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Liu Y, Yang Y, Wu H, Yang H, Chen L, Sun F, Xia Y. Intensity-specific physical activity measured by accelerometer and the risk of mortality among individuals with cardiometabolic diseases: A prospective study from the UK Biobank. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 156:104786. [PMID: 38788260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the health benefits of physical activity for general population are well-recognized, the prospective associations of physical activity volume and intensity with mortality among cardiometabolic disease individuals remain unclear. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the associations of accelerometer-measured intensity-specific physical activity with mortality risk among population with cardiometabolic disease. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Participants were recruited from the United Kingdom (UK) across 22 assessment centers from 2006 to 2010. PARTICIPANTS A total of 9524 participants from the UK Biobank (median: 67.00 years, interquartile range: 61.00-70.00 years) were included in final study. METHODS Accelerometer-measured total volume, moderate-to-vigorous and light intensity physical activity collecting from 2013 to 2015 were quantified using a machine learning model. Multivariable restricted cubic splines and Cox proportional hazard models with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were employed to examine the associations of interests. RESULTS During the follow-up period (median: 6.87 years; interquartile range: 6.32-7.39 years), there were 659 (6.92 %) death events with 218 (2.29 %) cardiovascular disease-related deaths and 441 (4.63 %) non-cardiovascular disease-related deaths separately. In the fully adjusted models, compared with participants in the lowest quartiles of total volume, moderate-to-vigorous and light physical activities, the adjusted HRs (95 % CIs) of all-cause mortality for those in the highest quartiles were 0.40 (0.31, 0.52), 0.48 (0.37, 0.61), and 0.56 (0.44, 0.71) while those for cardiovascular diseases-related mortality were 0.35 (0.22, 0.55), 0.52 (0.35, 0.78) and 0.59 (0.39, 0.88), and for non-cardiovascular diseases-related mortality, they were 0.42 (0.30, 0.59), 0.40 (0.29, 0.54) and 0.54 (0.40, 0.73), separately. The optimal moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity level for cardiovascular diseases-related mortality reduction was found to be in the third quartile (17.75-35.33 min/day). Furthermore, the observed inverse associations were mainly non-linear. CONCLUSIONS Promoting physical activity, regardless of intensity, is essential for individuals with cardiometabolic disease to reduce mortality risk. For both all-cause and cardiovascular disease-related and non-cardiovascular disease-related mortality, the observed decrease in risk seems to level off at a moderate level. The current findings deriving from precise device-based physical activity data provide inference for secondary prevention of cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hanzhang Wu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Honghao Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yang Xia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Opara CC, Davey CH, Kityo C, Brinza E, Nazzindah R, Bittencourt MS, Oliveira V, Webel AR, Longenecker CT. Objectively measured physical activity among people with and without HIV in Uganda: associations with cardiovascular risk and coronary artery disease. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.07.24308634. [PMID: 38883713 PMCID: PMC11178025 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.07.24308634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Africa has a disproportionate burden of HIV-related cardiovascular disease. We aimed to describe physical activity in people living with HIV (PLHIV) and people without HIV (PWOH) in Uganda and characterize its relationship with the presence of computed tomography angiography-detected (CCTA) coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the Ugandan Study of HIV Effects on the Myocardium and Atherosclerosis using Computed Tomography (mUTIMA-CT) cohort. From 2017-2019, physical activity in PLHIV and PWOH was assessed by accelerometry over seven days. Participants additionally underwent CCTA. Univariable and multivariable modified Poisson regression was used to analyze the relationship between physical activity and CAD presence. Results 168 participants were analyzed. The median (IQR) age was 57 (53-58) years old and 64% were female. Males had more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week [68 minutes (12-144) vs 15 minutes (0-50), P<0.001] and less light physical activity [788 minutes (497-1,202) vs [1,059 (730-1490), P=0.001] compared to females, but there was no difference by HIV status. After adjusting for age, which accounted for 10% of the variation in steps taken, and sex, no significant associations were found between physical activity and coronary plaque. Conclusion Objectively measured physical activity was low compared to guideline recommendations, with males being somewhat more active than females and without significant differences by HIV status. Physical activity was not associated with the presence of CAD independently of age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinonso C Opara
- University of Washington, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Seattle, USA
| | | | - Cissy Kityo
- Joint Clinical Research Center, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ellen Brinza
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | | | | | - Vitor Oliveira
- University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Allison R Webel
- University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chris T Longenecker
- University of Washington, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Seattle, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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Brellenthin AG, Lee DC, Lefferts EC, Lefferts WK, Dougherty RJ, Kim Y. Physical Activity Intensity and Risk of Dementia. Am J Prev Med 2024; 66:948-956. [PMID: 38307157 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regular participation in aerobic physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of dementia. It is currently unclear whether this association is due to the total volume or intensity of physical activity. METHODS This prospective cohort study analyzed 386,486 adults from the UK Biobank who were free of dementia and self-reported >0 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) at baseline (2007-2010). Participants were categorized as performing 0%, >0%-30%, or >30% of their total MVPA in vigorous activity (VPA). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the associations between categories of VPA and incident dementia while adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors including total MVPA. Analyses were performed in 2022. RESULTS Over an average follow-up of 12.0 (1.7) years, there were 5,177 (1.3%) cases of dementia. Compared to the group reporting 0% VPA, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of dementia for the groups reporting >0%-30% and >30% VPA were 0.73 (0.68-0.78) and 0.81 (0.75-0.87), respectively, in the fully adjusted model. In a joint analysis, reporting some VPA was associated with a reduced risk of dementia regardless of meeting the aerobic physical activity guidelines (HR=0.78 [0.72-0.85]) or not (HR=0.76 [0.60-0.98]), while meeting the aerobic physical activity guidelines alone without VPA was not associated with incident dementia (HR=0.98 [0.90-1.07]), compared to the group that did not meet the guidelines and reported no VPA. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that engaging in VPA as part of MVPA is associated with a lower risk of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Duck-Chul Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | | | | | - Ryan J Dougherty
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Youngwon Kim
- University of Hong Kong, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; University of Cambridge, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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Zhong J, Chen L, Li C, Li J, Niu Y, Bai X, Wen H, Diao Z, Yan H, Xu M, Huang W, Xu Z, Liang X, Liu D. Association of lifestyles and multimorbidity with mortality among individuals aged 60 years or older: Two prospective cohort studies. SSM Popul Health 2024; 26:101673. [PMID: 38779456 PMCID: PMC11109000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lifestyles are associated with all-cause mortality, yet limited research has explored the association in the elderly population with multimorbidity. We aim to investigate the impact of adopting a healthy lifestyle on reducing the risk of all-cause mortality in older individuals with or without multimorbidity in both China and UK. This prospective study included 29,451 and 173,503 older adults aged 60 and over from Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) and UK Biobank. Lifestyles and multimorbidity were categorized into three groups, respectively. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the Hazard Ratios (HRs), 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), and dose-response for all-cause mortality in relation to lifestyles and multimorbidity, as well as the combination of both factors. During a mean follow-up period of 4.7 years in CLHLS and 12.14 years in UK Biobank, we observed 21,540 and 20,720 deaths, respectively. For participants with two or more conditions, compared to those with an unhealthy lifestyle, adopting a healthy lifestyle was associated with a 27%-41% and 22%-42% reduction in mortality risk in the CLHLS and UK Biobank, respectively; Similarly, for individuals without multimorbidity, this reduction ranged from 18% to 41%. Among participants with multimorbidity, individuals with an unhealthy lifestyle had a higher mortality risk compared to those maintaining a healthy lifestyle, with HRs of 1.15 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.32) and 1.27 (95% CI: 1.16, 1.39) for two conditions, and 1.24 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.45) and 1.73 (95% CI: 1.56, 1.91) for three or more conditions in CLHLS and UK Biobank, respectively. Adherence to a healthy lifestyle can yield comparable mortality benefits for older individuals, regardless of their multimorbidity status. Furthermore, maintaining a healthy lifestyle can alleviate the mortality risks linked to a higher number of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Zhong
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianhong Chen
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengping Li
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Niu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuerui Bai
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiyan Wen
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiquan Diao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Yan
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Huang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhitong Xu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Disease Control and Prevention Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
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Rydell A, Janson C, Lisspers K, Lin YT, Ärnlöv J. FEV 1 and FVC as robust risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality: Insights from a large population study. Respir Med 2024; 227:107614. [PMID: 38670319 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data is limited on influence of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in a large adult population, including individuals with normal spirometry at baseline. METHODS Using the UK Biobank cohort, a multivariable Cox regression analysis was conducted on 406,424 individuals to examine the association between FEV1 and FVC, categorized into three groups based on their percentage of predicted values (%pred) (≥80, 60-80 and < 60), and overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure over approximately 12.5 years. Moreover, a subgroup analysis was conducted on 295,459 individuals who had normal spirometry. RESULTS Reduced FEV1 and FVC %pred values were associated with an elevated risk across all studied outcomes. Individuals with the lowest FEV1 and FVC %pred values (<60 %) exhibited HR of 1.83 (95 % CI 1.74-1.93) and 1.98 (95 % CI 1.76-2.22) for overall mortality, and 1.96 (95 % CI 1.83-2.1) and 2.26 (95 % CI 1.94-2.63) for cardiovascular mortality. Moreover, a graded association was observed between lower FEV1 and FVC %pred, even among never smokers and individuals with normal spirometry at baseline. DISCUSSION Reduced FEV1 and FVC represent robust risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality. The fact that the increased risk was evident also at FEV1 and FVC levels exceeding 80 %pred challenges the contemporary classification of lung function categories and the notion that the entire FEV1- and FVC-range above 80 % of predicted represents a normal lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rydell
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden; Centrum För Klinisk Forskning, Region Dalarna, Falun, Sweden.
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Lisspers
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yi-Ting Lin
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden; Centrum För Klinisk Forskning, Region Dalarna, Falun, Sweden; School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
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Yang K, Lu R, Mei J, Cao K, Zeng T, Hua Y, Huang X, Li W, Yin Y. The war between the immune system and the tumor - using immune biomarkers as tracers. Biomark Res 2024; 12:51. [PMID: 38816871 PMCID: PMC11137916 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00599-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, immunotherapy is one of the most promising anti-tumor therapeutic strategy. Specifically, immune-related targets can be used to predict the efficacy and side effects of immunotherapy and monitor the tumor immune response. In the past few decades, increasing numbers of novel immune biomarkers have been found to participate in certain links of the tumor immunity to contribute to the formation of immunosuppression and have entered clinical trials. Here, we systematically reviewed the oncogenesis and progression of cancer in the view of anti-tumor immunity, particularly in terms of tumor antigen expression (related to tumor immunogenicity) and tumor innate immunity to complement the cancer-immune cycle. From the perspective of integrated management of chronic cancer, we also appraised emerging factors affecting tumor immunity (including metabolic, microbial, and exercise-related markers). We finally summarized the clinical studies and applications based on immune biomarkers. Overall, immune biomarkers participate in promoting the development of more precise and individualized immunotherapy by predicting, monitoring, and regulating tumor immune response. Therefore, targeting immune biomarkers may lead to the development of innovative clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Rongrong Lu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Kai Cao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, P. R. China
| | - Yijia Hua
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, P. R. China
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, P. R. China.
| | - Yongmei Yin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, P. R. China.
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Capan M, Bigelow L, Kathuria Y, Paluch A, Chung J. Analysis of multi-level barriers to physical activity among nursing students using regularized regression. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304214. [PMID: 38787846 PMCID: PMC11125535 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity is a growing societal concern with significant impact on public health. Identifying barriers to engaging in physical activity (PA) is a critical step to recognize populations who disproportionately experience these barriers. Understanding barriers to PA holds significant importance within patient-facing healthcare professions like nursing. While determinants of PA have been widely studied, connecting individual and social factors to barriers to PA remains an understudied area among nurses. The objectives of this study are to categorize and model factors related to barriers to PA using the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) Research Framework. The study population includes nursing students at the study institution (N = 163). Methods include a scoring system to quantify the barriers to PA, and regularized regression models that predict this score. Key findings identify intrinsic motivation, social and emotional support, education, and the use of health technologies for tracking and decision-making purposes as significant predictors. Results can help identify future nursing workforce populations at risk of experiencing barriers to PA. Encouraging the development and employment of health-informatics solutions for monitoring, data sharing, and communication is critical to prevent barriers to PA before they become a powerful hindrance to engaging in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muge Capan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Lily Bigelow
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Yukti Kathuria
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Amanda Paluch
- Department of Kinesiology and Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Joohyun Chung
- College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
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Park G, Lee H, Lee Y, Kim MS, Jung S, Khang AR, Yi D. Automated Personalized Self-care Program for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Trial. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2024; 18:114-124. [PMID: 38677472 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Providing continuous self-care support to the growing diabetes population is challenging. Strategies are needed to enhance engagement in self-care, utilizing innovative technologies for personalized feedback. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of the Automated Personalized Self-Care program among type 2 diabetes patients and evaluate its preliminary effectiveness. METHODS A parallel randomized pilot trial with qualitative interviews occurred from May 3, 2022, to September 27, 2022. Participants aged 40-69 years with type 2 diabetes and HbA1c ≥ 7.0% were recruited. The three-month program involved automated personalized goal setting, education, monitoring, and feedback. Feasibility was measured by participants' engagement and intervention usability. Preliminary effectiveness was examined through self-care self-efficacy, self-care behaviors, and health outcomes. Qualitative interviews were conducted with the intervention group. RESULTS A total of 404 patients were screened. Out of the 61 eligible patients, 32 were enrolled, resulting in a recruitment rate of 52.5%. Retention rates at three months were 84.2% and 84.6% in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Among the intervention group, 81.3% satisfied adherence criteria. Mobile application's usability scored 66.25, and participants' satisfaction was 8.06. Intention-to-treat analysis showed improvements in self-measured blood glucose testing, grain intake, and HbA1c in the intervention group. Qualitative content analysis identified nine themes. CONCLUSION Feasibility of the program was verified. A larger randomized controlled trial is needed to determine its effectiveness in self-care self-efficacy, self-care behaviors, and health outcomes among type 2 diabetes patients. This study offers insights for optimizing future trials assessing clinical effectiveness. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Research Information Service, KCT0008202 (registration date: 17 February 2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaeun Park
- Department of Nursing/Research Institute of Nursing Science, Pusan National University, South Korea
| | - Haejung Lee
- Department of Nursing/Research Institute of Nursing Science, Pusan National University, South Korea
| | - Yoonju Lee
- Department of Nursing/Research Institute of Nursing Science, Pusan National University, South Korea
| | - Myoung Soo Kim
- Department of Nursing, Pukyoung National University, South Korea
| | - Sunyoung Jung
- Department of Nursing/Research Institute of Nursing Science, Pusan National University, South Korea
| | - Ah Reum Khang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital/Department of Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, South Korea; Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, South Korea
| | - Dongwon Yi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital/Department of Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, South Korea; Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, South Korea
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Terzi E, Isik U, Inan BC, Akyildiz C, Ustun UD. University students' free time management and quality of life: the mediating role of leisure satisfaction. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:239. [PMID: 38678286 PMCID: PMC11056060 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01745-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The impact of free time management and leisure satisfaction on quality of life is distinct, however, the role of satisfaction in enhancing quality of life through free time management remains uncertain. Hence, the objective of this research is to explore how leisure satisfaction acts as a mediator between free time management and the levels of quality of life among university students. Additionally, this study aims to analyse these concepts in relation to gender, age and the number of days of activity participation. Within this particular framework, a total of 213 university students willingly participated in the survey, which included the administration of the "Free Time Management Scale," "Leisure Satisfaction Scale," and "Quality of Life Scale." The analyses employed the Independent T-Test, Pearson Correlation, and Linear Regression methods. The mediating effect was analysed using Structural Equation Modelling. The study found significant relationships between gender, free time management, and life quality. There was a significant relationship between free time management, leisure satisfaction, and quality of life (p < 0.05). Leisure satisfaction partially mediated the quality of life-free time management relationship. As age and physical activity grow, males have a higher standard of living, and time allocation and quality of life improve. Furthermore, it was found that students who effectively managed their time experienced an enhanced quality of life, as evidenced by their increased satisfaction with leisure activities. Notably, the level of satisfaction with well-managed time was identified as a crucial factor in this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esranur Terzi
- Graduate School of Education, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Türkiye
| | - Utku Isik
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye.
| | - Berat Can Inan
- Graduate School of Education, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Türkiye
| | - Can Akyildiz
- Graduate School of Education, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Türkiye
| | - Umit Dogan Ustun
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Türkiye
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Schattner A. Comprehensive Evidence-Based Health Maintenance. Am J Med 2024:S0002-9343(24)00202-X. [PMID: 38582322 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The potential of primary prevention to prevent, delay, or ameliorate disease is immense. However, the total spending on preventive services in the United States remains astoundingly small and represents a meager 3.5% of total health care spending. Moreover, training focused on prevention in medical schools is often neglected, and time-constrained primary providers frequently omit effective preventive and early detection measures, or perform them perfunctorily. Indeed, preventable conditions of serious consequences including "premature" mortality, cardiovascular events, and major organ failure are ubiquitous with the global obesity and diabetes epidemics, and the ongoing high prevalence of noxious habits and drug abuse. Although each aspect has been the subject of extensive research, a succinct evidence-based summary is scarce. We have conducted a review of high-quality evidence (systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and practice guidelines) over the last 20 years to extract the best updated recommendations on comprehensive disease prevention and approved screening, briefly citing significant risk reductions by lifestyle interventions, pharmacological prevention, cancer screening, other endorsed screening, immunizations, and issues in the patient-provider interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Schattner
- The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Peng W, Bai X, Wu C, Zhang H, Li X, Lu J. Sociodemographic Factors, Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Mortality. Am J Prev Med 2024; 66:598-608. [PMID: 37972796 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exploring sociodemographic effect modification is important to provide evidence for developing targeted recommendations and reducing health inequalities. This study evaluated how sociodemographic factors including age, sex, race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) modify the association between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and all-cause and major cause-specific mortality. METHODS The study sample included 471,992 people from the 1997-2018 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and 41,830 people from the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Data were analyzed in December 2022. Mortality data from the National Death Index were available to December 31, 2019. Sufficient LTPA was defined as at least 150 minutes of moderate and/or vigorous intensity per week. RESULTS There were 46,289 deaths in NHIS participants and 4,617 deaths in NHANES participants during a mean follow-up of 10 years. Individuals with sufficient LTPA had lower risk of all-cause (NHIS: hazard ratio, 0.74, 95% CI: [0.74-0.74]; NHANES: 0.73 [0.68-0.79]) and cardiovascular mortality (NHIS: 0.75 [0.75-0.75]; NHANES: 0.80 [0.69-0.93]) compared with inactive participants. The subgroup analysis showed significant interactions between LTPA and all sociodemographic factors. Associations between LTPA and mortality were weaker among younger individuals, males, Hispanic adults or those of low SES, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Sociodemographic factors significantly modified the associations between LTPA and mortality. The health benefits of sufficient LTPA were smaller in younger individuals, males, Hispanic adults or those of low SES. These findings can help identify target populations for promotion of physical activity to reduce health inequalities and the development of physical activity guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyao Peng
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xueke Bai
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoqun Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Central China Sub-Center of the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiapeng Lu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Huang Z, Huang R, Xu X, Fan Z, Xiong Z, Liang Q, Guo Y, Liao X, Zhuang X. Long-term physical activity time-in-target range in young adults with cardiovascular events in later life. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:461-469. [PMID: 38123512 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Achieving at least 150 min per week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA) is a 'Class I, A level' recommendation for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, long-term PA is a complex behaviour and varied by lifetime, which was insufficiently reflected by the current studies. This study used time-in-target range (TTR) to measure the long-term PA level during young adulthood and investigated its relationship with cardiovascular events in later life. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study were recruited (n = 2902) and allocated into four groups by PA TTR: <25% (n = 1028), 25 to <50% (n = 444), 50 to <75% (n = 424), 75 to 100% (n = 1006). TTR was estimated with linear interpolation across the first 15 years. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular events. The mean (SD) age after the exposure period was 40.3 (3.6) years. After a median follow-up for an additional 18.9 years, the participants with a TTR of at least 75% had a 40% lower risk of the primary outcome (HR: 0.60; 95%CI: 0.38 to 0.95) compared with the lowest TTR group. Each 1-SD increase in TTR was also significantly associated with a 21% decreased risk of the primary outcome (HR: 0.79; 95%CI: 0.65-0.97). CONCLUSION Increasing PA is essential in young adulthood. In young adults, maintaining long-term guidelines-recommended PA levels may help to lower the risk of cardiovascular events in later life. Maintaining the guidelines-recommended PA level for at least 75% of time across young adulthood may be preferable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Rihua Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyan Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxue Liao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
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13
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Zhou HH, Jin B, Liao Y, Hu Y, Li P, YangLha T, Liu Y, Xu J, Wang B, Zhu M, Xiao J, Liu J, Nüssler AK, Liu L, Hao X, Chen J, Peng Z, Yang W. Associations of Various Physical Activities with Mortality and Life Expectancy are Mediated by Telomere Length. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024; 25:431-438.e15. [PMID: 37660722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Physical activity (PA) and telomeres both contribute to healthy aging and longevity. To investigate the optimal dosage of various PA for longevity and the role of telomere length in PA and mortality. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 333,865 adults (mean age of 56 years) from the UK Biobank were analyzed. METHODS Walking, moderate PA (MPA), and vigorous PA (VPA) were self-reported via questionnaire, and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) was measured. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to predict all-cause mortality risk. A flexible parametric Royston-Parmar survival model was used to estimate life expectancy. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 13.8 years, 19,789 deaths were recorded. Compared with the no-walking group, 90 to 720 minutes/week of walking was similarly associated with 27% to 31% of lower mortality and about 6 years of additional life expectancy. We observed nearly major benefits for mortality and life expectancy among those meeting the PA guidelines [151-300 minutes/wk for MPA: hazard ratio (HR) 0.80, 95% CI 0.75-0.85, 3.40-3.42 additional life years; 76-150 minutes/wk for VPA: HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.75-0.82, 2.61 years (2.33-2.89)] vs the no-PA group. Similar benefits were also observed at 76-150 and 301-375 minutes/wk of MPA (18%-19% lower mortality, 3.20-3.42 gained years) or 151-300 minutes/wk of VPA (20%-26% lower mortality, 2.41-2.61 gained years). The associations between MPA, VPA, and mortality risk were slightly mediated by LTL (≈1% mediation proportion, both P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our study suggests a more flexible range of PA than the current PA guidelines, which could gain similar benefits and is easier to achieve: 90 to 720 minutes/wk of walking, 75 to 375 minutes/wk of MPA, and 75 to 300 minutes/wk of VPA. Telomeres might be a potential mechanism by which PA promotes longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Biyu Jin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxiao Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaling Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengwan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tesring YangLha
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiran Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingwen Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Biyao Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Minglin Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Andreas K Nüssler
- Department of Traumatology, BG Trauma Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingjie Hao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiuling Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao Peng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Wei J, Fan L, Xia F, Zhu X, Chen L, Wang T. Association of aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among adults with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort of US adults. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2024; 18:102975. [PMID: 38492549 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2024.102975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship of moderate physical activity (MPA), vigorous physical activity (VPA), and muscle strengthening activity (MSA), independently and jointly, with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and non-CVD mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). MATERIAL AND METHODS This cohort study included 47,538 adults with T2D and 561,963 adults without T2D from the National Health Interview Survey 1997-2018 who provided data on self-reported physical activity (PA). Mortality data were obtained from the National Death Index through 2019. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS In analyses mutually adjusted, versus no MPA adults with T2D, performing the recommendations of MPA (150-299 min/week) associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.66-0.78), CVD mortality (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.58-0.79), and non-CVD mortality (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.65-0.79). Similar benefits were observed in those meeting recommendations for VPA and MSA. Higher levels of PA beyond current recommendations may provide a few additional benefits without adverse effects on mortality risk, regardless of diabetes onset age, duration of diabetes, and medication status. The joint analysis indicates that combining MSA with aerobic PA could further lower mortality risk, and lowest all-cause mortality was observed among individuals engaging in either 75-150 min/week of VPA and 1 time/week of MSA (HR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.13-0.70) or 150-299 min/week of MPA and 1 time/week of MSA (HR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.20-0.55). CONCLUSION Our study supports the current PA guidelines and suggests that there may be limited benefits gained from exercising beyond recommended levels in adults with T2D, combining recommended levels of aerobic and resistance exercises could yield the greatest benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiehua Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Luying Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Xidi Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China; Stroke Biological Recovery Laboratory, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, The Teaching Affiliate of Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Lizhang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
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15
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Lu Y, Lan T. Spatiotemporal trends of cardiovascular disease burden attributable to low physical activity during 1990-2019: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Public Health 2024; 228:137-146. [PMID: 38354583 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The epidemiological trends of cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden attributed to low physical activity (LPA) across various regions and countries are poorly understood. Hence, we assessed the global, regional, and national spatiotemporal trends of LPA-related CVD from 1990 to 2019. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a secondary analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The data on LPA-related CVD were examined with regard to sex, age, year, and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI). METHODS We assessed the temporal changes in age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized death rate (ASDR) using the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) over a 30-year period. RESULTS There were a staggering 0.64 million deaths and 9.99 million disability-adjusted life-years globally attributed to LPA-related CVD in 2019. The majority of the LPA-related CVD burden was observed in the population aged ≥80 years. It also indicated a high disease burden of LPA-related CVD in Central Asia, Arabian Peninsula, and North Africa. Although there has been a decline in ASMR and ASDR associated with LPA-related CVD on a global scale, the countries experiencing the most substantial increase in LPA-related CVD burden are Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Azerbaijan. The ASMR and ASDR remained stable in regions with low, low-middle, and middle SDI levels. The EAPCs of ASMR and ASDR were negatively linked with SDI in 2019. CONCLUSIONS From 1990 to 2019, LPA led to a significant and escalating burden of CVD in certain regions, namely, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Azerbaijan. It is imperative for governments and policymakers to implement regulatory measures and strategic interventions aimed at mitigating this burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Abohashem S, Nasir K, Munir M, Sayed A, Aldosoky W, Abbasi T, Michos ED, Gulati M, Rana JS. Lack of leisure time physical activity and variations in cardiovascular mortality across US communities: a comprehensive county-level analysis (2011-2019). Br J Sports Med 2024; 58:204-212. [PMID: 38212043 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2023-107220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the associations between county-level proportions of adults not engaging in leisure-time physical activity (no LTPA) and age-adjusted cardiovascular mortality (AACVM) rates in the overall US population and across demographics. METHODS Analysing 2900 US counties from 2011 to 2019, we used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) databases to obtain annual AACVM rates. No LTPA data were sourced from the CDC's Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System survey and county-specific rates were calculated using a validated multilevel regression and poststratification modelling approach. Multiple regression models assessed associations with county characteristics such as socioeconomic, environmental, clinical and healthcare access factors. Poisson generalised linear mixed models were employed to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRR) and additional yearly deaths (AYD) per 100 000 persons. RESULTS Of 309.9 million residents in 2900 counties in 2011, 7.38 million (2.4%) cardiovascular deaths occurred by 2019. County attributes such as socioeconomic, environmental and clinical factors accounted for up to 65% (adjusted R2=0.65) of variance in no LTPA rates. No LTPA rates associated with higher AACVM across demographics, notably among middle-aged adults (standardised IRR: 1.06; 95% CI (1.04 to 1.07)), particularly women (1.09; 95% CI (1.07 to 1.12)). The highest AYDs were among elderly non-Hispanic black individuals (AYD=68/100 000). CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals a robust association between the high prevalence of no LTPA and elevated AACVM rates beyond other social determinants. The most at-risk groups were middle-aged women and elderly non-Hispanic black individuals. Further, county-level characteristics accounted for substantial variance in community LTPA rates. These results emphasise the need for targeted public health measures to boost physical activity, especially in high-risk communities, to reduce AACVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shady Abohashem
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Epidemiology Department, Harvard University T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Khurram Nasir
- Department of Cardiology Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart, Vascular Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Malak Munir
- Department of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Sayed
- Department of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wesam Aldosoky
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Taimur Abbasi
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erin D Michos
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Martha Gulati
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jamal S Rana
- Department of Cardiology and Division of Research, The Permanente Medical Group, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
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17
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Waaler PN, Bongo LA, Rolandsen C, Lorem GF. An individually adjusted approach for communicating epidemiological results on health and lifestyle to patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3199. [PMID: 38331938 PMCID: PMC10853548 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53275-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
If scientific research on modifiable risk factors was more accessible to the general population there is a potential to prevent disease and promote health. Mobile applications can automatically combine individual characteristics and statistical models of health to present scientific information as individually tailored visuals, and thus there is untapped potential in incorporating scientific research into apps aimed at promoting healthier lifestyles. As a proof-of-concept, we develop a statistical model of the relationship between Self-rated-health (SRH) and lifestyle-related factors, and a simple app for conveying its effects through a visualisation that sets the individual as the frame of reference. Using data from the 6th (n = 12 981, 53.4% women and 46.6% men) and 7th (n = 21 083, 52.5% women and 47.5% men) iteration of the Tromsø population survey, we fitted a mixed effects linear regression model that models mean SRH as a function of self-reported intensity and frequency of physical activity (PA), BMI, mental health symptoms (HSCL-10), smoking, support from friends, and HbA1c ≥ 6.5%. We adjusted for socioeconomic and demographic factors and comorbidity. We designed a simple proof-of-concept app to register relevant user information, and use the SRH-model to translate the present status of the user into suggestions for lifestyle changes along with predicted health effects. SRH was strongly related to modifiable health factors. The strongest modifiable predictors of SRH were mental health symptoms and PA. The mean adjusted difference in SRH between those with 10-HSCL index = 1.85 (threshold for mental distress) and HSCL-10 = 1 was 0.59 (CI 0.61-0.57). Vigorous physical activity (exercising to exhaustion ≥ 4 days/week relative to sedentary) was associated with an increase on the SRH scale of 0.64 (CI 0.56-0.73). Physical activity intensity and frequency interacted positively, with large PA-volume (frequency ⨯ intensity) being particularly predictive of high SRH. Incorporating statistical models of health into lifestyle apps have great potential for effectively communicating complex health research to a general audience. Such an approach could improve lifestyle apps by helping to make the recommendations more scientifically rigorous and personalised, and offer a more comprehensive overview of lifestyle factors and their importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Niklas Waaler
- Department of Computer Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Lars Ailo Bongo
- Department of Computer Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Christina Rolandsen
- Department of Computer Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Deloitte AS, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir F Lorem
- Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
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Bai P, Ning X, Gao R, Shao X, Zhou S, Li J, Lin Y, Liu H, Zhang M, Yu P. Association between circadian physical activity patterns and cancer incidence through regulation of inflammation: A UK biobank study. Prev Med 2024; 179:107831. [PMID: 38145876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) has been linked with cancer incidence. However, the effects and mechanisms underpinning circadian PA trajectories on cancer remain elusive. This study aimed to explore the optimal PA patterns in reducing cancer incidence and the associated potential mediators. METHODS Between 2006 and 2010, 502,400 participants were recruited from the UK Biobank. Out of these, 102,323 participants wore accelerometers, which allowed for collecting acceleration data continuously over 7 days. After excluding participants with previous cancer history, 96,687 participants were included in K-means cluster analysis to identify PA trajectories. The association between PA and cancer incidence was assessed using Cox regression analysis. Additionally, we investigated the mediating role of inflammation. RESULTS A total of 5995 cancer cases were recorded during a median follow-up of 7.1 years. Four distinct PA trajectories (persistent low, single peak, double peak, and vigorous) were identified. The ideal PA patterns reduced the risk of 7 out of 17 site-specific cancers, with the lowest hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of cancer for bladder (0.59, 0.40-0.86), breast (0.73, 0.60-0.89), kidney (0.45, 0.26-0.78), lung (0.59, 0.41-0.84), myeloma (0.49, 0.27-0.88), and oral & pharynx (0.51, 0.26-0.98) in the vigorous pattern and for colorectal (0.71, 0.54-0.93) in the double peak pattern. Moreover, the mediating effects of inflammation were significant. CONCLUSION Optimal PA trajectories reduced cancer incidence, especially in double peak and vigorous patterns. The protective effect was associated with both intensity and circadian rhythm. Crucially, this protection was mediated by inflammation regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pufei Bai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Xiaoqun Ning
- Special Medical Service Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Middle Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Gao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Xian Shao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Saijun Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Jing Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Yao Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Mianzhi Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, People's Republic of China; Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pei Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China.
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19
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Chang CH, Lin MS, Lin YC, Huang TJ, Chen MY. A novel nomogram for predicting cardiometabolic diseases from modifiable risks in middle-aged adults-implication for health education. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1291741. [PMID: 38344686 PMCID: PMC10853684 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1291741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Middle-aged adults often overlook critical modifiable risk factors that contribute to the emergence of cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), including hypertension and diabetes. Many CMDs can be alleviated by addressing these modifiable risks. However, there has been insufficient research focused on rural adults with lower levels of health literacy in this regard. The aim of this study was to explore and develop an intuitive assessment tool for predicting cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), which can be used for health education with adults of low health literacy. Methods This was a community-based, cross-sectional study. A structured questionnaire on health-promoting habits, smoking, sleep, and physiological biomarkers was obtained via community health screening in the coastal region of Yunlin County, Taiwan. Multivariate logistic regression was used to screen for significant variables in the nomogram construction. Analysis with nonlinear restricted cubic spline was performed. Results A total of 712 participants (60.9% females) aged 40-64 years, with middle school level or lower education, were included. The average age was 55.6 years (SD=7.3), and 220 individuals (31%) had CMDs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, lower scores of vegetables, fruit, water, and exercise (VFWE), smoking history, sleep deprivation, and being overweight were significantly associated with CMDs. The model incorporating these modifiable risk factors demonstrated good discriminatory ability, as indicated by an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.75 (0.73-0.76). A predictive nomogram was developed that presented modifiable risk factors in a simple graphical format to facilitate the prediction of CMDs. Conclusions This study highlights a high prevalence of CMDs among middle-aged adults, along with the disregard for important risk factors that could be modified. The developed nomogram could be a practical and effective tool for community health education to enhance health literacy and prevent the progression of CMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hao Chang
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Jung Huang
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yen Chen
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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20
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Hunter I, Leib R. A framework for relating natural movement to length and quality of life in human and non-human animals. J Theor Biol 2024; 576:111649. [PMID: 37866716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2023.111649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Natural movement is clearly related to health, however, it is also highly complex and difficult to measure. Most attempts to measure it focus on functional movements in humans, and while this a valid and popular approach, assays focussed on particular movements cannot capture the range of natural movement that occurs outside them. It is also difficult to use current techniques to compare movement across animal species. Interspecies comparison may be useful for identifying conserved biomechanical and/ or computational principles of movement that could inform human and veterinary medicine, plus several other fields of research. It is therefore important that research develops a system for quantifying movement in freely moving animals in natural environments and relating it to length and quality of life (LQOL). The present text proposes a novel theoretical framework for doing so, based on screening movement ability (MA). MA is calculated from three major variables - Movement Quality, Movement Complexity, and Movement Quantity. These may represent the most important components of movement as it relates to LQOL, and offer insight into how and why differences in the relationship between movement and LQOL occur. A constrained version of the framework is validated in Drosophila, which suggests that MA may indeed represent a useful new paradigm for understanding the relationship between movement and length and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain Hunter
- Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Raz Leib
- Neuromuscular Diagnostics, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60/ 62, 80992 Munich, Germany
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21
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Ingwersen M, Kunstmann I, Oswald C, Best N, Weisser B, Teichgräber U. Exercise Training for Patients With Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 120:879-885. [PMID: 38019155 PMCID: PMC10859744 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2023.0231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One-third of all persons with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) suffer from intermittent claudication. Exercise training under appropriate supervision is recommended in the pertinent guidelines, but physicians order it too rarely, and so-called vascular exercise groups are not available everywhere. This situation needs improvement in view of the impor - tance of walking ability and cardiorespiratory fitness for patients' quality of life and long-term disease outcome. METHODS We review the scientific evidence on exercise training and on ways to lower barriers to the ordering of exercise training and to patient participation, on the basis of pertinent articles retrieved by a search of PubMed and in specialized sports science journals. RESULTS 10 meta-analyses, 12 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and 7 cohort studies were considered for this review. Largescale cohort studies have shown that exercise is associated with a lower risk of death (relative risk 0.65-0.78 after 12 months of exercise training, compared to an inactive lifestyle). Exercise training also improves the maximal walking distance by a mean of 136 m (training at home) or 180-310 m (supervised training). An additional improvement by a mean of 282 m can be expected from a combination of exercise training and endovascular revascularization. Further behavior-modifying interventions, such as goal-setting, planning, and feedback, increase both the maximum walking distance and the weekly duration of exercise. CONCLUSION Exercise improves walking ability and lowers mortality. To attract patients with intermittent claudication to exercise training, a broad assortment of analog, digital and telemetric tools and a dense network of vascular exercise groups should be made available, along with regular contact between physicians and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Ingwersen
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Ina Kunstmann
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Carolin Oswald
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Norman Best
- Institute of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sophien and Hufeland Hospital Weimar, Academic Teaching Hospital, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Burkhard Weisser
- Institute of Sports Science, Department of Sports Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulf Teichgräber
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Tyler J, Podaras M, Richardson B, Roeder N, Hammond N, Hamilton J, Blum K, Gold M, Baron DA, Thanos PK. High intensity interval training exercise increases dopamine D2 levels and modulates brain dopamine signaling. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1257629. [PMID: 38192549 PMCID: PMC10773799 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1257629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research has outlined the health benefits of exercise including its therapeutic potential for substance use disorders (SUD). These data have already been utilized and it is now common to find exercise as part of SUD treatment and relapse prevention programs. However, we need to better understand different exercise regimens and determine which would be the most beneficial for SUDs. Recently, high intensity interval training (HIIT) has gained attention in comparison with aerobic and resistance exercise. Little is known regarding the neurobiological mechanisms of HIIT, including its effects on dopamine signaling and receptor levels in the brain. The present study examined the effects of chronic HIIT exercise on dopamine signaling as measured by dopamine type 1-like receptor (D1R)-like, dopamine type 2-like receptor (D2R)-like, and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) quantification in the brains of male and female rats as measured by [3H] SCH 23390 and [3H] spiperone autoradiography, and TH-immunoreactive optical density values. Methods Rats were separated in two groups: sedentary and HIIT exercise. Exercise was on a treadmill for 30 min daily (10 3 min cycles) for six weeks with progressive speed increased up to 0.8 mph (21.5 m/min). Results Results showed for D2R-like binding, a significant effect across the ventral caudate putamen (V CPU) between sexes, such that mean D2R-like binding was 14% greater for males than females. In the nucleus accumbens shell (Nac Shell), the HIIT Exercise rats showed 16% greater D2R-like binding as compared to the sedentary rats. No significant effects of HIIT exercise were found across groups for brain D1R-like binding levels or TH expression. Conclusion These results suggest that HIIT exercise can modulate dopamine signaling by way of increased D2R. These findings support the premise that HIIT exercise plays an important role in dopamine signaling and, may provide a potential mechanism for how HIIT exercise can impact the brain and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Tyler
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Madeline Podaras
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Brittany Richardson
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Nicole Roeder
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Nikki Hammond
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - John Hamilton
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Kenneth Blum
- Center for Sports, Exercsie and Mental Health, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Mark Gold
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - David A. Baron
- Center for Sports, Exercsie and Mental Health, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States
| | - Panayotis K. Thanos
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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23
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Seo MW, Eum Y, Jung HC. Leisure time physical activity: a protective factor against metabolic syndrome development. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2449. [PMID: 38062414 PMCID: PMC10701969 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17340-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical activity (PA) is a modifiable factor in preventing/treating cardiometabolic disease. However, no studies have yet compared specific moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) domains with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in detail. Here, the present study was conducted to examine the impact of different MVPA domains (leisure-time PA (LTPA) vs. occupational PA (OPA) vs. total MVPA) on the risk of MetS in Korean adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from the 2014 to 2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed (N = 31,558). MetS was defined according to the criteria by revised NCEP/ATP-III. The domain-specific MVPA was assessed using the K-GPAQ. The LTPA and OPA status were classified into four categories: (1) 0 min/week, (2) 1 to 149 min/week, (3) 150 to 299 min/week, and 4) ≥ 300 min/week. In addition, the present study calculated total MVPA as a sum of OPA and LTPA and further classified it into six groups; (1) 0 min/week, (2) 1 to 149 min/week, (3) 150 to 299 min/week, (4) 300 to 449 min/week, (5) 450 to 599 min/week, 6) ≥ 600 min/week. RESULTS The ≥ 300 min/week and the 150 to 299 min/week of LTPA showed better outcomes in cardiometabolic disease risk factors and surrogate markers of insulin resistance compared with the 0 min/week of LTPA regardless of adiposity status. Risk of MetS in ≥ 300 min/week of LTPA was lower than in 0 min/week, 1 to 149 min/week, and 150 to 299. In addition, LTPA was significantly associated with a risk of the MetS in a curvilinear dose-response curve, however, no significant effects of a non-linear relationship between OPA and risk of the MetS. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that LTPA was associated with a risk of MetS with a dose-response curve, whereas no significant non-linear effects were found between OPA and the risk of MetS. Therefore, the MVPA domain is an independent factor of the risk of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong-Won Seo
- Departments of Exercise Science, David B. Falk College of Sport and Human Dynamics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Youngseob Eum
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Hyun Chul Jung
- Sports Science Research Center, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Sports Coaching, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yoinin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang Y, Duan Z, Lu H, Lu G, Fu Y, Li G, Wang S. Physical activity modifies the association of the composite dietary antioxidant index with all-cause mortality in the US osteoarthritis population. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1297245. [PMID: 38111483 PMCID: PMC10726011 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1297245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It remains unclear how antioxidant intake affects all-cause mortality in osteoarthritis (OA) patients. In this prospective cohort study, we aim to explore the association of the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) with all-cause mortality and investigate the interaction of physical activity (PA) and CDAI on all-cause mortality in OA populations. Methods A total of 3,197 adults with OA in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2018 were included in this study. Death outcomes were obtained from National Death Index (NDI) records. Multivariable Cox regression analyses with cubic spines were applied to estimate the association of CDAI with all-cause mortality. The interaction between CDAI and PA on all-cause mortality was further assessed in stratified analysis and interaction tests. Results The hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 0.95 (0.77-1.17) for Q2, 0.75 (0.59-0.97) for Q3, and 0.71 (0.55-0.92) for Q4 (P for trend <0.001), compared with the lowest quartile of CDAI. A negative linear association was found between CDAI and all-cause mortality. In the stratified analyses, CDAI was negatively associated with all-cause mortality in the insufficient PA group. While in the low and sufficient PA group, there were nonlinear relationships of CDAI with all-cause mortality. Conclusion A negative linear relationship was observed between CDAI and all-cause mortality in OA patients, and this association was significantly modified by PA. Higher intake of dietary antioxidants might be the interventional objective to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality in the US OA population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Grasset L, Planche V, Bouteloup V, Azouani C, Dubois B, Blanc F, Paquet C, David R, Belin C, Jonveaux T, Julian A, Pariente J, Mangin JF, Chêne G, Dufouil C. Physical activity, biomarkers of brain pathologies and dementia risk: Results from the Memento clinical cohort. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:5700-5718. [PMID: 37422285 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to examine whether physical activity moderates the association between biomarkers of brain pathologies and dementia risk. METHODS From the Memento cohort, we analyzed 1044 patients with mild cognitive impairment, aged 60 and older. Self-reported physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Biomarkers of brain pathologies comprised medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA), white matter lesions, and plasma amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 and phosphorylated tau181. Association between physical activity and risk of developing dementia over 5 years of follow-up, and interactions with biomarkers of brain pathologies were tested. RESULTS Physical activity moderated the association between MTA and plasma Aβ42/40 level and increased dementia risk. Compared to participants with low physical activity, associations of both MTA and plasma Aβ42/40 on dementia risk were attenuated in participants with high physical activity. DISCUSSION Although reverse causality cannot be excluded, this work suggests that physical activity may contribute to cognitive reserve. HIGHLIGHTS Physical activity is an interesting modifiable target for dementia prevention. Physical activity may moderate the impact of brain pathology on dementia risk. Medial temporal lobe atrophy and plasma amyloid beta 42/40 ratio were associated with increased dementia risk especially in those with low level of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Grasset
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France
| | - Vincent Planche
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherches, Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Vincent Bouteloup
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France
- Pole de sante publique Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Chabha Azouani
- CATI multicentre imaging platform, US52-UAR2031, CEA, ICM, SU, CNRS, INSERM, APHP, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Bruno Dubois
- IM2A AP-HP INSERM UMR-S975 Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière Sorbonne Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- ICube laboratory, Pôle de Gériatrie, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7357, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherches, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claire Paquet
- Université de Paris Cité, Centre de Neurologie Cognitive GHU APHP Nord Hôpital Lariboisière, INSERMU1144, Paris, France
| | - Renaud David
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Nice University Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Catherine Belin
- Service de Neurologie Hôpital Saint-Louis AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Thérèse Jonveaux
- Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche de Lorraine, Service de Neurologie CHRU Nancy, Laboratoire Lorrain de Psychologie et de Neurosciences de la dynamique des comportements 2LPN EA 7489 Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Adrien Julian
- Service de Neurologie CHU La Milétrie Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche, Poitiers, France
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1402, Poitiers, France
| | - Jérémie Pariente
- Department of Neurology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Universite de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Mangin
- CATI multicentre imaging platform, US52-UAR2031, CEA, ICM, SU, CNRS, INSERM, APHP, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Neurospin, UMR 9027, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Geneviève Chêne
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France
- Pole de sante publique Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Carole Dufouil
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France
- Pole de sante publique Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Koźma-Śmiechowicz MA, Gajewski B, Fortak P, Gajewska K, Nowicki M. Physical Activity, Body Composition, Serum Myokines and the Risk of Death in Hemodialysis Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:2020. [PMID: 38004069 PMCID: PMC10673408 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59112020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between habitual physical activity, body composition, serum myokine concentration, and all-cause mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study with a 7-year follow-up was conducted in a group of 38 patients (24 men, 14 women, mean age 65.6 ± 13.9 years, dialysis vintage 1.17 ± 1.25 years). Baseline serum concentrations of myokines-follistatin and myostatin-were assessed along with a measurement of physical activity with multidimensional accelerometery, body composition, and the force of forearm muscle contraction. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method for tertiles of follistatin, serum myostatin, body composition, and physical activity expressed in metabolic equivalents (MET). Results: The mean physical activity among patients was 81 min/24 h (median 38.5 min), and the mean weekly 3MET activity was 493 min (median 218 min). The probability of survival of patients was significantly lower in the subgroup with 3MET/24 h less than 26 min/24 h and 3METt less than 148 min per week compared to the other subgroup (p = 0.006 and p = 0.006, respectively). During the 70-month follow-up, the subgroup with the lowest baseline follistatin concentration showed a significantly lower risk of death (p = 0.02). Baseline myostatin levels were not significant risk factors for mortality, nor were BMI or lean and fat tissue index categories. Conclusions: Physical activity and low plasma follistatin, but not body composition indexes or plasma myostatin, could serve as predictors of all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna A. Koźma-Śmiechowicz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Central University Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz, 90-222 Lodz, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Central University Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz, 90-222 Lodz, Poland
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Vieira Sosa M, Chin E, Sethares KA. Perspectives Regarding Engagement in Physical Activity in Women: Traditional Gender Role-Based Themes. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2023:00005082-990000000-00144. [PMID: 37934156 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000001057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has not been a significant improvement in cardiovascular disease (CVD) statistics among women; 44.4% of women older than 20 years have a diagnoses of CVD. Only 24.3% of adults meet physical activity (PA) guidelines, women have significantly lower levels of PA significantly lower levels than men. There is a call to action from the American Heart Association to delineate reasons for related genderized, socially determined factors. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to use the individual and family self-management theory to explore and describe interacting sociodemographic, family, cultural, health/access-related, and personal factors contributing to PA engagement in women living in areas of reduced socioeconomic resources. METHODS This study used a community-engaged, qualitative descriptive focus group design to explore PA engagement in women between 18 and 64 years old living in an area of reduced socioeconomic resources and high racial and ethnic diversity. RESULTS Context-related factors included cost/access, transportation, safety, and setting and interacted with family structure and functioning. Process-level factors affecting PA engagement included outcome expectancy, goal incongruence, lack of self-efficacy, self-regulation, and provider support/collaboration. Facilitators included family/friend social support. CONCLUSIONS The current community-engaged study reveals socially constructed gender role elements related to family dynamics, self-perception, and self-regulation that potentially impact engagement in self-management behavior. Programs to increase awareness and self-management of CVD in women exist, but there is a lack of direct effects, speaking to unknown factors. Given perpetually high rates of CVD, low levels of PA, and declining knowledge levels among women, further investigation is imperative.
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Miller C. Military Environmental Exposures. Am J Nurs 2023; 123:47-52. [PMID: 37882403 DOI: 10.1097/01.naj.0000995364.07542.c5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The passage of the PACT Act of 2022 expanded the services veterans receive through the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), ensuring they now qualify for benefits if they've been exposed to certain toxins during their military service. This significant expansion of VA benefits also highlights the need for nurses and other health providers working outside the VA system-who care for millions of veterans-to be well-informed about their patients' military experiences and any potential environmental exposures and health impacts. In this article, the author raises awareness of military environmental exposures and offers guidance about exposure-informed care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cashmere Miller
- Cashmere Miller is a lieutenant in the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps and an NP for environmental health at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs in Atlanta. Contact author: . The author has disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise
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Taff SD, Kniepmann K, Grajo LC, Russell-Thomas DC, Berg C. Impact of Basic Needs Fulfillment on the Health, Well-being, and Academic Engagement of Occupational Therapy Students. Occup Ther Health Care 2023:1-20. [PMID: 37902560 DOI: 10.1080/07380577.2023.2269429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The basic needs of students may serve as unknown factors in academic engagement and well-being. Challenges in meeting these needs disproportionately impact underrepresented minority and first-generation students. The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the perceived presence and impact of basic needs on health, well-being, and academic engagement in occupational therapy students. A 43-item survey was distributed to 231 students and focused on questions addressing basic needs in physiology, safety, and belonging. Respondents reported worry over or the need to work to pay bills, no support from family/friends, and limited access to food in the past 30 days and related this to feeling stressed, not being able to do homework, not participating in class, and loss of leisure time. Ninety-four percent used student health services frequently. Recommendations to address gaps in basic needs include flexible policies, inclusive learning environments, supportive and intentional actions, and providing resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Taff
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kathy Kniepmann
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lenin C Grajo
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Duana C Russell-Thomas
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christine Berg
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Liu BP, Zhu JH, Wan LP, Zhao ZY, Wang X, Jia CX. The Impact of Physical Activity Intensity on the Dynamic Progression of Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity: Prospective Cohort Study Using UK Biobank Data. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e46991. [PMID: 37747776 PMCID: PMC10562971 DOI: 10.2196/46991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many studies have reported on the associations between the amount of physical activity (PA) and the transitions of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM), the evidence for PA intensity has not been fully evaluated. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the impact of PA intensity on the dynamic progression of CMM. METHODS The prospective cohort of this study using data from the UK Biobank included 359,773 participants aged 37-73 years who were recruited from 22 centers between 2006 and 2010. The diagnoses of CMM, which included the copresence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), ischemic heart disease, and stroke, were obtained from first occurrence fields provided by the UK Biobank, which included data from primary care, hospital inpatient record, self-reported medical condition, and death registers. The PA intensity was assessed by the proportion of vigorous PA (VPA) to moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA). Multistate models were used to evaluate the effect of PA intensity on the dynamic progression of CMM. The first model (model A) included 5 transitions, namely free of cardiometabolic disease (CMD) to first occurrence of CMD (FCMD), free of CMD to death, FCMD to CMM, FCMD to mortality, and CMM to mortality. The other model (model B) used specific CMD, namely T2D, ischemic heart disease, and stroke, instead of FCMD and included 11 transitions in this study. RESULTS The mean age of the included participants (N=359,773) was 55.82 (SD 8.12) years at baseline, and 54.55% (196,271/359,773) of the participants were female. Compared with the participants with no VPA, participants with intensity levels of >0.75 to <1 for VPA to MVPA had a 13% and 27% lower risk of transition from free of CMD to FCMD (hazard ratio [HR] 0.87, 95% CI 0.83-0.91) and mortality (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.66-0.79) in model A, respectively. The HR for the participants with no moderate PA was 0.82 (95% CI 0.73-0.92) compared with no VPA. There was a substantially protective effect of higher PA intensity on the transitions from free of CMD to T2D and from T2D to mortality, which reveals the importance of PA intensity for the transitions of T2D. More PA and greater intensity had a synergistic effect on decreasing the risk of the transitions from free of CMD to FCMD and mortality. Male participants, younger adults, adults with a higher BMI, current or previous smokers, and excessive alcohol drinkers could obtain more benefits from higher PA intensity for the lower risk of at least 1 transition from free of CMD, then to CMM, and finally to mortality. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that higher PA intensity is an effective measure for preventing CMM and mortality in the early period of CMM development. Relevant interventions related to higher PA intensity should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Peng Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li-Peng Wan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinting Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cun-Xian Jia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Yedjou CG, Webster S, Osborne D, Liu J, Balagurunathan Y, Odewuni C, Latinwo L, Ngnepiepa P, Alo R, Tchounwou PB. Health Promotion and Racial Disparity in COVID-19 Mortality Among African American Populations. REPORTS ON GLOBAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 6:168. [PMID: 37946735 PMCID: PMC10634601 DOI: 10.29011/2690-9480.100168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19, known as Coronavirus Disease 2019, is a major health issue resulting from novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Its emergence has posed a significant menace to the global medical community and healthcare system across the world. Notably, on December 12, 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the utilization of the Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. As of July 31, 2022, the United Stated has witnessed over 91.3 million cases of COVID-19 and nearly 1.03 million fatalities. An intriguing observation is the recent reduction in the mortality rate of COVID-19, attributed to an augmented focus on early detection, comprehensive screening, and widespread vaccination. Despite this positive trend in some demographics, it is noteworthy that the overall incidence rates of COVID-19 among African American and Hispanic populations have continued to escalate, even as mortality rates have decreased. Therefore, the objective of this research study is to present an overview of COVID-19, spotlighting the disparities among different racial and ethnic groups. It also delves into the management of COVID-19 within the minority populations. To reach our research objective, we used a publicly available COVID-19 dataset from kaggle:https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/paultimothymooney/covid19-cases-and-deaths-by-race. In addition, we obtained COVID-19 datasets from 10 different states with the highest proportion of African American populations. Many considerable strikes have been made in COVID-19. However, success rate of treatment in the African American population remains relatively limited when compared to other ethnic groups. Hence, there arises a pressing need for novel strategies and innovative approaches to not only encourage prevention measures against COVID-19, but also to increase survival rates, diminish mortality rates, and ultimately improve the health outcomes of ethnic and racial minorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement G Yedjou
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, 1610 S. Martin Luther King Blvd, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Shayla Webster
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, 1610 S. Martin Luther King Blvd, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Daniel Osborne
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Technology, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, 1610 S. Martin Luther King Blvd, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Jinwei Liu
- Department of Computer Science, College of Science and Technology, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, 1610 S. Martin Luther King Blvd, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | | | - Carolyn Odewuni
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, 1610 S. Martin Luther King Blvd, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Lekan Latinwo
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, 1610 S. Martin Luther King Blvd, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Pierre Ngnepiepa
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Technology, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, 1610 S. Martin Luther King Blvd, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Richard Alo
- Department of Computer Science, College of Science and Technology, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, 1610 S. Martin Luther King Blvd, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Paul B Tchounwou
- RCMI Center for Urban Health Disparities Research and Innovation, Morgan State University, 1700 E. Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, MD 21252, USA
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López-Bueno R, Ahmadi M, Stamatakis E, Yang L, del Pozo Cruz B. Prospective Associations of Different Combinations of Aerobic and Muscle-Strengthening Activity With All-Cause, Cardiovascular, and Cancer Mortality. JAMA Intern Med 2023; 183:982-990. [PMID: 37548973 PMCID: PMC10407764 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.3093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Importance Studies examining the associations of different combinations of intensity-specific aerobic and muscle strengthening activity (MSA) with all-cause and cause-specific mortality are scarce; the few available estimates are disparate. Objective To examine the prospective associations of different combinations of moderate aerobic physical activity (MPA), vigorous aerobic physical activity (VPA), and MSA with all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), and cancer mortality. Design, Setting, and Participants This nationwide prospective cohort study used data from the US National Health Interview Survey. A total of 500 705 eligible US adults were included in the study and followed up during a median of 10.0 years (5.6 million person-years) from 1997 to 2018. Data were analyzed from September 1 to September 30, 2022. Exposures Self-reported cumulative bouts (75 weekly minutes) of MPA and VPA with recommended MSA guidelines (yes or no) to obtain 48 mutually exclusive exposure categories. Main Outcomes and Measures All-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. Participants were linked to the National Death Index through December 31, 2019. Results Overall, 500 705 participants (mean [SD] age, 46.4 [17.3] years; 210 803 [58%] female; 277 504 [77%] White) were included in the study. Compared with the reference group (doing no MPA or VPA and less than recommended MSA), the category associated with the lowest hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality was more than 0 to 75 minutes of MPA combined with more than 150 minutes of VPA and 2 or more MSA sessions per week (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.42-0.59). The optimal combinations for CVD and cancer mortality risk reduction were more than 150 to 225 minutes of MPA, more than 0 to 75 minutes of VPA, and 2 or more MSA sessions per week (HR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.15-0.57), and more than 300 minutes of MPA, more than 0 to 75 minutes of VPA, and 2 or more MSA sessions per week (HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.23-0.82), respectively. Adjusted mortality rates represented an approximately 50% lower mortality rate for all-cause and cancer mortality and an approximately 3-fold lower mortality rate for CVD mortality. Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study demonstrated that balanced levels of MPA, VPA, and MSA combined may be associated with optimal reductions of mortality risk. Higher-than-recommended levels of MPA and VPA may further lower the risk of cancer and all-cause mortality, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén López-Bueno
- Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Matthew Ahmadi
- Charles Perkin Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Charles Perkin Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Borja del Pozo Cruz
- Faculty of Education, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Liu J, Liu R, Zhang Y, Lao X, Mandeville KL, Ma X, Di Q. Leisure-time physical activity mitigated the cognitive effect of PM 2.5 and PM 2.5 components exposure: Evidence from a nationwide longitudinal study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 179:108143. [PMID: 37598596 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) impairs cognition, while physical activity (PA) improves cognitive function. However, whether taking PA with PM2.5 exposure is still beneficial to cognition remains unknown. METHODS We utilized national representative longitudinal data from the China Family Panel Study (CFPS), comprising a total sample of 108,099 from 2010 to 2018 in three waves. Cognitive performance and leisure-time PA were measured using the standard cognitive module and Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. Gridded overall PM2.5 and major chemical components of PM2.5 were estimated using a two-stage machine learning model and matched to each participant based on their residential location. Mixed-effect models and difference-in-difference models were employed to investigate the individual and joint effects of total PM2.5, PM2.5 components, and leisure-time PA on cognition. RESULTS Every 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with a -0.035 (95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.052, -0.018) point change in cognitive score. All PM2.5 components exhibited negative associations with cognitive change, with black carbon (BC) contributing the most significant cognitive decline (β = -1.025, 95% CI = -1.367, -0.683). Every one-time (or one-hour) increase in leisure-time PA frequency (or PA time) per week was associated with an increase in cognitive score by 0.576 (0.270) points (PA frequency: 95% CI = 0.544, 0.608, PA time: 95% CI = 0.248, 0.293). PA frequency (β = -0.005, 95% CI = -0.006, -0.003) and PA time (β = -0.002, 95% CI = -0.003, -0.001) exhibited interactive effects with PM2.5. Increased PA frequency and time were more beneficial to cognitive function in the low PM2.5 exposure group compared to those exposed to high PM2.5 levels. Moreover, relative to lower PM2.5 exposure, the cognitive benefits of physically active individuals with higher PM2.5 exposure were attenuated but still improved cognition when compared to those with no PA. CONCLUSION Engaging in leisure-time PA provides cognitive benefits even under PM2.5 exposure, although PM2.5 exposure attenuates these benefits. Among all PM2.5 components, BC demonstrated the most significant cognitive hazard and interaction with leisure-time PA. Promoting PA as a preventive measure may offer a cost-effective and convenient strategy to mitigate the negative impact of PM2.5 exposure on cognition. There is no excuse to avoid PA under PM2.5 exposure, as its cognitive benefits persist even in polluted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiu Liu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Ruidong Liu
- China Athletics College, Beijing Sport University, 100084, China.
| | - Yao Zhang
- Soochow College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Xiangqian Lao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Kate L Mandeville
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Xindong Ma
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Qian Di
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Yang J, Guo X, Li T, Xie Y, Wang D, Yi L, Mi M. Sulforaphane Inhibits Exhaustive Exercise-Induced Liver Injury and Transcriptome-Based Mechanism Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3220. [PMID: 37513640 PMCID: PMC10386178 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Exhaustive exercise (EE) induces liver injury and has recently gained much attention. Sulforaphane (SFN) can protect the liver from inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the effects of SFN on EE-induced liver injury and its underlying mechanisms are still unclear. C57BL/6J mice swimming to exhaustion for seven days were used to simulate the liver injury caused by EE. Different doses of SFN (10, 30, 90 mg/kg body weight) were gavage-fed one week before and during the exercise. SFN intervention significantly reduced the EE-induced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the serum, as well as attenuating liver tissue morphological abnormality, oxidative stress injury, and inflammation. Liver transcriptomic analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes altered by SFN intervention in the exercise model were mainly enriched in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways. The most altered gene by SFN intervention screened by RNA-seq and validated by qRT-PCR is Ppp1r3g, a gene involved in regulating hepatic glycogenesis, which may play a vital role in the protective effects of SFN in EE-induced liver damage. SFN can protect the liver from EE-induced damage, and glucose and lipid metabolism may be involved in the mechanism of the protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mantian Mi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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Antunes P, Joaquim A, Sampaio F, Nunes C, Ascensão A, Vilela E, Teixeira M, Capela A, Amarelo A, Marques C, Viamonte S, Alves A, Esteves D. Effects of exercise training on cardiac toxicity markers in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy with anthracyclines: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:844-855. [PMID: 36857149 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Exercise training has been suggested to prevent anthracycline-related cardiac dysfunction, but clinicalbased evidence is scarce. We investigated the effects of a supervised exercise training programme (SETP) on cardiac toxicity markers in women with breast cancer (BC) receiving anthracycline-containing chemotherapy. METHODS AND RESULTS Ninety-three women with early-stage breast cancer were randomly allocated to a supervised exercise training programme (SETP) plus usual care group (Exercise, n = 47) or usual care alone group (UC, n = 46). The SETP consisted of three sessions per week, combining aerobic and resistance training, conducted concurrently across the anthracycline-containing chemotherapy length. The primary endpoint was the change in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from baseline to the end of anthracycline cycles. Secondary endpoints included global longitudinal strain (GLS) and other conventional echocardiographic parameters, cardiorespiratory fitness (estimated peak VO2), circulating biomarkers (NT-proBNP, hs-TnT), and safety of the SETP. The study endpoints were also assessed 3 months after the end of anthracycline cycles. All patients were prescribed four cycles of doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide (AC). No significant between-group differences in LVEF change were seen at the end of AC [mean difference: 0.7%; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.8, 2.3; P = 0.349] and 3 months after AC (1.1%; 95% CI: -0.5, 2.6; P = 0.196). Compared to the usual care (UC) group, the estimated peak VO2 increased in the Exercise group at the end of AC (1.6 mL O2·kg-1·min-1; 95% CI: 0.06, 3.1; P = 0.041) and 3 months after AC (3.1 mL O2·kg-1·min-1; 95% CI: 1.4, 4.7; P < 0.001). No between-group differences were found in the remaining secondary endpoints. No serious adverse events were observed during SETP. CONCLUSION Exercise training was safe during chemotherapy and significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness. No significant effects were seen on cardiac toxicity markers (LVEF or GLS) as compared to the usual care. TRIAL REGISTRATION Mama Move Gaia on treatment trial ISRCTN32617901.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Antunes
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), Sport Sciences Department, University of Beira Interior, Convento de Santo António, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
- ONCOMOVE, AICSO - Associação de Investigação de Cuidados de Suporte em Oncologia (AICSO), Avenida João Paulo II, nº 911, loja 9, 4410-406 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Ana Joaquim
- ONCOMOVE, AICSO - Associação de Investigação de Cuidados de Suporte em Oncologia (AICSO), Avenida João Paulo II, nº 911, loja 9, 4410-406 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, R. Conceição Fernandes S/N, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Francisco Sampaio
- Department of Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, R. Conceição Fernandes S/N, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Cardiovascular Research & Development Center - UnIC@ RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Célia Nunes
- Department of Mathematics and Center of Mathematics and Applications, University of Beira Interior, Avenida Marquês D'Avila e Bolama, 6200-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - António Ascensão
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure Department of Sports Biology, Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, R. Dr. Plácido da Costa 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Vilela
- Department of Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, R. Conceição Fernandes S/N, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Madalena Teixeira
- Department of Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, R. Conceição Fernandes S/N, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Andreia Capela
- ONCOMOVE, AICSO - Associação de Investigação de Cuidados de Suporte em Oncologia (AICSO), Avenida João Paulo II, nº 911, loja 9, 4410-406 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, R. Conceição Fernandes S/N, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Anabela Amarelo
- ONCOMOVE, AICSO - Associação de Investigação de Cuidados de Suporte em Oncologia (AICSO), Avenida João Paulo II, nº 911, loja 9, 4410-406 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, R. Conceição Fernandes S/N, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Marques
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, R. Conceição Fernandes S/N, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Sofia Viamonte
- ONCOMOVE, AICSO - Associação de Investigação de Cuidados de Suporte em Oncologia (AICSO), Avenida João Paulo II, nº 911, loja 9, 4410-406 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Centro de Reabilitação do Norte, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, R. Conceição Fernandes S/N, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Alberto Alves
- ONCOMOVE, AICSO - Associação de Investigação de Cuidados de Suporte em Oncologia (AICSO), Avenida João Paulo II, nº 911, loja 9, 4410-406 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, University of Maia, Av. Carlos de Oliveira Campos, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal
| | - Dulce Esteves
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), Sport Sciences Department, University of Beira Interior, Convento de Santo António, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
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De Bosscher R, Dausin C, Claus P, Bogaert J, Dymarkowski S, Goetschalckx K, Ghekiere O, Van De Heyning CM, Van Herck P, Paelinck B, Addouli HE, La Gerche A, Herbots L, Willems R, Heidbuchel H, Claessen G, Claeys M, Hespel P, Dresselaers T, Miljoen H, Belmans A, Favere K, Vermeulen D, Witvrouwen I, Hansen D, Eijnde BO, Thijs D, Vanvoorden P, Van Soest S. Lifelong endurance exercise and its relation with coronary atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:2388-2399. [PMID: 36881712 PMCID: PMC10327878 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The impact of long-term endurance sport participation (on top of a healthy lifestyle) on coronary atherosclerosis and acute cardiac events remains controversial. METHODS AND RESULTS The Master@Heart study is a well-balanced prospective observational cohort study. Overall, 191 lifelong master endurance athletes, 191 late-onset athletes (endurance sports initiation after 30 years of age), and 176 healthy non-athletes, all male with a low cardiovascular risk profile, were included. Peak oxygen uptake quantified fitness. The primary endpoint was the prevalence of coronary plaques (calcified, mixed, and non-calcified) on computed tomography coronary angiography. Analyses were corrected for multiple cardiovascular risk factors. The median age was 55 (50-60) years in all groups. Lifelong and late-onset athletes had higher peak oxygen uptake than non-athletes [159 (143-177) vs. 155 (138-169) vs. 122 (108-138) % predicted]. Lifelong endurance sports was associated with having ≥1 coronary plaque [odds ratio (OR) 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17-2.94], ≥ 1 proximal plaque (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.24-3.11), ≥ 1 calcified plaques (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.01-2.49), ≥ 1 calcified proximal plaque (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.28-3.35), ≥ 1 non-calcified plaque (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.12-3.40), ≥ 1 non-calcified proximal plaque (OR 2.80, 95% CI 1.39-5.65), and ≥1 mixed plaque (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.06-2.99) as compared to a healthy non-athletic lifestyle. CONCLUSION Lifelong endurance sport participation is not associated with a more favourable coronary plaque composition compared to a healthy lifestyle. Lifelong endurance athletes had more coronary plaques, including more non-calcified plaques in proximal segments, than fit and healthy individuals with a similarly low cardiovascular risk profile. Longitudinal research is needed to reconcile these findings with the risk of cardiovascular events at the higher end of the endurance exercise spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben De Bosscher
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe Dausin
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Piet Claus
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Bogaert
- Division of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven Dymarkowski
- Division of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kaatje Goetschalckx
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olivier Ghekiere
- Division of Radiology, Jessa Ziekenhuis, Stadsomvaat 11, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hasselt, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Caroline M Van De Heyning
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Research, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Paul Van Herck
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Research, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Bernard Paelinck
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Research, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Haroun El Addouli
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Research, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - André La Gerche
- Department of Cardiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Lieven Herbots
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hasselt, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
- Division of Cardiology, Hartcentrum, Jessa Ziekenhuis, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Rik Willems
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hein Heidbuchel
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Research, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Guido Claessen
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hasselt, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Division of Cardiology, Hartcentrum, Jessa Ziekenhuis, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Mathias Claeys
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Hespel
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Dresselaers
- Division of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hielko Miljoen
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Research, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Ann Belmans
- I-BioStat, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kasper Favere
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Research, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Dorien Vermeulen
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Research, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Isabel Witvrouwen
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Research, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Dominique Hansen
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hasselt, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
- REVAL/BIOMED, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw C, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bert Op’t Eijnde
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hasselt, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
- REVAL/BIOMED, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw C, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Daisy Thijs
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hasselt, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Peter Vanvoorden
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hasselt, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Sofie Van Soest
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Bucciarelli V, Mattioli AV, Sciomer S, Moscucci F, Renda G, Gallina S. The Impact of Physical Activity and Inactivity on Cardiovascular Risk across Women's Lifespan: An Updated Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4347. [PMID: 37445383 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity (PI) represents a significant, modifiable risk factor that is more frequent and severe in the female population worldwide for all age groups. The physical activity (PA) gender gap begins early in life and leads to considerable short-term and long-term adverse effects on health outcomes, especially cardiovascular (CV) health. Our review aims to highlight the prevalence and mechanisms of PI across women's lifespan, describing the beneficial effects of PA in many physiological and pathological clinical scenarios and underlining the need for more awareness and global commitment to promote strategies to bridge the PA gender gap and limit PI in current and future female generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bucciarelli
- Cardiovascular Sciences Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Anna Vittoria Mattioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research-INRC, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Susanna Sciomer
- Department of Clinical and Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rome 'Sapienza', Policlinico Umberto I, 49971 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Moscucci
- Department of Clinical and Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rome 'Sapienza', Policlinico Umberto I, 49971 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Renda
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Sabina Gallina
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Veen J, Edholm P, Rodriguez-Zamora L, Folkesson M, Kadi F, Nilsson A. Adherence to the physical activity guideline beyond the recommended minimum weekly amount: impacts on indicators of physical function in older adults. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1197025. [PMID: 37383268 PMCID: PMC10294421 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1197025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The extent to which additional health benefits of accumulating twice the minimum amount of time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) affects indicators of physical function in older adults is unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess indicators of physical function in older adults who accumulate at least 150 but less than 300 min/week of MVPA compared to those accumulating at least 300 min/week. Methods Indicators of physical function, including handgrip strength, 5 times sit-to-stand test (5-STS), squat jump and 6-min walk test (6MWT) were assessed in a sample of 193 older men (n = 71, 67 ± 2 years), and women (n = 122, 67 ± 2 years), who all accumulated at least 150 weekly minutes of MVPA. Time in MVPA was assessed by accelerometry during 1 week and engagement in muscle strengthening activities (MSA) was assessed by self-report. Protein intake was assessed by a food-frequency-questionnaire. Participants were classified as physically active (≥150 but <300 min of MVPA per week) or as highly physically active (≥300 min of MVPA per week). Results Factorial analysis of variance revealed that older adults accumulating at least 300 min of MVPA per week had a significantly (p < 0.05) better 6MWT performance and overall physical function compared to the less active group. These findings remained significant after further adjustment for MSA, sex, waist circumference and protein intake. In contrast, no significant differences in indicators of muscle strength were observed between the two groups. Discussion Adherence to twice the recommended minimum amount of weekly MVPA time is related to a better physical function, evidenced by a better walking performance compared to adherence to the minimum weekly amount of MVPA. This finding emphasizes the benefits of accumulating daily MVPA beyond the minimum recommended amount to optimize the ability to perform activities of daily living, thus reducing the burden of physical disability and related health-care costs.
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Rey-López JP, Lee DH, Ferrari G, Giovannucci E, Rezende LFM. Physical Activity Intensity Measurement and Health: State of the Art and Future Directions for Scientific Research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6027. [PMID: 37297631 PMCID: PMC10252504 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20116027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity guidelines for health recommend any type of unstructured physical activity for health promotion. Adults should perform at least 150-300 min per week of moderate intensity or 75-150 min per week of vigorous intensity activities, or an equivalent combination of the two intensities. However, the relationship between physical activity intensity and longevity remains a debated topic, with conflicting perspectives offered by epidemiologists, clinical exercise physiologists or anthropologists. This paper addresses the current known role of physical activity intensity (in particular vigorous versus moderate intensity) on mortality and the existing problems of measurement. Given the diversity of existing proposals to categorize physical activity intensity, we call for a common methodology. Device-based physical activity measurements (e.g., wrist accelerometers) have been proposed as a valid method to measure physical activity intensity. An appraisal of the results reported in the literature, however, highlights that wrist accelerometers have not yet demonstrated sufficient criterion validity when they are compared to indirect calorimetry. Novel biosensors and wrist accelerometers will help us understand how different metrics of physical activity relates to human health, however, all these technologies are not enough mature to provide personalized applications for healthcare or sports performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Rey-López
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad International de Valencia (VIU), 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Faculty of Sports, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 9170022, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500912, Chile
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leandro F. M. Rezende
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 04023-900, Brazil
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Robbins JM, Gerszten RE. Exercise, exerkines, and cardiometabolic health: from individual players to a team sport. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:168121. [PMID: 37259917 DOI: 10.1172/jci168121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise confers numerous salutary effects that extend beyond individual organ systems to provide systemic health benefits. Here, we discuss the role of exercise in cardiovascular health. We summarize major findings from human exercise studies in cardiometabolic disease. We next describe our current understanding of cardiac-specific substrate metabolism that occurs with acute exercise and in response to exercise training. We subsequently focus on exercise-stimulated circulating biochemicals ("exerkines") as a paradigm for understanding the global health circuitry of exercise, and discuss important concepts in this emerging field before highlighting exerkines relevant in cardiovascular health and disease. Finally, this Review identifies gaps that remain in the field of exercise science and opportunities that exist to translate biologic insights into human health improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M Robbins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Kim C, Jin H, Dusing GJ. Employment conditions and leisure-time physical activity among korean workers: a longitudinal study (2009-2019). BMC Public Health 2023; 23:955. [PMID: 37231483 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15766-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Employment conditions may affect individuals' leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). We aimed to examine the relationship between changes in working and employment conditions and LTPA among working-age populations in South Korea from 2009 to 2019. METHODS A cohort of 6,553 men and 5,124 women aged 19-64 years was analyzed using linear individual-level fixed-effects regressions to examine changes in working and employment conditions with changes in LTPA. RESULTS Reduced working hours, labor union membership, and part-time work were associated with increased LTPA for both sexes. Manual labor and self-reported precarious work were associated with reduced LTPA. The longitudinal relationship between employment conditions and LTPA was clear in men, but less apparent in women. CONCLUSIONS Changes in working and employment conditions had longitudinal associations with changes in LTPA among working-age Koreans. Future research should examine changing employment conditions and their effect on LTPA, particularly among women and manual/precarious workers. These results could inform effective planning and interventions to increase LTPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chungah Kim
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toront, Canada
| | - Hyunju Jin
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
- Seoul National University Institute of Sport Science, Seoul, South Korea.
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Perry AS, Annis JS, Master H, Nayor M, Hughes A, Kouame A, Natarajan K, Marginean K, Murthy V, Roden DM, Harris PA, Shah R, Brittain EL. Association of Longitudinal Activity Measures and Diabetes Risk: An Analysis From the National Institutes of Health All of Us Research Program. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:1101-1109. [PMID: 36458881 PMCID: PMC10306083 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Prior studies of the relationship between physical activity and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) relied primarily on questionnaires at a single time point. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the relationship between physical activity and incident T2DM with an innovative approach using data from commercial wearable devices linked to electronic health records in a real-world population. METHODS Using All of Us participants' accelerometer data from their personal Fitbit devices, we used a time-varying Cox proportional hazards models with repeated measures of physical activity for the outcome of incident T2DM. We evaluated for effect modification with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and sedentary time using multiplicative interaction terms. RESULTS From 5677 participants in the All of Us Research Program (median age 51 years; 74% female; 89% White), there were 97 (2%) cases of incident T2DM over a median follow-up period of 3.8 years between 2010 to 2021. In models adjusted for age, sex, and race, the hazard of incident diabetes was reduced by 44% (95% CI, 15%-63%; P = 0.01) when comparing those with an average daily step count of 10 700 to those with 6000. Similar benefits were seen comparing groups based on average duration of various intensities of activity (eg, lightly active, fairly active, very active). There was no evidence for effect modification by age, sex, BMI, or sedentary time. CONCLUSION Greater time in any type of physical activity intensity was associated with lower risk of T2DM irrespective of age, sex, BMI, or sedentary time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Perry
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Annis
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Hiral Master
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Matthew Nayor
- Sections of Cardiovascular Medicine and Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Andrew Hughes
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Aymone Kouame
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Karthik Natarajan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kayla Marginean
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Venkatesh Murthy
- Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dan M Roden
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Paul A Harris
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Ravi Shah
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Evan L Brittain
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
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Liu BP, Jia CX. The associations of physical activity and lifetime depression with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: evidence from a prospective cohort study. Psychiatry Res 2023; 324:115206. [PMID: 37098300 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the joint associations of physical activity and lifetime depression with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. The present study using data from UK Biobank, included 316568 participants aged 37 to 73 years recruited from 22 centers between 2006 and 2010. Total physical activity (TPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA), assessed by metabolic equivalent task (MET) were used and Cox-proportional hazard models were performed in this study. The incidence rate of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality was 4.35(95%CI: 4.29-4.42), 0.69 (95%CI: 0.67-0.72), and 2.23 (95%CI: 2.19-2.28) per 1000 person-years after an average follow-up time of 12.49 years. Lower levels of TPA, MVPA, and VPA were all independently associated with elevated risk of all-cause and cancer mortality. Lifetime depression was significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause (HR=1.46, 95%CI: 1.40-1.52), CVD (HR=1.48, 95%CI: 1.33-1.64), and cancer mortality (HR=1.13, 95%CI: 1.06-1.21). Significant interactive effect of low levels of TPA, MVPA, and VPA and lifetime depression on all-cause mortality were found in this study. The risk of all-cause mortality associated with lifetime depression was deteriorated with low levels of physical activity. Relevant interventions for regular PA should be performed among depressed population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Peng Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cun-Xian Jia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Maruf FA, Ucheokoye DM. Positive impacts of leisure-time physical activity on cardiorespiratory fitness, co-morbidity level, cardiovascular health and quality of life among midlife adults: a cross-sectional study of a Nigerian population. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2023; 15:25. [PMID: 36879328 PMCID: PMC9987118 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00622-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular physical activity (PA) improves general health and quality of life (QoL) of the general population. It is however not known if leisure-time PA (LTPA) behaviour will reduce co-morbidity and adiposity, and improve cardiorespiratory fitness and QoL in midlife men. This study explored the impacts of regular LTPA behaviour on co-morbidity, adiposity, cardiorespiratory fitness and QoL among male midlife sports club members in a Nigerian population. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved 174 age-matched male midlife adults: 87 engaging in LTPA (LTPA group) and 87 not engaging in LTPA (non-LTPA group). Information on age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), resting heart rate (RHR), QoL and co-morbidity level was collected using standardized procedures. Data were summarized using mean and standard deviation, and explored using frequency and proportion. Independent t-test, Chi Square and Mann-Whitney U test were employed to determine the impacts of LTPA at 0.05 significance level. RESULTS The LTPA group had lower co-morbidity score (p = 0.05) and RHR (p = 0.004), and higher QoL (p = 0.01) and VO2max (p = 0.003) than non-LTPA group. While heart disease (χ2 = 10.99; p = 0.01) and hypertension (χ2 = 15.24; p = 0.004) severity levels were associated with LTPA behaviour, hypertension (p = 0.01) was the only co-morbid condition that had a significantly lower score in the LTPA group than in the non-LTPA group. CONCLUSIONS Regular LTPA improves cardiovascular health, physical work capacity and QoL in the sample of Nigerian mid-life men. Regular LTPA behaviour is recommended for cardiovascular health promotion, and improved physical work capacity and life satisfaction in midlife men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatai Adesina Maruf
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Nigeria.
| | - Demelum Marylyn Ucheokoye
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Nigeria
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Siegel AJ. Pre-race aspirin to enhance primary prevention of marathon-related cardiac arrests: confronting Pheidippides' legacy. Am J Med 2023:S0002-9343(23)00117-1. [PMID: 36871752 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur J Siegel
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Internal Medicine, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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46
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Lee DH, Giovannucci EL. Response by Lee and Giovannucci to Letter Regarding Article, "Long-Term Leisure-Time Physical Activity Intensity and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Prospective Cohort of US Adults". Circulation 2023; 147:e627. [PMID: 36848414 PMCID: PMC10243746 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.063393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Lee
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public
Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward L. Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public
Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of
Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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47
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Du L, Wang P, Chen H. Letter by Du et al Regarding Article, "Long-Term Leisure-Time Physical Activity Intensity and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Prospective Cohort of US Adults". Circulation 2023; 147:e625-e626. [PMID: 36848408 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.061896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Du
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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48
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Liu Y, Xia Y, Yue T, Li F, Zhou A, Zhou X, Yao Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Adaptations to 4 weeks of high-intensity interval training in healthy adults with different training backgrounds. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:1283-1297. [PMID: 36795131 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05152-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the physical fitness and oxygen uptake kinetics ([Formula: see text]) along with the exercise-onset O2 delivery (heart rate kinetics, τHR; changes in normalized deoxyhemoglobin/[Formula: see text] ratio, Δ[HHb]/[Formula: see text]) adaptations of individuals with different physical activity (PA) backgrounds responding to 4 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and the possible effects of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) on training-induced adaptations. METHODS Twenty subjects (10 high-PA level, HIIT-H; 10 moderate-PA level, HIIT-M) engaged in 4 weeks of treadmill HIIT. Ramp-incremental (RI) test and step-transitions to moderate-intensity exercise were performed. Cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, muscle oxygenation status, VO2 and HR kinetics were assessed at baseline and post-training. RESULTS HIIT improved fitness status for HIIT-H ([Formula: see text], + 0.26 ± 0.07 L/min; SMM, + 0.66 ± 0.70 kg; body fat, - 1.52 ± 1.93 kg; [Formula: see text], - 7.11 ± 1.05 s, p < 0.05) and HIIT-M ([Formula: see text], 0.24 ± 0.07 L/min, SMM, + 0.58 ± 0.61 kg; body fat, - 1.64 ± 1.37 kg; [Formula: see text], - 5.48 ± 1.05 s, p < 0.05) except for visceral fat area (p = 0.293) without between-group differences (p > 0.05). Oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin amplitude during the RI test increased for both groups (p < 0.05) except for total hemoglobin (p = 0.179). The Δ[HHb]/[Formula: see text] overshoot was attenuated for both groups (p < 0.05) but only eliminated in HIIT-H (1.05 ± 0.14 to 0.92 ± 0.11), and no change was observed in τHR (p = 0.144). Linear mixed-effect models presented positive effects of SMM on absolute [Formula: see text] (p < 0.001) and ΔHHb (p = 0.034). CONCLUSION Four weeks of HIIT promoted positive adaptations in physical fitness and [Formula: see text] kinetics, with the peripheral adaptations attributing to the observed improvements. The training effects are similar between groups suggesting that HIIT is effective for reaching higher physical fitness levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Liu
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuncan Xia
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tian Yue
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fengya Li
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Aiyi Zhou
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhou
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yibing Yao
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yihong Zhang
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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49
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Rezende LFM, Wang Y, Ferrari G. Social Jet Lag, Weekend Warriors, and Physical Activity Patterns-Reply. JAMA Intern Med 2023; 183:87-88. [PMID: 36374490 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.5050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro F M Rezende
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Public Health Research Center, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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50
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Mu X, Liu S, Fu M, Luo M, Ding D, Chen L, Yu K. Associations of physical activity intensity with incident cardiovascular diseases and mortality among 366,566 UK adults. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:151. [PMID: 36514169 PMCID: PMC9745930 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01393-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations of the proportion of vigorous physical activity (VPA) to moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality are unclear. METHODS The present study included 366,566 participants (aged 40-69 years) without baseline CVD from the UK biobank during 2006 to 2010. Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risks of outcomes. RESULTS During a median 11.8 years of follow-up, among 366,566 participants (mean age [SD]: 56.0 [8.1]), 31,894 incident CVD and 19,823 total deaths were documented. Compared with no VPA, 0%-30% of VPA to MVPA was associated with 12% and 19% lower risks of incident CVD (HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.86-0.91]) and all-cause mortality (HR, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.78-0.84]), respectively. Furthermore, we found that the maximum reduction of risks of incident CVD and all-cause mortality occurred at performing approximately 30% of VPA to MVPA (P < 0.001). Compared with participants reporting the lowest levels of MVPA (moderate physical activity [MPA], 0-150 min/week; VPA, 0-75 min/week), those performing 150-300 min/week of MPA and ≥ 150 min/week of VPA experienced the lowest risk of incident CVD (HR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.79-0.95]) and all-cause mortality (HR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.63-0.80]). Interestingly, we found that smokers yielded more cardiovascular benefits than non-smokers by performing a higher volume of VPA. CONCLUSIONS Comparing with UK adults reporting no VPA, engaging in 30% of VPA was associated with the lowest risk of incident CVD and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanwen Mu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Shuangyan Liu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Mingjian Fu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Mengyun Luo
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XCharles Perkins Center, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ding Ding
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XCharles Perkins Center, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Liangkai Chen
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Kuai Yu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
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