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Martemucci G, Khalil M, Di Luca A, Abdallah H, D’Alessandro AG. Comprehensive Strategies for Metabolic Syndrome: How Nutrition, Dietary Polyphenols, Physical Activity, and Lifestyle Modifications Address Diabesity, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Neurodegenerative Conditions. Metabolites 2024; 14:327. [PMID: 38921462 PMCID: PMC11206163 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Several hallmarks of metabolic syndrome, such as dysregulation in the glucose and lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, low-to-medium systemic inflammation, and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, represent a pathological bridge between metabolic syndrome and diabesity, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to highlight some therapeutic strategies against metabolic syndrome involving integrative approaches to improve lifestyle and daily diet. The beneficial effects of foods containing antioxidant polyphenols, intestinal microbiota control, and physical activity were also considered. We comprehensively examined a large body of published articles involving basic, animal, and human studie, as well as recent guidelines. As a result, dietary polyphenols from natural plant-based antioxidants and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, along with physical exercise, are promising complementary therapies to delay or prevent the onset of metabolic syndrome and counteract diabesity and cardiovascular diseases, as well as to protect against neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive decline. Modulation of the intestinal microbiota reduces the risks associated with MS, improves diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and exerts neuroprotective action. Despite several studies, the estimation of dietary polyphenol intake is inconclusive and requires further evidence. Lifestyle interventions involving physical activity and reduced calorie intake can improve metabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Alessio Di Luca
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.D.L.); (A.G.D.)
| | - Hala Abdallah
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, 70121 Bari, Italy;
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Adıgüzel E, Tel Adıgüzel K, Özişler Z, Kaner G, Akyüz M. Adiponectin in spinal cord injury: What is the role of nutrition in serum adiponectin concentration? Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 70:171-179. [PMID: 38948643 PMCID: PMC11209322 DOI: 10.5606/tftrd.2024.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The study aimed to analyze the relationship between serum adiponectin concentration, Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence, and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet adherence in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Patients and methods: Thirty-three SCI patients (21 males, 12 females; median age: 33 years; range, 18 to 65 years) and 33 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched healthy controls (21 males, 12 females; median age: 33 years; range, 18 to 64 years) were included in this cross-sectional study between March 2021 and March 2022. Serum adiponectin concentrations of all participants were measured. Body weight, height, and neck, hip, waist, and mid-upper arm circumferences were measured. Twenty-four-hour dietary records were obtained by the researchers for evaluation of the nutritional status. The DASH diet score and MD score were measured for each participant. Results: Most of the cases of SCI were due to motor vehicle collisions (n=12, 36.4%) and complete paraplegic. Mid-upper arm circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, and neck circumference of the patient group were significantly higher than the control group (p=0.020, p=0.002, p=0.042, and p<0.001, respectively). Mediterranean diet scores and DASH diet scores of the patient group were significantly higher than the control group (p<0.001 and p=0.031, respectively). Serum adiponectin concentration of patients was significantly higher than the control group (p=0.049). No correlation was detected between adiponectin concentration, MD score, and DASH diet score in both groups. Conclusion: Although correlation analysis in the current research did not show significant relation between nutrition and adiponectin concentrations, nutrition of patients with SCI, as demonstrated by higher adherence to MD and DASH, may have provided positive effects on adiponectin concentrations. Future studies focused on the effect of a healthy diet intervention on serum adiponectin concentration is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Adıgüzel
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Kübra Tel Adıgüzel
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Gülhane Health Sciences Faculty, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Zuhal Özişler
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Gülşah Kaner
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Müfit Akyüz
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Karabük University School of Medicine, Karabük, Türkiye
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Abdel-Aal NM, Kamil RM, Tayel DI, Hamed RH, Ragab MM, Abd El-Azeim AS. Impact of adding Mediterranean diet to aerobic and strengthening exercise program on pain, inflammation, and muscle performance in females with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Physiother Theory Pract 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38804549 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2024.2358122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) frequently use dietary interventions such as Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and exercises to complement pharmacotherapy. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of adding MedDiet to a designed exercise program on quadriceps and hamstrings muscles performance, pain, C-reactive protein (CRP), handgrip strength, bodyweight, and function in females with RA. METHODS Sixty females were allocated randomly to the MedDiet plus exercise program (n = 30) or exercise program only (n = 30). The interventions continued for 6 months followed by 6 months of follow-up with no intervention. The primary outcome was the quadriceps and hamstrings muscles performance (agonist-antagonist ratio). The secondary outcomes were visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, CRP blood marker for inflammation, handheld dynamometer for handgrip strength, Health AssessmentQuestionnaire disability index (HAQ-DI) for function, and body weight. All outcomes were measured at baseline, 6-month post-intervention, and 12 months from baseline as a follow-up. RESULTS The MedDiet group showed statistically significant improvements in all the measured outcomes than the control group (p < .05) after 6 and 12 months. After 6 months of intervention, the mean±SD for agonist-antagonist ratio, pain, and HAQ-DI were 84.59 ± 5.33 and 69.92 ± 5.56 (p < .001, ƞ2 = 0.65), 42.33 ± 8.98 and 54.33 ± 10.06 (p < .001, ƞ2 = 0.3), 1.13 ± 0.48 and 1.9 ± 0.59 (p < .001, ƞ2 = 0.34) in the MedDiet and control groups, respectively. CONCLUSION Adding MedDiet to aerobic and strengthening exercise program improved quadriceps and hamstrings muscles performance, pain, functional ability, CRP, handgrip strength, and body weight. Consequently, Mediterranean diet should be considered as adjunctive therapy in treating females with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil M Abdel-Aal
- Department of Physical Therapy for Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ragia M Kamil
- Department of Physical Therapy for Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dalia I Tayel
- Department of Nutrition, High institute of public health Alexander University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rania H Hamed
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Nahda University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Ragab
- Department of Physical Therapy for Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alshaymaa S Abd El-Azeim
- Department of Physical Therapy for Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Miguel-Albarreal AD, Rivero-Pino F, Marquez-Paradas E, Grao-Cruces E, Gonzalez-de la Rosa T, Montserrat-de la Paz S. Mediterranean Diet Combined with Regular Aerobic Exercise and Hemp Protein Supplementation Modulates Plasma Circulating Amino Acids and Improves the Health Status of Overweight Individuals. Nutrients 2024; 16:1594. [PMID: 38892526 PMCID: PMC11174559 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant protein is considered a sustainable health-promoting strategy to prevent metabolic syndrome. Lifestyle changes (including dietary patterns and exercise) have been demonstrated to exert an effect on human health by modulating the biochemical status in humans. The objective of this study was to assess whether supplementation with hemp protein within a Mediterranean diet context together with exercise could help to ameliorate the metabolic statuses of patients prone to developing metabolic syndrome. For this study, 23 patients followed with Mediterranean diet and engaged in aerobic exercise according to the WHO's recommendations, while also being supplemented with hemp protein, for 12 weeks. A comparison of anthropometric, biochemical, and mineral data as well as amino acid values was made between the start and the end of the study, with the subjects acting as their own control group. Statistical analyses included a paired t-test, Wilcoxon paired test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Sparse Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis to evaluate significant differences and correlations among parameters. There were statistically significant changes in total cholesterol, HDL-C (+52.3%), LDL-C (-54.0%), and TAG levels (-49.8%), but not in glucose plasma levels. Following the intervention, plasma concentrations of some amino acids, including α-aminoadipic acid, phosphoethanolamine, and 1-metylhistidine, increased, whereas those of asparagine and alanine declined. Different correlations between amino acids and the other parameters evaluated were reported and discussed. A Mediterranean diet combined with regular aerobic exercise, together with protein supplementation, can highly improve the metabolic parameters and anthropometric parameters of subjects with obesity and impaired glucose levels, ameliorating their health status and likely delaying the development of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio D. Miguel-Albarreal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain; (A.D.M.-A.); (E.M.-P.); (E.G.-C.); (T.G.-d.l.R.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Fernando Rivero-Pino
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain; (A.D.M.-A.); (E.M.-P.); (E.G.-C.); (T.G.-d.l.R.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Elvira Marquez-Paradas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain; (A.D.M.-A.); (E.M.-P.); (E.G.-C.); (T.G.-d.l.R.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Elena Grao-Cruces
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain; (A.D.M.-A.); (E.M.-P.); (E.G.-C.); (T.G.-d.l.R.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Teresa Gonzalez-de la Rosa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain; (A.D.M.-A.); (E.M.-P.); (E.G.-C.); (T.G.-d.l.R.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Sergio Montserrat-de la Paz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain; (A.D.M.-A.); (E.M.-P.); (E.G.-C.); (T.G.-d.l.R.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
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Dolatkhah N, Jafari A, Eslamian F, Toopchizadeh V, Saleh P, Hashemian M. Saccharomyces boulardii improves clinical and paraclinical indices in overweight/obese knee osteoarthritis patients: a randomized triple-blind placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03428-5. [PMID: 38761281 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03428-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the effect of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). METHODS In this study, 70 patients with KOA were recruited via outpatient clinics between 2020 and 2021 and randomly assigned to receive probiotics or placebo supplements for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was a change in pain intensity according to the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain score. RESULTS Sixty-three patients completed the trial. A linear mixed analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model analysis showed that probiotic was better than placebo in decreasing the pain intensity measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) [-2.11 (-2.59, -1.62) in probiotic group and -0.90 (-1.32, -0.48) in placebo group, p = 0.002] and WOMAC pain score [-3.57 (-4.66, -2.49) in probiotic group and -1.43 (-2.33, -0.53) in placebo group, p < 0.001]. The daily intake of acetaminophen for pain management significantly decreased in the probiotic group [-267.18 (-400.47, -133.89) mg, p < 0.001] that was significantly better than placebo (p = 0.006). Probiotic significantly decreased the serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) inflammatory index [-2.72 (-3.24, -2.20) µg/ml] and malondialdehyde (MDA) oxidative stress index [-1.61 (-2.11, -1.11) nmol/ml] compared to the placebo (p = 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively). Probiotic was better than placebo in increasing the scores of role disorder due to physical health (p = 0.023), pain (p = 0.048) and physical health (p = 0.031). CONCLUSION Probiotic S. boulardii supplementation in patients with KOA significantly improved pain intensity, some dimensions of QoL, and inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers with no severe side effects. TRIAL REGISTRY Registered on the Iranian clinical trial website ( http://www.irct.ir : IRCT20161022030424N4) on 2019-09-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Dolatkhah
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Alireza Jafari
- Department pf Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Eslamian
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahideh Toopchizadeh
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parviz Saleh
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hashemian
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, Utica University, Utica, NY, USA
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Xu H, Wen Q, Xing X, Chen Y, Zhu Q, Tan M, Zhang M, Pan T, Wu S. High Dietary Inflammatory Index increases the risk of female infertility: An analysis of NHANES 2013-2018. Nutr Res 2024; 125:50-60. [PMID: 38503022 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Diet-related inflammation, which can be evaluated using the dietary inflammatory index (DII), is increasingly related to female infertility. However, studies on the association between DII and infertility are limited. In this study, we aim to explore the association between DII and infertility and its dose-effect relationship among women aged 20 to 45 years through a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2018. A total of 2613 women aged 20 to 45 years were included and analyzed. The DII was calculated using the first 24-hour dietary recall interview data and divided into quartiles. Weighted multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analysis were used to explore the relationship between DII and infertility. The odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) for the association between DII and infertility was 1.06 (0.96-1.19) after multivariable adjustment. Compared with the first quartile (anti-inflammatory diet), the fourth quartile of DII (pro-inflammatory diet) was more strongly associated with an increased risk of infertility, with an OR of 1.61 (95% CI, 1.05-2.47). Restricted cubic splines showed a J-shaped nonlinear association between DII and infertility (P for nonlinear = .003), with a cutoff point of 2.45. When DII was higher than 2.45, the OR for infertility was 1.95 (95% CI, 1.49-2.54). Similar results were observed among the subgroup analyses. In conclusion, this study found high DII (pro-inflammatory diet) increases the risk of female infertility. DII had a J-shaped nonlinear relationship with female infertility, whose cut point is 2.45. Controlling the intake of pro-inflammatory food may be beneficial for female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanying Xu
- Foshan Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China; TCM Gynecology Department, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qidan Wen
- Foshan Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xing
- Foshan Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu Chen
- TCM Gynecology Department, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhu
- TCM Gynecology Department, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Minhua Tan
- TCM Gynecology Department, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- TCM Gynecology Department, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ting Pan
- TCM Gynecology Department, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Suzhen Wu
- Foshan Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China; TCM Gynecology Department, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Chancheng District, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China.
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Calcaterra V, Verduci E, Milanta C, Agostinelli M, Bona F, Croce S, Valsecchi C, Avanzini MA, Zuccotti G. The Benefits of the Mediterranean Diet on Inflamm-Aging in Childhood Obesity. Nutrients 2024; 16:1286. [PMID: 38732533 PMCID: PMC11085692 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Numerous elements of the Mediterranean diet (MD) have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities. (2) Methods: We present a narrative review of the potential benefits of the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MD) in mitigating aging-related inflammation (inflamm-aging) associated with childhood obesity. The mechanisms underlying chronic inflammation in obesity are also discussed. A total of 130 papers were included after screening abstracts and full texts. (3) Results: A complex interplay between obesity, chronic inflammation, and related comorbidities is documented. The MD emerges as a promising dietary pattern for mitigating inflammation. Studies suggest that the MD may contribute to weight control, improved lipid profiles, insulin sensitivity, and endothelial function, thereby reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents with obesity. (4) Conclusions: While evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory effects of the MD in pediatric obesity is still evolving, the existing literature underscores its potential as a preventive and therapeutic strategy. However, MD adherence remains low among children and adolescents, necessitating targeted interventions to promote healthier dietary habits. Future high-quality intervention studies are necessary to elucidate the specific impact of the MD on inflammation in diverse pediatric populations with obesity and associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatrics and Adolescentology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (F.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (F.B.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Milanta
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (F.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Marta Agostinelli
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (F.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Federica Bona
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (F.B.); (G.Z.)
| | - Stefania Croce
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Cell Factory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.C.); (C.V.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Chiara Valsecchi
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Cell Factory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.C.); (C.V.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Avanzini
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Cell Factory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.C.); (C.V.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (M.A.); (F.B.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
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Zielinska-Pukos MA, Kopiasz Ł, Hamulka J. The Effect of Maternal Overweight/Obesity on Serum and Breastmilk Leptin, and Its Associations with Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Health Indices, and Maternal Diet: The BLOOM Study. Metabolites 2024; 14:221. [PMID: 38668349 PMCID: PMC11051946 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In overweight and obese patients, elevated serum and breastmilk leptin concentrations are observed, with serum leptin also being likely affected by the diet. We analyzed serum and breastmilk leptin in normal weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) mothers, and evaluated its associations with (1) maternal anthropometric parameters; (2) markers of cardiometabolic health; and (3) the maternal diet. The BLOOM (Breastmilk and the Link to Overweight/Obesity and Maternal diet) study was conducted among 40 women (n = 20 OW/OB; n = 20, NW) who were exclusively or predominantly breastfeeding for 15.5 ± 1.2 (OW/OB group (0.99)) weeks. We collected 24 h breastmilk and fasting blood samples for leptin analysis by ELISA. Maternal dietary habits were evaluated using a 3-day dietary record and food frequency questionnaire, which were used to calculate the Polish-adapted Mediterranean Diet score. Maternal anthropometric measurements and DEXA scans were performed, and anthropometric and cardiometabolic indices were calculated. The OW mothers had 1.4 times higher serum levels, while OB mothers had 4.5 and 6.2 higher serum and breastmilk leptin levels, respectively, in comparison to the NW mothers. The FM% was correlated with serum and breastmilk leptin levels (r = 0.878, r = 0.638). Serum leptin was associated with markers of cardiometabolic health such as AIP, CMI, and VAI in the NW mothers, and with LAP in the OW/OB mothers. Higher energy, fructose intake and adherence to the Mediterranean diet were associated with serum leptin in the NW mothers (β = 0.323, 0.039-0.608; β = 0.318, 0.065-0.572; β = 0.279, 0.031-0.528); meanwhile, higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet could protect against elevated breastmilk leptin concentrations in OW/OB mothers (β = -0.444, -0.839--0.050), even after adjustment for FM%. Our results suggest a potential association between maternal serum leptin concentrations and cardiometabolic health. In addition, we confirm the importance of healthy dietary patterns in the improvement of breastmilk composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika A. Zielinska-Pukos
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Kopiasz
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jadwiga Hamulka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
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Guo X, Wang L, Li Z, Feng Z, Lu L, Jiang L, Zhao L. Factors and pathways of non-suicidal self-injury in children: insights from computational causal analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1305746. [PMID: 38532971 PMCID: PMC10963487 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1305746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has become a significant public health issue, especially prevalent among adolescents. The complexity and multifactorial nature of NSSI necessitate a comprehensive understanding of its underlying causal factors. This research leverages the causal discovery methodology to explore these causal associations in children. Methods An observational dataset was scrutinized using the causal discovery method, particularly employing the constraint-based approach. By integrating machine learning and causal inference techniques, the study aimed to determine direct causal relationships associated with NSSI. The robustness of the causal relationships was evaluated using three methods to construct and validate it: the PC (Peter and Clark) method, Fast Causal Inference (FCI) method, and the GAE (Graphical Autoencoder) method. Results Analysis identified nine nodes with direct causal relationships to NSSI, including life satisfaction, depression, family dysfunction, sugary beverage consumption, PYD (positive youth development), internet addiction, COVID-19 related PTSD, academic anxiety, and sleep duration. Four principal causal pathways were identified, highlighting the roles of lockdown-induced lifestyle changes, screen time, positive adolescent development, and family dynamics in influencing NSSI risk. Conclusions An in-depth analysis of the factors leading to Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI), highlighting the intricate connections among individual, family, and pandemic-related influences. The results, derived from computational causal analysis, underscore the critical need for targeted interventions that tackle these diverse causative factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Guo
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linna Wang
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenchao Li
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziliang Feng
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Lu
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lihua Jiang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Teaching and Research Section of General Practice, The General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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10
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Calcaterra V, Rossi V, Magenes VC, Baldassarre P, Grazi R, Loiodice M, Fabiano V, Zuccotti G. Dietary habits, depression and obesity: an intricate relationship to explore in pediatric preventive strategies. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1368283. [PMID: 38523835 PMCID: PMC10957686 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1368283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and depression represent major health problems due to their high prevalence and morbidity rates. Numerous evidences elucidated the connections between dietary habits and the incidence or severity of depression. This overview aims to investigate the intricate relationship between dietary patterns and depression with the objective of elaborating preventive strategies for childhood obesity. Literature data recognized that there is a link between mood and food choices, with certain foods selected for their impact on the brain's reward centers. This behavior parallels the one observed in substance addiction, suggesting a specific neural mechanism for food addiction that contributes to overeating and obesity. It is important to note the significant correlation between obesity and depression, indicating a shared biological pathway influencing these conditions. Stress substantially affects also eating behaviors, often leading to increased consumption of pleasurable and rewarding foods. This can trigger a cycle of overeating, weight gain, and psychological distress, exacerbating mood disorders and obesity. In addition, consumption of certain types of foods, especially "comfort foods" high in fat and calories, may provide temporary relief from symptoms of depression, but can lead to long-term obesity and further mental health problems. Understanding these complex interactions is critical to developing preventive strategies focusing on dietary, emotional, and environmental factors, thereby reducing the risk of obesity and mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Virginia Rossi
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Baldassarre
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Grazi
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Loiodice
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Fabiano
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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11
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Guarnieri L, Bosco F, Leo A, Citraro R, Palma E, De Sarro G, Mollace V. Impact of micronutrients and nutraceuticals on cognitive function and performance in Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 95:102210. [PMID: 38296163 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major global health problem today and is the most common form of dementia. AD is characterized by the formation of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary clusters, leading to decreased brain acetylcholine levels in the brain. Another mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of AD is the abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein that accumulates at the level of neurofibrillary aggregates, and the areas most affected by this pathological process are usually the cholinergic neurons in cortical, subcortical, and hippocampal areas. These effects result in decreased cognitive function, brain atrophy, and neuronal death. Malnutrition and weight loss are the most frequent manifestations of AD, and these are also associated with greater cognitive decline. Several studies have confirmed that a balanced low-calorie diet and proper nutritional intake may be considered important factors in counteracting or slowing the progression of AD, whereas a high-fat or hypercholesterolemic diet predisposes to an increased risk of developing AD. Especially, fruits, vegetables, antioxidants, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and micronutrients supplementation exert positive effects on aging-related changes in the brain due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and radical scavenging properties. The purpose of this review is to summarize some possible nutritional factors that may contribute to the progression or prevention of AD, understand the role that nutrition plays in the formation of Aβ plaques typical of this neurodegenerative disease, to identify some potential therapeutic strategies that may involve some natural compounds, in delaying the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Guarnieri
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Antonio Leo
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rita Citraro
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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12
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Mizgier M, Więckowska B, Formanowicz D, Lombardi G, Brożek A, Nowicki M, Durkalec-Michalski K, Kędzia W, Jarząbek-Bielecka G. Effects of AIDiet intervention to improve diet quality, immuno-metabolic health in normal and overweight PCOS girls: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3525. [PMID: 38347150 PMCID: PMC10861446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54100-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted in two groups of girls with PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) categorized as slim (group N) and overweight-to-obese (group Ov/Ob). The study's primary outcome was to assess the impact of a 12-week anti-inflammatory diet (AIDiet) intervention, without energy deficit, on daily diet quality improvement, evaluated according to the KIDMED index. The secondary outcome was improving inflammatory, redox, hormonal, and metabolic statuses. In the study, which was completed by 13 girls from the Ov/Ob group and 19 girls from the N group, a significant improvement in the mean KIDMED score was obtained. Moreover, the intervention significantly improves concentration of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), fasting insulin, and the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, in the Ov/Ob group, while both groups experienced a reduction in the concentration of interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), and androstenedione. The AIDiet intervention effectively improved the quality of the subjects' diets, which was associated with the improvement of hormonal and immuno-metabolic markers. However, these changes in normal-weight patients were observed regardless of body weight reduction. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04738409.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Mizgier
- Department of Sports Dietetics, Chair of Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Barbara Więckowska
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Dorota Formanowicz
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20157, Milan, Italy
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alicja Brożek
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Nowicki
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Durkalec-Michalski
- Department of Sports Dietetics, Chair of Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871, Poznan, Poland
| | - Witold Kędzia
- Division of Developmental Gynaecology and Sexology, Department of Gynaecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535, Poznan, Poland
| | - Grażyna Jarząbek-Bielecka
- Division of Developmental Gynaecology and Sexology, Department of Gynaecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535, Poznan, Poland
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13
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Wunderle C, Stumpf F, Schuetz P. Inflammation and response to nutrition interventions. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2024; 48:27-36. [PMID: 38193635 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The complex interplay between nutrition and inflammation has become a major focus of research in recent years across different clinical settings and patient populations. Inflammation has been identified as a key driver for disease-related malnutrition promoting anorexia, reduced food intake, muscle loss, and on a cellular level, insulin resistance, which together stimulate catabolism. However, these effects may well be bidirectional, and there is strong evidence showing that nutrition influences inflammation. Several single nutrients and dietary patterns with either proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory properties have been studied, such as the long-chain ω-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid or docosahexaenoic acid. The Mediterranean diet combines several such nutrients and has been shown to improve medical outcomes in the outpatient setting. In addition, there is increasing evidence suggesting that inflammation affects the metabolism and modulates the response to nutrition support interventions. In fact, recent studies from the medical inpatient setting suggest that inflammation, mirrored by high levels of C-reactive protein, diminishes the positive effects of nutrition support. This may explain the lack of positive effects of some nutrition trials in severely ill patients, whereas similar approaches to nutritional support have shown positive results in less severely ill patients. The use of biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein, may help to identify patients with a lower response to nutrition, in whom other treatment options need to be used. There is need for additional research to understand how to best address the malnourished patient with inflammation by specifically lowering inflammation through anti-inflammatory medical treatments and/or nutrition interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Wunderle
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Stumpf
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
- Department of Nutritional Medicine and Prevention, Institute of Clinical Nutrition, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Philipp Schuetz
- Medical University Department, Division of General Internal and Emergency Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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14
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Erdoğan Gövez N, Akpınar Şentüre Ş, Ayten Ş, Köksal E. Evaluation of the Turkey Nutrition and Health Surveys according to the mediterranean adequacy index and sustainability through water footprints. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:2927-2935. [PMID: 37721220 PMCID: PMC10755400 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023001957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sustainable diet is one of the main factors that support food security, and the Mediterranean diet (MD) one of the sustainable diet models associated with low ecological impact and optimum health results has come to the fore. It was aimed to compare the results of the 2010 and 2017 Turkey Nutrition and Health Studies (TNHS) according to the Mediterranean Adequacy Index (MAI) and in order to evaluate the environmental impact of the current nutritional status in Turkey through water footprints (WF). DESIGN The MAI score was calculated using the published results of the 2010 and 2017 TNHS, and the WF have been calculated as indicators of environmental impact. SETTING Turkey. PARTICIPANTS There are no participants. RESULTS In the TNHS, there was an increase in the amount of energy provided by foods non-MD in 2017 compared to 2010, with a decrease in the total MAI score. The group with the lowest adherence to the MD in both years was the adult group (MAI20102·74 and MAI20172·31), while the group with the highest adherence was the adolescent group (MAI20103·21 and MAI20172·53). The MAI scores of females were higher than those of males in both years. The males aged 19-64 years had the largest (841 m3/year) WF and the females aged 65+ years had the smallest (483 m3/year). The food group that contributed the most to WF was meat and meat products (21·0-35·0 %). CONCLUSIONS Adherence to the MD has decreased due to the increase in the consumption of the Western-type diet in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazlıcan Erdoğan Gövez
- Gazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Emek, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Şerife Akpınar Şentüre
- Gazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Emek, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Şerife Ayten
- Gazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Emek, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
| | - Eda Köksal
- Gazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Emek, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
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15
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González C, Ruiz-Saavedra S, Gómez-Martín M, Zapico A, López-Suarez P, Suárez A, Suárez González A, del Rey CG, Díaz E, Alonso A, de los Reyes-Gavilán CG, González S. Immunometabolic Profile Associated with Progressive Damage of the Intestinal Mucosa in Adults Screened for Colorectal Cancer: Association with Diet. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16451. [PMID: 38003638 PMCID: PMC10671025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental factors such as diet and lifestyle have been shown to influence the development of some intestinal mucosal lesions that may be precursors of colorectal cancer (CRC). The presence of these alterations seems to be associated with misbalanced immunological parameter levels. However, it is still unclear as to which immunological parameters are altered in each phase of CRC development. In this work, we aimed to study the potential relationships of immunological and metabolic parameters with diet in a CRC-related lesion context. Dietary information was obtained using an annual semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) from 93 volunteers classified via colonoscopy examination according to the presence of intestinal polyps or adenocarcinoma. Cytokines, chemokines, and adipokines were determined from serum samples. We observed a reduction in adiponectin according to the damage to the mucosa, accompanied by an increase and decrease in C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) and resistin, respectively, in CRC cases. The presence of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the polyp group was associated with higher tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentrations. Vegetables were directly correlated with adiponectin and resistin levels, while the opposite occurred with red meat. A bioactive compound, soluble pectin, showed a negative association with TNF-α. Future dietary strategies could be developed to modulate specific immunological parameters in the context of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celestino González
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.); (A.Z.); (P.L.-S.); (A.S.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Sergio Ruiz-Saavedra
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain;
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Gómez-Martín
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.); (A.Z.); (P.L.-S.); (A.S.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Aida Zapico
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.); (A.Z.); (P.L.-S.); (A.S.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Patricia López-Suarez
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.); (A.Z.); (P.L.-S.); (A.S.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Ana Suárez
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.); (A.Z.); (P.L.-S.); (A.S.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Adolfo Suárez González
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Digestive Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carmen González del Rey
- Anatomical Pathology Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
| | - Elena Díaz
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.); (A.Z.); (P.L.-S.); (A.S.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Ana Alonso
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.); (A.Z.); (P.L.-S.); (A.S.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Clara G. de los Reyes-Gavilán
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain;
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sonia González
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.); (A.Z.); (P.L.-S.); (A.S.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
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16
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Akbar Z, Fituri S, Ouagueni A, Alalwani J, Sukik A, Al-Jayyousi GF, Bassil M, Tayyem R. Associations of the MIND Diet with Cardiometabolic Diseases and Their Risk Factors: A Systematic Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:3353-3371. [PMID: 37908631 PMCID: PMC10614652 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s427412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recent studies have expanded the scope of research on the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet beyond its impact on cognitive performance. These investigations have specifically explored its potential to provide protection against cardiometabolic diseases and associated risk factors, including obesity and dyslipidemia. Methods We systematically summarized and evaluated all existing observational and trial evidence for the MIND diet in relation to cardiometabolic diseases and their risk factors in adults. PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched to extract original studies on humans published until September 2023, without date restrictions. A total of 491 studies were initially retrieved, out of which 23 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final review. Duplicated and irrelevant studies were screened out by five independent reviewers using the Rayyan platform. Quality assessment was ascertained using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational studies and the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB 2) for randomized trials. Results Across the different study designs, the MIND diet was generally associated with an improvement in anthropometric measures and other cardiometabolic outcomes, such as blood pressure, glycemic control, lipid profile, inflammation and stroke. The effects of the MIND eating pattern on some cardiovascular diseases are less conclusive. Conclusion The findings of this systematic review support the recommendation of the MIND diet as a strategy to reduce cardiometabolic risk in adults. Further well-designed and long-term studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoha Akbar
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sundus Fituri
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asma Ouagueni
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Joud Alalwani
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayah Sukik
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Maya Bassil
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Reema Tayyem
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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17
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Pérez-Beltrán YE, González-Becerra K, Rivera-Iñiguez I, Martínez-López E, Ramos-Lopez O, Alcaraz-Mejía M, Rodríguez-Echevarría R, Sáyago-Ayerdi SG, Mendivil EJ. A Nutrigenetic Strategy for Reducing Blood Lipids and Low-Grade Inflammation in Adults with Obesity and Overweight. Nutrients 2023; 15:4324. [PMID: 37892400 PMCID: PMC10609523 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of obesity and dyslipidemia involves genetic factors, such as polymorphisms related to lipid metabolism alterations predisposing their development. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a nutrigenetic intervention on the blood lipid levels, body composition, and inflammation markers of adults with obesity and overweight. Eleven genetic variants associated with dyslipidemias in Mexicans were selected, and specific nutrigenetic recommendations for these polymorphisms were found. One hundred and one adults were recruited and assigned to follow either a standard or nutrigenetic diet for eight weeks. Anthropometric, biochemical, body composition, and inflammation markers were evaluated through standardized methods. Weighted genetic risk scores (wGRSs) were computed using the study polymorphisms. After intervention, both diets significantly decreased the anthropometric parameters and body composition (p < 0.05). Only the nutrigenetic diet group showed significant reductions in VLDL-c (p = 0.001), triglycerides (p = 0.002), TG:HDL (p = 0.002), IL-6 (p = 0.002), and TNF-α (p = 0.04). wGRSs had a high impact on the ΔTGs and ΔVLDL-c of both groups (standard diet: ΔTGs: Adj R2 = 0.69, p = 0.03; ΔVLDL-c: Adj R2 = 0.71, p = 0.02; nutrigenetic diet: ΔTGs: Adj R2 = 0.49, p = 0.03 and ΔVLDL-c: R2 = 0.29, p = 0.04). This nutrigenetic intervention improved lipid abnormalities in patients with excessive body weight. Hence, nutrigenetic strategies could be coadjuvant tools and enhance the standard dietary treatment for cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda E. Pérez-Beltrán
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Tepic 63175, Nayarit, Mexico;
| | - Karina González-Becerra
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas y de la Vida, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ocotlán 47820, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Ingrid Rivera-Iñiguez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, UCSD Center for Healthy Eating and Activity Research (CHEAR), San Diego, CA 92037, USA;
| | - Erika Martínez-López
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.M.-L.); (R.R.-E.)
| | - Omar Ramos-Lopez
- Facultad de Medicina y Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22390, Baja California, Mexico;
| | - Mildreth Alcaraz-Mejía
- Departamento de Electrónica, Sistemas e Informática, ITESO, Unioversidad Jesuita de Guadalajara, Tlaquepaque 45604, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Roberto Rodríguez-Echevarría
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.M.-L.); (R.R.-E.)
| | - Sonia G. Sáyago-Ayerdi
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Tepic 63175, Nayarit, Mexico;
| | - Edgar J. Mendivil
- Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de Mexico 01219, Mexico
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Ali S, Corbi G, Medoro A, Intrieri M, Scapagnini G, Davinelli S. Relationship between monounsaturated fatty acids and sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:1823-1834. [PMID: 37340168 PMCID: PMC10460305 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02465-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that fatty acids (FAs) play an essential role in regulating skeletal muscle mass and function throughout life. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the relationship between dietary or circulatory levels of monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) and sarcopenia in observational studies. A comprehensive literature search was performed in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) from inception until August 2022. Of 414 records, a total of 12 observational studies were identified for this review. Ten studies were meta-analysed, comprising a total of 3704 participants. The results revealed that MUFA intake is inversely associated with sarcopenia (standardized mean difference = - 0.28, 95% CI - 0.46 to - 0.11; p < 0.01). Despite the limited number of studies, our results suggest that lower MUFA intake is associated with a higher risk of sarcopenia. However, the available evidence is still insufficient and further investigations are needed to demonstrate this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawan Ali
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via De Sanctis 1, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Graziamaria Corbi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Medoro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via De Sanctis 1, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Mariano Intrieri
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via De Sanctis 1, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via De Sanctis 1, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via De Sanctis 1, Campobasso, Italy.
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19
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Kaufman M, Nguyen C, Shetty M, Oppezzo M, Barrack M, Fredericson M. Popular Dietary Trends' Impact on Athletic Performance: A Critical Analysis Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3511. [PMID: 37630702 PMCID: PMC10460072 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition fuels optimal performance for athletes. With increased research developments, numerous diets available, and publicity from professional athletes, a review of dietary patterns impact on athletic performance is warranted. RESULTS The Mediterranean diet is a low inflammatory diet linked to improved power and muscle endurance and body composition. Ketogenic diets are restrictive of carbohydrates and proteins. Though both show no decrements in weight loss, ketogenic diets, which is a more restrictive form of low-carbohydrate diets, can be more difficult to follow. High-protein and protein-paced versions of low-carbohydrate diets have also shown to benefit athletic performance. Plant-based diets have many variations. Vegans are at risk of micronutrient deficiencies and decreased leucine content, and therefore, decreased muscle protein synthesis. However, the literature has not shown decreases in performance compared to omnivores. Intermittent fasting has many different versions, which may not suit those with comorbidities or specific needs as well as lead to decreases in sprint speed and worsening time to exhaustion. CONCLUSIONS This paper critically evaluates the research on diets in relation to athletic performance and details some of the potential risks that should be monitored. No one diet is universally recommend for athletes; however, this article provides the information for athletes to analyze, in conjunction with medical professional counsel, their own diet and consider sustainable changes that can help achieve performance and body habitus goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Kaufman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Chantal Nguyen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Maya Shetty
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Marily Oppezzo
- Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Michelle Barrack
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA
| | - Michael Fredericson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
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20
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Saeed S, Ekhator C, Abdelaziz AM, Naveed H, Karski A, Cook DE, Reddy SM, Affaf M, Khan SJ, Bellegarde SB, Rehman A, Hasan AH, Shehryar A. Revolutionizing Inflammatory Bowel Disease Management: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Innovative Dietary Strategies and Future Directions. Cureus 2023; 15:e44304. [PMID: 37664362 PMCID: PMC10470660 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive narrative review delves into the intricate interplay between diet and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), shedding light on the potential impact of dietary interventions in disease management. By analyzing nutritional interventions, risks, challenges, and future perspectives, this review serves as a vital resource for clinicians, researchers, and patients alike. The amalgamation of evidence underscores the significance of customizing dietary strategies for individual patients, considering disease phenotype and cultural factors. Through an exploration of dietary components' effects on IBD, including exclusive enteral nutrition and omega-3 fatty acids, this review offers pragmatic implementation advice and outlines avenues for further research. Bridging the gap between research findings and clinical applications, the review facilitates informed decision-making and patient-centric care. In the face of escalating IBD prevalence, this review emerges as an indispensable guide for healthcare professionals, empowering them to navigate the complexities of dietary management while enabling patients to actively participate in their care trajectory. Ultimately, this narrative review advances the understanding of diet's pivotal role in IBD management, fostering a more integrated approach to patient care and paving the way for improved research and policy initiatives in the field of inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzeb Saeed
- Internal Medicine, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, PAK
| | - Chukwuyem Ekhator
- Neuro-Oncology, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, USA
| | - Ali M Abdelaziz
- Internal Medicine, Alexandria University Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, EGY
| | - Husnain Naveed
- Internal Medicine, Shifa Tameer-E-Millat University Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad, PAK
| | - Amanda Karski
- Emergency Medicine, American University of Antigua, Miami, USA
| | - Daniel E Cook
- Medicine, Avalon University School of Medicine, Youngstown, USA
| | - Shivani M Reddy
- Medicine, Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, IND
| | - Maryam Affaf
- Internal Medicine, Women's Medical and Dental College, Abbotabad, PAK
| | - Salman J Khan
- Hematology & Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Sophia B Bellegarde
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Antigua, St. John's, ATG
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21
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Richardson LA, Basu A, Chien LC, Alman AC, Snell-Bergeon JK. Longitudinal Associations of Healthy Dietary Pattern Scores with Coronary Artery Calcification and Pericardial Adiposity in United States Adults with and without Type 1 Diabetes. J Nutr 2023; 153:2085-2093. [PMID: 37187353 PMCID: PMC10375506 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pericardial adipose tissue volume (PAT) and coronary artery calcification (CAC) are prognostic indicators for future cardiovascular events; however, no studies have assessed the long-term associations of adherence to dietary patterns (DPs) with PAT and CAC in adults with and without type 1 diabetes (T1D). OBJECTIVES We investigated the longitudinal associations of the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet with PAT and CAC progression in adults with and without T1D. METHODS The Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes (CACTI) study is a population-based, prospective study of 652 T1D and 764 nondiabetic mellitus (nonDM) (19-56 y) participants that began in 2000-2002 with follow-up visits in 2003-2004 and 2006-2007. At each visit, food frequency questionnaires were collected and used to develop adherence scores for the MedDiet and DASH diets. PAT and CAC were measured at each visit using electron beam computed tomography. CAC progression was defined as a ≥2.5 mm square root-transformed volume. Mixed effect models were used to conduct statistical analyses. RESULTS Combined models found a significant-0.09 cm3 (95% CI: -0.14, -0.03; P = 0.0027) inverse association in PAT for every 1-point increase in the MedDiet score and a significant-0.26 cm3 (95% CI: -0.38, -0.14; P < 0.0001) inverse association in PAT for every 1-point increase in the DASH score. In combined models, the DPs were not significantly associated with lower odds of CAC progression; however, both DPs had significant interactions by diabetes status for CAC. Only the DASH diet was associated with lower odds of CAC progression in the nonDM group (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.93, 0.99; P = 0.0224). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the DPs are associated with lower PAT, which may reduce future cardiovascular events. The DASH diet may be beneficial for lower odds of CAC progression in those without T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Ann Richardson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States.
| | - Lung-Chang Chien
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Amy C Alman
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Janet K Snell-Bergeon
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
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22
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Castro-Espin C, Bonet C, Crous-Bou M, Nadal-Zaragoza N, Tjønneland A, Mellemkjær L, Hajji-Louati M, Truong T, Katzke V, Le Cornet C, Schulze MB, Jannasch F, Masala G, Sieri S, Panico S, Di Girolamo C, Skeie G, Borch KB, Olsen KS, Sánchez MJ, Amiano P, Chirlaque MD, Guevara M, Sund M, Bodén S, Gunter MJ, Gonzalez-Gil EM, Weiderpass E, Aguilera-Buenosvinos I, Tsilidis KK, Heath AK, Aune D, Dossus L, Agudo A. Association of Mediterranean diet with survival after breast cancer diagnosis in women from nine European countries: results from the EPIC cohort study. BMC Med 2023; 21:225. [PMID: 37365585 PMCID: PMC10294413 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02934-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean diet has been associated with lower risk of breast cancer (BC) but evidence from prospective studies on the role of Mediterranean diet on BC survival remains sparse and conflicting. We aimed to investigate whether adherence to Mediterranean diet prior to diagnosis is associated with overall and BC-specific mortality. METHODS A total of 13,270 incident breast cancer cases were identified from an initial sample of 318,686 women in 9 countries from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Adherence to Mediterranean diet was estimated through the adapted relative Mediterranean diet (arMED), a 16-point score that includes 8 key components of the Mediterranean diet and excludes alcohol. The degree of adherence to arMED was classified as low (score 0-5), medium (score 6-8), and high (score 9-16). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the association between the arMED score and overall mortality, and Fine-Gray competing risks models were applied for BC-specific mortality. RESULTS After a mean follow-up of 8.6 years from diagnosis, 2340 women died, including 1475 from breast cancer. Among all BC survivors, low compared to medium adherence to arMED score was associated with a 13% higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.13, 95%CI 1.01-1.26). High compared to medium adherence to arMED showed a non-statistically significant association (HR 0.94; 95% CI 0.84-1.05). With no statistically significant departures from linearity, on a continuous scale, a 3-unit increase in the arMED score was associated with an 8% reduced risk of overall mortality (HR3-unit 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87-0.97). This result sustained when restricted to postmenopausal women and was stronger among metastatic BC cases (HR3-unit 0.81, 95% CI: 0.72-0.91). CONCLUSIONS Consuming a Mediterranean diet before BC diagnosis may improve long-term prognosis, particularly after menopause and in cases of metastatic breast cancer. Well-designed dietary interventions are needed to confirm these findings and define specific dietary recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Castro-Espin
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
- Nutrition and Cancer Group, Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Catalina Bonet
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Nutrition and Cancer Group, Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Crous-Bou
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Nutrition and Cancer Group, Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Núria Nadal-Zaragoza
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Nutrition and Cancer Group, Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- The Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, The University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Mellemkjær
- The Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mariem Hajji-Louati
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health" Team, CESP U1018, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Thérèse Truong
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer and Health" Team, CESP U1018, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Verena Katzke
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Franziska Jannasch
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano Via Venezian, 1. 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Girolamo
- Centre for Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Public Health (C-BEPH), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano (TO), Italy
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Karina Standahl Olsen
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Maria-Jose Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, 18011, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, 18012, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Chirlaque
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia University, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcela Guevara
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra, Pamplona, 31003, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Malin Sund
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences/Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki & Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stina Bodén
- Department of Clinical Sciences/Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marc J Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Esther M Gonzalez-Gil
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Inmaculada Aguilera-Buenosvinos
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, 31008, Spain
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Kostas K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Alicia K Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Oslo New University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laure Dossus
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Nutrition and Cancer Group, Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Chan VWK, Lo KKH. Editorial: Diet-sleep interaction on cardiometabolic health. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1190615. [PMID: 37089479 PMCID: PMC10113638 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1190615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
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24
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Maraki MI, Yannakoulia M, Xiromerisiou G, Stefanis L, Charisis S, Giagkou N, Kosmidis MH, Dardiotis E, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Sakka P, Scarmeas N, Stamelou M. Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower probability of prodromal Parkinson's disease and risk for Parkinson's disease/dementia with Lewy bodies: A longitudinal study. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:934-942. [PMID: 36692092 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Lifestyle factors have been implicated in the long-lasting neurodegenerative process in prodromal Parkinson's disease (pPD). The aim was to investigate the associations between adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MeDi) and longitudinal changes of pPD probability and the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) or pPD in a Mediterranean older population. METHODS Data from the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet cohort (community-dwelling individuals, aged ≥ 65 years) were used. A detailed food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate dietary intake and calculate MeDi adherence score, ranging from 0 to 55, with higher scores indicating higher adherence. The probability of pPD was calculated according to the updated Movement Disorder Society research criteria. RESULTS In all, 1047 non-PD/dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) participants were followed for 3 ± 1 years. MeDi adherence was associated with lower increase in pPD probability over time (b = -0.003, 95% confidence interval -0.006 to -0.001, p = 0.010). Forty-nine participants had incident possible/probable pPD (i.e., pPD probability ≥ 30%). Compared to the participants in the lowest quartile of MeDi adherence, those in the higher quartiles had an approximately 60%-70% lower risk for possible/probable pPD (p for trend 0.003). MeDi-pPD associations were driven by both motor and non-motor pPD markers and not from risk markers. Also, 21 participants were diagnosed with PD/DLB at follow-up. For each unit increase in the MeDi score, there was a 9%-10% lower risk for PD/DLB (hazard ratio 0.906 [95% confidence interval 0.823-0.997], p = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with lower increase in pPD probability over time and lower possible/probable pPD and PD/DLB incidence in older Mediterranean people. More studies are needed to confirm our results in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Maraki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Crete, Greece
- Section of Sport Medicine and Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Leonidas Stefanis
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece
| | - Sokratis Charisis
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Nikolaos Giagkou
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece
| | - Mary H Kosmidis
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Paraskevi Sakka
- Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Marousi, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Maria Stamelou
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Department HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece
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25
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Duggan MR, Butler L, Peng Z, Daya GN, Moghekar A, An Y, Rapp SR, Hayden KM, Shadyab AH, Natale G, Liu L, Snetselaar L, Moaddel R, Rebholz CM, Sullivan K, Ballantyne CM, Resnick SM, Ferrucci L, Walker KA. Plasma proteins related to inflammatory diet predict future cognitive impairment. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:1599-1609. [PMID: 36737481 PMCID: PMC10208977 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-01975-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the immune system and dietary patterns that increase inflammation can increase the risk for cognitive decline, but the mechanisms by which inflammatory nutritional habits may affect the development of cognitive impairment in aging are not well understood. To determine whether plasma proteins linked to inflammatory diet predict future cognitive impairment, we applied high-throughput proteomic assays to plasma samples from a subset (n = 1528) of Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS) participants (mean [SD] baseline age, 71.3 [SD 3.8] years). Results provide insights into how inflammatory nutritional patterns are associated with an immune-related proteome and identify a group of proteins (CXCL10, CCL3, HGF, OPG, CDCP1, NFATC3, ITGA11) related to future cognitive impairment over a 14-year follow-up period. Several of these inflammatory diet proteins were also associated with dementia risk across two external cohorts (ARIC, ESTHER), correlated with plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology (Aβ42/40) and/or neurodegeneration (NfL), and related to an MRI-defined index of neurodegenerative brain atrophy in a separate cohort (BLSA). In addition to evaluating their biological relevance, assessing their potential role in AD, and characterizing their immune-tissue/cell-specific expression, we leveraged published RNA-seq results to examine how the in vitro regulation of genes encoding these candidate proteins might be altered in response to an immune challenge. Our findings indicate how dietary patterns with higher inflammatory potential relate to plasma levels of immunologically relevant proteins and highlight the molecular mediators which predict subsequent risk for age-related cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Duggan
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lauren Butler
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhongsheng Peng
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gulzar N Daya
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abhay Moghekar
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yang An
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stephen R Rapp
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kathleen M Hayden
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ginny Natale
- Program in Public Health, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Longjian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Linda Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ruin Moaddel
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Christie M Ballantyne
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan M Resnick
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Keenan A Walker
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Cannavale CN, Edwards CG, Liu R, Keye SA, Iwinski SJ, Holscher HD, Renzi-Hammond L, Khan NA. Macular pigment is inversely related to circulating C-reactive protein concentrations in school-aged children. Nutr Res 2023; 114:13-19. [PMID: 37149925 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Xanthophyll carotenoids (i.e., lutein and zeaxanthin) are plant pigments that selectively deposit in the macula of the eye and provide retinal tissue with protection against photooxidative stress. Although having greater xanthophylls in various tissues is related to lower inflammation in adulthood and infancy, this relationship is underinvestigated in childhood. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the relationships between macular xanthophyll status and inflammation in school-aged children. We hypothesized that greater macular pigment would be associated with lower systemic concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP). Forty children (aged 7-12 years) from the East-Central Illinois area were recruited. Data were collected in a convenience sample over multiple visits to the laboratory that occurred over 1 month, including all individuals who provided adequate blood samples for analyses. Macular pigment optical density (MPOD) was assessed using customized heterochromatic flicker photometry. Dietary lutein and zeaxanthin were determined using 7-day diet records. Capillary dried blood spot samples were analyzed for CRP concentrations via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Whole-body percentage fat (%Fat) was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Two-step hierarchical linear regression modelling was used to assess relationships between MPOD and CRP, following adjustment of pertinent covariates and the removal of outliers (N = 3). MPOD was negatively associated with CRP concentrations, after controlling for a priori covariates of age, sex, %Fat, and dietary lutein and zeaxanthin (β = -0.58, ΔR2 = 0.22, P = .004). Age, sex, dietary lutein and zeaxanthin, and %Fat did not significantly contribute to the model. This study provides novel evidence that macular pigment and peripheral inflammation are inversely related in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne N Cannavale
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Caitlyn G Edwards
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ruyu Liu
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Shelby A Keye
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Samantha J Iwinski
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hannah D Holscher
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Naiman A Khan
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Beckman Institute for the Advancement of Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Chen D, Zhang H, Shao J, Tang L, Cui N, Wang X, Wu J, Wang D, Ye Z. Determinants of adherence to diet and exercise behaviours among individuals with metabolic syndrome based on the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behaviour model: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2023; 22:193-200. [PMID: 35672276 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvac034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Adherence to diet and exercise recommendations is crucial among metabolic syndrome (MetS) individuals. However, no studies have focused on comprehensive behavioural changes of diet and exercise among individuals with MetS. The present study aimed to explore determinants of adherence to diet and exercise behaviours among people with MetS based on the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behaviour (COM-B) model. METHODS AND RESULTS A cross-sectional study was conducted in a health promotion centre of a large and general university hospital in Zhejiang Province, China, in 2021. A total of 241 individuals with MetS completed all scales. The mediation model was tested using structural equation modelling with bootstrapped samples. In the regression-based path analysis, MetS knowledge (β = 0.140), socioeconomic status (β = 0.162), and social support (β = 0.143) directly positively influenced diet behaviour. In addition, social support indirectly positively influenced exercise behaviour through coping and adaptation (β = 0.090). The final theoretical model showed a good fit (root mean square error of approximation = 0.057, comparative fit index = 0.946). CONCLUSION Factors associated with diet behaviour were knowledge of MetS, socioeconomic status, and social support. Adaptation may be a mediator between social support and exercise behaviour. Intervention programmes targeting increased adherence to diet and exercise could include these factors for individuals with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Chen
- Nursing Department, Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou 310020, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No. 83 East Zhongshan Road, Nanming District, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Jing Shao
- Institute of NursingResearch, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Leiwen Tang
- Nursing Department, Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou 310020, China
| | - Nianqi Cui
- Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xiyi Wang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jingjie Wu
- Nursing Department, Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou 310020, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Nursing Department, Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou 310020, China
| | - Zhihong Ye
- Nursing Department, Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou 310020, China
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Inflammation and Nutrition: Friend or Foe? Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051159. [PMID: 36904164 PMCID: PMC10005147 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of the interplay between inflammation and nutrition has generated much interest in recent times. Inflammation has been identified as a key driver for disease-related malnutrition, leading to anorexia, reduced food intake, muscle catabolism, and insulin resistance, which are stimulating a catabolic state. Interesting recent data suggest that inflammation also modulates the response to nutritional treatment. Studies have demonstrated that patients with high inflammation show no response to nutritional interventions, while patients with lower levels of inflammation do. This may explain the contradictory results of nutritional trials to date. Several studies of heterogeneous patient populations, or in the critically ill or advanced cancer patients, have not found significant benefits on clinical outcome. Vice versa, several dietary patterns and nutrients with pro- or anti-inflammatory properties have been identified, demonstrating that nutrition influences inflammation. Within this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in both the role of inflammation in malnutrition and the effect of nutrition on inflammation.
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Zhao L, Sun Y, Liu Y, Yan Z, Peng W. A J-shaped association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and depression: A cross-sectional study from NHANES 2007-2018. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:257-263. [PMID: 36462606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence indicates that depression is more common in people who partake in a pro-inflammatory diet. The objective of our study was to assess the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and depression through a cross-sectional study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2018. METHODS We used weighted multivariable logistic regression models with subgroup analysis to explore the relationship between DII and depression. Generalized additive models were used to test whether there was a nonlinear association. Then, we constructed a two-piece linear regression model and performed a recursive algorithm to calculate the inflection point. RESULTS The study enrolled a total of 30,627 individuals from the United States. In the regression model with full confounding variables adjusted, the OR (95 % CI) for the association between DII and depression was 1.05 (1.04, 1.06). A J-shaped association was found between DII and depression, with a turning point of 2.74. After the turning point, the OR (95 % CI) was 1.60 (1.51, 1.69). Only the interaction in the cardiovascular disease (CVD) analysis was statistically significant. CONCLUSION Our study highlighted a J-shaped association between DII and depression in a nationally representative sample of adults from the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiyong Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yiyan Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaojun Yan
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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Blaudt LS, de Souza Lopes T, de Moura Souza A, Yokoo EM, da Rocha CMM, Pereira RA. Association between dietary inflammatory index and anthropometric indicators of adiposity in Brazilian adolescents. Pediatr Obes 2023; 18:e13011. [PMID: 36747355 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet may play a role in the regulation of obesity-related low-grade chronic inflammation. OBJECTIVE Assess the association of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with anthropometric indicators of adiposity in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Data were collected from 71 740 adolescents (12-17 years old) examined in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents. Food consumption was assessed by means of one 24-h dietary recall, and DII was estimated using 39 food parameters. The body mass index (weight/height2 ) for age and sex was used to define overweight (>1 z-score). Abdominal obesity was indicated by waist circumference (WC) values >80th percentile and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) > 0.50. The association between DII and anthropometric indicators was assessed using logistic regression models. RESULTS The mean DII score was higher in girls than in boys (0.77; SD = 0.04 vs. 0.04; SD = 0.05). Adolescents in the 4th quartile of DII, compared with those in the 1st quartile, had increased odds of being overweight (boys: OR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.37; 2.25; girls: OR = 1.63; 95%CI: 1.36; 1.95), having abdominal obesity (boys: OR = 1.61; 95%CI: 1.33; 1.95; girls: OR = 1.73; 95%CI: 1.48; 2.03), and having high WHtR (boys: OR = 1.91; 95%CI: 1.52; 2.39; girls: OR = 1.75; 95%CI: 1.46; 2.11). CONCLUSIONS The findings showed a direct association between the dietary inflammatory potential measured by DII and adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Senna Blaudt
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Taís de Souza Lopes
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Amanda de Moura Souza
- Institute of Studies on Community Health, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Edna Massae Yokoo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Rosangela Alves Pereira
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Association with Serum Inflammatory Factors Stress Oxidative and Appetite in COVID-19 Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020227. [PMID: 36837428 PMCID: PMC9968085 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The Mediterranean diet's bioactive components are suggested to strengthen the immune system and to exert anti-inflammatory actions. This study investigated the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet with serum inflammatory factors, total antioxidant capacity, appetite, and symptoms of COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 600 Iranian COVID-19 patients selected by a simple random method. The ten-item Mediterranean diet adherence questionnaire was used to assess diet adherence. At the beginning of the study, 5 cc of blood was taken from all patients for measurement of serum interleukin 1β) IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). A human ELISA kit with serial number 950.090.096 produced by the Diaclone Company was used to test this cytokine using the sandwich ELISA method. Results: One hundred and five patients presented a high adherence and 495 patients presented a low adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The incidence of fever, cough, diarrhea, taste changes, and pneumonia severity index were significantly lower in patients who adhered to the Mediterranean diet more than other patients. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (5.7 ± 2.1 vs. 6.9 ± 2.8 p = 0.02), interleukin 1 beta (3.2 ± 0.02 vs. 4.9 ± 0.01 p = 0.02), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (17.08 ± 4.2 vs. 19.8 ± 2.5 p = 0.03), and malondialdehyde (5.7 ± 0.2 vs. 6.2 ± 0.3 p = 0.02) were significantly lower in patients who adhered more to the Mediterranean diet than other patients. Conclusion: The Mediterranean diet can improve the symptoms and elevated serum inflammatory factors in COVID-19 patients, so clinical trial studies are suggested to confirm this effect.
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Polak-Szczybyło E. Low-Grade Inflammation and Role of Anti-Inflammatory Diet in Childhood Obesity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20031682. [PMID: 36767041 PMCID: PMC9914259 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
At present, pediatric obesity is a significant public health concern. We have seen a surge of disorders that are obesity-related, e.g., insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, cancer, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), autoimmune disorders and many more. The mechanisms linking these diseases to excess body weight are related to low-grade inflammation (LGI). Although there is a limited number of studies assessing this immune process in childhood obesity, they indicate its significant importance for the health of future generations. There is a need for more research into the prevention and treatment of low-grade inflammation in childhood. The aim of this review is to present and discuss the process of "cold" inflammation, and its impact on health and anti-inflammation nutrition. A diet rich in anti-inflammatory nutrients may be the key to maintaining health, as well as recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Polak-Szczybyło
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, College for Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
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Ownby RL, Waldrop D. Cogstim: A Shared Decision-making Model to Support Older Adults' Brain Health. Curr Alzheimer Res 2023; 20:202-208. [PMID: 37231715 DOI: 10.2174/1567205020666230525110814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The lack of effective treatments for cognitive decline in older adults has led to an interest in the possibility that lifestyle interventions can help to prevent changes in mental functioning and reduce the risk for dementia. Multiple lifestyle factors have been related to risk for decline, and multicomponent intervention studies suggest that changing older adults' behaviors can have a positive impact on their cognition. How to translate these findings into a practical model for clinical use with older adults, however, is not clear. In this Commentary, we propose a shared decision-making model to support clinicians' efforts to promote brain health in older persons. The model organizes risk and protective factors into three broad groups based on their mechanism of action and provides older persons with basic information to allow them to make evidence- and preference-based choices in choosing goals for effective brain health programs. A final component includes basic instruction in behavior change strategies such as goal setting, self-monitoring, and problem-solving. The implementation of the model will support older persons' efforts to develop a personally relevant and effective brainhealthy lifestyle that may help to reduce their risk for cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond L Ownby
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33316, USA
| | - Drenna Waldrop
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Mudjanarko SW, Rahardjo T, Soelistijo SA, Rahmawati S. One-week sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L.) grain consumption is insufficient to increase adiponectin levels in prediabetic adults. Endocr Regul 2023; 58:11-18. [PMID: 38345494 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2024-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective. Adiponectin is an internally produced bioactive compound with a protective role against the insulin resistance-related diseases. Finding an adiponectin modifier can play a beneficial role in preventing the progression of the diseases, particularly in the prediabetic patients, as a high-risk population. This study was undertaken to examine the effect of dietary sorghum grain for a week on the plasma adiponectin levels in prediabetic patients. Methods. The study involved 26 (13+13) participants in both control and intervention groups. The control group maintained their habitual diet of white rice, while the intervention group replaced their habitual diet of white rice with sorghum grain for seven consecutive days. In all participants, the adiponectin concentration was measured before and after the intervention period. Results. Most study subjects had central obesity and dyslipidemia. Adiponectin levels after the intervention period decreased from the baseline in the control and sorghum groups including in all BMI groups. The change of decreasing adiponectin level was greater in the control than the sorghum group and in line with greater BMI in the sorghum group, but statistically insignificant. No significant difference in adiponectin concentrations was found among BMI groups. Conclusion. Sorghum grain consumption for a week is insufficient to increase adiponectin levels in the prediabetic patients. Insulin resistance, central obesity, and dyslipidemia may be the confounding variables that alter the favorable effect of sorghum on adiponectin. Longer sorghum consumption or other interventions may be needed to increase the adiponectin levels in people under these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sony Wibisono Mudjanarko
- 1Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Teguh Rahardjo
- 1Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Soebagijo Adi Soelistijo
- 1Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
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The Mediterranean Diet in Paediatric Gastrointestinal Disorders. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010079. [PMID: 36615737 PMCID: PMC9823641 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is considered one of the healthiest dietary patterns worldwide, thanks to a combination of foods rich mainly in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory nutrients. Many studies have demonstrated a strong relationship between the Mediterranean diet and some chronic gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of this narrative review was to analyse the role of the Mediterranean diet in several gastrointestinal diseases, so as to give a useful overview on its effectiveness in the prevention and management of these disorders.
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Mateo-Orcajada A, Abenza-Cano L, Cano-Martínez A, Vaquero-Cristóbal R. The Importance of Healthy Habits to Compensate for Differences between Adolescent Males and Females in Anthropometric, Psychological and Physical Fitness Variables. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121926. [PMID: 36553369 PMCID: PMC9777149 DOI: 10.3390/children9121926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a crucial stage in human development, and differences in psychological, physical and body composition variables between males and females have been amply demonstrated. However, the role played by certain healthy habits, such as the practice of physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMD) or the maintenance of an adequate weight status, in compensating for the differences found between males and females in these variables, is not well known. For this reason, the study aimed to analyze whether the practice of physical activity, optimal AMD, and adequate weight status can compensate for the differences between adolescent males and females in anthropometric variables, psychological state, and physical fitness. The sample was composed of 791 adolescents (404 males and 387 females) aged twelve to sixteen years old, whose anthropometric, psychological (autonomy, competence, relatedness, and life satisfaction), and physical fitness variables (cardiorespiratory fitness, upper strength and explosive lower limb power, hamstring and lower back flexibility, and speed) were measured. All measurements were carried out in a single day using the sports pavilion of the four participating schools. The most novel results of this research show that the practice of physical activity was determinant mainly in females, as it reduced the differences found in comparison with males in psychological (p < 0.001−0.045) and anthropometric variables (p < 0.001). Regarding weight status and AMD, these were still relevant for the adolescent population, mainly the achievement of optimal AMD, but males continued to present higher values in physical fitness tests (p < 0.001) and lower values in fat accumulation (p < 0.001), regardless of weight status or AMD. Thus, physical activity seems to be the most determining factor that compensates for the differences between adolescent boys and girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucía Abenza-Cano
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-968-27-82-17
| | | | - Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Kinanthropometry International, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
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Hernando-Redondo J, Toloba A, Benaiges D, Salas-Salvadó J, Martínez-Gonzalez MA, Corella D, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Ros E, Goday A, Castañer O, Fitó M. Mid- and long-term changes in satiety-related hormones, lipid and glucose metabolism, and inflammation after a Mediterranean diet intervention with the goal of losing weight: A randomized, clinical trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:950900. [PMID: 36466401 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.950900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundObesity is produced by the enlargement of the adipose tissue. Functioning as an endocrine organ, it releases and receives information through a complex network of cytokines, hormones, and substrates contributing to a low-chronic inflammation environment. Diet and healthy habits play key roles in the prevention of obesity and its related pathologies. In this regard, there is a need to switch to healthier and more appetizing diets, such as the Mediterranean one.ObjectiveTo compare the mid-and long-term effects of two Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) interventions, one energy-reduced plus physical activity promotion versus a non-restrictive diet, on peripheral satiety-related hormones, weight loss, glucose/lipid metabolism, and pro-inflammatory markers in subjects with obesity/overweight and metabolic syndrome.Materials and methodsA randomized, lifestyle intervention was conducted in 23 Spanish centers, with a large cohort of patients presenting metabolic syndrome. Our study is a subproject set in IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute). Participants were men and women, aged 55–75 and 60–75, respectively, who at baseline met at least three metabolic syndrome components. Subjects were assigned to two intervention groups: (1) an intensive lifestyle intervention with an energy-reduced MedDiet and physical activity promotion (intervention group) with the aim of weight loss; and (2) a normocaloric MedDiet (control). We quantified in a subsample of 300 volunteers from Hospital del Mar Research Institute (Barcelona), following analytes at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year: glucose, HbA1c, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, C-peptide, ghrelin, GLP-1, glucagon, insulin, leptin, PAI-1, resistin, and visfatin. Anthropometric and classical cardiovascular risk factors were also determined. A multivariate statistical model was employed to compare the two groups. Linear mixed-effect models were performed to compare changes in risk factors and biomarkers between intervention groups and over time.ResultsCompared to participants in the control group, those in intervention one showed greater improvements in weight, waist circumference, insulin (P < 0.001), glucose metabolism-related compounds (P < 0.05), triglyceride-related lipid profile (P < 0.05), leptin, blood pressure, and pro-inflammatory markers such as PAI-1 (P < 0.001) at mid-and/or long-term. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, resistin, and vifastin also decreased in both groups.ConclusionA weight loss intervention employing a hypocaloric MedDiet and physical activity promotion has beneficial effects on adiposity, glucose metabolism, lipid profile, leptin, and pro-inflammatory markers, such as PAI-1 in both mid-and long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hernando-Redondo
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Ph.D. Program in Food Science and Nutrition, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Toloba
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Benaiges
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Medicine Department and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Salas-Salvadó
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - M A Martínez-Gonzalez
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - D Corella
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - R Estruch
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F J Tinahones
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, University of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - E Ros
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Lipid Clinic, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Goday
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Medicine Department and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - O Castañer
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Fitó
- Consorcio CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
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The Effect of Dietary Patterns on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214577. [PMID: 36364839 PMCID: PMC9654560 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Some evidence supports the fact that chronic low-grade inflammation contributes to the physiopathology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and circulating markers of inflammation (e.g., C-reactive protein (CRP), pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers (e.g., adiponectin), and endothelial function markers could indicate an ongoing pathology. Following certain dietary patterns (DPs) may result in favorable changes in inflammatory biomarkers. The overarching aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to explore the inflammatory effect of healthy DPs on inflammatory biomarkers in adults with T2DM. A systematic search of the literature was conducted using the electronic databases MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. A total of 10 randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) were analyzed. In our linear meta-analysis, the random-effects model was applied to estimate standardized mean differences (SMD) to associate the effect of the interventions. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Diabetes UK healthy eating, Mediterranean Diet (MD), Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), and the American Heart Association’s Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes diet were associated with a significant reduction in CRP (SMD: −0.83, 99% CI −1.49, −0.17, p < 0.001; I2 94%), while plasma levels of adiponectin were significantly higher with the intake of MD, DPP, and Diabetes UK healthy eating (SMD: 0.81, 99% CI 0.06,1.56, p < 0.005; I2 96%), both of which indicate less inflammation. Sensitivity analyses were carried out, and potential publication bias was examined. In conclusion, low- moderate-quality evidence from RCTs suggests that, for the DPs evaluated, there are favorable changes in CRP and adiponectin.
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Sood S, Feehan J, Itsiopoulos C, Wilson K, Plebanski M, Scott D, Hebert JR, Shivappa N, Mousa A, George ES, de Courten B. Higher Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet Is Associated with Improved Insulin Sensitivity and Selected Markers of Inflammation in Individuals Who Are Overweight and Obese without Diabetes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204437. [PMID: 36297122 PMCID: PMC9608711 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) and chronic low-grade inflammation are risk factors for chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to investigate two dietary indices: Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), and their associations with direct measures of glucose metabolism and adiposity, and biochemical measures including lipids, cytokines and adipokines in overweight/obese adults. This cross-sectional study included 65 participants (males = 63%; age 31.3 ± 8.5 years). Dietary intake via 3-day food diaries was used to measure adherence to MDS (0-45 points); higher scores indicating adherence. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores were calculated with higher scores indicating a pro-inflammatory diet. IR was assessed using hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps, insulin secretion by intravenous glucose tolerance test, adiposity by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and circulating cytokine and adipokine concentrations by multiplex assays. Higher MDS was associated with greater insulin sensitivity (β = 0.179; 95%CI: 0.39, 0.318) after adjusting for age, sex and % body fat, and lower NF-κB, higher adiponectin and adipsin in unadjusted and adjusted models. Higher E-DII score was associated with increased total cholesterol (β = 0.364; 95%CI: 0.066, 0.390) and LDL-cholesterol (β = 0.305; 95%CI: 0.019, 0.287) but not with adiposity, glucose metabolism, cytokines or adipokines. Greater MDS appears to be associated with decreased IR and inflammatory markers in overweight/obese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Sood
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Jack Feehan
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Footscray, VIC 3011, Australia
| | - Catherine Itsiopoulos
- Department of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Kirsty Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Magdalena Plebanski
- Department of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - David Scott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - James R. Hebert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Aya Mousa
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Elena S. George
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Department of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3-9925-6474
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Prevention and Treatment of Obesity-Related Inflammatory Diseases by Edible and Medicinal Plants and Their Active Compounds. IMMUNO 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno2040038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, defined by excessive fat mass and its associated low-grade chronic inflammation, leads to insulin resistance, diabetes, and metabolic dysfunctions. The immunomodulatory properties of natural agents have gained much interest in recent decades. Some of the plant-derived agents are known to be immunomodulators that can affect both innate and adaptive immunity, e.g., thymoquinone, curcumin, punicalagin, resveratrol, quercetin, and genistein. Natural immunomodulators may contribute to the treatment of a number of inflammatory diseases, as they have significant efficacy and safety profiles. The immunomodulatory effects of traditional Greco-Arab and Islamic diets and medicinal plants are well acknowledged in abundant in vitro studies as well as in animal studies and clinical trials. This review highlights the role of Greco-Arab and Islamic diets and medicinal plants in the management of inflammation associated with obesity. Although previously published review articles address the effects of medicinal plants and phytochemicals on obesity-related inflammation, there is no systematic review that emphasizes clinical trials of the clinical significance of these plants and phytochemicals. Given this limitation, the objective of this comprehensive review is to critically evaluate the potential of the most used herbs in the management of obesity-related inflammation based on clinical trials.
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Song ZY, Yuan D, Zhang SX. Role of the microbiome and its metabolites in ankylosing spondylitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1010572. [PMID: 36311749 PMCID: PMC9608452 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic condition that commonly influences the spine and sacroiliac joints, usually progresses to stiffness and progressive functional limitation. Its fundamental etiology and pathogenesis are likely multifactorial and remain elusive. As environmental factors, gut microbiota performs critical functions in the pathogenesis of AS through various mechanisms, including interacting with genes, enhancing intestinal permeability, activating the gut mucosa immune system, and affecting the intestinal microbiota metabolites. This review provides an overview of recent advances in investigating gut microbiota in AS pathogenesis and discusses potential methods for future therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yi Song
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Duo Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sheng-Xiao Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Mesas AE, Jimenez-López E, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Fernández-Rodríguez R, Bizzozero-Peroni B, Garrido-Miguel M, Cavero-Redondo I, López-Gil JF. Are adherence to the Mediterranean diet and siesta individually or jointly associated with blood pressure in Spanish adolescents? Results from the EHDLA study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:934854. [PMID: 36276362 PMCID: PMC9581154 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.934854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Both dietary and sleep patterns can influence both blood pressure levels and heart rate, but these associations have been understudied in adolescents. Furthermore, it is not known whether diet and sleep could exert a synergistic effect with respect to the maintenance of optimal BP levels in this population. Objective To investigate the relationship of blood pressure levels with the combination of higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the habit of siesta (daytime napping) in Spanish adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with data obtained through personal interviews and physical examination from a representative sample of 1,378 adolescents (12-17 years of age) from the Valle de Ricote (Region of Murcia, Spain) selected using a simple random sampling technique. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed with the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in Children and Adolescents, and the frequency and duration of siesta were self-reported. Objective measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were obtained under standardized conditions. Statistical procedures were performed with SPSS software (v.25) and included logistic and generalized regression models adjusted for sex, age, socioeconomic status, body mass index, total energy intake, nighttime sleep duration, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Results Of the 698 adolescents finally studied (mean age 13.9 ± 1.5 years; 56.2% female), 37.1% (n = 259) had high adherence to the Mediterranean diet and 19.6% (n = 137) reported frequent siesta. In the completely adjusted models, compared to adolescents with low Mediterranean diet adherence and no or infrequent siesta, those with high Mediterranean diet adherence and frequent siesta were less likely to have high-normal blood pressure or hypertension (odds ratio = 0.47; 95% confidence interval: 0.26, 0.88) and showed slightly lower systolic blood pressure (ß-coef. = -2.60; 95% CI: -5.18, -0.02). Conclusion Greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet and frequent siesta have a synergistic effect on maintaining lower blood pressure levels in adolescence. These findings reinforce that adherence to both Mediterranean lifestyle behaviors early in life may be an important strategy to prevent hypertension throughout adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Eumann Mesas
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain,Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Estela Jimenez-López
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Virgen de La Luz, Cuenca, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el area temática de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Estela Jimenez-López
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain,Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Bruno Bizzozero-Peroni
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain,Higher Institute of Physical Education, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
| | - Miriam Garrido-Miguel
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain,Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Iván Cavero-Redondo
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain,Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
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Alesi S, Villani A, Mantzioris E, Takele WW, Cowan S, Moran LJ, Mousa A. Anti-Inflammatory Diets in Fertility: An Evidence Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193914. [PMID: 36235567 PMCID: PMC9570802 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a global health concern affecting 48 million couples and 186 million individuals worldwide. Infertility creates a significant economic and social burden for couples who wish to conceive and has been associated with suboptimal lifestyle factors, including poor diet and physical inactivity. Modifying preconception nutrition to better adhere with Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs) is a non-invasive and potentially effective means for improving fertility outcomes. While several dietary patterns have been associated with fertility outcomes, the mechanistic links between diet and infertility remain unclear. A key mechanism outlined in the literature relates to the adverse effects of inflammation on fertility, potentially contributing to irregular menstrual cyclicity, implantation failure, and other negative reproductive sequelae. Therefore, dietary interventions which act to reduce inflammation may improve fertility outcomes. This review consistently shows that adherence to anti-inflammatory diets such as the Mediterranean diet (specifically, increased intake of monounsaturated and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, flavonoids, and reduced intake of red and processed meat) improves fertility, assisted reproductive technology (ART) success, and sperm quality in men. Therefore, integration of anti-inflammatory dietary patterns as low-risk adjunctive fertility treatments may improve fertility partially or fully and reduce the need for prolonged or intensive pharmacological or surgical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Alesi
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Anthony Villani
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
| | - Evangeline Mantzioris
- Clinical and Health Sciences & Alliance for Research in Nutrition, Exercise and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Wubet Worku Takele
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Stephanie Cowan
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Lisa J. Moran
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Aya Mousa
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +61-3-9594-7554
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Gerić M, Matković K, Gajski G, Rumbak I, Štancl P, Karlić R, Bituh M. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet in Croatia: Lessons Learned Today for a Brighter Tomorrow. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183725. [PMID: 36145100 PMCID: PMC9504207 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCD) and lifestyle, particularly diet, have a close relationship. Based on the recent statistics, Croatian men and women lead in European overweight lists, which implies pessimistic prognosis in terms of incidence and prevalence of NCDs in the future. One of the possible solutions to overcome weight problems is turn to traditional balanced and sustainable diets, such as the Mediterranean diet. In this study, we assessed adherence towards Mediterranean diet using a validated questionnaire in an online survey and associated adherence scores with several demographic and anthropometric data. Based on the results of a validated Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (N = 3326), we assessed the adherence score to be 7.6 ± 2.5. The score tended to depend on sex, residence, age, education, income, and body mass index (BMI); indeed, women, residents of a coastal part of the country, older volunteers, those possessing a higher education degree, those with higher income, and those with lower BMI were associated with higher scores. As income was one of the significant findings related to higher adherence scores, we developed a dietary plan complying with Mediterranean diet principles that, on average, costed less than the average traditional balanced diet menu. Taken together, this study brought new findings regarding target groups who need to be encouraged to make lifestyle changes, and highlighted the first steps on how to make them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Gerić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-14682500
| | - Katarina Matković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Gajski
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Rumbak
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Paula Štancl
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rosa Karlić
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martina Bituh
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Arjmand G, Abbas-Zadeh M, Fardaei M, Eftekhari MH. The Effect of Short-term Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet on Hunger Hormones, Anthropometric Parameters, and Brain Structures in Middle-aged Overweight and Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:422-432. [PMID: 36117580 PMCID: PMC9445865 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2021.90829.2180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background The rising prevalence of obesity, as well as its detrimental effects on the brain, has drawn attention to specific dietary patterns. This study aimed to examine the effect of the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) pattern on anthropometric parameters, hunger hormones, and brain structures in overweight and obese women. Methods This randomized trial was conducted in Shiraz between October 2018 and March 2019. We analyzed 37 healthy women with a mean age of 48±5.38 years and a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 32±0.69 Kg/m2. Participants were randomly allocated to a hypocaloric modified MIND diet or a hypocaloric control diet. Differences in anthropometric, laboratory analysis, and brain structure were determined at baseline and three-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Independent and paired sample t test were used to determine between and within differences. We also used mixed-model ANOVA to compare the mean differences between two-factor groups. Results A more significant weight reduction (P<0.0001), BMI (P<0.0001), percentage of body fat (P=0.03), waist circumference (P=0.01), and Leptin concentration (P=0.03) were found in the MIND diet group. The results also showed a significant increase in Ghrelin (P=0.002) and GLP-1 (P=0.01) levels in the MIND diet group. The findings revealed no differences in the whole and regional brain structures between the two groups. Conclusion For the first time, this study showed that the MIND diet intervention could improve the devastating effect of obesity on metabolic profiles and anthropometric parameters. However, we could not find its effect on brain structures.Trial registration number: IRCT20190427043387N1.A preprint of this study was published at https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.06.28.20142018v1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Arjmand
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Abbas-Zadeh
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Fardaei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that systemic chronic inflammation (SCI), which can be modulated by diet, is associated with poor sleep outcomes. However, the role of SCI in diet health and sleep quality relationship has not been well established. METHODS Here, by using the UK Biobank data set, we assessed the association between markers of SCI (leukocyte, platelet, lymphocyte, neutrophil, and basophil counts; C-reactive protein levels and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR)), habitual intake of food groups, diet health and sleep quality in 449,084 participants. We also formally tested the possibility that SCI might mediate the relationship between diet health and sleep quality. RESULTS Our results revealed (i) negative associations between SCI and food groups that are abundant in healthy diets (fruit, vegetable and oily and non-oily fish) and (ii) positive associations between SCI and food groups that are abundant in unhealthy diets (processed meat). Sleep quality was also negatively associated with platelet counts, CRP levels and NLR. Crucially, however, while platelet and neutrophil counts, CRP levels and NLR fully mediated the association between diet health and sleep quality, leukocyte, lymphocyte and basophil counts partially mediated the associations between diet health and sleep quality. CONCLUSION Reducing SCI via dietary interventions could be an effective primary and/or complementary strategy to increase sleep quality. Further interventional trials are warranted to (i) establish the strength of associations, preferably by using validated diet and sleep measures and (ii) examine longer term effects of anti-inflammatory diets on sleep-, diet- and inflammation-related health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piril Hepsomali
- School of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK.,Unilever R&D, Colworth Science Park, Bedford, UK
| | - John A Groeger
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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47
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Farrell SW, Leonard D, Shuval K, DeFina LF, Barlow CE, Pavlovic A, Haskell WL. Cardiorespiratory fitness, white blood cell count, and mortality in men and women. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:605-612. [PMID: 34740872 PMCID: PMC9532609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and white blood cell count (WBC) with mortality outcomes. METHODS A total of 52,056 apparently healthy adults completed a comprehensive health examination, including a maximal treadmill test and blood chemistry analyses. CRF was categorized as high, moderate, or low by age and sex; WBC was categorized as sex-specific quartiles. RESULTS During 17.8 ± 9.5 years (mean ± SD) of follow-up, a total of 4088 deaths occurred. When regressed jointly, significantly decreased all-cause mortality across CRF categories was observed within each quartile of WBC in men. Within WBC Quartile 1, all-cause mortality hazard ratios (HRs) with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were 1.0 (referent), 1.29 (95%CI: 1.06‒1.57), and 2.03 (95%CI: 1.42‒2.92) for high, moderate, and low CRF categories, respectively (p for trend < 0.001). Similar trends were observed in the remaining 3 quartiles. With the exception of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality within Quartile 1 (p for trend = 0.743), there were also similar trends across CRF categories within WBC quartiles in men for both CVD and cancer mortality (p for trend < 0.01 for all). For women, there were no significant trends across CRF categories for mortality outcomes within Quartiles 1-3. However, we observed significantly decreased all-cause mortality across CRF categories within WBC Quartile 4 (HR = 1.05 (95%CI: 0.76‒1.44), HR = 1.63 (95%CI:1.20‒2.21), and HR = 1.87 (95%CI:1.29‒2.69) for high, moderate, and low CRF, respectively (p for trend = 0.002)). Similar trends in women were observed for CVD and cancer mortality within WBC Quartile 4 only. CONCLUSION There are strong joint associations between CRF, WBC, and all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality in men; these associations are less consistent in women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Leonard
- Research Division, The Cooper Institute, Dallas, TX 75230, USA
| | - Kerem Shuval
- Research Division, The Cooper Institute, Dallas, TX 75230, USA
| | - Laura F DeFina
- Research Division, The Cooper Institute, Dallas, TX 75230, USA
| | | | | | - William L Haskell
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
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48
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Mutalub YB, Abdulwahab M, Mohammed A, Yahkub AM, AL-Mhanna SB, Yusof W, Tang SP, Rasool AHG, Mokhtar SS. Gut Microbiota Modulation as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Foods 2022; 11:2575. [PMID: 36076760 PMCID: PMC9455664 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut harbors microbial ecology that is in a symbiotic relationship with its host and has a vital function in keeping host homeostasis. Inimical alterations in the composition of gut microbiota, known as gut dysbiosis, have been associated with cardiometabolic diseases. Studies have revealed the variation in gut microbiota composition in healthy individuals as compared to the composition of those with cardiometabolic diseases. Perturbation of host-microbial interaction attenuates physiological processes and may incite several cardiometabolic disease pathways. This imbalance contributes to cardiometabolic diseases via metabolism-independent and metabolite-dependent pathways. The aim of this review was to elucidate studies that have demonstrated the complex relationship between the intestinal microbiota as well as their metabolites and the development/progression of cardiometabolic diseases. Furthermore, we systematically itemized the potential therapeutic approaches for cardiometabolic diseases that target gut microbiota and/or their metabolites by following the pathophysiological pathways of disease development. These approaches include the use of diet, prebiotics, and probiotics. With the exposition of the link between gut microbiota and cardiometabolic diseases, the human gut microbiota therefore becomes a potential therapeutic target in the development of novel cardiometabolic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahkub Babatunde Mutalub
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia or
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi 74027, Nigeria
| | - Monsurat Abdulwahab
- Department of Midwifery, College of Nursing Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi 74027, Nigeria
| | - Alkali Mohammed
- Department of Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi 74027, Nigeria
| | - Aishat Mutalib Yahkub
- College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi 74027, Nigeria
| | - Sameer Badri AL-Mhanna
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wardah Yusof
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Suk Peng Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia or
| | - Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia or
| | - Siti Safiah Mokhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia or
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Increased Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet after Lifestyle Intervention Improves Oxidative and Inflammatory Status in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081440. [PMID: 35892642 PMCID: PMC9332159 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is recommended as a therapy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) because there is no specific pharmacological treatment for this disease. Objective: To assess the relationship between the adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the intrahepatic fat content (IFC), levels of oxidative stress, and inflammation biomarkers after a 6-month lifestyle intervention in NAFLD patients. Methods: Patients diagnosed with NAFLD (n = 60 adults; 40–60 years old) living in the Balearic Islands, Spain, were classified into two groups, according to the adherence to the MedDiet after 6 months of lifestyle intervention. Anthropometry, blood pressure, IFC, maximal oxygen uptake, and pro/antioxidant and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in plasma and in PBMCs before and after the intervention. Results: Reductions in weight, body mass index, IFC, blood pressure levels, circulating glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and markers of liver damage—aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and cytokeratin 18 (CK-18)—were observed after the intervention. The highest reductions were observed in the group with the best adherence to the MedDiet. A significant improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness was also observed in the group with a higher adherence. The activities of catalase in plasma and catalase and superoxide dismutase in blood mononuclear cells increased only in the group with a higher adherence, as well as the catalase gene expression in the blood mononuclear cells. The plasma levels of malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase decreased, and resolvin-D1 increased in both groups after the intervention, whereas interleukin-6 levels decreased only in the group with a higher adherence to the MedDiet. Conclusions: A greater adherence to the MedDiet is related to greater improvements in IFC, cardiorespiratory fitness, and pro-oxidative and proinflammatory status in NAFLD patients after a 6-month nutritional intervention based on the MedDiet.
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50
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Murtagh A, Cooney L, Higginbotham C, Heavey P. Dietary practices, beliefs and behaviours of adults with inflammatory bowel disease: a cross-sectional study. Ir J Med Sci 2022:10.1007/s11845-022-03097-5. [PMID: 35840827 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-03097-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is widely accepted that there is an association between diet and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Diet may play a role in disease pathogenesis but also in treatment and management of IBD. There is an increased interest in dietary aspects of people with IBD. AIMS To investigate dietary practices, beliefs and behaviours of adults with IBD in Ireland. METHODS An online questionnaire was adapted to explore dietary practices, beliefs and behaviours of people with IBD, and to identify any dietary modifications made due to their IBD. RESULTS A total of 475 participants (female n = 354, male n = 121) took part in this study, 62% had Crohn's disease and 38% had ulcerative colitis. Dietary restrictions were imposed in the hope of preventing a relapse by 85% of participants. The most reported foods avoided included fatty foods (68%), spicy foods (64%) and raw vegetables or fruit (58%). Low fibre white plain foods (74%) appeared to improve symptoms during a relapse. Participant's appetites were higher during remission (8.36, SD = ± 1.95), compared to during relapse (3.71, SD = ± 2.32) (P ≤ 0.001). Almost three-quarters (73%) avoided the same menu as others living in their household and 56% avoided eating out to prevent or for fear of causing a relapse. Additionally, 70% avoided food or drink they liked to try prevent a relapse. CONCLUSION These findings provide important insights into the dietary practices, beliefs and behaviours of adults with IBD. Its evident diet plays an important role, and our findings reiterate the importance of patient education and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Murtagh
- SHE (Sport, Health and Exercise) Research Group, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, N37 HD68, Westmeath, Ireland.
| | - Lorraine Cooney
- Blackrock Clinic, Rock Road, BlackRock, Dublin, A94E4X7, Ireland
| | - Clement Higginbotham
- SHE (Sport, Health and Exercise) Research Group, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, N37 HD68, Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Patricia Heavey
- SHE (Sport, Health and Exercise) Research Group, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, N37 HD68, Westmeath, Ireland
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