1
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Almeida CF, Gully BS, Jones CM, Kedzierski L, Gunasinghe SD, Rice MT, Berry R, Gherardin NA, Nguyen TT, Mok YF, Reijneveld JF, Moody DB, Van Rhijn I, La Gruta NL, Uldrich AP, Rossjohn J, Godfrey DI. Direct recognition of an intact foreign protein by an αβ T cell receptor. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8816. [PMID: 39394178 PMCID: PMC11470135 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51897-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024] Open
Abstract
αβ T cell receptors (αβTCRs) co-recognise antigens when bound to Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) or MHC class I-like molecules. Additionally, some αβTCRs can bind non-MHC molecules, but how much intact antigen reactivities are achieved remains unknown. Here, we identify an αβ T cell clone that directly recognises the intact foreign protein, R-phycoerythrin (PE), a multimeric (αβ)6γ protein complex. This direct αβTCR-PE interaction occurs in an MHC-independent manner, yet triggers T cell activation and bound PE with an affinity comparable to αβTCR-peptide-MHC interactions. The crystal structure reveals how six αβTCR molecules simultaneously engage the PE hexamer, mediated by the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) of the αβTCR. Here, the αβTCR mainly binds to two α-helices of the globin fold in the PE α-subunit, which is analogous to the antigen-binding platform of the MHC molecule. Using retrogenic mice expressing this TCR, we show that it supports intrathymic T cell development, maturation, and exit into the periphery as mature CD4/CD8 double negative (DN) T cells with TCR-mediated functional capacity. Accordingly, we show how an αβTCR can recognise an intact foreign protein in an antibody-like manner.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Mice
- Phycoerythrin/metabolism
- Phycoerythrin/chemistry
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Protein Binding
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Humans
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Complementarity Determining Regions/chemistry
- Complementarity Determining Regions/genetics
- Complementarity Determining Regions/metabolism
- Models, Molecular
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina F Almeida
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Benjamin S Gully
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Claerwen M Jones
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Lukasz Kedzierski
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sachith D Gunasinghe
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael T Rice
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard Berry
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Trang T Nguyen
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Yee-Foong Mok
- Melbourne Protein Characterisation Platform, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Josephine F Reijneveld
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - D Branch Moody
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ildiko Van Rhijn
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole L La Gruta
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Adam P Uldrich
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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2
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McAuliffe J, Panetti S, Steffke E, Wicki A, Pereira-Almeida V, Noblecourt L, Hu Y, Guo SYW, Lesenfants J, Ramirez-Valdez RA, Chandrasekar V, Ahmad M, Stroobant V, Vigneron N, Van den Eynde BJ, Leung CSK. Novel H-2D b-restricted CD8 epitope derived from mouse MAGE-type antigen P1A mediates antitumor immunity in C57BL/6 mice. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008998. [PMID: 39384196 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2024-008998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma antigen gene (MAGE)-type antigens are promising targets for cancer immunotherapy as they are expressed in cancer cells but not in normal tissues, except for male germline cells. The mouse P1A antigen shares this MAGE-type expression pattern and has been used as a target antigen in preclinical tumor models aiming to induce antitumor CD8+ T-cell responses. However, so far only one MHC I-restricted P1A epitope has been identified. It is presented by H-2Ld in mice of the H-2d genetic background such as DBA/2 and BALB/c. Given the availability of multiple genetically altered strains of mice in the C57BL/6 background, it would be useful to define P1A T-cell epitopes presented by the H-2b haplotype, to facilitate more refined mechanistic studies. METHODS We employed a heterologous prime-boost vaccination strategy based on a chimpanzee adenovirus (ChAdOx1) and a modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) encoding P1A, to induce P1A-specific T-cell responses in C57BL/6 mice. Vaccine-induced responses were measured by intracellular cytokine staining and multiparameter flow cytometry. We mapped the immunogenic CD8 epitope and cloned the cognate T-cell receptor (TCR), which we used for adoptive cell therapy. RESULTS ChAdOx1/MVA-P1A vaccination induces a strong P1A-specific CD8+ T-cell response in C57BL/6 mice. This response is directed against a single 9-amino acid peptide with sequence FAVVTTSFL, corresponding to P1A amino acids 43-51. It is presented by H-2Db. P1A vaccination, especially with ChAdOx1 administered intramuscularly and MVA delivered intravenously, protected mice against P1A-expressing EL4 (EL4.P1A) tumor cell challenge. We identified and cloned four TCRs that are specific for the H-2Db-restricted P1A43-51 peptide. T cells transduced with these TCRs recognized EL4.P1A but not MC38.P1A and B16F10.P1A tumor cells, likely due to differences in the proteasome subtypes present in these cells. Adoptive transfer of these T cells in mice bearing EL4.P1A tumors reduced tumor growth and increased survival. CONCLUSIONS We identified the first CD8+ T-cell epitope of the MAGE-type P1A tumor antigen presented in the H-2b background. This opens new perspectives for mechanistic studies dissecting MAGE-type specific antitumor immunity, making use of the wealth of genetically altered mouse strains available in the C57BL/6 background. This should facilitate the advancement of specific cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James McAuliffe
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Silvia Panetti
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Emily Steffke
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Amanda Wicki
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vinnycius Pereira-Almeida
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Laurine Noblecourt
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yushu Hu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Immunology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Shi Yu William Guo
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Julie Lesenfants
- de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, de Duve Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Maryam Ahmad
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vincent Stroobant
- de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, de Duve Institute, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Vigneron
- de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, de Duve Institute, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoit J Van den Eynde
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, de Duve Institute, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carol Sze Ki Leung
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Immuno-Oncology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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3
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Gao W, Kim MW, Dykstra T, Du S, Boskovic P, Lichti CF, Ruiz-Cardozo MA, Gu X, Weizman Shapira T, Rustenhoven J, Molina C, Smirnov I, Merbl Y, Ray WZ, Kipnis J. Engineered T cell therapy for central nervous system injury. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07906-y. [PMID: 39232158 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07906-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic injuries to the central nervous system (CNS) afflict millions of individuals worldwide1, yet an effective treatment remains elusive. Following such injuries, the site is populated by a multitude of peripheral immune cells, including T cells, but a comprehensive understanding of the roles and antigen specificity of these endogenous T cells at the injury site has been lacking. This gap has impeded the development of immune-mediated cellular therapies for CNS injuries. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing, we demonstrated the clonal expansion of mouse and human spinal cord injury-associated T cells and identified that CD4+ T cell clones in mice exhibit antigen specificity towards self-peptides of myelin and neuronal proteins. Leveraging mRNA-based T cell receptor (TCR) reconstitution, a strategy aimed to minimize potential adverse effects from prolonged activation of self-reactive T cells, we generated engineered transiently autoimmune T cells. These cells demonstrated notable neuroprotective efficacy in CNS injury models, in part by modulating myeloid cells via IFNγ. Our findings elucidate mechanistic insight underlying the neuroprotective function of injury-responsive T cells and pave the way for the future development of T cell therapies for CNS injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Gao
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Min Woo Kim
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Immunology Program, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Taitea Dykstra
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Siling Du
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Immunology Program, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pavle Boskovic
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cheryl F Lichti
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Miguel A Ruiz-Cardozo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xingxing Gu
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tal Weizman Shapira
- Systems Immunology Department, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Justin Rustenhoven
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Camilo Molina
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Igor Smirnov
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yifat Merbl
- Systems Immunology Department, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Wilson Z Ray
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jonathan Kipnis
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Immunology Program, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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4
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Akitsu A, Kobayashi E, Feng Y, Stephens HM, Brazin KN, Masi DJ, Kirkpatrick EH, Mallis RJ, Duke-Cohan JS, Booker MA, Cinella V, Feng WW, Holliday EL, Lee JJ, Zienkiewicz KJ, Tolstorukov MY, Hwang W, Lang MJ, Reinherz EL. Parsing digital or analog TCR performance through piconewton forces. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado4313. [PMID: 39141734 PMCID: PMC11323890 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado4313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
αβ T cell receptors (TCRs) principally recognize aberrant peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex molecules (pMHCs) on unhealthy cells, amplifying specificity and sensitivity through physical load placed on the TCR-pMHC bond during immunosurveillance. To understand this mechanobiology, TCRs stimulated by abundantly and sparsely arrayed epitopes (NP366-374/Db and PA224-233/Db, respectively) following in vivo influenza A virus infection were studied with optical tweezers. While certain NP repertoire CD8 T lymphocytes require many ligands for activation, others are digital, needing just few. Conversely, all PA TCRs perform digitally, exhibiting pronounced bond lifetime increases through sustained, energizing volleys of structural transitioning. Optimal digital performance is superior in vivo, correlating with ERK phosphorylation, CD3 loss, and activation marker up-regulation in vitro. Given neoantigen array paucity, digital TCRs are likely critical for immunotherapies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Mice
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/chemistry
- Influenza A virus/immunology
- Humans
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/virology
- Optical Tweezers
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoi Akitsu
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yinnian Feng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Hannah M. Stephens
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Kristine N. Brazin
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel J. Masi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Evan H. Kirkpatrick
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Robert J. Mallis
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan S. Duke-Cohan
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew A. Booker
- Department of Informatics and Analytics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vincenzo Cinella
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - William W. Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elizabeth L. Holliday
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Jonathan J. Lee
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katarzyna J. Zienkiewicz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Michael Y. Tolstorukov
- Department of Informatics and Analytics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wonmuk Hwang
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Matthew J. Lang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ellis L. Reinherz
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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5
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Sun ND, Carr AR, Krogman EN, Chawla Y, Zhong J, Guttormson MC, Chan M, Hsu MA, Dong H, Bogunovic D, Pandey A, Rogers LM, Ting AT. TBK1 and IKKε protect target cells from IFNγ-mediated T cell killing via an inflammatory apoptotic mechanism. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.06.606693. [PMID: 39149268 PMCID: PMC11326184 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.06.606693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Cytotoxic T cells produce interferon gamma (IFNγ), which plays a critical role in anti-microbial and anti-tumor responses. However, it is not clear whether T cell-derived IFNγ directly kills infected and tumor target cells, and how this may be regulated. Here, we report that target cell expression of the kinases TBK1 and IKKε regulate IFNγ cytotoxicity by suppressing the ability of T cell-derived IFNγ to kill target cells. In tumor targets lacking TBK1 and IKKε, IFNγ induces expression of TNFR1 and the Z-nucleic acid sensor, ZBP1, to trigger RIPK1-dependent apoptosis, largely in a target cell-autonomous manner. Unexpectedly, IFNγ, which is not known to signal to NFκB, induces hyperactivation of NFκB in TBK1 and IKKε double-deficient cells. TBK1 and IKKε suppress IKKα/β activity and in their absence, IFNγ induces elevated NFκB-dependent expression of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines. Apoptosis is thought to be non-inflammatory, but our observations demonstrate that IFNγ can induce an inflammatory form of apoptosis, and this is suppressed by TBK1 and IKKε. The two kinases provide a critical connection between innate and adaptive immunological responses by regulating three key responses: (1) phosphorylation of IRF3/7 to induce type I IFN; (2) inhibition of RIPK1-dependent death; and (3) inhibition of NFκB-dependent inflammation. We propose that these kinases evolved these functions such that their inhibition by pathogens attempting to block type I IFN expression would enable IFNγ to trigger apoptosis accompanied by an alternative inflammatory response. Our findings show that loss of TBK1 and IKKε in target cells sensitizes them to inflammatory apoptosis induced by T cell-derived IFNγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D. Sun
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Allison R. Carr
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Yogesh Chawla
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jun Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Mark Chan
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michelle A. Hsu
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Haidong Dong
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Dusan Bogunovic
- Columbia Center for Genetic Errors of Immunity, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Laura M. Rogers
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Adrian T. Ting
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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6
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Fulford TS, Soliman C, Castle RG, Rigau M, Ruan Z, Dolezal O, Seneviratna R, Brown HG, Hanssen E, Hammet A, Li S, Redmond SJ, Chung A, Gorman MA, Parker MW, Patel O, Peat TS, Newman J, Behren A, Gherardin NA, Godfrey DI, Uldrich AP. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells recognize butyrophilin 2A1 and 3A1 heteromers. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1355-1366. [PMID: 39014161 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01892-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Butyrophilin (BTN) molecules are emerging as key regulators of T cell immunity; however, how they trigger cell-mediated responses is poorly understood. Here, the crystal structure of a gamma-delta T cell antigen receptor (γδTCR) in complex with BTN2A1 revealed that BTN2A1 engages the side of the γδTCR, leaving the apical TCR surface bioavailable. We reveal that a second γδTCR ligand co-engages γδTCR via binding to this accessible apical surface in a BTN3A1-dependent manner. BTN2A1 and BTN3A1 also directly interact with each other in cis, and structural analysis revealed formation of W-shaped heteromeric multimers. This BTN2A1-BTN3A1 interaction involved the same epitopes that BTN2A1 and BTN3A1 each use to mediate the γδTCR interaction; indeed, locking BTN2A1 and BTN3A1 together abrogated their interaction with γδTCR, supporting a model wherein the two γδTCR ligand-binding sites depend on accessibility to cryptic BTN epitopes. Our findings reveal a new paradigm in immune activation, whereby γδTCRs sense dual epitopes on BTN complexes.
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MESH Headings
- Butyrophilins/metabolism
- Butyrophilins/immunology
- Butyrophilins/chemistry
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism
- Humans
- Protein Binding
- Protein Multimerization
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/chemistry
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Models, Molecular
- Intraepithelial Lymphocytes/immunology
- Intraepithelial Lymphocytes/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Fulford
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Caroline Soliman
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca G Castle
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marc Rigau
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Rheinische Friedrichs-Wilhelms University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zheng Ruan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Olan Dolezal
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Seneviratna
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hamish G Brown
- Ian Holmes Imaging Centre, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric Hanssen
- Ian Holmes Imaging Centre, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Hammet
- CSL Limited, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shihan Li
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Samuel J Redmond
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy Chung
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael A Gorman
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Onisha Patel
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thomas S Peat
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Janet Newman
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andreas Behren
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Adam P Uldrich
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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7
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You Y, Dunst J, Ye K, Sandoz PA, Reinhardt A, Sandrock I, Comet NR, Sarkar RD, Yang E, Duprez E, Agudo J, Brown BD, Utz PJ, Kastenmüller W, Gerlach C, Prinz I, Önfelt B, Kreslavsky T. Direct presentation of inflammation-associated self-antigens by thymic innate-like T cells induces elimination of autoreactive CD8 + thymocytes. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1367-1382. [PMID: 38992254 PMCID: PMC11291280 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01899-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Upregulation of diverse self-antigens that constitute components of the inflammatory response overlaps spatially and temporally with the emergence of pathogen-derived foreign antigens. Therefore, discrimination between these inflammation-associated self-antigens and pathogen-derived molecules represents a unique challenge for the adaptive immune system. Here, we demonstrate that CD8+ T cell tolerance to T cell-derived inflammation-associated self-antigens is efficiently induced in the thymus and supported by redundancy in cell types expressing these molecules. In addition to thymic epithelial cells, this included thymic eosinophils and innate-like T cells, a population that expressed molecules characteristic for all major activated T cell subsets. We show that direct T cell-to-T cell antigen presentation by minute numbers of innate-like T cells was sufficient to eliminate autoreactive CD8+ thymocytes. Tolerance to such effector molecules was of critical importance, as its breach caused by decreased thymic abundance of a single model inflammation-associated self-antigen resulted in autoimmune elimination of an entire class of effector T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan You
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Josefine Dunst
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kewei Ye
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrick A Sandoz
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annika Reinhardt
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inga Sandrock
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Natalia R Comet
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rupak Dey Sarkar
- Max Planck Research Group, Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Emily Yang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Estelle Duprez
- Epigenetic Factors in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis Lab, CRCM, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Judith Agudo
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian D Brown
- The Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul J Utz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wolfgang Kastenmüller
- Max Planck Research Group, Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Gerlach
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Systems Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn Önfelt
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Taras Kreslavsky
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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8
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Burton OT, Bricard O, Tareen S, Gergelits V, Andrews S, Biggins L, Roca CP, Whyte C, Junius S, Brajic A, Pasciuto E, Ali M, Lemaitre P, Schlenner SM, Ishigame H, Brown BD, Dooley J, Liston A. The tissue-resident regulatory T cell pool is shaped by transient multi-tissue migration and a conserved residency program. Immunity 2024; 57:1586-1602.e10. [PMID: 38897202 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The tissues are the site of many important immunological reactions, yet how the immune system is controlled at these sites remains opaque. Recent studies have identified Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells in non-lymphoid tissues with unique characteristics compared with lymphoid Treg cells. However, tissue Treg cells have not been considered holistically across tissues. Here, we performed a systematic analysis of the Treg cell population residing in non-lymphoid organs throughout the body, revealing shared phenotypes, transient residency, and common molecular dependencies. Tissue Treg cells from different non-lymphoid organs shared T cell receptor (TCR) sequences, with functional capacity to drive multi-tissue Treg cell entry and were tissue-agnostic on tissue homing. Together, these results demonstrate that the tissue-resident Treg cell pool in most non-lymphoid organs, other than the gut, is largely constituted by broadly self-reactive Treg cells, characterized by transient multi-tissue migration. This work suggests common regulatory mechanisms may allow pan-tissue Treg cells to safeguard homeostasis across the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver T Burton
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium; Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Orian Bricard
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samar Tareen
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vaclav Gergelits
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Simon Andrews
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura Biggins
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carlos P Roca
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carly Whyte
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Steffie Junius
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aleksandra Brajic
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emanuela Pasciuto
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Center of Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Magda Ali
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pierre Lemaitre
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Susan M Schlenner
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Harumichi Ishigame
- Laboratory for Tissue Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Near-InfraRed Photo-Immunotherapy Research Institute, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Brian D Brown
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - James Dooley
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium; Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adrian Liston
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium; Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK.
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9
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Iizuka-Koga M, Ito M, Yumoto N, Mise-Omata S, Hayakawa T, Komai K, Chikuma S, Takahashi S, Matsumoto I, Sumida T, Yoshimura A. Reconstruction of Sjögren's syndrome-like sialadenitis by a defined disease specific gut-reactive single TCR and an autoantibody. Clin Immunol 2024; 264:110258. [PMID: 38762063 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Lymphocytes such as CD4+ T cells and B cells mainly infiltrate the salivary glands; however, the precise roles and targets of autoreactive T cells and autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) remain unclear. This study was designed to clarify the role of autoreactive T cells and autoantibodies at the single-cell level involved in the development of sialadenitis. Infiltrated CD4+ T and B cells in the salivary glands of a mouse model resembling SS were single-cell-sorted, and their T cell receptor (TCR) and B cell receptor (BCR) sequences were analyzed. The predominant TCR and BCR clonotypes were reconstituted in vitro, and their pathogenicity was evaluated by transferring reconstituted TCR-expressing CD4+ T cells into Rag2-/- mice and administering recombinant IgG in vivo. The reconstitution of Th17 cells expressing TCR (#G) in Rag2-/- mice resulted in the infiltration of T cells into the salivary glands and development of sialadenitis, while an autoantibody (IgGr22) was observed to promote the proliferation of pathogenic T cells. IgGr22 specifically recognizes double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and induces the activation of dendritic cells, thereby enhancing the expression of IFN signature and inflammatory genes. TCR#G recognizes antigens related to the gut microbiota. Antibiotic treatment severely reduces the activation of TCR#G-expressing Th17 cells and suppresses sialadenitis development. These data suggest that the anti-dsRNA antibodies and, TCR recognizing the gut microbiota involved in the development of sialadenitis like SS. Thus, our model provides a novel strategy for defining the roles of autoreactive TCR and autoantibodies in the development and pathogenesis of SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Iizuka-Koga
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Minako Ito
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Noriko Yumoto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Setsuko Mise-Omata
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2669, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Taeko Hayakawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kyoko Komai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Chikuma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Isao Matsumoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sumida
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2669, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0022, Japan.
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10
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Holling GA, Chavel CA, Sharda AP, Lieberman MM, James CM, Lightman SM, Tong JH, Qiao G, Emmons TR, Giridharan T, Hou S, Intlekofer AM, Higashi RM, Fan TWM, Lane AN, Eng KH, Segal BH, Repasky EA, Lee KP, Olejniczak SH. CD8+ T cell metabolic flexibility elicited by CD28-ARS2 axis-driven alternative splicing of PKM supports antitumor immunity. Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:260-274. [PMID: 38233562 PMCID: PMC10902291 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01124-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic flexibility has emerged as a critical determinant of CD8+ T-cell antitumor activity, yet the mechanisms driving the metabolic flexibility of T cells have not been determined. In this study, we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap-binding complex (CBC) adaptor protein ARS2 on mature T cells. In doing so, we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+ T cells with flexibility of glucose catabolism. ARS2 upregulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced splicing factor recruitment to pre-mRNAs and affected approximately one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative splicing events. Among these effects, the CD28-ARS2 axis suppressed the expression of the M1 isoform of pyruvate kinase in favor of PKM2, a key determinant of CD8+ T-cell glucose utilization, interferon gamma production, and antitumor effector function. Importantly, PKM alternative splicing occurred independently of CD28-driven PI3K pathway activation, revealing a novel means by which costimulation reprograms glucose metabolism in CD8+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Aaron Holling
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Colin A Chavel
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Anand P Sharda
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Mackenzie M Lieberman
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Caitlin M James
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Shivana M Lightman
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Jason H Tong
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Guanxi Qiao
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Tiffany R Emmons
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Thejaswini Giridharan
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Shengqi Hou
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Andrew M Intlekofer
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Richard M Higashi
- Center for Environmental Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Teresa W M Fan
- Center for Environmental Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Center for Environmental Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Kevin H Eng
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Brahm H Segal
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Repasky
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Kelvin P Lee
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Scott H Olejniczak
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
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11
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Akama-Garren EH, Yin X, Prestwood TR, Ma M, Utz PJ, Carroll MC. T cell help shapes B cell tolerance. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadj7029. [PMID: 38363829 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adj7029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
T cell help is a crucial component of the normal humoral immune response, yet whether it promotes or restrains autoreactive B cell responses remains unclear. Here, we observe that autoreactive germinal centers require T cell help for their formation and persistence. Using retrogenic chimeras transduced with candidate TCRs, we demonstrate that a follicular T cell repertoire restricted to a single autoreactive TCR, but not a foreign antigen-specific TCR, is sufficient to initiate autoreactive germinal centers. Follicular T cell specificity influences the breadth of epitope spreading by regulating wild-type B cell entry into autoreactive germinal centers. These results demonstrate that TCR-dependent T cell help can promote loss of B cell tolerance and that epitope spreading is determined by TCR specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot H Akama-Garren
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xihui Yin
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tyler R Prestwood
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Minghe Ma
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paul J Utz
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael C Carroll
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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12
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Jin Y, Yuan H, Mehta I, Ezenwa O, Morel PA. Alternatively Spliced Variants of Murine CD247 Influence T Cell Development and Activation, Revealing the Importance of the CD3ζ C-Terminal Region. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:541-550. [PMID: 38117282 PMCID: PMC10872740 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
CD247, also known as CD3ζ, is a crucial signaling molecule that transduces signals delivered by TCR through its three ITAMs. CD3ζ is required for successful thymocyte development. Three additional alternatively spliced variants of murine CD247 have been described, that is, CD3ι, CD3θ, and CD3η, that differ from CD3ζ in the C terminus such that the third ITAM is lost. Previous studies demonstrated defects in T cell development in mice expressing CD3η, but the TCR signaling pathways affected by CD3η and the impacts of the CD3ι and CD3θ on T cell development were not explored. In this study, we used a retrovirus-mediated gene transfer technique to express these three isoforms individually and examined the roles of them on T cell development and activation. Rag1-/- mice reconstituted with CD3θ-expressing bone marrow failed to develop mature T cells. CD3ι-expressing T cells exhibited similar development and activation as cells expressing CD3ζ. In contrast, thymic development was severely impaired in CD3η-reconstituted mice. Single-positive but not double-positive CD3η-expressing thymocytes had reduced TCR expression, and CD5 expression was decreased at the double-positive stage, suggesting a defect in positive selection. Peripheral CD3η-expressing T cells had expanded CD44hi populations and upregulation of exhaustion markers seen by flow cytometry and RNA sequencing analysis. Analysis of early signaling events demonstrated significantly reduced activation of both the PLCγ1 and Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. There was also a reduction in the frequency of activation of CD3η-expressing T cells. These studies reveal the importance of the CD3ζ C-terminal region in T cell development and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Jin
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Huijuan Yuan
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA
| | - Isha Mehta
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ogechukwu Ezenwa
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Penelope A Morel
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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13
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Textor J, Buytenhuijs F, Rogers D, Gauthier ÈM, Sultan S, Wortel IMN, Kalies K, Fähnrich A, Pagel R, Melichar HJ, Westermann J, Mandl JN. Machine learning analysis of the T cell receptor repertoire identifies sequence features of self-reactivity. Cell Syst 2023; 14:1059-1073.e5. [PMID: 38061355 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The T cell receptor (TCR) determines specificity and affinity for both foreign and self-peptides presented by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Although the strength of TCR interactions with self-pMHC impacts T cell function, it has been challenging to identify TCR sequence features that predict T cell fate. To discern patterns distinguishing TCRs from naive CD4+ T cells with low versus high self-reactivity, we used data from 42 mice to train a machine learning (ML) algorithm that identifies population-level differences between TCRβ sequence sets. This approach revealed that weakly self-reactive T cell populations were enriched for longer CDR3β regions and acidic amino acids. We tested our ML predictions of self-reactivity using retrogenic mice with fixed TCRβ sequences. Extrapolating our analyses to independent datasets, we predicted high self-reactivity for regulatory T cells and slightly reduced self-reactivity for T cells responding to chronic infections. Our analyses suggest a potential trade-off between TCR repertoire diversity and self-reactivity. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Textor
- Data Science Group, Institute for Computing and Information Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6525 EC, the Netherlands; Medical BioSciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands.
| | - Franka Buytenhuijs
- Data Science Group, Institute for Computing and Information Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6525 EC, the Netherlands
| | - Dakota Rogers
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada; McGill Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Ève Mallet Gauthier
- Immunology-Oncology Unit, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Shabaz Sultan
- Data Science Group, Institute for Computing and Information Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6525 EC, the Netherlands; Medical BioSciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Inge M N Wortel
- Data Science Group, Institute for Computing and Information Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6525 EC, the Netherlands; Medical BioSciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Kathrin Kalies
- Institut für Anatomie, Universität zu Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anke Fähnrich
- Institut für Anatomie, Universität zu Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - René Pagel
- Institut für Anatomie, Universität zu Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Heather J Melichar
- Immunology-Oncology Unit, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | | | - Judith N Mandl
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; McGill Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada.
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14
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Zhong X, Moresco JJ, Diedrich JK, Pinto AM, SoRelle JA, Wang J, Keller K, Ludwig S, Moresco EMY, Beutler B, Choi JH. Essential role of MFSD1-GLMP-GIMAP5 in lymphocyte survival and liver homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2314429120. [PMID: 38055739 PMCID: PMC10723049 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314429120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We detected ENU-induced alleles of Mfsd1 (encoding the major facilitator superfamily domain containing 1 protein) that caused lymphopenia, splenomegaly, progressive liver pathology, and extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH). MFSD1 is a lysosomal membrane-bound solute carrier protein with no previously described function in immunity. By proteomic analysis, we identified association between MFSD1 and both GLMP (glycosylated lysosomal membrane protein) and GIMAP5 (GTPase of immunity-associated protein 5). Germline knockout alleles of Mfsd1, Glmp, and Gimap5 each caused lymphopenia, liver pathology, EMH, and lipid deposition in the bone marrow and liver. We found that the interactions of MFSD1 and GLMP with GIMAP5 are essential to maintain normal GIMAP5 expression, which in turn is critical to support lymphocyte development and liver homeostasis that suppresses EMH. These findings identify the protein complex MFSD1-GLMP-GIMAP5 operating in hematopoietic and extrahematopoietic tissues to regulate immunity and liver homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhong
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - James J. Moresco
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Jolene K. Diedrich
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Antonio M. Pinto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Jeffrey A. SoRelle
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Jianhui Wang
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Katie Keller
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Sara Ludwig
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Eva Marie Y. Moresco
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Bruce Beutler
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Jin Huk Choi
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
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15
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Guy TV, Terry AM, McGuire HM, Shklovskaya E, Fazekas de St Groth B. MHCII restriction demonstrates B cells have very limited capacity to activate tumour-specific CD4 + T cells in vivo. Oncoimmunology 2023; 13:2290799. [PMID: 38125720 PMCID: PMC10730170 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2290799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been growing interest in the role of B cells in antitumour immunity and potential use in adoptive cellular therapies. To date, the success of such therapies is limited. The intrinsic capacity of B cells to specifically activate tumour-specific CD4+ T cells in vivo via TCR-dependent interactions remains poorly defined. We have developed an in vivo tumour model that utilizes MHCII I-E restriction which limits antigen presentation to tumour-specific CD4 T cells to either tumour-specific B cells or host myeloid antigen presenting cells (APCs) in lymphopenic RAG-/-mice. We have previously shown that these naive tumour-specific CD4+ T cells can successfully eradicate established tumours in this model when activated by host APCs. When naïve tumour-specific B cells are the only source of I-E+ APC, very limited proliferation of naïve CD4+ T cells is observed, whereas host I-E+ APCs are potent T cell activators. B cells pre-activated with an anti-CD40 agonistic antibody in vivo support increased T cell proliferation, although far less than host APCs. CD4+ T cells that have already differentiated to an effector/central memory phenotype proliferate more readily in response to naïve B cells, although still 100-fold less than in response to host APCs. This study demonstrates that even in a significantly lymphopenic environment, myeloid APCs are the dominant primary activators of tumour-specific T cells, in contrast to the very limited capacity of tumour-specific B cells. This suggests that future anti-tumour therapies that incorporate activated B cells should also include mechanisms that activate host APCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas V. Guy
- T cell Biology Program, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Pillai Labratory, Ragon Institute of MGH, Harvard and MIT, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra M. Terry
- T cell Biology Program, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Genmab, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Helen M. McGuire
- T cell Biology Program, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elena Shklovskaya
- T cell Biology Program, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- T cell Biology Program, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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16
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Akitsu A, Kobayashi E, Feng Y, Stephens HM, Brazin KN, Masi DJ, Kirpatrick EH, Mallis RJ, Duke-Cohan JS, Booker MA, Cinella V, Feng WW, Holliday EL, Lee JJ, Zienkiewicz KJ, Tolstorukov MY, Hwang W, Lang MJ, Reinherz EL. Parsing digital or analogue TCR performance through piconewton forces. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.29.568292. [PMID: 38076892 PMCID: PMC10705438 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.29.568292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
αβ T-cell receptors (TCRs) recognize aberrant peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex molecules (pMHCs) on unhealthy cells, amplifying specificity and sensitivity through physical load placed on the TCR-pMHC bond during immunosurveillance. To understand this mechanobiology, TCRs stimulated by abundantly and sparsely arrayed epitopes (NP 366-374 /D b and PA 224-233 /D b , respectively) following in vivo influenza A virus infection were studied with optical tweezers. While certain NP repertoire CD8 T lymphocytes require many ligands for activation, others are digital, needing just few. Conversely, all PA TCRs perform digitally, exhibiting pronounced bond lifetime increases through sustained, energizing volleys of structural transitioning. Optimal digital performance is superior in vivo, correlating with ERK phosphorylation, CD3 loss, and activation marker upregulation in vitro . Given neoantigen array paucity, digital TCRs are likely critical for immunotherapies. One Sentence Summary Quality of ligand recognition in a T-cell repertoire is revealed through application of physical load on clonal T-cell receptor (TCR)-pMHC bonds.
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17
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Zhou X, Jia X, Huang Z, Yang C, Li J, Xie W, He X, Ying W, Liu C, Liu Y, Liao K, Hong Y, Chen XL, Zhang T, Xia N, Liu WH, Fu G, Xiao C. MHC class II regulation of CD8 + T cell tolerance and implications in autoimmunity and cancer immunotherapy. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113452. [PMID: 37976163 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-reactive CD8+ T cells are found in humans and animals, but little is known about their identity, development, and function. In this study, we discover a group of CD8+ T cells reactive to both MHC class I and II molecules in MHC class II-deficient mice. We clone their T cell receptors (TCRs) and analyze their development and function. In wild-type animals, thymocytes bearing those TCRs are purged by negative selection. In the absence of MHC class II, they develop into mature CD8+ T cells. When encountering MHC class II in the periphery, they undergo robust activation and proliferation, attack self-tissues, and cause lethal autoimmune diseases. In adoptive T cell therapy, those CD8+ T cells are able to efficiently control MHC class II-expressing tumors. This study opens the door to investigation of dual-reactive CD8+ T cells, their development and selection in the thymus, and the perils and promises when their normal development and selection are compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xian Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Chao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jiali Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wangnan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wei Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chenfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Kunyu Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yazhen Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiao Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Tianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wen-Hsien Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Guo Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Changchun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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18
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Zhong X, Moresco JJ, Keller K, Lazaro DR, Ely C, Moresco EMY, Beutler B, Choi JH. Essential requirement for IER3IP1 in B cell development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2312810120. [PMID: 37934820 PMCID: PMC10655558 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312810120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In a forward genetic screen of mice with N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mutations for aberrant immune function, we identified animals with low percentages of B220+ cells in the peripheral blood. The causative mutation was in Ier3ip1, encoding immediate early response 3 interacting protein 1 (IER3IP1), an endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein mutated in an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder termed Microcephaly with simplified gyration, Epilepsy and permanent neonatal Diabetes Syndrome (MEDS) in humans. However, no immune function for IER3IP1 had previously been reported. The viable hypomorphic Ier3ip1 allele uncovered in this study, identical to a reported IER3IP1 variant in a MEDS patient, reveals an essential hematopoietic-intrinsic role for IER3IP1 in B cell development and function. We show that IER3IP1 forms a complex with the Golgi transmembrane protein 167A and limits activation of the unfolded protein response mediated by inositol-requiring enzyme-1α and X-box binding protein 1 in B cells. Our findings suggest that B cell deficiency may be a feature of MEDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhong
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8505
| | - James J. Moresco
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8505
| | - Katie Keller
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8505
| | - Danielle Renee Lazaro
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8505
| | - Claire Ely
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8505
| | - Eva Marie Y. Moresco
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8505
| | - Bruce Beutler
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8505
| | - Jin Huk Choi
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8505
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
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19
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van de Sandt CE, Nguyen THO, Gherardin NA, Crawford JC, Samir J, Minervina AA, Pogorelyy MV, Rizzetto S, Szeto C, Kaur J, Ranson N, Sonda S, Harper A, Redmond SJ, McQuilten HA, Menon T, Sant S, Jia X, Pedrina K, Karapanagiotidis T, Cain N, Nicholson S, Chen Z, Lim R, Clemens EB, Eltahla A, La Gruta NL, Crowe J, Lappas M, Rossjohn J, Godfrey DI, Thomas PG, Gras S, Flanagan KL, Luciani F, Kedzierska K. Newborn and child-like molecular signatures in older adults stem from TCR shifts across human lifespan. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:1890-1907. [PMID: 37749325 PMCID: PMC10602853 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01633-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
CD8+ T cells provide robust antiviral immunity, but how epitope-specific T cells evolve across the human lifespan is unclear. Here we defined CD8+ T cell immunity directed at the prominent influenza epitope HLA-A*02:01-M158-66 (A2/M158) across four age groups at phenotypic, transcriptomic, clonal and functional levels. We identify a linear differentiation trajectory from newborns to children then adults, followed by divergence and a clonal reset in older adults. Gene profiles in older adults closely resemble those of newborns and children, despite being clonally distinct. Only child-derived and adult-derived A2/M158+CD8+ T cells had the potential to differentiate into highly cytotoxic epitope-specific CD8+ T cells, which was linked to highly functional public T cell receptor (TCR)αβ signatures. Suboptimal TCRαβ signatures in older adults led to less proliferation, polyfunctionality, avidity and recognition of peptide mutants, although displayed no signs of exhaustion. These data suggest that priming T cells at different stages of life might greatly affect CD8+ T cell responses toward viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolien E van de Sandt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thi H O Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Jerome Samir
- School of Medical Sciences and The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Mikhail V Pogorelyy
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Simone Rizzetto
- School of Medical Sciences and The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher Szeto
- Viral and Structural Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jasveen Kaur
- School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Nicole Ranson
- School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Sabrina Sonda
- School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Alice Harper
- School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Samuel J Redmond
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hayley A McQuilten
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tejas Menon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sneha Sant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xiaoxiao Jia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate Pedrina
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Theo Karapanagiotidis
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie Cain
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suellen Nicholson
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhenjun Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ratana Lim
- Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - E Bridie Clemens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Auda Eltahla
- School of Medical Sciences and The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicole L La Gruta
- Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane Crowe
- Deepdene Surgery, Deepdene, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martha Lappas
- Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul G Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Stephanie Gras
- Viral and Structural Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katie L Flanagan
- School of Health Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Tasmanian Vaccine Trial Centre, Clifford Craig Foundation, Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Fabio Luciani
- School of Medical Sciences and The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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20
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Lucero OM, Lee JA, Bowman J, Johnson K, Sapparapu G, Thomas JK, Fan G, Chang BH, Thiel-Klare K, Eide CA, Okada C, Palazzolo M, Lind E, Kosaka Y, Druker BJ, Lydon N, Bowers PM. Patient-Specific Targeting of the T-Cell Receptor Variable Region as a Therapeutic Strategy in Clonal T-Cell Diseases. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:4230-4241. [PMID: 37199721 PMCID: PMC10592575 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Targeted therapeutics are a goal of medicine. Methods for targeting T-cell lymphoma lack specificity for the malignant cell, leading to elimination of healthy cells. The T-cell receptor (TCR) is designed for antigen recognition. T-cell malignancies expand from a single clone that expresses one of 48 TCR variable beta (Vβ) genes, providing a distinct therapeutic target. We hypothesized that a mAb that is exclusive to a specific Vβ would eliminate the malignant clone while having minimal effects on healthy T cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We identified a patient with large granular T-cell leukemia and sequenced his circulating T-cell population, 95% of which expressed Vβ13.3. We developed a panel of anti-Vβ13.3 antibodies to test for binding and elimination of the malignant T-cell clone. RESULTS Therapeutic antibody candidates bound the malignant clone with high affinity. Antibodies killed engineered cell lines expressing the patient TCR Vβ13.3 by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and TCR-mediated activation-induced cell death, and exhibited specific killing of patient malignant T cells in combination with exogenous natural killer cells. EL4 cells expressing the patient's TCR Vβ13.3 were also killed by antibody administration in an in vivo murine model. CONCLUSIONS This approach serves as an outline for development of therapeutics that can treat clonal T-cell-based malignancies and potentially other T-cell-mediated diseases. See related commentary by Varma and Diefenbach, p. 4024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M Lucero
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Ji-Ann Lee
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jenna Bowman
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Kara Johnson
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Gopal Sapparapu
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - John K Thomas
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Guang Fan
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Bill H Chang
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Karina Thiel-Klare
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Christopher A Eide
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Craig Okada
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Mike Palazzolo
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Evan Lind
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Yoko Kosaka
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Brian J Druker
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- VB Therapeutics LLC, Jackson, Wyoming
| | | | - Peter M Bowers
- Therapeutic Antibody Laboratory, Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
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21
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Chen SR, Li ZQ, Xu J, Ding MY, Shan YM, Cheng YC, Zhang GX, Sun YW, Wang YQ, Wang Y. Celastrol attenuates hepatitis C virus translation and inflammatory response in mice by suppressing heat shock protein 90β. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:1637-1648. [PMID: 36882503 PMCID: PMC10374583 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01067-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the major factors to trigger a sustained hepatic inflammatory response and hence hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but direct-acting-antiviral (DAAs) was not efficient to suppress HCC development. Heat shock protein 90 kDa (HSP90) is highly abundant in different types of cancers, and especially controls protein translation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and viral replication. In this study we investigated the correlation between the expression levels of HSP90 isoforms and inflammatory response marker NLRP3 in different types of HCC patients as well as the effect of a natural product celastrol in suppression of HCV translation and associated inflammatory response in vivo. We identified that the expression level of HSP90β isoform was correlated with that of NLRP3 in the liver tissues of HCV positive HCC patients (R2 = 0.3867, P < 0.0101), but not in hepatitis B virus-associated HCC or cirrhosis patients. We demonstrated that celastrol (3, 10, 30 μM) dose-dependently suppressed the ATPase activity of both HSP90α and HSP90β, while its anti-HCV activity was dependent on the Ala47 residue in the ATPase pocket of HSP90β. Celastrol (200 nM) halted HCV internal ribosomal entry site (IRES)-mediated translation at the initial step by disrupting the association between HSP90β and 4EBP1. The inhibitory activity of celastrol on HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)-triggered inflammatory response also depended on the Ala47 residue of HSP90β. Intravenous injection of adenovirus expressing HCV NS5B (pAde-NS5B) in mice induced severe hepatic inflammatory response characterized by significantly increased infiltration of immune cells and hepatic expression level of Nlrp3, which was dose-dependently ameliorated by pretreatment with celastrol (0.2, 0.5 mg/kg, i.p.). This study reveals a fundamental role of HSP90β in governing HCV IRES-mediated translation as well as hepatic inflammation, and celastrol as a novel inhibitor of HCV translation and associated inflammation by specifically targeting HSP90β, which could be developed as a lead for the treatment of HSP90β positive HCV-associated HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ru Chen
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zheng-Qing Li
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Mo-Yu Ding
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ya-Ming Shan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yung-Chi Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Gao-Xiao Zhang
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ye-Wei Sun
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Wang
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangzhou Magpie Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Guangzhou International Business Incubator, Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
- Minister of Education Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
- Minister of Education Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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22
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Mohtashami M, Brauer PM, Zúñiga-Pflücker JC. Induction of Human T Cell Development In Vitro with OP9-DL4-7FS Cells Expressing Human Cytokines. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2580:249-260. [PMID: 36374462 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2740-2_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
For nearly a generation now, OP9-DL1 and OP9-DL4 cells have provided an efficient and reliable cell system to generate T cells from mouse and human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and pluripotent stem cells. OP9-DL1 and OP9-DL4 were originally derived from the OP9 mouse bone marrow stromal cell line, which was transduced to ectopically express Delta-like 1 or 4 proteins, respectively. OP9-DL cells mimic the thymic microenvironment in that when cocultured with mouse or human (h) HSCs, they interact with and activate Notch receptors present on HSCs, required for T cell differentiation. The HSC/OP9-DL cocultures require additional cytokines that are necessary for survival and proliferation of hematopoietic cells. For hHSCs, these factors are interleukin-7 (IL-7), stem cell factor (SCF), and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3L) that are normally exogenously added to the cocultures. In this chapter, we describe methods for establishing a novel and improved version of OP9-DL4 cells, called OP9-DL4-7FS cells that circumvent the addition of these costly cytokines, by transducing OP9-DL4 cell line to express human IL-7, FLT3L, and SCF (7FS). Herein, we describe the protocol for the generation of OP9-DL4-7FS cells and the conditions for OP9-DL4-7FS/hHSC coculture to support T cell lineage initiation and expansion while comparing it to the now "classic" OP9-DL4 coculture. The use of OP9-DL4-7FS cell system will provide an improved and cost-effective method to the commonly used OP9-DL/HSC coculture for studying both mouse and human T cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan Carlos Zúñiga-Pflücker
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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23
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Gao Y, Bosselut R. Generation of Retrogenic Mice to Investigate T Cell Development. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2580:199-209. [PMID: 36374459 PMCID: PMC10798177 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2740-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
T cells develop in the thymus from bone marrow precursors, and genetic manipulation is an indispensable tool to explore their development in vivo. Retroviral transduction of T cell precursors in the bone marrow can be used to specifically eliminate or enforce gene expression. Here, we describe a fast and efficient method to ectopically express a gene in T cell precursors through retroviral transduction and transplant into recipient mice, which will enable laboratories to evaluate gene function in T cell development in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayi Gao
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rémy Bosselut
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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24
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EventDNA: a dataset for Dutch news event extraction as a basis for news diversification. LANG RESOUR EVAL 2023; 57:189-221. [PMID: 36415480 PMCID: PMC9672586 DOI: 10.1007/s10579-022-09623-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
News organizations increasingly tailor their news offering to the reader through personalized recommendation algorithms. However, automated recommendation algorithms reflect a commercial logic based on calculated relevance to the user, rather than aiming at a well-informed citizenry. In this paper, we introduce the EventDNA corpus, a dataset of 1773 Dutch-language news articles annotated with information on entities, news events and IPTC Media Topic codes, with the ultimate goal to outline a recommendation algorithm that uses news event diversity rather than previous reading behaviour as a key driver for personalized news recommendation. We describe the EventDNA annotation guidelines, which are inspired by the well-known ERE framework and conclude that it is not practical to apply a fixed event typology such as used in ERE to an unrestricted data context. The corpus and related source code is made available at https://github.com/NewsDNA-LT3/.github.
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25
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Focused B cell response to recurring gluten motif with implications for epitope spreading in celiac disease. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111541. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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26
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Souter MN, Awad W, Li S, Pediongco TJ, Meehan BS, Meehan LJ, Tian Z, Zhao Z, Wang H, Nelson A, Le Nours J, Khandokar Y, Praveena T, Wubben J, Lin J, Sullivan LC, Lovrecz GO, Mak JY, Liu L, Kostenko L, Kedzierska K, Corbett AJ, Fairlie DP, Brooks AG, Gherardin NA, Uldrich AP, Chen Z, Rossjohn J, Godfrey DI, McCluskey J, Pellicci DG, Eckle SB. CD8 coreceptor engagement of MR1 enhances antigen responsiveness by human MAIT and other MR1-reactive T cells. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213423. [PMID: 36018322 PMCID: PMC9424912 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells detect microbial infection via recognition of riboflavin-based antigens presented by the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I)-related protein 1 (MR1). Most MAIT cells in human peripheral blood express CD8αα or CD8αβ coreceptors, and the binding site for CD8 on MHC-I molecules is relatively conserved in MR1. Yet, there is no direct evidence of CD8 interacting with MR1 or the functional consequences thereof. Similarly, the role of CD8αα in lymphocyte function remains ill-defined. Here, using newly developed MR1 tetramers, mutated at the CD8 binding site, and by determining the crystal structure of MR1-CD8αα, we show that CD8 engaged MR1, analogous to how it engages MHC-I molecules. CD8αα and CD8αβ enhanced MR1 binding and cytokine production by MAIT cells. Moreover, the CD8-MR1 interaction was critical for the recognition of folate-derived antigens by other MR1-reactive T cells. Together, our findings suggest that both CD8αα and CD8αβ act as functional coreceptors for MAIT and other MR1-reactive T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N.T. Souter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wael Awad
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shihan Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Troi J. Pediongco
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bronwyn S. Meehan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lucy J. Meehan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zehua Tian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Huimeng Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Adam Nelson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jérôme Le Nours
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yogesh Khandokar
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - T. Praveena
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jacinta Wubben
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lucy C. Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - George O. Lovrecz
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Y.W. Mak
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ligong Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lyudmila Kostenko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alexandra J. Corbett
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David P. Fairlie
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Andrew G. Brooks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nicholas A. Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adam P. Uldrich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zhenjun Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia,Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Dale I. Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - James McCluskey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel G. Pellicci
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia,Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sidonia B.G. Eckle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
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27
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Qiu X, Campos Y, van de Vlekkert D, Gomero E, Tanwar A, Kalathur R, Weesner JA, Bongiovanni A, Demmers J, d'Azzo A. Distinct functions of dimeric and monomeric scaffold protein Alix in regulating F-actin assembly and loading of exosomal cargo. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102425. [PMID: 36030822 PMCID: PMC9531180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alix is a ubiquitously expressed scaffold protein that participates in numerous cellular processes related to the remodeling/repair of membranes and the actin cytoskeleton. Alix exists in monomeric and dimeric/multimeric configurations, but how dimer formation occurs and what role the dimer has in Alix-mediated processes are still largely elusive. Here, we reveal a mechanism for Alix homodimerization mediated by disulfide bonds under physiological conditions, and demonstrate that the Alix dimer is enriched in exosomes and F-actin cytoskeleton subcellular fractions. Proteomic analysis of exosomes derived from Alix-/- primary cells underlined the indispensable role of Alix in loading syntenin into exosomes, thereby regulating the cellular levels of this protein. Using a set of deletion mutants, we define the function of Alix Bro1 domain, which is solely required for its exosomal localization, and that of the V domain, which is needed for recruiting syntenin into exosomes. We reveal an essential role for Cys814 within the disordered proline rich domain (PRD) for Alix dimerization. By mutating this residue, we show that Alix remains exclusively monomeric and, in this configuration, is effective in loading syntenin into exosomes. In contrast, loss of dimerization affects the ability of Alix to associate with F-actin, thereby compromising Alix-mediated cytoskeleton remodeling. We propose that dimeric and monomeric forms of Alix selectively execute two of the protein's main functions: exosomal cargo loading and cytoskeleton remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Qiu
- Department of Genetics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Yvan Campos
- Department of Genetics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Diantha van de Vlekkert
- Department of Genetics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Elida Gomero
- Department of Genetics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Ajay Tanwar
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Ravi Kalathur
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jason A Weesner
- Department of Genetics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis Tennessee 38105, USA; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Antonella Bongiovanni
- Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Jeroen Demmers
- Proteomics Center, Erasmus Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandra d'Azzo
- Department of Genetics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis Tennessee 38105, USA.
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28
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Covalent TCR-peptide-MHC interactions induce T cell activation and redirect T cell fate in the thymus. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4951. [PMID: 35999236 PMCID: PMC9399087 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32692-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between a T cell receptor (TCR) and a peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) ligand are typically mediated by noncovalent bonds. By studying T cells expressing natural or engineered TCRs, here we describe covalent TCR-pMHC interactions that involve a cysteine-cysteine disulfide bond between the TCR and the peptide. By introducing cysteines into a known TCR-pMHC combination, we demonstrate that disulfide bond formation does not require structural rearrangement of the TCR or the peptide. We further show these disulfide bonds still form even when the initial affinity of the TCR-pMHC interaction is low. Accordingly, TCR-peptide disulfide bonds facilitate T cell activation by pMHC ligands with a wide spectrum of affinities for the TCR. Physiologically, this mechanism induces strong Zap70-dependent TCR signaling, which triggers T cell deletion or agonist selection in the thymus cortex. Covalent TCR-pMHC interactions may thus underlie a physiological T cell activation mechanism that has applications in basic immunology and potentially in immunotherapy. Differentiation and activation of T cells are normally modulated by non-covalent interactions between T cell receptor (TCR) and antigenic peptides. Here the authors use step-wise mutations, biochemical characterization and structural insights to describe the contributions of natural covalent bonds between TCR and antigenic peptides during these processes.
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29
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Radtke D, Thuma N, Schülein C, Kirchner P, Ekici AB, Schober K, Voehringer D. Th2 single-cell heterogeneity and clonal distribution at distant sites in helminth-infected mice. eLife 2022; 11:74183. [PMID: 35950748 PMCID: PMC9391044 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Th2 cells provide effector functions in type 2 immune responses to helminths and allergens. Despite knowledge about molecular mechanisms of Th2 cell differentiation, there is little information on Th2 cell heterogeneity and clonal distribution between organs. To address this, we performed combined single-cell transcriptome and T-cell receptor (TCR) clonotype analysis on murine Th2 cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and lung after infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nb) as a human hookworm infection model. We find organ-specific expression profiles, but also populations with conserved migration or effector/resident memory signatures that unexpectedly cluster with potentially regulatory Il10posFoxp3neg cells. A substantial MLN subpopulation with an interferon response signature suggests a role for interferon signaling in Th2 differentiation or diversification. Further RNA-inferred developmental directions indicate proliferation as a hub for differentiation decisions. Although the TCR repertoire is highly heterogeneous, we identified expanded clones and CDR3 motifs. Clonal relatedness between distant organs confirmed effective exchange of Th2 effector cells, although locally expanded clones dominated the response. We further cloned an Nb-specific TCR from an expanded clone in the lung effector cluster and describe surface markers that distinguish transcriptionally defined clusters. These results provide insights in Th2 cell subset diversity and clonal relatedness in distant organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Radtke
- Department of Infection Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Natalie Thuma
- Department of Infection Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christine Schülein
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Kirchner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arif B Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kilian Schober
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - David Voehringer
- Department of Infection Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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30
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Thompson PK, Chen EL, de Pooter RF, Frelin C, Vogel WK, Lee CR, Venables T, Shah DK, Iscove NN, Leid M, Anderson MK, Zúñiga-Pflücker JC. Realization of the T Lineage Program Involves GATA-3 Induction of Bcl11b and Repression of Cdkn2b Expression. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:77-92. [PMID: 35705252 PMCID: PMC9248976 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The zinc-finger transcription factor GATA-3 plays a crucial role during early T cell development and also dictates later T cell differentiation outcomes. However, its role and collaboration with the Notch signaling pathway in the induction of T lineage specification and commitment have not been fully elucidated. We show that GATA-3 deficiency in mouse hematopoietic progenitors results in an early block in T cell development despite the presence of Notch signals, with a failure to upregulate Bcl11b expression, leading to a diversion along a myeloid, but not a B cell, lineage fate. GATA-3 deficiency in the presence of Notch signaling results in the apoptosis of early T lineage cells, as seen with inhibition of CDK4/6 (cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6) function, and dysregulated cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2b (Cdkn2b) expression. We also show that GATA-3 induces Bcl11b, and together with Bcl11b represses Cdkn2b expression; however, loss of Cdkn2b failed to rescue the developmental block of GATA-3-deficient T cell progenitor. Our findings provide a signaling and transcriptional network by which the T lineage program in response to Notch signals is realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja K. Thompson
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON;,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
| | - Edward L.Y. Chen
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON;,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
| | - Renée F. de Pooter
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON;,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
| | - Catherine Frelin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON
| | - Walter K. Vogel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | | | | | - Divya K. Shah
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON;,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
| | - Norman N. Iscove
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON;,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON
| | - Mark Leid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Michele K. Anderson
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON;,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
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31
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Tomaz D, Pereira PM, Guerra N, Dyson J, Gould K, Henriques R. Nanoscale Colocalization of NK Cell Activating and Inhibitory Receptors Controls Signal Integration. Front Immunol 2022; 13:868496. [PMID: 35720315 PMCID: PMC9198454 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.868496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell responses depend on the balance of signals from inhibitory and activating receptors. However, how the integration of antagonistic signals occurs upon NK cell-target cell interaction is not fully understood. Here we provide evidence that NK cell inhibition via the inhibitory receptor Ly49A is dependent on its relative colocalization at the nanometer scale with the activating receptor NKG2D upon immune synapse (IS) formation. NKG2D and Ly49A signal integration and colocalization were studied using NKG2D-GFP and Ly49A-RFP-expressing primary NK cells, forming ISs with NIH3T3 target cells, with or without the expression of single-chain trimer (SCT) H2-Dd and an extended form of SCT H2-Dd-CD4 MHC-I molecules. Nanoscale colocalization was assessed by Förster resonance energy transfer between NKG2D-GFP and Ly49A-RFP and measured for each synapse. In the presence of their respective cognate ligands, NKG2D and Ly49A colocalize at the nanometer scale, leading to NK cell inhibition. However, increasing the size of the Ly49A ligand reduced the nanoscale colocalization with NKG2D, consequently impairing Ly49A-mediated inhibition. Thus, our data shows that NK cell signal integration is critically dependent on the dimensions of NK cell ligand-receptor pairs by affecting their relative nanometer-scale colocalization at the IS. Our results together suggest that the balance of NK cell signals and NK cell responses is determined by the relative nanoscale colocalization of activating and inhibitory receptors in the immune synapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tomaz
- Department of Immunology, Wright-Fleming Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Immunology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro Matos Pereira
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Bacterial Cell Biology, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Nadia Guerra
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Dyson
- Department of Immunology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Gould
- Department of Immunology, Wright-Fleming Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo Henriques
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Optical Cell Biology Lab, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
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A cardioimmunologist's toolkit: genetic tools to dissect immune cells in cardiac disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:395-413. [PMID: 35523863 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00701-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardioimmunology is a field that encompasses the immune cells and pathways that modulate cardiac function in homeostasis and regulate the temporal balance between tissue injury and repair in disease. Over the past two decades, genetic fate mapping and high-dimensional sequencing techniques have defined increasing functional heterogeneity of innate and adaptive immune cell populations in the heart and other organs, revealing a complexity not previously appreciated and challenging established frameworks for the immune system. Given these rapid advances, understanding how to use these tools has become crucial. However, cardiovascular biologists without immunological expertise might not be aware of the strengths and caveats of immune-related tools and how they can be applied to examine the pathogenesis of myocardial diseases. In this Review, we guide readers through case-based examples to demonstrate how tool selection can affect data quality and interpretation and we provide critical analysis of the experimental tools that are currently available, focusing on their use in models of ischaemic heart injury and heart failure. The goal is to increase the use of relevant immunological tools and strategies among cardiovascular researchers to improve the precision, translatability and consistency of future studies of immune cells in cardiac disease.
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Ceglia V, Zurawski S, Montes M, Kroll M, Bouteau A, Wang Z, Ellis J, Igyártó BZ, Lévy Y, Zurawski G. Anti-CD40 Antibody Fused to CD40 Ligand Is a Superagonist Platform for Adjuvant Intrinsic DC-Targeting Vaccines. Front Immunol 2022; 12:786144. [PMID: 35095862 PMCID: PMC8792972 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.786144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD40 is a potent activating receptor expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) of the immune system. CD40 regulates many aspects of B and T cell immunity via interaction with CD40L expressed on activated T cells. Targeting antigens to CD40 via agonistic anti-CD40 antibody fusions promotes both humoral and cellular immunity, but current anti-CD40 antibody-antigen vaccine prototypes require co-adjuvant administration for significant in vivo efficacy. This may be a consequence of dulling of anti-CD40 agonist activity via antigen fusion. We previously demonstrated that direct fusion of CD40L to anti-CD40 antibodies confers superagonist properties. Here we show that anti-CD40-CD40L-antigen fusion constructs retain strong agonist activity, particularly for activation of dendritic cells (DCs). Therefore, we tested anti-CD40-CD40L antibody fused to antigens for eliciting immune responses in vitro and in vivo. In PBMC cultures from HIV-1-infected donors, anti-CD40-CD40L fused to HIV-1 antigens preferentially expanded HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells versus CD4+ T cells compared to analogous anti-CD40-antigen constructs. In normal donors, anti-CD40-CD40L-mediated delivery of Influenza M1 protein elicited M1-specific T cell expansion at lower doses compared to anti-CD40-mediated delivery. Also, on human myeloid-derived dendritic cells, anti-CD40-CD40L-melanoma gp100 peptide induced more sustained Class I antigen presentation compared to anti-CD40-gp100 peptide. In human CD40 transgenic mice, anti-CD40-CD40L-HIV-1 gp140 administered without adjuvant elicited superior antibody responses compared to anti-CD40-gp140 antigen without fused CD40L. In human CD40 mice, compared to the anti-CD40 vehicle, anti-CD40-CD40L delivery of Eα 52-68 peptide elicited proliferating of TCR I-Eα 52-68 CD4+ T cells producing cytokine IFNγ. Also, compared to controls, only anti-CD40-CD40L-Cyclin D1 vaccination of human CD40 mice reduced implanted EO771.LMB breast tumor cell growth. These data demonstrate that human CD40-CD40L antibody fused to antigens maintains highly agonistic activity and generates immune responses distinct from existing low agonist anti-CD40 targeting formats. These advantages were in vitro skewing responses towards CD8+ T cells, increased efficacy at low doses, and longevity of MHC Class I peptide display; and in mouse models, a more robust humoral response, more activated CD4+ T cells, and control of tumor growth. Thus, the anti-CD40-CD40L format offers an alternate DC-targeting platform with unique properties, including intrinsic adjuvant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Ceglia
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, United States
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, Créteil, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, The Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Sandra Zurawski
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, United States
- Vaccine Research Institute, The Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Monica Montes
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, United States
- Vaccine Research Institute, The Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Mitchell Kroll
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, United States
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Aurélie Bouteau
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Zhiqing Wang
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, United States
- Vaccine Research Institute, The Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Jerome Ellis
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, United States
- Vaccine Research Institute, The Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Botond Z. Igyártó
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yves Lévy
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, Créteil, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, The Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Gerard Zurawski
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, United States
- Vaccine Research Institute, The Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
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Seneviratna R, Redmond SJ, McWilliam HE, Reantragoon R, Villadangos JA, McCluskey J, Godfrey DI, Gherardin NA. Differential antigenic requirements by diverse MR1-restricted T cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2021; 100:112-126. [PMID: 34940995 PMCID: PMC9033883 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
MHC-related protein 1 (MR1) presents microbial riboflavin metabolites to mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells for surveillance of microbial presence. MAIT cells express a semi-invariant T cell receptor (TCR) which recognises MR1-antigen complexes in a pattern-recognition-like manner. Recently, diverse populations of MR1-restricted T cells have been described that exhibit broad recognition of tumour cells and appear to recognise MR1 in association with tumour-derived self-antigens, though the identity of these antigens remains unclear. Here, we have used TCR gene transfer and engineered MR1-expressing antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to probe the MR1-restriction and antigen reactivity of a range of MR1-restricted TCRs, including model tumour-reactive TCRs. We confirm MR1 reactivity by these TCRs, show differential dependence on lysine at position 43 of MR1 (K43), and demonstrate competitive inhibition by MR1 ligand 6-formylpterin (6-FP). TCR-expressing reporter lines, however, failed to recapitulate the robust tumour specificity previously reported, suggesting an importance of accessory molecules for MR1-dependent tumour-reactivity. Finally, MR1-mutant cell lines showed that distinct residues on the α1/α2 helices were required for TCR-binding by different MR1-restricted T cells and suggested central but distinct docking modes by the broad family of MR1-restrictd αβ TCRs. Collectively, these data are consistent with recognition of distinct antigens by diverse MR1-restricted T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Seneviratna
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Samuel J Redmond
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Hamish E McWilliam
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Rangsima Reantragoon
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.,Present address: Immunology Division, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Centre of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-mediated Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jose A Villadangos
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - James McCluskey
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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35
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Lefebvre MN, Surette FA, Anthony SM, Vijay R, Jensen IJ, Pewe LL, Hancox LS, Van Braeckel-Budimir N, van de Wall S, Urban SL, Mix MR, Kurup SP, Badovinac VP, Butler NS, Harty JT. Expeditious recruitment of circulating memory CD8 T cells to the liver facilitates control of malaria. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109956. [PMID: 34731605 PMCID: PMC8628427 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating memory CD8 T cell trafficking and protective capacity during liver-stage malaria infection remains undefined. We find that effector memory CD8 T cells (Tem) infiltrate the liver within 6 hours after malarial or bacterial infections and mediate pathogen clearance. Tem recruitment coincides with rapid transcriptional upregulation of inflammatory genes in Plasmodium-infected livers. Recruitment requires CD8 T cell-intrinsic LFA-1 expression and the presence of liver phagocytes. Rapid Tem liver infiltration is distinct from recruitment to other non-lymphoid tissues in that it occurs both in the absence of liver tissue resident memory "sensing-and-alarm" function and ∼42 hours earlier than in lung infection by influenza virus. These data demonstrate relevance for Tem in protection against malaria and provide generalizable mechanistic insights germane to control of liver infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell N Lefebvre
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Fionna A Surette
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Scott M Anthony
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Rahul Vijay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Isaac J Jensen
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Lecia L Pewe
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Lisa S Hancox
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | | | - Stephanie van de Wall
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Stina L Urban
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Madison R Mix
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Samarchith P Kurup
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Vladimir P Badovinac
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Noah S Butler
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - John T Harty
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA.
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TNK1 is a ubiquitin-binding and 14-3-3-regulated kinase that can be targeted to block tumor growth. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5337. [PMID: 34504101 PMCID: PMC8429728 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25622-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
TNK1 is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase with poorly understood biological function and regulation. Here, we identify TNK1 dependencies in primary human cancers. We also discover a MARK-mediated phosphorylation on TNK1 at S502 that promotes an interaction between TNK1 and 14-3-3, which sequesters TNK1 and inhibits its kinase activity. Conversely, the release of TNK1 from 14-3-3 allows TNK1 to cluster in ubiquitin-rich puncta and become active. Active TNK1 induces growth factor-independent proliferation of lymphoid cells in cell culture and mouse models. One unusual feature of TNK1 is a ubiquitin-association domain (UBA) on its C-terminus. Here, we characterize the TNK1 UBA, which has high affinity for poly-ubiquitin. Point mutations that disrupt ubiquitin binding inhibit TNK1 activity. These data suggest a mechanism in which TNK1 toggles between 14-3-3-bound (inactive) and ubiquitin-bound (active) states. Finally, we identify a TNK1 inhibitor, TP-5801, which shows nanomolar potency against TNK1-transformed cells and suppresses tumor growth in vivo.
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Milburn JV, Hoog AM, Winkler S, van Dongen KA, Leitner J, Patzl M, Saalmüller A, de Luca K, Steinberger P, Mair KH, Gerner W. Expression of CD9 on porcine lymphocytes and its relation to T cell differentiation and cytokine production. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 121:104080. [PMID: 33781781 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report on two novel monoclonal antibodies, specific for porcine CD9. CD9 is a tetraspanin that is expressed on a wide variety of cells. We phenotyped porcine immune cell subsets and found that CD9 was expressed on all monocytes as well as a subset of B cells. CD9 was variably expressed on T cells, with CD4 T cells containing the highest frequency of CD9+ cells. CD9 expression positively correlated with the frequency of central memory CD4 T cells in ex vivo PBMC. Therefore, we proceeded to explore CD9 as a marker of T cell function. Here we observed that CD9 was expressed on the vast majority of long-lived influenza A virus-specific effector cells that retained the capacity for cytokine production in response to in vitro recall antigen. Therefore, the new antibodies enable the detection of a cell surface molecule with functional relevance to T cells. Considering the importance of CD9 in membrane remodelling across many cell types, they will also benefit the wider field of swine biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemma V Milburn
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Optimized Prediction of Vaccination Success in Pigs, Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna M Hoog
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simona Winkler
- University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katinka A van Dongen
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Optimized Prediction of Vaccination Success in Pigs, Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith Leitner
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Patzl
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Armin Saalmüller
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karelle de Luca
- Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Global Innovation, Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, Lyon, France
| | - Peter Steinberger
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Kerstin H Mair
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Optimized Prediction of Vaccination Success in Pigs, Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilhelm Gerner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Optimized Prediction of Vaccination Success in Pigs, Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
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38
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Mahadevan NR, Knelson EH, Wolff JO, Vajdi A, Saigí M, Campisi M, Hong D, Thai TC, Piel B, Han S, Reinhold BB, Duke-Cohan JS, Poitras MJ, Taus LJ, Lizotte PH, Portell A, Quadros V, Santucci AD, Murayama T, Cañadas I, Kitajima S, Akitsu A, Fridrikh M, Watanabe H, Reardon B, Gokhale PC, Paweletz CP, Awad MM, Van Allen EM, Lako A, Wang XT, Chen B, Hong F, Sholl LM, Tolstorukov MY, Pfaff K, Jänne PA, Gjini E, Edwards R, Rodig S, Reinherz EL, Oser MG, Barbie DA. Intrinsic Immunogenicity of Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Revealed by Its Cellular Plasticity. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:1952-1969. [PMID: 33707236 PMCID: PMC8338750 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-0913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is highly mutated, yet durable response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is rare. SCLC also exhibits cellular plasticity, which could influence its immunobiology. Here we discover that a distinct subset of SCLC uniquely upregulates MHC I, enriching for durable ICB benefit. In vitro modeling confirms epigenetic recovery of MHC I in SCLC following loss of neuroendocrine differentiation, which tracks with derepression of STING. Transient EZH2 inhibition expands these nonneuroendocrine cells, which display intrinsic innate immune signaling and basally restored antigen presentation. Consistent with these findings, murine nonneuroendocrine SCLC tumors are rejected in a syngeneic model, with clonal expansion of immunodominant effector CD8 T cells. Therapeutically, EZH2 inhibition followed by STING agonism enhances T-cell recognition and rejection of SCLC in mice. Together, these data identify MHC I as a novel biomarker of SCLC immune responsiveness and suggest novel immunotherapeutic approaches to co-opt SCLC's intrinsic immunogenicity. SIGNIFICANCE: SCLC is poorly immunogenic, displaying modest ICB responsiveness with rare durable activity. In profiling its plasticity, we uncover intrinsically immunogenic MHC Ihi subpopulations of nonneuroendocrine SCLC associated with durable ICB benefit. We also find that combined EZH2 inhibition and STING agonism uncovers this cell state, priming cells for immune rejection.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1861.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin R Mahadevan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Erik H Knelson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jacquelyn O Wolff
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amir Vajdi
- Department of Informatics and Analytics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Saigí
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marco Campisi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Deli Hong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tran C Thai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brandon Piel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Saemi Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce B Reinhold
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan S Duke-Cohan
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael J Poitras
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Experimental Therapeutics Core, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Luke J Taus
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Patrick H Lizotte
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew Portell
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Victor Quadros
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alison D Santucci
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Takahiko Murayama
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Israel Cañadas
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shunsuke Kitajima
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Cell Biology, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aoi Akitsu
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maya Fridrikh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Hideo Watanabe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Brendan Reardon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Prafulla C Gokhale
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Experimental Therapeutics Core, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cloud P Paweletz
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark M Awad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eliezer M Van Allen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ana Lako
- Translational Pathology, Bristol Myers Squibb, Trenton, New Jersey
| | - Xi-Tao Wang
- Translational Pathology, Bristol Myers Squibb, Trenton, New Jersey
| | - Benjamin Chen
- Translational Pathology, Bristol Myers Squibb, Trenton, New Jersey
| | - Fangxin Hong
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lynette M Sholl
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Y Tolstorukov
- Department of Informatics and Analytics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kathleen Pfaff
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Evisa Gjini
- Translational Pathology, Bristol Myers Squibb, Trenton, New Jersey
| | - Robin Edwards
- Translational Pathology, Bristol Myers Squibb, Trenton, New Jersey
| | - Scott Rodig
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ellis L Reinherz
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew G Oser
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - David A Barbie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
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39
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Gherardin NA, Redmond SJ, McWilliam HEG, Almeida CF, Gourley KHA, Seneviratna R, Li S, De Rose R, Ross FJ, Nguyen-Robertson CV, Su S, Ritchie ME, Villadangos JA, Moody DB, Pellicci DG, Uldrich AP, Godfrey DI. CD36 family members are TCR-independent ligands for CD1 antigen-presenting molecules. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:6/60/eabg4176. [PMID: 34172588 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abg4176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CD1c presents lipid-based antigens to CD1c-restricted T cells, which are thought to be a major component of the human T cell pool. However, the study of CD1c-restricted T cells is hampered by the presence of an abundantly expressed, non-T cell receptor (TCR) ligand for CD1c on blood cells, confounding analysis of TCR-mediated CD1c tetramer staining. Here, we identified the CD36 family (CD36, SR-B1, and LIMP-2) as ligands for CD1c, CD1b, and CD1d proteins and showed that CD36 is the receptor responsible for non-TCR-mediated CD1c tetramer staining of blood cells. Moreover, CD36 blockade clarified tetramer-based identification of CD1c-restricted T cells and improved identification of CD1b- and CD1d-restricted T cells. We used this technique to characterize CD1c-restricted T cells ex vivo and showed diverse phenotypic features, TCR repertoire, and antigen-specific subsets. Accordingly, this work will enable further studies into the biology of CD1 and human CD1-restricted T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. .,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Samuel J Redmond
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Hamish E G McWilliam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Catarina F Almeida
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Katherine H A Gourley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Rebecca Seneviratna
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Shihan Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Robert De Rose
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Fiona J Ross
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Catriona V Nguyen-Robertson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Shian Su
- Epigenetics and Development Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3053, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Matthew E Ritchie
- Epigenetics and Development Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3053, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jose A Villadangos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - D Branch Moody
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity, and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel G Pellicci
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Adam P Uldrich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia. .,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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40
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Zareie P, Szeto C, Farenc C, Gunasinghe SD, Kolawole EM, Nguyen A, Blyth C, Sng XYX, Li J, Jones CM, Fulcher AJ, Jacobs JR, Wei Q, Wojciech L, Petersen J, Gascoigne NRJ, Evavold BD, Gaus K, Gras S, Rossjohn J, La Gruta NL. Canonical T cell receptor docking on peptide-MHC is essential for T cell signaling. Science 2021; 372:372/6546/eabe9124. [PMID: 34083463 DOI: 10.1126/science.abe9124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR) recognition of peptide-major histocompatibility complexes (pMHCs) is characterized by a highly conserved docking polarity. Whether this polarity is driven by recognition or signaling constraints remains unclear. Using "reversed-docking" TCRβ-variable (TRBV) 17+ TCRs from the naïve mouse CD8+ T cell repertoire that recognizes the H-2Db-NP366 epitope, we demonstrate that their inability to support T cell activation and in vivo recruitment is a direct consequence of reversed docking polarity and not TCR-pMHCI binding or clustering characteristics. Canonical TCR-pMHCI docking optimally localizes CD8/Lck to the CD3 complex, which is prevented by reversed TCR-pMHCI polarity. The requirement for canonical docking was circumvented by dissociating Lck from CD8. Thus, the consensus TCR-pMHC docking topology is mandated by T cell signaling constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pirooz Zareie
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher Szeto
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carine Farenc
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sachith D Gunasinghe
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Australia Node in Single Molecule Science and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth M Kolawole
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Angela Nguyen
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chantelle Blyth
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xavier Y X Sng
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jasmine Li
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Claerwen M Jones
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex J Fulcher
- Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jesica R Jacobs
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Qianru Wei
- Immunology Translational Research Programme and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545
| | - Lukasz Wojciech
- Immunology Translational Research Programme and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545
| | - Jan Petersen
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas R J Gascoigne
- Immunology Translational Research Programme and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545
| | - Brian D Evavold
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Katharina Gaus
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Australia Node in Single Molecule Science and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephanie Gras
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. .,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. .,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Nicole L La Gruta
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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41
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Building a Vietnamese question answering system based on knowledge graph and distributed CNN. Neural Comput Appl 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00521-021-06126-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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42
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Falta MT, Crawford JC, Tinega AN, Landry LG, Crawford F, Mack DG, Martin AK, Atif SM, Li L, Santos RG, Nakayama M, Kappler JW, Maier LA, Thomas PG, Pinilla C, Fontenot AP. Beryllium-specific CD4+ T cells induced by chemokine neoantigens perpetuate inflammation. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:144864. [PMID: 33630763 PMCID: PMC8087207 DOI: 10.1172/jci144864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovering dominant epitopes for T cells, particularly CD4+ T cells, in human immune-mediated diseases remains a significant challenge. Here, we used bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells from HLA-DP2-expressing patients with chronic beryllium disease (CBD), a debilitating granulomatous lung disorder characterized by accumulations of beryllium-specific (Be-specific) CD4+ T cells in the lung. We discovered lung-resident CD4+ T cells that expressed a disease-specific public CDR3β T cell receptor motif and were specific to Be-modified self-peptides derived from C-C motif ligand 4 (CCL4) and CCL3. HLA-DP2-CCL/Be tetramer staining confirmed that these chemokine-derived peptides represented major antigenic targets in CBD. Furthermore, Be induced CCL3 and CCL4 secretion in the lungs of mice and humans. In a murine model of CBD, the addition of LPS to Be oxide exposure enhanced CCL4 and CCL3 secretion in the lung and significantly increased the number and percentage of CD4+ T cells specific for the HLA-DP2-CCL/Be epitope. Thus, we demonstrate a direct link between Be-induced innate production of chemokines and the development of a robust adaptive immune response to those same chemokines presented as Be-modified self-peptides, creating a cycle of innate and adaptive immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T. Falta
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jeremy C. Crawford
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alex N. Tinega
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Laurie G. Landry
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Douglas G. Mack
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Allison K. Martin
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Shaikh M. Atif
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Li Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Radleigh G. Santos
- Department of Mathematics, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Maki Nakayama
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - John W. Kappler
- Department of Biomedical Research and
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Lisa A. Maier
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Paul G. Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Andrew P. Fontenot
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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43
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Joshi HR, Hill HR, Asch J, Margraf RL, Coonrod E, Durtschi J, Zhou Q, He X, Voelkerding KV, Kumánovics A. CXXC5 variant in an immunodeficient patient with a progressive loss of hematopoietic cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 147:1504-1507.e8. [PMID: 33075407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hemant R Joshi
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Harry R Hill
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
| | - Julie Asch
- Intermountain Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Rebecca L Margraf
- ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Emily Coonrod
- ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jacob Durtschi
- ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Karl V Voelkerding
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Attila Kumánovics
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah
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44
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McSharry BP, Samer C, McWilliam HEG, Ashley CL, Yee MB, Steain M, Liu L, Fairlie DP, Kinchington PR, McCluskey J, Abendroth A, Villadangos JA, Rossjohn J, Slobedman B. Virus-Mediated Suppression of the Antigen Presentation Molecule MR1. Cell Rep 2021; 30:2948-2962.e4. [PMID: 32130899 PMCID: PMC7798347 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The antigen-presenting molecule MR1 presents microbial metabolites related to vitamin B2 biosynthesis to mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT cells). Although bacteria and fungi drive the MR1 biosynthesis pathway, viruses have not previously been implicated in MR1 expression or its antigen presentation. We demonstrate that several herpesviruses inhibit MR1 cell surface upregulation, including a potent inhibition by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). This virus profoundly suppresses MR1 cell surface expression and targets the molecule for proteasomal degradation, whereas ligand-induced cell surface expression of MR1 prior to infection enables MR1 to escape HSV-1-dependent targeting. HSV-1 downregulation of MR1 is dependent on de novo viral gene expression, and we identify the Us3 viral gene product as functioning to target MR1. Furthermore, HSV-1 downregulation of MR1 disrupts MAIT T cell receptor (TCR) activation. Accordingly, virus-mediated targeting of MR1 defines an immunomodulatory strategy that functionally disrupts the MR1-MAIT TCR axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P McSharry
- Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Carolyn Samer
- Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hamish E G McWilliam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Caroline L Ashley
- Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael B Yee
- Departments of Ophthalmology and of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Megan Steain
- Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ligong Liu
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David P Fairlie
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Paul R Kinchington
- Departments of Ophthalmology and of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - James McCluskey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Allison Abendroth
- Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jose A Villadangos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Wales, UK
| | - Barry Slobedman
- Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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45
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Gherardin NA, Waldeck K, Caneborg A, Martelotto LG, Balachander S, Zethoven M, Petrone PM, Pattison A, Wilmott JS, Quiñones-Parra SM, Rossello F, Posner A, Wong A, Weppler AM, Shannon KF, Hong A, Ferguson PM, Jakrot V, Raleigh J, Hatzimihalis A, Neeson PJ, Deleso P, Johnston M, Chua M, Becker JC, Sandhu S, McArthur GA, Gill AJ, Scolyer RA, Hicks RJ, Godfrey DI, Tothill RW. γδ T Cells in Merkel Cell Carcinomas Have a Proinflammatory Profile Prognostic of Patient Survival. Cancer Immunol Res 2021; 9:612-623. [PMID: 33674358 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-20-0817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinomas (MCC) are immunogenic skin cancers associated with viral infection or UV mutagenesis. To study T-cell infiltrates in MCC, we analyzed 58 MCC lesions from 39 patients using multiplex-IHC/immunofluorescence (m-IHC/IF). CD4+ or CD8+ T cells comprised the majority of infiltrating T lymphocytes in most tumors. However, almost half of the tumors harbored prominent CD4/CD8 double-negative (DN) T-cell infiltrates (>20% DN T cells), and in 12% of cases, DN T cells represented the majority of T cells. Flow cytometric analysis of single-cell suspensions from fresh tumors identified DN T cells as predominantly Vδ2- γδ T cells. In the context of γδ T-cell inflammation, these cells expressed PD-1 and LAG3, which is consistent with a suppressed or exhausted phenotype, and CD103, which indicates tissue residency. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) identified a transcriptional profile of γδ T cells suggestive of proinflammatory potential. T-cell receptor (TCR) analysis confirmed clonal expansion of Vδ1 and Vδ3 clonotypes, and functional studies using cloned γδ TCRs demonstrated restriction of these for CD1c and MR1 antigen-presenting molecules. On the basis of a 13-gene γδ T-cell signature derived from scRNA-seq analysis, gene-set enrichment on bulk RNA-seq data showed a positive correlation between enrichment scores and DN T-cell infiltrates. An improved disease-specific survival was evident for patients with high enrichment scores, and complete responses to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment were observed in three of four cases with high enrichment scores. Thus, γδ T-cell infiltration may serve as a prognostic biomarker and should be explored for therapeutic interventions.See related Spotlight on p. 600.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kelly Waldeck
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex Caneborg
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luciano G Martelotto
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shiva Balachander
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Magnus Zethoven
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pasquale M Petrone
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Pattison
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - James S Wilmott
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sergio M Quiñones-Parra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fernando Rossello
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Atara Posner
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Annie Wong
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison M Weppler
- Medical Oncology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kerwin F Shannon
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Angela Hong
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter M Ferguson
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Valerie Jakrot
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeanette Raleigh
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Athena Hatzimihalis
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul J Neeson
- Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paolo Deleso
- Radiation Oncology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Meredith Johnston
- Radiation Oncology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Margaret Chua
- Radiation Oncology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Juergen C Becker
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Translational Skin Cancer Research, University Medicine Essen, Essen and DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shahneen Sandhu
- Medical Oncology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Grant A McArthur
- Medical Oncology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony J Gill
- Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, Kolling Institute of Medical, Research and The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,New South Wales Health Pathology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rodney J Hicks
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Cancer Imaging Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard W Tothill
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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46
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Boddul SV, Sharma RK, Dubnovitsky A, Raposo B, Gerstner C, Shen Y, Iyer VS, Kasza Z, Kwok WW, Winkler AR, Klareskog L, Malmström V, Bettini M, Wermeling F. In vitro and ex vitro functional characterization of human HLA-DRB1∗04 restricted T cell receptors. J Transl Autoimmun 2021; 4:100087. [PMID: 33768201 PMCID: PMC7980064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2021.100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in single-cell sequencing technologies enable the generation of large-scale data sets of paired TCR sequences from patients with autoimmune disease. Methods to validate and characterize patient-derived TCR data are needed, as well as relevant model systems that can support the development of antigen-specific tolerance inducing drugs. We have generated a pipeline to allow streamlined generation of 'artificial' T cells in a robust and reasonably high throughput manner for in vitro and in vivo studies of antigen-specific and patient-derived immune responses. Hereby chimeric (mouse-human) TCR alpha and beta constructs are re-expressed in three different formats for further studies: (i) transiently in HEK cells for peptide-HLA tetramer validation experiments, (ii) stably in the TCR-negative 58 T cell line for functional readouts such as IL-2 production and NFAT-signaling, and lastly (iii) in human HLA-transgenic mice for studies of autoimmune disease and therapeutic interventions. As a proof of concept, we have used human HLA-DRB1∗04:01 restricted TCR sequences specific for a type I diabetes-associated GAD peptide, and an influenza-derived HA peptide. We show that the same chimeric TCR constructs can be used in each of the described assays facilitating sequential validation and prioritization steps leading to humanized animal models.
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Key Words
- APC, antigen presenting cells
- BM, bone marrow
- Ca2+, calcium
- Cell lines
- GAD, glutamic acid decarboxylase
- GFP, green fluorescent protein
- GWAS, Genome-wide association studies
- HA, Influenza hemagglutinin
- HLA
- HLA, Human leukocyte antigen
- HSCs, hematopoietic stem cells
- Humanized animal models
- MHC, major histocompatibility complex
- NFAT, Nuclear factor of activated T-cells
- RA, Rheumatoid arthritis
- RAG, Recombination-activating genes
- T1D, Type-1 diabetes
- TCR
- TCR, T cell receptor
- TCRa, TCR alpha
- TCRb, TCR beta
- TMR, HLA tetramer
- Tolerance
- hCD4, human CD4
- hTCR, human TCR
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjaykumar V Boddul
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ravi Kumar Sharma
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anatoly Dubnovitsky
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bruno Raposo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Gerstner
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yunbing Shen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vaishnavi Srinivasan Iyer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Zsolt Kasza
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - William W Kwok
- Translational Research Program, BRI at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Aaron R Winkler
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lars Klareskog
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vivianne Malmström
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Bettini
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Fredrik Wermeling
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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47
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Khatun A, Kasmani MY, Zander R, Schauder DM, Snook JP, Shen J, Wu X, Burns R, Chen YG, Lin CW, Williams MA, Cui W. Single-cell lineage mapping of a diverse virus-specific naive CD4 T cell repertoire. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20200650. [PMID: 33201171 PMCID: PMC7676493 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20200650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tracking how individual naive T cells from a natural TCR repertoire clonally expand, differentiate, and make lineage choices in response to an infection has not previously been possible. Here, using single-cell sequencing technology to identify clones by their unique TCR sequences, we were able to trace the clonal expansion, differentiation trajectory, and lineage commitment of individual virus-specific CD4 T cells during an acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection. Notably, we found previously unappreciated clonal diversity and cellular heterogeneity among virus-specific helper T cells. Interestingly, although most naive CD4 T cells gave rise to multiple lineages at the clonal level, ∼28% of naive cells exhibited a preferred lineage choice toward either Th1 or TFH cells. Mechanistically, we found that TCR structure, in particular the CDR3 motif of the TCR α chain, skewed lineage decisions toward the TFH cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achia Khatun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Moujtaba Y. Kasmani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Ryan Zander
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - David M. Schauder
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Jeremy P. Snook
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Xiaopeng Wu
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Robert Burns
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Yi-Guang Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Max McGee National Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Chien-Wei Lin
- Institute for Health and Equity, Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Matthew A. Williams
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Weiguo Cui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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48
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Johnson DK, Magoffin W, Myers SJ, Finnell JG, Hancock JC, Orton TS, Persaud SP, Christensen KA, Weber KS. CD4 Inhibits Helper T Cell Activation at Lower Affinity Threshold for Full-Length T Cell Receptors Than Single Chain Signaling Constructs. Front Immunol 2021; 11:561889. [PMID: 33542711 PMCID: PMC7851051 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.561889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T cells are crucial for effective repression and elimination of cancer cells. Despite a paucity of CD4+ T cell receptor (TCR) clinical studies, CD4+ T cells are primed to become important therapeutics as they help circumvent tumor antigen escape and guide multifactorial immune responses. However, because CD8+ T cells directly kill tumor cells, most research has focused on the attributes of CD8+ TCRs. Less is known about how TCR affinity and CD4 expression affect CD4+ T cell activation in full length TCR (flTCR) and TCR single chain signaling (TCR-SCS) formats. Here, we generated an affinity panel of TCRs from CD4+ T cells and expressed them in flTCR and three TCR-SCS formats modeled after chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) to understand the contributions of TCR-pMHCII affinity, TCR format, and coreceptor CD4 interactions on CD4+ T cell activation. Strikingly, the coreceptor CD4 inhibited intermediate and high affinity TCR-construct activation by Lck-dependent and -independent mechanisms. These inhibition mechanisms had unique affinity thresholds dependent on the TCR format. Intracellular construct formats affected the tetramer staining for each TCR as well as IL-2 production. IL-2 production was promoted by increased TCR-pMHCII affinity and the flTCR format. Thus, CD4+ T cell therapy development should consider TCR affinity, CD4 expression, and construct format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah K Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Wyatt Magoffin
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Sheldon J Myers
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Jordan G Finnell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - John C Hancock
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Taylor S Orton
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Stephen P Persaud
- Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Kenneth A Christensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - K Scott Weber
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
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49
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Riether C, Radpour R, Kallen NM, Bürgin DT, Bachmann C, Schürch CM, Lüthi U, Arambasic M, Hoppe S, Albers CE, Baerlocher GM, Ochsenbein AF. Metoclopramide treatment blocks CD93-signaling-mediated self-renewal of chronic myeloid leukemia stem cells. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108663. [PMID: 33503440 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-renewal is a key characteristic of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) responsible for the development and maintenance of leukemia. In this study, we identify CD93 as an important regulator of self-renewal and proliferation of murine and human LSCs, but not hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The intracellular domain of CD93 promotes gene transcription via the transcriptional regulator SCY1-like pseudokinase 1 independently of ligation of the extracellular domain. In a drug library screen, we identify the anti-emetic agent metoclopramide as an efficient blocker of CD93 signaling. Metoclopramide treatment reduces murine and human LSCs in vitro and prolongs survival of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) mice through downregulation of pathways related to stemness and proliferation in LSCs. Overall, these results identify CD93 signaling as an LSC-specific regulator of self-renewal and proliferation and a targetable pathway to eliminate LSCs in CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Riether
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Ramin Radpour
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nils M Kallen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Damian T Bürgin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Bachmann
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School of Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian M Schürch
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ursina Lüthi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Miroslav Arambasic
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sven Hoppe
- Wirbelsäulenmedizin Bern, Hirslanden Salem-Spital, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph E Albers
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela M Baerlocher
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrian F Ochsenbein
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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50
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TCR Transgenic Mice: A Valuable Tool for Studying Viral Immunopathogenesis Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249690. [PMID: 33353154 PMCID: PMC7765986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infectious diseases are a significant burden on public health and the global economy, and new viral threats emerge continuously. Since CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses are essential to eliminating viruses, it is important to understand the underlying mechanisms of anti-viral T cell-mediated immunopathogenesis during viral infections. Remarkable progress in transgenic (Tg) techniques has enabled scientists to more readily understand the mechanisms of viral pathogenesis. T cell receptor (TCR) Tg mice are extremely useful in studying T cell-mediated immune responses because the majority of T cells in these mice express specific TCRs for partner antigens. In this review, we discuss the important studies utilizing TCR Tg mice to unveil underlying mechanisms of T cell-mediated immunopathogenesis during viral infections.
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