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Hill NI, Becanova J, Vojta S, Barber LB, LeBlanc DR, Vajda AM, Pickard HM, Lohmann R. Bioconcentration of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Precursors in Fathead Minnow Tissues Environmentally Exposed to Aqueous Film-Forming Foam-Contaminated Waters. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024; 43:1795-1806. [PMID: 38896102 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been associated with toxicity in wildlife and negative health effects in humans. Decades of fire training activity at Joint Base Cape Cod (MA, USA) incorporated the use of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF), which resulted in long-term PFAS contamination of sediments, groundwater, and hydrologically connected surface waters. To explore the bioconcentration potential of PFAS in complex environmental mixtures, a mobile laboratory was established to evaluate the bioconcentration of PFAS from AFFF-impacted groundwater by flow-through design. Fathead minnows (n = 24) were exposed to PFAS in groundwater over a 21-day period and tissue-specific PFAS burdens in liver, kidney, and gonad were derived at three different time points. The ∑PFAS concentrations in groundwater increased from approximately 10,000 ng/L at day 1 to 36,000 ng/L at day 21. The relative abundance of PFAS in liver, kidney, and gonad shifted temporally from majority perfluoroalkyl sulfonamides (FASAs) to perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFSAs). By day 21, mean ∑PFAS concentrations in tissues displayed a predominance in the order of liver > kidney > gonad. Generally, bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for FASAs, perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs), and fluorotelomer sulfonates (FTS) increased with degree of fluorinated carbon chain length, but this was not evident for PFSAs. Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) displayed the highest mean BCF (8700 L/kg) in day 21 kidney. Suspect screening results revealed the presence of several perfluoroalkyl sulfinate and FASA compounds present in groundwater and in liver for which pseudo-bioconcentration factors are also reported. The bioconcentration observed for precursor compounds and PFSA derivatives detected suggests alternative pathways for terminal PFAS exposure in aquatic wildlife and humans. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1795-1806. © 2024 The Author(s). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas I Hill
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Jitka Becanova
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Simon Vojta
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | | | | | - Alan M Vajda
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Heidi M Pickard
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rainer Lohmann
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
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Li Y, Zhi Y, Weed R, Broome SW, Knappe DRU, Duckworth OW. Commercial compost amendments inhibit the bioavailability and plant uptake of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in soil-porewater-lettuce systems. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 186:108615. [PMID: 38582061 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Compost is widely used in agriculture as fertilizer while providing a practical option for solid municipal waste disposal. However, compost may also contain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), potentially impacting soils and leading to PFAS entry into food chains and ultimately human exposure risks via dietary intake. This study examined how compost affects the bioavailability and uptake of eight PFAS (two ethers, three fluorotelomer sulfonates, and three perfluorosulfonates) by lettuce (Lactuca sativa) grown in commercial organic compost-amended, PFAS spiked soils. After 50 days of greenhouse experiment, PFAS uptake by lettuce decreased (by up to 90.5 %) with the increasing compost amendment ratios (0-20 %, w/w), consistent with their decreased porewater concentrations (by 30.7-86.3 %) in compost-amended soils. Decreased bioavailability of PFAS was evidenced by the increased in-situ soil-porewater distribution coefficients (Kd) (by factors of 1.5-7.0) with increasing compost additions. Significant negative (or positive) correlations (R2 ≥ 0.55) were observed between plant bioaccumulation (or Kd) and soil organic carbon content, suggesting that compost amendment inhibited plant uptake of PFAS mainly by increasing soil organic carbon and enhancing PFAS sorption. However, short-chain PFAS alternatives (e.g., perfluoro-2-methoxyacetic acid (PFMOAA)) were effectively translocated to shoots with translocation factors > 2.9, increasing their risks of contamination in leafy vegetables. Our findings underscore the necessity for comprehensive risk assessment of compost-borne PFAS when using commercial compost products in agricultural lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States.
| | - Yue Zhi
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States; Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Rebecca Weed
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States
| | - Stephen W Broome
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States
| | - Detlef R U Knappe
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States
| | - Owen W Duckworth
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States
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Fleury ES, Kuiper JR, Buckley JP, Papandonatos GD, Cecil KM, Chen A, Eaton CB, Kalkwarf HJ, Lanphear BP, Yolton K, Braun JM. Evaluating the association between longitudinal exposure to a PFAS mixture and adolescent cardiometabolic risk in the HOME Study. Environ Epidemiol 2024; 8:e289. [PMID: 38343730 PMCID: PMC10852393 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) throughout gestation and childhood may impact cardiometabolic risk. Methods In 179 HOME Study participants (Cincinnati, OH; recruited 2003-2006), we used latent profile analysis to identify two distinct patterns of PFAS exposure from serum concentrations of four PFAS measured at birth and ages 3, 8, and 12 years. We assessed the homeostatic model of insulin resistance, triglycerides-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, leptin-to-adiponectin ratio, systolic blood pressure, visceral fat, and hemoglobin A1c levels at age 12 years. We used multivariable linear regression to assess the association of membership in the longitudinal PFAS mixture exposure group with a summary measure of overall cardiometabolic risk and individual components. Results One PFAS exposure profile (n = 66, 39%) had higher geometric means of all PFAS across all visits than the other. Although adjusted associations were null in the full sample, child sex modified the association of longitudinal PFAS mixture exposure group with overall cardiometabolic risk, leptin-to-adiponectin ratio, systolic blood pressure, and visceral fat (interaction term P values: 0.02-0.08). Females in the higher exposure group had higher cardiometabolic risk scores (ß = 0.43; 95% CI = -0.08, 0.94), systolic blood pressures (ß = 0.6; 95% CI = 0.1, 1.1), and visceral fat (ß = 0.44; 95% CI = -0.13, 1.01); males had lower cardiometabolic risk scores (ß = -0.52; 95% CI = -1.06, -0.06), leptin-to-adiponectin ratios (ß = -0.7; 95% CI = -1.29, -0.1), systolic blood pressures (ß = -0.14; 95% CI = -0.7, 0.41), and visceral fat (ß = -0.52; 95% CI = -0.84, -0.19). Conclusions Exposure to this PFAS mixture throughout childhood may have sex-specific effects on adolescent cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordan R. Kuiper
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, D.C
| | - Jessie P. Buckley
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Kim M. Cecil
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Charles B. Eaton
- Department of Family Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Heidi J. Kalkwarf
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Bruce P. Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Joseph M. Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI
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Lv D, Liu H, An Q, Lei C, Wang Y, Sun J, Li C, Lin Y, Dong Q, Yang Z, Che K, Liu W, Han W. Association of adverse fetal outcomes with placental inflammation after oral gestational exposure to hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (GenX) in Sprague-Dawley rats. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132536. [PMID: 37717439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA), known as "GenX" for its trade name, is gradually taking the place of Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). However, there is a poor understanding of the developmental effects of GenX. This study aims to explore whether GenX produces adverse effects on offspring development in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and the underlying mechanisms. Pregnant rats were orally administered with GenX (0, 1, 10 and 100 mg/kg/day) from gestational 0.5-19.5 days. Experimental data showed that the exposure to GenX resulted in increased rats' gestational weight gain, whereas both body weight and body length of their fetuses born naturally were significantly reduced. This could contribute to the developmental delays of fetal body weight, body length and tail length from postnatal 1-21 days. Histopathological evaluation of placenta indicated that GenX exposure led to neutrophil infiltration in decidual zone and congestion in labyrinth zone. Moreover, placental proteomics showed changes at the expression levels of the inflammation-related proteins in the Rap1 signaling pathway. In conclusion, gestational exposure to GenX induced fetal intrauterine and extrauterine development retardation in SD rats. Placental inflammation may play a key role in this process through the Rap1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Lv
- Pediatrics Department, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266071, China; Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hongyun Liu
- Pathology Department, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qi An
- Child Healthcare Department, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chengwei Lei
- Pediatrics Department, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266071, China; Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanxuan Wang
- Pediatrics Department, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266071, China; Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Developmental Pediatrics and Child Health Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Chuanhai Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yongfeng Lin
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qing Dong
- Pediatrics Department, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Zhugen Yang
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Kui Che
- Key Laboratory of Thyroid Diseases, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Wendong Liu
- Pediatrics Department, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Wenchao Han
- Pediatrics Department, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266071, China.
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Zamora Z, Wang S, Chen YW, Diamante G, Yang X. Systematic transcriptome-wide meta-analysis across endocrine disrupting chemicals reveals shared and unique liver pathways, gene networks, and disease associations. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108339. [PMID: 38043319 PMCID: PMC11216742 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic disorders (CMD) are a growing public health problem across the world. Among the known cardiometabolic risk factors are compounds that induce endocrine and metabolic dysfunctions, such as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). To date, how EDCs influence molecular programs and cardiometabolic risks has yet to be fully elucidated, especially considering the complexity contributed by species-, chemical-, and dose-specific effects. Moreover, different experimental and analytical methodologies employed by different studies pose challenges when comparing findings across studies. To explore the molecular mechanisms of EDCs in a systematic manner, we established a data-driven computational approach to meta-analyze 30 human, mouse, and rat liver transcriptomic datasets for 4 EDCs, namely bisphenol A (BPA), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), tributyltin (TBT), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Our computational pipeline uniformly re-analyzed pre-processed quality-controlled microarray data and raw RNAseq data, derived differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and biological pathways, modeled gene regulatory networks and regulators, and determined CMD associations based on gene overlap analysis. Our approach revealed that DEHP and PFOA shared stable transcriptomic signatures that are enriched for genes associated with CMDs, suggesting similar mechanisms of action such as perturbations of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) signaling and liver gene network regulators VNN1 and ACOT2. In contrast, TBT exhibited highly divergent gene signatures, pathways, network regulators, and disease associations from the other EDCs. In addition, we found that the rat, mouse, and human BPA studies showed highly variable transcriptomic patterns, providing molecular support for the variability in BPA responses. Our work offers insights into the commonality and differences in the molecular mechanisms of various EDCs and establishes a streamlined data-driven workflow to compare molecular mechanisms of environmental substances to elucidate the underlying connections between chemical exposure and disease risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacary Zamora
- Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Susanna Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yen-Wei Chen
- Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Graciel Diamante
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Xia Yang
- Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Zhang M, Rifas-Shiman SL, Aris IM, Fleisch AF, Lin PID, Nichols AR, Oken E, Hivert MF. Associations of Prenatal Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Exposures with Offspring Adiposity and Body Composition at 16-20 Years of Age: Project Viva. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:127002. [PMID: 38054701 PMCID: PMC10699168 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings on the associations between prenatal PFAS exposures and offspring adiposity are inconsistent. Whether such associations may extend to adolescence is especially understudied. OBJECTIVES We investigated associations of prenatal PFAS exposures with offspring adiposity and body composition at 16-20 years of age. METHODS We studied 545 mother-child pairs in the prospective prebirth cohort Project Viva (Boston, Massachusetts). We measured six PFAS (PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, PFHxS, EtFOSAA, and MeFOSAA) in maternal early pregnancy (median age = 9.6 wk , range: 5.7-19.6 wk) plasma samples. At the late adolescence visit (median age = 17.4 y, range: 15.9-20.0 y), we obtained anthropometric measures and assessed body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We examined associations of individual PFAS with obesity [i.e., age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) ≥ 95 th percentile] and adiposity and body composition using multivariable Poisson and linear regression models, respectively. We assessed PFAS mixture effects using Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and quantile g-computation. We used fractional-polynomial models to assess BMI trajectories (at 3-20 years of age) by prenatal PFAS levels. RESULTS Thirteen percent (n = 73 ) of the children had obesity in late adolescence. After multivariable adjustment, higher prenatal PFAS concentrations were associated with higher obesity risk [e.g., 1.59 (95% CI: 1.19, 2.12), 1.24 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.57), and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.99) times the obesity risk per doubling of PFOS, PFOA, and PFNA, respectively]. BKMR showed an interaction between PFOA and PFOS, where the positive association between PFOS and obesity was stronger when PFOA levels were lower. Each quartile increment of the PFAS mixture was associated with 1.52 (95% CI: 1.03, 2.25) times the obesity risk and 0.52 (95% CI: - 0.02 , 1.06) kg / m 2 higher BMI. Children with higher prenatal PFOS, EtFOSAA, and MeFOSAA concentrations had higher rates of BMI increase starting from 9-11 years of age. DISCUSSION Prenatal PFAS exposures may have obesogenic effects into late adolescence. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12597.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Izzuddin M. Aris
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Abby F. Fleisch
- Center for Interdisciplinary Population Health Research, MaineHealth Institute for Research, Portland, Maine, USA
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA
| | - Pi-I Debby Lin
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amy R. Nichols
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Rabotnick MH, Ehlinger J, Haidari A, Goodrich JM. Prenatal exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals: The role of multi-omics in understanding toxicity. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 578:112046. [PMID: 37598796 PMCID: PMC10592024 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.112046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a diverse group of toxicants detected in populations globally. Prenatal EDC exposures impact birth and childhood outcomes. EDCs work through persistent changes at the molecular, cellular, and organ level. Molecular and biochemical signals or 'omics' can be measured at various functional levels - including the epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, and the microbiome. In this narrative review, we introduce each omics and give examples of associations with prenatal EDC exposures. There is substantial research on epigenomic modifications in offspring exposed to EDCs during gestation, and a growing number of studies evaluating the transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, or microbiome in response to these exposures. Multi-omics, integrating data across omics layers, may improve understanding of disrupted function pathways related to early life exposures. We highlight several data integration methods to consider in multi-omics studies. Information from multi-omics can improve understanding of the biological processes and mechanisms underlying prenatal EDC toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret H Rabotnick
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jessa Ehlinger
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ariana Haidari
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jaclyn M Goodrich
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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Hull SD, Deen L, Petersen KU, Jensen TK, Hammer P, Wils RS, Frankel HN, Ostrowski SR, Tøttenborg SS. Time trends in per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) concentrations in the Danish population: A review based on published and newly analyzed data. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:117036. [PMID: 37659637 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent chemicals used in many industries and everyday consumer products and exposure has been linked to several adverse health outcomes. Currently, no systematic monitoring of PFAS levels in the general Danish population has been conducted. OBJECTIVE To study temporal trends of PFAS concentrations in the Danish population. MATERIALS AND METHODS In August 2023, we performed a search for original peer-reviewed reports in PubMed using combinations of search terms for PFAS and Denmark. Reports were included if they comprised a Danish study population and direct measurements of PFAS in serum or plasma samples. Scatter plots of medians presented in the reports were used to visualize time-trends of PFAS concentrations among Danish individuals. RESULTS We included 29 reports based on a total of 18,231 individuals from 19 Danish study populations. A total of 24 PFAS measured in serum or plasma were presented in the reports, the most frequent being PFOS, PFOA, PFDA, PFNA, PFHpA, PFHpS, and PFHxS. Median concentrations of PFOS ranged from 4.0 ng/mL to 44.5 ng/mL, PFOA ranged from 0.8 ng/mL to 9.7 ng/mL, while lower concentrations were presented for the other PFAS. Median concentrations of PFOS and PFOA increased from 1988 until the late 1990s followed by a decrease until 2021. A less clear time-trend were observed for the other PFAS. CONCLUSION Blood concentrations of PFOS and PFOA in the Danish population have declined substantially from the late 1990s until 2021 reflecting a phase-out of the production and regulation of the use of these PFAS. Time-trends for PFDA, PFNA, PFHpA, PFHpS, and PFHxS were less evident, yet a tendency toward a decline was observed. As only some of the compounds are measured, it is not possible to determine if the decrease in some PFAS is outweighed by an increase in others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidsel Dan Hull
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Laura Deen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Kajsa Ugelvig Petersen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Institute for Public Health, University of Southern, Denmark
| | - Paula Hammer
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Occupational and Social Medicine, Holbaek University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Regitze Sølling Wils
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Hannah Nørtoft Frankel
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Sisse Rye Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sandra Søgaard Tøttenborg
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Grandjean P, Shih YH, Jørgensen LH, Nielsen F, Weihe P, Budtz-Jørgensen E. Estimated exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances during infancy and serum-adipokine concentrations in later childhood. Pediatr Res 2023; 94:1832-1837. [PMID: 37316707 PMCID: PMC10624607 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02665-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are transferred through human milk and may cause elevated exposure during infancy. Given the lack of early postnatal blood samples, PFAS concentrations can be estimated to serve as predictors of subsequent metabolic toxicity. METHODS A total of 298 children from a prospective birth cohort were followed up through to age 9 years. Serum-PFAS was measured at birth and 18 months of age, while exposures during infancy were estimated by structural equations. Adiponectin, resistin, leptin, and the leptin receptor were measured in serum at age 9. Adjusted regression coefficients for estimated serum-PFAS concentrations were calculated, with additional consideration of the duration of breastfeeding and potential effect modification by sex. RESULTS A doubling in estimated serum-PFAS concentrations, particularly at ages 6 and 12 months, was associated with a loss of about 10-15% in age 9 resistin concentrations, while other associations were much weaker. Sex dependence of the associations was not observed, and neither did the duration of breastfeeding affect outcomes at age 9. CONCLUSION Lowered serum-resistin concentrations at age 9 years were most strongly associated with early postnatal PFAS exposures. These findings suggest that infancy may represent a vulnerable time window for some aspects of metabolic programming that may be affected by PFAS exposure. IMPACT Serum-PFAS concentrations during infancy can be estimated in the absence of blood samples. Adipokine concentrations were measured at age 9 years as metabolic biomarkers. Resistin was significantly lower in children with elevated PFAS exposures in infancy. The findings suggest that early postnatal PFAS exposures may affect subsequent metabolic health. Assessment of infancy vulnerability to PFAS can be explored using estimated serum-PFAS concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Grandjean
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.
| | - Yu-Hsuan Shih
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA
| | - Louise Helskov Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Flemming Nielsen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Pál Weihe
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health, Faroese Hospital System, Torshavn, Faroe Islands
- Center of Health Science, University of the Faroe Islands, Torshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Esben Budtz-Jørgensen
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Shang B, Venkatratnam A, Liu T, Douillet C, Shi Q, Miller M, Cable P, Zou F, Ideraabdullah FY, Fry RC, Stýblo M. Sex-specific transgenerational effects of preconception exposure to arsenite: metabolic phenotypes of C57BL/6 offspring. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:2879-2892. [PMID: 37615676 PMCID: PMC10754030 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) has been linked to diabetes in both humans and mice, but the role of iAs exposure prior to conception and its transgenerational effects are understudied. The present study investigated transgenerational effects of preconception iAs exposure in C57BL/6J mice, focusing on metabolic phenotypes of G1 and G2 offspring. Body composition and diabetes indicators, including fasting blood glucose, fasting plasma insulin, glucose tolerance, and indicators of insulin resistance and beta cell function, were examined in both generations. The results suggest that the preconception iAs exposure in the parental (G0) generation induced diabetic phenotypes in G1 and G2 offspring in a sex-dependent manner. G1 females from iAs-exposed parents developed insulin resistance while no significant effects were found in G1 males. In the G2 generation, insulin resistance was observed only in males from iAs-exposed grandparents and was associated with higher bodyweights and adiposity. Similar trends were observed in G2 females from iAs-exposed grandparents, but these did not reach statistical significance. Thus, preconception iAs exposure altered metabolic phenotype across two generations of mouse offspring. Future research will investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying these transgenerational effects, including epigenomic and transcriptomic profiles of germ cells and tissues from G0, G1 and G2 generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhen Shang
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA
| | - Abhishek Venkatratnam
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, 27599-7431, USA
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Christelle Douillet
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA
| | - Qing Shi
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA
| | - Madison Miller
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA
| | - Peter Cable
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Folami Y Ideraabdullah
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, 27599-7431, USA.
| | - Miroslav Stýblo
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7461, USA.
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11
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Dai Y, Zhang J, Wang Z, Ding J, Xu S, Zhang B, Guo J, Qi X, Chang X, Wu C, Zhou Z. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in umbilical cord serum and body mass index trajectories from birth to age 10 years: Findings from a longitudinal birth cohort (SMBCS). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 180:108238. [PMID: 37783122 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been linked to low birth weight but higher childhood weight and obesity. However, little is known regarding the associations between PFAS exposure and dynamic body mass index (BMI) trajectories, particularly from birth through preadolescence. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations of cord serum PFAS concentrations with BMI trajectories from birth to age 10 years and longitudinal BMI in different periods. METHODS Based on 887 mother-child pairs in the longitudinal prospective birth cohort, we measured 12 PFAS congeners in cord serum and calculated BMI with anthropometric indicators at 9 follow-up time points from birth to age 10 years. The BMI trajectories were identified using group-based trajectory model (GBTM). To estimate the associations of cord serum PFAS levels with BMI trajectories and longitudinal changes in BMI, logistic regression models, linear mixed models, Bayesian kernel machine regression, and quantile-based g-computation models (QGC) were used. RESULTS The median concentrations of 10 PFAS congeners included in statistical analysis ranged from 0.047 to 3.623 μg/L. Two BMI trajectory classes were identified by GBTM, characterized by high group and low group. In logistic regression models, five PFAS congeners (PFBA, PFHpA, PFHxS, PFHpS, and PFDoDA) were associated with the higher probability of being in high BMI trajectory group (odds ratio, OR: 1.21 to 1.74, p < 0.05). Meanwhile, higher PFAS mixture were related to elevated odds for the high group in both BKMR models and QGC models, with PFHpA and PFHpS being the two most important drivers jointly. In the sex-stratified analysis, the positive associations remained significant exclusively among males. In the longitudinal analysis, PFUnDA and PFDoDA were associated with increased BMI from birth to age 10 years. Furthermore, PFBS and PFHpA were negatively related to BMI throughout infancy and toddlerhood (from birth to age 3 years), whereas PFDoDA confirmed a positive association with mid-childhood (from age 6 to 10 years) BMI. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal PFAS exposure was positively associated with BMI trajectories from birth to preadolescence and longitudinal BMI in various periods. Future research could use better trajectory modeling strategies to shape more complete growth trajectories and explore the relationship between BMI trajectories and adulthood health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Dai
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiayun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Sinan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Boya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianqiu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaojuan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China; Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Xiuli Chang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chunhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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12
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Dangudubiyyam SV, Bosse B, Yadav P, Song R, Hofmann A, Mishra JS, Kumar S. Restoring Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor Function Reverses PFOS-Induced Vascular Hyper-Reactivity and Hypertension in Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14180. [PMID: 37762482 PMCID: PMC10531530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) exposure during pregnancy induces hypertension with decreased vasodilatory angiotensin type-2 receptor (AT2R) expression and impaired vascular reactivity and fetal weights. We hypothesized that AT2R activation restores the AT1R/AT2R balance and reverses gestational hypertension by improving vascular mechanisms. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to PFOS through drinking water (50 μg/mL) from gestation day (GD) 4-20. Controls received drinking water with no detectable PFOS. Control and PFOS-exposed rats were treated with AT2R agonist Compound 21 (C21; 0.3 mg/kg/day, SC) from GD 15-20. In PFOS dams, blood pressure was higher, blood flow in the uterine artery was reduced, and C21 reversed these to control levels. C21 mitigated the heightened contraction response to Ang II and enhanced endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in uterine arteries of PFOS dams. The observed vascular effects of C21 were correlated with reduced AT1R levels and increased AT2R and eNOS protein levels. C21 also increased plasma bradykinin production in PFOS dams and attenuated the fetoplacental growth restriction. These data suggest that C21 improves the PFOS-induced maternal vascular dysfunction and blood flow to the fetoplacental unit, providing preclinical evidence to support that AT2R activation may be an important target for preventing or treating PFOS-induced adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Vidya Dangudubiyyam
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
- Endocrinology-Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Bradley Bosse
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA;
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Ruolin Song
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Alissa Hofmann
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
- Endocrinology-Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Jay S. Mishra
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Sathish Kumar
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
- Endocrinology-Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA;
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13
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Surma M, Sawicki T, Piskuła M, Wiczkowski W. Relationship between the Consumption of Fermented Red Beetroot Juice and Levels of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in the Human Body's Fluids and Blood Parameters. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13956. [PMID: 37762257 PMCID: PMC10530276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a group of fluorinated, organic, man-made chemicals; they do not occur naturally in the environment. This study aimed to determine the profile and content of PFASs in the volunteers' blood plasma and urine after the consumption of fermented red beetroot juice and then correlated it with the blood parameters. Over 42 days, 24 healthy volunteers ingested 200 mL/60 kg of body weight of fermented red beetroot juice. PFASs were analyzed using the micro-HPLC-MS/MS method. Five perfluoroalkyl substances were found in the volunteers' body fluids. After consuming the juice, it was discovered that regarding the perfluorocarboxylic acids, a downward trend was observed, while regarding the perfluoroalkane sulfonates, and their plasma content showed a statistically significant upward trend. Analysis of the hematology parameters indicated that the intake of fermented red beetroot juice showed a significant decrease in mean corpuscular volume (MCV), platelets concentration, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR) at the significance level p < 0.01, and hematocrit (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the dietary intervention also indicated a significant (p < 0.01) increase in corpuscular/cellular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). In the case of blood biochemistry, no significant change was observed in the blood samples after the intake of the fermented beetroot juice. However, a decreasing tendency of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein concentration (LDL-C) was observed. Based on the presented results, there is a need to analyze and monitor health-promoting food regarding undesirable substances and their impact on consumer health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Surma
- Malopolska Centre of Food Monitoring, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 122 Balicka St., 30-149 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sawicki
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45F St., 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mariusz Piskuła
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Science, Tuwima 10 St., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wiesław Wiczkowski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Science, Tuwima 10 St., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
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14
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Pan D, Song Y, Liu S, Zeng X, Pang Q, Zhang Y, Wu H, Tan HJJ, Liao Q, Liang J, Huang D, Qiu X. Association between perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and fetal overgrowth: A prospective birth cohort study conducted in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023:116175. [PMID: 37257750 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has been associated with gestational diabetes mellitus, obesity or overweight in childhood, but data on fetal overgrowth outcomes including macrosomia and large for gestational age (LGA) and among gestational age diverse infants remain scarce. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between maternal PFASs exposure and macrosomia and LGA, with exploration of the interaction between PFASs exposure and gestational age on fetal overgrowth. METHODS A total of 1441 mother-infants pairs from Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort of China were analyzed. Nine PFASs were measured in maternal serum using ultra-high liquid performance chromatographytandem mass spectrometry. Multivaraible logistical regression and generalized additive models were performed for individual PFAS exposures, piecewise regression analysis was used to estimate the breakpoint values for the non-linear dose-response relationships. Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression was performed for PFASs mixture. RESULTS In single pollutant models, maternal PFDA and PFOA exposure showed U-shaped relationship with macrosomia and LGA. When PFDA concentration exceeded 0.32 ng/mL was significantly positively associated with risks of LGA and macrosomia (OR=4.66, 95%CI: 1.26, 17.17; OR=14.43, 95%CI: 2.64, 79.02; respectively), while a negatively association was observed when level below 0.32 ng/mL. When PFOA concentration exceeded 1.20 ng/mL was significantly associated with increased risk of macrosomia (OR=7.75, 95%CI: 1.36, 44.06). In mixed exposure models, mixture of PFASs was positively associated with macrosomia, as well as associated with LGA when all the PFASs were at their 30th percentile or below. The maximum risk of LGA was reached when concentrations of PFUnA, PFDA, or PFBS were at the highest concentrations and the gestational age at the minimum of this study. CONCLUSIONS Maternal exposure to PFDA, PFOA and PFASs mixture were non-monotonically associated with macrosomia and LGA, the direction of the associations depends on the level of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiang Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanye Song
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530031, Guangxi, China
| | - Shun Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health & Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiang Pang
- Department of Cardiology, Debao Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Debao, 533700, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuanxiao Zhang
- Obstetrical Department, Pingguo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Pingguo, 531400, Guangxi, China
| | - Huiping Wu
- Obstetrical Department, Jingxi People's Hospital, Jingxi, 533800, Guangxi, China
| | - Hui Juan Jennifer Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Qian Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Dongping Huang
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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15
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McAdam J, Bell EM. Determinants of maternal and neonatal PFAS concentrations: a review. Environ Health 2023; 22:41. [PMID: 37161484 PMCID: PMC10170754 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-00992-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are used for their properties such as stain and water resistance. The substances have been associated with adverse health outcomes in both pregnant mothers and infants, including pre-eclampsia and low birthweight. A growing body of research suggests that PFAS are transferred from mother to fetus through the placenta, leading to in utero exposure. A systematic review was performed using the PubMed database to search for studies evaluating determinants of PFAS concentrations in blood matrices of pregnant mothers and neonates shortly after birth. Studies were included in this review if an observational study design was utilized, exposure to at least one PFAS analyte was measured, PFAS were measured in maternal or neonatal matrices, at least one determinant of PFAS concentrations was assessed, and results such as beta estimates were provided. We identified 35 studies for inclusion in the review and evaluated the PFAS and determinant relationships among the factors collected in these studies. Parity, breastfeeding history, maternal race and country of origin, and household income had the strongest and most consistent evidence to support their roles as determinants of certain PFAS concentrations in pregnant mothers. Reported study findings on smoking status, alcohol consumption, and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) suggest that these factors are not important determinants of PFAS concentrations in pregnant mothers or neonates. Further study into informative factors such as consumer product use, detailed dietary information, and consumed water sources as potential determinants of maternal or neonatal PFAS concentrations is needed. Research on determinants of maternal or neonatal PFAS concentrations is critical to estimate past PFAS exposure, build improved exposure models, and further our understanding on dose-response relationships, which can influence epidemiological studies and risk assessment evaluations. Given the potential for adverse outcomes in pregnant mothers and neonates exposed to PFAS, it is important to identify and understand determinants of maternal and neonatal PFAS concentrations to better implement public health interventions in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan McAdam
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Erin M Bell
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
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16
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Hall AM, Braun JM. Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Outcomes Related to Metabolic Syndrome: A Review of the Literature and Current Recommendations for Clinicians. Am J Lifestyle Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/15598276231162802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of toxic, ubiquitous, anthropogenic chemicals known to bioaccumulate in humans. Substantial concern exists regarding the human health effects of PFAS, particularly metabolic syndrome (MetS), a precursor to cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality worldwide. This narrative review provides an overview of the PFAS literature on 4 specific components of MetS: insulin resistance/glucose dysregulation, central adiposity, dyslipidemia, and blood pressure. We focus on prospective cohort studies as these provide the best body of evidence compared to other study designs. Available evidence suggests potential associations between some PFAS and type-2 diabetes in adults, dyslipidemia in children and adults, and blood pressure in adults. Additionally, some studies found that sex and physical activity may modify these relationships. Future studies should consider modification by sex and lifestyle factors (e.g., diet and physical activity), as well quantifying the impact of PFAS mixtures on MetS features and related clinical disease. Finally, clinicians can follow recently developed clinical guidance to screen for PFAS exposure in patients, measure PFAS levels, conduct additional clinical care based on PFAS levels, and advise on PFAS exposure reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber M. Hall
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Joseph M. Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
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17
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Endocrine Disruptor Chemicals and Children's Health. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032671. [PMID: 36768991 PMCID: PMC9916521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We are all exposed to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) starting from embryonic life. The fetus and child set up crucial developmental processes allowing adaptation to the environment throughout life: they are extremely sensitive to very low doses of hormones and EDCs because they are developing organisms. Considering the developmental origin of well-being and diseases, every adult organism expresses consequences of the environment in which it developed. The molecular mechanisms through which the main EDCs manifest their effects and their potential association with endocrine disorders, such as diabetes, obesity, thyroid disease and alteration of adrenal hormones, will be reviewed here. Despite 40 years having passed since the first study on EDCs, little is yet known about them; therefore, our purpose is to take stock of the situation to establish a starting point for further studies. Since there is plenty of evidence showing that exposure to EDCs may adversely impact the health of adults and children through altered endocrine function-suggesting their link to endocrinopathies-it is essential in this context to bear in mind what is already known about endocrine disruptors and to deepen our knowledge to establish rules of conduct aimed at limiting exposure to EDCs' negative effects. Considering that during the COVID-19 pandemic an increase in endocrine disruptor effects has been reported, it will also be useful to address this new phenomenon for better understanding its basis and limiting its consequences.
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18
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Ding J, Dai Y, Zhang J, Wang Z, Zhang L, Xu S, Tan R, Guo J, Qi X, Chang X, Wu C, Zhou Z. Associations of perfluoroalkyl substances with adipocytokines in umbilical cord serum: A mixtures approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114654. [PMID: 36309220 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), a kind of emerging environmental endocrine disruptors, may interfere with the secretion of adipokines and affect fetal metabolic function and intrauterine development. However, the epidemiological evidence is limited and inconsistent. We examined the associations of single and multiple PFAS exposures in utero with adipocytokine concentrations in umbilical cord serum. METHODS This study included 1111 mother-infant pairs from Sheyang Mini Birth Cohort Study (SMBCS), and quantified 12 PFAS and two adipokine in umbilical cord serum. Generalized linear models (GLMs) and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) models were applied to estimate the associations of single- and mixed- PFAS exposure with adipokines, respectively. Furthermore, sex-stratification was done in each model to assess the sexually dimorphic effects of PFAS. RESULTS 10 PFAS were detected with median concentrations (μg/L) ranging from 0.04 to 3.97, (except 2.7% for PFOSA and 1.7% for PFDS, which were excluded). In GLMs, for each doubling increase in PFBS, PFHpA, PFHxS, PFHpS, PFUnDA and PFDoDA, leptin decreased between 14.04% for PFBS and 22.69% for PFHpS (P < 0.05). PFAS, except for PFNA, were positively associated with adiponectin, and for each doubling of PFAS, adiponectin increased between 3.27% for PFBS and 12.28% for PFHxS (P < 0.05). In addition, infant gender modified the associations of PFAS with adipokines, especially the associations of PFBS, PFOA and PFHxS with adiponectin. Similarly, significant associations of PFAS mixtures with leptin and adiponectin were observed in the BKMR models. PFDA, PFOS, PFNA and PFHpS were identified as important contributors. In the sex-stratified analysis of BKMR models, the associations between PFAS mixtures and adipokines were more pronounced in males. CONCLUSIONS PFAS levels were significantly associated with adipokines in cord serum, suggesting that intrauterine mixture of PFAS exposure may be related to decreased fetal leptin level but increased fetal adiponectin level and the associations may be sex-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yiming Dai
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Sinan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ruonan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianqiu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaojuan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Xiuli Chang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chunhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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19
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Blake BE, Miller CN, Nguyen H, Chappell VA, Phan TP, Phadke DP, Balik-Meisner MR, Mav D, Shah RR, Fenton SE. Transcriptional pathways linked to fetal and maternal hepatic dysfunction caused by gestational exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) or hexafluoropropylene oxide-dimer acid (HFPO-DA or GenX) in CD-1 mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 248:114314. [PMID: 36436258 PMCID: PMC9742811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) comprise a diverse class of chemicals used in industrial processes, consumer products, and fire-fighting foams which have become environmental pollutants of concern due to their persistence, ubiquity, and associations with adverse human health outcomes, including in pregnant persons and their offspring. Multiple PFAS are associated with adverse liver outcomes in adult humans and toxicological models, but effects on the developing liver are not fully described. Here we performed transcriptomic analyses in the mouse to investigate the molecular mechanisms of hepatic toxicity in the dam and its fetus after exposure to two different PFAS, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and its replacement, hexafluoropropylene oxide-dimer acid (HFPO-DA, known as GenX). Pregnant CD-1 mice were exposed via oral gavage from embryonic day (E) 1.5-17.5 to PFOA (0, 1, or 5 mg/kg-d) or GenX (0, 2, or 10 mg/kg-d). Maternal and fetal liver RNA was isolated (N = 5 per dose/group) and the transcriptome analyzed by Affymetrix Array. Differentially expressed genes (DEG) and differentially enriched pathways (DEP) were obtained. DEG patterns were similar in maternal liver for 5 mg/kg PFOA, 2 mg/kg GenX, and 10 mg/kg GenX (R2: 0.46-0.66). DEG patterns were similar across all 4 dose groups in fetal liver (R2: 0.59-0.81). There were more DEGs in fetal liver compared to maternal liver at the low doses for both PFOA (fetal = 69, maternal = 8) and GenX (fetal = 154, maternal = 93). Upregulated DEPs identified across all groups included Fatty Acid Metabolism, Peroxisome, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Adipogenesis, and Bile Acid Metabolism. Transcriptome-phenotype correlation analyses demonstrated > 1000 maternal liver DEGs were significantly correlated with maternal relative liver weight (R2 >0.92). These findings show shared biological pathways of liver toxicity for PFOA and GenX in maternal and fetal livers in CD-1 mice. The limited overlap in specific DEGs between the dam and fetus suggests the developing liver responds differently than the adult liver to these chemical stressors. This work helps define mechanisms of hepatic toxicity of two structurally unique PFAS and may help predict latent consequences of developmental exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bevin E Blake
- Chemical and Pollutant Assessment Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Colette N Miller
- Cardiopulmonary Immunotoxicology Branch, Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Helen Nguyen
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Vesna A Chappell
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Trina P Phan
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Deepak Mav
- Sciome LLC, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Suzanne E Fenton
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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20
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Goin DE, Abrahamsson D, Wang M, Jiang T, Park JS, Sirota M, Morello-Frosch R, DeMicco E, Zlatnik MG, Woodruff TJ. Disparities in chemical exposures among pregnant women and neonates by socioeconomic and demographic characteristics: A nontargeted approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114158. [PMID: 36049512 PMCID: PMC10016233 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental chemicals during pregnancy adversely affects maternal and infant health, and identifying socio-demographic differences in exposures can inform contributions to health inequities. METHODS We recruited 294 demographically diverse pregnant participants in San Francisco from the Mission Bay/Moffit Long (MB/ML) hospitals, which serve a primarily higher income population, and Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital (ZSFGH), which serves a lower income population. We collected maternal and cord sera, which we screened for 2420 unique formulas and their isomers using high-resolution mass spectrometry using LC-QTOF/MS. We assessed differences in chemical abundances across socioeconomic and demographic groups using linear regression adjusting for false discovery rate. RESULTS Our participants were racially diverse (31% Latinx, 16% Asian/Pacific Islander, 5% Black, 5% other or multi-race, and 43% white). A substantial portion experienced financial strain (28%) and food insecurity (20%) during pregnancy. We observed significant abundance differences in maternal (9 chemicals) and cord sera (39 chemicals) between participants who delivered at the MB/ML hospitals versus ZSFGH. Of the 39 chemical features differentially detected in cord blood, 18 were present in pesticides, one per- or poly-fluoroalkyl substance (PFAS), 21 in plasticizers, 24 in cosmetics, and 17 in pharmaceuticals; 4 chemical features had unknown sources. A chemical feature annotated as 2,4-dichlorophenol had higher abundances among Latinx compared to white participants, those delivering at ZSFGH compared to MB/ML, those with food insecurity, and those with financial strain. Post-hoc QTOF analyses indicated the chemical feature was either 2,4-dichlorophenol or 2,5-dichlorophenol, both of which have potential endocrine-disrupting effects. CONCLUSIONS Chemical exposures differed between delivery hospitals, likely due to underlying social conditions faced by populations served. Differential exposures to 2,4-dichlorophenol or 2,5-dichlorophenol may contribute to disparities in adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana E Goin
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dimitri Abrahamsson
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ting Jiang
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - June-Soo Park
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Marina Sirota
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management and School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Erin DeMicco
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marya G Zlatnik
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tracey J Woodruff
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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21
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Bernal K, Touma C, Erradhouani C, Boronat-Belda T, Gaillard L, Al Kassir S, Le Mentec H, Martin-Chouly C, Podechard N, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Langouet S, Brion F, Knoll-Gellida A, Babin PJ, Sovadinova I, Babica P, Andreau K, Barouki R, Vondracek J, Alonso-Magdalena P, Blanc E, Kim MJ, Coumoul X. Combinatorial pathway disruption is a powerful approach to delineate metabolic impacts of endocrine disruptors. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:3107-3123. [PMID: 35957500 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and chronic liver diseases among others, has been rising for several years. Epidemiology and mechanistic (in vivo, in vitro and in silico) toxicology have recently provided compelling evidence implicating the chemical environment in the pathogenesis of these diseases. In this review, we will describe the biological processes that contribute to the development of metabolic diseases targeted by metabolic disruptors, and will propose an integrated pathophysiological vision of their effects on several organs. With regard to these pathomechanisms, we will discuss the needs, and the stakes of evolving the testing and assessment of endocrine disruptors to improve the prevention and management of metabolic diseases that have become a global epidemic since the end of last century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Bernal
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Charbel Touma
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Chedi Erradhouani
- Université Paris Cité, France.,Ecotoxicologie des substances et des milieux, Parc ALATA, INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Talía Boronat-Belda
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucas Gaillard
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Sara Al Kassir
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM U1211, MRGM, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Hélène Le Mentec
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Corinne Martin-Chouly
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Normand Podechard
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - Sophie Langouet
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, France
| | - François Brion
- Ecotoxicologie des substances et des milieux, Parc ALATA, INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Anja Knoll-Gellida
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM U1211, MRGM, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Patrick J Babin
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM U1211, MRGM, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Iva Sovadinova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Babica
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karine Andreau
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Robert Barouki
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Jan Vondracek
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Paloma Alonso-Magdalena
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Etienne Blanc
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
| | - Min Ji Kim
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France.,Université Paris Cité, France
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22
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Shi F, Almerick T Boncan D, Wan HT, Chan TF, Zhang EL, Lai KP, Wong CKC. Hepatic metabolism gene expression and gut microbes in offspring, subjected to in-utero PFOS exposure and postnatal diet challenges. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136196. [PMID: 36041519 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We examined the changes in hepatic metabolic gene expression and gut microbiota of offspring exposed to PFOS in-utero. At GD17.5, our data showed that PFOS exposure decreased fetal bodyweights and hepatic metabolic gene expressions but increased relative liver mass and lipid accumulation. At PND21, in-utero high-dose PFOS-exposed offspring exhibited significantly greater bodyweight (catch-up-growth), associated with significant induction of hepatic metabolic gene expression. In addition, 16SrRNA-sequencing of the cecal samples revealed an increase in carbohydrate catabolism but a reduction in microbial polysaccharide synthesis and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism. From PND21-80, a postnatal diet-challenge for the offspring was conducted. At PND80 under a normal diet, in-utero high-dose PFOS-exposed offspring maintained the growth "catch-up" effect. In contrast, in a high-fat-diet, the bodyweight of in-utero high-dose PFOS-exposed adult offspring were significantly lesser than the corresponding low-dose and control groups. Even though in the high-fat-diet, the in-utero PFOS-exposed adult offspring showed significant upregulation of hepatic metabolic genes, the lower bodyweight suggests that they had difficulty utilizing high-fat nutrients. Noteworthy, the metagenomic data showed a significant reduction in the biosynthesis of microbial polysaccharides, vitamin B, and SCFAs in the PFOS-exposed adult offspring. Furthermore, the observed effects were significantly reduced in the PFOS-exposed adult offspring with the high-fat diet but supplemented with sucrose. Our study demonstrated that in-utero PFOS exposure caused inefficient fat metabolism and increased the risk of hepatic steatosis in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shi
- State Key Laboratory in Environmental and Biological Analysis, Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Delbert Almerick T Boncan
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hin Ting Wan
- State Key Laboratory in Environmental and Biological Analysis, Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ting Fung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Eric L Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Keng Po Lai
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
| | - Chris Kong-Chu Wong
- State Key Laboratory in Environmental and Biological Analysis, Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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23
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Romano ME, Heggeseth BC, Gallagher LG, Botelho JC, Calafat AM, Gilbert-Diamond D, Karagas MR. Gestational per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and infant body mass index trajectory in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114418. [PMID: 36162478 PMCID: PMC9841894 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are environmentally persistent, potential metabolic disruptors of concern for infants. Mothers participating in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS) provided a plasma sample during pregnancy to measure concentrations of seven PFAS, and infant weight and length were abstracted from well-child visits between birth and 12 months. Sex-specific growth patterns of child body mass index (BMI) were fit using a growth mixture model (GMM) and the relative risk ratios (RRR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) for the association of maternal plasma PFAS with BMI growth patterns during infancy were estimated by using multinomial logistic model for the group probabilities in the GMM. Four growth patterns were identified: Group 1) a steep increase in BMI during the first 6 months, then a leveling off; Group 2) a gradual increase in BMI across the year; Group 3) a steep increase in BMI during months 1-3, then stable BMI; and Group 4) a gradual increase in BMI with plateau around 3 months (reference group). For boys, higher maternal pregnancy perfluorooctanoate concentrations were associated with a 60% decreased chance of being in group 3 as compared to group 4, after adjusting for potential confounding variables (RRR = 0.4; 95% CI: 0.1, 0.9). For girls, higher maternal perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) concentrations during pregnancy were associated with a higher likelihood of following the growth pattern of groups 2 (RRR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.0, 6.1) and 3 (RRR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.0, 7.6) as compared to group 4, adjusting for potential confounding variables. In this cohort, sex-specific associations of maternal plasma PFAS concentrations during pregnancy with growth patterns during the first year of life were observed, with greater BMI growth observed among infant girls born to mothers with higher pregnancy concentrations of PFOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Romano
- Department of Epidemiology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA.
| | - Brianna C Heggeseth
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, Macalester College, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Lisa G Gallagher
- Department of Epidemiology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Julianne Cook Botelho
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
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24
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Gundacker C, Audouze K, Widhalm R, Granitzer S, Forsthuber M, Jornod F, Wielsøe M, Long M, Halldórsson TI, Uhl M, Bonefeld-Jørgensen EC. Reduced Birth Weight and Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: A Review of Possible Underlying Mechanisms Using the AOP-HelpFinder. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10110684. [PMID: 36422892 PMCID: PMC9699222 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS) may impair fetal growth. Our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms is incomplete. We used the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP)-helpFinder tool to search PubMed for studies published until March 2021 that examined PFAS exposure in relation to birth weight, oxidative stress, hormones/hormone receptors, or growth signaling pathways. Of these 1880 articles, 106 experimental studies remained after abstract screening. One clear finding is that PFAS are associated with oxidative stress in in vivo animal studies and in vitro studies. It appears that PFAS-induced reactive-oxygen species (ROS) generation triggers increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ expression and activation of growth signaling pathways, leading to hyperdifferentiation of pre-adipocytes. Fewer proliferating pre-adipocytes result in lower adipose tissue weight and in this way may reduce birth weight. PFAS may also impair fetal growth through endocrine effects. Estrogenic effects have been noted in in vivo and in vitro studies. Overall, data suggest thyroid-damaging effects of PFAS affecting thyroid hormones, thyroid hormone gene expression, and histology that are associated in animal studies with decreased body and organ weight. The effects of PFAS on the complex relationships between oxidative stress, endocrine system function, adipogenesis, and fetal growth should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Gundacker
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40160-56503
| | - Karine Audouze
- Unit T3S, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1124, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Raimund Widhalm
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Granitzer
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Forsthuber
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Florence Jornod
- Unit T3S, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1124, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Maria Wielsøe
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Manhai Long
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thórhallur Ingi Halldórsson
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Uhl
- Environment Agency Austria, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Cecilie Bonefeld-Jørgensen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Greenland Center for Health Research, Greenland University, Nuuk 3905, Greenland
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25
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Braun JM, Papandonatos GD, Li N, Sears CG, Buckley JP, Cecil KM, Chen A, Eaton CB, Kalkwarf HJ, Kelsey KT, Lanphear BP, Yolton K. Physical activity modifies the relation between gestational perfluorooctanoic acid exposure and adolescent cardiometabolic risk. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114021. [PMID: 35952751 PMCID: PMC9637371 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) - endocrine disrupting chemicals - may increase cardiometabolic risk. We evaluated whether adolescent lifestyle factors modified associations between gestational PFAS exposure and cardiometabolic risk using a prospective cohort study. METHODS In 166 mother-child pairs (HOME Study), we measured concentrations of four PFAS in maternal serum collected during pregnancy. When children were age 12 years, we calculated cardiometabolic risk scores from visceral adiposity area, blood pressure, and fasting serum biomarkers. We assessed adolescent physical activity and Healthy Eating Index scores using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C), actigraphy, and 24-h diet recalls. Using multivariable linear regression and weighted quantile sum regression, we examined whether physical activity or diet modified covariate-adjusted associations of PFAS and their mixture with cardiometabolic risk scores. RESULTS Physical activity modified associations between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and cardiometabolic risk scores. Each doubling of PFOA was associated with worse cardiometabolic risk scores among children with PAQ-C scores < median (β:1.4; 95% CI:0.5, 2.2, n = 82), but not among those with PAQ-C scores ≥ median (β: 0.2; 95% CI: 1.2, 0.7, n = 84) (interaction p-value = 0.01). Associations were most prominent for insulin resistance, leptin-adiponectin ratio, and visceral fat area. We observed results suggesting that physical activity modified the association of PFAS mixture with cardiometabolic risk scores, insulin resistance, and visceral fat area (interaction p-values = 0.17, 0.07, and 0.10, respectively); however, the 95% CIs of the interaction terms included the null value. We observed similar, but attenuated patterns for PFOA and actigraphy-based measures of physical activity. Diet did not modify any associations. Physical activity or diet did not modify associations for other PFAS. CONCLUSIONS Childhood physical activity modified associations of prenatal serum PFOA concentrations with children's cardiometabolic risk in this cohort, indicating that lifestyle interventions may ameliorate the adverse effects of PFOA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, Box G-S121, United States.
| | - George D Papandonatos
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, Box G-S121, United States
| | - Clara G Sears
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Jessie P Buckley
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kim M Cecil
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Charles B Eaton
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, Box G-S121, United States; Department of Family Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Kent Memorial Hospital, Warwick, RI, United States
| | - Heidi J Kalkwarf
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Karl T Kelsey
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, Box G-S121, United States; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Bruce P Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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26
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Sevelsted A, Gürdeniz G, Rago D, Pedersen CET, Lasky-Su JA, Checa A, Zhang P, Wheelock CE, Normann SS, Kristensen DM, Rasmussen MA, Schullehner J, Sdougkou K, Martin JW, Stokholm J, Bønnelykke K, Bisgaard H, Chawes B. Effect of perfluoroalkyl exposure in pregnancy and infancy on intrauterine and childhood growth and anthropometry. Sub study from COPSAC2010 birth cohort. EBioMedicine 2022; 83:104236. [PMID: 36030647 PMCID: PMC9434040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perfluoroalkyl substances PFOS and PFOA are persistent and bioaccumulative exogenous chemicals in the human body with a range of suspected negative health effects. It is hypothesised that exposure during prenatal and early postnatal life might have particularly detrimental effects on intrauterine and childhood growth. In a Danish longitudinal mother-child cohort we investigate effect of PFOS and PFOA in pregnancy and infancy on intrauterine and childhood growth and anthropometry. METHODS COPSAC2010 is an ongoing population based mother-child cohort of 738 pregnant women and their children followed from 24 week gestation with longitudinal deep clinical phenotyping until age 10 years. In this observational cohort sub study plasma PFOS and PFOA concentrations were semi-quantified by untargeted metabolomics in the mothers at week 24 and 1 week postpartum and in the children at ages 6 and 18 months and calibrated using a targeted pipeline. We examined associations to intrauterine and childhood growth and anthropometry, including interactions with child sex. Untargeted and targeted blood metabolomics profiles were integrated to investigate underlying mechanisms. FINDINGS Pregnancy plasma PFOA concentrations were associated with lower birth size -0.19 [-0.33; -0.05] BMI z-score per 1-ng/mL and increased childhood height (z-scored) at age 6: 0.18 [0.05; 0.31], but there was no association between childs' own infancy plasma PFOA concentration and height. Pregnancy plasma PFOS concentrations were also associated with lower birth BMI (-0.04 [-0.08; -0.01]), but in childhood pregnancy plasma PFOS concentration interacted with child sex on BMI and fat percentage at 6 years with negative associations in girls and positive in boys. The effect of maternal plasma PFOS concentration on lower girl BMI was borderline mediated through increasing child plasma lactosyl-ceramide levels (p-mediation=0.08). Similarly the effect of maternal plasma PFOS concentration on higher boy fat percentage was borderline mediated through increasing child plasma lactosyl-ceramide levels (p-mediation=0.07). Infancy concentrations of plasma PFOS associated with lower height in childhood, -0.06 z-score at age 6 [-0.19; -0.03]. INTERPRETATION Higher PFOS and PFOA plasma concentrations during pregnancy had detrimental effects on fetal growth. The effects on childhood growth were not similar as PFOA increased child height, opposite of PFOS in multipollutant models suggesting a differing fetal programming effect. Sex specific growth effects were borderline mediated through an altered lactosyl-ceramide metabolism, proposing a possible mechanism of PFOS that has long-lasting health consequences in this observational study. FUNDING All funding received by COPSAC are listed on www.copsac.com. The Lundbeck Foundation (Grant no R16-A1694); The Novo Nordic Foundation (Grant nos NNF20OC0061029, NNF170C0025014, NNF180C0031764) The Ministry of Health (Grant no 903516); Danish Council for Strategic Research (Grant no 0603-00280B) and The Capital Region Research Foundation have provided core support to the COPSAC research center. Effort from JALS is supported by R01HL123915, R01HL141826, and R01HL155742 from NIH/NHLBI. CEW was supported by the Swedish Heart Lung Foundation (HLF 20180290, HLF 20200693). BC has received funding for this project from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 946228). The funding agencies did not have any role in design and conduct of the study; collection, management, and interpretation of the data; or preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Sevelsted
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gözde Gürdeniz
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniela Rago
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Casper-Emil Tingskov Pedersen
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jessica A Lasky-Su
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Antonio Checa
- Unit of Integrative Metabolomics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171-77, Sweden
| | - Pei Zhang
- Unit of Integrative Metabolomics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171-77, Sweden; Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Craig E Wheelock
- Unit of Integrative Metabolomics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171-77, Sweden; Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 141-86, Sweden; Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Stine S Normann
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David M Kristensen
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Arendt Rasmussen
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jörg Schullehner
- Department of Groundwater and Quaternary Geology Mapping, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Aarhus, Denmark; Research Unit for Environment, Work and Health, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kalliroi Sdougkou
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm 114 18, Sweden
| | - Jonathan W Martin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm 114 18, Sweden
| | - Jakob Stokholm
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo Chawes
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Jones LE, Ghassabian A, Lawrence DA, Sundaram R, Yeung E, Kannan K, Bell EM. Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and neonatal immunoglobulin profiles in the upstate KIDS study (2008-2010). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119656. [PMID: 35787426 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Infant exposure to per/polyfluoroalkyl compounds is associated with immune disruption. We examined associations between neonatal concentrations of perflurooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and immunoglobulin (Ig) isotype profiles in a prospective cohort of infants. We measured Ig isotypes, including IgA, IgE, IgM and the IgG subclasses IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4, and PFOA and PFOS in newborn dried bloodspots from N = 3175 infants in the Upstate KIDS Study (2008-2010). We examined the association between newborn Ig isotype levels and individual PFOS and PFOA concentrations using mixed effects regression models with a random intercept to account for twins among study participants. We assessed the joint effect PFOA and PFOS with quantile-based g-computation on all singletons and one randomly selected twin (N = 2901), with Ig categorized as above or below median value. Models were adjusted for infant sex, and maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, race, parity, age and infertility treatment. In adjusted models, PFOA was inversely associated with IgE (coefficient = -0.12 per unit increase in PFOA, 95% CI: -0.065, -0.17), whereas IgG2, IgM, and IgA were positively associated with PFOA (coefficient for IgG2 = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.27; coefficient for IgM = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.15; and coefficient for IgA = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.18). There was no relation between PFOS and Ig isotypes. Analysis of the joint effect of PFOA and PFOS showed an OR of 1.2 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.36) for IgA and OR of 1.12 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.24) for IgG2 levels above the median for every quartile increase. PFOA levels were significantly associated with elevated IgA, IgM, IgG2, and reduced levels of IgE in single-pollutant models. A small but significant joint effect of PFOA and PFOS was observed. Our results suggest that early exposure to PFOA and PFOS may disrupt neonatal immunoglobulin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Jones
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York, Albany, USA.
| | - Akhgar Ghassabian
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, 10016, USA; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, USA.
| | - David A Lawrence
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York, Albany, USA.
| | - Rajeshwari Sundaram
- Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA.
| | - Edwina Yeung
- Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA.
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, 10016, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, 10016, USA.
| | - Erin M Bell
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York, Albany, USA.
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Chen Y, Wang Z, Fang G, Miao M, Liang H, Chen Y, Luan M, Liu X, Wen S, Chen A, Yuan W. Association of prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers at low levels with adiposity measures in children up to 6 years. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:134867. [PMID: 35595104 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The effects of prenatal PBDEs exposure, especially at low levels, on childhood obesity are scarce. No previous studies have investigated the effect modification by breastfeeding on the associations of PBDEs exposure with childhood obesity. We aimed to investigate the associations of prenatal PBDEs exposure with adiposity measures in children up to 6 years, and the effect modification by breastfeeding. Participants were mother-child pairs from the Shanghai-Minhang Birth Cohort study. Nine PBDE congeners were assessed in cord blood plasma. We obtained information about child weight (0-6 years), height (0.5-6 years), arm circumference (0-6 years), and waist circumference (0-6 years) at each follow-up visit. Breastfeeding duration was collected when children were aged 1 year and was categorized as short (≤6 months) and adequate (>6 months). Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the associations of PBDE concentrations with adiposity measures of the children at each age. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were used to estimate the overall associations of PBDEs exposure with adiposity measures. We examined the effect modification by breastfeeding using stratified analyses and by including interaction terms into GEE models. For boys, there was a general profile of positive associations of several PBDE congeners exposure with adiposity measures. Especially, boys with higher BDE-153 concentration had higher adiposity measures at each time point. For girls, we also found positive associations of BDE-100 and -153 exposure with adiposity measures. The GEE models showed consistent patterns for BDE-153 in boys and for BDE-100 and -153 in girls. In breastfeeding-stratified analyses, stronger associations of PBDEs exposure with adiposity measures were generally found in children who were shortly breastfed. Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to PBDEs at low levels may influence childhood adiposity measures, and the potential effects of PBDEs were attenuated by adequate breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Chen
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, China
| | - Ziliang Wang
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, China
| | - Guanghong Fang
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, China
| | - Maohua Miao
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, China
| | - Hong Liang
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, China
| | - Yao Chen
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, China
| | - Min Luan
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, China
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Toxicology, National Reference Laboratory of Dioxin, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Wen
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Toxicology, National Reference Laboratory of Dioxin, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Wei Yuan
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, China.
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Liu J, Guo C, Wang Y, Su M, Huang W, Lai KP. Preclinical insights into fucoidan as a nutraceutical compound against perfluorooctanoic acid-associated obesity via targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Front Nutr 2022; 9:950130. [PMID: 36034923 PMCID: PMC9413161 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.950130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing global health problem; it has been forecasted that over half of the global population will be obese by 2030. Obesity is complicated with many diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, leading to an economic impact on society. Other than diet, exposure to environmental pollutants is considered a risk factor for obesity. Exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was found to impair hepatic lipid metabolism, resulting in obesity. In this study, we applied network pharmacology and systematic bioinformatics analysis, such as gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses, together with molecular docking, to investigate the targets of fucoidan for treating PFOA-associated obesity through the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Our results identified ten targets of fucoidan, such as glucosylceramidase beta (GBA), glutathione-disulfide reductase (GSR), melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)2, MMP9, nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (NFKB1), RELA Proto-Oncogene, NF-KB Subunit (RELA), nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 (NR1I2), proliferation-activated receptor delta (PPARD), and cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2). GO and KEGG enrichment analyses highlighted their involvement in the pathogenesis of obesity, such as lipid and fat metabolisms. More importantly, the gene cluster is responsible for obesity-associated diseases and disorders, such as insulin resistance (IR), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and diabetic cardiomyopathy, via the control of signaling pathways. The findings of this report provide evidence that fucoidan is a potential nutraceutical product against PFOA-associated obesity through the regulation of ERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Chao Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Guigang City People's Hospital, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang, China
| | - Yuqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Min Su
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Wenjun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Keng Po Lai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
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Dangudubiyyam SV, Mishra JS, Song R, Kumar S. Maternal PFOS exposure during rat pregnancy causes hypersensitivity to angiotensin II and attenuation of endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the uterine arteries. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:1072-1083. [PMID: 35835584 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies show a strong association between environmental exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We tested the hypothesis that gestational PFOS exposure leads to pregnancy complications via alterations in uterine vascular endothelium-independent angiotensin II-related mechanisms and endothelium-derived factors such as nitric oxide. Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to PFOS 0.005, 0.05, 0.5, 5, 10, and 50 μg/mL through drinking water from gestational day 4 to 20, and dams with PFOS 50 μg/mL were used to assess mechanisms. PFOS exposure dose-dependently increased maternal blood pressure but decreased fetal weights. Uterine artery blood flow was lower and resistance index was higher in the PFOS dams. In PFOS dams, uterine artery contractile responses to angiotensin II were significantly greater, whereas contractile responses to K+ depolarization and phenylephrine were unaffected. Plasma angiotensin II levels were not significantly different between control and PFOS dams; however, PFOS exposure significantly increased AGTR1 and decreased AGTR2 protein levels in uterine arteries. Endothelium-dependent relaxation response to acetylcholine was significantly reduced with decreased endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in the uterine arteries of PFOS dams. Left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis were observed, along with increased ejection fraction and fractional shortening in PFOS dams. These results suggest that elevated maternal PFOS levels decrease uterine blood flow and increase vascular resistance via heightened angiotensin II-mediated vasoconstriction and impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation, which provides a molecular mechanism linking elevated maternal PFOS levels with gestational hypertension and fetal growth restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Vidya Dangudubiyyam
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,Endocrinology-Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Jay S Mishra
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ruolin Song
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sathish Kumar
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA.,Endocrinology-Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
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Ku MS, Pan WC, Huang YT, Hsieh WS, Hsu YH, Chen PC, Liu CY. Associations between prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances, hypomethylation of MEST imprinted gene and birth outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 304:119183. [PMID: 35331797 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) exposure has been linked to adverse birth outcomes, but the underlying mechanism has yet to be elucidated. DNA methylation changes in mesoderm-specific transcript (MEST) imprinted gene may be a mechanism of the prenatal exposure effects of PFASs on fetal growth. The aim was to investigate the prenatal PFASs exposure effects on DNA methylation changes in MEST imprinted gene involved in fetal growth. Among 486 mother-infant pairs from the Taiwan Birth Panel Study, PFASs and DNA methylation levels at 5 CpG sites of MEST promoter region were measured in cord blood. Univariable and multivariable linear regressions were performed to estimate the associations between prenatal PFAS exposure, MEST DNA methylation levels, and child birth outcomes. Mediation analysis was performed to examine the potential pathway of MEST methylation between PFASs and birth outcomes. We found that higher prenatal perfluorooctyl sulfonate (PFOS) exposure was significantly associated with lower methylation levels at 5 CpG sites of MEST promoter region (an adjusted β range: -1.56, -2.22). Significant negative associations were also found between MEST methylation levels and child birth weight. Furthermore, the associations between PFOS and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure and MEST methylation levels were more profound in girls than in boys. The mediated effect of average MEST methylation level between PFOS exposure and birth weight was 18.3 (95% CI = 2.1, 40.2; p = 0.014). The direct effect of PFOS exposure to birth weight independent to average MEST methylation level was -93.2 (95% CI = -170.5, -17.8; p = 0.018). In conclusion, our results suggest that prenatal PFAS exposure, especially PFOS, is associated with lower methylation levels at MEST promoter region, which not only leverages the role of imprinted gene in ensuring the integrity of fetal growth but also provides a potential mechanism for evaluating the prenatal exposure effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Sheng Ku
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Pan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Tsung Huang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Shiun Hsieh
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiang Hsu
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, 02131, USA; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Pau-Chung Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Liu
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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32
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Lind PM, Lind L, Salihovic S, Ahlström H, Michaelsson K, Kullberg J, Strand R. Serum levels of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and body composition - A cross-sectional study in a middle-aged population. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112677. [PMID: 35074350 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are endocrine disruptors with a potential to influence fat mass. OBJECTIVE The primary hypothesis tested was that we would find positive relationships for PFAS vs measures of adiposity. METHODS In 321 subjects all aged 50 years in the POEM study, five PFAS (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA)) were measured in serum together with a Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan for determination of fat and lean mass. Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging scan was performed and the body was divided into >1 million voxels. Voxel-wise statistical analysis was carried out by a novel method denoted Imiomics. RESULTS PFOS and PFHxS, did not show any consistent associations with body composition. However, PFOA, and especially PFNA and PFDA, levels were inversely related to most traditional measures reflecting the amount of fat in women, but not in men. In the Imiomics analysis of tissue volume, PFDA and PFNA levels were inversely related to the volume of subcutaneous fat, mainly in the arm, trunk and hip regions in women, while no such clear relationship was seen in men. Also, the visceral fat content of the liver, the pericardium, and the gluteus muscle were inversely related to PFDA and PFNA in women. DISCUSSION Contrary to our hypothesis, some PFAS showed inverse relationships vs measurements of adiposity. CONCLUSION PFOS and PFHxS levels in plasma did not show any consistent associations with body composition, but PFOA, and especially PFNA and PFDA were inversely related to multiple measures reflecting the amount of fat, but in women only.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Monica Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Samira Salihovic
- Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Håkan Ahlström
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Antaros Medical AB, Mölndal, Sweden.
| | - Karl Michaelsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Joel Kullberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Antaros Medical AB, Mölndal, Sweden.
| | - Robin Strand
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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33
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Björvang RD, Mamsen LS. Sexually Dimorphic Accumulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Fetuses. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:909307. [PMID: 35656542 PMCID: PMC9152108 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.909307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Living in an industrialized era, we are exposed to man-made chemicals including persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Previous studies have shown associations of POP exposure with adverse outcomes in humans, wildlife, and the environment, making it a global concern. Exposure during sensitive windows of susceptibility such as fetal development is of particular concern because of the potential increased risk of developing diseases in childhood and adulthood. However, there are limited studies on the sexual dimorphism of POP accumulation during the prenatal period. In this mini-review, we focus on differences in POP concentrations in the placenta and fetal tissues between males and females. We also show the sexually dimorphic adverse outcomes of prenatal exposure to POPs. Overall, our summary shows that males may accumulate higher concentrations of POPs in the placenta and fetal tissues compared to females, although studies are sparse and inconsistent. In addition, there are differences in adverse health outcomes associated to prenatal POP exposure according to sex. Hence, we highly urge researchers investigating the health effects of POP exposure to consider sexual dimorphism in their studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richelle D. Björvang
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linn Salto Mamsen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women, Children and Reproduction, University Hospital of Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Linn Salto Mamsen,
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Heindel JJ, Howard S, Agay-Shay K, Arrebola JP, Audouze K, Babin PJ, Barouki R, Bansal A, Blanc E, Cave MC, Chatterjee S, Chevalier N, Choudhury M, Collier D, Connolly L, Coumoul X, Garruti G, Gilbertson M, Hoepner LA, Holloway AC, Howell G, Kassotis CD, Kay MK, Kim MJ, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Langouet S, Legrand A, Li Z, Le Mentec H, Lind L, Monica Lind P, Lustig RH, Martin-Chouly C, Munic Kos V, Podechard N, Roepke TA, Sargis RM, Starling A, Tomlinson CR, Touma C, Vondracek J, Vom Saal F, Blumberg B. Obesity II: Establishing causal links between chemical exposures and obesity. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 199:115015. [PMID: 35395240 PMCID: PMC9124454 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease with both genetic and environmental components. The prevailing view is that obesity results from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure caused by overeating and insufficient exercise. We describe another environmental element that can alter the balance between energy intake and energy expenditure: obesogens. Obesogens are a subset of environmental chemicals that act as endocrine disruptors affecting metabolic endpoints. The obesogen hypothesis posits that exposure to endocrine disruptors and other chemicals can alter the development and function of the adipose tissue, liver, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and brain, thus changing the set point for control of metabolism. Obesogens can determine how much food is needed to maintain homeostasis and thereby increase the susceptibility to obesity. The most sensitive time for obesogen action is in utero and early childhood, in part via epigenetic programming that can be transmitted to future generations. This review explores the evidence supporting the obesogen hypothesis and highlights knowledge gaps that have prevented widespread acceptance as a contributor to the obesity pandemic. Critically, the obesogen hypothesis changes the narrative from curing obesity to preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerrold J Heindel
- Healthy Environment and Endocrine Disruptor Strategies, Commonweal, Bolinas, CA 92924, USA.
| | - Sarah Howard
- Healthy Environment and Endocrine Disruptor Strategies, Commonweal, Bolinas, CA 92924, USA
| | - Keren Agay-Shay
- Health and Environment Research (HER) Lab, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Israel
| | - Juan P Arrebola
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Karine Audouze
- Department of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Paris, INSERM, T3S, Paris France
| | - Patrick J Babin
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Pessac France
| | - Robert Barouki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Paris, INSERM, T3S, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Amita Bansal
- College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Etienne Blanc
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Paris, INSERM, T3S, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Matthew C Cave
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40402, USA
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Nicolas Chevalier
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cote d'Azur, Cote d'Azur, France
| | - Mahua Choudhury
- College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - David Collier
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Lisa Connolly
- The Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Paris, INSERM, T3S, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Gabriella Garruti
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Michael Gilbertson
- Occupational and Environmental Health Research Group, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland
| | - Lori A Hoepner
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Alison C Holloway
- McMaster University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamilton, Ontario, CA, USA
| | - George Howell
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Christopher D Kassotis
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Mathew K Kay
- College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, INSERM U1124 (T3S), Paris, France
| | | | - Sophie Langouet
- Univ Rennes, INSERM EHESP, IRSET UMR_5S 1085, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Antoine Legrand
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, INSERM U1124 (T3S), Paris, France
| | - Zhuorui Li
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Helene Le Mentec
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, INSERM U1124 (T3S), Paris, France
| | - Lars Lind
- Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P Monica Lind
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robert H Lustig
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - Vesna Munic Kos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Normand Podechard
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, INSERM U1124 (T3S), Paris, France
| | - Troy A Roepke
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Biological Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Robert M Sargis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Il 60612, USA
| | - Anne Starling
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Craig R Tomlinson
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Charbel Touma
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, INSERM U1124 (T3S), Paris, France
| | - Jan Vondracek
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frederick Vom Saal
- Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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Starnes HM, Rock KD, Jackson TW, Belcher SM. A Critical Review and Meta-Analysis of Impacts of Per- and Polyfluorinated Substances on the Brain and Behavior. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:881584. [PMID: 35480070 PMCID: PMC9035516 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.881584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of structurally diverse synthetic organic chemicals that are chemically stable, resistant to degradation, and persistent in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Widespread use of PFAS in industrial processing and manufacturing over the last 70 years has led to global contamination of built and natural environments. The brain is a lipid rich and highly vascularized organ composed of long-lived neurons and glial cells that are especially vulnerable to the impacts of persistent and lipophilic toxicants. Generally, PFAS partition to protein-rich tissues of the body, primarily the liver and blood, but are also detected in the brains of humans, wildlife, and laboratory animals. Here we review factors impacting the absorption, distribution, and accumulation of PFAS in the brain, and currently available evidence for neurotoxic impacts defined by disruption of neurochemical, neurophysiological, and behavioral endpoints. Emphasis is placed on the neurotoxic potential of exposures during critical periods of development and in sensitive populations, and factors that may exacerbate neurotoxicity of PFAS. While limitations and inconsistencies across studies exist, the available body of evidence suggests that the neurobehavioral impacts of long-chain PFAS exposures during development are more pronounced than impacts resulting from exposure during adulthood. There is a paucity of experimental studies evaluating neurobehavioral and molecular mechanisms of short-chain PFAS, and even greater data gaps in the analysis of neurotoxicity for PFAS outside of the perfluoroalkyl acids. Whereas most experimental studies were focused on acute and subchronic impacts resulting from high dose exposures to a single PFAS congener, more realistic exposures for humans and wildlife are mixtures exposures that are relatively chronic and low dose in nature. Our evaluation of the available human epidemiological, experimental, and wildlife data also indicates heightened accumulation of perfluoroalkyl acids in the brain after environmental exposure, in comparison to the experimental studies. These findings highlight the need for additional experimental analysis of neurodevelopmental impacts of environmentally relevant concentrations and complex mixtures of PFAS.
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Lustig RH, Collier D, Kassotis C, Roepke TA, Ji Kim M, Blanc E, Barouki R, Bansal A, Cave MC, Chatterjee S, Choudhury M, Gilbertson M, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Howard S, Lind L, Tomlinson CR, Vondracek J, Heindel JJ. Obesity I: Overview and molecular and biochemical mechanisms. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 199:115012. [PMID: 35393120 PMCID: PMC9050949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic, relapsing condition characterized by excess body fat. Its prevalence has increased globally since the 1970s, and the number of obese and overweight people is now greater than those underweight. Obesity is a multifactorial condition, and as such, many components contribute to its development and pathogenesis. This is the first of three companion reviews that consider obesity. This review focuses on the genetics, viruses, insulin resistance, inflammation, gut microbiome, and circadian rhythms that promote obesity, along with hormones, growth factors, and organs and tissues that control its development. It shows that the regulation of energy balance (intake vs. expenditure) relies on the interplay of a variety of hormones from adipose tissue, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, liver, and brain. It details how integrating central neurotransmitters and peripheral metabolic signals (e.g., leptin, insulin, ghrelin, peptide YY3-36) is essential for controlling energy homeostasis and feeding behavior. It describes the distinct types of adipocytes and how fat cell development is controlled by hormones and growth factors acting via a variety of receptors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, retinoid X, insulin, estrogen, androgen, glucocorticoid, thyroid hormone, liver X, constitutive androstane, pregnane X, farnesoid, and aryl hydrocarbon receptors. Finally, it demonstrates that obesity likely has origins in utero. Understanding these biochemical drivers of adiposity and metabolic dysfunction throughout the life cycle lends plausibility and credence to the "obesogen hypothesis" (i.e., the importance of environmental chemicals that disrupt these receptors to promote adiposity or alter metabolism), elucidated more fully in the two companion reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Lustig
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - David Collier
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States
| | - Christopher Kassotis
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Troy A Roepke
- School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, University of Paris, INSERM U1224 (T3S), 75006 Paris, France
| | - Etienne Blanc
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, University of Paris, INSERM U1224 (T3S), 75006 Paris, France
| | - Robert Barouki
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, University of Paris, INSERM U1224 (T3S), 75006 Paris, France
| | - Amita Bansal
- College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Matthew C Cave
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40402, United States
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Mahua Choudhury
- College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Michael Gilbertson
- Occupational and Environmental Health Research Group, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Research Institute for Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, Rennes, France
| | - Sarah Howard
- Healthy Environment and Endocrine Disruptor Strategies, Commonweal, Bolinas, CA 92924, United States
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Craig R Tomlinson
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, United States
| | - Jan Vondracek
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jerrold J Heindel
- Healthy Environment and Endocrine Disruptor Strategies, Commonweal, Bolinas, CA 92924, United States.
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37
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González MC. Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants as a risk factor of offspring metabolic syndrome development during childhood. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2022; 37:61-70. [PMID: 33866704 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2020-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are exogenous, artificially made chemicals that can disrupt the biological system of individuals and animals. POPs encompass a variety of chemicals including, dioxins, organochlorines (OCs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) that contain a long half-life and highly resistant to biodegradation. These environmental pollutants accumulate over time in adipose tissues of living organisms and alter various insulin function-related genes. Childhood Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) consists of multiple cardiovascular risk factors, insulin function being one of them. Over the years, the incidence of the syndrome has increased dramatically. It is imperative to explore the role of persistent organic pollutants in the development of Childhood Metabolic Syndrome. Some epidemiological studies have reported an association between prenatal exposure to POPs and offspring MetS development throughout childhood. These findings have been replicated in animal studies in which these pollutants exercise negative health outcomes such as obesity and increased waist circumference. This review discusses the role of prenatal exposure to POPs among offspring who develop MetS in childhood, the latest research on the MetS concept, epidemiological and experimental findings on MetS, and the POPs modes of action. This literature review identified consistent research results on this topic. Even though the studies in this review had many strengths, one major weakness was the usage of different combinations of MetS criteria to measure the outcomes. These findings elucidate the urgent need to solidify the pediatric MetS definition. An accurate definition will permit scientists to measure the MetS as a health outcome properly and allow clinicians to diagnose pediatric MetS and provide individualized treatment appropriately.
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Shih YH, Blomberg AJ, Jørgensen LH, Weihe P, Grandjean P. Early-life exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances in relation to serum adipokines in a longitudinal birth cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:111905. [PMID: 34419464 PMCID: PMC10926841 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure has been linked to metabolic health outcomes such as obesity, and changes in adipokine hormones may be one of the underlying biological mechanisms. We prospectively evaluated the associations between prenatal and early childhood exposures to PFASs and adipokines in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS PFAS concentrations were measured in serum samples collected at birth, 18 months, and 5 and 9 years, and adiponectin, leptin, leptin receptor, and resistin were measured in serum samples collected at birth and 9 years. We used multivariable linear regression models to estimate the percent change in serum-adipokine concentrations for a doubling in serum-PFAS concentrations. The potential sex-specific effect of PFAS was assessed by including an interaction term between PFAS and sex in each model. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was implemented to evaluate the overall effect of PFAS mixtures. RESULTS Significant associations with leptin, leptin receptor, and resistin at age 9 years were observed for serum-PFAS concentrations at 18 months and 5 and 9 years, whereas associations for PFAS concentrations at birth were mostly null. However, we observed a positive association between serum-PFHxS at birth and leptin receptor at birth. We found limited evidence regarding modification effect of sex on serum-PFAS concentrations. BKMR findings were consistent and suggested some significant effects of the overall PFAS mixtures at 18 months and 5 and 9 years on adipokine concentrations at 9 years. CONCLUSIONS Given the associations of PFAS exposure with both adipokine hormones and metabolic functions, future studies should include assessment of adipokine hormones when examining PFAS-associated metabolic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Shih
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Annelise J Blomberg
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Louise Helskov Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Pál Weihe
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health, Faroese Hospital System, Torshavn, Faroe Islands; Center of Health Science, University of the Faroe Islands, Torshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Philippe Grandjean
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Lizunkova P, Engdahl E, Borbély G, Gennings C, Lindh C, Bornehag CG, Rüegg J. A Mixture of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Associated with Lower Birth Weight in Children Induces Adipogenesis and DNA Methylation Changes in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042320. [PMID: 35216435 PMCID: PMC8879125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) are man-made compounds that alter functions of the endocrine system. Environmental mixtures of EDCs might have adverse effects on human health, even though their individual concentrations are below regulatory levels of concerns. However, studies identifying and experimentally testing adverse effects of real-life mixtures are scarce. In this study, we aimed at evaluating an epidemiologically identified EDC mixture in an experimental setting to delineate its cellular and epigenetic effects. The mixture was established using data from the Swedish Environmental Longitudinal Mother and child Asthma and allergy (SELMA) study where it was associated with lower birth weight, an early marker for prenatal metabolic programming. This mixture was then tested for its ability to change metabolic programming of human mesenchymal stem cells. In these cells, we assessed if the mixture induced adipogenesis and genome-wide DNA methylation changes. The mixture increased lipid droplet accumulation already at concentrations corresponding to levels measured in the pregnant women of the SELMA study. Furthermore, we identified differentially methylated regions in genes important for adipogenesis and thermogenesis. This study shows that a mixture reflecting human real-life exposure can induce molecular and cellular changes during development that could underlie adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Lizunkova
- Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.L.); (E.E.)
| | - Elin Engdahl
- Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.L.); (E.E.)
| | - Gábor Borbély
- The Swedish Toxicology Sciences Research Center (Swetox), 15257 Södertälje, Sweden;
| | - Chris Gennings
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (C.G.); (C.-G.B.)
| | - Christian Lindh
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, 22363 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Carl-Gustaf Bornehag
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (C.G.); (C.-G.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Karlstad University, 65188 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Joëlle Rüegg
- Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.L.); (E.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-73-7121592
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The Role of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Obesity: A Review of Laboratory and Epidemiological Studies. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10020065. [PMID: 35202251 PMCID: PMC8877532 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are considered as potential obesogens that may affect adipose tissue development and functioning, thus promoting obesity. However, various POPs may have different mechanisms of action. The objective of the present review is to discuss the key mechanisms linking exposure to POPs to adipose tissue dysfunction and obesity. Laboratory data clearly demonstrate that the mechanisms associated with the interference of exposure to POPs with obesity include: (a) dysregulation of adipogenesis regulators (PPARγ and C/EBPα); (b) affinity and binding to nuclear receptors; (c) epigenetic effects; and/or (d) proinflammatory activity. Although in vivo data are generally corroborative of the in vitro results, studies in living organisms have shown that the impact of POPs on adipogenesis is affected by biological factors such as sex, age, and period of exposure. Epidemiological data demonstrate a significant association between exposure to POPs and obesity and obesity-associated metabolic disturbances (e.g., type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome), although the existing data are considered insufficient. In conclusion, both laboratory and epidemiological data underline the significant role of POPs as environmental obesogens. However, further studies are required to better characterize both the mechanisms and the dose/concentration-response effects of exposure to POPs in the development of obesity and other metabolic diseases.
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Su Y, Santucci-Pereira J, Dang NM, Kanefsky J, Rahulkannan V, Hillegass M, Joshi S, Gurdogan H, Chen Z, Bessonneau V, Rudel R, Ser-Dolansky J, Schneider SS, Russo J. Effects of Pubertal Exposure to Butyl Benzyl Phthalate, Perfluorooctanoic Acid, and Zeranol on Mammary Gland Development and Tumorigenesis in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031398. [PMID: 35163327 PMCID: PMC8835802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs)—including butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and zeranol (α-ZAL, referred to as ZAL hereafter)—can interfere with the endocrine system and produce adverse effects. It remains unclear whether pubertal exposure to low doses of BBP, PFOA, and ZAL has an impact on breast development and tumorigenesis. We exposed female Sprague Dawley rats to BBP, PFOA, or ZAL through gavage for 21 days, starting on day 21, and analyzed their endocrine organs, serum hormones, mammary glands, and transcriptomic profiles of the mammary glands at days 50 and 100. We also conducted a tumorigenesis study for rats treated with PFOA and ZAL using a 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) model. Our results demonstrated that pubertal exposure to BBP, PFOA, and ZAL affected endocrine organs and serum hormones, and induced phenotypic and transcriptomic changes. The exposure to PFOA + ZAL induced the most phenotypic and transcriptomic changes in the mammary gland. PFOA + ZAL downregulated the expression of genes related to development at day 50, whereas it upregulated genes associated with tumorigenesis at day 100. PFOA + ZAL exposure also decreased rat mammary tumor latency, reduced the overall survival of rats after DMBA challenge, and affected the histopathology of mammary tumors. Therefore, our study suggests that exposure to low doses of EDCs during the pubertal period could induce changes in the endocrine system and mammary gland development in rats. The inhibition of mammary gland development by PFOA + ZAL might increase the risk of developing mammary tumors through activation of signaling pathways associated with tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Su
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Julia Santucci-Pereira
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Nhi M. Dang
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Joice Kanefsky
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Vishnuprabha Rahulkannan
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Meardey Hillegass
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Shalina Joshi
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Hafsa Gurdogan
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Zhen Chen
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
| | - Vincent Bessonneau
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Suite 302, Newton, MA 02460, USA; (V.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Ruthann Rudel
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Suite 302, Newton, MA 02460, USA; (V.B.); (R.R.)
| | - Jennifer Ser-Dolansky
- Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, UMASS Chan Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, MA 01199, USA; (J.S.-D.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Sallie S. Schneider
- Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, UMASS Chan Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, MA 01199, USA; (J.S.-D.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Jose Russo
- The Irma H Russo, MD-Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA; (J.S.-P.); (N.M.D.); (J.K.); (V.R.); (M.H.); (S.J.); (H.G.); (Z.C.); (J.R.)
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Stratakis N, Rock S, La Merrill MA, Saez M, Robinson O, Fecht D, Vrijheid M, Valvi D, Conti DV, McConnell R, Chatzi VL. Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants and childhood obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of human studies. Obes Rev 2022; 23 Suppl 1:e13383. [PMID: 34766696 PMCID: PMC9512275 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations between prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and childhood obesity. We focused on organochlorines (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane [DDT], dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene [DDE], hexachlorobenzene [HCB], and polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs]), perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) that are the POPs more widely studied in environmental birth cohorts so far. We search two databases (PubMed and Embase) through July/09/2021 and identified 33 studies reporting associations with prenatal organochlorine exposure, 21 studies reporting associations with prenatal PFAS, and five studies reporting associations with prenatal PBDEs. We conducted a qualitative review. Additionally, we performed random-effects meta-analyses of POP exposures, with data estimates from at least three prospective studies, and BMI-z. Prenatal DDE and HCB levels were associated with higher BMI z-score in childhood (beta: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.21; I2 : 28.1% per study-specific log increase of DDE and beta: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.53; I2 : 31.9% per study-specific log increase of HCB). No significant associations between PCB-153, PFOA, PFOS, or pentaPBDEs with childhood BMI were found in meta-analyses. In individual studies, there was inconclusive evidence that POP levels were positively associated with other obesity indicators (e.g., waist circumference).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Stratakis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sarah Rock
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michele A La Merrill
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Marc Saez
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Girona, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oliver Robinson
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniela Fecht
- UK Small Area Health Statistics Unit, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Damaskini Valvi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - David V Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vaia Lida Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Svoboda LK, Ishikawa T, Dolinoy DC. Developmental toxicant exposures and sex-specific effects on epigenetic programming and cardiovascular health across generations. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2022; 8:dvac017. [PMID: 36325489 PMCID: PMC9600458 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvac017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite substantial strides in diagnosis and treatment, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to represent the leading cause of death in the USA and around the world, resulting in significant morbidity and loss of productive years of life. It is increasingly evident that environmental exposures during early development can influence CVD risk across the life course. CVDs exhibit marked sexual dimorphism, but how sex interacts with environmental exposures to affect cardiovascular health is a critical and understudied area of environmental health. Emerging evidence suggests that developmental exposures may have multi- and transgenerational effects on cardiovascular health, with potential sex differences; however, further research in this important area is urgently needed. Lead (Pb), phthalate plasticizers, and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants with numerous adverse human health effects. Notably, recent evidence suggests that developmental exposure to each of these toxicants has sex-specific effects on cardiovascular outcomes, but the underlying mechanisms, and their effects on future generations, require further investigation. This review article will highlight the role for the developmental environment in influencing cardiovascular health across generations, with a particular emphasis on sex differences and epigenetic mechanisms. In particular, we will focus on the current evidence for adverse multi and transgenerational effects of developmental exposures to Pb, phthalates, and PFAS and highlight areas where further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie K Svoboda
- *Correspondence address. Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Tel: +734-764-2032; E-mail:
| | - Tomoko Ishikawa
- Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dana C Dolinoy
- Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Wang J, Zhang J, Fan Y, Li Z, Tao C, Yan W, Niu R, Huang Y, Xu Q, Wang X, Xu Q, Han L, Lu C. Association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2021; 240:113904. [PMID: 34915280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing evidence suggests that perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) exposure might contribute to the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis to identify the association between PFAS and the risk of GDM. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for appropriate articles about the association between PFASs exposure and the risk of GDM before September 28, 2020. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were summarized by Stata 16.0 through fixed effect models according to heterogeneity. We also carried out subgroup analyses by geographic location, blood sampling time of subjects, method of chemical analysis, study design, sample size, and sampling year. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to explore the robustness of the results. RESULTS A total of eight studies involving 5654 pregnant women were included in the meta-analysis. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure was positively and significantly associated with the risk of GDM (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02-1.59). Exposure to other types of PFASs such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) was not statistically significantly associated with the risk of GDM with the pooled effect estimates of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.86-1.09), 1.03 (95% CI: 0.86-1.24), and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.55-1.16) respectively. CONCLUSION We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between PFASs exposure and GDM and found that PFOA concentration was significantly associated with a higher risk of GDM, which is of great significance for the prevention and control of GDM in public health. Further studies are needed in order to establish causality and clarify the potential mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Jiangsu Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chengzhe Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Wenkai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Rui Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yuna Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qiujin Xu
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Li Han
- Department of Obstetrics, Huai-An First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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Haverinen E, Fernandez MF, Mustieles V, Tolonen H. Metabolic Syndrome and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals: An Overview of Exposure and Health Effects. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:13047. [PMID: 34948652 PMCID: PMC8701112 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is causing a significant health burden among the European population. Current knowledge supports the notion that endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) interfere with human metabolism and hormonal balance, contributing to the conventionally recognized lifestyle-related MetS risk factors. This review aims to identify epidemiological studies focusing on the association between MetS or its individual components (e.g., obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension) and eight HBM4EU priority substances (bisphenol A (BPA), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), phthalates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides and heavy metals (cadmium, arsenic and mercury)). Thus far, human biomonitoring (HBM) studies have presented evidence supporting the role of EDC exposures on the development of individual MetS components. The strength of the association varies between the components and EDCs. Current evidence on metabolic disturbances and EDCs is still limited and heterogeneous, and mainly represent studies from North America and Asia, highlighting the need for well-conducted and harmonized HBM programmes among the European population. Rigorous and ongoing HBM in combination with health monitoring can help to identify the most concerning EDC exposures, to guide future risk assessment and policy actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsi Haverinen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), 00300 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Mariana F. Fernandez
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.F.); (V.M.)
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research and Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.F.F.); (V.M.)
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research and Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hanna Tolonen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), 00300 Helsinki, Finland;
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Kirk AB, Michelsen-Correa S, Rosen C, Martin CF, Blumberg B. PFAS and Potential Adverse Effects on Bone and Adipose Tissue Through Interactions With PPARγ. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6364127. [PMID: 34480479 PMCID: PMC9034324 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a widely dispersed, broad class of synthetic chemicals with diverse biological effects, including effects on adipose and bone differentiation. PFAS most commonly occur as mixtures and only rarely, if ever, as single environmental contaminants. This poses significant regulatory questions and a pronounced need for chemical risk assessments, analytical methods, and technological solutions to reduce the risk to public and environmental health. The effects of PFAS on biological systems may be complex. Each may have several molecular targets initiating multiple biochemical events leading to a number of different adverse outcomes. An exposure to mixtures or coexposures of PFAS complicates the picture further. This review illustrates how PFAS target peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Additionally, we describe how such activation leads to changes in cell differentiation and bone development that contributes to metabolic disorder and bone weakness. This discussion sheds light on the importance of seemingly modest outcomes observed in test animals and highlights why the most sensitive end points identified in some chemical risk assessments are significant from a public health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea B Kirk
- Correspondence: Andrea Kirk, PhD, US EPA Headquarters, William Jefferson Clinton Bldg, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Mail Code 5201P, Washington, DC 20460, USA.
| | - Stephani Michelsen-Correa
- EPA Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Biopesticides and Pollution Prevention Division, Washington, District of Columbia 20460, USA
| | - Cliff Rosen
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA
| | | | - Bruce Blumberg
- University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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Vilcins D, Cortes-Ramirez J, Currie D, Preston P. Early environmental exposures and life-long risk of chronic non-respiratory disease. Paediatr Respir Rev 2021; 40:33-38. [PMID: 34140237 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental hazards occurs from the earliest stages of development. There are a broad range of environmental hazards, and virtually all children are exposed to these hazards during the critical period of growth and development. The burden of many chronic diseases continues to rise, and life course studies have shown that early exposure to environmental hazards is associated with non-communicable disease in later years. This review will discuss the environmental exposures associated with four non-respiratory chronic diseases: obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and neurodevelopmental /neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwan Vilcins
- Children's Health and Environment Program, Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Javier Cortes-Ramirez
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Paige Preston
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Sinisalu L, Yeung LWY, Wang J, Pan Y, Dai J, Hyötyläinen T. Prenatal exposure to poly-/per-fluoroalkyl substances is associated with alteration of lipid profiles in cord-blood. Metabolomics 2021; 17:103. [PMID: 34816353 PMCID: PMC8610959 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-021-01853-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poly-/per-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread environmental pollutants that may induce metabolic perturbations in humans, including particularly alterations in lipid profiles. Prenatal exposure to PFAS can cause lasting effects on offspring metabolic health, however, the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. OBJECTIVES The goal of the study was to investigate the impact of prenatal PFAS exposure on the lipid profiles in cord blood. METHODS Herein, we combined determination of bile acids (BAs) and molecular lipids by liquid chromatography with ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry, and separately quantified cord blood concentrations of sixteen PFAS in a cohort of Chinese infants (104 subjects) in a cross-sectional study. We then evaluated associations between PFAS concentration and lipidome using partial correlation network analysis, debiased sparse partial correlation, linear regression analysis and correlation analysis. RESULTS PFAS levels showed significant associations with the lipid profiles; specifically, PFAS exposure was positively correlated with triacylgycerols (TG) and several bile acids. Importantly, exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) were associated with increased levels of TGs with saturated fatty acids while multiple classes of phospholipids were decreased. In addition, several free fatty acids showed significant positive correlations with PFOS. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that prenatal exposure to PFAS mediated metabolic changes, which may explain the associations reported between PFAS exposure and metabolic health later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanna Sinisalu
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 702 81, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Leo W Y Yeung
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 702 81, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yitao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jiayin Dai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 702 81, Örebro, Sweden.
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Hallberg I, Persson S, Olovsson M, Sirard MA, Damdimopoulou P, Rüegg J, Sjunnesson YCB. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) exposure of bovine oocytes affects early embryonic development at human-relevant levels in an in vitro model. Toxicology 2021; 464:153028. [PMID: 34762985 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has been added to Stockholm Convention for global phase out, but will continue to contribute to the chemical burden in humans for a long time to come due to extreme persistence in the environment. In the body, PFOS is transferred into to the ovarian follicular fluid that surrounds the maturing oocyte. In the present study, bovine cumulus oocyte complexes were exposed to PFOS during 22 h in vitro maturation. Concentrations of 2 ng g-1 (PFOS-02) representing average human exposure and 53 ng g-1 (PFOS-53) relevant to highly exposed groups were used. After exposure, developmental competence was recorded until day 8 after fertilisation. Blastocysts were fixed and either stained to evaluate blastomere number and lipid distribution using confocal microscopy or frozen and pooled for microarray-based gene expression and DNA methylation analyses. PFOS-53 delayed the first cleavage to two-cell stage and beyond at 44 h after fertilisation (p < .01). No reduction of proportion blastocysts were seen at day 8 in either of the groups, but PFOS-53 exposure resulted in delayed development into more advanced stages of blastocysts seen as both reduced developmental stage (p = .001) and reduced number of blastomeres (p = .04). Blastocysts showed an altered lipid distribution that was more pronounced after exposure to PFOS-53 (increased total lipid volume, p=.0003, lipid volume/cell p < .0001) than PFOS-02, where only decreased average lipid droplet size (p=.02) was observed. Gene expression analyses revealed pathways differently regulated in the PFOS-treated groups compared to the controls, which were related to cell death and survival through e.g., P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, which in turn activates tumour protein 53 (TP53). Transcriptomic changes were also associated with metabolic stress response, differentiation and proliferation, which could help to explain the phenotypic changes seen in the blastocysts. The gene expression changes were more pronounced after exposure to PFOS-53 compared to PFOS-02. DNA-methylation changes were associated with similar biological functions as the transcriptomic data, with the most significantly associated pathway being TP53. Collectively, these results reveal that brief PFOS exposure during oocyte maturation alters the early embryo development at concentrations relevant to humans. This study adds to the evidence that PFOS has the potential to affect female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Hallberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, The Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Sara Persson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, The Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Matts Olovsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marc-André Sirard
- Department of Animal Sciences, Laval University, QC G1V 0A6, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pauliina Damdimopoulou
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joëlle Rüegg
- Department of Organismal Biology, Program of Environmental Toxicology, Uppsala University, SE-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ylva C B Sjunnesson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Reproduction, The Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
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