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Alharbi BFH, Baker P, Pavey T, Alharbi MF. Investigating the beliefs of Saudi females regarding physical activity: a qualitative exploration. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2296696. [PMID: 38127866 PMCID: PMC10763862 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2296696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Saudi women have been deprived of equal access to and opportunities for an active lifestyle due to sociocultural restrictions. Using the theory of planned behaviour, this elicitation study aimed to explore the salient beliefs of young Saudi women aged 18-35 regarding physical activity (PA). METHODS A descriptive qualitative methodology was utilized using a semi-structured interview. A total of 25 transcribed interviews were coded. Content analysis was used to identify the salient beliefs and to rank-order the beliefs using an adaptation of Burnard's model. FINDINGS Thirty-five salient beliefs were identified as dominant factors in the decision to engage in PA. The salient beliefs about PA are classified as positive (related to advantages, social approval, and enabling) and negative (related to disadvantages, social disapproval, and barriers). These included behavioural beliefs (concerning physical/psychological well-being and social opportunities), normative beliefs (concerning family, community, international and local media influencers' expectations), and control beliefs (concerning personal, social, natural, and built environment enablers as well as constraints). CONCLUSIONS Due to the elicited beliefs, young women may be able to adopt more active lifestyles and change their inactive behaviour. Addressing negative beliefs can help change their inactive behaviour. Strengthening positive beliefs and facilitators is also beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basmah Fehaid H Alharbi
- Basic Health Science Department, Qassim University, Applied Medical Science College, Al-Qassim Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Philip Baker
- Faculty of Health, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove
| | - Toby Pavey
- Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology
| | - Manal F. Alharbi
- Maternal & Child Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang H, Sheng J, Yue X, Lou H, Ban X, Wu W, Li R, Gao G, Wang C, Lou X, Wang X. Proportion, Correlates and the Associations of Meeting 24-h Movement Guidelines With Mental Well-Being and Psychological Distress: A Cross-Sectional Study of 10 589 Chinese Students. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13329. [PMID: 39245883 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increased trends in psychological distress and mental illness have been of great significance in public health concerns. The study aimed to investigate the proportion and correlates of meeting 24-h movement guidelines (including moderate to vigorous physical activity, screen time and sleep duration) and the associations between 24-h movement guidelines met and mental well-being and psychological distress in a large sample of Chinese students. METHODS All participants received a physical examination and filled out questionnaires in this study. Chi-square tests were used to analyse the proportion of reaching 24-h guidelines by gender and logistic regression was used to analyse correlates of meeting 24-h guidelines. Two binary logistic regression models were used to analyse the association between meeting 24-h guidelines and mental well-being and psychological distress. The back-propagation artificial neural network was used to describe the importance of the independent variables. RESULTS The findings revealed a generally low rate of meeting the 24-h movement guidelines, particularly concerning moderate to vigorous physical activity (16.5%). Meeting all three guidelines was related to better mental health in both boys and girls. Particularly, meeting screen time guideline and meeting sleep duration guideline appeared to be more important on mental outcomes, compared to meeting moderate to vigorous physical activity guideline. Compared with boys, girls were more susceptible to the influences of 24-h movement guidelines on mental health. CONCLUSIONS Meeting all three components of the 24-h movement guidelines was associated with the most favourable mental health outcomes for both boys and girls. Thus, maintaining a daily balance of sufficient physical activity, limited screen time, and adequate sleep is crucial for enhancing the mental health status of students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing Sheng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinpei Yue
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hao Lou
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaolei Ban
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wencan Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ran Li
- Station for Students' Health, Zhengzhou Educational Science Planning and Evaluation Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Genli Gao
- Vocational Education and Adult Education, The Education Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaomin Lou
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xian Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Peng R, Chang J, Du Y, Zhang C, Li X, Guo Y, Zhao Y, Feng H. Older adults' perceptions and experiences of engaging in web- and mobile-based physical activity interventions: A systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 59:630-638. [PMID: 39197354 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Web- and mobile-based physical activity interventions effectively promote physical and mental health among older adults, but participation and adherence are suboptimal. METHODS This qualitative review used the mega-aggregation approach. Searches were conducted in five databases from the earliest to November 2023. Quality assessment and data extraction used JBI tools. Data synthesis used the COM-B model as a guide. RESULTS Sixteen sub-themes were identified from the eight studies and categorized into the COM-B model. Sub‑themes were physical and psychological changes, digital skills and knowledge, older adult-friendly design, integration into daily routines, social influence, family engagement and support, health benefits and impairments, accessibility and flexibility, low cost, visibility and interaction, instructions and feedback, personalization and progression, incentives, self-efficacy, visual cues, self-monitoring. DISCUSSION Web- and mobile-based interventions motivate older adults to engage in physical activity, but modifications are necessary. This includes age-appropriate interfaces and contents, tailored behavioral change techniques, and family engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruotong Peng
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Chang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunfei Du
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongzhen Guo
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yinan Zhao
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China; Oceanwide Health Management Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Greco F, Quinzi F, Papaianni MC, Cosco LF, Segura-Garcia C, Emerenziani GP. Effects of school-based physical activity on volition in exercise, sleep quality and internet addiction in Italian adolescents. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32129. [PMID: 38882324 PMCID: PMC11177120 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
School-settings represent ideal context to promote healthy habits as in adolescence most risk factors may occur or intensify leading to the adoption of unhealthy lifestyles. Thus, a deeper understanding of the factors promoting healthy lifestyles in adolescents is of utmost importance. This observational study aims to investigate: 1) gender-related differences in physical activity (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescets - PAQ-A), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index - PSQI) and internet addiction (Internet Addiction Test - IAT) levels and Volition in Exercise (VE); 2) the relationship between PAQ-A and VE, PSQI and IAT; 3) the effects of a five-month (T0; T5) school-based physical activity (PA) intervention on the above-mentioned factors. PAQ-A,VE, PSQI and IAT were assessed before (T0) and after (T5) a school-based PA intervention. The PA intervention consisted of coordinative exercises and team sports performed for 1 h twice a week. At T0, girls showed lower PAQ-A, PSQI scores, lower volition facilitators ("self-confidence" and "coping with failure") and higher volition inhibitor ("postponing training") than boys. Significant correlations were observed for volition factors an IAT in males and volition and PSQI and IAT in females. After the PA intervention (T5), "postponing training" and "self-confidence" factors were reduced compared to T0. Exercise specialists should consider gender differences in volition in exercise factors during a school-based PA to plan and realize PA protocols aiming at maximizing exercise adherence to tackle sedentary behaviors in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Greco
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Federico Quinzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, CZ, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Gian Pietro Emerenziani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, CZ, Italy
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Batista MB, de Freitas MCM, Romanzini CLP, Barbosa CCL, Shigaki GB, Fernandes RA, Romanzini M, Ronque ERV. Sports participation in childhood and adolescence and physical activity intensity in adulthood. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299604. [PMID: 38696508 PMCID: PMC11065273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to analyze the association between sports participation in childhood and adolescence and the practice of physical activity at different intensities in adulthood, and to verify if some sports participation characteristics such as number of sports; type of sport (individual, collective or a combination of both) and total estimated sports participation time are associated with the different physical activity intensities in adulthood. DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study. METHODS This study included 129 young adults of both sexes aged 18-25 years. Sports participation in childhood (7-10 years) and adolescence (11-17 years) was retrospectively estimated through specific questionnaire. Light, moderate, vigorous and moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity was objectively estimated by accelerometers. To verify the association between SP in childhood and adolescence and BP intensities in adults, multiple linear regression was adopted, with 5% significance. RESULTS Analyses showed that, in females, sports participation in childhood (β = 0.315; R2 = 0.14; P = 0.020) and persistence in sports participation (β = 0.364; R2 = 0.18; P = 0.007) were positive predictors of vigorous physical activity in adulthood. In addition, the comparison according to the specificities of the sport practice, indicated that participation in two or more sports in childhood, one sport and collective sports in adolescence and at least one year of sports participation throughout childhood and adolescence were associated with longer time in vigorous physical activity intensity and MVPA (minutes/day) in adult females (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS It could be concluded that sports participation indicators in childhood and adolescence were considered predictors of vigorous physical activity in adult females. In addition, number of sports, type of sport and practice time in childhood and adolescence seem to predict vigorous and moderate to vigorous levels of physical activity for adult females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Biagi Batista
- School of Education, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mileny Caroline Menezes de Freitas
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Catiana Leila Possamai Romanzini
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Correa Lopes Barbosa
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
- Academic Department of Humanities, Federal University of Technology Paraná (UTFPR), Apucarana, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Blasquez Shigaki
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, University Paulista (UNIP), São Paulo, Brazil
- University Center of Rio Preto (UNIRP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Romanzini
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Enio Ricardo Vaz Ronque
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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O’Grady M, Connolly D, Kennedy M, Mockler D, Broderick J, Barrett E. The Role of Intermediaries in Connecting Community-Dwelling Adults to Local Physical Activity and Exercise: A Scoping Review. Int J Integr Care 2024; 24:12. [PMID: 38706537 PMCID: PMC11067969 DOI: 10.5334/ijic.7731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Connecting inactive individuals to local physical activity (PA) and exercise, via intermediaries (professionals who can facilitate and support connections to non-medical services) may be an effective method to tackle physical inactivity. Evidence regarding the processes of intermediaries, the profile of people referred, how connections to local PA and exercise are made and outcomes of these connections is lacking. Methods This scoping review followed guidelines from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Searches of four electronic databases (Embase, Medline, Web of Science, CINAHL) and an extensive grey literature search were conducted from inception to June 2022. Full-text studies which reported on community-dwelling adults (population), and the processes of intermediaries (concept) when connecting to local PA and exercise (context) were considered for inclusion. A logic model was created to map processes to outcomes. Evidence advances and gaps were identified. Results N = 28 studies were identified. Participants referred to an intermediary were older, female, and with poorer health. Where possible, the processes of referral, assessment, follow-up and discharge by intermediaries were described, as well as the local PA and exercise services used. Short-term PA outcomes appeared positive after working with intermediaries, but many studies were poorly described, and the review was not designed to examine effectiveness of this intervention. Discussion/Conclusion Many aspects of the processes were poorly described. More robust studies evaluating the processes of intermediaries are needed, as well as further exploration of the optimum processes in improving PA outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan O’Grady
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Deirdre Connolly
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Megan Kennedy
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Mockler
- The Library of Trinity College, The University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Julie Broderick
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emer Barrett
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Borhani M, Hosseini ZS, Shahabodin N, Mehri A, Kiani M, Abedi M. Empowering Rural Housewives in Iran: Utilizing the Transtheoretical Model to Increase Physical Activity. J Prev Med Public Health 2024; 57:167-175. [PMID: 38374712 PMCID: PMC10999308 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.23.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rural housewives are integral to household management and family care, yet their sedentary lifestyles present significant health risks. This study used the transtheoretical model (TTM) to investigate strategies that encourage and maintain regular exercise habits among rural housewives. METHODS A semi-experimental study was conducted in 2021 with 114 housewives aged 30 to 59 who attended rural health centers in Gorgan, Iran. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups. Data collection involved a validated questionnaire that gathered demographic information and constructs of the TTM. The intervention group participated in a comprehensive educational program, which included four 60-minute sessions. Data were collected again 6 months post-intervention and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS version 21. RESULTS The study encompassed women with an average age of 39.75±6.05 years, the majority of whom had educational levels below a diploma, and over 90% were married. We observed strong correlations between the processes of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance. At the outset, there were no significant differences in demographics or model structures between the 2 groups. However, 6 months post-intervention, the intervention group exhibited statistically significant differences in the mean scores of model structures, stages of change, and body mass index (<>p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of physical activity training for rural housewives. The findings suggest that the educational intervention, which utilized the TTM, significantly impacted the participants' model structures and their stages of change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobe Borhani
- Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zakieh Sadat Hosseini
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Paramedicine, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Department of Health Education, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najme Shahabodin
- Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Mehri
- Department of Health Education, Faculty of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mohadese Kiani
- Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Abedi
- Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Li Y, Su T, Hu Y, Jiao C, Guo Q, Jiang Y, Jiang D. Return to Sport After Anatomic Lateral Ankle Stabilization Surgery for Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Am J Sports Med 2024; 52:555-566. [PMID: 37252803 DOI: 10.1177/03635465231170699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic lateral ankle instability that develops after ankle sprains has a severe, negative influence on the patient's lower extremity function. Anatomic repair or reconstruction of the lateral ankle ligament is an effective treatment for people with chronic lateral ankle instability who want to regain their preinjury levels of work and sport. PURPOSE To determine the rate of return to sport (RTS) and related factors after anatomic lateral ankle stabilization (ALAS) surgery. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS Electronic databases including Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and EBSCO Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Source were searched from the earliest feasible entrance until August 2021. Articles reporting the number of patients who returned to sport after ALAS surgery and analyzing the relevant factors were included. The results were combined using proportion meta-analyses. RESULTS A total of 25 publications were reviewed, with a total of 1384 participants. Results showed that 95% of patients (95% CI, 91%-99%) returned to any sport, 83% (95% CI, 73%-91%) returned to their preinjury level of sport, and 87% (95% CI, 71%-98%) returned to competitive sport after surgery. The mean time to RTS was 12.45 weeks (95% CI, 10.8-14.1 weeks). Each decade of age increased the likelihood of RTS failure by 6%, and increases in body mass index (BMI) of 5 kg/m2 raised the risk of RTS failure by 4%. The rate of RTS was higher in professional and competitive athletes (93%; 95% CI, 73%-100%) than in recreational athletes (83%; 95% CI, 76%-89%). Analysis showed no differences for arthroscopy versus open surgery, repair versus reconstruction, and early versus late weightbearing. CONCLUSION In most cases, patients may return to some kind of sport after ALAS surgery, and some patients RTS at their preinjury level. The relative risk of RTS failure increases according to the magnitude of the increase in age and BMI. Elite athletes are more likely to return compared with nonelite athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhang Li
- Department of Sports Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Su
- Department of Sports Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yuelin Hu
- Department of Sports Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Jiao
- Department of Sports Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qinwei Guo
- Department of Sports Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Yang WH, Park JH, Park SY, Park Y. Energetic Contributions Including Gender Differences and Metabolic Flexibility in the General Population and Athletes. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100965. [PMID: 36295868 PMCID: PMC9612238 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic flexibility includes the ability to perform fat and carbohydrate oxidation, as well as oxidative capacity, which is associated with mitochondrial function, energetic contributions, and physical health and performance. During a session of graded incremental exercise testing (GIET), we investigated metabolic flexibility, the contributions of three energy systems, and performances of individuals with different metabolic characteristics. Fifteen general population (GP; n = 15, male n = 7, female n = 8) and 15 national-level half-marathon and triathlon athletes (A; n = 15, male n = 7, female n = 8) participated in this study. During GIET, heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (V˙O2mean and V˙CO2mean), metabolic equivalents (METs) in V˙O2mean, and blood glucose and lactate concentrations (La−) were measured. Furthermore, jogging/running speeds (S) at specific La−, fat and carbohydrate oxidations (FATox and CHOox), and energetic contributions (oxidative; WOxi, glycolytic; WGly, and phosphagen; WPCr) were calculated. The percentages of HRmax, relative V˙O2mean, V˙CO2mean, and METs in V˙O2mean were all lower in A than they were in GP. FATox values were lower in GP than in A, while CHOox and La− were higher in GP than in A. Negative correlations between La− and FATox were also observed in both groups. Contributions of WOxi, WGly, and WPCr were higher in GP than in A during GIET. Moreover, values of WGly, and WPCr were significantly lower and higher, respectively, in male GP than in female GP. Furthermore, S at specific La− were higher in A than in GP. It is suggested that an individualized low-intensity recovery exercise program be established, to achieve increased metabolic flexibility and oxidative capacity (aerobic base), such as public health improvements and a greater volume of higher exercise intensities; this is the type of exercise that elite athletes worldwide mostly perform during their training period and progression. This may prevent cardiac/metabolic diseases in GP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Hwi Yang
- Graduate School of Sports Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13503, Korea
- Department of Medicine, General Graduate School, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13503, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-728-7917
| | - Jeong-Hyun Park
- Graduate School of Sports Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13503, Korea
| | - So-Young Park
- Graduate School of Sports Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13503, Korea
| | - Yongdoo Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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da Silva WQA, Cabral DAR, Bigliassi M, Bortolotti H, Hussey E, Ward N, Fontes EB. The mediating role of inhibitory control in the relationship between prefrontal cortex hemodynamics and exercise performance in adults with overweight or obesity. Physiol Behav 2022; 257:113966. [PMID: 36150475 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Physical inactivity has been suggested to impair physical performance, cognitive functions and facilitate weight gain. One hypothesis is that long periods of physical inactivity could impair oxygen delivery to the prefrontal cortex (PFC), impairing one's cognitive ability to inhibit unhealthy automated behaviors and, therefore, reduce exercise tolerance. The present study sought to further understand the relationship among PFC hemodynamics, inhibitory control, and exercise tolerance in individuals with low physical fitness levels who are overweight or obese. Thirty-four participants were asked to perform a series of inhibitory control tests (i.e., Stroop task) in one testing session and complete an incremental cycling exercise test with hemodynamic fluctuations of the PFC measured with functional near-infrared spectroscopy in another session. Our results indicate that exercise performance varied with PFC oxygenation. We also found that inhibitory control played a key role mediating the relationship between PFC oxygenation and exercise performance, suggesting that the cognitive ability to inhibit automated responses has an impact on exercise behavior in adults with overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcelo Bigliassi
- Department of Teaching and Learning, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Henrique Bortolotti
- Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN Brazil
| | - Erika Hussey
- Defense Innovation Unit, Mountain View, CA, United States of America
| | - Nathan Ward
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States of America
| | - Eduardo Bodnariuc Fontes
- Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN Brazil; Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States of America.
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Rody T, De Amorim JA, De Felice FG. The emerging neuroprotective roles of exerkines in Alzheimer’s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:965190. [PMID: 36118704 PMCID: PMC9472554 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.965190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the extensive knowledge of the beneficial effects of physical exercise, a sedentary lifestyle is still a predominant harm in our society. Sedentarism is one of the major modifiable risk factors for metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, obesity and neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD)–characterized by synaptic failure, amyloid protein deposition and memory loss. Physical exercise promotes neuroprotective effects through molecules released in circulation and mediates the physiological crosstalk between the periphery and the brain. This literature review summarizes the current understanding of the roles of exerkines, molecules released during physical exercise, as systemic and central factors that mediate the beneficial effects of physical exercise on cognition. We highlight the neuroprotective role of irisin—a myokine released from the proteolytic cleavage of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) transmembrane protein. Lastly, we review evidence pointing to physical exercise as a potential preventative and interventional strategy against cognitive decline in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayna Rody
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Julia A. De Amorim
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda G. De Felice
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Fernanda G. De Felice,
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12
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Reid H, Caterson J, Smith R, Baldock J, Jones N, Copeland R. What do healthcare professionals want from a resource to support person-centred conversations on physical activity? A mixed-methods, user-centric approach to developing educational resources. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2022; 8:e001280. [PMID: 35813130 PMCID: PMC9226873 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Healthcare is a fundamental action area in population efforts to address the global disease burden from physical inactivity. However, healthcare professionals lack the knowledge, skills and confidence to have regular conversations about physical activity. This study aimed to: (1) understand the requirements of healthcare professionals and patients from a resource to support routine physical activity conversations in clinical consultations and (2) develop such a resource. METHODS This study used codesign principles across two phases, actively involving relevant stakeholders in an iterative development process. The preparatory phase included a scoping literature review and workshops with multidisciplinary healthcare professionals and patients. The Delphi phase included the development of a draft resource, a three-stage modified online Delphi study and an external review. RESULTS The scoping review highlighted the importance of addressing time restrictions, a behaviour change skill deficit, the need for resources to fit into existing systems and meeting patient expectations. Consultation included 69 participants across two clinical workshops. They recommended using the internet, valued guidance on all aspects of physical activity conversations and were concerned about how to use a person-centred approach. The Delphi phase, including 15 expert participants, met agreement criteria in two stages to develop the resource. CONCLUSION This mixed-methods study delivered an online resource that was codesigned with and based on the requirements of healthcare professionals and patients. The resource presents condition-specific '1-minute', '5-minute' and 'more minute' person-centred and evidence-based conversation templates on physical activity in an accessible and usable format to meet the needs of real-life clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamish Reid
- Moving Medicine, Faculty of Sport And Exercise Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
- Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre (AWRC), Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Ralph Smith
- Oxsport, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - James Baldock
- Oxsport, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Natasha Jones
- Moving Medicine, Faculty of Sport And Exercise Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
- Oxsport, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Robert Copeland
- Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre (AWRC), Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
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13
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Neumann RJ, Ahrens KF, Kollmann B, Goldbach N, Chmitorz A, Weichert D, Fiebach CJ, Wessa M, Kalisch R, Lieb K, Tüscher O, Plichta MM, Reif A, Matura S. The impact of physical fitness on resilience to modern life stress and the mediating role of general self-efficacy. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 272:679-692. [PMID: 34622343 PMCID: PMC9095527 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-021-01338-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Substantial evidence shows that physical activity and fitness play a protective role in the development of stress related disorders. However, the beneficial effects of fitness for resilience to modern life stress are not fully understood. Potentially protective effects may be attributed to enhanced resilience via underlying psychosocial mechanisms such as self-efficacy expectations. This study investigated whether physical activity and fitness contribute to prospectively measured resilience and examined the mediating effect of general self-efficacy. 431 initially healthy adults participated in fitness assessments as part of a longitudinal-prospective study, designed to identify mechanisms of resilience. Self-efficacy and habitual activity were assessed in parallel to cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, which were determined by a submaximal step-test, hand strength and standing long jump test. Resilience was indexed by stressor reactivity: mental health problems in relation to reported life events and daily hassles, monitored quarterly for nine months. Hierarchical linear regression models and bootstrapped mediation analyses were applied. We could show that muscular and self-perceived fitness were positively associated with stress resilience. Extending this finding, the muscular fitness-resilience relationship was partly mediated by self-efficacy expectations. In this context, self-efficacy expectations may act as one underlying psychological mechanism, with complementary benefits for the promotion of mental health. While physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness did not predict resilience prospectively, we found muscular and self-perceived fitness to be significant prognostic parameters for stress resilience. Although there is still more need to identify specific fitness parameters in light of stress resilience, our study underscores the general relevance of fitness for stress-related disorders prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Neumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - K F Ahrens
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - B Kollmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR) gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - N Goldbach
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - A Chmitorz
- Faculty of Social Work, Education and Nursing Sciences, Esslingen University of Applied Sciences, Esslingen, Germany
| | - D Weichert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR) gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - C J Fiebach
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Brain Imaging Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M Wessa
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR) gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - R Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR) gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - K Lieb
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR) gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - O Tüscher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR) gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - M M Plichta
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - A Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - S Matura
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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14
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Calado GDDO, Araújo ADO, Oliveira GTA, Sasaki JE, Rebar AL, Machado DGDS, Elsangedy HM. Positive Implicit Associations for Physical Activity Predict Physical Activity and Affective Responses During Exercise. JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 44:198-205. [PMID: 35365591 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2021-0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of implicit associations and explicit evaluations with affective responses during an aerobic exercise session, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in adults. Fifty adults (70% women; median age = 31 years; 25th, 75th percentiles: 24.50, 40.50 years old; body mass index = 25.29 ± 4.97 kg/m2) not engaged in regular physical activity completed an implicit association test and a questionnaire of explicit evaluations and wore an accelerometer for 7 days. After the 7-day period, the participants performed 30 min of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise. Every 5 min, the affective response and the perception of effort were recorded. Participants who had more positive implicit associations toward physical activity (vs. sedentary behavior) reported higher affective responses during exercise and engaged in more moderate to vigorous physical activity. Encouraging pleasant physical activity may act to partially improve future physical activity through automatic motivational processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jeffer Eidi Sasaki
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba,MG, Brazil
| | - Amanda L Rebar
- Appleton Institute, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD,Australia
| | - Daniel Gomes da Silva Machado
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN,Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN,Brazil
| | - Hassan Mohamed Elsangedy
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN,Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN,Brazil
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15
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Sukys S, Tilindiene I, Trinkuniene L. Association between health literacy and leisure time physical activity among Lithuanian adolescents. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2021; 29:e387-e395. [PMID: 33761177 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, discussion of the potential of health literacy (HL) for health promotion has increased; however, clear evidence illuminating the relationship between adolescents' HL and their physical activity (PA) remains scarce. This study aimed to assess the association between adolescents' HL and leisure time PA. A representative cross-sectional study was conducted with 2,369 Lithuanian adolescents aged 13-16 years. A self-reported questionnaire gathered information regarding HL, leisure time PA, and other confounders (gender, age, family affluence and parents' exercise). Descriptive statistics and the probabilities of being physically active were estimated using logistic regression. The results revealed that almost 60% of the participants were not sufficiently physically active. Having moderate or high levels of HL was positively associated with leisure time PA. Additionally, being male, belonging to a more affluent family, and having a father who exercise were significant predictors of adolescents' leisure time PA. This study revealed that moderate and high HL positively related to leisure time PA among Lithuanian adolescents. The study results highlighted the importance of encouraging schoolchildren's PA and including HL promotion in a school curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saulius Sukys
- Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ilona Tilindiene
- Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Laima Trinkuniene
- Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
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16
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Grote V, Böttcher E, Unger A, Hofmann P, Moser M, Fischer MJ. Observational study of an inpatient program for musculoskeletal disorders: The effects of gender and physical activity. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27594. [PMID: 34713836 PMCID: PMC8556041 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A new inpatient secondary preventive program for patients with musculoskeletal health problems was introduced throughout Austria. The aim of the current work was to evaluate this "Health Prevention Active" program and its possible influences on the quality of medical results upon hospital discharge.This observational study presents monocentric data for 7448 patients (48.99 ± 6.15 years; 53.7% women) with chronic musculoskeletal disorders who completed a 3-week health program. The focus was placed on measuring medical quality outcomes such as BMI, blood pressure, heart rate, pain, subjective ratings, and achieved power output in cycle ergometer exercise testing. We describe pre-post changes before and after the inpatient program and the results of a follow-up survey conducted after 1 year to identify moderating factors related to health outcomes.The medical baseline showed obvious deficits regarding obesity, hypertension, and subjective symptoms. Of all patients, 36.5% were completely inactive. The patient's gender and physical activity had a high impact on the medical baseline status. In total, the majority of patients (86.2%; SMD = -0.78 ± 0.59) responded well to the health prevention program, independent of their ages and lifestyles.Requirements for secondary prevention programs are high. The results of the study reflect the general problems presented by inactivity, obesity, and subjective symptoms like pain. Physical activity was specifically identified as a major factor for the observed medical baseline status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Grote
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rehabilitation Research, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Alexandra Unger
- University College of Teacher Education Carinthia, Viktor Frankl University College, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Peter Hofmann
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport & Health, Exercise Physiology, Training & Training Therapy Research Group, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Maximilian Moser
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Human Research Institute, Weiz, Austria
| | - Michael J. Fischer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rehabilitation Research, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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17
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Lee KH, Ju HM, Yang WH. Metabolic Energy Contributions During High-Intensity Hatha Yoga and Physiological Comparisons Between Active and Passive ( Savasana) Recovery. Front Physiol 2021; 12:743859. [PMID: 34630165 PMCID: PMC8497825 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.743859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate metabolic energy contributions during high-intensity hatha yoga (HIHY) and to compare changes in physiological variables between active and passive recovery methods. Methods: The study involved 20 women yoga instructors (n = 20) who performed 10 min of HIHY (vigorous sun salutation). Upon completion, they were randomly assigned to either active (walking; n = 10) or passive (savasana; n = 10) recovery groups for a period of 10 min. During HIHY, physiological variables such as heart rate (HRpeak and HRmean), oxygen uptake (VO2peak and VO2mean), and blood lactate concentrations (peak La−) were measured. Energetic contributions (phosphagen; WPCR, glycolytic; WGly, and oxidative; WOxi) in kJ and % were estimated using VO2 and La− data. Furthermore, the metabolic equivalents (METs) of VO2peak and VO2mean were calculated. To compare different recovery modes, HRpost, ΔHR, VO2post, ΔVO2, recovery La−, and recovery ΔLa− were analyzed. Results: The results revealed that HRpeak, VO2peak, and peak La− during HIHY showed no differences between the two groups (p > 0.05). Values of HRpeak, HRmean, METs of VO2peak and VO2mean, and La− during HIHY were 95.6% of HRmax, 88.7% of HRmax, 10.54 ± 1.18, 8.67 ±.98 METs, and 8.31 ± 2.18 mmol·L−1, respectively. Furthermore, WOxi was significantly higher compared with WPCR, WGly, and anaerobic contribution (WPCR + WGly), in kJ and % (p < 0.0001). VO2post and recovery ΔLa− were significantly higher in the active recovery group (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0369, respectively). Values of ΔVO2 and recovery La− were significantly lower in the active group compared with the passive group (p = 0.0115, p = 0.0291, respectively). Conclusions: The study concluded that high-intensity hatha yoga which was performed for 10 min is a suitable option for relatively healthy people in the modern workplace who may have hatha yoga experience but do not have time to perform a prolonged exercise. Following active recovery, they can participate in further HIHY sessions during short breaks. Furthermore, a faster return to work can be supported by physiological recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Ho Lee
- Graduate School of Sports Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Myeong Ju
- Graduate School of Sports Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Woo-Hwi Yang
- Graduate School of Sports Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
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18
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Lenze L, Klostermann C, Lamprecht M, Nagel S. Taking Up and Terminating Leisure-Time Physical Activity over the Life Course: The Role of Life Events in the Familial and Occupational Life Domains. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9809. [PMID: 34574729 PMCID: PMC8468990 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is associated with various health-promoting effects. However, little is known about the relationship between life events and changes in LTPA over the life course, especially when multiple life events occur simultaneously. Therefore, this study examines taking up and terminating LTPA associated with life events in the familial and occupational life domains over 16 years of 16-76-year-old Swiss inhabitants (n = 1857) in a retrospective longitudinal cohort design, using a validated telephone survey and multilevel discrete-time event-history analyses. The results show that taking up LTPA was more likely when ending a relationship and retiring and less likely when becoming a parent; terminating LTPA was more likely when ending a job, starting vocational training after 30 years, a relationship ended for men, and becoming a mother with increasing age. If experiencing multiple life events simultaneously, the greater the number of life events, the more likely persons aged 45-70 years were to take up LTPA and, conversely, the more likely persons aged 15-44 years to terminate LTPA. The relationship between life events and changes in LTPA over the life course was often age dependent, especially when experiencing multiple life events simultaneously. The findings should be considered when promoting LTPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lenze
- School of Education, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 5210 Windisch, Switzerland;
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Claudia Klostermann
- School of Education, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 5210 Windisch, Switzerland;
| | - Markus Lamprecht
- Lamprecht und Stamm Sozialforschung und Beratung, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Siegfried Nagel
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
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19
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Kalvandi F, Azizbeigi R, Azizbeigi K. Lipid profile and C-reactive protein changes to elastic-band resistance training in young healthy men. COMPARATIVE EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3920/cep200078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Resistance bands are a device for resistance training routine or rehabilitation program and come in various sizes, lengths, and strengths. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of elastic resistance training (ERT) on lipid profiles and C-reactive protein (CRP) changes in young and healthy men. Twenty untrained young and healthy men voluntarily participated in the study and were randomly assigned to the ERT (n=10) and control group (n=10). The ERT group performed three non-consecutive sessions per week for eight weeks. Blood was sampled before training and this was repeated after 72 h of the interval of the last session of ERT. The concentration of CRP and lipid profiles, including changes of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC), were measured. Also, changes in body fat percentage (BF%) were measured. It was observed that CRP was not significantly affected by ERT (P>0.05). Also, TC and TG did not change significantly due to ERT (P>0.05). However, ERT increased the HDL-C concentration (P=0.001) and significantly decreased LDL-C (P=0.033). It is concluded that although the elastic resistance training failed to improve CRP; however, with a positive impact on some of the lipid profiles and health indices, it can be a useful, simple and low-cost exercise training in health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Kalvandi
- Islamic Azad University Sanandaj Branch, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Pasdaran Blvd., Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - R. Azizbeigi
- Islamic Azad University Sanandaj Branch, Department of Basic Sciences, Pasdaran Blvd., Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - K. Azizbeigi
- Islamic Azad University Sanandaj Branch, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Pasdaran Blvd., Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
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20
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Tian X, Kidokoro T, Mwangi FM. Sociocultural Dimensions of Children's Physical Activity in Contemporary Pastoralist Maasai Society. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8337. [PMID: 34444099 PMCID: PMC8391585 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Children's physical activity (CPA) in low- and middle-income regions has received increasing attention, but research is still very limited. This study explores the CPA in contemporary pastoralist Maasai society in rural Kenya by considering its sociocultural dimensions. The physical activity of 25 children (15 girls and 10 boys) was documented with mixed methods, including an epidemiological assessment of the CPA and semi-structured interviews with the targeted children regarding their daily activities. These methods were integrated with the ethnographic data on children's socialization in the same area. Results showed a very high level of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) of these children with significant gender differences especially outside school. Children reported their continued social participation in local gender-age labor divisions outside of school. As their activities outside school strongly contributed to their empirical learning of local knowledge and skills, a high MVPA plays an active role in enhancing the children's ability to access and manage livestock and different natural resources. Findings from this study first show that the CPA is not merely physical, but also has significant sociocultural meanings in the process of in situ learning of local wisdom. We call more attention to children's social roles in future investigations of CPA among less examined populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Tian
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8574, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Kidokoro
- Faculty of Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo 158-8508, Japan;
| | - Francis Mundia Mwangi
- Department of Physical Education, Exercise & Sports Science, Kenyatta University, Nairobi 43844-0010, Kenya;
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21
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Martin-Niedecken AL, Schwarz T, Schättin A. Comparing the Impact of Heart Rate-Based In-Game Adaptations in an Exergame-Based Functional High-Intensity Interval Training on Training Intensity and Experience in Healthy Young Adults. Front Psychol 2021; 12:572877. [PMID: 34234705 PMCID: PMC8255375 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.572877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity remains one of the biggest societal challenges of the 21st century. The gaming industry and the fitness sector have responded to this alarming fact with game-based or gamified training scenarios and thus established the promising trend of exergaming. Exergames—games played with the (whole) body as physical input—have been extolled as potential attractive and effective training tools. Simultaneously, researchers and designers are still exploring new approaches to exploit the full potential of this innovative and enjoyable training method. One way to boost the attractiveness and effectiveness of an exergame is to individualize it with game adaptations. A physiological parameter that is often used to balance the physical challenge and intensity of exergames to the player’s fitness skills is the heart rate (HR). Therefore, researchers and designers often rely on age-based, maximum HR (HRmax) formulas originating from performance diagnostics. In combination with the player’s assessed real-time HR during an exergame session, the pre-determined HRmax is used to adapt the game’s challenge to reach a pre-defined HR and physical intensity level (in-exergame adaptations), respectively. Although the validity and reliability of these age-based HRmax formulas were proven in heterogeneous target populations, their use is still often criticized as HR is an individual parameter that is affected by various internal and external factors. So far, no study has investigated whether the formula-based pre-calculated HRmax compared to a standardized individually pre-assessed HRmax elicits different training intensities, training experiences, and flow feelings in an exergame. Therefore, we compared both variants for in-exergame adaptation with the ExerCube – a functional high-intensity interval training exergame – in healthy young adults. Comparing the results of the two conditions, no significant differences were found for HR parameters and perceived physical and cognitive exertion, nor for overall flow feelings and physical activity enjoyment. Thus, the formula-based in-exergame adaptation approach was suitable in the presented study population, and the ExerCube provided an equally reliable in-exergame adaptation and comparable exergame play experiences. We discuss our findings in the context of related work on exergame adaptation approaches and draw out some implications for future adaptive exergame design and research topics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiziana Schwarz
- Motor Control and Learning, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Schättin
- Motor Control and Learning, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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22
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Prospective randomized clinical trial of open operative, minimally invasive and conservative treatments of acute Achilles tendon tear. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2021; 141:751-760. [PMID: 32367375 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-020-03461-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The acute Achilles tendon rupture (AATR) is a common injury of great importance in an increasingly active society. When early functional treatment is established, recent literature shows comparable rates of re-rupture in conservative and surgical treatments of AATR. However, there is no study comparing the outcome using a dynamometer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of patients with AATR treated conservatively and surgically using a dynamometer. In addition, the data are compared to evaluation of the Achilles tendon with ultrasound. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between 2012 and 2015, 90 patients (mean age 41 years, male-to-female ratio 81:9) with AATR were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, and monocentric study. Thirty patients were assigned to each of the three different treatment groups. Group OPEN received a conventional open suture of the Achilles tendon, group MIN received a minimally invasive suture and patients in group CONS were treated conservatively. Follow-up treatment was the same for all patients regardless of the group they were assigned to. Plantar flexion force was assessed using a dynamometer (Biodex® System 3 Pro, Biodex Medical Systems). Further evaluation included a physical test and ultrasound of the Achilles tendon. RESULTS Sixty-nine patients were available for a 24-month follow-up. In each of the OPEN and MIN groups, there was one re-rupture. In the CONS group, there were two re-ruptures. A positive correlation between the Biodex® dynamometer measurement and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Score (AOFAS-AH) could be found in all groups. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences between the treatment groups after 2 years. On sonography, all patients showed isolated structure loosening and a significantly thickened cross-sectional area compared with the non-injured opposite side, without differences between the groups. There was no correlation between the Biodex® measurement and sonographic outcome. CONCLUSION At 24-month follow-up, no significant difference can be found in patients with AATR treated operatively or conservatively. It is, therefore, important to inform patients with AATR regarding the respective advantages and disadvantages of the individual treatment strategies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Randomized controlled trial; level 1.
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Alvarez-Alvarado S, Tenenbaum G. Cognitive-Perceptual-Affective-Motivational Dynamics During Incremental Workload Accounting for Exertion Tolerance. JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 43:178-190. [PMID: 33631719 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2020-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inquiry of the psychological states during the exercise experience failed to fully account for the role of motivation to adhere and the disposition of exertion tolerance (ET). The current study expands the scope of the integrated cognitive-perceptual-affective framework by measuring the motivation to sustain effort in two physical tasks and accounting for ET. Thirty male participants performed cycling and isometric handgrip tasks to assess the progression of the rating of perceived exertion, attentional focus, affective responses, and motivation to adhere, along with an incremental workload. The ET was determined by a handgrip task time to voluntary exhaustion. The findings indicated significant time effects and linear trends for perceived exertion, attentional focus, affect, and perceived arousal but not motivation to adhere during the handgrip and cycling tasks. The ET played a key role in the integrity of the model, particularly in perceptual, attentional, and affective responses. The intended model serves to stimulate new research into adaptation mechanisms.
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Park S, Kwon J, Ahn C, Cho HS, Moon HY, Lee CG. The Role of Dopamine Receptor D2 in Bridging the Intention-Behavior Gap in Sport Participation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052379. [PMID: 33804403 PMCID: PMC7967739 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have identified that a behavior can occur through the strongest predictor intention, but there is a gap between intention and behavior. Dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) is known to account for a variance in sporting behaviors in human and animal subjects. However, the relationship between DRD2 and sport participation has been poorly studied, and the limited available reports are inconsistent. The present study was performed to examine the impact of DRD2 on sport participation among Korean university students based on the integrated behavioral model (IBM). Data were collected from enrolled university students in Seoul (N = 45). Participants answered survey questions first, and then they gave investigators their hair to provide DNA information (i.e., the A1 allele of DRD2). DRD2 had a significant effect on sport participation, but only in male students. Male students who carried the A1 allele of DRD2 significantly participated in 105.10 min more sporting activities than male students who did not. Moreover, the effect of intention on sport participation was significantly decreased when considering DRD2. Despite the small sample size, the results of this study could be a preliminary case for a larger study and indicate the direction of future research. Our results suggest that DRD2 may have played an important role as the “actual skill” shown in the IBM.
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Mikalsen HK, Bentzen M, Säfvenbom R, Lagestad PA. Trajectories of Physical Activity Among Adolescents in the Transition From Primary to Secondary School. Front Sports Act Living 2020; 2:85. [PMID: 33345076 PMCID: PMC7739646 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2020.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on physical activity (PA) behavior reveals an overall decrease worldwide from early childhood and throughout adulthood. The ability to illuminate which factors promote activity for whom and in which phase of life, therefore, becomes a key concept in extending our understanding of individuals' physical activity trajectories. Accordingly, this study investigates latent trajectories of objectively measured PA in adolescents (n = 306) over 3 years from ages 13 to 15. Further, it was tested whether eagerness for physical activity, perceived athletic competence, and parental support were associated with the different trajectories of PA. Latent class growth analysis revealed two PA trajectories (trajectory 1: "decrease from very high" and trajectory 2: "steeper decrease from high"). Trajectory 1 had a higher PA level at baseline and less PA decline than trajectory 2. Trajectory 1, "decrease from very high," was associated with higher levels of eagerness for physical activity and perception of competence at all three time points. Furthermore, the effect size of differences between trajectory 1, "decrease from very high," and trajectory 2, "steeper decrease from high," increased from baseline (age 13, seventh grade) to posttest (age 15, ninth grade). This finding indicates a stronger experience of PA as enjoyable, personally relevant, and self-confirming behavior (i.e., "I regard myself as a person who exercises") within the most active adolescents and even stronger as they get older. Consistent with previous research, the PA level declined from seventh to ninth grade. Being more eager for PA and perceiving oneself more as athletically competent is related to higher levels of PA. This highlights the importance of optimizing environmental factors that increase adolescents' experience of eagerness for physical activity and physical athletic competence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marte Bentzen
- Department of Teacher Educations and Outdoor Studies, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Reidar Säfvenbom
- Department of Teacher Educations and Outdoor Studies, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aril Lagestad
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Nord University, Levanger, Norway
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Brinsley J, Girard D, Smout M, Davison K. Is yoga considered exercise within systematic reviews of exercise interventions? A scoping review. Complement Ther Med 2020; 56:102618. [PMID: 33189861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Yoga is an increasingly popular choice of exercise for the Western population, with people engaging in yoga for a range of physical and mental health and well-being reasons. The aim of this scoping review is to examine whether yoga is considered an exercise modality within relevant leading journals, as evidenced by its consideration in systematic reviews (SRs) of exercise interventions for health-related outcomes. METHODS Design: Scoping review. DATA SOURCES Three leading sources (Sports Medicine, British Journal of Sports Medicine and Cochrane Collaboration) were searched. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: The ten most recently published systematic reviews of exercise interventions for health-related outcomes from each journal were included (N = 30) that met these criteria: systematic review studying humans participating in general exercise and measuring a health-related outcome. Exercise interventions with any specific qualifying terms (e.g. aquatic, strength, aerobic) were excluded. RESULTS The articles retrieved were published between 2007 and 2019, and collectively included 991 interventions. Seven reviews explicitly stated that yoga was to be included/excluded while twenty-three studies made no mention of how yoga was being considered in the methodology. Five studies included yoga in the search strategy, implying its inclusion. Post-hoc analyses found that the definitions of exercise in general were also variable. Exercise definition specificity was not associated with whether or not yoga was assessed for inclusion. CONCLUSIONS Systematic reviews of exercise and physical activity interventions for health-related outcomes do not consistently make clear whether or not they include or exclude yoga as a form of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinta Brinsley
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Danielle Girard
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Matthew Smout
- Justice and Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kade Davison
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Allied Health and Human Performance, Adelaide, Australia
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Ma C, Zhou L, Xu W, Ma S, Wang Y. Associations of physical activity and screen time with suboptimal health status and sleep quality among Chinese college freshmen: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239429. [PMID: 32946516 PMCID: PMC7500622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the associations of physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) with physiological, psychological, and social health-particularly regarding effects on sleep quality-among Chinese college freshmen. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at Renmin University of China, in Beijing. A total of 5,233 students were surveyed in September 2015. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire on their demographic characteristics, tobacco and alcohol use, PA, ST, sleep quality, and health status. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to examine the independent and interactive associations between PA and ST with sleep quality and suboptimal health status. In total, 10.43%, 13.18%, and 13.26% of the 5,233 students had physiological, psychological, and social suboptimal health status, respectively. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 37.94%. High ST and high PA were significantly associated with physiological suboptimal health status (aOR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.16-1.68, and aOR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.45-0.71), psychological suboptimal health status (aOR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.21-1.69, and aOR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.47-0.69), social suboptimal health status (aOR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.08-1.50, and aOR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.52-0.77), and poor sleep quality (aOR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.03-1.39, and aOR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.55-0.76). Additionally, low ST and high PA were interactively negatively associated with poor sleep quality (aOR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.45-0.70), physiological suboptimal health status (aOR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.40-0.59), psychological suboptimal health status (aOR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.39-0.58), and social suboptimal health status (aOR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.40-0.59). These findings suggested there are independent and interactive associations of low ST and high PA with poor sleep quality and suboptimal health status among Chinese college freshmen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjin Ma
- Center for Applied Statistics and School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Long Zhou
- Center for Applied Statistics and School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Wangli Xu
- Center for Applied Statistics and School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangge Ma
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Yu Wang
- Center for Applied Statistics and School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
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Menheere D, Janssen M, Funk M, van der Spek E, Lallemand C, Vos S. Runner's Perceptions of Reasons to Quit Running: Influence of Gender, Age and Running-Related Characteristics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176046. [PMID: 32825266 PMCID: PMC7503581 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Physical inactivity has become a major public health concern and, consequently, the awareness of striving for a healthy lifestyle has increased. As a result, the popularity of recreational sports, such as running, has increased. Running is known for its low threshold to start and its attractiveness for a heterogeneous group of people. Yet, one can still observe high drop-out rates among (novice) runners. To understand the reasons for drop-out as perceived by runners, we investigate potential reasons to quit running among short distance runners (5 km and 10 km) (n = 898). Data used in this study were drawn from the standardized online Eindhoven Running Survey 2016 (ERS16). Binary logistic regressions were used to investigate the relation between reasons to quit running and different variables like socio-demographic variables, running habits and attitudes, interests, and opinions (AIOs) on running. Our results indicate that, not only people of different gender and age show significant differences in perceived reasons to quit running, also running habits, (e.g., running context and frequency) and AIOs are related to perceived reasons to quit running too. With insights into these related variables, potential drop-out reasons could help health professionals in understanding and lowering drop-out rates among recreational runners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Menheere
- Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (M.J.); (M.F.); (E.v.d.S.); (C.L.); (S.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mark Janssen
- Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (M.J.); (M.F.); (E.v.d.S.); (C.L.); (S.V.)
- School of Sport Studies, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, 5644 HZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mathias Funk
- Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (M.J.); (M.F.); (E.v.d.S.); (C.L.); (S.V.)
| | - Erik van der Spek
- Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (M.J.); (M.F.); (E.v.d.S.); (C.L.); (S.V.)
| | - Carine Lallemand
- Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (M.J.); (M.F.); (E.v.d.S.); (C.L.); (S.V.)
- HCI Research Group, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, 4365 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Steven Vos
- Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (M.J.); (M.F.); (E.v.d.S.); (C.L.); (S.V.)
- School of Sport Studies, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, 5644 HZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Pippi R, Buratta L, Germani A, Fanelli CG, Mazzeschi C. Physical Activity Habits and Well-Being among 6-Year-Old Children: The "Improving Umbrian Kids' Healthy Lifestyle", an Uncontrolled Pilot Study Project. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6067. [PMID: 32825418 PMCID: PMC7503798 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that promoting physical activity programs and decreasing sedentary behavior is a potential strategy for improving health-outcomes, peer relationships and social/emotional well-being in at-risk youth. The World Health Organization recommends enhancing physical education and school-based programs with multi-component and evidence-based assessment methodology. In Umbria (Italy) an uncontrolled pilot study project referred to as "Improving Umbrian kids' healthy lifestyle" was implemented as a systemic school-based intervention directed at 6-year-old primary school children. The intervention applied a consolidated assessment methodology developed by the C.U.R.I.A.Mo. and Eurobis projects that inserted two hours per week of physical education activity into the school curriculum, structured and supervised by specialists with Exercise and Sport Science degrees, for eight months (from October to June) of the school year. We measured anthropometric values (BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio index) with objective tools. Moreover, we evaluated physical performance variables (speed, strength, and flexibility) using standard tests. Additionally, self-report measures (measured physical activity during the week, sedentary habits, and psychological well-being) were assessed using validated questionnaires. We observed a significant decrease in waist to height ratio, and improvements in physical performance values and self-report questionnaire measures. Our study suggests that the promotion of physical activity in the school setting is likely to result in physically, mentally, and psycho-socially healthier primary-school-age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Pippi
- Centro Universitario Ricerca Interdipartimentale Attività Motoria (C.U.R.I.A.MO.), Healthy Lifestyle Institute, University of Perugia, Via Giuseppe Bambagioni 19, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Livia Buratta
- Department of Philosophy, Social, Human and Educational Sciences, University of Perugia, Piazza G. Ermini 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (L.B.); (A.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Alessandro Germani
- Department of Philosophy, Social, Human and Educational Sciences, University of Perugia, Piazza G. Ermini 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (L.B.); (A.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Carmine Giuseppe Fanelli
- Centro Universitario Ricerca Interdipartimentale Attività Motoria (C.U.R.I.A.MO.), Healthy Lifestyle Institute, University of Perugia, Via Giuseppe Bambagioni 19, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Claudia Mazzeschi
- Department of Philosophy, Social, Human and Educational Sciences, University of Perugia, Piazza G. Ermini 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (L.B.); (A.G.); (C.M.)
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Park JW, Hwang J, Lee CG, Ahn H, Kim H. The Impact of Parental Incarceration on Sport Participation Trajectories from Adolescence to Young Adulthood. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17145229. [PMID: 32698398 PMCID: PMC7400655 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Given the potential negative effects of parental incarceration on millions of people, it is critical to examine the possible short- and long-term effects of parental incarceration on individuals. This study examines the effect of parental incarceration on the sports participation trajectories of children ranging from adolescence to young adulthood. Group-based trajectory models were set up using SAS analytics software to examine how parental incarceration affects the sports participation trajectories of children from adolescence to young adulthood. Data were drawn from the first four waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health in the United States (N = 6504). Neither paternal nor maternal incarceration had any significant effect on the trajectories of male participants. On the other hand, females who experienced father incarceration were more likely to be in the low-stable versus high-decreasing group (coefficient = -0.721, p < 0.05). Based on the results of this study, we conclude that programs promoting sports participation are needed for females who have experienced paternal incarceration. The results of this study also suggest that group-based trajectory modeling is a useful technique to examine the trajectories of sports participation from adolescence through to young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Won Park
- Department of Taekwondo, College of Physical Education and Science, Woo-Suk University Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55338, Korea;
| | - Jongnam Hwang
- Division of Social Welfare & Health Administration, College of Social Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea;
| | - Chung Gun Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (C.G.L.); (H.A.)
| | - Hyoyeon Ahn
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (C.G.L.); (H.A.)
| | - Hanbeom Kim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (C.G.L.); (H.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-10-4484-0365
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Chung PK, Zhong T, Liu JD, Zhang CQ, Wong MYC. Development and initial validation of the Psychological Need Frustration Scale for Physical Activity. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9210. [PMID: 32537263 PMCID: PMC7265887 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The frustration of basic psychological needs can be detrimental to people’s health. To date, a scale developed specifically for measuring such perceived negative experiences, derived from a need thwarting environment in the physical activity context, is lacking. The present research attempted to develop and validate the Psychological Need Frustration Scale for Physical Activity (PNFS-PA) grounded in self-determination theory via multiple studies. Method In Study 1, an item pool was created, and its face and content validity were established. In Study 2, the factor structure of the scale was demonstrated using exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM). In Study 3, its factor structure was cross-validated. Also, the nomological validity, reliability and measurement invariance of the scale were established. Result Taken together, the research suggests the newly developed PNFS-PA is valid and reliable and can be applied to assess psychological needs frustration experiences in the physical activity context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pak-Kwong Chung
- Department of Sport and Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Zhong
- College of Sport and Health, Henan Normal University, Henan, China
| | - Jing-Dong Liu
- Department of Physical Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhang
- Department of Sport and Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming Yu Claudia Wong
- Department of Sport and Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
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de Freitas GB, Lourenco MV, De Felice FG. Protective actions of exercise-related FNDC5/Irisin in memory and Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 2020; 155:602-611. [PMID: 32396989 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The proportion of elderly populations is rapidly booming, and human lifespan has considerably increased in the past century because of scientific and medical advances. However, the winds of change brought by the 21st century made sedentarism one of the factors that renders the brain vulnerable to age-related chronic diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Conversely, physical exercise has been shown to stimulate molecular mechanisms beneficial to cognition. Here, we review evidence showing the positive effects of physical exercise in the brain. We further discuss recent evidence that irisin, a myokine stimulated by physical exercise derived from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) transmembrane protein, has neuroprotective actions in the brain. Lastly, we highlight the importance of the crosstalk between the periphery and the brain in cognition and the therapeutic potential of FNDC5/irisin in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme B de Freitas
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies & Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mychael V Lourenco
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda G De Felice
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies & Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ding D, Ramirez Varela A, Bauman AE, Ekelund U, Lee IM, Heath G, Katzmarzyk PT, Reis R, Pratt M. Towards better evidence-informed global action: lessons learnt from the Lancet series and recent developments in physical activity and public health. Br J Sports Med 2020; 54:462-468. [PMID: 31562122 PMCID: PMC7146932 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2019-101001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In the past few decades, the field of physical activity has grown and evolved in scope, depth, visibility and impact around the world. Global progress has been observed in research and practice in physical activity regarding surveillance, health outcomes, correlates/determinants, interventions, translation and policy. The 2012 and 2016 Lancet series on physical activity provide some of the most comprehensive global analysis on various topics within physical activity. Based on the Lancet series and other key developments in the field, literature searches, and expert group meetings and consultation, we provide a global summary on the progress of, gaps in and future directions for physical activity research in the following areas: (1) surveillance and trends, (2) correlates and determinants, (3) health outcomes and (4) interventions, programmes and policies. Besides lessons learnt within each specific area, several recommendations are shared across areas of research, including improvement in measurement, applying a global perspective with a growing emphasis on low-income and middle-income countries, improving inclusiveness and equity in research, making translation an integral part of research for real-world impact, taking an 'upstream' public health approach, and working across disciplines and sectors to co-design research and co-create solutions. We have summarised lessons learnt and recommendations for future research as 'roadmaps' in progress to encourage moving the field of physical activity towards achieving population-level impact globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Adrian E Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - I-Min Lee
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gregory Heath
- The Department of Health & Human Performance, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Rodrigo Reis
- Research Group in Physical Actvity and Quality of Life (GPAQ), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná,Curitiba, Curitiba, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Urban Management (PPGTU), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Michael Pratt
- Institute for Public Health, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Lee CG, Moon H, Park S. The effects of dopamine receptor genes on the trajectories of sport participation from adolescence through young adulthood. Ann Hum Biol 2020; 47:256-262. [PMID: 32183536 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2020.1736629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Although previous studies suggest that dopamine receptor genes partially affect physical activity-related behaviours, all of these studies were cross-sectional studies that examined the effects of dopamine receptor genes on physical activity-related behaviours at some point in time. Therefore, the nature and extent of this relationship across the lifespan are even more uncertain.Aim: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of dopamine receptor genes (i.e. DRD2, DRD4 and DRD5) on sport participation trajectories from adolescence to young adulthood.Subjects and methods: This study used the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health data (wave 1-4). Group-based trajectory modelling was used to investigate the effect of dopamine receptor genes on the probability of being in each sport participation trajectory group.Results: A three-group model was the best fitting model for men whereas a two-group model was the best fitting model for women. The more participants possess the A1 allele of the DRD2, the less likely they are to be in the "high-decreasing group" rather than the "low-stable group" in both men and women. In male participants, the more participants carry the A1 allele of the DRD2, the more likely they are to be in the "high-stable group" rather than the "high-decreasing group" (coefficient = 0.206, p<.05).Conclusions: These results can contribute to the literature by providing important information on the effects of dopamine receptor genes on sport participation trajectories from adolescence through young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Gun Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyoyoul Moon
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seiyeong Park
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Ohlendorf D, Gerez A, Porsch L, Holzgreve F, Maltry L, Ackermann H, Groneberg DA. Standard reference values of the upper body posture in healthy male adults aged between 41 and 50 years in Germany. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3823. [PMID: 32123228 PMCID: PMC7052190 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60813-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Classifications of posture deviations are possible when they can be compared to the standard values for healthy persons. Standard values for healthy male adults aged between 41 and 50 years are currently missing. METHODS 100 healthy volunteers (41-50 years old; 45.37 ± 3.06 years) were included in the study. Their body weight ranged from 68 to 132 kg (88.76 ± 15.93 kg), their heights from 1.64 to 2.0 m (1.81 ± 0.07 m) and the Body Mass Index (BMI) ranged from 19.0 kg/m² to 37.7 kg/m² (26.2 ± 3.96 kg/m²). A three-dimensional back scan was performed to quantify the upper back posture during habitual standing. The upper and lower limit for 95% of the tolerance regions and the left and right limit of the confidence interval were calculated. RESULTS The upper body posture of the subjects was close to the symmetry, or 0°, axis. There was a moderate ventral upper body inclination with a slight left lateral axial deviation and rotation of the spine to the right. An enhanced kyphotic posture was observed in the sagittal plane in the area of the thoracic spine. The shoulder and pelvis areas were almost balanced. CONCLUSION Healthy males between 41 and 50 years were found to have an almost balanced posture with minimal ventral body inclination and a marginal scoliotic deviation. These values allow a comparison with other studies for control and patient data and may serve as basis in both clinical practice and scientific studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ohlendorf
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Ali Gerez
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Laurin Porsch
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Fabian Holzgreve
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Laura Maltry
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Hanns Ackermann
- Institute of Biostatistics and Mathematical Modeling, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 11A, 60596, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - David A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Beghin L, Vanhelst J, Drumez E, Migueles J, Manios Y, Moreno LA, De Henauw S, Gottrand F. Influence of meteorological conditions on physical activity in adolescents. J Epidemiol Community Health 2020; 74:395-400. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2019-212459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundIt has been shown that meteorological conditions and season affect physical activity (PA) during adolescence. Today, meteorological conditions have never been combined to study their influence on PA level in a single sample of a large adolescent multicountries population. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of meteorological conditions on PA in adolescents from several European countries.MethodsThe study included 2024 healthy adolescents aged 12.5–17.4 years who participated in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence cross-sectional study. Participants wore a uniaxial accelerometer for 7 consecutive days to measure total PA and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in a one-off measurement manner. Comparison of PA according to meteorological conditions was done using linear mixed models.ResultsThe highest difference of MVPA was observed in boys on free days when comparing the best meteorological conditions versus the worse (ie, +39% with highest temperature, +29% without rainfall, +39% with highest sunlight duration and +21% with highest length of day) and in girls on free days (ie, +26% with highest sunlight duration). This increase in MVPA contributed to a simultaneous increase in total PA when considering the same meteorological condition parameters.ConclusionsMeteorological conditions act as a determinant of PA differentially between boys and girls. PA and MVPA in boys are mainly modified by meteorological conditions on free days whereas PA and MVPA in girls are modified by sunlight duration.
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Jiang L, Cao Y, Ni S, Chen X, Shen M, Lv H, Hu J. Association of Sedentary Behavior With Anxiety, Depression, and Suicide Ideation in College Students. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:566098. [PMID: 33424653 PMCID: PMC7793895 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.566098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the association of sedentary behavior with anxiety, depression, and suicide ideation in multi-centered college students in China. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of the first-year college student population. The students underwent a questionnaire survey inquiring about sedentary behavior (hours per day) and physical activity (minutes per week) during the past year. Anxiety, depression, and sleep quality were measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-2), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Mixed models were used to estimate the associations, and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were presented as the effect size. Mediation effect analysis was conducted to test the mediation effect of PSQI. Results: A total of 28,298 participants (response rate: 82%) completed the survey and were included in the final analyses. Crude and adjusted estimates consistently showed that both sedentary behavior and physical activity were significantly associated with mental illnesses. Sedentary behavior was positively associated with anxiety, depression, and suicidal behavior in a dose-response manner (AOR: 0.54-0.24; ≥7 h/day as reference), independent from the effect of physical activity (AOR: 0.78-0.41; no physical activity as reference). The association of sedentary behavior with mental health was partly mediated by sleep quality (25-71%). Conclusions: There is an independent dose-response association of sedentary behavior with mental well-being among college students in China, and this association may be partially attributable to impaired sleep quality. Attention should be drawn and actions should be taken by college educators and mental health providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Shuangfei Ni
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Minxue Shen
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongbin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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Hamrin Senorski E, Svedman S, Svantesson E, Danielsson A, Krupic F, Ackermann P, Westin O. Understanding limitations in sport 1 year after an Achilles tendon rupture: a multicentre analysis of 285 patients. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020; 28:233-244. [PMID: 31250056 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-019-05586-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine patient-related and treatment-related predictors of superior and inferior function in sport and recreational activities 1 year after an Achilles tendon rupture. METHODS This study is based on a multicentre cohort from 4 previous randomised controlled trials. All the patients who had responded to the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) at the 1-year follow-up were included. All the patients had a clinically verified Achilles tendon rupture and patients who underwent surgery were treated within 96 h of the time of rupture. Patients were excluded in the event of a previous Achilles tendon rupture or the presence of other lifestyle diseases. The primary outcomes of the study were reported in the 20th and 80th percentiles of the FAOS subscale, function in sports and recreational activities. RESULTS A total of 285 (84% men) patients with an average age of 40.0 (SD 8.4) years were included. Smoking increased the odds of superior self-reported FAOS sport and recreation [OR 4.59 (95% CI 1.58-13.32), p = 0.005] compared with non-smoking, while being female [OR 0.38 (95% CI 0.16-0.93), p = 0.035] and every increment of one unit in BMI [OR 0.89 (95% CI 0.81-0.99), p = 0.029] reduced the odds. No variable was statistically significant when attempting to predict which patients report inferior FAOS sport and recreation. The recovery of symmetry in heel-rise tests had no effect on 1-year FAOS sport and recreation. Patient-reported outcomes had a good-to-excellent explanatory capacity of superior and inferior 1-year function in sport and recreational activities (AUC = 0.87-0.93). CONCLUSION BMI is a modifiable risk factor, which, when lowered, may be associated with less impairment in sports 1 year after an Achilles tendon rupture. Females appear to perceive more limitations than males. Unexpectedly, smokers experience less limitations in foot and ankle function. Patients who report no functional limitation in sport are characterised by an overall perception of adequate foot, ankle and Achilles function, despite not having recovered symmetry in the heel-rise test. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Hamrin Senorski
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Simon Svedman
- Integrative Orthopedic Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eleonor Svantesson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Adam Danielsson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ferid Krupic
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Paul Ackermann
- Integrative Orthopedic Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olof Westin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
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Portela-Pino I, López-Castedo A, Martínez-Patiño MJ, Valverde-Esteve T, Domínguez-Alonso J. Gender Differences in Motivation and Barriers for The Practice of Physical Exercise in Adolescence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:ijerph17010168. [PMID: 31881707 PMCID: PMC6981955 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A total of 852 adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age were evaluated (M = 14.86, SD = 1.67), randomly selected among a population of secondary school and Baccalaureate students. We applied an “ad hoc” questionnaire on sociodemographic data and the Self-Report of Reasons for the Practice of Physical Exercise (AMPEF) and Self-Report of Barriers to the Practice of Physical Exercise (ABPEF) questionnaires. The results obtained show a prevalence of competition, social recognition, and challenge as motivational factors, and fatigue or laziness as barriers to physical exercise among adolescents. With respect to gender, boys show a greater presence of motivations towards doing physical exercise, while girls show more barriers. In conclusion, the motivational factors and barriers interact and support each other for a better predisposition towards physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iago Portela-Pino
- Department of Physical Education, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (I.P.-P.); (M.J.M.-P.)
| | - Antonio López-Castedo
- Department of Analysis and Psicoeducative Intervention, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (A.L.-C.); (J.D.-A.)
| | | | - Teresa Valverde-Esteve
- Department of Didactics of Music, Visual and Body Expression, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - José Domínguez-Alonso
- Department of Analysis and Psicoeducative Intervention, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (A.L.-C.); (J.D.-A.)
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Sam-Kit Tin T, Daniel Weng CH, Vigário PDS, Ferreira ADS. Effects of A Short-term Cardio Tai Chi Program on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Hemodynamic Parameters in Sedentary Adults: A Pilot Study. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2019; 13:12-18. [PMID: 31863925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the effects of a short-term Cardio Tai Chi program on the cardiorespiratory fitness and hemodynamic parameters in sedentary adults. Thirty-one sedentary participants (age: 58 ± 9 years, body mass: 63 ± 12 kg) were subjected to an exercise program during 10 sessions over a 10-day period within 2 weeks. The Cardio Tai Chi program consisted in a series of three to five intervals lasting 90 s each at ∼70% maximal heart rate separated by 2-min of low-intensity recovery. Primary outcome measures were cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen uptake, V˙O2peak) assessed by the Rockport walking test and resting hemodynamic parameters (systolic, diastolic, mean, and pulse pressures). We observed a significant difference of means on post-pre V˙O2peak [4.5 ml/kg/min, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.1 to 5.8, p = 0.004], systolic blood pressure (-5.5 mmHg, 95% CI:-7.3 to -3.8, p = 0.010) and pulse pressure (-3.7 mmHg, 95% CI: -5.2 to -2.3, p = 0.028). No significant differences were observed for diastolic pressure (-1.8 mmHg, 95% CI: -2.6 to -1.0, p = 0.226), mean blood pressure (2.5 mmHg, 95% CI: 1.4 to 3.6, p = 0.302), or resting heart rate (-0.9 beat/min, 95% CI: -2.0 to 0.1, p = 0.631). Our findings suggest that engaging in a short-term Cardio Tai Chi program can improve cardiorespiratory fitness and hemodynamic parameters in sedentary adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chi-Hsiu Daniel Weng
- University of East-West Medicine, Sunnyvale, CA, 94085, USA; Department of Kinesiology, San Jose State University, CA, 95112, USA
| | - Patricia Dos Santos Vigário
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Augusto Motta University Center, Praça das Nações 34, Bonsucesso, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-010, Brazil
| | - Arthur de Sá Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Augusto Motta University Center, Praça das Nações 34, Bonsucesso, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-010, Brazil; Salgado de Oliveira University, Rua Marechal Deodoro 263, Centro, Niterói, RJ, 24030-060, Brazil.
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Abstract
Physical activity and exercise is widely connected with positive effects on human health. However, exercise may also pose as a risk factor for health under specific circumstances. Primarily, the risks connected with exercise are physical risks, but also psychological risks may appear, especially when exercise is conducted excessively. Psychological risks include eating disorders, illegal and legal substance use and exercise dependence. The aims of the present article are to focus on potential risks and side effects of exercise and physical activity and to put the risks in the context of the positive effects of exercise on health.
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Kim SH, Kim JW, Park JJ, Shin MJ, Choi M. Predicting Energy Expenditure During Gradient Walking With a Foot Monitoring Device: Model-Based Approach. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e12335. [PMID: 31647467 PMCID: PMC6913720 DOI: 10.2196/12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many recent commercial devices aim at providing a practical way to measure energy expenditure. However, those devices are limited in accuracy. Objective This study aimed to build a model of energy consumption during walking applicable to a range of sloped surfaces, used in conjunction with a simple, wearable device. Methods We constructed a model of energy consumption during gradient walking by using arguments based in mechanics. We built a foot monitoring system that used pressure sensors on the foot insoles. We did experiments in which participants walked on a treadmill wearing the foot monitoring system, and indirect calorimetry was used for validation. We found the parameters of the model by fitting to the data. Results When walking at 1.5 m/s, we found that the model predicted a calorie consumption rate of 5.54 kcal/min for a woman with average height and weight and 6.89 kcal/min for an average man. With the obtained parameters, the model predicted the data with a root-mean-square deviation of 0.96 kcal/min and median percent error of 12.4%. Conclusions Our model was found to be an accurate predictor of energy consumption when walking on a range of slopes. The model uses few variables; thus, it can be used in conjunction with a convenient wearable device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Ho Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Center for Theoretical Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Kim
- Department of Healthcare Information Technology, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Jun Park
- Division of Sport Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Jun Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - MooYoung Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Center for Theoretical Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Drenowatz C, Greier K, Ruedl G, Kopp M. Association between Club Sports Participation and Physical Fitness across 6- to 14-Year-Old Austrian Youth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16183392. [PMID: 31547480 PMCID: PMC6766075 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Changes in social and built environments most likely contribute to a decline in physical activity (PA) and physical fitness in children and adolescents. Organized sports may be an important component in ensuring adequate fitness, which is an important aspect in general health and well-being. The present study examines differences by club sports participation in cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, power, speed, agility, flexibility and balance in 3293 (55.1% male) Austrian children and adolescents between 6 and 14 years of age. Anthropometric measurements (height and weight) were taken and participants completed the German motor test during regular class time. Even though there was no significant difference in body weight between club sports participants and non-club sports participants, club sports participation was associated with higher physical fitness, particularly regarding endurance, strength, power, and agility. Differences by club sports participation, however, declined during the elementary school years (6-10 years of age), while they became more pronounced during middle school years (10-14 years of age). Club sports participation, therefore, may be a viable option in the promotion of physical fitness, particularly during adolescence. At younger ages, other sources of PA, such as physical education and free play, however, should be considered to ensure sufficient fitness levels that contribute to a healthy and active lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Drenowatz
- Division of Physical Education, University of Education Upper Austria, 4020 Linz, Austria.
| | - Klaus Greier
- Division of Physical Education, Private University of Education (KPH-ES), 6422 Stams, Austria.
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Gerhard Ruedl
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Martin Kopp
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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The International Impact of the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance Physical Activity Report Cards for Children and Youth. J Phys Act Health 2019; 16:679-697. [PMID: 31412317 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In response to growing concerns over high levels of physical inactivity among young people, the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance developed a series of national Report Cards on physical activity for children and youth to advocate for the promotion of physical activity. This article provides updated evidence of the impact of the Report Cards on powering the movement to get children and youth moving globally. METHODS This assessment was performed using quantitative and qualitative sources of information, including surveys, peer-reviewed publications, e-mails, gray literature, and other sources. RESULTS Although it is still too early to observe a positive change in physical activity levels among children and youth, an impact on raising awareness and capacity building in the national and international scientific community, disseminating information to the general population and stakeholders, and on powering the movement to get kids moving has been observed. CONCLUSIONS It is hoped that the Report Card activities will initiate a measurable shift in the physical activity levels of children and contribute to achieving the 4 strategic objectives of the World Health Organization Global Action Plan as follows: creating an active society, creating active environments, creating active lives, and creating active systems.
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Batista MB, Romanzini CLP, Barbosa CCL, Blasquez Shigaki G, Romanzini M, Ronque ERV. Participation in sports in childhood and adolescence and physical activity in adulthood: A systematic review. J Sports Sci 2019; 37:2253-2262. [PMID: 31179841 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1627696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to verify the association between participation in sports (PS) in childhood and adolescence and physical activity (PA) in adulthood. A systematic search was conducted in the following databases: Medline (PUBMED), Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus, LILACS and SciELO. All steps of the process followed the recommendations of the PRISMA FlowDiagram. After all the steps of the process, 29 articles were included for analysis. In general, only three of the studies analyzed found no relation between PS in childhood and adolescence and PA in adulthood. However, a positive relationship was found to be weak in only 7% of the studies, a moderate relation in 62% of the studies, and a strong relation in 21%. It was found that higher weekly frequencies of PS; persistence of at least three years of PS and, finally, the highest level of practice and/or competition reached were related to higher levels of PA in adulthood. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a positive association considered moderate to strong between PS in childhood and adolescence and PA in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gabriela Blasquez Shigaki
- d Department of Physical Education, Rio Preto University Center and Paulista University , São José do Rio Preto , Brazil
| | - Marcelo Romanzini
- b Physical Activity and Health Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Londrina State University , Londrina , Brazil
| | - Enio Ricardo Vaz Ronque
- b Physical Activity and Health Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Londrina State University , Londrina , Brazil
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Lau EY, Riazi NA, Qian W, Leatherdale ST, Faulkner G. Protective or risky? The longitudinal association of team sports participation and health-related behaviours in Canadian adolescent girls. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2019; 110:616-625. [PMID: 31140144 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-019-00221-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Female sport participation is a prioritized action area in the 2018 Canadian federal budget for improving health and well-being. This study examined team sport participation prevalence and longitudinal associations with health-related behaviours among Canadian adolescent girls. METHODS We analyzed data from the COMPASS study. Participants included 1978 female secondary-school students who self-reported the following information at all measurement time-points (grades 9, 10, 11, and 12): socio-demographic, team sport participation status (consistent, intermittent and non-participator), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), dietary behaviours, smoking, cannabis use and binge drinking. Linear mixed models and generalized estimating equation models were used to examine team sport participation status in association with changes in health-related behaviours across grades. RESULTS The prevalence of team sport participation declined by an average of 38.4% between grades 9 and 12. Proportions of participants being categorized as consistent, intermittent and non-participators were 25.7%, 36.4% and 37.9%, respectively. Compared to non-participators, consistent participators reported significantly greater decline in MVPA (β = - 2.77, 95% CI - 5.36, - 0.18), and the increase in odds of becoming more frequent cannabis users (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.00, 1.26) and binge drinkers (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.04, 1.23) was significantly greater. Girls' team sport participation had no significant longitudinal association with dietary behaviours and smoking status. CONCLUSION Team sport participation outside of school settings is risky for prospective health-related behaviours in adolescent girls. Our findings highlight the need for investing in tailored participation initiatives that also consider how to prevent harmful substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Y Lau
- Active Aging Research Team, Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, 796 - 2635 Laurel St., Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada. .,Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Negin A Riazi
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wei Qian
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Report Card Grades on the Physical Activity of Children and Youth Comparing 30 Very High Human Development Index Countries. J Phys Act Health 2019; 15:S298-S314. [PMID: 30475144 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2018-0431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To better understand the childhood physical inactivity crisis, Report Cards on physical activity of children and youth were prepared concurrently in 30 very high Human Development Index countries. The aim of this article was to present, describe, and compare the findings from these Report Cards. METHODS The Report Cards were developed using a harmonized process for data gathering, assessing, and assigning grades to 10 common physical activity indicators. Descriptive statistics were calculated after converting letter grades to interval variables, and correlational analyses between the 10 common indicators were performed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. RESULTS A matrix of 300 grades was obtained with substantial variations within and between countries. Low grades were observed for behavioral indicators, and higher grades were observed for sources of influence indicators, indicating a disconnect between supports and desired behaviors. CONCLUSION This analysis summarizes the level and context of the physical activity of children and youth among very high Human Development Index countries, and provides additional evidence that the situation regarding physical activity in children and youth is very concerning. Unless a major shift to a more active lifestyle happens soon, a high rate of noncommunicable diseases can be anticipated when this generation of children reaches adulthood.
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Ghrouz AK, Noohu MM, Dilshad Manzar M, Warren Spence D, BaHammam AS, Pandi-Perumal SR. Physical activity and sleep quality in relation to mental health among college students. Sleep Breath 2019; 23:627-634. [PMID: 30685851 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-019-01780-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations and interactive effects of physical activity and sleep quality on mental health among Indian college students. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted among Indian college students. The sociodemographic data and body mass index were obtained from a convenience sample of 617 college students, age range from 18 to 30 years, including both genders (314 men, 51%). All participants completed three questionnaires: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Questionnaires were evaluated to ascertain the subjects' mental health level, physical activity level, and sleep quality. Analyses were conducted with binary logistic regression models. RESULT The mean (± S.D.) anxiety and depression scores were 9.3 ± 4.4 and 7.4 ± 2.5 respectively, with anxiety and depression scores ranging from 0 to 20 and 0-17, respectively. The prevalence of anxiety (30%) was more than that of depression (18%). Out of the total participants, 51% reported having low physical activity levels, and 51% had poor sleep quality. Odds ratio calculations indicated that the participants physical activity levels (moderate and high) were significantly and inversely associated with scores for anxiety (OR = 0.16 and 0.96; p = 0.001) and for depression (OR = 0.11 and 0.96; p = 0.001).The poor sleep quality was significantly positively associated with anxiety (OR = 1.38) and depression OR = 1.58 (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Mental health problems are common among both male and female college students. Significant associations were found between physical activity levels and sleep quality with mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer K Ghrouz
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Majumi Mohamad Noohu
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India.
| | - Md Dilshad Manzar
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed S BaHammam
- The University Sleep Disorders Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Box 225503, Riyadh, 11324, Saudi Arabia.,National Plan for Science and Technology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Béghin L, Vanhelst J, Drumez E, Migueles JH, Androutsos O, Widhalm K, Julian C, Moreno LA, De Henauw S, Gottrand F. Gender influences physical activity changes during adolescence: The HELENA study. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:2900-2905. [PMID: 30718097 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We compared differences in physical activity (PA) between pre/mid-pubertal and post-pubertal participants according to gender. METHODS The study included a total of 1842 healthy participants aged 12.5-17.4 years, who participated in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study. Participants wore a uniaxial accelerometer (ActiGraph© GT1M, Pensacola, FL, USA) attached to their lower back for seven consecutive days to measure PA. Pubertal status was assessed by physical examination and the population was classified as pre/mid-pubertal (Tanner stages 1-3) or post-pubertal (Tanner stages 4-5). PA was compared between these groups according to gender during the whole week, on school-free days and on school days, before and after school, and during lessons and recesses. RESULTS When comparing the pre/mid-pubertal group with the post-pubertal group, girls' total PA did not differ between groups. However, a slight difference was observed in boys, among whom PA on school-free days showed a difference of 17.6% between the pre/mid-pubertal group and the post-pubertal group (679 kcounts vs 564 kcounts, respectively; P = 0.0007) and 20% (162 kcount vs 135 kcounts; P = 0.006) for school recess. There was no difference among girls. CONCLUSIONS A reduced level of PA in the post-pubertal groups was only observed in boys during non-organized times such as on school-free days and during school recesses, with a moderate impact on total PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Béghin
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, LIRIC UMR 995 Inserm, Clinical Investigation Center, CIC-1403-Inserm-CHU, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - J Vanhelst
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, LIRIC UMR 995 Inserm, Clinical Investigation Center, CIC-1403-Inserm-CHU, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - E Drumez
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Department of Biostatistics, EA 2694 - Santé publique: épidémiologie et qualité des soins, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - J H Migueles
- PROFITH ''PROmoting FITness and Health through physical Activity'' Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Ctra. Alfacar s/n, 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - O Androutsos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - K Widhalm
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Vienna University, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Julian
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Zaragoza University, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Zaragoza University, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - S De Henauw
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - F Gottrand
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, LIRIC UMR 995 Inserm, Clinical Investigation Center, CIC-1403-Inserm-CHU, F-59000 Lille, France
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Whitley MA, Massey WV, Camiré M, Boutet M, Borbee A. Sport-based youth development interventions in the United States: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:89. [PMID: 30658607 PMCID: PMC6339434 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The growing number of sport-based youth development interventions provide a potential avenue for integrating sport meaningfully into the U.S. public health agenda. However, efficacy and quality must be reliably established prior to widespread implementation. Methods A comprehensive search of databases, peer-reviewed journals, published reviews, and both published and unpublished documents yielded 10,077 distinct records. Title and abstract screening, followed by full-text screening using 6 criteria, resulted in 56 distinct studies (coalescing into 10 sport-based youth development intervention types) included in the synthesis. These studies were then independently assessed and critically appraised. Results Limited efficacy data were identified, with the quality of methods and evidence largely classified as weak. Processes likely to contribute to the outcomes of sport-based youth development interventions were identified (e.g., predictors of ongoing engagement, alignment between target population and intervention, intervention design), although more rigorous research is needed on these and other processes. Physical health outcomes were only studied in 3 of the 10 intervention types. Conclusions The evidence base does not yet warrant wide-scale implementation of sport-based youth development interventions for public health goals within the U. S., although there is promising research that identifies areas for further exploration. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-6387-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith A Whitley
- Adelphi University, 1 South Avenue, Woodruff Hall, Room 172, Garden City, NY, 11530, USA.
| | - William V Massey
- Oregon State University, Milam Hall 118L, 2520 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Martin Camiré
- University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, Room 345, Otttawa, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Mish Boutet
- University of Ottawa, 65 University Private, Morisset Hall, 309D, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Amanda Borbee
- Adelphi University, 1 South Avenue, Woodruff Hall, Room 172, Garden City, NY, 11530, USA
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