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Ren Z, Xue Y, Zhang H, Guo T, Yi W, Li L, Wang M, Xie J, Li Y. Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Systemic Inflammation Response Index are Associated With Periodontitis: Evidence From NHANES 2009 to 2014. Int Dent J 2024; 74:1033-1043. [PMID: 38688802 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of the teeth, is a substantial public health burrden whilst impacting the life quality of those affected. Elevated levels of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) have been implicated in various inflammatory conditions. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between SII and SIRI with periodontitis. METHODS The study examined a total of 8666 participants in the 2009 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The study compared the weighted prevalence of periodontitis among various groups. The association between SII, SIRI levels, and periodontitis was analyzed using binary logistic regression. Additionally, we explored nonlinear relationships between SII, SIRI, and the prevalence of periodontitis using restricted cubic spline (RCS) plots. RESULTS Among participants in the fourth quartile (Q4) of SII and SIRI, the highest prevalence of periodontitis was observed, with rates of 44.87% and 48.41%, respectively. After adjusting for all covariates, the odds ratio (OR) for periodontitis associated with SII Q4 was 1.19 (95% CI 1.02, 1.39, P = .03), while for SIRI Q4, it was 1.18 (95% CI 1.01, 1.39, P = .04). In addition, the results of sensitivity analysis revealed consistent findings, indicating that after adjusting for all covariates, the OR for periodontitis associated with SII Q4 and SIRI Q4 remained statistically significant. Specifically, the OR for periodontitis associated with SII Q4 was 1.19 (95% CI 1.02, 1.39, P = .03), while for SIRI Q4, it was 1.19 (95% CI 1.01, 1.40, P = .04). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that elevated SII and SIRI levels are associated with an increased prevalence of periodontitis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings suggest a potential connection between systemic inflammation and periodontitis, highlighting the importance of periodontitis patients being aware of their systemic diseases that are inflammatory in nature such as chronic cardiovascular afflictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyun Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Xue
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tailin Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of General Surgery, Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linke Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- Department of stomatology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiang Xie
- Department of pediatrics, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Reytor-González C, Parise-Vasco JM, González N, Simancas-Racines A, Zambrano-Villacres R, Zambrano AK, Simancas-Racines D. Obesity and periodontitis: a comprehensive review of their interconnected pathophysiology and clinical implications. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1440216. [PMID: 39171112 PMCID: PMC11335523 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1440216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and periodontitis are significant health problems with a complex bidirectional relationship. Excess body fat is linked to systemic diseases and can lead to persistent inflammation, potentially harming periodontal health. Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of teeth, poses substantial health risks. Both conditions share pathological processes such as inflammation and oxidative stress, which aggravate health status and make treatment more challenging. Understanding this interaction is crucial for developing effective management strategies for both diseases. This study explores the multifaceted aspects of obesity and periodontitis and their reciprocal relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Reytor-González
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Juan Marcos Parise-Vasco
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Natali González
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad UTE, Santo Domingo, Ecuador
| | - Alison Simancas-Racines
- Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi, Latacunga, Ecuador
| | | | - Ana Karina Zambrano
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Daniel Simancas-Racines
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
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Zhao L, Cao R, Zhang S. Association between relative fat mass and periodontitis: results from NHANES 2009-2014. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18251. [PMID: 39107485 PMCID: PMC11303765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69048-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Relative fat mass (RFM) is a novel indicator for measuring body fat. This cross-section study aims to explore the association between RFM and periodontitis and to investigate possible effect modifiers in U.S. adults based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2014. The category of periodontitis was defined by the CDC/AAP. Mean clinical attachment loss and mean pocket probing depth (PPD) were calculated. The RFM formula is: 64 - (20 × height/WC) + (12 × sex), with sex coded as 1 for female and 0 for male. Natural cubic spline and weighted multivariable regression analyses were conducted to investigate the relationship between RFM and periodontal status. Subgroup and interaction analyses were also employed to assess the moderating roles of age, gender, and race. A total of 10,307 participants were included in our study. Compared to the lowest quartiles, individuals in the highest quartiles of RFM levels were more likely to have moderate/severe periodontitis (ORQ4vs1 = 1.64, 95% CI 1.30-2.06) and had a higher mean PPD (βQ4vs1 = 0.15, 95% CI 0.09-0.22). This association was particularly stronger in populations under the age of 60, with significant interactions. Taken together, RFM is positively associated with periodontitis, particularly in those under 60 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ruoyan Cao
- Department of Periodontics, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Nanjing North Street 117, Shenyang, 110002, Liaoning, China.
| | - Shusen Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Hunan University of Medicine, No. 492, Jinxi South Road, Hecheng District, Huaihua, 418000, Hunan, China.
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Saade Y, Deraz O, Chatzopoulou E, Rangé H, Boutouyrie P, Perier MC, Guibout C, Thomas F, Danchin N, Jouven X, Bouchard P, Empana JP. Recalled body silhouette trajectories over the lifespan and oral conditions in adulthood: A cross-sectional analysis of the Paris Prospective Study 3. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:518-526. [PMID: 38273719 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association between life-course body silhouette changes and oral conditions in adulthood. METHODS At study recruitment (2008-2012), 5430 adults underwent a full-mouth clinical examination and recalled their body silhouettes at ages 8, 15, 25, 35 and 45. Life-course trajectories of body silhouettes were computed using group-based trajectory modelling. Gingival inflammation, dental plaque, masticatory units, numbers of healthy, missing, decayed and filled teeth at study recruitment were clustered. The associations between body silhouette trajectories and clusters of oral conditions were assessed by multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS The final analysis included 4472 participants. Five body silhouette trajectories were established: lean-stable (30.0%), lean-increased (19.3%), moderate stable (18.1%), lean-marked increased (25.8%) and heavy stable (6.7%). Three clusters of oral conditions were identified: optimal oral health and preserved masticatory capacity (70.0%, cluster 1), moderate oral health and moderately impaired masticatory capacity (25.4%, cluster 2) and poor oral health and severely impaired masticatory capacity (4.7%, cluster 3). Participants with a lean-increased trajectory were 58% more likely than those with a lean-stable trajectory to be in cluster 3 (aOR 1.58 [95% CI 1.07; 2.35]) relative to cluster 1, independently of covariates measured at study recruitment and including age, sex, smoking, socioeconomic status, BMI, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cholesterol and triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS A life-course lean-increased body silhouette trajectory is associated with higher likelihood of poor oral health and severely impaired masticatory capacity in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Saade
- Department of Periodontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Rothschild Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Omar Deraz
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), INSERM U 970, Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Eirini Chatzopoulou
- Department of Periodontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- UFR Odontologie, URP 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et plateforme imagerie du vivant, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Rangé
- Department of Periodontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- UFR Odontologie, URP 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et plateforme imagerie du vivant, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, University hospital of Rennes, University of Rennes 1, U.F.R. of Odontology, Paris, France
- INSERM, INRAE, University of Rennes 1 NUMECAN Institute (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), Rennes, France
- FHU PaCeMM Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Boutouyrie
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), INSERM U 970, Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Perier
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), INSERM U 970, Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Guibout
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), INSERM U 970, Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Nicolas Danchin
- Preventive and Clinical Investigation Center (IPC), Paris, France
| | - Xavier Jouven
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), INSERM U 970, Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Bouchard
- Department of Periodontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- UFR Odontologie, URP 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et plateforme imagerie du vivant, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Empana
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), INSERM U 970, Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Lira-Junior R, Aogáin MM, Crncalo E, Ekberg NR, Chotirmall SH, Pettersson S, Gustafsson A, Brismar K, Bostanci N. Effects of intermittent fasting on periodontal inflammation and subgingival microbiota. J Periodontol 2024; 95:640-649. [PMID: 38655661 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on the impact of intermittent fasting on periodontal health are still scarce. Thus, this study evaluated the effects of long-term intermittent fasting on periodontal health and the subgingival microbiota. METHODS This pilot study was part of a nonrandomized controlled trial. Overweight/obese participants (n = 14) entered an intermittent fasting program, specifically the 5:2 diet, in which they restricted caloric intake to about a quarter of the normal total daily caloric expenditure for two nonconsecutive days/week. Subjects underwent a thorough clinical and laboratory examination, including an assessment of their periodontal condition, at baseline and 6 months after starting the diet. Additionally, subgingival microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS After 6 months of intermittent fasting, weight, body mass index, C-reactive protein, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and the cholesterol profile improved significantly (p < 0.05). Moreover, significant reductions were observed in bleeding on probing (p = 0.01) and the presence of shallow periodontal pockets after fasting (p < 0.001), while no significant change was seen in plaque index (p = 0.14). While we did not observe significant changes in α- or β-diversity of the subgingival microbiota related to dietary intervention (p > 0.05), significant differences were seen in the abundances of several taxa among individuals exhibiting ≥60% reduction (good responders) in probing pocket depth of 4-5 mm compared to those with <60% reduction (bad responders). CONCLUSION Intermittent fasting decreased systemic and periodontal inflammation. Although the subgingival microbiota was unaltered by this intervention, apparent taxonomic variability was observed between good and bad responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo Lira-Junior
- Section of Oral Diagnostics and Surgery, Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Micheál Mac Aogáin
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eva Crncalo
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Neda Rajamand Ekberg
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sanjay H Chotirmall
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sven Pettersson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anders Gustafsson
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Brismar
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zhang F, Zhao D, Xu X, Wen P, Li H, Yu R, Cheng T, Zheng Z, Yang H, Yang C, Yao J, Jin L. Periodontitis links to concurrent metabolic disorders and abnormal liver function in pregnant women. Oral Dis 2024; 30:697-709. [PMID: 36039534 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study investigated the association of periodontitis with the metabolic status and hepatic function in pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS Full-mouth periodontal conditions, metabolic profiles, and hepatic function were assessed in 219 self-reported healthy pregnant females. The association of periodontal status with the systemic parameters was evaluated by parametric and non-parametric tests, and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Overall, periodontal status was positively associated with the metabolic profiles and hepatic function test results. The subjects with periodontitis exhibited higher levels of body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.01) and serum aspartate transaminase (AST) (p < 0.05), elevated diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p < 0.05), and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.05) than those of the counterparts. The periodontitis severity was strongly correlated with BMI and AST levels, and the extent of periodontal inflammation was related to DBP (p < 0.01). The periodontitis patients at 34-36 gestational weeks showed higher blood pressure and AST levels than those of non-periodontitis subjects (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings on the notable links of periodontitis to concurrent metabolic disorders and abnormal liver function in pregnant women highlight the need of proactive integration of regular periodontal screening and healthcare in maternal programs for promoting optimal health and wellbeing of mothers-to-be and newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Division of Stomatology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Division of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xu
- Division of Science & Education, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping Wen
- Division of Science & Education, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huijun Li
- Division of Stomatology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rong Yu
- Division of Science & Education, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianfan Cheng
- Division of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanzhong Yang
- Division of Neonatology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jilong Yao
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijian Jin
- Division of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Wallis C, Ivanova A, Holcombe LJ. Persistent deciduous teeth: Association of prevalence with breed, breed size and body weight in pure-bred client-owned dogs in the United States. Res Vet Sci 2024; 169:105161. [PMID: 38309195 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Dogs use their teeth for a multitude of tasks and, as such, it is vital for their health and wellbeing that their oral health is maintained. Persistent deciduous teeth (PDT), those that fail to fall out at the appropriate time, are associated with malocclusion (misaligned bite), soft tissue trauma and increased risk of periodontal disease. The objective of the current study was to perform a retrospective analysis of veterinary medical data to understand the effect of dog breed size, dog breed and body weight on prevalence of PDT. Medical records collected from almost 3 million dogs visiting a chain of veterinary hospitals across the United States over a 5-year period showed an overall prevalence of 7% for PDT, the data represented 60 breeds with extra-small breeds (<6.5 kg) showing significantly higher prevalence (15%) than all other breed sizes (P < 0.001). Statistical modelling of extra-small, small and medium-small breed sizes showed that those on Wellness Plans or that had not received a dental prophylaxis for at least two years had significantly increased odds of PDT being detected (Odds ratio 2.72-3.2 and 2.17-3.36 respectively, P < 0.0001). Dogs with a below ideal body condition score had a decreased odds of PDT (Odds ratio 0.57-0.89, P < 0.0001) whereas those above ideal had an increased odds (Odds ratio 1.11-1.60, P < 0.0001). The findings from this extensive dataset highlight the importance of regular veterinarian examinations to identify and remove PDT, helping to avoid increasing the risk of associated issues such as periodontal disease and malocclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wallis
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Freeby Lane, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire LE14 4RT, UK.
| | - A Ivanova
- Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics (I-BioStat), Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - L J Holcombe
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Freeby Lane, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire LE14 4RT, UK
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Gül SNS, Eminoğlu DÖ, Laloğlu E, Aydın T, Dilsiz A. Salivary and serum asprosin hormone levels in the 2018 EFP/AAP classification of periodontitis stages and body mass index status: a case-control study. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:91. [PMID: 38217801 PMCID: PMC10787907 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05494-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A newly discovered adipokine known asprosin in serum and saliva in patients with periodontitis has not been explored. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between serum and saliva asprosin levels and periodontitis by grouping it according to body mass index (BMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted on 65 systemically healthy patients (35 patients with periodontitis (periodontitis group), 30 periodontally healthy patients (control group)). In each patient, age, BMI, and clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL)) were evaluated. Statistical analyses were conducted utilizing the Student t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis. For the significance level of the tests, p<0.05 were accepted. RESULTS The serum and saliva were collected to assess asprosin levels. Both the serum and saliva asprosin levels were statistically significantly higher in the periodontitis group than in the control group (p<0.001). Saliva and serum asprosin levels were directly proportional to the severity of the periodontal disease (p<0.05). Asprosin levels were higher in patients with a higher BMI (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Asprosin levels were increased in periodontitis, and even a high BMI status apparently affected the levels of this hormone. It is thought that asprosin may be a useful biomarker in evaluating the relationship between periodontal status and BMI. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Asprosin may be a useful parameter as a biomarker of periodontal disease progression. However, BMI status should be considered when evaluating asprosin levels in patients with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Nur Sevinç Gül
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Didem Özkal Eminoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Esra Laloğlu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Aydın
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Alparslan Dilsiz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Ren Z, Xue Y, Zhang H, Zhang T, Wang M, Guo T, Xie J. Association between probiotic consumption and periodontitis: Evidence from NHANES 2009-2014. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:1476-1486. [PMID: 37596796 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to provide evidence of the relationship between probiotics consumption and periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 4577 adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during 2009-2014 were included in the study. The weighted prevalence of periodontitis was compared among different groups, and a weighted binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between probiotic consumption and periodontitis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the role of probiotic consumption in the periodontitis prediction model. RESULTS Participants who consumed probiotics had a significantly lower prevalence of periodontitis than those who did not (41.08% vs. 27.83%, p < .001). After fully adjusting for all factors, the odds ratio associated with periodontitis for consuming probiotics was 0.70 (95% confidence interval 0.54-0.92, p = .01) when compared with those who did not consume probiotics. A predictive model including age, sex, ethnicity, poverty income ratio, smoking status and probiotics had 77.0% sensitivity and 60.3% specificity in detecting periodontitis in US adults and achieved an area under the ROC curve of 0.749. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that consuming probiotics is associated with a reduced risk of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyun Ren
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Xue
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- Department of pediatrics, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- Department of stomatology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tailin Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiang Xie
- Department of pediatrics, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
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10
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Mehta R, Sharma P, Joshi I, Sharma AK, Srivastava S, Gupta K. Evaluation of Peri-Implant Parameters and C-Reactive Protein Levels among Patients with Different Obesity Levels. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2023; 15:S1043-S1045. [PMID: 37694068 PMCID: PMC10485459 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_231_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Assessment of correlation between peri-implant parameters and C-reactive protein levels among patients with different obesity levels. Materials and Methods Evaluation of 60 subjects was performed who were scheduled to undergo dental implant therapy for missing mandibular first molars. Three study cohorts were formed, namely, Group A: obese group (BMI between 30 Kg/m2 and 34.9 Kg/m2), Group B: high obese group (BMI over 34.9 Kg/m2), and Group C: non-obese group (BMI under 25 Kg/m2). Each cohort comprised 20 subjects. Dental implant therapy was carried out in all the patients. Peri-implant variables were evaluated in all the patients. Blood samples were obtained, and C-reactive protein levels in subjects having different obesity levels. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results Mean serum C-reactive protein levels among patients of groups A, B, and C occurred to be 3.28 mg/L, 3.65 g/L, and 3.61 g/L, respectively. On comparing numerically, noticeable outcomes were achieved. Mean probing depth among subjects of groups A, B, and C occurred to be 2.9 mm, 3.2 mm, and 1.3 mm, respectively. Mean marginal bone loss among subjects of groups A, B, and C occurred to be 2.1 mm, 2.7 mm, and 0.8 mm, respectively. On comparing numerically, noteworthy outcomes were gathered. Conclusion There were significantly higher deranged peri-implant inflammatory variables among patients with higher levels of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghav Mehta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Darshan Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Peeyush Sharma
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sri Ram Cancer Centre, Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ila Joshi
- Department of Physiology, Maharaj Vinayak Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Arjun K. Sharma
- Department of Orthodontics, Eklavya Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Kanishk Gupta
- Department of Periodontology, Dentistry Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Kosho MXF, Verhelst ARE, Teeuw WJ, Gerdes VEA, Loos BG. Cardiovascular risk assessment in periodontitis patients and controls using the European Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) model. A pilot study. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1072215. [PMID: 36794206 PMCID: PMC9923497 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1072215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the use of the European SCORE model in a dental setting by exploring the frequency of a 'high' and 'very high' 10-year CVD mortality risk in patients with and without periodontitis. The secondary aim was to investigate the association of SCORE with various periodontitis parameters adjusting for remaining potential confounders. Material and methods: In this study, we recruited periodontitis patients and non-periodontitis controls, all aged ≥40 years. We determined the 10-year CVD mortality risk per individual with the European Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) model by using certain patient characteristics and biochemical analyses from blood by finger stick sampling. Results: In total, 105 periodontitis patients (61 localized, 44 generalized stage III/IV) and 88 non-periodontitis controls were included (mean age: 54.4 years). The frequency of a 'high' and 'very high' 10-year CVD mortality risk was 43.8% in all periodontitis patients and 30.7% in controls (p = .061). In total, 29.5% generalized periodontitis patients had a 'very high' 10-year CVD mortality risk, compared to 16.4% in localized periodontitis patients and 9.1% in controls (p = .003). After adjustment for potential confounders, the total periodontitis group (OR 3.31; 95% CI 1.35-8.13), generalized periodontitis group (OR 5.32; 95% CI 1.90-14.90), lower number of teeth (OR .83; 95% CI .73-1.00) and higher number of teeth with radiographic bone loss ≥33% (OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.00-1.12) were associated with a "very high" SCORE category. In addition, various biochemical risk markers for CVD were more frequently elevated in periodontitis compared to controls (e.g., total cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein). Conclusion: The periodontitis group as well as the control group had a sizable frequency of a 'high' and 'very high' 10-year CVD mortality risk. The presence and extent of periodontitis, lower number of teeth and higher number of teeth with bone loss ≥33% are significant risk indicators for a 'very high' 10-year CVD mortality risk. Therefore, SCORE in a dental setting can be a very useful tool to employ for primary and secondary prevention of CVD, especially among the dental attenders who have periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline X. F. Kosho
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Madeline X. F. Kosho,
| | - Alexander R. E. Verhelst
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wijnand J. Teeuw
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Victor E. A. Gerdes
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Department of Internal Medicine, Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp, Netherlands
| | - Bruno G. Loos
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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12
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Gutierrez-Camacho JR, Avila-Carrasco L, Martinez-Vazquez MC, Garza-Veloz I, Zorrilla-Alfaro SM, Gutierrez-Camacho V, Martinez-Fierro ML. Oral Lesions Associated with COVID-19 and the Participation of the Buccal Cavity as a Key Player for Establishment of Immunity against SARS-CoV-2. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11383. [PMID: 36141654 PMCID: PMC9517300 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some oral lesions have been described in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); the possibility has been raised that the buccal lesions observed in patients with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are due to this virus and the patient's systemic condition. The aim of this review was to integrate the knowledge related to the oral lesions associated with COVID-19 and the participation of the buccal cavity in the establishment of immunity against SARS-CoV-2. METHODS A literature search on the manifestations of buccal lesions from the beginning of the pandemic until October 2021 was carried out by using the PubMed database. A total of 157 scientific articles were selected from the library, which included case reports and reports of lesions appearing in patients with COVID-19. RESULTS Oral lesions included erosions, ulcers, vesicles, pustules, plaques, depapillated tongue, and pigmentations, among others. The oral cavity is a conducive environment for the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with the mucosal immune system and target cells; direct effects of the virus in this cavity worsen the antiviral inflammatory response of underlying oral disorders, immunodeficiencies, and autoimmunity primarily. CONCLUSIONS The oral cavity is an accessible and privileged environment for the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with the mucosal immune system and target cells; the direct effects of the virus in this cavity worsen the antiviral inflammatory response of underlying oral disorders, in particular those related to immunodeficiencies and autoimmunity.
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13
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Maulani C, Auerkari EI, C. Masulili SL, Kusdhany LS, Prahasanti C, Soedarsono N. Obesity correlated to a higher risk of acquiring periodontitis: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2022; 10:643. [PMID: 35136574 PMCID: PMC8792873 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.53823.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between obesity and periodontitis, among other risk factors for periodontitis. Methods: In total, 262 Indonesian male and female subjects were analysed for body mass index (BMI), oral hygiene, plaque index, and clinically evaluated periodontitis. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman tests and Pearson chi-square tests to estimate the correlation between BMI and periodontitis. Multivariate binary logistic analysis was conducted between covariate and periodontitis. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of obesity was 48.47%. There were positive correlations between BMI and periodontal status for healthy-mild periodontitis, moderate, and severe periodontitis respectively. BMI and periodontitis crude odds ratio (OR) = 2.31 (95% CI 1.41-3.78); p < 0.05, adjusted OR of BMI among other variables, was 1.88 (95%CI 1.05-3.37); p < 0.05. Exploration of the ROC curve found a BMI cut off point of 24.785 kg/m2. Conclusion: Obesity by BMI measurement of ≥ 25kg/m2 correlated to a higher risk of acquiring periodontitis compared to normal-weight individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaerita Maulani
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Elza Ibrahim Auerkari
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Sri Lelyati C. Masulili
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Lindawati S. Kusdhany
- Departement of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Chiquita Prahasanti
- Departement of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Nurtami Soedarsono
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
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14
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Alsalihi L, Bain C, Milosevic A, Hassan A, Janahi A, Sivaramakrishnan G. Prevalence of periodontitis in obese patients in Bahrain: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:376. [PMID: 34303340 PMCID: PMC8310581 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01720-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adult obesity has been associated with various systemic diseases and is an increasing problem in Bahrain. Recent evidence indicates a correlation between adult obesity and periodontitis. Hence the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of periodontitis in overweight/obese adults in Bahrain and to determine the factors associated with periodontitis in these obese adults. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted in overweight subjects attending Ministry of Health (MOH) Nutrition Clinics at primary health centers in Bahrain. After obtaining the institutional ethics approval, the demographic and anthropometric data, including Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) using World Health Organization (WHO) thresholds for severity of obesity, were recorded. Periodontal status was measured using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and the extent and severity of periodontal disease were categorized according to the number of sextants with CPI codes 3 and 4. Results A total of 372 participated with a mean age 44.0 (± 10.5) years for males, and 42.5 (± 11.2) years for females. Periodontitis was present in 361 (97%) of participants. Hypertension and diabetes were the most prevalent co-morbidities at 23.4% and 16% respectively. Mean WC was significantly greater in males at 114 cm (± 15.6) compared to females 109.5 cm (± 12.5) (p < 0.001). BMI was not associated with severity or extent of periodontitis but WC was weakly correlated in males but not in females (Spearman rho = + 0.2, p < 0.05). In the logistic regression model using overall WC to predict the severity of periodontitis, the adjusted OR was 1.02 (95% CI 1.00–1.04) and for age it was 1.05 (95% CI 1.00–1.07). Conclusion The prevalence of periodontitis was high in this sample of overweight Bahrainis. BMI was not correlated with periodontitis but WC had a weak positive correlation. Implementation of periodontal health screening as a routine part of a nutrition clinic program is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Alsalihi
- Dental Postgraduate Training Department, Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Crawford Bain
- Periodontics Department, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Alexander Milosevic
- Prosthodontics Department, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Amar Hassan
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Abeer Janahi
- Dental and Oral Health Services Department, Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain
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15
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Maulani C, Auerkari EI, C Masulili SL, Kusdhany LS, Prahasanti C, Soedarsono N. Effect of obesity on risk and severity of periodontitis: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2021; 10:643. [PMID: 35136574 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.53823.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between obesity and periodontitis, among other risk factors for periodontitis. Methods: In total, 262 Indonesian male and female subjects were analysed for body mass index (BMI), oral hygiene, plaque index, and clinically evaluated periodontitis. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman tests and Pearson chi-square tests to estimate the correlation between BMI and periodontitis. Multivariate binary logistic analysis was conducted between covariate and periodontitis. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of obesity was 48.47%. There were positive correlations between BMI and periodontal status for healthy-mild periodontitis, moderate, and severe periodontitis respectively. BMI and periodontitis crude odds ratio (OR) = 2.31 (95% CI 1.41-3.78); p < 0.05, adjusted OR of BMI among other variables, was 1.88 (95%CI 1.05-3.37); p < 0.05. Exploration of the ROC curve found a BMI cut off point of 24.785 kg/m2. Conclusion: Obesity by BMI measurement of ≥ 25kg/m2 correlated to a higher risk of acquiring periodontitis compared to normal-weight individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaerita Maulani
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Elza Ibrahim Auerkari
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Sri Lelyati C Masulili
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Lindawati S Kusdhany
- Departement of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Chiquita Prahasanti
- Departement of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Nurtami Soedarsono
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
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16
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Wallis C, Saito EK, Salt C, Holcombe LJ, Desforges NG. Association of periodontal disease with breed size, breed, weight, and age in pure-bred client-owned dogs in the United States. Vet J 2021; 275:105717. [PMID: 34293444 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2021.105717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite periodontal disease (PD) being amongst the most common diagnoses in primary-care practice, the disease is generally underdiagnosed. However, the millions of clinical records generated by pet hospitals each year provide unique opportunities to generate insights about disease risk across large numbers of dogs. The objective of this study was to undertake a retrospective analysis of medical records to ascertain which sizes and breeds of dog are most frequently diagnosed with PD. Although data collection regarding PD was not consistent, it was assumed that the same inconsistencies in recording periodontal abnormalities were present across the range of bodyweight, breed categories and breeds. Over 3 million medical records across 60 breeds of dogs visiting a chain of veterinary hospitals in the United States collected over a 5-year period were analysed. Statistical analysis of a subset of these records found that extra-small (<6.5 kg) breeds of dog were up to five times more likely to be diagnosed with PD than giant breeds (>25 kg) (P <0.0001). The majority of breeds most frequently diagnosed with PD were in the extra-small, small (6.5-9 kg) and medium-small (9-15 kg) breed size categories. Additional risk factors for PD diagnosis included age, being overweight and time since last scale and polish. Veterinarians should consider targeting client education about dental health, and diagnostic efforts, towards canine patients of the small-breed size categories and those with a higher risk of developing PD (e.g. overweight).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wallis
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Freeby Lane, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire, LE14 4RT, UK.
| | - E K Saito
- Banfield Pet Hospital, Portland, OR, USA
| | - C Salt
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Freeby Lane, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire, LE14 4RT, UK
| | - L J Holcombe
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Freeby Lane, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire, LE14 4RT, UK
| | - N G Desforges
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Freeby Lane, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire, LE14 4RT, UK
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17
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Tada A, Senpuku H. The Impact of Oral Health on Respiratory Viral Infection. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:43. [PMID: 33924596 PMCID: PMC8069613 DOI: 10.3390/dj9040043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have caused respiratory diseases worldwide. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now a global health concern requiring emergent measures. These viruses enter the human body through the oral cavity and infect respiratory cells. Since the oral cavity has a complex microbiota, influence of oral bacteria on respiratory virus infection is considered. Saliva has immune molecules which work as the front line in the biophylactic mechanism and has considerable influence on the incidence and progression of respiratory viral infection. Salivary scavenger molecules, such as gp340 and sialic acid, have been reported to exert anti-influenza virus activity. Salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) has potential to acquire immunity against these viruses. Biological features of the oral cavity are thought to affect viral infection in respiratory organs in various ways. In this review, we reviewed the literature addressing the impact of oral conditions on respiratory infectious diseases caused by viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Tada
- Department of Health Science, Hyogo University, Kakogawa 675-0195, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Senpuku
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan;
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18
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Marouf N, Cai W, Said KN, Daas H, Diab H, Chinta VR, Hssain AA, Nicolau B, Sanz M, Tamimi F. Association between periodontitis and severity of COVID-19 infection: A case-control study. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 48:483-491. [PMID: 33527378 PMCID: PMC8014679 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM COVID-19 is associated with an exacerbated inflammatory response that can result in fatal outcomes. Systemic inflammation is also a main characteristic of periodontitis. Therefore, we investigated the association of periodontitis with COVID-19 complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS A case-control study was performed using the national electronic health records of the State of Qatar between February and July 2020. Cases were defined as patients who suffered COVID-19 complications (death, ICU admissions or assisted ventilation), and controls were COVID-19 patients discharged without major complications. Periodontal conditions were assessed using dental radiographs from the same database. Associations between periodontitis and COVID 19 complications were analysed using logistic regression models adjusted for demographic, medical and behaviour factors. RESULTS In total, 568 patients were included. After adjusting for potential confounders, periodontitis was associated with COVID-19 complication including death (OR = 8.81, 95% CI 1.00-77.7), ICU admission (OR = 3.54, 95% CI 1.39-9.05) and need for assisted ventilation (OR = 4.57, 95% CI 1.19-17.4). Similarly, blood levels of white blood cells, D-dimer and C Reactive Protein were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients with periodontitis. CONCLUSION Periodontitis was associated with higher risk of ICU admission, need for assisted ventilation and death of COVID-19 patients, and with increased blood levels of biomarkers linked to worse disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadya Marouf
- Department of DentistryOral Health InstituteHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar
| | - Wenji Cai
- Faculty of DentistryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
| | - Khalid N. Said
- Department of DentistryOral Health InstituteHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar
| | - Hanin Daas
- College of Dental MedicineQU HealthQatar UniversityDohaQatar
| | - Hanan Diab
- Department of DentistryOral Health InstituteHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar
| | | | | | | | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP Research GroupFaculty of OdontologyUniversity Complutense of MadridMadridSpain
| | - Faleh Tamimi
- College of Dental MedicineQU HealthQatar UniversityDohaQatar
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19
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Tsai KZ, Huang RY, Cheng WC, Su FY, Lin YP, Chang CY, Lin GM. Comparisons of various anthropometric indexes with localized Stage II/III periodontitis in young adults: The CHIEF oral health study. J Periodontol 2020; 92:958-967. [PMID: 33141430 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A J-shaped relationship of body mass index (BMI) with severe periodontitis has been reported. However, it is unknown for other anthropometric indexes in young adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study examined the relationships in 325 military men and women, aged 20 to 45 years in Taiwan. Anthropometric indexes included BMI, waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). The severity of localized periodontitis was defined as healthy (n = 42), Stage I (initial) (n = 228), and Stage II/III (moderate/severe) (n = 55) according to the 2017 Periodontal Diseases Classification. Smooth curve fitting and multiple logistic regression analyses adjusting for age, sex, betel nut consumption, and smoking were used to determine the threshold effect between various anthropometric and the risk of localized Stage II/III periodontitis. RESULTS In the spline smoothing plot, the turning points for BMI, WC, and WHtR were 26.1 kg/m2 , 90.0 cm, and 0.50, respectively, and a J-shaped relationship was found for BMI (the likelihood ratio test, P <0.001). In the multiple logistic regressions, BMI ≥27.0 kg/m2 , WC ≥90.0 cm and WHtR ≥0.50 were associated with higher risk of localized Stage II/III periodontitis than their counterparts (24.0 to 26.9 kg/m2 for BMI) (odds ratios [OR] and 95% confidence intervals: 4.16 [1.39 to 12.49], 2.65 [1.01 to 7.11], and 2.95 [1.20 to 7.24], respectively; all P values <0.05). However, the risk for BMI <24.0 kg/m2 was not significant (OR, 1.47 [0.47 to 4.54]). CONCLUSION In young adults, obesity defined by various anthropometrics was consistently associated with localized Stage II/III periodontitis and a J-shaped association was suggestive for BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Zhe Tsai
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Departments of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Dental Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Yeong Huang
- Departments of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Dental Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chien Cheng
- Departments of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Dental Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ying Su
- Institute of Statistics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan.,Biotechnology R and D Center, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu County, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Po Lin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yuan Chang
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Gen-Min Lin
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Departmnet of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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20
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Romandini M, Baima G, Antonoglou G, Bueno J, Figuero E, Sanz M. Periodontitis, Edentulism, and Risk of Mortality: A Systematic Review with Meta-analyses. J Dent Res 2020; 100:37-49. [PMID: 32866427 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520952401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis has been independently associated with the chronic noncommunicable diseases that most frequently lead to death worldwide. The aim of the present systematic review was to study whether people with periodontitis/edentulism are at increased risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality as compared with those without periodontitis/edentulism. Cohort studies were included that 1) evaluated periodontitis or edentulism as exposures in relation to all-cause or cause-specific mortality as an outcome and 2) reported effect estimates as hazard ratios, risk ratios, or odds ratios with 95% CIs or crude numbers. Two review authors independently searched for eligible studies, screened the titles and abstracts, did full-text analysis, extracted the data from the published reports, and performed the risk-of-bias assessment. In case of disagreement, a third review author was consulted. Study results were summarized through random effects meta-analyses. A total of 57 studies were included, involving 48 cohorts and 5.71 million participants. Periodontitis was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (risk ratio, 1.46 [95% CI, 1.15 to 1.85]) and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (1.47 [1.14 to 1.90]), cancer (1.38 [1.24 to 1.53]), coronary heart disease (2.58 [2.20 to 3.03]), cerebrovascular diseases (3.11 [2.42 to 3.98]), but not pneumonia (0.98 [0.69 to 1.38]). Edentulism (all types) was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (1.66 [1.46 to 1.88]) and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (2.03 [1.50 to 2.74]), cancer (1.55 [1.24 to 1.94]), pneumonia (1.72 [1.07 to 2.78]), coronary heart disease (2.98 [2.43 to 3.65]), and cerebrovascular diseases (3.18 [2.24 to 4.51]). Periodontitis and its ultimate sequela (edentulism) are associated with an increased risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality (PROSPERO CRD42018100095).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Romandini
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Baima
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - G Antonoglou
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Bueno
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Figuero
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,ETEP Research Group (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases), University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Sanz
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,ETEP Research Group (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases), University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Kalsi AS, Bomfim DI, Hussain Z. Factors affecting decision making at reassessment of periodontitis. Part 2: interpretation of clinical findings - systemic factors. Br Dent J 2019; 227:797-801. [PMID: 31705095 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-019-0893-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This paper is the second in a four-part series outlining treatment planning at periodontal reassessment. The first article focussed on the information that should be gathered at the reassessment appointment. Treatment can involve a range of non-surgical and surgical approaches. A variety of general, practical and local site factors can affect the choice of one option over another in choosing the most predictable treatment option. Residual periodontal probing depths can be associated with both systemic and local factors. This article (part 2) outlines systemic factors that need to be assessed when faced with residual periodontal probing depths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amardip S Kalsi
- Speciality Trainee Registrar in Restorative Dentistry, Eastman Dental Hospital, 47-49 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DG, UK.
| | - Deborah I Bomfim
- Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, Eastman Dental Hospital, 47-49 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DG, UK
| | - Zahra Hussain
- Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, Eastman Dental Hospital, 47-49 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DG, UK
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22
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Salivary Cytokine Biomarker Concentrations in Relation to Obesity and Periodontitis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122152. [PMID: 31817464 PMCID: PMC6947340 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic low-grade inflammation is associated with obesity. Our aim was to examine the association between obesity and salivary biomarkers of periodontitis. Salivary interleukin (IL)-1-receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentrations were measured from 287 non-diabetic obese (body mass index (BMI) of >35 kg/m2) individuals and 293 normal-weight (BMI of 18.5–25 kg/m2) controls. Periodontal status was defined according to a diagnostic cumulative risk score (CRS) to calculate the risk of having periodontitis (CRS I, low risk; CRS II, medium risk; CRS III, high risk). In the whole population, and especially in smokers, higher IL-8 and lower IL-10 concentrations were detected in the obese group compared to the control group, while in non-smoking participants, the obese and control groups did not differ. IL-1Ra and IL-8 concentrations were higher in those with medium or high risk (CRS II and CRS III, p < 0.001) of periodontitis, whereas IL-10 and TNF-α concentrations were lower when compared to those with low risk (CRS I). In multivariate models adjusted for periodontal status, obesity did not associate with any salivary cytokine concentration. In conclusion, salivary cytokine biomarkers are not independently associated with obesity and concentrations are dependent on periodontal status.
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23
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Roberts HM, Grant MM, Hubber N, Super P, Singhal R, Chapple ILC. Impact of Bariatric Surgical Intervention on Peripheral Blood Neutrophil (PBN) Function in Obesity. Obes Surg 2019; 28:1611-1621. [PMID: 29238916 PMCID: PMC5973997 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-017-3063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of weight loss following gastric band surgery on multiple measures of peripheral blood neutrophil (PBN) function. Material and Methods Twenty-three obese patients undergoing gastric band surgery were recruited to a longitudinal intervention study, alongside non-obese, healthy gender- and age-matched controls. Eighteen pairs of patients and controls completed all stages of the study. PBNs were isolated by density centrifugation and a comprehensive analysis of PBN function was undertaken at various stages of the patients’ bariatric surgical care pathway. Results Obese patients exhibited exaggerated PBN activity in response to various stimuli, characterised by higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation (n = 18, p < 0.001) and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (n = 10, p < 0.05) and lower PBN extracellular trap (NET) formation (n = 18, p < 0.01). PBN chemotactic accuracy was also impaired prior to surgery (n = 18, p < 0.01). Weight loss was associated with normalised NET production and lower ROS production and cytokine release relative to healthy controls. However, chemotactic accuracy remained impaired in patients. Conclusions Weight loss following gastric band surgery was associated with a decrease in the pro-inflammatory activities of peripheral blood neutrophils (PBNs). A hyper-inflammatory PBN phenotype, involving excess ROS and cytokine release, reduced NET formation and chemotaxis, may lead to a reduced ability to eliminate infection, alongside inflammation-mediated tissue damage in obese individuals. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11695-017-3063-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Roberts
- Periodontal Research Group, School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Science, University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital (Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust), 5 Mill Pool Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B5 7ET, UK
| | - Melissa M Grant
- Periodontal Research Group, School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Science, University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital (Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust), 5 Mill Pool Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B5 7ET, UK.
| | - Naomi Hubber
- Periodontal Research Group, School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Science, University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital (Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust), 5 Mill Pool Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B5 7ET, UK
| | - Paul Super
- Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Bordesley Green East, B9 5SS, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rishi Singhal
- Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Bordesley Green East, B9 5SS, Birmingham, UK
| | - Iain L C Chapple
- Periodontal Research Group, School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Science, University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital (Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust), 5 Mill Pool Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B5 7ET, UK
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24
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Poulsen H, Meurman JH, Kautiainen H, Heikkinen AM, Huvinen E, Koivusalo S, Eriksson JG. Oral Health in Women with a History of High Gestational Diabetes Risk. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:E92. [PMID: 31484379 PMCID: PMC6784739 DOI: 10.3390/dj7030092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied oral health in 115 women with and without a history of gestational diabetes (GDM), expecting poorer oral health in the GDM group. Full-mouth examinations were performed 5 years postpartum and the number of teeth, total dental index (TDI) and decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) index were calculated. Bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), visible plaque index (VPI), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded. The periodontal inflammatory burden index (PIBI) was calculated. Panoramic radiographs were taken and signs of infections recorded. Oral health habits, symptoms and participants' own opinion of oral health were recorded with questionnaires. At the time of examination, 45% of the women had a history of GDM in the index pregnancy. Mild periodontitis (62%) and bleeding on probing (46%) were common. VPI (13% and 17%, p = 0.009) and PIBI (13.1 and 17.5, p = 0.041) were lower among women with a history of GDM compared with those with no history of GDM. There was no difference between groups in DMFT scores. All women reported good subjective oral health. Thus, contrary to our hypothesis, women with a history of GDM showed better oral health parameters than women without a history of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Poulsen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, PB 700, 00029 HUS, Finland.
| | - Jukka H Meurman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, PB 700, 00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, PO Box 20, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Maria Heikkinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, PB 700, 00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Emilia Huvinen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, PO Box 140, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saila Koivusalo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, PO Box 140, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, PO Box 20, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, PO Box 20, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National University Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
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25
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Woeste S, Graetz C, Gerdes S, Mrowietz U. Oral Health in Patients with Psoriasis—A Prospective Study. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:1237-1244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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26
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Montero E, Herrera D, Sanz M, Dhir S, Van Dyke T, Sima C. Development and validation of a predictive model for periodontitis using NHANES 2011-2012 data. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:420-429. [PMID: 30891834 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To develop and validate a predictive model for moderate-to-severe periodontitis in the adult USA population, with data from the 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycle. MATERIAL AND METHODS A subset of 3017 subjects aged >30 years, with >14 teeth present and having received a periodontal examination in addition to data collected on cardio-metabolic risk measures (smoking habit, body mass index [BMI], blood pressure, total cholesterol and glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c]) were used for model development by multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of moderate and severe periodontitis using CDC/AAP classification was 37.1% and 13.2%, respectively. A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that HbA1c ≥5.7% was significantly associated with moderate-to-severe periodontitis (odds ratio, OR = 1.29; p < 0.01). A predictive model including age, gender, ethnicity, HbA1c and smoking habit as variables had 70.0% sensitivity and 67.6% specificity in detecting moderate-to-severe periodontitis in US adults. CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis is a common disease in North American adults, and its prevalence is significantly higher in individuals with pre-diabetes or diabetes. The present study demonstrates that a model including age, gender, ethnicity, HbA1c and smoking habit could be used as a reliable screening tool for periodontitis in primary medical care settings to facilitate referral of patients at risk for periodontal examination and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Montero
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Herrera
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sangeeta Dhir
- Department of Dentistry. Consultant Periodontist, Max Super Specialty Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Thomas Van Dyke
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Corneliu Sima
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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27
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Hamada M, Nomura R, Ogaya Y, Matayoshi S, Kadota T, Morita Y, Uzawa N, Nakano K. Potential involvement of Helicobacter pylori from oral specimens in overweight body-mass index. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4845. [PMID: 30890723 PMCID: PMC6425031 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41166-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterium Helicobacter pylori was originally classified in the Campylobacter genus, which contains major periodontopathic bacterial species, and H. pylori DNA has been found in the oral cavity. Although many studies show an association between the presence of periodontal bacteria and an overweight body-mass index (BMI; >25 kg/m2), the relationship between body weight and the presence of H. pylori in the oral cavity has not been demonstrated. Herein, we analysed the relationship between H. pylori in the oral cavity and systemic conditions, including the overweight BMI. Saliva specimens and extracted teeth were obtained from 87 subjects; the distribution of H. pylori among these specimens was analysed with the polymerase chain reaction. Subjects with an overweight BMI exhibited significantly higher detection rates of H. pylori in saliva, compared with non-overweight subjects (BMI <25 kg/m2) (P < 0.05). A clinical history of digestive diseases was not associated with the presence of H. pylori in overweight subjects, whereas subjects with both severe dental caries and an overweight BMI showed a higher detection rate of H. pylori in saliva specimens, compared with other groups. These results suggest that the detection of H. pylori in the oral cavity could be associated with the overweight BMI, which was predominant among subjects with severe dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Hamada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery II, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryota Nomura
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yuko Ogaya
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Saaya Matayoshi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tamami Kadota
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yumiko Morita
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Narikazu Uzawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery II, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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28
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Kang J, Smith S, Pavitt S, Wu J. Association between central obesity and tooth loss in the non‐obese people: Results from the continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (
NHANES
) 1999–2012. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:430-437. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Kang
- Division of Oral BiologySchool of DentistryUniversity of Leeds Leeds UK
| | - Scott Smith
- Division of Applied Health and Clinical TranslationSchool of DentistryUniversity of Leeds Leeds UK
| | - Susan Pavitt
- Division of Applied Health and Clinical TranslationSchool of DentistryUniversity of Leeds Leeds UK
| | - Jianhua Wu
- Division of Applied Health and Clinical TranslationSchool of DentistryUniversity of Leeds Leeds UK
- Leeds Institute for Data AnalyticsUniversity of Leeds Leeds UK
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29
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Vivekananda L, Faizuddin M. Effect of Weight Reduction on the Serum Adiponectin and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Levels and the Clinical Parameters of Obese Patients with and without Periodontal Disease. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2019; 9:166-171. [PMID: 31058067 PMCID: PMC6489511 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_447_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the current study was to assess the impact of weight reduction on the attenuation of obesity-related periodontal inflammation. METHODS This study was conducted enrolling 60 obese subjects. They were divided into three groups of 20 each. Group 1-healthy group, Group 2-gingivitis group, and Group 3-periodontitis group. The body mass index and waist/hip ratio, periodontal parameters such as plaque index, bleeding index, full mouth periodontal probing depth (PPD) using the University of North Carolina 15 (UNC 15) probe and full mouth clinical attachment loss (CAL) with cementoenamel junction as the reference using UNC 15 probe was evaluated at baseline and after the attainment of ≥10% weight loss by the subjects. Adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured in the serum at baseline and after attainment of ≥10% reduction in weight in a period of 3-18 months. RESULTS Adherence to weight reduction program until the achievement of ≥10% reduction in body weight resulted in statistically significant (P < 0.0001) elevated serum adiponectin and reduced serum TNF-α levels in all three groups. Furthermore, elevations of adiponectin following weight reduction showed significant negative correlations with PPD in all the three groups and in patients with periodontitis, (Group 3) serum adiponectin levels showed significant negative correlations (P = 0.0001) with CAL in Group 3. CONCLUSIONS Controlling obesity presents a good opportunity to alleviate the burden of periodontal disease. Simple weight reduction programs with diet and exercise-related lifestyle modifications may be an efficacious and barrier-free option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalith Vivekananda
- Department of Periodontics, MR Ambedkar Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohamed Faizuddin
- Department of Periodontics, MR Ambedkar Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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30
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Monteiro JLGC, Pellizzer EP, Araújo Lemos CA, de Moraes SLD, do Egito Vasconcelos BC. Is there an association between overweight/obesity and dental implant complications? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 48:1241-1249. [PMID: 30792086 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to test the following hypotheses: (1) that there is no difference in implant survival rate between individuals with overweight or obesity and those who are within the ideal weight range; (2) that there are no differences between these groups regarding indicators of peri-implant health. Two independent reviewers performed a literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases for studies published up to April 1, 2018. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the risk difference for implant failure and mean difference for marginal bone loss, probing depth, and bleeding on probing. Six studies were selected for review, involving a total of 746 patients with 986 implants: 609 in overweight or obese individuals and 377 in individuals within the ideal weight range. The findings of this systematic review indicate that the first hypothesis should be accepted, since no statistically significant difference in implant survival rate was found between individuals with overweight/obesity and those within the ideal weight range (P=0.64). The second hypothesis was rejected, as the review indicated a difference in marginal bone loss (P<0.00001), probing depth (P<0.00001), and bleeding around dental implants (P<0.00001).
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Affiliation(s)
- J L G C Monteiro
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil
| | - E P Pellizzer
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Dental School of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - C A Araújo Lemos
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Dental School of Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - S L D de Moraes
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil
| | - B C do Egito Vasconcelos
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco, Camaragibe, PE, Brazil.
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31
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Li W, Shi D, Song W, Xu L, Zhang L, Feng X, Lu R, Wang X, Meng H. A novel U-shaped relationship between BMI and risk of generalized aggressive periodontitis in Chinese: A cross-sectional study. J Periodontol 2018; 90:82-89. [PMID: 29944736 DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - Dong Shi
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - Wenli Song
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - Xianghui Feng
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - Ruifang Lu
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - Xiane Wang
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - Huanxin Meng
- Department of Periodontology; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
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32
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Machado V, Botelho J, Amaral A, Proença L, Alves R, Rua J, Cavacas MA, Delgado AS, Mendes JJ. Prevalence and extent of chronic periodontitis and its risk factors in a Portuguese subpopulation: a retrospective cross-sectional study and analysis of Clinical Attachment Loss. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5258. [PMID: 30065871 PMCID: PMC6063205 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess the prevalence and extent of chronic periodontitis, and its risk factors in a Portuguese subpopulation referred to periodontal examination. Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study used a subset of data from patients who sought dental treatment in a university dental clinic in the Lisbon metropolitan area. The sample consisted of 405 individuals (225 females/180 males), aged 20–90 years. All patients underwent a full-mouth periodontal examination and chronic periodontitis was defined as Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) ≥ 3 mm affecting two or more teeth. Aggressive periodontitis cases were excluded from the analysis. Results Prevalence of chronic periodontitis was 83.5% (95% CI [80.4–86.6%]). For these subjects, CAL ≥ 3 mm affected 86.0% (95% CI [84.7–87.2]) of sites and 83.7% (95% CI [81.7–85.6]) of teeth, respectively. Mean CAL ranged from 3.6 to 4.3 mm, according to age. In the multivariate logistic regression model, smoking (OR = 3.55, 95% CI [1.80–7.02]) and older age (OR = 8.70, 95% CI [3.66–20.69] and OR = 4.85, 95% CI [2.57–9.16]), for 65+ and 45–64 years old, respectively, were identified as risk indicators for CAL ≥ 3 mm. Conclusions This particular Portuguese adult subpopulation had a high prevalence of chronic periodontitis, with severe and generalized clinical attachment loss, and its presence was significantly associated with age and smoking. This data should serve to prepare future detailed epidemiological studies and appropriate public health programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Machado
- Department of Periodontology, Clinical Research Unit, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal.,Clinical Research Unit, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal
| | - João Botelho
- Department of Periodontology, Clinical Research Unit, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal.,Clinical Research Unit, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal
| | - António Amaral
- Clinical Research Unit, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal
| | - Luís Proença
- Clinical Research Unit, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Alves
- Department of Periodontology, Clinical Research Unit, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal.,Clinical Research Unit, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal
| | - João Rua
- Clinical Research Unit, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal
| | - Maria Alzira Cavacas
- Environmental Health, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal
| | - Ana Sintra Delgado
- Clinical Research Unit, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal
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Alkhudhairy F, Vohra F, Al-Kheraif AA, Akram Z. Comparison of clinical and radiographic peri-implant parameters among obese and non-obese patients: A 5-year study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018; 20:756-762. [PMID: 30028553 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is postulated that peri-implant parameters are worse in obese individuals as compared to nonobese. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present 5-year longitudinal study was to analyze and compare the changes in clinical and radiographic peri-implant parameters among obese and non-obese patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients with body mass index ≥ 27.5 kg/m2 and 18 non-obese controls were included. All patients were indicated for single tooth maxillary or mandibular molar replacement with the adjacent teeth intact. Peri-implant clinical (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing depth [PD]) and radiographic (marginal bone loss [MBL]) parameters were measured at 12, 24, and 60 months of follow-up. RESULTS All peri-implant parameters showed statistically significant difference between obese and non-obese individuals. Obese group recorded significant higher BOP, PD, and MBL at different observation times. Probing depth and MBL increased significantly with advance of time in both groups. After 60 months of follow-up period, greater PI and BOP was observed in obese patients (P < 0.01). At 60 months follow-up period, obese patients showed significant increased PD (3.69 mm) as compared to non-obese individuals (2.46 mm). Marginal bone loss in non-obese individuals varied from 0.30 mm after 12 months, reaching 0.55 mm after 60 months of follow-up period, while in obese patients MBL values went from 0.36 mm after 12 months to 0.91 mm at 60 months follow-up (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Patients with obesity are at risk of increased localized peri-implant soft and hard tissue inflammation. It is recommended that clinicians should educate obese patients about risk of increased peri-implant tissue inflammation and susceptibility to bone loss and stipulate stringent oral hygiene care for ideal peri-implant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alkhudhairy
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohaib Akram
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Suresh S, Mahendra J, Singh G, Pradeep Kumar AR, Thilagar S, Rao N. Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on plasma-reactive oxygen metabolite and gingival crevicular fluid resistin and serum resistin levels in obese and normal weight individuals with chronic periodontitis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 22:310-316. [PMID: 30131622 PMCID: PMC6077962 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_108_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The hyperoxidative and a modified inflammatory state in obese individuals cause higher susceptibility to bacterial infection which influences the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. Aim: Our study was aimed to evaluate the role of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the clinical parameters such as gingival index (GI), plaque index, pocket probing depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL), plasma-reactive oxygen metabolite (ROM) levels, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) resistin and serum resistin levels in obese or overweight and normal weight individuals with periodontitis. Material and Methods: Sixty individuals of age between 35 and 45 years of both the sexes were selected and categorized into two groups as thirty overweight or obese individuals with chronic periodontitis (Group I) and thirty normal weight individuals with chronic periodontitis (Group II). Clinical parameters, plasma ROM levels, and serum and GCF resistin levels were assessed at baseline and 2 months after periodontal therapy in both the groups and compared. Results: Intergroup comparison of clinical parameters (GI, CAL, PPD) 2 months after therapy showed a significant difference with more reduction in Group II compared to Group I. On comparison, mean plasma ROM, GCF, and serum resistin levels at baseline was higher in Group I compared to Group II. When plasma ROM, GCF, and serum resistin levels were compared 2 months after therapy, the reduction was more in Group II compared to Group I. Conclusion: It is concluded that along with periodontal therapy, motivation of patients for weight reduction program is mandatory for obese or overweight individuals with periodontitis in order to improve periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snophia Suresh
- Department of Periodontics, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gurdeep Singh
- Department of Periodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sivasankari Thilagar
- Department of Periodontics, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Neeharika Rao
- Department of Periodontics, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Vohra F, Alkhudhairy F, Al-Kheraif AA, Akram Z, Javed F. Peri-implant parameters and C-reactive protein levels among patients with different obesity levels. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2017; 20:130-136. [DOI: 10.1111/cid.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science; College of Dentistry, King Saud University; Riyadh 11545 Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alkhudhairy
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry, King Saud University; Riyadh 11545 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif
- Dental Health Department; College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University; Riyadh 11545 Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohaib Akram
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry; Ziauddin University; Karachi 756000 Pakistan
| | - Fawad Javed
- Department of General Dentistry; Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester; Rochester New York
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Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a spectrum of conditions that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. The components of MetS include dysglycemia, visceral obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia (elevated triglycerides and low levels of high-density lipoprotein) and hypertension. An association of periodontal disease and MetS has been suggested. This association is believed to be the result of systemic oxidative stress and an exuberant inflammatory response. When examined individually, the components of the MetS that are most closely related to the risk of periodontitis are dysglycemia and obesity, with lesser contributions by atherogenic dyslipidemia and hypertension. Data suggest that the odds of periodontitis increase with the number of MetS components present in an individual. The direction of the relationship between MetS and periodontal disease cannot currently be determined because the majority of studies are cross-sectional. The association between MetS and periodontitis, however, suggests that improved understanding of this association could promote interprofessional practice. Evidence suggests that periodontal therapy can reduce the levels of inflammatory mediators in serum. If this finding is confirmed, periodontal treatment could become part of therapy for MetS. Oral health providers who identify patients at risk for MetS could refer them to a medical provider, and physicians could refer patients to dentists to ensure that patients with MetS receive a dental evaluation and any necessary treatment. These clinical activities would improve both oral and general health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira B. Lamster
- Department of Health Policy & Management, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Pagan
- Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Park MJ, Song JH, Shon MS, Kim HO, Kwon OJ, Roh SS, Kim CY, Kim GN. Anti-Adipogenic Effects of Ethanol Extracts Prepared from Selected Medicinal Herbs in 3T3-L1 Cells. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2016; 21:227-235. [PMID: 27752499 PMCID: PMC5063208 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2016.21.3.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for various metabolic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we prepared ethanol extracts from Agastache rugosa (ARE), Chrysanthemum zawadskii (CZE), Mentha arvensis (MAE), Perilla frutescens (PFE), Leonurus sibiricus (LSE), Gardenia jasminoides (GJE), and Lycopus coreanus (LCE). The anti-oxidant and anti-adipogenic effects were evaluated. The IC50 values for ascorbic acid and LCE against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals were 246.2 μg/mL and 166.2 μg/mL, respectively, followed by ARE (186.6 μg/mL), CZE (198.6 μg/mL), MAE (337.1 μg/mL), PFE (415.3 μg/mL), LSE (548.2 μg/mL), and GJE (626.3 μg/mL). In non-toxic concentration ranges, CZE had a strong inhibitory effect against 3T3-L1 adipogenes (84.5%) than those of the other extracts. Furthermore, the anti-adipogenic effect of CZE is largely limited in the early stage of adipogenesis, and we revealed that the inhibitory role of CZE in adipogenesis is required for the activation of Wnt signaling. Our results provide scientific evidence that the anti-adipogenic effect of CZE can be applied as an ingredient for the development of functional foods and nutri-cosmetics for obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jun Park
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Kyungnam University, Gyeongnam 51767, Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Song
- Traditional and Biomedical Research Center, Daejeon 34520, Korea
| | - Myung-Soo Shon
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Kyungnam University, Gyeongnam 51767, Korea
| | - Hae Ok Kim
- Department of Nursing, Kyungnam University, Gyeongnam 51767, Korea
| | - O Jun Kwon
- Gyeongbuk Regional Industry Evaluation, Daegyeong Institute for Regional Program Evaluation, Daegu 38542, Korea
| | - Seong-Soo Roh
- Department of Herbology, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Korea
| | - Choon Young Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea
| | - Gyo-Nam Kim
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Kyungnam University, Gyeongnam 51767, Korea
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Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are associated with periodontal disease. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:1553-1558. [PMID: 27686455 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1965-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vitamin D plays an essential role in bone metabolism as well as in immunity. Hence, it might affect the development and extent of periodontal disease. The aim of this study was the assessment of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status in periodontal disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-nine patients with severe periodontal disease and 29 healthy volunteers were recruited in this case-control-study. Serum 25(OH)D levels, Periodontal Probing Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Body Mass Index (BMI), and current smoking status and smoking history (packyears) were assessed in all participants. Serum 25(OH)D levels were compared between controls and cases. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for periodontal disease in 25(OH)D deficient probands. RESULTS Patients with periodontal disease presented a significantly higher proportion of deficient 25(OH)D levels (i.e., <50 nmol/l) compared to healthy controls (48 vs. 14 % respectively). The adjusted OR for periodontal disease with vitamin D deficiency was 1.5 (95 % CI, 1.13-1.98). No correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels and CAL, PPD, and BOP in the group with periodontal disease was found. CONCLUSIONS In this case-control-study 25(OH)D deficiency is significantly associated with periodontal disease. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The assessment of vitamin D levels in patients presenting with periodontal disease seems advisable, as vitamin D deficiency might be involved in the onset and progression of periodontal disease.
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Akram Z, Abduljabbar T, Abu Hassan MI, Javed F, Vohra F. Cytokine Profile in Chronic Periodontitis Patients with and without Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2016; 2016:4801418. [PMID: 27795608 PMCID: PMC5067315 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4801418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the cytokine profile as biomarkers in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of chronic periodontitis (CP) patients with and without obesity, MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, and SCOPUS databases were combined with handsearching of articles published from 1977 up to May 2016 using relevant MeSH terms. Meta-analyses were conducted separately for each of the cytokines: resistin, adiponectin, TNF-α, leptin, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1β. Forest plots were produced reporting standardized mean difference of outcomes and 95% confidence intervals. Eleven studies were included. Three studies showed comparable levels of leptin among obese and nonobese patients with CP. Four studies reported comparable levels of interleukin- (IL-) 6 and resistin whereas five studies reported comparable levels of adiponectin. Two studies reported similar levels of CRP in patients with periodontitis with and without obesity. One study showed higher levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in obese patients with CP. One study showed higher levels of IL-1β and IL-8 in obese patients with CP. The level of localized periodontal inflammation may have a greater influence on the GCF proinflammatory biomarker levels as compared to systemic obesity. Whether patients having chronic periodontitis with obesity have elevated proinflammatory GCF biomarkers levels compared to nonobese individuals remains debatable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Akram
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim Abu Hassan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, MARA University of Technology, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fawad Javed
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620, USA
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Leira Y, López-Dequidt I, Arias S, Rodríguez-Yáñez M, Leira R, Sobrino T, Campos F, Blanco M, Blanco J, Castillo J. Chronic periodontitis is associated with lacunar infarct: a case-control study. Eur J Neurol 2016; 23:1572-9. [PMID: 27418418 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic periodontitis (ChP) and lacunar infarct (LI) are two common diseases amongst the elderly. Although several studies have shown an association between ischaemic stroke and ChP, little is known about the relationship between ChP and LI. The study aims to investigate whether ChP is associated with the presence of lacunar stroke. METHODS An age- and gender-matched case-control study of 62 cases (subjects diagnosed with LI) and 60 controls is reported. Clinical periodontal measures (probing pocket depth, recession, clinical attachment level, full mouth plaque score and full mouth gingival bleeding on probing score) were assessed, and associated risk factors for periodontitis and lacunar stroke were ascertained by means of a structured questionnaire. RESULTS Chronic periodontitis showed a strong association with LI after adjusting for common vascular risk factors (odds ratio 4.20; 95% confidence interval 1.81-10.20; P = 0.001). Likewise, severe ChP and LI also tended to be significantly associated, independent of other vascular covariates (odds ratio 3.53; 95% confidence interval 1.07-12.77; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Chronic periodontitis was independently associated with the presence of LI after adjusting for well-known vascular risk factors for lacunar stroke. Further observational studies are necessary to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms that can explain this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Leira
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. .,Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - I López-Dequidt
- Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Area, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Arias
- Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Area, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Rodríguez-Yáñez
- Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Area, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Leira
- Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Area, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - T Sobrino
- Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Area, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - F Campos
- Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Area, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Blanco
- Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Area, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Blanco
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Castillo
- Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Area, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Kapellas K, Mejia G, Bartold PM, Skilton MR, Maple-Brown LJ, Slade GD, O'Dea K, Brown A, Celermajer DS, Jamieson LM. Periodontal therapy and glycaemic control among individuals with type 2 diabetes: reflections from the PerioCardio study. Int J Dent Hyg 2016; 15:e42-e51. [PMID: 27245786 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease are highly prevalent among Indigenous Australian adults. Untreated periodontitis impacts glycaemic control in people with diabetes. The aim of this study was to report on the effect of periodontal therapy on glycaemic control among people with obesity. METHODS This subgroup analysis is limited to 62 participants with diabetes from the original 273 Aboriginal Australian adults enrolled into the PerioCardio study. Intervention participants received full-mouth non-surgical periodontal scaling during a single, untimed session while controls were untreated. Endpoints of interest included change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), C-reactive protein (CRP) and periodontal status at 3 months post-intervention. RESULTS There were more females randomized to the treatment group (n = 17) than control (n = 10) while the control group had a higher overall body mass index (BMI) [mean (SD)] 33.1 (9.7 kg m-2 ) versus 29.9 (6.0 kg m-2 ). A greater proportion of males were followed up at 3 months compared to females, P = 0.05. Periodontal therapy did not significantly reduce HbA1c: ancova difference in means 0.22 mmol mol-1 (95% CI -6.25 to 6.69), CRP: ancova difference in means 0.64 (95% CI -1.08, 2.37) or periodontal status at 3 months. CONCLUSIONS Non-surgical periodontal therapy did not significantly reduce glycated haemoglobin in participants with type 2 diabetes. Reasons are likely to be multifactorial and may be influenced by persistent periodontal inflammation at the follow-up appointments. Alternatively, the BMI of study participants may impact glycaemic control via alternative mechanisms involving the interplay between inflammation and adiposity meaning HbA1c may not be amenable to periodontal therapy in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kapellas
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - G Mejia
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - P M Bartold
- Colgate Australian Clinical Dental Research Centre, School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - M R Skilton
- Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - L J Maple-Brown
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia.,Division of Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - G D Slade
- Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K O'Dea
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, UniSA, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - A Brown
- Aboriginal Research Unit, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - D S Celermajer
- Department of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - L M Jamieson
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Sousa V, Nibali L, Spratt D, Dopico J, Mardas N, Petrie A, Donos N. Peri-implant and periodontal microbiome diversity in aggressive periodontitis patients: a pilot study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2016; 28:558-570. [PMID: 27170047 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the bacterial microbiome in periodontal and peri-implant biofilms deriving from aggressive periodontitis patients (AgP) in conditions of health and disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety-one plaque samples were collected from 18 patients previously diagnosed and treated for AgP. The samples were taken from (i) 24 residual periodontal pockets (TD) (n = 6 patients), (ii) 24 healthy periodontal sites (TH) (n = 6 patients), (iii) 24 dental sites from the same implant patients (TM) (n = 6 patients), (iv) 5 peri-implantitis sites (II) (n = 2 patients), (v) 6 peri-mucositis sites (IM) (n = 2 patients) and (vi) 8 healthy implant sites (IH) (n = 2 patients). All subjects underwent periodontal clinical and radiographic assessments. Bacterial DNA was extracted, PCR amplified using 16S rRNA gene V5-V7 primers (barcoded amplicons 785F;1175R), purified, pooled at equimolar concentrations and sequenced (MiSeq, Illumina) yielding 250 bp paired-end reads. The 16S rRNA reads were filtered, assembled and analysed. RESULTS The genera Propionibacterium, Paludibacter, Staphylococcus, Filifactor, Mogibacterium, Bradyrhizobium and Acinetobacter were unique to peri-implant sites (P = 0.05). In TM samples, different proportions and bacterial spp. were found when compared with the same patients' samples at implant sites. Specifically, Actinomyces (P = 0.013) and Corynebacterium (P = 0.030) genera showed to be significantly more abundant in the TM group when compared to the II. The highest phylogenetic diversity was observed in residual periodontal pocket sites (TD). Increased annual tooth loss rate and residual pocketing was related to high proportions of the genera Actinomyces, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Streptococcus, Actinomycetaceae, TM7-3, Selenomonas, and Dialister, Treponema, Parvimonas and Peptostreptococcus in the TD group. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this pilot study, the periodontal and peri-implant microbiome presents a dissimilar taxonomic composition across different niches within AgP patients. The host response, the habitat structure and the vast coexistence of strains and species surrounding implants and teeth in health and disease are likely to be shaping the heterogeneous composition of the subgingival biofilms. The TM7 phylum was found only in TD cases. The investigation of the impact of periodontal and peri-implant keystone species on these complex ecosystems in states of health and disease seems to be essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Sousa
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Clinical Research, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.,Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, QMUL, London, UK
| | - Luigi Nibali
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Clinical Research, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.,Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, QMUL, London, UK
| | - David Spratt
- Department of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Jose Dopico
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Clinical Research, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Nikos Mardas
- Centre for Adult Oral Health, Institute of Dentistry, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, QMUL, London, UK
| | - Aviva Petrie
- Biostatistics Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Nikolaos Donos
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Clinical Research, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.,Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, QMUL, London, UK
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Sales-Peres SHC, Groppo FC, Rojas LV, de C Sales-Peres M, Sales-Peres A. Periodontal Status in Morbidly Obese Patients With and Without Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Risk: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Periodontol 2016; 87:772-82. [PMID: 26991486 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the correlation between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) risk with periodontal disease and anthropometric measures in Class III obese patients. METHODS Anthropometric measurements were taken from 108 patients of both sexes, aged 30 to 60 years. The Berlin questionnaire (Bq) and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) were applied to determine the risk for OSAS. Full-mouth periodontal status was determined by probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival bleeding index, and the presence of calculus. Unpaired Student t, χ(2), Fisher exact, and Mann-Whitney U tests were applied to analyze the differences between high and low risk for OSAS groups. RESULTS Overall, 81.5% of the patients showed high risk for OSAS, 46.3% had excessive daytime sleepiness, 41.5% were positive for both the Bq and ESS, and 97.2% had periodontal disease (periodontitis = 85.2% and gingivitis = 60.2%). Patients with periodontal disease showed high risk for OSAS (82.9%) and ESS (45.7%). However, there was no influence of periodontal disease on OSAS risk. Periodontitis was not associated with the ESS (odds ratio [OR] = 1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.54 to 6.26) or Bq (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.10 to 7.84), nor was gingivitis associated with the ESS (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.48 to 3.25) or Bq (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.03 to 1.84). Waist circumference (P = 0.03), neck circumference (NC, P <0.001), and the percentage of predicted NC (PPNC, P <0.001) were significantly larger in the patients at high risk for OSAS than in those at low risk for OSAS. Daytime sleepiness was also associated with NC (P = 0.02) and PPNC (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION There was no association between periodontal disease and OSAS risk in Class III obese patients, but OSAS risk was associated with both NC and PPNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia H C Sales-Peres
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics, and Public Health; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco C Groppo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lida V Rojas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics, and Public Health; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus de C Sales-Peres
- Department of General Surgery, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arsenio Sales-Peres
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics, and Public Health; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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Murrieta J, García R, Contreras B, Valdez R, Juárez M. Relationship between body mass index, bone mineral density, and oral hygiene with periodontal disease in a Mexican elderly group. JOURNAL OF ORAL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.17126/joralres.2016.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Effect of body shape and inflammation on tooth loss in men and women. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:183-190. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1775-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Li LW, Wong HM, Sun L, Wen YF, McGrath CP. Anthropometric measurements and periodontal diseases in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Adv Nutr 2015; 6:828-41. [PMID: 26567204 PMCID: PMC4642430 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to identify and summarize evidence of the association between anthropometric measurements and periodontal status in children and adolescents. We searched PubMed, Institute for Scientific Information Web of Knowledge, Cochrane Library, and 7 additional databases, following the guidance of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, up to December 2014. Observational studies reporting data on the association between anthropometric measurements and periodontal diseases in 2-18-y-old participants were included. An initial search identified 4191 papers; 278 potentially effective studies (k = 0.82) and 16 effective studies (k = 0.83) were included after screening. The mean quality of evidence among the studies was 20.3, according to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology checklist (k = 0.79). Meta-analyses showed that obesity (measured by body mass index) was significantly associated with visible plaque index (OR: 4.75; 95% CI: 2.42, 9.34), bleeding on probing (OR: 5.41; 95% CI: 2.75, 10.63), subgingival calculus (OR: 3.07; 95% CI: 1.10, 8.62), probing depth (OR: 14.15; 95% CI: 5.10, 39.25) and flow rate of salivary secretion (standardized mean difference: -0.89; 95% CI: -1.18, -0.61). However, various results were reported in the effective studies that were not included in meta-analyses. In conclusion, obesity is associated with some signs of periodontal disease in children and adolescents. Further studies with a comprehensive prospective cohort design and more potential variables are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ling Sun
- Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics and
| | | | - Colman P McGrath
- Periodontology and Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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