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Wang M, Tang WHW, Li XS, de Oliveira Otto MC, Lee Y, Lemaitre RN, Fretts A, Nemet I, Sotoodehnia N, Sitlani CM, Budoff M, DiDonato JA, Wang Z, Bansal N, Shlipak MG, Psaty BM, Siscovick DS, Sarnak MJ, Mozaffarian D, Hazen SL. The Gut Microbial Metabolite Trimethylamine N-oxide, Incident CKD, and Kidney Function Decline. J Am Soc Nephrol 2024:00001751-990000000-00282. [PMID: 38593157 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut microbiota-derived metabolite of dietary phosphatidylcholine and carnitine. Experimentally, TMAO causes kidney injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Little is known about prospective associations between TMAO and kidney outcomes, especially incident CKD. We hypothesized that higher plasma TMAO levels would be associated with higher risk of incident CKD and greater rate of kidney function decline. METHODS We included 10,564 participants from two community-based, prospective cohorts with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73m2 to assess incident CKD. TMAO was measured using targeted mass spectrometry at baseline and one follow-up visit. Creatinine and Cystatin C were measured up to 4 times during follow-up and used to compute eGFR. Incident CKD was defined as an eGFR decline ≥ 30% from baseline and a resulting eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Time-varying Cox models assessed the association of serial TMAO measures with incident CKD, adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, diet, and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Linear mixed models assessed the association with annualized eGFR change in 10,009 participants with at least one follow-up eGFR measure without exclusions for baseline eGFR levels. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 9.4 years (interquartile range: 9.1-11.6 years), 979 incident CKD events occurred. Higher TMAO levels associated with higher risk of incident CKD (2nd to 5th vs. 1st quintile HR[95%CI]= 1.65 [1.22-2.23], 1.68 [1.26-2.25], 2.28 [1.72-3.02], and 2.24[1.68-2.98], respectively) and greater annualized eGFR decline ( 2nd to 5th vs. 1st quintile annualized eGFR change= -0.21 [-0.32, -0.09], -0.17 [-0.29, -0.05], -0.35 [-0.47, -0.22], and -0.43[-0.56, -0.30], respectively) with monotonic dose-response relationships. These associations were consistent across different racial/ethnic groups examined. The association with eGFR decline was similar to or larger than that seen for established CKD risk factors including diabetes, per 10 mmHg of higher systolic blood pressure, per 10 years of older age, and Black race. CONCLUSIONS In community-based US adults, higher serial measures of plasma TMAO were associated with higher risk of incident CKD and greater annualized kidney function decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - W H Wilson Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Xinmin S Li
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Marcia C de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston, TX
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Amanda Fretts
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Ina Nemet
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Matthew Budoff
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Joseph A DiDonato
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Zeneng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Nisha Bansal
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Michael G Shlipak
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative and Department of Medicine, San Francisco Veterans Administration Medical Center and University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Mark J Sarnak
- Department of Medicine (Nephrology), Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston MA
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
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2
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Guirette M, Lan J, McKeown NM, Brown MR, Chen H, de Vries PS, Kim H, Rebholz CM, Morrison AC, Bartz TM, Fretts AM, Guo X, Lemaitre RN, Liu CT, Noordam R, de Mutsert R, Rosendaal FR, Wang CA, Beilin LJ, Mori TA, Oddy WH, Pennell CE, Chai JF, Whitton C, van Dam RM, Liu J, Tai ES, Sim X, Neuhouser ML, Kooperberg C, Tinker LF, Franceschini N, Huan T, Winkler TW, Bentley AR, Gauderman WJ, Heerkens L, Tanaka T, van Rooij J, Munroe PB, Warren HR, Voortman T, Chen H, Rao DC, Levy D, Ma J. Genome-Wide Interaction Analysis With DASH Diet Score Identified Novel Loci for Systolic Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2024; 81:552-560. [PMID: 38226488 PMCID: PMC10922535 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.22334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet score lowers blood pressure (BP). We examined interactions between genotype and the DASH diet score in relation to systolic BP. METHODS We analyzed up to 9 420 585 single nucleotide polymorphisms in up to 127 282 individuals of 6 population groups (91% of European population) from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium (n=35 660) and UK Biobank (n=91 622) and performed European population-specific and cross-population meta-analyses. RESULTS We identified 3 loci in European-specific analyses and an additional 4 loci in cross-population analyses at Pinteraction<5e-8. We observed a consistent interaction between rs117878928 at 15q25.1 (minor allele frequency, 0.03) and the DASH diet score (Pinteraction=4e-8; P for heterogeneity, 0.35) in European population, where the interaction effect size was 0.42±0.09 mm Hg (Pinteraction=9.4e-7) and 0.20±0.06 mm Hg (Pinteraction=0.001) in Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology and the UK Biobank, respectively. The 1 Mb region surrounding rs117878928 was enriched with cis-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) variants (P=4e-273) and cis-DNA methylation quantitative trait loci variants (P=1e-300). Although the closest gene for rs117878928 is MTHFS, the highest narrow sense heritability accounted by single nucleotide polymorphisms potentially interacting with the DASH diet score in this locus was for gene ST20 at 15q25.1. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated gene-DASH diet score interaction effects on systolic BP in several loci. Studies with larger diverse populations are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Guirette
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA (M.G., J.L., J.M.)
| | - Jessie Lan
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA (M.G., J.L., J.M.)
| | - Nicola M McKeown
- Programs of Nutrition, Department of Health Sciences, Sargent College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, MA (N.M.M.)
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.R.B., H.C., P.S.d.V., A.C.M.)
| | - Han Chen
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.R.B., H.C., P.S.d.V., A.C.M.)
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.R.B., H.C., P.S.d.V., A.C.M.)
| | - Hyunju Kim
- Department of Epidemiology (H.K., A.M.F.), Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (C.M.R.)
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.R.B., H.C., P.S.d.V., A.C.M.)
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Departments of Biostatistics and Medicine (T.M.B.), Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology (H.K., A.M.F.), Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles, Torrance, CA (X.G.)
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Department of Medicine (R.N.L.), Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (C.-T.L.)
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics (R.N.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology (R.d.M., F.R.R.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology (R.d.M., F.R.R.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia (C.A.W., C.E.P)
- Mothers' and Babies' Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, NSW, Australia (C.A.W., C.E.P.)
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley (L.J.B., T.A.M.)
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley (L.J.B., T.A.M.)
| | - Wendy H Oddy
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia (W.H.O.)
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia (C.A.W., C.E.P)
- Mothers' and Babies' Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, NSW, Australia (C.A.W., C.E.P.)
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System (J.F.C., C.W., R.M.v.D., E.S.T., X.S.)
| | - Clare Whitton
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System (J.F.C., C.W., R.M.v.D., E.S.T., X.S.)
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia (C.W.)
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System (J.F.C., C.W., R.M.v.D., E.S.T., X.S.)
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University (R.M.v.D.)
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (J.L.)
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System (J.F.C., C.W., R.M.v.D., E.S.T., X.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore (E.S.T.)
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System (J.F.C., C.W., R.M.v.D., E.S.T., X.S.)
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA (M.L.N., C.K., L.F.T.)
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA (M.L.N., C.K., L.F.T.)
| | - Lesley F Tinker
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA (M.L.N., C.K., L.F.T.)
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (N.F.)
| | - TianXiao Huan
- Framingham Heart Study and Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, MA (T.H., D.L.)
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Germany (T.W.W.)
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (A.R.B.)
| | - W James Gauderman
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California (W.J.G.)
| | - Luc Heerkens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands (L.H.)
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Longitudinal Studies Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD (T.T.)
| | - Jeroen van Rooij
- Department of Internal Medicine (J.v.R.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology & Precision Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (P.B.M., H.R.W.)
| | - Helen R Warren
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology & Precision Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (P.B.M., H.R.W.)
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology (T.V.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Honglei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing (H.C.)
| | - D C Rao
- Center for Biostatistics and Data Science, Institute for Informatics, Data Science, and Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (D.C.R.)
| | - Daniel Levy
- Framingham Heart Study and Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, MA (T.H., D.L.)
| | - Jiantao Ma
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA (M.G., J.L., J.M.)
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Bae JC, Wander PL, Lemaitre RN, Fretts AM, Sitlani CM, Bui HH, Thomas MK, Leonetti D, Fujimoto WY, Boyko EJ, Utzschneider KM. Associations of plasma sphingolipids with measures of insulin sensitivity, β-cell function, and incident diabetes in Japanese Americans. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:633-641. [PMID: 38161124 PMCID: PMC10922320 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To prospectively investigate associations of plasma sphingolipids with insulin sensitivity, β-cell function, and incident diabetes in the Japanese American Community Diabetes Study. METHODS AND RESULTS Baseline plasma samples from adults without diabetes (n = 349; mean age 56.7 years, 51 % men) were assayed for circulating ceramide and sphingomyelin species. Adjusted regression models examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations with insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-%S), β-cell function (oral disposition index: DIo) and with incident diabetes over 5 years follow-up. Concentrations of four species (Ceramide C16:0, C18:0, C20:0, and C22:0) were inversely associated with HOMA2-%S at baseline (all P values < 0.05, Q values < 0.05) and change in HOMA2-%S over 5 years (all P values < 0.05, Q values < 0.05). No sphingolipids were associated with baseline or change in DIo. Of the four species associated with HOMA2-%S, only Ceramide C18:0 was significantly and positively associated with incident diabetes (RR/1SD 1.44, 95 % CI 1.10-1.80, P = 0.006, Q = 0.024). The association of plasma Ceramide C18:0 with the risk of diabetes was partially mediated by change in HOMA2-%S between baseline and 5 years (mediation proportion: 61.5 %, 95 % CI 21.1%-212.5 %). CONCLUSION Plasma Ceramide C18:0 was associated with higher risk of incident diabetes which was partially mediated through a decrease in insulin sensitivity between baseline and five years. Circulating Ceramide C18:0 could be a potential biomarker for identifying those at risk of developing diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Cheol Bae
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Pandora L Wander
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Hai H Bui
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | - Donna Leonetti
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Wilfred Y Fujimoto
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Edward J Boyko
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kristina M Utzschneider
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
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4
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Xia L, Hantrakun V, Teparrukkul P, Wongsuvan G, Kaewarpai T, Dulsuk A, Day NPJ, Lemaitre RN, Chantratita N, Limmathurotsakul D, Shojaie A, Gharib SA, West TE. Plasma Metabolomics Reveals Distinct Biological and Diagnostic Signatures for Melioidosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209:288-298. [PMID: 37812796 PMCID: PMC10840774 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202207-1349oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The global burden of sepsis is greatest in low-resource settings. Melioidosis, infection with the gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a frequent cause of fatal sepsis in endemic tropical regions such as Southeast Asia. Objectives: To investigate whether plasma metabolomics would identify biological pathways specific to melioidosis and yield clinically meaningful biomarkers. Methods: Using a comprehensive approach, differential enrichment of plasma metabolites and pathways was systematically evaluated in individuals selected from a prospective cohort of patients hospitalized in rural Thailand with infection. Statistical and bioinformatics methods were used to distinguish metabolomic features and processes specific to patients with melioidosis and between fatal and nonfatal cases. Measurements and Main Results: Metabolomic profiling and pathway enrichment analysis of plasma samples from patients with melioidosis (n = 175) and nonmelioidosis infections (n = 75) revealed a distinct immuno-metabolic state among patients with melioidosis, as suggested by excessive tryptophan catabolism in the kynurenine pathway and significantly increased levels of sphingomyelins and ceramide species. We derived a 12-metabolite classifier to distinguish melioidosis from other infections, yielding an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.87 in a second validation set of patients. Melioidosis nonsurvivors (n = 94) had a significantly disturbed metabolome compared with survivors (n = 81), with increased leucine, isoleucine, and valine metabolism, and elevated circulating free fatty acids and acylcarnitines. A limited eight-metabolite panel showed promise as an early prognosticator of mortality in melioidosis. Conclusions: Melioidosis induces a distinct metabolomic state that can be examined to distinguish underlying pathophysiological mechanisms associated with death. A 12-metabolite signature accurately differentiates melioidosis from other infections and may have diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xia
- Department of Biostatistics
| | | | - Prapit Teparrukkul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand; and
| | | | | | - Adul Dulsuk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and
| | - Nicholas P. J. Day
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Narisara Chantratita
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and
| | - Direk Limmathurotsakul
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit
- Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Sina A. Gharib
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - T. Eoin West
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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5
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Laguzzi F, Åkesson A, Marklund M, Qian F, Gigante B, Bartz TM, Bassett JK, Birukov A, Campos H, Hirakawa Y, Imamura F, Jäger S, Lankinen M, Murphy RA, Senn M, Tanaka T, Tintle N, Virtanen JK, Yamagishi K, Allison M, Brouwer IA, De Faire U, Eiriksdottir G, Ferrucci L, Forouhi NG, Geleijnse JM, Hodge AM, Kimura H, Laakso M, Risérus U, van Westing AC, Bandinelli S, Baylin A, Giles GG, Gudnason V, Iso H, Lemaitre RN, Ninomiya T, Post WS, Psaty BM, Salonen JT, Schulze MB, Tsai MY, Uusitupa M, Wareham NJ, Oh SW, Wood AC, Harris WS, Siscovick D, Mozaffarian D, Leander K. Role of Polyunsaturated Fat in Modifying Cardiovascular Risk Associated With Family History of Cardiovascular Disease: Pooled De Novo Results From 15 Observational Studies. Circulation 2024; 149:305-316. [PMID: 38047387 PMCID: PMC10798593 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.065530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unknown whether dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) modifies the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk associated with a family history of CVD. We assessed interactions between biomarkers of low PUFA intake and a family history in relation to long-term CVD risk in a large consortium. METHODS Blood and tissue PUFA data from 40 885 CVD-free adults were assessed. PUFA levels ≤25th percentile were considered to reflect low intake of linoleic, alpha-linolenic, and eicosapentaenoic/docosahexaenoic acids (EPA/DHA). Family history was defined as having ≥1 first-degree relative who experienced a CVD event. Relative risks with 95% CI of CVD were estimated using Cox regression and meta-analyzed. Interactions were assessed by analyzing product terms and calculating relative excess risk due to interaction. RESULTS After multivariable adjustments, a significant interaction between low EPA/DHA and family history was observed (product term pooled RR, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.02-1.16]; P=0.01). The pooled relative risk of CVD associated with the combined exposure to low EPA/DHA, and family history was 1.41 (95% CI, 1.30-1.54), whereas it was 1.25 (95% CI, 1.16-1.33) for family history alone and 1.06 (95% CI, 0.98-1.14) for EPA/DHA alone, compared with those with neither exposure. The relative excess risk due to interaction results indicated no interactions. CONCLUSIONS A significant interaction between biomarkers of low EPA/DHA intake, but not the other PUFA, and a family history was observed. This novel finding might suggest a need to emphasize the benefit of consuming oily fish for individuals with a family history of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Laguzzi
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.L., A.A., U.D.F., K.L.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.L., A.A., U.D.F., K.L.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matti Marklund
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (M.M., W.S.P)
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (M.M.)
| | - Frank Qian
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, MA (F.Q.)
- Department of Nutrition (F.Q.), Boston, MA
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna (B.G.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Traci M. Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Biostatistics (T.M.B.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Medicine (T.M.B., R.N.L., B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Julie K. Bassett
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (J.K.B., A.M.H., G.G.G.)
| | - Anna Birukov
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal (A.K.B., S.J., M.B.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg (A.K.B., S.J., M.B.S.)
| | - Hannia Campos
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (H.C.), Boston, MA
| | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Departments of Epidemiology and Public Health and Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., T.N.)
| | - Fumiaki Imamura
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, UK (F.I., N.G.F., N.J.W.)
| | - Susanne Jäger
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal (A.K.B., S.J., M.B.S.)
| | - Maria Lankinen
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition (M. Lankinen, J.K.V., M.U.), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio
| | - Rachel A. Murphy
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada (R.A.M.)
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (R.A.M.)
| | - Mackenzie Senn
- United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (M.S., A.C.W.)
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany (M.B.S.)
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Longitudinal Study Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD (T.T., L.F.)
| | - Nathan Tintle
- Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD (N.T., W.S.H.)
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, University of Illinois – Chicago (N.T.)
| | - Jyrki K. Virtanen
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition (M. Lankinen, J.K.V., M.U.), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Institute of Medicine (K.Y., H.K.), University of Tsukuba, Japan
- Health Services Research and Development Center (K.Y., H.K.), University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Matthew Allison
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (M.A.)
| | - Ingeborg A. Brouwer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands (I.A.B.)
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, The Netherlands (I.A.B.)
| | - Ulf De Faire
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.L., A.A., U.D.F., K.L.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Study Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD (T.T., L.F.)
| | - Nita G. Forouhi
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, UK (F.I., N.G.F., N.J.W.)
| | - Johanna M. Geleijnse
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, The Netherlands (J.M.G., A.C.v.W.)
| | - Allison M Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (J.K.B., A.M.H., G.G.G.)
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.M.H., G.G.G.)
| | - Hitomi Kimura
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Institute of Medicine (K.Y., H.K.), University of Tsukuba, Japan
- Health Services Research and Development Center (K.Y., H.K.), University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Markku Laakso
- Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine (M. Laakso), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio
- Kuopio University Hospital (M. Laakso), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.M., U.R)
| | - Anniek C. van Westing
- United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (M.S., A.C.W.)
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, The Netherlands (J.M.G., A.C.v.W.)
| | - Stefania Bandinelli
- Geriatric Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy (S.B.)
| | - Ana Baylin
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor (A. Baylin)
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia (J.K.B., A.M.H., G.G.G.)
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.M.H., G.G.G.)
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Victoria, Australia (G.G.G.)
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur (G.E., V.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik (V.G.)
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan (H.I.)
- Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (H.I.)
| | | | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Departments of Epidemiology and Public Health and Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (Y.H., T.N.)
| | - Wendy S. Post
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (M.M., W.S.P)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (W.S.P.)
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Medicine (T.M.B., R.N.L., B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Epidemiology (B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle
- Health Systems and Population Health (B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Jukka T. Salonen
- Metabolic Analytical Services Oy, Helsinki, Finland (J.T.S.)
- University of Helsinki, the Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Finland (J.T.S.)
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal (A.K.B., S.J., M.B.S.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg (A.K.B., S.J., M.B.S.)
| | - Michael Y. Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (M.Y.T.)
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition (M. Lankinen, J.K.V., M.U.), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio
| | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, UK (F.I., N.G.F., N.J.W.)
| | - Seung-Won Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea (S.W.O.)
| | - Alexis C. Wood
- United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (M.S., A.C.W.)
| | - William S. Harris
- Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD (N.T., W.S.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls (W.S.H.)
| | | | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Food Is Medicine Institute, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA (D.M.)
| | - Karin Leander
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine (F.L., A.A., U.D.F., K.L.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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O’Keefe JH, Tintle NL, Harris WS, O’Keefe EL, Sala-Vila A, Attia J, Garg GM, Hure A, Bork CS, Schmidt EB, Venø SK, Chien KL, Chen YY(A, Egert S, Feldreich TR, Ärnlöv J, Lind L, Forouhi NG, Geleijnse JM, Pertiwi K, Imamura F, de Mello Laaksonen V, Uusitupa WM, Tuomilehto J, Laakso M, Lankinen MA, Laurin D, Carmichael PH, Lindsay J, Leander K, Laguzzi F, Swenson BR, Longstreth WT, Manson JE, Mora S, Cook NR, Marklund M, van Lent DM, Murphy R, Gudnason V, Ninomiya T, Hirakawa Y, Qian F, Sun Q, Hu F, Ardisson Korat AV, Risérus U, Lázaro I, Samieri C, Le Goff M, Helmer C, Steur M, Voortman T, Ikram MK, Tanaka T, Das JK, Ferrucci L, Bandinelli S, Tsai M, Guan W, Garg P, Verschuren WMM, Boer JMA, Biokstra A, Virtanen J, Wagner M, Westra J, Albuisson L, Yamagishi K, Siscovick DS, Lemaitre RN, Mozaffarian D. Omega-3 Blood Levels and Stroke Risk: A Pooled and Harmonized Analysis of 183 291 Participants From 29 Prospective Studies. Stroke 2024; 55:50-58. [PMID: 38134264 PMCID: PMC10840378 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.044281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of marine omega-3 PUFAs on risk of stroke remains unclear. METHODS We investigated the associations between circulating and tissue omega-3 PUFA levels and incident stroke (total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic) in 29 international prospective cohorts. Each site conducted a de novo individual-level analysis using a prespecified analytical protocol with defined exposures, covariates, analytical methods, and outcomes; the harmonized data from the studies were then centrally pooled. Multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% CIs across omega-3 PUFA quintiles were computed for each stroke outcome. RESULTS Among 183 291 study participants, there were 10 561 total strokes, 8220 ischemic strokes, and 1142 hemorrhagic strokes recorded over a median of 14.3 years follow-up. For eicosapentaenoic acid, comparing quintile 5 (Q5, highest) with quintile 1 (Q1, lowest), total stroke incidence was 17% lower (HR, 0.83 [CI, 0.76-0.91]; P<0.0001), and ischemic stroke was 18% lower (HR, 0.82 [CI, 0.74-0.91]; P<0.0001). For docosahexaenoic acid, comparing Q5 with Q1, there was a 12% lower incidence of total stroke (HR, 0.88 [CI, 0.81-0.96]; P=0.0001) and a 14% lower incidence of ischemic stroke (HR, 0.86 [CI, 0.78-0.95]; P=0.0001). Neither eicosapentaenoic acid nor docosahexaenoic acid was associated with a risk for hemorrhagic stroke. These associations were not modified by either baseline history of AF or prevalent CVD. CONCLUSIONS Higher omega-3 PUFA levels are associated with lower risks of total and ischemic stroke but have no association with hemorrhagic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H O’Keefe
- Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO
| | | | - William S Harris
- Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD
- University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD
| | - Evan L O’Keefe
- Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Attia
- The University of Newcastle, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Callaghan, Australia
| | - G Manohar Garg
- The University of Newcastle, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Alexis Hure
- The University of Newcastle, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Callaghan, Australia
| | | | - Erik Berg Schmidt
- Aalborg University Hospital, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Stine Krogh Venø
- Aalborg University Hospital, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Kuo-Liong Chien
- National Taiwan University, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yun-Yu (Amelia) Chen
- Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Department of Medical Research, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sarah Egert
- University of Bonn, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences and Nutritional Physiology, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Karolinska Institutet, Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences & Society, Solna, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Johanna M Geleijnse
- Wageningen University & Research, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Kamalita Pertiwi
- Wageningen University & Research, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Fumiaki Imamura
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vanessa de Mello Laaksonen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - W Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- University of Eastern Finland, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria Anneli Lankinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Danielle Laurin
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval and VITAM Research Centers, Centre d’Excellence sur le Vieillissement de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre-Hugues Carmichael
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval and VITAM Research Centers, Centre d’Excellence sur le Vieillissement de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Joan Lindsay
- University of Ottawa, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Karin Leander
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Federica Laguzzi
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brenton R Swenson
- University of Washington, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Seattle, WA
| | - William T Longstreth
- University of Washington, Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology, Seattle, WA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Samia Mora
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Nancy R Cook
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Matti Marklund
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Newtown, NSW Australia; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland: and Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Debora Melo van Lent
- University of Texas, Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX
| | - Rachel Murphy
- University of British Columbia, Cancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer, School of Population and Public Health, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Toshihara Ninomiya
- Kyushu University, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health and Center for Cohort Studies, Fukouka, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Kyushu University, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health and Center for Cohort Studies, Fukouka, Japan
| | - Frank Qian
- Harvard Medical School, T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Beth Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Qi Sun
- Harvard Medical School, T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Channing Division of Network Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Frank Hu
- Harvard Medical School, T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Channing Division of Network Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - Ulf Risérus
- Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism Unit, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Iolanda Lázaro
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cecilia Samieri
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mélanie Le Goff
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, Bordeaux, France
| | - Catherine Helmer
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marinka Steur
- University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Epidemiology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trudy Voortman
- University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Epidemiology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Kamran Ikram
- University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Epidemiology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- National Institute of Health, National Institute on Aging, Longitudinal Studies Section, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Luigi Ferrucci
- National Institute of Health, National Institute on Aging, Longitudinal Studies Section, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Michael Tsai
- University of Minnesota, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Weihua Guan
- University of Minnesota, Division of Biostatistics, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Parveen Garg
- University of Southern California, Department of Medicine, Cardiology, Los Angeles, CA
| | - WM Monique Verschuren
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment Bilthoven, The Netherlands, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care and Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda MA Boer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke Biokstra
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jyrki Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Michael Wagner
- University Hospital, Depts of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- University of Tsukubu, Department of Public Health Medicine, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - David S Siscovick
- New York Academy of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, New York, New York
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7
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Rao ND, Lemaitre RN, Sitlani CM, Umans JG, Haack K, Handeland V, Navas-Acien A, Cole SA, Best LG, Fretts AM. Dietary magnesium, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6: The Strong Heart Family Study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0296238. [PMID: 38128021 PMCID: PMC10734955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the associations of dietary Mg intake with inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6)), and the interaction of dietary Mg intake with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3740393, a SNP related to Mg metabolism and transport, on CRP and IL-6 among American Indians (AIs). METHODS This cross-sectional study included AI participants (n = 1,924) from the Strong Heart Family Study (SHFS). Mg intake from foods and dietary supplements was ascertained using a 119-item Block food frequency questionnaire, CRP and IL-6 were measured from blood, and SNP rs3740393 was genotyped using MetaboChip. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine associations of Mg intake, and the interaction between rs3740393 and dietary Mg, with CRP and IL-6. RESULTS Reported Mg intake was not associated with CRP or IL-6, irrespective of genotype. A significant interaction (p-interaction = 0.018) was observed between Mg intake and rs3740393 on IL-6. Among participants with the C/C genotype, for every 1 SD higher in log-Mg, log-IL-6 was 0.04 (95% CI: -0.10 to 0.17) pg/mL higher. Among participants with the C/G genotype, for every 1 SD higher in log-Mg, log-IL-6 was 0.08 (95% CI: -0.21 to 0.05) pg/mL lower, and among participants with the G/G genotype, for every 1 SD higher in log-Mg, log-IL-6 was 0.19 (95% CI: -0.38 to -0.01) pg/mL lower. CONCLUSIONS Mg intake may be associated with lower IL-6 with increasing dosage of the G allele at rs3740393. Future research is necessary to replicate this finding and examine other Mg-related genes that influence associations of Mg intake with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandana D. Rao
- Institute of Public Health Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Rozenn N. Lemaitre
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Research Health Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Colleen M. Sitlani
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Research Health Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jason G. Umans
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Karin Haack
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | | | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Shelley A. Cole
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lyle G. Best
- Missouri Breaks Industries Research Inc, Eagle Butte, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Amanda M. Fretts
- Institute of Public Health Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Research Health Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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8
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Guirette M, Lan J, McKeown N, Brown MR, Chen H, DE Vries PS, Kim H, Rebholz CM, Morrison AC, Bartz TM, Fretts AM, Guo X, Lemaitre RN, Liu CT, Noordam R, DE Mutsert R, Rosendaal FR, Wang CA, Beilin L, Mori TA, Oddy WH, Pennell CE, Chai JF, Whitton C, VAN Dam RM, Liu J, Tai ES, Sim X, Neuhouser ML, Kooperberg C, Tinker L, Franceschini N, Huan T, Winkler TW, Bentley AR, Gauderman WJ, Heerkens L, Tanaka T, van Rooij J, Munroe PB, Warren HR, Voortman T, Chen H, Rao DC, Levy D, Ma J. Genome-Wide Interaction Analysis with DASH Diet Score Identified Novel Loci for Systolic Blood Pressure. medRxiv 2023:2023.11.10.23298402. [PMID: 37986948 PMCID: PMC10659476 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.10.23298402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective We examined interactions between genotype and a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet score in relation to systolic blood pressure (SBP). Methods We analyzed up to 9,420,585 biallelic imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in up to 127,282 individuals of six population groups (91% of European population) from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium (CHARGE; n=35,660) and UK Biobank (n=91,622) and performed European population-specific and cross-population meta-analyses. Results We identified three loci in European-specific analyses and an additional four loci in cross-population analyses at P for interaction < 5e-8. We observed a consistent interaction between rs117878928 at 15q25.1 (minor allele frequency = 0.03) and the DASH diet score (P for interaction = 4e-8; P for heterogeneity = 0.35) in European population, where the interaction effect size was 0.42±0.09 mm Hg (P for interaction = 9.4e-7) and 0.20±0.06 mm Hg (P for interaction = 0.001) in CHARGE and the UK Biobank, respectively. The 1 Mb region surrounding rs117878928 was enriched with cis-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) variants (P = 4e-273) and cis-DNA methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL) variants (P = 1e-300). While the closest gene for rs117878928 is MTHFS, the highest narrow sense heritability accounted by SNPs potentially interacting with the DASH diet score in this locus was for gene ST20 at 15q25.1. Conclusion We demonstrated gene-DASH diet score interaction effects on SBP in several loci. Studies with larger diverse populations are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Guirette
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessie Lan
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola McKeown
- Programs of Nutrition, Department of Health Sciences, Sargent College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Han Chen
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul S DE Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hyunju Kim
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Renée DE Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, NSW, Australia
| | - Lawrence Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Wendy H Oddy
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia Saw Swee Hock, School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, NSW, Australia
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Clare Whitton
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Rob M VAN Dam
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - E Shyong Tai
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lesley Tinker
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tianxiao Huan
- Framingham Heart Study and Population Sciences Branch, NHLBI, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg; Regensburg, Germany
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - W James Gauderman
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California; CA, USA
| | - Luc Heerkens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Longitudinal Studies Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeroen van Rooij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology & Precision Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Helen R Warren
- Centre of Clinical Pharmacology & Precision Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Honglei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - D C Rao
- Center for Biostatistics and Data Science, Institute for Informatics, Data Science, and Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Framingham Heart Study and Population Sciences Branch, NHLBI, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Jiantao Ma
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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9
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Garg PK, Guan W, Nomura S, Weir NL, Tintle N, Virtanen JK, Hirakawa Y, Qian F, Sun Q, Rimm E, Lemaitre RN, Jensen PN, Heckbert SR, Imamura F, Steur M, Leander K, Laguzzi F, Voortman T, Ninomiya T, Mozaffarian D, Harris WS, Siscovick DS, Tsai MY. n-6 fatty acid biomarkers and incident atrial fibrillation: an individual participant-level pooled analysis of 11 international prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:921-929. [PMID: 37769813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an over 2-fold increased risk of stroke, heart failure, and cardiovascular mortality. Long chain n-6 PUFAs have been suggested to have a variety of beneficial biologic effects that may reduce AF development; however, prior studies evaluating this relationship are limited. OBJECTIVES We prospectively evaluated the association between circulating levels of linoleic acid (LA) and arachidonic acid (AA) with incident AF. METHODS We used participant-level data from a global consortium of 11 prospective cohort studies with measurements of LA and AA in adults (aged ≥18 y). Participating studies conducted de novo analyses using a prespecified analytical plan with harmonized definitions for exposures, outcomes, covariates, and subgroups. Associations were pooled using inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. RESULTS Among 41,335 participants, 6173 incident cases of AF were ascertained, with median follow-up time of 14 y. In multivariable analysis, per interquintile range (difference between the 10th and 90th percentiles for each fatty acid), circulating n-6 levels were not associated with incident AF. For LA, the hazard ratio per interquintile range was 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.89, 1.04), and for AA, 1.02 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.10), with little evidence of heterogeneity between cohorts. Associations were similarly nonsignificant across subgroups of age, race, and biomarker fraction. CONCLUSIONS Biomarkers of n-6 fatty acids including LA and AA are not associated with incident AF. These findings suggest that overall effects of n-6 PUFAs on influencing AF development are neutral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen K Garg
- Division of Cardiology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Sarah Nomura
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Natalie L Weir
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Nathan Tintle
- Department of Population Health Sciences, College of Nursing, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jyrki K Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Frank Qian
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eric Rimm
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Paul N Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Fumiaki Imamura
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marinka Steur
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karin Leander
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Federica Laguzzi
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Cardiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - William S Harris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
| | | | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
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10
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Bockus LB, Jensen PN, Fretts AM, Hoofnagle AN, McKnight B, Sitlani CM, Siscovick DS, King IB, Psaty BM, Sotoodehnia N, Lemaitre RN. Plasma Ceramides and Sphingomyelins and Sudden Cardiac Death in the Cardiovascular Health Study. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2343854. [PMID: 37976059 PMCID: PMC10656644 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.43854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Sphingolipids, including ceramides and sphingomyelins, may influence the pathophysiology and risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) through multiple biological activities. Whether the length of the fatty acid acylated to plasma sphingolipid species is associated with SCD risk is not known. Objective To determine whether the saturated fatty acid length of plasma ceramides and sphingomyelins influences the association with SCD risk. Design, Setting, and Participants In this cohort study, multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association of sphingolipid species with SCD risk. The study population included 4612 participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study followed up prospectively for a median of 10.2 (IQR, 5.5-11.6) years. Baseline data were collected from January 1992 to December 1995 during annual examinations. Data were analyzed from February 11, 2020, to September 9, 2023. Exposures Eight plasma sphingolipid species (4 ceramides and 4 sphingomyelins) with saturated fatty acids of 16, 20, 22, and 24 carbons. Main Outcome and Measure Association of plasma ceramides and sphingomyelins with saturated fatty acids of different lengths with SCD risk. Results Among the 4612 CHS participants included in the analysis (mean [SD] age, 77 [5] years; 2724 [59.1%] women; 6 [0.1%] American Indian; 4 [0.1%] Asian; 718 [15.6%] Black; 3869 [83.9%] White, and 15 [0.3%] Other), 215 SCD cases were identified. In adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, plasma ceramides and sphingomyelins with palmitic acid (Cer-16 and SM-16) were associated with higher SCD risk per higher SD of log sphingolipid levels (hazard ratio [HR] for Cer-16, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.12-1.59]; HR for SM-16, 1.37 [95% CI, 1.12-1.67]). Associations did not differ by baseline age, sex, race, or body mass index. No significant association of SCD with sphingolipids with very-long-chain saturated fatty acids was observed after correction for multiple testing (HR for ceramide with arachidic acid, 1.06 [95% CI, 0.90-1.24]; HR for ceramide with behenic acid, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.77-1.10]; HR for ceramide with lignoceric acid, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.77-1.09]; HR for sphingomyelin with arachidic acid, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.71-0.98]; HR for sphingomyelin with behenic acid, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.70-1.00]; HR for sphingomyelin with lignoceric acid, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.72-1.03]). Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this large, population-based cohort study of SCD identified that higher plasma levels of Cer-16 and SM-16 were associated with higher risk of SCD. Future studies are needed to examine the underlying mechanism of these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee B Bockus
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Paul N Jensen
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Andrew N Hoofnagle
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | | | | | | | - Irena B King
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle
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11
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Feofanova EV, Brown MR, Alkis T, Manuel AM, Li X, Tahir UA, Li Z, Mendez KM, Kelly RS, Qi Q, Chen H, Larson MG, Lemaitre RN, Morrison AC, Grieser C, Wong KE, Gerszten RE, Zhao Z, Lasky-Su J, Yu B. Author Correction: Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis of Human Metabolome in Multi-Ethnic Populations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6611. [PMID: 37857625 PMCID: PMC10587143 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42472-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Feofanova
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Taryn Alkis
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Astrid M Manuel
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xihao Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Usman A Tahir
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zilin Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kevin M Mendez
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel S Kelly
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Han Chen
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Martin G Larson
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Robert E Gerszten
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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12
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Patchen BK, Balte P, Bartz TM, Barr RG, Fornage M, Graff M, Jacobs DR, Kalhan R, Lemaitre RN, O'Connor G, Psaty B, Seo J, Tsai MY, Wood AC, Xu H, Zhang J, Gharib SA, Manichaikul A, North K, Steffen LM, Dupuis J, Oelsner E, Hancock DB, Cassano PA. Investigating Associations of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Lung Function Decline, and Airway Obstruction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 208:846-857. [PMID: 37470492 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202301-0074oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Inflammation contributes to lung function decline and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Omega-3 fatty acids have antiinflammatory properties and may benefit lung health. Objectives: To investigate associations of omega-3 fatty acids with lung function decline and incident airway obstruction in a diverse sample of adults from general-population cohorts. Methods: Complementary study designs: 1) longitudinal study of plasma phospholipid omega-3 fatty acids and repeated FEV1 and FVC measures in the NHLBI Pooled Cohorts Study and 2) two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study of genetically predicted omega-3 fatty acids and lung function parameters. Measurements and Main Results: The longitudinal study found that higher omega-3 fatty acid levels were associated with attenuated lung function decline in 15,063 participants, with the largest effect sizes for the most metabolically downstream omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). An increase in DHA of 1% of total fatty acids was associated with attenuations of 1.4 ml/yr for FEV1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-1.8) and 2.0 ml/yr for FVC (95% CI, 1.6-2.4) and a 7% lower incidence of spirometry-defined airway obstruction (95% CI, 0.89-0.97). DHA associations persisted across sexes and smoking histories and in Black, White, and Hispanic participants, with associations of the largest magnitude in former smokers and Hispanic participants. The MR study showed similar trends toward positive associations of genetically predicted downstream omega-3 fatty acids with FEV1 and FVC. Conclusions: The longitudinal and MR studies provide evidence supporting beneficial effects of higher levels of downstream omega-3 fatty acids, especially DHA, on lung health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie K Patchen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Pallavi Balte
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health
| | - R Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ravi Kalhan
- Departments of Medicine and Preventative Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health
| | - George O'Connor
- Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health
| | - Jungkyun Seo
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Alexis C Wood
- U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children Nutrition Research Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hanfei Xu
- Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Kari North
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Josée Dupuis
- U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children Nutrition Research Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Oelsner
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Dana B Hancock
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and
| | - Patricia A Cassano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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13
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Lidgard B, Hoofnagle AN, Zelnick LR, de Boer IH, Fretts AM, Kestenbaum BR, Lemaitre RN, Robinson-Cohen C, Bansal N. High-Density Lipoprotein Lipidomics and Mortality in CKD. Kidney Med 2023; 5:100708. [PMID: 37731962 PMCID: PMC10507644 DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2023.100708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale & Objective Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles that lack cardioprotective properties; altered lipid composition may be associated with these changes. To investigate HDL lipids as potential cardiovascular risk factors in CKD, we tested the associations of HDL ceramides, sphingomyelins, and phosphatidylcholines with mortality. Study Design We leveraged data from a longitudinal prospective cohort of participants with CKD. Setting & Participants We included participants aged greater than 21 years with CKD, excluding those on maintenance dialysis or with prior kidney transplant. Exposure HDL particles were isolated using density gradient ultracentrifugation. We quantified the relative abundance of HDL ceramides, sphingomyelins, and phosphatidylcholines via liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Outcomes Our primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Analytical Approach We tested associations using Cox regressions adjusted for demographics, comorbid conditions, laboratory values, medication use, and highly correlated lipids with opposed effects, controlling for multiple comparisons with false discovery rates (FDR). Results There were 168 deaths over a median follow-up of 6.12 years (interquartile range, 3.71-9.32). After adjustment, relative abundance of HDL ceramides (HR, 1.22 per standard deviation; 95% CI, 1.06-1.39), sphingomyelins with long fatty acids (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.05-1.98), and saturated and monounsaturated phosphatidylcholines (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.06-1.41) were significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (FDR < 5%). Limitations We were unable to test associations with cardiovascular disease given limited power. HDL lipidomics may not reflect plasma lipidomics. LC-MS/MS is unable to differentiate between glucosylceramides and galactosylceramides. The cohort was comprised of research volunteers in the Seattle area with CKD. Conclusions Greater relative HDL abundance of 3 classes of lipids was associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality in CKD; sphingomyelins with very long fatty acids were associated with a lower risk. Altered lipid composition of HDL particles may be a novel cardiovascular risk factor in CKD. Plain-Language Summary Patients with chronic kidney disease have abnormal high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles that lack the beneficial properties associated with these particles in patients with normal kidney function. To investigate if small lipid molecules found on the surface of HDL might be associated with these changes, we tested the associations of lipid molecules found on HDL with death among patients with chronic kidney disease. We found that several lipid molecules found on the surface of HDL were associated with increased risk of death among these patients. These findings suggest that lipid molecules may be risk factors for death among patients with chronic kidney disease.
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14
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Haycock PC, Borges MC, Burrows K, Lemaitre RN, Harrison S, Burgess S, Chang X, Westra J, Khankari NK, Tsilidis KK, Gaunt T, Hemani G, Zheng J, Truong T, O’Mara TA, Spurdle AB, Law MH, Slager SL, Birmann BM, Saberi Hosnijeh F, Mariosa D, Amos CI, Hung RJ, Zheng W, Gunter MJ, Davey Smith G, Relton C, Martin RM. Design and quality control of large-scale two-sample Mendelian randomization studies. Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:1498-1521. [PMID: 38587501 PMCID: PMC10555669 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mendelian randomization (MR) studies are susceptible to metadata errors (e.g. incorrect specification of the effect allele column) and other analytical issues that can introduce substantial bias into analyses. We developed a quality control (QC) pipeline for the Fatty Acids in Cancer Mendelian Randomization Collaboration (FAMRC) that can be used to identify and correct for such errors. Methods We collated summary association statistics from fatty acid and cancer genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and subjected the collated data to a comprehensive QC pipeline. We identified metadata errors through comparison of study-specific statistics to external reference data sets (the National Human Genome Research Institute-European Bioinformatics Institute GWAS catalogue and 1000 genome super populations) and other analytical issues through comparison of reported to expected genetic effect sizes. Comparisons were based on three sets of genetic variants: (i) GWAS hits for fatty acids, (ii) GWAS hits for cancer and (iii) a 1000 genomes reference set. Results We collated summary data from 6 fatty acid and 54 cancer GWAS. Metadata errors and analytical issues with the potential to introduce substantial bias were identified in seven studies (11.6%). After resolving metadata errors and analytical issues, we created a data set of 219 842 genetic associations with 90 cancer types, generated in analyses of 566 665 cancer cases and 1 622 374 controls. Conclusions In this large MR collaboration, 11.6% of included studies were affected by a substantial metadata error or analytical issue. By increasing the integrity of collated summary data prior to their analysis, our protocol can be used to increase the reliability of downstream MR analyses. Our pipeline is available to other researchers via the CheckSumStats package (https://github.com/MRCIEU/CheckSumStats).
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip C Haycock
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Maria Carolina Borges
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kimberley Burrows
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Sean Harrison
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xuling Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat—National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jason Westra
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, Dordt College, Sioux Center, IA, USA
| | - Nikhil K Khankari
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kostas K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Tom Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gibran Hemani
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jie Zheng
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Therese Truong
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Team “Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health”, CESP, Villejuif, France
| | - Tracy A O’Mara
- Genetics and Computational Biology Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Genetics and Computational Biology Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Matthew H Law
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Susan L Slager
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Brenda M Birmann
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Daniela Mariosa
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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15
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Lidgard B, Bansal N, Zelnick LR, Hoofnagle AN, Fretts AM, Longstreth WT, Shlipak MG, Siscovick DS, Umans JG, Lemaitre RN. Evaluation of plasma sphingolipids as mediators of the relationship between kidney disease and cardiovascular events. EBioMedicine 2023; 95:104765. [PMID: 37634384 PMCID: PMC10474367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sphingolipids are a family of circulating lipids with regulatory and signaling roles that are strongly associated with both eGFR and cardiovascular disease. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at high risk for cardiovascular events, and have different plasma concentrations of certain plasma sphingolipids compared to patients with normal kidney function. We hypothesize that circulating sphingolipids partially mediate the associations between eGFR and cardiovascular events. METHODS We measured the circulating concentrations of 8 sphingolipids, including 4 ceramides and 4 sphingomyelins with the fatty acids 16:0, 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0, in plasma from 3,463 participants in a population-based cohort (Cardiovascular Health Study) without prevalent cardiovascular disease. We tested the adjusted mediation effects by these sphingolipids of the associations between eGFR and incident cardiovascular disease via quasi-Bayesian Monte Carlo method with 2,000 simulations, using a Bonferroni correction for significance. FINDINGS The mean (±SD) eGFR was 70 (±16) mL/min/1.73 m2; 62% of participants were women. Lower eGFR was associated with higher plasma ceramide-16:0 and sphingomyelin-16:0, and lower ceramides and sphingomyelins-20:0 and -22:0. Lower eGFR was associated with risk of incident heart failure and ischemic stroke, but not myocardial infarction. Five of eight sphingolipids partially mediated the association between eGFR and heart failure. The sphingolipids associated with the greatest proportion mediated were ceramide-16:0 (proportion mediated 13%, 95% CI 8-22%) and sphingomyelin-16:0 (proportion mediated 10%, 95% CI 5-17%). No sphingolipids mediated the association between eGFR and ischemic stroke. INTERPRETATION Plasma sphingolipids partially mediated the association between lower eGFR and incident heart failure. Altered sphingolipids metabolism may be a novel mechanism for heart failure in patients with CKD. FUNDING This study was supported by T32 DK007467 and a KidneyCure Ben J. Lipps Research Fellowship (Dr. Lidgard). Sphingolipid measurements were supported by R01 HL128575 (Dr. Lemaitre) and R01 HL111375 (Dr. Hoofnagle) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lidgard
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, United States.
| | - Nisha Bansal
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, United States
| | - Leila R Zelnick
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, United States
| | | | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, United States
| | | | - Michael G Shlipak
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System and University of California San Francisco, United States
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16
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Yang C, Veenstra J, Bartz TM, Pahl MC, Hallmark B, Chen YDI, Westra J, Steffen LM, Brown CD, Siscovick D, Tsai MY, Wood AC, Rich SS, Smith CE, O'Connor TD, Mozaffarian D, Grant SFA, Chilton FH, Tintle NL, Lemaitre RN, Manichaikul A. Genome-wide association studies and fine-mapping identify genomic loci for n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Hispanic American and African American cohorts. Commun Biol 2023; 6:852. [PMID: 37587153 PMCID: PMC10432561 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05219-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play critical roles in human health. Prior genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs in European Americans from the CHARGE Consortium have documented strong genetic signals in/near the FADS locus on chromosome 11. We performed a GWAS of four n-3 and four n-6 PUFAs in Hispanic American (n = 1454) and African American (n = 2278) participants from three CHARGE cohorts. Applying a genome-wide significance threshold of P < 5 × 10-8, we confirmed association of the FADS signal and found evidence of two additional signals (in DAGLA and BEST1) within 200 kb of the originally reported FADS signal. Outside of the FADS region, we identified novel signals for arachidonic acid (AA) in Hispanic Americans located in/near genes including TMX2, SLC29A2, ANKRD13D and POLD4, and spanning a > 9 Mb region on chromosome 11 (57.5 Mb ~ 67.1 Mb). Among these novel signals, we found associations unique to Hispanic Americans, including rs28364240, a POLD4 missense variant for AA that is common in CHARGE Hispanic Americans but absent in other race/ancestry groups. Our study sheds light on the genetics of PUFAs and the value of investigating complex trait genetics across diverse ancestry populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojie Yang
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jenna Veenstra
- Departments of Biology and Statistics, Dordt University, Sioux Center, IA, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Matthew C Pahl
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian Hallmark
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jason Westra
- Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christopher D Brown
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alexis C Wood
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Caren E Smith
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy D O'Connor
- Institute for Genome Sciences; Program in Personalized and Genomic Medicine; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, Tufts School of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Struan F A Grant
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Floyd H Chilton
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness and the BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Nathan L Tintle
- Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- University of Illinois, Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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17
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Lemaitre RN, Jensen PN, Wang Z, Fretts AM, Sitlani CM, Nemet I, Sotoodehnia N, de Oliveira Otto MC, Zhu W, Budoff M, Longstreth WT, Psaty BM, Siscovick DS, Hazen SL, Mozaffarian D. Plasma Trimethylamine- N-Oxide and Incident Ischemic Stroke: The Cardiovascular Health Study and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e8711. [PMID: 37581385 PMCID: PMC10492960 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.029230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Background The association of circulating trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) with stroke has received limited attention. To address this gap, we examined the associations of serial measures of plasma TMAO with incident ischemic stroke. Methods and Results We used a prospective cohort design with data pooled from 2 cohorts. The settings were the CHS (Cardiovascular Health Study), a cohort of older adults, and the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis), both in the United States. We measured plasma concentrations of TMAO at baseline and again during the follow-up using high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. We assessed the association of plasma TMAO with incident ischemic stroke using proportional hazards regression adjusted for risk factors. The combined cohorts included 11 785 participants without a history of stroke, on average 73 (CHS) and 62 (MESA) years old at baseline, including 60% (CHS) and 53% (MESA) women. We identified 1031 total incident ischemic strokes during a median 15-year follow-up in the combined cohorts. In multivariable analyses, TMAO was significantly associated with incident ischemic stroke risk (hazard ratios comparing a doubling of TMAO: 1.11 [1.03-1.18], P=0.004). The association was linear over the range of TMAO concentrations and appeared restricted to those without diagnosed coronary heart disease. An association with hemorrhagic stroke was not found. Conclusions Plasma TMAO levels are associated with incident ischemic stroke in a diverse population. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00005133.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozenn N. Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Paul N. Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Zeneng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic SciencesLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA
| | | | - Colleen M. Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Ina Nemet
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic SciencesLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Marcia C. de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental ScienceThe University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public HealthHoustonTXUSA
| | - Weifei Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic SciencesLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA
| | - Matt Budoff
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA
| | | | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research InstituteSeattleWAUSA
| | | | - Stanley L. Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic SciencesLerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, HeartVascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA
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18
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Qian F, Tintle N, Jensen PN, Lemaitre RN, Imamura F, Feldreich TR, Nomura SO, Guan W, Laguzzi F, Kim E, Virtanen JK, Steur M, Bork CS, Hirakawa Y, O'Donoghue ML, Sala-Vila A, Ardisson Korat AV, Sun Q, Rimm EB, Psaty BM, Heckbert SR, Forouhi NG, Wareham NJ, Marklund M, Risérus U, Lind L, Ärnlöv J, Garg P, Tsai MY, Pankow J, Misialek JR, Gigante B, Leander K, Pester JA, Albert CM, Kavousi M, Ikram A, Voortman T, Schmidt EB, Ninomiya T, Morrow DA, Bayés-Genís A, O'Keefe JH, Ong KL, Wu JHY, Mozaffarian D, Harris WS, Siscovick DS. Omega-3 Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Incident Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023; 82:336-349. [PMID: 37468189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between omega-3 fatty acids and atrial fibrillation (AF) remains controversial. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the prospective associations of blood or adipose tissue levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) with incident AF. METHODS We used participant-level data from a global consortium of 17 prospective cohort studies, each with baseline data on blood or adipose tissue omega-3 fatty acid levels and AF outcomes. Each participating study conducted a de novo analyses using a prespecified analytical plan with harmonized definitions for exposures, outcome, covariates, and subgroups. Associations were pooled using inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. RESULTS Among 54,799 participants from 17 cohorts, 7,720 incident cases of AF were ascertained after a median 13.3 years of follow-up. In multivariable analysis, EPA levels were not associated with incident AF, HR per interquintile range (ie, the difference between the 90th and 10th percentiles) was 1.00 (95% CI: 0.95-1.05). HRs for higher levels of DPA, DHA, and EPA+DHA, were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83-0.95), 0.90 (95% CI: 0.85-0.96), and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.87-0.99), respectively. CONCLUSIONS In vivo levels of omega-3 fatty acids including EPA, DPA, DHA, and EPA+DHA were not associated with increased risk of incident AF. Our data suggest the safety of habitual dietary intakes of omega-3 fatty acids with respect to AF risk. Coupled with the known benefits of these fatty acids in the prevention of adverse coronary events, our study suggests that current dietary guidelines recommending fish/omega-3 fatty acid consumption can be maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Qian
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nathan Tintle
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Dordt University, Sioux Center, Iowa, USA; Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Paul N Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Fumiaki Imamura
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Rudholm Feldreich
- School of Health and Social Sciences, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden; Center for Clinical Research Dalarna, Region Dalarna, Falun, Sweden
| | - Sarah Oppeneer Nomura
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Federica Laguzzi
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eunjung Kim
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jyrki K Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marinka Steur
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christian S Bork
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Michelle L O'Donoghue
- TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition - Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andres V Ardisson Korat
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Matti Marklund
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Center for Clinical Research Dalarna, Region Dalarna, Falun, Sweden; School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden; Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Parveen Garg
- Division of Cardiology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - James Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Misialek
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Leander
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julie A Pester
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christine M Albert
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningenn, the Netherlands
| | - Erik B Schmidt
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - David A Morrow
- TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Antoni Bayés-Genís
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - James H O'Keefe
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Kwok Leung Ong
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jason H Y Wu
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Cardiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - William S Harris
- Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
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19
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Lemaitre RN, Jensen PN, Mozaffarian D. Letter to the editor about published meta-analysis of TMAO and stroke. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:761. [PMID: 36754978 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Paul N Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Feofanova EV, Brown MR, Alkis T, Manuel AM, Li X, Tahir UA, Li Z, Mendez KM, Kelly RS, Qi Q, Chen H, Larson MG, Lemaitre RN, Morrison AC, Grieser C, Wong KE, Gerszten RE, Zhao Z, Lasky-Su J, Yu B. Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis of Human Metabolome in Multi-Ethnic Populations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3111. [PMID: 37253714 PMCID: PMC10229598 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38800-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating metabolite levels may reflect the state of the human organism in health and disease, however, the genetic architecture of metabolites is not fully understood. We have performed a whole-genome sequencing association analysis of both common and rare variants in up to 11,840 multi-ethnic participants from five studies with up to 1666 circulating metabolites. We have discovered 1985 novel variant-metabolite associations, and validated 761 locus-metabolite associations reported previously. Seventy-nine novel variant-metabolite associations have been replicated, including three genetic loci located on the X chromosome that have demonstrated its involvement in metabolic regulation. Gene-based analysis have provided further support for seven metabolite-replicated loci pairs and their biologically plausible genes. Among those novel replicated variant-metabolite pairs, follow-up analyses have revealed that 26 metabolites have colocalized with 21 tissues, seven metabolite-disease outcome associations have been putatively causal, and 7 metabolites might be regulated by plasma protein levels. Our results have depicted the genetic contribution to circulating metabolite levels, providing additional insights into understanding human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Feofanova
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Taryn Alkis
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Astrid M Manuel
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xihao Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Usman A Tahir
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zilin Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kevin M Mendez
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel S Kelly
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Han Chen
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Martin G Larson
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Robert E Gerszten
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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21
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Wang M, Li XS, Wang Z, de Oliveira Otto MC, Lemaitre RN, Fretts A, Sotoodehnia N, Budoff M, Nemet I, DiDonato JA, Tang WHW, Psaty BM, Siscovick DS, Hazen SL, Mozaffarian D. Trimethylamine N-oxide is associated with long-term mortality risk: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:1608-1618. [PMID: 36883587 PMCID: PMC10411925 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Little is known about associations of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a novel gut microbiota-generated metabolite of dietary phosphatidylcholine and carnitine, and its changes over time with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the general population or in different race/ethnicity groups. The study aimed to investigate associations of serially measured plasma TMAO levels and changes in TMAO over time with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a multi-ethnic community-based cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS The study included 6,785 adults from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. TMAO was measured at baseline and year 5 using mass spectrometry. Primary outcomes were adjudicated all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Secondary outcomes were deaths due to kidney failure, cancer, or dementia obtained from death certificates. Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying TMAO and covariates assessed the associations with adjustment for sociodemographics, lifestyles, diet, metabolic factors, and comorbidities. During a median follow-up of 16.9 years, 1704 participants died and 411 from CVD. Higher TMAO levels associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR): 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08-1.17], CVD mortality (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.00-1.09), and death due to kidney failure (HR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.25-1.66) per inter-quintile range, but not deaths due to cancer or dementia. Annualized changes in TMAO levels associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.05-1.14) and death due to kidney failure (HR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.26-1.89) but not other deaths. CONCLUSION Plasma TMAO levels were positively associated with mortality, especially deaths due to cardiovascular and renal disease, in a multi-ethnic US cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Xinmin S Li
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Zeneng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Marcia C de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, 1200 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1360, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Amanda Fretts
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1360, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1360, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Matthew Budoff
- Department of Medicine, Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 124 West Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Ina Nemet
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Joseph A DiDonato
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Wai Hong Wilson Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1360, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David S Siscovick
- The New York Academy of Medicine, 1216 5th Ave, New York City, NY 10029, USA
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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22
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Haycock PC, Borges MC, Burrows K, Lemaitre RN, Burgess S, Khankari NK, Tsilidis KK, Gaunt TR, Hemani G, Zheng J, Truong T, Birmann BM, OMara T, Spurdle AB, Iles MM, Law MH, Slager SL, Saberi Hosnijeh F, Mariosa D, Cotterchio M, Cerhan JR, Peters U, Enroth S, Gharahkhani P, Le Marchand L, Williams AC, Block RC, Amos CI, Hung RJ, Zheng W, Gunter MJ, Smith GD, Relton C, Martin RM. The association between genetically elevated polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of cancer. EBioMedicine 2023; 91:104510. [PMID: 37086649 PMCID: PMC10148095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causal relevance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for risk of site-specific cancers remains uncertain. METHODS Using a Mendelian randomization (MR) framework, we assessed the causal relevance of PUFAs for risk of cancer in European and East Asian ancestry individuals. We defined the primary exposure as PUFA desaturase activity, proxied by rs174546 at the FADS locus. Secondary exposures were defined as omega 3 and omega 6 PUFAs that could be proxied by genetic polymorphisms outside the FADS region. Our study used summary genetic data on 10 PUFAs and 67 cancers, corresponding to 562,871 cases and 1,619,465 controls, collected by the Fatty Acids in Cancer Mendelian Randomization Collaboration. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) for cancer per standard deviation increase in genetically proxied PUFA exposures. FINDINGS Genetically elevated PUFA desaturase activity was associated (P < 0.0007) with higher risk (OR [95% confidence interval]) of colorectal cancer (1.09 [1.07-1.11]), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (1.16 [1.06-1.26]), lung cancer (1.06 [1.03-1.08]) and basal cell carcinoma (1.05 [1.02-1.07]). There was little evidence for associations with reproductive cancers (OR = 1.00 [95% CI: 0.99-1.01]; Pheterogeneity = 0.25), urinary system cancers (1.03 [0.99-1.06], Pheterogeneity = 0.51), nervous system cancers (0.99 [0.95-1.03], Pheterogeneity = 0.92) or blood cancers (1.01 [0.98-1.04], Pheterogeneity = 0.09). Findings for colorectal cancer and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma remained compatible with causality in sensitivity analyses for violations of assumptions. Secondary MR analyses highlighted higher omega 6 PUFAs (arachidonic acid, gamma-linolenic acid and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid) as potential mediators. PUFA biosynthesis is known to interact with aspirin, which increases risk of bleeding and inflammatory bowel disease. In a phenome-wide MR study of non-neoplastic diseases, we found that genetic lowering of PUFA desaturase activity, mimicking a hypothetical intervention to reduce cancer risk, was associated (P < 0.0006) with increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease but not bleeding. INTERPRETATION The PUFA biosynthesis pathway may be an intervention target for prevention of colorectal cancer and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma but with potential for increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease. FUNDING Cancer Resesrch UK (C52724/A20138, C18281/A19169). UK Medical Research Council (MR/P014054/1). National Institute for Health Research (NIHR202411). UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00011/1, MC_UU_00011/3, MC_UU_00011/6, and MC_UU_00011/4). National Cancer Institute (R00 CA215360). National Institutes of Health (U01 CA164973, R01 CA60987, R01 CA72520, U01 CA74806, R01 CA55874, U01 CA164973 and U01 CA164973).
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip C Haycock
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
| | - Maria Carolina Borges
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Kimberley Burrows
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Nikhil K Khankari
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Tom R Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Gibran Hemani
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Therese Truong
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Team "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health", CESP, Villejuif, France
| | - Brenda M Birmann
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tracy OMara
- Genetics and Computational Biology Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Genetics and Computational Biology Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark M Iles
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Matthew H Law
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Susan L Slager
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Daniela Mariosa
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Michelle Cotterchio
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada; Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Ontario Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James R Cerhan
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, USA; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Stefan Enroth
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Biomedical Center, Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab) Uppsala, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Puya Gharahkhani
- Statistical Genetics Lab, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston QLD, 4006, Australia
| | | | - Ann C Williams
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Robert C Block
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center Baylor College of Medicine, USA
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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23
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Cronjé HT, Mi MY, Austin TR, Biggs ML, Siscovick DS, Lemaitre RN, Psaty BM, Tracy RP, Djoussé L, Kizer JR, Ix JH, Rao P, Robbins JM, Barber JL, Sarzynski MA, Clish CB, Bouchard C, Mukamal KJ, Gerszten RE, Jensen MK. Plasma Proteomic Risk Markers of Incident Type 2 Diabetes Reflect Physiologically Distinct Components of Glucose-Insulin Homeostasis. Diabetes 2023; 72:666-673. [PMID: 36749929 PMCID: PMC10130486 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput proteomics allows researchers to simultaneously explore the roles of thousands of biomarkers in the pathophysiology of diabetes. We conducted proteomic association studies of incident type 2 diabetes and physiologic responses to an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) to identify novel protein contributors to glucose homeostasis and diabetes risk. We tested 4,776 SomaScan proteins measured in relation to 18-year incident diabetes risk in participants from the Cardiovascular Health Study (N = 2,631) and IVGTT-derived measures in participants from the HERITAGE Family Study (N = 752). We characterize 51 proteins that were associated with longitudinal diabetes risk, using their respective 39, 9, and 8 concurrent associations with insulin sensitivity index (SI), acute insulin response to glucose (AIRG), and glucose effectiveness (SG). Twelve of the 51 diabetes associations appear to be novel, including β-glucuronidase, which was associated with increased diabetes risk and lower SG, suggesting an alternative pathway to insulin for glucose disposal; and plexin-B2, which also was associated with increased diabetes risk, but with lower AIRG, and not with SI, indicating a mechanism related instead to pancreatic dysfunction. Other novel protein associations included alcohol dehydrogenase-1C, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase-B, sorbitol dehydrogenase with elevated type 2 diabetes risk, and a leucine-rich repeat containing protein-15 and myocilin with decreased risk. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS Plasma proteins are associated with the risk of incident diabetes in older adults independent of various demographic, lifestyle, and biochemical risk factors. These same proteins are associated with subtle differences in measures of glucose homeostasis earlier in life. Proteins that are associated with lower insulin sensitivity in individuals without diabetes tend to be associated with appropriate compensatory mechanisms, such as a stronger acute insulin response or higher glucose effectiveness. Proteins that are associated with future diabetes risk, but not with insulin insensitivity, tend to be associated with lower glucose effectiveness and/or impaired acute insulin response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héléne T. Cronjé
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Y. Mi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Thomas R. Austin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Mary L. Biggs
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Rozenn N. Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Russell P. Tracy
- Department of Pathology Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Luc Djoussé
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jorge R. Kizer
- Cardiology Section San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Joachim H. Ix
- Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Prashant Rao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Jeremy M. Robbins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Jacob L. Barber
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Mark A. Sarzynski
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | | | | | - Kenneth J. Mukamal
- Division of General Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Robert E. Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Majken K. Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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24
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Gharib AR, Jensen PN, Psaty BM, Hoofnagle AN, Siscovick D, Gharib SA, Sitlani CM, Sotoodehnia N, Lemaitre RN. Plasma sphingolipids, lung function and COPD: the Cardiovascular Health Study. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00346-2022. [PMID: 37020834 PMCID: PMC10068528 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00346-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale COPD is the third leading cause of death in the United States. Sphingolipids, structural membrane constituents that play a role in cellular stress and apoptosis signalling, may be involved in lung function. Methods In the Cardiovascular Health Study, a prospective cohort of older adults, we cross-sectionally examined the association of plasma levels of 17 sphingolipid species with lung function and COPD. Multivariable linear regression and logistic regression were used to evaluate associations of sphingolipid concentrations with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and odds of COPD, respectively. Results Of the 17 sphingolipids evaluated, ceramide-18 (Cer-18) and sphingomyelin-18 (SM-18) were associated with lower FEV1 values (-0.061 L per two-fold higher Cer-18, p=0.001; -0.092 L per two-fold higher SM-18, p=0.002) after correction for multiple testing. Several other associations were significant at a 0.05 level, but did not reach statistical significance after correction for multiple testing. Specifically, Cer-18 and SM-18 were associated with higher odds of COPD (odds ratio per two-fold higher Cer-18 1.29, p=0.03 and SM-18 1.73, p=0.008). Additionally, Cer-16 and SM-16 were associated with lower FEV1 values, and Cer-14, SM-14 and SM-16 with a higher odds of COPD. Conclusion In this large cross-sectional study, specific ceramides and sphingomyelins were associated with reduced lung function in a population-based study. Future studies are needed to examine whether these biomarkers are associated with longitudinal change in FEV1 within individuals or with incident COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya R Gharib
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul N Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew N Hoofnagle
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Sina A Gharib
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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25
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Lidgard B, Hoofnagle AN, Zelnick LR, de Boer IH, Fretts AM, Kestenbaum BR, Lemaitre RN, Robinson-Cohen C, Bansal N. High-Density Lipoprotein Lipidomics in Chronic Kidney Disease. Clin Chem 2023; 69:273-282. [PMID: 36644946 PMCID: PMC10069017 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvac216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles as compared with the general population. Understanding the lipid composition of HDL may provide mechanistic insight. We tested associations of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria with relative HDL abundance of ceramides, sphingomyelins, and phosphatidylcholines in participants with CKD. METHODS We studied 490 participants with CKD from the Seattle Kidney Study. HDL was isolated from plasma; targeted lipidomics was used to quantify the relative abundance of ceramides, sphingomyelins, and phosphatidylcholines per 10 µg of total HDL protein. We evaluated the associations of eGFR and albuminuria with levels of individual lipids and lipid classes (including 7 ceramides, 6 sphingomyelins, and 24 phosphatidylcholines) using multivariable linear regression, controlling for multiple comparisons via the false discovery rate. RESULTS The mean (SD) eGFR was 45 (24) mL/min/1.73 m2; the median (IQR[interquartile range]) albuminuria was 108 (16, 686) mg/g (12.2 [1.8, 77.6] mg/mmol) urine creatinine. After adjusting for demographics, past medical history, laboratory values, and medication use, eGFR was not associated with higher relative abundance of any class of lipids or individual lipids. Greater albuminuria was significantly associated with a higher relative abundance of total ceramides and moderate-long R-chain sphingomyelins, ceramides 22:0 and 24:1, hexosylceramide 16:0, sphingomyelin 16:0, and phosphatidylcholines 29:0, 30:1, and 38:2; the strongest association was for hexosylceramide 16:0 (increase per doubling of urine albumin to creatinine ratio 0.022 (95% CI, 0.012-0.032). CONCLUSIONS Greater albuminuria was significantly associated with specific alterations in the lipid composition of HDL in participants with CKD.
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26
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Westerman KE, Walker ME, Gaynor SM, Wesse J, DiCorpo D, Ma J, Alonso A, Aslibekyan S, Baldridge AS, Bertoni AG, Biggs ML, Brody JA, Chen YDI, Dupuis J, Goodarzi MO, Guo X, Hasbani NR, Heath A, Hidalgo B, Irvin MR, Johnson WC, Kalyani RR, Lange L, Lemaitre RN, Liu CT, Liu S, Moon JY, Nassir R, Pankow JS, Pettinger M, Raffield L, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Selvin E, Senn MK, Shadyab AH, Smith AV, Smith NL, Steffen L, Talegakwar S, Taylor KD, Vries PSD, Wilson JG, Wood AC, Yanek LR, Yao J, Zheng Y, Boerwinkle E, Morrison AC, Fornage M, Russell TP, Psaty BM, Levy D, Heard-Costa NL, Ramachandran VS, Mathias RA, Arnett DK, Kaplan R, North KE, Correa A, Carson A, Rotter JI, Rich SS, Manson JE, Reiner AP, Kooperberg C, Florez JC, Meigs JB, Merino J, Tobias DK, Chen H, Manning AK. Investigating gene-diet interactions impacting the association between macronutrient intake and glycemic traits. Diabetes 2023; 72:653-665. [PMID: 36791419 PMCID: PMC10130485 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have demonstrated reproducible gene-diet interactions (GDIs) impacting metabolic disease risk factors, likely due in part to measurement error in dietary intake estimation and insufficient capture of rare genetic variation. We aimed to identify GDIs across the genetic frequency spectrum impacting the macronutrient-glycemia relationship in genetically and culturally diverse cohorts. We analyzed N=33,187 diabetes-free participants from 10 NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program cohorts with whole-genome sequencing, self-reported diet, and glycemic trait data. We fit cohort-specific, multivariable-adjusted linear mixed models for the effect of diet, modeled as an isocaloric substitution of carbohydrate for fat, and its interactions with common and rare variants genome-wide. In main effect meta-analyses, participants consuming more carbohydrate had modestly lower glycemic trait values (e.g. for hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c], -0.013 %HbA1c per 250 kcal substitution). In GDI meta-analyses, a common African ancestry-enriched variant (rs79762542) reached study-wide significance and replicated in the UK Biobank cohort, indicating a negative carbohydrate-HbA1c association among major allele homozygotes only. Simulations revealed that over 150,000 samples may be necessary to identify similar macronutrient GDIs under realistic assumptions about effect size and measurement error. These results generate hypotheses for further exploration of modifiable metabolic disease risk in additional cohorts with African ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth E Westerman
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA
| | - Maura E Walker
- Department of Medicine, Section of Preventative Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Health Sciences, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Sheila M Gaynor
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Jennifer Wesse
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianpolis, IN
- Department of Translation Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Daniel DiCorpo
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Jiantao Ma
- Nutrition Epidemiology and Data Science, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Abigail S Baldridge
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Alain G Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology & Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Mary L Biggs
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Joseé Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Natalie R Hasbani
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Adam Heath
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Bertha Hidalgo
- Ryals School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - W Craig Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Rita R Kalyani
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Leslie Lange
- Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Evans Department of Medicine, Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Evans Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute and Cardiology Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Simin Liu
- Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health (CGCH), Boston, MA
| | - Jee-Young Moon
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Rami Nassir
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura'a University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Mary Pettinger
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Laura Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mackenzie K Senn
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Nicholas L Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development, Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Lyn Steffen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Sameera Talegakwar
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - James G Wilson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Alexis C Wood
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Yinan Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Miriam Fornage
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Tracy P Russell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Daniel Levy
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- The Population Science Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Nancy L Heard-Costa
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Vasan S Ramachandran
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Evans Department of Medicine, Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Evans Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute and Cardiology Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Donna K Arnett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Robert Kaplan
- Clinical Excellence Research Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Population Health Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - April Carson
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Jose C Florez
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - James B Meigs
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Jordi Merino
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Deirdre K Tobias
- Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
- Center for Precision Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA
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Patchen BK, Balte P, Bartz TM, Barr RG, Fornage M, Graff M, Jacobs DR, Kalhan R, Lemaitre RN, O'Connor G, Psaty B, Seo J, Tsai MY, Wood AC, Xu H, Zhang J, Gharib SA, Manichaikul A, North K, Steffen LM, Dupuis J, Oelsner E, Hancock DB, Cassano PA. Investigating associations of omega-3 fatty acids, lung function decline, and airway obstruction. medRxiv 2023:2023.01.18.23284671. [PMID: 36711663 PMCID: PMC9882557 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.18.23284671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rationale Inflammation contributes to lung function decline and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties and may benefit lung health. Objectives Investigate associations of omega-3 fatty acids with lung function decline and incident airway obstruction in adults of diverse races/ethnicities from general population cohorts. Methods Complementary study designs: (1) longitudinal study of plasma phospholipid omega-3 fatty acids and repeated FEV 1 and FVC measures in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Pooled Cohorts Study, and (2) two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study of genetically predicted omega-3 fatty acids and lung function parameters. Measurements and Main Results The longitudinal study found that higher omega-3 fatty acid concentrations were associated with attenuated lung function decline in 15,063 participants, with the largest effect sizes for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). One standard deviation higher DHA was associated with an attenuation of 1.8 mL/year for FEV 1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-2.2) and 2.4 mL/year for FVC (95% CI 1.9-3.0). One standard deviation higher DHA was also associated with a 9% lower incidence of spirometry-defined airway obstruction (95% CI 0.86-0.97). DHA associations persisted across sexes, smoking histories, and Black, white and Hispanic participants, with the largest magnitude associations in former smokers and Hispanics. The MR study showed positive associations of genetically predicted omega-3 fatty acids with FEV 1 and FVC, with statistically significant findings across multiple MR methods. Conclusions The longitudinal and MR studies provide evidence supporting beneficial effects of higher circulating omega-3 fatty acids, especially DHA, on lung health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie K Patchen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Palavi Balte
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - R Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - David R Jacobs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Bruce Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Jungkyun Seo
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Alexis C Wood
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX
| | - Hanfei Xu
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Kari North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec
| | - Elizabeth Oelsner
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | | | - Patricia A Cassano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
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28
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Ong KL, Marklund M, Huang L, Rye KA, Hui N, Pan XF, Rebholz CM, Kim H, Steffen LM, van Westing AC, Geleijnse JM, Hoogeveen EK, Chen YY, Chien KL, Fretts AM, Lemaitre RN, Imamura F, Forouhi NG, Wareham NJ, Birukov A, Jäger S, Kuxhaus O, Schulze MB, de Mello VD, Tuomilehto J, Uusitupa M, Lindström J, Tintle N, Harris WS, Yamasaki K, Hirakawa Y, Ninomiya T, Tanaka T, Ferrucci L, Bandinelli S, Virtanen JK, Voutilainen A, Jayasena T, Thalamuthu A, Poljak A, Bustamante S, Sachdev PS, Senn MK, Rich SS, Tsai MY, Wood AC, Laakso M, Lankinen M, Yang X, Sun L, Li H, Lin X, Nowak C, Ärnlöv J, Risérus U, Lind L, Le Goff M, Samieri C, Helmer C, Qian F, Micha R, Tin A, Köttgen A, de Boer IH, Siscovick DS, Mozaffarian D, Wu JH. Association of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with incident chronic kidney disease: pooled analysis of 19 cohorts. BMJ 2023; 380:e072909. [PMID: 36653033 PMCID: PMC9846698 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2022-072909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prospective associations of circulating levels of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) biomarkers (including plant derived α linolenic acid and seafood derived eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid) with incident chronic kidney disease (CKD). DESIGN Pooled analysis. DATA SOURCES A consortium of 19 studies from 12 countries identified up to May 2020. STUDY SELECTION Prospective studies with measured n-3 PUFA biomarker data and incident CKD based on estimated glomerular filtration rate. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Each participating cohort conducted de novo analysis with prespecified and consistent exposures, outcomes, covariates, and models. The results were pooled across cohorts using inverse variance weighted meta-analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome of incident CKD was defined as new onset estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. In a sensitivity analysis, incident CKD was defined as new onset estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and <75% of baseline rate. RESULTS 25 570 participants were included in the primary outcome analysis and 4944 (19.3%) developed incident CKD during follow-up (weighted median 11.3 years). In multivariable adjusted models, higher levels of total seafood n-3 PUFAs were associated with a lower incident CKD risk (relative risk per interquintile range 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.86 to 0.98; P=0.009, I2=9.9%). In categorical analyses, participants with total seafood n-3 PUFA level in the highest fifth had 13% lower risk of incident CKD compared with those in the lowest fifth (0.87, 0.80 to 0.96; P=0.005, I2=0.0%). Plant derived α linolenic acid levels were not associated with incident CKD (1.00, 0.94 to 1.06; P=0.94, I2=5.8%). Similar results were obtained in the sensitivity analysis. The association appeared consistent across subgroups by age (≥60 v <60 years), estimated glomerular filtration rate (60-89 v ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2), hypertension, diabetes, and coronary heart disease at baseline. CONCLUSIONS Higher seafood derived n-3 PUFA levels were associated with lower risk of incident CKD, although this association was not found for plant derived n-3 PUFAs. These results support a favourable role for seafood derived n-3 PUFAs in preventing CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwok Leung Ong
- Lipid Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matti Marklund
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liping Huang
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Lipid Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas Hui
- Lipid Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiong-Fei Pan
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Shuangliu Institute of Women's and Children's Health, Shuangliu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hyunju Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anniek C van Westing
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna M Geleijnse
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen K Hoogeveen
- Department of Nephrology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Den Bosch, The Netherlands
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Kuo-Liong Chien
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Fumiaki Imamura
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna Birukov
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Jäger
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Olga Kuxhaus
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Vanessa Derenji de Mello
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nathan Tintle
- The Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William S Harris
- The Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yamasaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Jyrki K Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ari Voutilainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tharusha Jayasena
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Poljak
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonia Bustamante
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Mackenzie K Senn
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alexis C Wood
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria Lankinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaixing Li
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Christoph Nowak
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mélanie Le Goff
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cécilia Samieri
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Catherine Helmer
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frank Qian
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Renata Micha
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
- The Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adrienne Tin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Puget Sound VA Healthcare System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- The Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason Hy Wu
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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de Oliveira Otto MC, Wu JHY, Thacker EL, Lai HTM, Lemaitre RN, Padhye N, Song X, King IB, Lopez O, Siscovick DS, Mozaffarian D. Circulating Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids, Cognitive Decline, and Dementia in Older Adults. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 95:965-979. [PMID: 37638432 PMCID: PMC10765383 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comprising nearly 35% of brain lipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are essential for optimal brain function. However, the role of PUFA on cognitive health outcomes later in life is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE We investigated prospective associations of plasma phospholipid omega-3 (ALA [18 : 3], EPA [20 : 5], DPA [22 : 5], DHA [22 : 6]) and omega-6 (LA [18 : 2], AA [20 : 4]) PUFA with cognitive decline, risk of cognitive impairment and dementia among adults aged≥65 years in the Cardiovascular Health Study. METHODS Circulating fatty acid concentrations were measured serially at baseline (1992/1993), 6 years, and 13 years later. Cognitive decline and impairment were assessed using the 100-point Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MSE) up to 7 times. Clinical dementia was identified using adjudicated neuropsychological tests, and ICD-9 codes. RESULTS Among 3,564 older adults free of stroke and dementia at baseline, cognitive function declined annually by approximately -0.5 3MSE points; 507 participants developed cognitive impairment and 499 dementia over up to 23 years of follow-up. In multivariable models, higher circulating arachidonic acid (AA) concentrations were associated with slower cognitive decline and lower dementia risk, with associations growing stronger with greater length of follow-up (hazard ratio [HR,95% CI] of dementia per interquintile range, 0.74 [0.56-0.97] at 5 years, and 0.53 [0.37-0.77] at 15 years). Circulating docosapentaenoic (DPA) concentrations were associated with slower cognitive decline and lower risk of cognitive impairment (extreme-quintile HR, 0.72 [95% CI: 0.55, 0.95]). Findings were generally null or inconsistent for other omega-3 or omega-6 PUFA. CONCLUSION Circulating AA and DPA, but not other PUFA, are associated with slower rate of cognitive decline and lower risk of dementia or cognitive impairment later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia C de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jason H Y Wu
- The George Institute for Global Health and the Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Evan L Thacker
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Heidi Tsz Mung Lai
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nikhil Padhye
- Center for Nursing Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Nursing, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoling Song
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Irena B King
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Oscar Lopez
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburg School of Medicine, Pittsburg, PA, USA
| | | | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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30
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Borges MC, Haycock P, Zheng J, Hemani G, Howe LJ, Schmidt AF, Staley JR, Lumbers RT, Henry A, Lemaitre RN, Gaunt TR, Holmes MV, Davey Smith G, Hingorani AD, Lawlor DA. The impact of fatty acids biosynthesis on the risk of cardiovascular diseases in Europeans and East Asians: a Mendelian randomization study. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:4034-4054. [PMID: 35796550 PMCID: PMC9703943 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite early interest, the evidence linking fatty acids to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remains controversial. We used Mendelian randomization to explore the involvement of polyunsaturated (PUFA) and monounsaturated (MUFA) fatty acids biosynthesis in the etiology of several CVD endpoints in up to 1 153 768 European (maximum 123 668 cases) and 212 453 East Asian (maximum 29 319 cases) ancestry individuals. As instruments, we selected single nucleotide polymorphisms mapping to genes with well-known roles in PUFA (i.e. FADS1/2 and ELOVL2) and MUFA (i.e. SCD) biosynthesis. Our findings suggest that higher PUFA biosynthesis rate (proxied by rs174576 near FADS1/2) is related to higher odds of multiple CVDs, particularly ischemic stroke, peripheral artery disease and venous thromboembolism, whereas higher MUFA biosynthesis rate (proxied by rs603424 near SCD) is related to lower odds of coronary artery disease among Europeans. Results were unclear for East Asians as most effect estimates were imprecise. By triangulating multiple approaches (i.e. uni-/multi-variable Mendelian randomization, a phenome-wide scan, genetic colocalization and within-sibling analyses), our results are compatible with higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (and possibly glucose) being a downstream effect of higher PUFA biosynthesis rate. Our findings indicate that PUFA and MUFA biosynthesis are involved in the etiology of CVDs and suggest LDL cholesterol as a potential mediating trait between PUFA biosynthesis and CVDs risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Carolina Borges
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PN, UK
| | - Phillip Haycock
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PN, UK
| | - Jie Zheng
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PN, UK
| | - Gibran Hemani
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PN, UK
| | - Laurence J Howe
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PN, UK
| | - A Floriaan Schmidt
- Faculty of Population Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - James R Staley
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PN, UK
| | - R Thomas Lumbers
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London NW1 2DA, UK
- Health Data Research UK London, University College London NW1 2DA, UK
- UCL British Heart Foundation Research Accelerator, London NW1 2DA, UK
| | - Albert Henry
- Faculty of Population Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London NW1 2DA, UK
- UCL British Heart Foundation Research Accelerator, London NW1 2DA, UK
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA WA 98101, USA
| | - Tom R Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PN, UK
| | - Michael V Holmes
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Clinical Trial Service and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PN, UK
| | - Aroon D Hingorani
- Faculty of Population Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
- Health Data Research UK London, University College London NW1 2DA, UK
- UCL British Heart Foundation Research Accelerator, London NW1 2DA, UK
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PN, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
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Aliwarga T, Dinh JC, Heyward S, Prasad B, Gharib SA, Lemaitre RN, Sotoodehnia N, Totah RA. Cardiac Disease Alters Myocardial Tissue Levels of Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids and Key Proteins Involved in Their Biosynthesis and Degradation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012433. [PMID: 36293289 PMCID: PMC9604309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CYP2J2 is the main epoxygenase in the heart that is responsible for oxidizing arachidonic acid to cis-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). Once formed, EETs can then be hydrolyzed by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH, encoded by EPHX2) or re-esterified back to the membrane. EETs have several cardioprotective properties and higher levels are usually associated with better cardiac outcomes/prognosis. This study investigates how cardiovascular disease (CVD) can influence total EET levels by altering protein expression and activity of enzymes involved in their biosynthesis and degradation. Diseased ventricular cardiac tissues were collected from patients receiving Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) or heart transplants and compared to ventricular tissue from controls free of CVD. EETs, and enzymes involved in EETs biosynthesis and degradation, were measured using mass spectrometric assays. Terfenadine hydroxylation was used to probe CYP2J2 activity. Significantly higher cis- and trans-EET levels were observed in control cardiac tissue (n = 17) relative to diseased tissue (n = 24). Control cardiac tissue had higher CYP2J2 protein levels, which resulted in higher rate of terfenadine hydroxylation, compared to diseased cardiac tissues. In addition, levels of both NADPH-Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (POR) and sEH proteins were significantly higher in control versus diseased cardiac tissue. Overall, alterations in protein and activity of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis and degradation of EETs provide a mechanistic understanding for decreased EET levels in diseased tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Aliwarga
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | | | - Bhagwat Prasad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Sina A. Gharib
- Computational Medicinal Core, Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Rozenn N. Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Rheem A. Totah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-206-543-9481
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32
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Lemaitre RN, Jensen PN, Zeigler M, Fretts AM, Umans JG, Howard BV, Sitlani CM, McKnight B, Gharib SA, King IB, Siscovick DS, Psaty BM, Sotoodehnia N, Totah RA. Plasma epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and diabetes-related cardiovascular disease: The cardiovascular health study. EBioMedicine 2022; 83:104189. [PMID: 35930887 PMCID: PMC9356248 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are metabolites of arachidonic acid that may impact atherosclerosis, and animal experimental studies suggest EETs protect cardiac function. Plasma EETs are mostly esterified to phospholipids and part of an active pool. To address the limited information about EETs and CVD in humans, we conducted a prospective study of total plasma EETs (free + esterified) and diabetes-related CVD in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). Methods We measured 4 EET species and their metabolites, dihydroxyepoxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs), in plasma samples from 892 CHS participants with type 2 diabetes. We determined the association of EETs and DHETs with incident myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke using Cox regression. Findings During follow-up (median 7.5 years), we identified 150 MI and 134 ischemic strokes. In primary, multivariable analyses, elevated levels of each EET species were associated with non-significant lower risk of incident MI (for example, hazard ratio for 1 SD higher 14,15-EET: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.72–1.02; p=0.08). The EETs-MI associations became significant in analyses further adjusted for DHETs (hazard ratio for 1 SD higher 14,15-EET adjusted for 14,15-DHET: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63–0.91; p=0.004). Elevated EET levels were associated with higher risk of ischemic stroke in primary but not secondary analyses. Three DHET species were associated with higher risk of ischemic stroke in all analyses. Interpretation Findings from this prospective study complement the extensive studies in animal models showing EETs protect cardiac function and provide new information in humans. Replication is needed to confirm the associations. Funding US National Institutes of Health.
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33
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Young WJ, Lahrouchi N, Isaacs A, Duong T, Foco L, Ahmed F, Brody JA, Salman R, Noordam R, Benjamins JW, Haessler J, Lyytikäinen LP, Repetto L, Concas MP, van den Berg ME, Weiss S, Baldassari AR, Bartz TM, Cook JP, Evans DS, Freudling R, Hines O, Isaksen JL, Lin H, Mei H, Moscati A, Müller-Nurasyid M, Nursyifa C, Qian Y, Richmond A, Roselli C, Ryan KA, Tarazona-Santos E, Thériault S, van Duijvenboden S, Warren HR, Yao J, Raza D, Aeschbacher S, Ahlberg G, Alonso A, Andreasen L, Bis JC, Boerwinkle E, Campbell A, Catamo E, Cocca M, Cutler MJ, Darbar D, De Grandi A, De Luca A, Ding J, Ellervik C, Ellinor PT, Felix SB, Froguel P, Fuchsberger C, Gögele M, Graff C, Graff M, Guo X, Hansen T, Heckbert SR, Huang PL, Huikuri HV, Hutri-Kähönen N, Ikram MA, Jackson RD, Junttila J, Kavousi M, Kors JA, Leal TP, Lemaitre RN, Lin HJ, Lind L, Linneberg A, Liu S, MacFarlane PW, Mangino M, Meitinger T, Mezzavilla M, Mishra PP, Mitchell RN, Mononen N, Montasser ME, Morrison AC, Nauck M, Nauffal V, Navarro P, Nikus K, Pare G, Patton KK, Pelliccione G, Pittman A, Porteous DJ, Pramstaller PP, Preuss MH, Raitakari OT, Reiner AP, Ribeiro ALP, Rice KM, Risch L, Schlessinger D, Schotten U, Schurmann C, Shen X, Shoemaker MB, Sinagra G, Sinner MF, Soliman EZ, Stoll M, Strauch K, Tarasov K, Taylor KD, Tinker A, Trompet S, Uitterlinden A, Völker U, Völzke H, Waldenberger M, Weng LC, Whitsel EA, Wilson JG, Avery CL, Conen D, Correa A, Cucca F, Dörr M, Gharib SA, Girotto G, Grarup N, Hayward C, Jamshidi Y, Järvelin MR, Jukema JW, Kääb S, Kähönen M, Kanters JK, Kooperberg C, Lehtimäki T, Lima-Costa MF, Liu Y, Loos RJF, Lubitz SA, Mook-Kanamori DO, Morris AP, O'Connell JR, Olesen MS, Orini M, Padmanabhan S, Pattaro C, Peters A, Psaty BM, Rotter JI, Stricker B, van der Harst P, van Duijn CM, Verweij N, Wilson JF, Arking DE, Ramirez J, Lambiase PD, Sotoodehnia N, Mifsud B, Newton-Cheh C, Munroe PB. Genetic analyses of the electrocardiographic QT interval and its components identify additional loci and pathways. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5144. [PMID: 36050321 PMCID: PMC9436946 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32821-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The QT interval is an electrocardiographic measure representing the sum of ventricular depolarization and repolarization, estimated by QRS duration and JT interval, respectively. QT interval abnormalities are associated with potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmia. Using genome-wide multi-ancestry analyses (>250,000 individuals) we identify 177, 156 and 121 independent loci for QT, JT and QRS, respectively, including a male-specific X-chromosome locus. Using gene-based rare-variant methods, we identify associations with Mendelian disease genes. Enrichments are observed in established pathways for QT and JT, and previously unreported genes indicated in insulin-receptor signalling and cardiac energy metabolism. In contrast for QRS, connective tissue components and processes for cell growth and extracellular matrix interactions are significantly enriched. We demonstrate polygenic risk score associations with atrial fibrillation, conduction disease and sudden cardiac death. Prioritization of druggable genes highlight potential therapeutic targets for arrhythmia. Together, these results substantially advance our understanding of the genetic architecture of ventricular depolarization and repolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Young
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS trust, London, UK
| | - Najim Lahrouchi
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center, Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- Deptartment of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Maastricht Center for Systems Biology MaCSBio, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - ThuyVy Duong
- McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luisa Foco
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine affiliated with the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Farah Ahmed
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Reem Salman
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Walter Benjamins
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey Haessler
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Linda Repetto
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Marten E van den Berg
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Weiss
- DZHK German Centre for Cardiovascular Research; partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics; Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Antoine R Baldassari
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - James P Cook
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Daniel S Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center, Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Freudling
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Hines
- Genetics Research Centre, St George's University of London, London, UK
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jonas L Isaksen
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Honghuang Lin
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hao Mei
- Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Arden Moscati
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics IMBEI, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Casia Nursyifa
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yong Qian
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, US
| | - Anne Richmond
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Carolina Roselli
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eduardo Tarazona-Santos
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte/Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sébastien Thériault
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stefan van Duijvenboden
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of College London, London, UK
| | - Helen R Warren
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences/The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Dania Raza
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Stefanie Aeschbacher
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gustav Ahlberg
- Laboratory for Molecular Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Laura Andreasen
- Laboratory for Molecular Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Nine, Edinburgh Bioquarter, 9 Little France Road, Edinburgh, UK
- Health Data Research UK, University of Edinburgh, Nine, Edinburgh Bioquarter, 9 Little France Road, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eulalia Catamo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Michael J Cutler
- Intermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, UT, USA
| | - Dawood Darbar
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Alessandro De Grandi
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine affiliated with the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, ASUGI, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jun Ding
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, US
| | - Christina Ellervik
- Department of Data and Data Support, Region Zealand, 4180, Sorø, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Demoulas Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephan B Felix
- DZHK German Centre for Cardiovascular Research; partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B - Cardiology, Pneumology, Infectious Diseases, Intensive Care Medicine; University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- University of Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- CNRS UMR8199, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine affiliated with the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Martin Gögele
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine affiliated with the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Claus Graff
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences/The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics/Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology/University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul L Huang
- Cardiology Division and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Heikki V Huikuri
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Tampere Centre for Skills Training and Simulation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rebecca D Jackson
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Ohio State Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Juhani Junttila
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A Kors
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, NL, The Netherlands
| | - Thiago P Leal
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte/Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Henry J Lin
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences/The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics/Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lars Lind
- Deptartment of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simin Liu
- Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine and Surgery, Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - Peter W MacFarlane
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site: Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Massimo Mezzavilla
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Rebecca N Mitchell
- McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - May E Montasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK German Centre for Cardiovascular Research; partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Victor Nauffal
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pau Navarro
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Cardiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Guillaume Pare
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Kristen K Patton
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Giulia Pelliccione
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Alan Pittman
- Genetics Research Centre, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine affiliated with the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael H Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Alexander P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology/University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Antonio Luiz P Ribeiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Cardiology Service and Telehealth Center, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lorenz Risch
- Labormedizinisches zentrum Dr. Risch, Vaduz, Liechtenstein
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, University Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - David Schlessinger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, US
| | - Ulrich Schotten
- Deptartment of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xia Shen
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine Guangzhou, Fudan University, Nansha District, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Benjamin Shoemaker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Arrhythmia Section, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, ASUGI, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Moritz F Sinner
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site: Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Elsayed Z Soliman
- Epidemiological Cardiology Research Center EPICARE, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, USA
| | - Monika Stoll
- Maastricht Center for Systems Biology MaCSBio, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, NL, The Netherlands
- Institute of Human Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics IMBEI, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kirill Tarasov
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, US
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences/The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics/Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Tinker
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Internal Medicine, section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK German Centre for Cardiovascular Research; partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics; Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- DZHK German Centre for Cardiovascular Research; partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site: Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lu-Chen Weng
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric A Whitsel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - Christy L Avery
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - David Conen
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics and Population Health Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Rsearch, Italian National Research Council, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK German Centre for Cardiovascular Research; partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B - Cardiology, Pneumology, Infectious Diseases, Intensive Care Medicine; University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yalda Jamshidi
- Genetics Research Centre, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Kääb
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site: Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jørgen K Kanters
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven A Lubitz
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Demoulas Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Michele Orini
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS trust, London, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of College London, London, UK
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine affiliated with the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site: Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology/University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences/The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics/Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bruno Stricker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Division, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Julia Ramirez
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of College London, London, UK
| | - Pier D Lambiase
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS trust, London, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of College London, London, UK
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Borbala Mifsud
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Genomics and Translational Biomedicine, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Christopher Newton-Cheh
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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Wang M, Wang Z, Lee Y, Lai HTM, de Oliveira Otto MC, Lemaitre RN, Fretts A, Sotoodehnia N, Budoff M, DiDonato JA, McKnight B, Tang WHW, Psaty BM, Siscovick DS, Hazen SL, Mozaffarian D. Dietary Meat, Trimethylamine N-Oxide-Related Metabolites, and Incident Cardiovascular Disease Among Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:e273-e288. [PMID: 35912635 PMCID: PMC9420768 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effects of animal source foods (ASF) on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and underlying mechanisms remain controversial. We investigated prospective associations of different ASF with incident ASCVD and potential mediation by gut microbiota-generated trimethylamine N-oxide, its L-carnitine-derived intermediates γ-butyrobetaine and crotonobetaine, and traditional ASCVD risk pathways. METHODS Among 3931 participants from a community-based US cohort aged 65+ years, ASF intakes and trimethylamine N-oxide-related metabolites were measured serially over time. Incident ASCVD (myocardial infarction, fatal coronary heart disease, stroke, other atherosclerotic death) was adjudicated over 12.5 years median follow-up. Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying exposures and covariates examined ASF-ASCVD associations; and additive hazard models, mediation proportions by different risk pathways. RESULTS After multivariable-adjustment, higher intakes of unprocessed red meat, total meat, and total ASF associated with higher ASCVD risk, with hazard ratios (95% CI) per interquintile range of 1.15 (1.01-1.30), 1.22 (1.07-1.39), and 1.18 (1.03-1.34), respectively. Trimethylamine N-oxide-related metabolites together significantly mediated these associations, with mediation proportions (95% CI) of 10.6% (1.0-114.5), 7.8% (1.0-32.7), and 9.2% (2.2-44.5), respectively. Processed meat intake associated with a nonsignificant trend toward higher ASCVD (1.11 [0.98-1.25]); intakes of fish, poultry, and eggs were not significantly associated. Among other risk pathways, blood glucose, insulin, and C-reactive protein, but not blood pressure or blood cholesterol, each significantly mediated the total meat-ASCVD association. CONCLUSIONS In this large, community-based cohort, higher meat intake associated with incident ASCVD, partly mediated by microbiota-derived metabolites of L-carnitine, abundant in red meat. These novel findings support biochemical links between dietary meat, gut microbiome pathways, and ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Zeneng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Yongin, South Korea 17055
| | - Heidi TM Lai
- Imperial College London, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Marcia C. de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health, Houston, TX
| | - Rozenn N. Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Amanda Fretts
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Matthew Budoff
- Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Harbor UCLA Medical Center, CA
| | - Joseph A. DiDonato
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - W. H. Wilson Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Stanley L. Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA
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Jensen PN, Fretts AM, Hoofnagle AN, McKnight B, Howard BV, Umans JG, Sitlani CM, Siscovick DS, King IB, Sotoodehnia N, Lemaitre RN. Circulating ceramides and sphingomyelins and the risk of incident cardiovascular disease among people with diabetes: the strong heart study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:167. [PMID: 36042511 PMCID: PMC9429431 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01596-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma ceramides and sphingomyelins have been independently linked to diabetes risk, glucose and insulin levels, and the risk of several cardiovascular (CVD) outcomes. However, whether individual ceramide and sphingomyelin species contribute to CVD risk among people with type 2 diabetes is uncertain. Our goal was to evaluate associations of 4 ceramide and 4 sphingomyelin species with incident CVD in a longitudinal population-based study among American Indians with diabetes. METHODS This analysis included participants with prevalent type 2 diabetes from two cohorts: a prospective cohort of 597 participants in the Strong Heart Family Study (116 incident CVD cases; mean age: 49 years; average length of follow-up: 14 years), and a nested case-control sample of 267 participants in the Strong Heart Study (78 cases of CVD and 189 controls; mean age: 61 years; average time until incident CVD in cases: 3.8 years). The average onset of diabetes was 7 years prior to sphingolipid measurement. Sphingolipid species were measured using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Cox regression and logistic regression were used to assess associations of sphingolipid species with incident CVD; results were combined across cohorts using inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. RESULTS There were 194 cases of incident CVD in the two cohorts. In meta-analysis of the 2 cohort results, higher plasma levels of Cer-16 (ceramide with acylated palmitic acid) were associated with higher CVD risk (HR per two-fold higher Cer-16: 1.85; 95% CI 1.05-3.25), and higher plasma levels of sphingomyelin species with a very long chain saturated fatty acid were associated with lower CVD risk (HR per two-fold higher SM-22: 0.48; 95% CI 0.26-0.87), although none of the associations met our pre-specified threshold for statistical significance of p = 0.006. CONCLUSIONS While replication of the findings from the SHS in other populations is warranted, our findings add to a growing body of research suggesting that ceramides, in particular Cer-16, not only are associated with higher diabetes risk, but may also be associated with higher CVD risk after diabetes onset. We also find support for the hypothesis that sphingomyelins with a very long chain saturated fatty acid are associated with lower CVD risk among adults with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul N Jensen
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1360, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA. .,Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew N Hoofnagle
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Barbara V Howard
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA.,Georgetown and Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jason G Umans
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1360, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.,Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Irena B King
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1360, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.,Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1360, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.,Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Austin TR, McHugh CP, Brody JA, Bis JC, Sitlani CM, Bartz TM, Biggs ML, Bansal N, Buzkova P, Carr SA, deFilippi CR, Elkind MSV, Fink HA, Floyd JS, Fohner AE, Gerszten RE, Heckbert SR, Katz DH, Kizer JR, Lemaitre RN, Longstreth WT, McKnight B, Mei H, Mukamal KJ, Newman AB, Ngo D, Odden MC, Vasan RS, Shojaie A, Simon N, Smith GD, Davies NM, Siscovick DS, Sotoodehnia N, Tracy RP, Wiggins KL, Zheng J, Psaty BM. Proteomics and Population Biology in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS): design of a study with mentored access and active data sharing. Eur J Epidemiol 2022; 37:755-765. [PMID: 35790642 PMCID: PMC9255954 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-022-00888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decade, genomic studies have identified and replicated thousands of genetic associations with measures of health and disease and contributed to the understanding of the etiology of a variety of health conditions. Proteins are key biomarkers in clinical medicine and often drug-therapy targets. Like genomics, proteomics can advance our understanding of biology. METHODS AND RESULTS In the setting of the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), a cohort study of older adults, an aptamer-based method that has high sensitivity for low-abundance proteins was used to assay 4979 proteins in frozen, stored plasma from 3188 participants (61% women, mean age 74 years). CHS provides active support, including central analysis, for seven phenotype-specific working groups (WGs). Each CHS WG is led by one or two senior investigators and includes 10 to 20 early or mid-career scientists. In this setting of mentored access, the proteomic data and analytic methods are widely shared with the WGs and investigators so that they may evaluate associations between baseline levels of circulating proteins and the incidence of a variety of health outcomes in prospective cohort analyses. We describe the design of CHS, the CHS Proteomics Study, characteristics of participants, quality control measures, and structural characteristics of the data provided to CHS WGs. We additionally highlight plans for validation and replication of novel proteomic associations. CONCLUSION The CHS Proteomics Study offers an opportunity for collaborative data sharing to improve our understanding of the etiology of a variety of health conditions in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Austin
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | | | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary L Biggs
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nisha Bansal
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Petra Buzkova
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Howard A Fink
- Geriatric Research Education & Clinical Center, Minneapolis VA Healthcare System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James S Floyd
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alison E Fohner
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Institute of Public Health Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel H Katz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorge R Kizer
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Epidemology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - W T Longstreth
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hao Mei
- Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | | | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Debby Ngo
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michelle C Odden
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ali Shojaie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Noah Simon
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Neil M Davies
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norwegian, Norway.,Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, and Biochemistry, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Kerri L Wiggins
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jie Zheng
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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37
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Fretts AM, Hazen SL, Jensen P, Budoff M, Sitlani CM, Wang M, de Oliveira Otto MC, DiDonato JA, Lee Y, Psaty BM, Siscovick DS, Sotoodehnia N, Tang WHW, Lai H, Lemaitre RN, Mozaffarian D. Association of Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Metabolites With Mortality in Older Adults. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2213242. [PMID: 35594043 PMCID: PMC9123496 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Little is known about the association of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a novel plasma metabolite derived from L-carnitine and phosphatidylcholine, and related metabolites (ie, choline, betaine, carnitine, and butyrobetaine) with risk of death among older adults in the general population. OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations of serial measures of plasma TMAO and related metabolites with risk of total and cause-specific death (ie, deaths from cardiovascular diseases [CVDs] and non-CVDs) among older adults in the US. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective cohort study involved 5333 participants from the Cardiovascular Health Study-a community-based longitudinal cohort of adults aged 65 years or older-who were followed up from June 1, 1989, to December 31, 2015. Participants were from 4 communities in the US (Forsyth County, North Carolina; Sacramento County, California; Washington County, Maryland; and Allegheny County, Pennsylvania). Data were analyzed from March 17 to June 23, 2021. EXPOSURES Plasma TMAO, choline, betaine, carnitine, and butyrobetaine levels were measured using stored samples from baseline (June 1, 1989, to May 31, 1990, or November 1, 1992, to June 31, 1993) and follow-up examination (June 1, 1996, to May 31, 1997). Measurements were performed through stable-isotope dilution liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry using high-performance liquid chromatography with online electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Deaths (total and cause specific) were adjudicated by a centralized Cardiovascular Health Study events committee based on information from medical records, laboratory and diagnostic reports, death certificates, and/or interviews with next of kin. The associations of each metabolite with mortality were assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS Among 5333 participants in the analytic sample, the mean (SD) age was 73 (6) years; 2149 participants (40.3%) were male, 3184 (59.7%) were female, 848 (15.9%) were African American, 4450 (83.4%) were White, and 35 (0.01%) were of other races (12 were American Indian or Alaska Native, 4 were Asian or Pacific Islander, and 19 were of other races or ethnicities). During a median follow-up of 13.2 years (range, 0-26.9 years), 4791 deaths occurred. After adjustment for potential confounders, the hazard ratios for death from any cause (ie, total mortality) comparing extreme quintiles (fifth vs first) of plasma concentrations were 1.30 (95% CI, 1.17-1.44) for TMAO, 1.19 (95% CI, 1.08-1.32) for choline, 1.26 (95% CI, 1.15-1.40) for carnitine, and 1.26 (95% CI, 1.13-1.40) for butyrobetaine. Plasma betaine was not associated with risk of death. The extent of risk estimates was similar for CVD and non-CVD mortality. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study, plasma concentrations of TMAO and related metabolites were positively associated with risk of death. These findings suggest that circulating TMAO is an important novel risk factor associated with death among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M. Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Stanley L. Hazen
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Paul Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Matthew Budoff
- Lundquist Institute, Department of Medicine, Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Colleen M. Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Meng Wang
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marcia C. de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston
| | - Joseph A. DiDonato
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle
| | | | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - W. H. Wilson Tang
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Heidi Lai
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rozenn N. Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Lai HTM, Imamura F, Korat AVA, Murphy RA, Tintle N, Bassett JK, Chen J, Kröger J, Chien KL, Senn M, Wood AC, Forouhi NG, Schulze MB, Harris WS, Vasan RS, Hu F, Giles GG, Hodge A, Djousse L, Brouwer IA, Qian F, Sun Q, Wu JHY, Marklund M, Lemaitre RN, Siscovick DS, Fretts AM, Shadyab AH, Manson JE, Howard BV, Robinson JG, Wallace RB, Wareham NJ, Chen YDI, Rotter JI, Tsai MY, Micha R, Mozaffarian D. Trans Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Pooled Analysis of 12 Prospective Cohort Studies in the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium (FORCE). Diabetes Care 2022; 45:854-863. [PMID: 35142845 PMCID: PMC9114723 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-1756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Trans fatty acids (TFAs) have harmful biologic effects that could increase the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but evidence remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the prospective associations of TFA biomarkers and T2D by conducting an individual participant-level pooled analysis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included data from an international consortium of 12 prospective cohorts and nested case-control studies from six nations. TFA biomarkers were measured in blood collected between 1990 and 2008 from 25,126 participants aged ≥18 years without prevalent diabetes. Each cohort conducted de novo harmonized analyses using a prespecified protocol, and findings were pooled using inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was explored by prespecified between-study and within-study characteristics. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 13.5 years, 2,843 cases of incident T2D were identified. In multivariable-adjusted pooled analyses, no significant associations with T2D were identified for trans/trans-18:2, relative risk (RR) 1.09 (95% CI 0.94-1.25); cis/trans-18:2, 0.89 (0.73-1.07); and trans/cis-18:2, 0.87 (0.73-1.03). Trans-16:1n-9, total trans-18:1, and total trans-18:2 were inversely associated with T2D (RR 0.81 [95% CI 0.67-0.99], 0.86 [0.75-0.99], and 0.84 [0.74-0.96], respectively). Findings were not significantly different according to prespecified sources of potential heterogeneity (each P ≥ 0.1). CONCLUSIONS Circulating individual trans-18:2 TFA biomarkers were not associated with risk of T2D, while trans-16:1n-9, total trans-18:1, and total trans-18:2 were inversely associated. Findings may reflect the influence of mixed TFA sources (industrial vs. natural ruminant), a general decline in TFA exposure due to policy changes during this period, or the relatively limited range of TFA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi T M Lai
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA.,Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, U.K
| | - Fumiaki Imamura
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Andres V Ardisson Korat
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rachel A Murphy
- School of Population & Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nathan Tintle
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Dordt University, Sioux Center, IA.,Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD
| | - Julie K Bassett
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jiaying Chen
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Janine Kröger
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Kuo-Liong Chien
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Republic of China
| | - Mackenzie Senn
- U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Alexis C Wood
- U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - William S Harris
- Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD.,Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA.,The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
| | - Frank Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Allison Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luc Djousse
- Divisions of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ingeborg A Brouwer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Qian
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jason H Y Wu
- The George Institute for Global Health, the Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matti Marklund
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA.,The George Institute for Global Health, the Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Amanda M Fretts
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Barbara V Howard
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Hyattsville, MD
| | | | | | - Nick J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Renata Micha
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In contrast to other saturated fatty acids, very long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFAs) have received limited attention The purpose of this review is to summarize the associations of VLSFAs, including arachidic acid, behenic acid, and lignoceric acid, with cardiovascular disease outcomes and type 2 diabetes; to discuss the findings implications; and to call for future studies of the VLSFAs. RECENT FINDINGS Increased levels of circulating VLSFAs have been found associated with lower risks of incident heart failure, atrial fibrillation, coronary heart disease, mortality, sudden cardiac arrest, type 2 diabetes, and with better aging. The VLSFA associations are paralleled by associations of plasma ceramide and sphingomyelin species carrying a VLSFA with lower risks of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and mortality, suggesting VLSFAs affect the biological activity of ceramides and sphingomyelins thereby impacting health. For diabetes, there is no such parallel and the associations of VLSFAs with diabetes may be confounded or mediated by triglyceride and circulating palmitic acid, possible biomarkers of de novo lipogenesis. SUMMARY In many ways, the epidemiology has preceded our knowledge of VLSFAs biology. We hope this review will spur interest from the research community in further studying these potentially beneficial fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozenn N. Lemaitre
- University of Washington, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Seattle, Washington
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40
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Hindy G, Dornbos P, Chaffin MD, Liu DJ, Wang M, Selvaraj MS, Zhang D, Park J, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Antonacci-Fulton L, Ardissino D, Arnett DK, Aslibekyan S, Atzmon G, Ballantyne CM, Barajas-Olmos F, Barzilai N, Becker LC, Bielak LF, Bis JC, Blangero J, Boerwinkle E, Bonnycastle LL, Bottinger E, Bowden DW, Bown MJ, Brody JA, Broome JG, Burtt NP, Cade BE, Centeno-Cruz F, Chan E, Chang YC, Chen YDI, Cheng CY, Choi WJ, Chowdhury R, Contreras-Cubas C, Córdova EJ, Correa A, Cupples LA, Curran JE, Danesh J, de Vries PS, DeFronzo RA, Doddapaneni H, Duggirala R, Dutcher SK, Ellinor PT, Emery LS, Florez JC, Fornage M, Freedman BI, Fuster V, Garay-Sevilla ME, García-Ortiz H, Germer S, Gibbs RA, Gieger C, Glaser B, Gonzalez C, Gonzalez-Villalpando ME, Graff M, Graham SE, Grarup N, Groop LC, Guo X, Gupta N, Han S, Hanis CL, Hansen T, He J, Heard-Costa NL, Hung YJ, Hwang MY, Irvin MR, Islas-Andrade S, Jarvik GP, Kang HM, Kardia SLR, Kelly T, Kenny EE, Khan AT, Kim BJ, Kim RW, Kim YJ, Koistinen HA, Kooperberg C, Kuusisto J, Kwak SH, Laakso M, Lange LA, Lee J, Lee J, Lee S, Lehman DM, Lemaitre RN, Linneberg A, Liu J, Loos RJF, Lubitz SA, Lyssenko V, Ma RCW, Martin LW, Martínez-Hernández A, Mathias RA, McGarvey ST, McPherson R, Meigs JB, Meitinger T, Melander O, Mendoza-Caamal E, Metcalf GA, Mi X, Mohlke KL, Montasser ME, Moon JY, Moreno-Macías H, Morrison AC, Muzny DM, Nelson SC, Nilsson PM, O'Connell JR, Orho-Melander M, Orozco L, Palmer CNA, Palmer ND, Park CJ, Park KS, Pedersen O, Peralta JM, Peyser PA, Post WS, Preuss M, Psaty BM, Qi Q, Rao DC, Redline S, Reiner AP, Revilla-Monsalve C, Rich SS, Samani N, Schunkert H, Schurmann C, Seo D, Seo JS, Sim X, Sladek R, Small KS, So WY, Stilp AM, Tai ES, Tam CHT, Taylor KD, Teo YY, Thameem F, Tomlinson B, Tsai MY, Tuomi T, Tuomilehto J, Tusié-Luna T, Udler MS, van Dam RM, Vasan RS, Viaud Martinez KA, Wang FF, Wang X, Watkins H, Weeks DE, Wilson JG, Witte DR, Wong TY, Yanek LR, Kathiresan S, Rader DJ, Rotter JI, Boehnke M, McCarthy MI, Willer CJ, Natarajan P, Flannick JA, Khera AV, Peloso GM. Rare coding variants in 35 genes associate with circulating lipid levels-A multi-ancestry analysis of 170,000 exomes. Am J Hum Genet 2022; 109:81-96. [PMID: 34932938 PMCID: PMC8764201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Large-scale gene sequencing studies for complex traits have the potential to identify causal genes with therapeutic implications. We performed gene-based association testing of blood lipid levels with rare (minor allele frequency < 1%) predicted damaging coding variation by using sequence data from >170,000 individuals from multiple ancestries: 97,493 European, 30,025 South Asian, 16,507 African, 16,440 Hispanic/Latino, 10,420 East Asian, and 1,182 Samoan. We identified 35 genes associated with circulating lipid levels; some of these genes have not been previously associated with lipid levels when using rare coding variation from population-based samples. We prioritize 32 genes in array-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) loci based on aggregations of rare coding variants; three (EVI5, SH2B3, and PLIN1) had no prior association of rare coding variants with lipid levels. Most of our associated genes showed evidence of association among multiple ancestries. Finally, we observed an enrichment of gene-based associations for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol drug target genes and for genes closest to GWAS index single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Our results demonstrate that gene-based associations can be beneficial for drug target development and provide evidence that the gene closest to the array-based GWAS index SNP is often the functional gene for blood lipid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Hindy
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Population Medicine, Qatar University College of Medicine, QU Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Peter Dornbos
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark D Chaffin
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Dajiang J Liu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Minxian Wang
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Margaret Sunitha Selvaraj
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - David Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joseph Park
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Lucinda Antonacci-Fulton
- Department of Genetics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Diego Ardissino
- ASTC: Associazione per lo Studio Della Trombosi in Cardiologia, Pavia, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy; Universitˆ, degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Dean's Office, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Stella Aslibekyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Gil Atzmon
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; University of Haifa, Faculty of Natural Science, Haifa, Israel
| | - Christie M Ballantyne
- Houston Methodist Debakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Nir Barzilai
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 49109, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lori L Bonnycastle
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Erwin Bottinger
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Matthew J Bown
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Jai G Broome
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Noël P Burtt
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Brian E Cade
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Edmund Chan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Yi-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Won Jung Choi
- Psomagen, Inc. (formerly Macrogen USA), 1330 Piccard Drive Ste 103, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Rajiv Chowdhury
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Non-Communicable Disease Research, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA; NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Joanne E Curran
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
| | - John Danesh
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ralph A DeFronzo
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Harsha Doddapaneni
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ravindranath Duggirala
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
| | - Susan K Dutcher
- Department of Genetics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Leslie S Emery
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jose C Florez
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Diabetes Research Center (Diabetes Unit), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 770030, USA
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Valentin Fuster
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ma Eugenia Garay-Sevilla
- Department of Medical Science, Division of Health Science, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuanto, Mexico
| | | | | | - Richard A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Glaser
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Clicerio Gonzalez
- Unidad de Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pœblica, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Sarah E Graham
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Leif C Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden; Finnish Institute for Molecular Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Namrata Gupta
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Sohee Han
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Craig L Hanis
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Tulane University Translational Science Institute, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Nancy L Heard-Costa
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mi Yeong Hwang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, UAB, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sergio Islas-Andrade
- Dirección de Investigación, Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga," Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gail P Jarvik
- Departments of Medicine (Medical Genetics) and Genome Sciences, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hyun Min Kang
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 49109, USA
| | - Tanika Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Eimear E Kenny
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alyna T Khan
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryan W Kim
- Psomagen, Inc. (formerly Macrogen USA), 1330 Piccard Drive Ste 103, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; University of Helsinki and Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98103, USA
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Soo Heon Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jiwon Lee
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Juyoung Lee
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonwook Lee
- Psomagen, Inc. (formerly Macrogen USA), 1330 Piccard Drive Ste 103, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Donna M Lehman
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles R. Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Steven A Lubitz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden; University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lisa Warsinger Martin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | | | - Rasika A Mathias
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Stephen T McGarvey
- Department of Epidemiology and International Health Institute, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Ruth McPherson
- Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascuar Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - James B Meigs
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; General Medicine Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Deutsches Forschungszentrum fŸr Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Emergency and Internal Medicine, SkŒne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Ginger A Metcalf
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xuenan Mi
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - May E Montasser
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jee-Young Moon
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Donna M Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sarah C Nelson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Peter M Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | | | - Lorena Orozco
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, Division of Population Health and Genomics, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Cheol Joo Park
- Psomagen, Inc. (formerly Macrogen USA), 1330 Piccard Drive Ste 103, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Kyong Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Juan M Peralta
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 49109, USA
| | - Wendy S Post
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Michael Preuss
- Charles R. Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - D C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Nilesh Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische UniversitŠt München, Deutsches Zentrum fŸr Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, München, Germany
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Charles R. Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Daekwan Seo
- Psomagen, Inc. (formerly Macrogen USA), 1330 Piccard Drive Ste 103, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Jeong-Sun Seo
- Psomagen, Inc. (formerly Macrogen USA), 1330 Piccard Drive Ste 103, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Rob Sladek
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kerrin S Small
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Wing Yee So
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Adrienne M Stilp
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | - Claudia H T Tam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Yik Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Farook Thameem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Health Science Center, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Brian Tomlinson
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science & Technology, Macau, China
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Department of Endocrinology, Abdominal Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland; Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Teresa Tusié-Luna
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion, Mexico City, Mexico; Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/ Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miriam S Udler
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Diabetes Research Center (Diabetes Unit), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Departments of Medicine & Epidemiology, Boston University Schools of Medicine & Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Fei Fei Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Xuzhi Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniel E Weeks
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - James G Wilson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Verve Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jason A Flannick
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amit V Khera
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Gina M Peloso
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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de Oliveira Otto MC, Li XS, Wang Z, Siscovick DS, Newman AB, Lai HTM, Nemet I, Lee Y, Wang M, Fretts A, Lemaitre RN, Tang WW, Lopez O, Hazen SL, Mozaffarian D. Longitudinal Associations of Plasma TMAO and Related Metabolites with Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:1439-1452. [PMID: 36057823 PMCID: PMC9720755 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal studies suggest that gut microbiome metabolites such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) may influence cognitive function and dementia risk. However potential health effects of TMAO and related metabolites remain unclear. OBJECTIVE We examined prospective associations of TMAO, γ-butyrobetaine, crotonobetaine, carnitine, choline, and betaine with risk of cognitive impairment and dementia among older adults aged 65 years and older in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). METHODS TMAO and metabolites were measured in stored plasma specimens collected at baseline. Incident cognitive impairment was assessed using the 100-point Modified Mini-Mental State Examination administered serially up to 7 times. Clinical dementia was identified using neuropsychological tests adjudicated by CHS Cognition Study investigators, and by ICD-9 codes from linked Medicare data. Associations of each metabolite with cognitive outcomes were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Over a median of 13 years of follow-up, 529 cases of cognitive impairment, and 522 of dementia were identified. After multivariable adjustment for relevant risk factors, no associations were seen with TMAO, carnitine, choline, or betaine. In contrast, higher crotonobetaine was associated with 20-32% higher risk of cognitive impairment and dementia per interquintile range (IQR), while γ-butyrobetaine was associated with ∼25% lower risk of the same cognitive outcomes per IQR.∥Conclusion:These findings suggest that γ-butyrobetaine, crotonobetaine, two gut microbe and host metabolites, are associated with risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. Our results indicate a need for mechanistic studies evaluating potential effects of these metabolites, and their interconversion on brain health, especially later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia C de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX
| | - Xinmin S. Li
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA,Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Zeneng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA,Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburg, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania
| | - Heidi Tsz Mung Lai
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy. Tufts University, Boston, MA,Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ina Nemet
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA,Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yujin Lee
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy. Tufts University, Boston, MA,Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Korea
| | - Meng Wang
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy. Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Amanda Fretts
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Rozenn N. Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - W.H. Wilson. Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA,Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Oscar Lopez
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburg School of Medicine Pittsburg, PA
| | - Stanley L. Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA,Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy. Tufts University, Boston, MA
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Longchamps RJ, Yang SY, Castellani CA, Shi W, Lane J, Grove ML, Bartz TM, Sarnowski C, Liu C, Burrows K, Guyatt AL, Gaunt TR, Kacprowski T, Yang J, De Jager PL, Yu L, Bergman A, Xia R, Fornage M, Feitosa MF, Wojczynski MK, Kraja AT, Province MA, Amin N, Rivadeneira F, Tiemeier H, Uitterlinden AG, Broer L, Van Meurs JBJ, Van Duijn CM, Raffield LM, Lange L, Rich SS, Lemaitre RN, Goodarzi MO, Sitlani CM, Mak ACY, Bennett DA, Rodriguez S, Murabito JM, Lunetta KL, Sotoodehnia N, Atzmon G, Ye K, Barzilai N, Brody JA, Psaty BM, Taylor KD, Rotter JI, Boerwinkle E, Pankratz N, Arking DE. Genome-wide analysis of mitochondrial DNA copy number reveals loci implicated in nucleotide metabolism, platelet activation, and megakaryocyte proliferation. Hum Genet 2022; 141:127-146. [PMID: 34859289 PMCID: PMC8758627 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02394-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) measured from blood specimens is a minimally invasive marker of mitochondrial function that exhibits both inter-individual and intercellular variation. To identify genes involved in regulating mitochondrial function, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 465,809 White individuals from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium and the UK Biobank (UKB). We identified 133 SNPs with statistically significant, independent effects associated with mtDNA-CN across 100 loci. A combination of fine-mapping, variant annotation, and co-localization analyses was used to prioritize genes within each of the 133 independent sites. Putative causal genes were enriched for known mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes (p = 3.09 × 10-15) and the gene ontology (GO) terms for mtDNA metabolism (p = 1.43 × 10-8) and mtDNA replication (p = 1.2 × 10-7). A clustering approach leveraged pleiotropy between mtDNA-CN associated SNPs and 41 mtDNA-CN associated phenotypes to identify functional domains, revealing three distinct groups, including platelet activation, megakaryocyte proliferation, and mtDNA metabolism. Finally, using mitochondrial SNPs, we establish causal relationships between mitochondrial function and a variety of blood cell-related traits, kidney function, liver function and overall (p = 0.044) and non-cancer mortality (p = 6.56 × 10-4).
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Longchamps
- Department of Genetic Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Y Yang
- Department of Genetic Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C A Castellani
- Department of Genetic Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - W Shi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Lane
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - M L Grove
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - T M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine and Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - C Sarnowski
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K Burrows
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, UK
| | - A L Guyatt
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, UK
| | - T R Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, UK
| | - T Kacprowski
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Data Science in Biomedicine, Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics, TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, Brunswick, Germany
| | - J Yang
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center and Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - P L De Jager
- Center for Translational and Systems Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - L Yu
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center and Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Bergman
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - R Xia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA
| | - M F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - M K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - A T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - M A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - N Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T.H. School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - A G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J B J Van Meurs
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C M Van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - L Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - S S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - R N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C M Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - A C Y Mak
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - D A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center and Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S Rodriguez
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, UK
| | - J M Murabito
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K L Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - G Atzmon
- Department of Natural Science, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - K Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - N Barzilai
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - J A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - B M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - K D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - J I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - E Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Baylor College of Medicine, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - N Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - D E Arking
- Department of Genetic Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Murphy RA, Tintle N, Harris WS, Darvishian M, Marklund M, Virtanen JK, Hantunen S, de Mello VD, Tuomilehto J, Lindström J, Bolt MA, Brouwer IA, Wood AC, Senn M, Redline S, Tsai MY, Gudnason V, Eiriksdottir G, Lindberg E, Shadyab AH, Liu B, Carnethon M, Uusitupa M, Djousse L, Risérus U, Lind L, van Dam RM, Koh WP, Shi P, Siscovick D, Lemaitre RN, Mozaffarian D. PUFA ω-3 and ω-6 biomarkers and sleep: a pooled analysis of cohort studies on behalf of the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium (FORCE). Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 115:864-876. [PMID: 34918026 PMCID: PMC8895226 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND n-3 and n-6 PUFAs have physiologic roles in sleep processes, but little is known regarding circulating n-3 and n-6 PUFA and sleep parameters. OBJECTIVES We sought to assess associations between biomarkers of n-3 and n-6 PUFA intake with self-reported sleep duration and difficulty falling sleeping in the Fatty Acids and Outcome Research Consortium. METHODS Harmonized, de novo, individual-level analyses were performed and pooled across 12 cohorts. Participants were 35-96 y old and from 5 nations. Circulating measures included α-linolenic acid (ALA), EPA, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), DHA, EPA + DPA + DHA, linoleic acid, and arachidonic acid. Sleep duration (10 cohorts, n = 18,791) was categorized as short (≤6 h), 7-8 h (reference), or long (≥9 h). Difficulty falling asleep (8 cohorts, n = 12,500) was categorized as yes or no. Associations between PUFAs, sleep duration, and difficulty falling sleeping were assessed by cross-sectional multinomial logistic regression using standardized protocols and covariates. Cohort-specific multivariable-adjusted ORs per quintile of PUFAs were pooled with inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. RESULTS In pooled analysis adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and health status, participants with higher very long-chain n-3 PUFAs were less likely to have long sleep duration. In the top compared with the bottom quintiles, the multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for long sleep were 0.78 (95% CI: 0.65, 0.95) for DHA and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.93) for EPA + DPA + DHA. Significant associations for ALA and n-6 PUFA with short sleep duration or difficulty falling sleeping were not identified. CONCLUSIONS Participants with higher concentrations of very long-chain n-3 PUFAs were less likely to have long sleep duration. While objective biomarkers reduce recall bias and misclassification, the cross-sectional design limits assessment of the temporal nature of this relation. These novel findings across 12 cohorts highlight the need for experimental and biological assessments of very long-chain n-3 PUFAs and sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan Tintle
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Dordt College, Sioux Center, IA, USA,Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - William S Harris
- Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | | | - Matti Marklund
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala, Sweden,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jyrki K Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sari Hantunen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vanessa D de Mello
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland,National School of Public Health, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Matthew A Bolt
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Dordt College, Sioux Center, IA, USA
| | - Ingeborg A Brouwer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Amersterdam Public Health Research Institute, De Boelelaan, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alexis C Wood
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mackenzie Senn
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Eva Lindberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Buyun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mercedes Carnethon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Luc Djousse
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A *STAR), Singapore
| | - Peilin Shi
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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44
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Fretts AM, Jensen PN, Hoofnagle AN, McKnight B, Sitlani CM, Siscovick DS, King IB, Psaty BM, Sotoodehnia N, Lemaitre RN. Circulating Ceramides and Sphingomyelins and Risk of Mortality: The Cardiovascular Health Study. Clin Chem 2021; 67:1650-1659. [PMID: 34580702 PMCID: PMC8634404 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvab182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest that associations of ceramides (Cer) and sphingomyelins (SM) with health outcomes differ according to the fatty acid acylated to the sphingoid backbone. The purpose of this study was to assess associations of Cer and SM species with mortality. METHODS The study population included participants from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), a community-based cohort of adults aged ≥65 years who were followed from 1992-2015 (n = 4612). Associations of plasma Cer and SM species carrying long-chain (i.e., 16:0) and very-long-chain (i.e., 20:0, 22:0, 24:0) saturated fatty acids with mortality were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 10.2 years, 4099 deaths occurred. High concentrations of Cer and SM carrying fatty acid 16:0 were each associated with an increased risk of mortality. Conversely, high concentrations of several ceramide and sphingomyelin species carrying longer fatty acids were each associated with a decreased risk of mortality. The hazard ratios for total mortality per 2-fold difference in each Cer and SM species were: 1.89 (95% CI), 1.65-2.17 for Cer-16, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.70-0.88) for Cer-22, 0.74 (95% CI, 0.65-0.84) for Cer-24, 2.51 (95% CI, 2.01-3.14) for SM-16, 0.68 (95% CI, 0.58-0.79) for SM-20, 0.57 (95% CI, 0.49-0.67) for SM-22, and 0.66 (0.57-0.75) for SM-24. We found no association of Cer-20 with risk of death. CONCLUSIONS Associations of Cer and SM with the risk of death differ according to the length of their acylated saturated fatty acid. Future studies are needed to explore mechanisms underlying these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Paul N Jensen
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Andrew N Hoofnagle
- Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Irena B King
- Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Medicine , University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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45
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Fretts AM, Jensen PN, Hoofnagle AN, McKnight B, Howard BV, Umans J, Sitlani CM, Siscovick DS, King IB, Djousse L, Sotoodehnia N, Lemaitre RN. Plasma Ceramides containing Saturated Fatty Acids are Associated with Risk of Type 2 Diabetes. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100119. [PMID: 34555371 PMCID: PMC8517199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that the type of saturated fatty acid bound to sphingolipids influences the biological activity of those sphingolipids. However, it is unknown whether associations of sphingolipids with diabetes may differ by the identity of bound lipid species. Here, we investigated associations of 15 ceramide (Cer) and SM species (i.e., all sphingolipids, measured with coefficient of variation less than 20%) with incident type 2 diabetes in the Cardiovascular Health Study (n = 3,645), a large cohort study of cardiovascular disease among elderly adults who were followed from 1989 to 2015. Diabetes incidence was defined as fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dl or nonfasting glucose ≥200 mg/dl; reported use of insulin or oral hypoglycemic medication; or documentation of diabetes diagnosis through the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services records. Associations of each sphingolipid with incident diabetes were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. We found that higher circulating levels of Cer with acylated palmitic acid (Cer-16), stearic acid containing Cer (Cer-18), arachidic acid containing Cer (Cer-20), and behenic acid containing Cer (Cer-22) were each associated with a higher risk of diabetes. The hazard ratios for incident diabetes per 1 SD higher log levels of each Cer species were as follows: 1.21 (95% CI: 1.09–1.34) for Cer-16, 1.23 (95% CI: 1.10–1.37) for Cer-18, 1.14 (95% CI: 1.02–1.26) for Cer-20, and 1.18 (95% CI: 1.06–1.32) for Cer-22. In conclusion, higher levels of Cer-16, Cer-18, Cer-20, and Cer-22 were associated with a higher risk of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Fretts
- University of Washington Departments of Epidemiology, 1410 NE Campus Parkway, Seattle WA, 98105 USA; University of Washington Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, 1730 Minor Ave #1360 Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
| | - Paul N Jensen
- University of Washington Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, 1730 Minor Ave #1360 Seattle, WA 98101 USA; Medicine, 1410 NE Campus Parkway, Seattle WA, 98105 USA
| | - Andrew N Hoofnagle
- Medicine, 1410 NE Campus Parkway, Seattle WA, 98105 USA; Laboratory Medicine, 1410 NE Campus Parkway, Seattle WA, 98105 USA
| | - Barbara McKnight
- University of Washington Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, 1730 Minor Ave #1360 Seattle, WA 98101 USA; Biostatistics, 1410 NE Campus Parkway, Seattle WA, 98105 USA
| | - Barbara V Howard
- MedStar Health Research Institute, 6525 Belcrest Rd #700c, Hyattsville, MD, 20782 USA; Georgetown and Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, 4000 Reservoir Road NW Washington DC 20057 USA
| | - Jason Umans
- MedStar Health Research Institute, 6525 Belcrest Rd #700c, Hyattsville, MD, 20782 USA
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- University of Washington Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, 1730 Minor Ave #1360 Seattle, WA 98101 USA; Medicine, 1410 NE Campus Parkway, Seattle WA, 98105 USA
| | | | - Irena B King
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, 915 Camino de Salud NE Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA
| | - Luc Djousse
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St,Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- University of Washington Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, 1730 Minor Ave #1360 Seattle, WA 98101 USA; Medicine, 1410 NE Campus Parkway, Seattle WA, 98105 USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- University of Washington Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, 1730 Minor Ave #1360 Seattle, WA 98101 USA; Medicine, 1410 NE Campus Parkway, Seattle WA, 98105 USA
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46
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Lee Y, Nemet I, Wang Z, Lai HTM, de Oliveira Otto MC, Lemaitre RN, Fretts AM, Sotoodehnia N, Budoff M, DiDonato JA, McKnight B, Tang WHW, Psaty BM, Siscovick DS, Hazen SL, Mozaffarian D. Longitudinal Plasma Measures of Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Events in Community-Based Older Adults. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020646. [PMID: 34398665 PMCID: PMC8649305 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.020646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Trimethylamine N‐oxide (TMAO) is a gut microbiota‐dependent metabolite of dietary choline, L‐carnitine, and phosphatidylcholine‐rich foods. On the basis of experimental studies and patients with prevalent disease, elevated plasma TMAO may increase risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). TMAO is also renally cleared and may interact with and causally contribute to renal dysfunction. Yet, how serial TMAO levels relate to incident and recurrent ASCVD in community‐based populations and the potential mediating or modifying role of renal function are not established. Methods and Results We investigated associations of serial measures of plasma TMAO, assessed at baseline and 7 years, with incident and recurrent ASCVD in a community‐based cohort of 4131 (incident) and 1449 (recurrent) older US adults. TMAO was measured using stable isotope dilution liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (laboratory coefficient of variation, <6%). Incident ASCVD (myocardial infarction, fatal coronary heart disease, stroke, sudden cardiac death, or other atherosclerotic death) was centrally adjudicated using medical records. Risk was assessed by multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression, including time‐varying demographics, lifestyle factors, medical history, laboratory measures, and dietary habits. Potential mediating effects and interaction by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were assessed. During prospective follow‐up, 1766 incident and 897 recurrent ASCVD events occurred. After multivariable adjustment, higher levels of TMAO were associated with a higher risk of incident ASCVD, with extreme quintile hazard ratio (HR) compared with the lowest quintile=1.21 (95% CI, 1.02–1.42; P‐trend=0.029). This relationship appeared mediated or confounded by eGFR (eGFR‐adjusted HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.90–1.27), as well as modified by eGFR (P‐interaction <0.001). High levels of TMAO were associated with higher incidence of ASCVD in the presence of impaired renal function (eGFR <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2: HR, 1.56 [95% CI, 1.13–2.14]; P‐trend=0.007), but not normal or mildly reduced renal function (eGFR ≥60 mL/min per 1.73 m2: HR, 1.03 [95% CI, 0.85–1.25]; P‐trend=0.668). Among individuals with prior ASCVD, TMAO associated with higher risk of recurrent ASCVD (HR, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.01–1.56]; P‐trend=0.009), without significant modification by eGFR. Conclusions In this large community‐based cohort of older US adults, serial measures of TMAO were associated with higher risk of incident ASCVD, with apparent modification by presence of impaired renal function and with higher risk of recurrent ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition Myongji University Yongin Korea.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy Tufts University Boston MA
| | - Ina Nemet
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Cleveland OH.,Center for Microbiome and Human Health Cleveland OH
| | - Zeneng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Cleveland OH.,Center for Microbiome and Human Health Cleveland OH
| | - Heidi T M Lai
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health Imperial College London London UK
| | - Marcia C de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences School of Public Health The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) Houston TX
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular Health Research UnitUniversity of Washington Seattle WA
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular Health Research UnitUniversity of Washington Seattle WA.,Department of Epidemiology University of Washington Seattle WA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular Health Research UnitUniversity of Washington Seattle WA.,Department of Epidemiology University of Washington Seattle WA
| | - Matthew Budoff
- Department of Medicine Lundquist InstituteHarbor UCLA Medical Center Torrance CA
| | - Joseph A DiDonato
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Cleveland OH.,Center for Microbiome and Human Health Cleveland OH
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular Health Research UnitUniversity of Washington Seattle WA.,Department of Biostatistics University of Washington Seattle WA
| | - W H Wilson Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Cleveland OH.,Center for Microbiome and Human Health Cleveland OH.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Heart Vascular & Thoracic InstituteCleveland Clinic Cleveland OH
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Medicine Cardiovascular Health Research UnitUniversity of Washington Seattle WA.,Department of Epidemiology University of Washington Seattle WA.,Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute Seattle WA
| | | | - Stanley L Hazen
- Center for Microbiome and Human Health Cleveland OH.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Heart Vascular & Thoracic InstituteCleveland Clinic Cleveland OH
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47
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Bockus LB, Biggs ML, Lai HTM, de Olivera Otto MC, Fretts AM, McKnight B, Sotoodehnia N, King IB, Song X, Siscovick DS, Mozaffarian D, Lemaitre RN. Assessment of Plasma Phospholipid Very-Long-Chain Saturated Fatty Acid Levels and Healthy Aging. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2120616. [PMID: 34383061 PMCID: PMC8571866 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.20616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Identifying novel factors that protect against age-related diseases and promote healthy aging is critical to public health. Higher levels of circulating very-long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFAs) are integrated biomarkers of diet and metabolism shown to have beneficial associations in cardiovascular disease and total mortality, but whether they are associated with overall healthy aging is unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of circulating levels of 3 VLSFAs with unhealthy aging events, including incident chronic disease (cardiovascular disease, cancer, lung disease or severe kidney disease), physical dysfunction, and cognitive decline. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study used 1992 to 2014 data from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). The CHS is a multicenter, population-based study of cardiovascular disease among older adults. Among the 4559 CHS participants with available fatty acid data, 1879 participants who had an age-related event before their first measurement were excluded. Data analysis was performed in 2020. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Plasma phospholipid VLSFA levels were measured by thin-layer chromatography followed by gas chromatography. The main outcome was the hazard ratio (HR) of an incident unhealthy aging event associated with serial measures of plasma arachidic acid, behenic acid, and lignoceric acid. RESULTS Among the 2680 study participants (976 men [36.4%]), the mean (SD) age was 74.7 (4.8) years old at entry. During a median (interquartile range) of 6.4 (2.9-12.9) years of follow-up, 2484 participants experienced an unhealthy event. Compared with the lowest quintile, levels of behenic acid in the highest quintile of the fatty acid distribution were associated with 15% lower risk of an unhealthy event (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74-0.97; P for trend = .01) after adjustment for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and clinical conditions. In analogous comparisons, levels of lignoceric acid were similarly associated with 16% lower risk of an unhealthy event (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73-0.95; P for trend = .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that higher levels of circulating behenic acid and lignoceric acid are associated with lower risk of unhealthy aging events. These results highlight the need to explore determinants of circulating VLSFAs for potential novel efforts to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee B Bockus
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Mary L Biggs
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Heidi T M Lai
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marcia C de Olivera Otto
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Irena B King
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque
| | - Xiaoling Song
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - David S Siscovick
- Division of Research, New York Academy of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
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48
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Lemaitre RN, Jensen PN, Wang Z, Fretts AM, McKnight B, Nemet I, Biggs ML, Sotoodehnia N, de Oliveira Otto MC, Psaty BM, Siscovick DS, Hazen SL, Mozaffarian D. Association of Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Related Metabolites in Plasma and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: The Cardiovascular Health Study. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2122844. [PMID: 34448864 PMCID: PMC8397925 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although rodent studies suggest that trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) influences glucose homeostasis and risk of type 2 diabetes, evidence in humans is limited. OBJECTIVE To examine the associations of serial measures of plasma TMAO and related metabolite concentrations with incident type 2 diabetes, fasting plasma insulin and glucose levels, and the Gutt insulin sensitivity index (ISI). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective cohort design assessed the association of plasma TMAO and related metabolite concentrations with diabetes outcome, whereas a cross-sectional design assessed the association with insulin and glucose levels and Gutt ISI. The participants were a cohort of older US adults from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). Data from June 1989 to May 1990, from November 1992 to June 1993, and from June 1995 to June 1997 were included, with follow-up through June 2010. Levels of TMAO and related metabolites were measured in CHS plasma samples. Data were analyzed from July 2019 to September 2020. EXPOSURES Plasma concentrations of TMAO, carnitine, betaine, choline, crotonobetaine, and γ-butyrobetaine, measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Linear regression for associations of TMAO and related metabolites with insulin and glucose levels and Gutt ISI, and proportional hazards regression for associations with diabetes. RESULTS The study included 4442 participants without diabetes at baseline (mean [SD] age, 73 [6] years at entry; 2710 [61%] women). In multivariable analyses, plasma TMAO, carnitine, crotonobetaine, and γ-butyrobetaine concentrations were positively associated with fasting insulin level (insulin mean geometric ratio comparing fifth with first quintiles of metabolite concentration: 1.07 [95% CI, 1.04-1.10] for TMAO; 1.07 [95% CI, 1.03-1.10] for carnitine; 1.05 [95% CI, 1.02-1.08] for crotonobetaine; and 1.06 [95% CI, 1.02-1.09] for γ-butyrobetaine). In contrast, betaine and choline concentrations were associated with greater insulin sensitivity (mean difference in Gutt ISI comparing fifth with first quintiles: 6.46 [95% CI, 4.32-8.60] and 2.27 [95% CI, 0.16-4.38], respectively). Incident diabetes was identified in 661 participants during a median 12.1 (interquartile range, 6.9-17.1) years of follow-up. In multivariable analyses, TMAO and metabolites were not significantly associated with type 2 diabetes risk (hazard ratios of diabetes comparing fifth with first quintile: 1.20 [95% CI, 0.94-1.55] for TMAO; 0.96 [95% CI, 0.74-1.24] for choline; 0.88 [95% CI, 0.67-1.15] for betaine; 1.07 [95% CI, 0.83-1.37] for carnitine; 0.79 [95% CI, 0.60-1.04] for γ-butyrobetaine; and 1.06 [95% CI, 0.83-1.35] for crotonobetaine). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Plasma TMAO and related metabolites were not significantly associated with type 2 diabetes among older adults. The metabolites TMAO, carnitine, γ-butyrobetaine, and crotonobetaine may be associated with insulin resistance, and betaine and choline may be associated with greater insulin sensitivity, but temporality of the associations was not established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozenn N. Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Paul N. Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Zeneng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | | | - Ina Nemet
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mary L. Biggs
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Marcia C. de Oliveira Otto
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle
| | | | - Stanley L. Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
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49
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Haslam DE, Peloso GM, Guirette M, Imamura F, Bartz TM, Pitsillides AN, Wang CA, Li-Gao R, Westra JM, Pitkänen N, Young KL, Graff M, Wood AC, Braun KVE, Luan J, Kähönen M, Kiefte-de Jong JC, Ghanbari M, Tintle N, Lemaitre RN, Mook-Kanamori DO, North K, Helminen M, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Snetselaar L, Martin LW, Viikari JS, Oddy WH, Pennell CE, Rosendall FR, Ikram MA, Uitterlinden AG, Psaty BM, Mozaffarian D, Rotter JI, Taylor KD, Lehtimäki T, Raitakari OT, Livingston KA, Voortman T, Forouhi NG, Wareham NJ, de Mutsert R, Rich SS, Manson JE, Mora S, Ridker PM, Merino J, Meigs JB, Dashti HS, Chasman DI, Lichtenstein AH, Smith CE, Dupuis J, Herman MA, McKeown NM. Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption May Modify Associations Between Genetic Variants in the CHREBP (Carbohydrate Responsive Element Binding Protein) Locus and HDL-C (High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol) and Triglyceride Concentrations. Circ Genom Precis Med 2021; 14:e003288. [PMID: 34270325 PMCID: PMC8373451 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.120.003288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: ChREBP (carbohydrate responsive element binding protein) is a transcription factor that responds to sugar consumption. Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and genetic variants in the CHREBP locus have separately been linked to HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and triglyceride concentrations. We hypothesized that SSB consumption would modify the association between genetic variants in the CHREBP locus and dyslipidemia. Methods: Data from 11 cohorts from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium (N=63 599) and the UK Biobank (N=59 220) were used to quantify associations of SSB consumption, genetic variants, and their interaction on HDL-C and triglyceride concentrations using linear regression models. A total of 1606 single nucleotide polymorphisms within or near CHREBP were considered. SSB consumption was estimated from validated questionnaires, and participants were grouped by their estimated intake. Results: In a meta-analysis, rs71556729 was significantly associated with higher HDL-C concentrations only among the highest SSB consumers (β, 2.12 [95% CI, 1.16–3.07] mg/dL per allele; P<0.0001), but not significantly among the lowest SSB consumers (P=0.81; PDiff <0.0001). Similar results were observed for 2 additional variants (rs35709627 and rs71556736). For triglyceride, rs55673514 was positively associated with triglyceride concentrations only among the highest SSB consumers (β, 0.06 [95% CI, 0.02–0.09] ln-mg/dL per allele, P=0.001) but not the lowest SSB consumers (P=0.84; PDiff=0.0005). Conclusions: Our results identified genetic variants in the CHREBP locus that may protect against SSB-associated reductions in HDL-C and other variants that may exacerbate SSB-associated increases in triglyceride concentrations. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT00005133, NCT00005121, NCT00005487, and NCT00000479.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E Haslam
- Nutritional Epidemiology Program (D.E.H., M. Guirette, K.A.L., N.M.M.), Tufts University, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine (D.E.H., J.E.M.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Nutrition (D.E.H.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Gina M Peloso
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (G.M.P., A.N.P., J.D.)
| | - Melanie Guirette
- Nutritional Epidemiology Program (D.E.H., M. Guirette, K.A.L., N.M.M.), Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Fumiaki Imamura
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (F.I., J.L., N.G.F., N.J.W.)
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Biostatistics (T.M.B.), University of Washington, Seattle.,Department of Medicine (T.M.B., R.N.L., B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Achilleas N Pitsillides
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (G.M.P., A.N.P., J.D.)
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia (C.A.W., C.E.P.)
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology (R.L.G., D.O.M.-K., F.R.R., R.dM.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | | | - Niina Pitkänen
- Auria Biobank (N.P.), University of Turku, Finland.,Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (N.P., O.T.R.), University of Turku, Finland
| | - Kristin L Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health (K.L.Y., M. Graff, K.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health (K.L.Y., M. Graff, K.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Alexis C Wood
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.C.W.)
| | - Kim V E Braun
- Department of Epidemiology (K.V.E.B., J.C.K.-d.J., M. Ghanbari, M.A.I.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jian'an Luan
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (F.I., J.L., N.G.F., N.J.W.)
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology (M.K.), Tampere University Hospital, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology (M.K.), Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland
| | - Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care (J.C.L.d.J., D.O.M.-K.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology (K.V.E.B., J.C.K.-d.J., M. Ghanbari, M.A.I.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology (K.V.E.B., J.C.K.-d.J., M. Ghanbari, M.A.I.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Department of Medicine (T.M.B., R.N.L., B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology (R.L.G., D.O.M.-K., F.R.R., R.dM.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care (J.C.L.d.J., D.O.M.-K.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Kari North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health (K.L.Y., M. Graff, K.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.,Carolina Center for Genome Science (K.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Mika Helminen
- Research Development and Innovation Centre (M.H.), Tampere University Hospital, Finland.,Faculty of Social Sciences, Health Sciences, Tampere University, Finland (M.H.)
| | - Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (Y.M.-R.)
| | - Linda Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City (L.S.)
| | - Lisa W Martin
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, D.C. (L.W.M.)
| | - Jorma S Viikari
- Department of Medicine (J.S.V.), University of Turku, Finland.,Division of Medicine (J.S.V.), Turku University Hospital, Finland
| | - Wendy H Oddy
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, HOB, Australia (W.H.O.)
| | - Craig E Pennell
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory (C.E.S.), Tufts University, Boston, MA.,School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia (C.A.W., C.E.P.)
| | - Frits R Rosendall
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology (R.L.G., D.O.M.-K., F.R.R., R.dM.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology (K.V.E.B., J.C.K.-d.J., M. Ghanbari, M.A.I.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine (A.G.U.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Medicine (T.M.B., R.N.L., B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle.,Departments of Epidemiology and Health Services (B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle.,Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.)
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, and Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy (D.M.), Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (J.I.R., K.D.T.)
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (J.I.R., K.D.T.)
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry (T.L.), Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland (T.L.)
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (N.P., O.T.R.), University of Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research (O.T.R.), University of Turku, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine (O.T.R.), Turku University Hospital, Finland
| | - Kara A Livingston
- Nutritional Epidemiology Program (D.E.H., M. Guirette, K.A.L., N.M.M.), Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | | | - Nita G Forouhi
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (F.I., J.L., N.G.F., N.J.W.)
| | - Nick J Wareham
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (F.I., J.L., N.G.F., N.J.W.)
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology (R.L.G., D.O.M.-K., F.R.R., R.dM.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Steven S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics and Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (S.S.R.)
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Channing Division of Network Medicine (D.E.H., J.E.M.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Preventive Medicine (J.E.M., S.M., P.M.R., D.I.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Epidemiology (J.E.M.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Samia Mora
- Division of Preventive Medicine (J.E.M., S.M., P.M.R., D.I.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Cardiovascular Division of Medicine and Center for Lipid Metabolomics (S.M., P.M.R.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine (J.E.M., S.M., P.M.R., D.I.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Cardiovascular Division of Medicine and Center for Lipid Metabolomics (S.M., P.M.R.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jordi Merino
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics (J.M., J.B.M., H.S.D.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Program in Metabolism (J.M., J.B.M.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.M., J.B.M.).,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain (J.M.).,Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine (J.M., H.S.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - James B Meigs
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics (J.M., J.B.M., H.S.D.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Program in Metabolism (J.M., J.B.M.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.M., J.B.M.).,Division of General Internal Medicine (J.B.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Hassan S Dashti
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics (J.M., J.B.M., H.S.D.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine (J.M., H.S.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston.,Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine (H.S.D.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine (J.E.M., S.M., P.M.R., D.I.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (G.M.P., A.N.P., J.D.)
| | - Mark A Herman
- Division Of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (M.A.H.)
| | - Nicola M McKeown
- Nutritional Epidemiology Program (D.E.H., M. Guirette, K.A.L., N.M.M.), Tufts University, Boston, MA
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Chen J, Spracklen CN, Marenne G, Varshney A, Corbin LJ, Luan J, Willems SM, Wu Y, Zhang X, Horikoshi M, Boutin TS, Mägi R, Waage J, Li-Gao R, Chan KHK, Yao J, Anasanti MD, Chu AY, Claringbould A, Heikkinen J, Hong J, Hottenga JJ, Huo S, Kaakinen MA, Louie T, März W, Moreno-Macias H, Ndungu A, Nelson SC, Nolte IM, North KE, Raulerson CK, Ray D, Rohde R, Rybin D, Schurmann C, Sim X, Southam L, Stewart ID, Wang CA, Wang Y, Wu P, Zhang W, Ahluwalia TS, Appel EVR, Bielak LF, Brody JA, Burtt NP, Cabrera CP, Cade BE, Chai JF, Chai X, Chang LC, Chen CH, Chen BH, Chitrala KN, Chiu YF, de Haan HG, Delgado GE, Demirkan A, Duan Q, Engmann J, Fatumo SA, Gayán J, Giulianini F, Gong JH, Gustafsson S, Hai Y, Hartwig FP, He J, Heianza Y, Huang T, Huerta-Chagoya A, Hwang MY, Jensen RA, Kawaguchi T, Kentistou KA, Kim YJ, Kleber ME, Kooner IK, Lai S, Lange LA, Langefeld CD, Lauzon M, Li M, Ligthart S, Liu J, Loh M, Long J, Lyssenko V, Mangino M, Marzi C, Montasser ME, Nag A, Nakatochi M, Noce D, Noordam R, Pistis G, Preuss M, Raffield L, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Rich SS, Robertson NR, Rueedi R, Ryan K, Sanna S, Saxena R, Schraut KE, Sennblad B, Setoh K, Smith AV, Sparsø T, Strawbridge RJ, Takeuchi F, Tan J, Trompet S, van den Akker E, van der Most PJ, Verweij N, Vogel M, Wang H, Wang C, Wang N, Warren HR, Wen W, Wilsgaard T, Wong A, Wood AR, Xie T, Zafarmand MH, Zhao JH, Zhao W, Amin N, Arzumanyan Z, Astrup A, Bakker SJL, Baldassarre D, Beekman M, Bergman RN, Bertoni A, Blüher M, Bonnycastle LL, Bornstein SR, Bowden DW, Cai Q, Campbell A, Campbell H, Chang YC, de Geus EJC, Dehghan A, Du S, Eiriksdottir G, Farmaki AE, Frånberg M, Fuchsberger C, Gao Y, Gjesing AP, Goel A, Han S, Hartman CA, Herder C, Hicks AA, Hsieh CH, Hsueh WA, Ichihara S, Igase M, Ikram MA, Johnson WC, Jørgensen ME, Joshi PK, Kalyani RR, Kandeel FR, Katsuya T, Khor CC, Kiess W, Kolcic I, Kuulasmaa T, Kuusisto J, Läll K, Lam K, Lawlor DA, Lee NR, Lemaitre RN, Li H, Lin SY, Lindström J, Linneberg A, Liu J, Lorenzo C, Matsubara T, Matsuda F, Mingrone G, Mooijaart S, Moon S, Nabika T, Nadkarni GN, Nadler JL, Nelis M, Neville MJ, Norris JM, Ohyagi Y, Peters A, Peyser PA, Polasek O, Qi Q, Raven D, Reilly DF, Reiner A, Rivideneira F, Roll K, Rudan I, Sabanayagam C, Sandow K, Sattar N, Schürmann A, Shi J, Stringham HM, Taylor KD, Teslovich TM, Thuesen B, Timmers PRHJ, Tremoli E, Tsai MY, Uitterlinden A, van Dam RM, van Heemst D, van Hylckama Vlieg A, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Vangipurapu J, Vestergaard H, Wang T, Willems van Dijk K, Zemunik T, Abecasis GR, Adair LS, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Alarcón-Riquelme ME, An P, Aviles-Santa L, Becker DM, Beilin LJ, Bergmann S, Bisgaard H, Black C, Boehnke M, Boerwinkle E, Böhm BO, Bønnelykke K, Boomsma DI, Bottinger EP, Buchanan TA, Canouil M, Caulfield MJ, Chambers JC, Chasman DI, Chen YDI, Cheng CY, Collins FS, Correa A, Cucca F, de Silva HJ, Dedoussis G, Elmståhl S, Evans MK, Ferrannini E, Ferrucci L, Florez JC, Franks PW, Frayling TM, Froguel P, Gigante B, Goodarzi MO, Gordon-Larsen P, Grallert H, Grarup N, Grimsgaard S, Groop L, Gudnason V, Guo X, Hamsten A, Hansen T, Hayward C, Heckbert SR, Horta BL, Huang W, Ingelsson E, James PS, Jarvelin MR, Jonas JB, Jukema JW, Kaleebu P, Kaplan R, Kardia SLR, Kato N, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi SM, Kim BJ, Kivimaki M, Koistinen HA, Kooner JS, Körner A, Kovacs P, Kuh D, Kumari M, Kutalik Z, Laakso M, Lakka TA, Launer LJ, Leander K, Li H, Lin X, Lind L, Lindgren C, Liu S, Loos RJF, Magnusson PKE, Mahajan A, Metspalu A, Mook-Kanamori DO, Mori TA, Munroe PB, Njølstad I, O'Connell JR, Oldehinkel AJ, Ong KK, Padmanabhan S, Palmer CNA, Palmer ND, Pedersen O, Pennell CE, Porteous DJ, Pramstaller PP, Province MA, Psaty BM, Qi L, Raffel LJ, Rauramaa R, Redline S, Ridker PM, Rosendaal FR, Saaristo TE, Sandhu M, Saramies J, Schneiderman N, Schwarz P, Scott LJ, Selvin E, Sever P, Shu XO, Slagboom PE, Small KS, Smith BH, Snieder H, Sofer T, Sørensen TIA, Spector TD, Stanton A, Steves CJ, Stumvoll M, Sun L, Tabara Y, Tai ES, Timpson NJ, Tönjes A, Tuomilehto J, Tusie T, Uusitupa M, van der Harst P, van Duijn C, Vitart V, Vollenweider P, Vrijkotte TGM, Wagenknecht LE, Walker M, Wang YX, Wareham NJ, Watanabe RM, Watkins H, Wei WB, Wickremasinghe AR, Willemsen G, Wilson JF, Wong TY, Wu JY, Xiang AH, Yanek LR, Yengo L, Yokota M, Zeggini E, Zheng W, Zonderman AB, Rotter JI, Gloyn AL, McCarthy MI, Dupuis J, Meigs JB, Scott RA, Prokopenko I, Leong A, Liu CT, Parker SCJ, Mohlke KL, Langenberg C, Wheeler E, Morris AP, Barroso I. The trans-ancestral genomic architecture of glycemic traits. Nat Genet 2021; 53:840-860. [PMID: 34059833 PMCID: PMC7610958 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00852-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycemic traits are used to diagnose and monitor type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic health. To date, most genetic studies of glycemic traits have focused on individuals of European ancestry. Here we aggregated genome-wide association studies comprising up to 281,416 individuals without diabetes (30% non-European ancestry) for whom fasting glucose, 2-h glucose after an oral glucose challenge, glycated hemoglobin and fasting insulin data were available. Trans-ancestry and single-ancestry meta-analyses identified 242 loci (99 novel; P < 5 × 10-8), 80% of which had no significant evidence of between-ancestry heterogeneity. Analyses restricted to individuals of European ancestry with equivalent sample size would have led to 24 fewer new loci. Compared with single-ancestry analyses, equivalent-sized trans-ancestry fine-mapping reduced the number of estimated variants in 99% credible sets by a median of 37.5%. Genomic-feature, gene-expression and gene-set analyses revealed distinct biological signatures for each trait, highlighting different underlying biological pathways. Our results increase our understanding of diabetes pathophysiology by using trans-ancestry studies for improved power and resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Chen
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Gaëlle Marenne
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Arushi Varshney
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Laura J Corbin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sara M Willems
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xiaoshuai Zhang
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Centre for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Thibaud S Boutin
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Johannes Waage
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kei Hang Katie Chan
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Mila D Anasanti
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Audrey Y Chu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annique Claringbould
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jani Heikkinen
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jaeyoung Hong
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shaofeng Huo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Marika A Kaakinen
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Section of Statistical Multi-omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Research, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Winfried März
- SYNLAB Academy, SYNLAB Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | | | - Anne Ndungu
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah C Nelson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kari E North
- CVD Genetic Epidemiology Computational Laboratory, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Debashree Ray
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- CVD Genetic Epidemiology Computational Laboratory, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Denis Rybin
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- HPI Digital Health Center, Digital Health and Personalized Medicine, Hasso Plattner Institute, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Isobel D Stewart
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yujie Wang
- CVD Genetic Epidemiology Computational Laboratory, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Peitao Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil V R Appel
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Noël P Burtt
- Metabolism Program, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Claudia P Cabrera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Brian E Cade
- Department of Medicine, Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaoran Chai
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li-Ching Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsiun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Brian H Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yen-Feng Chiu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hugoline G de Haan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Graciela E Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Ayse Demirkan
- Section of Statistical Multi-omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Research, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Statistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jorgen Engmann
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Segun A Fatumo
- Uganda Medical Informatics Centre (UMIC), MRC/UVRI and London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (Uganda Research Unit), Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- H3Africa Bioinformatics Network (H3ABioNet) Node, Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, NABDA/FMST, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jung Ho Gong
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yang Hai
- Department of Statistics, The University of Auckland, Science Center, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Jing He
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yoriko Heianza
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University Obesity Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Alicia Huerta-Chagoya
- Molecular Biology and Genomic Medicine Unit, National Council for Science and Technology, Mexico City, Mexico
- Molecular Biology and Genomic Medicine Unit, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mi Yeong Hwang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Richard A Jensen
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katherine A Kentistou
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Ishminder K Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Shuiqing Lai
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Medicine, Divison of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Marie Lauzon
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Man Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Symen Ligthart
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marie Loh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Carola Marzi
- Institute of Epidemiology, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - May E Montasser
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abhishek Nag
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Damia Noce
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - Michael Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Neil R Robertson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rico Rueedi
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kathleen Ryan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Serena Sanna
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - Richa Saxena
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katharina E Schraut
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bengt Sennblad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kazuya Setoh
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Thomas Sparsø
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Medicine Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jingyi Tan
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik van den Akker
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Pattern Recognition and Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Genomics PLC, Oxford, UK
| | - Mandy Vogel
- Center of Pediatric Research, University Children's Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heming Wang
- Department of Medicine, Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Helen R Warren
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew R Wood
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mohammad Hadi Zafarmand
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jing-Hua Zhao
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zorayr Arzumanyan
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marian Beekman
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Richard N Bergman
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alain Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lori L Bonnycastle
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institues of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Department for Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yi Cheng Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shufa Du
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Aliki Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Population Science and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mattias Frånberg
- Department of Medicine Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Yutang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Anette P Gjesing
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anuj Goel
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sohee Han
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathy and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Chang-Hsun Hsieh
- Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Willa A Hsueh
- Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Anti-aging Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W Craig Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marit E Jørgensen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rita R Kalyani
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fouad R Kandeel
- Clinical Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center of Pediatric Research, University Children's Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Teemu Kuulasmaa
- Institute of Biomedicine, Bioinformatics Center, Univeristy of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristi Läll
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kelvin Lam
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nanette R Lee
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, the Philippines
- Department of Anthropology, Sociology and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, the Philippines
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Honglan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes and Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shih-Yi Lin
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Diabetes Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carlos Lorenzo
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tatsuaki Matsubara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Geltrude Mingrone
- Department of Diabetes, Diabetes, and Nutritional Sciences, James Black Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Simon Mooijaart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sanghoon Moon
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Toru Nabika
- Department of Functional Pathology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jerry L Nadler
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Mari Nelis
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Matt J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Jill M Norris
- Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yasumasa Ohyagi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Annette Peters
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- Gen-Info, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dennis Raven
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathy and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dermot F Reilly
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Alex Reiner
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Fernando Rivideneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kathryn Roll
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health, The Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kevin Sandow
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Naveed Sattar
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Annette Schürmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jinxiu Shi
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Academy of Science & Technology (SAST), Shanghai, China
| | - Heather M Stringham
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | - Betina Thuesen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul R H J Timmers
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Andre Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jagadish Vangipurapu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Henrik Vestergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Bornholms Hospital, Rønne, Denmark
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tatijana Zemunik
- Department of Human Biology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Gonçalo R Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Linda S Adair
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carlos Alberto Aguilar-Salinas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición and Tec Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
- Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Tec Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme
- Department of Medical Genomics, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Government Center for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ping An
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Larissa Aviles-Santa
- Clinical and Health Services Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Corri Black
- Aberdeen Centre for Health Data Science, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bernhard O Böhm
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Graduate School of Molecular Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- LKC School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore and Imperial College London, UK, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institut, University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Thomas A Buchanan
- University of Southern California Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Université de Lille, Lille, France
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Francis S Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institues of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, Jackson Heart Study, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Kallithea, Greece
| | - Sölve Elmståhl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jose C Florez
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Philippe Froguel
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Université de Lille, Lille, France
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sameline Grimsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Leif Groop
- Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Department of Medicine Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Academy of Science & Technology (SAST), Shanghai, China
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pankow S James
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Marjo-Ritta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu Univerisity Hospital, OYS, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel IOB, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Norihiro Kato
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sirkka M Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antje Körner
- Center of Pediatric Research, University Children's Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at University College London, London, UK
| | - Meena Kumari
- Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- University Institute of Primary Care and Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karin Leander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Huaixing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Lindgren
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the Swedish Twin Registry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Inger Njølstad
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathy and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Michael A Province
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Leslie J Raffel
- Department of Pediatrics, Genetic and Genomic Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Susan Redline
- Department of Medicine, Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Havard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Timo E Saaristo
- Tampere, Finnish Diabetes Association, Tampere, Finland
- Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Peter Schwarz
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department for Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Dresden, Germany
| | - Laura J Scott
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter Sever
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kerrin S Small
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alice Stanton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire J Steves
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Ageing and Health, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Liang Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Signature Research Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Teresa Tusie
- Molecular Biology and Genomic Medicine Unit, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tanja G M Vrijkotte
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mark Walker
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ya X Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nick J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard M Watanabe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Wen B Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anny H Xiang
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente of Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Loïc Yengo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Section of Statistical Multi-omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Research, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Aaron Leong
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen C J Parker
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Inês Barroso
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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