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Zhang Q, Zhao Y, Luo Y, Guo S, Hou H, Han X, Zhou Y. Urinary exosomal miRNA-451a can be used as a potential noninvasive biomarker for diagnosis, reflecting tubulointerstitial damage and therapeutic response in IgA nephropathy. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2319326. [PMID: 38379319 PMCID: PMC10883088 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2319326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the potential clinical value of urinary exosomal (uE) miR-451a as a biomarker for IgAN, urinary exosomes were isolated from 40 patients with IgAN, 30 patients with primary renal diseases without IgA as disease controls (non-IgAN group) and 21 healthy controls (HCs). The expression of miR-451a within exosomes was examined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). uE miR-451a was significantly upregulated in patients with IgAN compared to non-IgAN and HCs. The uE miR-451a level was positively correlated with the change in eGFR and negatively correlated with serum creatinine, urinary macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). A dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that MIF was a direct target of miR-451a. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the expression of uE miR-451a showed potential diagnostic value for IgAN. Additionally, the uE miR-451a level could distinguish patients with IgAN with mild tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis from those with severe tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis. After a mean follow-up of 14.2 months, the levels of eGFR loss (ml/min/1.73 m2/year) were negatively correlated with baseline miR-451a. The levels of baseline miR-451a in the complete remission group were significantly higher than those in the non-complete remission group. uE miR-451a expression was significantly elevated in patients with IgA nephropathy and may serve as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of IgAN and evaluation of tubulointerstitial damage, while the baseline levels of uE miR-451a may be predictors of therapeutic efficacy and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Genetic Engineering Center for Experimental Animal Models, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Genetic Engineering Center for Experimental Animal Models, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yankun Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Genetic Engineering Center for Experimental Animal Models, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Songjia Guo
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Genetic Engineering Center for Experimental Animal Models, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Haizhu Hou
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Genetic Engineering Center for Experimental Animal Models, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoli Han
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Genetic Engineering Center for Experimental Animal Models, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Genetic Engineering Center for Experimental Animal Models, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Province Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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2
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Tsota M, Giardoglou P, Mentsiou-Nikolaou E, Symianakis P, Kalafati IP, Kyriazopoulou-Korovesi AA, Angelidakis L, Papaioannou M, Konstantaki C, Stamatelopoulos K, Dedoussis GV. Investigation of Antihypertensive Properties of Chios Mastic via Monitoring microRNA-21 Expression Levels in the Plasma of Well-Controlled Hypertensive Patients. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:33. [PMID: 38921830 PMCID: PMC11207086 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10030033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a chronic, multifactorial disease, leading to high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality globally. Despite the advantages of pharmaceutical treatments, natural products have gained scientific interest due to their emerging phytotherapeutic properties. Chios mastic is a natural Greek product, consisting of bioactive compounds which modify microRNAs' (small, expression-regulating molecules) expression. In this study, we investigated the antihypertensive properties of Chios mastic through the assessment of miR-21 levels. Herein, plasma samples of 57 individuals with hypertension, recruited for the purposes of the HYPER-MASTIC study, were analyzed. This was a clinical trial with Chios mastic supplements in which the patients were divided into groups receiving high and low mastic doses and placebo supplements, respectively. miR-21 was significantly upregulated in patients compared to normotensive individuals. Mean changes in miR-21 levels were statistically significant, after adjusting for sex and age, between the placebo and low-dose group and between the low- and high-dose group. Post-intervention miR-21 levels were positively associated with night-time systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, and central systolic mean arterial pressure and negatively associated with night-time pulse wave velocity in the low-dose group. Our findings suggest a potential implication of miR-21 in the association of Chios mastic with night-time blood pressure measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tsota
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (E.M.-N.)
| | - Panagiota Giardoglou
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (E.M.-N.)
| | - Evangelia Mentsiou-Nikolaou
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (E.M.-N.)
| | - Panagiotis Symianakis
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (E.M.-N.)
| | - Ioanna Panagiota Kalafati
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (E.M.-N.)
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.-A.K.-K.); (K.S.)
| | | | - Lasthenis Angelidakis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.-A.K.-K.); (K.S.)
| | - Maria Papaioannou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.-A.K.-K.); (K.S.)
| | - Christina Konstantaki
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.-A.K.-K.); (K.S.)
| | - HYPER-MASTIC Consortium
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (E.M.-N.)
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.-A.K.-K.); (K.S.)
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Kimon Stamatelopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.-A.K.-K.); (K.S.)
| | - George V. Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (M.T.); (E.M.-N.)
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3
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Lv B, He S, Li P, Jiang S, Li D, Lin J, Feinberg MW. MicroRNA-181 in cardiovascular disease: Emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23635. [PMID: 38690685 PMCID: PMC11068116 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400306r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) have attracted considerable attention for their roles in several cardiovascular disease states, including both the physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we will briefly describe microRNA-181 (miR-181) transcription and regulation and summarize recent findings on the roles of miR-181 family members as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in different cardiovascular-related conditions, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, hypertension, and heart failure. Lessons learned from these studies may provide new theoretical foundations for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shaolin He
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Peixin Li
- Second Clinical School, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shijiu Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Dazhu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jibin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mark W. Feinberg
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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4
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Salama RM, Eissa N, Doghish AS, Abulsoud AI, Abdelmaksoud NM, Mohammed OA, Abdel Mageed SS, Darwish SF. Decoding the secrets of longevity: unraveling nutraceutical and miRNA-Mediated aging pathways and therapeutic strategies. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1373741. [PMID: 38605867 PMCID: PMC11007187 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1373741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short RNA molecules that are not involved in coding for proteins. They have a significant function in regulating gene expression after the process of transcription. Their participation in several biological processes has rendered them appealing subjects for investigating age-related disorders. Increasing data indicates that miRNAs can be influenced by dietary variables, such as macronutrients, micronutrients, trace minerals, and nutraceuticals. This review examines the influence of dietary factors and nutraceuticals on the regulation of miRNA in relation to the process of aging. We examine the present comprehension of miRNA disruption in age-related illnesses and emphasize the possibility of dietary manipulation as a means of prevention or treatment. Consolidating animal and human research is essential to validate the significance of dietary miRNA control in living organisms, despite the abundance of information already provided by several studies. This review elucidates the complex interaction among miRNAs, nutrition, and aging, offering valuable insights into promising areas for further research and potential therapies for age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania M. Salama
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermin Eissa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed S. Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I. Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Osama A. Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif S. Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar F. Darwish
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Farrell CE, Liu X, Yagan NO, Suda AC, Cerqueira DM, Bodnar AJ, Kashlan OB, Subramanya AR, Ho J, Butterworth MB. MicroRNA-19 is regulated by aldosterone in a sex-specific manner to alter kidney sodium transport. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C282-C293. [PMID: 38047299 PMCID: PMC11192485 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00385.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
A key regulator of blood pressure homeostasis is the steroid hormone aldosterone, which is released as the final signaling hormone of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-signaling (RAAS) system. Aldosterone increases sodium (Na+) reabsorption in the kidney distal nephron to regulate blood volume. Unregulated RAAS signaling can lead to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The serum and glucocorticoid kinase (SGK1) coordinates much of the Na+ reabsorption in the cortical collecting duct (CCD) tubular epithelial cells. We previously demonstrated that aldosterone alters the expression of microRNAs (miRs) in CCD principal cells. The aldosterone-regulated miRs can modulate Na+ transport and the cellular response to aldosterone signaling. However, the sex-specific regulation of miRs by aldosterone in the kidney distal nephron has not been explored. In this study, we report that miR-19, part of the miR-17-92 cluster, is upregulated in female mouse CCD cells in response to aldosterone activation. Mir-19 binding to the 3'-untranslated region of SGK1 was confirmed using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Increasing miR-19 expression in CCD cells decreased SGK1 message and protein expression. Removal of this cluster using a nephron-specific, inducible knockout mouse model increased SGK1 expression in female mouse CCD cells. The miR-19-induced decrease in SGK1 protein expression reduced the response to aldosterone stimulation and may account for sex-specific differences in aldosterone signaling. By examining evolution of the miR-17-92 cluster, phylogenetic sequence analysis indicated that this cluster arose at the same time that other Na+-sparing and salt regulatory proteins, specifically SGK1, first emerged, indicating a conserved role for these miRs in kidney function of salt and water homeostasis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Expression of the microRNA-17-92 cluster is upregulated by aldosterone in mouse cortical collecting duct principal cells, exclusively in female mice. MiR-19 in this cluster targets the serum and glucocorticoid kinase (SGK1) to downregulate both mRNA and protein expression, resulting in a decrease in sodium transport across epithelial cells of the collecting duct. The miR-17-92 cluster is evolutionarily conserved and may act as a novel feedback regulator for aldosterone signaling in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne E Farrell
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Nejla Ozbaki Yagan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Amanda C Suda
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Debora M Cerqueira
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Andrew J Bodnar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Ossama B Kashlan
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Arohan R Subramanya
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Jacqueline Ho
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Michael B Butterworth
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
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6
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He SK, Wang JH, Li T, Yin S, Cui JW, Xiao YF, Tang Y, Wang J, Bai YJ. Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbance in kidney stone disease: a narrative review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1293685. [PMID: 38089624 PMCID: PMC10711275 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1293685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythm generated by circadian clock genes functions as an internal timing system. Since the circadian rhythm controls abundant physiological processes, the circadian rhythm evolved in organisms is salient for adaptation to environmental change. A disturbed circadian rhythm is a trigger for numerous pathological events. Recently, accumulated data have indicated that kidney stone disease (KSD) is related to circadian rhythm disturbance. However, the mechanism between them has not been fully elucidated. In this narrative review, we summarized existing evidence to illustrate the possible association between circadian rhythm disturbance and KSD based on the epidemiological studies and risk factors that are linked to circadian rhythm disturbance and discuss some chronotherapies for KSD. In summary, KSD is associated with systemic disorders. Metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and microbiome dysbiosis are the major risk factors supported by sufficient data to cause KSD in patients with circadian rhythm disturbance, while others including hypertension, vitamin D deficiency, parathyroid gland dysfunction, and renal tubular damage/dysfunction need further investigation. Then, some chronotherapies for KSD were confirmed to be effective, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ke He
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Hao Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shan Yin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jian-Wei Cui
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-Fei Xiao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Tang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-Jin Bai
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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7
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Franconi F, Capobianco G, Diana G, Lodde V, De Donno A, Idda ML, Montella A, Campesi I. Sex Influence on Autophagy Markers and miRNAs in Basal and Angiotensin II-Treated Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14929. [PMID: 37834376 PMCID: PMC10573886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) display many sex and gender differences, and endothelial dysfunction, angiotensin II (Ang II), and autophagy represent key factors in the autophagic process Therefore, we studied whether Ang II modulates the mentioned processes in a sex-specific way in HUVECs obtained from healthy male and female newborns. In basal HUVECs, the Parkin gene and protein were higher in FHUVECs than in MHUVECs, while the Beclin-1 protein was more expressed in MHUVECs, and no other significant differences were detected. Ang II significantly increases LAMP-1 and p62 protein expression and decreases the expression of Parkin protein in comparison to basal in MHUVECs. In FHUVECs, Ang II significantly increases the expression of Beclin-1 gene and protein, and Parkin gene. The LC3 II/I ratio and LAMP-1 protein were significantly higher in MHUVECs than in FHUVECs, while Parkin protein was significantly more expressed in Ang II-treated FHUVECs than in male cells. Ang II affects the single miRNA levels: miR-126-3p and miR-133a-3p are downregulated and upregulated in MHUVECs and FHUVECs, respectively. MiR-223 is downregulated in MHUVEC and FHUVECs. Finally, miR-29b-3p and miR-133b are not affected by Ang II. Ang II effects and the relationship between miRNAs and organelles-specific autophagy is sex-dependent in HUVECs. This could lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying sex differences in endothelial dysfunction, providing useful indications for innovative biomarkers and personalized therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Franconi
- Laboratory of Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Giampiero Capobianco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Gynecologic and Obstetric Clinic, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.C.); (A.D.D.)
| | - Giuseppe Diana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy (V.L.)
| | - Valeria Lodde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy (V.L.)
| | - Alberto De Donno
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Gynecologic and Obstetric Clinic, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.C.); (A.D.D.)
| | - Maria Laura Idda
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Andrea Montella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy (V.L.)
| | - Ilaria Campesi
- Laboratory of Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy (V.L.)
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8
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MacKenzie SM, Birch LA, Lamprou S, Rezvanisanijouybari P, Fayad M, Zennaro MC, Davies E. MicroRNAs in aldosterone production and action. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2023; 124:137-163. [PMID: 38408798 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Aldosterone is a cardiovascular hormone with a key role in blood pressure regulation, among other processes, mediated through its targeting of the mineralocorticoid receptor in the renal tubule and selected other tissues. Its secretion from the adrenal gland is a highly controlled process subject to regulatory influence from the renin-angiotensin system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. MicroRNAs are small endogenous non-coding RNA molecules capable of regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally through stimulation of mRNA degradation or suppression of translation. Several studies have now identified that microRNA levels are changed in cases of aldosterone dysregulation and that microRNAs are capable of regulating the expression of various genes involved in aldosterone production and action. In this article we summarise the major studies concerning this topic. We also discuss the potential role for circulating microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for primary aldosteronism, a highly treatable form of secondary hypertension, which would be highly desirable given the current underdiagnosis of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M MacKenzie
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
| | - Lara A Birch
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stelios Lamprou
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Parisa Rezvanisanijouybari
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - May Fayad
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Université Paris Cité, PARCC, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Maria-Christina Zennaro
- Université Paris Cité, PARCC, INSERM, Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service de Génétique, Paris, France
| | - Eleanor Davies
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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9
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Piko N, Bevc S, Hojs R, Ekart R. Atherosclerosis and Epigenetic Modifications in Chronic Kidney Disease. Nephron Clin Pract 2023; 147:655-659. [PMID: 37459841 DOI: 10.1159/000531292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide, with prevalence currently projected at 10% and rising. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in CKD patients and is integrally linked with atherogenesis and vascular stiffness. Estimated glomerular filtration rate and the level of proteinuria are not only markers of kidney function but of cardiovascular risk, as well. Despite the efforts, CKD patients still experience excessive cardiovascular burden. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (18-24 nucleotides), single-stranded non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by blocking messenger RNA (mRNA) translation and initiating degradation of mRNA. Studies have confirmed the imperative role of miRNA dysregulation in the pathophysiology of several diseases, including atherosclerosis and CKD. This article summarizes what is currently known about the role of miRNAs in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejc Piko
- Department of Dialysis, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Sebastjan Bevc
- Department of Nephrology, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Radovan Hojs
- Department of Nephrology, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Robert Ekart
- Department of Dialysis, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
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10
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Saenz-Pipaon G, Dichek DA. Targeting and delivery of microRNA-targeting antisense oligonucleotides in cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerosis 2023; 374:44-54. [PMID: 36577600 PMCID: PMC10277317 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Discovered three decades ago, microRNAs (miRNAs) are now recognized as key players in the pathophysiology of multiple human diseases, including those affecting the cardiovascular system. As such, miRNAs have emerged as promising therapeutic targets for preventing the onset and/or progression of several cardiovascular diseases. Anti-miRNA antisense oligonucleotides or "antagomirs" precisely block the activity of specific miRNAs and are therefore a promising therapeutic strategy to repress pathological miRNAs. In this review, we describe advancements in antisense oligonucleotide chemistry that have significantly improved efficacy and safety. Moreover, we summarize recent approaches for the targeted delivery of antagomirs to cardiovascular tissues, highlighting major advantages as well as limitations of viral (i.e., adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, and lentivirus) and non-viral (i.e., liposomes, extracellular vesicles, and polymer nanoparticles) delivery systems. We discuss recent preclinical studies that use targeted antagomir delivery systems to treat three major cardiovascular diseases (atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac hypertrophy, including hypertrophy caused by hypertension), highlighting therapeutic results and discussing challenges that limit clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goren Saenz-Pipaon
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA
| | - David A Dichek
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA.
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11
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Toffoli B, Tonon F, Giudici F, Ferretti T, Ghirigato E, Contessa M, Francica M, Candido R, Puato M, Grillo A, Fabris B, Bernardi S. Preliminary Study on the Effect of a Night Shift on Blood Pressure and Clock Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119309. [PMID: 37298261 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Night shift work has been found to be associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. One of the underlying mechanisms seems to be that shift work promotes hypertension, but results have been variable. This cross-sectional study was carried out in a group of internists with the aim of performing a paired analysis of 24 h blood pressure in the same physicians working a day shift and then a night shift, and a paired analysis of clock gene expression after a night of rest and a night of work. Each participant wore an ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM) twice. The first time was for a 24 h period that included a 12 h day shift (08.00-20.00) and a night of rest. The second time was for a 30 h period that included a day of rest, a night shift (20.00-08.00), and a subsequent period of rest (08.00-14.00). Subjects underwent fasting blood sampling twice: after the night of rest and after the night shift. Night shift work significantly increased night systolic blood pressure (SBP), night diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) and decreased their respective nocturnal decline. Clock gene expression increased after the night shift. There was a direct association between night blood pressure and clock gene expression. Night shifts lead to an increase in blood pressure, non-dipping status, and circadian rhythm misalignment. Blood pressure is associated with clock genes and circadian rhythm misalignement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Toffoli
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Tonon
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabiola Giudici
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Tommaso Ferretti
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Ghirigato
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Matilde Contessa
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Morena Francica
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Candido
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- SC Patologie Diabetiche, ASUGI, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Massimo Puato
- SSD Angiologia e Fisiologia Clinica Vascolare Multidisciplinare Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Grillo
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- UCO Medicina Clinica, ASUGI Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Bruno Fabris
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- UCO Medicina Clinica, ASUGI Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stella Bernardi
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- UCO Medicina Clinica, ASUGI Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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12
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Sinha N, Puri V, Kumar V, Nada R, Rastogi A, Jha V, Puri S. Urinary exosomal miRNA-663a shows variable expression in diabetic kidney disease patients with or without proteinuria. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4516. [PMID: 36934129 PMCID: PMC10024703 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity in the Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) diagnosis makes its rational therapeutics challenging. Although albuminuria characterizes DKD, reports also indicate its prevalence among non-proteinuric. Recent understanding of disease progression has thus inclined the focus on proximal tubular cell damage besides the glomeruli. A non-invasive approach exploiting exosomal miRNA derived from human kidney proximal tubular cell line was, hence, targeted. Upon miRNA profiling, three miRNAs, namely, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-28-3p, and hsa-miR-425-5p were found to be significantly upregulated, while hsa-miR-663a was downregulated under diabetic conditions. Among these, hsa-miR-663a downregulation was more pronounced in non-proteinuric than proteinuric DKD subjects and was thus selected for the bioinformatics study. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) narrowed on to IL-8 signaling and inflammatory response as the most enriched 'canonical pathway' and 'disease pathway' respectively, during DKD. Further, the putative gene network generated from these enriched pathways revealed experimentally induced diabetes, renal tubular injury, and decreased levels of albumin as part of mapping under 'disease and function'. Genes target predictions and annotations by IPA reiterated miR-663a's role in the pathogenesis of DKD following tubular injury. Overall, the observations might offer an indirect reflection of the underlying mechanism between patients who develop proteinuria and non-proteinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Sinha
- Centre for Stem Cell Tissue Engineering and Biomedical Excellence, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Nephrology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Veena Puri
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Department of Nephrology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ritambhra Nada
- Department of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashu Rastogi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vivekanand Jha
- The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sanjeev Puri
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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Khatami A, Taghizadieh M, Sadri Nahand J, Karimzadeh M, Kiani SJ, Khanaliha K, Kalantari S, Chavoshpour S, Mirzaei H, Donyavi T, Bokharaei-Salim F. Evaluation of MicroRNA Expression Pattern (miR-28, miR-181a, miR-34a, and miR-31) in Patients with COVID-19 Admitted to ICU and Diabetic COVID-19 Patients. Intervirology 2023; 66:63-76. [PMID: 36882006 PMCID: PMC10308556 DOI: 10.1159/000529985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs, or miRNAs, with regulatory performance in inflammatory responses and infection are the prevalent manifestations of severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This study aimed to evaluate whether PBMC miRNAs are diagnostic biomarkers to screen the ICU COVID-19 and diabetic COVID-19 subjects. METHODS Candidate miRNAs were selected through previous studies, and then the PBMC levels of selected miRNAs (miR-28, miR-31, miR-34a, and miR-181a) were measured via quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The diagnostic value of miRNAs was determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The bioinformatics analysis was utilized to predict the DEM genes and relevant bio-functions. RESULTS The COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU had significantly greater levels of selected miRNAs compared to non-hospitalized COVID-19 and healthy people. Besides, the mean miR-28 and miR-34a expression levels in the diabetic COVID-19 group were significantly upregulated when compared with the non-diabetic COVID-19 group. ROC analyses demonstrated the role of miR-28, miR-34a, and miR-181a as new biomarkers to discriminate the non-hospitalized COVID-19 group from the COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU samples, and also miR-34a can probably act as a useful biomarker for screening diabetic COVID-19 patients. Using bioinformatics analyses, we found the performance of target transcripts in many bioprocesses and diverse metabolic routes such as the regulation of multiple inflammatory parameters. DISCUSSION The difference in miRNA expression patterns between the studied groups suggested that miR-28, miR-34a, and miR-181a could be helpful as potent biomarkers for diagnosing and controlling COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- AliReza Khatami
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghizadieh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,
| | - Mohammad Karimzadeh
- Core Research Facilities (CRF), Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Kiani
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Khanaliha
- Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Kalantari
- Departments of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Chavoshpour
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Tahereh Donyavi
- Medical Biotechnology Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farah Bokharaei-Salim
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Tepus M, Tonoli E, Verderio EAM. Molecular profiling of urinary extracellular vesicles in chronic kidney disease and renal fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1041327. [PMID: 36712680 PMCID: PMC9877239 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1041327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a long-term kidney damage caused by gradual loss of essential kidney functions. A global health issue, CKD affects up to 16% of the population worldwide. Symptoms are often not apparent in the early stages, and if left untreated, CKD can progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), also known as kidney failure, when the only possible treatments are dialysis and kidney transplantation. The end point of nearly all forms of CKD is kidney fibrosis, a process of unsuccessful wound-healing of kidney tissue. Detection of kidney fibrosis, therefore, often means detection of CKD. Renal biopsy remains the best test for renal scarring, despite being intrinsically limited by its invasiveness and sampling bias. Urine is a desirable source of fibrosis biomarkers as it can be easily obtained in a non-invasive way and in large volumes. Besides, urine contains biomolecules filtered through the glomeruli, mirroring the pathological state. There is, however, a problem of highly abundant urinary proteins that can mask rare disease biomarkers. Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs), which originate from renal cells and carry proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, are an attractive source of potential rare CKD biomarkers. Their cargo consists of low-abundant proteins but highly concentrated in a nanosize-volume, as well as molecules too large to be filtered from plasma. Combining molecular profiling data (protein and miRNAs) of uEVs, isolated from patients affected by various forms of CKD, this review considers the possible diagnostic and prognostic value of uEVs biomarkers and their potential application in the translation of new experimental antifibrotic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Tepus
- Centre for Health, Ageing and the Understanding of Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa Tonoli
- Centre for Health, Ageing and the Understanding of Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabetta A. M. Verderio
- Centre for Health, Ageing and the Understanding of Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom,Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy,*Correspondence: Elisabetta A. M. Verderio,
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15
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Chew NWS, Loong SSE, Foo R. Progress in molecular biology and translational science: Epigenetics in cardiovascular health and disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 197:105-134. [PMID: 37019589 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Conrad Waddington's epigenetics landscape has provided a metaphorical framework for how cells progress from undifferentiated states to one of several discrete, distinct, differentiated cell fates. The understanding of epigenetics has evolved over time, with DNA methylation being the most studied epigenetic modification, followed by histone modifications and non-coding RNA. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are leading contributors to death worldwide, with the prevalence of CVDs increasing across the last couple of decades. Significant amount of resources being poured into researching key mechanisms and underpinnings of the various CVDs. These molecular studies looked at the genetics, epigenetics as well as the transcriptomics of various cardiovascular conditions, aiming to provide mechanistic insights. It has paved the way for therapeutics to be developed and in recent years, epi-drugs for the treatment of CVDs. This chapter aims to cover the various roles of epigenetics in the context of cardiovascular health and disease. The following will be examined in detail: the developments in basic experimental techniques used to study epigenetics, the role of epigenetics in various CVDs (hypertension, atrial fibrillation, atherosclerosis, and heart failure), and current advances in epi-therapeutics, providing a holistic view of the current concerted efforts in advancing the field of epigenetics in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W S Chew
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Shaun S E Loong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger Foo
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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16
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Reis-Ferreira A, Neto-Mendes J, Brás-Silva C, Lobo L, Fontes-Sousa AP. Emerging Roles of Micrornas in Veterinary Cardiology. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9100533. [PMID: 36288146 PMCID: PMC9607079 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9100533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary MicroRNAs are promising novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. These molecules are defined as a class of short-sequence non-coding RNAs that influence the expression of numerous genes. The growing understanding of cardiac biology contributed to recognising specific abnormal microRNA expression when diseases are present, which makes them potential biomarkers and therapeutical targets. Recent studies have analysed and discussed microRNA expression in cardiac diseases, such as myxomatous mitral valve disease, which are prevalent in our animal companions. This review summarises the most relevant microRNAs related to cardiovascular diseases in dogs and cats. In addition, it describes microRNA’s basic biology and function and discusses their potential as circulating biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and monitorisation of treatment, as well as their limitations. Although current studies describe microRNA expression in veterinary cardiology, further work is warranted before they are implemented in the clinical setting. Abstract Over the last years, the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs) has increasingly been recognised. Each miRNA is a short sequence of non-coding RNA that influences countless genes’ expression and, thereby, contributes to several physiological pathways and diseases. It has been demonstrated that miRNAs participate in the development of many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review synopsises the most recent studies emphasising miRNA’s influence in several CVDs affecting dogs and cats. It provides a concise outline of miRNA’s biology and function, the diagnostic potential of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers, and their role in different CVDs. It also discusses known and future roles for miRNAs as potential clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets. So, this review gives a comprehensive outline of the most relevant miRNAs related to CVDs in Veterinary Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Reis-Ferreira
- Hospital Veterinário do Porto, Travessa Silva Porto 174, 4250-475 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-UP, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Neto-Mendes
- ICBAS-UP, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Brás-Silva
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lobo
- Hospital Veterinário do Porto, Travessa Silva Porto 174, 4250-475 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4480-009 Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Ana Patrícia Fontes-Sousa
- ICBAS-UP, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Universidade do Porto, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- UPVET, Hospital Veterinário da Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 132, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Association of H-Type Hypertension with miR-21, miR-29, and miR-199 in Kazahks of Xinjiang, China. Int J Hypertens 2022; 2022:4632087. [PMID: 36200021 PMCID: PMC9529513 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4632087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to analyze the expressions of miR-21, miR-29, and miR-199 in the serum of the patients with H-type hypertension among Kazakhs. Then, we analyzed the effect of MTHFR 677C > T polymorphism on the association between the above miRNA and H-type hypertension. Method In this study, the expression of miR-21, miR-29, and miR-199 was quantitatively measured in 120 serum samples and then stratified according to the C677T polymorphism to analyze the relationship between target miRNAs and HHcy. Results The expression of miR-21/-29 in the hypertension group was higher than the normal group (P < 0.001). And the expression of miR-199 was higher in the hcy group than in the normal group (P < 0.001). In the CC and CT genotypes of MTHFR 677C > T, the expression of miR-21 was lower in the HHcy patients than in the normal individuals (P = 0.005 and P = 0.001) and miR-199 was significantly higher in the HHcy patients than in the normal ones (P = 0.002 and P = 0.048). No such difference was found in the TT genotype. Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for sex, age, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and MTHFRC677 T gene polymorphism, miR-21 was negatively correlated with hcy (OR = 0.222, 95% CI (0.101–0.485), P < 0.001) and miR-199 was positively correlated with hcy (OR = 1.823,95%CI (1.272∼2.614), P = 0.001). Conclusion miR-21, miR-29, and miR-199 are associated with H-type hypertension in the Kazakhs, especially hyperhomocysteinemia. And these three miRNAs may serve as biomarkers to provide clues to the potential pathogenesis of H-type hypertension.
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18
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Da-Silva CCS, Anauate AC, Guirao TP, Novaes ADS, Maquigussa E, Boim MA. Analysis of exosome-derived microRNAs as early biomarkers of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury in rats. Front Physiol 2022; 13:944864. [PMID: 36091362 PMCID: PMC9462429 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.944864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis contributes to the high prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI), which mainly occurs in hospitalized patients. The delay in AKI detection is a risk factor for death and chronicity; thus, early diagnosis is essential for initiating proper treatment strategies. Although serum creatinine is used as biomarker, it is increased in plasma serum creatinine only at late stages of AKI. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of noncoding RNAs responsible for gene regulation, can be found in biological fluids within vesicles such as exosomes and may be promising tools for the early detection of AKI. We aimed to identify potential blood miRNAs that can be used as early biomarkers of sepsis-induced AKI in rats. Adult male Wistar rats received a single dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The earliest significant increase in serum creatinine was detected 4 h after LPS administration. To evaluate whether miRNAs could act as early biomarkers, blood samples were collected before and 2 h after LPS infusion. Serum NGAL levels were used as a comparative marker. Serum miRNAs were derived from exosomes, and their expression were evaluated by the PCR array. miR-181a-5p and miR-23b-3p showed higher expression in LPS-treated rats than in the control animals (p < 0.05). Bioinformatics analysis showed that both miRNAs target molecules associated with transcription factors that regulate genes related to proinflammatory cytokines. Considering that LPS activates transcription factors that lead to the production of proinflammatory cytokines, possible premature changes in the serum levels of miR-181a-5p and miR-23b-3p may be used to identify sepsis-induced AKI earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Carolina Anauate
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de SP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edgar Maquigussa
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de SP, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program of Health and Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Edgar Maquigussa,
| | - Mirian Aparecida Boim
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de SP, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program of Health and Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil
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Ali F, Khan A, Muhammad SA, Abbas SQ, Hassan SSU, Bungau S. Genome-wide Meta-analysis Reveals New Gene Signatures and Potential Drug Targets of Hypertension. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:22754-22772. [PMID: 35811894 PMCID: PMC9260904 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension reported around the world is increasing and is an important public health challenge. This study was designed to explore the disease's genetic variations and to identify new hypertension-related genes and target proteins. We analyzed 22 publicly available Affymetrix cDNA datasets of hypertension using an integrated system-level framework involving differential expression genetic (DEG) analysis, data mining, gene enrichment, protein-protein interaction, microRNA analysis, toxicogenomics, gene regulation, molecular docking, and simulation studies. We found potential DEGs after screening out the extracellular proteins. We studied the functional role of seven shortlisted DEGs (ADM, EDN1, ANGPTL4, NFIL3, MSR1, CEBPD, and USP8) in hypertension after disease gene curation analysis. The expression profiling and cluster analysis showed significant variations and enriched GO terms. hsa-miR-365a-3p, hsa-miR-2052, hsa-miR-3065-3p, hsa-miR-603, hsa-miR-7113-3p, hsa-miR-3923, and hsa-miR-524-5p were identified as hypertension-associated miRNA targets for each gene using computational algorithms. We found functional interactions of source DEGs with target and important gene signatures including EGFR, AGT, AVP, APOE, RHOA, SRC, APOB, STAT3, UBC, LPL, APOA1, and AKT1 associated with the disease. These DEGs are mainly involved in fatty acid metabolism, myometrial pathways, MAPK, and G-alpha signaling pathways linked with hypertension pathogenesis. We predicted significantly disordered regions of 71.2, 48.8, and 45.4% representing the mutation in the sequence of NFIL3, USP8, and ADM, respectively. Regulation of gene expression was performed to find upregulated genes. Molecular docking analysis was used to evaluate Food and Drug Administration-approved medicines against the four DEGs that were overexpressed. For each elevated target protein, the three best drug candidates were chosen. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation using the target's active sites for 100 ns was used to validate these 12 complexes after docking. This investigation establishes the worth of systems genetics for finding four possible genes as potential drug targets for hypertension. These network-based approaches are significant for finding genetic variant data, which will advance the understanding of how to hasten the identification of drug targets and improve the understanding regarding the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Ali
- Riphah
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah
International University, Islamabad, 44000 Pakistan
- Department
of Pharmacy, Kohat University of science
and technology, Kohat, 26000 Pakistan
| | - Arifullah Khan
- Riphah
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah
International University, Islamabad, 44000 Pakistan
| | - Syed Aun Muhammad
- Institute
of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800 Pakistan
| | - Syed Qamar Abbas
- Department
of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science
and Technology, Peshawar 24840, Pakistan
| | - Syed Shams ul Hassan
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of
Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
- Department
of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
- Doctoral
School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
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20
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MacLachlan R, Kehoe PG, Miners JS. Dysregulation of ACE-1 in normal aging and the early stages of Alzheimer's disease. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:1775-1783. [PMID: 35396835 PMCID: PMC9434468 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An imbalance in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is associated with cognitive decline and disease pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we have investigated changes in the brain angiotensin-converting enzyme-1 (ACE-1) and angiotensin-II (Ang-II), and the counter-regulatory angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2), in the frontal and temporal cortex during normal aging and in the early stages of AD. We studied a cohort of normal aging (n=121) (19-95y age-at-death) from the Sudden Death Brain Bank, University of Edinburgh, UK, and AD and age-matched controls (n=60) from the South West Dementia Brain Bank, University of Bristol, UK, stratified according to Braak tangle stage (BS): 0-II, III-IV (intermediate disease) and V-VI (end-stage disease). ACE-1 and ACE-2 enzyme activity were measured using fluorogenic peptide activity assays. ACE-1, ACE-2, and angiotensin-II (Ang-II) protein level was measured by ELISA. In both regions, ACE-1 protein and Ang-II levels correlated positively with age whereas ACE-1 enzyme activity was inversely related to age. ACE-1 protein correlated positively with Ang-II, whilst ACE-1 activity correlated inversely with Ang-II in normal ageing. ACE-1 enzyme activity was elevated at an early/intermediate stage i.e. BS III-IV compared to BS 0-II in the temporal cortex in AD. ACE-2 protein and enzyme activity were unchanged with aging and in AD. In conclusion, ACE-1 activity is induced in the early stages of AD independently from normal physiological age-related changes in ACE-1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert MacLachlan
- Dementia Research Group, Clinical Neurosciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Southmead Hospital, BS10 5NB, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Gavin Kehoe
- Dementia Research Group, Clinical Neurosciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Southmead Hospital, BS10 5NB, United Kingdom
| | - J Scott Miners
- Dementia Research Group, Clinical Neurosciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Southmead Hospital, BS10 5NB, United Kingdom
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21
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Ionescu RF, Enache RM, Cretoiu SM, Cretoiu D. The Interplay Between Gut Microbiota and miRNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:856901. [PMID: 35369298 PMCID: PMC8965857 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.856901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota contains microorganisms found on the skin, mucosal surfaces and in other tissues. The major component, the gut microbiota, can be influenced by diet, genetics, and environmental factors. Any change in its composition results in pathophysiological changes that can further influence the evolution of different conditions, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The microbiome is a complex ecosystem and can be considered the metagenome of the microbiota. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are speculated to interact with the intestinal microbiota for modulating gene expressions of the host. miRNAs represent a category of small non-coding RNAs, consisting of approximately 22 nucleotides, which can regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level, by influencing the degradation of mRNA and modifying protein amounts. miRNAs display a multitude of roles, being able to influence the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases. Circulating miRNAs are stable against degradation, due to their enclosure into extracellular vesicles (EVs). This review aims to assess the current knowledge of the possible interactions between gut microbiota, miRNAs, and CVDs. As more scientific research is conducted, it can be speculated that personalized patient care in the future may include the management of gut microbiota composition and the targeted treatment against certain expression of miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Mihai Enache
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sanda Maria Cretoiu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- *Correspondence: Sanda Maria Cretoiu ;
| | - Dragos Cretoiu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Bucharest, Romania
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22
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Su CT, See DHW, Huang JW. Lipid-Based Nanocarriers in Renal RNA Therapy. Biomedicines 2022; 10:283. [PMID: 35203492 PMCID: PMC8869454 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease is a multifactorial problem, with a growing prevalence and an increasing global burden. With the latest worldwide data suggesting that chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the 12th leading cause of death, it is no surprise that CKD remains a public health problem that requires urgent attention. Multiple factors contribute to kidney disease, each with its own pathophysiology and pathogenesis. Furthermore, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to several types of kidney diseases. As dysregulation of miRNAs is often seen in some diseases, there is potential in the exploitation of this for therapeutic applications. In addition, uptake of interference RNA has been shown to be rapid in kidneys making them a good candidate for RNA therapy. The latest advancements in RNA therapy and lipid-based nanocarriers have enhanced the effectiveness and efficiency of RNA-related drugs, thereby making RNA therapy a viable treatment option for renal disease. This is especially useful for renal diseases, for which a suitable treatment is not yet available. Moreover, the high adaptability of RNA therapy combined with the low risk of lipid-based nanocarriers make for an attractive treatment choice. Currently, there are only a small number of RNA-based drugs related to renal parenchymal disease, most of which are in different stages of clinical trials. We propose the use of miRNAs or short interfering RNAs coupled with a lipid-based nanocarrier as a delivery vehicle for managing renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ting Su
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Centre, Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (C.-T.S.); (D.H.W.S.)
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu 640, Taiwan
| | - Daniel H. W. See
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Centre, Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (C.-T.S.); (D.H.W.S.)
| | - Jenq-Wen Huang
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu 640, Taiwan
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23
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Yang K, Lv T, Wu J, Zhang X, Xue Y, Yu P, Liu Q. The Protective Effect of Electroacupuncture on the Renal Cortex of SHR: A Metabonomic Analysis. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5338. [PMID: 35028961 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension will affect multiple organs in the body during the development of the disease. The antihypertensive effect of acupuncture on hypertension has been confirmed. The study of how the protective effect of electroacupuncture on the renal cortex of SHR is achieved has not yet been studied. The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of electroacupuncture on the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and the impact on metabolites in the renal cortex, looking for potential differential metabolites, and then proceeding to the next step of exploratory research. In the experiment, the experimental animals were divided into four groups: Control group, Model group, Electroacupuncture group, Losartan Potassium group, and electroacupuncture on bilateral Taichong (LR3) and Zusanli (ST36) lasted for 3 weeks, and the renal cortex was collected for metabonomics research. UHPLC-MS was used to analyze the changes in the metabolic spectrum of renal cortex tissue. The results showed that electroacupuncture can significantly reduce the blood pressure of SHR. A total of 12 metabolites have changed significantly in the comparison between each group and Model group. The possible mechanism is that the primary bile acid biosynthesis, bile secretion, tryptophan metabolism and other metabolic pathways affect the renal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezhen Yang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Taotao Lv
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaojuan Wu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjun Xue
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Pengcheng Yu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingguo Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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24
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Gabryelska A, Turkiewicz S, Karuga FF, Sochal M, Strzelecki D, Białasiewicz P. Disruption of Circadian Rhythm Genes in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients-Possible Mechanisms Involved and Clinical Implication. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020709. [PMID: 35054894 PMCID: PMC8775490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent pauses in breathing caused by the collapse of the upper airways, which results in intermittent hypoxia and arousals during the night. The disorder is associated with a vast number of comorbidities affecting different systems, including cardiovascular, metabolic, psychiatric, and neurological complications. Due to abnormal sleep architecture, OSA patients are at high risk of circadian clock disruption, as has been reported in several recent studies. The circadian clock affects almost all daily behavioral patterns, as well as a plethora of physiological processes, and might be one of the key factors contributing to OSA complications. An intricate interaction between the circadian clock and hypoxia may further affect these processes, which has a strong foundation on the molecular level. Recent studies revealed an interaction between hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a key regulator of oxygen metabolism, and elements of circadian clocks. This relationship has a strong base in the structure of involved elements, as HIF-1 as well as PER, CLOCK, and BMAL, belong to the same Per-Arnt-Sim domain family. Therefore, this review summarizes the available knowledge on the molecular mechanism of circadian clock disruption and its influence on the development and progression of OSA comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Gabryelska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (F.F.K.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-660796004
| | - Szymon Turkiewicz
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (F.F.K.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Filip Franciszek Karuga
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (F.F.K.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Marcin Sochal
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (F.F.K.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Dominik Strzelecki
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Piotr Białasiewicz
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (F.F.K.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
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25
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Rahul K, Kumar S, Kumar B, Chaudhary V. Circulating microRNAs as potential novel biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases: Emerging role, biogenesis, current knowledge, therapeutics and the road ahead. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR ACADEMY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/ijca.ijca_8_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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26
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Ali F, Shen A, Islam W, Saleem MZ, Muthu R, Xie Q, Wu M, Cheng Y, Chu J, Lin W, Peng J. Role of MicroRNAs and their corresponding ACE2/Apelin signaling pathways in hypertension. Microb Pathog 2021; 162:105361. [PMID: 34919993 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is controlled via the alteration of microRNAs (miRNAs), their therapeutic targets angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R) and cross talk of signaling pathways. The stimulation of the Ang II/AT1R pathway by deregulation of miRNAs, has also been linked to cardiac remodeling as well as the pathophysiology of high blood pressure. As miRNAs have been associated to ACE2/Apelin and Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling, it has revealed an utmost protective impact over hypertension and cardiovascular system. The ACE2-coupled intermodulation between RAAS, Apelin system, MAPK signaling pathways, and miRNAs reveal the practicalities of high blood pressure. The research of miRNAs may ultimately lead to the expansion of an innovative treatment strategy for hypertension, which indicates the need to explore them further at the molecular level. Therefore, here we have focused on the mechanistic importance of miRNAs in hypertension, ACE2/Apelin signaling as well as their biological functions, with a focus on interplay and crosstalk between ACE2/Apelin signaling, miRNAs, and hypertension, and the progress in miRNA-based diagnostic techniques with the goal of facilitating the development of new hypertension-controlling therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farman Ali
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Waqar Islam
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | | | - Ragunath Muthu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Qiurong Xie
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Meizhu Wu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Jiangfeng Chu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Chen Keji Academic Thought Inheritance Studio, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China.
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27
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Arghiani N, Nissan T, Matin MM. Role of microRNAs in COVID-19 with implications for therapeutics. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112247. [PMID: 34601190 PMCID: PMC8463393 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a pneumonia-like disease with highly transmittable and pathogenic properties caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which infects both animals and humans. Although many efforts are currently underway to test possible therapies, there is no specific FDA approved drug against SARS-CoV-2 yet. miRNA-directed gene regulation controls the majority of biological processes. In addition, the development and progression of several human diseases are associated with dysregulation of miRNAs. In this regard, it has been shown that changes in miRNAs are linked to severity of COVID-19 especially in patients with respiratory diseases, diabetes, heart failure or kidney problems. Therefore, targeting these small noncoding-RNAs could potentially alleviate complications from COVID-19. Here, we will review the roles and importance of host and RNA virus encoded miRNAs in COVID-19 pathogenicity and immune response. Then, we focus on potential miRNA therapeutics in the patients who are at increased risk for severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Arghiani
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, the Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; School of Life Science, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Tracy Nissan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, the Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; School of Life Science, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom.
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran.
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28
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Improta-Caria AC, Aras MG, Nascimento L, De Sousa RAL, Aras-Júnior R, Souza BSDF. MicroRNAs Regulating Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, Sympathetic Nervous System and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Systemic Arterial Hypertension. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121771. [PMID: 34944415 PMCID: PMC8698399 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene and protein expression. MicroRNAs also regulate several cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle, apoptosis, among others. In this context, they play important roles in the human body and in the pathogenesis of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, obesity and hypertension. In hypertension, microRNAs act on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, sympathetic nervous system and left ventricular hypertrophy, however the signaling pathways that interact in these processes and are regulated by microRNAs inducing hypertension and the worsening of the disease still need to be elucidated. Thus, the aim of this review is to analyze the pattern of expression of microRNAs in these processes and the possible associated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Cleber Improta-Caria
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-100, Brazil;
- Department of Physical Education in Cardiology of the State of Bahia, Brazilian Society of Cardiology, Salvador 41170-130, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
- Correspondence: (A.C.I.-C.); (B.S.d.F.S.)
| | - Marcela Gordilho Aras
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-100, Brazil; (M.G.A.); (L.N.)
| | - Luca Nascimento
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-100, Brazil; (M.G.A.); (L.N.)
| | | | - Roque Aras-Júnior
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-100, Brazil;
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-100, Brazil; (M.G.A.); (L.N.)
| | - Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Salvador 22281-100, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
- Correspondence: (A.C.I.-C.); (B.S.d.F.S.)
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29
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Paterson MR, Jackson KL, Dona MSI, Farrugia GE, Visniauskas B, Watson AMD, Johnson C, Prieto MC, Evans RG, Charchar F, Pinto AR, Marques FZ, Head GA. Deficiency of MicroRNA-181a Results in Transcriptome-Wide Cell-Specific Changes in the Kidney and Increases Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2021; 78:1322-1334. [PMID: 34538100 PMCID: PMC8573069 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine R. Paterson
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kristy L. Jackson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Drug Discovery Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University Parkville, Australia
| | - Malathi S. I. Dona
- Cardiac Cellular Systems Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gabriella E. Farrugia
- Cardiac Cellular Systems Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bruna Visniauskas
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, the USA
| | - Anna M. D. Watson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chad Johnson
- Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Minolfa C. Prieto
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, the USA
| | - Roger G. Evans
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fadi Charchar
- Health Innovation and Transformation Centre, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alexander R. Pinto
- Drug Discovery Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Francine Z. Marques
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A. Head
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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30
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Arishe OO, Priviero F, Wilczynski SA, Webb RC. Exosomes as Intercellular Messengers in Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111685. [PMID: 34769116 PMCID: PMC8583750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
People living with hypertension have a higher risk of developing heart diseases, and hypertension remains a top cause of mortality. In hypertension, some detrimental changes occur in the arterial wall, which include physiological and biochemical changes. Furthermore, this disease is characterized by turbulent blood flow, increased fluid shear stress, remodeling of the blood vessels, and endothelial dysfunction. As a complex disease, hypertension is thought to be caused by an array of factors, its etiology consisting of both environmental and genetic factors. The Mosaic Theory of hypertension states that many factors, including genetics, environment, adaptive, neural, mechanical, and hormonal perturbations are intertwined, leading to increases in blood pressure. Long-term efforts by several investigators have provided invaluable insight into the physiological mechanisms responsible for the pathogenesis of hypertension, and these include increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system, overactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), dysfunction of the vascular endothelium, impaired platelet function, thrombogenesis, vascular smooth muscle and cardiac hypertrophy, and altered angiogenesis. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by all cells and carry nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and metabolites into the extracellular environment. They play a role in intercellular communication and are involved in the pathophysiology of diseases. Since the discovery of exosomes in the 1980s, numerous studies have been carried out to understand the biogenesis, composition, and function of exosomes. In this review, we will discuss the role of exosomes as intercellular messengers in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufunke Omolola Arishe
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA; (F.P.); (S.A.W.); (R.C.W.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-706-394-3582
| | - Fernanda Priviero
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA; (F.P.); (S.A.W.); (R.C.W.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Stephanie A. Wilczynski
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA; (F.P.); (S.A.W.); (R.C.W.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - R. Clinton Webb
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA; (F.P.); (S.A.W.); (R.C.W.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
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Gharipour M, Mani A, Amini Baghbahadorani M, de Souza Cardoso CK, Jahanfar S, Sarrafzadegan N, de Oliveira C, Silveira EA. How Are Epigenetic Modifications Related to Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9949. [PMID: 34576113 PMCID: PMC8470616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rate of aging has increased globally during recent decades and has led to a rising burden of age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). At the molecular level, epigenetic modifications have been shown recently to alter gene expression during the life course and impair cellular function. In this regard, several CVD risk factors, such as lifestyle and environmental factors, have emerged as key factors in epigenetic modifications within the cardiovascular system. In this study, we attempted to summarized recent evidence related to epigenetic modification, inflammation response, and CVD in older adults as well as the effect of lifestyle modification as a preventive strategy in this age group. Recent evidence showed that lifestyle and environmental factors may affect epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and miRNA expression. Several substances or nutrients such as selenium, magnesium, curcumin, and caffeine (present in coffee and some teas) could regulate epigenetics. Similarly, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, air pollutants, psychological stress, and shift working are well-known modifiers of epigenetic patterns. Understanding the exact ways that lifestyle and environmental factors could affect the expression of genes could help to influence the time of incidence and severity of aging-associated diseases. This review highlighted that a healthy lifestyle throughout the life course, such as a healthy diet rich in fibers, vitamins, and essential elements, and specific fatty acids, adequate physical activity and sleep, smoking cessation, and stress control, could be useful tools in preventing epigenetic changes that lead to impaired cardiovascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Gharipour
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran;
| | - Arya Mani
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, and Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
| | - Mona Amini Baghbahadorani
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran;
| | - Camila Kellen de Souza Cardoso
- School of Social Sciences and Health, Nutrition Course, Pontifical Catholic University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-010, Brazil;
| | - Shayesteh Jahanfar
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MI 02111, USA;
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran;
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil
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32
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Fang Z, Zhu L, Jin Y, Chen Y, Chang W, Yao Y. Downregulation of Arntl mRNA Expression in Women with Hypertension: A Case-Control Study. Kidney Blood Press Res 2021; 46:741-748. [PMID: 34515147 PMCID: PMC8743905 DOI: 10.1159/000518669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported that disturbance of endogenous circadian rhythms enhances the chance of hypertension and suggested that circadian clock genes could have a crucial function in the onset of the disease. This case-control study was aimed to investigate the association of the mRNA expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like (Arntl), clock circadian regulator (Clock), and period circadian regulators 1 and 2 (Per1 and Per2) with hypertension and blood pressure levels. METHODS A total of 172 subjects were recruited in this study, including 86 hypertension and 86 nonhypertension controls. The mRNA expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The differences in Arntl, Clock, Per1, and Per2 mRNA expression were compared between the 2 groups, and the relationship between mRNA expression and cardiometabolic risk profiles was also assessed. RESULTS We found that the mRNA expression of Arntl was downregulated in the hypertension cases compared with controls in women (1.10 [0.66, 1.71] vs. 1.30 [0.99, 2.06], p = 0.031). There was a significant negative correlation between the Arntl mRNA expression and SBP (r = -0.301, p = 0.004) and DBP (r = -0.222, p = 0.034) in women. In men, a negative correlation between the Per1 mRNA expression and SBP (r = -0.247, p = 0.026) was found. CONCLUSIONS The Arntl mRNA expression may play an important role in progression of hypertension in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengmei Fang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yuelong Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Weiwei Chang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yingshui Yao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu, China
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33
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Srivastava SP, Srivastava R, Chand S, Goodwin JE. Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 and Diabetic Kidney Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:751. [PMID: 34451848 PMCID: PMC8398861 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review describes COVID-19 severity in diabetes and diabetic kidney disease. We discuss the crucial effect of COVID-19-associated cytokine storm and linked injuries and associated severe mesenchymal activation in tubular epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages that influence neighboring cell homeostasis, resulting in severe proteinuria and organ fibrosis in diabetes. Altered microRNA expression disrupts cellular homeostasis and the renin-angiotensin-system, targets reno-protective signaling proteins, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and MAS1 receptor (MAS), and facilitates viral entry and replication in kidney cells. COVID-19-associated endotheliopathy that interacts with other cell types, such as neutrophils, platelets, and macrophages, is one factor that accelerates prethrombotic reactions and thrombus formation, resulting in organ failures in diabetes. Apart from targeting vital signaling through ACE2 and MAS, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections are also associated with higher profibrotic dipeptidyl transferase-4 (DPP-4)-mediated mechanisms and suppression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation in kidney cells. Lowered DPP-4 levels and restoration of AMPK levels are organ-protective, suggesting a pathogenic role of DPP-4 and a protective role of AMPK in diabetic COVID-19 patients. In addition to standard care provided to COVID-19 patients, we urgently need novel drug therapies that support the stability and function of both organs and cell types in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash Srivastava
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Rohit Srivastava
- Laboratory of Medical Transcriptomics, Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology Services, Hadassah Hebrew-University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91905, Israel;
| | - Subhash Chand
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Julie E. Goodwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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34
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Sharma K, Singh P, Amjad Beg M, Dohare R, Athar F, Ali Syed M. Revealing new therapeutic opportunities in hypertension through network-driven integrative genetic analysis and drug target prediction approach. Gene 2021; 801:145856. [PMID: 34293449 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have established that untreated hypertension (HTN) is a major independent risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD), stroke, renal failure, and other conditions. Several important studies have been published to prevent and manage HTN; however, antihypertensive agents' optimal choice remains controversial. Therefore, the present study is undertaken to update our knowledge in the primary treatment of HTN, specifically in the setting of other three important diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are remarkably stable short endogenous conserved non-coding RNAs that bind to the mRNA at its (3' UTR) to regulate its gene expression by causing translational repression or mRNA degradation. Through their coordinated activities on different pathways and networks, individual miRNAs control normal and pathological cellular processes. Therefore, to identify the critical miRNA-mRNA-TF interactions, we performed systematic bioinformatics analysis. We have also employed the molecular modelling and docking approach to identify the therapeutic target that delivers novel empathies into Food and Drug Administration approved and herbal drug response physiology. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was employed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and hub genes- KNG1, HLA-DPB1, CXCL8, IL1B, and BCL2. The HTN associated feed-forward loop (FFL) network included miR-9-5p, KNG1 and AR. We employed high throughput screening to get the best interacting compounds, telmisartan and limonin, that provided a significant docking score (-13.3 and -12.0 kcal/mol) and a potential protective effect that may help to combat the impact of HTN. The present study provides novel insight into HTN etiology through the identification of mRNAs and miRNAs and associated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Sharma
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Prithvi Singh
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Md Amjad Beg
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ravins Dohare
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.
| | - Fareeda Athar
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.
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35
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Bastami M, Masotti A, Saadatian Z, Daraei A, Farjam M, Ghanbariasad A, Vahed SZ, Eyvazi S, Mansoori Y, Nariman-Saleh-Fam Z. Critical roles of microRNA-196 in normal physiology and non-malignant diseases: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Exp Mol Pathol 2021; 122:104664. [PMID: 34166682 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a critical component of regulatory networks that modulate and fine-tune gene expression in a post-transcriptional manner. The microRNA-196 family is encoded by three loci in the human genome, namely hsa-mir-196a-1, hsa-mir-196a-2, and hsa-mir-196b. Increasing evidence supports the roles of different components of this miRNA family in regulating key cellular processes during differentiation and development, ranging from inflammation and differentiation of stem cells to limb development and remodeling and structure of adipose tissue. This review first discusses about the genomic context and regulation of this miRNA family and then take a bird's eye view on the updated list of its target genes and their biological processes to obtain insights about various functions played by members of the microRNA-196 family. We then describe evidence supporting the involvement of the human microRNA-196 family in regulating critical cellular processes both in physiological and non-malignant inflammatory conditions, highlighting recent seminal findings that carry implications for developing novel therapeutic or diagnostic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Bastami
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome 00146, Italy
| | - Zahra Saadatian
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Daraei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Farjam
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Ali Ghanbariasad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | | | - Shirin Eyvazi
- Department of Biology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran; Medical Genetics Department, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Ziba Nariman-Saleh-Fam
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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36
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de Las Fuentes L, Sung YJ, Noordam R, Winkler T, Feitosa MF, Schwander K, Bentley AR, Brown MR, Guo X, Manning A, Chasman DI, Aschard H, Bartz TM, Bielak LF, Campbell A, Cheng CY, Dorajoo R, Hartwig FP, Horimoto ARVR, Li C, Li-Gao R, Liu Y, Marten J, Musani SK, Ntalla I, Rankinen T, Richard M, Sim X, Smith AV, Tajuddin SM, Tayo BO, Vojinovic D, Warren HR, Xuan D, Alver M, Boissel M, Chai JF, Chen X, Christensen K, Divers J, Evangelou E, Gao C, Girotto G, Harris SE, He M, Hsu FC, Kühnel B, Laguzzi F, Li X, Lyytikäinen LP, Nolte IM, Poveda A, Rauramaa R, Riaz M, Rueedi R, Shu XO, Snieder H, Sofer T, Takeuchi F, Verweij N, Ware EB, Weiss S, Yanek LR, Amin N, Arking DE, Arnett DK, Bergmann S, Boerwinkle E, Brody JA, Broeckel U, Brumat M, Burke G, Cabrera CP, Canouil M, Chee ML, Chen YDI, Cocca M, Connell J, de Silva HJ, de Vries PS, Eiriksdottir G, Faul JD, Fisher V, Forrester T, Fox EF, Friedlander Y, Gao H, Gigante B, Giulianini F, Gu CC, Gu D, Harris TB, He J, Heikkinen S, Heng CK, Hunt S, Ikram MA, Irvin MR, Kähönen M, Kavousi M, Khor CC, Kilpeläinen TO, Koh WP, Komulainen P, Kraja AT, Krieger JE, Langefeld CD, Li Y, Liang J, Liewald DCM, Liu CT, Liu J, Lohman KK, Mägi R, McKenzie CA, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Milaneschi Y, Milani L, Mook-Kanamori DO, Nalls MA, Nelson CP, Norris JM, O'Connell J, Ogunniyi A, Padmanabhan S, Palmer ND, Pedersen NL, Perls T, Peters A, Petersmann A, Peyser PA, Polasek O, Porteous DJ, Raffel LJ, Rice TK, Rotter JI, Rudan I, Rueda-Ochoa OL, Sabanayagam C, Salako BL, Schreiner PJ, Shikany JM, Sidney SS, Sims M, Sitlani CM, Smith JA, Starr JM, Strauch K, Swertz MA, Teumer A, Tham YC, Uitterlinden AG, Vaidya D, van der Ende MY, Waldenberger M, Wang L, Wang YX, Wei WB, Weir DR, Wen W, Yao J, Yu B, Yu C, Yuan JM, Zhao W, Zonderman AB, Becker DM, Bowden DW, Deary IJ, Dörr M, Esko T, Freedman BI, Froguel P, Gasparini P, Gieger C, Jonas JB, Kammerer CM, Kato N, Lakka TA, Leander K, Lehtimäki T, Magnusson PKE, Marques-Vidal P, Penninx BWJH, Samani NJ, van der Harst P, Wagenknecht LE, Wu T, Zheng W, Zhu X, Bouchard C, Cooper RS, Correa A, Evans MK, Gudnason V, Hayward C, Horta BL, Kelly TN, Kritchevsky SB, Levy D, Palmas WR, Pereira AC, Province MM, Psaty BM, Ridker PM, Rotimi CN, Tai ES, van Dam RM, van Duijn CM, Wong TY, Rice K, Gauderman WJ, Morrison AC, North KE, Kardia SLR, Caulfield MJ, Elliott P, Munroe PB, Franks PW, Rao DC, Fornage M. Gene-educational attainment interactions in a multi-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis identify novel blood pressure loci. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:2111-2125. [PMID: 32372009 PMCID: PMC7641978 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0719-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Educational attainment is widely used as a surrogate for socioeconomic status (SES). Low SES is a risk factor for hypertension and high blood pressure (BP). To identify novel BP loci, we performed multi-ancestry meta-analyses accounting for gene-educational attainment interactions using two variables, "Some College" (yes/no) and "Graduated College" (yes/no). Interactions were evaluated using both a 1 degree of freedom (DF) interaction term and a 2DF joint test of genetic and interaction effects. Analyses were performed for systolic BP, diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure. We pursued genome-wide interrogation in Stage 1 studies (N = 117 438) and follow-up on promising variants in Stage 2 studies (N = 293 787) in five ancestry groups. Through combined meta-analyses of Stages 1 and 2, we identified 84 known and 18 novel BP loci at genome-wide significance level (P < 5 × 10-8). Two novel loci were identified based on the 1DF test of interaction with educational attainment, while the remaining 16 loci were identified through the 2DF joint test of genetic and interaction effects. Ten novel loci were identified in individuals of African ancestry. Several novel loci show strong biological plausibility since they involve physiologic systems implicated in BP regulation. They include genes involved in the central nervous system-adrenal signaling axis (ZDHHC17, CADPS, PIK3C2G), vascular structure and function (GNB3, CDON), and renal function (HAS2 and HAS2-AS1, SLIT3). Collectively, these findings suggest a role of educational attainment or SES in further dissection of the genetic architecture of BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa de Las Fuentes
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Yun Ju Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, 93051, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Alisa Manning
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hugues Aschard
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75724, France
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Ecy Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, 96020-220, Brazil
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - A R V R Horimoto
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, 5403000, Brazil
| | - Changwei Li
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia at Athens College of Public Health, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA, Netherlands
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Public Health Sciences, Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39213, USA
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Melissa Richard
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 70808, USA
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Helen R Warren
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Deng Xuan
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Maris Alver
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Mathilde Boissel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, Southern Denmark University, Odense, 5000, Denmark
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Chuan Gao
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34100, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, 34100, Italy
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Federica Laguzzi
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Xiaoyin Li
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Alaitz Poveda
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Skåne, 205 02, Sweden
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, Health Sciences, The Infant Mortality and Morbidity Studies (TIMMS), Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Rico Rueedi
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 1628655, Japan
| | - Niek Verweij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, 9700, The Netherlands
| | - Erin B Ware
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 9713GZ, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Dean's Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Marco Brumat
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34100, Italy
| | - Gregory Burke
- Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Claudia P Cabrera
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Miao Li Chee
- Statistics Unit, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, 34100, Italy
| | - John Connell
- Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
| | - Virginia Fisher
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, JMAAW15, Jamaica
| | - Ervin F Fox
- Cardiology, Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Cardiovascular Unit, Bioclinicum, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, 17164, Sweden
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, 18288, Sweden
| | | | - Chi Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Dongfeng Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Steven Hunt
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, 33521, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Pirjo Komulainen
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - J E Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, 5403000, Brazil
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Yize Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jingjing Liang
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - David C M Liewald
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Kurt K Lohman
- Public Health Sciences, Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Colin A McKenzie
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, JMAAW15, Jamaica
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081 BT, The Netherlands
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA, Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA, Netherlands
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, 20895, USA
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, 20812, USA
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jeff O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adesola Ogunniyi
- Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | | | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Thomas Perls
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Astrid Petersmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- University Hospital Split, Split, Croatia
- Psychiatric Hospital "Sveti Ivan", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Leslie J Raffel
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Treva K Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | | | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Ecy Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | | | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - James M Shikany
- Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 25249, USA
| | - Stephen S Sidney
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Mario Sims
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39213, USA
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
| | - John M Starr
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AZ, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Morris A Swertz
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Teumer
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yih Chung Tham
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Ecy Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - M Yldau van der Ende
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, 9700, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Ya-Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Caizheng Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer, , University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Behavioral Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Ian J Deary
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Section on Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-, Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, 59000, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34100, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, 34100, Italy
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jost Bruno Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Candace M Kammerer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 1628655, Japan
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, 70100, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Karin Leander
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, 33520, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1081 BT, The Netherlands
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Pim van der Harst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, 9700, The Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Ultrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Richard S Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39213, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, 96020-220, Brazil
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Health Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Walter R Palmas
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - A C Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, 5403000, Brazil
| | - Michael M Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Ecy Centre, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - W James Gauderman
- Biostatistics, Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gilling School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Skåne, 205 02, Sweden
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Västerbotten, 901 85, Sweden
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 70808, USA
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The Impact of microRNAs in Renin-Angiotensin-System-Induced Cardiac Remodelling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094762. [PMID: 33946230 PMCID: PMC8124994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) indicates its central role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular remodelling via both hemodynamic alterations and direct growth and the proliferation effects of angiotensin II or aldosterone resulting in the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, the proliferation of fibroblasts, and inflammatory immune cell activation. The noncoding regulatory microRNAs has recently emerged as a completely novel approach to the study of the RAS. A growing number of microRNAs serve as mediators and/or regulators of RAS-induced cardiac remodelling by directly targeting RAS enzymes, receptors, signalling molecules, or inhibitors of signalling pathways. Specifically, microRNAs that directly modulate pro-hypertrophic, pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory signalling initiated by angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) stimulation are of particular relevance in mediating the cardiovascular effects of the RAS. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge in the field that is still in the early stage of preclinical investigation with occasionally conflicting reports. Understanding the big picture of microRNAs not only aids in the improved understanding of cardiac response to injury but also leads to better therapeutic strategies utilizing microRNAs as biomarkers, therapeutic agents and pharmacological targets.
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Matshazi DM, Weale CJ, Erasmus RT, Kengne AP, Davids SFG, Raghubeer S, Hector S, Davison GM, Matsha TE. MicroRNA Profiles in Normotensive and Hypertensive South African Individuals. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:645541. [PMID: 33937359 PMCID: PMC8085261 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.645541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension has a complex pathogenesis and symptoms appear in advanced disease. Dysregulation of gene expression regulatory factors like microRNAs has been reported in disease development. Identifying biomarkers which could help understand the pathogenesis and prognosis of hypertension is essential. The study's objective was to investigate microRNA expression profiles according to participant blood pressure status. Next generation sequencing was used to identify microRNAs in the whole blood of 48 body mass index-, smoking- and age-matched normotensive (n = 12), screen-detected hypertensive (n = 16) and known hypertensive (n = 20) female participants. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to validate the next generation sequencing findings in a larger, independent sample of 84 men and 179 women. Using next generation sequencing, 30 dysregulated microRNAs were identified and miR-1299 and miR-30a-5p were the most significantly differentially expressed. Both microRNAs were upregulated in known hypertensives or screen-detected hypertensives compared to the normotensives. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis indicated possible involvement of platelet activation, calcium signaling and aldosterone synthesis pathways. Further validation of miR-1299 and miR-30a-5p using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed sequencing results while yielding new findings. These findings demonstrate microRNA dysregulation in hypertension and their expression may be related to genes and biological pathways essential for blood pressure homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don M Matshazi
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Cecil J Weale
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rajiv T Erasmus
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service and Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andre P Kengne
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Saarah F G Davids
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shanel Raghubeer
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stanton Hector
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Glenda M Davison
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tandi E Matsha
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
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Screening and validation of differentially expressed microRNAs and target genes in hypertensive mice induced by cytomegalovirus infection. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:227064. [PMID: 33245094 PMCID: PMC7729292 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple studies have suggested an association between cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and essential hypertension (EH). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in the development of EH by regulating the expression of specific target genes. However, little is known about the role of miRNAs in CMV-induced EH. In the present study, we compared the miRNA expression profiles of samples from normal and murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV)-infected C57BL/6 mice using high-throughput sequencing analysis. Methods: We collected the thoracic aorta, heart tissues, and peripheral blood from 20 normal mice and 20 MCMV-infected mice. We identified differentially expressed miRNAs in the peripheral blood samples and predicted their target genes using bioinformatics tools. We then experimentally validated them using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and the target genes with double luciferase reporter gene assay. Results: We found 118 differentially expressed miRNAs, among which 9 miRNAs were identified as potential MCMV infection-induced hypertension regulators. We then validated the expression of two candidate miRNAs, mmu-miR-1929-3p and mcmv-miR-m01-4-5p, using qRT-PCR. Furthermore, the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of endothelin A receptor (Ednra) messenger RNA (mRNA) contained a binding site for mmu-miR-1929-3p. Collectively, our data suggest that MCMV infection can raise the blood pressure and reduce mmu-miR-1929-3p expression in C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, we found that mmu-miR-1929-3p targets the 3′-UTR of the Ednra mRNA. Conclusion: This novel regulatory axis could aid the development of new approaches for the clinical prevention and control of EH.
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40
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Dhandapani MC, Venkatesan V, Pricilla C. MicroRNAs in childhood nephrotic syndrome. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7186-7210. [PMID: 33819345 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) has opened up new avenues of research to understand the molecular basis of a number of diseases. Because of their conservative feature in evolution and important role in the physiological function, microRNAs could be treated as predictors for disease classification and clinical process based on the specific expression. The identification of novel miRNAs and their target genes can be considered as potential targets for novel drugs. Furthermore, currently, the circulatory and urinary exosomal miRNAs are gaining increasing attention as their expression profiles are often associated with specific diseases, and they exhibit great potential as noninvasive or minimally invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of various diseases. The remarkable stability of these extracellular miRNAs circulating in the blood or excreted in the urine underscored their key importance as biomarkers of certain diseases. There is voluminous literature concerning the role of microRNAs in other diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetic nephropathy, and so forth. However, little is known about their diagnostic ability for the pediatric nephrotic syndrome (NS). The present review article highlights the recent advances in the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis and molecular basis of NS with an aim to bring new insights into further research applications for the development of new therapeutic agents for NS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanapriya C Dhandapani
- Department of Central Research Facility, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Vettriselvi Venkatesan
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Charmine Pricilla
- Department of Central Research Facility, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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41
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Urh K, Žlajpah M, Zidar N, Boštjančič E. Identification and Validation of New Cancer Stem Cell-Related Genes and Their Regulatory microRNAs in Colorectal Cancerogenesis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020179. [PMID: 33670246 PMCID: PMC7916981 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the last decade in our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of colorectal cancer (CRC). Cancer stem cells (CSC) have gained much attention and are now believed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various cancers, including CRC. In the current study, we validated gene expression of four genes related to CSC, L1TD1, SLITRK6, ST6GALNAC1 and TCEA3, identified in a previous bioinformatics analysis. Using bioinformatics, potential miRNA-target gene correlations were prioritized. In total, 70 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsy samples from 47 patients with adenoma, adenoma with early carcinoma and CRC without and with lymph node metastases were included. The expression of selected genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) was evaluated using quantitative PCR. Differential expression of all investigated genes and four of six prioritized miRNAs (hsa-miR-199a-3p, hsa-miR-335-5p, hsa-miR-425-5p, hsa-miR-1225-3p, hsa-miR-1233-3p and hsa-miR-1303) was found in at least one group of CRC cancerogenesis. L1TD1, SLITRK6, miR-1233-3p and miR-1225-3p were correlated to the level of malignancy. A negative correlation between miR-199a-3p and its predicted target SLITRK6 was observed, showing potential for further experimental validation in CRC. Our results provide further evidence that CSC-related genes and their regulatory miRNAs are involved in CRC development and progression and suggest that some them, particularly miR-199a-3p and its SLITRK6 target gene, are promising for further validation in CRC.
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Badawi S, Ali BR. ACE2 Nascence, trafficking, and SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis: the saga continues. Hum Genomics 2021; 15:8. [PMID: 33514423 PMCID: PMC7844112 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-021-00304-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
With the emergence of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 since December 2019, more than 65 million cases have been reported worldwide. This virus has shown high infectivity and severe symptoms in some cases, leading to over 1.5 million deaths globally. Despite the collaborative and concerted research efforts that have been made, no effective medication for COVID-19 (coronavirus disease-2019) is currently available. SARS-CoV-2 uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as an initial mediator for viral attachment and host cell invasion. ACE2 is widely distributed in the human tissues including the cell surface of lung cells which represent the primary site of the infection. Inhibiting or reducing cell surface availability of ACE2 represents a promising therapy for tackling COVID-19. In this context, most ACE2-based therapeutic strategies have aimed to tackle the virus through the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or neutralizing the virus by exogenous administration of ACE2, which does not directly aim to reduce its membrane availability. However, through this review, we present a different perspective focusing on the subcellular localization and trafficking of ACE2. Membrane targeting of ACE2, and shedding and cellular trafficking pathways including the internalization are not well elucidated in literature. Therefore, we hereby present an overview of the fate of newly synthesized ACE2, its post translational modifications, and what is known of its trafficking pathways. In addition, we highlight the possibility that some of the identified ACE2 missense variants might affect its trafficking efficiency and localization and hence may explain some of the observed variable severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Moreover, an extensive understanding of these processes is necessarily required to evaluate the potential use of ACE2 as a credible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Badawi
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassam R Ali
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
- Zayed Centre for Health sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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43
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Parchem JG, Kanasaki K, Lee SB, Kanasaki M, Yang JL, Xu Y, Earl KM, Keuls RA, Gattone VH, Kalluri R. STOX1 deficiency is associated with renin-mediated gestational hypertension and placental defects. JCI Insight 2021; 6:141588. [PMID: 33301424 PMCID: PMC7934881 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.141588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of preeclampsia and other hypertensive disorders of pregnancy remains poorly defined despite the substantial burden of maternal and neonatal morbidity associated with these conditions. In particular, the role of genetic variants as determinants of disease susceptibility is understudied. Storkhead-box protein 1 (STOX1) was first identified as a preeclampsia risk gene through family-based genetic linkage studies in which loss-of-function variants were proposed to underlie increased preeclampsia susceptibility. We generated a genetic Stox1 loss-of-function mouse model (Stox1 KO) to evaluate whether STOX1 regulates blood pressure in pregnancy. Pregnant Stox1-KO mice developed gestational hypertension evidenced by a significant increase in blood pressure compared with WT by E17.5. While severe renal, placental, or fetal growth abnormalities were not observed, the Stox1-KO phenotype was associated with placental vascular and extracellular matrix abnormalities. Mechanistically, we found that gestational hypertension in Stox1-KO mice resulted from activation of the uteroplacental renin-angiotensin system. This mechanism was supported by showing that treatment of pregnant Stox1-KO mice with an angiotensin II receptor blocker rescued the phenotype. Our study demonstrates the utility of genetic mouse models for uncovering links between genetic variants and effector pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline G Parchem
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Soo Bong Lee
- Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Megumi Kanasaki
- Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joyce L Yang
- Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yong Xu
- Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kadeshia M Earl
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rachel A Keuls
- Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, and Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vincent H Gattone
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Division of Matrix Biology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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44
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S Machado IB, Tofanelli MR, Saldanha da Silva AA, Simões E Silva AC. Factors Associated with Primary Hypertension in Pediatric Patients: An Up-to-Date. Curr Pediatr Rev 2021; 17:15-37. [PMID: 33430749 DOI: 10.2174/1573396317999210111200222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial hypertension in children is considered a common alteration nowadays, mainly because obesity is a growing worldwide problem closely related to increased blood pressure. Childhood hypertension can be classified as primary or secondary, depending on the etiology. Primary or essential hypertension still has its pathophysiology not fully elucidated, and there is no consensus in the literature on most underlying mechanisms. In this review, genetic and environmental factors, including sodium and potassium intake, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, family structure, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, prematurity and low birth weight, prenatal and postnatal exposures are highlighted. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to perform an update on primary hypertension in childhood, providing clinicians and researchers an overview of the current state of the literature regarding the influence of genetic and environmental factors. METHODS This integrative review searched for articles on genetic and environmental factors related to primary hypertension in pediatric patients. The databases evaluated were PubMed and Scopus. RESULTS The studies have provided insights regarding many genetic and environmental factors, in addition to their association with the pathophysiology of primary hypertension in childhood. Findings corroborated the idea that primary hypertension is a multifactorial disease. Further studies in the pediatric population are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. CONCLUSION The study of primary hypertension in pediatrics has utmost importance for the adoption of preventive measures and the development of more efficient treatments, therefore reducing childhood morbidity and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and other health consequences later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Barreto S Machado
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Matheus Rampinelli Tofanelli
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ariadna A Saldanha da Silva
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Simões E Silva
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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La Sala L, Crestani M, Garavelli S, de Candia P, Pontiroli AE. Does microRNA Perturbation Control the Mechanisms Linking Obesity and Diabetes? Implications for Cardiovascular Risk. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010143. [PMID: 33375647 PMCID: PMC7795227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are considered the major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Although the pathological mechanisms underlying the mutual development of obesity and T2D are difficult to define, a better understanding of the molecular aspects is of utmost importance to identify novel therapeutic targets. Recently, a class of non-coding RNAs, called microRNAs (miRNAs), are emerging as key modulators of metabolic abnormalities. There is increasing evidence supporting the role of intra- and extracellular miRNAs as determinants of the crosstalk between adipose tissues, liver, skeletal muscle and other organs, triggering the paracrine communication among different tissues. miRNAs may be considered as risk factors for CVD due to their correlation with cardiovascular events, and in particular, may be related to the most prominent risk factors. In this review, we describe the associations observed between miRNAs expression levels and the most common cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, we sought to depict the molecular aspect of the interplay between obesity and diabetes, investigating the role of microRNAs in the interorgan crosstalk. Finally, we discussed the fascinating hypothesis of the loss of protective factors, such as antioxidant defense systems regulated by such miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia La Sala
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Disease, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Maurizio Crestani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Silvia Garavelli
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Paola de Candia
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Disease, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy;
| | - Antonio E. Pontiroli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy;
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Widiasta A, Sribudiani Y, Nugrahapraja H, Hilmanto D, Sekarwana N, Rachmadi D. Potential role of ACE2-related microRNAs in COVID-19-associated nephropathy. Noncoding RNA Res 2020; 5:153-166. [PMID: 32923747 PMCID: PMC7480227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), potentially have severe kidney adverse effects. This organ expressed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the transmembrane protein which facilitate the entering of the virus into the cell. Therefore, early detection of the kidney manifestations of COVID-19 is crucial. Previous studies showed ACE2 role in various indications of this disease, especially in kidney effects. The MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in this organ affected ACE2 expression. Therefore, this review aims at summarizing the literature of a novel miRNA-based therapy and its potential applications in COVID-19-associated nephropathy. Furthermore, previous studies were analyzed for the kidney manifestations of COVID-19 and the miRNAs role that were published on the online databases, namely MEDLINE (PubMed) and Scopus. Several miRNAs, particularly miR-18 (which was upregulated in nephropathy), played a crucial role in ACE2 expression. Therefore, the antimiR-18 roles were summarized in various primate models that aided in developing the therapy for ACE2 related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmedz Widiasta
- Pediatric Nephrology Division, Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
- Medical Genetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| | - Yunia Sribudiani
- Medical Genetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| | - Husna Nugrahapraja
- Life Science and Biotechnology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia
| | - Dany Hilmanto
- Pediatric Nephrology Division, Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| | - Nanan Sekarwana
- Pediatric Nephrology Division, Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| | - Dedi Rachmadi
- Pediatric Nephrology Division, Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
- Medical Genetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
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Khomtchouk BB, Tran DT, Vand KA, Might M, Gozani O, Assimes TL. Cardioinformatics: the nexus of bioinformatics and precision cardiology. Brief Bioinform 2020; 21:2031-2051. [PMID: 31802103 PMCID: PMC7947182 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbz119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, causing over 17 million deaths per year, which outpaces global cancer mortality rates. Despite these sobering statistics, most bioinformatics and computational biology research and funding to date has been concentrated predominantly on cancer research, with a relatively modest footprint in CVD. In this paper, we review the existing literary landscape and critically assess the unmet need to further develop an emerging field at the multidisciplinary interface of bioinformatics and precision cardiovascular medicine, which we refer to as 'cardioinformatics'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohdan B Khomtchouk
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Computational Biomedicine and Biomedical Data Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Diem-Trang Tran
- School of Computing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Matthew Might
- Hugh Kaul Personalized Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Or Gozani
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Themistocles L Assimes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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48
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Wang Z, Liu Z, Yang Y, Kang L. Identification of biomarkers and pathways in hypertensive nephropathy based on the ceRNA regulatory network. BMC Nephrol 2020; 21:476. [PMID: 33176720 PMCID: PMC7659166 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-020-02142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertensive nephropathy (HTN) is a kind of renal injury caused by chronic hypertension, which seriously affect people's life. The purpose of this study was to identify the potential biomarkers of HTN and understand its possible mechanisms. METHODS The dataset numbered GSE28260 related to hypertensive and normotensive was downloaded from NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus. Then, the differentially expressed RNAs (DERs) were screened using R limma package, and functional analyses of DE-mRNA were performed by DAVID. Afterwards, a ceRNA network was established and KEGG pathway was analyzed based on the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) database. Finally, a ceRNA regulatory network directly associated with HTN was proposed. RESULTS A total of 947 DERs were identified, including 900 DE-mRNAs, 20 DE-lncRNAs and 27 DE-miRNAs. Based on these DE-mRNAs, they were involved in biological processes such as fatty acid beta-oxidation, IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response, and transmembrane transport, and many KEGG pathways like glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, carbon metabolism. Subsequently, lncRNAs KCTD21-AS1, LINC00470 and SNHG14 were found to be hub nodes in the ceRNA regulatory network. KEGG analysis showed that insulin signaling pathway, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, pathways in cancer, lysosome, and apoptosis was associated with hypertensive. Finally, insulin signaling pathway was screened to directly associate with HTN and was regulated by mRNAs PPP1R3C, PPKAR2B and AKT3, miRNA has-miR-107, and lncRNAs SNHG14, TUG1, ZNF252P-AS1 and MIR503HG. CONCLUSIONS Insulin signaling pathway was directly associated with HTN, and miRNA has-miR-107 and lncRNAs SNHG14, TUG1, ZNF252P-AS1 and MIR503HG were the biomarkers of HTN. These results would improve our understanding of the occurrence and development of HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Nephrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.5 Haiyuncang Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Zhongjie Liu
- Nephrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.5 Haiyuncang Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yingxia Yang
- Nephrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.5 Haiyuncang Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Lei Kang
- Neurology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.5 Haiyuncang Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
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MicroRNA-451 as an Early Predictor of Chronic Kidney Disease in Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Nephrol 2020; 2020:8075376. [PMID: 32855824 PMCID: PMC7443237 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8075376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Microalbuminuria is the cornerstone for the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. However, it is an inadequate marker for early diagnosis. MicroRNAs are not only new and promising markers for early diagnosis but also, but they may also play a role in the prevention of disease progression. Methods This study included ninety patients with type 2 DM in addition to 30 control subjects. MicroRNA-451 expression in blood and plasma using real-time PCR was evaluated in addition to the classic diabetic nephropathy markers (serum creatinine, urinary albumin, and eGFR). Results There was a significant difference between the studied groups versus control regarding serum creatinine, eGFR, urinary, and plasma microRNA-451 with p=0.0001. Patients with eGFR 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 showed a significantly higher plasma microRNA-451 (29.6 ± 1.6) and significantly lower urinary microRNA-451 (21 ± 0.9) in comparison to patients with eGFR >60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and p=0.0001. eGFR showed a positive correlation with urinary microRNA-451 and negative correlation with both plasma microRNA-451 and urinary albumin. Both plasma and urinary microRNA-451 are highly sensitive and specific markers for chronicity in diabetic nephropathy patients with sensitivity of 90.9% and 95.5% and specificity of 67.6% and 95.6%, respectively. Conclusion MicroRNA-451 is a promising early biomarker for chronic kidney disease in diabetic nephropathy with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Díaz-García E, Jaureguizar A, Casitas R, García-Tovar S, Sánchez-Sánchez B, Zamarrón E, López-Collazo E, García-Río F, Cubillos-Zapata C. SMAD4 Overexpression in Patients with Sleep Apnoea May Be Associated with Cardiometabolic Comorbidities. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082378. [PMID: 32722512 PMCID: PMC7464800 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with several diseases related to metabolic and cardiovascular risk. Although the mechanisms involved in the development of these disorders may vary, OSA patients frequently present an increase in transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), the activity of which is higher still in patients with hypertension, diabetes or cardiovascular morbidity. Smad4 is a member of the small mother against decapentaplegic homologue (Smad) family of signal transducers and acts as a central mediator of TGFβ signalling pathways. In this study, we evaluate Smad4 protein and mRNA expression from 52 newly diagnosed OSA patients, with an apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) ≥30 and 26 healthy volunteers. These analyses reveal that OSA patients exhibit high levels of SMAD4 which correlates with variation in HIF1α, mTOR and circadian genes. Moreover, we associated high concentrations of Smad4 plasma protein with the presence of diabetes, dyslipidaemia and hypertension in these patients. Results suggest that increased levels of SMAD4, mediated by intermittent hypoxaemia and circadian rhythm deregulation, may be associated with cardiometabolic comorbidities in patients with sleep apnoea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Díaz-García
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.D.-G.); (A.J.); (R.C.); (B.S.-S.); (E.Z.); (E.L.-C.); (F.G.-R.)
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Diseases Department, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ana Jaureguizar
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.D.-G.); (A.J.); (R.C.); (B.S.-S.); (E.Z.); (E.L.-C.); (F.G.-R.)
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Diseases Department, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Raquel Casitas
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.D.-G.); (A.J.); (R.C.); (B.S.-S.); (E.Z.); (E.L.-C.); (F.G.-R.)
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Diseases Department, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sara García-Tovar
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Diseases Department, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Begoña Sánchez-Sánchez
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.D.-G.); (A.J.); (R.C.); (B.S.-S.); (E.Z.); (E.L.-C.); (F.G.-R.)
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Diseases Department, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ester Zamarrón
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.D.-G.); (A.J.); (R.C.); (B.S.-S.); (E.Z.); (E.L.-C.); (F.G.-R.)
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Diseases Department, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Eduardo López-Collazo
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.D.-G.); (A.J.); (R.C.); (B.S.-S.); (E.Z.); (E.L.-C.); (F.G.-R.)
- The Innate Immune Response Group, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco García-Río
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.D.-G.); (A.J.); (R.C.); (B.S.-S.); (E.Z.); (E.L.-C.); (F.G.-R.)
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Diseases Department, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Cubillos-Zapata
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.D.-G.); (A.J.); (R.C.); (B.S.-S.); (E.Z.); (E.L.-C.); (F.G.-R.)
- Respiratory Diseases Group, Respiratory Diseases Department, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZ, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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