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Zhao K, Wang J, Zhang Y, Sui W. Circulating Selenium Level Was Positively Related to Visceral Adiposity Index with a Non-linear Trend: a Nationwide Study of the General Population. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2921-2930. [PMID: 37792266 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03885-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Selenium plays a role in obesity. However, whether circulating selenium levels are related to the visceral adiposity index (VAI), an indicator of obesity, is still unknown. Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018, data from 12,777 individuals aged ≥ 20 years were analyzed to clarify this question. In fully adjusted models of multivariate regression analysis, natural logarithm (Ln) selenium was positively related to Ln VAI (β = 0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.27, 0.55; P < 0.001). Compared with the lowest quartile of Ln selenium, the highest quartile was also positively associated with Ln VAI (β = 0.16; 95% CI, 0.11, 0.21; P < 0.001). Moreover, we found that this positive connection was non-linear. When Ln selenium was less than the inflection point, Ln selenium was positively related to Ln VAI (β = 0.41; 95% CI, 0.31, 0.52; P < 0.001). However, when Ln selenium was greater than or equal to the inflection point, Ln selenium was not significantly related to Ln VAI (β = -0.15; 95% CI, -0.56, 0.25; P = 0.455). In subgroup analysis, significant interactions were observed with age and sex (P for interaction < 0.05). Stronger interactions were observed among middle-aged participants (β = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.31, 0.98; P = 0.002) and males (β = 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43, 0.79; P < 0.001). Overall, circulating selenium levels were positively related to VAI, with a non-linear trend. Prospective studies and interventional experiments are necessary to verify the possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunsheng Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Central Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Wenhai Sui
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Uretzky A, Mandel D, Schwartz A, Kaganov K, Mezad-Koursh D, Mangel L, Lubetzky R. Longitudinal analysis of carotenoid content in preterm human milk. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:2671-2682. [PMID: 38509232 PMCID: PMC11098918 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
To describe the variability in carotenoid content of human milk (HM) in mothers of very to extremely low birth weight preterm infants throughout lactation and to explore the relationship between lutein in HM and the occurrence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants. We recruited healthy mothers along with their preterm infants that were born at gestational age 24 + 2 to 29 + 6 weeks or with a birth weight under 1500 g and were exclusively breastfed HM. Each participant provided up to 7 HM samples (2-10 ml) on day 0-3 and once a week until 6 weeks. Additionally, when possible, a blood sample was collected from the infant at week 6. Concentrations of the major carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-carotene, and lycopene) in all HM and blood samples were assessed and compared. Thirty-nine mother-infant dyads were included and 184 HM samples and 21 plasma samples were provided. Mean lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-carotene, and lycopene concentration decreased as lactation progressed, being at their highest in colostrum samples (156.9 vs. 66.9 vs. 363.9 vs. 426.8 ng/ml, respectively). Lycopene (41%) and beta-carotene (36%) were the predominant carotenoids in colostrum and up to 2 weeks post-delivery. Inversely, the proportion of lutein and zeaxanthin increased with lactation duration to account for 45% of the carotenoids in mature HM. Lutein accounted for 58% of the carotenoids in infant plasma and only 28% in HM. Lutein content of transition and mature HM did not differ between mothers of ROP and non-ROP infants.Conclusion Carotenoid content of HM was dynamic and varied between mothers and as lactation progressed. Infant plasma displayed a distinct distribution of carotenoids from HM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Uretzky
- Department of Neonatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Dror Mandel
- Department of Neonatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Schwartz
- Department of Neonatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Kira Kaganov
- Department of Neonatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daphna Mezad-Koursh
- Tel Aviv Medical Center, Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Laurence Mangel
- Department of Neonatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Ronit Lubetzky
- Department of Pediatrics, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Bird JK, Feskens EJM, Melse-Boonstra A. A Systematized Review of the Relationship Between Obesity and Vitamin C Requirements. Curr Dev Nutr 2024; 8:102152. [PMID: 38666038 PMCID: PMC11039309 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity rates have increased globally in recent decades. Body weight is used as a modifiable factor in determining vitamin requirements. Accordingly, vitamin C requirements are volumetrically scaled from data for healthy weight males to other age- and sex-based categories. Likewise, it is possible that increases in body weight due to obesity may affect vitamin C needs. A systematized literature review was performed to summarize evidence on whether obesity affects vitamin C intake or status. The literature was also scanned for potential mechanisms for the relationship. Many observational studies showed that vitamin C status is lower in overweight and obese children and adults; this may be explained by lower vitamin C intakes. Nevertheless, a reanalysis of carefully conducted intervention studies has demonstrated a lower vitamin C status in participants who were overweight or obese when given the same dose of vitamin C as subjects of normal weight. Several mechanisms have been proposed to potentially explain why vitamin C status is lower in people with obesity: changes in vitamin C partitioning between lean and adipose tissue, volumetric dilution, metabolic alterations due to obesity, and gut microbial dysbiosis. Depletion-repletion or pharmacokinetic studies that include individuals of diverse body weights and ages would be helpful to further investigate whether obesity increases requirements for vitamin C. The current evidence base supports a lower vitamin C status in people who are overweight or obese; however, the association may be attenuated by lower vitamin C intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Bird
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Edith JM Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alida Melse-Boonstra
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Yoon HS, Wu J, Shidal C, Sun Y, Franke AA, Yang JJ, Braithwaite D, Courtney R, Cai H, Blot WJ, Shu XO, Zheng W, Cai Q. Associations between Plasma Tocopherols and Lung Cancer Risk: Results from the Southern Community Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:480-488. [PMID: 38284815 PMCID: PMC10990776 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the various anticancer activities of tocopherols, little is known about tocopherols associated with lung cancer risk among low-income African Americans (AA) and European Americans (EA) who are disproportionately affected by the disease. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study that included 209 incident lung cancer cases and 406 matched controls within the Southern Community Cohort Study. Using biospecimens collected at cohort enrollment, plasma levels of α-, β/γ-, δ-, and total-tocopherols were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for lung cancer risk after adjusting for potential confounders. Stratified analyses were also conducted. RESULTS Plasma levels of total-tocopherols were inversely associated with lung cancer risk overall [OR (95% CI) for the highest vs. lowest tertile = 0.51 (0.30-0.90)]. The inverse association remained significant among EAs [0.20 (0.06-0.65)], men [0.43 (0.21-0.90)], current smokers [0.49 (0.26-0.93)], and cases diagnosed within 2 years of blood draw [0.36 (0.15-0.86)], though we did not find a significant risk reduction among AAs [0.75 (0.39-1.45)]. Notably, we found significant interactions between α-tocopherol and race after controlling the FDR to correct for multiple comparisons (Pinteraction = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that plasma total-tocopherols are inversely associated with lung cancer risk, but the association may differ across specific isomeric forms of tocopherols, race, or other individuals' characteristics. Further large-scale studies are warranted to confirm our findings. IMPACT Recommendations on tocopherols for lung cancer prevention should take isomers, race, and smoking behaviors into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Suk Yoon
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Jie Wu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Chris Shidal
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Yan Sun
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Jae Jeong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Dejana Braithwaite
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Regina Courtney
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Hui Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - William J. Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
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Zhao K, Zhang Y, Sui W. The Circulating Selenium Concentration Is Positively Related to the Lipid Accumulation Product: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:933. [PMID: 38612965 PMCID: PMC11013112 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The lipid accumulation product (LAP) is a reliable marker of metabolic syndrome, which includes conditions like obesity. However, the correlation between the circulating selenium (CSe) concentration and the LAP is currently unclear. This study aimed to ascertain this correlation. Overall, 12,815 adults aged ≥20 years were enrolled in this study. After adjusting for all the confounding variables, CSe was positively correlated to the LAP (β = 0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.28, 0.54; p < 0.001). Compared with the lowest quartile of CSe, the highest quartile of CSe was positively related to the LAP (β = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.21; p < 0.001). Moreover, the correlation between CSe and the LAP revealed a positive non-linear trend. In the subgroup analysis, interaction effects were observed for age, sex, smoking, and stroke (p for interaction < 0.05). The effects were stronger for males (β = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.80; p < 0.001) and individuals who smoke at the time of the trial (β = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.37, 0.91; p < 0.001). In conclusion, our results indicated that CSe was positively correlated with the LAP in a non-linear manner. Future research is warranted to explore their relationship and better understand the mechanisms underlying this association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Wenhai Sui
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China;
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Almoraie NM, Shatwan IM. The Potential Effects of Dietary Antioxidants in Obesity: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:416. [PMID: 38391792 PMCID: PMC10887832 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12040416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a global health concern, with its prevalence steadily increasing in recent decades. It is associated with numerous health complications, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and certain types of cancer. The aetiology of obesity is multifactorial, involving genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. In recent years, oxidative stress has emerged as a potential contributor to obesity and its related metabolic disorders. Dietary antioxidants, which can counteract oxidative stress, have gained significant attention for their potential role in preventing and managing obesity. This comprehensive review aims to explore the impact of dietary antioxidants on obesity and its associated metabolic dysregulations, discussing the underlying mechanisms and highlighting the potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M Almoraie
- Food and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Building 43, Room 233, Level 2, Jeddah 3270, Saudi Arabia
| | - Israa M Shatwan
- Food and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Building 43, Room 233, Level 2, Jeddah 3270, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Kluza K, Zawlik I, Janowska M, Kmieć A, Paszek S, Potocka N, Skrzypa M, Zuchowska A, Kluz M, Wróbel A, Baszuk P, Pietrzak S, Marciniak W, Miotla P, Lubiński J, Gronwald J, Kluz T. Study of Serum Copper and Zinc Levels and Serum Cu/Zn Ratio among Polish Women with Endometrial Cancer. Nutrients 2023; 16:144. [PMID: 38201973 PMCID: PMC10780690 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Micronutrients are important components for the homeostasis of the human body. The studies available in the literature of the subject on their impact on the risk of population diseases, including malignant neoplasms, are ambiguous. In this paper, the relationship between Cu and Zn serum levels and the occurrence of endometrial cancer have been analyzed. METHODS 306 patients (153 test group and 153 control group) matched for age were analyzed for Cu and Zn levels. Microelements levels were determined for sera collected during the hospitalization of patients by means of an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. In addition, the Cu/Zn ratio in the population included in the study was analyzed. Univariable and multivariable analyzes were used to examine the relationship between the factors under study and the incidence of endometrial cancer. RESULTS Lower levels of elements were observed in the study group compared with the control group (Cu: 959.39 μg/L vs. 1176.42 μg/L, p < 0.001; Zn: 707.05 μg/L vs. 901.67 μg/L, p < 0.001). A statistically significant relationship with the occurrence of endometrial cancer was observed for Cu and Zn. The patients with the lowest Cu level had a significantly higher occurrence of endometrial cancer compared with reference tertile (OR 8.54; p < 0.001). Similarly, compared with the reference tertile, the patients with the lowest Zn levels had a significantly greater incidence of endometrial cancer (OR 15.0; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The results of the study suggest an association of endometrial cancer occurrence with lower Cu and Zn serum levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kluza
- Department of Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology and Obstetrics, Fryderyk Chopin University Hospital, F. Szopena 2, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Izabela Zawlik
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Warzywna 1a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland (N.P.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Janowska
- Department of Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology and Obstetrics, Fryderyk Chopin University Hospital, F. Szopena 2, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Kmieć
- Department of Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology and Obstetrics, Fryderyk Chopin University Hospital, F. Szopena 2, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Sylwia Paszek
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Warzywna 1a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland (N.P.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Natalia Potocka
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Warzywna 1a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland (N.P.)
| | - Marzena Skrzypa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Warzywna 1a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland (N.P.)
| | - Alina Zuchowska
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Marta Kluz
- Department of Pathology, Fryderyk Chopin University Hospital, F. Szopena 2, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Wróbel
- Second Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland; (A.W.)
| | - Piotr Baszuk
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, Alabastrowa 8, 72-003 Dobra, Poland
| | - Sandra Pietrzak
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Marciniak
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, Alabastrowa 8, 72-003 Dobra, Poland
| | - Pawel Miotla
- Second Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland; (A.W.)
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, Alabastrowa 8, 72-003 Dobra, Poland
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kluz
- Department of Gynecology, Gynecology Oncology and Obstetrics, Fryderyk Chopin University Hospital, F. Szopena 2, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland; (K.K.); (A.K.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
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Lykkesfeldt J, Carr AC. Vitamin C - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food Nutr Res 2023; 67:10300. [PMID: 38187788 PMCID: PMC10770653 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v67.10300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C has multiple metabolic functions in the body, but the available information on the exact relationship between these functions and the intake necessary to maintain them is very limited. However, most attempts to objectively measure adequacy of vitamin C status, including, for example, replacement of metabolic turnover, chronic disease prevention, urinary excretion, and saturation of immune cells and body compartment, currently point toward 50 µmol/L as a reasonable target plasma concentration. As a strong correlation between body weight and vitamin C status exists, recommended intakes (RIs) for other age groups may be extrapolated from the adult RI based on weight. However, as body weights above 70 kg are becoming increasingly common - also in the Nordic region - an RI of 140 mg/day for individuals weighing 100 kg or more should be considered to compensate for the larger volume of distribution. Finally, smoking continues to be a common contributor to poor vitamin C status; therefore, it is proposed that people who smoke increase their daily vitamin C intake by 40 mg/day to compensate for the increased metabolic turnover induced by smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Lykkesfeldt
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anitra C. Carr
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Maurya VK, Shakya A, McClements DJ, Srinivasan R, Bashir K, Ramesh T, Lee J, Sathiyamoorthi E. Vitamin C fortification: need and recent trends in encapsulation technologies. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1229243. [PMID: 37743910 PMCID: PMC10517877 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1229243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The multifaceted role of vitamin C in human health intrudes several biochemical functions that are but not limited to antioxidant activity, homoeostasis, amino acid synthesis, collagen synthesis, osteogenesis, neurotransmitter production and several yet to be explored functions. In absence of an innate biosynthetic pathway, humans are obligated to attain vitamin C from dietary sources to maintain its optimal serum level (28 μmol/L). However, a significant amount of naturally occurring vitamin C may deteriorate due to food processing, storage and distribution before reaching to the human gastrointestinal tract, thus limiting or mitigating its disease combating activity. Literature acknowledges the growing prevalence of vitamin C deficiency across the globe irrespective of geographic, economic and population variations. Several tools have been tested to address vitamin C deficiency, which are primarily diet diversification, biofortification, supplementation and food fortification. These strategies inherit their own advantages and limitations. Opportunely, nanotechnology promises an array of delivery systems providing encapsulation, protection and delivery of susceptible compounds against environmental factors. Lack of clear understanding of the suitability of the delivery system for vitamin C encapsulation and fortification; growing prevalence of its deficiency, it is a need of the hour to develop and design vitamin C fortified food ensuring homogeneous distribution, improved stability and enhanced bioavailability. This article is intended to review the importance of vitamin C in human health, its recommended daily allowance, its dietary sources, factors donating to its stability and degradation. The emphasis also given to review the strategies adopted to address vitamin c deficiency, delivery systems adopted for vitamin C encapsulation and fortification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Kumar Maurya
- Field Application Specialist, PerkinElmer, New Delhi, India
- National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Amita Shakya
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Chhattisgarh, Raipur, India
| | - David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
- Department of Food Science & Bioengineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ramachandran Srinivasan
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES-Earth Science and Technology Cell (Marine Biotechnological Studies), Sathyabama Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Khalid Bashir
- Department of Food Technology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Thiyagarajan Ramesh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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Terao J. Revisiting carotenoids as dietary antioxidants for human health and disease prevention. Food Funct 2023; 14:7799-7824. [PMID: 37593767 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02330c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Humans are unique indiscriminate carotenoid accumulators, so the human body accumulates a wide range of dietary carotenoids of different types and to varying concentrations. Carotenoids were once recognized as physiological antioxidants because of their ability to quench singlet molecular oxygen (1O2). In the 1990s, large-scale intervention studies failed to demonstrate that supplementary β-carotene intake reduces the incidence of lung cancer, although its antioxidant activity was supposed to contribute to the prevention of oxidative stress-induced carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, the antioxidant activity of carotenoids has attracted renewed attention as the pathophysiological role of 1O2 has emerged, and as the ability of dietary carotenoids to induce antioxidant enzymes has been revealed. This review focuses on six major carotenoids from fruit and vegetables and revisits their physiological functions as biological antioxidants from the standpoint of health promotion and disease prevention. β-Carotene 9',10'-oxygenase-derived oxidative metabolites trigger increases in the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Lutein and zeaxanthin selectively accumulate in human macular cells to protect against light-induced macular impairment by acting as antioxidants. Lycopene accumulates exclusively and to high concentrations in the testis, where its antioxidant activity may help to eliminate oxidative damage. Dietary carotenoids appear to exert their antioxidant activity in photo-irradiated skin after their persistent deposition in the skin. An acceptable level of dietary carotenoids for disease prevention should be established because they can have deleterious effects as prooxidants if they accumulate to excess levels. Finally, it is expected that the reason why humans are indiscriminate carotenoid accumulators will be understood soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Terao
- Faculty of Medicine, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
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11
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Boerenkamp LS, Gijsbers BLMG, Ververs EJ, Pijpers EMS, Spaetgens B, de Coninck A, Germeraad WTV, Wodzig WKWH, Wieten L, van Gorkom GNY, van Elssen CHMJ. Low Levels of Serum and Intracellular Vitamin C in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients. Nutrients 2023; 15:3653. [PMID: 37630843 PMCID: PMC10458240 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C is a crucial micronutrient for human immune cell function and has potent antioxidant properties. It is hypothesized that vitamin C serum levels decline during infection. However, the precise mechanisms remain unknown. To gain deeper insights into the true role of vitamin C during infections, we aimed to evaluate the body's vitamin C storage during a SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this single-center study, we examined serum and intracellular vitamin C levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 70 hospitalized COVID-19 patients on the first and fifth days of hospitalization. Also, clinical COVID-19 severity was evaluated at these timepoints. Our findings revealed a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis C and vitamin C deficiency in hospitalized COVID-19 patients (36% and 15%). Moreover, patients with severe or critical disease exhibited a higher prevalence of low serum vitamin C levels than those with moderate illness. Serum vitamin C levels had a weak negative correlation with clinical COVID-19 severity classification on the day of hospitalization; however, there was no correlation with intracellular vitamin C. Intracellular vitamin C levels were decreased in this cohort as compared to a healthy cohort and showed further decline during hospitalization, while serum levels showed no relevant change. Based on this observation, it can be suggested that the reduction of intracellular vitamin C may be attributed to its antioxidative function, the need for replenishing serum levels, or enhanced turnover by immune cells. These data give an incentive to further investigate the role of intracellular vitamin C in a larger and more heterogeneous cohort as well as the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara S. Boerenkamp
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Birgit L. M. G. Gijsbers
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Erik-Jan Ververs
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva M. S. Pijpers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Spaetgens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aniek de Coninck
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wilfred T. V. Germeraad
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Will K. W. H. Wodzig
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lotte Wieten
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gwendolyn N. Y. van Gorkom
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina H. M. J. van Elssen
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
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12
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Yang Y, Xu H, Zhang Y, Chen L, Tian C, Huang B, Chen Y, Ma L. Associations of dietary antioxidant micronutrients with the prevalence of obesity in adults. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1098761. [PMID: 36992905 PMCID: PMC10040542 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1098761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAntioxidant micronutrients have a therapeutic potential for clinical treatment of obesity. NO research, however, has examined the connection between the complex level of dietary antioxidants and obesity.Materials and methodsWe mainly aimed to investigate the relationship between a combination of antioxidants and obesity using the database of the national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES). This cross-sectional study contains a survey of 41,021 people (≥18 years) in total ranging from 2005 to 2018. Multivariate logistic and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were performed to investigate the associations between these antioxidants, both individually and collectively, and the prevalence of obesity. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression was also utilized to analyze the linearity of these associations.ResultsAccording to multivariate logistic models, we found that the levels of most antioxidants in the highest quartile were independently related to a lower prevalence of obesity, while a reverse result was observed in selenium (p for trend <0.05). The WQS index revealed that a total of the 11 antioxidants is negatively related to the prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity (all p<0.001), and iron/vitamin C have the greatest weight in the negative associations between antioxidant complex and obesity, as well as abdominal obesity. In addition, the RCS regression showed that retinol, vitamin A, α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, vitamin C, iron, and copper all had a non-linear association with obesity. Threshold effect analysis demonstrated that the inflection points of retinol, vitamin A, α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, vitamin C, iron, and cooper were 235.57, 374.81, 58.89, 891.44, 30.70, 43,410.00, 11,240.00, and 990.00 μg/day, respectively.ConclusionOur study found that a high level of a complex of 11 dietary antioxidants is related to a lower prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity, among this inverse associations iron and vitamin C have the greatest weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhu Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haifeng Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chengzi Tian
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bihui Huang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Ma, ; Youpeng Chen, ; Bihui Huang,
| | - Youpeng Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Ma, ; Youpeng Chen, ; Bihui Huang,
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Ma, ; Youpeng Chen, ; Bihui Huang,
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13
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Carr AC, Zawari M. Does Aging Have an Impact on Vitamin C Status and Requirements? A Scoping Review of Comparative Studies of Aging and Institutionalisation. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040915. [PMID: 36839273 PMCID: PMC9967583 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The global healthcare burden of an aging population continues to increase, with nearly a quarter of the total global burden of disease attributable to people aged ≥60 years. Older people are at greater risk of micronutrient deficiencies, including immune-supportive vitamin C, which is both a contributor to and a consequence of acute and chronic illnesses. However, whether healthy aging, per se, is associated with depleted vitamin C status and increased requirements for the vitamin is less certain. A systematic scoping review was carried out to assess comparative studies that reported the vitamin C status and prevalence of deficiency in older versus younger people and in older people relative to residential status. Furthermore, vitamin C requirements were assessed through comparative studies reporting vitamin C status and pharmacokinetics in older people relative to younger people. Overall, there was limited evidence to suggest that healthy aging, per se, is related to lower vitamin C status or higher requirements for the vitamin. However, institutionalised elderly had lower vitamin C status and enhanced vitamin C requirements, primarily as a result of low intakes and/or chronic illnesses, which were not being met by hospital or residential diets. Because institutionalised elderly are vulnerable to malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, it is imperative that appropriate nutritional interventions are instigated to provide optimal micronutrient intake to support healthy aging.
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Mazaheri-Tehrani S, Yazdi M, Heidari-Beni M, Yazdani Z, Kelishadi R. The association between vitamin C dietary intake and its serum levels with anthropometric indices: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2023; 51:101733. [PMID: 36774847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND studies showed inflammatory background of overweight and obesity. Prevalence of weight disorders has dramatically increased over the past few decades. Vitamin C is an antioxidant and may be associated with weight disorders. This study aims to systematically review the relationship between dietary and serum vitamin C levels with anthropometric indices. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in Medline database (PubMed), Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library and Google Scholar up to the end of August 2021. All observational studies that assessed the relationship between dietary or circulating vitamin C levels and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) on adults were included. The quality of included studies was assessed using the National Institute of Health quality assessment tool. RESULTS Among 11,689 studies, 47 and 37 articles were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. There was an inverse significant correlation between WC and serum vitamin C levels (r = -0.28, 95% CI: -0.35,-0.21, I2 = 14.2%) and between BMI and serum vitamin C levels (r = -0.17, 95% CI: -0.25, -0.09, I2 = 72.8%). Higher vitamin C consumption was significantly associated with lower BMI. There were no significant differences in serum vitamin C levels between normal-weight and overweight subjects, but serum vitamin C levels were significantly higher in obese subjects in comparison with normal-weight subjects. CONCLUSION Results showed that both dietary and serum vitamin C levels were inversely associated with BMI and WC. More well-designed clinical trials are needed to assess the effect of vitamin C supplementation in prevention and treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Mazaheri-Tehrani
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Yazdi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Motahar Heidari-Beni
- Department of Nutrition, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Zahra Yazdani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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15
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Characteristics of Physiological Parameters of Japanese Black Calves Relate to Carcass Weight. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030487. [PMID: 36766379 PMCID: PMC9913633 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the growth performance and blood factors associated with carcass weight in Japanese Black calves based on 675 performance tests and field carcass records. We measured the body weight, withers height, and chest girth at the start of fattening age (approximately 8-10 months) and analyzed eight blood factors, including vitamins and metabolites. Single- and two-trait animal models were used to estimate the heritability and genetic correlations. The heritability estimates for growth performance were moderate to high (ranging from 0.48 to 0.74), and those for blood metabolites were low to moderate (ranging from 0.19 to 0.51). Estimates for genetic correlations of carcass or body weight with body weight, withers height, and chest girth were high (ranging from 0.42 to 0.80). The body weight and withers height at 8 months of age are possibly closely related to the final carcass weight. The blood metabolites associated with body weight were vitamin E in steers (castrated males) and β-carotene in heifers. Our findings indicate that body measurements and blood metabolites measured during the growing period could be used to determine the nutritional and physiological status of cattle as well as predict carcass weight.
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16
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Influence of Vitamin D and C on Bone Marrow Edema Syndrome-A Scoping Review of the Literature. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11226820. [PMID: 36431295 PMCID: PMC9696648 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11226820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow edema syndrome (BMES) is a rare disease with a largely unknown etiology. The aim of this scoping review is to systematically evaluate and combine the available evidence about vitamin D and C and BMES. The analysis of the manuscripts was based on country of origin, number of patients, gender, study type, epidemiology, localization, bone mineral density measurements, vitamin status and therapy. Sixty studies were included. The overall number of patients was 823 with a male-to-female ratio of 1.55:1 and a mean age of 40.9 years. Studies were very heterogeneous and of diverging scientific scope with a weak level of evidence. The hip was the most affected joint, followed by the foot and ankle and the knee; 18.3% of patients suffered from multifocal BMES. Sixteen studies reported on vitamin D levels, resulting in a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (47%) and insufficiency (17.9%) among BMES patients. Three BME manuscripts were associated with vitamin C deficiency. Current therapeutic interventions include conservative measures (mainly unloading), various osteoactive drugs and iloprost. In summary, data about BMES in association with vitamin status is limited. A causal relationship between vitamin D or vitamin C status, osteopenia, and BMES cannot be determined from the existing literature.
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17
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Peng H, Wang M, Pan L, Cao Z, Yao Z, Chen Q, Li Y, Wang Y, Lv W. Associations of serum multivitamin levels with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A population-based cross-sectional study in U.S. adults. Front Nutr 2022; 9:962705. [PMID: 36172527 PMCID: PMC9511103 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.962705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamins were closely associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development, but no study had explored the association of serum multivitamin levels with NAFLD risk. We assessed the association between serum levels of both single-vitamin and multivitamins (VA, VB6, VB9, VB12, VC, VD, and VE) and the risk of NAFLD, using the database of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (cycles 2003–2004 and 2005–2006). We employed multivariable logistic regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models to explore the association of serum multivitamin levels with NAFLD. Among all 2,294 participants, 969 participants with NAFLD were more likely to be male, older, less educated, or have hypertension/high cholesterol/diabetes. After adjustment of covariates, serum VC/VD/VB6/VB9 levels were negatively correlated with NAFLD risk, while serum VA/VE levels were positively correlated with NAFLD risk. In the WQS model, elevated serum VA/VE levels and lowered serum VC/VD/VB6 levels were linearly associated with increased NAFLD risk. There was a non-linear relationship between serum VB9/VB12 levels and NAFLD risk. There were evident associations between serum multivitamin levels and reduced NAFLD risk, which was mainly driven by VD/VB9/VC. In conclusion, our findings suggested that serum multivitamin levels were significantly associated with the risk of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Peng
- Department of Infection, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongye Peng,
| | - Miyuan Wang
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Pan
- Phase 1 Clinical Trial Center, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, China
| | - Zhengmin Cao
- Department of Infection, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziang Yao
- Department of Infection, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuye Chen
- Department of Infection, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbo Li
- Department of Infection, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Phase 1 Clinical Trial Center, Deyang People’s Hospital, Deyang, China
| | - Wenliang Lv
- Department of Infection, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Wenliang Lv,
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Rios-Lugo MJ, Palos-Lucio AG, Victoria-Campos CI, Lugo-Trampe A, Trujillo-Murillo KDC, López-García MA, Espinoza-Ruiz M, Romero-Guzmán ET, Hernández-Mendoza H, Chang-Rueda C. Sex-Specific Association between Fasting Plasma Glucose and Serum Selenium Levels in Adults from Southern Mexico. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10091665. [PMID: 36141277 PMCID: PMC9498661 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that by its antioxidant properties has been studied to elucidate its participation in the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. We evaluated the association between cardiometabolic traits and serum Se levels in a sample of adults from southern Mexico. In 96 nondiabetic individuals, anthropometric data and clinical biochemistry measurements were analyzed. Serum total Se levels were measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Serum Se level in the whole sample was 10.309 ± 3.031 μg mL−1 and no difference between the women and men was observed (p = 0.09). Additionally, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was significantly associated with serum Se level (β = −0.07 ± 0.03, p = 0.02, analysis adjusted for age, sex and BMI). Furthermore, sex shows significant interaction with FPG on the serum Se levels (p = 0.01). A follow-up analysis revealed the particular association between FPG and Se levels in women (β = −0.10 ± 0.04, p = 0.01). In conclusion, our data evidenced a women-specific association between FPG and serum Se levels in a sample of adults from southern Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Judith Rios-Lugo
- Sección de Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina (CICSaB), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda Sierra Leona 550, San Luis 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Unidad de Posgrado, Facultad de Enfermería y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda. Niño Artillero 130, San Luis Potosí 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Ana Gabriela Palos-Lucio
- Unidad de Posgrado, Facultad de Enfermería y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda. Niño Artillero 130, San Luis Potosí 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Claudia Inés Victoria-Campos
- Sección de Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina (CICSaB), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda Sierra Leona 550, San Luis 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Unidad de Posgrado, Facultad de Enfermería y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avda. Niño Artillero 130, San Luis Potosí 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Angel Lugo-Trampe
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Campus IV, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Carretera a Puerto Madero Km 1.5, Tapachula 30580, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Karina Del Carmen Trujillo-Murillo
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Campus IV, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Carretera a Puerto Madero Km 1.5, Tapachula 30580, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Maximiliano Arahon López-García
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Campus IV, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Carretera a Puerto Madero Km 1.5, Tapachula 30580, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Marisol Espinoza-Ruiz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Campus IV, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Carretera a Puerto Madero Km 1.5, Tapachula 30580, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Teresita Romero-Guzmán
- Departamento de Química, Gerencia de Ciencias Básicas, Dirección de Investigación Científica, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera Mexico-Toluca s/n, La Marquesa, Ocoyoacác 52750, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Héctor Hernández-Mendoza
- Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Altair 200, San Luis 78377, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Universidad del Centro de Mexico, Capitán Caldera 75, San Luis 78250, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Hospital General de Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, Secretaría de Salud, Valentín Amador 1112, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez 78435, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Correspondence: (H.H.-M.); (C.C.-R.)
| | - Consuelo Chang-Rueda
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Campus IV, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Carretera a Puerto Madero Km 1.5, Tapachula 30580, Chiapas, Mexico
- Correspondence: (H.H.-M.); (C.C.-R.)
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Suboptimal Plasma Vitamin C Is Associated with Lower Bone Mineral Density in Young and Early Middle-Aged Men: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173556. [PMID: 36079812 PMCID: PMC9459983 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to evaluate associations between bone mineral density (BMD) and four selected circulating nutrients, particularly vitamin C, among adults aged 20−49 years. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the lumbar spine BMD of 866 men and 589 women were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and divided into tertiles, respectively. Logistic regressions were used to identify the predictors of low BMD by comparing subjects with the highest BMD to those with the lowest. Results: Multivariate logistic regressions identified suboptimal plasma vitamin C (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16, 2.31), suboptimal serum vitamin B12 (AOR 2.05, 95% CI 1.02, 4.12), and low BMI (BMI < 23) (AOR 1.68, 95% CI 1.12, 2.53) as independent predictors for low BMD in men. In women, low BMI was the only independent predictor for low BMD. Plasma vitamin C, categorized as suboptimal (≤8.8 mg/L) and sufficient (>8.8 mg/L), was positively significantly correlated with the lumbar spine BMD in men, but there was no association in women. Conclusions: Plasma vitamin C, categorized as suboptimal and sufficient, was positively associated with the lumbar spine BMD in young and early middle-aged men. A well-designed cohort study is needed to confirm the findings.
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Skalny AV, Serebryansky EP, Korobeinikova TV, Tsatsakis A, Vardavas C, Paoliello MMB, Sotnikova TI, Aschner M, Tinkov AA. Smoking is associated with altered serum and hair essential metal and metalloid levels in women. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 167:113249. [PMID: 35728725 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the association between smoking and essential metal (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, V, Zn) and metalloid (Se) levels in hair and serum of adult women using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In this cross-sectional study, a total of 344 women 20-70 years old including 199 smokers and 145 non-smoking women were enrolled. Serum Cu, Fe, and Zn levels in smoking women were found to be 6%, 8%, and 3% lower of levels in non-smokers, respectively. In contrast, circulating Mn, V, and especially Cr concentrations in smoking women exceeded the respective values in non-smoking women by 5%, 14%, and 54%. Hair Fe and Se levels in smoking women were 17% and 23% lower as compared to non-smoking controls, respectively. In multiple regression models, smoking severity was inversely associated with serum and hair Se concentrations, whereas the relationship to serum and hair Cr was positive. In addition, serum Zn and hair Fe levels were found to be inversely associated with the number of cigarettes per day. These findings hypothesize that health hazards of smoking may be at least in part be mediated by alteration in essential metal and metalloid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V Skalny
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Tatiana V Korobeinikova
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia; Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Constantine Vardavas
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Center for Global Tobacco Control, Harvard School of Public Health, 02115, Boston, United States
| | - Monica M B Paoliello
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Tatiana I Sotnikova
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia; City Clinical Hospital n. a, S.P. Botkin of the Moscow City Health Department, 125284, Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia; Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, 150003, Yaroslavl, Russia.
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21
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Rychter AM, Hryhorowicz S, Słomski R, Dobrowolska A, Krela-Kaźmierczak I. Antioxidant effects of vitamin E and risk of cardiovascular disease in women with obesity – a narrative review. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:1557-1565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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22
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Vitamin C status and its change in relation to glucose-lipid metabolism in overweight and obesity patients following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:1387-1392. [DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01134-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Czerwińska K, Poręba M, Prokopowicz A, Januszewska L, Jaremków A, Markiewicz-Górka I, Martynowicz H, Mazur G, Poręba R, Pawlas K, Gać P. Association Between Serum Selenium Concentration and OPG/RANKL/RANK Axis in Patients with Arterial Hypertension. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:620-630. [PMID: 35412194 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09741-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the serum selenium concentration (Se-S) and the blood concentrations of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) and the OPG/RANKL ratio in patients with arterial hypertension. The study group comprised 138 patients with arterial hypertension (age: 56.04 ± 11.59 years). Se-S was determined in all the subjects. Based on the Se-S, the following subgroups were distinguished: a subgroup of patients with a lower Se-S ("low-Se", Se-S < median) and a subgroup of patients with a higher Se-S ("high-Se", Se-S ≥ median). Moreover, the blood concentrations of the parameters of bone metabolism and extraskeletal calcification were assessed: OPG and RANKL. The OPG/RANKL ratio was calculated. In the "low-Se" subgroup, the RANKL concentration was statistically significantly lower, and the OPG/RANKL ratio was statistically significantly higher than in the patients in the "high-Se" subgroup. The correlation analysis showed the negative linear relationships between Se-S and OPG (r = - 0.25, p < 0.05) and between Se-S and OPG/RANKL (r = - 0.47, p < 0.05). Moreover, Se-S positively correlated with RANKL (r = 0.33, p < 0.05). In regression analysis, higher body mass index (BMI), smoking and lower Se-S were independently associated with a higher OPG/RANKL ratio, while lower BMI, use of diuretics, β-blockers and ACE inhibitors and lower OPG/RANKL ratio with effective blood pressure control. In summary, in the group of patients with arterial hypertension, lower Se-S is associated with an unfavourable prognostic panel of parameters of bone metabolism and extraskeletal calcification. Lower Se-S is an independent risk factor for a higher OPG/RANKL ratio, which is an independent prediction factor of ineffective blood pressure control in patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Czerwińska
- Department of Population Health, Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Poręba
- Department of Paralympic Sports, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Witelona 25a, 51-617, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Adam Prokopowicz
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health in Sosnowiec, Kościelna 13, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Lidia Januszewska
- Department of Population Health, Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Jaremków
- Department of Population Health, Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Iwona Markiewicz-Górka
- Department of Population Health, Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Helena Martynowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Mazur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rafał Poręba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krystyna Pawlas
- Department of Population Health, Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paweł Gać
- Department of Population Health, Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland.
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Seyni-Boureima R, Zhang Z, Antoine MMLK, Antoine-Frank CD. A review on the anesthetic management of obese patients undergoing surgery. BMC Anesthesiol 2022; 22:98. [PMID: 35382771 PMCID: PMC8985303 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-022-01579-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been an observed increase in theprevalence of obesity over the past few decades. The prevalence of anesthesiology related complications is also observed more frequently in obese patients as compared to patients that are not obese. Due to the increased complications that accompany obesity, obese patients are now more often requiring surgical interventions. Therefore, it is important that anesthesiologists be aware of this development and is equipped to manage these patients effectively and appropriately. As a result, this review highlights the effective management of obese patients undergoing surgery focusing on the preoperative, perioperative and postoperative care of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimanatou Seyni-Boureima
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, East Lake Road, 430071, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zongze Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, East Lake Road, 430071, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Malyn M L K Antoine
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, East Lake Road, 430071, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chrystal D Antoine-Frank
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, True Blue,Grand Anse, West Indies, St. George, Grenada
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25
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Xu J, Guertin KA, Gaddis NC, Agler AH, Parker RS, Feldman JM, Kristal AR, Arnold KB, Goodman PJ, Tangen CM, Hancock DB, Cassano PA. Change in plasma α-tocopherol associations with attenuated pulmonary function decline and with CYP4F2 missense variation. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 115:1205-1216. [PMID: 35040869 PMCID: PMC8970985 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin E (vitE) is hypothesized to attenuate age-related decline in pulmonary function. OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between change in plasma vitE (∆vitE) and pulmonary function decline [forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)] and examined genetic and nongenetic factors associated with ∆vitE. METHODS We studied 1144 men randomly assigned to vitE in SELECT (Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial). ∆vitE was the difference between baseline and year 3 vitE concentrations measured with GC-MS. FEV1 was measured longitudinally by spirometry. We genotyped 555 men (vitE-only arm) using the Illumina Expanded Multi-Ethnic Genotyping Array (MEGAex). We used mixed-effects linear regression modeling to examine the ∆vitE-FEV1 association. RESULTS Higher ∆vitE was associated with lower baseline α-tocopherol (α-TOH), higher baseline γ-tocopherol, higher baseline free cholesterol, European ancestry (as opposed to African) (all P < 0.05), and the minor allele of a missense variant in cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 2 (CYP4F2) (rs2108622-T; 2.4 µmol/L higher ∆vitE, SE: 0.8 µmol/L; P = 0.0032). Higher ∆vitE was associated with attenuated FEV1 decline, with stronger effects in adherent participants (≥80% of supplements consumed): a statistically significant ∆vitE × time interaction (P = 0.014) indicated that a 1-unit increase in ∆vitE was associated with a 2.2-mL/y attenuation in FEV1 decline (SE: 0.9 mL/y). The effect size for 1 SD higher ∆vitE (+4 µmol/mmol free-cholesterol-adjusted α-TOH) was roughly one-quarter of the effect of 1 y of aging, but in the opposite direction. The ∆vitE-FEV1 association was similar in never smokers (2.4-mL/y attenuated FEV1 decline, SE: 1.0 mL/y; P = 0.017, n = 364), and current smokers (2.8-mL/y, SE: 1.6 mL/y; P = 0.079, n = 214), but there was little to no effect in former smokers (-0.64-mL/y, SE: 0.9 mL/y; P = 0.45, n = 564). CONCLUSIONS Greater response to vitE supplementation was associated with attenuated FEV1 decline. The response to supplementation differed by rs2108622 such that individuals with the C allele, compared with the T allele, may need a higher dietary intake to reach the same plasma vitE concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Xu
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristin A Guertin
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Nathan C Gaddis
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Anne H Agler
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Abbott, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Robert S Parker
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jared M Feldman
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Alan R Kristal
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Dana B Hancock
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Patricia A Cassano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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26
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Tian T, Shao J, Shen Z, Sun X, Liu Y, Cao L, Geng Y, Song B. Association of serum vitamin C with all-cause and cause-specific death: Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2003-2006). Nutrition 2022; 101:111696. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Simić A, Hansen AF, Syversen T, Lierhagen S, Ciesielski TM, Romundstad PR, Midthjell K, Åsvold BO, Flaten TP. Trace elements in whole blood in the general population in Trøndelag County, Norway: The HUNT3 Survey. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150875. [PMID: 34634345 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomonitoring of a cohort within a large health survey can provide reliable information on trace element status. The main aims of this study were 1) to determine the concentrations of 28 trace elements in whole blood samples from the general population of the Nord-Trøndelag region, Norway, and 2) to investigate how trace element concentrations vary with geographical area, lifestyle, and socio-demographic factors. METHODS Whole blood samples were collected in the third survey of the Trøndelag Health Survey (HUNT3), a large population-based study in Norway. In total, 1011 whole blood samples from individuals aged 20-91 years were analyzed using high resolution inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS). We compared trace element concentrations (As, B, Be, Br, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cs, Cu, Ga, Au, In, Fe, Pb, Hg, Tl, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Sc, Se, Ag, Sr, Sn, W and Zn) between three geographical areas (coastal, fjord/town, inland/mountain) using multivariable linear regression and assessed differences in trace element concentrations with socio-demographic and lifestyle factors using general linear models. RESULTS Trace element concentrations were generally comparable to levels reported in other recent studies and suggest low exposure to toxic trace elements in the region. We found geographical differences in concentrations of 19 trace elements. As, Br, Hg, and Se concentrations were higher on the coast compared to the fjord/town and inland/mountain areas, suggesting that the marine environment is an important source of exposure for these trace elements. In addition, socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics, particularly age and sex, were associated with differences in trace element concentrations. CONCLUSIONS We report concentrations of 28 trace elements in the general population of a rural region with low exposure to pollution. Whole blood concentrations of trace elements varied with geographical area, the participants' lifestyle, and socio-demographic characteristics, highlighting the importance of considering these factors when evaluating trace element status in a population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anica Simić
- Department of Chemistry, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Ailin Falkmo Hansen
- Department of Chemistry, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tore Syversen
- Department of Neuroscience, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Syverin Lierhagen
- Department of Chemistry, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Pål Richard Romundstad
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristian Midthjell
- HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Bjørn Olav Åsvold
- Department of Chemistry, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Department of Endocrinology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Trond Peder Flaten
- Department of Chemistry, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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28
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Garbim MR, Broto GE, Trigo FC, Victorino VJ, Oliveira STD, Barbosa Sabatini D, Panis C. Chemotherapy induces plasmatic antioxidant changes in pediatric patients with acute lymphoid leukemia B that correlate to disease prognosis. CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 3:228-233. [PMID: 36189176 PMCID: PMC9523196 DOI: 10.1016/j.crimmu.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric acute lymphoid leukemias (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer, and cytotoxic chemotherapy remains the primary treatment option. Chemotherapic drugs act by oxidative stress generation, but their clinical meaning is poorly understood. During the chemotherapy schedule, this study evaluated the antioxidant profile of peripheral blood samples from 34 patients diagnosed with type B-cell ALL (B-ALL). Peripheral blood samples were collected at diagnosis (D0) and during the induction, consolidation, and maintenance phases. The plasma total antioxidant capacity (TRAP) was determined using the high-sensitivity chemiluminescence technique. Antioxidant levels were higher on D0 compared to day 7 after treatment starting (D7) in the induction phase (28.68–1194.71 μM Trolox, p = 0.0178) and in the high-risk group (age > ten years and/or with white blood cell counts and/or > 50,000 white blood cells/m3 at diagnosis) concerning low-risk patients (253.79–1194.71 μM Trolox, p = 0.0314). Reduced TRAP was also detected in patients who died compared to those who survived (392.42–1194.71 μM Trolox, p = 0.0278). Patients under consolidation (56.14–352.05 μM Trolox, p=<0.0001) and maintenance (30.48–672.99 μM Trolox, p=<0.0001) showed a significant reduction in TRAP levels compared to those from the induction phase (28.68–1390.26 μM Trolox), reaching levels similar to cured patients out of treatment (64.82–437.82 μM Trolox). These findings suggest that the variation of the total antioxidant capacity in B-ALL during chemotherapy is a parameter that correlates to some predictors of disease prognosis. ALL is the most common neoplasia in children. Oxidative stress is reported in ALL patients, but the relationship between antioxidants and disease profile is unknown. Changes in blood antioxidants during chemotherapy correlates to survival and risk stratification in childhood ALL.
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Cui Y, Zhou HL, Wei MH, Song WJ, Di DS, Zhang RY, Wei S, Liu JA, Wang Q. Multiple vitamin co-exposure and mortality risk: A prospective study. Clin Nutr 2021; 41:337-347. [PMID: 34999328 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Existing epidemiological studies explored the associations of circulating vitamins and mortality focusing on individual vitamin effects, and controversial findings were obtained. The joint effects of multiple vitamin co-exposure are worth studying. The study aimed to elucidate the associations of circulating vitamins and the joint effects of these vitamins' co-exposure with all-cause and cause-specific mortality risks. METHODS We prospectively evaluated the associations of the concentrations of six kinds of vitamins (A, D, E, C, B12 and B9) in serum with risks for all-cause and cause-specific mortalities among U.S. adults. Mortality status and cause of death were determined by NHANES-linked public available files dated up to 31 December 2015. An unsupervised K-means clustering method was used to cluster the participants into several vitamin co-exposure patterns. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 1404 deaths occurred during a median of 10.9 years follow-up among 8295 participants. In multivariable adjustment, increasing levels of vitamin D were associated with reduced all-cause and cause-specific mortality risks. A J-shaped nonlinear exposure-response relationship was observed between all studied vitamins (except for vitamin D) and all-cause mortality risk. Four co-exposure patterns were generated based on the studied vitamins, as follows: low-level exposure (cluster 1), vitamin A/D exposure (cluster 2), water-soluble vitamin exposure (cluster 3) and high-level exposure (cluster 4). Compared with those in cluster 1, participants in cluster 2 had lower all-cause and cancer mortality risks, with hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) of 0.67 (0.53, 0.85) and 0.45 (0.29, 0.71), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The findings in this study indicated that high circulating vitamin D levels were associated with reduced mortality risk among U.S. adults. Vitamin co-exposure at moderate levels appropriately contributed to low all-cause and cancer mortality risks. Our findings provided a novel perspective for exploring the joint health effects of multivitamin co-exposure. Future investigations are needed to further unravel the underlying mechanisms of possible vitamin interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cui
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hao-Long Zhou
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Mu-Hong Wei
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wen-Jing Song
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Di
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ru-Yi Zhang
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jun-An Liu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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30
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Clergue-Duval V, Azuar J, Fonsart J, Delage C, Rollet D, Amami J, Frapsauce A, Gautron MA, Hispard E, Bellivier F, Bloch V, Laplanche JL, Questel F, Vorspan F. Ascorbic Acid Deficiency Prevalence and Associated Cognitive Impairment in Alcohol Detoxification Inpatients: A Pilot Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121892. [PMID: 34942994 PMCID: PMC8750659 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition has been reported in alcohol use disorder patients as having a possible influence on cognitive function. The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of ascorbic acid (AA) deficiency in inpatients admitted for alcohol detoxification and the associated factors, including cognitive impairment in the early period of abstinence. A retrospective chart review was conducted. The AA level was categorised into three groups: deficiency (AAD) (<2 mg/L), insufficiency (AAI) (2–5 mg/L) and normal level. The cognitive impairment was screened using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Ninety-six patients were included (74 men; mean age 49.1 years (±11.5)). Twenty-seven AAD (28.1%) and twenty-two AAI (22.9%) were observed. In multivariate analysis, risk factors for AAD versus normal AA level were men (OR 17.8, 95%CI (1.63–194)), compensated cirrhosis (OR 9.35, 95%CI (1.60–54.6)) and street homelessness (OR 5.76, 95%CI (1.24–26.8) versus personal housing). The MoCA score was available for 53 patients (mean MoCA score: 25.7 (±3.3)). In multivariate analysis, the natural logarithm of AA (β = 1.18, p = 0.037) and sedative use disorder (β = −2.77, p = 0.046) were associated with the MoCA score. AAD and AAI are frequent in inpatients admitted for alcohol detoxification. A low level of AA was associated with cognitive impairment in the early period of abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgile Clergue-Duval
- APHP GHU Nord, Site Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75010 Paris, France; (J.A.); (D.R.); (J.A.); (E.H.); (F.B.); (F.Q.); (F.V.)
- Inserm UMRS-1144 Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (C.D.); (V.B.); (J.-L.L.)
- FHU Network of Research in Substance Use Disorders (NOR-SUD), 75006 Paris, France;
- UFR de Médecine, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
- Resalcog (Réseau Pour la Prise en Charge des Troubles Cognitifs Liés à L’alcool), 75017 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Julien Azuar
- APHP GHU Nord, Site Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75010 Paris, France; (J.A.); (D.R.); (J.A.); (E.H.); (F.B.); (F.Q.); (F.V.)
- Inserm UMRS-1144 Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (C.D.); (V.B.); (J.-L.L.)
- FHU Network of Research in Substance Use Disorders (NOR-SUD), 75006 Paris, France;
- Resalcog (Réseau Pour la Prise en Charge des Troubles Cognitifs Liés à L’alcool), 75017 Paris, France
| | - Julien Fonsart
- APHP GHU Nord, Site Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Département de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, 75010 Paris, France;
| | - Clément Delage
- Inserm UMRS-1144 Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (C.D.); (V.B.); (J.-L.L.)
- APHP GHU Nord, Site Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Service de Pharmacie, 75010 Paris, France;
| | - Dorian Rollet
- APHP GHU Nord, Site Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75010 Paris, France; (J.A.); (D.R.); (J.A.); (E.H.); (F.B.); (F.Q.); (F.V.)
- FHU Network of Research in Substance Use Disorders (NOR-SUD), 75006 Paris, France;
| | - Jihed Amami
- APHP GHU Nord, Site Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75010 Paris, France; (J.A.); (D.R.); (J.A.); (E.H.); (F.B.); (F.Q.); (F.V.)
- FHU Network of Research in Substance Use Disorders (NOR-SUD), 75006 Paris, France;
| | - Alexia Frapsauce
- APHP GHU Nord, Site Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Service de Pharmacie, 75010 Paris, France;
| | - Marie-Astrid Gautron
- FHU Network of Research in Substance Use Disorders (NOR-SUD), 75006 Paris, France;
- APHP GHU Nord, Site Beaujon, Unité de Traitement Ambulatoire des Maladies Addictives, 92110 Clichy, France
| | - Eric Hispard
- APHP GHU Nord, Site Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75010 Paris, France; (J.A.); (D.R.); (J.A.); (E.H.); (F.B.); (F.Q.); (F.V.)
- FHU Network of Research in Substance Use Disorders (NOR-SUD), 75006 Paris, France;
| | - Frank Bellivier
- APHP GHU Nord, Site Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75010 Paris, France; (J.A.); (D.R.); (J.A.); (E.H.); (F.B.); (F.Q.); (F.V.)
- Inserm UMRS-1144 Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (C.D.); (V.B.); (J.-L.L.)
- FHU Network of Research in Substance Use Disorders (NOR-SUD), 75006 Paris, France;
- UFR de Médecine, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Vanessa Bloch
- Inserm UMRS-1144 Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (C.D.); (V.B.); (J.-L.L.)
- FHU Network of Research in Substance Use Disorders (NOR-SUD), 75006 Paris, France;
- APHP GHU Nord, Site Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Service de Pharmacie, 75010 Paris, France;
- UFR de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Laplanche
- Inserm UMRS-1144 Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (C.D.); (V.B.); (J.-L.L.)
- APHP GHU Nord, Site Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Département de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, 75010 Paris, France;
- UFR de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Frank Questel
- APHP GHU Nord, Site Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75010 Paris, France; (J.A.); (D.R.); (J.A.); (E.H.); (F.B.); (F.Q.); (F.V.)
- Inserm UMRS-1144 Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (C.D.); (V.B.); (J.-L.L.)
- FHU Network of Research in Substance Use Disorders (NOR-SUD), 75006 Paris, France;
- Resalcog (Réseau Pour la Prise en Charge des Troubles Cognitifs Liés à L’alcool), 75017 Paris, France
| | - Florence Vorspan
- APHP GHU Nord, Site Lariboisière Fernand-Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75010 Paris, France; (J.A.); (D.R.); (J.A.); (E.H.); (F.B.); (F.Q.); (F.V.)
- Inserm UMRS-1144 Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (C.D.); (V.B.); (J.-L.L.)
- FHU Network of Research in Substance Use Disorders (NOR-SUD), 75006 Paris, France;
- UFR de Médecine, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
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Röllin HB, Channa K, Olutola B, Odland JØ. Selenium Status, Its Interaction with Selected Essential and Toxic Elements, and a Possible Sex-Dependent Response In Utero, in a South African Birth Cohort. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168344. [PMID: 34444090 PMCID: PMC8392010 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element and its deficiency in utero may affect fetus development and birth outcomes. The current study aimed to assess serum Se status at delivery and examine the possible association between Se levels and birth outcomes. The interaction of Se with selected essential and toxic elements as well as possible sex-dependent responses in utero were also evaluated. The negative association between Se levels and head circumference of neonates was evident in the total cohort (β = −0.164; p < 0.001) as well as in the pre-term and full-term cohorts. Significant positive correlations were found between maternal serum Se concentrations and zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in the total and regional cohorts. In the total cohort, the toxic elements lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) showed a negative correlation with Se levels, while mercury (Hg), aluminum (Al) and cadmium (Cd) showed a positive correlation. The study found a sex-dependent response in utero for Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg, and Al. The findings of the current study may inform reproductive health policy on Se status in South Africa and highlight the need for sensitive methods to measure Se intake during pregnancy and its complex interactions with other micronutrients and environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina B. Röllin
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; (B.O.); (J.Ø.O.)
- Environment and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg 2094, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-12-356-3261
| | - Kalavati Channa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Lancet Laboratories, Johannesburg 2090, South Africa;
| | - Bukola Olutola
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; (B.O.); (J.Ø.O.)
- School of Engineering, IT, Science and Health, Independent Institute of Education-Monash, Roodepoort 1724, South Africa
| | - Jon Øyvind Odland
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; (B.O.); (J.Ø.O.)
- Department of Community Medicine and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of General Hygiene, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
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Associations between Urinary and Dietary Selenium and Blood Metabolic Parameters in a Healthy Northern Italy Population. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081193. [PMID: 34439441 PMCID: PMC8389012 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is both an essential nutrient and a highly toxic element, depending on its dose and chemical forms. We aimed to quantify urinary selenium excretion and dietary selenium intake in 137 healthy non-smoking blood donors living in the northern Italian province of Reggio Emilia. We assessed selenium status by determining urinary selenium levels (mean 26.77 µg/L), and by estimating dietary selenium intake (mean 84.09 µg/day) using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Fasting blood levels of glucose, lipids and thyroid-stimulating hormone were measured using automatized laboratory procedures. Dietary and urinary selenium were correlated (beta coefficient (β) = 0.19). Despite this, the association of the two indicators with health endpoints tended to diverge. Using linear regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, cotinine levels and alcohol intake, we observed a positive association between urinary selenium and blood triglyceride (β = 0.14), LDL-cholesterol (β = 0.07) and glucose levels (β = 0.08), and an inverse one with HDL-cholesterol (β = −0.12). Concerning dietary selenium, a slightly positive association could be found with glycemic levels only (β = 0.02), while a negative one emerged for other endpoints. The two selenium indicators showed conflicting and statistically highly imprecise associations with circulating TSH levels. Our findings suggest that higher selenium exposure is adversely associated with blood glucose levels and lipid profile. This is the case even at selenium exposures not exceeding tolerable upper intake levels according to current guidelines.
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Zahed H, Johansson M, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Milne RL, Giles GG, Manjer J, Sandsveden M, Langhammer A, Sørgjerd EP, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Freedman ND, Huang WY, Chen C, Prentice R, Stevens VL, Wang Y, Le Marchand L, Wilkens LR, Weinstein SJ, Albanes D, Cai Q, Blot WJ, Arslan AA, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Shu XO, Zheng W, Yuan JM, Koh WP, Visvanathan K, Sesso HD, Zhang X, Gaziano JM, Fanidi A, Muller D, Brennan P, Guida F, Robbins HA. Epidemiology of 40 blood biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism, vitamin status, inflammation, and renal and endothelial function among cancer-free older adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13805. [PMID: 34226613 PMCID: PMC8257595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Imbalances of blood biomarkers are associated with disease, and biomarkers may also vary non-pathologically across population groups. We described variation in concentrations of biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism, vitamin status, inflammation including tryptophan metabolism, and endothelial and renal function among cancer-free older adults. We analyzed 5167 cancer-free controls aged 40-80 years from 20 cohorts in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3). Centralized biochemical analyses of 40 biomarkers in plasma or serum were performed. We fit multivariable linear mixed effects models to quantify variation in standardized biomarker log-concentrations across four factors: age, sex, smoking status, and body mass index (BMI). Differences in most biomarkers across most factors were small, with 93% (186/200) of analyses showing an estimated difference lower than 0.25 standard-deviations, although most were statistically significant due to large sample size. The largest difference was for creatinine by sex, which was - 0.91 standard-deviations lower in women than men (95%CI - 0.98; - 0.84). The largest difference by age was for total cysteine (0.40 standard-deviation increase per 10-year increase, 95%CI 0.36; 0.43), and by BMI was for C-reactive protein (0.38 standard-deviation increase per 5-kg/m2 increase, 95%CI 0.34; 0.41). For 31 of 40 markers, the mean difference between current and never smokers was larger than between former and never smokers. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) association with time since smoking cessation was observed for 8 markers, including C-reactive protein, kynurenine, choline, and total homocysteine. We conclude that most blood biomarkers show small variations across demographic characteristics. Patterns by smoking status point to normalization of multiple physiological processes after smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Zahed
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Department of Surgery, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Malte Sandsveden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Hunt Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Elin Pettersen Sørgjerd
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Hunt Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Levanger, Norway
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umea University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umea University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - Ross Prentice
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | | | - Ying Wang
- American Cancer Society, Atlanta, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, USA
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, USA
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | | | - Alan A Arslan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Comprehensive Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
- Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Comprehensive Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA
| | | | - Kala Visvanathan
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baltimore, USA
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | | | - David Muller
- Imperial College London School of Public Health, London, UK
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Guida
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Hilary A Robbins
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France.
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Azizi-Soleiman F, Khoshhali M, Heidari-Beni M, Qorbani M, Kelishadi R. Association between Dietary Antioxidant Quality Score and Anthropometric Measurements in Children and Adolescents: The Weight Disorders Survey of the CASPIAN-IV Study. J Trop Pediatr 2021; 67:5897190. [PMID: 32844219 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited experience exists on the relationship between anthropometric measures and dietary antioxidant intake in the pediatric age group. We aimed to investigate the association of dietary antioxidants intake and anthropometric measurement in children and adolescents. METHODS This nationwide study was conducted in 4270 children and adolescents, aged 6-18 years. Demographic and anthropometric data were assessed. Children and adolescents were classified as underweight, healthy weight or overweight/obese based on body mass index percentiles. Dietary intake was obtained by a 168-item semi-quantitative validated food frequency questionnaire. Energy and nutrients intake was estimated using the Nutritionist IV software. Dietary antioxidant quality score (DAQS) was calculated based on the daily dietary intake of selenium, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E compared with daily recommended intake. RESULTS After adjustment for age, gender, living area (rural or urban), energy intake and physical activity level, DAQS was positively associated with waist circumference (WC), hip circumference and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in under-weight children and adolescents (B = 1.614, 1.634 and 0.01, respectively; all ps < 0.05). Increased DAQS was significantly associated with higher WC and WHtR in normal-weight children and adolescents (B = 0.536 and 0.003, respectively; all ps <0.05). CONCLUSION Dietary intakes of some antioxidants were higher in children and adolescents with excess weight. DAQS was correlated with some anthropometric measurements in under-weight and normal-weight subjects. It can provide a novel approach to assess the role of antioxidant intake on health promotion and diet-based therapies in under-weight and normal-weight children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Azizi-Soleiman
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mehri Khoshhali
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Motahar Heidari-Beni
- Department of Nutrition, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Department of Epidemiology, Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Epidemiology, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Barzegar-Amini M, Khorramruz F, Ghazizadeh H, Sahebi R, Mohammadi-Bajgyran M, Mohaddes Ardabili H, Tayefi M, Darroudi S, Moohebati M, Heidari-Bakavoli A, Mohammadi A, Sadeghnia HR, Ferns GA, Javad Hoseini S, Ghayour Mobarhan M. Association between serum Vitamin E concentrations and the presence of Metabolic Syndrome: A population-based cohort study. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2021; 92:e2021047. [PMID: 34212939 PMCID: PMC8343740 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v92i3.9173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of clinical and metabolic features that include central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance. These features are accompanied by increased oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defenses. Vitamin E is a major factor in the non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses. The aim of present study was to investigate the association between serum levels of vitamin E and the presence of MetS and its components in a sample population of Mashhad stroke and heart atherosclerotic disorder (MASHAD) cohort study. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out in 128 subjects with MetS and 235 subjects without MetS. MetS was defined according to the International-Diabetes-Federation criteria. Serum levels of vitamin E were measured using the HPLC method. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured using standard protocols. Results. MetS patients had significantly lower serum levels of vitamin E (Vit E), Vit E/Total cholesterol (TC), and Vit E/ (TC+triglyceride(TG)) compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Vit E/ (TG+TC) was also significantly lower in diabetics or those with elevated levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Additionally, there was a significant association between Vit E/ (TG + Total Cho) and the number of components of the metabolic syndrome (p= 0.02) Conclusions. There is a significant inverse association between indices of Vit E status and the presence of MetS. Moreover, a significantly lower Vit E/ (TC+TG) was observed along with individuals with increasing numbers of components of the MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Majid Ghayour Mobarhan
- a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:92:"c. Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran";}.
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Balendra V, Singh SK. Therapeutic potential of astaxanthin and superoxide dismutase in Alzheimer's disease. Open Biol 2021; 11:210013. [PMID: 34186009 PMCID: PMC8241491 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, the imbalance of the antioxidant system, results in an accumulation of neurotoxic proteins in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The antioxidant system is composed of exogenous and endogenous antioxidants to maintain homeostasis. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an endogenous enzymatic antioxidant that converts superoxide ions to hydrogen peroxide in cells. SOD supplementation in mice prevented cognitive decline in stress-induced cells by reducing lipid peroxidation and maintaining neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Furthermore, SOD decreased expression of BACE1 while reducing plaque burden in the brain. Additionally, Astaxanthin (AST), a potent exogenous carotenoid, scavenges superoxide anion radicals. Mice treated with AST showed slower memory decline and decreased depositions of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau protein. Currently, the neuroprotective potential of these supplements has only been examined separately in studies. However, a single antioxidant cannot sufficiently resist oxidative damage to the brain, therefore, a combinatory approach is proposed as a relevant therapy for ameliorating pathological changes in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Indian Scientific Education and Technology (ISET) Foundation, Lucknow 226002, India
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37
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Kuchan MJ, DeMichele SJ, Schimpf KJ, Chen X. α-Tocopherol Stereoisomer Profiles in Matched Human Maternal and Umbilical Cord Plasma. Curr Dev Nutr 2021; 5:nzab073. [PMID: 34104848 PMCID: PMC8178107 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND α-Tocopherol (αT) is essential for fetal development. One study has shown that the human placenta preferentially transfers the natural stereoisomer, RRR-αT. But prenatal supplements generally contain synthetic αT (S-αT). OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine if umbilical cord plasma is enriched for RRR-αT in racially diverse neonates from both uncomplicated and complicated pregnancies and if cord RRR-αT enrichment is impacted by maternal αT stereoisomer profile. METHODS We measured αT and αT stereoisomers in plasma from a randomly selected subset of 66 predominantly black and Hispanic maternal-fetal pairs from the Camden Study involving control (n = 28) and complicated pregnancies (n = 38). We collected maternal plasma at study entry (week 16 gestation; w16) and week 28 gestation (w28) and cord plasma at birth. RESULTS RRR-αT was the predominant stereoisomer in all maternal and cord plasma samples, but S-αT stereoisomers were found in most samples and comprised a high percentage of αT in some maternal-neonate pairs. Cord plasma had a higher percentage RRR-αT (P < 0.05) and lower percentage S-αT (P < 0.0001) than w28 plasma. Pregnancy status did not impact maternal or cord plasma concentrations of αT, RRR-αT, or S-αT; except plasma from complicated pregnancies was higher in S-αT at w28 than at w16 (P < 0.05). Maternal w28 αT did not correlate with cord αT. However, both maternal w28 αT and S-αT positively correlated with both cord S-αT (r = 0.340, P = 0.0049; r = 0.538, P < 0.00001) and percentage S-αT (r = 0.399, P = 0.001; r = 0.786, P < 0.00001) but negatively correlated with cord percentage RRR-αT (r = -0.399, P = 0.0009; r = -0.786, P < 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS The proportion of RRR-αT was higher in cord compared with maternal plasma in both uncomplicated and complicated pregnancies. Our data suggest that maternal S-αT raises cord S-αT and decreases the proportion of RRR-αT in the neonatal circulation. Because the bioactivities of RRR-αT and S-αT differ, this warrants future research to determine the importance of our observations to neonatal αT status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karen J Schimpf
- Abbott Nutrition, Analytical Research and Development, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xinhua Chen
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
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38
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Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Oxidative Stress and Plasma Inflammatory Biomarkers in Adults with Normal Weight, Overweight and Obesity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050813. [PMID: 34065281 PMCID: PMC8161114 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is an important pathology in public health worldwide. Obese patients are characterized by higher cardiovascular risk and a pro-inflammatory profile. Objective: To assess the oxidative stress in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and inflammatory biomarkers in plasma in adults with normal weight, overweight and obesity. Methods: One hundred and fifty adults (55-80-years-old; 60% women) from the Balearic Islands, Spain, were recruited and classified according to body mass index (BMI). Anthropometric measurements were carried out, fasting blood samples were collected and plasma and PBMCs were obtained. Biochemical parameters, hemogram, antioxidant enzyme activities and protein levels, reactive oxygen species production (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and cytokine (tumour necrosis factor, TNFα, and interleukin 6, IL-6) levels were measured. Results: Glycaemia, triglyceridemia, abdominal obesity, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were higher, and HDL-cholesterol was lower in obese patients. MDA and TNFα plasma levels were higher in the obese compared to normal-weight group, while the levels of IL-6 were higher in both obese and overweight subjects with respect to normal-weight peers. The activities of all antioxidant enzymes in PBMCs as well as the production ROS progressively increased with BMI. The protein levels of catalase in PBMCs were higher in obese and glutathione reductase in obese and overweight subjects compared to normal-weight peers. No other differences were observed. Conclusion: The current results show that overweight and obesity are related to an increase in pro-oxidant and proinflammatory status in plasma and PBMCs. The studied biomarkers may be useful for monitoring the progression/reversal of obesity.
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Huang Y, Chen H, Su Y, Liu H, Hu J, Hong K. Increased blood alpha-carotene, all-trans-Beta-carotene and lycopene levels are associated with beneficial changes in heart rate variability: a CVD-stratified analysis in an adult population-based study. Nutr J 2021; 20:43. [PMID: 33971890 PMCID: PMC8111755 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00700-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although the associations of antioxidant micronutrients, such as carotenoids and vitamins, with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been studied extensively, blood concentrations of antioxidant micronutrients and heart rate variability (HRV), which has been proven to be an indicator of cardiac autonomic control, has not been reported. We aimed to explore whether blood concentrations of antioxidant micronutrients, including carotenoids and vitamins, are associated with elevated heart rate variability (HRV (beneficial change) in a cross-sectional analysis. Methods Data were obtained from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study that includes a general adult population. A total of 1074 (aged 34–84) individuals were included. Multivariable analyses were performed to investigate the association between main blood carotenoids (total lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin, 13-cis-beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, all-trans-beta-carotene and total lycopene) and vitamins A (retinol) and E (gamma-tocopherol and alpha-tocopherol) and HRV after adjustments were made for lifestyle factors and age-related confounders. Results Pearson correlation analyses showed that the increased levels of carotenoids and vitamins were positively correlated with higher HRV (all P < 0.05). After adjustments were made for age, gender, race, body mass index(BMI), ever-smoker, number of drinking years and exercise, blood alpha-carotene, all-trans-beta-carotene and total lycopene levels were independently associated with higher HRV in the linear regression model (all P < 0.05). Sensitivity analysis by adding “ever chronic respiratory diseases” as a covariate suggested that blood concentrations of these three carotenoids were still associated with higher low-frequency (LF)-HRV and high-frequency (HF)-HRV (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, stratified analyses suggested that the associations were affected by adding “heart disease” and “hypertension” as covariates. Conclusions We provide the first evidence that elevated blood concentrations of alpha-carotene, trans-beta-carotene and lycopene are associated with beneficial changes in HRV in the general population. Daily intake of fruit and vegetables may be beneficial to increase blood carotenoid status and further prevent autonomic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuhao Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hualong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jinzhu Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Kui Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China. .,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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Karimi S, Arabi A, Shahraki T. Alcohol and the Eye. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2021; 16:260-270. [PMID: 34055263 PMCID: PMC8126742 DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v16i2.9089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we present a review of ocular conditions related to alcohol consumption. A search of the literature published from 1952 to March 2020 was performed. The titles and abstracts were screened and the eligible studies were selected. PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge database, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched. We categorized the relationship between alcohol intake and ocular conditions by the type of ocular exposure to alcohol. Accordingly, ocular findings following acute alcohol intoxication, optic neuropathy following methanol toxicity, congenital conditions related to maternal alcohol consumption, and ocular disease related to chronic alcoholism are discussed. The main feature of alcohol intoxication in the eye is abnormal eye movement. Acute optic neuropathy secondary to methyl alcohol consumption is a serious ocular disease with permanent vision loss or scotoma. Prenatal exposure to ethanol may end in fetal alcohol spectrum disease, where ocular findings are a constant component. The association between chronic alcohol consumption and increased risks of cataract, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, different types of optic neuropathy, impairment of visual quality, retinal vascular disease, and ocular surface disease has also been reported. Along with detrimental medical and social effects, the role of alcohol consumption in different ocular conditions should be considered, as alcohol-induced visual disturbances may contribute to the heavy burden of alcohol abuse on the healthcare system and overall quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Karimi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Ophthalmology, Torfeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Arabi
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Ophthalmology, Torfeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Toktam Shahraki
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Ophthalmology, Torfeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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de Moraes ACN, de Andrade CBV, Ramos IPR, Dias ML, Batista CMP, Pimentel CF, de Carvalho JJ, Goldenberg RCDS. Resveratrol promotes liver regeneration in drug-induced liver disease in mice. Food Res Int 2021; 142:110185. [PMID: 33773662 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Studies suggest that the bioactive polyphenolic compound resveratrol (RESV, trans-isomer), found naturally in certain foods such as red grapes and peanuts, may be able to ameliorate liver damage. However, the effects and efficacy of long-term treatment with RESV remain unclear. Here, we used an acetaminophen (APAP; 400 mg/kg/d for 15 days) overdose model to induce liver damage in C56BL/6 mice. Three days after the intoxication was stopped, we observed biochemical, histological and ultrastructural alterations in the livers of these mice. The APAP-treated animals were then given RESV (10 mg/kg/d) for 60 days. Blood and tissue were analyzed at days 7, 30 and 60. Our data show that long-term RESV treatment (60 days) ameliorates the liver injury caused by APAP intoxication, restoring histological features, ultrastructural organization and serum biochemical parameters (albumin, alanine aminotransferase). Ck18- and F4/80-positive cells (indicators of hepatocyte recovery) were reestablished and the number of α-SMA positive cells was normalized after long-term RESV treatment. Additionally, downregulation of the drug transporter BCRP was observed. Electron microscopy revealed that treatment with RESV was effective in restoring the shape and size of hepatic microvilli and normalizing both the number and viability of mitochondria. Taken together, these results indicate that long-term treatment with RESV is effective in alleviating liver injury caused by APAP administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Cesar Nunes de Moraes
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Biology Department, Federal Fluminense University, UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cherley Borba Vieira de Andrade
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Histology and Embryology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isalira Peroba Rezende Ramos
- Center for Structural Biology and Bio-imaging, CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marlon Lemos Dias
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cintia Marina Paz Batista
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cibele Ferreira Pimentel
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jorge Jose de Carvalho
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Regina Coeli Dos Santos Goldenberg
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, INCT-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Iqbal WA, Mendes I, Finney K, Oxley A, Lietz G. Reduced plasma carotenoids in individuals suffering from metabolic diseases with disturbances in lipid metabolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 72:879-891. [PMID: 33586569 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1882962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This review summarises the association between serum carotenoids, serum retinoids and dietary intake outcomes with obesity/overweight and individuals with metabolic diseases with disturbances in lipid metabolism. Observational studies reporting dietary intakes and serum concentrations of carotenoids and retinol were collected from Medline and Web of Science. Mean differences were calculated between "cases" (classified as obese, overweight or having a metabolic disease with disturbances in lipid metabolism; i.e. non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia or metabolic syndrome) and "comparator group" (classified as normal weight healthy individuals) and summarised in meta-analyses. Significant summary measures were observed for most serum provitamin A and non-provitamin A carotenoids. Studies reporting total serum carotenoids had shown the greatest decrease (-0.28 µmol/l [-0.33, -0.23], p<.001, I2=62.5%, n = 7). There were no significant summary measures for dietary outcomes, suggesting a physiological role of low serum carotenoids in the development of obesity and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim A Iqbal
- Plant and Microbe Group, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ines Mendes
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Divino Espírito Santo Hospital, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Kieran Finney
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anthony Oxley
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Georg Lietz
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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Micronutrients and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Related to Cardiometabolic Health: Results from the EHES-LUX Study. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010005. [PMID: 33374992 PMCID: PMC7822009 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) characteristics include chronic inflammation and elevated oxidative stress. This study assessed associations between circulating concentrations of micronutrients/phytochemicals and inflammatory/oxidative stress markers with MetS and MetS components. Adults (N = 606) from the European Health Examination Survey in Luxembourg (2013-2015) were randomly selected. We performed a multivariable logistic regression model using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator to identify MetS-associated variables. Participants with MetS had higher concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α, leptin, insulin, and vitamins E/A, but lower concentrations of adiponectin, beta-carotene, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein. A one-unit increase in log-CRP was associated with 51% greater odds of MetS (OR = 1.51 (95% CI: 1.16, 1.98)). Adults with a one-unit increase in log-leptin were 3.1 times more likely to have MetS (3.10 (2.10, 4.72)). Women with a one-unit increase in vitamin A were associated with 3% increased odds of MetS (1.03 (1.01, 1.05)), while those with a one-unit increase in log-adiponectin were associated with 82% decreased odds (0.18 (0.07, 0.46)). Chronic inflammation best characterized adults with MetS, as CRP, adiponectin, and leptin were selected as the main MetS determinants. Micronutrients did not seem to affect MetS, except for vitamin A in women.
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Cerullo G, Negro M, Parimbelli M, Pecoraro M, Perna S, Liguori G, Rondanelli M, Cena H, D’Antona G. The Long History of Vitamin C: From Prevention of the Common Cold to Potential Aid in the Treatment of COVID-19. Front Immunol 2020; 11:574029. [PMID: 33193359 PMCID: PMC7655735 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.574029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
From Pauling's theories to the present, considerable understanding has been acquired of both the physiological role of vitamin C and of the impact of vitamin C supplementation on the health. Although it is well known that a balanced diet which satisfies the daily intake of vitamin C positively affects the immune system and reduces susceptibility to infections, available data do not support the theory that oral vitamin C supplements boost immunity. No current clinical recommendations support the possibility of significantly decreasing the risk of respiratory infections by using high-dose supplements of vitamin C in a well-nourished general population. Only in restricted subgroups (e.g., athletes or the military) and in subjects with a low plasma vitamin C concentration a supplementation may be justified. Furthermore, in categories at high risk of infection (i.e., the obese, diabetics, the elderly, etc.), a vitamin C supplementation can modulate inflammation, with potential positive effects on immune response to infections. The impact of an extra oral intake of vitamin C on the duration of a cold and the prevention or treatment of pneumonia is still questioned, while, based on critical illness studies, vitamin C infusion has recently been hypothesized as a treatment for COVID-19 hospitalized patients. In this review, we focused on the effects of vitamin C on immune function, summarizing the most relevant studies from the prevention and treatment of common respiratory diseases to the use of vitamin C in critical illness conditions, with the aim of clarifying its potential application during an acute SARS-CoV2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cerullo
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Negro
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale nelle Attività Motorie e Sportive (CRIAMS)—Sport Medicine Centre, University of Pavia, Voghera, Italy
| | - Mauro Parimbelli
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale nelle Attività Motorie e Sportive (CRIAMS)—Sport Medicine Centre, University of Pavia, Voghera, Italy
| | | | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Bahrain
| | - Giorgio Liguori
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Hellas Cena
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D’Antona
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale nelle Attività Motorie e Sportive (CRIAMS)—Sport Medicine Centre, University of Pavia, Voghera, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Determination of Major, Minor, and Toxic Elements in Tropical Fruits by ICP-OES After Different Microwave Acid Digestion Methods. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gao Y, Yuan S, Zhang L, Yang L, Liu F, Li RW, Li C, Xue C, Xu J, Tang Q. Absorbability of Astaxanthin Was Much Lower in Obese Mice Than in Normal Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11161-11169. [PMID: 32914625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Astaxanthin has been favored as a health food supplement by obese consumers. However, no detailed descriptions are available concerning the absorption of astaxanthin in obese individuals. In this study, we conducted acute and chronic feeding experiments in C57BL/6J mice to study the differences in astaxanthin absorption in normal and obese bodies. The obesity condition greatly decreased astaxanthin concentration in the blood and liver, its accumulation in tissues and organs, and the bioaccessibility. This may be related to the excessive intake of sucrose, fatty acids, and cholesterol, the increased gastrointestinal motility, and the disorder of gut microbiota in the obese body. Overall, our study showed that the obese body had a far less oral absorbability of astaxanthin than a normal body, and we suggest that the recommended or approved doses of astaxanthin can be properly increased for the obese body in the hope that astaxanthin will play a more active role in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Shihan Yuan
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Robert W Li
- Laboratory of Animal Genomics and Improvement, United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS), Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Chunjun Li
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266235, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Qingjuan Tang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
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Karasakal A. Determination of Trace and Major Elements in Vegan Milk and Oils by ICP-OES After Microwave Digestion. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 197:683-693. [PMID: 31898305 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-02024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Increasing technological developments also bring about environmental pollution. Heavy metals and metallic compounds, as a result of soil, water, and air industrialization, pass through to people and animals through the food chain and have a negative impact on health. In this study, the concentrations of Na, Mg, K, Ca, P, Fe, Cu, B, Mn, Zn, Al, S, As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Mo, Ni, Pb, Pt, Sb, Se, Sn, Ti, W, and Hg in commercial vegan milk (soybean milk, coconut milk, and almond milk) and oils (soybean oil, coconut oil, bitter almond oil, sweet almond oil, and walnut oil) were determinated using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry after microwave digestion. In order to compare the efficiencies of digestion in vegan milk and oil samples, 6 mL of HNO3 (conc.), 3 mL of H2O2 (30%); 7 mL of HNO3 (conc.), 3.5 mL of H2O2 (30%), and 8 mL of HNO3 (conc.), 4 mL of H2O2 (30%) were used in microwave digestion procedures. The proposed procedures were applied to the analysis of 81 vegan milk and 125 vegan oil samples covering three different brands in Turkey. Na, Mg, K, Ca, P, S, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Sb, and Sn concentrations in vegan milks ranged (minimum-maximum in ppm) as follows: 307.4-501.2, 1.8-15.6, 478.8-1300.4, 276.3-1189, 197-797.8, 18.7-241.4, 0.09-0.42, 0-0.58, 0.02-1.06, 0.34-1.56, 0.26-0.67, and 3.4-30.4 ppm, respectively. The results of Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, S, Mn, Zn, Se, Fe, Cu, Sb, and Sn concentrations in vegan oils (minimum-maximum in ppm) ranged as follows: 6.8-31.2, 403.5-425.2, 142.8-160.4, 71.65-149.8, 0.35-0.85, 14.2-35.2, 0.02-0.27, 0.07-0.36, 1.90-4.64, 0.92-5.36, 0.01-0.05, 1.02-1.66, and 21.2, 35.0 ppm, respectively. Vegan milk contents except for Se, Fe, Sb, and Sn in this study were higher than vegan oil contents. The methods were validated by linearity, limits of detection and quantification, precision, and analyzing certified reference material (NIST SRM-3235), soybean milk. The highest values of LOD were found Pb, P, and Bi, and the highest values of LOQ were found Mo, Pb, and Sb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayca Karasakal
- Department of Chemistry, Namık Kemal University, Science and Letters Faculty, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
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Jungert A, Neuhäuser-Berthold M. Interrelation between Plasma Concentrations of Vitamins C and E along the Trajectory of Ageing in Consideration of Lifestyle and Body Composition: A Longitudinal Study over Two Decades. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2944. [PMID: 32992851 PMCID: PMC7599873 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the interrelation between vitamins C and E has been demonstrated on an experimental level, its impact on biomarkers in community-dwelling subjects along the trajectory of ageing has not yet been shown. The present longitudinal study investigates the determinants and interrelation of vitamins C and E plasma concentrations in 399 subjects aged ≥60 years with a median follow-up time of 12 years. Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze the influence of age, sex, body composition, dietary intake, physical activity, smoking and supplement/drug use on plasma vitamin C, plasma α-tocopherol and α-tocopherol/total cholesterol ratio. At baseline, median plasma concentrations of vitamin C and α-tocopherol were 74 and 35 µmol/L. Absolute fat-free mass, physical activity, use of supplements, and plasma α-tocopherol were main determinants of plasma vitamin C in the course of ageing. For the α-tocopherol/total cholesterol ratio, age, use of supplements, use of lipid-modifying drugs, and plasma vitamin C were main determinants. The results reveal a stable positive interrelation between plasma concentrations of vitamins C and E along the trajectory of ageing independent of the other identified determinants. The possible regulatory mechanisms that could explain this robust positive interrelation remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Jungert
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University, Goethestr. 55, D−35390 Giessen, Germany;
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26−32, D−35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Monika Neuhäuser-Berthold
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University, Goethestr. 55, D−35390 Giessen, Germany;
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Travica N, Ried K, Hudson I, Sali A, Scholey A, Pipingas A. The Contribution of Plasma and Brain Vitamin C on Age and Gender-Related Cognitive Differences: A Mini-Review of the Literature. Front Integr Neurosci 2020; 14:47. [PMID: 32973470 PMCID: PMC7471743 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2020.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that sex differences in the brain may contribute to gender-related behavioral differences, including cognitive function. Literature has revealed gender dimorphisms in cognitive function between males and females. Additionally, several risk factors associated with cognitive decline depend on chronological age. It is well recognized that the process of aging is associated with a decline in cognitive ability and brain function. Various explanations may account for these gender-related cognitive differences and age-associated cognitive changes. Recent investigations have highlighted the importance of vitamin C in maintaining brain health and its association with cognitive function in both cognitively intact and impaired cohorts. The present review explores previous literature that has evaluated differences in plasma/brain vitamin C between genders and during aging. It then assesses whether these age and gender-related differences may affect the relationship between plasma/brain vitamin C and cognition. The purpose of this review was to examine the evidence for a link between plasma/brain vitamin C and cognition and the impact of gender and age on this relationship. Epidemiological studies have frequently shown higher vitamin C plasma concentrations in women. Similarly, aging has been systematically associated with reductions in plasma vitamin C levels. A range of animal studies has demonstrated potential gender and age-related differences in vitamin C brain distribution and utilization. The reviewed literature suggests that gender differences in plasma and brain vitamin C may potentially contribute to differences in gender-associated cognitive ability, particularly while females are pre-menopausal. Additionally, we can propose that age-associated differences in plasma and brain vitamin C may be potentially linked to age-associated cognitive differences, with older cohorts appearing more vulnerable to experience declines in plasma vitamin C concentrations alongside compromised vitamin C brain regulation. This review encourages future investigations to take into account both gender and age when assessing the link between plasma vitamin C concentrations and cognitive function. Further large scale investigations are required to assess whether differences in cognitive function between genders and age groups may be causally attributed to plasma vitamin C status and brain distribution and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj Travica
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The National Institute of Integrative Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karin Ried
- The National Institute of Integrative Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Discipline of General Practice, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Torrens University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Irene Hudson
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, Mathematical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT), Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Mathematical and Physical Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Avni Sali
- The National Institute of Integrative Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Scholey
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Pipingas
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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van der Schaft N, Trajanoska K, Rivadeneira F, Ikram MA, Schoufour JD, Voortman T. Total Dietary Antioxidant Capacity and Longitudinal Trajectories of Body Composition. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080728. [PMID: 32785027 PMCID: PMC7465193 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there is some evidence that total dietary antioxidant capacity (TDAC) is inversely associated with the presence of obesity, no longitudinal studies have been performed investigating the effect of TDAC on comprehensive measures of body composition over time. In this study, we included 4595 middle-aged and elderly participants from the Rotterdam Study, a population-based cohort. We estimated TDAC among these individuals by calculating a ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) score based on data from food-frequency questionnaires. Body composition was assessed by means of dual X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and every subsequent 3–5 years. From these data, we calculated fat mass index (FMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), android-to-gynoid fat ratio (AGR), body fat percentage (BF%) and body mass index (BMI). We also assessed hand grip strength at two time points and prevalence of sarcopenia at one time point in a subset of participants. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models or multinomial logistic regression models with multivariable adjustment. We found that higher FRAP score was associated with higher FFMI (0.091 kg/m2 per standard deviation (SD) higher FRAP score, 95% CI 0.031; 0.150), lower AGR (−0.028, 95% CI −0.053; −0.003), higher BMI (0.115, 95% CI 0.020; 0.209) and lower BF% (−0.223, 95% CI −0.383; −0.064) across follow-up after multivariable adjustment. FRAP score was not associated with hand grip strength or sarcopenia. Additional adjustment for adherence to dietary guidelines and exclusion of individuals with comorbid disease at baseline did not change our results. In conclusion, dietary intake of antioxidants may positively affect the amount of lean mass and overall body composition among the middle-aged and elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels van der Schaft
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (N.v.d.S.); (K.T.); (F.R.); (M.A.I.); (J.D.S.)
| | - Katerina Trajanoska
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (N.v.d.S.); (K.T.); (F.R.); (M.A.I.); (J.D.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (N.v.d.S.); (K.T.); (F.R.); (M.A.I.); (J.D.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (N.v.d.S.); (K.T.); (F.R.); (M.A.I.); (J.D.S.)
| | - Josje D. Schoufour
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (N.v.d.S.); (K.T.); (F.R.); (M.A.I.); (J.D.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Sports and Nutrition/Faculty of Health, center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, 1097 DZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (N.v.d.S.); (K.T.); (F.R.); (M.A.I.); (J.D.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-(0)10-70-43536
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