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Powers CM, Verma H, Orloff J, Piontkowski AJ, Tiersten A, Lamb A, Gulati N. Use of a topical Janus kinase inhibitor in immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced eczematous reaction: a case report. J DERMATOL TREAT 2024; 35:2336118. [PMID: 38565207 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2024.2336118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In this report, we describe the case of a 28-year-old female with bilateral breast cancer in the setting of a BRCA1 mutation, who presented to dermatology with an eczematous reaction, ultimately diagnosed as a cutaneous immune-related adverse event (cirAE) secondary to an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), pembrolizumab. Our case report highlights a novel therapeutic option for an eczematous cirAE: the topical JAK 1/2 inhibitor, ruxolitinib. CirAEs can occur in up to 55% of patients on ICIs, a class of medications seeing rapidly increasing use in cancer therapy, and prior research has demonstrated that ICI-induced dermatitis may involve different pathways than traditionally observed in their spontaneous counterparts. Specifically, marked Th1 skewing is noted in ICI-induced dermatitis, as opposed to a predominant Th2 response which typically characterizes spontaneous atopic dermatitis. To our knowledge, this is the first case report in the literature discussing use of a topical JAK inhibitor, ruxolitinib, in the treatment of topical steroid-refractory cirAEs. Furthermore, as topical JAK inhibitors are thought to not carry the risks of systemic JAK inhibitors, including malignancy, ruxolitinib cream is a promising therapeutic option for this challenging patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille M Powers
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hannah Verma
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeremy Orloff
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Austin J Piontkowski
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amy Tiersten
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Angela Lamb
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicholas Gulati
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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2
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Kandpal M, Baral B, Varshney N, Jain AK, Chatterji D, Meena AK, Pandey RK, Jha HC. Gut-brain axis interplay via STAT3 pathway: Implications of Helicobacter pylori derived secretome on inflammation and Alzheimer's disease. Virulence 2024; 15:2303853. [PMID: 38197252 PMCID: PMC10854367 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2303853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a pathogenic bacterium that causes gastritis and gastric carcinoma. Besides gastric complications its potential link with gut-brain axis disruption and neurological disorders has also been reported. The current study investigated the plausible role and its associated molecular mechanism underlying H. pylori mediated gut-brain axis disruption and neuroinflammation leading to neurological modalities like Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have chosen the antimicrobial resistant and susceptible H. pylori strains on the basis of broth dilution method. We have observed the increased inflammatory response exerted by H. pylori strains in the gastric as well as in the neuronal compartment after treatment with Helicobacter pylori derived condition media (HPCM). Further, elevated expression of STAT1, STAT3, and AD-associated proteins- APP and APOE4 was monitored in HPCM-treated neuronal and neuron-astrocyte co-cultured cells. Excessive ROS generation has been found in these cells. The HPCM treatment to LN229 causes astrogliosis, evidenced by increased glial fibrillary acidic protein. Our results indicate the association of STAT3 as an important regulator in the H. pylori-mediated pathogenesis in neuronal cells. Notably, the inhibition of STAT3 by its specific inhibitor, BP-1-102, reduced the expression of pSTAT3 and AD markers in neuronal compartment induced by HPCM. Thus, our study demonstrates that H. pylori infection exacerbates inflammation in AGS cells and modulates the activity of STAT3 regulatory molecules. H. pylori secretome could affect neurological compartments by promoting STAT3 activation and inducing the expression of AD-associated signature markers. Further, pSTAT-3 inhibition mitigates the H. pylori associated neuroinflammation and amyloid pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Kandpal
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, India
| | - Budhadev Baral
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, India
| | - Nidhi Varshney
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Jain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Choithram Hospital and Research Center, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Debi Chatterji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Choithram Hospital and Research Center, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Rajan Kumar Pandey
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, India
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3
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He X, Liu P, Luo Y, Fu X, Yang T. STATs, promising targets for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 277:116783. [PMID: 39180944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Cytokines play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, with over 50 cytokines undergoing signal transduction through the Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (STAT) signaling pathway. Recent studies have solidly confirmed the pivotal role of STATs in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Therefore, this review provides a detailed summary of the immunological functions of STATs, focusing on exploring their mechanisms in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Additionally, with the rapid advancement of structural biology in the field of drug discovery, many STAT inhibitors have been identified using structure-based drug design strategies. In this review, we also examine the structures of STAT proteins and compile the latest research on STAT inhibitors currently being tested in animal models and clinical trials for the treatment of immunological diseases, which emphasizes the feasibility of STATs as promising therapeutic targets and provides insights into the design of the next generation of STAT inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlian He
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Pingxian Liu
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Youfu Luo
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinyuan Fu
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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4
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Yang L, Sun Z. Role of APE1 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its prospects as a target in clinical settings (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 2024; 21:82. [PMID: 39301126 PMCID: PMC11411593 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2024.2780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of liver cancer has increased annually. However, current medical treatments for liver cancer are limited, and most patients have a high risk of recurrence after surgery. Therefore, the discovery and development of novel treatment targets for liver cancer is urgently needed. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a protein that has a DNA repair function and serves an important role in various physiological processes, including reduction-oxidation, cell proliferation and differentiation. The expression levels of APE1 are abnormally elevated in liver cancer cells, as ectopic expression of the APE1 gene has been reported, in addition to other abnormal signs, such as cell proliferation and migration. Therefore, it could be suggested that APE1 is an important indicator of hepatocellular carcinogenesis. APE1 may be used as a therapeutic target for tumors and proposed targeted therapy against abnormal APE1 expression could potentially inhibit the progression of tumors. The present review aimed to introduce the important role of APE1 in the physiological processes of tumor cells and the feasibility of using APE1 as a potential therapeutic target, providing a novel direction for the clinical treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Sun
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, P.R. China
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Hadifar S, Masoudzadeh N, Heydari H, Mashayekhi Goyonlo V, Kerachian M, Daneshpazhooh M, Sadeghnia A, Tootoonchi N, Erfanian Salim R, Rafati S, Harandi AM. Intralesional gene expression profile of JAK-STAT signaling pathway and associated cytokines in Leishmania tropica-infected patients. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1436029. [PMID: 39364404 PMCID: PMC11446769 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1436029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The JAK-STAT signaling pathway is a central cascade of signal transduction for the myriad of cytokines in which dysregulation has been implicated in progression of inflammatory and infectious diseases. However, the involvement of this pathway in human cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) due to Leishmania (L.) tropica warrants further investigation. Methods This study sought to investigate differential gene expression of several cytokines and their associated jak-stat genes in the lesions of L. tropica-infected patients byquantitative Real-Time PCR. Further, the expression of five inhibitory immune checkpoint genes was evaluated. Results Results showed that the gene expression levelsof both Th1 (ifng, il12, il23) and Th2 (il4, il10) types cytokines were increased in the lesion of studied patients. Further, elevated expression levels of il35, il21, il27 and il24 genes were detected in the lesions of CL patients. Notably, the expression of the majority of genes involved in JAK/STAT signaling pathway as well as checkpoint genes including pdl1, ctla4 and their corresponding receptors was increased. Conclusion Our finding revealed dysregulation of cytokines and related jak-stat genes in the lesion of CL patients. These results highlight the need for further exploration of the functional importance of these genes in the pathogenesis of, and immunity to, CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Hadifar
- Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Masoudzadeh
- Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Heydari
- Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammadali Kerachian
- Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Daneshpazhooh
- Autoimmune Bullous Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Sima Rafati
- Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali M. Harandi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Gu Y, Jiang L, Shui M, Luo H, Zhou X, Zhang S, Jiang C, Huang J, Chen H, Tang J, Fu Y, Luo H, Yang G, Xu K, Chi H, Liu J, Huang S. Revealing the association between East Asian oral microbiome and colorectal cancer through Mendelian randomization and multi-omics analysis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1452392. [PMID: 39355266 PMCID: PMC11443854 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1452392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a global health threat, with the oral microbiome increasingly implicated in its pathogenesis. This study leverages Mendelian Randomization (MR) to explore causal links between oral microbiota and CRC using data from the China National GeneBank and Biobank Japan. By integrating multi-omics approaches, we aim to uncover mechanisms by which the microbiome influences cellular metabolism and cancer development. Methods We analyzed microbiome profiles from 2017 tongue and 1915 saliva samples, and GWAS data for 6692 CRC cases and 27178 controls. Significant bacterial taxa were identified via MR analysis. Single-cell RNA sequencing and enrichment analyses elucidated underlying pathways, and drug predictions identified potential therapeutics. Results MR identified 19 bacterial taxa significantly associated with CRC. Protective effects were observed in taxa like RUG343 and Streptococcus_umgs_2425, while HOT-345_umgs_976 and W5053_sp000467935_mgs_712 increased CRC risk. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed key pathways, including JAK-STAT signaling and tyrosine metabolism. Drug prediction highlighted potential therapeutics like Menadione Sodium Bisulfite and Raloxifene. Conclusion This study establishes the critical role of the oral microbiome in colorectal cancer development, identifying specific microbial taxa linked to CRC risk. Single-cell RNA sequencing and drug prediction analyses further elucidate key pathways and potential therapeutics, providing novel insights and personalized treatment strategies for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Gu
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lai Jiang
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Min Shui
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Honghao Luo
- Department of Radiology, Xichong People’s Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - Xuancheng Zhou
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shengke Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chenglu Jiang
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinbang Huang
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Haiqing Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Tang
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yiping Fu
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Huiyan Luo
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guanhu Yang
- Department of Specialty Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Chi
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Specialty Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Department of general surgery, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, China
| | - Shangke Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Cavalu S, Saber S, Ramadan A, Elmorsy EA, Hamad RS, Abdel-Reheim MA, Youssef ME. Unveiling citicoline's mechanisms and clinical relevance in the treatment of neuroinflammatory disorders. FASEB J 2024; 38:e70030. [PMID: 39221499 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400823r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Citicoline, a compound produced naturally in small amounts in the human body, assumes a pivotal role in phosphatidylcholine synthesis, a dynamic constituent of membranes of neurons. Across diverse models of brain injury and neurodegeneration, citicoline has demonstrated its potential through neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. This review aims to elucidate citicoline's anti-inflammatory mechanism and its clinical implications in conditions such as ischemic stroke, head trauma, glaucoma, and age-associated memory impairment. Citicoline's anti-inflammatory prowess is rooted in its ability to stabilize cellular membranes, thereby curbing the excessive release of glutamate-a pro-inflammatory neurotransmitter. Moreover, it actively diminishes free radicals and inflammatory cytokines productions, which could otherwise harm neurons and incite neuroinflammation. It also exhibits the potential to modulate microglia activity, the brain's resident immune cells, and hinder the activation of NF-κB, a transcription factor governing inflammatory genes. Clinical trials have subjected citicoline to rigorous scrutiny in patients grappling with acute ischemic stroke, head trauma, glaucoma, and age-related memory impairment. While findings from these trials are mixed, numerous studies suggest that citicoline could confer improvements in neurological function, disability reduction, expedited recovery, and cognitive decline prevention within these cohorts. Additionally, citicoline boasts a favorable safety profile and high tolerability. In summary, citicoline stands as a promising agent, wielding both neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory potential across a spectrum of neurological conditions. However, further research is imperative to delineate the optimal dosage, treatment duration, and underlying mechanisms. Moreover, identifying specific patient subgroups most likely to reap the benefits of citicoline as a new therapy remains a critical avenue for exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Ramadan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Elsayed A Elmorsy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabab S Hamad
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Central Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud E Youssef
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
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Park JY, Lee JW, Oh ES, Song YN, Kang MJ, Ryu HW, Kim DY, Oh SR, Lee J, Choi J, Kim N, Kim MO, Hong ST, Lee SU. Daphnetin alleviates allergic airway inflammation by inhibiting T-cell activation and subsequent JAK/STAT6 signaling. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 979:176826. [PMID: 39033840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a major health burden on society as a chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation and muscle tightening around the airways in response to inhaled allergens. Daphne kiusiana Miquel is a medicinal plant that can suppress allergic airway inflammation; however, its specific molecular mechanisms of action are unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which D. kiusiana inhibits allergic airway inflammation. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction of D. kiusiana and its major compound, daphnetin, on murine T lymphocyte EL4 cells stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin in vitro and on asthmatic mice stimulated with ovalbumin in vivo. The EA fraction and daphnetin inhibited T-helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine secretion, serum immunoglobulin E production, mucus secretion, and inflammatory cell recruitment in vivo. In vitro, daphnetin suppressed intracellular Ca2+ mobilization (a critical regulator of nuclear factor of activated T cells) and functions of the activator protein 1 transcription factor to reduce interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 expression. Daphnetin effectively suppressed the IL-4/-13-induced activation of Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) signaling in vitro and in vivo, thereby inhibiting the expression of GATA3 and PDEF, two STAT6-target genes responsible for producing Th2 cytokines and mucins. These findings indicate that daphnetin suppresses allergic airway inflammation by stabilizing intracellular Ca2+ levels and subsequently inactivating the JAK/STAT6/GATA3/PDEF pathway, suggesting that daphnetin is a promising alternative to existing asthma treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yoon Park
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Won Lee
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Sol Oh
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yu Na Song
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung-Ji Kang
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Doo-Young Kim
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Juhyun Lee
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinseon Choi
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Namho Kim
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mun-Ock Kim
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Tae Hong
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - Su Ui Lee
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea.
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Zhao M, Zhuang Y, Liang Y, Ma L, Shen C. Upadacitinib for Refractory Paediatric Atopic Dermatitis: A Real-World Study on Effectiveness and Safety in Dupilumab Nonresponders. Clin Exp Allergy 2024; 54:694-696. [PMID: 39048775 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mutong Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhuang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Chunping Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
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10
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Hong H, Wang Y, Menard M, Buckley JA, Zhou L, Volpicelli-Daley L, Standaert DG, Qin H, Benveniste EN. Suppression of the JAK/STAT pathway inhibits neuroinflammation in the line 61-PFF mouse model of Parkinson's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:216. [PMID: 39218899 PMCID: PMC11368013 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by neuroinflammation, progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons, and accumulation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) into insoluble aggregates called Lewy pathology. The Line 61 α-Syn mouse is an established preclinical model of PD; Thy-1 is used to promote human α-Syn expression, and features of sporadic PD develop at 9-18 months of age. To accelerate the PD phenotypes, we injected sonicated human α-Syn preformed fibrils (PFFs) into the striatum, which produced phospho-Syn (p-α-Syn) inclusions in the substantia nigra pars compacta and significantly increased MHC Class II-positive immune cells. Additionally, there was enhanced infiltration and activation of innate and adaptive immune cells in the midbrain. We then used this new model, Line 61-PFF, to investigate the effect of inhibiting the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, which is critical for regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. After administration of the JAK1/2 inhibitor AZD1480, immunofluorescence staining showed a significant decrease in p-α-Syn inclusions and MHC Class II expression. Flow cytometry showed reduced infiltration of CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells, CD19+ B-cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and endogenous microglia into the midbrain. Importantly, single-cell RNA-Sequencing analysis of CD45+ cells from the midbrain identified 9 microglia clusters, 5 monocyte/macrophage (MM) clusters, and 5 T-cell (T) clusters, in which potentially pathogenic MM4 and T3 clusters were associated with neuroinflammatory responses in Line 61-PFF mice. AZD1480 treatment reduced cell numbers and cluster-specific expression of the antigen-presentation genes H2-Eb1, H2-Aa, H2-Ab1, and Cd74 in the MM4 cluster and proinflammatory genes such as Tnf, Il1b, C1qa, and C1qc in the T3 cluster. Together, these results indicate that inhibiting the JAK/STAT pathway suppresses the activation and infiltration of innate and adaptive cells, reducing neuroinflammation in the Line 61-PFF mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Hong
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Marissa Menard
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Jessica A Buckley
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Lianna Zhou
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Laura Volpicelli-Daley
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - David G Standaert
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Hongwei Qin
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Etty N Benveniste
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, MCLM 907, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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11
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Lv Y, Qi J, Babon JJ, Cao L, Fan G, Lang J, Zhang J, Mi P, Kobe B, Wang F. The JAK-STAT pathway: from structural biology to cytokine engineering. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:221. [PMID: 39169031 PMCID: PMC11339341 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01934-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway serves as a paradigm for signal transduction from the extracellular environment to the nucleus. It plays a pivotal role in physiological functions, such as hematopoiesis, immune balance, tissue homeostasis, and surveillance against tumors. Dysregulation of this pathway may lead to various disease conditions such as immune deficiencies, autoimmune diseases, hematologic disorders, and cancer. Due to its critical role in maintaining human health and involvement in disease, extensive studies have been conducted on this pathway, ranging from basic research to medical applications. Advances in the structural biology of this pathway have enabled us to gain insights into how the signaling cascade operates at the molecular level, laying the groundwork for therapeutic development targeting this pathway. Various strategies have been developed to restore its normal function, with promising therapeutic potential. Enhanced comprehension of these molecular mechanisms, combined with advances in protein engineering methodologies, has allowed us to engineer cytokines with tailored properties for targeted therapeutic applications, thereby enhancing their efficiency and safety. In this review, we outline the structural basis that governs key nodes in this pathway, offering a comprehensive overview of the signal transduction process. Furthermore, we explore recent advances in cytokine engineering for therapeutic development in this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Lv
- Center for Molecular Biosciences and Non-communicable Diseases Research, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
- Xi'an Amazinggene Co., Ltd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710026, China
| | - Jianxun Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Jeffrey J Babon
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Longxing Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
| | - Guohuang Fan
- Immunophage Biotech Co., Ltd, No. 10 Lv Zhou Huan Road, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Jiajia Lang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Xi'an Amazinggene Co., Ltd, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710026, China
| | - Pengbing Mi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Bostjan Kobe
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
| | - Faming Wang
- Center for Molecular Biosciences and Non-communicable Diseases Research, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China.
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12
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Ferrito N, Báez-Flores J, Rodríguez-Martín M, Sastre-Rodríguez J, Coppola A, Isidoro-García M, Prieto-Matos P, Lacal J. Biomarker Landscape in RASopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8563. [PMID: 39201250 PMCID: PMC11354534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
RASopathies are a group of related genetic disorders caused by mutations in genes within the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway. This pathway is crucial for cell division, growth, and differentiation, and its disruption can lead to a variety of developmental and health issues. RASopathies present diverse clinical features and pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Studying the landscape of biomarkers in RASopathies has the potential to improve both clinical practices and the understanding of these disorders. This review provides an overview of recent discoveries in RASopathy molecular profiling, which extend beyond traditional gene mutation analysis. mRNAs, non-coding RNAs, protein expression patterns, and post-translational modifications characteristic of RASopathy patients within pivotal signaling pathways such as the RAS/MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and Rho/ROCK/LIMK2/cofilin pathways are summarized. Additionally, the field of metabolomics holds potential for uncovering metabolic signatures associated with specific RASopathies, which are crucial for developing precision medicine. Beyond molecular markers, we also examine the role of histological characteristics and non-invasive physiological assessments in identifying potential biomarkers, as they provide evidence of the disease's effects on various systems. Here, we synthesize key findings and illuminate promising avenues for future research in RASopathy biomarker discovery, underscoring rigorous validation and clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Ferrito
- Laboratory of Functional Genetics of Rare Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (N.F.); (J.B.-F.); (J.S.-R.); (A.C.)
- GIR of Biomedicine of Rare Diseases, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Juan Báez-Flores
- Laboratory of Functional Genetics of Rare Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (N.F.); (J.B.-F.); (J.S.-R.); (A.C.)
- GIR of Biomedicine of Rare Diseases, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Mario Rodríguez-Martín
- Laboratory of Functional Genetics of Rare Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (N.F.); (J.B.-F.); (J.S.-R.); (A.C.)
- GIR of Biomedicine of Rare Diseases, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Julián Sastre-Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Functional Genetics of Rare Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (N.F.); (J.B.-F.); (J.S.-R.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessio Coppola
- Laboratory of Functional Genetics of Rare Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (N.F.); (J.B.-F.); (J.S.-R.); (A.C.)
- GIR of Biomedicine of Rare Diseases, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - María Isidoro-García
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Clinical Rare Diseases Reference Unit DiERCyL, 37007 Castilla y León, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo Prieto-Matos
- GIR of Biomedicine of Rare Diseases, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostics Science, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jesus Lacal
- Laboratory of Functional Genetics of Rare Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (N.F.); (J.B.-F.); (J.S.-R.); (A.C.)
- GIR of Biomedicine of Rare Diseases, University of Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
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13
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Eshaq AM, Flanagan TW, Hassan SY, Al Asheikh SA, Al-Amoudi WA, Santourlidis S, Hassan SL, Alamodi MO, Bendhack ML, Alamodi MO, Haikel Y, Megahed M, Hassan M. Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinases: Their Structure and Mechanistic Role in Tumor Progression and Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2754. [PMID: 39123481 PMCID: PMC11311543 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) function as key molecules in the signaling pathways in addition to their impact as a therapeutic target for the treatment of many human diseases, including cancer. PTKs are characterized by their ability to phosphorylate serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues and can thereby rapidly and reversibly alter the function of their protein substrates in the form of significant changes in protein confirmation and affinity for their interaction with protein partners to drive cellular functions under normal and pathological conditions. PTKs are classified into two groups: one of which represents tyrosine kinases, while the other one includes the members of the serine/threonine kinases. The group of tyrosine kinases is subdivided into subgroups: one of them includes the member of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), while the other subgroup includes the member of non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs). Both these kinase groups function as an "on" or "off" switch in many cellular functions. NRTKs are enzymes which are overexpressed and activated in many cancer types and regulate variable cellular functions in response to extracellular signaling-dependent mechanisms. NRTK-mediated different cellular functions are regulated by kinase-dependent and kinase-independent mechanisms either in the cytoplasm or in the nucleus. Thus, targeting NRTKs is of great interest to improve the treatment strategy of different tumor types. This review deals with the structure and mechanistic role of NRTKs in tumor progression and resistance and their importance as therapeutic targets in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz M. Eshaq
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.A.); (W.A.A.-A.); (M.O.A.); (M.O.A.)
| | - Thomas W. Flanagan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Sofie-Yasmin Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Sara A. Al Asheikh
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.A.); (W.A.A.-A.); (M.O.A.); (M.O.A.)
| | - Waleed A. Al-Amoudi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.A.); (W.A.A.-A.); (M.O.A.); (M.O.A.)
| | - Simeon Santourlidis
- Institute of Cell Therapeutics and Diagnostics, University Medical Center of Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Sarah-Lilly Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Maryam O. Alamodi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.A.); (W.A.A.-A.); (M.O.A.); (M.O.A.)
| | - Marcelo L. Bendhack
- Department of Urology, Red Cross University Hospital, Positivo University, Rua Mauá 1111, Curitiba 80030-200, Brazil;
| | - Mohammed O. Alamodi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.A.); (W.A.A.-A.); (M.O.A.); (M.O.A.)
| | - Youssef Haikel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Faculty, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaire, Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Mossad Megahed
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital of Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Mohamed Hassan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Faculty, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Research Laboratory of Surgery-Oncology, Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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14
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Yadav JP, Verma A, Pathak P, Dwivedi AR, Singh AK, Kumar P, Khalilullah H, Jaremko M, Emwas AH, Patel DK. Phytoconstituents as modulators of NF-κB signalling: Investigating therapeutic potential for diabetic wound healing. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117058. [PMID: 38968797 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The NF-κB pathway plays a pivotal role in impeding the diabetic wound healing process, contributing to prolonged inflammation, diminished angiogenesis, and reduced proliferation. In contrast to modern synthetic therapies, naturally occurring phytoconstituents are well-studied inhibitors of the NF-κB pathway that are now attracting increased attention in the context of diabetic wound healing because of lower toxicity, better safety and efficacy, and cost-effectiveness. This study explores recent research on phytoconstituent-based therapies and delve into their action mechanisms targeting the NF-κB pathway and potential for assisting effective healing of diabetic wounds. For this purpose, we have carried out surveys of recent literature and analyzed studies from prominent databases such as Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and Web of Science. The classification of phytoconstituents into various categorie such as: alkaloids, triterpenoids, phenolics, polyphenols, flavonoids, monoterpene glycosides, naphthoquinones and tocopherols. Noteworthy phytoconstituents, including Neferine, Plumbagin, Boswellic acid, Genistein, Luteolin, Kirenol, Rutin, Vicenin-2, Gamma-tocopherol, Icariin, Resveratrol, Mangiferin, Betulinic acid, Berberine, Syringic acid, Gallocatechin, Curcumin, Loureirin-A, Loureirin-B, Lupeol, Paeoniflorin, and Puerarin emerge from these studies as promising agents for diabetic wound healing through the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. Extensive research on various phytoconstituents has revealed how they modulate signalling pathways, including NF-κB, studies that demonstrate the potential for development of therapeutic phytoconstituents to assist healing of chronic diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagat Pal Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India; Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rama University, Kanpur 209217, India; Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India.
| | - Amita Verma
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India
| | - Prateek Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Quality Assurance and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad Campus, 502329, India
| | - Ashish R Dwivedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Quality Assurance and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad Campus, 502329, India
| | - Ankit Kumar Singh
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Habibullah Khalilullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unayzah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India.
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15
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Kiełbowski K, Plewa P, Bratborska AW, Bakinowska E, Pawlik A. JAK Inhibitors in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Immunomodulatory Properties and Clinical Efficacy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8327. [PMID: 39125897 PMCID: PMC11311960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly prevalent autoimmune disorder. The pathogenesis of the disease is complex and involves various cellular populations, including fibroblast-like synoviocytes, macrophages, and T cells, among others. Identification of signalling pathways and molecules that actively contribute to the development of the disease is crucial to understanding the mechanisms involved in the chronic inflammatory environment present in affected joints. Recent studies have demonstrated that the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway regulates the behaviour of immune cells and contributes to the progression of RA. Several JAK inhibitors, such as tofacitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib, and filgocitinib, have been developed, and their efficacy and safety in patients with RA have been comprehensively investigated in a number of clinical trials. Consequently, JAK inhibitors have been approved and registered as a treatment for patients with RA. In this review, we discuss the involvement of JAK/STAT signalling in the pathogenesis of RA and summarise the potential beneficial effects of JAK inhibitors in cells implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease. Moreover, we present the most important phase 3 clinical trials that evaluated the use of these agents in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajetan Kiełbowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.K.); (E.B.)
| | - Paulina Plewa
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland;
| | | | - Estera Bakinowska
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.K.); (E.B.)
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.K.); (E.B.)
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16
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Gayathri K, Abhinand P, Gayathri V, Prasanna Lakshmi V, Chamundeeswari D, Jiang L, Tian Z, Malathi N. Computational analysis of phytocompounds in Centella asiatica for its antifibrotic and drug-likeness properties - Herb to drug study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33762. [PMID: 39027607 PMCID: PMC11255509 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder with no permanent cure that affects the quality of life due to trismus. Computational pharmacology has accelerated the discovery of drug candidates for the treatment of incurable diseases. The present study aimed to screen the compounds of the miracle herb Centella asiatica with drug-likeness properties based on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties. The pharmacological actions of these screened compounds against OSMF were identified by network pharmacology, gene ontology, pathway enrichment analysis, molecular docking, and simulation. Fifteen drug-like ligands were identified after virtual screening viz; asiatic acid, kaempferol, quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, bayogenin, gallic acid, isothankunic acid, madecassic acid, madasiatic acid, arjunolic acid, terminolic acid, catechin, epicatechin, and nobiletin. 850 potential targets were predicted for the ligands, which were analyzed against 354 proteins associated with OSMF. Compound pathway analysis and disease pathway analysis identified 53 common proteins. The GO enrichment analysis identified 472 biological process terms, 76 molecular function terms, and 44 cellular component terms. Pathway enrichment analysis predicted 142 KEGG pathways, 35 Biocarta pathways, and 236 Reactome pathways for the target proteins. The analysis revealed that the herb targets crucial events of fibrosis such as inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, collagen deposition, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The common 53 proteins were used for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, which revealed 4 key proteins interacting with the phytocompounds viz; transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), mothers against decapentaplegic-3 (SMAD-3), mitogen-activated protein kinase-1 (MAPK-1) and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (SRC). Molecular docking revealed that all ligands had a good binding affinity to the target proteins. Bayogenin had the highest binding affinity towards MAPK-1 (-9.7 kcal/mol), followed by isothankunic acid towards SRC protein (-9.3 kcal/mol). Madasiatic acid had the highest binding affinity to SMAD-3 (-7.6 kcal/mol) and TGF-β1 (-7.1 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamics simulation demonstrated stable ligand protein interactions of bayogenin and MAPK complex, isothankunic acid and SRC complex. This in silico study is the first to identify potential phytochemicals present in Centella asiatica and their target molecules, which might be responsible for reversing OSMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Gayathri
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India
| | - P.A. Abhinand
- Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India
| | - V. Gayathri
- Centre for Toxicology and Developmental Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India
| | - V. Prasanna Lakshmi
- Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India
| | - D. Chamundeeswari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Oral Pathology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Tian
- Department of Oral Pathology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - N. Malathi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India
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17
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Li D, Shan S, Mao X, Zhao Y, Chen B, Xiong Q, Pan D, Huang S. CS12192, a novel JAK3/JAK1/TBK1 inhibitor, attenuates autoimmune dermatoses in murine models. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38918174 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2024.2373223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autoimmune dermatosis (AID) occurs when the body's immune system attacks skin or tissue, leading to various types of skin disorders or injuries. Recent studies show that Janus kinases (JAKs) play critical roles in autoimmune diseases including AID by regulating multiple cytokine signaling pathways. CS12192, a novel JAK3/JAK1/TBK1 inhibitor, has been reported to exert ameliorative effects in rheumatoid arthritis. However, the efficacy of CS12192 on AID is undetermined. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of CS12192 on psoriasis (PSO), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and atopic dermatitis (AD) in mouse models. METHODS Interleukin-23 (IL-23)-induced PSO model, spontaneous SLE model of MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/J (MRL/lpr) mice, and oxazolone (OXA) and dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced murine AD models were used for the evaluation of curative effects of CS12192, respectively. The skin lesion, biochemical parameters, ear thickness, ear weight and histopathology were assessed accordingly. RESULTS In PSO model, mice treated with CS12192 show reduced ear thickness and ear weight as compared with vehicle. In SLE model, CS12192 ameliorates cutaneous parameters such as lymphadenectasis and skin lesion but not systematic parameters such as proteinuria concentration and score, serum dsDNA and BUN concentration. In AD models, CS12192 dose-dependently improves ear swelling and reduces histological scores, exerting equivalent efficacy with baricitinib, a marketed JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the novel JAK3/JAK1/TBK1 inhibitor CS12192 is potentially to alleviate autoimmune dermatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Chengdu Chipscreen Pharmaceutical Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Song Shan
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuhua Mao
- Chengdu Chipscreen Pharmaceutical Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiru Zhao
- Chengdu Chipscreen Pharmaceutical Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Beizhong Chen
- Chengdu Chipscreen Pharmaceutical Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiuyun Xiong
- Chengdu Chipscreen Pharmaceutical Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Desi Pan
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengjian Huang
- Chengdu Chipscreen Pharmaceutical Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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18
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Gnanagobal H, Chakraborty S, Vasquez I, Chukwu-Osazuwa J, Cao T, Hossain A, Dang M, Valderrama K, Kumar S, Bindea G, Hill S, Boyce D, Hall JR, Santander J. Transcriptome profiling of lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) head kidney to Renibacterium salmoninarum at early and chronic infection stages. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 156:105165. [PMID: 38499166 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Renibacterium salmoninarum causes Bacterial Kidney Disease (BKD) in several fish species. Atlantic lumpfish, a cleaner fish, is susceptible to R. salmoninarum. To profile the transcriptome response of lumpfish to R. salmoninarum at early and chronic infection stages, fish were intraperitoneally injected with either a high dose of R. salmoninarum (1 × 109 cells dose-1) or PBS (control). Head kidney tissue samples were collected at 28- and 98-days post-infection (dpi) for RNA sequencing. Transcriptomic profiling identified 1971 and 139 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in infected compared with control samples at 28 and 98 dpi, respectively. At 28 dpi, R. salmoninarum-induced genes (n = 434) mainly involved in innate and adaptive immune response-related pathways, whereas R. salmoninarum-suppressed genes (n = 1537) were largely connected to amino acid metabolism and cellular processes. Cell-mediated immunity-related genes showed dysregulation at 98 dpi. Several immune-signalling pathways were dysregulated in response to R. salmoninarum, including apoptosis, alternative complement, JAK-STAT signalling, and MHC-I dependent pathways. In summary, R. salmoninarum causes immune suppression at early infection, whereas lumpfish induce a cell-mediated immune response at chronic infection. This study provides a complete depiction of diverse immune mechanisms dysregulated by R. salmoninarum in lumpfish and opens new avenues to develop immune prophylactic tools to prevent BKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajarooba Gnanagobal
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
| | - Setu Chakraborty
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Ignacio Vasquez
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Joy Chukwu-Osazuwa
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Trung Cao
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Ahmed Hossain
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - My Dang
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Katherine Valderrama
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Surendra Kumar
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada; Ocean Frontier Institute, Ocean Sciences Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Gabriela Bindea
- INSERM, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, 75006, Paris, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, 75013, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Stephen Hill
- Cold-Ocean Deep-Sea Research Facility, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Danny Boyce
- The Dr. Joe Brown Aquatic Research Building (JBARB), Ocean Sciences Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Jennifer R Hall
- Aquatic Research Cluster, CREAIT Network, Ocean Sciences Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Javier Santander
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
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19
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Yen JH, Chang CC, Hsu HJ, Yang CH, Mani H, Liou JW. C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12-C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 signaling axis in cancer and the development of chemotherapeutic molecules. Tzu Chi Med J 2024; 36:231-239. [PMID: 38993827 PMCID: PMC11236080 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_52_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are small, secreted cytokines crucial in the regulation of a variety of cell functions. The binding of chemokine C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) (stromal cell-derived factor 1) to a G-protein-coupled receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) triggers downstream signaling pathways with effects on cell survival, proliferation, chemotaxis, migration, and gene expression. Intensive and extensive investigations have provided evidence suggesting that the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis plays a pivotal role in tumor development, survival, angiogenesis, metastasis, as well as in creating tumor microenvironment, thus implying that this axis is a potential target for the development of cancer therapies. The structures of CXCL12 and CXCR4 have been resolved with experimental methods such as X-ray crystallography, NMR, or cryo-EM. Therefore, it is possible to apply structure-based computational approaches to discover, design, and modify therapeutic molecules for cancer treatments. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the roles played by the CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling axis in cellular functions linking to cancer progression and metastasis. This review also provides an introduction to protein structures of CXCL12 and CXCR4 and the application of computer simulation and analysis in understanding CXCR4 activation and antagonist binding. Furthermore, examples of strategies and current progress in CXCL12-CXCR4 axis-targeted development of therapeutic anticancer inhibitors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Hung Yen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chun Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jen Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hao Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hemalatha Mani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Je-Wen Liou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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20
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Read NE, Wilson HM. Recent Developments in the Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) as a Regulator of Immune Cell Signalling in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7207. [PMID: 39000313 PMCID: PMC11241678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a non-receptor tyrosine phosphatase best known for its role in regulating insulin and leptin signalling. Recently, knowledge on the role of PTP1B as a major regulator of multiple signalling pathways involved in cell growth, proliferation, viability and metabolism has expanded, and PTP1B is recognised as a therapeutic target in several human disorders, including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases and hematopoietic malignancies. The function of PTP1B in the immune system was largely overlooked until it was discovered that PTP1B negatively regulates the Janus kinase-a signal transducer and activator of the transcription (JAK/STAT) signalling pathway, which plays a significant role in modulating immune responses. PTP1B is now known to determine the magnitude of many signalling pathways that drive immune cell activation and function. As such, PTP1B inhibitors are being developed and tested in the context of inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Here, we provide an up-to-date summary of the molecular role of PTP1B in regulating immune cell function and how targeting its expression and/or activity has the potential to change the outcomes of immune-mediated and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neve E Read
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Heather M Wilson
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
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21
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Yu L, Deng Y, Wang X, Santos C, Davis IJ, Earp HS, Liu P. Co-targeting JAK1/STAT6/GAS6/TAM signaling improves chemotherapy efficacy in Ewing sarcoma. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5292. [PMID: 38906855 PMCID: PMC11192891 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma is a pediatric bone and soft tissue tumor treated with chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. Despite intensive multimodality therapy, ~50% patients eventually relapse and die of the disease due to chemoresistance. Here, using phospho-profiling, we find Ewing sarcoma cells treated with chemotherapeutic agents activate TAM (TYRO3, AXL, MERTK) kinases to augment Akt and ERK signaling facilitating chemoresistance. Mechanistically, chemotherapy-induced JAK1-SQ phosphorylation releases JAK1 pseudokinase domain inhibition allowing for JAK1 activation. This alternative JAK1 activation mechanism leads to STAT6 nuclear translocation triggering transcription and secretion of the TAM kinase ligand GAS6 with autocrine/paracrine consequences. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of either JAK1 by filgotinib or TAM kinases by UNC2025 sensitizes Ewing sarcoma to chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Excitingly, the TAM kinase inhibitor MRX-2843 currently in human clinical trials to treat AML and advanced solid tumors, enhances chemotherapy efficacy to further suppress Ewing sarcoma tumor growth in vivo. Our findings reveal an Ewing sarcoma chemoresistance mechanism with an immediate translational value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yu Deng
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Charlene Santos
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ian J Davis
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - H Shelton Earp
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Pengda Liu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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22
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Ziętara KJ, Wróblewska K, Zajączkowska M, Taczała J, Lejman M. The Role of the JAK-STAT Pathway in Childhood B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6844. [PMID: 38999955 PMCID: PMC11241568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia is a hematologic neoplasm that poses a serious health concern in childhood. Genetic aberrations, such as mutations in the genes IL-7, IL7R, JAK1, JAK2, TLSP, CRLF2, and KTM2A or gene fusions involving BCR::ABL1, ETV6::RUNX1, and PAX5::JAK2, often correlate with the onset of this disease. These aberrations can lead to malfunction of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, which is implicated in various important biological processes, including those related to immunology. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the malfunction of the JAK-STAT pathway holds potential for research on drugs targeting its components. Available drugs that interfere with the JAK-STAT pathway include fludarabine, ruxolitinib, and fedratinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Joanna Ziętara
- Student Scientific Society, Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.J.Z.); (K.W.); (M.Z.)
| | - Kinga Wróblewska
- Student Scientific Society, Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.J.Z.); (K.W.); (M.Z.)
| | - Monika Zajączkowska
- Student Scientific Society, Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.J.Z.); (K.W.); (M.Z.)
| | - Joanna Taczała
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Monika Lejman
- Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
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23
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Saroha HS, Bhat S, Das L, Dutta P, Holick MF, Sachdeva N, Marwaha RK. Calcifediol boosts efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine by upregulating genes promoting memory T cell responses. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:114. [PMID: 38902265 PMCID: PMC11190216 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00909-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (COVISHIELD) vaccine has emerged as a pivotal tool in the global fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. In our previous study eligible subjects were supplemented with calcifediol, a direct precursor to the biologically active form of vitamin D, calcitriol with an objective to enhance the immunogenicity of the COVISHIELD vaccine. Herein we investigated the effects of calcifediol supplementation on gene expression profiles in individuals who received the COVISHIELD vaccine. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from vaccinated individuals with and without calcifediol supplementation at baseline, 3rd and 6th month, and the gene expression profiles were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. The results revealed distinct patterns of gene expression associated with calcifediol supplementation, suggesting potential molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of calcifediol in improving the efficacy of COVISHIELD vaccine via augmentation of T cell activation, proliferation and T cell memory responses. Additionally, there was upregulation of NOD like receptor, JAK/STAT and TGF beta signaling pathways. Calcifediol supplementation in vaccinated individuals also downregulated the pathways related to the Coronavirus disease. Taken together, our findings provide valuable insights into the interplay between vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling and vaccine-induced immune responses and offer another approach in improving vaccination induced antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Singh Saroha
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Swati Bhat
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Liza Das
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Pinaki Dutta
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Michael F Holick
- Department of Section on Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition & Weight Management, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naresh Sachdeva
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Raman Kumar Marwaha
- Department of Endocrinology, International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) and Society for Endocrine Health Care of Elderly, Adolescents and Children (SEHEAC), New Delhi, India.
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24
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Tan YL, Al-Masawa ME, Eng SP, Shafiee MN, Law JX, Ng MH. Therapeutic Efficacy of Interferon-Gamma and Hypoxia-Primed Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles: Underlying Mechanisms and Potentials in Clinical Translation. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1369. [PMID: 38927577 PMCID: PMC11201753 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) hold promises for cell therapy and tissue engineering due to their self-renewal and differentiation abilities, along with immunomodulatory properties and trophic factor secretion. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from MSCs offer similar therapeutic effects. However, MSCs are heterogeneous and lead to variable outcomes. In vitro priming enhances MSC performance, improving immunomodulation, angiogenesis, proliferation, and tissue regeneration. Various stimuli, such as cytokines, growth factors, and oxygen tension, can prime MSCs. Two classical priming methods, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and hypoxia, enhance MSC immunomodulation, although standardized protocols are lacking. This review discusses priming protocols, highlighting the most commonly used concentrations and durations, along with mechanisms and in vivo therapeutics effects of primed MSCs and their EVs. The feasibility of up-scaling their production was also discussed. The review concluded that priming with IFN-γ or hypoxia (alone or in combination with other factors) boosted the immunomodulation capability of MSCs and their EVs, primarily via the JAK/STAT and PI3K/AKT and Leptin/JAK/STAT and TGF-β/Smad signalling pathways, respectively. Incorporating priming in MSC and EV production enables translation into cell-based or cell-free therapies for various disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ling Tan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (Y.L.T.); (M.E.A.-M.); (J.X.L.)
| | - Maimonah Eissa Al-Masawa
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (Y.L.T.); (M.E.A.-M.); (J.X.L.)
| | - Sue Ping Eng
- NK Biocell Sdn. Bhd, Unit 1-22A, 1st Floor Pusat Perdagangan Berpadu (United Point), No.10, Jalan Lang Emas, Kuala Lumpur 51200, Malaysia;
| | - Mohamad Nasir Shafiee
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Jia Xian Law
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (Y.L.T.); (M.E.A.-M.); (J.X.L.)
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (Y.L.T.); (M.E.A.-M.); (J.X.L.)
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25
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Gavrilita E, Silion SI, Bitca ML, Tatu AL. Insights into Intrinsic Atopic Dermatitis: immunogenicity, Dysbiosis, and Imaging (Reflectance Confocal Microscopy, Optical Coherence Tomography). Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2024; 17:1377-1386. [PMID: 38881699 PMCID: PMC11179656 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s459096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a frequent inflammatory condition that usually begins during early childhood, but it increasingly starts to debut, even in the elderly. Based on immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and clinical features, two subsets of this disease have been recognized: intrinsic and extrinsic. When speaking about AD, most specialists think about filaggrin (FLG) mutations resulting in epidermal barrier defects, which is the case in most atopic patients, but some have a normal barrier, as seen by imaging, and still have specific clinical lesions along with metal allergies. Specific molecules (IL-10, IFN-γ, and HBD-3) have been shown to greatly impact the interactions between internal and external factors in this peculiar form of AD. A less-known protein, suprabasin, has been highlighted as a promising explanation for nickel anomalies in intrinsic AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gavrilita
- Dermatology Department, "Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva" Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, Galați, Romania
- Multidisciplinary Integrated Center of Dermatological Interface Research MIC-DIR, "Dunărea de Jos" University, Galați, Romania
| | - Simona Ioana Silion
- Dermatology Department, "Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva" Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, Galați, Romania
- Multidisciplinary Integrated Center of Dermatological Interface Research MIC-DIR, "Dunărea de Jos" University, Galați, Romania
| | - Miruna Lorelei Bitca
- Dermatology Department, "Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva" Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, Galați, Romania
| | - Alin Laurentiu Tatu
- Dermatology Department, "Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva" Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, Galați, Romania
- Multidisciplinary Integrated Center of Dermatological Interface Research MIC-DIR, "Dunărea de Jos" University, Galați, Romania
- Clinical Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunărea de Jos" University, Galați, Romania
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26
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Ghalehbaghi B, Aazami H, Khoshmirsafa M, Mohebbi A, Babaheidarian P, Rashidi N, Mokhtarian K, Ahmadi R, Kamali M, Ponour M, Sanaei A, Seif F, Jalessi M. Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins 3 and 5 Potentially Delineate Polarization of Th cells in Chronic Rhinosinusitis. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2024; 97:165-177. [PMID: 38947108 PMCID: PMC11202107 DOI: 10.59249/hzfn2950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory condition classified into chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). Th cells manage inflammatory cells in CRS. Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) proteins regulate Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway in Th cells by polarizing toward Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells. This study evaluated the levels of SOCS1,3,5 in CRS patients to find associations with Th cells. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 20 CRSwNP patients, 12 CRSsNP patients, and 12 controls participated. The infiltration of CD4+ T cells was determined using immunohistochemistry. The expression of specific transcription factors and SOCS proteins was assessed using real-time PCR. Cytokine levels were evaluated using ELISA. SOCS protein levels were investigated using western blot analysis. Results: The expression of SOCS3 increased in the CRSwNP group compared to CRSsNP and control groups (p <0.001). SOCS3 protein levels increased in the CRSwNP group compared to CRSsNP (p <0.05) and control (p <0.001) groups. Although there was a significant difference in SOCS5 expression between CRSsNP and control groups, SOCS5 protein levels were significantly different between CRSsNP and control (p <0.001) and CRSwNP (p <0.05) groups. Conclusions: Targeted therapies may be suggested for CRS by modulating SOCS3 and SOCS5 proteins that are responsible for polarization of Th cells toward Th2 or Th1 cells, respectively. JAK-STAT pathway targeting, which encompasses numerous cells, can be limited to SOCS proteins to more effectively orchestrate Th cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Ghalehbaghi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department,
Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Hossein Aazami
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center,
Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Khoshmirsafa
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and
Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mohebbi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department,
Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Pegah Babaheidarian
- Department of Pathology, Rasoul Akram Medical Complex,
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nesa Rashidi
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and
Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kobra Mokhtarian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health
Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord,
Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health
Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord,
Iran
| | - Monireh Kamali
- Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Ponour
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, University
of Maryland, Maryland, USA
| | - Ayda Sanaei
- Department of Photodynamic Therapy, Medical Laser
Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR),
Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Seif
- Department of Photodynamic Therapy, Medical Laser
Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR),
Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Academic Center
for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Jalessi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department,
Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran
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27
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Wang X, Zhou J, Li X, Liu C, Liu L, Cui H. The Role of Macrophages in Lung Fibrosis and the Signaling Pathway. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:479-488. [PMID: 38536578 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is a dysregulated repair process caused by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix that can severely affect respiratory function. Macrophages are a group of immune cells that have multiple functions and can perform a variety of roles. Lung fibrosis develops with the involvement of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic factors secreted by macrophages. The balance between M1 and M2 macrophages has been proposed to play a role in determining the trend and severity of lung fibrosis. New avenues and concepts for preventing and treating lung fibrosis have emerged in recent years through research on mitochondria, Gab proteins, and exosomes. The main topic of this essay is the impact that mitochondria, Gab proteins, and exosomes have on macrophage polarization. In addition, the potential of these factors as targets to enhance lung fibrosis is also explored. We have also collated the functions and mechanisms of signaling pathways associated with the regulation of macrophage polarization such as Notch, TGF-β/Smad, JAK-STAT and cGAS-STING. The goal of this article is to explain the potential benefits of focusing on macrophage polarization as a way to relieve lung fibrosis. We aspire to provide valuable insights that could lead to enhancements in the treatment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmei Wang
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaxu Zhou
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Xinrui Li
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
| | - Hong Cui
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
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Nie W, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Li Y, Xu S, Hu J, Wang Y, Yan X. Identification and characterization of STAT family in silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) involved in different exogenous stresses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 149:109589. [PMID: 38685444 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Members of the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) family function pivotally as transcriptional activators integral to the modulation of inflammatory responses. The aquaculture of silver pomfret is frequently compromised by the imposition of exogenous stressors, which include thermal fluctuations, notably low-temperatures, diminished oxygen levels, and the onslaught of bacterial pathogens. Notwithstanding the critical impact of these stressors, the scientific literature presents a notable gap in our understanding of the STAT pathway's role in the silver pomfret's adaptive response mechanisms. To address this lacuna, we identified stat genes in the silver pomfret-denominated as Pastat1, Pastat2, Pastat3, Pastat4, and Pastat5-through a thorough and systematic bioinformatics analysis. Further scrutiny of the gene configurations and constituent motifs has elucidated that STAT proteins possess analogous structural frameworks and exhibit significant evolutionary preservation. Subsequently, the expression patterns of five stat genes were verified by RT-qPCR in twelve different tissues and four growth periods in healthy fish, showing that the expression of Pastat genes was temporally and spatially specific, with most of the stat genes expressed at higher levels in the spleen, following muscle, gill, and liver. Transcriptomic analysis of exposure to exogenous stressors, specifically formaldehyde and low-temperature conditions, elucidated that Pastat1 and Pastat2 genes exhibited a heightened sensitivity to these environmental challenges. RT-qPCR assays demonstrated a marked alteration in the expression profiles of jak1 and Pastat gene suites in PaS upon prolonged bacterial infection subsequent to these exogenous insults. Moreover, the gene expression of the downstream effectors involved in innate immunity and apoptosis displayed marked deviations. This study additionally elucidated the Pastat gene family's role in modulating the innate immune response and apoptotic regulation within the silver pomfret during exogenous stressors and subsequent pathogenic incursions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Nie
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuanbo Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Youyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yaya Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shanliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiabao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Lv Y, Mi P, Babon JJ, Fan G, Qi J, Cao L, Lang J, Zhang J, Wang F, Kobe B. Small molecule drug discovery targeting the JAK-STAT pathway. Pharmacol Res 2024; 204:107217. [PMID: 38777110 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway functions as a central hub for transmitting signals from more than 50 cytokines, playing a pivotal role in maintaining hematopoiesis, immune balance, and tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of this pathway has been implicated in various diseases, including immunodeficiency, autoimmune conditions, hematological disorders, and certain cancers. Proteins within this pathway have emerged as effective therapeutic targets for managing these conditions, with various approaches developed to modulate key nodes in the signaling process, spanning from receptor engagement to transcription factor activation. Following the success of JAK inhibitors such as tofacitinib for RA treatment and ruxolitinib for managing primary myelofibrosis, the pharmaceutical industry has obtained approvals for over 10 small molecule drugs targeting the JAK-STAT pathway and many more are at various stages of clinical trials. In this review, we consolidate key strategies employed in drug discovery efforts targeting this pathway, with the aim of contributing to the collective understanding of small molecule interventions in the context of JAK-STAT signaling. We aspire that our endeavors will contribute to advancing the development of innovative and efficacious treatments for a range of diseases linked to this pathway dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Lv
- Center for Molecular Biosciences and Non-Communicable Diseases Research, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China; Xi'an Amazinggene Co., Ltd, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China
| | - Pengbing Mi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Jeffrey J Babon
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Guohuang Fan
- Immunophage Biotech Co., Ltd, No. 10 Lv Zhou Huan Road, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Jianxun Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Longxing Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Jiajia Lang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Xi'an Amazinggene Co., Ltd, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710026, China
| | - Faming Wang
- Center for Molecular Biosciences and Non-Communicable Diseases Research, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China.
| | - Bostjan Kobe
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Brooks SG, Yosipovitch G. A critical evaluation of nemolizumab for prurigo nodularis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:577-587. [PMID: 38217530 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2306225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that presents with intensely pruritic, hyperkeratotic nodules. The pathophysiology underlying PN is not entirely clear, making treatment challenging. Patients often require a multimodal approach, although many of the available therapies have low efficacy or adverse effects. AREAS COVERED In this review, we discuss the use of nemolizumab for the treatment of PN in adults. Nemolizumab is a biological therapy that reduces type 2 cytokines and the neuroimmune response implicated in the pathophysiology of PN. It also helps maintain skin barrier integrity, which may be damaged during the vicious itch-scratch cycle. Nemolizumab has demonstrated great efficacy in improving itch and clearing lesions in recent clinical trials with respectable tolerance. EXPERT OPINION Nemolizumab is a promising drug for PN that seems comparable to the recently approved dupilumab in terms of its therapeutic effect and excellent safety profile, although nemolizumab may work more rapidly on itch. JAK inhibitors are also emerging as competitors of biologics for PN, however, their safety profile in this population may differ. Trials evaluating these drugs are needed to assess which is preferable. Additional data on the durability and longevity of nemolizumab for PN treatment is highly anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah G Brooks
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miami Itch Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Gil Yosipovitch
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miami Itch Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Pasamba EC, Orda MA, Villanueva BHA, Tsai PW, Tayo LL. Transcriptomic Analysis of Hub Genes Reveals Associated Inflammatory Pathways in Estrogen-Dependent Gynecological Diseases. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:397. [PMID: 38927277 PMCID: PMC11201105 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Gynecological diseases are triggered by aberrant molecular pathways that alter gene expression, hormonal balance, and cellular signaling pathways, which may lead to long-term physiological consequences. This study was able to identify highly preserved modules and key hub genes that are mainly associated with gynecological diseases, represented by endometriosis (EM), ovarian cancer (OC), cervical cancer (CC), and endometrial cancer (EC), through the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of microarray datasets sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Five highly preserved modules were observed across the EM (GSE51981), OC (GSE63885), CC (GSE63514), and EC (GSE17025) datasets. The functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the highly preserved modules were heavily involved in several inflammatory pathways that are associated with transcription dysregulation, such as NF-kB signaling, JAK-STAT signaling, MAPK-ERK signaling, and mTOR signaling pathways. Furthermore, the results also include pathways that are relevant in gynecological disease prognosis through viral infections. Mutations in the ESR1 gene that encodes for ERα, which were shown to also affect signaling pathways involved in inflammation, further indicate its importance in gynecological disease prognosis. Potential drugs were screened through the Drug Repurposing Encyclopedia (DRE) based on the up-and downregulated hub genes, wherein a bacterial ribosomal subunit inhibitor and a benzodiazepine receptor agonist were the top candidates. Other drug candidates include a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, glucocorticoid receptor agonists, cholinergic receptor agonists, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, sterol demethylase inhibitors, a bacterial antifolate, and serotonin receptor antagonist drugs which have known anti-inflammatory effects, demonstrating that the gene network highlights specific inflammatory pathways as a therapeutic avenue in designing drug candidates for gynecological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine C. Pasamba
- School of Graduate Studies, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines; (E.C.P.); (M.A.O.); (B.H.A.V.)
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines
| | - Marco A. Orda
- School of Graduate Studies, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines; (E.C.P.); (M.A.O.); (B.H.A.V.)
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines
| | - Brian Harvey Avanceña Villanueva
- School of Graduate Studies, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines; (E.C.P.); (M.A.O.); (B.H.A.V.)
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
| | - Lemmuel L. Tayo
- School of Graduate Studies, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines; (E.C.P.); (M.A.O.); (B.H.A.V.)
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila City 1002, Philippines
- Department of Biology, School of Health Sciences, Mapúa University, Makati City 1203, Philippines
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Tolue Ghasaban F, Ghanei M, Mahmoudian RA, Taghehchian N, Abbaszadegan MR, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of epithelial mesenchymal transition in pancreatic tumor cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30599. [PMID: 38726188 PMCID: PMC11079401 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC), as one of the main endocrine and digestive systems malignancies has the highest cancer related mortality in the world. Lack of the evident clinical symptoms and appropriate diagnostic markers in the early stages of tumor progression are the main reasons of the high mortality rate among PC patients. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the molecular pathways involved in the PC progression, in order to introduce novel early diagnostic methods. Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical cellular process associated with pancreatic tumor cells invasion and distant metastasis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are also important regulators of EMT process. In the present review, we discussed the role of miRNAs in regulation of EMT process during PC progression. It has been reported that the miRNAs mainly regulate the EMT process in pancreatic tumor cells through the regulation of EMT-specific transcription factors and several signaling pathways such as WNT, NOTCH, TGF-β, JAK/STAT, and PI3K/AKT. Considering the high stability of miRNAs in body fluids and their role in regulation of EMT process, they can be introduced as the non-invasive diagnostic markers in the early stages of malignant pancreatic tumors. This review paves the way to introduce a non-invasive EMT based panel marker for the early tumor detection among PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Tolue Ghasaban
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ghanei
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Alsadat Mahmoudian
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Negin Taghehchian
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Hong H, Wang Y, Menard M, Buckley J, Zhou L, Volpicelli-Daley L, Standaert D, Qin H, Benveniste E. Suppression of the JAK/STAT Pathway Inhibits Neuroinflammation in the Line 61-PFF Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4307273. [PMID: 38766241 PMCID: PMC11100885 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4307273/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by neuroinflammation, progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons, and accumulation of a-synuclein (a-Syn) into insoluble aggregates called Lewy pathology. The Line 61 a-Syn mouse is an established preclinical model of PD; Thy-1 is used to promote human a-Syn expression, and features of sporadic PD develop at 9-18 months of age. To accelerate the PD phenotypes, we injected sonicated human a-Syn preformed fibrils (PFFs) into the striatum, which produced phospho-Syn (p-a-Syn) inclusions in the substantia nigra pars compacta and significantly increased MHC Class II-positive immune cells. Additionally, there was enhanced infiltration and activation of innate and adaptive immune cells in the midbrain. We then used this new model, Line 61-PFF, to investigate the effect of inhibiting the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, which is critical for regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. After administration of the JAK1/2 inhibitor AZD1480, immunofluorescence staining showed a significant decrease in p-a-Syn inclusions and MHC Class II expression. Flow cytometry showed reduced infiltration of CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells, CD19+ B-cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and endogenous microglia into the midbrain. Importantly, single-cell RNA-Sequencing analysis of CD45+ cells from the midbrain identified 9 microglia clusters, 5 monocyte/macrophage (MM) clusters, and 5 T-cell (T) clusters, in which potentially pathogenic MM4 and T3 clusters were associated with neuroinflammatory responses in Line 61-PFF mice. AZD1480 treatment reduced cell numbers and cluster-specific expression of the antigen-presentation genes H2-Eb1, H2-Aa, H2-Ab1, and Cd74 in the MM4 cluster and proinflammatory genes such as Tnf, Il1b, C1qa, and C1qc in the T3 cluster. Together, these results indicate that inhibiting the JAK/STAT pathway suppresses the activation and infiltration of innate and adaptive cells, reducing neuroinflammation in the Line 61-PFF mouse model.
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Panda SP, Kesharwani A, Datta S, Prasanth DSNBK, Panda SK, Guru A. JAK2/STAT3 as a new potential target to manage neurodegenerative diseases: An interactive review. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 970:176490. [PMID: 38492876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are a collection of incapacitating disorders in which neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis are major pathological consequences due to oxidative stress. Neuroinflammation manifests in the impacted cerebral areas as a result of pro-inflammatory cytokines stimulating the Janus Kinase2 (JAK2)/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription3 (STAT3) pathway via neuronal cells. The pro-inflammatory cytokines bind to their respective receptor in the neuronal cells and allow activation of JAK2. Activated JAK2 phosphorylates tyrosines on the intracellular domains of the receptor which recruit the STAT3 transcription factor. The neuroinflammation issues are exacerbated by the active JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in conjunction with additional transcription factors like nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Neuronal apoptosis is a natural process made worse by persistent neuroinflammation and immunological responses via caspase-3 activation. The dysregulation of micro-RNA (miR) expression has been observed in the consequences of neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis. Neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis-associated gene amplification may be caused by dysregulated miR-mediated aberrant phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway components. Therefore, JAK2/STAT3 is an attractive therapeutic target for NDDs. Numerous synthetic and natural small molecules as JAK2/STAT3 inhibitors have therapeutic advances against a wide range of diseases, and many are now in human clinical studies. This review explored the interactive role of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling system with key pathological factors during the reinforcement of NDDs. Also, the clinical trial data provides reasoning evidence about the possible use of JAK2/STAT3 inhibitors to abate neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis in NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Prasad Panda
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Adarsh Kesharwani
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Samaresh Datta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Birbhum Pharmacy School, Sadaipur, Birbhum, West Bengal, India
| | - D S N B K Prasanth
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), Polepally SEZ, TSIIC, Jadcherla, Mahbubnagar, Hyderabad, 509301, India
| | | | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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Gygi JP, Konstorum A, Pawar S, Aron E, Kleinstein SH, Guan L. A supervised Bayesian factor model for the identification of multi-omics signatures. Bioinformatics 2024; 40:btae202. [PMID: 38603606 PMCID: PMC11078774 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btae202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Predictive biological signatures provide utility as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis, as well as prediction of responses to vaccination or therapy. These signatures are identified from high-throughput profiling assays through a combination of dimensionality reduction and machine learning techniques. The genes, proteins, metabolites, and other biological analytes that compose signatures also generate hypotheses on the underlying mechanisms driving biological responses, thus improving biological understanding. Dimensionality reduction is a critical step in signature discovery to address the large number of analytes in omics datasets, especially for multi-omics profiling studies with tens of thousands of measurements. Latent factor models, which can account for the structural heterogeneity across diverse assays, effectively integrate multi-omics data and reduce dimensionality to a small number of factors that capture correlations and associations among measurements. These factors provide biologically interpretable features for predictive modeling. However, multi-omics integration and predictive modeling are generally performed independently in sequential steps, leading to suboptimal factor construction. Combining these steps can yield better multi-omics signatures that are more predictive while still being biologically meaningful. RESULTS We developed a supervised variational Bayesian factor model that extracts multi-omics signatures from high-throughput profiling datasets that can span multiple data types. Signature-based multiPle-omics intEgration via lAtent factoRs (SPEAR) adaptively determines factor rank, emphasis on factor structure, data relevance and feature sparsity. The method improves the reconstruction of underlying factors in synthetic examples and prediction accuracy of coronavirus disease 2019 severity and breast cancer tumor subtypes. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION SPEAR is a publicly available R-package hosted at https://bitbucket.org/kleinstein/SPEAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy P Gygi
- Program in Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Anna Konstorum
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Shrikant Pawar
- Department of Genetics, Yale Center for Genomic Analysis (YCGA), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Edel Aron
- Program in Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Steven H Kleinstein
- Program in Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Leying Guan
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
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Fitzpatrick AM, Huang M, Mohammad AF, Stephenson ST, Kamaleswaran R, Grunwell JR. Dysfunctional neutrophil type 1 interferon responses in preschool children with recurrent wheezing and IL-4-mediated aeroallergen sensitization. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. GLOBAL 2024; 3:100229. [PMID: 38510797 PMCID: PMC10950716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Background The innate mechanisms associated with viral exacerbations in preschool children with recurrent wheezing are not understood. Objective We sought to assess differential gene expression in blood neutrophils from preschool children with recurrent wheezing, stratified by aeroallergen sensitization, at baseline and after exposure to polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) and also to examine whether poly(I:C)-stimulated blood neutrophils influenced airway epithelial gene expression. Methods Blood neutrophils were purified and cultured overnight with poly(I:C) and underwent next-generation sequencing with Reactome pathway analysis. Primary human small airway epithelial cells were treated with poly(I:C)-treated neutrophil culture supernatants and were analyzed for type 1 interferon gene expression with a targeted array. Symptoms and exacerbations were assessed in participants over 12 months. Results A total of 436 genes were differently expressed in neutrophils from children with versus without aeroallergen sensitization at baseline, with significant downregulation of type 1 interferons. These type 1 interferons were significantly upregulated in sensitized children after poly(I:C) stimulation. Confirmatory experiments demonstrated similar upregulation of type 1 interferons in IL-4-treated neutrophils stimulated with poly(I:C). Poly(I:C)-treated neutrophil supernatants from children with aeroallergen sensitization also induced a type 1 interferon response in epithelial cells. Children with aeroallergen sensitization also had higher symptom scores during exacerbations, and these symptom differences persisted for 3 days after prednisolone treatment. Conclusions Type 1 interferon responses are dysregulated in preschool children with aeroallergen sensitization, which is in turn associated with exacerbation severity. Given the importance of type 1 interferon signaling in viral resolution, additional studies of neutrophil type 1 interferon responses are needed in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M. Fitzpatrick
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | | | | | | | - Jocelyn R. Grunwell
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Ga
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Siddique R, Gupta G, Mgm J, Kumar A, Kaur H, Ariffin IA, Pramanik A, Almalki WH, Ali H, Shahwan M, Patel N, Murari K, Mishra R, Thapa R, Bhat AA. Targeting notch-related lncRNAs in cancer: Insights into molecular regulation and therapeutic potential. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 257:155282. [PMID: 38608371 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a group of diseases marked by unchecked cell proliferation and the ability for the disease to metastasize to different body areas. Enhancements in treatment and early detection are crucial for improved outcomes. LncRNAs are RNA molecules that encode proteins and have a length of more than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs are crucial for chromatin architecture, gene regulation, and other cellular activities that impact both normal growth & pathological processes, even though they are unable to code for proteins. LncRNAs have emerged as significant regulators in the study of cancer biology, with a focus on their intricate function in the Notch signaling pathway. The imbalance of this pathway is often linked to a variety of malignancies. Notch signaling is essential for cellular functions like proliferation, differentiation, and death. The cellular response is shaped by these lncRNAs through their modulation of essential Notch pathway constituents such as receptors, ligands, and downstream effectors around it. Furthermore, a variety of cancer types exhibit irregular expression of Notch-related lncRNAs, underscoring their potential use as therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers. Gaining an understanding of the molecular processes behind the interaction between the Notch pathway and lncRNAs will help you better understand the intricate regulatory networks that control the development of cancer. This can open up new possibilities for individualized treatment plans and focused therapeutic interventions. The intricate relationships between lncRNAs & the Notch pathway in cancer are examined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raihan Siddique
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Johar Mgm
- Management and Science University (MSU), Shah Alam, Selangor 40100 MSU, Malaysia
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560069, India; Department of Pharmacy, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh 247341, India; Department of Health & Allied Sciences, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand- 831001, India
| | - I A Ariffin
- Management and Science University (MSU), Shah Alam, Selangor 40100 MSU, Malaysia
| | - Atreyi Pramanik
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Divison of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Department of Pharmacology, Kyrgyz State Medical College, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Neeraj Patel
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Krishna Murari
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Riya Mishra
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Riya Thapa
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Asif Ahmad Bhat
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India.
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Jafarzadeh A, Jafarzadeh Z, Nemati M, Yoshimura A. The Interplay Between Helicobacter pylori and Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) Molecules in the Development of Gastric Cancer and Induction of Immune Response. Helicobacter 2024; 29:e13105. [PMID: 38924222 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonizes the stomach and leads to the secretion of a vast range of cytokines by infiltrated leukocytes directing immune/inflammatory response against the bacterium. To regulate immune/inflammatory responses, suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins bind to multiple signaling components located downstream of cytokine receptors, such as Janus kinase (JAK), signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT). Dysfunctional SOCS proteins in immune cells may facilitate the immune evasion of H. pylori, allowing the bacteria to induce chronic inflammation. Dysregulation of SOCS expression and function can contribute to the sustained H. pylori-mediated gastric inflammation which can lead to gastric cancer (GC) development. Among SOCS molecules, dysregulated expression of SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and SOCS6 were indicated in H. pylori-infected individuals as well as in GC tissues and cells. H. pylori-induced SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and SOCS6 dysregulation can contribute to the GC development. The expression of SOCS molecules can be influenced by various factors, such as epigenetic DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs, and gene polymorphisms. Modulation of the expression of SOCS molecules in gastric epithelial cells and immune cells can be considered to control gastric carcinogenesis as well as regulate antitumor immune responses, respectively. This review aimed to explain the interplay between H. pylori and SOCS molecules in GC development and immune response induction as well as to provide insights regarding potential therapeutic strategies modulating SOCS molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Applied Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Han T, Xu Y, Liu H, Sun L, Cheng X, Shen Y, Wei J. Function and Mechanism of Abscisic Acid on Microglia-Induced Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4920. [PMID: 38732130 PMCID: PMC11084589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), as a neurologically implemented disease with complex etiological factors, has a complex and variable pathogenesis. Accompanying further research, neuroinflammation has been found to be one of the possible factors in its pathogenesis. Microglia, as intrinsic immune cells in the brain, play an important role in maintaining microenvironmental homeostasis in the brain. However, over-activation of neurotoxic microglia in PD promotes neuroinflammation, which further increases dopaminergic (DA) neuronal damage and exacerbates the disease process. Therefore, targeting and regulating the functional state of microglia is expected to be a potential avenue for PD treatment. In addition, plant extracts have shown great potential in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders due to their abundant resources, mild effects, and the presence of multiple active ingredients. However, it is worth noting that some natural products have certain toxic side effects, so it is necessary to pay attention to distinguish medicinal ingredients and usage and dosage when using to avoid aggravating the progression of diseases. In this review, the roles of microglia with different functional states in PD and the related pathways inducing microglia to transform into neuroprotective states are described. At the same time, it is discussed that abscisic acid (ABA) may regulate the polarization of microglia by targeting them, promote their transformation into neuroprotective state, reduce the neuroinflammatory response in PD, and provide a new idea for the treatment of PD and the selection of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Han
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (T.H.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Yuxiang Xu
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (T.H.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Haixuan Liu
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (T.H.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Lin Sun
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiangshu Cheng
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (T.H.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Jianshe Wei
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (T.H.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (X.C.)
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Perez-Quintero LA, Abidin BM, Tremblay ML. Immunotherapeutic implications of negative regulation by protein tyrosine phosphatases in T cells: the emerging cases of PTP1B and TCPTP. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1364778. [PMID: 38707187 PMCID: PMC11066278 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1364778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of inflammation, T cell activation occurs by the concerted signals of the T cell receptor (TCR), co-stimulatory receptors ligation, and a pro-inflammatory cytokine microenvironment. Fine-tuning these signals is crucial to maintain T cell homeostasis and prevent self-reactivity while offering protection against infectious diseases and cancer. Recent developments in understanding the complex crosstalk between the molecular events controlling T cell activation and the balancing regulatory cues offer novel approaches for the development of T cell-based immunotherapies. Among the complex regulatory processes, the balance between protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) and the protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) controls the transcriptional and metabolic programs that determine T cell function, fate decision, and activation. In those, PTPs are de facto regulators of signaling in T cells acting for the most part as negative regulators of the canonical TCR pathway, costimulatory molecules such as CD28, and cytokine signaling. In this review, we examine the function of two close PTP homologs, PTP1B (PTPN1) and T-cell PTP (TCPTP; PTPN2), which have been recently identified as promising candidates for novel T-cell immunotherapeutic approaches. Herein, we focus on recent studies that examine the known contributions of these PTPs to T-cell development, homeostasis, and T-cell-mediated immunity. Additionally, we describe the signaling networks that underscored the ability of TCPTP and PTP1B, either individually and notably in combination, to attenuate TCR and JAK/STAT signals affecting T cell responses. Thus, we anticipate that uncovering the role of these two PTPs in T-cell biology may lead to new treatment strategies in the field of cancer immunotherapy. This review concludes by exploring the impacts and risks that pharmacological inhibition of these PTP enzymes offers as a therapeutic approach in T-cell-based immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Perez-Quintero
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Belma Melda Abidin
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel L. Tremblay
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Qiu S, Li X, Qian Y, He K. Early utilization of Ruxolitinib in acute graft-versus-Host Disease after liver transplant. Asian J Surg 2024:S1015-9584(24)00655-9. [PMID: 38641533 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2024.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Xingjie Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Division of Transplant Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA
| | - Yongbing Qian
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Kang He
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
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Adamu A, Li S, Gao F, Xue G. The role of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases: current understanding and future therapeutic targets. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1347987. [PMID: 38681666 PMCID: PMC11045904 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1347987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation refers to a highly complicated reaction of the central nervous system (CNS) to certain stimuli such as trauma, infection, and neurodegenerative diseases. This is a cellular immune response whereby glial cells are activated, inflammatory mediators are liberated and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are synthesized. Neuroinflammation is a key process that helps protect the brain from pathogens, but inappropriate, or protracted inflammation yields pathological states such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's, Multiple Sclerosis, and other neurodegenerative disorders that showcase various pathways of neurodegeneration distributed in various parts of the CNS. This review reveals the major neuroinflammatory signaling pathways associated with neurodegeneration. Additionally, it explores promising therapeutic avenues, such as stem cell therapy, genetic intervention, and nanoparticles, aiming to regulate neuroinflammation and potentially impede or decelerate the advancement of these conditions. A comprehensive understanding of the intricate connection between neuroinflammation and these diseases is pivotal for the development of future treatment strategies that can alleviate the burden imposed by these devastating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guofang Xue
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Luo J, Wang H, Chen J, Wei X, Feng J, Zhang Y, Zhou Y. The Application of Drugs and Nano-Therapies Targeting Immune Cells in Hypoxic Inflammation. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:3441-3459. [PMID: 38617798 PMCID: PMC11015843 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s456533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune cells are pivotal in the dynamic interplay between hypoxia and inflammation. During hypoxic conditions, HIF-1α, a crucial transcription factor, facilitates the adaptation of immune cells to the hypoxic micro-environment. This adaptation includes regulating immune cell metabolism, significantly impacting inflammation development. Strategies for anti-inflammatory and hypoxic relief have been proposed, aiming to disrupt the hypoxia-inflammation nexus. Research extensively focuses on anti-inflammatory agents and materials that target immune cells. These primarily mitigate hypoxic inflammation by encouraging M2-macrophage polarization, restraining neutrophil proliferation and infiltration, and maintaining Treg/TH17 balance. Additionally, oxygen-releasing nano-materials play a significant role. By alleviating hypoxia and clearing reactive oxygen species (ROS), these nano-materials indirectly influence immune cell functions. This paper delves into the response of immune cells under hypoxic conditions and the resultant effects on inflammation. It provides a comprehensive overview of various therapies targeting specific immune cells for anti-inflammatory purposes and explores nano-materials that either carry or generate oxygen to alleviate anoxic micro-environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanchi Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingxia Chen
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuyan Wei
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Feng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yidi Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
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Dold L, Kalthoff S, Frank L, Zhou T, Esser P, Lutz P, Strassburg CP, Spengler U, Langhans B. STAT activation in regulatory CD4 + T cells of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1248. [PMID: 38607233 PMCID: PMC11010953 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regulatory CD4+ T cells (Tregs) are pivotal for inhibition of autoimmunity. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an autoimmune cholestatic liver disease of unknown etiology where contribution of Tregs is still unclear. Activation of the JAK-STAT pathway critically modifies functions of Tregs. In PSC, we studied activation of STAT proteins and Treg functions in response to cytokines. METHODS In 51 patients with PSC, 10 disease controls (chronic replicative hepatitis C), and 36 healthy controls we analyzed frequencies of Foxp3+CD25+CD127lowCD4+ Tregs, their expression of ectonucleotidase CD39, and cytokine-induced phosphorylation of STAT1, 3, 5, and 6 using phospho-flow cytometry. In parallel, we measured cytokines IFN-gamma, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-2, and IL-4 in serum via bead-based immunoassays. RESULTS In patients with PSC, ex vivo frequencies of peripheral Tregs and their expression of CD39 were significantly reduced (p < .05 each). Furthermore, serum levels of IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-2, and IL-4 were markedly higher in PSC (p < .05 each). Unlike activation of STAT1, STAT5, and STAT6, IL-6 induced increased phosphorylation of STAT3 in Tregs of PSC-patients (p = .0434). Finally, STAT3 activation in Tregs correlated with leukocyte counts. CONCLUSIONS In PSC, we observed enhanced STAT3 responsiveness of CD4+ Tregs together with reduced CD39 expression probably reflecting inflammatory activity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leona Dold
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Cologne-Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Kalthoff
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Leonie Frank
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Taotao Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Pia Esser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Philipp Lutz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Spengler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bettina Langhans
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Cologne-Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Luo F, Zhang Y, Wang P. Tofacitinib for the treatment of severe rare skin diseases: a narrative review. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 80:481-492. [PMID: 38231227 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-024-03621-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autoimmune bullous diseases, connective tissue diseases, and vasculitis represent a group of severe rare skin diseases. While glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents serve as standard treatments for these diseases, their efficacy is limited due to adverse side effects, indicating the need for alternative approaches. Biologics have been used in the management of some rare skin diseases. However, the use of biologics is associated with concerns, such as infection risk and high costs, prompting the quest for efficacious and cost-effective alternatives. This study discusses the safety issues associated with tofacitinib and its potential in treating rare skin diseases. METHODS This narrative review focuses on the pharmacodynamic properties of tofacitinib and its impact on the JAK/STAT pathway. In addition, we present a comprehensive discussion of the effects and mechanism of action of tofacitinib for each severe rare skin disease. RESULTS This role of tofacitinib in treating severe rare skin diseases has been discussed, shedding light on its promising prospects as a treatment modality. Few reports of serious adverse events are available in patients treated with tofacitinib. CONCLUSION We explored the mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety considerations of tofacitinib and found that it can be used as a treatment option for rare skin diseases. However, multicenter clinical studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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Rana V, Kim E, Murphy M, Rizzuto P. Bilateral, sequential orbital inflammatory syndrome associated with ruxolitinib. Orbit 2024; 43:248-252. [PMID: 36278254 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2022.2109177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ruxolitinib is an oral Janus associated kinase (JAK) inhibitor commonly used in the treatment of primary myelofibrosis. We describe a case of an 86-year-old woman on ruxolitinib for primary myelofibrosis who presented with a three-day history of worsening left eyelid swelling, pain, and decreased vision. Her exam was notable for left upper lid ptosis, periorbital edema, and nearly complete external ophthalmoplegia along with diffuse conjunctival injection and microcystic corneal edema. An orbital computed tomography demonstrated left proptosis accompanied by extensive inflammatory changes of the preseptal and orbital soft tissues. She was diagnosed with acute left orbital inflammatory syndrome (OIS) and treated with intravenous methylprednisolone, one gram over 48 hours followed by an oral steroid taper as well as discontinuation of her ruxolitinib. Complete recovery was noted at her one-week follow-up visit and ruxolitinib was restarted. However, 3 weeks later, she presented with new right periorbital swelling and pain and was found to have a sequential right OIS for which she was again treated with methylprednisolone and discontinuation of ruxolitinib with the goal of transitioning to an alternative biologic agent. Although there are no previous documented cases of ruxolitinib associated orbital inflammatory syndrome, a similar JAK inhibitor medication, Fedratinib, has been reported to cause a similar side effect. We propose that her ruxolitinib paradoxically lead to a pro-inflammatory state leading to bilateral, sequential orbital inflammatory syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Rana
- Division of Ophthalmology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Eric Kim
- Division of Ophthalmology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Marjorie Murphy
- Division of Ophthalmology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Philip Rizzuto
- Division of Ophthalmology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Sureshan M, Prabhu D, Joshua SN, Sasikumar SV, Rajamanikandan S, Govindhapriya M, Umadevi V, Kadhirvel S. Discovery of plant-based phytochemical as effective antivirals that target the non-structural protein C of the Nipah virus through computational methods. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3568-3578. [PMID: 37222609 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2214236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nipah Virus (NiV) belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family and was first identified during an outbreak in Malaysia. Some initial symptoms include mild fever, headache and sore throat, which could escalate to respiratory illness and brain inflammation. The mortality rate of NiV infection can range from 40% to 75%, which is quite high. This is mainly due to the lack of efficient drugs and vaccines. In most instances, NiV is transmitted from animals to humans. Non-Structural Proteins (C, V and W) of the Nipah virus impede the host immune response by obstructive the JAK/STAT pathway. However, Non-Structural Proteins - C (NSP-C) plays a vital role in NiV pathogenesis, which includes IFN antagonist activity and viral RNA production. In the present study, the full-length structure of NiV-NSP-C was predicted using computational modelling, and the stability of the structure was analysed using 200 ns molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. Further, the structure-based virtual screening identified five potent phytochemicals (PubChem CID: 9896047, 5885, 117678, 14887603 and 5461026) with better binding affinity against NiV-NSP-C. DFT studies clearly showed that the phytochemicals had higher chemical reactivity, and the complex MD simulation depicted that the identified inhibitors exhibited stable binding with NiV-NSP-C. Furthermore, experimental validation of these identified phytochemicals would likely control the infection of NiV.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthusamy Sureshan
- Biomolecular Crystallography Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dhamodharan Prabhu
- Centre for Drug Discovery; Department of Biotechnology; Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India
| | - Sharon Nissi Joshua
- Biomolecular Crystallography Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Shruti Vardhini Sasikumar
- Biomolecular Crystallography Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Sundarraj Rajamanikandan
- Centre for Drug Discovery; Department of Biotechnology; Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India
| | | | - Venkatachalam Umadevi
- Faculty of Physics, Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi, India
| | - Saraboji Kadhirvel
- Department of Computational Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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48
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Alvarez F, Liu Z, Bay A, Piccirillo CA. Deciphering the developmental trajectory of tissue-resident Foxp3 + regulatory T cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1331846. [PMID: 38605970 PMCID: PMC11007185 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1331846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Foxp3+ TREG cells have been at the focus of intense investigation for their recognized roles in preventing autoimmunity, facilitating tissue recuperation following injury, and orchestrating a tolerance to innocuous non-self-antigens. To perform these critical tasks, TREG cells undergo deep epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional changes that allow them to adapt to conditions found in tissues both at steady-state and during inflammation. The path leading TREG cells to express these tissue-specialized phenotypes begins during thymic development, and is further driven by epigenetic and transcriptional modifications following TCR engagement and polarizing signals in the periphery. However, this process is highly regulated and requires TREG cells to adopt strategies to avoid losing their regulatory program altogether. Here, we review the origins of tissue-resident TREG cells, from their thymic and peripheral development to the transcriptional regulators involved in their tissue residency program. In addition, we discuss the distinct signalling pathways that engage the inflammatory adaptation of tissue-resident TREG cells, and how they relate to their ability to recognize tissue and pathogen-derived danger signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Alvarez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Zhiyang Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Bay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ciriaco A. Piccirillo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), Montréal, QC, Canada
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Li X, Rasul A, Sharif F, Hassan M. PIAS family in cancer: from basic mechanisms to clinical applications. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1376633. [PMID: 38590645 PMCID: PMC10999569 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1376633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein inhibitors of activated STATs (PIAS) are proteins for cytokine signaling that activate activator-mediated gene transcription. These proteins, as versatile cellular regulators, have been described as regulators of approximately 60 proteins. Dysregulation of PIAS is associated with inappropriate gene expression that promotes oncogenic signaling in multiple cancers. Multiple lines of evidence have revealed that PIAS family members show modulated expressions in cancer cells. Most frequently reported PIAS family members in cancer development are PIAS1 and PIAS3. SUMOylation as post-translational modifier regulates several cellular machineries. PIAS proteins as SUMO E3 ligase factor promotes SUMOylation of transcription factors tangled cancer cells for survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Attenuated PIAS-mediated SUMOylation mechanism is involved in tumorigenesis. This review article provides the PIAS/SUMO role in the modulation of transcriptional factor control, provides brief update on their antagonistic function in different cancer types with particular focus on PIAS proteins as a bonafide therapeutic target to inhibit STAT pathway in cancers, and summarizes natural activators that may have the ability to cure cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Li
- KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farzana Sharif
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mudassir Hassan
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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50
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Babaei G, Sadraei S, Yarahmadi M, Omidvari S, Aarabi A, Rajabibazl M. STAT protein family and cardiovascular diseases: overview of pathological mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:440. [PMID: 38520542 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09371-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the significant causes of death and are considered a major concern of human society. One of the most crucial objectives of scientists is to reveal the mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of CVD, which has attracted the attention of many scientists. Accumulating evidence showed that the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway is involved in various physiological and pathological processes. According to research on the molecular mechanisms of CVDs, the STAT family of proteins is one of the most crucial players in these diseases. Numerous studies have demonstrated the undeniable relevance of STAT family proteins in various CVDs. The aim of this review is to shed light on how STAT signaling pathways are related to CVD and the potential for using these signaling pathways as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghader Babaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Samin Sadraei
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maral Yarahmadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samareh Omidvari
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aryan Aarabi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Rajabibazl
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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