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Ilieva MS. Non-Coding RNAs in Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Unraveling the Hidden Players in Disease Pathogenesis. Cells 2024; 13:1063. [PMID: 38920691 PMCID: PMC11201512 DOI: 10.3390/cells13121063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders pose substantial challenges to public health, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying their pathogenesis. In recent years, the focus has shifted toward the intricate world of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), a class of RNA molecules that do not encode proteins but play pivotal roles in gene regulation and cellular processes. This review explores the emerging significance of ncRNAs in the context of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, shedding light on their diverse functions and regulatory mechanisms. The dysregulation of various ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), has been implicated in the pathophysiology of conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and mood disorders. This review delves into the specific roles these ncRNAs play in modulating key cellular processes, including synaptic plasticity, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis, providing a nuanced understanding of their impact on disease progression. Furthermore, it discusses the potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications of targeting ncRNAs in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. The identification of specific ncRNA signatures holds promise for the development of novel biomarkers for early disease detection, while the manipulation of ncRNA expression offers innovative therapeutic avenues. Challenges and future directions in the field are also considered, highlighting the need for continued research to unravel the complexities of ncRNA-mediated regulatory networks in the context of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge and stimulate further exploration into the fascinating realm of ncRNAs in the brain's intricate landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirolyuba Simeonova Ilieva
- The Bartholin Institute, Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen N, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 3rd Floor, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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2
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Du Y, Feng Z, Gao M, Wang A, Yan X, Chen R, Liu B, Yu F, Ba Y, Zhou G. Impaired neurogenesis induced by fluoride via the Notch1 signaling and effects of carvacrol intervention. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124371. [PMID: 38880328 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The negative regulation on neurogenesis has been implicated in fluoride neurotoxicity, while the evidence is limited. To explore whether fluoride interferes with neurogenesis via the Notch1 signaling and the potential alleviation effects of carvacrol (CAR), we conducted in vivo and in vitro experiments, as well as epidemiological analyses in this study. The results showed that urinary fluoride levels and circulating Notch1 levels were associated with IQ levels in boys. NaF-treated rats had fewer neurons, lower densities of dendritic spines, depressed neurogenesis, and impaired learning and memory abilities. In vitro experiments using undifferentiated PC12 cells mimicking neurogenesis revealed that NaF suppressed differentiation and neurite outgrowth. Besides, Notch1 signaling activation was detected in vivo and in vitro. The latter was confirmed using an in vitro model supplemented with DAPT, a potent Notch1 inhibitor. Furthermore, CAR supplementation negatively regulated NICD1 and Hes1 expressions and promoted hippocampal neurogenesis, thereby improving neurological functions in NaF-treated rats. These findings indicated that the inhibition of neurogenesis in hippocampi induced by fluoride via Notch1 signaling activation may be one of the underlying mechanisms of its neurotoxicity, and that CAR significantly alleviated the neurotoxicity of NaF via the Notch1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Du
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Zichen Feng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Minghui Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475000, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Xi Yan
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Ruiqin Chen
- Jinshui District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Fangfang Yu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Yue Ba
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
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3
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Zhao Q. Thermodynamic model for memory. Biosystems 2024; 242:105247. [PMID: 38866100 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
A thermodynamic model for memory formation is proposed. Key points include: 1) Any thought or consciousness corresponds to a thermodynamic system of nerve cells. 2) The system concept of nerve cells can only be described by thermodynamics of condensed matter. 3) The memory structure is logically associated with the system structure or the normal structure of biology. 4) The development of our thoughts is processed irreversibly, and numerous states or thoughts can be generated. 5) Memory formation results from the reorganization and change of cellular structures (or memory structures), which are related to nerve cell skeleton and membrane. Their alteration can change the excitability of nerve cells and the pathway of neural impulse conduction. 6) Amnesia results from the loss of thermodynamic stability of the memory structure, which can be achieved by different ways. Some related phenomena and facts are discussed. The analysis shows that thermodynamics can account for the basic properties of memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyi Zhao
- Medical Institute, CRRC, Beijing, China.
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4
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Sun M, Zheng Q, Wang L, Wang R, Cui H, Zhang X, Xu C, Yin F, Yan H, Qiao X. Alcohol Consumption During Adolescence Alters the Cognitive Function in Adult Male Mice by Persistently Increasing Levels of DUSP6. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3161-3178. [PMID: 37978157 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03794-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Binge alcohol drinking during adolescence has long-term effects on the adult brain that alter brain structure and behaviors, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is involved in the synaptic plasticity and pathological brain injury by regulating the expression of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) is a critical effector that dephosphorylates ERK1/2 to control the basal tone, amplitude, and duration of ERK signaling. To explore DUSP6 as a regulator of ERK signaling in the mPFC and its impact on long-term effects of alcohol, a male mouse model of adolescent intermittent alcohol (AIA) exposure was established. Behavioral experiments showed that AIA did not affect anxiety-like behavior or sociability in adulthood, but significantly damaged new object recognition and social recognition memory. Molecular studies further found that AIA reduced the levels of pERK-pCREB-BDNF-PSD95/NR2A involved in synaptic plasticity, while DUSP6 was significantly increased. Intra-mPFC infusion of AAV-DUSP6-shRNA restored the dendritic spine density and postsynaptic density thickness by reversing the level of p-ERK and its downstream molecular expression, and ultimately repaired adult cognitive impairment caused by chronic alcohol exposure during adolescence. These findings indicate that AIA exposure inhibits ERK-CREB-BDNF-PSD95/NR2A by increasing DUSP6 in the mPFC in adulthood that may be associated with long-lasting cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizhu Sun
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Qingmeng Zheng
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Runzhi Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Hengzhen Cui
- Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xinlei Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Fangyuan Yin
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongtao Yan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xiaomeng Qiao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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Kelly-Castro EC, Shear R, Dindigal AH, Bhagwat M, Zhang H. MARK1 regulates dendritic spine morphogenesis and cognitive functions in vivo. Exp Neurol 2024; 376:114752. [PMID: 38484863 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Dendritic spines play a pivotal role in synaptic communication and are crucial for learning and memory processes. Abnormalities in spine morphology and plasticity are observed in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, yet the underlying signaling mechanisms remain poorly understood. The microtubule affinity regulating kinase 1 (MARK1) has been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders, and the MARK1 gene shows accelerated evolution in the human lineage suggesting a role in cognition. However, the in vivo role of MARK1 in synaptogenesis and cognitive functions remains unknown. Here we show that forebrain-specific conditional knockout (cKO) of Mark1 in mice causes defects in dendritic spine morphogenesis in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons with a significant reduction in spine density. In addition, we found loss of MARK1 causes synaptic accumulation of GKAP and GluA2. Furthermore, we found that MARK1 cKO mice show defects in spatial learning in the Morris water maze and reduced anxiety-like behaviors in the elevated plus maze. Taken together, our data show a novel role for MARK1 in regulating dendritic spine morphogenesis and cognitive functions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C Kelly-Castro
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, USA
| | - Rebecca Shear
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, USA
| | - Ankitha H Dindigal
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, USA
| | - Maitreyee Bhagwat
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, USA
| | - Huaye Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, USA.
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6
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Cauzzo S, Bruno E, Boulet D, Nazac P, Basile M, Callara AL, Tozzi F, Ahluwalia A, Magliaro C, Danglot L, Vanello N. A modular framework for multi-scale tissue imaging and neuronal segmentation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4102. [PMID: 38778027 PMCID: PMC11111705 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48146-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of robust tools for segmenting cellular and sub-cellular neuronal structures lags behind the massive production of high-resolution 3D images of neurons in brain tissue. The challenges are principally related to high neuronal density and low signal-to-noise characteristics in thick samples, as well as the heterogeneity of data acquired with different imaging methods. To address this issue, we design a framework which includes sample preparation for high resolution imaging and image analysis. Specifically, we set up a method for labeling thick samples and develop SENPAI, a scalable algorithm for segmenting neurons at cellular and sub-cellular scales in conventional and super-resolution STimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy images of brain tissues. Further, we propose a validation paradigm for testing segmentation performance when a manual ground-truth may not exhaustively describe neuronal arborization. We show that SENPAI provides accurate multi-scale segmentation, from entire neurons down to spines, outperforming state-of-the-art tools. The framework will empower image processing of complex neuronal circuitries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Cauzzo
- Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Center for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Ester Bruno
- Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - David Boulet
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, NeurImag Core Facility, 75014, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Membrane traffic and diseased brain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Paul Nazac
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Membrane traffic and diseased brain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Miriam Basile
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alejandro Luis Callara
- Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Tozzi
- Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Arti Ahluwalia
- Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Magliaro
- Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lydia Danglot
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, NeurImag Core Facility, 75014, Paris, France.
- Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Membrane traffic and diseased brain, 75014, Paris, France.
| | - Nicola Vanello
- Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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Wang J, Wang Q, Fu Y, Lu M, Chen L, Liu Z, Fu X, Du X, Yu B, Lu H, Cui W. Swimming short fibrous nasal drops achieving intraventricular administration. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:1249-1262. [PMID: 38522998 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Adequate drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical factor in treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Inspired by swimming fish and the microstructure of the nasal cavity, this study is the first to develop swimming short fibrous nasal drops that can directly target the nasal mucosa and swim in the nasal cavity, which can effectively deliver drugs to the brain. Briefly, swimming short fibrous nasal drops with charged controlled drug release were fabricated by electrospinning, homogenization, the π-π conjugation between indole group of fibers, the benzene ring of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) inhibitor along with charge-dipole interaction between positively charged poly-lysine (PLL) and negatively charged surface of fibers; this enabled these fibers to stick to nasal mucosa, prolonged the residence time on mucosa, and prevented rapid mucociliary clearance. In vitro, swimming short fibrous nasal drops were biocompatible and inhibited microglial activation by releasing an LRRK2 inhibitor. In vivo, luciferase-labelled swimming short fibrous nasal drops delivered an LRRK2 inhibitor to the brain through the nasal mucosa, alleviating cognitive dysfunction caused by sepsis-associated encephalopathy by inhibiting microglial inflammation and improving synaptic plasticity. Thus, swimming short fibrous nasal drops is a promising strategy for the treatment of CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qiuyun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yifei Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Min Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhiheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Xiaohan Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiyu Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Buwei Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Han Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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8
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Tamta K, Kumar A, Arya H, Arya S, Maurya RC. Neuronal plasticity in hippocampal neurons due to chronic mild stress and after stress removal in postnatal chicks. J Anat 2024; 244:831-860. [PMID: 38153009 PMCID: PMC11021661 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The avian dorsomedial surface of the cerebral hemisphere is occupied by the hippocampal complex (HCC), which plays an important role in learning, memory, cognitive functions, and regulating instinctive behavior patterns. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of chronic mild stress (CMS) in 4, 6, and 8 weeks and after chronic stress removal (CSR) in 6 and 8 weeks, on neuronal plasticity in HCC neurons of chicks through the Golgi-Cox technique. Further, behavioral study and open field test were conducted to test of exploration or of anxiety. The study revealed that the length of CMS and CSR groups shows a similar pattern as in nonstressed (NS) chicks, while weight shows nonsignificant decrease due to CMS as compared to NS and after CSR. The behavioral test depicts that the CMS group took more time to reach the food as compared to the NS and CSR groups. Due to CMS, the dendritic field of multipolar neurons shows significant decrease in 4 weeks, but in 6- and 8-week-old chicks, the multipolar, pyramidal, and stellate neurons depict significant decrease, whereas after CSR all neurons show significant increase in 8-week-old chicks. In 4- and 8-week-old chicks, all neurons depict significant decrease in their spine number, whereas in 6 weeks only multipolar neurons show significant decrease, but after CSR significant increase in 8-week-old chicks was observed. The study revealed that HCC shows continuous neuronal plasticity, which plays a significant role in normalizing and re-establishing the homeostasis in animals to survive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Tamta
- Department of Zoology (DST-FIST Sponsored), Soban Singh Jeena University, Almora, India
- Kumaun University Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- Department of Applied Sciences, Dr. K. N. Modi University, Newai-Tonk, India
| | - Hemlata Arya
- Department of Zoology (DST-FIST Sponsored), Soban Singh Jeena University, Almora, India
- Kumaun University Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shweta Arya
- Department of Zoology (DST-FIST Sponsored), Soban Singh Jeena University, Almora, India
| | - Ram Chandra Maurya
- Department of Zoology (DST-FIST Sponsored), Soban Singh Jeena University, Almora, India
- Kumaun University Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
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Kumar A, Tamta K, Arya H, Arya S, Maurya RC. Investigating the impact of nutritional insufficiency on parahippocampal neurons in domestic chickens, Gallus gallus domesticus. J Chem Neuroanat 2024; 137:102401. [PMID: 38382581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Over time, scientists have been fascinated by the complex connections among nutrition, brain development, and behavior. It's been well understood that the brain's peak performance relies on having the right nutrients available. Thus, nutritional insufficiency, where an organism lacks vital nutrients crucial for optimal growth and function, can upset the body's balance, potentially triggering stress responses. However, our grasp of how the brain reacts to insufficient nutrition, particularly in avian species like domestic chickens, has shown inconsistencies in our understanding. Domestic chickens have frequently served as subjects for studying memory and learning, primarily focusing on the hippocampus-a region highly responsive to environmental changes. Yet, another critical brain region, the parahippocampal region, integral to memory and spatial cognition, had received relatively little attention concerning the consequences of inadequate nutrition and hydration. To address this knowledge gap, our study sought to investigate the impact of stress induced by nutritional insufficiency on the neuronal cells within the region parahippocampalis in two distinct age groups of domestic chickens, Gallus gallus domesticus: fifteen and thirty days old. We employed the Golgi-Cox-Impregnation technique to explore whether the structural characteristics of neuronal cells, specifically the dendritic spines, underwent changes under transient stressful conditions during these crucial developmental stages. The results were intriguing. Stress evidently induced observable alterations in the dendritic spines of the parahippocampal neuronal cells, with the extent of these changes being age-dependent. In fifteen-day-old chickens, stress prompted substantial modifications in the dendritic spines of parahippocampal multipolar and pyramidal neurons. In contrast, among thirty-day-old chickens, the response to stress was less comprehensive, with only specific parahippocampal multipolar neurons displaying such alterations. These findings underscored the influential role of stress in reshaping the structure of parahippocampal neurons and emphasized the importance of considering age when studying the impact of stress on the brain. Through this research, we aim to enhance our understanding of the intricate interplay between stress, brain structure, and the critical role of adequate nutrition, especially during pivotal developmental stages. Our future research objectives include a deeper investigation into the intracellular events including cellular and molecular mechanisms precipitating these changes and determining whether these alterations have downstream effects on crucial brain functions like learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adarsh Kumar
- Department of Zoology (DST-FIST SPONSORED), Soban Singh Jeena Campus Almora, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India; Department of Zoology (DST-FIST SPONSORED), Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Gujarat, India
| | - Kavita Tamta
- Department of Zoology (DST-FIST SPONSORED), Soban Singh Jeena Campus Almora, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Hemlata Arya
- Department of Zoology (DST-FIST SPONSORED), Soban Singh Jeena Campus Almora, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shweta Arya
- Department of Zoology, Soban Singh Jeena University Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ram Chandra Maurya
- Department of Zoology (DST-FIST SPONSORED), Soban Singh Jeena Campus Almora, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India.
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10
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Li YX, Tan ZN, Li XH, Ma B, Adu Nti F, Lv XQ, Tian ZJ, Yan R, Man HY, Ma XM. Increased gene dosage of RFWD2 causes autistic-like behaviors and aberrant synaptic formation and function in mice. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02515-7. [PMID: 38503925 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02515-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interactions, communication deficits and repetitive behaviors. A study of autistic human subjects has identified RFWD2 as a susceptibility gene for autism, and autistic patients have 3 copies of the RFWD2 gene. The role of RFWD2 as an E3 ligase in neuronal functions, and its contribution to the pathophysiology of ASD, remain unknown. We generated RFWD2 knockin mice to model the human autistic condition of high gene dosage of RFWD2. We found that heterozygous knockin (Rfwd2+/-) male mice exhibited the core symptoms of autism. Rfwd2+/- male mice showed deficits in social interaction and communication, increased repetitive and anxiety-like behavior, and spatial memory deficits, whereas Rfwd2+/- female mice showed subtle deficits in social communication and spatial memory but were normal in anxiety-like, repetitive, and social behaviors. These autistic-like behaviors in males were accompanied by a reduction in dendritic spine density and abnormal synaptic function on layer II/III pyramidal neurons in the prelimbic area of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), as well as decreased expression of synaptic proteins. Impaired social behaviors in Rfwd2+/- male mice were rescued by the expression of ETV5, one of the major substrates of RFWD2, in the mPFC. These findings indicate an important role of RFWD2 in the pathogenesis of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xia Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Nei Tan
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xu-Hui Li
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Boyu Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Frank Adu Nti
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen-Jun Tian
- Institute of Sports Biology, College of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Riqiang Yan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Heng-Ye Man
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Xin-Ming Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
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11
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Suman A, Mahapatra A, Gupta P, Ray SS, Singh RK. Polystyrene microplastics induced disturbances in neuronal arborization and dendritic spine density in mice prefrontal cortex. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 351:141165. [PMID: 38224746 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
An increasing use of plastics in daily life leads to the accumulation of microplastics (MPs) in the environment, posing a serious threat to the ecosystem, including humans. It has been reported that MPs cause neurotoxicity, but the deleterious effect of polystyrene (PS) MPs on neuronal cytoarchitectural morphology in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) region of mice brain remains to be established. In the present study, Swiss albino male mice were orally exposed to 0.1, 1, and 10 ppm PS-MPs for 28 days. After exposure, we found a significant accumulation of PS-MPs with a decreased number of Nissl bodies in the PFC region of the entire treated group compared to the control. Morphometric analysis in the PFC neurons using Golgi-Cox staining accompanied by Sholl analysis showed a significant reduction in basal dendritic length, dendritic intersections, nodes, and number of intersections at seventh branch order in PFC neurons of 1 ppm treated PS-MPs. In neurons of 0.1 ppm treated mice, we found only decrease in the number of intersections at the seventh branch order. While 10 ppm treated neurons decreased in basal dendritic length, dendritic intersections, followed by the number of intersections at the third and seventh branch order were observed. As well, spine density on the apical secondary branches along with mRNA level of BDNF was significantly reduced in all the PS-MPs treated PFC neurons, mainly at 1 ppm versus control. These results suggest that PS-MPs exposure affects overall basal neuronal arborization, with the highest levels at 1 and 10 ppm, followed by 0.1 ppm treated neurons, which may be related to the down-regulation of BDNF expression in PFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Suman
- Molecular Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory (METLab), Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| | - Archisman Mahapatra
- Molecular Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory (METLab), Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Priya Gupta
- Molecular Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory (METLab), Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Shubhendu Shekhar Ray
- Molecular Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory (METLab), Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Singh
- Molecular Endocrinology and Toxicology Laboratory (METLab), Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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12
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Nejad GG, Mottarlini F, Tavassoli Z, Caffino L, Fumagalli F, Homberg JR, Fathollahi Y. Conditioned morphine tolerance promotes neurogenesis, dendritic remodelling and pro-plasticity molecules in the adult rat hippocampus. Addict Biol 2024; 29:e13377. [PMID: 38506630 PMCID: PMC11061850 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Structural neuroplasticity of the hippocampus in the form of neurogenesis and dendritic remodelling underlying morphine tolerance is still less known. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess whether unconditioned- and conditioned-morphine tolerance can trigger structural neuroplasticity in the dorsal and ventral parts of the adult male rat hippocampus. Evaluation of the levels of neurogenesis markers (Ki67 and DCX) by immunohistochemistry shows that conditioned morphine tolerance is sufficient to increase the baseline topographic level of hippocampal neurogenesis in adult rats. Dendritic spine visualization by Golgi staining shows that the behavioural testing paradigms themselves are sufficient to trigger the hippocampus subregion-specific changes in the dendritic remodelling along the apical dendrites of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons and dentate granule cells in adult rats. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of Bdnf, Trkb, Rac-1 and RhoA mRNA levels as pro-plasticity molecules, shows that the conditioned morphine tolerance is effective in changing Bdnf and RhoA mRNA levels in the ventral hippocampus of adult rats. In summary, we demonstrate that the acquisition of morphine tolerance promotes adult neurogenesis, dendritic remodelling and pro-plasticity molecules such as Bdnf/Trkb in the rat hippocampus. Indeed, the structural neuroplasticity of the hippocampus may underlie the newly formed aberrant memory and could provide the initial basis for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of morphine-tolerance plasticity in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Ghamkhari Nejad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - Francesca Mottarlini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”Università degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Zohreh Tavassoli
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Lucia Caffino
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”Università degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Fabio Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”Università degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Judith R. Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and BehaviourRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - Yaghoub Fathollahi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
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13
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Yang K, Wei R, Liu Q, Tao Y, Wu Z, Yang L, Wang QH, Wang H, Pan Z. Specific inhibition of TET1 in the spinal dorsal horn alleviates inflammatory pain in mice by regulating synaptic plasticity. Neuropharmacology 2024; 244:109799. [PMID: 38008374 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
DNA demethylation mediated by ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) is a critical epigenetic mechanism in which gene expression is regulated via catalysis of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine. Previously, we demonstrated that TET1 is associated with the genesis of chronic inflammatory pain. However, how TET1 participates in enhanced nociceptive responses in chronic pain remains poorly understood. Here, we report that conditional knockout of Tet1 in dorsal horn neurons via intrathecal injection of rAAV-hSyn-Cre in Tet1fl/fl mice not only reversed the inflammation-induced upregulation of synapse-associated proteins (post-synaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) and synaptophysin (SYP)) in the dorsal horn but also ameliorated abnormalities in dendritic spine morphology and alleviated pain hypersensitivities. Pharmacological blockade of TET1 by intrathecal injection of a TET1-specific inhibitor-Bobcat 339-produced similar results, as did knockdown of Tet1 by intrathecal injection of siRNA. Thus, our data strongly suggest that increased TET1 expression during inflammatory pain upregulates the expression of multiple synapse-associated proteins and dysregulates synaptic morphology in dorsal horn neurons, suggesting that Tet1 may be a potential target for analgesic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehui Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Runa Wei
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yang Tao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Zixuan Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Li Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qi-Hui Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Pan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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14
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Tamayo JM, Osman HC, Schwartzer JJ, Ashwood P. The influence of asthma on neuroinflammation and neurodevelopment: From epidemiology to basic models. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 116:218-228. [PMID: 38070621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a highly heterogeneous inflammatory disease that can have a significant effect on both the respiratory system and central nervous system. Population based studies and animal models have found asthma to be comorbid with a number of neurological conditions, including depression, anxiety, and neurodevelopmental disorders. In addition, maternal asthma during pregnancy has been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring, such as autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In this article, we review the most current epidemiological studies of asthma that identify links to neurological conditions, both as it relates to individuals that suffer from asthma and the impacts asthma during pregnancy may have on offspring neurodevelopment. We also discuss the relevant animal models investigating these links, address the gaps in knowledge, and explore the potential future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Tamayo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, and the M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California at Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Hadley C Osman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, and the M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California at Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Jared J Schwartzer
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, Department of Psychology and Education, Mount Holyoke College, 50 College Street, South Hadley, MA 01075, USA
| | - Paul Ashwood
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, and the M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California at Davis, CA 95817, USA.
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15
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Cui W, Chen C, Gong L, Wen J, Yang S, Zheng M, Gao B, You J, Lin X, Hao Y, Chen Z, Wu Z, Gao L, Tang J, Yuan Z, Sun X, Jing L, Wen G. PGAM5 knockout causes depressive-like behaviors in mice via ATP deficiency in the prefrontal cortex. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14377. [PMID: 37622283 PMCID: PMC10848067 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects about 17% population in the world. Although abnormal energy metabolism plays an important role in the pathophysiology of MDD, however, how deficiency of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) products affects emotional circuit and what regulates ATP synthesis are still need to be elaborated. AIMS Our study aimed to investigate how deficiency of PGAM5-mediated depressive behavior. RESULTS We firstly discovered that PGAM5 knockout (PGAM5-/- ) mice generated depressive-like behaviors. The phenotype was reinforced by the observation that chronic unexpected mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressive mice exhibited lowered expression of PGAM5 in prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HIP), and striatum. Next, we found, with the using of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), that the functional connectivity between PFC reward system and the PFC volume were reduced in PGAM5-/- mice. PGAM5 ablation resulted in the loss of dendritic spines and lowered density of PSD95 in PFC, but not in HIP. Finally, we found that PGAM5 ablation led to lowered ATP concentration in PFC, but not in HIP. Coimmunoprecipitation study showed that PGAM5 directly interacted with the ATP F1 F0 synthase without influencing the interaction between ATP F1 F0 synthase and Bcl-xl. We then conducted ATP administration to PGAM5-/- mice and found that ATP could rescue the behavioral and neuronal phenotypes of PGAM5-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide convincing evidence that PGAM5 ablation generates depressive-like behaviors via restricting neuronal ATP production so as to impair the number of neuronal spines in PFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Cui
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chunhui Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Liya Gong
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Junyan Wen
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Baogui Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Junxiong You
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xuecong Lin
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yanyu Hao
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ziqi Wu
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Liaoming Gao
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiayu Tang
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain SciencesUniversity of MacauTaipaChina
| | - Xuegang Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Linlin Jing
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ge Wen
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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16
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Liu Y, Liu Q, Wang H, Qiu Y, Lin J, Wu W, Wang N, Dong W, Wan J, Chen C, Li S, Zheng H, Wu Y. Hippocampal synaptic plasticity injury mediated by SIRT1 downregulation is involved in chronic pain-related cognitive dysfunction. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14410. [PMID: 37592394 PMCID: PMC10848102 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Cognitive dysfunction associated with chronic pain may be caused by impaired synaptic plasticity. Considering the impact of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) on synaptic plasticity, we explored the exact role of SIRT1 in cognitive impairment caused by chronic pain. METHODS We evaluated the memory ability of mice with the fear conditioning test (FCT) after spared nerve injury (SNI) model. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to analyze the expression levels of SIRT1. Hippocampal synaptic plasticity was detected with Golgi staining, transmission electron microscopy, and long-term potentiation (LTP). In the intervention study, AAV9-CaMKIIα-Cre-EGFP was injected to SIRT1flox/flox mice to knockdown the expression levels of SIRT1. Besides, SNI mice were injected with AAV2/9-CaMKIIα-SIRT1-3*Flag-GFP or SRT1720 to increase the expression levels or enzymatic activity of SIRT1. RESULTS Our current results indicated that cognitive function in SNI mice was impaired, SIRT1 expression in glutaminergic neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area was downregulated, and synaptic plasticity was altered. Selective knockdown of SIRT1 in hippocampus damaged synaptic plasticity and cognitive function of healthy mice. In addition, the impaired synaptic plasticity and cognitive dysfunction of SNI mice could be improved by the upregulation of SIRT1 expression or enzyme activity. CONCLUSIONS Reduced SIRT1 expression in hippocampus of SNI mice may induce cognitive impairment associated with chronic pain by mediating the impaired synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology/NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic DrugsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Qiang Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology/NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic DrugsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Haibi Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology/NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic DrugsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Yongkang Qiu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology/NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic DrugsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Jiatao Lin
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology/NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic DrugsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Weifeng Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology/NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic DrugsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Ning Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology/NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic DrugsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Wei Dong
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology/NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic DrugsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Jie Wan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology/NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic DrugsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Chen Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology/NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic DrugsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yuqing Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology/NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic DrugsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
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17
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Xu DM, Zhang ZJ, Guo HK, Chen GJ, Ma YL. ERRα regulates synaptic transmission through reactive oxygen species in hippocampal neurons. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23739. [PMID: 38192817 PMCID: PMC10772171 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play multiple roles in synaptic transmission, and estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) is involved in regulating ROS production. The purpose of our study was to explore the underlying effect of ERRα on ROS production, neurite formation and synaptic transmission. Our results revealed that knocking down ERRα expression affected the formation of neuronal neurites and dendritic spines, which are the basic structures of synaptic transmission and play important roles in learning, memory and neuronal plasticity; moreover, the amplitude and frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) and miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) were decreased. These abnormalities were reversed by overexpression of human ERRα. Additionally, we also found that knocking down ERRα expression increased intracellular ROS levels in neurons. ROS inhibitor PBN rescued the changes in neurite formation and synaptic transmission induced by ERRα knockdown. These results indicate a new possible cellular mechanism by which ERRα affects intracellular ROS levels, which in turn regulate neurite and dendritic spine formation and synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Mei Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhi-Juan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hao-Kun Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guo-Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuan-Lin Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
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18
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Peng X, Wellard N, Ghosh A, Troakes C, Giese KP. Different dysregulations of CYFIP1 and CYFIP2 in distinct types of dementia. Brain Res Bull 2024; 206:110849. [PMID: 38128786 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
In humans, the cytoplasmic FMR1 interacting protein (CYFIP) family consists of two members, namely CYFIP1 and CYFIP2. Both CYFIP1 and CYFIP2 function in the WAVE regulatory complex (WRC), which regulates actin polymerization. Additionally, these two proteins form a posttranscriptional regulatory complex with the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), which suppresses mRNA translation. Thus, CYFIP1 and CYFIP2 are important signalling regulators at synapses, and mutations in their genes are associated with neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, including intellectual disabilities. Moreover, dysregulation of the CYFIP protein family is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relevance of the CYFIP family in other dementias is largely unknown. Here, we compared CYFIP1/2 protein levels in the post-mortem hippocampus from patients with AD, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), vascular dementia (VaD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 pathology (FTLD-TDP). Consistent with previous findings, CYFIP2 was reduced in AD hippocampus. In DLB and VaD hippocampus, the protein level of CYFIP2 and CYFIP1 was unaltered. Finally, an increase in the protein level of both CYFIP1 and CYFIP2 was noted in FTLD-TDP hippocampus. These findings reveal that the protein levels of the CYFIP family is distinct in different types of dementia, suggesting that the pathogenesis of these neurodegenerative disorders has divergent impacts on hippocampal synaptic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhui Peng
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Wellard
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, United Kingdom
| | - Anshua Ghosh
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Troakes
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, United Kingdom
| | - K Peter Giese
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, United Kingdom.
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19
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Zecevic D. Electrical properties of dendritic spines. Biophys J 2023; 122:4303-4315. [PMID: 37837192 PMCID: PMC10698282 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic spines are small protrusions that mediate most of the excitatory synaptic transmission in the brain. Initially, the anatomical structure of spines has suggested that they serve as isolated biochemical and electrical compartments. Indeed, following ample experimental evidence, it is now widely accepted that a significant physiological role of spines is to provide biochemical compartmentalization in signal integration and plasticity in the nervous system. In contrast to the clear biochemical role of spines, their electrical role is uncertain and is currently being debated. This is mainly because spines are small and not accessible to conventional experimental methods of electrophysiology. Here, I focus on reviewing the literature on the electrical properties of spines, including the initial morphological and theoretical modeling studies, indirect experimental approaches based on measurements of diffusional resistance of the spine neck, indirect experimental methods using two-photon uncaging of glutamate on spine synapses, optical imaging of intracellular calcium concentration changes, and voltage imaging with organic and genetically encoded voltage-sensitive probes. The interpretation of evidence from different preparations obtained with different methods has yet to reach a consensus, with some analyses rejecting and others supporting an electrical role of spines in regulating synaptic signaling. Thus, there is a need for a critical comparison of the advantages and limitations of different methodological approaches. The only experimental study on electrical signaling monitored optically with adequate sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution using voltage-sensitive dyes concluded that mushroom spines on basal dendrites of cortical pyramidal neurons in brain slices have no electrical role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Zecevic
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
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20
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Noh YW, Kim Y, Lee S, Kim Y, Shin JJ, Kang H, Kim IH, Kim E. The PFC-LH-VTA pathway contributes to social deficits in IRSp53-mutant mice. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4642-4654. [PMID: 37730842 PMCID: PMC10914623 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02257-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) promote social brain functions by releasing DA onto nucleus accumbens neurons, but it remains unclear how VTA neurons communicate with cortical neurons. Here, we report that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)-lateral hypothalamus (LH)-VTA pathway contributes to social deficits in mice with IRSp53 deletion restricted to cortical excitatory neurons (Emx1-Cre;Irsp53fl/fl mice). LH-projecting mutant mPFC neurons display abnormally increased excitability involving decreased potassium channel gene expression, leading to excessive excitatory synaptic input to LH-GABA neurons. A circuit-specific IRSp53 deletion in LH-projecting mPFC neurons also increases neuronal excitability and induces social deficits. LH-GABA neurons with excessive mPFC excitatory synaptic input show a compensatory decrease in excitability, weakening the inhibitory LHGABA-VTAGABA pathway and subsequently over-activating VTA-GABA neurons and over-inhibiting VTA-DA neurons. Accordingly, optogenetic activation of the LHGABA-VTAGABA pathway improves social deficits in Emx1-Cre;Irsp53fl/fl mice. Therefore, the mPFC-LHGABA-VTAGABA-VTADA pathway contributes to the social deficits in Emx1-Cre;Irsp53fl/fl mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Woo Noh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Yangsik Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, 22332, Korea
| | - Soowon Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Yeonghyeon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Jae Jin Shin
- Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Hyojin Kang
- Division of National Supercomputing, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Il Hwan Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Eunjoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
- Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
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21
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Kaczmarek KT, Protokowicz K, Kaczmarek L. Matrix metalloproteinase-9: A magic drug target in neuropsychiatry? J Neurochem 2023. [PMID: 37791997 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric conditions represent a major medical and societal challenge. The etiology of these conditions is very complex and combines genetic and environmental factors. The latter, for example, excessive maternal or early postnatal inflammation, as well as various forms of psychotrauma, often act as triggers leading to mental illness after a prolonged latent period (sometimes years). Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is an extracellularly and extrasynaptic operating protease that is markedly activated in response to the aforementioned environmental insults. MMP-9 has also been shown to play a pivotal role in the plasticity of excitatory synapses, which, in its aberrant form, has repeatedly been implicated in the etiology of mental illness. In this conceptual review, we evaluate the experimental and clinical evidence supporting the claim that MMP-9 is uniquely positioned to be considered a drug target for ameliorating the adverse effects of environmental insults on the development of a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, autism spectrum disorders, addiction, and epilepsy. We also identify specific challenges and bottlenecks hampering the translation of knowledge on MMP-9 into new clinical treatments for the conditions above and suggest ways to overcome these barriers.
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22
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Guo L, Li S, Zhang Y, Yang X, Zhang Y, Cui H, Li Y. Effects of exercise intensity on spatial memory performance and hippocampal synaptic function in SAMP8 mice. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2023:107791. [PMID: 37380098 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Learning and memory impairment is commonly noted in Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is regarded as a progressive synaptic failure disease. Exercise is a nonpharmacological strategy that may help prevent cognitive decline and reduce the risk of AD, which is usually thought to be related to synaptic damage in the hippocampus. However, the effects of exercise intensity on hippocampal memory and synaptic function in AD remain unclear. In this study, senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 (SAMP8) mice were randomly assigned to the control group (Con), low-intensity exercise group (Low), and moderate-intensity exercise group (Mid). Here, we showed that eight weeks of treadmill exercise beginning in four-month-old mice improved spatial memory and recognition memory in six-month-old SAMP8 mice, while the Con group exhibited impaired spatial memory and recognition memory. Treadmill exercise also improved hippocampal neuron morphology in SAMP8 mice. Furthermore, dendritic spine density and the levels of postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD95) and Synaptophysin (SYN) increased significantly in the Low and Mid groups as compared with the Con group. We further showed that moderate-intensity exercise (60% of maximum speed) was more efficacious in increasing dendritic spine density、PSD95 and SYN, than low-intensity exercise (40% of maximum speed). In conclusion, the positive effect of treadmill exercise is closely related to exercise intensity, with moderate-intensity exercise showing the most optimal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Guo
- College of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yizhou Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- College of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huixian Cui
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Yan Li
- College of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Shijiazhuang, China.
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23
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Gerasimov E, Bezprozvanny I, Vlasova OL. Activation of Gq-Coupled Receptors in Astrocytes Restores Cognitive Function in Alzheimer's Disease Mice Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9969. [PMID: 37373117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most widespread neurodegenerative diseases. Most of the current AD therapeutic developments are directed towards improving neuronal cell function or facilitating Aβ amyloid clearance from the brain. However, some recent evidence suggests that astrocytes may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of AD. In this paper, we evaluated the effects of the optogenetic activation of Gq-coupled exogenous receptors expressed in astrocytes as a possible way of restoring brain function in the AD mouse model. We evaluated the effects of the optogenetic activation of astrocytes on long-term potentiation, spinal morphology and behavioral readouts in 5xFAD mouse model of AD. We determined that in vivo chronic activation of astrocytes resulted in the preservation of spine density, increased mushroom spine survival, and improved performance in cognitive behavioral tests. Furthermore, chronic optogenetic stimulation of astrocytes resulted in the elevation of EAAT-2 glutamate uptake transporter expression, which could be a possible explanation for the observed in vivo neuroprotective effects. The obtained results suggest that the persistent activation of astrocytes may be considered a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of AD and possibly other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii Gerasimov
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Khlopina St. 11, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilya Bezprozvanny
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Khlopina St. 11, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Olga L Vlasova
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Khlopina St. 11, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
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24
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Li Q, Kang X, Liu L, Xiao Y, Xu D, Zhuang H, Liu H, Zhao J, Zou H, Yang J, Zhan X, Li T, Wang X, Liu L. Adult mice with noise-induced hearing loss exhibited temporal ordering memory deficits accompanied by microglia-associated neuroplastic changes in the medial prefrontal cortex. Neurobiol Dis 2023:106181. [PMID: 37271287 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquired peripheral hearing loss in midlife is considered the primary modifiable risk factor for dementia, while the underlying pathological mechanism remains poorly understood. Excessive noise exposure is the most common cause of acquired peripheral hearing loss in modern society. This study was designed to investigate the impact of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) on cognition, with a focus on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain region that is involved in both auditory and cognitive processes and is highly affected in patients with cognitive impairment. Adult C57BL/6 J mice were randomly assigned to a control group and seven noise groups: 0HPN, 12HPN, 1DPN, 3DPN, 7DPN, 14DPN, and 28DPN, which were exposed to broadband noise at a 123 dB sound pressure level (SPL) for 2 h and sacrificed immediately (0 h), 12 h, or 1, 3, 7, 14, or 28 days post-noise exposure (HPN, DPN), respectively. Hearing assessment, behavioral tests, and neuromorphological studies in the mPFC were performed in control and 28DPN mice. All experimental animals were included in the time-course analysis of serum corticosterone (CORT) levels and mPFC microglial morphology. The results illustrated that noise exposure induced early-onset transient serum CORT elevation and permanent moderate-to-severe hearing loss in mice. 28DPN mice, in which permanent NIHL has been verified, exhibited impaired performance in temporal order object recognition tasks concomitant with reduced structural complexity of mPFC pyramidal neurons. The time-course immunohistochemical analysis in the mPFC revealed significantly higher morphological microglial activation at 14 and 28 DPN, preceded by a remarkably higher amount of microglial engulfed postsynaptic marker PSD95 at 7 DPN. Additionally, lipid accumulation in microglia was observed in 7DPN, 14DPN and 28DPN mice, suggesting a driving role of lipid handling deficits following excessive phagocytosis of synaptic elements in delayed and sustained microglial abnormalities. These findings provide fundamentally novel information concerning mPFC-related cognitive impairment in mice with NIHL and empirical evidence suggesting the involvement of microglial malfunction in the mPFC neurodegenerative consequences of NIHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Linchen Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dan Xu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hong Zhuang
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haiqing Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Jingyi Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Han Zou
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianing Yang
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xindi Zhan
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tianxiao Li
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lijie Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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25
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Parker SS, Ly KT, Grant AD, Sweetland J, Wang AM, Parker JD, Roman MR, Saboda K, Roe DJ, Padi M, Wolgemuth CW, Langlais P, Mouneimne G. EVL and MIM/MTSS1 regulate actin cytoskeletal remodeling to promote dendritic filopodia in neurons. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202106081. [PMID: 36828364 PMCID: PMC9998662 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202106081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic spines are the postsynaptic compartment of a neuronal synapse and are critical for synaptic connectivity and plasticity. A developmental precursor to dendritic spines, dendritic filopodia (DF), facilitate synapse formation by sampling the environment for suitable axon partners during neurodevelopment and learning. Despite the significance of the actin cytoskeleton in driving these dynamic protrusions, the actin elongation factors involved are not well characterized. We identified the Ena/VASP protein EVL as uniquely required for the morphogenesis and dynamics of DF. Using a combination of genetic and optogenetic manipulations, we demonstrated that EVL promotes protrusive motility through membrane-direct actin polymerization at DF tips. EVL forms a complex at nascent protrusions and DF tips with MIM/MTSS1, an I-BAR protein important for the initiation of DF. We proposed a model in which EVL cooperates with MIM to coalesce and elongate branched actin filaments, establishing the dynamic lamellipodia-like architecture of DF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S. Parker
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Kenneth Tran Ly
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Adam D. Grant
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jillian Sweetland
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ashley M. Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - James D. Parker
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Mackenzie R. Roman
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Kathylynn Saboda
- University of Arizona Cancer Center and Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Denise J. Roe
- University of Arizona Cancer Center and Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Megha Padi
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Charles W. Wolgemuth
- University of Arizona Cancer Center and Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul Langlais
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ghassan Mouneimne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
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26
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Mucha M, Skrzypiec AE, Kolenchery JB, Brambilla V, Patel S, Labrador-Ramos A, Kudla L, Murrall K, Skene N, Dymicka-Piekarska V, Klejman A, Przewlocki R, Mosienko V, Pawlak R. miR-483-5p offsets functional and behavioural effects of stress in male mice through synapse-targeted repression of Pgap2 in the basolateral amygdala. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2134. [PMID: 37185241 PMCID: PMC10130081 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37688-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe psychological trauma triggers genetic, biochemical and morphological changes in amygdala neurons, which underpin the development of stress-induced behavioural abnormalities, such as high levels of anxiety. miRNAs are small, non-coding RNA fragments that orchestrate complex neuronal responses by simultaneous transcriptional/translational repression of multiple target genes. Here we show that miR-483-5p in the amygdala of male mice counterbalances the structural, functional and behavioural consequences of stress to promote a reduction in anxiety-like behaviour. Upon stress, miR-483-5p is upregulated in the synaptic compartment of amygdala neurons and directly represses three stress-associated genes: Pgap2, Gpx3 and Macf1. Upregulation of miR-483-5p leads to selective contraction of distal parts of the dendritic arbour and conversion of immature filopodia into mature, mushroom-like dendritic spines. Consistent with its role in reducing the stress response, upregulation of miR-483-5p in the basolateral amygdala produces a reduction in anxiety-like behaviour. Stress-induced neuromorphological and behavioural effects of miR-483-5p can be recapitulated by shRNA mediated suppression of Pgap2 and prevented by simultaneous overexpression of miR-483-5p-resistant Pgap2. Our results demonstrate that miR-483-5p is sufficient to confer a reduction in anxiety-like behaviour and point to miR-483-5p-mediated repression of Pgap2 as a critical cellular event offsetting the functional and behavioural consequences of psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Mucha
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| | - Anna E Skrzypiec
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jaison B Kolenchery
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Valentina Brambilla
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Satyam Patel
- Pharmacy Department, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alberto Labrador-Ramos
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Lucja Kudla
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kathryn Murrall
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Nathan Skene
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Agata Klejman
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Ryszard Przewlocki
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Valentina Mosienko
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Robert Pawlak
- University of Exeter Medical School, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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27
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Gender and Neurosteroids: Implications for Brain Function, Neuroplasticity and Rehabilitation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054758. [PMID: 36902197 PMCID: PMC10003563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurosteroids are synthesized de novo in the nervous system; they mainly moderate neuronal excitability, and reach target cells via the extracellular pathway. The synthesis of neurosteroids occurs in peripheral tissues such as gonads tissues, liver, and skin; then, because of their high lipophilia, they cross the blood-brain barrier and are stored in the brain structure. Neurosteroidogenesis occurs in brain regions such as the cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala by enzymes necessary for the in situ synthesis of progesterone from cholesterol. Neurosteroids could be considered the main players in both sexual steroid-induced hippocampal synaptic plasticity and normal transmission in the hippocampus. Moreover, they show a double function of increasing spine density and enhancing long term potentiation, and have been related to the memory-enhancing effects of sexual steroids. Estrogen and progesterone affect neuronal plasticity differently in males and females, especially regarding changes in the structure and function of neurons in different regions of the brain. Estradiol administration in postmenopausal women allowed for improving cognitive performance, and the combination with aerobic motor exercise seems to enhance this effect. The paired association between rehabilitation and neurosteroids treatment could provide a boosting effect in order to promote neuroplasticity and therefore functional recovery in neurological patients. The aim of this review is to investigate the mechanisms of action of neurosteroids as well as their sex-dependent differences in brain function and their role in neuroplasticity and rehabilitation.
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28
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Rollenhagen A, Anstötz M, Zimmermann K, Kasugai Y, Sätzler K, Molnar E, Ferraguti F, Lübke JHR. Layer-specific distribution and expression pattern of AMPA- and NMDA-type glutamate receptors in the barrel field of the adult rat somatosensory cortex: a quantitative electron microscopic analysis. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:2342-2360. [PMID: 35732315 PMCID: PMC9977369 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) and NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) glutamate receptors are driving forces for synaptic transmission and plasticity at neocortical synapses. However, their distribution pattern in the adult rat neocortex is largely unknown and was quantified using freeze fracture replication combined with postimmunogold-labeling. Both receptors were co-localized at layer (L)4 and L5 postsynaptic densities (PSDs). At L4 dendritic shaft and spine PSDs, the number of gold grains detecting AMPA was similar, whereas at L5 shaft PSDs AMPA-receptors outnumbered those on spine PSDs. Their number was significantly higher at L5 vs. L4 PSDs. At L4 and L5 dendritic shaft PSDs, the number of gold grains detecting GluN1 was ~2-fold higher than at spine PSDs. The number of gold grains detecting the GluN1-subunit was higher for both shaft and spine PSDs in L5 vs. L4. Both receptors showed a large variability in L4 and L5. A high correlation between the number of gold grains and PSD size for both receptors and targets was observed. Both receptors were distributed over the entire PSD but showed a layer- and target-specific distribution pattern. The layer- and target-specific distribution of AMPA and GluN1 glutamate receptors partially contribute to the observed functional differences in synaptic transmission and plasticity in the neocortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Rollenhagen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-10, Research Centre Jülich GmbH, Leo Brandt Str., Jülich 52425, Germany
| | - Max Anstötz
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-10, Research Centre Jülich GmbH, Leo Brandt Str., Jülich 52425, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy II, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstr. 1, Düsseldorf 40001, Germany
| | - Kerstin Zimmermann
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-10, Research Centre Jülich GmbH, Leo Brandt Str., Jülich 52425, Germany
| | - Yu Kasugai
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayr Strasse 1a, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
| | - Kurt Sätzler
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Rd., Londonderry BT52 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Elek Molnar
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Ferraguti
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayr Strasse 1a, Innsbruck A-6020, Austria
| | - Joachim H R Lübke
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-10, Research Centre Jülich GmbH, Leo Brandt Str., Jülich 52425, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH/Medical University Aachen, Pauwelstr. 30, Aachen 52074, Germany.,JARA Translational Medicine Jülich/Aachen, Germany
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29
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Maruo T, Mizutani K, Miyata M, Kuriu T, Sakakibara S, Takahashi H, Kida D, Maesaka K, Sugaya T, Sakane A, Sasaki T, Takai Y, Mandai K. s-Afadin binds to MAGUIN/Cnksr2 and regulates the localization of the AMPA receptor and glutamatergic synaptic response in hippocampal neurons. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:103040. [PMID: 36803960 PMCID: PMC10040811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A hippocampal mossy fiber synapse implicated in learning and memory is a complex structure in which a presynaptic bouton attaches to the dendritic trunk by puncta adherentia junctions (PAJs) and wraps multiply branched spines. The postsynaptic densities (PSDs) are localized at the heads of each of these spines and faces to the presynaptic active zones. We previously showed that the scaffolding protein afadin regulates the formation of the PAJs, PSDs, and active zones in the mossy fiber synapse. Afadin has two splice variants: l-afadin and s-afadin. l-Afadin, but not s-afadin, regulates the formation of the PAJs but the roles of s-afadin in synaptogenesis remain unknown. We found here that s-afadin more preferentially bound to MAGUIN (a product of the Cnksr2 gene) than l-afadin in vivo and in vitro. MAGUIN/CNKSR2 is one of the causative genes for nonsyndromic X-linked intellectual disability accompanied by epilepsy and aphasia. Genetic ablation of MAGUIN impaired PSD-95 localization and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic (AMPA) receptor surface accumulation in cultured hippocampal neurons. Our electrophysiological analysis revealed that the postsynaptic response to glutamate, but not its release from the presynapse, was impaired in the MAGUIN-deficient cultured hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, disruption of MAGUIN did not increase the seizure susceptibility to flurothyl, a GABAA receptor antagonist. These results indicate that s-afadin binds to MAGUIN and regulates the PSD-95-dependent cell surface localization of the AMPA receptor and glutamatergic synaptic responses in the hippocampal neurons and that MAGUIN is not involved in the induction of epileptic seizure by flurothyl in our mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Maruo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan; Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kiyohito Mizutani
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Muneaki Miyata
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Kuriu
- Research and Development Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shotaro Sakakibara
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hatena Takahashi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Daichi Kida
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kouki Maesaka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsukiko Sugaya
- Department of Biochemistry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ayuko Sakane
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan; Department of Interdisciplinary Researches for Medicine and Photonics, Institute of Post-LED Photonics, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takuya Sasaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Takai
- Division of Pathogenetic Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Kenji Mandai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Diab AM, Wigerius M, Quinn DP, Qi J, Shahin I, Paffile J, Krueger K, Karten B, Krueger SR, Fawcett JP. NCK1 Modulates Neuronal Actin Dynamics and Promotes Dendritic Spine, Synapse, and Memory Formation. J Neurosci 2023; 43:885-901. [PMID: 36535770 PMCID: PMC9908320 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0495-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory formation and maintenance is a dynamic process involving the modulation of the actin cytoskeleton at synapses. Understanding the signaling pathways that contribute to actin modulation is important for our understanding of synapse formation and function, as well as learning and memory. Here, we focused on the importance of the actin regulator, noncatalytic region of tyrosine kinase adaptor protein 1 (NCK1), in hippocampal dependent behaviors and development. We report that male mice lacking NCK1 have impairments in both short-term and working memory, as well as spatial learning. Additionally, we report sex differences in memory impairment showing that female mice deficient in NCK1 fail at reversal learning in a spatial learning task. We find that NCK1 is expressed in postmitotic neurons but is dispensable for neuronal proliferation and migration in the developing hippocampus. Morphologically, NCK1 is not necessary for overall neuronal dendrite development. However, neurons lacking NCK1 have lower dendritic spine and synapse densities in vitro and in vivo EM analysis reveal increased postsynaptic density (PSD) thickness in the hippocampal CA1 region of NCK1-deficient mice. Mechanistically, we find the turnover of actin-filaments in dendritic spines is accelerated in neurons that lack NCK1. Together, these findings suggest that NCK1 contributes to hippocampal-dependent memory by stabilizing actin dynamics and dendritic spine formation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Understanding the molecular signaling pathways that contribute to memory formation, maintenance, and elimination will lead to a better understanding of the genetic influences on cognition and cognitive disorders and will direct future therapeutics. Here, we report that the noncatalytic region of tyrosine kinase adaptor protein 1 (NCK1) adaptor protein modulates actin-filament turnover in hippocampal dendritic spines. Mice lacking NCK1 show sex-dependent deficits in hippocampal memory formation tasks, have altered postsynaptic densities, and reduced synaptic density. Together, our work implicates NCK1 in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics and normal synapse development which is essential for memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios M Diab
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Michael Wigerius
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Dylan P Quinn
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Jiansong Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Ibrahim Shahin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Julia Paffile
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Kavita Krueger
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Barbara Karten
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Stefan R Krueger
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - James P Fawcett
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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31
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Rocks D, Kundakovic M. Hippocampus-based behavioral, structural, and molecular dynamics across the estrous cycle. J Neuroendocrinol 2023; 35:e13216. [PMID: 36580348 PMCID: PMC10050126 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The activity of neurons in the rodent hippocampus contributes to diverse behaviors, with the activity of ventral hippocampal neurons affecting behaviors related to anxiety and emotion regulation, and the activity of dorsal hippocampal neurons affecting performance in learning- and memory-related tasks. Hippocampal cells also express receptors for ovarian hormones, estrogen and progesterone, and are therefore affected by physiological fluctuations of those hormones that occur over the rodent estrous cycle. In this review, we discuss the effects of cycling ovarian hormones on hippocampal physiology. Starting with behavior, we explore the role of the estrous cycle in regulating hippocampus-dependent behaviors. We go on to detail the cellular mechanisms through which cycling estrogen and progesterone, through changes in the structural and functional properties of hippocampal neurons, may be eliciting these changes in behavior. Then, providing a basis for these cellular changes, we outline the epigenetic, chromatin regulatory mechanisms through which ovarian hormones, by binding to their receptors, can affect the regulation of behavior- and synaptic plasticity-related genes in hippocampal neurons. We also highlight an unconventional role that chromatin dynamics may have in regulating neuronal function across the estrous cycle, including in sex hormone-driven X chromosome plasticity and hormonally-induced epigenetic priming. Finally, we discuss directions for future studies and the translational value of the rodent estrous cycle for understanding the effects of the human menstrual cycle on hippocampal physiology and brain disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin Rocks
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University; Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Marija Kundakovic
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University; Bronx, NY, USA
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32
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Lin W, Huang Z, Zhang W, Ren Y. Investigating the neurotoxicity of environmental pollutants using zebrafish as a model organism: A review and recommendations for future work. Neurotoxicology 2023; 94:235-244. [PMID: 36581008 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
With the continuous development of precise detection technology, more and more pollutants have been detected in the environment. Among them, neurotoxic pollutants have attracted extensive attention due to their serious threat to vertebrates, invertebrates, and the whole ecosystem. Compared with other model organisms, zebrafish (Danio rerio) have become an important aquatic model to study the neurotoxicity of environmental pollutants because of their excellent molecular/physiological characteristics. At present, the research on the toxicity of environmental pollutants to the zebrafish nervous system focuses on morphology and behavior regulation, oxidative stress, gene expression, synthesis and release of neurotransmitters, and neuron development. However, studies on epigenetic toxicity, blood-brain barrier damage, and regulation of the brain-gut-microbiota axis still require further research at the molecular and signaling levels to clarify the toxic mechanisms of pollutants. This paper reviews the research on the toxic effects of pollutants in the environment (heavy metals and organic compounds) on the nervous system of zebrafish, summarizes and comments on the main research findings. The discussion of the problems, hot spots in the current research, and the prospects of the contents to be further studied are also included in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Lin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhishan Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuan Ren
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China; The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, China.
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33
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Renner J, Rasia-Filho AA. Morphological Features of Human Dendritic Spines. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 34:367-496. [PMID: 37962801 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-36159-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic spine features in human neurons follow the up-to-date knowledge presented in the previous chapters of this book. Human dendrites are notable for their heterogeneity in branching patterns and spatial distribution. These data relate to circuits and specialized functions. Spines enhance neuronal connectivity, modulate and integrate synaptic inputs, and provide additional plastic functions to microcircuits and large-scale networks. Spines present a continuum of shapes and sizes, whose number and distribution along the dendritic length are diverse in neurons and different areas. Indeed, human neurons vary from aspiny or "relatively aspiny" cells to neurons covered with a high density of intermingled pleomorphic spines on very long dendrites. In this chapter, we discuss the phylogenetic and ontogenetic development of human spines and describe the heterogeneous features of human spiny neurons along the spinal cord, brainstem, cerebellum, thalamus, basal ganglia, amygdala, hippocampal regions, and neocortical areas. Three-dimensional reconstructions of Golgi-impregnated dendritic spines and data from fluorescence microscopy are reviewed with ultrastructural findings to address the complex possibilities for synaptic processing and integration in humans. Pathological changes are also presented, for example, in Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. Basic morphological data can be linked to current techniques, and perspectives in this research field include the characterization of spines in human neurons with specific transcriptome features, molecular classification of cellular diversity, and electrophysiological identification of coexisting subpopulations of cells. These data would enlighten how cellular attributes determine neuron type-specific connectivity and brain wiring for our diverse aptitudes and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué Renner
- Department of Basic Sciences/Physiology and Graduate Program in Biosciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alberto A Rasia-Filho
- Department of Basic Sciences/Physiology and Graduate Program in Biosciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Rasia-Filho AA, Calcagnotto ME, von Bohlen Und Halbach O. Introduction: What Are Dendritic Spines? ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 34:1-68. [PMID: 37962793 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-36159-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic spines are cellular specializations that greatly increase the connectivity of neurons and modulate the "weight" of most postsynaptic excitatory potentials. Spines are found in very diverse animal species providing neural networks with a high integrative and computational possibility and plasticity, enabling the perception of sensorial stimuli and the elaboration of a myriad of behavioral displays, including emotional processing, memory, and learning. Humans have trillions of spines in the cerebral cortex, and these spines in a continuum of shapes and sizes can integrate the features that differ our brain from other species. In this chapter, we describe (1) the discovery of these small neuronal protrusions and the search for the biological meaning of dendritic spines; (2) the heterogeneity of shapes and sizes of spines, whose structure and composition are associated with the fine-tuning of synaptic processing in each nervous area, as well as the findings that support the role of dendritic spines in increasing the wiring of neural circuits and their functions; and (3) within the intraspine microenvironment, the integration and activation of signaling biochemical pathways, the compartmentalization of molecules or their spreading outside the spine, and the biophysical properties that can affect parent dendrites. We also provide (4) examples of plasticity involving dendritic spines and neural circuits relevant to species survival and comment on (5) current research advancements and challenges in this exciting research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto A Rasia-Filho
- Department of Basic Sciences/Physiology and Graduate Program in Biosciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Elisa Calcagnotto
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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35
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Zhang Y, Du L, Yan J, Bai Q, Niu Q, Mo Y, Zhang Q, Nie J. Prenatal benzo[a]pyrene exposure impairs hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in SD rat offspring during adolescence and adulthood via HDAC2-mediated histone deacetylation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 246:114180. [PMID: 36265406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a widespread carcinogenic pollutant in the environment. Although previous studies have demonstrated the neurodevelopmental toxicity of B[a]P, the precise mechanisms underlying the neurotoxic effects induced by prenatal B[a]P exposure remain largely unknown. In the present study, pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were injected intraperitoneally with 0, 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg-bw of B[a]P for three consecutive days on embryonic days 17-19. The learning and memory abilities of offspring were determined by Morris Water Maze (MWM) test, while the number of dendritic branches and the density of dendritic spines in hippocampal CA1 and DG regions were evaluated by Golgi-Cox staining at PND 45 and PND 75. The mRNA expression of BDNF, PSD-95, and SYP in offspring hippocampus were detected by qRT-PCR, and the protein expression of BDNF, PSD-95, SYP, HDAC2, acH3K9, and acH3K14 were measured by Western blotting or immunohistochemistry. CHIP-PCR was performed to further detect the levels of acH3K9 and acH3K14 in the promoter regions of BDNF and PSD-95 genes. Our results showed that rats prenatally exposed to B[a]P exhibited impaired spatial learning and memory abilities and the number of dendritic branches and the density of dendritic spines in the hippocampal CA1 and DG regions were significantly reduced during adolescence and adulthood. The expression of HDAC2 protein was significantly upregulated, while acH3K9, acH3K14, BDNF, PSD-95, and SYP protein levels were significantly downregulated in the hippocampus of B[a]P- exposed rats. In addition, CHIP results showed that prenatal B[a]P exposure markedly decreased the level of acH3K9 and acH3K14 in the promoter region of BDNF and PSD-95 gene in the hippocampus of PND 45 and PND 75 offspring. All of the results suggest that prenatal B[a]P exposure impairs cognitive function and hippocampal synaptic plasticity of offspring in adolescence and adulthood, and HDAC2-mediated histone deacetylation plays a crucial role in these deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Shanxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disease Prevention and Treatment, Datong, Shanxi 037003, PR China
| | - Linhu Du
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Jinhua Yan
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Qianxiang Bai
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Qiao Niu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Yiqun Mo
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40209, USA
| | - Qunwei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40209, USA
| | - Jisheng Nie
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China.
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36
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Krall R, Gale JR, Ross MM, Tzounopoulos T, Aizenman E. Intracellular zinc signaling influences NMDA receptor function by enhancing the interaction of ZnT1 with GluN2A. Neurosci Lett 2022; 790:136896. [PMID: 36202195 PMCID: PMC10153101 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Zinc, loaded into glutamate-containing presynaptic vesicles and released into the synapse in an activity-dependent manner, modulates neurotransmission through its actions on postsynaptic targets, prominently via high-affinity inhibition of GluN2A-containing NMDA receptors. Recently, we identified a postsynaptic transport mechanism that regulates endogenous zinc inhibition of NMDARs. In this new model of zinc regulation, the postsynaptic transporter ZnT1 mediates zinc inhibition of NMDARs by binding to GluN2A. Through this interaction, ZnT1, a transporter that moves zinc from the cytoplasm to the extracellular domain, generates a zinc microdomain that modulates NMDAR-mediated neurotransmission. As ZnT1 expression is transcriptionally driven by the metal-responsive transcription factor 1 (MTF-1), we found that intracellular zinc strongly drives MTF-1 in cortical neurons in vitro and increases the number of GluN2A-ZnT1 interactions, thereby enhancing tonic zinc inhibition of NMDAR-mediated currents. Importantly, this effect is absent when the interaction between GluN2A and ZnT1 is disrupted by a cell-permeable peptide. These results suggest that zinc-regulated gene expression can dynamically regulate NMDAR-mediated synaptic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Krall
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jenna R Gale
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Madeline M Ross
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Thanos Tzounopoulos
- Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elias Aizenman
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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37
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Chen YR, Zhang SX, Fang M, Zhang P, Zhou YF, Yu X, Zhang XN, Chen G. Egr2 contributes to age-dependent vulnerability to sevoflurane-induced cognitive deficits in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2828-2840. [PMID: 35577909 PMCID: PMC9622904 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00915-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sevoflurane inhalation is prone to initiate cognitive deficits in infants. The early growth response-2 (Egr-2) gene is DNA-binding transcription factor, involving in cognitive function. In this study we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the vulnerability to cognitive deficits after sevoflurane administration. Six-day-old (young) and 6-week-old (early adult) mice received anesthesia with 3% sevoflurane for 2 h daily for 3 days. We showed that multiple exposures of sevoflurane induced significant learning ability impairment in young but not early adult mice, assessed in Morris water maze test on postnatal days 65. The integrated differential expression analysis revealed distinct transcription responses of Egr family members in the hippocampus of the young and early adult mice after sevoflurane administration. Particularly, Egr2 was significantly upregulated after sevoflurane exposure only in young mice. Microinjection of Egr2 shRNA recombinant adeno-associated virus into the dentate gyrus alleviated sevoflurane-induced cognitive deficits, and abolished sevoflurane-induced dendritic spins loss and BDNF downregulation in young mice. On the contrary, microinjection of the Egr2 overexpression virus in the dentate gyrus aggravated learning ability impairment induced by sevoflurane in young mice but not early adult mice. Furthermore, we revealed that sevoflurane markedly upregulated the nuclear factors of activated T-cells NFATC1 and NFATC2 in young mice, which were involved in Egr2 regulation. In conclusion, Egr2 serves as a critical factor for age-dependent vulnerability to sevoflurane-induced cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Ru Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shu-Xia Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Man Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Piao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - You-Fa Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiang-Nan Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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38
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Frias ES, Hoseini MS, Krukowski K, Paladini MS, Grue K, Ureta G, Rienecker KDA, Walter P, Stryker MP, Rosi S. Aberrant cortical spine dynamics after concussive injury are reversed by integrated stress response inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2209427119. [PMID: 36227915 PMCID: PMC9586300 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2209427119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of long-term neurological disability in the world and the strongest environmental risk factor for the development of dementia. Even mild TBI (resulting from concussive injuries) is associated with a greater than twofold increase in the risk of dementia onset. Little is known about the cellular mechanisms responsible for the progression of long-lasting cognitive deficits. The integrated stress response (ISR), a phylogenetically conserved pathway involved in the cellular response to stress, is activated after TBI, and inhibition of the ISR-even weeks after injury-can reverse behavioral and cognitive deficits. However, the cellular mechanisms by which ISR inhibition restores cognition are unknown. Here, we used longitudinal two-photon imaging in vivo after concussive injury in mice to study dendritic spine dynamics in the parietal cortex, a brain region involved in working memory. Concussive injury profoundly altered spine dynamics measured up to a month after injury. Strikingly, brief pharmacological treatment with the drug-like small-molecule ISR inhibitor ISRIB entirely reversed structural changes measured in the parietal cortex and the associated working memory deficits. Thus, both neural and cognitive consequences of concussive injury are mediated in part by activation of the ISR and can be corrected by its inhibition. These findings suggest that targeting ISR activation could serve as a promising approach to the clinical treatment of chronic cognitive deficits after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elma S. Frias
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Mahmood S. Hoseini
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Karen Krukowski
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Maria Serena Paladini
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Katherine Grue
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Gonzalo Ureta
- Department of Translational Research, Protein Folding and Disease Laboratory, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, 7750000, Chile
| | - Kira D. A. Rienecker
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Peter Walter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- HHMI, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Michael P. Stryker
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Kavli Institute of Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Susanna Rosi
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Kavli Institute of Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
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39
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Assessment of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Concentration in Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012312. [PMID: 36293164 PMCID: PMC9603999 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is a chronic disease affecting children in early childhood. It is characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema and hyperlipidemia. To date, the diagnosis is usually established at an advanced stage of proteinuria. Therefore, new methods of early INS detection are desired. This study was designed to assess brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as a potential marker in the early diagnosis of INS. The study group included patients with a diagnosis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (n = 30) hospitalized in Clinical Hospital No. 1 in Zabrze, from December 2019 to December 2021. Our study shows that serum BDNF concentration decreased and urine BDNF concentration increased in a group of patients with INS, compared with healthy controls. Such outcomes might be related to loss of the BDNF contribution in podocyte structure maintenance. Moreover, we anticipate the role of BDNF in urine protein concentration increase, which could be used as a direct predictor of urine protein fluctuations in clinical practice. Moreover, the ROC curve has also shown that serum BDNF and urine BDNF levels might be useful as an INS marker.
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Cranial irradiation induces cognitive decline associated with altered dendritic spine morphology in the young rat hippocampus. Childs Nerv Syst 2022; 38:1867-1875. [PMID: 35962792 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-022-05646-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Therapeutic irradiation is commonly used to treat brain cancers but can induce cognitive dysfunction, especially in children. The mechanism is unknown but likely involves alterations in dendritic spine number and structure. METHODS To explore the impact of radiation exposure on the alteration of dendritic spine morphology in the hippocampus of young brains, 21-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats received cranial irradiation (10 Gy), and changes in spine density and morphology in dentate gyrus (DG) granules and CA1 pyramidal neurons were detected 1 and 3 months later by using Golgi staining. Moreover, we analyzed synapse-associated proteins within dendritic spines after irradiation. RESULT Our data showed that cognitive deficits were detected in young rats at both time points postirradiation, accompanied by morphological changes in dendritic spines. Our results revealed significant reductions in spine density in the DG at both 1 month (40.58%) and 3 months (28.92%) postirradiation. However, there was a decrease in spine density only at 1 month (33.29%) postirradiation in the basal dendrites of CA1 neurons and no significant changes in the apical dendrites of CA1 neurons at either time point. Notably, among our findings were the significant dynamic changes in spine morphology that persisted 3 months following cranial irradiation. Meanwhile, we found that depletion of the synapse-associated proteins PSD95 and Drebrin coincided with alterations in dendritic spines. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the decreased levels of PSD95 and Drebrin after ionizing radiation may cause changes in synaptic plasticity by affecting the morphological structure of dendritic spines, blocking the functional connectivity pathways of the brain and leading to cognitive impairment. Although the mechanism involved is unclear, understanding how ionizing radiation affects young brain hippocampal tissue may be useful to gain new mechanistic insights into radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction.
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Bello-Medina PC, González-Franco DA, Vargas-Rodríguez I, Díaz-Cintra S. Oxidative stress, the immune response, synaptic plasticity, and cognition in transgenic models of Alzheimer disease. Neurologia 2022; 37:682-690. [PMID: 31780319 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Worldwide, approximately 50 million people have dementia, with Alzheimer disease (AD) being the most common type, accounting for 60%-70% of cases. Given its high incidence, it is imperative to design studies to expand our knowledge about its onset and development, and to develop early diagnosis strategies and/or possible treatments. One methodological strategy is the use of transgenic mouse models for the study of the factors involved in AD aetiology, which include oxidative stress and the immune response. DEVELOPMENT We searched the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases for original articles and reviews published between 2013 and 2019. In this review, we address two factors that have been studied independently, oxidative stress and the immune response, in transgenic models of AD, and discuss the relationship between these factors and their impact on the loss of synaptic and structural plasticity, resulting in cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION This review describes possible mechanisms by which oxidative stress and the immune response participate in the molecular, cellular, and behavioural effects of AD, observing a close relationship between these factors, which lead to cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Bello-Medina
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - D A González-Franco
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Latina de México, Celaya, Guanajuato, México
| | - I Vargas-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - S Díaz-Cintra
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Querétaro, México.
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Chiu YJ, Lin TH, Chang KH, Lin W, Hsieh-Li HM, Su MT, Chen CM, Sun YC, Lee-Chen GJ. Novel TRKB agonists activate TRKB and downstream ERK and AKT signaling to protect Aβ-GFP SH-SY5Y cells against Aβ toxicity. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:7568-7586. [PMID: 36170028 PMCID: PMC9550238 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Decreased BDNF and impaired TRKB signaling contribute to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We have shown previously that coumarin derivative LM-031 enhanced CREB/BDNF/BCL2 pathway. In this study we explored if LM-031 analogs LMDS-1 to -4 may act as TRKB agonists to protect SH-SY5Y cells against Aβ toxicity. By docking computation for binding with TRKB using 7,8-DHF as a control, all four LMDS compounds displayed potential of binding to domain d5 of TRKB. In addition, all four LMDS compounds exhibited anti-aggregation and neuroprotective efficacy on SH-SY5Y cells with induced Aβ-GFP expression. Knock-down of TRKB significantly attenuated TRKB downstream signaling and the neurite outgrowth-promoting effects of these LMDS compounds. Among them, LMDS-1 and -2 were further examined for TRKB signaling. Treatment of ERK inhibitor U0126 or PI3K inhibitor wortmannin decreased p-CREB, BDNF and BCL2 in Aβ-GFP cells, implicating the neuroprotective effects are via activating TRKB downstream ERK, PI3K-AKT and CREB signaling. LMDS-1 and -2 are blood–brain barrier permeable as shown by parallel artificial membrane permeability assay. Our results demonstrate how LMDS-1 and -2 are likely to work as TRKB agonists to exert neuroprotection in Aβ cells, which may shed light on the potential application in therapeutics of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jen Chiu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Te-Hsien Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu Mei Hsieh-Li
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsan Su
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Mei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chieh Sun
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Jen Lee-Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
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Adult re-expression of IRSp53 rescues NMDA receptor function and social behavior in IRSp53-mutant mice. Commun Biol 2022; 5:838. [PMID: 35982261 PMCID: PMC9388611 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03813-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
IRSp53 (or BAIAP2) is an abundant excitatory postsynaptic scaffolding/adaptor protein that is involved in actin regulation and has been implicated in autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. IRSp53 deletion in mice leads to enhanced NMDA receptor (NMDAR) function and social deficits that are responsive to NMDAR inhibition. However, it remains unclear whether IRSp53 re-expression in the adult IRSp53-mutant mouse brain after the completion of brain development could reverse these synaptic and behavioral dysfunctions. Here we employed a brain-blood barrier (BBB)-penetrant adeno-associated virus (AAV) known as PHP.eB to drive adult IRSp53 re-expression in IRSp53-mutant mice. The adult IRSp53 re-expression normalized social deficits without affecting hyperactivity or anxiety-like behavior. In addition, adult IRSp53 re-expression normalized NMDAR-mediated excitatory synaptic transmission in the medial prefrontal cortex. Our results suggest that adult IRSp53 re-expression can normalize synaptic and behavioral deficits in IRSp53-mutant mice and that BBB-penetrant adult gene re-expression has therapeutic potential.
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Yu QS, Feng WQ, Shi LL, Niu RZ, Liu J. Integrated Analysis of Cortex Single-Cell Transcriptome and Serum Proteome Reveals the Novel Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12081022. [PMID: 36009085 PMCID: PMC9405865 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12081022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-based proteomic analysis is a routine practice for detecting the biomarkers of human disease. The results obtained from blood alone cannot fully reflect the alterations of nerve cells, including neurons and glia cells, in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate novel potential AD biomarker candidates, through an integrated multi-omics approach in AD. We propose a comprehensive strategy to identify high-confidence candidate biomarkers by integrating multi-omics data from AD, including single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) datasets of the prefrontal and entorhinal cortices, as wells as serum proteomic datasets. We first quantified a total of 124,658 nuclei, 8 cell types, and 3701 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from snRNA-seq dataset of 30 human cortices, as well as 1291 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) from serum proteomic dataset of 11 individuals. Then, ten DEGs/DEPs (NEBL, CHSY3, STMN2, MARCKS, VIM, FGD4, EPB41L2, PLEKHG1, PTPRZ1, and PPP1R14A) were identified by integration analysis of snRNA-seq and proteomics data. Finally, four novel candidate biomarkers (NEBL, EPB41L2, FGD4, and MARCKS) for AD further stood out, according to bioinformatics analysis, and they were verified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) verification. These candidate biomarkers are related to the regulation process of the actin cytoskeleton, which is involved in the regulation of synaptic loss in the AD brain tissue. Collectively, this study identified novel cell type-related biomarkers for AD by integrating multi-omics datasets from brains and serum. Our findings provided new targets for the clinical treatment and prognosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jia Liu
- Correspondence: (R.-Z.N.); (J.L.)
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Liu X, Wang J. NMDA receptors mediate synaptic plasticity impairment of hippocampal neurons due to arsenic exposure. Neuroscience 2022; 498:300-310. [PMID: 35905926 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Endemic arsenism is a worldwide health problem. Chronic arsenic exposure results in cognitive dysfunction due to arsenic and its metabolites accumulating in hippocampus. As the cellular basis of cognition, synaptic plasticity is pivotal in arsenic-induced cognitive dysfunction. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) serve physiological functions in synaptic transmission. However, excessive NMDARs activity contributes to exitotoxicity and synaptic plasticity impairment. Here, we provide an overview of the mechanisms that NMDARs and their downstream signaling pathways mediate synaptic plasticity impairment due to arsenic exposure in hippocampal neurons, ways of arsenic exerting on NMDARs, as well as the potential therapeutic targets except for water improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University(23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, China, 150081
| | - Jing Wang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University(23618504), Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin, China, 150081.
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Ning L, Geng Y, Lovett-Barron M, Niu X, Deng M, Wang L, Ataie N, Sens A, Ng HL, Chen S, Deisseroth K, Lin MZ, Chu J. A Bright, Nontoxic, and Non-aggregating red Fluorescent Protein for Long-Term Labeling of Fine Structures in Neurons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:893468. [PMID: 35846353 PMCID: PMC9278655 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.893468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Red fluorescent proteins are useful as morphological markers in neurons, often complementing green fluorescent protein-based probes of neuronal activity. However, commonly used red fluorescent proteins show aggregation and toxicity in neurons or are dim. We report the engineering of a bright red fluorescent protein, Crimson, that enables long-term morphological labeling of neurons without aggregation or toxicity. Crimson is similar to mCherry and mKate2 in fluorescence spectra but is 100 and 28% greater in molecular brightness, respectively. We used a membrane-localized Crimson-CAAX to label thin neurites, dendritic spines and filopodia, enhancing detection of these small structures compared to cytosolic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ning
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Yang Geng
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xiaoman Niu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengying Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Optical Imaging Technology and Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, and CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Optical Imaging Technology and Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, and CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Niloufar Ataie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Alex Sens
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Ho-Leung Ng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Shoudeng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Karl Deisseroth
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Michael Z Lin
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jun Chu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Optical Imaging Technology and Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, and CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Espinosa-Jiménez T, Busquets O, Cano A, Sánchez-López E, Verdaguer E, Parcerisas A, Olloquequi J, Auladell C, Folch J, Wahli W, Vázquez-Carrera M, Camins A, Ettcheto M. Peroxisomal Proliferator-Activated Receptor β/δ Deficiency Induces Cognitive Alterations. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:902047. [PMID: 35899125 PMCID: PMC9310104 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.902047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ), the most PPAR abundant isotype in the central nervous system, is involved in microglial homeostasis and metabolism, whose disturbances have been demonstrated to play a key role in memory impairment. Although PPARβ/δ function is well-established in metabolism, its contribution to neuronal and specifically memory process is underexplored. Therefore, the aim of the study is to determine the role of PPARβ/δ in the neuropathological pathways involved in memory impairment and as to whether a risk factor implicated in memory loss such as obesity modulates neuropathological markers. To carry out this study, 6-month-old total knock-out for the Ppard gene male mice with C57BL/6X129/SV background (PPARβ/δ-/-) and wild-type (WT) littermates with the same genetic background were used. Animals were fed, after the weaning (at 21 days old), and throughout their growth, either conventional chow (CT) or a palmitic acid-enriched diet (HFD). Thus, four groups were defined: WT CT, WT HFD, PPARβ/δ-/- CT, and PPARβ/δ-/- HFD. Before sacrifice, novel object recognition test (NORT) and glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed. After that, animals were sacrificed by intracardiac perfusion or cervical dislocation. Different techniques, such as GolgiStain kit or immunofluorescence, were used to evaluate the role of PPARβ/δ in memory dysfunction. Our results showed a decrease in dendritic spine density and synaptic markers in PPARβ/δ-/- mice, which were corroborated in the NORT. Likewise, our study demonstrated that the lack of PPARβ/δ receptor enhances gliosis in the hippocampus, contributing to astrocyte and microglial activation and to the increase in neuroinflammatory biomarkers. Additionally, alterations in the hippocampal insulin receptor pathway were found. Interestingly, while some of the disturbances caused by the lack of PPARβ/δ were not affected by feeding the HFD, others were exacerbated or required the combination of both factors. Taken together, the loss of PPARβ/δ-/- affects neuronal and synaptic structure, contributing to memory dysfunction, and they also present this receptor as a possible new target for the treatment of memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triana Espinosa-Jiménez
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Busquets
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neurosciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Amanda Cano
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, Fundació ACE Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades—International University of Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of Peptides, IQAC-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Verdaguer
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Parcerisas
- Departament of Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | - Jordi Olloquequi
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Auladell
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Folch
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Science, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Walter Wahli
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- ToxAlim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Camins
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miren Ettcheto
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Miren Ettcheto,
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3dSpAn: An interactive software for 3D segmentation and analysis of dendritic spines. Neuroinformatics 2022; 20:679-698. [PMID: 34743262 DOI: 10.1007/s12021-021-09549-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional segmentation and analysis of dendritic spine morphology involve two major challenges: 1) how to segment individual spines from the dendrites and 2) how to quantitatively assess the morphology of individual spines. To address these two issues, we developed software called 3dSpAn (3-dimensional Spine Analysis), based on implementing a previously published method, 3D multi-scale opening algorithm in shared intensity space. 3dSpAn consists of four modules: a) Preprocessing and Region of Interest (ROI) selection, b) Intensity thresholding and seed selection, c) Multi-scale segmentation, and d) Quantitative morphological feature extraction. In this article, we present the results of segmentation and morphological analysis for different observation methods and conditions, including in vitro and ex vivo imaging with confocal microscopy, and in vivo observations using high-resolution two-photon microscopy. In particular, we focus on software usage, the influence of adjustable parameters on the obtained results, user reproducibility, accuracy analysis, and also include a qualitative comparison with a commercial benchmark. 3dSpAn software is freely available for non-commercial use at www.3dSpAn.org .
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Khan S. Endoplasmic Reticulum in Metaplasticity: From Information Processing to Synaptic Proteostasis. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:5630-5655. [PMID: 35739409 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02916-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ER (endoplasmic reticulum) is a Ca2+ reservoir and the unique protein-synthesizing machinery which is distributed throughout the neuron and composed of multiple different structural domains. One such domain is called EMC (endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex), pleiotropic nature in cellular functions. The ER/EMC position inside the neurons unmasks its contribution to synaptic plasticity via regulating various cellular processes from protein synthesis to Ca2+ signaling. Since presynaptic Ca2+ channels and postsynaptic ionotropic receptors are organized into the nanodomains, thus ER can be a crucial player in establishing TMNCs (transsynaptic molecular nanocolumns) to shape efficient neural communications. This review hypothesized that ER is not only involved in stress-mediated neurodegeneration but also axon regrowth, remyelination, neurotransmitter switching, information processing, and regulation of pre- and post-synaptic functions. Thus ER might not only be a protein-synthesizing and quality control machinery but also orchestrates plasticity of plasticity (metaplasticity) within the neuron to execute higher-order brain functions and neural repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumsuzzaman Khan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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50
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Lokhandwala S, Spencer RMC. Relations between sleep patterns early in life and brain development: A review. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 56:101130. [PMID: 35779333 PMCID: PMC9254005 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep supports healthy cognitive functioning in adults. Over the past decade, research has emerged advancing our understanding of sleep’s role in cognition during development. Infancy and early childhood are marked by unique changes in sleep physiology and sleep patterns as children transition from biphasic to monophasic sleep. Growing evidence suggests that, during development, there are parallel changes in sleep and the brain and that sleep may modulate brain structure and activity and vice versa. In this review, we survey studies of sleep and brain development across childhood. By summarizing these findings, we provide a unique understanding of the importance of healthy sleep for healthy brain and cognitive development. Moreover, we discuss gaps in our understanding, which will inform future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Lokhandwala
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States; Developmental Sciences Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Rebecca M C Spencer
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States; Developmental Sciences Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States; Neuroscience & Behavior Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States; Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States.
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