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Kaur J, Sharma A, Passi G, Dey P, Khajuria A, Alajangi HK, Jaiswal PK, Barnwal RP, Singh G. Nanomedicine at the Pulmonary Frontier: Immune-Centric Approaches for Respiratory Disease Treatment. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:295-347. [PMID: 38206610 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2298398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases (RD) are a group of common ailments with a rapidly increasing global prevalence, posing a significant threat to humanity, especially the elderly population, and imposing a substantial burden on society and the economy. RD represents an unmet medical need that requires the development of viable pharmacotherapies. While various promising strategies have been devised to advance potential treatments for RD, their implementation has been hindered by difficulties in drug delivery, particularly in critically ill patients. Nanotechnology offers innovative solutions for delivering medications to the inflamed organ sites, such as the lungs. Although this approach is enticing, delivering nanomedicine to the lungs presents complex challenges that require sophisticated techniques. In this context, we review the potential of novel nanomedicine-based immunomodulatory strategies that could offer therapeutic benefits in managing this pressing health condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gautam Passi
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Piyush Dey
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akhil Khajuria
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Hema Kumari Alajangi
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Jaiswal
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | | | - Gurpal Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Hosmer J, McEwan AG, Kappler U. Bacterial acetate metabolism and its influence on human epithelia. Emerg Top Life Sci 2024; 8:1-13. [PMID: 36945843 PMCID: PMC10903459 DOI: 10.1042/etls20220092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids are known modulators of host-microbe interactions and can affect human health, inflammation, and outcomes of microbial infections. Acetate is the most abundant but least well-studied of these modulators, with most studies focusing on propionate and butyrate, which are considered to be more potent. In this mini-review, we summarize current knowledge of acetate as an important anti-inflammatory modulator of interactions between hosts and microorganisms. This includes a summary of the pathways by which acetate is metabolized by bacteria and human cells, the functions of acetate in bacterial cells, and the impact that microbially derived acetate has on human immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hosmer
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Alastair G. McEwan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Ulrike Kappler
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
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Qi Y, Xu X, Mao C, Chen H, Tang Y, Lin S. Evaluation of In Vivo Folic Acid Bioavailability in Different Mouse Strains Using Enzymatic Digestion Combined with Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2229-2239. [PMID: 38230629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
By analyzing the folic acid content of various mouse strains through the use of in vivo studies, this study sought to determine whether folic acid bioavailability varies between hosts. In order to examine the stability of folic acid in the gastrointestinal tract, the rate at which it enters the blood, its retention in the organs, and its entry into the brain, folic acid was gavaged for 10 days into male and female mice of the following four strains: C57BL/6, BALB/c, ICR, and Kunming. Folic acid was extracted from eight groups of mice via solid phase extraction and triple enzyme extraction; the folic acid was subsequently quantified by ultraperformance liquid chromatography. In contrast to the other groups, female C57BL/6 mice exhibited substantially greater bioavailability as well as variations in organ retention and blood entry rates, as indicated by the experimental findings. This finding indicated that using female C57BL/6 mice to evaluate the bioavailability of folic acid is more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qi
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Food, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Special Dietary Food, The Education Department of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Chuwen Mao
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Food, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Hunan Chen
- Ganzhou Quanbiao Biological Technology Co. Ltd., Ganzhou 341100, P. R. China
| | - Yue Tang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Food, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Special Dietary Food, The Education Department of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Songyi Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Food, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Special Dietary Food, The Education Department of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
- Ganzhou Quanbiao Biological Technology Co. Ltd., Ganzhou 341100, P. R. China
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4
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Medeiros MCD, The S, Bellile E, Russo N, Schmitd L, Danella E, Singh P, Banerjee R, Bassis C, Murphy GR, Sartor MA, Lombaert I, Schmidt TM, Eisbruch A, Murdoch-Kinch CA, Rozek L, Wolf GT, Li G, Chen GY, D'Silva NJ. Salivary microbiome changes distinguish response to chemoradiotherapy in patients with oral cancer. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:268. [PMID: 38037123 PMCID: PMC10687843 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01677-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is associated with oral microbial dysbiosis. In this unique study, we compared pre- to post-treatment salivary microbiome in patients with SCC by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and examined how microbiome changes correlated with the expression of an anti-microbial protein. RESULTS Treatment of SCC was associated with a reduction in overall bacterial richness and diversity. There were significant changes in the microbial community structure, including a decrease in the abundance of Porphyromonaceae and Prevotellaceae and an increase in Lactobacillaceae. There were also significant changes in the microbial community structure before and after treatment with chemoradiotherapy, but not with surgery alone. In patients treated with chemoradiotherapy alone, several bacterial populations were differentially abundant between responders and non-responders before and after therapy. Microbiome changes were associated with a change in the expression of DMBT1, an anti-microbial protein in human saliva. Additionally, we found that salivary DMBT1, which increases after treatment, could serve as a post-treatment salivary biomarker that links to microbial changes. Specifically, post-treatment increases in human salivary DMBT1 correlated with increased abundance of Gemella spp., Pasteurellaceae spp., Lactobacillus spp., and Oribacterium spp. This is the first longitudinal study to investigate treatment-associated changes (chemoradiotherapy and surgery) in the oral microbiome in patients with SCC along with changes in expression of an anti-microbial protein in saliva. CONCLUSIONS The composition of the oral microbiota may predict treatment responses; salivary DMBT1 may have a role in modulating the oral microbiome in patients with SCC. After completion of treatment, 6 months after diagnosis, patients had a less diverse and less rich oral microbiome. Leptotrichia was a highly prevalent bacteria genus associated with disease. Expression of DMBT1 was higher after treatment and associated with microbiome changes, the most prominent genus being Gemella Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcell Costa de Medeiros
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University Ave, Room G018, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Stephanie The
- Cancer Data Science Shared Resource, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Emily Bellile
- Cancer Data Science Shared Resource, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nickole Russo
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University Ave, Room G018, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Ligia Schmitd
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University Ave, Room G018, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Erika Danella
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University Ave, Room G018, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Priyanka Singh
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University Ave, Room G018, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Rajat Banerjee
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University Ave, Room G018, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Christine Bassis
- Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 331248109, USA
| | - George R Murphy
- Biologic and Materials Sciences and Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Maureen A Sartor
- Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Isabelle Lombaert
- Biologic and Materials Sciences and Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas M Schmidt
- Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Avi Eisbruch
- Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Carol Anne Murdoch-Kinch
- Oral Pathology, Medicine and Radiology, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 1011 North Michigan St, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Laura Rozek
- Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gregory T Wolf
- Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gen Li
- Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Grace Y Chen
- Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 331248109, USA.
| | - Nisha J D'Silva
- Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University Ave, Room G018, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA.
- Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Ramos-Tapia I, Reynaldos-Grandón KL, Pérez-Losada M, Castro-Nallar E. Characterization of the upper respiratory tract microbiota in Chilean asthmatic children reveals compositional, functional, and structural differences. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1223306. [PMID: 37577334 PMCID: PMC10419220 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1223306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Around 155 million people worldwide suffer from asthma. In Chile, the prevalence of this disease in children is around 15% and has a high impact in the health system. Studies suggest that asthma is caused by multiple factors, including host genetics, antibiotic use, and the development of the airway microbiota. Here, we used 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing to characterize the nasal and oral mucosae of 63 asthmatic and 89 healthy children (152 samples) from Santiago, Chile. We found that the nasal mucosa was dominated by a high abundance of Moraxella, Dolosigranulum, Haemophilus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus. In turn, the oral mucosa was characterized by a high abundance of Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Gemella, Veillonella, Neisseria, and Porphyromonas. Our results showed significantly (P < 0.001) lower alpha diversity and an over-abundance of Streptococcus (P < 0.01) in nasal samples from asthmatics compared to samples from healthy subjects. Community structure, as revealed by co-occurrence networks, showed different microbial interactions in asthmatic and healthy subjects, particularly in the nasal microbiota. The networks revealed keystone genera in each body site, including Prevotella, Leptotrichia, and Porphyromonas in the nasal microbiota, and Streptococcus, Granulicatella, and Veillonella in the oral microbiota. We also detected 51 functional pathways differentially abundant on the nasal mucosa of asthmatic subjects, although only 13 pathways were overrepresented in the asthmatic subjects (P < 0.05). We did not find any significant differences in microbial taxonomic (composition and structure) and functional diversity between the oral mucosa of asthmatic and healthy subjects. This study explores for the first time the relationships between the upper respiratory airways bacteriome and asthma in Chile. It demonstrates that the nasal cavity of children from Santiago harbors unique bacterial communities and identifies potential taxonomic and functional biomarkers of pediatric asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Ramos-Tapia
- Centro de Bioinformática y Biología Integrativa, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Marcos Pérez-Losada
- Computational Biology Institute, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Eduardo Castro-Nallar
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Ecología Integrativa, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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6
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Salehian S, Fleming L, Saglani S, Custovic A. Phenotype and endotype based treatment of preschool wheeze. Expert Rev Respir Med 2023; 17:853-864. [PMID: 37873657 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2023.2271832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preschool wheeze (PSW) is a significant public health issue, with a high presentation rate to emergency departments, recurrent symptoms, and severe exacerbations. A heterogenous condition, PSW comprises several phenotypes that may relate to a range of pathobiological mechanisms. However, treating PSW remains largely generalized to inhaled corticosteroids and a short acting beta agonist, guided by symptom-based labels that often do not reflect underlying pathways of disease. AREAS COVERED We review the observable features and characteristics used to ascribe phenotypes in children with PSW and available pathobiological evidence to identify possible endotypes. These are considered in the context of treatment options and future research directions. The role of machine learning (ML) and modern analytical techniques to identify patterns of disease that distinguish phenotypes is also explored. EXPERT OPINION Distinct clusters (phenotypes) of severe PSW are characterized by different underlying mechanisms, some shared and some unique. ML-based methodologies applied to clinical, biomarker, and environmental data can help design tools to differentiate children with PSW that continues into adulthood, from those in whom wheezing resolves, identifying mechanisms underpinning persistence and resolution. This may help identify novel therapeutic targets, inform mechanistic studies, and serve as a foundation for stratification in future interventional therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sormeh Salehian
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Respiratory Paediatrics, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Louise Fleming
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Respiratory Paediatrics, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sejal Saglani
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Respiratory Paediatrics, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Adnan Custovic
- NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), London, UK
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Bustos IG, Martín-Loeches I, Acosta-González A, Chotirmall SH, Dickson RP, Reyes LF. Exploring the complex relationship between the lung microbiome and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Expert Rev Respir Med 2023; 17:889-901. [PMID: 37872770 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2023.2273424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the presence and function of a diverse lung microbiome in acute lung infections, particularly ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), is still limited, evidencing significant gaps in our knowledge. AREAS COVERED In this comprehensive narrative review, we aim to elucidate the contribution of the respiratory microbiome in the development of VAP by examining the current knowledge on the interactions among microorganisms. By exploring these intricate connections, we endeavor to enhance our understanding of the disease's pathophysiology and pave the way for novel ideas and interventions in studying the respiratory tract microbiome. EXPERT OPINION The conventional perception of lungs as sterile is deprecated since it is currently recognized the existence of a diverse microbial community within them. However, despite extensive research on the role of the respiratory microbiome in healthy lungs, respiratory chronic diseases and acute lung infections such as pneumonia are not fully understood. It is crucial to investigate further the relationship between the pathophysiology of VAP and the pulmonary microbiome, elucidating the mechanisms underlying the interactions between the microbiome, host immune response and mechanical ventilation for the development of VAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid G Bustos
- Unisabana Center for Translational Science, School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
- Doctorado de Biociencias, Department of Engineering, Universidad de la Sabana, Chia, Colombia
| | - Ignacio Martín-Loeches
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Research Organization (MICRO), St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alejandro Acosta-González
- Unisabana Center for Translational Science, School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
- Bioprospection Research Group (GIBP), Department of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
| | - Sanjay H Chotirmall
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Robert P Dickson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Weil Institute for Critical Care Research & Innovation, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Luis Felipe Reyes
- Unisabana Center for Translational Science, School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
- Critical Care Department, Clinica Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Pérez-Losada M, Castro-Nallar E, Laerte Boechat J, Delgado L, Azenha Rama T, Berrios-Farías V, Oliveira M. The oral bacteriomes of patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma differ from that of healthy controls. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1197135. [PMID: 37440882 PMCID: PMC10335798 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1197135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis and asthma are two of the most common chronic respiratory diseases in developed countries and have become a major public health concern. Substantial evidence has suggested a strong link between respiratory allergy and upper airway dysbacteriosis, but the role of the oral bacteriota is still poorly understood. Here we used 16S rRNA massive parallel sequencing to characterize the oral bacteriome of 344 individuals with allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic rhinitis with asthma (ARAS), asthma (AS) and healthy controls (CT). Four of the most abundant (>2%) phyla (Actinobacteriota, Firmicutes, Fusobacteriota, and Proteobacteria) and 10 of the dominant genera (Actinomyces, Fusobacterium, Gemella, Haemophilus, Leptotrichia, Neisseria, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Streptococcus, and Veillonella) in the oral cavity differed significantly (p ≤ 0.03) between AR, ARAS or AS and CT groups. The oral bacteriome of ARAS patients showed the highest intra-group diversity, while CT showed the lowest. All alpha-diversity indices of microbial richness and evenness varied significantly (p ≤ 0.022) in ARAS vs. CT and ARAS vs. AR, but they were not significantly different in AR vs. CT. All beta-diversity indices of microbial structure (Unifrac, Bray-Curtis, and Jaccard distances) differed significantly (p ≤ 0.049) between each respiratory disease group and controls. Bacteriomes of AR and ARAS patients showed 15 and 28 upregulated metabolic pathways (PICRUSt2) mainly related to degradation and biosynthesis (p < 0.05). A network analysis (SPIEC-EASI) of AR and ARAS bacteriomes depicted simpler webs of interactions among their members than those observed in the bacteriome of CT, suggesting chronic respiratory allergic diseases may disrupt bacterial connectivity in the oral cavity. This study, therefore, expands our understanding of the relationships between the oral bacteriome and allergy-related conditions. It demonstrates for the first time that the mouth harbors distinct bacteriotas during health and allergic rhinitis (with and without comorbid asthma) and identifies potential taxonomic and functional microbial biomarkers of chronic airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Pérez-Losada
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Computational Biology Institute, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Castro-Nallar
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Ecología Integrativa, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - José Laerte Boechat
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS@RISE), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Delgado
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS@RISE), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João (CHUSJ), Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Azenha Rama
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João (CHUSJ), Porto, Portugal
| | - Valentín Berrios-Farías
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Ecología Integrativa, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Manuela Oliveira
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Ipatimup—Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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9
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Karvela A, Veloudiou OZ, Karachaliou A, Kloukina T, Gomatou G, Kotteas E. Lung microbiome: an emerging player in lung cancer pathogenesis and progression. Clin Transl Oncol 2023:10.1007/s12094-023-03139-z. [PMID: 36995519 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome of the lungs, although until recently neglected, is now emerging as a potential contributor to chronic lung diseases, including cancer. Preclinical evidence suggests that the microbial burden of the lungs shapes the host immunity mechanisms and affects local antitumor immune responses. Studies of cohorts of patients with lung cancer reveal that different microbiome profiles are detected in patients with lung cancer compared to controls. In addition, an association between differential lung microbiome composition and distinct responses to immunotherapy has been suggested, yet, with limited data. Scarce evidence exists on the role of the lung microbiome in the development of metastases in the lungs. Interestingly, the lung microbiome is not isolated and interacts with the gut microbiome through a dynamic axis. Future research on the involvement of the lung microbiome in lung cancer pathogenesis and potential therapeutic implications is greatly anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Karvela
- Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, "Sotiria" General Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Messogion Ave 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Orsalia-Zoi Veloudiou
- Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, "Sotiria" General Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Messogion Ave 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Karachaliou
- Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, "Sotiria" General Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Messogion Ave 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Theoni Kloukina
- Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, "Sotiria" General Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Messogion Ave 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Gomatou
- Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, "Sotiria" General Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Messogion Ave 152, 11527, Athens, Greece.
| | - Elias Kotteas
- Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, "Sotiria" General Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Messogion Ave 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
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10
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Pérez-Losada M, Castro-Nallar E, Laerte Boechat J, Delgado L, Azenha Rama T, Berrios-Farías V, Oliveira M. Nasal Bacteriomes of Patients with Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis Show Unique Composition, Structure, Function and Interactions. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030683. [PMID: 36985258 PMCID: PMC10056468 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis and asthma are major public health concerns and economic burdens worldwide. However, little is known about nasal bacteriome dysbiosis during allergic rhinitis, alone or associated with asthma comorbidity. To address this knowledge gap we applied 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing to 347 nasal samples from participants with asthma (AS = 12), allergic rhinitis (AR = 53), allergic rhinitis with asthma (ARAS = 183) and healthy controls (CT = 99). One to three of the most abundant phyla, and five to seven of the dominant genera differed significantly (p < 0.021) between AS, AR or ARAS and CT groups. All alpha-diversity indices of microbial richness and evenness changed significantly (p < 0.01) between AR or ARAS and CT, while all beta-diversity indices of microbial structure differed significantly (p < 0.011) between each of the respiratory disease groups and controls. Bacteriomes of rhinitic and healthy participants showed 72 differentially expressed (p < 0.05) metabolic pathways each related mainly to degradation and biosynthesis processes. A network analysis of the AR and ARAS bacteriomes depicted more complex webs of interactions among their members than among those of healthy controls. This study demonstrates that the nose harbors distinct bacteriotas during health and respiratory disease and identifies potential taxonomic and functional biomarkers for diagnostics and therapeutics in asthma and rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Pérez-Losada
- Computational Biology Institute, Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Castro-Nallar
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Talca, Universidad de Talca, Avda. Lircay s/n, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Centro de Ecología Integrativa, Campus Talca, Universidad de Talca, Avda. Lircay s/n, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - José Laerte Boechat
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS@RISE), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luis Delgado
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS@RISE), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João (CHUSJ), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Azenha Rama
- Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS@RISE), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Valentín Berrios-Farías
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Talca, Universidad de Talca, Avda. Lircay s/n, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Centro de Ecología Integrativa, Campus Talca, Universidad de Talca, Avda. Lircay s/n, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Manuela Oliveira
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Ipatimup-Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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11
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Tang B, Hu Y, Chen J, Su C, Zhang Q, Huang C. Oral and fecal microbiota in patients with diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13114. [PMID: 36711269 PMCID: PMC9880401 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed at investigating the characteristics and correlation between oral (tongue coating) and fecal microbiota in patients with diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Methods Fifty-two IBS-D patients were chosen, with ten healthy volunteers serving as the normal control group. Tongue coating samples and fecal samples of subjects were sequenced for the 16S rRNA gene (V4-V5). Bioinformatics analysis was done on the test data to investigate oral and fecal microbiota composition characteristics in IBS-D patients. Results The microbial richness of tongue coating in IBS-D group was lower than that in the normal control group (P < 0.05). The beta diversity of tongue coating microbiota and fecal microbiota was significantly different in the IBS-D group compared to the normal control group (P < 0.05). Pseudomonadales (Pseudomonadaceae and Pseudomonas), Moraxellaceae, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus, and Alloprevotella were considerably high in number the tongue coating samples of the IBS-D group in comparison to the normal control group. Similarly, the fecal samples from the IBS-D group were significantly enriched in Alphaproteobacteria, Pseudomonadales (Pseudomonadaceae and Pseudomonas), Acidaminococcaceae, Phascolarctobacterium, Alloprevotella, and Escherichia compared to the normal control group. Conclusions The oral and fecal microbiotas of IBS-D patients differ from those of the control group; hence studying IBS-D from the perspective of the oral-gut microbiome axis is an interesting research avenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Tang
- Second Outpatient Department, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China,Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunlian Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,Corresponding author. Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.
| | - Chengxia Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,Corresponding author. First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaoqun Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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12
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Li X, Zhao C, Li C, Zhang M, Xie Y, Feng F, Yao W, Wang N. Detection and analysis of lung microbiota in mice with lung cancer lacking the NLRP3 gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 639:117-125. [PMID: 36481355 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To explore whether the lung microbiota have changed in the process of NLRP3 inflammasome promoting cancer, we constructed a murine lung cancer model using tracheal instillation of benzo(a)pyrene and an equal volume of tricaprylin, and characterized lung microbiota in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 24 SPF wild-type and NLRP3 gene knockout (NLRP3-/-) C57BL/6 mice. 16SrDNA sequencing was used to analyze the changes in the microbiota. The wild-type and the NLRP3-/- lung cancer group had statistically significant differences in tumor formation rate, tumor number, and tumor size. At the phylum and the genus level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Sphingomonas were the highest in each group respectively. Simpson (P = 0.002) and Shannon (P = 0.008) indexes showed that the diversity of microbiota in the lung cancer group was lower than that in the control group under the NLRP3-/- background. According to the ANOSIM and MRPP analysis, there was a difference between the NLRP3-/- lung cancer group and the NLRP3-/- control group (P < 0.05). The knockout of the NLRP3 gene caused changes in the lung microbiota of mice. There may be a regulatory relationship between the NLRP3 inflammasome and the lung microbiota, which affects the occurrence and development of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Li
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Congcong Zhao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chao Li
- President's Office, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuanchen Xie
- Henan Red Cross Blood Center, Zhengzhou, 450053, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wu Yao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Na Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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13
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Zhu J, Chen Y, Wu Y, Wang Y, Zhu K. Commensal bacteria contribute to the growth of multidrug-resistant Avibacterium paragallinarum in chickens. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1010584. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1010584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Avibacterium paragallinarum-associated infectious coryza (IC) is an important threat in commercial poultry. Previous studies about the characteristics of A. paragallinarum are succeeded in revealing the course of IC disease, but whether and how resident microbes contribute to the infection remains unclear. To understand the role of commensal bacteria, we isolated 467 commensal bacteria, including 38 A. paragallinarum, from the respiratory tract of IC chicken. The predominant commensal isolates were Gram-positive bacteria belonging to Staphylococcus spp. [33.19%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 28.93–37.66%], Enterococcus spp. (16.49%, 95% CI: 13.23–20.17%), and Bacillus spp. (16.27%, 95% CI: 13.04–19.94%). These isolates were closely correlated with the survival of A. paragallinarum. We examined and found that commensal bacteria aggravate A. paragallinarum-associated infections because certain commensal species (28.57%, 95% CI: 15.72–44.58%) induced hemolysis and promoted the growth of A. paragallinarum in vitro. Notably, A. paragallinarum showed high resistance to routine antibiotics such as erythromycin (84.21%, 95% CI: 68.75–93.98%), tetracycline (73.68%, 95% CI: 56.90–86.60%) and carried diverse mobile resistance gene clusters. Overall, we found commensal bacteria especially Gram-positive bacteria facilitate the survival of multidrug-resistant A. paragallinarum to exacerbate infections, suggesting that novel strategies may diminish A. paragallinarum-associated infections by modulating the population dynamics of commensal bacteria.
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14
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Merenstein C, Bushman FD, Collman RG. Alterations in the respiratory tract microbiome in COVID-19: current observations and potential significance. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:165. [PMID: 36195943 PMCID: PMC9532226 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01342-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection causes COVID-19 disease, which can result in consequences ranging from undetectable to fatal, focusing attention on the modulators of outcomes. The respiratory tract microbiome is thought to modulate the outcomes of infections such as influenza as well as acute lung injury, raising the question to what degree does the airway microbiome influence COVID-19? Here, we review the results of 56 studies examining COVID-19 and the respiratory tract microbiome, summarize the main generalizations, and point to useful avenues for further research. Although the results vary among studies, a few consistent findings stand out. The diversity of bacterial communities in the oropharynx typically declined with increasing disease severity. The relative abundance of Haemophilus and Neisseria also declined with severity. Multiple microbiome measures tracked with measures of systemic immune responses and COVID outcomes. For many of the conclusions drawn in these studies, the direction of causality is unknown-did an alteration in the microbiome result in increased COVID severity, did COVID severity alter the microbiome, or was some third factor the primary driver, such as medication use. Follow-up mechanistic studies can help answer these questions. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter Merenstein
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Frederic D. Bushman
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Ronald G. Collman
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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15
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Bou Zerdan M, Kassab J, Meouchy P, Haroun E, Nehme R, Bou Zerdan M, Fahed G, Petrosino M, Dutta D, Graziano S. The Lung Microbiota and Lung Cancer: A Growing Relationship. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194813. [PMID: 36230736 PMCID: PMC9563611 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the past few years, the microbiota has emerged as a major player in cancer management. The efficacy of chemotherapy or immunotherapy may be influenced by the concomitant use of antibiotics before, during, or shortly after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Despite this, the mechanism linking the microbiota, host immunity, and malignancies are not clear, and the role of microbiota manipulation and analyses in cancer management is underway. In this manuscript, we discuss the role of the microbiota in the initiation, progression, and treatment outcomes of lung cancer. Abstract The lung is home to a dynamic microbial population crucial to modulating immune balance. Interest in the role of the lung microbiota in disease pathogenesis and treatment has exponentially increased. In lung cancer, early studies suggested an important role of dysbiosis in tumor initiation and progression. These results have helped accelerate research into the lung microbiota as a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. Microbiota signatures could represent diagnostic biomarkers of early-stage disease. Lung microbiota research is in its infancy with a limited number of studies and only single-center studies with a significant methodological variation. Large, multicenter longitudinal studies are needed to establish the clinical potential of this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroun Bou Zerdan
- Department of Internal Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL 33326, USA
| | - Joseph Kassab
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 11072180, Lebanon
| | - Paul Meouchy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Naef K. Basile Cancer Institute, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Elio Haroun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Rami Nehme
- Department of Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Morgan Bou Zerdan
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Gracia Fahed
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Michael Petrosino
- Department of Internal Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Dibyendu Dutta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Correspondence: (D.D.); (S.G.)
| | - Stephen Graziano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Correspondence: (D.D.); (S.G.)
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16
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Smoking-induced microbial dysbiosis in health and disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1371-1387. [PMID: 36156126 PMCID: PMC9527826 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is associated with an increased risk of cancer, pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases, but the precise mechanisms by which such risk is mediated remain poorly understood. Additionally, smoking can impact the oral, nasal, oropharyngeal, lung and gut microbiome composition, function, and secreted molecule repertoire. Microbiome changes induced by smoking can bear direct consequences on smoking-related illnesses. Moreover, smoking-associated dysbiosis may modulate weight gain development following smoking cessation. Here, we review the implications of cigarette smoking on microbiome community structure and function. In addition, we highlight the potential impacts of microbial dysbiosis on smoking-related diseases. We discuss challenges in studying host–microbiome interactions in the context of smoking, such as the correlations with smoking-related disease severity versus causation and mechanism. In all, understanding the microbiome’s role in the pathophysiology of smoking-related diseases may promote the development of rational therapies for smoking- and smoking cessation-related disorders, as well as assist in smoking abstinence.
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17
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Millares L, Monso E. The Microbiome in COPD: Emerging Potential for Microbiome-Targeted Interventions. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2022; 17:1835-1845. [PMID: 35983167 PMCID: PMC9380728 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s371958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of interventions over the respiratory microbiome in COPD is to preserve the original microbial flora, focusing in taxa with a demonstrated impact on the prognosis of the disease. Inhaled therapy is the main treatment for COPD, and chronic corticosteroid use is recommended for patients with frequent exacerbations. This therapy, however, increases both the bronchial microbial load and the abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria in patients with low peripheral eosinophil counts, and to minimize its use in patients without peripheral eosinophilia, when possible, may avoid increases in bacterial loads of microorganisms as Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. In exacerbations antibiotics determine a decrease in the microbial diversity, a change that persists during stability periods in frequent exacerbators. High-diversity bronchial microbiomes are enriched in non-dominant genera and determine low exacerbation frequencies and survival improvement. Limiting the antibiotic use to the treatment of exacerbations which would clearly benefit would favor the diversity of the respiratory microbiome and may have a positive impact on quality of life and survival. Oral antiseptics have shown and effect on the bronchial microbiome that was associated with improvements in quality of life, and the gut microbiome may be also modified through the oral administration of probiotics or prebiotics, that potentially may determine decreases in lung inflammation and bronchial hyperreactivity. High fiber diets also favor the production of anti-inflammatory molecules by the digestive flora, which would reach the respiratory system through the bloodstream. Interventional approaches favoring the preservation of the respiratory microbiome in COPD need first to select accurately the patients who would benefit from long-term inhaled corticosteroids and antibiotic treatments during exacerbations, under the hypothesis that keeping a respiratory microbiome close to the healthy subject would favor the respiratory health. Additionally, high fiber diets may be able to modify the gut microbiome and influence the respiratory system through the gut-lung axis. Therapeutic approaches targeting the microbiome to improve COPD, however, still require clinical validation and the identification of patient subtypes who would benefit the most with their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Millares
- Airway Inflammation Research Group, Parc Taulí Research and Innovation Institute - I3PT - Parc Taulí Foundation, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Monso
- Airway Inflammation Research Group, Parc Taulí Research and Innovation Institute - I3PT - Parc Taulí Foundation, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Autonomous University of Barcelona - UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Stankovic M, Veljovic K, Popovic N, Kojic S, Dunjic Manevski S, Radojkovic D, Golic N. Lactobacillus brevis BGZLS10-17 and Lb. plantarum BGPKM22 Exhibit Anti-Inflammatory Effect by Attenuation of NF-κB and MAPK Signaling in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105547. [PMID: 35628361 PMCID: PMC9146699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchial epithelial cells are exposed to environmental influences, microbiota, and pathogens and also serve as a powerful effector that initiate and propagate inflammation by the release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Recent studies suggested that lung microbiota differ between inflammatory lung diseases and healthy lungs implicating their contribution in the modulation of lung immunity. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are natural inhabitants of healthy human lungs and also possess immunomodulatory effects, but so far, there are no studies investigating their anti-inflammatory potential in respiratory cells. In this study, we investigated immunomodulatory features of 21 natural LAB strains in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Our results show that several LAB strains reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine genes. We also demonstrated that two LAB strains, Lactobacillus brevis BGZLS10-17 and Lb. plantarum BGPKM22, effectively attenuated LPS-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) nuclear translocation. Moreover, BGZLS10-17 and BGPKM22 reduced the activation of p38, extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), and c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling cascade resulting in a reduction of pro-inflammatory mediator expressions in BEAS-2B cells. Collectively, the LAB strains BGZLS10-17 and BGPKM22 exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in BEAS-2B cells and could be employed to balance immune response in lungs and replenish diminished lung microbiota in chronic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Stankovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.K.); (S.D.M.); (D.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarina Veljovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.V.); (N.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Nikola Popovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.V.); (N.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Snezana Kojic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.K.); (S.D.M.); (D.R.)
| | - Sofija Dunjic Manevski
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.K.); (S.D.M.); (D.R.)
| | - Dragica Radojkovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.K.); (S.D.M.); (D.R.)
| | - Natasa Golic
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.V.); (N.P.); (N.G.)
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Palmer CS, Kimmey JM. Neutrophil Recruitment in Pneumococcal Pneumonia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:894644. [PMID: 35646729 PMCID: PMC9136017 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.894644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) is the primary agent of community-acquired pneumonia. Neutrophils are innate immune cells that are essential for bacterial clearance during pneumococcal pneumonia but can also do harm to host tissue. Neutrophil migration in pneumococcal pneumonia is therefore a major determinant of host disease outcomes. During Spn infection, detection of the bacterium leads to an increase in proinflammatory signals and subsequent expression of integrins and ligands on both the neutrophil as well as endothelial and epithelial cells. These integrins and ligands mediate the tethering and migration of the neutrophil from the bloodstream to the site of infection. A gradient of host-derived and bacterial-derived chemoattractants contribute to targeted movement of neutrophils. During pneumococcal pneumonia, neutrophils are rapidly recruited to the pulmonary space, but studies show that some of the canonical neutrophil migratory machinery is dispensable. Investigation of neutrophil migration is necessary for us to understand the dynamics of pneumococcal infection. Here, we summarize what is known about the pathways that lead to migration of the neutrophil from the capillaries to the lung during pneumococcal infection.
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20
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Basu A, Singh R, Gupta S. Bacterial infections in cancer: A bilateral relationship. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1771. [PMID: 34994112 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria share a long commensal relationship with the human body. New findings, however, continue to unravel many complexities associated with this old alliance. In the past decades, the dysbiosis of human microbiome has been linked to tumorigenesis, and more recently to spontaneous colonization of existing tumors. The topic, however, remains open for debate as the claims for causative-prevailing dual characteristics of bacteria are mostly based on epidemiological evidence rather than robust mechanistic models. There are also no reviews linking the collective impact of bacteria in tumor microenvironments to the efficacy of cancer drugs, mechanisms of pathogen-initiated cancer and bacterial colonization, personalized nanomedicine, nanotechnology, and antimicrobial resistance. In this review, we provide a holistic overview of the bilateral relationship between cancer and bacteria covering all these aspects. Our collated evidence from the literature does not merely categorize bacteria as cancer causative or prevailing agents, but also critically highlights the gaps in the literature where more detailed studies may be required to reach such a conclusion. Arguments are made in favor of dual drug therapies that can simultaneously co-target bacteria and cancer cells to overcome drug resistance. Also discussed are the opportunities for leveraging the natural colonization and remission power of bacteria for cancer treatment. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhirup Basu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Rohini Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Shalini Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
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21
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Smoking has disruptive effects on the small bowel luminal microbiome. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6231. [PMID: 35422064 PMCID: PMC9010470 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10132-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of cancer, and affects the respiratory, oral, fecal, and duodenal mucosa-associated microbiota. However, the effects of smoking on the duodenal luminal microbiome have not been studied directly. We aimed to compare the duodenal luminal microbiome in never-smokers, current smokers, and ex-smokers who quit ≥ 10 years ago. In a cross-sectional study, current smokers (CS, n = 24) were identified and matched to never-smokers (NS, n = 27) and ex-smokers (XS, n = 27) by age (± 5 years), body mass index (BMI, ± 3 kg/m2), and sex. Current antibiotic users were excluded. The duodenal luminal microbiome was analysed in 1 aspirate sample per subject by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Relative abundances (RA) of families associated with increased duodenal microbial diversity, Prevotellaceae, Neisseriaceae, and Porphyromonadaceae, were significantly lower in CS vs. NS. This was driven by lower RA of unknown Prevotella and Porphyromonas species, and Neisseria subflava and N. cinerea, in CS. In contrast, RA of Enterobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae (associated with decreased diversity), were significantly higher in CS, due to higher RA of Escherichia-Shigella, Klebsiella and Lactobacillus species. Many of these changes were absent or less pronounced in XS, who exhibited a duodenal luminal microbiome more similar to NS. RA of taxa previously found to be increased in the oral and respiratory microbiota of smokers were also higher in the duodenal luminal microbiome, including Bulledia extructa and an unknown Filifactor species. In conclusion, smoking is associated with an altered duodenal luminal microbiome. However, ex-smokers have a duodenal luminal microbiome that is similar to never-smokers.
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22
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De R, Dutta S. Role of the Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:736397. [PMID: 35433495 PMCID: PMC9009446 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.736397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing pandemic coronavirus disease COVID-19 is caused by the highly contagious single-stranded RNA virus, SARS-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has a high rate of evolution like other RNA viruses. The first genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 were available in early 2020. Subsequent whole-genome sequencing revealed that the virus had accumulated several mutations in genes associated with viral replication and pathogenesis. These variants showed enhanced transmissibility and infectivity. Soon after the first outbreak due to the wild-type strain in December 2019, a genetic variant D614G emerged in late January to early February 2020 and became the dominant genotype worldwide. Thereafter, several variants emerged, which were found to harbor mutations in essential viral genes encoding proteins that could act as drug and vaccine targets. Numerous vaccines have been successfully developed to assuage the burden of COVID-19. These have different rates of efficacy, including, although rarely, a number of vaccinated individuals exhibiting side effects like thrombosis. However, the recent emergence of the Britain strain with 70% more transmissibility and South African variants with higher resistance to vaccines at a time when several countries have approved these for mass immunization has raised tremendous concern regarding the long-lasting impact of currently available prophylaxis. Apart from studies addressing the pathophysiology, pathogenesis, and therapeutic targets of SARS-CoV-2, analysis of the gut, oral, nasopharyngeal, and lung microbiome dysbiosis has also been undertaken to find a link between the microbiome and the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Therefore, in the current scenario of skepticism regarding vaccine efficacy and challenges over the direct effects of currently available drugs looming large, investigation of alternative therapeutic avenues based on the microbiome can be a rewarding finding. This review presents the currently available understanding of microbiome dysbiosis and its association with cause and consequence of COVID-19. Taking cues from other inflammatory diseases, we propose a hypothesis of how the microbiome may be influencing homeostasis, pro-inflammatory condition, and the onset of inflammation. This accentuates the importance of a healthy microbiome as a protective element to prevent the onset of COVID-19. Finally, the review attempts to identify areas where the application of microbiome research can help in reducing the burden of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna De
- Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkota, India
- Division of Immunology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkota, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkota, India
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Yu T, Su S, Hu J, Zhang J, Xianyu Y. A New Strategy for Microbial Taxonomic Identification through Micro-Biosynthetic Gold Nanoparticles and Machine Learning. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109365. [PMID: 34989446 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms can serve as biological factories for the synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials that can become useful as nanocatalysts, energy-harvesting-storage components, antibacterial agents, and biomedical materials. Herein, the development of biosynthesis of inorganic nanomaterials into a simple, stable, and accurate strategy for distinguishing microorganisms from multiple classification levels (i.e., kingdom, order, genus, and species) without gene amplification, biochemical testing, or target recognition is reported. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) biosynthesized by different microorganisms differ in color of the solution, and their features can be characterized, including the particle size, the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectrum, and the surface potential. The inter-relation between the features of micro-biosynthetic AuNPs and the classification of microorganisms are exploited at different levels through machine learning to establish a taxonomic model. This model agrees well with traditional classification methods that offers a new strategy for microbial taxonomic identification. The underlying mechanism of this strategy is related to the biomolecules produced by different microorganisms including glucose, glutathione, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent reductase that regulate the features of micro-biosynthetic AuNPs. This work broadens the application of biosynthesis of inorganic materials through micro-biosynthetic AuNPs and machine learning, which holds great promise as a tool for biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shixuan Su
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jing Hu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yunlei Xianyu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, China
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24
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Yuan Y, Wang C, Wang G, Guo X, Jiang S, Zuo X, Wang X, Hsu ACY, Qi M, Wang F. Airway Microbiome and Serum Metabolomics Analysis Identify Differential Candidate Biomarkers in Allergic Rhinitis. Front Immunol 2022; 12:771136. [PMID: 35069544 PMCID: PMC8766840 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.771136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common heterogeneous chronic disease with a high prevalence and a complex pathogenesis influenced by numerous factors, involving a combination of genetic and environmental factors. To gain insight into the pathogenesis of AR and to identity diagnostic biomarkers, we combined systems biology approach to analyze microbiome and serum composition. We collected inferior turbinate swabs and serum samples to study the microbiome and serum metabolome of 28 patients with allergic rhinitis and 15 healthy individuals. We sequenced the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rDNA gene from the upper respiratory samples. Metabolomics was used to examine serum samples. Finally, we combined differential microbiota and differential metabolites to find potential biomarkers. We found no significant differences in diversity between the disease and control groups, but changes in the structure of the microbiota. Compared to the HC group, the AR group showed a significantly higher abundance of 1 phylum (Actinobacteria) and 7 genera (Klebsiella, Prevotella and Staphylococcus, etc.) and a significantly lower abundance of 1 genus (Pelomonas). Serum metabolomics revealed 26 different metabolites (Prostaglandin D2, 20-Hydroxy-leukotriene B4 and Linoleic acid, etc.) and 16 disrupted metabolic pathways (Linoleic acid metabolism, Arachidonic acid metabolism and Tryptophan metabolism, etc.). The combined respiratory microbiome and serum metabolomics datasets showed a degree of correlation reflecting the influence of the microbiome on metabolic activity. Our results show that microbiome and metabolomics analyses provide important candidate biomarkers, and in particular, differential genera in the microbiome have also been validated by random forest prediction models. Differential microbes and differential metabolites have the potential to be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Yuan
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoping Guo
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shengyu Jiang
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu Zuo
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinlei Wang
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Alan Chen-Yu Hsu
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke - National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mingran Qi
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Smoking Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Arguments for a Distinctive Phenotype and a Personalized Intervention. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12020293. [PMID: 35207781 PMCID: PMC8875333 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This is the first study that aims to define smoking, with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), as a phenotype (SOSA). Moreover, we wanted to demonstrate the deleterious effects of the continuation of smoking on OSA. Methods: The cross-sectional study highlighted four dimensions of SOSA: the demographic and anthropometric features, the symptoms, the comorbidities, and the sleep study parameters. This study compared these characteristics between current smokers (CS), those who have never smoked (NS), and ex-smokers (ES) with OSA. Results: More men (83.95% in CS, versus 66.67% in NS) and an earlier onset of OSA (average age = 50.05 in CS, versus 52.26 in NS, p = 0.04) were recorded among CS. The distinguishing symptom of CS was daytime sleepiness, with an Epworth score that was significantly higher than in NS. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was significantly more prevalent in CS (38.27%) than in NS (1.51%) (p < 0.001). The severity of OSA, consisting of a higher apnea-hypopnea index, a higher oxygen desaturation index, and a longer time spent below 90% oxygen saturation during sleep was significantly influenced by smoking. Conclusions: The SOSA phenotype includes younger male patients with a higher waist circumference, suggesting central obesity. They have a higher prevalence of COPD and a greater severity of OSA, in correlation with the number of pack-years of smoking.
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Cardelli E, Calvigioni M, Vecchione A, Macera L, Mazzantini D, Celandroni F, Panattoni A, Pistello M, Maggi F, Ghelardi E, Mannella P. Delivery Mode Shapes the Composition of the Lower Airways Microbiota in Newborns. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:808390. [PMID: 35004360 PMCID: PMC8733567 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.808390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Radical alterations in the human microbiota composition are well-known to be associated with many pathological conditions. If these aberrations are established at the time of birth, the risk of developing correlated pathologies throughout life is significantly increased. For this reason, all newborns should begin their lives with a proper microbiota in each body district. The present study aimed at demonstrating a correlation between the mode of delivery and the development of a well-balanced microbiota in the lower airways of newborns. 44 pregnant women were enrolled in this study. Microbiological comparative analysis was carried out on tracheobronchial secretions of babies born through vaginal delivery (VD) or caesarean section (CS). All samples showed the presence of bacterial DNA, regardless of the mode of delivery. No viable cultivable bacteria were isolated from the CS samples. On the contrary, VD allowed colonization of the lower airways by alive cultivable bacteria. The identification of bacterial species revealed that Lactobacillus spp. and Bacteroides vulgatus were the most common microorganisms in the lower airways of vaginally-delivered newborns. Data obtained from quantitative PCRs showed a significantly higher total bacterial load, as well as Firmicutes and Lactobacillus spp. amount, in VD samples than CS ones, while no statistically significant difference was found in Torque Teno Virus (TTV) load between samples. Taken together, our findings confirm the hypothesis that passage through the maternal vaginal canal determines more beneficial colonization of the lower airways in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Cardelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Calvigioni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Lisa Macera
- Microbiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Diletta Mazzantini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Celandroni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Adelaide Panattoni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mauro Pistello
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Emilia Ghelardi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Mannella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Zhao L, Cho WC, Luo JL. Exploring the patient-microbiome interaction patterns for pan-cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:3068-3079. [PMID: 35782745 PMCID: PMC9233187 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer subtype-specific sets of microbiomes, making pan-cancer heterogeneity at the microbial level. Approximately 60% of the untreated cancer patients have experienced microbial composition changes in their tumor tissues. Colorectal cancer (CRC) was largely composed of two subtypes (S4 and S6) driven by different microbial profiles. The identified seven pan-cancer subtypes with 424 subtype-specific microbial signatures will help us find new therapeutic targets and better treatment strategies for cancer patients.
Microbes play important roles in human health and disease. Immunocompromised cancer patients are more vulnerable to getting microbial infections. Regions of hypoxia and acidic tumor microenvironment shape the microbial community diversity and abundance. Each cancer has its own microbiome, making cancer-specific sets of microbiomes. High-throughput profiling technologies provide a culture-free approach for microbial profiling in tumor samples. Microbial compositional data was extracted and examined from the TCGA unmapped transcriptome data. Biclustering, correlation, and statistical analyses were performed to determine the seven patient-microbe interaction patterns. These two-dimensional patterns consist of a group of microbial species that show significant over-representation over the 7 pan-cancer subtypes (S1-S7), respectively. Approximately 60% of the untreated cancer patients have experienced tissue microbial composition and functional changes between subtypes and normal controls. Among these changes, subtype S5 had loss of microbial diversity as well as impaired immune functions. S1, S2, and S3 had been enriched with microbial signatures derived from the Gammaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, respectively. Colorectal cancer (CRC) was largely composed of two subtypes, namely S4 and S6, driven by different microbial profiles. S4 patients had increased microbial load, and were enriched with CRC-related oncogenic pathways. S6 CRC together with other cancer patients, making up almost 40% of all cases were classified into the S6 subtype, which not only resembled the normal control’s microbiota but also retained their original “normal-like” functions. Lastly, the S7 was a rare and understudied subtype. Our study investigated the pan-cancer heterogeneity at the microbial level. The identified seven pan-cancer subtypes with 424 subtype-specific microbial signatures will help us find new therapeutic targets and better treatment strategies for cancer patients.
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28
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The Interaction among Microbiota, Epigenetic Regulation, and Air Pollutants in Disease Prevention. J Pers Med 2021; 12:jpm12010014. [PMID: 35055330 PMCID: PMC8777767 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollutants can influence microbiota variety, with important implications for the general wellbeing of organisms. In subjects at high-risk of cancer, gut, and lung microbiota are distinct from those of low-risk subjects, and disease progression is associated with microbiota alterations. As with many inflammatory diseases, it is the combination of specific host and environmental factors in certain individuals that provokes disease outcomes. The microbiota metabolites influence activity of epigenetic enzymes. The knowledge of the mechanisms of action of environmental pollution now includes not only the alteration of the gut microbiota but also the interaction between different human microbiota niches such as the lung–gut axis. The epigenetic regulations can reprogram differentiated cells in response to environmental changes. The microbiota can play a major role in the progression and suppression of several epigenetic diseases. Accordingly, the maintenance of a balanced microbiota by monitoring the environmental stimuli provides a novel preventive approach for disease prevention. Metagenomics technologies can be utilized to establish new mitigation approaches for diseases induced by polluted environments. The purpose of this review is to examine the effects of particulate matter exposure on the progression of disease outcomes as related to the alterations of gut and lung microbial communities and consequent epigenetic modifications.
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29
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Tosta E. The seven constitutive respiratory defense barriers against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2021; 54:e04612021. [PMID: 34932765 PMCID: PMC8687496 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0461-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Before eliciting an adaptive immune response, SARS-CoV-2 must overcome seven constitutive respiratory defense barriers. The first is the mucus covering the respiratory tract's luminal surface, which entraps inhaled particles, including infectious agents, and eliminates them by mucociliary clearance. The second barrier comprises various components present in the airway lining fluid, the surfactants. Besides providing low surface tension that allows efficient gas exchange at the alveoli, surfactants inhibit the invasion of epithelial cells by respiratory viruses, enhance pathogen uptake by phagocytes, and regulate immune cells' functions. The respiratory tract microbiota constitutes the third defense barrier against SARS-CoV-2. It activates the innate and adaptive immune cells and elicits anti-infectious molecules such as secretory IgA antibodies, defensins, and interferons. The fourth defense barrier comprises the antimicrobial peptides defensins, and lactoferrin. They show direct antiviral activity, inhibit viral fusion, and modulate the innate and adaptive immune responses. Secretory IgA antibodies, the fifth defense barrier, besides protecting the local microbiota against noxious agents, also inhibit SARS-CoV-2 cell invasion. If the virus overcomes this barrier, it reaches its target, the respiratory epithelial cells. However, these cells also act as a defense barrier, the sixth one, since they hinder the virus' access to receptors and produce antiviral and immunomodulatory molecules such as interferons, lactoferrin, and defensins. Finally, the sensing of the virus by the cells of innate immunity, the last constitutive defense barrier, elicits a cascade of signals that activate adaptive immune cells and may inhibit the development of productive infection. The subject of the present essay is discussing these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Tosta
- Professor Emeritus, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF , Brasil
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30
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Jin A, Zhao Y, Yuan Y, Ma S, Chen J, Yang X, Lu S, Sun Q. Single Treatment of Vitamin D3 Ameliorates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury through Changing Lung Rodentibacter abundance. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 66:e2100952. [PMID: 34894076 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by severe inflammation. Vitamin D3 is discussed to reduce inflammation in ALI, but the mechanism is not well understood. This study assesses the effect of different calcitriol administration strategies on inflammation and the lung microbiota composition in ALI. In a mouse model, the alveolus and airway pathology are assessed by immunohistology. mRNA expression is determined by Real-Time Quantitative PCR and protein expressions is detected by Western-blotting. The composition of microbiota is performed by 16s DNA high-throughput sequencing. Short-term vitamin D3 supplementation prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI by preventing pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). In contrast, long-term treatment over 3 days, 6 days, or 10 days had no such effect. Short-term vitamin D3, but not long-term pretreatment significantly reduces the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, but upregulates the phosphorylation of inhibitor of nuclear factor-κ-gene binding. Furthermore, an increased relative abundance of Rodentibacter genus in LPS-challenged mice bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is observed, which is sensitive to short-term vitamin D3 treatment, effectively alleviating the Rodentibacter abundance. Correlation analysis shows that the load of Rodentibacter positively correlated with the IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α gene expression. The data support that a single administration of vitamin D3 may work as an adjuvant therapy for acute lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Jin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Shulan Ma
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Shemin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Qingzhu Sun
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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Najafi S, Abedini F, Azimzadeh Jamalkandi S, Shariati P, Ahmadi A, Gholami Fesharaki M. The composition of lung microbiome in lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:315. [PMID: 34763672 PMCID: PMC8582175 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02375-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although recent studies have indicated that imbalance in the respiratory microbiome composition is linked to several chronic respiratory diseases, the association between the lung microbiome and lung cancer has not been extensively studied. Conflicting reports of individual studies on respiratory microbiome alterations in lung cancer complicate the matter for specifying how the lung microbiome is linked to lung cancer. Consequently, as the first meta-analysis on this topic, we integrate publicly available 16S rRNA gene sequence data on lung tissue samples of lung cancer patients to identify bacterial taxa which differ consistently between case and control groups. Results The findings of the current study suggest that the relative abundance of several bacterial taxa including Actinobacteria phylum, Corynebacteriaceae and Halomonadaceae families, and Corynebacterium, Lachnoanaerobaculum, and Halomonas genera is significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in lung tumor tissues of lung cancer patients in comparison with tumor-adjacent normal tissues. Conclusions Despite the underlying need for scrutinizing the findings further, the present study lays the groundwork for future research and adds to our limited understanding of the key role of the lung microbiome and its complex interaction with lung cancer. More data on demographic factors and tumor tissue types would help establish a greater degree of accuracy in characterizing the lung microbial community which accords with subtypes and stages of the disease and fully capturing the changes of the lung microbiome in lung cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02375-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Najafi
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abedini
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Azimzadeh Jamalkandi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Shariati
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Hong L, Chen Y, Ye L. Characteristics of the lung microbiota in lower respiratory tract infections with and without history of pneumonia. Bioengineered 2021; 12:10480-10490. [PMID: 34719313 PMCID: PMC8809942 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1997563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung microbiota plays an important role in many diseases including lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) and pneumonia. This study aimed to explore the effects of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) on microbial diversity and identify potential biomarkers of respiratory tract in CAP LRTI patients. In the current study, a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was performed based on metagenomic next generation sequencing technology, followed by alpha and beta diversity, LEfSe, and co-occurrence network analysis, and random forest model construction. Our results showed that CAP dramatically influenced taxon abundance, and the significant differences in microbiota including Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Euryarchaeota, Firmicutes and Spirochaetes were observed at the phylum level. Co-occurrence network selected out novel modules involved in microbial proliferation-associated pathways. A random forest model screened Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus cereus as potential diagnostic biomarkers with high AUC values. The microbial composition was different between CAP LRTI patients and non-CAP LRTI patients. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus cereus were strongly associated with increased severity of LRTI with a pneumonia history. Our findings provided an insight for a better understanding of community and structure of lung microbiota for future diagnosis and treatment in LRTI patients with a history of pneumonia. Moreover, these microbes were considered as potential biomarkers for predicting the risks for the treatment strategies of LRTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Hong
- Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, the Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, 101 Min'an Road, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, the Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, 101 Min'an Road, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ling Ye
- Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, the Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, 101 Min'an Road, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
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Hernández-Terán A, Mejía-Nepomuceno F, Herrera MT, Barreto O, García E, Castillejos M, Boukadida C, Matias-Florentino M, Rincón-Rubio A, Avila-Rios S, Mújica-Sánchez M, Serna-Muñoz R, Becerril-Vargas E, Guadarrama-Pérez C, Ahumada-Topete VH, Rodríguez-Llamazares S, Martínez-Orozco JA, Salas-Hernández J, Pérez-Padilla R, Vázquez-Pérez JA. Dysbiosis and structural disruption of the respiratory microbiota in COVID-19 patients with severe and fatal outcomes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21297. [PMID: 34716394 PMCID: PMC8556282 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00851-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak has caused over three million deaths worldwide. Understanding the pathology of the disease and the factors that drive severe and fatal clinical outcomes is of special relevance. Studying the role of the respiratory microbiota in COVID-19 is especially important as the respiratory microbiota is known to interact with the host immune system, contributing to clinical outcomes in chronic and acute respiratory diseases. Here, we characterized the microbiota in the respiratory tract of patients with mild, severe, or fatal COVID-19, and compared it to healthy controls and patients with non-COVID-19-pneumonia. We comparatively studied the microbial composition, diversity, and microbiota structure between the study groups and correlated the results with clinical data. We found differences in the microbial composition for COVID-19 patients, healthy controls, and non-COVID-19 pneumonia controls. In particular, we detected a high number of potentially opportunistic pathogens associated with severe and fatal levels of the disease. Also, we found higher levels of dysbiosis in the respiratory microbiota of patients with COVID-19 compared to the healthy controls. In addition, we detected differences in diversity structure between the microbiota of patients with mild, severe, and fatal COVID-19, as well as the presence of specific bacteria that correlated with clinical variables associated with increased risk of mortality. In summary, our results demonstrate that increased dysbiosis of the respiratory tract microbiota in patients with COVID-19 along with a continuous loss of microbial complexity structure found in mild to fatal COVID-19 cases may potentially alter clinical outcomes in patients. Taken together, our findings identify the respiratory microbiota as a factor potentially associated with the severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Hernández-Terán
- Departamento de Investigación en Tabaquismo y EPOC, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Fidencio Mejía-Nepomuceno
- Departamento de Investigación en Tabaquismo y EPOC, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - María Teresa Herrera
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Omar Barreto
- Coordinación de Atención Médica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Emma García
- Coordinación de Atención Médica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Manuel Castillejos
- Departamento de Unidad de Epidemiología Hospitalaria e Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Celia Boukadida
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, CIENI, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Margarita Matias-Florentino
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, CIENI, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Alma Rincón-Rubio
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, CIENI, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Santiago Avila-Rios
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, CIENI, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Mario Mújica-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Serna-Muñoz
- Departamento de Investigación en Tabaquismo y EPOC, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Becerril-Vargas
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Cristobal Guadarrama-Pérez
- Servicio de Urgencias Médicas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Víctor Hugo Ahumada-Topete
- Departamento de Unidad de Epidemiología Hospitalaria e Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Sebastián Rodríguez-Llamazares
- Departamento de Investigación en Tabaquismo y EPOC, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - José Arturo Martínez-Orozco
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Jorge Salas-Hernández
- Dirección General INER, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Pérez-Padilla
- Departamento de Investigación en Tabaquismo y EPOC, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Joel Armando Vázquez-Pérez
- Departamento de Investigación en Tabaquismo y EPOC, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, INER, Mexico, Mexico.
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Tourelle KM, Boutin S, Weigand MA, Schmitt FCF. Sepsis and the Human Microbiome. Just Another Kind of Organ Failure? A Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10214831. [PMID: 34768350 PMCID: PMC8585089 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been further optimised during the last years and has given us new insights into the human microbiome. The 16S rDNA sequencing, especially, is a cheap, fast, and reliable method that can reveal significantly more microorganisms compared to culture-based diagnostics. It might be a useful method for patients suffering from severe sepsis and at risk of organ failure because early detection and differentiation between healthy and harmful microorganisms are essential for effective therapy. In particular, the gut and lung microbiome in critically ill patients have been probed by NGS. For this review, an iterative approach was used. Current data suggest that an altered microbiome with a decreased alpha-diversity compared to healthy individuals could negatively influence the individual patient’s outcome. In the future, NGS may not only contribute to the diagnosis of complications. Patients at risk could also be identified before surgery or even during their stay in an intensive care unit. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of knowledge to make precise statements about what constitutes a healthy microbiome, which patients exactly have an increased perioperative risk, and what could be a possible therapy to strengthen the microbiome. This work is an iterative review that presents the current state of knowledge in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Tourelle
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 420, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.M.T.); (M.A.W.)
| | - Sebastien Boutin
- Department of Infectious Disease, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital, 324, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Markus A. Weigand
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 420, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.M.T.); (M.A.W.)
| | - Felix C. F. Schmitt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 420, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.M.T.); (M.A.W.)
- Correspondence:
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35
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Arruda AG, Deblais L, Hale VL, Madden C, Pairis-Garcia M, Srivastava V, Kathayat D, Kumar A, Rajashekara G. A cross-sectional study of the nasal and fecal microbiota of sows from different health status within six commercial swine farms. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12120. [PMID: 34616608 PMCID: PMC8451438 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cull sows are a unique population on swine farms, often representing poor producing or compromised animals, and even though recent studies have reported that the microbiome is associated with susceptibility to diseases, the microbiome of the cull sow population has not been explored. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether there were differences in fecal and upper respiratory tract microbiota composition for groups of sows of different health status (healthy, cull, and compromised/ clinical sows) and from different farms (1 to 6). Methods Six swine farms were visited once. Thirty individual fecal samples and nasal swabs were obtained at each farm and pooled by five across health status and farm. Samples underwent 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and nasal and fecal microbiota were analyzed using QIIME2 v.2021.4. Results Overall, the diversity of the nasal microbiota was lower than the fecal microbiota (p < 0.01). No significant differences were found in fecal or nasal alpha diversity by sow's health status or by farm. There were significant differences in nasal microbial composition by farm and health status (PERMANOVA, p < 0.05), and in fecal microbiota by farm (PERMANOVA, p < 0.05), but not by health status. Lastly, at the L7 level, there was one differentially abundant taxa across farms for each nasal and fecal pooled samples. Discussion This study provided baseline information for nasal and fecal microbiota of sows under field conditions, and results suggest that farm of origin can affect microbial diversity and composition. Furthermore, sow's health status may have an impact on the nasal microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia G Arruda
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Loic Deblais
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Vanessa L Hale
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Christopher Madden
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Monique Pairis-Garcia
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Vishal Srivastava
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Dipak Kathayat
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Anand Kumar
- Biosecurity and Public Health Group, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States of America
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
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36
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Chen J, Jin A, Huang L, Zhao Y, Li Y, Zhang H, Yang X, Sun Q. Dynamic Changes in Lung Microbiota of Broilers in Response to Aging and Ammonia Stress. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:696913. [PMID: 34421851 PMCID: PMC8371464 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.696913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive microbial analysis has revealed that the lung harbors a complex variety of microbiota, and although the dynamic distribution of the lung microbiota in mice and laying hens of different ages is well established, this distribution has not been clarified in broilers of different ages. Here, we performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing of lung lavage fluid from broilers at 3 (3D), 7 (7D), 14 (14D), 21 (21D), and 35 (35D) days of age to evaluate changes in the composition of their lung microbiota. Upon examination of the composition and function of the broiler lung microbiota, we found that their maturation increased significantly with age. Specifically, the microbiota composition was similar between 7 and 14D and between 21 and 35D. The relative abundance of aerobic bacteria in the broiler lungs gradually increased as the broilers developed, whereas the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria reached its highest level at 3D. The relative abundance of predicted functions in microbiota was very similar among 3, 7, and 14D, whereas the Glycan Biosynthesis and Metabolism pathway in microbiota was enriched at 21D. These findings suggest that these metabolic pathways play critical roles in shaping broiler microbiota at these age stages. In addition, short-term external ammonia stimulation significantly increased lung inflammation but did not significantly affect the lung microbiota. Taken together, these data reveal the dynamics of age-related changes in the microbiota of broiler lungs and the stability (the significant variation in the microbial composition) of these microbial communities in response to short-term ammonia stress. These findings provide new insights into the development of broiler lung microbiota and serve as a reference for subsequent studies to evaluate disease prevention in broilers subjected to large-scale breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ai Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lei Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yuwen Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Haotian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qingzhu Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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37
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Pfeiffer S, Herzmann C, Gaede KI, Kovacevic D, Krauss-Etschmann S, Schloter M. Different responses of the oral, nasal and lung microbiomes to cigarette smoke. Thorax 2021; 77:191-195. [PMID: 34389656 PMCID: PMC8762037 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To examine the role of smoking on the bacterial community composition of the upper and the lower respiratory tract, a monocentric, controlled prospective study was performed, including healthy smokers, ex-smokers and never-smokers. Smokers were further grouped according to their smoking history. Bacterial diversity was analysed using a molecular barcoding approach based on directly extracted DNA. Our study shows for the first time distinct bacterial response patterns in the upper and lower respiratory tract to cigarette smoking leading to a higher abundance of opportunistic pathogens. The clinical significance of these dysbioses for health needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Pfeiffer
- Technical University of Munich ZIEL - Institute for Food and Health, Freising, Germany.,Research Unit of Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Herzmann
- Center for Clinical Studies, Research Center Borstel - Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany.,Clinical Trials Unit, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Borstel, Germany
| | - Karoline I Gaede
- BioMaterialBank North, Research Center Borstel - Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany
| | - Draginja Kovacevic
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany.,Early Life Origins of Chronic Lung Disease, Research Center Borstel - Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Susanne Krauss-Etschmann
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany .,Early Life Origins of Chronic Lung Disease, Research Center Borstel - Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany.,Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Schloter
- Technical University of Munich ZIEL - Institute for Food and Health, Freising, Germany.,Research Unit of Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Center Munich German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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38
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Hoque MN, Rahman MS, Ahmed R, Hossain MS, Islam MS, Islam T, Hossain MA, Siddiki AZ. Diversity and genomic determinants of the microbiomes associated with COVID-19 and non-COVID respiratory diseases. GENE REPORTS 2021; 23:101200. [PMID: 33977168 PMCID: PMC8102076 DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rapidly emerging and highly transmissible disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Understanding the microbiomes associated with the upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and COVID-19 diseases has clinical interest. We hypothesize that microbiome diversity and composition, and their genomic features are associated with different pathological conditions of these human respiratory tract diseases. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed 21 RNASeq metagenomic data including eleven COVID-19 (BD = 6 and China = 5), six COPD (UK = 6) and four URTI (USA = 4) samples to unravel the microbiome diversity and related genomic metabolic functions. The metagenomic data mapped to 534 bacterial, 60 archaeal and 61 viral genomes with distinct variation in the microbiome composition across the samples (COVID-19 > COPD > URTI). Notably, 94.57%, 80.0% and 24.59% bacterial, archaeal and viral genera shared between the COVID-19 and non-COVID samples, respectively. However, the COVID-19 related samples had sole association with 16 viral genera other than SARS-CoV-2. Strain-level virome profiling revealed 660 and 729 strains in COVID-19 and non-COVID samples, respectively, and of them 34.50% strains shared between the conditions. Functional annotation of the metagenomic data identified the association of several biochemical pathways related to basic metabolism (amino acid and energy), ABC transporters, membrane transport, virulence, disease and defense, regulation of virulence, programmed cell death, and primary immunodeficiency. We also detected 30 functional gene groups/classes associated with resistance to antibiotics and toxic compounds (RATC) in both COVID-19 and non-COVID microbiomes. Furthermore, we detected comparatively higher abundance of cobalt-zinc-cadmium resistance (CZCR) and multidrug resistance to efflux pumps (MREP) genes in COVID-19 metagenome. The profiles of microbiome diversity and associated microbial genomic features found in both COVID-19 and non-COVID (COPD and URTI) samples might be helpful in developing microbiome-based diagnostics and therapeutics for COVID-19 and non-COVID respiratory diseases. However, future studies might be carried out to explore the microbiome dynamics and the cross-talk between host and microbiomes employing larger volume of samples from different ethnic groups and geoclimatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nazmul Hoque
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Health, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - M Shaminur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Rasel Ahmed
- Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Tofazzal Islam
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), BSMRAU, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - M Anwar Hossain
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.,Vice-Chancellor, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Amam Zonaed Siddiki
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Chattogram 4202, Bangladesh
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Gasmi A, Tippairote T, Mujawdiya PK, Peana M, Menzel A, Dadar M, Benahmed AG, Bjørklund G. The microbiota-mediated dietary and nutritional interventions for COVID-19. Clin Immunol 2021; 226:108725. [PMID: 33845194 PMCID: PMC8032598 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, scientists are looking for specific treatment for COVID-19. Apart from the antiviral approach, the interventions to support healthy immune responses to the virus are feasible through diet, nutrition, and lifestyle approaches. This narrative review explores the recent studies on dietary, nutritional, and lifestyle interventions that influence the microbiota-mediated immunomodulatory effects against viral infections. Cumulative studies reported that the airway microbiota and SARS-CoV-2 leverage each other and determine the pathogen-microbiota-host responses. Cigarette smoking can disrupt microbiota abundance. The composition and diversification of intestinal microbiota influence the airway microbiota and the innate and adaptive immunity, which require supports from the balance of macro- and micronutrients from the diet. Colorful vegetables supplied fermentable prebiotics and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant phytonutrients. Fermented foods and beverages support intestinal microbiota. In sensitive individuals, the avoidance of the high immunoreactive food antigens contributes to antiviral immunity. This review suggests associations between airway and intestinal microbiota, antiviral host immunity, and the influences of dietary, nutritional, and lifestyle interventions to prevent the clinical course toward severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Gasmi
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Torsak Tippairote
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital and Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Thailand Institute for Functional Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway.
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40
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Bello-Medina PC, Hernández-Quiroz F, Pérez-Morales M, González-Franco DA, Cruz-Pauseno G, García-Mena J, Díaz-Cintra S, Pacheco-López G. Spatial Memory and Gut Microbiota Alterations Are Already Present in Early Adulthood in a Pre-clinical Transgenic Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:595583. [PMID: 33994914 PMCID: PMC8116633 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.595583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The irreversible and progressive neurodegenerative Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive decline, extracellular β-amyloid peptide accumulation, and tau neurofibrillary tangles in the cortex and hippocampus. The triple-transgenic (3xTg) mouse model of AD presents memory impairment in several behavioral paradigms and histopathological alterations from 6 to 16 months old. Additionally, it seems that dysbiotic gut microbiota is present in both mouse models and patients of AD at the cognitive symptomatic stage. The present study aimed to assess spatial learning, memory retention, and gut microbiota alterations in an early adult stage of the 3xTg-AD mice as well as to explore its sexual dimorphism. We evaluated motor activity, novel-object localization training, and retention test as well as collected fecal samples to characterize relative abundance, alpha- and beta-diversity, and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis in gut microbiota in both female and male 3xTg-AD mice, and controls [non-transgenic mice (NoTg)], at 3 and 5 months old. We found spatial memory deficits in female and male 3xTg-AD but no alteration neither during training nor in motor activity. Importantly, already at 3 months old, we observed decreased relative abundances of Actinobacteria and TM7 in 3xTg-AD compared to NoTg mice, while the beta diversity of gut microbiota was different in female and male 3xTg-AD mice in comparison to NoTg. Our results suggest that gut microbiota modifications in 3xTg-AD mice anticipate and thus could be causally related to cognitive decline already at the early adult age of AD. We propose that microbiota alterations may be used as an early and non-invasive diagnostic biomarker of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola C Bello-Medina
- División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Lerma, Lerma, Mexico
| | - Fernando Hernández-Quiroz
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Unidad Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marcel Pérez-Morales
- División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Lerma, Lerma, Mexico
| | - Diego A González-Franco
- División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Lerma, Lerma, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Cruz-Pauseno
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Lerma, Lerma, Mexico
| | - Jaime García-Mena
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Unidad Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sofía Díaz-Cintra
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Pacheco-López
- División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Lerma, Lerma, Mexico
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41
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Zhu B, Zheng S, Lin K, Xu X, Lv L, Zhao Z, Shao J. Effects of Infant Formula Supplemented With Prebiotics and OPO on Infancy Fecal Microbiota: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:650407. [PMID: 33854983 PMCID: PMC8039316 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.650407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several lines of evidence suggest that the intestinal microbiota plays crucial roles in infant development, and that it is highly influenced by extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Prebiotic-containing infant formula may increase gastrointestinal tolerance and improve commensal microbiota composition. However, it remains unknown whether supplementation of milk-formulas with prebiotics and 1,3-olein-2-palmitin (OPO) can achieve feeding outcomes similar to those of breastfeeding. In the present study, we investigated the effects of two kinds of infant formula with different additives on the overall diversity and composition of the fecal microbiota, to determine which was closer to breastfeeding. A total of 108 infants were enrolled, including breastfeeding (n=59) and formula feeding group (n=49). The formula feeding infants were prospectively randomly divided into a standard formula group (n=18), and a supplemented formula group(n=31). The fecal samples were collected at 4 months after intervention. Fecal microbiota analysis targeting the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was performed using MiSeq sequencing. The overall bacterial diversity and composition, key functional bacteria, and predictive functional profiles in the two different formula groups were compared with breastfeeding group. We found that the alpha diversity of the gut microbiota was not significantly different between the OPO and breastfeeding groups with Chaos 1 index (p=0.346). The relative abundances of Enhydrobacter and Akkermansia in the OPO group were more similar to those of the breastfeeding group than to those of the standard formula group. The gut microbiota metabolism function prediction analysis showed that the supplemented formula group was similar to the breastfeeding group in terms of ureolysis (p=0.297). These findings suggest that, when formula supplemented with prebiotics and OPO was given, the overall bacterial diversity and parts of the composition of the fecal microbiota would be similar to that of breastfeeding infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingquan Zhu
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zheng
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kexin Lin
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lina Lv
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengyan Zhao
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Shao
- Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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42
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Scialo F, Amato F, Cernera G, Gelzo M, Zarrilli F, Comegna M, Pastore L, Bianco A, Castaldo G. Lung Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020094. [PMID: 33513903 PMCID: PMC7911450 DOI: 10.3390/life11020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The defective mucociliary clearance due to CFTR malfunctioning causes predisposition to the colonization of pathogens responsible for the recurrent inflammation and rapid deterioration of lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). This has also a profound effect on the lung microbiome composition, causing a progressive reduction in its diversity, which has become a common characteristic of patients affected by CF. Although we know that the lung microbiome plays an essential role in maintaining lung physiology, our comprehension of how the microbial components interact with each other and the lung, as well as how these interactions change during the disease's course, is still at an early stage. Many challenges exist and many questions still to be answered, but there is no doubt that manipulation of the lung microbiome could help to develop better therapies for people affected by CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Scialo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Felice Amato
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gustavo Cernera
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Monica Gelzo
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Federica Zarrilli
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Marika Comegna
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Lucio Pastore
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Bianco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Castaldo
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy
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43
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Ran Z, Liu J, Wang F, Xin C, Xiong B, Song Z. Pulmonary Micro-Ecological Changes and Potential Microbial Markers in Lung Cancer Patients. Front Oncol 2021; 10:576855. [PMID: 33537234 PMCID: PMC7848173 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.576855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between the microbiome and disease has been investigated for many years. As a highly malignant tumor, biomarkers for lung cancer are diverse. However, precision of these biomarkers has not yet been achieved. It has been confirmed that lung microecology changes in lung cancer patients compared with healthy individuals. Furthermore, the abundance of some bacterial species shows obvious changes, suggesting their potential use as a microbial marker for the detection of lung cancer. In addition, recent studies have confirmed that inflammation, immune response, virulence factors, and metabolism may be potential mechanisms linking the microbiome with carcinogenesis. In this review, microbiome studies of lung cancer, potential mechanisms, potential microbial markers, and the influence of the microbiome on the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer are summarized, providing theoretical strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuonan Ran
- The Second Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiexing Liu
- The Second Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fen Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Caiyan Xin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bin Xiong
- The Second Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhangyong Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Molecular Biotechnology Platform, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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44
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Jia YJ, Liao Y, He YQ, Zheng MQ, Tong XT, Xue WQ, Zhang JB, Yuan LL, Zhang WL, Jia WH. Association Between Oral Microbiota and Cigarette Smoking in the Chinese Population. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:658203. [PMID: 34123872 PMCID: PMC8195269 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.658203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral microbiota has been observed to be influenced by cigarette smoking and linked to several human diseases. However, research on the effect of cigarette smoking on the oral microbiota has not been systematically conducted in the Chinese population. We profiled the oral microbiota of 316 healthy subjects in the Chinese population by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The alpha diversity of oral microbiota was different between never smokers and smokers (P = 0.002). Several bacterial taxa were first reported to be associated with cigarette smoking by LEfSe analysis, including Moryella (q = 1.56E-04), Bulleidia (q = 1.65E-06), and Moraxella (q = 3.52E-02) at the genus level and Rothia dentocariosa (q = 1.55E-02), Prevotella melaninogenica (q = 8.48E-08), Prevotella pallens (q = 4.13E-03), Bulleidia moorei (q = 1.79E-06), Rothia aeria (q = 3.83E-06), Actinobacillus parahaemolyticus (q = 2.28E-04), and Haemophilus parainfluenzae (q = 4.82E-02) at the species level. Two nitrite-producing bacteria that can increase the acidity of the oral cavity, Actinomyces and Veillonella, were also enriched in smokers with FDR-adjusted q-values of 3.62E-06 and 1.10E-06, respectively. Notably, we observed that two acid production-related pathways, amino acid-related enzymes (q = 6.19E-05) and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism (q = 2.63E-06), were increased in smokers by PICRUSt analysis. Finally, the co-occurrence analysis demonstrated that smoker-enriched bacteria were significantly positively associated with each other and were negatively correlated with the bacteria decreased in smokers. Our results suggested that cigarette smoking may affect oral health by creating a different environment by altering bacterial abundance, connections among oral microbiota, and the microbiota and their metabolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jing Jia
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Qiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Qi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia-Ting Tong
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Qiong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei-Lei Yuan
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wei-Hua Jia,
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45
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Chen YW, Li SW, Lin CD, Huang MZ, Lin HJ, Chin CY, Lai YR, Chiu CH, Yang CY, Lai CH. Fine Particulate Matter Exposure Alters Pulmonary Microbiota Composition and Aggravates Pneumococcus-Induced Lung Pathogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:570484. [PMID: 33195201 PMCID: PMC7649221 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.570484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2. 5) is closely correlated with respiratory diseases. Microbiota plays a key role in maintaining body homeostasis including regulation of host immune status and metabolism. As reported recently, PM2. 5 exposure causes microbiota dysbiosis and thus promotes disease progression. However, whether PM2. 5 alters pulmonary microbiota distribution and aggravates bacteria-induced pathogenesis remains unknown. In this study, we used mouse experimental models of PM2. 5 exposure combined with Streptococcus pneumonia infection. We characterized the airway microbiota of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by sequencing the 16S rRNA V3-V4 amplicon on the Illumina MiSeq platform, followed by a combination of bioinformatics and statistical analyses. Shannon-diversity index, observed ASVs, and Fisher's diversity index indicated that microbiota richness was significantly decreased in the mice treated with either PM2. 5 or pneumococcus when compared with the control group. The genera Streptococcus, Prevotella, Leptotrichia, and Granulicatella were remarkably increased in mice exposed to PM2. 5 combined with pneumococcal infection as compared to mice with pneumococcal infection alone. Histopathological examination exhibited that a more pronounced inflammation was present in lungs of mice treated with PM2. 5 and pneumococcus than that in mouse groups exposed to either PM2. 5 or pneumococcal infection alone. Our results demonstrate that PM2. 5 alters the microbiota composition, thereby enhancing susceptibility to pneumococcal infection and exacerbating lung pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Wen Li
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Der Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Zi Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hwai-Jeng Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yin Chin
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Lai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chiu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ho Lai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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46
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Paudel KR, Dharwal V, Patel VK, Galvao I, Wadhwa R, Malyla V, Shen SS, Budden KF, Hansbro NG, Vaughan A, Yang IA, Kohonen-Corish MRJ, Bebawy M, Dua K, Hansbro PM. Role of Lung Microbiome in Innate Immune Response Associated With Chronic Lung Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:554. [PMID: 33043031 PMCID: PMC7530186 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung fibrosis, and lung cancer, pose a huge socio-economic burden on society and are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In the past, culture-dependent techniques could not detect bacteria in the lungs, therefore the lungs were considered a sterile environment. However, the development of culture-independent techniques, particularly 16S rRNA sequencing, allowed for the detection of commensal microbes in the lung and with further investigation, their roles in disease have since emerged. In healthy individuals, the predominant commensal microbes are of phylum Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, including those of the genera Veillonella and Prevotella. In contrast, pathogenic microbes (Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas) are often associated with lung diseases. There is growing evidence that microbial metabolites, structural components, and toxins from pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria have the capacity to stimulate both innate and adaptive immune responses, and therefore can contribute to the pathogenesis of lung diseases. Here we review the multiple mechanisms that are altered by pathogenic microbiomes in asthma, COPD, lung cancer, and lung fibrosis. Furthermore, we focus on the recent exciting advancements in therapies that can be used to restore altered microbiomes in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vivek Dharwal
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vyoma K Patel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Izabela Galvao
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ridhima Wadhwa
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vamshikrishna Malyla
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sj Sijie Shen
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kurtis F Budden
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole G Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Annalicia Vaughan
- Faculty of Medicine, Thoracic Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ian A Yang
- Faculty of Medicine, Thoracic Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Maija R J Kohonen-Corish
- Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St George and Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mary Bebawy
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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47
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Zhang C, Zhang T, Lu W, Duan X, Luo X, Liu S, Chen Y, Li Y, Chen J, Liao J, Zhou D, Chen X, Feng H, Gu G, Wang T, Tang H, Makino A, Zhong N, Yuan JXJ, Yang K, Wang J. Altered Airway Microbiota Composition in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension. Hypertension 2020; 76:1589-1599. [PMID: 32921193 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alteration in microbiota composition of respiratory tract has been reported in the progression of many chronic lung diseases, yet, the correlation and causal link between respiratory tract microbiota and the disease development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) remain largely unknown. This study aims to define and compare the respiratory microbiota composition in pharyngeal swab samples between patients with PH and reference subjects. A total of 118 patients with PH and 79 reference subjects were recruited, and the pharyngeal swab samples were collected to sequence the 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) V3-V4 region of respiratory microbiome. The relative abundances in patients with PH were profoundly different from reference subjects. The Ace and Sobs indexes indicated that the microbiota richness of pharynx value is significantly higher; while the community diversity value is markedly lower in patients with PH, comparing to those of the reference subjects. The microbiota on pharynx showed a different profile between the 2 groups by principal component analysis. The linear discriminant analysis effect size also revealed a significantly higher proportion of Streptococcus, Lautropia, and Ralstonia in patients with PH than reference subjects. The linear discriminant analysis effect size output, which represents the microbial gene functions, suggest genes related to bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, bacterial toxins were enhanced, while genes related to energy metabolism, protein digestion and absorption, and cell division pathways were attenuated in patients with PH versus reference subjects. In summary, our study reports the first systematic definition and divergent profile of the upper respiratory tract microbiota between patients with PH and reference subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenting Zhang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Tingting Zhang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Wenju Lu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Xin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (X.D.)
| | - Xiaoyun Luo
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Shiyun Liu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Yuqin Chen
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Yi Li
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Jing Liao
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Dansha Zhou
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Xu Chen
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Huazhuo Feng
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Guoping Gu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Tao Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Haiyang Tang
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson (H.T.)
| | - Ayako Makino
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (A.M., J.-X.-J.Y., J.W.)
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (A.M., J.-X.-J.Y., J.W.)
| | - Kai Yang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (C.Z., T.Z., W.L., X.L., S.L., Y.C., Y.L., J.C., J.L., D.Z., X.C., H.F., G.G., T.W., H.T., N.Z., K.Y., J.W.)
| | - Jian Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot, China (J.W.).,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (A.M., J.-X.-J.Y., J.W.)
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48
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The Gut Microbiota and Respiratory Diseases: New Evidence. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:2340670. [PMID: 32802893 PMCID: PMC7415116 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2340670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human body surfaces, such as the skin, intestines, and respiratory and urogenital tracts, are colonized by a large number of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, with the gut being the most densely and extensively colonized organ. The microbiome plays an essential role in immune system development and tissue homeostasis. Gut microbiota dysbiosis not only modulates the immune responses of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract but also impacts the immunity of distal organs, such as the lung, further affecting lung health and respiratory diseases. Here, we review the recent evidence of the correlations and underlying mechanisms of the relationship between the gut microbiota and common respiratory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF), lung cancer, and respiratory infection, and probiotic development as a therapeutic intervention for these diseases.
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49
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Sulaiman I, Schuster S, Segal LN. Perspectives in lung microbiome research. Curr Opin Microbiol 2020; 56:24-29. [PMID: 32623064 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the existence and role of the lung microbiome has grown at a slower pace than other microbiome research areas. This is likely a consequence of the original dogma that the lung was a sterile environment although there are other barriers that are worth discussing. Here we will not be conducting an exhaustive review of the current literature on the lung microbiome, but rather we will focus on what we see as some important challenges that the field needs to face in order to improve our mechanistic understanding of the lung microbiome and its role on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Sulaiman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, NY, United States
| | - Sheeja Schuster
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, NY, United States
| | - Leopoldo N Segal
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, NY, United States.
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50
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Infusino F, Marazzato M, Mancone M, Fedele F, Mastroianni CM, Severino P, Ceccarelli G, Santinelli L, Cavarretta E, Marullo AGM, Miraldi F, Carnevale R, Nocella C, Biondi-Zoccai G, Pagnini C, Schiavon S, Pugliese F, Frati G, d’Ettorre G. Diet Supplementation, Probiotics, and Nutraceuticals in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1718. [PMID: 32521760 PMCID: PMC7352781 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (Sars-CoV-2) global pandemic is a devastating event that is causing thousands of victims every day around the world. One of the main reasons of the great impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on society is its unexpected spread, which has not allowed an adequate preparation. The scientific community is fighting against time for the production of a vaccine, but it is difficult to place a safe and effective product on the market as fast as the virus is spreading. Similarly, for drugs that can directly interfere with viral pathways, their production times are long, despite the great efforts made. For these reasons, we analyzed the possible role of non-pharmacological substances such as supplements, probiotics, and nutraceuticals in reducing the risk of Sars-CoV-2 infection or mitigating the symptoms of COVID-19. These substances could have numerous advantages in the current circumstances, are generally easily available, and have negligible side effects if administered at the already used and tested dosages. Large scientific evidence supports the benefits that some bacterial and molecular products may exert on the immune response to respiratory viruses. These could also have a regulatory role in systemic inflammation or endothelial damage, which are two crucial aspects of COVID-19. However, there are no specific data available, and rigorous clinical trials should be conducted to confirm the putative benefits of diet supplementation, probiotics, and nutraceuticals in the current pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Infusino
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (M.M.); (F.F.); (P.S.); (F.M.); (C.N.)
| | - Massimiliano Marazzato
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (C.M.M.); (G.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Massimo Mancone
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (M.M.); (F.F.); (P.S.); (F.M.); (C.N.)
| | - Francesco Fedele
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (M.M.); (F.F.); (P.S.); (F.M.); (C.N.)
| | - Claudio Maria Mastroianni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (C.M.M.); (G.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Paolo Severino
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (M.M.); (F.F.); (P.S.); (F.M.); (C.N.)
| | - Giancarlo Ceccarelli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (C.M.M.); (G.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Letizia Santinelli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (C.M.M.); (G.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Elena Cavarretta
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (E.C.); (A.G.M.M.); (R.C.); (G.B.-Z.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonino G. M. Marullo
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (E.C.); (A.G.M.M.); (R.C.); (G.B.-Z.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Fabio Miraldi
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (M.M.); (F.F.); (P.S.); (F.M.); (C.N.)
| | - Roberto Carnevale
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (E.C.); (A.G.M.M.); (R.C.); (G.B.-Z.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Nocella
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (M.M.); (F.F.); (P.S.); (F.M.); (C.N.)
| | - Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (E.C.); (A.G.M.M.); (R.C.); (G.B.-Z.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristiano Pagnini
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni Addolorata, 00184 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sonia Schiavon
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (E.C.); (A.G.M.M.); (R.C.); (G.B.-Z.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Francesco Pugliese
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialities “Paride Stefanini”, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (E.C.); (A.G.M.M.); (R.C.); (G.B.-Z.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- IRCCS NeuroMed, 86077 Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Gabriella d’Ettorre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (C.M.M.); (G.C.); (L.S.)
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