1
|
Solan ME, Park JA. Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) effects on lung health: a perspective on the current literature and future recommendations. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2024; 6:1423449. [PMID: 39092081 PMCID: PMC11291370 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1423449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a broad class of synthetic compounds widely used in commercial applications. The persistent nature of PFAS in the environment has earned them the epithet "forever chemicals." Concerns arise from widespread exposure to PFAS from occupational, household, and environmental sources. This widespread use of PFAS is particularly concerning, as emerging epidemiological evidence highlights their adverse effects on lung health. Such adverse impacts include impaired fetal lung development, reduced immune function in children, and potential links to lung cancer. Both in vivo and in vitro studies illuminate potential mechanisms underlying such adverse health outcomes subsequent to PFAS inhalation exposure, which may include immunomodulation, oxidative stress, and disruptions to epithelial barriers. However, evidence-based information focusing on the mechanisms of PFAS-mediated lung injury is lacking. Additionally, the discrepancies between data collected from animal and epidemiological studies highlight the need for improved approaches to better understand the toxicity results of PFAS exposure. To address these gaps, we recommend leveraging route-to-route extrapolation for risk assessment, prioritizing research on understudied PFAS, and adopting physiologically relevant, high-throughput approaches. These strategies are aimed at enhancing our understanding of PFAS inhalation effects, aiding in more informed risk management decisions. In this review, we summarize the current literature on PFAS exposure, emphasizing its adverse effects on lung health, particularly through inhalation. We then discuss the current knowledge on mechanisms underlying tissue- and cellular-level adverse outcomes caused by PFAS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jin-Ah Park
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Karakus U, Sempere Borau M, Martínez-Barragán P, von Kempis J, Yildiz S, Arroyo-Fernández LM, Pohl MO, Steiger JA, Glas I, Hunziker A, García-Sastre A, Stertz S. MHC class II proteins mediate sialic acid independent entry of human and avian H2N2 influenza A viruses. Nat Microbiol 2024:10.1038/s41564-024-01771-1. [PMID: 39009691 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01771-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAV) pose substantial burden on human and animal health. Avian, swine and human IAV bind sialic acid on host glycans as receptor, whereas some bat IAV require MHC class II complexes for cell entry. It is unknown how this difference evolved and whether dual receptor specificity is possible. Here we show that human H2N2 IAV and related avian H2N2 possess dual receptor specificity in cell lines and primary human airway cultures. Using sialylation-deficient cells, we reveal that entry via MHC class II is independent of sialic acid. We find that MHC class II from humans, pigs, ducks, swans and chickens but not bats can mediate H2 IAV entry and that this is conserved in Eurasian avian H2. Our results demonstrate that IAV can possess dual receptor specificity for sialic acid and MHC class II, and suggest a role for MHC class II-dependent entry in zoonotic IAV infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umut Karakus
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Soner Yildiz
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Marie O Pohl
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia A Steiger
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irina Glas
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annika Hunziker
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Silke Stertz
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Turner DL, Amoozadeh S, Baric H, Stanley E, Werder RB. Building a human lung from pluripotent stem cells to model respiratory viral infections. Respir Res 2024; 25:277. [PMID: 39010108 PMCID: PMC11251358 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02912-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
To protect against the constant threat of inhaled pathogens, the lung is equipped with cellular defenders. In coordination with resident and recruited immune cells, this defence is initiated by the airway and alveolar epithelium following their infection with respiratory viruses. Further support for viral clearance and infection resolution is provided by adjacent endothelial and stromal cells. However, even with these defence mechanisms, respiratory viral infections are a significant global health concern, causing substantial morbidity, socioeconomic losses, and mortality, underlining the need to develop effective vaccines and antiviral medications. In turn, the identification of new treatment options for respiratory infections is critically dependent on the availability of tractable in vitro experimental models that faithfully recapitulate key aspects of lung physiology. For such models to be informative, it is important these models incorporate human-derived, physiologically relevant versions of all cell types that normally form part of the lungs anti-viral response. This review proposes a guideline using human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to create all the disease-relevant cell types. iPSCs can be differentiated into lung epithelium, innate immune cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts at a large scale, recapitulating in vivo functions and providing genetic tractability. We advocate for building comprehensive iPSC-derived in vitro models of both proximal and distal lung regions to better understand and model respiratory infections, including interactions with chronic lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Declan L Turner
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
| | - Sahel Amoozadeh
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
| | - Hannah Baric
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
| | - Ed Stanley
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia
| | - Rhiannon B Werder
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, 3056, Australia.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia.
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW Melbourne, Melbourne, 3056, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Davis WJH, Drummond CJ, Diermeier S, Reid G. The Potential Links between lncRNAs and Drug Tolerance in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:906. [PMID: 39062685 PMCID: PMC11276205 DOI: 10.3390/genes15070906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer patients treated with targeted therapies frequently respond well but invariably relapse due to the development of drug resistance. Drug resistance is in part mediated by a subset of cancer cells termed "drug-tolerant persisters" (DTPs), which enter a dormant, slow-cycling state that enables them to survive drug exposure. DTPs also exhibit stem cell-like characteristics, broad epigenetic reprogramming, altered metabolism, and a mutagenic phenotype mediated by adaptive mutability. While several studies have characterised the transcriptional changes that lead to the altered phenotypes exhibited in DTPs, these studies have focused predominantly on protein coding changes. As long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are also implicated in the phenotypes altered in DTPs, it is likely that they play a role in the biology of drug tolerance. In this review, we outline how lncRNAs may contribute to the key characteristics of DTPs, their potential roles in tolerance to targeted therapies, and the emergence of genetic resistance in lung adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William J. H. Davis
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (W.J.H.D.); (C.J.D.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Catherine J. Drummond
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (W.J.H.D.); (C.J.D.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Diermeier
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
- Amaroq Therapeutics, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Glen Reid
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (W.J.H.D.); (C.J.D.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Berdnikovs S, Newcomb DC, McKernan KE, Kuehnle SN, Haruna NF, Gebretsadik T, McKennan C, Ma S, Cephus JY, Rosas-Salazar C, Anderson LJ, Gern JE, Hartert T. Single cell profiling to determine influence of wheeze and early-life viral infection on developmental programming of airway epithelium. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.08.602506. [PMID: 39026695 PMCID: PMC11257436 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.08.602506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Although childhood asthma is in part an airway epithelial disorder, the development of the airway epithelium in asthma is not understood. We sought to characterize airway epithelial developmental phenotypes in those with and without recurrent wheeze and the impact of infant infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Nasal airway epithelial cells (NAECs) were collected at age 2-3 years from an a priori designed nested birth cohort of children from four mutually exclusive groups of wheezers/non-wheezers and RSV-infected/uninfected in the first year of life. NAECs were cultured in air-liquid interface differentiation conditions followed by a combined analysis of single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and in vitro infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). NAECs from children with a wheeze phenotype were characterized by abnormal differentiation and basal cell activation of developmental pathways, plasticity in precursor differentiation and a delayed onset of maturation. NAECs from children with wheeze also had increased diversity of currently known RSV receptors and blunted anti-viral immune responses to in vitro infection. The most dramatic changes in differentiation of cultured epithelium were observed in NAECs derived from children that had both wheeze and RSV in the first year of life. Together this suggests that airway epithelium in children with wheeze is developmentally reprogrammed and characterized by increased barrier permeability, decreased antiviral response, and increased RSV receptors, which may predispose to and amplify the effects of RSV infection in infancy and susceptibility to other asthma risk factors that interact with the airway mucosa. SUMMARY Nasal airway epithelial cells from children with wheeze are characterized by altered development and increased susceptibility to RSV infection.
Collapse
|
6
|
Valenzuela AR, Turner M, Markarian N, Lachance-Brais C, Hanrahan J, Vali H, Vidal S, Mongeau L. Design, infectability, and transcriptomic analysis of transregionally differentiated and scalable lung organoids derived from adult bronchial cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.02.601655. [PMID: 39026877 PMCID: PMC11257428 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.02.601655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The lung is a primary target for many lethal respiratory viruses, leading to significant global mortality. Current organoid models fail to completely mimic the cellular diversity and intricate tubular and branching structures of the human lung. Lung organoids derived from adult primary cells have so far only included cells from the input cell region, proximal or distal. Existing models are expensive. They often require cells from invasive deep lung tissue biopsies. The present study aimed to address these limitations. The lung organoids obtained using an original protocol exhibited transregional differentiation and were derived from relatively more accessible primary cells from the trachea/bronchi. Immortal bronchial cell lines were also used to simplify organoid fabrication and improve its scalability. The lung organoids are formed starting from bronchial cells with fibroblasts feeder cells in an alginate hydrogel coated with base membrane zone proteins. Characterizations were performed using bulk RNA sequencing and tandem mass tags. The resulting organoids express markers of different lung regions and mimic to some extent the tubular and branching morphology of the lung. The proteomic profile of organoid from primary cells and from cell lines was found to evolve towards that of mature lung tissue. Upregulated genes were mostly related to the respiratory system, tube development, and various aspects of respiratory viral infections. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza H1N1 was successful and did not require organoid disassembly. The organoids matured within 21 days and did not require complex or expensive culture methods. Transregionally differentiated lung organoid may find applications for the study of emerging or re-emerging viral infections and fostering the development of novel in-vitro therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Reyes Valenzuela
- Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. H3A 2B4
- Department of Mechanical engineering. McGill University. Montreal, Canada. H3A 0C3
| | - Mark Turner
- Pharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Bureau of Gastroenterology, Infection and Viral Diseases, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9
| | - Nathan Markarian
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, H3A 0C7
- Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, H3G 0B1
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center and Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Production Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal. Montreal, Canada, J25 2MD
| | | | - John Hanrahan
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. H3G 1Y6
| | - Hojatollah Vali
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. H3A 0C7
| | - Silvia Vidal
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, H3A 0C7
- Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, H3G 0B1
| | - Luc Mongeau
- Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. H3A 2B4
- Department of Mechanical engineering. McGill University. Montreal, Canada. H3A 0C3
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nicolas E, Kosmider B, Cukierman E, Borghaei H, Golemis EA, Borriello L. Cancer treatments as paradoxical catalysts of tumor awakening in the lung. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024:10.1007/s10555-024-10196-5. [PMID: 38963567 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10196-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Much of the fatality of tumors is linked to the growth of metastases, which can emerge months to years after apparently successful treatment of primary tumors. Metastases arise from disseminated tumor cells (DTCs), which disperse through the body in a dormant state to seed distant sites. While some DTCs lodge in pre-metastatic niches (PMNs) and rapidly develop into metastases, other DTCs settle in distinct microenvironments that maintain them in a dormant state. Subsequent awakening, induced by changes in the microenvironment of the DTC, causes outgrowth of metastases. Hence, there has been extensive investigation of the factors causing survival and subsequent awakening of DTCs, with the goal of disrupting these processes to decrease cancer lethality. We here provide a detailed overview of recent developments in understanding of the factors controlling dormancy and awakening in the lung, a common site of metastasis for many solid tumors. These factors include dynamic interactions between DTCs and diverse epithelial, mesenchymal, and immune cell populations resident in the lung. Paradoxically, among key triggers for metastatic outgrowth, lung tissue remodeling arising from damage induced by the treatment of primary tumors play a significant role. In addition, growing evidence emphasizes roles for inflammation and aging in opposing the factors that maintain dormancy. Finally, we discuss strategies being developed or employed to reduce the risk of metastatic recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Nicolas
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Beata Kosmider
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 N Broad St., Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 N Broad St., Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Edna Cukierman
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Hossein Borghaei
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Erica A Golemis
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
- Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 N Broad St., Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Lucia Borriello
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
- Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 N Broad St., Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Song L, Li K, Chen H, Xie L. Cell Cross-Talk in Alveolar Microenvironment: From Lung Injury to Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024; 71:30-42. [PMID: 38579159 PMCID: PMC11225874 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0426tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveoli are complex microenvironments composed of various cell types, including epithelial, fibroblast, endothelial, and immune cells, which work together to maintain a delicate balance in the lung environment, ensuring proper growth, development, and an effective response to lung injuries. However, prolonged inflammation or aging can disrupt normal interactions among these cells, leading to impaired repair processes and a substantial decline in lung function. Therefore, it is essential to understand the key mechanisms underlying the interactions among the major cell types within the alveolar microenvironment. We explored the key mechanisms underlying the interactions among the major cell types within the alveolar microenvironment. These interactions occur through the secretion of signaling factors and play crucial roles in the response to injury, repair mechanisms, and the development of fibrosis in the lungs. Specifically, we focused on the regulation of alveolar type 2 cells by fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages. In addition, we explored the diverse phenotypes of fibroblasts at different stages of life and in response to lung injury, highlighting their impact on matrix production and immune functions. Furthermore, we summarize the various phenotypes of macrophages in lung injury and fibrosis as well as their intricate interplay with other cell types. This interplay can either contribute to the restoration of immune homeostasis in the alveoli or impede the repair process. Through a comprehensive exploration of these cell interactions, we aim to reveal new insights into the molecular mechanisms that drive lung injury toward fibrosis and identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Song
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 8th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; and
| | - Kuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huaiyong Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lixin Xie
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 8th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; and
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Y, Zhang J, Liu Y, Yue X, Han K, Kong Z, Dong Y, Yang Z, Fu Z, Tang C, Shi C, Zhao X, Han M, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Chen C, Li A, Sun P, Zhu D, Zhao K, Jiang X. Realveolarization with inhalable mucus-penetrating lipid nanoparticles for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis in mice. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado4791. [PMID: 38865465 PMCID: PMC11168475 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado4791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The stemness loss-associated dysregeneration of impaired alveolar type 2 epithelial (AT2) cells abolishes the reversible therapy of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We here report an inhalable mucus-penetrating lipid nanoparticle (LNP) for codelivering dual mRNAs, promoting realveolarization via restoring AT2 stemness for IPF treatment. Inhalable LNPs were first formulated with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and our in-house-made ionizable lipids for high-efficiency pulmonary mucus penetration and codelivery of dual messenger RNAs (mRNAs), encoding cytochrome b5 reductase 3 and bone morphogenetic protein 4, respectively. After being inhaled in a bleomycin model, LNPs reverses the mitochondrial dysfunction through ameliorating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis, which inhibits the accelerated senescence of AT2 cells. Concurrently, pathological epithelial remodeling and fibroblast activation induced by impaired AT2 cells are terminated, ultimately prompting alveolar regeneration. Our data demonstrated that the mRNA-LNP system exhibited high protein expression in lung epithelial cells, which markedly extricated the alveolar collapse and prolonged the survival of fibrosis mice, providing a clinically viable strategy against IPF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Ying Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Xiao Yue
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Kun Han
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Zhichao Kong
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Yuanmin Dong
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Zhenmei Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Zhipeng Fu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Chunwei Tang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Chongdeng Shi
- Department of Emergency, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Maosen Han
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Lingyi iTECH Manufacturing Co. Ltd., No. 2988, Taidong Road, Xiangcheng District, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215000, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Anning Li
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province 250355, China
| | - Danqing Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 4572A Academic Building, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
He Y, Ruan S, Liang G, Hao J, Zhou X, Li Z, Mu L, Wu J, Yang H. A Nonbactericidal Anionic Antimicrobial Peptide Provides Prophylactic and Therapeutic Efficacies against Bacterial Infections in Mice by Immunomodulatory-Antithrombotic Duality. J Med Chem 2024; 67:7487-7503. [PMID: 38688020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Although bactericidal cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been well characterized, less information is available about the antibacterial properties and mechanisms of action of nonbactericidal AMPs, especially nonbactericidal anionic AMPs. Herein, a novel anionic antimicrobial peptide (Gy-CATH) with a net charge of -4 was identified from the skin of the frog Glyphoglossus yunnanensis. Gy-CATH lacks direct antibacterial effects but exhibits significantly preventive and therapeutic capacities in mice that are infected with Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacteriaceae coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), or carbapenem-resistant E. coli (CREC). In vitro and in vivo investigations proved the regulation of Gy-CATH on neutrophils and macrophages involved in the host immune defense against infection. Moreover, Gy-CATH significantly reduced the extent of pulmonary fibrin deposition and prevented thrombosis in mice, which was attributed to the regulatory role of Gy-CATH in physiological anticoagulants and platelet aggregation. These findings show that Gy-CATH is a potential candidate for the treatment of bacterial infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Shimei Ruan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Guozhu Liang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing Hao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhuorui Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Lixian Mu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Hailong Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ruysseveldt E, Steelant B, Wils T, Cremer J, Bullens DMA, Hellings PW, Martens K. The nasal basal cell population shifts toward a diseased phenotype with impaired barrier formation capacity in allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024:S0091-6749(24)00454-8. [PMID: 38705259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The integrity of the airway epithelium is guarded by the airway basal cells that serve as progenitor cells and restore wounds in case of injury. Basal cells are a heterogenous population, and specific changes in their behavior are associated with chronic barrier disruption-mechanisms that have not been studied in detail in allergic rhinitis (AR). OBJECTIVE We aimed to study basal cell subtypes in AR and healthy controls. METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) of the nasal epithelium was performed on nonallergic and house dust mite-allergic AR patients to reveal basal cell diversity and to identify allergy-related alterations. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, and in vitro experiments using primary basal cells were performed to confirm phenotypic findings at the protein level and functionally. RESULTS The scRNA-Seq, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining revealed that basal cells are abundantly and heterogeneously present in the nasal epithelium, suggesting specialized subtypes. The total basal cell fraction within the epithelium in AR is increased compared to controls. scRNA-Seq demonstrated that potentially beneficial basal cells are missing in AR epithelium, while an activated population of allergy-associated basal cells is more dominantly present. Furthermore, our in vitro proliferation, wound healing assay and air-liquid interface cultures show that AR-associated basal cells have altered progenitor capacity compared to nonallergic basal cells. CONCLUSIONS The nasal basal cell population is abundant and diverse, and it shifts toward a diseased state in AR. The absence of potentially protective subtypes and the rise of a proinflammatory population suggest that basal cells are important players in maintaining epithelial barrier defects in AR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Ruysseveldt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Brecht Steelant
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tine Wils
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Cremer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique M A Bullens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Clinical Department of Paediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter W Hellings
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Clinical Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Upper Airways Research Laboratory, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katleen Martens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pervizaj-Oruqaj L, Ferrero MR, Matt U, Herold S. The guardians of pulmonary harmony: alveolar macrophages orchestrating the symphony of lung inflammation and tissue homeostasis. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:230263. [PMID: 38811033 PMCID: PMC11134199 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0263-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in single-cell sequencing, advancements in cellular and tissue imaging techniques, innovations in cell lineage tracing, and insights into the epigenome collectively illuminate the enigmatic landscape of alveolar macrophages in the lung under homeostasis and disease conditions. Our current knowledge reveals the cellular and functional diversity of alveolar macrophages within the respiratory system, emphasising their remarkable adaptability. By synthesising insights from classical cell and developmental biology studies, we provide a comprehensive perspective on alveolar macrophage functional plasticity. This includes an examination of their ontology-related features, their role in maintaining tissue homeostasis under steady-state conditions and the distinct contribution of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in promoting tissue regeneration and restoring respiratory system homeostasis in response to injuries. Elucidating the signalling pathways within inflammatory conditions, the impact of various triggers on tissue-resident alveolar macrophages (TR-AMs), as well as the recruitment and polarisation of macrophages originating from the bone marrow, presents an opportunity to propose innovative therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating the equilibrium between phenotypes to induce programmes associated with a pro-regenerative or homeostasis phenotype of BMDMs or TR-AMs. This, in turn, can lead to the amelioration of disease outcomes and the attenuation of detrimental inflammation. This review comprehensively addresses the pivotal role of macrophages in the orchestration of inflammation and resolution phases after lung injury, as well as ageing-related shifts and the influence of clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential mutations on alveolar macrophages, exploring altered signalling pathways and transcriptional profiles, with implications for respiratory homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Learta Pervizaj-Oruqaj
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
| | - Maximiliano Ruben Ferrero
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ulrich Matt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, University Hospital Giessen, Justus Liebig University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shao S, Zhang N, Specht GP, You S, Song L, Fu Q, Huang D, You H, Shu J, Domissy A, Li S, Nguyen-Tran V, Joseph SB, Chatterjee AK, Chen JJ, Schultz PG, Bollong MJ. Pharmacological expansion of type 2 alveolar epithelial cells promotes regenerative lower airway repair. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2400077121. [PMID: 38598345 PMCID: PMC11032444 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2400077121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2s) are stem cells in the adult lung that contribute to lower airway repair. Agents that promote the selective expansion of these cells might stimulate regeneration of the compromised alveolar epithelium, an etiology-defining event in several pulmonary diseases. From a high-content imaging screen of the drug repurposing library ReFRAME, we identified that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors, widely used type 2 diabetes medications, selectively expand AEC2s and are broadly efficacious in several mouse models of lung damage. Mechanism of action studies revealed that the protease DPP4, in addition to processing incretin hormones, degrades IGF-1 and IL-6, essential regulators of AEC2 expansion whose levels are increased in the luminal compartment of the lung in response to drug treatment. To selectively target DPP4 in the lung with sufficient drug exposure, we developed NZ-97, a locally delivered, lung persistent DPP4 inhibitor that broadly promotes efficacy in mouse lung damage models with minimal peripheral exposure and good tolerability. This work reveals DPP4 as a central regulator of AEC2 expansion and affords a promising therapeutic approach to broadly stimulate regenerative repair in pulmonary disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sida Shao
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Gregory P. Specht
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Shaochen You
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Lirui Song
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Qiangwei Fu
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - David Huang
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Hengyao You
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Jian Shu
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02129
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA02142
| | - Alain Domissy
- DNA Array Core, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Shuangwei Li
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA92037
| | | | - Sean B. Joseph
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA92037
| | | | | | - Peter G. Schultz
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| | - Michael J. Bollong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA92037
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chioccioli M, Liu S, Magruder S, Tata A, Borriello L, McDonough JE, Konkimalla A, Kim SH, Nouws J, Gonzalez DG, Traub B, Ye X, Yang T, Entenberg DR, Krishnaswamy S, Hendry CE, Kaminski N, Tata PR, Sauler M. Stem cell migration drives lung repair in living mice. Dev Cell 2024; 59:830-840.e4. [PMID: 38377991 PMCID: PMC11003834 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Tissue repair requires a highly coordinated cellular response to injury. In the lung, alveolar type 2 cells (AT2s) act as stem cells to replenish both themselves and alveolar type 1 cells (AT1s); however, the complex orchestration of stem cell activity after injury is poorly understood. Here, we establish longitudinal imaging of AT2s in murine intact tissues ex vivo and in vivo in order to track their dynamic behavior over time. We discover that a large fraction of AT2s become motile following injury and provide direct evidence for their migration between alveolar units. High-resolution morphokinetic mapping of AT2s further uncovers the emergence of distinct motile phenotypes. Inhibition of AT2 migration via genetic depletion of ArpC3 leads to impaired regeneration of AT2s and AT1s in vivo. Together, our results establish a requirement for stem cell migration between alveolar units and identify properties of stem cell motility at high cellular resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Chioccioli
- Department of Genetics and Comparative Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
| | - Shuyu Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sumner Magruder
- Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Aleksandra Tata
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Lucia Borriello
- Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Fox Chase Cancer, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - John E McDonough
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Arvind Konkimalla
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sang-Hun Kim
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jessica Nouws
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - David G Gonzalez
- Department of Genetics and Comparative Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Brian Traub
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Xianjun Ye
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Tao Yang
- Section of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - David R Entenberg
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Smita Krishnaswamy
- Department of Genetics and Comparative Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Caroline E Hendry
- Department of Genetics and Comparative Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Purushothama Rao Tata
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Maor Sauler
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lahmar Z, Bergougnoux A, Bourdin A. The HHIP gene: from a candidate to an established participant in COPD susceptibility. EBioMedicine 2024; 102:105059. [PMID: 38493541 PMCID: PMC10958057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Lahmar
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Bergougnoux
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Bourdin
- PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jones DL, Morley MP, Li X, Ying Y, Cardenas-Diaz FL, Li S, Zhou S, Schaefer SE, Chembazhi UV, Nottingham A, Lin S, Cantu E, Diamond JM, Basil MC, Vaughan AE, Morrisey EE. An injury-induced tissue niche shaped by mesenchymal plasticity coordinates the regenerative and disease response in the lung. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.26.582147. [PMID: 38529490 PMCID: PMC10962740 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.26.582147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Severe lung injury causes basal stem cells to migrate and outcompete alveolar stem cells resulting in dysplastic repair and a loss of gas exchange function. This "stem cell collision" is part of a multistep process that is now revealed to generate an injury-induced tissue niche (iTCH) containing Keratin 5+ epithelial cells and plastic Pdgfra+ mesenchymal cells. Temporal and spatial single cell analysis reveals that iTCHs are governed by mesenchymal proliferation and Notch signaling, which suppresses Wnt and Fgf signaling in iTCHs. Conversely, loss of Notch in iTCHs rewires alveolar signaling patterns to promote euplastic regeneration and gas exchange. The signaling patterns of iTCHs can differentially phenotype fibrotic from degenerative human lung diseases, through apposing flows of FGF and WNT signaling. These data reveal the emergence of an injury and disease associated iTCH in the lung and the ability of using iTCH specific signaling patterns to discriminate human lung disease phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dakota L. Jones
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael P. Morley
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yun Ying
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fabian L. Cardenas-Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shanru Li
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Su Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah E. Schaefer
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ullas V. Chembazhi
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ana Nottingham
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Susan Lin
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Edward Cantu
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua M. Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria C. Basil
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew E. Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Edward E. Morrisey
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wu M, Zhang X, Tu Y, Cheng W, Zeng Y. Culture and expansion of murine proximal airway basal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:26. [PMID: 38287366 PMCID: PMC10826159 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03642-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stem cell characteristic makes basal cells desirable for ex vivo modeling of airway diseases. However, to date, approaches allowing them extensively in vitro serial expansion and maintaining bona fide stem cell property are still awaiting to be established. This study aims to develop a feeder-free culture system of mouse airway basal stem cells (ABSCs) that sustain their stem cell potential in vitro, providing an experimental basis for further in-depth research and mechanism exploration. METHODS We used ROCK inhibitor Y-27632-containing 3T3-CM, MEF-CM, and RbEF-CM to determine the proper feeder-free culture system that could maintain in vitro stem cell morphology of mouse ABSCs. Immunocytofluorescence was used to identify the basal cell markers of obtained cells. Serial propagation was carried out to observe whether the stem cell morphology and basal cell markers could be preserved in this cultivation system. Next, we examined the in vitro expansion and self-renewal ability by evaluating population doubling time and colony-forming efficiency. Moreover, the differentiation potential was detected by an in vitro differentiation culture and a 3D tracheosphere assay. RESULTS When the mouse ABSCs were cultured using 3T3-CM containing ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 in combination with Matrigel-coated culture dishes, they could stably expand and maintain stem cell-like clones. We confirmed that the obtained clones comprised p63/Krt5 double-positive ABSCs. In continuous passage and maintenance culture, we found that it could be subculture to at least 15 passages in vitro, stably maintaining its stem cell morphology, basal cell markers, and in vitro expansion and self-renewal capabilities. Meanwhile, through in vitro differentiation culture and 3D tracheosphere culture, we found that in addition to maintaining self-renewal, mouse ABSCs could differentiate into other airway epithelial cells such as acetylated tubulin (Act-Tub) + ciliated and MUC5AC + mucus-secreting cells. However, they failed to differentiate into alveoli epithelial cells, including alveolar type I and alveolar type II. CONCLUSION We established an in vitro feeder-free culture system that allows mouse ABSCs to maintain their stem cell characteristics, including self-renewal and airway epithelium differentiation potential, while keeping up in vitro expansion stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meirong Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjuan Tu
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhao Cheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lin SM, Rue R, Mukhitov AR, Goel A, Basil MC, Obraztsova K, Babu A, Crnkovic S, Ledwell OA, Ferguson LT, Planer JD, Nottingham AN, Vanka KS, Smith CJ, Cantu E, Kwapiszewska G, Morrisey EE, Evans JF, Krymskaya VP. Hyperactive mTORC1 in lung mesenchyme induces endothelial cell dysfunction and pulmonary vascular remodeling. J Clin Invest 2023; 134:e172116. [PMID: 38127441 PMCID: PMC10866655 DOI: 10.1172/jci172116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a progressive cystic lung disease caused by tuberous sclerosis complex 1/2 (TSC1/2) gene mutations in pulmonary mesenchymal cells, resulting in activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). A subset of patients with LAM develop pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension. Little, however, is known regarding how LAM cells communicate with endothelial cells (ECs) to trigger vascular remodeling. In end-stage LAM lung explants, we identified EC dysfunction characterized by increased EC proliferation and migration, defective angiogenesis, and dysmorphic endothelial tube network formation. To model LAM disease, we used an mTORC1 gain-of-function mouse model with a Tsc2 KO (Tsc2KO) specific to lung mesenchyme (Tbx4LME-Cre Tsc2fl/fl), similar to the mesenchyme-specific genetic alterations seen in human disease. As early as 8 weeks of age, ECs from mice exhibited marked transcriptomic changes despite an absence of morphological changes to the distal lung microvasculature. In contrast, 1-year-old Tbx4LME-Cre Tsc2fl/fl mice spontaneously developed pulmonary vascular remodeling with increased medial thickness. Single-cell RNA-Seq of 1-year-old mouse lung cells identified paracrine ligands originating from Tsc2KO mesenchyme, which can signal through receptors in arterial ECs. These ECs had transcriptionally altered genes including those in pathways associated with blood vessel remodeling. The proposed pathophysiologic mesenchymal ligand-EC receptor crosstalk highlights the importance of an altered mesenchymal cell/EC axis in LAM and other hyperactive mTORC1-driven diseases. Since ECs in patients with LAM and in Tbx4LME-Cre Tsc2fl/fl mice did not harbor TSC2 mutations, our study demonstrates that constitutively active mTORC1 lung mesenchymal cells orchestrated dysfunctional EC responses that contributed to pulmonary vascular remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan M. Lin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
- Lung Biology Institute, and
| | - Ryan Rue
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Alexander R. Mukhitov
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Akansha Goel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Maria C. Basil
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
- Lung Biology Institute, and
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kseniya Obraztsova
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | | | - Slaven Crnkovic
- Division of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Lung Health, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Owen A. Ledwell
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Laura T. Ferguson
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
- Lung Biology Institute, and
| | - Joseph D. Planer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
- Lung Biology Institute, and
| | - Ana N. Nottingham
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
- Lung Biology Institute, and
| | - Kanth Swaroop Vanka
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Carly J. Smith
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Edward Cantu
- Lung Biology Institute, and
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Grazyna Kwapiszewska
- Division of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Lung Health, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Edward E. Morrisey
- Lung Biology Institute, and
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jillian F. Evans
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Vera P. Krymskaya
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
- Lung Biology Institute, and
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
He H, Bell SM, Davis AK, Zhao S, Sridharan A, Na CL, Guo M, Xu Y, Snowball J, Swarr DT, Zacharias WJ, Whitsett JA. PRDM3/16 Regulate Chromatin Accessibility Required for NKX2-1 Mediated Alveolar Epithelial Differentiation and Function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.20.570481. [PMID: 38187557 PMCID: PMC10769259 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.20.570481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Differential chromatin accessibility accompanies and mediates transcriptional control of diverse cell fates and their differentiation during embryogenesis. While the critical role of NKX2-1 and its transcriptional targets in lung morphogenesis and pulmonary epithelial cell differentiation is increasingly known, mechanisms by which chromatin accessibility alters the epigenetic landscape and how NKX2-1 interacts with other co-activators required for alveolar epithelial cell differentiation and function are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that the paired domain zinc finger transcriptional regulators PRDM3 and PRDM16 regulate chromatin accessibility to mediate cell differentiation decisions during lung morphogenesis. Combined deletion of Prdm3 and Prdm16 in early lung endoderm caused perinatal lethality due to respiratory failure from loss of AT2 cell function. Prdm3/16 deletion led to the accumulation of partially differentiated AT1 cells and loss of AT2 cells. Combination of single cell RNA-seq, bulk ATAC-seq, and CUT&RUN demonstrated that PRDM3 and PRDM16 enhanced chromatin accessibility at NKX2-1 transcriptional targets in peripheral epithelial cells, all three factors binding together at a multitude of cell-type specific cis-active DNA elements. Network analysis demonstrated that PRDM3/16 regulated genes critical for perinatal AT2 cell differentiation, surfactant homeostasis, and innate host defense. Lineage specific deletion of PRDM3/16 in AT2 cells led to lineage infidelity, with PRDM3/16 null cells acquiring partial AT1 fate. Together, these data demonstrate that NKX2-1-dependent regulation of alveolar epithelial cell differentiation is mediated by epigenomic modulation via PRDM3/16.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua He
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children of MOE, West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Sheila M. Bell
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Ashley Kuenzi Davis
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Shuyang Zhao
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Anusha Sridharan
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Cheng-Lun Na
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Minzhe Guo
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| | - Yan Xu
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| | - John Snowball
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Daniel T. Swarr
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| | - William J. Zacharias
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| | - Jeffrey A. Whitsett
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dylong F, Riedel J, Amonkar GM, Peukert N, Lieckfeldt P, Sturm K, Höxter B, Tse WH, Miyake Y, Moormann M, Bode LM, Mayer S, Keijzer R, Lacher M, Ai X, Gosemann JH, Wagner R. Overactivated Epithelial NF-κB Disrupts Lung Development in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 69:545-555. [PMID: 37552822 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0138oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal lung development is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), a common birth defect (1:2,500) of largely unknown pathobiology. Recent studies discovered that inflammatory processes, and specifically NF-κB-associated pathways, are enriched in human and experimental CDH. However, the molecular signaling of NF-κB in abnormal CDH lung development and its potential as a therapeutic target require further investigation. Using sections and hypoplastic lung explant cultures from the nitrofen rat model of CDH and human fetal CDH lungs, we demonstrate that NF-κB and its downstream transcriptional targets are hyperactive during abnormal lung formation in CDH. NF-κB activity was especially elevated in the airway epithelium of nitrofen and human CDH lungs at different developmental stages. Fetal rat lung explants had impaired pseudoglandular airway branching after exposure to nitrofen, together with increased phosphorylation and transcriptional activity of NF-κB. Dexamethasone, the broad and clinically applicable antiinflammatory NF-κB antagonist, rescued lung branching and normalized NF-κB signaling in hypoplastic lung explants. Moreover, specific NF-κB inhibition with curcumenol similarly rescued ex vivo lung hypoplasia and restored NF-κB signaling. Last, we showed that prenatal intraperitoneal dexamethasone administration to pregnant rat dams carrying fetuses with hypoplastic lungs significantly improves lung branching and normalizes NF-κB in vivo. Our results indicate that NF-κB is aberrantly activated in human and nitrofen CDH lungs. Antiinflammatory treatment with dexamethasone and/or specific NF-κB inhibition should be investigated further as a therapeutic avenue to target lung hypoplasia in CDH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florentine Dylong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Riedel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gaurang M Amonkar
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Nicole Peukert
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Paula Lieckfeldt
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katinka Sturm
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Benedikt Höxter
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wai Hei Tse
- Department of Surgery
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, and
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Yuichiro Miyake
- Department of Surgery
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, and
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Maria Moormann
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lena Marie Bode
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffi Mayer
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Richard Keijzer
- Department of Surgery
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, and
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Martin Lacher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Xingbin Ai
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | | | - Richard Wagner
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li S, Liberti D, Zhou S, Ying Y, Kong J, Basil MC, Cardenas-Diaz FL, Shiraishi K, Morley MP, Morrisey EE. DOT1L regulates lung developmental epithelial cell fate and adult alveolar stem cell differentiation after acute injury. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:1841-1853. [PMID: 37595582 PMCID: PMC10545485 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AT2 cells harbor alveolar stem cell activity in the lung and can self-renew and differentiate into AT1 cells during homeostasis and after injury. To identify epigenetic pathways that control the AT2-AT1 regenerative response in the lung, we performed an organoid screen using a library of pharmacological epigenetic inhibitors. This screen identified DOT1L as a regulator of AT2 cell growth and differentiation. In vivo inactivation of Dot1l leads to precocious activation of both AT1 and AT2 gene expression during lung development and accelerated AT1 cell differentiation after acute lung injury. Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals the presence of a new AT2 cell state upon loss of Dot1l, characterized by increased expression of oxidative phosphorylation genes and changes in expression of critical transcription and epigenetic factors. Taken together, these data demonstrate that Dot1l controls the rate of alveolar epithelial cell fate acquisition during development and regeneration after acute injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanru Li
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Derek Liberti
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Su Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yun Ying
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jun Kong
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maria C Basil
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Fabian L Cardenas-Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kazushige Shiraishi
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael P Morley
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lim K, Rutherford EN, Sun D, Van den Boomen DJH, Edgar JR, Bang JH, Matesic LE, Lee JH, Lehner PJ, Marciniak SJ, Rawlins EL, Dickens JA. A novel human fetal lung-derived alveolar organoid model reveals mechanisms of surfactant protein C maturation relevant to interstitial lung disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.30.555522. [PMID: 37693487 PMCID: PMC10491189 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.30.555522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells maintain lung health by acting as stem cells and producing pulmonary surfactant1-3. AT2 dysfunction underlies many lung diseases including interstitial lung disease (ILD), in which some inherited forms result from mislocalisation of surfactant protein C (SFTPC) variants4,5. Disease modelling and dissection of mechanisms remains challenging due to complexities in deriving and maintaining AT2 cells ex vivo. Here, we describe the development of expandable adult AT2-like organoids derived from human fetal lung which are phenotypically stable, can differentiate into AT1-like cells and are genetically manipulable. We use these organoids to test key effectors of SFTPC maturation identified in a forward genetic screen including the E3 ligase ITCH, demonstrating that their depletion phenocopies the pathological SFTPC redistribution seen for the SFTPC-I73T variant. In summary, we demonstrate the development of a novel alveolar organoid model and use it to identify effectors of SFTPC maturation necessary for AT2 health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyungtae Lim
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | | | - Dawei Sun
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
- Current address: Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Dick J H Van den Boomen
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard University, LHRRB building, 45 Shattuck Street, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - James R Edgar
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Jae Hak Bang
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Lydia E Matesic
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter St., Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Joo-Hyeon Lee
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Paul J Lehner
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Stefan J Marciniak
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
- Royal Papworth Hospital, Papworth Road, Trumpington, CB2 0AY
| | - Emma L Rawlins
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Jennifer A Dickens
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
- Royal Papworth Hospital, Papworth Road, Trumpington, CB2 0AY
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ghonim MA, Boyd DF, Flerlage T, Thomas PG. Pulmonary inflammation and fibroblast immunoregulation: from bench to bedside. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170499. [PMID: 37655660 PMCID: PMC10471178 DOI: 10.1172/jci170499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an explosion of interest in how fibroblasts initiate, sustain, and resolve inflammation across disease states. Fibroblasts contain heterogeneous subsets with diverse functionality. The phenotypes of these populations vary depending on their spatial distribution within the tissue and the immunopathologic cues contributing to disease progression. In addition to their roles in structurally supporting organs and remodeling tissue, fibroblasts mediate critical interactions with diverse immune cells. These interactions have important implications for defining mechanisms of disease and identifying potential therapeutic targets. Fibroblasts in the respiratory tract, in particular, determine the severity and outcome of numerous acute and chronic lung diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we review recent studies defining the spatiotemporal identity of the lung-derived fibroblasts and the mechanisms by which these subsets regulate immune responses to insult exposures and highlight past, current, and future therapeutic targets with relevance to fibroblast biology in the context of acute and chronic human respiratory diseases. This perspective highlights the importance of tissue context in defining fibroblast-immune crosstalk and paves the way for identifying therapeutic approaches to benefit patients with acute and chronic pulmonary disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Ghonim
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - David F. Boyd
- Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Tim Flerlage
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Paul G. Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Naik A, Forrest KM, Paul O, Issah Y, Valekunja UK, Tang SY, Reddy AB, Hennessy EJ, Brooks TG, Chaudhry F, Babu A, Morley M, Zepp JA, Grant GR, FitzGerald GA, Sehgal A, Worthen GS, Frank DB, Morrisey EE, Sengupta S. Circadian regulation of lung repair and regeneration. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e164720. [PMID: 37463053 PMCID: PMC10543710 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimal lung repair and regeneration are essential for recovery from viral infections, including influenza A virus (IAV). We have previously demonstrated that acute inflammation and mortality induced by IAV is under circadian control. However, it is not known whether the influence of the circadian clock persists beyond the acute outcomes. Here, we utilize the UK Biobank to demonstrate an association between poor circadian rhythms and morbidity from lower respiratory tract infections, including the need for hospitalization and mortality after discharge; this persists even after adjusting for common confounding factors. Furthermore, we use a combination of lung organoid assays, single-cell RNA sequencing, and IAV infection in different models of clock disruption to investigate the role of the circadian clock in lung repair and regeneration. We show that lung organoids have a functional circadian clock and the disruption of this clock impairs regenerative capacity. Finally, we find that the circadian clock acts through distinct pathways in mediating lung regeneration - in tracheal cells via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and through IL-1β in alveolar epithelial cells. We speculate that adding a circadian dimension to the critical process of lung repair and regeneration will lead to novel therapies and improve outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amruta Naik
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Oindrila Paul
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yasmine Issah
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Utham K. Valekunja
- Systems Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Soon Y. Tang
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), and
| | - Akhilesh B. Reddy
- Systems Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), and
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Thomas G. Brooks
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), and
| | - Fatima Chaudhry
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | - Gregory R. Grant
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), and
- Department of Genetics
| | - Garret A. FitzGerald
- Systems Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), and
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amita Sehgal
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), and
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, and
| | - G. Scott Worthen
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Systems Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David B. Frank
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Systems Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edward E. Morrisey
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shaon Sengupta
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Systems Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute
- Department of Pediatrics
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang WJ, Chu LX, He LY, Zhang MJ, Dang KT, Gao C, Ge QY, Wang ZG, Zhao XW. Spatial transcriptomics: recent developments and insights in respiratory research. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:38. [PMID: 37592342 PMCID: PMC10433685 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00471-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The respiratory system's complex cellular heterogeneity presents unique challenges to researchers in this field. Although bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have provided insights into cell types and heterogeneity in the respiratory system, the relevant specific spatial localization and cellular interactions have not been clearly elucidated. Spatial transcriptomics (ST) has filled this gap and has been widely used in respiratory studies. This review focuses on the latest iterative technology of ST in recent years, summarizing how ST can be applied to the physiological and pathological processes of the respiratory system, with emphasis on the lungs. Finally, the current challenges and potential development directions are proposed, including high-throughput full-length transcriptome, integration of multi-omics, temporal and spatial omics, bioinformatics analysis, etc. These viewpoints are expected to advance the study of systematic mechanisms, including respiratory studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Liu-Xi Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Ming-Jing Zhang
- Orthopaedic Bioengineering Research Group, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Kai-Tong Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Chen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Qin-Yu Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Zhou-Guang Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiang-Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen SY, Liu FC. The Fgf9-Nolz1-Wnt2 axis regulates morphogenesis of the lung. Development 2023; 150:dev201827. [PMID: 37497597 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Morphological development of the lung requires complex signal crosstalk between the mesenchymal and epithelial progenitors. Elucidating the genetic cascades underlying signal crosstalk is essential to understanding lung morphogenesis. Here, we identified Nolz1 as a mesenchymal lineage-specific transcriptional regulator that plays a key role in lung morphogenesis. Nolz1 null mutation resulted in a severe hypoplasia phenotype, including a decreased proliferation of mesenchymal cells, aberrant differentiation of epithelial cells and defective growth of epithelial branches. Nolz1 deletion also downregulated Wnt2, Lef1, Fgf10, Gli3 and Bmp4 mRNAs. Mechanistically, Nolz1 regulates lung morphogenesis primarily through Wnt2 signaling. Loss-of-function and overexpression studies demonstrated that Nolz1 transcriptionally activated Wnt2 and downstream β-catenin signaling to control mesenchymal cell proliferation and epithelial branching. Exogenous Wnt2 could rescue defective proliferation and epithelial branching in Nolz1 knockout lungs. Finally, we identified Fgf9 as an upstream regulator of Nolz1. Collectively, Fgf9-Nolz1-Wnt2 signaling represents a novel axis in the control of lung morphogenesis. These findings are relevant to lung tumorigenesis, in which a pathological function of Nolz1 is implicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yun Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chin Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Huang R, Zhang C, Zheng Y, Zhang W, Huang H, Qiu M, Li J, Li F. ISL1 regulates lung branching morphogenesis via Shh signaling pathway. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105034. [PMID: 37442233 PMCID: PMC10406864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung branching morphogenesis relies on a complex coordination of multiple signaling pathways and transcription factors. Here, we found that ablation of the LIM homeodomain transcription factor Islet1 (Isl1) in lung epithelium resulted in defective branching morphogenesis and incomplete formation of five lobes. A reduction in mesenchymal cell proliferation was observed in Isl1ShhCre lungs. There was no difference in apoptosis between the wild-type (ShhCre) and Isl1ShhCre embryos. RNA-Seq and in situ hybridization analysis showed that Shh, Ptch1, Sox9, Irx1, Irx2, Tbx2, and Tbx3 were downregulated in the lungs of Isl1ShhCre embryos. ChIP assay implied the Shh gene served as a direct target of ISL1, since the transcription factor ISL1 could bind to the Shh epithelial enhancer sequence (MACS1). Also, activation of the Hedgehog pathway via ectopic gene expression rescued the defects caused by Isl1 ablation, confirming the genetic integration of Hedgehog signaling. In conclusion, our works suggest that epithelial Isl1 regulates lung branching morphogenesis through administrating the Shh signaling mediated epithelial-mesenchymal communications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Huang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chujing Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Zheng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huarong Huang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengsheng Qiu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianying Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feixue Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li Q, Jiao J, Heng Y, Lu Q, Zheng Y, Li H, Cai J, Mei M, Bao S. Prmt5 promotes ciliated cell specification of airway epithelial progenitors via transcriptional inhibition of Tp63. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104964. [PMID: 37364687 PMCID: PMC10392137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelium of the pulmonary airway is composed of several distinct cell types that differentiate from common progenitor cells to provide defense against environmental insults. Epigenetic mechanisms regulating lineage differentiation of airway epithelial progenitors remain poorly understood. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (Prmt5) is a predominant type II arginine methyltransferase that methylates >85% of symmetric arginine residues. Here, we provide evidence for the function of Prmt5 in promoting ciliated cell fate specification of airway epithelial progenitors. We show that lung epithelial-specific deletion of Prmt5 resulted in a complete loss of ciliated cells, an increased number of basal cells, and ecotopic-expressed Tp63-Krt5+ putative cells in the proximal airway. We further identified that transcription factor Tp63 is a direct target of Prmt5, and Prmt5 inhibited Tp63 transcription expression through H4R3 symmetric dimethylation (H4R3sme2). Moreover, inhibition of Tp63 expression in Prmt5-deficient tracheal progenitors could partially restore the ciliated cell deficient phenotype. Together, our data support a model where Prmt5-mediated H4R3sme2 represses Tp63 expression to promote ciliated cell fate specification of airway progenitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Li
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China.
| | - Jie Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Heng
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Qingshuang Lu
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huijun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shilai Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bush D, Juliano C, Bowler S, Tiozzo C. Development and Disorders of the Airway in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1127. [PMID: 37508624 PMCID: PMC10378517 DOI: 10.3390/children10071127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a disorder characterized by arrested lung development, is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in premature infants. Parenchymal lung changes in BPD are relatively well-characterized and highly studied; however, there has been less emphasis placed on the role that airways disease plays in the pathophysiology of BPD. In preterm infants born between 22 and 32 weeks gestation, the conducting airways are fully formed but still immature and therefore susceptible to injury and further disruption of development. The arrest of maturation results in more compliant airways that are more susceptible to deformation and damage. Consequently, neonates with BPD are prone to developing airway pathology, particularly for patients who require intubation and positive-pressure ventilation. Airway pathology, which can be divided into large and small airways disease, results in increased respiratory morbidity in neonates with chronic lung disease of prematurity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Bush
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Courtney Juliano
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Selina Bowler
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Langone-Long Island, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| | - Caterina Tiozzo
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rathore APS, St John AL. Promises and challenges of mucosal COVID-19 vaccines. Vaccine 2023; 41:4042-4049. [PMID: 37045682 PMCID: PMC10083204 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing pandemic caused by the newly emerged virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently, COVID-19 vaccines are given intramuscularly and they have been shown to evoke systemic immune responses that are highly efficacious towards preventing severe disease and death. However, vaccine-induced immunity wanes within a short time, and booster doses are currently recommended. Furthermore, current vaccine formulations do not adequately restrict virus infection at the mucosal sites, such as in the nasopharyngeal tract and, therefore, have limited capacity to block virus transmission. With these challenges in mind, several mucosal vaccines are currently being developed with the aim of inducing long-lasting protective immune responses at the mucosal sites where SARS-COV-2 infection begins. Past successes in mucosal vaccinations underscore the potential of these developmental stage SARS-CoV-2 vaccines to reduce disease burden, if not eliminate it altogether. Here, we discuss immune responses that are triggered at the mucosal sites and recent advances in our understanding of mucosal responses induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection and current COVID-19 vaccines. We also highlight several mucosal SARS-COV-2 vaccine formulations that are currently being developed or tested for human use and discuss potential challenges to mucosal vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhay P S Rathore
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705, USA
| | - Ashley L St John
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705, USA; Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 169857 Singapore, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; SingHealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Conchola AS, Frum T, Xiao Z, Hsu PP, Kaur K, Downey MS, Hein RFC, Miller AJ, Tsai YH, Wu A, Holloway EM, Anand A, Murthy PKL, Glass I, Tata PR, Spence JR. Regionally distinct progenitor cells in the lower airway give rise to neuroendocrine and multiciliated cells in the developing human lung. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2210113120. [PMID: 37279279 PMCID: PMC10268599 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2210113120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Using scRNA-seq and microscopy, we describe a cell that is enriched in the lower airways of the developing human lung and identified by the unique coexpression of SCGB3A2/SFTPB/CFTR. To functionally interrogate these cells, we apply a single-cell barcode-based lineage tracing method, called CellTagging, to track the fate of SCGB3A2/SFTPB/CFTR cells during airway organoid differentiation in vitro. Lineage tracing reveals that these cells have a distinct differentiation potential from basal cells, giving rise predominantly to pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and a subset of multiciliated cells distinguished by high C6 and low MUC16 expression. Lineage tracing results are supported by studies using organoids and isolated cells from the lower noncartilaginous airway. We conclude that SCGB3A2/SFTPB/CFTR cells are enriched in the lower airways of the developing human lung and contribute to the epithelial diversity and heterogeneity in this region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ansley S. Conchola
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Tristan Frum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Zhiwei Xiao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Peggy P. Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Kamika Kaur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Michael S. Downey
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Renee F. C. Hein
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Alyssa J. Miller
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Yu-Hwai Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Angeline Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Emily M. Holloway
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Abhinav Anand
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | | | - Ian Glass
- Department of Pediatrics, Genetic Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | | | - Jason R. Spence
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gandhi NN, Inzana TJ, Rajagopalan P. Bovine Airway Models: Approaches for Investigating Bovine Respiratory Disease. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:1168-1179. [PMID: 37257116 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a multifactorial condition where different genera of bacteria, such as Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni, Pasteurella multocida, and Mycoplasma bovis, and viruses, like bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, and bovine herpes virus-1, infect the lower respiratory tract of cattle. These pathogens can co-infect cells in the respiratory system, thereby making specific treatment very difficult. Currently, the most common models for studying BRD include a submerged tissue culture (STC), where monolayers of epithelial cells are typically covered either in cellular or spent biofilm culture medium. Another model is an air-liquid interface (ALI), where epithelial cells are exposed on their apical side and allowed to differentiate. However, limited work has been reported on the study of three-dimensional (3D) bovine models that incorporate multiple cell types to represent the architecture of the respiratory tract. The roles of different defense mechanisms in an infected bovine respiratory system, such as mucin production, tight junction barriers, and the production of antimicrobial peptides in in vitro cultures require further investigation in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the disease pathogenesis. In this report, we describe the different aspects of BRD, including the most implicated pathogens and the respiratory tract, which are important to incorporate in disease models assembled in vitro. Although current advancements of bovine respiratory cultures have led to knowledge of the disease, 3D multicellular organoids that better recapitulate the in vivo environment exhibit potential for future investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeti N Gandhi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Thomas J Inzana
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, New York 11548, United States
| | - Padmavathy Rajagopalan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Niethamer TK, Levin LI, Morley MP, Babu A, Zhou S, Morrisey EE. Atf3 defines a population of pulmonary endothelial cells essential for lung regeneration. eLife 2023; 12:e83835. [PMID: 37233732 PMCID: PMC10219650 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Following acute injury, the capillary vascular bed in the lung must be repaired to reestablish gas exchange with the external environment. Little is known about the transcriptional and signaling factors that drive pulmonary endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and subsequent regeneration of pulmonary capillaries, as well as their response to stress. Here, we show that the transcription factor Atf3 is essential for the regenerative response of the mouse pulmonary endothelium after influenza infection. Atf3 expression defines a subpopulation of capillary ECs enriched in genes involved in endothelial development, differentiation, and migration. During lung alveolar regeneration, this EC population expands and increases the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis, blood vessel development, and cellular response to stress. Importantly, endothelial cell-specific loss of Atf3 results in defective alveolar regeneration, in part through increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation in the endothelium. This leads to the general loss of alveolar endothelium and persistent morphological changes to the alveolar niche, including an emphysema-like phenotype with enlarged alveolar airspaces lined with regions that lack vascular investment. Taken together, these data implicate Atf3 as an essential component of the vascular response to acute lung injury that is required for successful lung alveolar regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Terren K Niethamer
- Department of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn-Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Lung Biology Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Lillian I Levin
- Department of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Michael P Morley
- Department of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn-Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Lung Biology Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Apoorva Babu
- Department of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn-Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Lung Biology Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Su Zhou
- Department of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Department of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn-Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Lung Biology Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Myszor IT, Gudmundsson GH. Modulation of innate immunity in airway epithelium for host-directed therapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1197908. [PMID: 37251385 PMCID: PMC10213533 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1197908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity of the mucosal surfaces provides the first-line defense from invading pathogens and pollutants conferring protection from the external environment. Innate immune system of the airway epithelium consists of several components including the mucus layer, mucociliary clearance of beating cilia, production of host defense peptides, epithelial barrier integrity provided by tight and adherens junctions, pathogen recognition receptors, receptors for chemokines and cytokines, production of reactive oxygen species, and autophagy. Therefore, multiple components interplay with each other for efficient protection from pathogens that still can subvert host innate immune defenses. Hence, the modulation of innate immune responses with different inducers to boost host endogenous front-line defenses in the lung epithelium to fend off pathogens and to enhance epithelial innate immune responses in the immunocompromised individuals is of interest for host-directed therapy. Herein, we reviewed possibilities of modulation innate immune responses in the airway epithelium for host-directed therapy presenting an alternative approach to standard antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iwona T. Myszor
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Gudmundur Hrafn Gudmundsson
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li Q, Qiao Y, Wang F, Zhao J, Wu L, Ge H, Xu S. Prenatal triclosan exposure impairs mammalian lung branching morphogenesis through activating Bmp4 signaling. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114896. [PMID: 37054474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is a commonly used antibacterial agent present in personal care and household products. Recently, there have been increasing concerns about the association between children's health and TCS exposure during gestation, but the toxicological effects of TCS exposure on embryonic lung development remain undetermined. In this study, through using an ex vivo lung explant culture system, we found that prenatal exposure to TCS resulted in impaired lung branching morphogenesis and altered proximal-distal airway patterning. These TCS-induced dysplasias are accompanied by significantly reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis within the developing lung, as a consequence of activated Bmp4 signaling. Inhibition of Bmp4 signaling by Noggin partially rescues the lung branching morphogenesis and cellular defects in TCS-exposed lung explants. In addition, we provided in vivo evidence that administration of TCS during gestation leads to compromised branching formation and enlarged airspace in the lung of offspring. Thus, this study provides novel toxicological information on TCS and indicated a strong/possible association between TCS exposure during pregnancy and lung dysplasia in offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Li
- Institute of Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Yulong Qiao
- Institute of Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Institute of Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Institute of Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Honghua Ge
- Institute of Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shengmin Xu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Rosado-Olivieri EA, Razooky B, Le Pen J, De Santis R, Barrows D, Sabry Z, Hoffmann HH, Park J, Carroll TS, Poirier JT, Rice CM, Brivanlou AH. Organotypic human lung bud microarrays identify BMP-dependent SARS-CoV-2 infection in lung cells. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:1107-1122. [PMID: 37084725 PMCID: PMC10116630 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Although lung disease is the primary clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients, how SARS-CoV-2 induces lung pathology remains elusive. Here we describe a high-throughput platform to generate self-organizing and commensurate human lung buds derived from hESCs cultured on micropatterned substrates. Lung buds resemble human fetal lungs and display proximodistal patterning of alveolar and airway tissue directed by KGF. These lung buds are susceptible to infection by SARS-CoV-2 and endemic coronaviruses and can be used to track cell type-specific cytopathic effects in hundreds of lung buds in parallel. Transcriptomic comparisons of infected lung buds and postmortem tissue of COVID-19 patients identified an induction of BMP signaling pathway. BMP activity renders lung cells more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and its pharmacological inhibition impairs infection by this virus. These data highlight the rapid and scalable access to disease-relevant tissue using lung buds that recapitulate key features of human lung morphogenesis and viral infection biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E A Rosado-Olivieri
- Laboratory of Synthetic Embryology, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - B Razooky
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Diseases, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Le Pen
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Diseases, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - R De Santis
- Laboratory of Synthetic Embryology, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - D Barrows
- Bioinformatics Resource Center, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Z Sabry
- Laboratory of Synthetic Embryology, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - H-H Hoffmann
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Diseases, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Park
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Diseases, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - T S Carroll
- Bioinformatics Resource Center, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - J T Poirier
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - C M Rice
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Diseases, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - A H Brivanlou
- Laboratory of Synthetic Embryology, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Meng X, Cui G, Peng G. Lung development and regeneration: newly defined cell types and progenitor status. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 12:5. [PMID: 37009950 PMCID: PMC10068224 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-022-00149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The lung is the most critical organ of the respiratory system supporting gas exchange. Constant interaction with the external environment makes the lung vulnerable to injury. Thus, a deeper understanding of cellular and molecular processes underlying lung development programs and evaluation of progenitor status within the lung is an essential part of lung regenerative medicine. In this review, we aim to discuss the current understanding of lung development process and regenerative capability. We highlight the advances brought by multi-omics approaches, single-cell transcriptome, in particular, that can help us further dissect the cellular player and molecular signaling underlying those processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogao Meng
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, Guangdong, China
- Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Guizhong Cui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510005, China.
| | - Guangdun Peng
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Subramaniyan B, Gurung S, Bodas M, Moore AR, Larabee JL, Reuter D, Georgescu C, Wren JD, Myers DA, Papin JF, Walters MS. The Isolation and In Vitro Differentiation of Primary Fetal Baboon Tracheal Epithelial Cells for the Study of SARS-CoV-2 Host-Virus Interactions. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040862. [PMID: 37112842 PMCID: PMC10146425 DOI: 10.3390/v15040862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The mucociliary airway epithelium lines the human airways and is the primary site of host-environmental interactions in the lung. Following virus infection, airway epithelial cells initiate an innate immune response to suppress virus replication. Therefore, defining the virus-host interactions of the mucociliary airway epithelium is critical for understanding the mechanisms that regulate virus infection, including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Non-human primates (NHP) are closely related to humans and provide a model to study human disease. However, ethical considerations and high costs can restrict the use of in vivo NHP models. Therefore, there is a need to develop in vitro NHP models of human respiratory virus infection that would allow for rapidly characterizing virus tropism and the suitability of specific NHP species to model human infection. Using the olive baboon (Papio anubis), we have developed methodologies for the isolation, in vitro expansion, cryopreservation, and mucociliary differentiation of primary fetal baboon tracheal epithelial cells (FBTECs). Furthermore, we demonstrate that in vitro differentiated FBTECs are permissive to SARS-CoV-2 infection and produce a potent host innate-immune response. In summary, we have developed an in vitro NHP model that provides a platform for the study of SARS-CoV-2 infection and other human respiratory viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharathiraja Subramaniyan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (B.S.); (M.B.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Sunam Gurung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (S.G.); (D.A.M.)
| | - Manish Bodas
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (B.S.); (M.B.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Andrew R. Moore
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (B.S.); (M.B.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Jason L. Larabee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Darlene Reuter
- Division of Comparative Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (D.R.); (J.F.P.)
| | - Constantin Georgescu
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (C.G.); (J.D.W.)
| | - Jonathan D. Wren
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (C.G.); (J.D.W.)
| | - Dean A. Myers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (S.G.); (D.A.M.)
| | - James F. Papin
- Division of Comparative Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (D.R.); (J.F.P.)
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Matthew S. Walters
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (B.S.); (M.B.); (A.R.M.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Huang G, Liang J, Huang K, Liu X, Taghavifar F, Yao C, Parimon T, Liu N, Dai K, Aziz A, Wang Y, Waldron RT, Mou H, Stripp B, Noble PW, Jiang D. Basal Cell-derived WNT7A Promotes Fibrogenesis at the Fibrotic Niche in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:302-313. [PMID: 36318668 PMCID: PMC9989475 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0074oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of epithelial integrity, bronchiolarization, and fibroblast activation are key characteristics of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Prolonged accumulation of basal-like cells in IPF may impact the fibrotic niche to promote fibrogenesis. To investigate their role in IPF, basal cells were isolated from IPF explant and healthy donor lung tissues. Single-cell RNA sequencing was used to assess differentially expressed genes in basal cells. Basal cell and niche interaction was demonstrated with the sLP-mCherry niche labeling system. Luminex assays were used to assess cytokines secreted by basal cells. The role of basal cells in fibroblast activation was studied. Three-dimensional organoid culture assays were used to interrogate basal cell effects on AEC2 (type 2 alveolar epithelial cell) renewal capacity. Perturbation was used to investigate WNT7A function in vitro and in a repetitive bleomycin model in vivo. We found that WNT7A is highly and specifically expressed in basal-like cells. Proteins secreted by basal cells can be captured by neighboring fibroblasts and AEC2s. Basal cells or basal cell-conditioned media activate fibroblasts through WNT7A. Basal cell-derived WNT7A inhibits AEC2 progenitor cell renewal in three-dimensional organoid cultures. Neutralizing antibodies against WNT7A or a small molecule inhibitor of Frizzled signaling abolished basal cell-induced fibroblast activation and attenuated lung fibrosis in mice. In summary, basal cells and basal cell-derived WNT7A are key components of the fibrotic niche, providing a unique non-stem cell function of basal cells in IPF progression and a novel targeting strategy for IPF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kevin Huang
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
| | - Xue Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
| | | | - Changfu Yao
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute
| | | | - Ningshan Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
| | - Kristy Dai
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
| | - Adam Aziz
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
| | | | | | - Hongmei Mou
- The Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Barry Stripp
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
- The Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute
| | - Paul W Noble
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
| | - Dianhua Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary, Women's Guild Lung Institute
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; and
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Korkmaz FT, Traber KE. Innate immune responses in pneumonia. Pneumonia (Nathan) 2023; 15:4. [PMID: 36829255 PMCID: PMC9957695 DOI: 10.1186/s41479-023-00106-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The lungs are an immunologically unique environment; they are exposed to innumerable pathogens and particulate matter daily. Appropriate clearance of pathogens and response to pollutants is required to prevent overwhelming infection, while preventing tissue damage and maintaining efficient gas exchange. Broadly, the innate immune system is the collection of immediate, intrinsic immune responses to pathogen or tissue injury. In this review, we will examine the innate immune responses of the lung, with a particular focus on their role in pneumonia. We will discuss the anatomic barriers and antimicrobial proteins of the lung, pathogen and injury recognition, and the role of leukocytes (macrophages, neutrophils, and innate lymphocytes) and lung stromal cells in innate immunity. Throughout the review, we will focus on new findings in innate immunity as well as features that are unique to the lung.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filiz T Korkmaz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology & Infectious Disease, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, USA
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katrina E Traber
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Crotta S, Villa M, Major J, Finsterbusch K, Llorian M, Carmeliet P, Buescher J, Wack A. Repair of airway epithelia requires metabolic rewiring towards fatty acid oxidation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:721. [PMID: 36781848 PMCID: PMC9925445 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissues provide front-line barriers shielding the organism from invading pathogens and harmful substances. In the airway epithelium, the combined action of multiciliated and secretory cells sustains the mucociliary escalator required for clearance of microbes and particles from the airways. Defects in components of mucociliary clearance or barrier integrity are associated with recurring infections and chronic inflammation. The timely and balanced differentiation of basal cells into mature epithelial cell subsets is therefore tightly controlled. While different growth factors regulating progenitor cell proliferation have been described, little is known about the role of metabolism in these regenerative processes. Here we show that basal cell differentiation correlates with a shift in cellular metabolism from glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation (FAO). We demonstrate both in vitro and in vivo that pharmacological and genetic impairment of FAO blocks the development of fully differentiated airway epithelial cells, compromising the repair of airway epithelia. Mechanistically, FAO links to the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway to support protein glycosylation in airway epithelial cells. Our findings unveil the metabolic network underpinning the differentiation of airway epithelia and identify novel targets for intervention to promote lung repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Crotta
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
| | - Matteo Villa
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jack Major
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | | | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, and Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Vascular Heterogeneity, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Biotechnology (BTC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Joerg Buescher
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Wack
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Pyung YJ, Park DJ, Kim CG, Yun CH. Remodeling and Restraining Lung Tissue Damage Through the Regulation of Respiratory Immune Responses. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:329-339. [PMID: 36763280 PMCID: PMC9913030 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00516-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue damage caused by various stimuli under certain conditions, such as biological and environmental cues, can actively induce systemic and/or local immune responses. Therefore, understanding the immunological perspective would be critical to not only regulating homeostasis of organs and tissues but also to restrict and remodel their damage. Lungs serve as one of the key immunological organs, and thus, in the present article, we focus on the innate and adaptive immune systems involved in remodeling and engineering lung tissue. Innate immune cells are known to react immediately to damage. Macrophages, one of the most widely studied types of innate immune cells, are known to be involved in tissue damage and remodeling, while type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have recently been revealed as an important cell type responsible for tissue remodeling. On the other hand, adaptive immune cells are also involved in damage control. In particular, resident memory T cells in the lung prevent prolonged disease that causes tissue damage. In this review, we first outlined the structure of the respiratory system with biological and environmental cues and the innate/adaptive immune responses in the lung. It is our hope that understanding an immunological perspective for tissue remodeling and damage control in the lung will be beneficial for stakeholders in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Jin Pyung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Jeong Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Gyun Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Institutes of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Gangwon-Do, 25354, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Programs in Agricultural Genomics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yang W, Li Y, Shi F, Liu H. Human lung organoid: Models for respiratory biology and diseases. Dev Biol 2023; 494:26-34. [PMID: 36470449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The human respiratory system, consisting of the airway and alveoli, is one of the most complex organs directly interfaced with the external environment. The diverse epithelial cells lining the surface are usually the first cell barrier that comes into contact with pathogens that could lead to deadly pulmonary disease. There is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms of self-renewal and protection of these epithelial cells against harmful pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2. Traditional models, including cell lines and mouse models, have extremely limited native phenotypic features. Therefore, in recent years, to mimic the complexity of the lung, airway and alveoli organoid technology has been developed and widely applied. TGF-β/BMP/SMAD, FGF and Wnt/β-catenin signaling have been proven to play a key role in lung organoid expansion and differentiation. Thus, we summarize the current novel lung organoid culture strategies and discuss their application for understanding the lung biological features and pathophysiology of pulmonary diseases, especially COVID-19. Lung organoids provide an excellent in vitro model and research platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Yang
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Immunology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Joint Laboratory for Lung Development and Related Diseases of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Sichuan Birth Defects Clinical Research Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingna Li
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Immunology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Joint Laboratory for Lung Development and Related Diseases of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Sichuan Birth Defects Clinical Research Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Shi
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Immunology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Joint Laboratory for Lung Development and Related Diseases of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Sichuan Birth Defects Clinical Research Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Hanmin Liu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Immunology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Joint Laboratory for Lung Development and Related Diseases of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and School of Life Sciences of Fudan University, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Sichuan Birth Defects Clinical Research Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Adv Respir Med 2023; 91:26-48. [PMID: 36825939 PMCID: PMC9952569 DOI: 10.3390/arm91010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The respiratory system is a well-organized multicellular organ, and disruption of cellular homeostasis or abnormal tissue repair caused by genetic deficiency and exposure to risk factors lead to life-threatening pulmonary disease including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Although there is no clear etiology as the name reflected, its pathological progress is closely related to uncoordinated cellular and molecular signals. Here, we review the advances in our understanding of the role of lung tissue cells in IPF pathology including epithelial cells, mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells. These advances summarize the role of various cell components and signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which is helpful to further study the pathological mechanism of the disease, provide new opportunities for disease prevention and treatment, and is expected to improve the survival rate and quality of life of patients.
Collapse
|
45
|
Alternative lung cell model systems for toxicology testing strategies: Current knowledge and future outlook. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 147:70-82. [PMID: 36599788 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Due to the current relevance of pulmonary toxicology (with focus upon air pollution and the inhalation of hazardous materials), it is important to further develop and implement physiologically relevant models of the entire respiratory tract. Lung model development has the aim to create human relevant systems that may replace animal use whilst balancing cost, laborious nature and regulatory ambition. There is an imperative need to move away from rodent models and implement models that mimic the holistic characteristics important in lung function. The purpose of this review is therefore, to describe and identify the various alternative models that are being applied towards assessing the pulmonary toxicology of inhaled substances, as well as the current and potential developments of various advanced models and how they may be applied towards toxicology testing strategies. These models aim to mimic various regions of the lung, as well as implementing different exposure methods with the addition of various physiologically relevent conditions (such as fluid-flow and dynamic movement). There is further progress in the type of models used with focus on the development of lung-on-a-chip technologies and bioprinting, as well as and the optimization of such models to fill current knowledge gaps within toxicology.
Collapse
|
46
|
Snitow ME, Chaudhry FN, Zepp JA. Engineering and Modeling the Lung Mesenchyme. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1413:139-154. [PMID: 37195530 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26625-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The structure of the mammalian lung controls the flow of air through the airways and into the distal alveolar region where gas exchange occurs. Specialized cells in the lung mesenchyme produce the extracellular matrix (ECM) and growth factors required for lung structure. Historically, characterizing the mesenchymal cell subtypes was challenging due to their ambiguous morphology, overlapping expression of protein markers, and limited cell-surface molecules needed for isolation. The recent development of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) complemented with genetic mouse models demonstrated that the lung mesenchyme comprises transcriptionally and functionally heterogeneous cell-types. Bioengineering approaches that model tissue structure clarify the function and regulation of mesenchymal cell types. These experimental approaches demonstrate the unique abilities of fibroblasts in mechanosignaling, mechanical force generation, ECM production, and tissue regeneration. This chapter will review the cell biology of the lung mesenchyme and experimental approaches to study their function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda E Snitow
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fatima N Chaudhry
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jarod A Zepp
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gautam LK, Harriott NC, Caceres AM, Ryan AL. Basic Science Perspective on Engineering and Modeling the Large Airways. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1413:73-106. [PMID: 37195527 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26625-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The airway epithelium provides a physical and biochemical barrier playing a key role in protecting the lung from infiltration of pathogens and irritants and is, therefore, crucial in maintaining tissue homeostasis and regulating innate immunity. Due to continual inspiration and expiration of air during breathing, the epithelium is exposed to a plethora of environmental insults. When severe or persistent, these insults lead to inflammation and infection. The effectiveness of the epithelium as a barrier is reliant upon its capacity for mucociliary clearance, immune surveillance, and regeneration upon injury. These functions are accomplished by the cells that comprise the airway epithelium and the niche in which they reside. Engineering of new physiological and pathological models of the proximal airways requires the generation of complex structures comprising the surface airway epithelium, submucosal gland epithelium, extracellular matrix, and niche cells, including smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells. This chapter focuses on the structure-function relationships in the airways and the challenges of developing complex engineered models of the human airway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lalit K Gautam
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Noa C Harriott
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Adrian M Caceres
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Amy L Ryan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Extracellular Vesicles' Role in the Pathophysiology and as Biomarkers in Cystic Fibrosis and COPD. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010228. [PMID: 36613669 PMCID: PMC9820204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In keeping with the extraordinary interest and advancement of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in pathogenesis and diagnosis fields, we herein present an update to the knowledge about their role in cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although CF and COPD stem from a different origin, one genetic and the other acquired, they share a similar pathophysiology, being the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein implied in both disorders. Various subsets of EVs, comprised mainly of microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes (EXOs), are secreted by various cell types that are either resident or attracted in the airways during the onset and progression of CF and COPD lung disease, representing a vehicle for metabolites, proteins and RNAs (especially microRNAs), that in turn lead to events as such neutrophil influx, the overwhelming of proteases (elastase, metalloproteases), oxidative stress, myofibroblast activation and collagen deposition. Eventually, all of these pathomechanisms lead to chronic inflammation, mucus overproduction, remodeling of the airways, and fibrosis, thus operating a complex interplay among cells and tissues. The detection of MVs and EXOs in blood and biological fluids coming from the airways (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and sputum) allows the consideration of EVs and their cargoes as promising biomarkers for CF and COPD, although clinical expectations have yet to be fulfilled.
Collapse
|
49
|
Lahmar Z, Ahmed E, Fort A, Vachier I, Bourdin A, Bergougnoux A. Hedgehog pathway and its inhibitors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pharmacol Ther 2022; 240:108295. [PMID: 36191777 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
COPD affects millions of people and is now ranked as the third leading cause of death worldwide. This largely untreatable chronic airway disease results in irreversible destruction of lung architecture. The small lung hypothesis is now supported by epidemiological, physiological and clinical studies. Accordingly, the early and severe COPD phenotype carries the most dreadful prognosis and finds its roots during lung growth. Pathophysiological mechanisms remain poorly understood and implicate individual susceptibility (genetics), a large part of environmental factors (viral infections, tobacco consumption, air pollution) and the combined effects of those triggers on gene expression. Genetic susceptibility is most likely involved as the disease is severe and starts early in life. The latter observation led to the identification of Mendelian inheritance via disease-causing variants of SERPINA1 - known as the basis for alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency, and TERT. In the last two decades multiple genome wide association studies (GWAS) identified many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with COPD. High significance SNPs are located in 4q31 near HHIP which encodes an evolutionarily highly conserved physiological inhibitor of the Hedgehog signaling pathway (HH). HHIP is critical to several in utero developmental lung processes. It is also implicated in homeostasis, injury response, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor resistance to apoptosis. A few studies have reported decreased HHIP RNA and protein levels in human adult COPD lungs. HHIP+/- murine models led to emphysema. HH pathway inhibitors, such as vismodegib and sonidegib, are already validated in oncology, whereas other drugs have evidenced in vitro effects. Targeting the Hedgehog pathway could lead to a new therapeutic avenue in COPD. In this review, we focused on the early and severe COPD phenotype and the small lung hypothesis by exploring genetic susceptibility traits that are potentially treatable, thus summarizing promising therapeutics for the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Lahmar
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - E Ahmed
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, Univ Montpellier, Inserm U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Montpellier, France
| | - A Fort
- PhyMedExp, Univ Montpellier, Inserm U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Montpellier, France
| | - I Vachier
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, Univ Montpellier, Inserm U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Montpellier, France
| | - A Bourdin
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, Univ Montpellier, Inserm U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Montpellier, France
| | - A Bergougnoux
- PhyMedExp, Univ Montpellier, Inserm U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Montpellier, France; Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et de Cytogénomique, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Transcriptomic comparison of primary human lung cells with lung tissue samples and the human A549 lung cell line highlights cell type specific responses during infections with influenza A virus. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20608. [PMID: 36446841 PMCID: PMC9709075 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24792-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) causes pandemics and annual epidemics of severe respiratory infections. A better understanding of the molecular regulation in tissue and cells upon IAV infection is needed to thoroughly understand pathogenesis. We analyzed IAV replication and gene expression induced by IAV strain H3N2 Panama in isolated primary human alveolar epithelial type II cells (AECIIs), the permanent A549 adenocarcinoma cell line, alveolar macrophages (AMs) and explanted human lung tissue by bulk RNA sequencing. Primary AECII exhibit in comparison to AM a broad set of strongly induced genes related to RIG-I and interferon (IFN) signaling. The response of AECII was partly mirrored in A549 cells. In human lung tissue, we observed induction of genes unlike in isolated cells. Viral RNA was used to correlate host cell gene expression changes with viral burden. While relative induction of key genes was similar, gene abundance was highest in AECII cells and AM, while weaker in the human lung (due to less IAV replication) and A549 cells (pointing to their limited suitability as a model). Correlation of host gene induction with viral burden allows a better understanding of the cell-type specific induction of pathways and a possible role of cellular crosstalk requiring intact tissue.
Collapse
|