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Wang F, Guan S, Xing M, Qian W, Qiu J, Liu X. A rechargeable coating with temporal-sequence antibacterial activity and soft tissue sealing. Bioact Mater 2024; 39:224-238. [PMID: 38832306 PMCID: PMC11145072 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcutaneous implants that penetrate through skin or mucosa are susceptible to bacteria invasion and lack proper soft tissue sealing. Traditional antibacterial strategies primarily focus on bacterial eradication, but excessive exposure to bactericidal agents can induce noticeable tissue damage. Herein, a rechargeable model (HPI-Ti) was constructed using perylene polyimide, an aqueous battery material, achieving temporal-sequence regulation of bacterial killing and soft tissue sealing. Charge storage within HPI-Ti is achieved after galvanostatic charge, and chemical discharge is initiated when immersed in physiological environments. During the early discharge stage, post-charging HPI-Ti demonstrates an antibacterial rate of 99.96 ± 0.01 % for 24 h, preventing biofilm formation. Contact-dependent violent electron transfer between bacteria and the material causes bacteria death. In the later discharge stage, the attenuated discharging status creates a gentler electron-transfer micro-environment for fibroblast proliferation. After discharge, the antibacterial activity can be reinstated by recharge against potential reinfection. The antibacterial efficacy and soft tissue compatibility were verified in vivo. These results demonstrate the potential of the charge-transfer-based model in reconciling antibacterial efficacy with tissue compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Shiwei Guan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Min Xing
- Shanghai Xuhui District Dental Center, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Wenhao Qian
- Shanghai Xuhui District Dental Center, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Jiajun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, PR China
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2
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Maya-López M, Monsalvo-Maraver LA, Delgado-Arzate AL, Olivera-Pérez CI, El-Hafidi M, Silva-Palacios A, Medina-Campos O, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Aschner M, Tinkov AA, Túnez I, Retana-Márquez S, Zazueta C, Santamaría A. Anandamide and WIN 55212-2 Afford Protection in Rat Brain Mitochondria in a Toxic Model Induced by 3-Nitropropionic Acid: an In Vitro Study. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:6435-6452. [PMID: 38307967 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in the development of neurodegenerative disorders. In contrast, the regulation of the endocannabinoid system has been shown to promote neuroprotection in different neurotoxic paradigms. The existence of an active form of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) in mitochondrial membranes (mitCB1R), which might exert its effects through the same signaling mechanisms as the cell membrane CB1R, has been shown to regulate mitochondrial activity. Although there is evidence suggesting that some cannabinoids may induce protective effects on isolated mitochondria, substantial evidence on the role of cannabinoids in mitochondria remains to be explored. In this work, we developed a toxic model of mitochondrial dysfunction induced by exposure of brain mitochondria to the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP). Mitochondria were also pre-incubated with the endogenous agonist anandamide (AEA) and the synthetic CB1R agonist WIN 55212-2 to evaluate their protective effects. Mitochondrial reduction capacity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and mitochondrial swelling were assessed as toxic markers. While 3-NP decreased the mitochondrial reduction capacity and augmented mitochondrial ROS formation and swelling, both AEA and WIN 55212-2 ameliorated these toxic effects. To explore the possible involvement of mitCB1R activation on the protective effects of AEA and WIN 55212-2, mitochondria were also pre-incubated in the presence of the selective CB1R antagonist AM281, which completely reverted the protective effects of the cannabinoids to levels similar to those evoked by 3-NP. These results show partial protective effects of cannabinoids, suggesting that mitCB1R activation may be involved in the recovery of compromised mitochondrial activity, related to reduction of ROS formation and further prevention of mitochondrial swelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Maya-López
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de La Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, 09310, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | | | | | | | - Mohammed El-Hafidi
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, SSA, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Silva-Palacios
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, SSA, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar Medina-Campos
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119435, Russia
- Department of Human Ecology and Bioelementology, and Department of Medical Elementology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Isaac Túnez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas Maimónides de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Red Española de Excelencia en Estimulación Cerebral (REDESTIM), 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Socorro Retana-Márquez
- Departamento de Biología de La Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09310, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Zazueta
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, SSA, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Abel Santamaría
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
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3
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Batliner M, Schumacher F, Wigger D, Vivas W, Prell A, Fohmann I, Köhler T, Schempp R, Riedel A, Vaeth M, Fekete A, Kleuser B, Kurzai O, Nieuwenhuizen NE. The Candida albicans quorum-sensing molecule farnesol alters sphingolipid metabolism in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. mBio 2024; 15:e0073224. [PMID: 38953353 PMCID: PMC11323541 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00732-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans, an opportunistic fungal pathogen, produces the quorum-sensing molecule farnesol, which we have shown alters the transcriptional response and phenotype of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs), including their cytokine secretion and ability to prime T cells. This is partially dependent on the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), which has numerous ligands, including the sphingolipid metabolite sphingosine 1-phosphate. Sphingolipids are a vital component of membranes that affect membrane protein arrangement and phagocytosis of C. albicans by DCs. Thus, we quantified sphingolipid metabolites in monocytes differentiating into DCs by High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Farnesol increased the activity of serine palmitoyltransferase, leading to increased levels of 3-keto-dihydrosphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, and dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate and inhibited dihydroceramide desaturase by inducing oxidative stress, leading to increased levels of dihydroceramide and dihydrosphingomyelin species and reduced ceramide levels. Accumulation of dihydroceramides can inhibit mitochondrial function; accordingly, farnesol reduced mitochondrial respiration. Dihydroceramide desaturase inhibition increases lipid droplet formation, which we observed in farnesol-treated cells, coupled with an increase in intracellular triacylglycerol species. Furthermore, inhibition of dihydroceramide desaturase with either farnesol or specific inhibitors impaired the ability of DCs to prime interferon-γ-producing T cells. The effect of farnesol on sphingolipid metabolism, triacylglycerol synthesis, and mitochondrial respiration was not dependent on PPAR-γ. In summary, our data reveal novel effects of farnesol on sphingolipid metabolism, neutral lipid synthesis, and mitochondrial function in DCs that affect their instruction of T cell cytokine secretion, indicating that C. albicans can manipulate host cell metabolism via farnesol secretion.IMPORTANCECandida albicans is a common commensal yeast, but it is also an opportunistic pathogen which is one of the leading causes of potentially lethal hospital-acquired infections. There is growing evidence that its overgrowth in the gut can influence diseases as diverse as alcohol-associated liver disease and COVID-19. Previously, we found that its quorum-sensing molecule, farnesol, alters the phenotype of dendritic cells differentiating from monocytes, impairing their ability to drive protective T cell responses. Here, we demonstrate that farnesol alters the metabolism of sphingolipids, important structural components of the membrane that also act as signaling molecules. In monocytes differentiating to dendritic cells, farnesol inhibited dihydroceramide desaturase, resulting in the accumulation of dihydroceramides and a reduction in ceramide levels. Farnesol impaired mitochondrial respiration, known to occur with an accumulation of dihydroceramides, and induced the accumulation of triacylglycerol and oil bodies. Inhibition of dihydroceramide desaturase resulted in the impaired ability of DCs to induce interferon-γ production by T cells. Thus, farnesol production by C. albicans could manipulate the function of dendritic cells by altering the sphingolipidome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Batliner
- Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Dominik Wigger
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Vivas
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital–Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Associated Research Group Translational Infection Medicine, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology–Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital–Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Agata Prell
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingo Fohmann
- Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Köhler
- Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rebekka Schempp
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Angela Riedel
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center (MSNZ), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Vaeth
- Max Planck Research Group, Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Agnes Fekete
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Kurzai
- Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Research Group Fungal Septomics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology–Hans Knoell Institute, Jena, Germany
- National Reference Center for Invasive Fungal Infections, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology–Hans Knoell Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Natalie E. Nieuwenhuizen
- Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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4
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Pattoo TS, Kim SA, Khanday FA. BAG3 Mediated Down-regulation in Expression of p66shc has Ramifications on Cellular Proliferation, Apoptosis and Metastasis. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01460-0. [PMID: 39127862 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01460-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Redundancy of cancer cells towards ROS-mediated apoptosis despite expressing proline-rich p66shc abundantly needs to be investigated properly. P66shc, an adapter protein, is indispensable both for initiating ROS-mediated apoptosis and subsequent ROS generation through Rac-1 activation. P66shc gets phosphorylated at Ser-36 that triggers its translocation to the mitochondria and subsequent release of Cytochrome c in response to oxidative stress. It also aids in Rac-1 dependent NADPH oxidase activation, leading to the generation of cytosolic ROS that can perform diverse functions depending on its concentration. This study has identified the multi-faceted anti-apoptotic protein BAG3 as an interacting partner of p66shc. BAG3 utilizes its WW domain to bind to the proline-rich motifs of p66shc. BAG3, through its WW domain, antagonizes p66shc mediated apoptosis, by inhibiting both the expression and phosphorylation of p66shc under normal and oxidative stress conditions. This results in significant protection against ROS-mediated apoptosis. BAG3-mediated reduction in p66shc expression increases cell proliferation and metastasis. The increase in cell proliferation is attributed to the impact of BAG3 on Rac-1 activation and ROS production under normal conditions. This study has unraveled an interactor of p66shc that enhances pro-survival role while simultaneously suppressing its apoptotic role.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soo-A Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Oriental Medicine, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Firdous A Khanday
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
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5
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Shoudho K, Uddin S, Rumon MMH, Shakil MS. Influence of Physicochemical Properties of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Their Antibacterial Activity. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:33303-33334. [PMID: 39130596 PMCID: PMC11308002 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
The increasing occurrence of infectious diseases caused by antimicrobial resistance organisms urged the necessity to develop more potent, selective, and safe antimicrobial agents. The unique magnetic and tunable properties of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) make them a promising candidate for different theragnostic applications, including antimicrobial agents. Though IONPs act as a nonspecific antimicrobial agent, their antimicrobial activities are directly or indirectly linked with their synthesis methods, synthesizing precursors, size, shapes, concentration, and surface modifications. Alteration of these parameters could accelerate or decelerate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). An increase in ROS role production disrupts bacterial cell walls, cell membranes, alters major biomolecules (e.g., lipids, proteins, nucleic acids), and affects metabolic processes (e.g., Krebs cycle, fatty acid synthesis, ATP synthesis, glycolysis, and mitophagy). In this review, we will investigate the antibacterial activity of bare and surface-modified IONPs and the influence of physiochemical parameters on their antibacterial activity. Additionally, we will report the potential mechanism of IONPs' action in driving this antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishan
Nandi Shoudho
- Department
of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brac
University, Kha-224 Merul Badda, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University
of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Shihab Uddin
- Department
of Bioengineering, King Fahd University
of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Mahamudul Hasan Rumon
- Department
of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brac
University, Kha-224 Merul Badda, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Salman Shakil
- Department
of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brac
University, Kha-224 Merul Badda, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
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6
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Tao H, Zhu P, Xia W, Chu M, Chen K, Wang Q, Gu Y, Lu X, Bai J, Geng D. The Emerging Role of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain in Skeletal Aging. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1784-1812. [PMID: 37815897 PMCID: PMC11272194 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis is crucial for ensuring healthy mitochondria and normal cellular function. This process is primarily responsible for regulating processes that include mitochondrial OXPHOS, which generates ATP, as well as mitochondrial oxidative stress, apoptosis, calcium homeostasis, and mitophagy. Bone mesenchymal stem cells express factors that aid in bone formation and vascular growth. Positive regulation of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow affects the differentiation of osteoclasts. Furthermore, the metabolic regulation of cells that play fundamental roles in various regions of the bone, as well as interactions within the bone microenvironment, actively participates in regulating bone integrity and aging. The maintenance of cellular homeostasis is dependent on the regulation of intracellular organelles, thus understanding the impact of mitochondrial functional changes on overall bone metabolism is crucially important. Recent studies have revealed that mitochondrial homeostasis can lead to morphological and functional abnormalities in senescent cells, particularly in the context of bone diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal diseases results in abnormal metabolism of bone-associated cells and a secondary dysregulated microenvironment within bone tissue. This imbalance in the oxidative system and immune disruption in the bone microenvironment ultimately leads to bone dysplasia. In this review, we examine the latest developments in mitochondrial respiratory chain regulation and its impacts on maintenance of bone health. Specifically, we explored whether enhancing mitochondrial function can reduce the occurrence of bone cell deterioration and improve bone metabolism. These findings offer prospects for developing bone remodeling biology strategies to treat age-related degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqiang Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenyu Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Miao Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qiufei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, First People’s Hospital of Changshu City, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ye Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, First People’s Hospital of Changshu City, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaomin Lu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Haian Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China.
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.
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Haque PS, Kapur N, Barrett TA, Theiss AL. Mitochondrial function and gastrointestinal diseases. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:537-555. [PMID: 38740978 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00931-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that function in cellular energy metabolism, intracellular and extracellular signalling, cellular fate and stress responses. Mitochondria of the intestinal epithelium, the cellular interface between self and enteric microbiota, have emerged as crucial in intestinal health. Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer. In this Review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of intestinal epithelial cell mitochondrial metabolism, function and signalling to affect tissue homeostasis, including gut microbiota composition. We also discuss mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics for inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer and the evolving concept of mitochondrial impairment as a consequence versus initiator of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parsa S Haque
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Neeraj Kapur
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Terrence A Barrett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
- Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Arianne L Theiss
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA.
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8
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An X, Yu W, Liu J, Tang D, Yang L, Chen X. Oxidative cell death in cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:556. [PMID: 39090114 PMCID: PMC11294602 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06939-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive oxygen-containing molecules generated as natural byproducts during cellular processes, including metabolism. Under normal conditions, ROS play crucial roles in diverse cellular functions, including cell signaling and immune responses. However, a disturbance in the balance between ROS production and cellular antioxidant defenses can lead to an excessive ROS buildup, causing oxidative stress. This stress damages essential cellular components, including lipids, proteins, and DNA, potentially culminating in oxidative cell death. This form of cell death can take various forms, such as ferroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, paraptosis, parthanatos, and oxeiptosis, each displaying distinct genetic, biochemical, and signaling characteristics. The investigation of oxidative cell death holds promise for the development of pharmacological agents that are used to prevent tumorigenesis or treat established cancer. Specifically, targeting key antioxidant proteins, such as SLC7A11, GCLC, GPX4, TXN, and TXNRD, represents an emerging approach for inducing oxidative cell death in cancer cells. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent progress, opportunities, and challenges in targeting oxidative cell death for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin An
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wenfeng Yu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China.
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
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9
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Paulsen B, Piechota S, Barrachina F, Giovannini A, Kats S, Potts KS, Rockwell G, Marchante M, Estevez SL, Noblett AD, Figueroa AB, Aschenberger C, Kelk DA, Forti M, Marcinyshyn S, Wiemer K, Sanchez M, Belchin P, Lee JA, Buyuk E, Slifkin RE, Smela MP, Fortuna PRJ, Chatterjee P, McCulloh DH, Copperman AB, Ordonez-Perez D, Klein JU, Kramme CC. Rescue in vitro maturation using ovarian support cells of human oocytes from conventional stimulation cycles yields oocytes with improved nuclear maturation and transcriptomic resemblance to in vivo matured oocytes. J Assist Reprod Genet 2024; 41:2021-2036. [PMID: 38814543 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-024-03143-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Determine if the gene expression profiles of ovarian support cells (OSCs) and cumulus-free oocytes are bidirectionally influenced by co-culture during in vitro maturation (IVM). METHODS Fertility patients aged 25 to 45 years old undergoing conventional ovarian stimulation donated denuded immature oocytes for research. Oocytes were randomly allocated to either OSC-IVM culture (intervention) or Media-IVM culture (control) for 24-28 h. The OSC-IVM culture condition was composed of 100,000 OSCs in suspension culture with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH), androstenedione, and doxycycline supplementation. The Media-IVM control lacked OSCs and contained the same supplementation. A limited set of in vivo matured MII oocytes were donated for comparative evaluation. Endpoints consisted of MII formation rate, morphological and spindle quality assessment, and gene expression analysis compared to in vitro and in vivo controls. RESULTS OSC-IVM resulted in a statistically significant improvement in MII formation rate compared to the Media-IVM control, with no apparent effect on morphology or spindle assembly. OSC-IVM MII oocytes displayed a closer transcriptomic maturity signature to IVF-MII controls than Media-IVM control MII oocytes. The gene expression profile of OSCs was modulated in the presence of oocytes, displaying culture- and time-dependent differential gene expression during IVM. CONCLUSION The OSC-IVM platform is a novel tool for rescue maturation of human oocytes, yielding oocytes with improved nuclear maturation and a closer transcriptomic resemblance to in vivo matured oocytes, indicating a potential enhancement in oocyte cytoplasmic maturation. These improvements on oocyte quality after OSC-IVM are possibly occurring through bidirectional crosstalk of cumulus-free oocytes and ovarian support cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Paulsen
- Gameto Inc., 430 E. 29th St Fl 14, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | | | | | - Simone Kats
- Gameto Inc., 430 E. 29th St Fl 14, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | | | | | - Samantha L Estevez
- Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marta Sanchez
- Ruber Juan Bravo University Hospital, Eugin Group, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Belchin
- Ruber Juan Bravo University Hospital, Eugin Group, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joseph A Lee
- Reproductive Medicine Associates of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erkan Buyuk
- Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Reproductive Medicine Associates of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rick E Slifkin
- Reproductive Medicine Associates of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Merrick Pierson Smela
- Wyss Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick R J Fortuna
- Wyss Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pranam Chatterjee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Alan B Copperman
- Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Reproductive Medicine Associates of New York, New York, NY, USA
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10
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Rai NK, Venugopal H, Rajesh R, Ancha P, Venkatesh S. Mitochondrial complex-1 as a therapeutic target for cardiac diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05074-1. [PMID: 39033212 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is critical for the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Complex-1 (CI) is an essential component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain that participates in oxidative phosphorylation and energy production. CI is the largest multisubunit complex (~ 1 Mda) and comprises 45 protein subunits encoded by seven mt-DNA genes and 38 nuclear genes. These subunits function as the enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen (NADH): ubiquinone oxidoreductase. CI dysregulation has been implicated in various CVDs, including heart failure, ischemic heart disease, pressure overload, hypertrophy, and cardiomyopathy. Several studies demonstrated that impaired CI function contributes to increased oxidative stress, altered calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial DNA damage in cardiac cells, leading to cardiomyocyte dysfunction and apoptosis. CI dysfunction has been associated with endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and vascular remodeling, critical processes in developing atherosclerosis and hypertension. Although CI is crucial in physiological and pathological conditions, no potential therapeutics targeting CI are available to treat CVDs. We believe that a lack of understanding of CI's precise mechanisms and contributions to CVDs limits the development of therapeutic strategies. In this review, we comprehensively analyze the role of CI in cardiovascular health and disease to shed light on its potential therapeutic target role in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumar Rai
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 26505, WV, USA
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Harikrishnan Venugopal
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Rithika Rajesh
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 26505, WV, USA
| | - Pranavi Ancha
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 26505, WV, USA
| | - Sundararajan Venkatesh
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, 26505, WV, USA.
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11
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Rauseo D, Contreras-Baeza Y, Faurand H, Cárcamo N, Suárez R, von Faber-Castell A, Silva F, Mora-González V, Wyss MT, Baeza-Lehnert F, Ruminot I, Alvarez-Navarro C, Martín AS, Weber B, Sandoval PY, Barros LF. Lactate-carried Mitochondrial Energy Overflow. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.19.604361. [PMID: 39071354 PMCID: PMC11275747 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.19.604361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
We addressed the question of mitochondrial lactate metabolism using genetically-encoded sensors. The organelle was found to contain a dynamic lactate pool that leads to dose- and time-dependent protein lactylation. In neurons, mitochondrial lactate reported blood lactate levels with high fidelity. The exchange of lactate across the inner mitochondrial membrane was found to be mediated by a high affinity H + -coupled transport system involving the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier MPC. Assessment of electron transport chain activity and determination of lactate flux showed that mitochondria are tonic lactate producers, a phenomenon driven by energization and stimulated by hypoxia. We conclude that an overflow mechanism caps the redox level of mitochondria, while saving energy in the form of lactate. One Sentence Summary Mitochondrial lactate production.
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12
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Vahedi Raad M, Firouzabadi AM, Tofighi Niaki M, Henkel R, Fesahat F. The impact of mitochondrial impairments on sperm function and male fertility: a systematic review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:83. [PMID: 39020374 PMCID: PMC11253428 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01252-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides adenine triphosphate (ATP) production for sustaining motility, the mitochondria of sperm also host other critical cellular functions during germ cell development and fertilization including calcium homeostasis, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and in some cases steroid hormone biosynthesis. Normal mitochondrial membrane potential with optimal mitochondrial performance is essential for sperm motility, capacitation, acrosome reaction, and DNA integrity. RESULTS Defects in the sperm mitochondrial function can severely harm the fertility potential of males. The role of sperm mitochondria in fertilization and its final fate after fertilization is still controversial. Here, we review the current knowledge on human sperm mitochondria characteristics and their physiological and pathological conditions, paying special attention to improvements in assistant reproductive technology and available treatments to ameliorate male infertility. CONCLUSION Although mitochondrial variants associated with male infertility have potential clinical use, research is limited. Further understanding is needed to determine how these characteristics lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes and affect male fertility potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoo Vahedi Raad
- Department of Biology & Anatomical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Masoud Firouzabadi
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Maryam Tofighi Niaki
- Health Reproductive Research Center, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Ralf Henkel
- LogixX Pharma, Theale, Berkshire, UK.
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.
| | - Farzaneh Fesahat
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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13
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Liu S, Sui J, Luo B, Zhang J, Xiang X, Yang T, Luo Y, Liu J. Discovery of 5-(Piperidin-4-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole Derivatives as a New Class of Human Caseinolytic Protease P Agonists for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Med Chem 2024; 67:10622-10642. [PMID: 38905539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Chemical agonism of human caseinolytic protease P (HsClpP) is increasingly being recognized as a potential anticancer strategy due to its critical role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. We unveil the discovery of 5-(piperidin-4-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as a novel class of HsClpP agonists and demonstrate for the first time the application of HsClpP agonists in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (Pace, A.; Pierro, P. The new era of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2009, 7 (21), 4337-4348). Compound SL44 exhibited potent HsClpP agonistic activity in the α-casein hydrolysis assay (EC50 = 1.30 μM) and inhibited the proliferation of HCCLM3 cells (IC50 = 3.1 μM, 21.4-fold higher than hit ADX-47273). Mechanistically, SL44 induces degradation of respiratory chain complex subunits and leads to apoptosis in HCC cells. In vivo results demonstrated that SL44 has potent tumor growth inhibitory activity and has a superior safety profile compared to the kinase inhibitor sorafenib. Overall, we developed a novel class of HsClpP agonists that can potentially be used for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Liu
- Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Sui
- Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Baozhu Luo
- Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiangnan Zhang
- Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinrong Xiang
- Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Youfu Luo
- Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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14
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Odhiambo CA, Derilus D, Impoinvil LM, Omoke D, Saizonou H, Okeyo S, Dada N, Mulder N, Nyamai D, Nyanjom S, Lenhart A, Djogbénou LS, Ochomo E. Key gene modules and hub genes associated with pyrethroid and organophosphate resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes: a systems biology approach. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:665. [PMID: 38961324 PMCID: PMC11223346 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10572-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are the main methods used to control mosquito populations for malaria prevention. The efficacy of these strategies is threatened by the spread of insecticide resistance (IR), limiting the success of malaria control. Studies of the genetic evolution leading to insecticide resistance could enable the identification of molecular markers that can be used for IR surveillance and an improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with IR. This study used a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) algorithm, a systems biology approach, to identify genes with similar co-expression patterns (modules) and hub genes that are potential molecular markers for insecticide resistance surveillance in Kenya and Benin. A total of 20 and 26 gene co-expression modules were identified via average linkage hierarchical clustering from Anopheles arabiensis and An. gambiae, respectively, and hub genes (highly connected genes) were identified within each module. Three specific genes stood out: serine protease, E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, and cuticular proteins, which were top hub genes in both species and could serve as potential markers and targets for monitoring IR in these malaria vectors. In addition to the identified markers, we explored molecular mechanisms using enrichment maps that revealed a complex process involving multiple steps, from odorant binding and neuronal signaling to cellular responses, immune modulation, cellular metabolism, and gene regulation. Incorporation of these dynamics into the development of new insecticides and the tracking of insecticide resistance could improve the sustainable and cost-effective deployment of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Awuor Odhiambo
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya.
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Global Health Research (CGHR), Kisumu, Kenya.
| | - Dieunel Derilus
- Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lucy Mackenzie Impoinvil
- Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Diana Omoke
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Global Health Research (CGHR), Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Helga Saizonou
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research Center (TIDRC), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Stephen Okeyo
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Global Health Research (CGHR), Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Nsa Dada
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Nicola Mulder
- Human, Heredity, and Health in Africa H3A Bionet Network, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dorothy Nyamai
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Steven Nyanjom
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Audrey Lenhart
- Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Entomology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Luc S Djogbénou
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research Center (TIDRC), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Cotonou, Benin
- Regional Institute of Public Health (IRSP), Ouidah, Benin
| | - Eric Ochomo
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Global Health Research (CGHR), Kisumu, Kenya
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
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15
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Mungamuri SK, Ara D. Short communication on "new insights into the combined toxicity of aflatoxin B1 and Fumonisin B1 in HepG2 cells using Seahorse respirometry analysis and RNA transcriptome sequencing". J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23756. [PMID: 38940674 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Kumar Mungamuri
- Division of Food Safety, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dilkash Ara
- Division of Food Safety, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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16
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Dixon S, O'connor AT, Brooks-Noreiga C, Clark MA, Levy A, Castejon AM. Role of renin angiotensin system inhibitors and metformin in Glioblastoma Therapy: a review. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2024; 94:1-23. [PMID: 38914751 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-024-04686-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive and incurable disease accounting for about 10,000 deaths in the USA each year. Despite the current treatment approach which includes surgery with chemotherapy and radiation therapy, there remains a high prevalence of recurrence. Notable improvements have been observed in persons receiving concurrent antihypertensive drugs such as renin angiotensin inhibitors (RAS) or the antidiabetic drug metformin with standard therapy. Anti-tumoral effects of RAS inhibitors and metformin have been observed in in vitro and in vivo studies. Although clinical trials have shown mixed results, the potential for the use of RAS inhibitors and metformin as adjuvant GBM therapy remains promising. Nevertheless, evidence suggest that these drugs exert multimodal antitumor actions; by particularly targeting several cancer hallmarks. In this review, we highlight the results of clinical studies using multidrug cocktails containing RAS inhibitors and or metformin added to standard therapy for GBM. In addition, we highlight the possible molecular mechanisms by which these repurposed drugs with an excellent safety profile might elicit their anti-tumoral effects. RAS inhibition elicits anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and immune sensitivity effects in GBM. However, metformin promotes anti-migratory, anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects mainly through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase. Also, we discussed metformin's potential in targeting both GBM cells as well as GBM associated-stem cells. Finally, we summarize a few drug interactions that may cause an additive or antagonistic effect that may lead to adverse effects and influence treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashana Dixon
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA.
| | - Ann Tenneil O'connor
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Chloe Brooks-Noreiga
- Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Michelle A Clark
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Arkene Levy
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Ana M Castejon
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
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17
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Sepúlveda-Lara A, Sepúlveda P, Marzuca-Nassr GN. Resistance Exercise Training as a New Trend in Alzheimer's Disease Research: From Molecular Mechanisms to Prevention. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7084. [PMID: 39000191 PMCID: PMC11241132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a pathology characterized by the progressive loss of neuronal connections, which leads to gray matter atrophy in the brain. Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent type of dementia and has been classified into two types, early onset, which has been associated with genetic factors, and late onset, which has been associated with environmental factors. One of the greatest challenges regarding Alzheimer's disease is the high economic cost involved, which is why the number of studies aimed at prevention and treatment have increased. One possible approach is the use of resistance exercise training, given that it has been shown to have neuroprotective effects associated with Alzheimer's disease, such as increasing cortical and hippocampal volume, improving neuroplasticity, and promoting cognitive function throughout the life cycle. However, how resistance exercise training specifically prevents or ameliorates Alzheimer's disease has not been fully characterized. Therefore, the aim of this review was to identify the molecular basis by which resistance exercise training could prevent or treat Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Sepúlveda-Lara
- Doctorado en Ciencias mención Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - Paulina Sepúlveda
- Departamento de Ciencias Preclínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - Gabriel Nasri Marzuca-Nassr
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Rehabilitación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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18
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Mangiapelo L, Frangiamone M, Vila-Donat P, Paşca D, Ianni F, Cossignani L, Manyes L. Grape pomace as a novel functional ingredient: Mitigating ochratoxin A bioaccessibility and unraveling cytoprotective mechanisms in vitro. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 9:100800. [PMID: 39040226 PMCID: PMC11261260 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins, secondary metabolites produced by molds, pose significant health risk through contamination of globally consumed cereals. Ochratoxin A (OTA), a prevalent mycotoxin in cereals, is associated with various health hazards, including immunotoxicity. This study explores the bioaccessibility of OTA in bread and its impact on the gastrointestinal barrier. A focus is placed on grape pomace (GP), a by-product of the wine industry, as a potential mitigator of OTA toxicity. Results demonstrate that GP reduces OTA bioaccessibility in the human gastrointestinal system from 94% to 81% at intestinal level, showing promise in limiting the absorption of the harmful toxin. Additionally, GP exhibits cytoprotective effects, enhancing cell viability and mitigating OTA-induced toxicity in both Caco-2 and Jurkat T cells. In view of the above, to understand the mechanisms by which OTA exhibits its toxic effects, flow cytometry was chosen as the main technique for the analysis of cell cycle, reactive oxygen species levels and mitochondrial parameters. Cytofluorimetric evaluation indicates GP's potential in limiting OTA-induced damage at cellular level. The study suggests that GP could serve as functional ingredient to reduce mycotoxin bioaccessibility and toxicity in cereal-based foods, offering a novel and promising approach to enhance food safety and protect public health. The finding highlights the potential of utilizing grape pomace in food formulations to mitigate mycotoxin contamination, providing a valuable contribution to the ongoing efforts to ensure the safety of globally consumed cereal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Mangiapelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimo Frangiamone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pilar Vila-Donat
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de València, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Denisia Paşca
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de València, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
- Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, Department 3 - Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Federica Ianni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lina Cossignani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lara Manyes
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de València, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
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Dai K, Wang Z, Gao B, Li L, Gu F, Tao X, You W, Wang Z. APE1 regulates mitochondrial DNA damage repair after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage in vivo and in vitro. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2024; 9:230-242. [PMID: 37612054 PMCID: PMC11221324 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2023-002524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) can result in a highly unfavourable prognosis. In recent years, the study of SAH has focused on early brain injury (EBI), which is a crucial progress that contributes to adverse prognosis. SAH can lead to various complications, including mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is an essential protein with multifaceted functionality integral to DNA repair and redox signalling. However, the role of APE1 in mitochondrial DNA damage repair after SAH is still unclear. METHODS Our study involved an in vivo endovascular perforation model in rats and an in vitro neuron oxyhaemoglobin intervention. Then, the effects of APE1 on mitochondrial DNA damage repair were analysed by western blot, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR, mitochondrial bioenergetics measurement and neurobehavioural experiments. RESULTS We found that the level of APE1 decreased while the mitochondria DNA damage and neuronal death increased in a rat model of SAH. Overexpression of APE1 improved short-term and long-term behavioural impairment in rats after SAH. In vitro, after primary neurons exposed to oxyhaemoglobin, APE1 expression significantly decreased along with increased mitochondrial DNA damage, a reduction in the subunit of respiratory chain complex levels and subsequent respiratory chain dysfunction. Overexpression of APE1 relieved energy metabolism disorders in the mitochondrial of neurons and reduced neuronal apoptosis. CONCLUSION In conclusion, APE1 is involved in EBI after SAH by affecting mitochondrial apoptosis via the mitochondrial respiratory chain. APE1 may potentially play a vital role in the EBI stage after SAH, making it a critical target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zongqi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bixi Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Longyuan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyu Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanchun You
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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20
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Deane C, Piasecki M, Atherton P. Skeletal muscle immobilisation-induced atrophy: mechanistic insights from human studies. Clin Sci (Lond) 2024; 138:741-756. [PMID: 38895777 PMCID: PMC11186857 DOI: 10.1042/cs20231198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Periods of skeletal muscle disuse lead to rapid declines in muscle mass (atrophy), which is fundamentally underpinned by an imbalance between muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown (MPB). The complex interplay of molecular mechanisms contributing to the altered regulation of muscle protein balance during disuse have been investigated but rarely synthesised in the context of humans. This narrative review discusses human models of muscle disuse and the ensuing inversely exponential rate of muscle atrophy. The molecular processes contributing to altered protein balance are explored, with a particular focus on growth and breakdown signalling pathways, mitochondrial adaptations and neuromuscular dysfunction. Finally, key research gaps within the disuse atrophy literature are highlighted providing future avenues to enhance our mechanistic understanding of human disuse atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen S. Deane
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, U.K
| | - Matthew Piasecki
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology (CoMAP), Medical Research Council/Versus Arthritis UK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), University of Nottingham, U.K
| | - Philip J. Atherton
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology (CoMAP), Medical Research Council/Versus Arthritis UK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), University of Nottingham, U.K
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21
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Fresa K, Catandi GD, Whitcomb L, Gonzalez-Castro RA, Chicco AJ, Carnevale EM. Adiposity in mares induces insulin dysregulation and mitochondrial dysfunction which can be mitigated by nutritional intervention. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13992. [PMID: 38886475 PMCID: PMC11183153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64628-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex disease associated with augmented risk of metabolic disorder development and cellular dysfunction in various species. The goal of the present study was to investigate the impacts of obesity on the metabolic health of old mares as well as test the ability of diet supplementation with either a complex blend of nutrients designed to improve equine metabolism and gastrointestinal health or L-carnitine alone to mitigate negative effects of obesity. Mares (n = 19, 17.9 ± 3.7 years) were placed into one of three group: normal-weight (NW, n = 6), obese (OB, n = 7) or obese fed a complex diet supplement for 12 weeks (OBD, n = 6). After 12 weeks and completion of sample collections, OB mares received L-carnitine alone for an additional 6 weeks. Obesity in mares was significantly associated with insulin dysregulation, reduced muscle mitochondrial function, and decreased skeletal muscle oxidative capacity with greater ROS production when compared to NW. Obese mares fed the complex diet supplement had better insulin sensivity, greater cell lipid metabolism, and higher muscle oxidative capacity with reduced ROS production than OB. L-carnitine supplementation alone did not significantly alter insulin signaling, but improved lipid metabolism and muscle oxidative capacity with reduced ROS. In conclusion, obesity is associated with insulin dysregulation and altered skeletal muscle metabolism in older mares. However, dietary interventions are an effective strategy to improve metabolic status and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in older mares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Fresa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Giovana D Catandi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Luke Whitcomb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Raul A Gonzalez-Castro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Adam J Chicco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Elaine M Carnevale
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
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22
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Shi X, Cao Y, Wang H, Zhao Q, Yan C, Li S, Jing L. Vaccarin Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Inhibition of p38 MAPK Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-024-10525-7. [PMID: 38886316 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-024-10525-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Doxorubicin is a frequently used chemotherapeutic agent for treating various malignancies. However, it leads to severe cardiotoxic side effects, such as heart failure, and elevates the risk of sudden cardiac death among cancer patients. While oxidative stress has been identified as the primary cause of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, therapeutic antioxidant approaches have yielded unsatisfactory outcomes. The aim of this study is to explore the therapeutic potential of vaccarin, an active flavonoid glycoside extracted from traditional Chinese herbal agent Semen Vaccariae, in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. We observed that vaccarin significantly ameliorates doxorubicin-induced heart dysfunction in mouse model and suppresses oxidative stress mediated cell apoptosis via specifically inhibiting the activation of p38 MAPK pathway. In vitro, we observed that vaccarin alleviates doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization and ROS generation in H9c2 cell, but the p38 MAPK agonist anisomycin reverses these effects. Our findings provide a promising natural antioxidant to protect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Cong Yan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shengzhu Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ling Jing
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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23
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Laird M, Ku JC, Raiten J, Sriram S, Moore M, Li Y. Mitochondrial metabolism regulation and epigenetics in hypoxia. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1393232. [PMID: 38915781 PMCID: PMC11194441 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1393232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The complex and dynamic interaction between cellular energy control and gene expression modulation is shown by the intersection between mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetics in hypoxic environments. Poor oxygen delivery to tissues, or hypoxia, is a basic physiological stressor that sets off a series of reactions in cells to adapt and endure oxygen-starved environments. Often called the "powerhouse of the cell," mitochondria are essential to cellular metabolism, especially regarding producing energy through oxidative phosphorylation. The cellular response to hypoxia entails a change in mitochondrial metabolism to improve survival, including epigenetic modifications that control gene expression without altering the underlying genome. By altering the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis, cell survival, and metabolism, these epigenetic modifications help cells adapt to hypoxia. The sophisticated interplay between mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetics in hypoxia is highlighted by several important points, which have been summarized in the current article. Deciphering the relationship between mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetics during hypoxia is essential to understanding the molecular processes that regulate cellular adaptation to reduced oxygen concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Laird
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Jennifer C. Ku
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Jacob Raiten
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Sashwat Sriram
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Megan Moore
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Biomedical Engineering, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
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24
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Lin P, Lu Y, Zheng J, Lin Y, Zhao X, Cui L. Strategic disruption of cancer's powerhouse: precise nanomedicine targeting of mitochondrial metabolism. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:318. [PMID: 38849914 PMCID: PMC11162068 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02585-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria occupy a central role in the biology of most eukaryotic cells, functioning as the hub of oxidative metabolism where sugars, fats, and amino acids are ultimately oxidized to release energy. This crucial function fuels a variety of cellular activities. Disruption in mitochondrial metabolism is a common feature in many diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative conditions and cardiovascular diseases. Targeting tumor cell mitochondrial metabolism with multifunctional nanosystems emerges as a promising strategy for enhancing therapeutic efficacy against cancer. This review comprehensively outlines the pathways of mitochondrial metabolism, emphasizing their critical roles in cellular energy production and metabolic regulation. The associations between aberrant mitochondrial metabolism and the initiation and progression of cancer are highlighted, illustrating how these metabolic disruptions contribute to oncogenesis and tumor sustainability. More importantly, innovative strategies employing nanomedicines to precisely target mitochondrial metabolic pathways in cancer therapy are fully explored. Furthermore, key challenges and future directions in this field are identified and discussed. Collectively, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of the current state and future potential of nanomedicine in targeting mitochondrial metabolism, offering insights for developing more effective cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lin
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Ye Lu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiarong Zheng
- Department of Dentistry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yunfan Lin
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li Cui
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China.
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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25
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Meng K, Liu Q, Qin Y, Qin W, Zhu Z, Sun L, Jiang M, Adu-Amankwaah J, Gao F, Tan R, Yuan J. Mechanism of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder in male infertility. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024:00029330-990000000-01098. [PMID: 38855875 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Male infertility has become a global concern, accounting for 20-70% of infertility. Dysfunctional spermatogenesis is the most common cause of male infertility; thus, treating abnormal spermatogenesis may improve male infertility and has attracted the attention of the medical community. Mitochondria are essential organelles that maintain cell homeostasis and normal physiological functions in various ways, such as mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Mitochondrial OXPHOS transmits electrons through the respiratory chain, synthesizes adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and produces reactive oxygen species (ROS). These mechanisms are vital for spermatogenesis, especially to maintain the normal function of testicular Sertoli cells and germ cells. The disruption of mitochondrial OXPHOS caused by external factors can result in inadequate cellular energy supply, oxidative stress, apoptosis, or ferroptosis, all inhibiting spermatogenesis and damaging the male reproductive system, leading to male infertility. This article summarizes the latest pathological mechanism of mitochondrial OXPHOS disorder in testicular Sertoli cells and germ cells, which disrupts spermatogenesis and results in male infertility. In addition, we also briefly outline the current treatment of spermatogenic malfunction caused by mitochondrial OXPHOS disorders. However, relevant treatments have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, targeting mitochondrial OXPHOS disorders in Sertoli cells and germ cells is a research direction worthy of attention. We believe this review will provide new and more accurate ideas for treating male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Meng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
- Lin He's Academician Workstation of New Medicine and Clinical Translation, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Basic Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Yiding Qin
- College of Basic Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Wenjie Qin
- College of Second Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Ziming Zhu
- College of Second Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Longlong Sun
- College of Second Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Mingchao Jiang
- College of Second Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Joseph Adu-Amankwaah
- College of Basic Medical, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Zhejiang 221004, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
- Lin He's Academician Workstation of New Medicine and Clinical Translation, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Rubin Tan
- College of Basic Medical, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Zhejiang 221004, China
| | - Jinxiang Yuan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
- Lin He's Academician Workstation of New Medicine and Clinical Translation, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
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26
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Gardner JJ, Cushen SC, Oliveira da Silva RDN, Bradshaw JL, Hula N, Gorham IK, Tucker SM, Zhou Z, Cunningham RL, Phillips NR, Goulopoulou S. Oxidative stress induces release of mitochondrial DNA into the extracellular space in human placental villous trophoblast BeWo cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1776-C1788. [PMID: 38738304 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00091.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) is an indicator of cell death, inflammation, and oxidative stress. ccf-mtDNA in pregnancies with placental dysfunction differs from that in healthy pregnancies, and the direction of this difference depends on gestational age and method of mtDNA quantification. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) trigger release of mtDNA, yet it is unknown whether trophoblast cells release mtDNA in response to oxidative stress, a common feature of pregnancies with placental pathology. We hypothesized that oxidative stress would induce cell death and release of mtDNA from trophoblast cells. BeWo cells were treated with antimycin A (10-320 µM) or rotenone (0.2-50 µM) to induce oxidative stress. A multiplex real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was used to quantify mtDNA and nuclear DNA in membrane-bound, non-membrane-bound, and vesicle-bound forms in cell culture supernatants and cell lysates. Treatment with antimycin A increased ROS (P < 0.0001), induced cell necrosis (P = 0.0004) but not apoptosis (P = 0.6471), and was positively associated with release of membrane-bound and non-membrane-bound mtDNA (P < 0.0001). Antimycin A increased mtDNA content in exosome-like extracellular vesicles (vesicle-bound form; P = 0.0019) and reduced autophagy marker expression (LC3A/B, P = 0.0002; p62, P < 0.001). Rotenone treatment did not influence mtDNA release or cell death (P > 0.05). Oxidative stress induces release of mtDNA into the extracellular space and causes nonapoptotic cell death and a reduction in autophagy markers in BeWo cells, an established in vitro model of human trophoblast cells. Intersection between autophagy and necrosis may mediate the release of mtDNA from the placenta in pregnancies exposed to oxidative stress.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to test whether trophoblast cells release mitochondrial (mt)DNA in response to oxidative stress and to identify mechanisms of release and biological forms of mtDNA from this cellular type. This research identifies potential cellular mechanisms that can be used in future investigations to establish the source and biomarker potential of circulating mtDNA in preclinical experimental models and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J Gardner
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Spencer C Cushen
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Reneé de Nazaré Oliveira da Silva
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Departments of Basic Sciences, Gynecology, and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States
| | - Jessica L Bradshaw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Nataliia Hula
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Departments of Basic Sciences, Gynecology, and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States
| | - Isabelle K Gorham
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Selina M Tucker
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Zhengyang Zhou
- Department of Population & Community Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Rebecca L Cunningham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Nicole R Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Styliani Goulopoulou
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Departments of Basic Sciences, Gynecology, and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, United States
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27
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Upadhyay A, Pal D, Gupta PK, Kumar A. Antimicrobial therapeutic protein extraction from fruit waste and recent trends in their utilization against infections. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024:10.1007/s00449-024-03037-w. [PMID: 38822156 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03037-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Fruits are a very good source of various nutrients that can boost overall human health. In these days, the recovery of therapeutic compounds from different fruit wastes is trending in research, which might not only minimize the waste problem but also encounter a higher demand for various enzymes that could have antimicrobial properties against infectious diseases. The goal of this review is to focus on the recovery of therapeutic enzymes from fruit wastes and its present-day tendency for utilization. Here we discussed different parts of fruit waste, such as pulp, pomace, seed, kernel, peel, etc., that produce therapeutic enzymes like amylase, cellulose, lipase, laccase, pectinase, etc. These bioactive enzymes are present in different parts of fruit and could be used as therapeutics against various infectious diseases. This article provides a thorough knowledge compilation of therapeutic enzyme isolation from fruit waste on a single platform, distinctly informative, and significant review work on the topic that is envisioned to encourage further research ideas in these areas that are still under-explored. This paper explains the various aspects of enzyme isolation from fruit and vegetable waste and their biotherapeutic potential that could provide new insights into the development of biotherapeutics and attract the attention of researchers to enhance translational research magnitude further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492010, India
| | - Dharm Pal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492010, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Gupta
- Department of Kaumarabhritya, All India Institute of Ayurveda, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, 110076, India.
| | - Awanish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492010, India.
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28
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Blagov AV, Summerhill VI, Sukhorukov VN, Zhigmitova EB, Postnov AY, Orekhov AN. Potential use of antioxidants for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1378335. [PMID: 38818374 PMCID: PMC11137403 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1378335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The excessive production of various reactive oxidant species over endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms leads to the development of a state of oxidative stress, with serious biological consequences. The consequences of oxidative stress depend on the balance between the generation of reactive oxidant species and the antioxidant defense and include oxidative damage of biomolecules, disruption of signal transduction, mutation, and cell apoptosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress is involved in the physiopathology of various debilitating illnesses associated with chronic inflammation, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, or neurodegenerative processes, that need continuous pharmacological treatment. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are tightly linked pathophysiological processes, one of which can be simply promoted by another. Although, many antioxidant trials have been unsuccessful (some of the trials showed either no effect or even harmful effects) in human patients as a preventive or curative measure, targeting oxidative stress remains an interesting therapeutic approach for the development of new agents to design novel anti-inflammatory drugs with a reliable safety profile. In this regard, several natural antioxidant compounds were explored as potential therapeutic options for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. Several metalloenzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, are among the essential enzymes that maintain the low nanomolar physiological concentrations of superoxide (O2•-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the major redox signaling molecules, and thus play important roles in the alteration of the redox homeostasis. These enzymes have become a striking source of motivation to design catalytic drugs to enhance the action of these enzymes under pathological conditions related to chronic inflammation. This review is focused on several major representatives of natural and synthetic antioxidants as potential drug candidates for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vasily N. Sukhorukov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery (FSBSI “Petrovsky NRCS”), Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Anton Y. Postnov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery (FSBSI “Petrovsky NRCS”), Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery (FSBSI “Petrovsky NRCS”), Moscow, Russia
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29
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Zhuo S, Song S, Wang C, Wang Z, Zhang M, Lin D, Chen K. Inflammatory corpuscle AIM2 facilitates macrophage foam cell formation by inhibiting cholesterol efflux protein ABCA1. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10782. [PMID: 38734775 PMCID: PMC11088673 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61495-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory corpuscle recombinant absents in melanoma 2 (AIM2) and cholesterol efflux protein ATP binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA1) have been reported to play opposing roles in atherosclerosis (AS) plaques. However, the relationship between AIM2 and ABCA1 remains unclear. In this study, we explored the potential connection between AIM2 and ABCA1 in the modulation of AS by bioinformatic analysis combined with in vitro experiments. The GEO database was used to obtain AS transcriptional profiling data; screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and construct a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to obtain AS-related modules. Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was used to induce macrophage modelling in THP-1 cells, and ox-LDL was used to induce macrophage foam cell formation. The experiment was divided into Negative Control (NC) group, Model Control (MC) group, AIM2 overexpression + ox-LDL (OE AIM2 + ox-LDL) group, and AIM2 short hairpin RNA + ox-LDL (sh AIM2 + ox-LDL) group. The intracellular cholesterol efflux rate was detected by scintillation counting; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect intracellular cholesterol levels; apoptosis levels were detected by TUNEL kit; levels of inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-18, ROS, and GSH) were detected by ELISA kits; and levels of AIM2 and ABCA1 proteins were detected by Western blot. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the turquoise module correlated most strongly with AS, and AIM2 and ABCA1 were co-expressed in the turquoise module with a trend towards negative correlation. In vitro experiments demonstrated that AIM2 inhibited macrophage cholesterol efflux, resulting in increased intracellular cholesterol levels and foam cell formation. Moreover, AIM2 had a synergistic effect with ox-LDL, exacerbating macrophage oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Silencing AIM2 ameliorated the above conditions. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of AIM2 and ABCA1 were consistent with the bioinformatic analysis, showing a negative correlation. AIM2 inhibits ABCA1 expression, causing abnormal cholesterol metabolism in macrophages and ultimately leading to foam cell formation. Inhibiting AIM2 may reverse this process. Overall, our study suggests that AIM2 is a reliable anti-inflammatory therapeutic target for AS. Inhibiting AIM2 expression may reduce foam cell formation and, consequently, inhibit the progression of AS plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujiang Zhuo
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haikou, China
| | - Sufei Song
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haikou, China
| | - Chaoyi Wang
- Department of Data Science, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haikou, China
| | - Daobin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haikou, China.
| | - Kaili Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haikou, China.
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30
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Tu Z, Yang J, Fan C. The role of different nutrients in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1393378. [PMID: 38799425 PMCID: PMC11116626 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1393378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular health is a hot topic around the world, and as the incidence of cardiovascular disease increases each year, people are increasingly focusing on the management of their heart health. Dietary and lifestyle changes as non-pharmacological treatments have been increasingly recognized as important in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and in reducing the risk of cardiovascular accidents. Awareness of different nutrients and their effects on cardiovascular health is important for establishing a good dietary pattern. This review summarizes the effects of the five major nutrients in the daily diet, namely carbohydrates, proteins, dietary fats, vitamins, and minerals, on cardiovascular health, and aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of a healthy dietary pattern on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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31
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Guo S, Li Z, Liu Y, Cheng Y, Jia D. Ferroptosis: a new target for hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury? Free Radic Res 2024; 58:396-416. [PMID: 39068663 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2024.2386075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) can seriously affect graft survival and prognosis and is an unavoidable event during liver transplantation. Ferroptosis is a novel iron-dependent form of cell death characterized by iron accumulation and overwhelming lipid peroxidation; it differs morphologically, genetically, and biochemically from other well-known cell death types (autophagy, necrosis, and apoptosis). Accumulating evidence has shown that ferroptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic IRI, and targeting ferroptosis may be a promising therapeutic approach. Here, we review the pathways and phenomena involved in ferroptosis, explore the associations and implications of ferroptosis and hepatic IRI, and discuss possible strategies for modulating ferroptosis to alleviate the hepatic IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Guo
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zexin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Department of Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Degong Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Rhodes EM, Yap KN, Mesquita PHC, Parry HA, Kavazis AN, Krause JS, Hill GE, Hood WR. Flexibility underlies differences in mitochondrial respiratory performance between migratory and non-migratory White-crowned Sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys). Sci Rep 2024; 14:9456. [PMID: 38658588 PMCID: PMC11043447 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59715-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Migration is one of the most energy-demanding behaviors observed in birds. Mitochondria are the primary source of energy used to support these long-distance movements, yet how mitochondria meet the energetic demands of migration is scarcely studied. We quantified changes in mitochondrial respiratory performance in the White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys), which has a migratory and non-migratory subspecies. We hypothesized that the long-distance migratory Gambel's subspecies (Z. l. gambelii) would show higher mitochondrial respiratory performance compared to the non-migratory Nuttall's subspecies (Z. l. nuttalli). We sampled Gambel's individuals during spring pre-migration, active fall migration, and a period with no migration or breeding (winter). We sampled Nuttall's individuals during periods coinciding with fall migration and the winter period of Gambel's annual cycle. Overall, Gambel's individuals had higher citrate synthase, a proxy for mitochondrial volume, than Nuttall's individuals. This was most pronounced prior to and during migration. We found that both OXPHOS capacity (state 3) and basal respiration (state 4) of mitochondria exhibit high seasonal flexibility within Gambel's individuals, with values highest during active migration. These values in Nuttall's individuals were most similar to Gambel's individuals in winter. Our observations indicate that seasonal changes in mitochondrial respiration play a vital role in migration energetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Rhodes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, USA.
| | - Kang Nian Yap
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, USA
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Paulo H C Mesquita
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, USA
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Hailey A Parry
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | | | | | - Geoffrey E Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, USA
| | - Wendy R Hood
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, USA
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Hejnova L, Hronova A, Drastichova Z, Novotny J. Long-term administration of morphine specifically alters the level of protein expression in different brain regions and affects the redox state. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220858. [PMID: 38681734 PMCID: PMC11049758 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated the changes in redox state and protein expression in selected parts of the rat brain induced by a 4 week administration of morphine (10 mg/kg/day). We found a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation that mostly persisted for 1 week after morphine withdrawal. Morphine treatment led to a significant increase in complex II in the cerebral cortex (Crt), which was accompanied by increased protein carbonylation, in contrast to the other brain regions studied. Glutathione levels were altered differently in the different brain regions after morphine treatment. Using label-free quantitative proteomic analysis, we found some specific changes in protein expression profiles in the Crt, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum on the day after morphine withdrawal and 1 week later. A common feature was the upregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins and dysregulation of the extracellular matrix. Our results indicate that the tested protocol of morphine administration has no significant toxic effect on the rat brain. On the contrary, it led to a decrease in lipid peroxidation and activation of anti-apoptotic proteins. Furthermore, our data suggest that long-term treatment with morphine acts specifically on different brain regions and that a 1 week drug withdrawal is not sufficient to normalize cellular redox state and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Hejnova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Hronova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Drastichova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Novotny
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Ding XY, Zhang H, Qiu YM, Xie MD, Wang H, Xiong ZY, Li TT, He CN, Dong W, Tang XL. Cardioprotective Potential of Cymbopogon citratus Essential Oil against Isoproterenol-induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy: Possible Involvement of NLRP3 Inflammasome and Oxidative Phosphorylation Complex Subunits. Curr Med Sci 2024; 44:450-461. [PMID: 38639827 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-024-2851-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf is a medicinal and edible herb that is widely used for the treatment of gastric, nervous and hypertensive disorders. In this study, we investigated the cardioprotective effects and mechanisms of the essential oil, the main active ingredient of Cymbopogon citratus, on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. METHODS The compositions of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil (CCEO) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Cardiomyocytes were pretreated with 16.9 µg/L CCEO for 1 h followed by 10 µmol/L ISO for 24 h. Cardiac hypertrophy-related indicators and NLRP3 inflammasome expression were evaluated. Subsequently, transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and target verification were used to further explore the underlying mechanism. RESULTS Our results showed that the CCEO mainly included citronellal (45.66%), geraniol (23.32%), and citronellol (10.37%). CCEO inhibited ISO-induced increases in cell surface area and protein content, as well as the upregulation of fetal gene expression. Moreover, CCEO inhibited ISO-induced NLRP3 inflammasome expression, as evidenced by decreased lactate dehydrogenase content and downregulated mRNA levels of NLRP3, ASC, CASP1, GSDMD, and IL-1β, as well as reduced protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, pro-caspase-1, caspase-1 (p20), GSDMD-FL, GSDMD-N, and pro-IL-1β. The RNA-seq results showed that CCEO inhibited the increase in the mRNA levels of 26 oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits in ISO-treated cardiomyocytes. Our further experiments confirmed that CCEO suppressed ISO-induced upregulation of mt-Nd1, Sdhd, mt-Cytb, Uqcrq, and mt-Atp6 but had no obvious effects on mt-Col expression. CONCLUSION CCEO inhibits ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome expression and the regulation of several oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yun Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Yu-Mei Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Meng-Die Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Hu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Chun-Ni He
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Xi-Lan Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, Nanchang, 330013, China.
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Vaurs M, Dolu EB, Decottignies A. Mitochondria and telomeres: hand in glove. Biogerontology 2024; 25:289-300. [PMID: 37864609 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Born as an endosymbiont, the bacteria engulfed by the proto-eukaryotic cell more than 1.45 billion years ago progressively evolved as an important organelle with multiple interactions with the host cell. In particular, strong connections between mitochondria and the chromosome ends, the telomeres, led to propose a new theory of ageing in which dysfunctional telomeres and mitochondria are the main actors of a vicious circle reducing cell fitness and promoting cellular ageing. We review the evidences that oxidative stress and dysfunctional mitochondria damage telomeres and further discuss the interrelationship between telomere biology and mitochondria through the lens of telomerase which shuttles between the nucleus and mitochondria. Finally, we elaborate on the possible role of the mitochondrial genome on the inheritance of human telomere length through the expression of mitochondrial gene variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélina Vaurs
- de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Elif Beyza Dolu
- de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
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Mone P, Agyapong ED, Morciano G, Jankauskas SS, De Luca A, Varzideh F, Pinton P, Santulli G. Dysfunctional mitochondria elicit bioenergetic decline in the aged heart. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2024; 4:13. [PMID: 39015481 PMCID: PMC11250775 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2023.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Aging represents a complex biological progression affecting the entire body, marked by a gradual decline in tissue function, rendering organs more susceptible to stress and diseases. The human heart holds significant importance in this context, as its aging process poses life-threatening risks. It entails macroscopic morphological shifts and biochemical changes that collectively contribute to diminished cardiac function. Among the numerous pivotal factors in aging, mitochondria play a critical role, intersecting with various molecular pathways and housing several aging-related agents. In this comprehensive review, we provide an updated overview of the functional role of mitochondria in cardiac aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
| | - Esther Densu Agyapong
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Morciano
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola 48033, Italy
| | - Stanislovas S. Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Vanvitelli University, Naples 80100, Italy
| | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola 48033, Italy
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, “Federico II” University, International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME) Consortium, Academic Research Unit, Naples 80131, Italy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
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Grover P, Singh AK, Kumar A, Honparkhe M, Singh N, Singh P. Effect of exogenous melatonin implant on post-thaw semen quality of buffalo bulls. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14562. [PMID: 38591843 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin is an intracellular antioxidant of sperm membrane that protects the cells from lipid peroxidation. Yet, its role as an antioxidant on semen quality of buffalo bulls is still obscure. The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of exogenous melatonin implant (18 mg/50 kg bodyweight) on post-thaw sperm characteristics, oxidative stress, endocrinological profiles and fertility of buffalo bulls. Six apparently healthy breeding Murrah buffalo bulls were randomly selected at bull farm, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University for the present study and divided into two groups viz. control (n = 3) and melatonin implanted group (n = 3). A total of 120 ejaculates were collected from bulls of both groups (n = 60 each) throughout the study period. Most beneficial effects of melatonin implants were observed during post-implantation period. The percentages of post-thaw sperm total and progressive motility, viability and mitochondrial membrane potential were higher (p < .05) in melatonin implanted buffalo bulls compared to controls during post-implantation period. Following melatonin implantation, MDA production in post-thaw semen was lower (p < .05) in melatonin implanted group than in control group. Plasma melatonin and testosterone concentrations were higher (p < .05) in buffalo bulls implanted with melatonin as compared to their control counterparts. No differences (p > .05) in plasma LH concentrations were observed in both groups. First service pregnancy rate was 43.3% using semen of melatonin implanted bulls and 30.0% with semen of controls (p > .05). Thus, melatonin was able to protect sperm membrane against oxidative damage and improve post-thaw semen quality, thereby resulting in higher fertilizing potential of spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Grover
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar Singh
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Ajeet Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Mrigank Honparkhe
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Navdeep Singh
- Directorate of Livestock Farms, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Prahlad Singh
- Department of Teaching Veterinary Clinical Services Complex, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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38
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Piao MJ, Kang KA, Fernando PDSM, Herath HMUL, Koh YS, Kang HK, Choi YH, Hyun JW. Protective Effect of Fermented Sea Tangle Extract on Skin Cell Damage Caused by Particulate Matter. Int J Med Sci 2024; 21:937-948. [PMID: 38617009 PMCID: PMC11008479 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.93034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin is directly exposed to atmospheric pollutants, especially particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) in the air, which poses significant harm to skin health. However, limited research has been performed to identify molecules that can confer resistance to such substances. Herein, we analyzed the effect of fermented sea tangle (FST) extract on PM2.5-induced human HaCaT keratinocyte damage. Results showed that FST extract, at concentrations less than 800 μg/mL, exhibited non-significant toxicity to cells and concentration-dependent inhibition of PM2.5-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. PM2.5 induced oxidative stress by stimulating ROS, resulting in DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation, which were inhibited by the FST extract. FST extract significantly suppressed the increase in calcium level and apoptosis caused by PM2.5 treatment and significantly restored the reduced cell viability. Mitochondrial membrane depolarization occurred due to PM2.5 treatment, however, FST extract recovered mitochondrial membrane polarization. PM2.5 inhibited the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and induced the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bim, the apoptosis initiator caspase-9, as well as the executor caspase-3, however, FST extract effectively protected the changes in the levels of these proteins caused by PM2.5. Interestingly, pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK treatment enhanced the anti-apoptotic effect of FST extract in PM2.5-treated cells. Our results indicate that FST extract prevents PM2.5-induced cell damage via inhibition of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in human keratinocytes. Accordingly, FST extract could be included in skin care products to protect cells against the harmful effects of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Jing Piao
- College of Medicine, and Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Ah Kang
- College of Medicine, and Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Young Sang Koh
- College of Medicine, and Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Kyoung Kang
- College of Medicine, and Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- College of Oriental Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- College of Medicine, and Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
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Daneshmandi S, Choi JE, Yan Q, MacDonald CR, Pandey M, Goruganthu M, Roberts N, Singh PK, Higashi RM, Lane AN, Fan TWM, Wang J, McCarthy PL, Repasky EA, Mohammadpour H. Myeloid-derived suppressor cell mitochondrial fitness governs chemotherapeutic efficacy in hematologic malignancies. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2803. [PMID: 38555305 PMCID: PMC10981707 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47096-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are key regulators of immune responses and correlate with poor outcomes in hematologic malignancies. Here, we identify that MDSC mitochondrial fitness controls the efficacy of doxorubicin chemotherapy in a preclinical lymphoma model. Mechanistically, we show that triggering STAT3 signaling via β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) activation leads to improved MDSC function through metabolic reprograming, marked by sustained mitochondrial respiration and higher ATP generation which reduces AMPK signaling, altering energy metabolism. Furthermore, induced STAT3 signaling in MDSCs enhances glutamine consumption via the TCA cycle. Metabolized glutamine generates itaconate which downregulates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species via regulation of Nrf2 and the oxidative stress response, enhancing MDSC survival. Using β2-AR blockade, we target the STAT3 pathway and ATP and itaconate metabolism, disrupting ATP generation by the electron transport chain and decreasing itaconate generation causing diminished MDSC mitochondrial fitness. This disruption increases the response to doxorubicin and could be tested clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Daneshmandi
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jee Eun Choi
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qi Yan
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cameron R MacDonald
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manu Pandey
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mounika Goruganthu
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nathan Roberts
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
| | - Prashant K Singh
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard M Higashi
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Markey Cancer Center, Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Markey Cancer Center, Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Teresa W-M Fan
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Markey Cancer Center, Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
| | - Philip L McCarthy
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Repasky
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hemn Mohammadpour
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, NY, USA.
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Parvaresh H, Paczek K, Al-Bari MAA, Eid N. Mechanistic insights into fasting-induced autophagy in the aging heart. World J Cardiol 2024; 16:109-117. [PMID: 38576517 PMCID: PMC10989221 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v16.i3.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a prosurvival mechanism for the clearance of accumulated abnormal proteins, damaged organelles, and excessive lipids within mammalian cells. A growing body of data indicates that autophagy is reduced in aging cells. This reduction leads to various diseases, such as myocardial hypertrophy, infarction, and atherosclerosis. Recent studies in animal models of an aging heart showed that fasting-induced autophagy improved cardiac function and longevity. This improvement is related to autophagic clearance of damaged cellular components via either bulk or selective autophagy (such as mitophagy). In this editorial, we summarize the mechanisms of autophagy in normal and aging hearts. In addition, the protective effect of fasting-induced autophagy in cardiac aging has been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannaneh Parvaresh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | - Katarzyna Paczek
- Department of Chiropractic, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | | | - Nabil Eid
- Department of Anatomy, Division of Human Biology, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
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Pinheiro CV, Ribeiro RT, Roginski AC, Brondani M, Zemniaçak ÂB, Hoffmann CIH, Amaral AU, Wajner M, Baldo G, Leipnitz G. Disturbances in mitochondrial bioenergetics and control quality and unbalanced redox homeostasis in the liver of a mouse model of mucopolysaccharidosis type II. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04952-y. [PMID: 38498105 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04952-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II; Hunter syndrome) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the enzyme iduronate 2-sulfatase (IDS) and biochemically characterized by the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in different tissues. It is a multisystemic disorder that presents liver abnormalities, the pathophysiology of which is not yet established. In the present study, we evaluated bioenergetics, redox homeostasis, and mitochondrial dynamics in the liver of 6-month-old MPS II mice (IDS-). Our findings show a decrease in the activity of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and an increase in the activities of succinate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase. The activity of mitochondrial complex I was also increased whereas the other complex activities were not affected. In contrast, mitochondrial respiration, membrane potential, ATP production, and calcium retention capacity were not altered. Furthermore, malondialdehyde levels and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein oxidation were increased in the liver of MPS II mice, indicating lipid peroxidation and increased ROS levels, respectively. Sulfhydryl and reduced glutathione levels, as well as glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities were also increased. Finally, the levels of proteins involved in mitochondrial mass and dynamics were decreased in knockout mice liver. Taken together, these data suggest that alterations in energy metabolism, redox homeostasis, and mitochondrial dynamics can be involved in the pathophysiology of liver abnormalities observed in MPS II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Vieira Pinheiro
- Postgraduation Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Rafael Teixeira Ribeiro
- Postgraduation Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Roginski
- Postgraduation Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Morgana Brondani
- Postgraduation Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Ângela Beatris Zemniaçak
- Postgraduation Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Chrístofer Ian Hernandez Hoffmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- Postgraduation Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
- Postgraduation Program in Integral Health Care, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, 99709-910, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Postgraduation Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Baldo
- Postgraduation Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil
- Gene Therapy Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- Postgraduation Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil.
- Postgraduation Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
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Liu D, Zhou X, He Y, Zhao J. The Roles of CircRNAs in Mitochondria. J Cancer 2024; 15:2759-2769. [PMID: 38577612 PMCID: PMC10988319 DOI: 10.7150/jca.92111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria participate in varieties of cellular events. It is widely accepted that human mitochondrial genome encodes 13 proteins, 2 rRNAs, and 22 tRNAs. Gene variation derived from human nuclear genome cannot completely explain mitochondrial diseases. The advent of high-throughput sequencing coupled with novel bioinformatic analyses decode the complexity of mitochondria-derived transcripts. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) from both human mitochondrial genome and nuclear genome have been found to be located at mitochondria. Studies about the roles and molecular mechanisms underlying trafficking of the nucleus encoded circRNAs to mitochondria and mitochondria encoded circRNAs to the nucleus or cytoplasm in mammals are only beginning to emerge. These circRNAs have been associated with a variety of diseases, especially cancers. Here, we discuss the emerging field of mitochondria-located circRNAs by reviewing their identification, expression patterns, regulatory roles, and functional mechanisms. Mitochondria-located circRNAs have regulatory roles in cellular physiology and pathology. We also highlight future perspectives and challenges in studying mitochondria-located circRNAs, as well as their potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghong Liu
- Department of Special Medical Care, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yida He
- Department of Epidemiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Special Medical Care, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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Vesala L, Basikhina Y, Tuomela T, Nurminen A, Siukola E, Vale PF, Salminen TS. Mitochondrial perturbation in immune cells enhances cell-mediated innate immunity in Drosophila. BMC Biol 2024; 22:60. [PMID: 38475850 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01858-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria participate in various cellular processes including energy metabolism, apoptosis, autophagy, production of reactive oxygen species, stress responses, inflammation and immunity. However, the role of mitochondrial metabolism in immune cells and tissues shaping the innate immune responses are not yet fully understood. We investigated the effects of tissue-specific mitochondrial perturbation on the immune responses at the organismal level. Genes for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes cI-cV were knocked down in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, targeting the two main immune tissues, the fat body and the immune cells (hemocytes). RESULTS While OXPHOS perturbation in the fat body was detrimental, hemocyte-specific perturbation led to an enhanced immunocompetence. This was accompanied by the formation of melanized hemocyte aggregates (melanotic nodules), a sign of activation of cell-mediated innate immunity. Furthermore, the hemocyte-specific OXPHOS perturbation induced immune activation of hemocytes, resulting in an infection-like hemocyte profile and an enhanced immune response against parasitoid wasp infection. In addition, OXPHOS perturbation in hemocytes resulted in mitochondrial membrane depolarization and upregulation of genes associated with the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we show that while the effects of mitochondrial perturbation on immune responses are highly tissue-specific, mild mitochondrial dysfunction can be beneficial in immune-challenged individuals and contributes to variation in infection outcomes among individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vesala
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Yuliya Basikhina
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tea Tuomela
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anssi Nurminen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Emilia Siukola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pedro F Vale
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tiina S Salminen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
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Liu B, Yuan M, Yang M, Zhu H, Zhang W. The Effect of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Neuropsychiatric Functions. High Alt Med Biol 2024; 25:26-41. [PMID: 37815821 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2022.0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Liu, Bo, Minlan Yuan, Mei Yang, Hongru Zhu, and Wei Zhang. The effect of high-altitude hypoxia on neuropsychiatric functions. High Alt Med Biol. 25:26-41, 2024. Background: In recent years, there has been a growing popularity in engaging in activities at high altitudes, such as hiking and work. However, these high-altitude environments pose risks of hypoxia, which can lead to various acute or chronic cerebral diseases. These conditions include common neurological diseases such as acute mountain sickness (AMS), high-altitude cerebral edema, and altitude-related cerebrovascular diseases, as well as psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, and psychosis. However, reviews of altitude-related neuropsychiatric conditions and their potential mechanisms are rare. Methods: We conducted searches on PubMed and Google Scholar, exploring existing literature encompassing preclinical and clinical studies. Our aim was to summarize the prevalent neuropsychiatric diseases induced by altitude hypoxia, the potential pathophysiological mechanisms, as well as the available pharmacological and nonpharmacological strategies for prevention and intervention. Results: The development of altitude-related cerebral diseases may arise from various pathogenic processes, including neurovascular alterations associated with hypoxia, cytotoxic responses, activation of reactive oxygen species, and dysregulation of the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2. Furthermore, the interplay between hypoxia-induced neurological and psychiatric changes is believed to play a role in the progression of brain damage. Conclusions: While there is some evidence pointing to pathophysiological changes in hypoxia-induced brain damage, the precise mechanisms responsible for neuropsychiatric alterations remain elusive. Currently, the range of prevention and intervention strategies available is primarily focused on addressing AMS, with a preference for prevention rather than treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, China
| | - Minlan Yuan
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Hongru Zhu
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Gurubaran IS. Mitochondrial damage and clearance in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Acta Ophthalmol 2024; 102 Suppl 282:3-53. [PMID: 38467968 DOI: 10.1111/aos.16661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a devastating eye disease that causes permanent vision loss in the central part of the retina, known as the macula. Patients with such severe visual loss face a reduced quality of life and are at a 1.5 times greater risk of death compared to the general population. Currently, there is no cure for or effective treatment for dry AMD. There are several mechanisms thought to underlie the disease, for example, ageing-associated chronic oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, harmful protein aggregation and inflammation. As a way of gaining a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind AMD and thus developing new therapies, we have created a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (PGC1α/NFE2L2) double-knockout (dKO) mouse model that mimics many of the clinical features of dry AMD, including elevated levels of oxidative stress markers, damaged mitochondria, accumulating lysosomal lipofuscin and extracellular drusen-like structures in retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). In addition, a human RPE cell-based model was established to examine the impact of non-functional intracellular clearance systems on inflammasome activation. In this study, we found that there was a disturbance in the autolysosomal machinery responsible for clearing mitochondria in the RPE cells of one-year-old PGC1α/NFE2L2-deficient mice. The confocal immunohistochemical analysis revealed an increase in autophagosome marker microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3B) as well as multiple mitophagy markers such as PTE-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and E3 ubiquitin ligase (PARKIN), along with signs of damaged mitochondria. However, no increase in autolysosome formation was detected, nor was there a colocalization of the lysosomal marker LAMP2 or the mitochondrial marker, ATP synthase β. There was an upregulation of late autolysosomal fusion Ras-related protein (Rab7) in the perinuclear space of RPE cells, together with autofluorescent aggregates. Additionally, we observed an increase in the numbers of Toll-like receptors 3 and 9, while those of NOD-like receptor 3 were decreased in PGC1α/NFE2L2 dKO retinal specimens compared to wild-type animals. There was a trend towards increased complement component C5a and increased involvement of the serine protease enzyme, thrombin, in enhancing the terminal pathway producing C5a, independent of C3. The levels of primary acute phase C-reactive protein and receptor for advanced glycation end products were also increased in the PGC1α/NFE2L2 dKO retina. Furthermore, selective proteasome inhibition with epoxomicin promoted both nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and mitochondrial-mediated oxidative stress, leading to the release of mitochondrial DNA to the cytosol, resulting in potassium efflux-dependent activation of the absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome and the subsequent secretion of interleukin-1β in ARPE-19 cells. In conclusion, the data suggest that there is at least a relative decrease in mitophagy, increases in the amounts of C5 and thrombin and decreased C3 levels in this dry AMD-like model. Moreover, selective proteasome inhibition evoked mitochondrial damage and AIM2 inflammasome activation in ARPE-19 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iswariyaraja Sridevi Gurubaran
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Medicine Unit, University of Eastern Finland Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kuopio, Northern Savonia, Finland
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Xiang Y, Song X, Long D. Ferroptosis regulation through Nrf2 and implications for neurodegenerative diseases. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:579-615. [PMID: 38265475 PMCID: PMC10861688 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03660-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the background knowledge of ferroptosis in the nervous system, as well as the key role of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in regulating ferroptosis. The article takes Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) as the starting point to explore the close association between Nrf2 and ferroptosis, which is of clear and significant importance for understanding the mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) based on oxidative stress (OS). Accumulating evidence links ferroptosis to the pathogenesis of NDs. As the disease progresses, damage to the antioxidant system, excessive OS, and altered Nrf2 expression levels, especially the inhibition of ferroptosis by lipid peroxidation inhibitors and adaptive enhancement of Nrf2 signaling, demonstrate the potential clinical significance of Nrf2 in detecting and identifying ferroptosis, as well as targeted therapy for neuronal loss and mitochondrial dysfunction. These findings provide new insights and possibilities for the treatment and prevention of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xiang
- School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Song
- School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingxin Long
- School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
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Li Y, Lv C, Li Z, Chen C, Cheng Y. Magnetic modulation of lysosomes for cancer therapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1947. [PMID: 38488191 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomes play a central role in biochemical signal transduction and oxidative stress in cells. Inducing lysosome membrane penetration (LMP) to cause lysosomal-dependent cell death (LCD) in tumor cells is an effective strategy for cancer therapy. Chemical drugs can destroy the stability of lysosomes by neutralizing protons within the lysosomes or enhancing the fragility of the lysosomal membranes. However, there remain several unsolved problems of traditional drugs in LMP induction due to insufficient lysosomal targeting, fast metabolism, and toxicity in normal cells. With the development of nanotechnology, magnetic nanoparticles have been demonstrated to target lysosomes naturally, providing a versatile tool for lysosomal modulation. Combined with excellent tissue penetration and spatiotemporal manipulability of magnetic fields, magnetic modulation of lysosomes progresses rapidly in inducing LMP and LCD for cancer therapy. This review comprehensively discussed the strategies of magnetic modulation of lysosomes for cancer therapy. The intrinsic mechanisms of LMP-induced LCD were first introduced. Then, the modulation of lysosomes by diverse physical outputs of magnetic fields was emphatically discussed. Looking forward, this review will shed the light on the prospect of magnetic modulation of lysosomes, inspiring future research of magnetic modulation strategy in cancer therapy. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingze Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenguang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Moorthy R, Bhattamisra SK, Pandey M, Mayuren J, Kow CS, Candasamy M. Mitochondria and diabetes: insights and potential therapies. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2024; 19:141-154. [PMID: 38347803 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2024.2307526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes (T2D) presents significant global health and economic challenges, contributing to complications such as stroke, cardiovascular disease, kidney dysfunction, and cancer. The current review explores the crucial role of mitochondria, essential for fuel metabolism, in diabetes-related processes. AREAS COVERED Mitochondrial deficits impact insulin-resistant skeletal muscles, adipose tissue, liver, and pancreatic β-cells, affecting glucose and lipid balance. Exercise emerges as a key factor in enhancing mitochondrial function, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Additionally, the therapeutic potential of mitochondrial uncoupling, which generates heat instead of ATP, is discussed. We explore the intricate link between mitochondrial function and diabetes, investigating genetic interventions to mitigate diabetes-related complications. We also cover the impact of insulin deficiency on mitochondrial function, the role of exercise in addressing mitochondrial defects in insulin resistance, and the potential of mitochondrial uncoupling. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis of Mitochondrial Replacement Therapies (MRT) techniques is presented. EXPERT OPINION MRTs hold promise in preventing the transmission of mitochondrial disease. However, addressing ethical, regulatory, and technical considerations is crucial. Integrating mitochondrial-based treatments requires a careful balance between innovation and safety. Ethical dimensions and regulatory aspects of MRT are examined, emphasizing collaborative efforts for the responsible advancement of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renupiriya Moorthy
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacology, GITAM School of Pharmacy, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Manish Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, India
| | - Jayashree Mayuren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chia Siang Kow
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mayuren Candasamy
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mani V, Dash I, Chandrashekar S, Natarajan M. β-caryophyllene attenuates oxidative stress and hepatocellular mitochondrial dysfunction in type-2 diabetic rats induced with high fat and fructose diets. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2024; 18:7-16. [PMID: 38455602 PMCID: PMC10915910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and systemic resistance to insulin are typical manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus. One of the main pathophysiological alterations in insulin-sensitive organs is mitochondrial malfunction associated with oxidative stress and diminished fuel utilization. β-Caryophyllene (BCP) has qualities that are anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic. In this work, rats suffering from type 2 diabetes were given a diet high in fat and sugar with the aim of examining the ameliorative effects of BCP on oxidative stress-mediated hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction. Methods The diabetic condition was experimentally induced by feeding rats a high-calorie diet. The rats were then administered the recommended doses of BCP and metformin (MET) once every day for 30 days at 200 mg and 50 mg concentrations per kg of body weight, respectively, to prove the hypothesis of the study that BCP ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction induced by oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Mitochondrial dysfunction can be identified by indicators such as oxidative stress, cardiolipin dienes, membrane phospholipid concentration, and mitochondrial enzymes. Results The mitochondria in the liver of rats with diabetes exhibit elevated redox imbalance-related parameters and malfunctioning mitochondria with peroxided cardiolipin, while their amounts of glutathione and phospholipids are lowered. Oxidative stress indices, ameliorated mitochondrial activities, and peroxided cardiolipin were drastically decreased in rats with diabetes treated with BCP or MET. Conclusions The present research demonstrated that BCP improved the vital role of mitochondria by reducing free radical dominance in type 2 diabetic experimental rats fed high-fat and high-sugar diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadivel Mani
- Department of Biochemistry, Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation, Amalapuram, Anadhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ipsita Dash
- Department of Biochemistry, S.L.N Medical College Hospital, Koraput, Odisha, India
| | | | - Muninathan Natarajan
- Department of Research, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sahu P, Camarillo IG, Sundararajan R. Efficacy of metformin and electrical pulses in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2024; 5:54-73. [PMID: 38464382 PMCID: PMC10918234 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2024.00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a very aggressive subset of breast cancer, with limited treatment options, due to the lack of three commonly targeted receptors, which merits the need for novel treatments for TNBC. Towards this need, the use of metformin (Met), the most widely used type-2 diabetes drug worldwide, was explored as a repurposed anticancer agent. Cancer being a metabolic disease, the modulation of two crucial metabolites, glucose, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), is studied in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells, using Met in the presence of electrical pulses (EP) to enhance the drug efficacy. Methods MDA-MB-231, human TNBC cells were treated with Met in the presence of EP, with various concentrations Met of 1 mmol/L, 2.5 mmol/L, 5 mmol/L, and 10 mmol/L. EP of 500 V/cm, 800 V/cm, and 1,000 V/cm (with a pulse width of 100 µs at 1 s intervals) were applied to TNBC and the impact of these two treatments was studied. Various assays, including cell viability, microscopic inspection, glucose, ROS, and wound healing assay, were performed to characterize the response of the cells to the combination treatment. Results Combining 1,000 V/cm with 5 mmol/L Met yielded cell viability as low as 42.6% at 24 h. The glucose level was reduced by 5.60-fold and the ROS levels were increased by 9.56-fold compared to the control, leading to apoptotic cell death. Conclusions The results indicate the enhanced anticancer effect of Met in the presence of electric pulses. The cell growth is inhibited by suppressing glucose levels and elevated ROS. This shows a synergistic interplay between electroporation, Met, glucose, and ROS metabolic alterations. The results show promises for combinational therapy in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Sahu
- School of Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Ignacio G. Camarillo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Raji Sundararajan
- School of Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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