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Liu L, Tao X, Ma P, Li Y. Association of circulation very long chain saturated fatty acids with depression in NHANES 2011-2014. J Affect Disord 2024; 358:28-34. [PMID: 38703909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that elevated levels of medium and long chain saturated fatty acids are associated with an increased risk of depression. However, little is known about the effect of very long chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFAs) on depression. Therefore, our study aimed to examine the association between VLSFAs and depression in the US adult population. METHODS A total of 2706 participants with serum VLSFAs detection from NHANES 2011-2014 were included in the study. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between quartile levels of serum VLSFAs (20:0, 22:0, 23:0, 24:0, and total VLSFA) and depression. RESULTS After adjusting for multiple variables, we found that increased circulating levels of 22:0, 23:0, 24:0 and total VLSFA were linearly associated with a reduced risk of depression (model 3, Q4 OR: 0.658, 95 % CI: 0.438-0.989, P-trend = 0.023; OR: 0.515, 95 % CI: 0.339-0.782, P-trend<0.001; OR: 0.556, 95 % CI: 0.370-0.835, P-trend = 0.003; OR: 0.652, 95 % CI: 0.435-0.976, P-trend = 0.021, respectively). Additionally, individuals with the highest serum ratios of 22:0/16:0, 23:0/16:0, 24:0/16:0 and total VLSFA/16:0 also had a lower risk of depression after adjusting for multiple variables compared to the group with the lowest serum VLSFAs/16:0 (P-trend = 0.001, <0.001, 0.001 and 0.004, respectively). Moreover, the decreasing trend of depression associated with increased VLSFAs/18:0 remained significant. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our findings suggest that increased circulating levels of 22:0, 23:0, 24:0 and total VLSFA may have a protective effect against the risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xinmiao Tao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Pingnan Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China..
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Annevelink CE, Westra J, Sala-Vila A, Harris WS, Tintle NL, Shearer GC. A Genome-Wide Interaction Study of Erythrocyte ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Species and Memory in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort. J Nutr 2024; 154:1640-1651. [PMID: 38141771 PMCID: PMC11347816 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive decline, and more specifically Alzheimer's disease, continues to increase in prevalence globally, with few, if any, adequate preventative approaches. Several tests of cognition are utilized in the diagnosis of cognitive decline that assess executive function, short- and long-term memory, cognitive flexibility, and speech and motor control. Recent studies have separately investigated the genetic component of both cognitive health, using these measures, and circulating fatty acids. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the potential moderating effect of main species of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on an individual's genetically conferred risk of cognitive decline. METHODS The Offspring cohort from the Framingham Heart Study was cross-sectionally analyzed in this genome-wide interaction study (GWIS). Our sample included all individuals with red blood cell ω-3 PUFA, genetic, cognitive testing (via Trail Making Tests [TMTs]), and covariate data (N = 1620). We used linear mixed effects models to predict each of the 3 cognitive measures (TMT A, TMT B, and TMT D) by each ω-3 PUFA, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (0, 1, or 2 minor alleles), ω-3 PUFA by SNP interaction term, and adjusting for sex, age, education, APOE ε4 genotype status, and kinship (relatedness). RESULTS Our analysis identified 31 unique SNPs from 24 genes reaching an exploratory significance threshold of 1×10-5. Fourteen of the 24 genes have been previously associated with the brain/cognition, and 5 genes have been previously associated with circulating lipids. Importantly, 8 of the genes we identified, DAB1, SORCS2, SERINC5, OSBPL3, CPA6, DLG2, MUC19, and RGMA, have been associated with both cognition and circulating lipids. We identified 22 unique SNPs for which individuals with the minor alleles benefit substantially from increased ω-3 fatty acid concentrations and 9 unique SNPs for which the common homozygote benefits. CONCLUSIONS In this GWIS of ω-3 PUFA species on cognitive outcomes, we identified 8 unique genes with plausible biology suggesting individuals with specific polymorphisms may have greater potential to benefit from increased ω-3 PUFA intake. Additional replication in prospective settings with more diverse samples is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen E Annevelink
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Jason Westra
- Fatty Acid Research Institute (FARI), Sioux Falls, SD, United States
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Fatty Acid Research Institute (FARI), Sioux Falls, SD, United States; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - William S Harris
- Fatty Acid Research Institute (FARI), Sioux Falls, SD, United States; Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
| | - Nathan L Tintle
- Fatty Acid Research Institute (FARI), Sioux Falls, SD, United States; Department of Population Health Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gregory C Shearer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.
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3
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Karjalainen MK, Karthikeyan S, Oliver-Williams C, Sliz E, Allara E, Fung WT, Surendran P, Zhang W, Jousilahti P, Kristiansson K, Salomaa V, Goodwin M, Hughes DA, Boehnke M, Fernandes Silva L, Yin X, Mahajan A, Neville MJ, van Zuydam NR, de Mutsert R, Li-Gao R, Mook-Kanamori DO, Demirkan A, Liu J, Noordam R, Trompet S, Chen Z, Kartsonaki C, Li L, Lin K, Hagenbeek FA, Hottenga JJ, Pool R, Ikram MA, van Meurs J, Haller T, Milaneschi Y, Kähönen M, Mishra PP, Joshi PK, Macdonald-Dunlop E, Mangino M, Zierer J, Acar IE, Hoyng CB, Lechanteur YTE, Franke L, Kurilshikov A, Zhernakova A, Beekman M, van den Akker EB, Kolcic I, Polasek O, Rudan I, Gieger C, Waldenberger M, Asselbergs FW, Hayward C, Fu J, den Hollander AI, Menni C, Spector TD, Wilson JF, Lehtimäki T, Raitakari OT, Penninx BWJH, Esko T, Walters RG, Jukema JW, Sattar N, Ghanbari M, Willems van Dijk K, Karpe F, McCarthy MI, Laakso M, Järvelin MR, Timpson NJ, Perola M, Kooner JS, Chambers JC, van Duijn C, Slagboom PE, Boomsma DI, Danesh J, Ala-Korpela M, Butterworth AS, Kettunen J. Genome-wide characterization of circulating metabolic biomarkers. Nature 2024; 628:130-138. [PMID: 38448586 PMCID: PMC10990933 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07148-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Genome-wide association analyses using high-throughput metabolomics platforms have led to novel insights into the biology of human metabolism1-7. This detailed knowledge of the genetic determinants of systemic metabolism has been pivotal for uncovering how genetic pathways influence biological mechanisms and complex diseases8-11. Here we present a genome-wide association study for 233 circulating metabolic traits quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in up to 136,016 participants from 33 cohorts. We identify more than 400 independent loci and assign probable causal genes at two-thirds of these using manual curation of plausible biological candidates. We highlight the importance of sample and participant characteristics that can have significant effects on genetic associations. We use detailed metabolic profiling of lipoprotein- and lipid-associated variants to better characterize how known lipid loci and novel loci affect lipoprotein metabolism at a granular level. We demonstrate the translational utility of comprehensively phenotyped molecular data, characterizing the metabolic associations of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Finally, we observe substantial genetic pleiotropy for multiple metabolic pathways and illustrate the importance of careful instrument selection in Mendelian randomization analysis, revealing a putative causal relationship between acetone and hypertension. Our publicly available results provide a foundational resource for the community to examine the role of metabolism across diverse diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna K Karjalainen
- Systems Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, Arctic Biobank, Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Savita Karthikeyan
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Clare Oliver-Williams
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Public Health Specialty Training Programme, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eeva Sliz
- Systems Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Elias Allara
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Behaviour, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wing Tung Fung
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Praveen Surendran
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Rutherford Fund Fellow, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kati Kristiansson
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matt Goodwin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - David A Hughes
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lilian Fernandes Silva
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Xianyong Yin
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matt J Neville
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, OUHFT Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Natalie R van Zuydam
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ayse Demirkan
- Surrey Institute for People-Centred AI, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Section of Statistical Multi-Omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Jun Liu
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christiana Kartsonaki
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Kuang Lin
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fiona A Hagenbeek
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouke Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René Pool
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joyce van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Toomas Haller
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Erin Macdonald-Dunlop
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jonas Zierer
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ilhan E Acar
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carel B Hoyng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yara T E Lechanteur
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Kurilshikov
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Zhernakova
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marian Beekman
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik B van den Akker
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Center for Computational Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- The Delft Bioinformatics Lab, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Department of Cardiology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Health Data Research UK and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke I den Hollander
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Genomics Research Center, Abbvie, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tonu Esko
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Robin G Walters
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Naveed Sattar
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, OUHFT Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, OYS, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Markus Perola
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cornelia van Duijn
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development (AR&D) Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Behaviour, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Mika Ala-Korpela
- Systems Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Behaviour, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Johannes Kettunen
- Systems Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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4
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Al-Bustan SA, Alrashid MH, Al-Serri AE, Annice BG, Bahbahani HM. Sequence Variant Analysis of the APOCII Locus among an Arab Cohort. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16293. [PMID: 38003484 PMCID: PMC10671382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein CII (ApocII) plays a key role in regulating lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in lipid metabolism and transport. Numerous polymorphisms within APOCII are reportedly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), dyslipidemia, and aberrant plasma lipid levels. Few studies have investigated sequence variants at APOCII loci and their association with metabolic disorders. This study aimed to identify and characterize genetic variants by sequencing the full APOCII locus and its flanking sequences in a sample of the Kuwaiti Arab population, including patients with T2DM, hypertriglyceridemia, non-Arab patients with T2DM, and healthy Arab controls. A total of 52 variants were identified in the noncoding sequences: 45 single nucleotide polymorphisms, wherein five were novel, and seven insertion deletions. The minor allele frequency (MAF) of the 47 previously reported variants was similar to the global MAF and to that reported in major populations. Sequence variant analysis predicted a conserved role for APOCII with a potential role for rs5120 in T2DM and rs7133873 as an informative ethnicity marker. This study adds to the ongoing research that attempts to identify ethnicity-specific variants in the apolipoprotein gene loci and associated LPL genes to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne A. Al-Bustan
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Kuwait University, Farwaniya 85700, Kuwait; (M.H.A.); (B.G.A.); (H.M.B.)
| | - Maryam H. Alrashid
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Kuwait University, Farwaniya 85700, Kuwait; (M.H.A.); (B.G.A.); (H.M.B.)
| | - Ahmad E. Al-Serri
- Unit of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Hawally 46300, Kuwait;
| | - Babitha G. Annice
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Kuwait University, Farwaniya 85700, Kuwait; (M.H.A.); (B.G.A.); (H.M.B.)
| | - Hussain M. Bahbahani
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Kuwait University, Farwaniya 85700, Kuwait; (M.H.A.); (B.G.A.); (H.M.B.)
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5
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Haycock PC, Borges MC, Burrows K, Lemaitre RN, Harrison S, Burgess S, Chang X, Westra J, Khankari NK, Tsilidis KK, Gaunt T, Hemani G, Zheng J, Truong T, O’Mara TA, Spurdle AB, Law MH, Slager SL, Birmann BM, Saberi Hosnijeh F, Mariosa D, Amos CI, Hung RJ, Zheng W, Gunter MJ, Davey Smith G, Relton C, Martin RM. Design and quality control of large-scale two-sample Mendelian randomization studies. Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:1498-1521. [PMID: 38587501 PMCID: PMC10555669 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mendelian randomization (MR) studies are susceptible to metadata errors (e.g. incorrect specification of the effect allele column) and other analytical issues that can introduce substantial bias into analyses. We developed a quality control (QC) pipeline for the Fatty Acids in Cancer Mendelian Randomization Collaboration (FAMRC) that can be used to identify and correct for such errors. Methods We collated summary association statistics from fatty acid and cancer genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and subjected the collated data to a comprehensive QC pipeline. We identified metadata errors through comparison of study-specific statistics to external reference data sets (the National Human Genome Research Institute-European Bioinformatics Institute GWAS catalogue and 1000 genome super populations) and other analytical issues through comparison of reported to expected genetic effect sizes. Comparisons were based on three sets of genetic variants: (i) GWAS hits for fatty acids, (ii) GWAS hits for cancer and (iii) a 1000 genomes reference set. Results We collated summary data from 6 fatty acid and 54 cancer GWAS. Metadata errors and analytical issues with the potential to introduce substantial bias were identified in seven studies (11.6%). After resolving metadata errors and analytical issues, we created a data set of 219 842 genetic associations with 90 cancer types, generated in analyses of 566 665 cancer cases and 1 622 374 controls. Conclusions In this large MR collaboration, 11.6% of included studies were affected by a substantial metadata error or analytical issue. By increasing the integrity of collated summary data prior to their analysis, our protocol can be used to increase the reliability of downstream MR analyses. Our pipeline is available to other researchers via the CheckSumStats package (https://github.com/MRCIEU/CheckSumStats).
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip C Haycock
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Maria Carolina Borges
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kimberley Burrows
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Sean Harrison
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xuling Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat—National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jason Westra
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, Dordt College, Sioux Center, IA, USA
| | - Nikhil K Khankari
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kostas K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Tom Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gibran Hemani
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jie Zheng
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Therese Truong
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Team “Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health”, CESP, Villejuif, France
| | - Tracy A O’Mara
- Genetics and Computational Biology Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Genetics and Computational Biology Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Matthew H Law
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Susan L Slager
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Brenda M Birmann
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Daniela Mariosa
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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6
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Zeng L, Lv H, Wang X, Xue R, Zhou C, Liu X, Yu H. Causal effects of fatty acids on depression: Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1010476. [PMID: 36562041 PMCID: PMC9763462 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1010476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Fatty acids (FA) are widely believed to play a role in the pathophysiology of depression. However, the causal relationships between FA and depression remain elusive and warrant further research. We aimed to investigate the potential causal relationship between FA [saturated fatty acids (SFA), mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)] and the risk of depression using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods We conducted a two-sample MR analysis using large-scale European-based genome-wide association studies (GWASs) summary data related to depression (n = 500,199 individuals) and FA [saturated fatty acids (SFA), mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)] levels. MR analysis was performed using the Wald ratio and inverse variance-weighted (IVW) methods, and sensitivity analysis was conducted by the simple mode, weighted mode, weighted median method, and MR-Egger method. Results We found the causal effects for the levels of oleic acid (OA; OR = 1.07, p = 5.72 × 10-4), adrenic acid (OR = 0.74, p = 1.01 × 10-3), α-linolenic acid (ALA; OR = 2.52, p = 1.01 × 10-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; OR = 0.84, p = 3.11 × 10-3) on depression risk, after Bonferroni correction. The sensitivity analyses indicated similar trends. No causal effect between the levels of SFA and depression risk was observed. Conclusion Our study suggests that adrenic acid and EPA are protective against the risk of depression, while OA and ALA are potential risk factors for depression. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms that mediate the association between these FAs and depression risk should be investigated in further experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingsi Zeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Honggang Lv
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Xubo Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Ranran Xue
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Cong Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China,Xia Liu,
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Hao Yu,
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7
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Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in obese youth with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Curr Opin Pediatr 2022; 34:414-422. [PMID: 35836399 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0000000000001138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this review is to present the new definition of the disease, defining the epidemiology, risk factors with a particular attention to the role of insulin resistance (IR) and to define the main treatments explored. RECENT FINDINGS Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was previously considered a primary liver disease, but it would be more correct to consider it a component of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in which IR might play a key role. Based on these findings, it has been recently proposed to modify the classic term of NAFLD to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) that better reflects the pathophysiology of this complex disease. SUMMARY Currently, no treatments approved in childhood are available, thus the only recommended approach is the prevention and correction of the known risk factors, and particularly of IR. However, further studies are needed to better clarify the pathogenetic mechanisms of NAFLD in order to establish more tailored therapies.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In contrast to other saturated fatty acids, very long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFAs) have received limited attention The purpose of this review is to summarize the associations of VLSFAs, including arachidic acid, behenic acid, and lignoceric acid, with cardiovascular disease outcomes and type 2 diabetes; to discuss the findings implications; and to call for future studies of the VLSFAs. RECENT FINDINGS Increased levels of circulating VLSFAs have been found associated with lower risks of incident heart failure, atrial fibrillation, coronary heart disease, mortality, sudden cardiac arrest, type 2 diabetes, and with better aging. The VLSFA associations are paralleled by associations of plasma ceramide and sphingomyelin species carrying a VLSFA with lower risks of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and mortality, suggesting VLSFAs affect the biological activity of ceramides and sphingomyelins thereby impacting health. For diabetes, there is no such parallel and the associations of VLSFAs with diabetes may be confounded or mediated by triglyceride and circulating palmitic acid, possible biomarkers of de novo lipogenesis. SUMMARY In many ways, the epidemiology has preceded our knowledge of VLSFAs biology. We hope this review will spur interest from the research community in further studying these potentially beneficial fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozenn N. Lemaitre
- University of Washington, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Seattle, Washington
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9
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Vogelpohl FA, Gomes-Neto AW, Martini IA, Sotomayor CG, Groothof D, Osté MCJ, Heiner-Fokkema MR, Muskiet FAJ, Berger SP, Navis G, Kema IP, Bakker SJL. Low Circulating Concentrations of Very Long Chain Saturated Fatty Acids Are Associated with High Risk of Mortality in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Nutrients 2021; 13:3383. [PMID: 34684385 PMCID: PMC8540190 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney transplant recipients (KTR) are at increased risk of mortality, particularly from infectious diseases, due to lifelong immunosuppression. Although very long chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFA) have been identified as crucial for phagocytosis and clearance of infections, their association with mortality in immunocompromised patient groups has not been studied. In this prospective cohort study we included 680 outpatient KTR with a functional graft ≥1 year and 193 healthy controls. Plasma VLSFA (arachidonic acid (C20:0), behenic acid (C22:0) and lignoceric acid (C24:0)) were measured by gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector. Cox regression analyses was used to prospectively study the associations of VLSFA with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. All studied VLSFA were significantly lower in KTR compared to healthy controls (all p < 0.001). During a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 5.6 (5.2-6.3) years, 146 (21%) KTR died, of which 41 (28%) died due to infectious diseases. In KTR, C22:0 was inversely associated with risk of all-cause mortality, with a HR (95% CI) per 1-SD-increment of 0.79 (0.64-0.99), independent of adjustment for potential confounders. All studied VLSFA were particularly strongly associated with mortality from infectious causes, with respective HRs for C20:0, C22:0 and C24:0 of 0.53 (0.35-0.82), 0.48 (0.30-0.75), and 0.51 (0.33-0.80), independent of potential confounders. VLSFA are inversely associated with infectious disease mortality in KTR after adjustment, including HDL-cholesterol. Further studies are needed to assess the effect of VLSFA-containing foods on the risk of infectious diseases in immunocompromised patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian A. Vogelpohl
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.W.G.-N.); (C.G.S.); (D.G.); (M.C.J.O.); (S.P.B.); (G.N.); (S.J.L.B.)
| | - António W. Gomes-Neto
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.W.G.-N.); (C.G.S.); (D.G.); (M.C.J.O.); (S.P.B.); (G.N.); (S.J.L.B.)
| | - Ingrid A. Martini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (I.A.M.); (M.R.H.-F.); (F.A.J.M.); (I.P.K.)
| | - Camilo G. Sotomayor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.W.G.-N.); (C.G.S.); (D.G.); (M.C.J.O.); (S.P.B.); (G.N.); (S.J.L.B.)
| | - Dion Groothof
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.W.G.-N.); (C.G.S.); (D.G.); (M.C.J.O.); (S.P.B.); (G.N.); (S.J.L.B.)
| | - Maryse C. J. Osté
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.W.G.-N.); (C.G.S.); (D.G.); (M.C.J.O.); (S.P.B.); (G.N.); (S.J.L.B.)
| | - Margaretha Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (I.A.M.); (M.R.H.-F.); (F.A.J.M.); (I.P.K.)
| | - Frits A. J. Muskiet
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (I.A.M.); (M.R.H.-F.); (F.A.J.M.); (I.P.K.)
| | - Stefan P. Berger
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.W.G.-N.); (C.G.S.); (D.G.); (M.C.J.O.); (S.P.B.); (G.N.); (S.J.L.B.)
| | - Gerjan Navis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.W.G.-N.); (C.G.S.); (D.G.); (M.C.J.O.); (S.P.B.); (G.N.); (S.J.L.B.)
| | - Ido P. Kema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (I.A.M.); (M.R.H.-F.); (F.A.J.M.); (I.P.K.)
| | - Stephan J. L. Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.W.G.-N.); (C.G.S.); (D.G.); (M.C.J.O.); (S.P.B.); (G.N.); (S.J.L.B.)
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Yang S, Dong Y, Liu Y, Yan X, Sun G, Jia G, Li X, Liu H, Su H, Li Y. Application of lipidomics strategy to explore aging-related biomarkers and potential anti-aging mechanisms of ginseng. Biogerontology 2021; 22:589-602. [PMID: 34542790 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-021-09937-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging often leads to an increase risk of age-related diseases, and the development of anti-aging drugs have become the trend and focus of the current scientific research. In this experiment, serum samples from healthy people of different ages were analyzed based on clinical lipidomics, and a total of 10 potential biomarkers in middle-aged and youth group, 20 biomarkers in the youth and the elderly group were obtained. Furthermore, dhSph and dhCer involved above may affect the aging process through sphingolipid metabolic pathway. As the first and rate-limiting step of catalyzing de novo sphingolipid pathway, SPT may play a key role in human anti-aging, which is revealed by lipidomics liposome tracer analysis. The potential active components in ginseng on SPT was further verified by molecular docking virtual screening and atomic force microscope. Four ingredients of ginseng may reduce the levels of metabolites dhSph and dhCer by inhibiting the activity of SPT, and play an anti-aging effect by affecting the sphingolipid metabolism pathway.A clinical trials registration number: ChiCTR1900026836.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenshen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10, Poyang Lake Road, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yaqian Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10, Poyang Lake Road, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yuechen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10, Poyang Lake Road, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xingxu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10, Poyang Lake Road, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Guijiang Sun
- Department of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No. 23 Pingjiang Street, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Guoxiang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10, Poyang Lake Road, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiaokai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10, Poyang Lake Road, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10, Poyang Lake Road, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Haihua Su
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, PKU Care CNOOC Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yubo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10, Poyang Lake Road, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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11
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Luo C, Liu H, Wang X, Xia L, Huang H, Peng X, Xia C, Liu L. The associations between individual plasma SFAs, serine palmitoyl-transferase long-chain base subunit 3 gene rs680379 polymorphism, and type 2 diabetes among Chinese adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:704-712. [PMID: 33964854 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several individual studies have shown that circulating levels of odd-chain SFAs and very-long-chain SFAs (VLSFAs) may have beneficial effects, but the results are mixed. While the dietary and metabolic factors that may influence VLSFAs are not well-known, a previous study observed associations of VLSFA concentrations with variants in serine palmitoyl-transferase long-chain base subunit 3 (SPTLC3) gene. OBJECTIVES We investigated the associations of individual plasma SFAs and SPTLC3 gene rs680379 polymorphism with metabolic risk factors and type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS We measured plasma SFAs using gas chromatography among 898 T2D cases and 1618 matched controls, and genotyped the SPTLC3 gene rs680379 polymorphism using the MassArray System among 1178 T2D cases and 1907 matched controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs. RESULTS We found that plasma odd-chain SFAs and VLSFAs were correlated with favorable blood lipids and insulin resistance marker profiles. After multivariable adjustment, pentadecanoic acid (15:0) was inversely associated with the odds of T2D (OR per 1 SD difference: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.70), as were measurements of 3 individual VLSFAs [arachidic acid (20:0), behenic acid (22:0), and lignoceric acid (24:0)], with ORs ranging from 0.60 to 0.72 (95% CIs ranging between 0.52 and 0.79). The associations between 3 individual VLSFAs and T2D were attenuated after further adjustment for triglycerides. Meanwhile, compared with the rs680379 GG genotype carriers, the ORs of T2D for the GA and AA genotype carriers were 0.81 (95% CI: 0.68-0.97) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.61-0.96), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Plasma 15:0 and VLSFAs were inversely associated with T2D. Meanwhile, compared with the rs680379 GG genotype carriers, subjects with GA and AA genotypes were associated with decreased odds of T2D. More investigations are warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjie Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Xia
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanqiu Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoling Peng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Xia
- Ezhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ezhou, China
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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12
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Bockus LB, Biggs ML, Lai HTM, de Olivera Otto MC, Fretts AM, McKnight B, Sotoodehnia N, King IB, Song X, Siscovick DS, Mozaffarian D, Lemaitre RN. Assessment of Plasma Phospholipid Very-Long-Chain Saturated Fatty Acid Levels and Healthy Aging. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2120616. [PMID: 34383061 PMCID: PMC8571866 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.20616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Identifying novel factors that protect against age-related diseases and promote healthy aging is critical to public health. Higher levels of circulating very-long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFAs) are integrated biomarkers of diet and metabolism shown to have beneficial associations in cardiovascular disease and total mortality, but whether they are associated with overall healthy aging is unknown. Objective To examine the association of circulating levels of 3 VLSFAs with unhealthy aging events, including incident chronic disease (cardiovascular disease, cancer, lung disease or severe kidney disease), physical dysfunction, and cognitive decline. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used 1992 to 2014 data from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). The CHS is a multicenter, population-based study of cardiovascular disease among older adults. Among the 4559 CHS participants with available fatty acid data, 1879 participants who had an age-related event before their first measurement were excluded. Data analysis was performed in 2020. Main Outcomes and Measures Plasma phospholipid VLSFA levels were measured by thin-layer chromatography followed by gas chromatography. The main outcome was the hazard ratio (HR) of an incident unhealthy aging event associated with serial measures of plasma arachidic acid, behenic acid, and lignoceric acid. Results Among the 2680 study participants (976 men [36.4%]), the mean (SD) age was 74.7 (4.8) years old at entry. During a median (interquartile range) of 6.4 (2.9-12.9) years of follow-up, 2484 participants experienced an unhealthy event. Compared with the lowest quintile, levels of behenic acid in the highest quintile of the fatty acid distribution were associated with 15% lower risk of an unhealthy event (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74-0.97; P for trend = .01) after adjustment for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and clinical conditions. In analogous comparisons, levels of lignoceric acid were similarly associated with 16% lower risk of an unhealthy event (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73-0.95; P for trend = .001). Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that higher levels of circulating behenic acid and lignoceric acid are associated with lower risk of unhealthy aging events. These results highlight the need to explore determinants of circulating VLSFAs for potential novel efforts to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee B Bockus
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Mary L Biggs
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Heidi T M Lai
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marcia C de Olivera Otto
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Irena B King
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque
| | - Xiaoling Song
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - David S Siscovick
- Division of Research, New York Academy of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
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13
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Khan SR, Manialawy Y, Obersterescu A, Cox BJ, Gunderson EP, Wheeler MB. Diminished Sphingolipid Metabolism, a Hallmark of Future Type 2 Diabetes Pathogenesis, Is Linked to Pancreatic β Cell Dysfunction. iScience 2020; 23:101566. [PMID: 33103069 PMCID: PMC7578680 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the top risk factor for future type 2 diabetes (T2D) development. Ethnicity profoundly influences who will transition from GDM to T2D, with high risk observed in Hispanic women. To better understand this risk, a nested 1:1 pair-matched, Hispanic-specific, case-control design was applied to a prospective cohort with GDM history. Women who were non-diabetic 6-9 weeks postpartum (baseline) were monitored for the development of T2D. Metabolomics were performed on baseline plasma to identify metabolic pathways associated with T2D risk. Notably, diminished sphingolipid metabolism was highly associated with future T2D. Defects in sphingolipid metabolism were further implicated by integrating metabolomics and genome-wide association data, which identified two significantly enriched T2D-linked genes, CERS2 and CERS4. Follow-up experiments in mice and cells demonstrated that inhibiting sphingolipid metabolism impaired pancreatic β cell function. These data suggest early postpartum alterations in sphingolipid biosynthesis contribute to β cell dysfunction and T2D risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saifur R. Khan
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
- Advanced Diagnostics, Metabolism, Toronto General Research Institute, ON, Canada
| | - Yousef Manialawy
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
- Advanced Diagnostics, Metabolism, Toronto General Research Institute, ON, Canada
| | | | - Brian J. Cox
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Erica P. Gunderson
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Michael B. Wheeler
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
- Advanced Diagnostics, Metabolism, Toronto General Research Institute, ON, Canada
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14
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Circulating Very-Long-Chain Saturated Fatty Acids Were Inversely Associated with Cardiovascular Health: A Prospective Cohort Study and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092709. [PMID: 32899794 PMCID: PMC7551797 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Saturated fatty acids with different chain lengths have different biological activities, but little is known about very-long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLCSFAs). This study investigated the associations between the circulating VLCSFAs and cardiovascular health. This community-based cohort study included 2198 adults without carotid artery plaques (CAPs) at baseline. The percentage of baseline erythrocyte VLCSFA (arachidic acid (C20:0), behenic acid (C22:0), and lignoceric acid (C24:0)) was measured by gas chromatography. The presence of CAPs was determined at baseline and every 3 years thereafter by ultrasound examination. A meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the pooled associations between circulating VLCSFAs and the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). During a median of 7.2 years of follow-up, 573 women (35.1%) and 281 men (49.6%) were identified as CAP incident cases. VLCSFAs were inversely related with CAP risk in women (all p-trend <0.05) but not in men. Multivariate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CAPs for the highest (vs. lowest) quartile were 0.80 (0.63–1.01) for C20:0, 0.71 (0.56–0.89) for C22:0, 0.75 (0.59–0.94) for C24:0, and 0.69 (0.55–0.87) for total VLCSFAs in women. The pooled HRs (95% CIs) of CVDs for the highest (vs. lowest) circulating VLCSFAs from seven studies including 8592 participants and 3172 CVD events were 0.67 (0.57–0.79) for C20:0, 0.66 (0.48–0.90) for C22:0, and 0.57 (0.42–0.79) for C24:0, respectively. Our findings suggested that circulating VLCSFAs were inversely associated with cardiovascular health.
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15
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Borges MC, Schmidt AF, Jefferis B, Wannamethee SG, Lawlor DA, Kivimaki M, Kumari M, Gaunt TR, Ben-Shlomo Y, Tillin T, Menon U, Providencia R, Dale C, Gentry-Maharaj A, Hughes A, Chaturvedi N, Casas JP, Hingorani AD. Circulating Fatty Acids and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke: Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis in Up to 16 126 Participants. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e013131. [PMID: 32114887 PMCID: PMC7335585 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background We aimed at investigating the association of circulating fatty acids with coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke risk. Methods and Results We conducted an individual-participant data meta-analysis of 5 UK-based cohorts and 1 matched case-control study. Fatty acids (ie, omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid, omega-6 linoleic acid, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids) were measured at baseline using an automated high-throughput serum nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics platform. Data from 3022 incident CHD cases (13 104 controls) and 1606 incident stroke cases (13 369 controls) were included. Logistic regression was used to model the relation between fatty acids and odds of CHD and stroke, adjusting for demographic and lifestyle variables only (ie, minimally adjusted model) or with further adjustment for other fatty acids (ie, fully adjusted model). Although circulating docosahexaenoic acid, but not linoleic acid, was related to lower CHD risk in the fully adjusted model (odds ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76-0.95 per standard unit of docosahexaenoic acid), there was evidence of high between-study heterogeneity and effect modification by study design. Stroke risk was consistently lower with increasing circulating linoleic acid (odds ratio for fully adjusted model, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.75-0.90). Circulating monounsaturated fatty acids were associated with higher CHD risk across all models and with stroke risk in the fully adjusted model (odds ratio, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.03-1.44). Saturated fatty acids were not related to increased CHD risk in the fully adjusted model (odds ratio, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.82-1.09), or stroke risk. Conclusions We found consistent evidence that linoleic acid was associated with decreased risk of stroke and that monounsaturated fatty acids were associated with increased risk of CHD. The different pattern between CHD and stroke in terms of fatty acids risk profile suggests future studies should be cautious about using composite events. Different study designs are needed to assess which, if any, of the associations observed is causal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Borges
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol United Kingdom.,Population Health Sciences Bristol Medical School University of Bristol United Kingdom
| | - Amand Floriaan Schmidt
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science University College London London United Kingdom.,Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy University of Groningen the Netherlands.,Division Heart and Lungs Department of Cardiology University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Jefferis
- UCL Department of Primary Care & Population Health UCL Medical School London United Kingdom
| | - S Goya Wannamethee
- UCL Department of Primary Care & Population Health UCL Medical School London United Kingdom
| | - Debbie A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol United Kingdom.,Population Health Sciences Bristol Medical School University of Bristol United Kingdom
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Meena Kumari
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University College London London United Kingdom.,Institute for Social and Economic Research University of Essex United Kingdom
| | - Tom R Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol United Kingdom.,Population Health Sciences Bristol Medical School University of Bristol United Kingdom
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Population Health Sciences Bristol Medical School University of Bristol United Kingdom
| | - Therese Tillin
- Cardiometabolic Phenotyping Group Institute of Cardiovascular Science University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Usha Menon
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL Institute of Clinical Trials & MethodologyUniversity College London London United Kingdom
| | - Rui Providencia
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics University College London London United Kingdom.,Barts Heart Centre St Bartholomew's Hospital Barts Health NHS Trust London United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Dale
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL Institute of Clinical Trials & MethodologyUniversity College London London United Kingdom
| | - Alun Hughes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Nish Chaturvedi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Juan Pablo Casas
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC) VA Boston Healthcare System Boston MA USA
| | - Aroon D Hingorani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science University College London London United Kingdom.,Farr Institute of Health Informatics University College London London United Kingdom
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16
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Murine Epidermal Ceramide Synthase 4 Is a Key Regulator of Skin Barrier Homeostasis. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:1927-1937.e5. [PMID: 32092351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal barrier dysfunction is associated with a wide range of highly prevalent inflammatory skin diseases. However, the molecular processes that drive epidermal barrier maintenance are still largely unknown. Here, using quantitative proteomics, lipidomics, and mouse genetics, we characterize epidermal barrier maintenance versus a newly established barrier and functionally identify differential ceramide synthase 4 protein expression as one key difference. We show that epidermal loss of ceramide synthase 4 first disturbs epidermal lipid metabolism and adult epidermal barrier function, ultimately resulting in chronic skin barrier disease characterized by acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and immune cell accumulation. Importantly, prolonged barrier dysfunction induced by loss of ceramide synthase 4 induced a barrier repair response that largely recapitulates molecular programs of barrier establishment. Collectively, this study provides an unbiased temporal proteomic characterization of barrier maintenance and disturbed homeostasis and shows that lipid homeostasis is essential to maintain adult skin barrier function to prevent disease.
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17
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Cresci S, Zhang R, Yang Q, Duncan MS, Xanthakis V, Jiang X, Vasan RS, Schaffer JE, Peterson LR. Genetic Architecture of Circulating Very-Long-Chain (C24:0 and C22:0) Ceramide Concentrations. J Lipid Atheroscler 2020; 9:172-183. [PMID: 32489964 PMCID: PMC7266332 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.1.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Total ceramide concentrations are linked with increased insulin resistance and cardiac dysfunction. However, recent studies have demonstrated that plasma concentrations of specific very-long-chain fatty ceramides (C24:0 and C22:0) are associated with a reduced incidence of coronary heart disease and all-cause mortality. We hypothesized that specific genetic loci are associated with plasma C22:0 and C24:0 concentrations. METHODS Heritability and genome-wide association studies of plasma C24:0 and C22:0 ceramide concentrations were performed among 2,217 participants in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort, adjusting for cardiovascular risk factor covariates and cardiovascular drug treatment. RESULTS The multivariable-adjusted heritability for C22:0 and C24:0 ceramides was 0.42 (standard error [SE], 0.07; p=1.8E-9) and 0.25 (SE, 0.08; p=0.00025), respectively. Nineteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), all on chromosome 20, significantly associated with C22:0 concentrations; the closest gene to these variants was SPTLC3. The lead SNP (rs4814175) significantly associated with 3% lower plasma C22:0 concentrations (p=2.83E-11). Nine SNPs, all on chromosome 20 and close to SPTLC3, were significantly associated with C24:0 ceramide concentrations. All 9 were also significantly related to plasma C22:0 levels. The lead SNP (rs168622) was significantly associated with 10% lower plasma C24:0 ceramide concentrations (p=9.94E-09). CONCLUSION SNPs near the SPTLC3 gene, which encodes serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 3 (SPTLC3; part of the enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step of de novo sphingolipid synthesis) were associated with plasma C22:0 and C24:0 ceramide concentrations. These results are biologically plausible and suggest that SPTLC3 may be a potential therapeutic target for C24:0 and C22:0 ceramide modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Cresci
- Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Center, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ruibo Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meredith S. Duncan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vanessa Xanthakis
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Xuntian Jiang
- Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Center, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jean E. Schaffer
- Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Center, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Linda R. Peterson
- Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Center, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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18
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Lemaitre RN, McKnight B, Sotoodehnia N, Fretts AM, Qureshi WT, Song X, King IB, Sitlani CM, Siscovick DS, Psaty BM, Mozaffarian D. Circulating Very Long-Chain Saturated Fatty Acids and Heart Failure: The Cardiovascular Health Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 7:e010019. [PMID: 30608197 PMCID: PMC6404213 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Circulating very‐long‐chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFAs) are integrated biomarkers of diet and metabolism that may point to new risk pathways and potential targets for heart failure (HF) prevention. The associations of VLSFA to HF in humans are not known. Methods and Results Using a cohort study design, we studied the associations of serially measured plasma phospholipid VLSFA with incident HF in the Cardiovascular Health Study. We investigated the associations of time‐varying levels of the 3 major circulating VLSFAs, lignoceric acid (24:0), behenic acid (22:0), and arachidic acid (20:0), with the risk of incident HF using Cox regression. During 45030 person‐years among 4249 participants, we identified 1304 cases of incident HF, including 489 with preserved and 310 with reduced ejection fraction. Adjusting for major HF risk factors and other circulating fatty acids, higher levels of each VLSFAs were associated with lower risk of incident HF (P trend≤0.0007 each). The hazard ratio comparing the highest quintile to the lowest quintile was 0.67 (95% confidence interval, 0.55–0.81) for 24:0, 0.72 (95% confidence interval, 0.60–0.87) for 22:0 and 0.72 (95% confidence interval, 0.59–0.88) for 20:0. The associations were similar in subgroups defined by sex, age, body mass index, coronary heart disease, and diabetes mellitus. Among those with ejection fraction data, the associations appeared similar for those with preserved and with reduced ejection fraction. Conclusions Higher levels of circulating VLSFAs are associated with lower risk of incident HF in older adults. These novel associations should prompt further research on the role of VLSFA in HF, including relevant new risk pathways. Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00005133.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozenn N Lemaitre
- 1 Department of Medicine Cardiovascular Health Research Unit University of Washington Seattle WA
| | - Barbara McKnight
- 2 Department of Biostatistics University of Washington Seattle WA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- 1 Department of Medicine Cardiovascular Health Research Unit University of Washington Seattle WA
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- 3 Department of Epidemiology University of Washington Seattle WA
| | - Waqas T Qureshi
- 4 School of Medicine Wake Forest University Winston Salem NC
| | - Xiaoling Song
- 5 Public Health Sciences Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle WA
| | - Irena B King
- 6 Department of Internal Medicine University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- 1 Department of Medicine Cardiovascular Health Research Unit University of Washington Seattle WA
| | - David S Siscovick
- 7 Institute for Urban Health New York Academy of Medicine New York NY
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- 1 Department of Medicine Cardiovascular Health Research Unit University of Washington Seattle WA.,3 Department of Epidemiology University of Washington Seattle WA.,8 Department of Health Services University of Washington Seattle WA.,9 Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute Seattle WA
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19
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Lemaitre RN, Jensen PN, Hoofnagle A, McKnight B, Fretts AM, King IB, Siscovick DS, Psaty BM, Heckbert SR, Mozaffarian D, Sotoodehnia N. Plasma Ceramides and Sphingomyelins in Relation to Heart Failure Risk. Circ Heart Fail 2019; 12:e005708. [PMID: 31296099 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.118.005708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ceramides exhibit multiple biological activities that may influence the pathophysiology of heart failure. These activities may be influenced by the saturated fatty acid carried by the ceramide (Cer). However, the associations of different circulating Cer species, and their sphingomyelin (SM) precursors, with heart failure have received limited attention. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied the associations of plasma Cer and SM species with incident heart failure in the Cardiovascular Health Study. We examined 8 species: Cer and SM with palmitic acid (Cer-16 and SM-16), species with arachidic acid (Cer-20 and SM-20), species with behenic acid (Cer-22 and SM-22), and species with lignoceric acid (Cer-24 and SM-24). During a median follow-up of 9.4 years, we identified 1179 cases of incident heart failure among 4249 study participants. In Cox regression analyses adjusted for risk factors, higher levels of Cer-16 and SM-16 were associated with higher risk of incident heart failure (hazard ratio for one SD increase:1.25 [95% CI, 1.16-1.36] and 1.28 [1.18-1.40], respectively). In contrast, higher levels of Cer-22 were associated with lower risk of heart failure in multivariable analyses further adjusted for Cer-16 (hazard ratio, 0.85 [0.78-0.92]); and higher levels of SM-20, SM-22 and SM-24 were associated with lower risk of heart failure in analyses further adjusted for SM-16 (hazard ratios, 0.83 [0.77-0.90], 0.81 [0.75-0.88], and 0.83 [0.77-0.90], respectively). No statistically significant interactions with age, sex, black race, body mass index, or baseline coronary heart disease were detected. Similar associations were observed for heart failure with preserved (n=529) or reduced (n=348) ejection fraction. CONCLUSIONS This study shows associations of higher plasma levels of Cer-16 and SM-16 with increased risk of heart failure and higher levels of Cer-22, SM-20, SM-22, and SM-24 with decreased risk of heart failure. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00005133.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine (R.N.L., P.N.J., B.M.P., S.R.H., N.S.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Paul N Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine (R.N.L., P.N.J., B.M.P., S.R.H., N.S.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Andrew Hoofnagle
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (A.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Department of Biostatistics (B.M.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology (A.M.F., B.M.P., S.R.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Irena B King
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque (I.B.K.)
| | | | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine (R.N.L., P.N.J., B.M.P., S.R.H., N.S.), University of Washington, Seattle.,Department of Epidemiology (A.M.F., B.M.P., S.R.H.), University of Washington, Seattle.,Department of Health Services (B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle.,Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.)
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine (R.N.L., P.N.J., B.M.P., S.R.H., N.S.), University of Washington, Seattle.,Department of Epidemiology (A.M.F., B.M.P., S.R.H.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA (D.M.)
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine (R.N.L., P.N.J., B.M.P., S.R.H., N.S.), University of Washington, Seattle
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20
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Lankinen M, Uusitupa M, Schwab U. Genes and Dietary Fatty Acids in Regulation of Fatty Acid Composition of Plasma and Erythrocyte Membranes. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111785. [PMID: 30453550 PMCID: PMC6265745 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The fatty acid compositions of plasma lipids and cell membranes of certain tissues are modified by dietary fatty acid composition. Furthermore, many other factors (age, sex, ethnicity, health status, genes, and gene × diet interactions) affect the fatty acid composition of cell membranes or plasma lipid compartments. Therefore, it is of great importance to understand the complexity of mechanisms that may modify fatty acid compositions of plasma or tissues. We carried out an extensive literature survey of gene × diet interaction in the regulation of fatty acid compositions. Most of the related studies have been observational studies, but there are also a few intervention trials that tend to confirm that true interactions exist. Most of the studies deal with the desaturase enzyme cluster (FADS1, FADS2) in chromosome 11 and elongase enzymes. We expect that new genetic variants are being found that are linked with the genetic regulation of plasma or tissue fatty acid composition. This information is of great help to understanding the contribution of dietary fatty acids and their endogenic metabolism to the development of some chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lankinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
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Udler MS, Kim J, von Grotthuss M, Bonàs-Guarch S, Cole JB, Chiou J, Boehnke M, Laakso M, Atzmon G, Glaser B, Mercader JM, Gaulton K, Flannick J, Getz G, Florez JC. Type 2 diabetes genetic loci informed by multi-trait associations point to disease mechanisms and subtypes: A soft clustering analysis. PLoS Med 2018; 15:e1002654. [PMID: 30240442 PMCID: PMC6150463 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogeneous disease for which (1) disease-causing pathways are incompletely understood and (2) subclassification may improve patient management. Unlike other biomarkers, germline genetic markers do not change with disease progression or treatment. In this paper, we test whether a germline genetic approach informed by physiology can be used to deconstruct T2D heterogeneity. First, we aimed to categorize genetic loci into groups representing likely disease mechanistic pathways. Second, we asked whether the novel clusters of genetic loci we identified have any broad clinical consequence, as assessed in four separate subsets of individuals with T2D. METHODS AND FINDINGS In an effort to identify mechanistic pathways driven by established T2D genetic loci, we applied Bayesian nonnegative matrix factorization (bNMF) clustering to genome-wide association study (GWAS) results for 94 independent T2D genetic variants and 47 diabetes-related traits. We identified five robust clusters of T2D loci and traits, each with distinct tissue-specific enhancer enrichment based on analysis of epigenomic data from 28 cell types. Two clusters contained variant-trait associations indicative of reduced beta cell function, differing from each other by high versus low proinsulin levels. The three other clusters displayed features of insulin resistance: obesity mediated (high body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC]), "lipodystrophy-like" fat distribution (low BMI, adiponectin, and high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, and high triglycerides), and disrupted liver lipid metabolism (low triglycerides). Increased cluster genetic risk scores were associated with distinct clinical outcomes, including increased blood pressure, coronary artery disease (CAD), and stroke. We evaluated the potential for clinical impact of these clusters in four studies containing individuals with T2D (Metabolic Syndrome in Men Study [METSIM], N = 487; Ashkenazi, N = 509; Partners Biobank, N = 2,065; UK Biobank [UKBB], N = 14,813). Individuals with T2D in the top genetic risk score decile for each cluster reproducibly exhibited the predicted cluster-associated phenotypes, with approximately 30% of all individuals assigned to just one cluster top decile. Limitations of this study include that the genetic variants used in the cluster analysis were restricted to those associated with T2D in populations of European ancestry. CONCLUSION Our approach identifies salient T2D genetically anchored and physiologically informed pathways, and supports the use of genetics to deconstruct T2D heterogeneity. Classification of patients by these genetic pathways may offer a step toward genetically informed T2D patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam S. Udler
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jaegil Kim
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Marcin von Grotthuss
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sílvia Bonàs-Guarch
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Research Program in Computational Biology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joanne B. Cole
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joshua Chiou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | | | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Gil Atzmon
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Medicine; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Glaser
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Josep M. Mercader
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Research Program in Computational Biology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kyle Gaulton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Jason Flannick
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gad Getz
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jose C. Florez
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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22
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de Oliveira Otto MC, Lemaitre RN, Sun Q, King IB, Wu JHY, Manichaikul A, Rich SS, Tsai MY, Chen YD, Fornage M, Weihua G, Aslibekyan S, Irvin MR, Kabagambe EK, Arnett DK, Jensen MK, McKnight B, Psaty BM, Steffen LM, Smith CE, Risérus U, Lind L, Hu FB, Rimm EB, Siscovick DS, Mozaffarian D. Genome-wide association meta-analysis of circulating odd-numbered chain saturated fatty acids: Results from the CHARGE Consortium. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196951. [PMID: 29738550 PMCID: PMC5940220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Odd-numbered chain saturated fatty acids (OCSFA) have been associated with potential health benefits. Although some OCSFA (e.g., C15:0 and C17:0) are found in meats and dairy products, sources and metabolism of C19:0 and C23:0 are relatively unknown, and the influence of non-dietary determinants, including genetic factors, on circulating levels of OCSFA is not established. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the biological processes that influence circulating levels of OCSFA by investigating associations between genetic variation and OCSFA. DESIGN We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of plasma phospholipid/erythrocyte levels of C15:0, C17:0, C19:0, and C23:0 among 11,494 individuals of European descent. We also investigated relationships between specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the lactase (LCT) gene, associated with adult-onset lactase intolerance, with circulating levels of dairy-derived OCSFA, and evaluated associations of candidate sphingolipid genes with C23:0 levels. RESULTS We found no genome-wide significant evidence that common genetic variation is associated with circulating levels of C15:0 or C23:0. In two cohorts with available data, we identified one intronic SNP (rs13361131) in myosin X gene (MYO10) associated with C17:0 level (P = 1.37×10-8), and two intronic SNP (rs12874278 and rs17363566) in deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 1 (DLEU1) region associated with C19:0 level (P = 7.07×10-9). In contrast, when using a candidate-gene approach, we found evidence that three SNPs in LCT (rs11884924, rs16832067, and rs3816088) are associated with circulating C17:0 level (adjusted P = 4×10-2). In addition, nine SNPs in the ceramide synthase 4 (CERS4) region were associated with circulating C23:0 levels (adjusted P<5×10-2). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that circulating levels of OCSFA may be predominantly influenced by non-genetic factors. SNPs associated with C17:0 level in the LCT gene may reflect genetic influence in dairy consumption or in metabolism of dairy foods. SNPs associated with C23:0 may reflect a role of genetic factors in the synthesis of sphingomyelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia C. de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, the University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Rozenn N. Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Channing Division of Network Medicine, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Irena B. King
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Jason H. Y. Wu
- The George Institute for Global Health and the Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Stephen S. Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Michael Y. Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Y. D. Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor, UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, the University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Guan Weihua
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Stella Aslibekyan
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Marguerite R. Irvin
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Edmond K. Kabagambe
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Donna K. Arnett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Majken K. Jensen
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston MA, United States of America
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Lyn M. Steffen
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Caren E. Smith
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Channing Division of Network Medicine, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Eric B. Rimm
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Channing Division of Network Medicine, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - David S. Siscovick
- The New York Academy of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States of America
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23
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Huang Z, Huang X, Wang Q, Jiang R, Sun G, Xu Y, Wu Q. Extract of Euryale ferox Salisb
exerts antidepressant effects and regulates autophagy through the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase-UNC-51-like kinase 1 pathway. IUBMB Life 2018; 70:300-309. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; Nanjing China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; Nanjing China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; Nanjing China
| | - Ruizhi Jiang
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; Nanjing China
| | - Guangda Sun
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; Nanjing China
| | - Yiming Xu
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; Nanjing China
| | - Qinan Wu
- School of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; Nanjing China
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24
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Olszowski T, Gutowska I, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Łukomska A, Drozd A, Chlubek D. Cadmium Alters the Concentration of Fatty Acids in THP-1 Macrophages. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 182:29-36. [PMID: 28600650 PMCID: PMC5808062 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1071-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid composition of human immune cells influences their function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of known toxicant and immunomodulator, cadmium, at low concentrations on levels of selected fatty acids (FAs) in THP-1 macrophages. The differentiation of THP-1 monocytes into macrophages was achieved by administration of phorbol myristate acetate. Macrophages were incubated with various cadmium chloride (CdCl2) solutions for 48 h at final concentrations of 5 nM, 20 nM, 200 nM, and 2 μM CdCl2. Fatty acids were extracted from samples according to the Folch method. The fatty acid levels were determined using gas chromatography. The following fatty acids were analyzed: long-chain saturated fatty acids (SFAs) palmitic acid and stearic acid, very long-chain saturated fatty acid (VLSFA) arachidic acid, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) palmitoleic acid, oleic acid and vaccenic acid, and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) linoleic acid and arachidonic acid. Treatment of macrophages with very low concentrations of cadmium (5-200 nM) resulted in significant reduction in the levels of arachidic, palmitoleic, oleic, vaccenic, and linoleic acids and significant increase in arachidonic acid levels (following exposure to 5 nM Cd), without significant reduction of palmitic and stearic acid levels. Treatment of macrophages with the highest tested cadmium concentration (2 μM) produced significant reduction in the levels of all examined FAs: SFAs, VLSFA, MUFAs, and PUFAs. In conclusion, cadmium at tested concentrations caused significant alterations in THP-1 macrophage fatty acid levels, disrupting their composition, which might dysregulate fatty acid/lipid metabolism thus affecting macrophage behavior and inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Olszowski
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Str, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24 Str, 71-460, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Str, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Łukomska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24 Str, 71-460, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Arleta Drozd
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24 Str, 71-460, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Str, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
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25
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Jezernik G, Potočnik U. Comprehensive genetic study of fatty acids helps explain the role of noncoding inflammatory bowel disease associated SNPs and fatty acid metabolism in disease pathogenesis. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 130:1-10. [PMID: 29549916 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids and their derivatives play an important role in inflammation. Diet and genetics influence fatty acid profiles. Abnormalities of fatty acid profiles have been observed in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), a group of complex diseases defined by chronic gastrointestinal inflammation. IBD associated fatty acid profile abnormalities were observed independently of nutritional status or disease activity, suggesting a common genetic background. However, no study so far has attempted to look for overlap between IBD loci and fatty acid associated loci or investigate the genetics of fatty acid profiles in IBD. To this end, we conducted a comprehensive genetic study of fatty acid profiles in IBD using iCHIP, a custom microarray platform designed for deep sequencing of immune-mediated disease associated loci. This study identifies 10 loci associated with fatty acid profiles in IBD. The most significant associations were a locus near CBS (p = 7.62 × 10-8) and a locus in LRRK2 (p = 1.4 × 10-7). Of note, this study replicates the FADS gene cluster locus, previously associated with both fatty acid profiles and IBD pathogenesis. Furthermore, we identify 18 carbon chain trans-fatty acids (p = 1.12 × 10-3), total trans-fatty acids (p = 4.49 × 10-3), palmitic acid (p = 5.85 × 10-3) and arachidonic acid (p = 8.58 × 10-3) as significantly associated with IBD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Jezernik
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Uroš Potočnik
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
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26
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May-Wilson S, Sud A, Law PJ, Palin K, Tuupanen S, Gylfe A, Hänninen UA, Cajuso T, Tanskanen T, Kondelin J, Kaasinen E, Sarin AP, Eriksson JG, Rissanen H, Knekt P, Pukkala E, Jousilahti P, Salomaa V, Ripatti S, Palotie A, Renkonen-Sinisalo L, Lepistö A, Böhm J, Mecklin JP, Al-Tassan NA, Palles C, Farrington SM, Timofeeva MN, Meyer BF, Wakil SM, Campbell H, Smith CG, Idziaszczyk S, Maughan TS, Fisher D, Kerr R, Kerr D, Passarelli MN, Figueiredo JC, Buchanan DD, Win AK, Hopper JL, Jenkins MA, Lindor NM, Newcomb PA, Gallinger S, Conti D, Schumacher F, Casey G, Aaltonen LA, Cheadle JP, Tomlinson IP, Dunlop MG, Houlston RS. Pro-inflammatory fatty acid profile and colorectal cancer risk: A Mendelian randomisation analysis. Eur J Cancer 2017; 84:228-238. [PMID: 28829991 PMCID: PMC5630201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2017.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While dietary fat has been established as a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), associations between fatty acids (FAs) and CRC have been inconsistent. Using Mendelian randomisation (MR), we sought to evaluate associations between polyunsaturated (PUFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and saturated FAs (SFAs) and CRC risk. METHODS We analysed genotype data on 9254 CRC cases and 18,386 controls of European ancestry. Externally weighted polygenic risk scores were generated and used to evaluate associations with CRC per one standard deviation increase in genetically defined plasma FA levels. RESULTS Risk reduction was observed for oleic and palmitoleic MUFAs (OROA = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65-0.92, P = 3.9 × 10-3; ORPOA = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.15-0.84, P = 0.018). PUFAs linoleic and arachidonic acid had negative and positive associations with CRC respectively (ORLA = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93-0.98, P = 3.7 × 10-4; ORAA = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02-1.07, P = 1.7 × 10-4). The SFA stearic acid was associated with increased CRC risk (ORSA = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01-1.35, P = 0.041). CONCLUSION Results from our analysis are broadly consistent with a pro-inflammatory FA profile having a detrimental effect in terms of CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian May-Wilson
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Amit Sud
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Philip J Law
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Kimmo Palin
- Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland; Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Sari Tuupanen
- Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland; Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Alexandra Gylfe
- Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland; Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Ulrika A Hänninen
- Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland; Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Tatiana Cajuso
- Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland; Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Tomas Tanskanen
- Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland; Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Johanna Kondelin
- Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland; Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Eevi Kaasinen
- Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland; Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Antti-Pekka Sarin
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, 00271, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, 00250, Finland; Unit of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Harri Rissanen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, 00271, Finland
| | - Paul Knekt
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, 00271, Finland
| | - Eero Pukkala
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Helsinki, 00130, Finland; School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, 00271, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, 00271, Finland
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Laura Renkonen-Sinisalo
- Abdominal Center, Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, 00029, Finland
| | - Anna Lepistö
- Abdominal Center, Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, 00029, Finland
| | - Jan Böhm
- Department of Pathology, Central Finland Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, 40620, Finland
| | - Jukka-Pekka Mecklin
- Department of Surgery, Jyväskylä Central Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, Jyväskylä, 40620, Finland
| | - Nada A Al-Tassan
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 12713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Claire Palles
- Molecular & Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Susan M Farrington
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, University of Edinburgh and MRC Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Maria N Timofeeva
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, University of Edinburgh and MRC Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Brian F Meyer
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 12713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma M Wakil
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 12713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Christopher G Smith
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Shelley Idziaszczyk
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Timothy S Maughan
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - David Fisher
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Aviation House, London, WC2B 6NH, UK
| | - Rachel Kerr
- Oxford Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK
| | - David Kerr
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Michael N Passarelli
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Jane C Figueiredo
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Aung K Win
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Mark A Jenkins
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Noralane M Lindor
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - David Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Fred Schumacher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Graham Casey
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Lauri A Aaltonen
- Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland; Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Jeremy P Cheadle
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Ian P Tomlinson
- Molecular & Population Genetics Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Malcolm G Dunlop
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, University of Edinburgh and MRC Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK.
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27
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Song X, Huang Y, Neuhouser ML, Tinker LF, Vitolins MZ, Prentice RL, Lampe JW. Dietary long-chain fatty acids and carbohydrate biomarker evaluation in a controlled feeding study in participants from the Women's Health Initiative cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 105:1272-1282. [PMID: 28446501 PMCID: PMC5445682 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.117.153072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Biomarkers of macronutrient intake are lacking. Controlled human feeding studies that preserve the normal variation in nutrient and food consumption are necessary for the development and validation of robust nutritional biomarkers.Objective: We aimed to assess the utility of serum phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) as biomarkers of dietary intakes of fatty acids, total fat, and carbohydrate.Design: We used an individualized controlled feeding study in which 153 postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) were provided with a 2-wk controlled diet that mimicked each individual's habitual food intake. A total of 41 PLFAs were measured with the use of gas chromatography in end-of-feeding-period fasting serum samples and expressed in both relative and absolute concentrations. R2 values (percentages of variation explained) from linear regressions of (ln-transformed) consumed fatty acids (individual, groups, and broad categories) on (ln-transformed) corresponding measures of serum PLFAs alone and together with selected participant-related variables (age, race/ethnicity, body mass index, season of study participation, education level, and estimated energy intake from doubly labeled water) were used for evaluation against established urinary recovery biomarkers of energy and protein intake as benchmarks. Models to predict intakes of other nutrients were also explored.Results: Intakes of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid achieved the benchmark of R2 > 36% with or without covariates. When all 41 serum PLFAs and participant-related covariates were initially included in the model for selection, cross-validated R2 achieved >36% for consumed total carbohydrate (grams per day), total saturated fatty acids (SFAs), percentage of energy from SFAs, and total trans fatty acids with serum PLFAs in both relative and absolute concentrations.Conclusions: Serum PLFA biomarkers perform similarly to established energy and protein urinary recovery biomarkers in describing intake variations for several nutrients and, thus, appear suitable for application in this population of postmenopausal women. This approach represents an important methodologic contribution toward the utilization of nutritional biomarkers to assess macronutrient intake. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00000611.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Song
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA;
| | - Ying Huang
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA;,School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; and
| | - Lesley F Tinker
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Mara Z Vitolins
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Ross L Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA;,School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; and
| | - Johanna W Lampe
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA;,School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; and
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28
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Zhu J, Manichaikul A, Hu Y, Chen YDI, Liang S, Steffen LM, Rich SS, Tsai M, Siscovick DS, Lemaitre RN, Li H, Lin X. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies three novel loci for saturated fatty acids in East Asians. Eur J Nutr 2017; 56:1477-1484. [PMID: 26932504 PMCID: PMC5374030 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to characterize common genetic variants that influence saturated fatty acid concentrations in East Asians. METHODS Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for circulating SFAs was conducted in two population-based cohorts comprising 3521 participants of Chinese ancestry. RESULTS We identified two novel 14:0-associated loci at LMX1A (LIM homeobox transcription factor 1) and AMPD3 (AMP deaminase 3) (P = 5.08 × 10-9 and P = 4.33 × 10-8, respectively), and a novel 20:0-associated locus at CERS4 (ceramide synthase 4) (P = 1.76 × 10-10). We also confirmed the previously reported association of FADS1/2-rs102275 with 18:0 (P = 1.12 × 10-5). In addition, the A alleles of rs11042834 in AMPD3 and rs17159388 in CERS4 also exhibited evidence of associations with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.0162 and P = 0.0161, respectively). CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first GWAS analysis to examine SFA concentrations in East Asian populations. Our findings provide novel evidence that genetic variations of several genes from multiple pathways are associated with SFA concentrations in human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Yao Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Michael Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - David S Siscovick
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Huaixing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Ruffieux H, Davison AC, Hager J, Irincheeva I. Efficient inference for genetic association studies with multiple outcomes. Biostatistics 2017; 18:618-636. [DOI: 10.1093/biostatistics/kxx007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY
Combined inference for heterogeneous high-dimensional data is critical in modern biology, where clinical and various kinds of molecular data may be available from a single study. Classical genetic association studies regress a single clinical outcome on many genetic variants one by one, but there is an increasing demand for joint analysis of many molecular outcomes and genetic variants in order to unravel functional interactions. Unfortunately, most existing approaches to joint modeling are either too simplistic to be powerful or are impracticable for computational reasons. Inspired by Richardson and others (2010, Bayesian Statistics 9), we consider a sparse multivariate regression model that allows simultaneous selection of predictors and associated responses. As Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) inference on such models can be prohibitively slow when the number of genetic variants exceeds a few thousand, we propose a variational inference approach which produces posterior information very close to that of MCMC inference, at a much reduced computational cost. Extensive numerical experiments show that our approach outperforms popular variable selection methods and tailored Bayesian procedures, dealing within hours with problems involving hundreds of thousands of genetic variants and tens to hundreds of clinical or molecular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Ruffieux
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB MATH STAT, Station 8, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anthony C. Davison
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB MATH STAT, Station 8, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jorg Hager
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Irina Irincheeva
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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30
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Zhang QH, Yin RX, Gao H, Huang F, Wu JZ, Pan SL, Lin WX, Yang DZ. Association of the SPTLC3 rs364585 polymorphism and serum lipid profiles in two Chinese ethnic groups. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:1. [PMID: 28056980 PMCID: PMC5217591 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0392-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the association of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of rs364585 near serine palmitoyl-transferase long-chain base subunit 3 gene (SPTLC3) and serum lipid profiles. The present study was detected the association of the SPTLC3 rs364585 SNP and several environmental factors with serum lipid profiles in the Han and Jing populations. METHODS Genotyping of the SPTLC3 rs364585 SNP was performed in 824 unrelated individuals of Han and 783 participants of Jing by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism combined with gel electrophoresis, and then confirmed by direct sequencing. RESULTS There was no significant difference in either genotypic or allelic frequencies between Han and Jing, or between males and females of the both ethnic groups. The levels of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and the ratio of apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 to ApoB in Han; and total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL-C in Jing were different between the A allele carriers and the A allele non-carriers (P < 0.05-0.001). Subgroup analysis according to sex showed that the levels of LDL-C in Han males; TC and LDL-C in Jing males; and HDL-C and LDL-C in Jing females were different between the A allele carriers and the A allele non-carriers (P < 0.05-0.001), the A allele carriers had higher LDL-C and TC levels, and lower HDL-C levels than the A allele non-carriers. Serum lipid traits were also associated with several environmental factors in the Han and Jing populations, or in males and females of the both ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates the association between the SPTLC3 rs364585 SNP and serum TC, HDL-C and LDL-C levels in our study populations. These associations might have ethnic- and/or sex-specificity. TRIAL REGISTRATION Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Xing Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Zhen Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang-Ling Pan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Premedical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Xiong Lin
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Zhai Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
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31
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Andersen MK, Jørsboe E, Sandholt CH, Grarup N, Jørgensen ME, Færgeman NJ, Bjerregaard P, Pedersen O, Moltke I, Hansen T, Albrechtsen A. Identification of Novel Genetic Determinants of Erythrocyte Membrane Fatty Acid Composition among Greenlanders. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006119. [PMID: 27341449 PMCID: PMC4920407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are involved in cellular processes important for normal body function, and perturbation of FA balance has been linked to metabolic disturbances, including type 2 diabetes. An individual’s level of FAs is affected by diet, lifestyle, and genetic variation. We aimed to improve the understanding of the mechanisms and pathways involved in regulation of FA tissue levels, by identifying genetic loci associated with inter-individual differences in erythrocyte membrane FA levels. We assessed the levels of 22 FAs in the phospholipid fraction of erythrocyte membranes from 2,626 Greenlanders in relation to single nucleotide polymorphisms genotyped on the MetaboChip or imputed. We identified six independent association signals. Novel loci were identified on chromosomes 5 and 11 showing strongest association with oleic acid (rs76430747 in ACSL6, beta (SE): -0.386% (0.034), p = 1.8x10-28) and docosahexaenoic acid (rs6035106 in DTD1, 0.137% (0.025), p = 6.4x10-8), respectively. For a missense variant (rs80356779) in CPT1A, we identified a number of novel FA associations, the strongest with 11-eicosenoic acid (0.473% (0.035), p = 2.6x10-38), and for variants in FADS2 (rs174570), LPCAT3 (rs2110073), and CERS4 (rs11881630) we replicated known FA associations. Moreover, we observed metabolic implications of the ACSL6 (rs76430747) and CPT1A (rs80356779) variants, which both were associated with altered HbA1c (0.051% (0.013), p = 5.6x10-6 and -0.034% (0.016), p = 3.1x10-4, respectively). The latter variant was also associated with reduced insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, -0.193 (0.050), p = 3.8x10-6), as well as measures of smaller body size, including weight (-2.676 kg (0.523), p = 2.4x10-7), lean mass (-1.200 kg (0.271), p = 1.7x10-6), height (-0.966 cm (0.230), p = 2.0x10-5), and BMI (-0.638 kg/m2 (0.181), p = 2.8x10-4). In conclusion, we have identified novel genetic determinants of FA composition in phospholipids in erythrocyte membranes, and have shown examples of links between genetic variants associated with altered FA membrane levels and changes in metabolic traits. Disruption of fatty-acid balance has in several previous studies been linked to human health conditions, including the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and insulin resistance. Composition of fatty acids in lipid membranes is influenced, not only by diet and lifestyle, but also by genetic variation. By identifying genes linked to changes in the level of specific fatty acids, it may be possible to identify biological mechanisms and pathways central to regulation of fatty-acid composition in lipid membranes. We therefore aimed at finding such genes by studying Greenlanders. We identified six genomic regions harboring variants, which were associated with the level of at least one of 22 assessed erythrocyte membrane fatty acids, including two novel regions not previously linked to fatty acid levels. Moreover, we showed that two of the identified variants were associated with altered levels of glycosylated hemoglobin, and one of these variants was associated with reduced insulin resistance and decreased measures of body size. These results contribute to our understanding of fatty acid metabolism, and support a link between fatty acid balance and metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Korre Andersen
- Section for Metabolic Genetics, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil Jørsboe
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Helene Sandholt
- Section for Metabolic Genetics, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Grarup
- Section for Metabolic Genetics, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Nils Joakim Færgeman
- Villum Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter Bjerregaard
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Greenland Centre for Health Research, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Section for Metabolic Genetics, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida Moltke
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail: (IM); (TH); (AA)
| | - Torben Hansen
- Section for Metabolic Genetics, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- * E-mail: (IM); (TH); (AA)
| | - Anders Albrechtsen
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail: (IM); (TH); (AA)
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32
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Lauritzen L, Hellgren LI. Plasma phospholipid very-long-chain saturated fatty acids: a sensitive marker of metabolic dysfunction or an indicator of specific healthy dietary components? Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 101:901-2. [PMID: 25832338 PMCID: PMC4409696 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.110569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Lauritzen
- From the Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark (LL), and the Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (LIH)
| | - Lars I Hellgren
- From the Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark (LL), and the Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark (LIH)
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