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Zheng Y, Yin K, Li L, Wang X, Li H, Li W, Fang Z. Association between immune-inflammation-based prognostic index and depression: An exploratory cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data. J Affect Disord 2024; 362:75-85. [PMID: 38944294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-inflammatory mediators influence numerous immune and inflammatory pathways, elevating the likelihood of depression. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) emerges as an innovative prognostic indicator, integrating various peripheral blood immune cell subpopulations, specifically neutrophils, platelets, and lymphocytes. This exploratory study aims to examine the correlation between SII and depression. METHODS Data from the 2005-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were utilized. Depression was diagnosed with a Patient Health Questionnaire score of 10 or higher. The relationship between log2-SII and depression incidence was analyzed using a restricted cubic spline (RCS). Logistic regression was employed to calculate the odds ratio of depression concerning log2-SII. In cases of non-linearity, piecewise linear models with change points were applied to assess the associations in both the overall population and specific subgroups. Additionally, subgroup analyses were conducted to determine the applicability of the findings to particular populations. RESULTS A total of 42,133 participants were included in the study, comprising 49.32 % men and 50.68 % women, with an average age of 47.02 ± 17.45 years. RCS analysis demonstrated a J-shaped non-linear relationship between log2-SII and depression incidence. When log2-SII was ≥8.50, SII showed a positive association with depression incidence, even after adjusting for covariates. Additionally, each unit increase in log2-SII corresponded to an 18 % rise in depression incidence (OR = 1.18, 95 % CI: 1.10-1.27). Subgroup analysis further revealed that the association between SII and depression incidence varied across different populations. LIMITATIONS Due to the cross-sectional nature of NHANES, causality or long-term implications cannot be inferred. Further research is needed to ascertain if a longitudinal relationship exists between SII and depression. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a significant and complex non-linear association between SII and depression. However, further basic and prospective studies are necessary to explore SII's impact on depression and clarify its underlying mechanisms. Additionally, these studies will provide a foundation for personalized interventions targeting the immune-inflammatory processes in patients with depression and elevated SII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Zheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Kailin Yin
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xintong Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenlei Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuyuan Fang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Wang MB, Rahmani F, Benzinger TLS, Raji CA. Edge Density Imaging Identifies White Matter Biomarkers of Late-Life Obesity and Cognition. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1899-1912. [PMID: 37196133 PMCID: PMC11272213 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) and obesity are related to disruptions in the white matter (WM) connectome. We examined the link between the WM connectome and obesity and AD through edge-density imaging/index (EDI), a tractography-based method that characterizes the anatomical embedding of tractography connections. A total of 60 participants, 30 known to convert from normal cognition or mild-cognitive impairment to AD within a minimum of 24 months of follow up, were selected from the Alzheimer disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Diffusion-weighted MR images from the baseline scans were used to extract fractional anisotropy (FA) and EDI maps that were subsequently averaged using deterministic WM tractography based on the Desikan-Killiany atlas. Multiple linear and logistic regression analysis were used to identify the weighted sum of tract-specific FA or EDI indices that maximized correlation to body-mass-index (BMI) or conversion to AD. Participants from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS) were used as an independent validation for the BMI findings. The edge-density rich, periventricular, commissural and projection fibers were among the most important WM tracts linking BMI to FA as well as to EDI. WM fibers that contributed significantly to the regression model related to BMI overlapped with those that predicted conversion; specifically in the frontopontine, corticostriatal, and optic radiation pathways. These results were replicated by testing the tract-specific coefficients found using ADNI in the OASIS-4 dataset. WM mapping with EDI enables identification of an abnormal connectome implicated in both obesity and conversion to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell Bond Wang
- Machine Learning Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh/Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Farzaneh Rahmani
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Knight ADRC), Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
| | - Tammie L. S Benzinger
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Knight ADRC), Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
| | - Cyrus A Raji
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Knight ADRC), Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Kéri S, Kancsev A, Kelemen O. Algorithm-Based Modular Psychotherapy Alleviates Brain Inflammation in Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:887. [PMID: 39063640 PMCID: PMC11278507 DOI: 10.3390/life14070887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is marked by prolonged and excessive worry, physical signs of anxiety, and associated neuroinflammation. Traditional treatments, like pharmacotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), often leave residual symptoms and have high relapse rates. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of algorithm-based modular psychotherapy (MoBa), a combination of CBT and mindfulness meditation as validated by the research domain criteria (RDoC), in reducing anxiety and neuroinflammation in GAD. A longitudinal design was used, with 50 patients with GAD undergoing a 12-week MoBa treatment. The patients were investigated pre- and post-treatment using MRI to measure neuroinflammatory markers (DBSI-RF, diffusion-basis spectral imaging-based restricted fraction) in the hippocampus, amygdala, and neocortex. Clinical symptoms were assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7). Results indicated significant reductions in both anxiety symptoms and MRI RF values in the amygdala, suggesting decreased neuroinflammation. A reduction in anxiety was associated with the amelioration of neuroinflammation in the amygdala. These results suggest that MoBa is effective in alleviating both the psychological and neuroinflammatory aspects of GAD, offering a promising personalized treatment approach. Future research should focus on long-term effects and the mechanisms through which MoBa impacts neuroinflammation and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Kéri
- Sztárai Institute, University of Tokaj, 3944 Sárospatak, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alexander Kancsev
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, András Jósa Hospital, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary;
| | - Oguz Kelemen
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bács-Kiskun County Hospital, 6000 Kecskemét, Hungary
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Mamah D, Patel A, Chen S, Wang Y, Wang Q. Diffusion Basis Spectrum Imaging of White Matter in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.07.602402. [PMID: 39005300 PMCID: PMC11245098 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.07.602402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Multiple studies point to the role of neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ), however, there have been few in vivo tools for imaging brain inflammation. Diffusion basis spectrum imaging (DBSI) is an advanced diffusion-based MRI method developed to quantitatively assess microstructural alternations relating to neuroinflammation, axonal fiber, and other white matter (WM) pathologies. Methods We acquired one-hour-long high-directional diffusion MRI data from young control (CON, n = 27), schizophrenia (SCZ, n = 21), and bipolar disorder (BPD, n = 21) participants aged 18-30. We applied Tract-based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) to allow whole-brain WM analyses and compare DBSI-derived isotropic and anisotropic diffusion measures between groups. Clinical relationships of DBSI metrics with clinical symptoms were assessed across SCZ and control participants. Results In SCZ participants, we found a generalized increase in DBSI-derived cellularity (a putative marker of neuroinflammation), a decrease in restricted fiber fraction (a putative marker of apparent axonal density), and an increase in extra-axonal water (a putative marker of vasogenic edema) across several WM tracts. There were only minimal WM abnormalities noted in BPD, mainly in regions of the corpus callosum (increase in DTI-derived RD and extra-axonal water). DBSI metrics showed significant partial correlations with psychosis and mood symptoms across groups. Conclusion Our findings suggest that SCZ involves generalized white matter neuroinflammation, decreased fiber density, and demyelination, which is not seen in bipolar disorder. Larger studies are needed to identify medication-related effects. DBSI metrics could help identify high-risk groups requiring early interventions to prevent the onset of psychosis and improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mamah
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Aakash Patel
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - ShingShiun Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Yong Wang
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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5
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Le GH, Kwan ATH, Guo Z, Wong S, Badulescu S, Gill H, Teopiz KM, Meshkat S, Ceban F, Phan L, Subramaniapillai M, Di Vincenzo JD, Rosenblat JD, Mansur RB, d'Andrea G, Ho R, Rhee TG, McIntyre RS. Impact of elevated body mass index (BMI) on cognitive functioning and inflammation in persons with post-COVID-19 condition: a secondary analysis. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38605630 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2024.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals who have recovered from the acute stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection may be at risk of developing post-COVID-19 condition (PCC), characterised by a spectrum of persisting, non-specific, and functionally impairing symptoms across multiple organ systems. Obesity has been implicated as a risk factor for PCC, mediated by chronic systemic inflammation. The foregoing has also been separately reported to mediate cognitive dysfunction in PCC. METHODS This is a post-hoc analysis of a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating vortioxetine treatment for cognitive impairments in persons with PCC who received vortioxetine or placebo for eight weeks. This analysis comprises baseline data, examining the impact of BMI on cognitive functioning measured by the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) and Trails Making Tests (TMT)-A/B, as well as inflammation, via serum c-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). RESULTS Complete data from 70 participants were statistically analysed and adjusted for age and sex. BMI was negatively correlated with performance on the DSST (β = -0.003, p = 0.047), TMT-A (β = -0.006, p = 0.025), and TMT-B (β = -0.006, p = 0.002). BMI was positively correlated with serum CRP (unstandardized β = 0.193, standardized β = 0.612, p < 0.001) and ESR (β = 0.039, p < 0.001) levels. CONCLUSION We observed a significant negative correlation between BMI and cognitive functioning, and a significant positive correlation between BMI and inflammation in persons with PCC, suggesting a bidirectional interplay between BMI, PCC, and cognitive function; individuals with an elevated BMI may be at a greater risk of developing PCC and/or presenting with greater cognitive deficits mediated by chronic systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gia Han Le
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Angela T H Kwan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ziji Guo
- Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sabrina Wong
- Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sebastian Badulescu
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hartej Gill
- Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kayla M Teopiz
- Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shakila Meshkat
- Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Felicia Ceban
- Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine. McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lee Phan
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Joshua D Rosenblat
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rodrigo B Mansur
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Giacomo d'Andrea
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences University "G d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Roger Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Taeho Greg Rhee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Zhang W, Gorelik AJ, Wang Q, Norton SA, Hershey T, Agrawal A, Bijsterbosch JD, Bogdan R. Associations between COVID-19 and putative markers of neuroinflammation: A diffusion basis spectrum imaging study. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 36:100722. [PMID: 38298902 PMCID: PMC10825665 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 remains a significant international public health concern. Yet, the mechanisms through which symptomatology emerges remain poorly understood. While SARS-CoV-2 infection may induce prolonged inflammation within the central nervous system, the evidence primarily stems from limited small-scale case investigations. To address this gap, our study capitalized on longitudinal UK Biobank neuroimaging data acquired prior to and following COVID-19 testing (N = 416 including n = 224 COVID-19 cases; Mage = 58.6). Putative neuroinflammation was assessed in gray matter structures and white matter tracts using non-invasive Diffusion Basis Spectrum Imaging (DBSI), which estimates inflammation-related cellularity (DBSI-restricted fraction; DBSI-RF) and vasogenic edema (DBSI-hindered fraction; DBSI-HF). We hypothesized that COVID-19 case status would be associated with increases in DBSI markers after accounting for potential confound (age, sex, race, body mass index, smoking frequency, and data acquisition interval) and multiple testing. COVID-19 case status was not significantly associated with DBSI-RF (|β|'s < 0.28, pFDR >0.05), but with greater DBSI-HF in left pre- and post-central gyri and right middle frontal gyrus (β's > 0.3, all pFDR = 0.03). Intriguingly, the brain areas exhibiting increased putative vasogenic edema had previously been linked to COVID-19-related functional and structural alterations, whereas brain regions displaying subtle differences in cellularity between COVID-19 cases and controls included regions within or functionally connected to the olfactory network, which has been implicated in COVID-19 psychopathology. Nevertheless, our study might not have captured acute and transitory neuroinflammatory effects linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection, possibly due to symptom resolution before the imaging scan. Future research is warranted to explore the potential time- and symptom-dependent neuroinflammatory relationship with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Aaron J. Gorelik
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Qing Wang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Sara A. Norton
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Tamara Hershey
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Janine D. Bijsterbosch
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ryan Bogdan
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Kim MS, Pickering TA, Cotter DL, Fraga NR, Luo S, Won CY, Geffner ME, Herting MM. Neural Correlates of Obesity and Inflammation in Children and Adolescents with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. Horm Res Paediatr 2024:000537847. [PMID: 38373413 PMCID: PMC11331025 DOI: 10.1159/000537847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency exhibit an increased prevalence of obesity from childhood including central adiposity and inflammation. There is also an emerging affected brain phenotype in CAH, with decreased cortico-limbic gray matter volumes and white matter abnormalities. We aimed to study the relationship between brain structure, obesity, and inflammation in children and adolescents with CAH compared to controls. METHODS 27 CAH (12.6±3.4y, 16 females) and 35 controls (13.0±2.8y, 20 females) had MRI of gray matter regions of interest [prefrontal cortex (PFC), amygdala, hippocampus] and white matter microstructure [fornix, stria terminalis (ST)]. Anthropometric measures and lab analytes were obtained. Relaimpo analyses (relative importance for linear regression; percent variance) identified which brain structures were most different between groups. Subsequent regressions further quantified the magnitude and direction of these relationships. Correlations analyzed relationships between brain structure, obesity, and inflammation in the context of CAH status. RESULTS PFC (13.3% variance) and its superior frontal (SF) subregion (14%) were most different between CAH and controls for gray matter; ST (16%) for white matter. Patients with CAH had lower caudal middle frontal [β = -0.56, (-0.96, -0.15)] and superior frontal [β = -0.58 (-0.92, -0.25)] subregion volumes, increased orientation dispersion index in the fornix [β = 0.56 (0.01, 1.10)] and ST [β = 0.85 (0.34, 1.36)], and decreased fractional anisotropy in the fornix [β = -0.91 (-1.42, -0.42)] and ST [β = -0.83 (-1.34, -0.33)] (all p's <0.05) indicating axonal disorganization, reduced myelin content, and/or higher microglial density within the affected white matter tracts. For the full cohort, SF was correlated with MCP-1 (r=-0.41), visceral adipose tissue (r=-0.25), and waist-to-height ratio (r=-0.27, all p's <0.05); ST was correlated with MCP-1 (r=0.31) and TNF-α (r= 0.29, all p's <0.05); however, after adjusting for CAH status, almost all correlations were attenuated for significance. CONCLUSIONS Relationships among key brain structures, body composition and inflammatory markers in pediatric patients with CAH could be largely driven by having CAH, with implications for obesity and neuroinflammation in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi S. Kim
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- The Saban Research Institute at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Trevor A. Pickering
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Devyn L. Cotter
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicole R. Fraga
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shan Luo
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cindy Y. Won
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mitchell E. Geffner
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- The Saban Research Institute at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Megan M. Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Wang Q, Schindler SE, Chen G, Mckay NS, McCullough A, Flores S, Liu J, Sun Z, Wang S, Wang W, Hassenstab J, Cruchaga C, Perrin RJ, Fagan AM, Morris JC, Wang Y, Benzinger TLS. Investigating White Matter Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer Disease Using Diffusion-Based Neuroinflammation Imaging. Neurology 2024; 102:e208013. [PMID: 38315956 PMCID: PMC10890836 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000208013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Alzheimer disease (AD) is primarily associated with accumulations of amyloid plaques and tau tangles in gray matter, however, it is now acknowledged that neuroinflammation, particularly in white matter (WM), significantly contributes to the development and progression of AD. This study aims to investigate WM neuroinflammation in the continuum of AD and its association with AD pathologies and cognition using diffusion-based neuroinflammation imaging (NII). METHODS This is a cross-sectional, single-center, retrospective evaluation conducted on an observational study of 310 older research participants who were enrolled in the Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center cohort. Hindered water ratio (HR), an index of WM neuroinflammation, was quantified by a noninvasive diffusion MRI method, NII. The alterations of NII-HR were investigated at different AD stages, classified based on CSF concentrations of β-amyloid (Aβ) 42/Aβ40 for amyloid and phosphorylated tau181 (p-tau181) for tau. On the voxel and regional levels, the relationship between NII-HR and CSF markers of amyloid, tau, and neuroinflammation were examined, as well as cognition. RESULTS This cross-sectional study included 310 participants (mean age 67.1 [±9.1] years), with 52 percent being female. Subgroups included 120 individuals (38.7%) with CSF measures of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2, 80 participants (25.8%) with CSF measures of chitinase-3-like protein 1, and 110 individuals (35.5%) with longitudinal cognitive measures. The study found that cognitively normal individuals with positive CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 and p-tau181 had higher HR than healthy controls and those with positive CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 but negative p-tau181. WM tracts with elevated NII-HR in individuals with positive CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 and p-tau181 were primarily located in the posterior brain regions while those with elevated NII-HR in individuals with positive CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 and p-tau181 connected the posterior and anterior brain regions. A significant negative correlation between NII-HR and CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 was found in individuals with positive CSF Aβ42/Aβ40. Baseline NII-HR correlated with baseline cognitive composite score and predicted longitudinal cognitive decline. DISCUSSION Those findings suggest that WM neuroinflammation undergoes alterations before the onset of AD clinical symptoms and that it interacts with amyloidosis. This highlights the potential value of noninvasive monitoring of WM neuroinflammation in AD progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Suzanne E Schindler
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Gengsheng Chen
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nicole S Mckay
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Austin McCullough
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Shaney Flores
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jingxia Liu
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Zhexian Sun
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Sicheng Wang
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Wenshang Wang
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jason Hassenstab
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Richard J Perrin
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Anne M Fagan
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - John C Morris
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Yong Wang
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Tammie L S Benzinger
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (Q.W., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., S.F., Y.W., T.L.S.B.), Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Q.W., S.E.S., G.C., N.S.M., A.M., J.H., R.J.P., A.M.F., J.C.M., T.L.S.B.), Department of Neurology (S.E.S., J.H., C.C., A.M.F., J.C.M.), Department of Surgery (J.L.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (Z.S.), Department of Electrical and System Engineering (S.W., W.W., Y.W.), Department of Psychiatry (C.C.), Department of Pathology & Immunology (R.J.P.), Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology (Y.W.), and Department of Neurosurgery (T.L.S.B.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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9
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Etholén A, Kouvonen A, Hänninen M, Kulmala J, Rahkonen O, Mänty M, Lallukka T. Individual and dual trajectories of insomnia symptoms and body mass index before and after retirement and their associations with changes in subjective cognitive functioning. Prev Med 2024; 179:107830. [PMID: 38142966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined individual and dual trajectories of insomnia symptoms and body mass index (BMI) before and after retirement, and their associations with changes in subjective cognitive functioning after retirement. METHODS We used the Helsinki Health Study's (n = 2360, 79% women, aged 40-60 at baseline, Finland) repeated surveys to identify the developmental patterns of insomnia symptoms and BMI (2000-2017) and changes in subjective cognitive functioning (2017-2022). We analysed the data using latent group-based dual trajectory modelling and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Three latent groups were identified for insomnia symptoms (stable low, decreasing and increasing symptoms) and BMI (stable healthy weight, stable overweight and stable obesity). Insomnia symptoms were associated with declining subjective cognitive functioning and largely explained the effects in the dual models. CONCLUSION The association between dual trajectories of insomnia symptoms and BMI with subjective cognitive decline is dominated by insomnia symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti Etholén
- Department of Public Health, PO BOX 20 (Tukholmankatu 8 B), 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Anne Kouvonen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, POB 54, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK.
| | - Mirja Hänninen
- Department of Public Health, PO BOX 20 (Tukholmankatu 8 B), 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Western Uusimaa Wellbeing Services County, Social and Health Care Services, P.O. BOX 33, 02033 Espoo, Finland.
| | - Jenni Kulmala
- Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences) and Gerontology Research Center (GEREC), Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland; Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, POB 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland; Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, 171 77 Solna, Sweden.
| | - Ossi Rahkonen
- Department of Public Health, PO BOX 20 (Tukholmankatu 8 B), 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Minna Mänty
- Department of Public Health, PO BOX 20 (Tukholmankatu 8 B), 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Tea Lallukka
- Department of Public Health, PO BOX 20 (Tukholmankatu 8 B), 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
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10
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Hu Y, Li G, Zhang W, Wang J, Ji W, Yu J, Han Y, Cui G, Wang H, Manza P, Volkow N, Ji G, Wang GJ, Zhang Y. Obesity is associated with alterations in anatomical connectivity of frontal-corpus callosum. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae014. [PMID: 38300178 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been linked to abnormal frontal function, including the white matter fibers of anterior portion of the corpus callosum, which is crucial for information exchange within frontal cortex. However, alterations in white matter anatomical connectivity between corpus callosum and cortical regions in patients with obesity have not yet been investigated. Thus, we enrolled 72 obese and 60 age-/gender-matched normal weight participants who underwent clinical measurements and diffusion tensor imaging. Probabilistic tractography with connectivity-based classification was performed to segment the corpus callosum and quantify white matter anatomical connectivity between subregions of corpus callosum and cortical regions, and associations between corpus callosum-cortex white matter anatomical connectivity and clinical behaviors were also assessed. Relative to normal weight individuals, individuals with obesity exhibited significantly greater white matter anatomical connectivity of corpus callosum-orbitofrontal cortex, which was positively correlated with body mass index and self-reported disinhibition of eating behavior, and lower white matter anatomical connectivity of corpus callosum-prefrontal cortex, which was significantly negatively correlated with craving for high-calorie food cues. The findings show that alterations in white matter anatomical connectivity between corpus callosum and frontal regions involved in reward and executive control are associated with abnormal eating behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Guanya Li
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Weibin Ji
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Juan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 4 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Guangbin Cui
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 4 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Haoyi Wang
- College of Westa, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Peter Manza
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, MSC1013, Building 10, Room B2L304, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nora Volkow
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, MSC1013, Building 10, Room B2L304, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Gene-Jack Wang
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, MSC1013, Building 10, Room B2L304, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
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11
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Zhang W, Gorelik AJ, Wang Q, Norton SA, Hershey T, Agrawal A, Bijsterbosch JD, Bogdan R. Associations between COVID-19 and putative markers of neuroinflammation: A diffusion basis spectrum imaging study. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.20.549891. [PMID: 37502886 PMCID: PMC10370178 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.20.549891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 remains a significant international public health concern. Yet, the mechanisms through which symptomatology emerges remain poorly understood. While SARS-CoV-2 infection may induce prolonged inflammation within the central nervous system, the evidence primarily stems from limited small-scale case investigations. To address this gap, our study capitalized on longitudinal UK Biobank neuroimaging data acquired prior to and following COVID-19 testing (N=416 including n=224 COVID-19 cases; Mage=58.6). Putative neuroinflammation was assessed in gray matter structures and white matter tracts using non-invasive Diffusion Basis Spectrum Imaging (DBSI), which estimates inflammation-related cellularity (DBSI-restricted fraction; DBSI-RF) and vasogenic edema (DBSI-hindered fraction; DBSI-HF).We hypothesized that COVID-19 case status would be associated with increases in DBSI markers after accounting for potential confound (age, sex, race, body mass index, smoking frequency, and data acquisition interval) and multiple testing. COVID-19 case status was not significantly associated with DBSI-RF (|β|'s<0.28, pFDR >0.05), but with greater DBSI-HF in left pre- and post-central gyri and right middle frontal gyrus (β's>0.3, all pFDR=0.03). Intriguingly, the brain areas exhibiting increased putative vasogenic edema had previously been linked to COVID-19-related functional and structural alterations, whereas brain regions displaying subtle differences in cellularity between COVID-19 cases and controls included regions within or functionally connected to the olfactory network, which has been implicated in COVID-19 psychopathology. Nevertheless, our study might not have captured acute and transitory neuroinflammatory effects linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection, possibly due to symptom resolution before the imaging scan. Future research is warranted to explore the potential time- and symptom-dependent neuroinflammatory relationship with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Aaron J Gorelik
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Qing Wang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Sara A Norton
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Tamara Hershey
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Janine D Bijsterbosch
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ryan Bogdan
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
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12
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Cheng X, Wang W, Sun C, Sun Y, Zhou C. White Matter Integrity Abnormalities in Healthy Overweight Individuals Revealed by Whole Brain Meta-Analysis of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Studies. J Obes 2023; 2023:7966540. [PMID: 37908490 PMCID: PMC10615581 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7966540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to conduct a coordinate-based meta-analysis (CBMA) to investigate white matter (WM) abnormalities in healthy individuals with overweight or obesity. Methods A systematic literature search using Web of Science and PubMed datasets was performed. Original investigations that used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to explore fractional anisotropy (FA) differences between healthy overweight/obese individuals and normal weight controls were collected. The meta-analysis was conducted using the seed-based d mapping (SDM) software, employing stringent thresholds for significance. Sensitivity analyses and meta-regression analysis were also performed to examine the robustness of the results and explore potential associations with age and body mass index (BMI). Results The analysis included five studies comprising 232 overweight/obese individuals and 219 healthy normal weight controls. The findings showed that overweight/obese individuals exhibited reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) in specific regions, namely, the right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), the splenium of the corpus callosum (CC), and the right median network, cingulum. Meta-regression analysis further revealed that these FA reductions were associated with age. Conclusion These findings provided insights into the potential impact of overweight/obesity on cognition, emotion, and neural functions and highlighted the significance of early prevention and intervention for overweight on the basis of neuroimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Wenchang Wang
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chen Sun
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yana Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Cong Zhou
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Department of Psychology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Huerta-Canseco C, Caba M, Camacho-Morales A. Obesity-mediated Lipoinflammation Modulates Food Reward Responses. Neuroscience 2023; 529:37-53. [PMID: 37591331 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of white adipose tissue (WAT) during obesity is associated with the development of chronic low-grade inflammation, a biological process known as lipoinflammation. Systemic and central lipoinflammation accumulates pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in plasma and also in brain, disrupting neurometabolism and cognitive behavior. Obesity-mediated lipoinflammation has been reported in brain regions of the mesocorticolimbic reward circuit leading to alterations in the perception and consumption of ultra-processed foods. While still under investigation, lipoinflammation targets two major outcomes of the mesocorticolimbic circuit during food reward: perception and motivation ("Wanting") and the pleasurable feeling of feeding ("Liking"). This review will provide experimental and clinical evidence supporting the contribution of obesity- or overnutrition-related lipoinflammation affecting the mesocorticolimbic reward circuit and enhancing food reward responses. We will also address neuroanatomical targets of inflammatory profiles that modulate food reward responses during obesity and describe potential cellular and molecular mechanisms of overnutrition linked to addiction-like behavior favored by brain lipoinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mario Caba
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Alberto Camacho-Morales
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, NL, Mexico; Neurometabolism Unit, Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
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14
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Ly M, Yu GZ, Mian A, Cramer A, Meysami S, Merrill DA, Samara A, Eisenstein SA, Hershey T, Babulal GM, Lenze EJ, Morris JC, Benzinger TLS, Raji CA. Neuroinflammation: A Modifiable Pathway Linking Obesity, Alzheimer's disease, and Depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:853-866. [PMID: 37365110 PMCID: PMC10528955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, depression and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are three major interrelated modern health conditions with complex relationships. Early-life depression may serve as a risk factor for AD, while late-life depression may be a prodrome of AD. Depression affects approximately 23% of obese individuals, and depression itself raises the risk of obesity by 37%. Mid-life obesity independently increases AD risk, while late-life obesity, particularly metabolically healthy obesity, may offer protection against AD pathology. Chronic inflammation serves as a key mechanism linking obesity, AD, and depression, encompassing systemic inflammation from metabolic disturbances, immune dysregulation through the gut microbiome, and direct interactions with amyloid pathology and neuroinflammation. In this review, we explore the biological mechanisms of neuroinflammation in relation to obesity, AD, and depression. We assess the efficacy of therapeutic interventions targeting neuroinflammation and discuss current and future radiological imaging initiatives for studying neuroinflammation. By comprehending the intricate interplay among depression, obesity, and AD, especially the role of neuroinflammation, we can advance our understanding and develop innovative strategies for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ly
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Gary Z Yu
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ali Mian
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Somayeh Meysami
- Pacific Brain Health Center, Pacific Neuroscience Institute Foundation, Santa Monica, CA; Department of Translational Neurosciences, Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA
| | - David A Merrill
- Pacific Brain Health Center, Pacific Neuroscience Institute Foundation, Santa Monica, CA; Department of Translational Neurosciences, Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA
| | - Amjad Samara
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Sarah A Eisenstein
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Tamara Hershey
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ganesh M Babulal
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; Institute of Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Clinical Research and Leadership, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Eric J Lenze
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - John C Morris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Tammie L S Benzinger
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Cyrus A Raji
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO.
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15
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Zhang W, Rutlin J, Eisenstein SA, Wang Y, Barch DM, Hershey T, Bogdan R, Bijsterbosch JD. Neuroinflammation in the Amygdala Is Associated With Recent Depressive Symptoms. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2023; 8:967-975. [PMID: 37164312 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Converging evidence suggests that elevated inflammation may contribute to depression. Yet, the link between peripheral inflammation and neuroinflammation in depression is unclear. Here, using data from the UK Biobank, we estimated associations among depression, C-reactive protein (CRP) as a measure of peripheral inflammation, and neuroinflammation as indexed by diffusion basis spectral imaging-based restricted fraction (DBSI-RF). METHODS DBSI-RF was derived from diffusion-weighted imaging data (N = 11,512) for whole-brain gray matter (global-RF), and regions of interest in the bilateral amygdala (amygdala-RF) and hippocampus (hippocampus-RF), and CRP was estimated from blood (serum) samples. Self-reported recent depression symptoms were measured using a 4-item assessment. Linear regressions were used to estimate associations between CRP and DBSI-RFs with depression while adjusting for the following covariates: age, sex, body mass index, smoking, drinking, and medical conditions. RESULTS Elevated CRP was associated with higher depression symptoms (β = 0.04, false discovery rate-corrected p < .005) and reduced global-RF (β = -0.03, false discovery rate-corrected p < .001). Higher amygdala-RF was associated with elevated depression-an effect resilient to added covariates and CRP (β = 0.02, false discovery rate-corrected p < .05). Interestingly, this association was stronger in individuals with a lifetime history of depression (β = 0.07, p < .005) than in those without (β = 0.03, p < .05). Associations between global-RF or hippocampus-RF with depression were not significant, and no DBSI-RF indices indirectly linked CRP with depression (i.e., mediation effect). CONCLUSIONS Peripheral inflammation and DBSI-RF neuroinflammation in the amygdala are independently associated with depression, consistent with animal studies suggesting distinct pathways of peripheral inflammation and neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of depression and with investigations highlighting the role of the amygdala in stress-induced inflammation and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
| | - Jerrel Rutlin
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Sarah A Eisenstein
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Tamara Hershey
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ryan Bogdan
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.
| | - Janine D Bijsterbosch
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Cruz KLO, Salla DH, Oliveira MP, Silva LE, Vedova LMD, Mendes TF, Bressan CBC, Silva MR, Santos SML, Soares HJ, Mendes RL, Vernke CN, Silva MG, Laurentino AOM, Medeiros FD, Vilela TC, Lemos I, Bitencourt RM, Réus GZ, Streck EL, Mello AH, Rezin GT. Energy metabolism and behavioral parameters in female mice subjected to obesity and offspring deprivation stress. Behav Brain Res 2023; 451:114526. [PMID: 37271313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the behavioral and energy metabolism parameters in female mice subjected to obesity and offspring deprivation (OD) stress. Eighty female Swiss mice, 40 days old, were weighed and divided into two groups: Control group (control diet, n = 40) and Obese group (high-fat diet, n = 40), for induction of the animal model of obesity, the protocol was based on the consumption of a high-fat diet and lasted 8 weeks. Subsequently, the females were subjected to pregnancy, after the birth of the offspring, were divided again into the following groups (n = 20): Control non-deprived (ND), Control + OD, Obese ND, and Obese + OD, for induction of the stress protocol by OD. After the offspring were 21 days old, weaning was performed and the dams were subjected to behavioral tests. The animals were humanely sacrificed, the brain was removed, and brain structures were isolated to assess energy metabolism. Both obesity and OD led to anhedonia in the dams. It was shown that the structures most affected by obesity and OD are the hypothalamus and hippocampus, as evidenced by the mitochondrial dysfunction found in these structures. When analyzing the groups separately, it was observed that OD led to more pronounced mitochondrial damage; however, the association of obesity with OD, as well as obesity alone, also generated damage. Thus, it is concluded that obesity and OD lead to anhedonia in animals and to mitochondrial dysfunction in the hypothalamus and hippocampus, which may lead to losses in feeding control and cognition of the dams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenia L O Cruz
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Daniele H Salla
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Larissa E Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil.
| | - Larissa M D Vedova
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Talita F Mendes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Catarina B C Bressan
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Mariella R Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Sheila M L Santos
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Hevylin J Soares
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Rayane L Mendes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Camila N Vernke
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Marina G Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Ana O M Laurentino
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Fabiana D Medeiros
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Thais C Vilela
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Isabela Lemos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Bitencourt
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Z Réus
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Emilio L Streck
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Aline H Mello
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Gislaine T Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, Brazil
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Criswell SR, Nielsen SS, Faust IM, Shimony JS, White RL, Lenox-Krug J, Racette BA. Neuroinflammation and white matter alterations in occupational manganese exposure assessed by diffusion basis spectrum imaging. Neurotoxicology 2023; 97:25-33. [PMID: 37127223 PMCID: PMC10524700 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate in-vivo neuroinflammation and white matter (WM) microstructural integrity in occupational manganese (Mn) exposure. METHODS We assessed brain inflammation using Diffusion Basis Spectrum Imaging (DBSI) in 26 Mn-exposed welders, 17 Mn-exposed workers, and 26 non-exposed participants. Cumulative Mn exposure was estimated from work histories and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor subsection 3 (UPDRS3) scores were completed by a movement specialist. Tract-based Spatial Statistics allowed for whole-brain voxel-wise WM analyses to compare WM DBSI-derived measures between the Mn-exposed and non-exposed groups. Exploratory grey matter region of interest (ROI) analyses examined the presence of similar alterations in the basal ganglia. We used voxelwise general linear modeling and linear regression to evaluate the association between cumulative Mn exposure, WM or basal ganglia DBSI metrics, and UPDRS3 scores, while adjusting for age. RESULTS Mn-exposed welders had higher DBSI-derived restricted fraction (DBSI-RF), higher DBSI-derived nonrestricted fraction (DBSI-NRF), and lower DBSI-derived fiber fraction (DBSI-FF) in multiple WM tracts (all p < 0.05) in comparison to less-exposed workers and non-exposed participants. Basal ganglia ROI analyses revealed higher average caudate DBSI-NRF and DBSI-derived radial diffusion (DBSI-RD) values in Mn-exposed welders relative to non-exposed participants (p < 0.05). Caudate DBSI-NRF was also associated with greater cumulative Mn exposure and higher UPRDS3 scores. CONCLUSIONS Mn-exposed welders demonstrate greater DBSI-derived indicators of neuroinflammation-related cellularity (DBSI-RF), greater extracellular edema (DBSI-NRF), and lower apparent axonal density (DBSI-FF) in multiple WM tracts suggesting a neuroinflammatory component in the pathophysiology of Mn neurotoxicity. Caudate DBSI-NRF was positively associated with both cumulative Mn exposure and clinical parkinsonism, indicating a possible dose-dependent effect on extracellular edema with associated motor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan R Criswell
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, 2910 N. 3rd Ave, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Susan Searles Nielsen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Irene M Faust
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, 2910 N. 3rd Ave, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Joshua S Shimony
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Robert L White
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; John Cochran Division, St. Louis VA Medical Center, Neurology Section, 915 N. Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63106, USA
| | - Jason Lenox-Krug
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brad A Racette
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, 2910 N. 3rd Ave, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 27 Andrews Rd, Parktown 2193, South Africa
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18
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Burns CI, Boghokian A, Soti V. Obesity and Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction: A Curious Association. Cureus 2023; 15:e42436. [PMID: 37497308 PMCID: PMC10368079 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a medical condition that impacts cognitive function after surgery, particularly major procedures. Patients with POCD may experience physical symptoms, such as depression, anxiety, and fatigue, severely undermining their quality of life. Research establishes the connection between obesity and cognitive dysfunction since patients diagnosed with obesity are more susceptible to cognitive decline. Although obesity poses a significant risk factor for cognitive impairment, the link between obesity and POCD is still inadequately understood. Therefore, this systematic review explores the correlation between obesity and POCD by detailing potential mechanisms underlying this relationship and identifying areas for further research. Following the guidelines for systematic reviews, we conducted a literature search between August 2022 and April 2023, which identified studies with a substantial number of patients with POCD after major surgeries, including coronary artery bypass grafting, gastrointestinal procedures, cholecystectomy, and carotid endarterectomy. Our findings also demonstrated that a significant percentage of these had obesity, which was statistically significant as a risk factor for cognitive decline. Pathological processes, such as changes in vascular endothelium integrity, systemic inflammation induced by obesity, and apolipoprotein E-epsilon-4 expression, have been identified to contribute to POCD after surgery. Despite the promising results, there remains a gap in the literature. Thus, it is crucial to investigate the relationship between obesity and POCD further, uncover more potential underlying pathophysiological processes, and identify therapeutic targets. These measures would enable healthcare practitioners to prevent or reduce cognitive dysfunction associated with obesity in surgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camden I Burns
- Anesthesiology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Elmira, USA
| | - Anto Boghokian
- Cardiology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Elmira, USA
| | - Varun Soti
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Elmira, USA
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Abi-Ghanem C, Salinero AE, Kordit D, Mansour FM, Kelly RD, Venkataganesh H, Kyaw NR, Gannon OJ, Riccio D, Fredman G, Poitelon Y, Belin S, Kopec AM, Robison LS, Zuloaga KL. Sex differences in the effects of high fat diet on underlying neuropathology in a mouse model of VCID. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:31. [PMID: 37208759 PMCID: PMC10199629 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00513-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Damage to the cerebral vasculature can lead to vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). A reduction in blood flow to the brain leads to neuropathology, including neuroinflammation and white matter lesions that are a hallmark of VCID. Mid-life metabolic disease (obesity, prediabetes, or diabetes) is a risk factor for VCID which may be sex-dependent (female bias). METHODS We compared the effects of mid-life metabolic disease between males and females in a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion mouse model of VCID. C57BL/6J mice were fed a control or high fat (HF) diet starting at ~ 8.5 months of age. Three months after diet initiation, sham or unilateral carotid artery occlusion surgery (VCID model) was performed. Three months later, mice underwent behavior testing and brains were collected to assess pathology. RESULTS We have previously shown that in this VCID model, HF diet causes greater metabolic impairment and a wider array of cognitive deficits in females compared to males. Here, we report on sex differences in the underlying neuropathology, specifically white matter changes and neuroinflammation in several areas of the brain. White matter was negatively impacted by VCID in males and HF diet in females, with greater metabolic impairment correlating with less myelin markers in females only. High fat diet led to an increase in microglia activation in males but not in females. Further, HF diet led to a decrease in proinflammatory cytokines and pro-resolving mediator mRNA expression in females but not males. CONCLUSIONS The current study adds to our understanding of sex differences in underlying neuropathology of VCID in the presence of a common risk factor (obesity/prediabetes). This information is crucial for the development of effective, sex-specific therapeutic interventions for VCID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charly Abi-Ghanem
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Abigail E Salinero
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - David Kordit
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Febronia M Mansour
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Richard D Kelly
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Harini Venkataganesh
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Nyi-Rein Kyaw
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Olivia J Gannon
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - David Riccio
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Gabrielle Fredman
- Department Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Yannick Poitelon
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Sophie Belin
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Ashley M Kopec
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Lisa S Robison
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, 3301 College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33314, USA
| | - Kristen L Zuloaga
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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20
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Samara A, Cantoni C, Piccio L, Cross AH, Chahin S. Obesity, gut microbiota, and multiple sclerosis: Unraveling the connection. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 76:104768. [PMID: 37269641 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with chronic mild-grade systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation. Obesity in early childhood and adolescence is also a significant risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS) development. However, the underlying mechanisms that explain the link between obesity and MS development are not fully explored. An increasing number of studies call attention to the importance of gut microbiota as a leading environmental risk factor mediating inflammatory central nervous system demyelination, particularly in MS. Obesity and high-calorie diet are also associated with disturbances in gut microbiota. Therefore, gut microbiota alteration is a plausible connection between obesity and the increased risk of MS development. A greater understanding of this connection could provide additional therapeutic opportunities, like dietary interventions, microbiota-derived products, and exogenous antibiotics and probiotics. This review summarizes the current evidence regarding the relationships between MS, obesity, and gut microbiota. We discuss gut microbiota as a potential link between obesity and increased risk for MS. Additional experimental studies and controlled clinical trials targeting gut microbiota are warranted to unravel the possible causal relationship between obesity and increased risk of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Samara
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Claudia Cantoni
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, United States
| | - Laura Piccio
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States; Brain and Mind Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne H Cross
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Salim Chahin
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.
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Li ZA, Samara A, Ray MK, Rutlin J, Raji CA, Shimony JS, Sun P, Song SK, Hershey T, Eisenstein SA. Childhood obesity is linked to putative neuroinflammation in brain white matter, hypothalamus, and striatum. Cereb Cortex Commun 2023; 4:tgad007. [PMID: 37207193 PMCID: PMC10191798 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is both a consequence and driver of overfeeding and weight gain in rodent obesity models. Advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enable investigations of brain microstructure that suggests neuroinflammation in human obesity. To assess the convergent validity across MRI techniques and extend previous findings, we used diffusion basis spectrum imaging (DBSI) to characterize obesity-associated alterations in brain microstructure in 601 children (age 9-11 years) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study. Compared with children with normal-weight, greater DBSI restricted fraction (RF), reflecting neuroinflammation-related cellularity, was seen in widespread white matter in children with overweight and obesity. Greater DBSI-RF in hypothalamus, caudate nucleus, putamen, and, in particular, nucleus accumbens, correlated with higher baseline body mass index and related anthropometrics. Comparable findings were seen in the striatum with a previously reported restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) model. Gain in waist circumference over 1 and 2 years related, at nominal significance, to greater baseline RSI-assessed restricted diffusion in nucleus accumbens and caudate nucleus, and DBSI-RF in hypothalamus, respectively. Here we demonstrate that childhood obesity is associated with microstructural alterations in white matter, hypothalamus, and striatum. Our results also support the reproducibility, across MRI methods, of findings of obesity-related putative neuroinflammation in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolong Adrian Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States
| | - Amjad Samara
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 United States
| | - Mary Katherine Ray
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Jerrel Rutlin
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Cyrus A Raji
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 United States
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Joshua S Shimony
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Peng Sun
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Department of Imaging Physics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Sheng-Kwei Song
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Tamara Hershey
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 United States
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Sarah A Eisenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
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22
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Hamilton J, Nguyen C, McAvoy M, Roeder N, Richardson B, Quattrin T, Hajnal A, Thanos PK. Calorie restriction, but not Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, increases [ 3 H] PK11195 binding in a rat model of obesity. Synapse 2023; 77:e22258. [PMID: 36352528 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) remains an effective weight-loss method used to treat obesity. While it is successful in combating obesity, there are many lingering questions related to the changes in the brain following RYGB surgery, one of them being its effects on neuroinflammation. While it is known that chronic high-fat diet (HFD) contributes to obesity and neuroinflammation, it remains to be understood whether bariatric surgery can ameliorate diet-induced inflammatory responses. To examine this, rats were assigned to either a normal diet (ND) or a HFD for 8 weeks. Rats fed a HFD were split into the following groups: sham surgery with ad libitum access to HFD (sham-HF); sham surgery with calorie-restricted HFD (sham-FR); RYGB surgery with ad libitum access to HFD (RYGB). Following sham or RYGB surgeries, rats were maintained on their diets for 9 weeks before being euthanized. [3 H] PK11195 autoradiography was then performed on fresh-frozen brain tissue in order to measure activated microglia. Sham-FR rats showed increased [3 H] PK11195 binding in the amygdala (63%), perirhinal (60%), and ectorhinal cortex (53%) compared with the ND rats. Obese rats who had the RYGB surgery did not show this increased inflammatory effect. Since the sham-FR and RYGB rats were fed the same amount of HFD, the surgery itself seems responsible for this attenuation in [3 H] PK11195 binding. We speculate that calorie restriction following obese conditions may be seen as a stressor and contribute to inflammation in the brain. Further research is needed to verify this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Hamilton
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Cynthia Nguyen
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Margaret McAvoy
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Nicole Roeder
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Brittany Richardson
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Teresa Quattrin
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, UBMD Pediatrics, JR Oishei Children's Hospital, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Andras Hajnal
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Panayotis K Thanos
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
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23
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Salas-Venegas V, Santín-Márquez R, Ramírez-Carreto RJ, Rodríguez-Cortés YM, Cano-Martínez A, Luna-López A, Chavarría A, Konigsberg M, López-Díazguerrero NE. Chronic consumption of a hypercaloric diet increases neuroinflammation and brain senescence, promoting cognitive decline in middle-aged female Wistar rats. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1162747. [PMID: 37139092 PMCID: PMC10149996 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1162747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Being overweight and obesity are world health problems, with a higher prevalence in women, defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that increases the risk of chronic diseases. Excess energy leads to adipose expansion, generating hypertrophic adipocytes that produce various pro-inflammatory molecules. These molecules cause chronic low-intensity inflammation, affecting the organism's functioning and the central nervous system (CNS), inducing neuroinflammation. The neuroinflammatory response during obesity occurs in different structures of the CNS involved in memory and learning, such as the cortex and the hippocampus. Here we analyzed how obesity-related peripheral inflammation can affect CNS physiology, generating neuroinflammation and promoting cellular senescence establishment. Since some studies have shown an increase in senescent cells during aging, obesity, and neurodegenerative diseases, we proposed that cellular senescence participation may contribute to the cognitive decline in an obesity model of middle-aged female Wistar rats. The inflammatory state of 6 and 13 months-old female Wistar rats fed with a hypercaloric diet was measured in serum and CNS (cortex and hippocampus). Memory was evaluated using the novel object recognition (NOR) test; the presence of senescent markers was also determined. Our data suggest that the systemic inflammation generated by obesity induces a neuroinflammatory state in regions involved in learning and memory, with an increase in senescent markers, thus proposing senescence as a potential participant in the negative consequences of obesity in cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Salas-Venegas
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberto Santín-Márquez
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Jair Ramírez-Carreto
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yesica María Rodríguez-Cortés
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Agustina Cano-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando Luna-López
- Departamento de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anahí Chavarría
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mina Konigsberg
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma Edith López-Díazguerrero
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Norma Edith López-Díazguerrero,
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24
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Han RH, Johanns TM, Roberts KF, Tao Y, Luo J, Ye Z, Sun P, Blum J, Lin TH, Song SK, Kim AH. Diffusion basis spectrum imaging as an adjunct to conventional MRI leads to earlier diagnosis of high-grade glioma tumor progression versus treatment effect. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad050. [PMID: 37215950 PMCID: PMC10195207 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Following chemoradiotherapy for high-grade glioma (HGG), it is often challenging to distinguish treatment changes from true tumor progression using conventional MRI. The diffusion basis spectrum imaging (DBSI) hindered fraction is associated with tissue edema or necrosis, which are common treatment-related changes. We hypothesized that DBSI hindered fraction may augment conventional imaging for earlier diagnosis of progression versus treatment effect. Methods Adult patients were prospectively recruited if they had a known histologic diagnosis of HGG and completed standard-of-care chemoradiotherapy. DBSI and conventional MRI data were acquired longitudinally beginning 4 weeks post-radiation. Conventional MRI and DBSI metrics were compared with respect to their ability to diagnose progression versus treatment effect. Results Twelve HGG patients were enrolled between August 2019 and February 2020, and 9 were ultimately analyzed (5 progression, 4 treatment effect). Within new or enlarging contrast-enhancing regions, DBSI hindered fraction was significantly higher in the treatment effect group compared to progression group (P = .0004). Compared to serial conventional MRI alone, inclusion of DBSI would have led to earlier diagnosis of either progression or treatment effect in 6 (66.7%) patients by a median of 7.7 (interquartile range = 0-20.1) weeks. Conclusions In the first longitudinal prospective study of DBSI in adult HGG patients, we found that in new or enlarging contrast-enhancing regions following therapy, DBSI hindered fraction is elevated in cases of treatment effect compared to those with progression. Hindered fraction map may be a valuable adjunct to conventional MRI to distinguish tumor progression from treatment effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowland H Han
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tanner M Johanns
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- The Brain Tumor Center, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kaleigh F Roberts
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yu Tao
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jingqin Luo
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Zezhong Ye
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jacob Blum
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tsen-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sheng-Kwei Song
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Albert H Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- The Brain Tumor Center, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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25
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Kor DZL, Jbabdi S, Huszar IN, Mollink J, Tendler BC, Foxley S, Wang C, Scott C, Smart A, Ansorge O, Pallebage-Gamarallage M, Miller KL, Howard AFD. An automated pipeline for extracting histological stain area fraction for voxelwise quantitative MRI-histology comparisons. Neuroimage 2022; 264:119726. [PMID: 36368503 PMCID: PMC10933753 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of MRI and histology in the same post-mortem tissue sample enables direct correlation between MRI and histologically-derived parameters. However, there still lacks a standardised automated pipeline to process histology data, with most studies relying on manual intervention. Here, we introduce an automated pipeline to extract a quantitative histological measure for staining density (stain area fraction, SAF) from multiple immunohistochemical (IHC) stains. The pipeline is designed to directly address key IHC artefacts related to tissue staining and slide digitisation. Here, the pipeline was applied to post-mortem human brain data from multiple subjects, relating MRI parameters (FA, MD, RD, AD, R2*, R1) to IHC slides stained for myelin, neurofilaments, microglia and activated microglia. Utilising high-quality MRI-histology co-registrations, we then performed whole-slide voxelwise comparisons (simple correlations, partial correlations and multiple regression analyses) between multimodal MRI- and IHC-derived parameters. The pipeline was found to be reproducible, robust to artefacts and generalisable across multiple IHC stains. Our partial correlation results suggest that some simple MRI-SAF correlations should be interpreted with caution, due to the co-localisation of other tissue features (e.g., myelin and neurofilaments). Further, we find activated microglia-a generic biomarker of inflammation-to consistently be the strongest predictor of high DTI FA and low RD, which may suggest sensitivity of diffusion MRI to aspects of neuroinflammation related to microglial activation, even after accounting for other microstructural changes (demyelination, axonal loss and general microglia infiltration). Together, these results show the utility of this approach in carefully curating IHC data and performing multimodal analyses to better understand microstructural relationships with MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Z L Kor
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, , United Kingdom.
| | - Saad Jbabdi
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, , United Kingdom
| | - Istvan N Huszar
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, , United Kingdom
| | - Jeroen Mollink
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, , United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin C Tendler
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, , United Kingdom
| | - Sean Foxley
- Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Chaoyue Wang
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, , United Kingdom
| | - Connor Scott
- Academic Unit of Neuropathology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adele Smart
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, , United Kingdom; Academic Unit of Neuropathology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Academic Unit of Neuropathology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Menuka Pallebage-Gamarallage
- Academic Unit of Neuropathology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Karla L Miller
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, , United Kingdom
| | - Amy F D Howard
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, , United Kingdom
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26
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Łuc M, Woźniak M, Rymaszewska J. Neuroinflammation in Dementia—Therapeutic Directions in a COVID-19 Pandemic Setting. Cells 2022; 11:cells11192959. [PMID: 36230921 PMCID: PMC9562181 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although dementia is a heterogenous group of diseases, inflammation has been shown to play a central role in all of them and provides a common link in their pathology. This review aims to highlight the importance of immune response in the most common types of dementia. We describe molecular aspects of pro-inflammatory signaling and sources of inflammatory activation in the human organism, including a novel infectious agent, SARS-CoV-2. The role of glial cells in neuroinflammation, as well as potential therapeutic approaches, are then discussed. Peripheral immune response and increased cytokine production, including an early surge in TNF and IL-1β concentrations activate glia, leading to aggravation of neuroinflammation and dysfunction of neurons during COVID-19. Lifestyle factors, such as diet, have a large impact on future cognitive outcomes and should be included as a crucial intervention in dementia prevention. While the use of NSAIDs is not recommended due to inconclusive results on their efficacy and risk of side effects, the studies focused on the use of TNF antagonists as the more specific target in neuroinflammation are still very limited. It is still unknown, to what degree neuroinflammation resulting from COVID-19 may affect neurodegenerative process and cognitive functioning in the long term with ongoing reports of chronic post-COVID complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Łuc
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Marta Woźniak
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Rymaszewska
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
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27
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Arjmand G, Abbas-Zadeh M, Fardaei M, Eftekhari MH. The Effect of Short-term Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet on Hunger Hormones, Anthropometric Parameters, and Brain Structures in Middle-aged Overweight and Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:422-432. [PMID: 36117580 PMCID: PMC9445865 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2021.90829.2180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background The rising prevalence of obesity, as well as its detrimental effects on the brain, has drawn attention to specific dietary patterns. This study aimed to examine the effect of the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) pattern on anthropometric parameters, hunger hormones, and brain structures in overweight and obese women. Methods This randomized trial was conducted in Shiraz between October 2018 and March 2019. We analyzed 37 healthy women with a mean age of 48±5.38 years and a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 32±0.69 Kg/m2. Participants were randomly allocated to a hypocaloric modified MIND diet or a hypocaloric control diet. Differences in anthropometric, laboratory analysis, and brain structure were determined at baseline and three-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Independent and paired sample t test were used to determine between and within differences. We also used mixed-model ANOVA to compare the mean differences between two-factor groups. Results A more significant weight reduction (P<0.0001), BMI (P<0.0001), percentage of body fat (P=0.03), waist circumference (P=0.01), and Leptin concentration (P=0.03) were found in the MIND diet group. The results also showed a significant increase in Ghrelin (P=0.002) and GLP-1 (P=0.01) levels in the MIND diet group. The findings revealed no differences in the whole and regional brain structures between the two groups. Conclusion For the first time, this study showed that the MIND diet intervention could improve the devastating effect of obesity on metabolic profiles and anthropometric parameters. However, we could not find its effect on brain structures.Trial registration number: IRCT20190427043387N1.A preprint of this study was published at https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.06.28.20142018v1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Arjmand
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Abbas-Zadeh
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Fardaei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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28
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Feijó GDS, Jantsch J, Correia LL, Eller S, Furtado-Filho OV, Giovenardi M, Porawski M, Braganhol E, Guedes RP. Neuroinflammatory responses following zinc or branched-chain amino acids supplementation in obese rats. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1875-1886. [PMID: 35556196 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00996-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The excessive production of pro-inflammatory mediators, characteristic of obesity, leads to neuroinflammation. Zinc (Zn) and the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are supplements known for their immunomodulatory properties. Our goal was to evaluate if Zn or BCAA supplementation can affect long-term recognition memory and neuroinflammatory parameters of obese rats after a high-fat diet (HFD). Three-month-old Wistar rats were divided into six groups: Standard diet (SD) + vehicle; SD + Zn; SD + BCAA; High-fat diet (HFD) + vehicle; HFD + Zn; and HFD + BCAA. Diets were administrated for 19 weeks, Zn (1,2 mg/kg/day) or BCAA (750 mg/kg/day) supplementation was conducted in the last 4 weeks. Long-term recognition memory was evaluated by the novel object recognition test. IL-1β immunoreactivity in the cortex and hippocampus, and IL-6 levels in the cortex tissue were assessed. Astrogliosis were evaluated through GFAP + cell count and morphological analysis (Sholl Method). Zn supplementation improved object recognition memory in HFD-fed rats, which was not observed following BCAA supplementation. The levels of IL-6 in the cerebral cortex were higher after HFD, which was not diminished after neither supplementation. Obesity also led to increased IL-1β immunoreactivity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, which was reduced by Zn. BCAA supplementation also diminished IL-1β immunoreactivity, but only in the hippocampus. We also showed that astrocyte reactivity caused by HFD is area-dependent, being the cerebral cortex more susceptible to the diet. Even though BCAA and Zn can affect IL-1β immunoreactivity and astrocyte morphology, only Zn improved memory. Future studies are needed to clarify the pathways by which Zn improves cognition in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Dos Santos Feijó
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Jantsch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lidia Luz Correia
- Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Sarah Eller
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Orlando Vieira Furtado-Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Márcia Giovenardi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite 245, 308 C, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Marilene Porawski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite 245, 308 C, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Renata Padilha Guedes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite 245, 308 C, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil.
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Kilgore CB, Strain JF, Nelson B, Cooley SA, Rosenow A, Glans M, Cade WT, Reeds DN, Paul RH, Ances BM. Cardiorespiratory Fitness Is Associated With Better White Matter Integrity in Persons Living With HIV. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2022; 89:558-565. [PMID: 34966145 PMCID: PMC9058177 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite improved survival rates, neurocognitive impairment persists in persons living with HIV (PLWH). An active lifestyle is linked to improved cognition among PLWH, yet the neural substrates remain unclear. Diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion basis spectrum imaging measure HIV-related changes in brain white matter integrity. We used these measures of structural brain integrity to assess white matter changes, physical fitness, and cognition in a cross-sectional study of PLWH. METHODS Forty-four virologically well-controlled PLWH were recruited (average age of 56 years, a median recent CD4+ count of 682 cells/mm3). Diffusion tensor imaging -derived fractional anisotropy (FA) and diffusion basis spectrum imaging-derived axonal density were calculated. Cardiorespiratory fitness [maximal volume of oxygen consumption (VO2 max)] was measured by performing indirect calorimetry during exercise to volitional exhaustion. Cardiovascular risk was assessed by the Framingham risk score. Neuropsychological performance (NP) testing evaluated learning, memory, psychomotor/processing speed, and executive function. Partial correlations assessed the relationships among cardiorespiratory fitness, neuroimaging, NP, and HIV clinical metrics (CD4+ count and time since diagnosis). RESULTS Higher VO2 max was associated with higher FA and higher axonal density in multiple white matter tracts, including the corticospinal tract and superior longitudinal fasciculus. Better NP in the motor/psychomotor domain was positively associated with FA and axonal density in diverse tracts including those associated with motor and visuospatial processing. However, higher VO2 max was not associated with NP or HIV clinical metrics. CONCLUSIONS An active lifestyle promoting cardiorespiratory fitness may lead to better white matter integrity and decreased susceptibility to cognitive decline in virologically well-controlled PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin B Kilgore
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jeremy F Strain
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Brittany Nelson
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Sarah A Cooley
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Alexander Rosenow
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michelle Glans
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Dominic N Reeds
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Robert H Paul
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Beau M Ances
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; and
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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30
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Salas-Venegas V, Flores-Torres RP, Rodríguez-Cortés YM, Rodríguez-Retana D, Ramírez-Carreto RJ, Concepción-Carrillo LE, Pérez-Flores LJ, Alarcón-Aguilar A, López-Díazguerrero NE, Gómez-González B, Chavarría A, Konigsberg M. The Obese Brain: Mechanisms of Systemic and Local Inflammation, and Interventions to Reverse the Cognitive Deficit. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 16:798995. [PMID: 35422689 PMCID: PMC9002268 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.798995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are now considered a worldwide pandemic and a growing public health problem with severe economic and social consequences. Adipose tissue is an organ with neuroimmune-endocrine functions, which participates in homeostasis. So, adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia induce a state of chronic inflammation that causes changes in the brain and induce neuroinflammation. Studies with obese animal models and obese patients have shown a relationship between diet and cognitive decline, especially working memory and learning deficiencies. Here we analyze how obesity-related peripheral inflammation can affect central nervous system physiology, generating neuroinflammation. Given that the blood-brain barrier is an interface between the periphery and the central nervous system, its altered physiology in obesity may mediate the consequences on various cognitive processes. Finally, several interventions, and the use of natural compounds and exercise to prevent the adverse effects of obesity in the brain are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Salas-Venegas
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa Pamela Flores-Torres
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México (CDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yesica María Rodríguez-Cortés
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Retana
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Jair Ramírez-Carreto
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Edgar Concepción-Carrillo
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Josefina Pérez-Flores
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Alarcón-Aguilar
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma Edith López-Díazguerrero
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Gómez-González
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México (CDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anahí Chavarría
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mina Konigsberg
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Mina Konigsberg,
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31
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Okudzhava L, Heldmann M, Münte TF. A systematic review of diffusion tensor imaging studies in obesity. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13388. [PMID: 34908217 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major global health problem leading to serious complications. It has been consistently associated with alterations in brain structure. Diffusion tensor imaging is used to examine brain white matter microstructure by assessing the dynamics of water diffusion in white matter tracts. Fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity are two parameters measuring the directionality and rate of diffusion, respectively. Changes in these indices associated with obesity have been previously reported in numerous fiber tracts. This systematic review investigates microstructural white matter alterations in obesity using diffusion tensor imaging. A computerized search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Livivo databases. Based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 31 cross-sectional studies comparing individuals with obesity and lean controls were identified. The studies included mixed-gender samples of children, young, middle-aged, and older adults. The majority of included studies reported decreased fractional anisotropy and increased mean diffusivity associated with elevated body mass index, suggesting white matter abnormalities. Nevertheless, a pattern of alterations is inconsistent across studies. This could be explained by several potential biases assessed by the National Institute of Health quality assessment tool. Furthermore, a direct assessment of body fat is recommended for a more accurate characterization of the brain-body relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Okudzhava
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marcus Heldmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas F Münte
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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32
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Arnoldussen IAC, Morrison MC, Wiesmann M, van Diepen JA, Worms N, Voskuilen M, Verweij V, Geenen B, Gualdo NP, van der Logt L, Gross G, Kleemann R, Kiliaan AJ. Milk fat globule membrane attenuates high fat diet-induced neuropathological changes in obese Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:342-349. [PMID: 34716425 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00998-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Milk-fat globule membrane (MFGM) is a complex structure secreted by the mammary gland and present in mammalian milk. MFGM contains lipids and glycoproteins as well as gangliosides, which may be involved in myelination processes. Notably, myelination and thereby white matter integrity are often altered in obesity. Furthermore, MFGM interventions showed beneficial effects in obesity by affecting inflammatory processes and the microbiome. In this study, we investigated the impact of a dietary MFGM intervention on fat storage, neuroinflammatory processes and myelination in a rodent model of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. METHODS 12-week-old male low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient Leiden mice were exposed to a HFD, a HFD enriched with 3% whey protein lipid concentrate (WPC) high in MFGM components, or a low fat diet. The impact of MFGM supplementation during 24-weeks of HFD-feeding was examined over time by analyzing body weight and fat storage, assessing cognitive tasks and MRI scanning, analyzing myelinization with polarized light imaging and examining neuroinflammation using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We found in this study that 24 weeks of HFD-feeding induced excessive fat storage, increased systolic blood pressure, altered white matter integrity, decreased functional connectivity, induced neuroinflammation and impaired spatial memory. Notably, supplementation with 3% WPC high in MFGM components restored HFD-induced neuroinflammation and attenuated the reduction in hippocampal-dependent spatial memory and hippocampal functional connectivity. CONCLUSIONS We showed that supplementation with WPC high in MFGM components beneficially contributed to hippocampal-dependent spatial memory, functional connectivity in the hippocampus and anti-inflammatory processes in HFD-induced obesity in rodents. Current knowledge regarding exact biological mechanisms underlying these effects should be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse A C Arnoldussen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Martine C Morrison
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands.,Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Wiesmann
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Janna A van Diepen
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, Reckitt Mead Johnson Nutrition Institute, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole Worms
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marijke Voskuilen
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Vivienne Verweij
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bram Geenen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Natàlia Pujol Gualdo
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lonneke van der Logt
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gabriele Gross
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, Reckitt Mead Johnson Nutrition Institute, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Kleemann
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Amanda J Kiliaan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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33
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Fulton S, Décarie-Spain L, Fioramonti X, Guiard B, Nakajima S. The menace of obesity to depression and anxiety prevalence. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:18-35. [PMID: 34750064 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of depression and anxiety is amplified by obesity. Mounting evidence reveals that the psychiatric consequences of obesity stem from poor diet, inactivity, and visceral adipose accumulation. Resulting metabolic and vascular dysfunction, including inflammation, insulin and leptin resistance, and hypertension, have emerged as key risks to depression and anxiety development. Recent research advancements are exposing the important contribution of these different corollaries of obesity and their impact on neuroimmune status and the neural circuits controlling mood and emotional states. Along these lines, this review connects the clinical manifestations of depression and anxiety in obesity to our current understanding of the origins and biology of immunometabolic threats to central nervous system function and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Fulton
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T1J4, Canada.
| | - Léa Décarie-Spain
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T1J4, Canada
| | - Xavier Fioramonti
- NutriNeuro, UMR 1286 INRAE, Bordeaux INP, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bruno Guiard
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), CNRS UMR5169, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Shingo Nakajima
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T1J4, Canada
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34
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Rahmani F, Wang Q, McKay NS, Keefe S, Hantler N, Hornbeck R, Wang Y, Hassenstab J, Schindler S, Xiong C, Morris JC, Benzinger TL, Raji CA. Sex-Specific Patterns of Body Mass Index Relationship with White Matter Connectivity. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:1831-1848. [PMID: 35180116 PMCID: PMC9108572 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is an increasingly recognized modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Increased body mass index (BMI) is related to distinct changes in white matter (WM) fiber density and connectivity. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether sex differentially affects the relationship between BMI and WM structural connectivity. METHODS A cross-sectional sample of 231 cognitively normal participants were enrolled from the Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center. Connectome analyses were done with diffusion data reconstructed using q-space diffeomorphic reconstruction to obtain the spin distribution function and tracts were selected using a deterministic fiber tracking algorithm. RESULTS We identified an inverse relationship between higher BMI and lower connectivity in the associational fibers of the temporal lobe in overweight and obese men. Normal to overweight women showed a significant positive association between BMI and connectivity in a wide array of WM fibers, an association that reversed in obese and morbidly obese women. Interaction analyses revealed that with increasing BMI, women showed higher WM connectivity in the bilateral frontoparietal and parahippocampal parts of the cingulum, while men showed lower connectivity in right sided corticostriatal and corticopontine tracts. Subgroup analyses demonstrated comparable results in participants with and without positron emission tomography or cerebrospinal fluid evidence of brain amyloidosis, indicating that the relationship between BMI and structural connectivity in men and women is independent of AD biomarker status. CONCLUSION BMI influences structural connectivity of WM differently in men and women across BMI categories and this relationship does not vary as a function of preclinical AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Rahmani
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Qing Wang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nicole S. McKay
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sarah Keefe
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nancy Hantler
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Russ Hornbeck
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jason Hassenstab
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Suzanne Schindler
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chengjie Xiong
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C. Morris
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Knight ADRC), Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tammie L.S. Benzinger
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Knight ADRC), Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cyrus A. Raji
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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35
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Olsthoorn L, Vreeken D, Kiliaan AJ. Gut Microbiome, Inflammation, and Cerebrovascular Function: Link Between Obesity and Cognition. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:761456. [PMID: 34938153 PMCID: PMC8685335 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.761456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity affects 13% of the adult population worldwide and this number is only expected to increase. Obesity is known to have a negative impact on cardiovascular and metabolic health, but it also impacts brain structure and function; it is associated with both gray and white matter integrity loss, as well as decreased cognitive function, including the domains of executive function, memory, inhibition, and language. Especially midlife obesity is associated with both cognitive impairment and an increased risk of developing dementia at later age. However, underlying mechanisms are not yet fully revealed. Here, we review recent literature (published between 2010 and March 2021) and discuss the effects of obesity on brain structure and cognition, with a main focus on the contributions of the gut microbiome, white adipose tissue (WAT), inflammation, and cerebrovascular function. Obesity-associated changes in gut microbiota composition may cause increased gut permeability and inflammation, therewith affecting cognitive function. Moreover, excess of WAT in obesity produces pro-inflammatory adipokines, leading to a low grade systemic peripheral inflammation, which is associated with decreased cognition. The blood-brain barrier also shows increased permeability, allowing among others, peripheral pro-inflammatory markers to access the brain, leading to neuroinflammation, especially in the hypothalamus, hippocampus and amygdala. Altogether, the interaction between the gut microbiota, WAT inflammation, and cerebrovascular integrity plays a significant role in the link between obesity and cognition. Future research should focus more on the interplay between gut microbiota, WAT, inflammation and cerebrovascular function to obtain a better understanding about the complex link between obesity and cognitive function in order to develop preventatives and personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette Olsthoorn
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Debby Vreeken
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Bariatric Surgery, Vitalys, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands
| | - Amanda J Kiliaan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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36
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Morys F, Dadar M, Dagher A. Association Between Midlife Obesity and Its Metabolic Consequences, Cerebrovascular Disease, and Cognitive Decline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e4260-e4274. [PMID: 33677592 PMCID: PMC8475210 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Chronic obesity is associated with several complications, including cognitive impairment and dementia. However, we have only piecemeal knowledge of the mechanisms linking obesity to central nervous system damage. Among candidate mechanisms are other elements of obesity-associated metabolic syndrome, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, but also systemic inflammation. While there have been several neuroimaging studies linking adiposity to changes in brain morphometry, a comprehensive investigation of the relationship has so far not been done. OBJECTIVE To identify links between adiposity and cognitive dysfunction. METHODS This observational cohort study (UK Biobank), with an 8-year follow-up, included more than 20 000 participants from the general community, with a mean age of 63 years. Only participants with data available on both baseline and follow-up timepoints were included. The main outcome measures were cognitive performance and mediator variables: hypertension, diabetes, systemic inflammation, dyslipidemia, gray matter measures, and cerebrovascular disease (volume of white matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging). RESULTS Using structural equation modeling, we found that body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat percentage were positively related to higher plasma C-reactive protein, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. In turn, hypertension and diabetes were related to cerebrovascular disease. Finally, cerebrovascular disease was associated with lower cortical thickness and volume and higher subcortical volumes, but also cognitive deficits (largest significant pcorrected = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS We show that adiposity is related to poor cognition, with metabolic consequences of obesity and cerebrovascular disease as potential mediators. The outcomes have clinical implications, supporting a role for the management of adiposity in the prevention of late-life dementia and cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Morys
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Correspondence: Filip Morys, Ph.D., Université McGill, 3801 University Street, H3A 2B4 Montreal, Canada.
| | - Mahsa Dadar
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Alain Dagher
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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37
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Wang J, Beecher K. TSPO: an emerging role in appetite for a therapeutically promising biomarker. Open Biol 2021; 11:210173. [PMID: 34343461 PMCID: PMC8331234 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that an obesogenic Western diet causes neuroinflammatory damage to the brain, which then promotes further appetitive behaviour. Neuroinflammation has been extensively studied by analysing the translocator protein of 18 kDa (TSPO), a protein that is upregulated in the inflamed brain following a damaging stimulus. As a result, there is a rich supply of TSPO-specific agonists, antagonists and positron emission tomography ligands. One TSPO ligand, etifoxine, is also currently used clinically for the treatment of anxiety with a minimal side-effect profile. Despite the neuroinflammatory pathogenesis of diet-induced obesity, and the translational potential of targeting TSPO, there is sparse literature characterizing the effect of TSPO on appetite. Therefore, in this review, the influence of TSPO on appetite is discussed. Three putative mechanisms for TSPO's appetite-modulatory effect are then characterized: the TSPO–allopregnanolone–GABAAR signalling axis, glucosensing in tanycytes and association with the synaptic protein RIM-BP1. We highlight that, in addition to its plethora of functions, TSPO is a regulator of appetite. This review ultimately suggests that the appetite-modulating function of TSPO should be further explored due to its potential therapeutic promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Wang
- Addiction Neuroscience and Obesity Laboratory, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kate Beecher
- Addiction Neuroscience and Obesity Laboratory, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Samara A, Li Z, Rutlin J, Raji CA, Sun P, Song SK, Hershey T, Eisenstein SA. Nucleus accumbens microstructure mediates the relationship between obesity and eating behavior in adults. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:1328-1337. [PMID: 34227242 PMCID: PMC8928440 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Basal ganglia regions are part of the brain's reward-processing networks and are implicated in the neurobiology of obesity and eating disorders. This study examines basal ganglia microstructural properties in adults with and without obesity. METHODS Diffusion basis spectrum imaging (DBSI) images were analyzed to obtain putative imaging markers of neuroinflammation. Relationships between basal ganglia DBSI metrics and reward sensitivity and eating behaviors were also explored. RESULTS A total of 46 participants (25 people with obesity; aged 20-40 years; 37 women) were included. Relative to the people in the normal-weight group, people with obesity had smaller caudate and larger nucleus accumbens (NAcc) volumes (p < 0.05) and lower DBSI fiber fraction (reflecting apparent axonal/dendrite density) in NAcc and putamen, higher DBSI nonrestricted fraction (reflecting tissue edema) in NAcc and caudate, and higher DBSI restricted fraction (reflecting tissue cellularity) in putamen (p ≤ 0.01, all). Increased emotional and reward eating behaviors were related to lower NAcc axonal/dendrite density and greater tissue edema (p ≤ 0.002). The relationships between emotional eating and adiposity measures were mediated by NAcc microstructure. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence that microstructural alterations in basal ganglia relate to obesity and insights linking NAcc microstructure and eating behavior in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Samara
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Zhaolong Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jerrel Rutlin
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Cyrus A. Raji
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Peng Sun
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sheng-Kwei Song
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tamara Hershey
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sarah A. Eisenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Daoust J, Schaffer J, Zeighami Y, Dagher A, García-García I, Michaud A. White matter integrity differences in obesity: A meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 129:133-141. [PMID: 34284063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Some Diffusion Tensor Imaging studies have shown a loss of white matter (WM) integrity linked to impaired cognitive function in obese individuals. However, inconsistent WM integrity changes have been reported. We aimed to identify which WM tracts show consistent changes with obesity. We conducted a systematic search to find studies examining the association between obesity-related measures and Fractional Anisotropy (FA) or Mean Diffusivity. We performed a meta-analysis with FA datasets using Anisotropic Effect Size-Signed Differential Mapping software. The meta-analysis showed that increased obesity measurements were related to reduced FA in the genu of the corpus callosum. We validated our findings using an independent sample from the Human Connectome Project dataset, which supports lower FA in this region in individuals with obesity compared to those with normal weight (p = 0.028). Our findings provide evidence that obesity is associated with reduced WM integrity in the genu of the corpus callosum, a tract linking frontal areas involved in executive function. Future studies are needed on the mechanisms linking obesity with loss of WM integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Daoust
- Research Center of the Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, 2725 chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada; School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2325 rue de l'Université, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Joelle Schaffer
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Québec, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Yashar Zeighami
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Québec, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Alain Dagher
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Québec, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Isabel García-García
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, 585, 08007, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andréanne Michaud
- Research Center of the Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, 2725 chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada; School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2325 rue de l'Université, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Lycopene abrogates obesity-provoked hyperactivity of neurosignalling enzymes, oxidative stress and hypothalamic inflammation in female Wistar rats. Neurochem Int 2021; 149:105125. [PMID: 34245807 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, a global epidemic, has been strongly associated with impairment of brain function. Lycopene has several therapeutic properties and can cross the blood-brain barrier. However, its effects on obesity-provoked brain dysfunction remain unexplored. This study evaluated the potential remediating effects of lycopene on obesity-induced neurological derangements. Thirty-six female Wistar rats (150-200g) were distributed in six groups (n = 6); normal control, obese control, obese + lycopene (20 mg/kg), obese + lycopene (40 mg/kg), normal + lycopene (20 mg/kg), and normal + lycopene (40 mg/kg). Obesity was induced by feeding rats with the Western diet for eight weeks, while normal rats received the control diet. Afterwards, the brain was excised and processed for biochemical, gene expression analyses, and histological evaluations. Obesity-induced brain dysfunction was hallmarked by reduced brain organosomatic index, accumulation of lipids in the cerebrum, and hyperactivity of neurotransmitters-metabolizing enzymes (AChE, ADA, MAO-A, 5'-nucleotidase, and NTPdase). Also, obese rats had decreased antioxidant capacity, with increased oxidative damage, while the expressions of NF-κβ p65 and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) were elevated in the hypothalamus. These observations were validated by histomorphological evaluations, which showed vacuolation in the brain of obese rats. Treatment with lycopene significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the elevated lipid contents and activities of neuronal enzymes, alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation, while improving the histology of the brain, in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, lycopene abrogates obesity-provoked brain dysfunction and may present a safe and viable therapeutic option for the management of neurological perturbations associated with obesity.
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Alexaki VI. The Impact of Obesity on Microglial Function: Immune, Metabolic and Endocrine Perspectives. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071584. [PMID: 34201844 PMCID: PMC8307603 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased life expectancy in combination with modern life style and high prevalence of obesity are important risk factors for development of neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroinflammation is a feature of neurodegenerative diseases, and microglia, the innate immune cells of the brain, are central players in it. The present review discusses the effects of obesity, chronic peripheral inflammation and obesity-associated metabolic and endocrine perturbations, including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and increased glucocorticoid levels, on microglial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileia Ismini Alexaki
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Goodus MT, Carson KE, Sauerbeck AD, Dey P, Alfredo AN, Popovich PG, Bruno RS, McTigue DM. Liver inflammation at the time of spinal cord injury enhances intraspinal pathology, liver injury, metabolic syndrome and locomotor deficits. Exp Neurol 2021; 342:113725. [PMID: 33933462 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The current high obesity rates mean that neurological injuries are increasingly sustained on a background of systemic pathology, including liver inflammation, which likely has a negative impact on outcomes. Because obesity involves complex pathology, the effect of hepatic inflammation alone on neurological recovery is unknown. Thus, here we used a gain-of-function model to test if liver inflammation worsens outcome from spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Results show liver inflammation concomitant with SCI exacerbated intraspinal pathology and impaired locomotor recovery. Hepatic inflammation also potentiated SCI-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), endotoxemia and insulin resistance. Circulating and cerebrospinal levels of the liver-derived protein Fetuin-A were higher in SCI rats with liver inflammation, and, when microinjected into intact spinal cords, Fetuin-A caused macrophage activation and neuron loss. Thus, liver inflammation functions as a disease modifying factor to impair recovery from SCI, and Fetuin-A is a potential neuropathological mediator. Since SCI alone induces acute liver inflammation, the liver may be a novel clinical target for improving recovery from SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Goodus
- The Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kaitlin E Carson
- The Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrew D Sauerbeck
- The Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Priyankar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Anthony N Alfredo
- The Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Phillip G Popovich
- The Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Richard S Bruno
- Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dana M McTigue
- The Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Resveratrol, Metabolic Dysregulation, and Alzheimer's Disease: Considerations for Neurogenerative Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094628. [PMID: 33924876 PMCID: PMC8125227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has traditionally been discussed as a disease where serious cognitive decline is a result of Aβ-plaque accumulation, tau tangle formation, and neurodegeneration. Recently, it has been shown that metabolic dysregulation observed with insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes actively contributes to the progression of AD. One of the pathologies linking metabolic disease to AD is the release of inflammatory cytokines that contribute to the development of brain neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, ultimately resulting in amyloid-beta peptide production and accumulation. Improving these metabolic impairments has been shown to be effective at reducing AD progression and improving cognitive function. The polyphenol resveratrol (RSV) improves peripheral metabolic disorders and may provide similar benefits centrally in the brain. RSV reduces inflammatory cytokine release, improves mitochondrial energetic function, and improves Aβ-peptide clearance by activating SIRT1 and AMPK. RSV has also been linked to improved cognitive function; however, the mechanisms of action are less defined. However, there is evidence to suggest that chronic RSV-driven AMPK activation may be detrimental to synaptic function and growth, which would directly impact cognition. This review will discuss the benefits and adverse effects of RSV on the brain, highlighting the major signaling pathways and some of the gaps surrounding the use of RSV as a treatment for AD.
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Cai S, Aris IM, Yuan WL, Tan KH, Godfrey KM, Gluckman PD, Shek LPC, Chong YS, Yap F, Fortier MV, Meaney MJ, Lee YS, Qiu A. Neonatal amygdala microstructure mediates the relationship between gestational glycemia and offspring adiposity. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2021; 9:e001396. [PMID: 33888539 PMCID: PMC8070871 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To determine if variations in the neonatal amygdala mediate the association between maternal antenatal glycemia and offspring adiposity in early childhood. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS 123 non-obese pregnant women with no pregnancy complications aside from gestational diabetes underwent a 75 g 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test at 26-28 weeks' gestation. Volume and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the neonatal amygdala (5-17 days old) were measured by MRI. The Body Mass Index (BMI) z-scores and sum of skinfold thickness (subscapular and triceps) of these children were tracked up to 60 months of age (18, 24, 36, 48, 54 and 60 months). RESULTS Maternal fasting glucose levels were positively associated with the offspring's sum of skinfold thickness at age 48 months (β=3.12, 95% CI 0.18 to 6.06 mm) and 60 months (β=4.14, 95% CI 0.46 to 7.82 mm) and BMI z-scores at 48 months (β=0.94, 95% CI 0.03 to 1.85), 54 months (β=0.74, 95% CI 0.12 to 1.36) and 60 months (β=0.74, 95% CI 0.08 to 1.39). Maternal fasting glucose was negatively associated with the offspring's FA of the right amygdala (β=-0.019, 95% CI -0.036 to -0.003). Right amygdala FA was negatively associated with the sum of skinfold thickness in the offspring at age 48 months (β=-56.95, 95% CI -98.43 to -15.47 mm), 54 months (β=-46.18, 95% CI -88.57 to -3.78 mm), and 60 months (β=-53.69, 95% CI -105.74 to -1.64 mm). The effect sizes mediated by right amygdala FA between fasting glucose and sum of skinfolds were estimated at β=5.14 (95% CI 0.74 to 9.53) mm (p=0.022), β=4.40 (95% CI 0.08 to 8.72) (p=0.049) mm and β=4.56 (95% CI -0.17 to 9.29) mm (p=0.059) at 48, 54 and 60 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In the offspring of non-obese mothers, gestational fasting glucose concentration is negatively associated with neonatal right amygdala FA and positively associated with childhood adiposity. Neonatal right amygdala FA may be a potential mediator between maternal glycemia and childhood adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Cai
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
- Department for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wen Lun Yuan
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
- The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Aukland, New Zealand
| | - Lynette Pei-Chi Shek
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
- Department for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Marielle V Fortier
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anqi Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Cabral LLP, Browne RAV, Freire YA, Schwade D, Souto GC, Dantas M, Lima FAS, Farias-Junior LF, Costa EC, Barros JF. Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Performance in Multiple Domains of Executive Functions in School-Aged Adolescents. Front Physiol 2021; 12:640765. [PMID: 33737887 PMCID: PMC7960783 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.640765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and performance in multiple domains of executive functions in school–aged adolescents. A sample of 132 adolescents (43% girls) aged 11–16 years were included in this cross–sectional study. Each participant completed a progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance running (PACER) test, computerized cognitive tasks (Attentional Network, Berg’s Card Sorting, Go/No–Go oddball, Sternberg’s Working Memory, and Tower of London) and questionnaire for daytime sleepiness, as well as other factors that might influence cognitive performance (age, sex, school year, pubertal stage, and body mass index – BMI). Generalized linear model was used to calculate the coefficient estimates (β) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) for the cognitive tasks using PACER laps as a predictor, controlling for potential confounding variables. There was a negatively association of PACER laps with planning (β = –17.1, 95% CI –31.9, –2.3) and solution (β = –44.6, 95% CI –75.1, –14.2) time in performing the Tower of London task, as well as with perseverative errors in performing Berg’s task (β = –0.073, 95% CI –0.133, –0.013). Moderating effect of sex was found for the association of PACER laps with completed categories and perseverative errors in Berg’s task (p < 0.05). Mediating effect of BMI was found for the association between PACER laps and NoGo task, revealing a full mediator accounted for 81% of the total effect mediated (standardized indirect effect, –0.069, 95% CI –0.140, –0.020; standardized direct effect, 0.011, 95% CI –0.149, 0.165). No association was found for Attentional or Sternberg’s tasks. The findings suggest that school–aged adolescents with higher CRF level showed better planning and problem–solving abilities and cognitive flexibility. Additionally, the positive association of CRF with cognitive flexibility was sex–moderated and with inhibitory control was BMI–mediated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuri Alberto Freire
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Daniel Schwade
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Costa Souto
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Matheus Dantas
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eduardo Caldas Costa
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Jônatas França Barros
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Lorenzo PM, Crujeiras AB. Potential effects of nutrition-based weight loss therapies in reversing obesity-related breast cancer epigenetic marks. Food Funct 2021; 12:1402-1414. [PMID: 33480953 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01984d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a modifiable risk factor of breast cancer and epigenetic marks were proposed as a relevant mechanistic link. These mechanisms can be remodelled by modifying lifestyle factors and this fact could be useful in the treatment of obesity-related breast cancer. This review aimed to reveal the current evidence on the effects of differences in body composition and lifestyle factors on the risk, treatment, and survival of breast cancer with a focus on the effects of weight loss therapies based on different nutrients, bioactive compounds, and Mediterranean and ketogenic diets to counteract obesity-related breast cancer epigenetic marks. This review was framed on the most relevant and recently published articles and abstracts selected in PubMed using key words related to epigenetics, lifestyle, dietary habits, nutrients, bioactive compounds, ketone bodies, and weight loss treatments in obesity and breast cancer. Several studies have demonstrated that lifestyle interventions, including dietary modifications towards a healthy diet pattern, are effective therapies to prevent the onset of breast cancer and to improve the survival after treatment. These therapies reduce the main factors associated with obesity that are links between adiposity and cancer, including oxidative stress, inflammation and epigenetic mechanisms. However, although sufficient evidence exists regarding the effects of nutrients, dietary patterns, and weight loss therapies to prevent breast cancer or to improve survival, the effects of these strategies on the oncological treatment response were less studied. This review summarises the current scientific evidence regarding these nutritional strategies as adjuvant therapies in the management of obesity-related breast cancer by remodelling epigenetic marks related to carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M Lorenzo
- Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Balasubramanian P, Kiss T, Tarantini S, Nyúl-Tóth Á, Ahire C, Yabluchanskiy A, Csipo T, Lipecz A, Tabak A, Institoris A, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z. Obesity-induced cognitive impairment in older adults: a microvascular perspective. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H740-H761. [PMID: 33337961 PMCID: PMC8091942 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00736.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over two-thirds of individuals aged 65 and older are obese or overweight in the United States. Epidemiological data show an association between the degree of adiposity and cognitive dysfunction in the elderly. In this review, the pathophysiological roles of microvascular mechanisms, including impaired endothelial function and neurovascular coupling responses, microvascular rarefaction, and blood-brain barrier disruption in the genesis of cognitive impairment in geriatric obesity are considered. The potential contribution of adipose-derived factors and fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms of senescence to exacerbated obesity-induced cerebromicrovascular impairment and cognitive decline in aging are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Balasubramanian
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Tamas Kiss
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, Departments of Medical Physics and Informatics & Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, the Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Ádám Nyúl-Tóth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Chetan Ahire
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Tamas Csipo
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Agnes Lipecz
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Tabak
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Institoris
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, Departments of Medical Physics and Informatics & Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, Departments of Medical Physics and Informatics & Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, the Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
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48
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Ly M, Raji CA, Yu GZ, Wang Q, Wang Y, Schindler SE, An H, Samara A, Eisenstein SA, Hershey T, Smith G, Klein S, Liu J, Xiong C, Ances BM, Morris JC, Benzinger TLS. Obesity and White Matter Neuroinflammation Related Edema in Alzheimer's Disease Dementia Biomarker Negative Cognitively Normal Individuals. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 79:1801-1811. [PMID: 33459647 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is related to quantitative neuroimaging abnormalities including reduced gray matter volumes and impaired white matter microstructural integrity, although the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. OBJECTIVE We assessed influence of obesity on neuroinflammation imaging that may mediate brain morphometric changes. Establishing the role of neuroinflammation in obesity will enhance understanding of this modifiable disorder as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. METHODS We analyzed brain MRIs from 104 cognitively normal participants (CDR = 0) and biomarker negativity for CSF amyloid or tau. We classified body mass index (BMI) as normal (BMI <25, N = 62) or overweight and obese (BMI ≥25, N = 42). Blood pressure was measured. BMI and blood pressure classifications were related to neuroinflammation imaging (NII) derived edema fraction in 17 white matter tracts. This metric was also correlated to hippocampal volumes and CSF biomarkers of inflammation and neurodegeneration: YKL-40, SNAP25, VILIP, tau, and NFL. RESULTS Participants with BMI <25 had lower NII-derived edema fraction, with protective effects of normal blood pressure. Statistically significant white matter tracts included the internal capsule, external capsule, and corona radiata, FDR correc-ted for multiple comparisons to alpha = 0.05. Higher NII-derived edema fractions in the internal capsule, corpus callosum, gyrus, and superior fronto-occipital fasciculus were related with smaller hippocampal volumes only in individuals with BMI ≥25. There were no statistically significant correlations between NII-derived edema fraction and CSF biomarkers. CONCLUSION We demonstrate statistically significant relationships between neuroinflammation, elevated BMI, and hippocampal volume, raising implications for neuroinflammation mechanisms of obesity-related brain dysfunction in cognitively normal elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ly
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Scientist Training Program, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Cyrus A Raji
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gary Z Yu
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Scientist Training Program, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Qing Wang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Suzanne E Schindler
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hongyu An
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Amjad Samara
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sarah A Eisenstein
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tamara Hershey
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gordon Smith
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samuel Klein
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jingxia Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chengjie Xiong
- Department of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Beau M Ances
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tammie L S Benzinger
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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49
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Tanaka H, Gourley DD, Dekhtyar M, Haley AP. Cognition, Brain Structure, and Brain Function in Individuals with Obesity and Related Disorders. Curr Obes Rep 2020; 9:544-549. [PMID: 33064270 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-020-00412-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity is one of the most serious public health concerns. Excess adipose tissue, particularly with a centralized distribution, is associated with cognitive decline. Indeed, obesity has been associated with a number of adverse changes in brain function and structure that can be detected by neuroimaging techniques. These obesity-associated changes in the brain are associated with cognitive dysfunction. RECENT FINDINGS While the pathways by which excess adipose tissue affects brain function are not fully understood, available evidence points towards insulin resistance, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction, as possible mechanisms responsible for the observed relations between obesity and cognitive impairment. It appears that weight loss is related to better brain and cognitive outcomes and that cognitive impairment due to obesity may be reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Tanaka
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd, D3700, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Drew D Gourley
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd, D3700, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Maria Dekhtyar
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Andreana P Haley
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Biomedical Imaging Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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50
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Luckhoff HK, du Plessis S, Scheffler F, Phahladira L, Kilian S, Buckle C, Smit R, Chiliza B, Asmal L, Emsley R. Fronto-limbic white matter fractional anisotropy and body mass index in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients compared to healthy controls. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2020; 305:111173. [PMID: 32896691 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this diffusion tensor imaging study, we explored the associations of body mass index (BMI) with white matter microstructure in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients (n = 69) versus healthy controls (n = 93). We focused on fractional anisotropy (FA) measures for fronto-limbic white matter tracts known to connect brain regions which form part of a "core eating network". Secondary objectives included the associations of body mass with global illness severity, psychopathology and depressive symptoms. In a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) model, there was a significant interaction between BMI and group (patient versus control) across the fronto-limbic white matter tracts of interest (F(1,155)= 4.91, p = 0.03). In a sub-analysis, BMI was significantly inversely correlated with FA measures for the genu and body of the corpus callosum, left and right tapetum, and left superior fronto-occipital fasciculus in controls. In patients, BMI was significantly positively correlated with white matter FA for the genu of the corpus callosum and left tapetum. Lower BMI was significantly correlated with more severe negative symptoms, as was earlier age of illness onset. Body mass may be differentially associated with fronto-limbic white matter microstructure in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Luckhoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa.
| | - S du Plessis
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
| | - F Scheffler
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
| | - L Phahladira
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
| | - S Kilian
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
| | - C Buckle
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
| | - R Smit
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
| | - B Chiliza
- Department of Psychiatry, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - L Asmal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
| | - R Emsley
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
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