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Rahmatnejad E, Habibi H, Torshizi MAK, Seidavi A, Hosseinian A. Effects of the algae derivatives on performance, intestinal histomorphology, ileal microflora, and egg yolk biochemistry of laying Japanese quail. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103605. [PMID: 38471233 PMCID: PMC11067761 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We examined the effect of the Persian Gulf algae derivates, phycocyanin (PC) and fucoidan (FUC), on production performance, egg quality, intestinal histomorphology, ileal microflora, and egg yolk biochemistry of laying Japanese quail. A total of 250 six-wk-old Japanese quails with an average body weight of 215 ± 10 g were allocated to 5 treatments, 5 replicates and 10 birds in each replicate in a completely randomized design. The treatment groups received PC (from Spirulina platensis) and FUC (from brown seaweed) in their drinking water while control groups did not. Treatment groups received PC and FUC at 20 or 40 mg/L levels (denoted as PC20, PC40, FUC20, and FUC40, respectively). All birds were fed the same diet. All treatments significantly improved the percentage of hen day egg production (HDEP) (P = 0.002), egg mass (P = 0.002), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P = 0.022) but no difference was noted in egg weight (EW) and feed intake (FI). Different levels of PC and FUC significantly increased the thickness of eggshells (P = 0.022); however, the weight of the digestive tract (liver, spleen, proventriculus, gizzard, and pancreas) and oviduct was not affected. Algal derivates improved the villus height (P = 0.007) and crypt depth (P = 0.007) of the duodenum, as well as, the villus height (P = 0.005) and crypt depth (P = 0.026) of the jejunum. Both algal derivates positively affected the intestinal microflora (populations of Lactobacillus (P = 0.017), Coliform (P = 0.005), and Clostridium (P = 0.000)) whereas aerobic bacteria were unaffected. Yolk cholesterol P = 0.012) and yolk malondialdehyde P = 0.050) content were significantly reduced in experimental treatments compared to the control group. In conclusion, our results showed that the treatment of laying Japanese quails with algal derivates positively affects quail performance, intestinal morphology, intestinal microflora, and yolk cholesterol and malondialdehyde. Additional studies exploring optimal dosages and mechanisms of action is warranted to fully understand the scope of the algae derivates in poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enayat Rahmatnejad
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran
| | - Hassan Habibi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran.
| | | | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Hosseinian
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran
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Abo El-Ela FI, Gamal A, El-Banna HA, Ibrahim MA, El-Banna AH, Abdel-Razik ARH, Abdel-Wahab A, Hassan WH, Abdelghany AK. Repro-protective activity of amygdalin and spirulina platensis in niosomes and conventional forms against aluminum chloride-induced testicular challenge in adult rats: role of CYP11A1, StAR, and HSD-3B expressions. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3211-3226. [PMID: 37910183 PMCID: PMC11074051 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02788-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The male reproductive system is negatively influenced by Al exposure. Al represented a considerable hazard to men's reproduction capabilities. Amygdalin (AMG) and spirulina platensis (SP) have been considered to have a strong antioxidant and repro-protective activity; also, targeted drug delivery systems called niosomes improve the distribution of water-soluble medications like amygdalin and spirulina. Current study targeted to determine the effectiveness of AMG and SP against negative reproductive impact resulted by aluminum chloride (AlCl3) toxicity. Sixty adult male albino rats were separated into 6 groups, including the control group, which received distilled water; AlCl3 group, which received AlCl3; AMG+AlCl3 group, which received AlCl3+AMG; AMGLN+AlCl3 group, which received AlCl3+amygdalin-loaded niosomes; SP+AlCl3 group, which received AlCl3+SP; and SPLN+AlCl3 group, which received AlCl3+spirulina-loaded niosomes. All treatments were orally gavaged daily for 5 weeks, and rats were weighed weekly. At the termination of the experiment, some males (three from each group) were used for fertility traits via mating thirty virgin rat females (in a ratio of 1:2 and 2:3 male:female, respectively) followed by recording of birth weights and litter size (number of pups per each female) at birth to assess males' reproductive capability. Other males were euthanized for collection of serum, epididymal semen samples, and tissue samples for biochemical, sperm evaluation, gene expression, and histopathological measurements. There are a considerable number of negative impacts of AlCl3 on male fertility clarified by declined serum testosterone levels; an increased oxidative stress (MDA, TAC); deteriorated semen quality; down-regulation of CYP11A1, StAR, and HSD-3b gene expressions; and testicular tissue degenerative changes. In addition, litter size (number of pups per each female) and birth weights of pups obtained from mated females were affected. AMG and SP treatments, either in niosomal or conventional form, alleviated the AlCl3 negative effects by reducing oxidative stress; increasing testosterone levels; improving semen quality; upregulating of CYP11A1, StAR, and HSD-3b gene expressions; and reducing degenerative changes of testicular tissue. Besides, negative reproductive effect was diminished as observed by changes in the litter size (number of pups per each female) and birth weights of pups obtained from mated females. AMG and SP treatments (either in niosomal or conventional form), ameliorated the AlCl3 negative effects as they possess powerful antioxidant activity, as well as they have the ability to improve the reproductive activity of affected males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma I Abo El-Ela
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt.
| | - Amr Gamal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H El-Banna
- Michael Sayegh Faculty of Pharmacy, Aqaba University of Technology, Aqaba, Jordan
| | - Abdel-Razik H Abdel-Razik
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Walid Hamdy Hassan
- Department of Microbiology Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa K Abdelghany
- Animal and Poultry Management and Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
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Habibi H, Rahmatnejad E, Tohidifar SS, Afshar A, Kameli A, Jafari M, Mohammadi M. Improving performance, reproduction, and immunity in laying Japanese quail with algal derivatives. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103295. [PMID: 38064886 PMCID: PMC10757023 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the Persian Gulf algae derivatives, namely phycocyanin (PC) and fucoidan (FUC), on the performance, reproductive traits, and immune responses of laying Japanese quails. A completely randomized design was used to distribute 250 six-wk-old Japanese quails with an average body weight of 215 ± 10 g into 5 treatments, 5 replicates, and 10 birds in each replicate over a 5-wk period. Unlike the control groups, the treatment groups received drinking water supplemented with PC and FUC at concentrations of 20 or 40 mg/L, denoted as PC20, PC40, FUC20, and FUC40, respectively, while all birds were provided with identical feed. Supplemental algal derivatives notably improved hen day egg production (HDEP), egg mass, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the control group (P < 0.01). Incorporating PC and FUC had no significant effect on the weight of males' testes or the weight and length of hens' oviducts. Additionally, the experimental treatments had no impact on the chicks' hatching weight. The supplementation of PC and FUC resulted in increased fertility (P = 0.038) and hatchability (P < 0.001) rates, with the exception of fertility in the PC40 group. The effect of the experimental treatments on immune responses was largely not statistically significant, except in the case of ND. Specifically, the experimental treatments resulted in increased (P = 0.033) antibody titers against ND when compared to the control group, with the exception of FUC20. Supplemental algal derivatives significantly (P < 0.01) reduced total cholesterol, creatinine, and triglycerides (except in the case of PC20). Overall, these findings underscore the potential of algal derivatives to enhance quail performance, reproductive traits, and immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Habibi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran
| | - Enayat Rahmatnejad
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran.
| | - Sayyed Sattar Tohidifar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Shahrekord 8818634141, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Alireza Afshar
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Ali Kameli
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Maryam Jafari
- Graduated Master of Science in Medical Mycology, Kerman University of Medicine Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Environment, Persian Gulf Research and Studies Center, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
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Yehia N, Mohamed FH, Al-Zaban MI, Amer F, Baazaoui N, Khattab MS, Abd Elhalem Mohamed A, Salem HM, El-Saadony MT, El-Tarabily KA, Omar DM. The influence of Spirulina extract on pathogenicity, immune response, and vaccine efficacy against H9N2 avian influenza virus in specific pathogen free chickens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103194. [PMID: 38041892 PMCID: PMC10731387 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian influenza (AI) viruses pose a risk to the worldwide poultry industry. Ultimately, improving the efficiency of the H9N2 vaccine is necessary to better control low-pathogenic avian influenza-H9N2 by using natural immunostimulant. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to examine varying doses of the cyanobacterium Spirulina extract on the effectiveness of H9N2 vaccine. Thus, a total of 150 specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were allocated into 6 groups, 25 birds each, as follow: G1, G2, and G6 were supplemented with 200, 400, and 400 mg Spirulina extract/kg feed, respectively, whilst the feed in G3, G4, and G5 were not supplemented with Spirulina extract. At 21-days-old, only the chickens in G1, G2, and G3 were vaccinated with the H9N2 AI vaccine. After 4 wk postvaccination, the chickens in G1, G2, G3, G4, and G6 were challenged with H9N2 AI Egyptian strain. The challenged virus was selected from a recent circulating Egyptian strain during 2022, and it was related to A/quail/Hong Kong/G1/97-like virus lineage and clustered with G1-B sub-lineage EGY-2 group. It had a high amino acids identity percentage of 92.6% with the A/chicken/Iran/av1221/1998 (Boehringer Ingelheim) vaccine. The results of real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase-chain-reaction (rRT-PCR) revealed that no shedding of the virus was reported in G1, G2, G3, and G5. The supplementation of Spirulina extract in low (200 mg/kg of feed) and high (400 mg/kg of feed) concentration with the birds vaccinated with H9N2 AI vaccine (G1 and G2) induced prominent immuno-stimulatory effect in a dose dependent manner where it strongly enhanced the phagocytic activities of broilers' peripheral blood monocytes, and lysozyme at all days postvaccination (dpv) and days postchallenge (dpc) compared to other groups with significant differences at all day of experiment and 21st dpv, 28th dpv, 7th dpc, and 14th dpc, respectively. The supplementation with Spirulina extract in G1 and G2 induced the highest hemagglutination inhibition antibody titer in a dose-dependent manner at all-time intervals. The antibody titer postvaccination was significantly increased in G1 and G2 at 14th, and 21st dpv, in comparison with G3. Furthermore, G1 and G2 showed higher significant antibody titers at 7th and 14th dpc, compared to other groups. Furthermore, Spirulina extract (200 and 400 mg/kg feed) in G1 and G2 showed anti-inflammatory effect in a dose dependant manner by downregulating nitric oxide levels at all times postchallenge with a significant difference at 3 to 7 dpc compared to G3, G4, and G6, with improved histopathological alterations in the trachea, lung, kidney, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius. G6 supplied with 400 mg/kg Spirulina extract feed only without vaccination had a similar effect as vaccinated groups on innate immunity. However, it delayed the production of antibodies and did not prevent viral shedding as in vaccinated groups. In conclusion, vaccination in conjunction with either dose of Spirulina extract (G1, and G2) prevents viral shedding, increases the immune response, and reduces inflammation and histopathological change caused by H9N2 AI infection in a dose dependent manner. We recommend the use of 400 mg Spirulina extract/kg feed as a natural immunostimulant in conjunction with the H9N2 vaccine to achieve the highest possible level of protection against H9N2 AI infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahed Yehia
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Farida H Mohamed
- Department of Immunology, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Mayasar I Al-Zaban
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Amer
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Narjes Baazaoui
- Biology Department, College of Sciences and Arts Muhayil Assir, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa S Khattab
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abd Elhalem Mohamed
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Heba M Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Dalia M Omar
- The Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics (CLEVB), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12618, Egypt
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El-Ratel IT, El-Kholy KH, Mousa NA, El-Said EA. Impacts of selenium nanoparticles and spirulina alga to alleviate the deleterious effects of heat stress on reproductive efficiency, oxidative capacity and immunity of doe rabbits. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3519-3532. [PMID: 36688617 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2168198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Effects of dietary inclusion of spirulina platensis (SP) and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) combination (SP-SeNPs) on the reproductive performance in vivo and in vitro, reproductive and metabolic hormones, hemato-bichemical parameters, oxidative stress, and immunity of heat-stressed doe rabbis were evaluated. All supplements significantly increased live litter size at birth and weaning, viability rate at birth, hemoglobin and red blood cells, and plasma T3, T4, insulin, total proteins and albumin compared with control. Plasma estradiol 17-β (pre-mating), progesterone (mid-pregnancy), and prolactin (day -7 postpartum) were significantly increased only by SeNPs (0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 mg/kg). All dietary supplements significantly reduced WBCs, cortisol, lipid profile, and improved liver and kidney functions. Immunoglobulins levels, antioxidants capacity were significantly increased, superoxide dismutase was increased by SeNPs (0.4 and 0.5 mg/kg), while malondialdehyde was reduced by 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 SeNPs mg/kg. Sexual receptivity, pregnancy rate, viability rate at weaning, ovulation rate, and embryo quality were significantly increased by increasing SeNPs above 0.1 mg, while embryo yield was increased by >0.2 mg SeNPs/kg. A combination of SP and SeNPs, could be potentially used as a strong antioxidant to enhance heat regulation and doe rabbit reproduction via improving reproductive and metabolic hormones, antioxidant status and immunological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim T El-Ratel
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Khaled H El-Kholy
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Nawal A Mousa
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Eman A El-Said
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
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Abdel-Wahab AA, Elnesr SS, Ahmad EAM, Abdel-Kader IA. Effect of dietary supplementation of Spirulina platensis powder on performance, some serum biochemistry, digestive enzymes, microbial content, antioxidant parameters and immune responses of growing Japanese quail. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:4869-4877. [PMID: 37067444 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2200462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to examine the influences of Spirulina platensis powder (SPP) on growth performance, physiological status, blood biochemistry, and intestinal microbial population in quail. 240-10-days old Japanese quail chicks were distributed into five groups. Each group had four replicate pens with 12 birds each. The first group received a basal diet (control group). Groups from two to five received the basal diet with SPP at levels of 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0% as dietary ingredients, respectively. Results clarified significantly higher live body weight and body weight gain (p < 0.001) with significant enhancements (p < 0.001) in feed conversion values for groups that received SPP levels, especially 4.5% compared with the control and other groups. Birds fed on a diet containing SPP had significantly higher amylase, trypsin and lipase levels (p < 0.001) than the control. Intestinal Lactobacillus sp. was significantly increased, and Escherichia coli and Salamonella populations were significantly decreased by dietary SPP levels (p < 0.001). Liver function, total lipid profile, antioxidant parameters and immune response were significantly affected by SPP levels compared with the control (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the inclusion of SPP until 4.5% in quail diets could improve the growth performance, intestinal microbial population and serum biochemical constituents of growing quail.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Poultry Production, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Shaaban S Elnesr
- Department of Poultry Production, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Enas A M Ahmad
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - I A Abdel-Kader
- Department of Poultry Production, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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Attia YA, Hassan RA, Addeo NF, Bovera F, Alhotan RA, Al-qurashi AD, Al-Baadani HH, Al-Banoby MA, Khafaga AF, Eisenreich W, Shehata AA, Basiouni S. Effects of Spirulina platensis and/or Allium sativum on Antioxidant Status, Immune Response, Gut Morphology, and Intestinal Lactobacilli and Coliforms of Heat-Stressed Broiler Chicken. Vet Sci 2023; 10:678. [PMID: 38133229 PMCID: PMC10747519 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10120678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the dietary addition of Spirulina platensis (SP) and/or garlic powder (GP) on heat-stressed broiler chickens. For this purpose, 600 Ross-308 broiler chicks were allocated at 22 days of age into five groups (G1-G5), each comprising six groups of 20 birds each. Chickens kept in G1 (negative control) were fed a basal diet and raised at 26 ± 1 °C. Chickens kept in G2 to G5 were exposed to periodic heat stress (35 ± 1 °C for 9 h/day) from 22 to 35 days old. Chickens in G2 (positive control) were provided a basal diet, while G3, G4, and G5 were fed a basal diet enriched with SP (1 g/kg diet), GP (200 mg/kg diet), or SP/GP (1 g SP/kg + 200 mg GP/kg diet), respectively. The assessment parameters included the chickens' performance, malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity, blood biochemistry, intestinal morphology, and modulation of lactobacilli and total coliforms in the intestinal microbiota. Our findings demonstrated that supplementing heat-stressed chickens with SP and/or GP significantly mitigated the negative effects on the European production efficiency index (EPEF), survival rate, cholesterol profile, and oxidative stress markers. Chickens supplemented with GP and/or SP exhibited significantly better EPEF and survivability rates. Heat stress had a significant impact on both the gut structure and gut microbiota. However, SP and/or GP supplementation improved the gut morphology, significantly increased the intestinal lactobacilli, and reduced the coliform contents. It was also found that the simultaneous feeding of SP and GP led to even higher recovery levels with improved lipid metabolites, immunity, and oxidative status. Overall, supplementing chickens with SP and/or GP can alleviate the negative effects of heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef A. Attia
- Sustainable Agriculture Production Research Group, Agriculture Department, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Reda A. Hassan
- Department of Poultry Nutrition, Animal Production Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza 3751310, Egypt;
| | - Nicola Francesco Addeo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (N.F.A.); (F.B.)
| | - Fulvia Bovera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (N.F.A.); (F.B.)
| | - Rashed A. Alhotan
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.); (H.H.A.-B.)
| | - Adel D. Al-qurashi
- Sustainable Agriculture Production Research Group, Agriculture Department, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hani H. Al-Baadani
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.); (H.H.A.-B.)
| | | | - Asmaa F. Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Wolfgang Eisenreich
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Bavarian NMR Center (BNMRZ), Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany;
| | - Awad A. Shehata
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Bavarian NMR Center (BNMRZ), Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany;
| | - Shereen Basiouni
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Egypt
- Cilia Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes-Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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Al-Yahyaey F, Stephen C, Al-Shukaili Y, Al-Bulushi S, Shaat I, Bush R. Effect of Spirulina platensis Supplementation on Reproductive Parameters of Sahrawi and Jabbali Goat Bucks. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3405. [PMID: 37958160 PMCID: PMC10649162 DOI: 10.3390/ani13213405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Spirulina platensis (SP) is a protein-rich dietary supplement that improves animal reproductive traits. This study investigated the effect of SP supplementation on puberty onset, semen characteristics, scrotal circumference (SC), libido, and hormone concentrations in Sahrawi and Jabbali bucks. The study was conducted in 36 bucks, divided into three groups (n = 6/group), for 70 days. The rations included the following: (1) Control feed (Con) with 14% crude protein and 11.97% MJ/kg DM energy; (2) Con with 2 g SP/head/day SP treatment (T1) and (3) Con with 4 g SP/head/day treatment (T2). The mean (±SEM) SC of both SP groups in the Sahrawi breed was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) compared to the Con. The mean of the semen volume significantly increased (p ≤ 0.05) in the SP group than in the Con group in both breeds. SP groups vs. Con groups had increased sperm concentration in Sahrawi bucks than Jabbali bucks. Mean serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (Tes) concentrations in Jabbali bucks were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in the SP groups compared to Sahrawi bucks. SP improved the SC, semen quality, libido, sperm concentration, and LH and Tes concentrations in both breeds. The results of the current study suggest that adding SP to the diet may have the ability to improve the semen quality of the local Omani bucks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Al-Yahyaey
- Animal Nutrition Research Division, Ministry of Agriculture Wealth, Fisheries and Water Resources, P.O. Box 467, Muscat 100, Oman
- School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia;
| | - Cyril Stephen
- School of Agricultural, Environmental & Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia;
| | - Yasir Al-Shukaili
- Reproduction Research Division, Ministry of Agriculture Wealth, Fisheries and Water Resources, P.O. Box 467, Muscat 100, Oman;
| | - Samir Al-Bulushi
- Animal Research Center, Directorate General of Veterinary Services, Royal Court Affairs, P.O. Box 1218, Muscat 111, Oman;
| | - Ihab Shaat
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Cairo 12618, Egypt;
- Oman Animal and Plant Genetic Resources Centre (Mawarid), Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation, Al Koudh 111, Oman
| | - Russell Bush
- School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia;
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Mishra P, Das R, Chaudhary A, Mishra B, Jha R. Effects of microalgae, with or without xylanase supplementation, on growth performance, organs development, and gut health parameters of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103056. [PMID: 37722276 PMCID: PMC10518709 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are becoming potential sustainable feed ingredients, whereas terrestrial feedstuffs are becoming scarce and costly. They are rich in nutritional and functional values but have lower digestibility. This study evaluated the effects of microalgae with or without xylanase supplementation on growth performance and gut health of broiler chickens. A total of 162-day-old Cobb 500 chicks were raised for 35 d. Birds were fed with either 1 of the 3 dietary treatments: 1) corn-soybean meal-based diet (CON), 2) CON + 3% microalgae (MAG), and 3) MAG + xylanase (MAG+XYN) in 2 phases (starter: d 0-21 and finisher: d 22-35) in mash form. Each dietary treatment had 6 replicates, with 9 birds in each replicate. The level of significance was considered at the P value <0.05. The BW, ADG, and ADFI were significantly higher in MAG by 50%, 52.5%, and 42.4%, respectively, and MAG+XYN by 44.1%, 49.7%, and 38.6%, respectively, compared to the CON group. No significant difference was observed for FCR; however, FCR was reduced by 6.3% in both MAG and MAG+XYN groups compared to the CON group. The carcass and organ weight relative to the total body weight were not significantly different among the treatments. The expressions of Zonula occludens 1 (ZO1), Cluster of differentiation 56 (CD56), and Solute carrier family 7 member 7 (SLC7A7) were significantly modulated, for example, by 3.7, 3.9, and 3.3 folds, respectively, in the MAG group compared to CON and 0.8, 0.6, and 1.1 folds, respectively, in the MAG group compared to MAG+XYN groups on d 35. Villi surface area (VSA) of ileum tended to increase on d 3 (P = 0.0725) and d 35 (P = 0.0785) in the MAG and MAG+XYN groups, compared to the CON group. The results suggest that adding microalgae with or without xylanase to broiler's diet could promote growth performance and show a tendency to improve gut health parameters. The nutrient profile and its functional properties make microalgae a valuable resource to the poultry industry as a part substitution of corn and soybean meal and a functional feed supplement to modulate the gut health of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Mishra
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Razib Das
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Ajay Chaudhary
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Birendra Mishra
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Rajesh Jha
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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10
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Chaudhary A, Mishra P, Amaz SA, Mahato PL, Das R, Jha R, Mishra B. Dietary supplementation of microalgae mitigates the negative effects of heat stress in broilers. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102958. [PMID: 37540947 PMCID: PMC10407898 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress in poultry is a serious concern, affecting their health and productivity. To effectively address the issue of heat stress, it is essential to include antioxidant-rich compounds in the poultry diet to ensure the proper functioning of the redox system. Microalgae (Spirulina platensis) are rich in antioxidants and have several health benefits in humans and animals. However, its role in health and production and the underlying mechanism in heat-stressed broilers are poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the effect of microalgae supplementation on the health and production of heat-stressed broilers. Cobb500 day-old chicks (N = 144) were raised in litter floor pens (6 pens/treatment and 8 birds/pen). The treatment groups were: 1) no heat stress (NHS), 2) heat stress (HS), and 3) heat stress + 3% microalgae (HS+MAG). The broilers in the HS+MAG group were fed a diet supplemented with 3% microalgae, whereas NHS and HS groups were fed a standard broiler diet. Broilers in the NHS were raised under standard temperature (20°C-24°C), while HS and HS+MAG broilers were subjected to cyclic heat stress from d 22 to 35 (32°C-33°C for 8 h). Heat stress significantly decreased the final body weight, whereas the supplementation of microalgae increased the final body weight of broilers (P < 0.05). The expressions of ileal antioxidant (GPX3), immune-related (IL4), and tight-junction (CLDN2) genes were increased in microalgae-supplemented broilers compared to heat-stressed broilers (P < 0.05). The ileal villus height to crypt depth ratio was improved in microalgae-supplemented broilers (P < 0.05). In addition, microbial alpha, and beta diversities were higher in the HS+MAG group compared to the HS group (P < 0.05). There was an increase in volatile fatty acid-producing bacteria at the genus level, such as Ruminococcus, Ocillospira, Lactobacillus, Oscillobacter, Flavonifractor, and Colidextribacter in the group that received microalgae supplementation. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of microalgae improved the growth performances of heat-stressed broilers by improving their physiogenomics. Thus, the dietary inclusion of microalgae can potentially mitigate heat stress in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Chaudhary
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Pravin Mishra
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Sadid Al Amaz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Prem Lal Mahato
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Razib Das
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Rajesh Jha
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Birendra Mishra
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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11
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El-Ratel IT, Elbasuny ME, El-Nagar HA, Abdel-Khalek AKE, El-Raghi AA, El Basuini MF, El-Kholy KH, Fouda SF. The synergistic impact of Spirulina and selenium nanoparticles mitigates the adverse effects of heat stress on the physiology of rabbits bucks. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287644. [PMID: 37437098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress has a detrimental effect on animal fertility, particularly testicular functions, including reduced sperm output and quality, which causes an economic loss in the production of rabbits. The present trial investigated the efficacy of dietary Spirulina (SP) (Arthrospira platensis), selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), and their combination (SP-SeNPs) on semen quality, haemato-biochemical, oxidative stress, immunity, and sperm quality of heat-stressed (HS) rabbit bucks. Sixty mature bucks (APRI line) were distributed into 6 groups of ten replicates under controlled conditions. Bucks in the 1st group (control-NC) were kept under normal conditions (11-22°C; 40-45% RH% = relative humidity), while the 2nd group (control-HS) was kept under heat stress conditions (32±0.50°C; 60-66% RH %). The control groups were fed a commercial pelleted diet and the other four heat-stressed groups were fed a commercial pelleted diet with 1 g SP, 25 mg SeNPs, 1 g SP+25 mg SeNPs, and 1 g SP+50 mg SeNPs per kg diet, respectively. The dietary inclusion of SP, SeNPs, and their combinations significantly increased hemoglobin, platelets, total serum protein, high-density lipoproteins, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and seminal plasma testosterone while decreased triglycerides, total cholesterol, urea, creatinine, and malondialdehyde compared with the control-HS. Red blood cells, packed cell volume, serum albumin, and testosterone significantly increased, while SeNPs, SP+SeNPs25, and SP+SeNPs50 significantly decreased low-density lipoproteins, aspartate, and alanine amino transferees. Total antioxidant capacity substantially increased in serum and seminal plasma, while seminal plasma malondialdehyde decreased in 25 or 50 mg of SeNPs+SP/kg groups. All supplements significantly improved libido, sperm livability, concentration, intact acrosome, membrane integrity, total output in fresh semen, and sperm quality in cryopreserved semen. SP-SeNPs50 had higher synergistic effect than SP-SeNPs25 on most different variables studied. In conclusion, the dietary inclusion of SP plus SeNPs50 has a synergistic effect and is considered a suitable dietary supplement for improving reproductive efficiency, health, oxidative stress, and immunity of bucks in the breeding strategy under hot climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim T El-Ratel
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mawada E Elbasuny
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Hamdy A El-Nagar
- Department of Biotechnology Research, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Ali A El-Raghi
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Fouad El Basuini
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Faculty of Desert Agriculture, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Khaled H El-Kholy
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Sara F Fouda
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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12
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El Basuini MF, Khattab AAA, Hafsa SHA, Teiba II, Elkassas NEM, El-Bilawy EH, Dawood MAO, Atia SES. Impacts of algae supplements (Arthrospira & Chlorella) on growth, nutrient variables, intestinal efficacy, and antioxidants in New Zealand white rabbits. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7891. [PMID: 37193743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
An 8-week trial to examine the impacts of Arthrospira platensis and Chlorella vulgaris on the growth, nutrient aspects, intestinal efficacy, and antioxidants of 75 New Zealand white male rabbits (initial body weight = 665.93 ± 15.18 g). Herein the study was designed in one-way ANOVA to compare the effects of the two algae species with two levels of supplementations in the feeds of New Zealand white rabbits. The rabbits were divided into five groups (n = 15/group), where the first group was allocated as the control group (Ctrl) while the second and third groups received A. platensis at 300 or 500 mg/kg diet (Ap300 or Ap500). The fourth and fifth groups fed C. vulgaris at 300 or 500 mg/kg diet (Ch300 or Ch500). The basal diet rabbits exhibited the lowest values of weight, lipase, protease, and the highest feed conversion ratio, which improved noticeably with algae addition, particularly with Ap500, Ch300, and Ch500. All tested groups showed normal intestinal structure. Amylase potency, hematological indicators, and serum biochemistry revealed non-significant variation except for a higher serum total protein and lower total cholesterol in algal groups. The best GPx existed in groups fed algal diets, while favorable SOD and CAT efficiency occurred at the higher level of Arthrospira and both levels of Chlorella. In conclusion, incorporating Arthrospira or Chlorella in the diet of New Zealand white rabbits improved performance, nutrient utilization, intestinal efficacy, and antioxidants. Arthrospira (Ap500) and Chlorella (Ch300 or Ch500) have almost the same beneficial effect on rabbit performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed F El Basuini
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
- King Salman International University, South Sinai, 46618, Egypt.
| | | | - Salma H Abu Hafsa
- Livestock Research Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Islam I Teiba
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Nabila E M Elkassas
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
- The Center for Applied Research On the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
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13
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Guzmán-Gómez O, García-Rodríguez RV, Pérez-Gutierrez S, Rivero-Ramírez NL, García-Martínez Y, Pablo-Pérez SS, Pérez-Pastén-Borja R, Cristóbal-Luna JM, Chamorro-Cevallos G. Protective Effect of the Phycobiliproteins from Arthrospira maxima on Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in a Rat Model. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1586. [PMID: 37111811 PMCID: PMC10146595 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Gastric ulcers (GU) constitute a disease with a global prevalence ≈ 8.09 million. Of their causes, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as indomethacin (IND) rank as the second most frequent etiologic agent. The pathogenic process of gastric lesions is given by the overproduction of oxidative stress, promotion of inflammatory processes, and inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Spirulina Arthrospira maxima (SP) is a cyanobacterium with a wide variety of substances with high nutritional and health values such as phycobiliproteins (PBPs) that have outstanding antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatories effects, and accelerate the wound healing process. This study aimed to determine the protective effect of PBPs in GU induced by IND 40 mg/kg. Our results show that the PBPs protected against IND-induced damage with a dose-dependent effect. At a dose of 400 mg/kg, a marked decrease in the number of lesions is observed, as well as the recovery of the main markers of oxidative stress damage (MDA) and antioxidant species (SOD, CAT, GPx) at close to baseline levels. The evidence derived from the present investigation suggests that the antioxidant effect of PBPs, together with their reported anti-inflammatory effects to accelerate the wound healing process, is the most reliable cause of their antiulcerogenic activity in this GU model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Guzmán-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Mexico City C.P. 07738, Mexico; (O.G.-G.); (Y.G.-M.); (S.S.P.-P.); (R.P.-P.-B.)
| | - Rosa Virginia García-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Química Aplicada, Universidad Veracruzana, Luis Castelazo Ayala S/N Col. Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa C.P. 91190, Mexico;
| | - Salud Pérez-Gutierrez
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Mexico City C.P. 04960, Mexico;
| | - Nora Lilia Rivero-Ramírez
- Departamento de Morfología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Mexico City C.P. 11340, Mexico;
| | - Yuliana García-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Mexico City C.P. 07738, Mexico; (O.G.-G.); (Y.G.-M.); (S.S.P.-P.); (R.P.-P.-B.)
| | - Saudy Saret Pablo-Pérez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Mexico City C.P. 07738, Mexico; (O.G.-G.); (Y.G.-M.); (S.S.P.-P.); (R.P.-P.-B.)
| | - Ricardo Pérez-Pastén-Borja
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Mexico City C.P. 07738, Mexico; (O.G.-G.); (Y.G.-M.); (S.S.P.-P.); (R.P.-P.-B.)
| | - José Melesio Cristóbal-Luna
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Mexico City C.P. 07738, Mexico; (O.G.-G.); (Y.G.-M.); (S.S.P.-P.); (R.P.-P.-B.)
| | - Germán Chamorro-Cevallos
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Mexico City C.P. 07738, Mexico; (O.G.-G.); (Y.G.-M.); (S.S.P.-P.); (R.P.-P.-B.)
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14
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Ismail F, Sherif K, Rizk Y, Hassan M, Mekawy A, Mahrose K. Dietary supplementation of spirulina and canthaxanthin boosts laying performance, lipid profile in blood and egg yolk, hatchability, and semen quality of chickens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:650-658. [PMID: 35534942 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the impacts of dietary spirulina (SP) and canthaxanthin (CX) supplementation to laying hens on reproductive performance and cock's semen quality evaluation. Three hundred and sixty of indigenous Sinai chickens (300 hens + 60 cocks), 48-weeks-old, were randomly divided into five treatments; a control and four supplemented (0.6 g SP mg/kg, 0.8 g SP mg/kg, 6 mg CX/kg diet, and 8 mg CX/kg diet) with six replications of 10 females and 1 male per treatment for laying trial and 1 male for semen evaluation. The animals were fed with experimental diets for 12 weeks. Supplementing 6 mg CX/kg diet led to an increase in the final body weight and egg production traits, while 8 mg CX/kg diet resulted in an improving feed conversion ratio. Supplementation of 0.6 g SP mg/kg or 6.0 mg CX/kg diet resulted in the highest egg production. The heaviest egg weight and egg mass were induced by 0.8 g SP mg/kg. Eggs laid from hens fed 0.6 g SP/kg diet had a higher concentration of cholesterol than those fed 0.8 g SP/kg and those fed 6.0 and 8.0 mg CX/kg. Cocks fed 6 mg CX/kg and those fed 0.8 g SP/kg diet had the greatest sperm concentration. The supplementation of 0.8 g SP mg/kg diet or both 6 and 8 mg CX/kg diet enhanced hatchability. So, dietary spirulina (0.8 mg/kg) and canthaxanthin (6 mg/kg) supplementation to Sinai laying hens and cocks could be used to improve productive and reproductive and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzy Ismail
- Department of Poultry Production, Agriculture College, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Khalil Sherif
- Department of Poultry Production, Agriculture College, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yasser Rizk
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Montaha Hassan
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aml Mekawy
- Department of Poultry Production, Agriculture College, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Khalid Mahrose
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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15
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Sayed AEDH, Hamed M, El-Sayed AAA, Nunes B, Soliman HAM. The mitigating effect of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) on the hemotoxicity of gibberellic acid on juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:25701-25711. [PMID: 36346524 PMCID: PMC9995583 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23844-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The use of plant growth regulators has led to environmental contamination of water bodies that occur adjacent to agricultural areas. Some of these chemicals are bioactive, not only to plants, but also to non-target exposed biota, namely of the aquatic compartment. Previous work demonstrated the establishment of hepato- and nephrotoxic effects in juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed via aquatic media to gibberellic acid (GA3), which is among the most used plant growth regulators, in agricultural practices. Here, we investigated the effect of GA3 on hematological indices, poikilocytosis, nuclear abnormalities, and genotoxic indices measured in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), as well as the putative protective effects of dietary supplementation of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis). Fish were evenly assorted into 5 groups: group I served as a control, and groups II-V were fed diets supplemented with Spirulina at rates of 0 g/kg, 5 g/kg, 20 g/kg, and 100 g/kg, respectively, for 2 months before being exposed to 150 mg/L GA3. The results revealed that GA3 exposure decreased significantly all hematological indices (P < 0.05), except leucocytes and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), compared to the control group (P > 0.05). GA3 exposure increased significantly the percentage of nuclear abnormalities, altered erythrocytes and the percentages of tail DNA, compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Spirulina supplementation restored the hematological, poikilocytosis, nuclear abnormalities, and the percentages of tail DNA to near normal levels. The 100 g/kg SP treatment was the most effective in attaining such effect, showing concentration-dependency. The present study reinforces our findings of the toxicity of GA3 on O. niloticus and suggests that the addition of Spirulina to fish diet can mitigate the hemotoxic effects of GA3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El-Din H Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Hamed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz A A El-Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Medina, 42238, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Centro de Estudos Do Ambiente E Do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Hamdy A M Soliman
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 8562, Egypt
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16
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Maddiboyina B, Vanamamalai HK, Roy H, Ramaiah, Gandhi S, Kavisri M, Moovendhan M. Food and drug industry applications of microalgae Spirulina platensis: A review. J Basic Microbiol 2023. [PMID: 36720046 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Spirulina platensis is a photosynthetic, blue-green, spiral- or bulb-shaped microalgae. Due to the presence of minerals, vitamins, pigments (carotenes, phycocyanin and chlorophyll) proteins (55%-70%), carbohydrates (15%-25%), and essential fatty acids (5%-8%), it has been used as a nutritional supplement for decades. NASA successfully employed it as a nutritional supplement for astronauts on space missions then its popularity was increased. The chemical composition of Spirulina, which is rich in vitamins, minerals, phenolics, vital fatty acids, amino acids, and pigments, can be beneficial to human health when incorporated into meals. The pharmacological effects include antibacterial, anticancer, metalloprotective, immune-stimulating, and antioxidant. It modulates immunological activities and possesses anti-inflammatory qualities by preventing mast cells from releasing histamine. Due to its high quantity of protein, carbohydrate, lipid, vital amino and fatty acids, dietary minerals and vitamins, Spirulina exerts the abovementioned benefits. In this review, up-to-date and possible biological aspects, patents applied on Spirulina and heights of confirmation are addressed, and the extent of current and future exploration is also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Maddiboyina
- Freyr Solutions, Phoenix SEZ, HITEC City 2, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Harekrishna Roy
- Nirmala College of Pharmacy, Mangalagiri, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ramaiah
- Freyr Solutions, Phoenix SEZ, HITEC City 2, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sivaraman Gandhi
- Department of Chemistry, Gandhigram Rural Institute Deemed University, Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M Kavisri
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Building and Environment, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Meivelu Moovendhan
- Centre for Ocean Research, Col. Dr. Jeppiaar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Tamilnadu, Chennai, India
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El-Shall NA, Jiang S, Farag MR, Azzam M, Al-Abdullatif AA, Alhotan R, Dhama K, Hassan FU, Alagawany M. Potential of Spirulina platensis as a feed supplement for poultry to enhance growth performance and immune modulation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1072787. [PMID: 36798131 PMCID: PMC9927202 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1072787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Increase in drug resistance as well as ineffective immunization efforts against various pathogens (viruses, bacteria and fungi) pose a significant threat to the poultry industry. Spirulina is one of the most widely used natural ingredients which is becoming popular as a nutritional supplement in humans, animals, poultry and aquaculture. It contains protein, vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, pigments, and essential amino acids. Moreover, it also has considerable quantities of unique natural antioxidants including polyphenols, carotenoids, and phycocyanin. Dietary supplementation of Spirulina can beneficially affect gut microbial population, serum biochemical parameters, and growth performance of chicken. Additionally, it contains polyphenolic contents having antibacterial effects. Spirulina extracts might inhibit bacterial motility, invasion, biofilm formation, and quorum sensing in addition to acting directly on the bacterium by weakening and making the bacterial cell walls more porous, subsequently resulting in cytoplasmic content leakage. Additionally, Spirulina has shown antiviral activities against certain common human or animal viruses and this capability can be considered to exhibit potential benefits against avian viruses also. Spirulan, a calcium-rich internal polysaccharide of Spirulina, is potentially responsible for its antiviral effect through inhibiting the entry of several viruses into the host cells, boosting the production of nitric oxide in macrophages, and stimulating the generation of cytokines. Comparatively a greater emphasis has been given to the immune modulatory effects of Spirulina as a feed additive in chicken which might boost disease resistance and improve survival and growth rates, particularly under stress conditions. This manuscript reviews biological activities and immune-stimulating properties of Spirulina and its potential use as a dietary supplement in poultry to enhance growth, gut health and disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahed A El-Shall
- Department Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, El-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Shouqun Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mayada R Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Azzam
- Department of Animal Production College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Poultry Production Department, Agriculture Faculty, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Abdullatif
- Department of Animal Production College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed Alhotan
- Department of Animal Production College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, Indian Council of Agricultural Recearch-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Faiz-Ul Hassan
- Institute of animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Agriculture Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Riaz K, Butt MS, Sharif MK, Faisal MN. Therapeutic efficacy of spirulina against ovalbumin and cigarette smoke-induced asthma-specific stress biomarkers in Sprague-Dawley rats. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 11:972-982. [PMID: 36789047 PMCID: PMC9922124 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the high prevalence of allergies and asthma, awareness about allergens and therapeutic use of functional foods and nutraceuticals have gained immense attention. Spirulina powder is being used as health-boosting and antioxidant agent against several ailments owing to its unique nutritional profile. Considering its antioxidant role, the current study was focused on exploring therapeutic role of spirulina against stress biomarkers in asthmatic model. To assess the therapeutic efficacy of spirulina against allergic asthma-specific oxidative stress biomarkers, a model feed trial was conducted and rats were divided into four groups (n = 10). G0-I (negative control), G0-II (positive control), whereas GI (spirulina) and G2 (salbutamol) served as treatment groups. Salbutamol is a chemical compound which is used in several antiallergic medicines because it works as bronchodilator. G2 group was given salbutamol for comparison of results. For asthma induction, rats were given intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin on 7th, 14th, and 21st day. Treatment groups were given spirulina powder (500 mg/kg body weight) and salbutamol (1 mg/kg), respectively, after the induction of asthma. All three asthmatic groups were also exposed to cigarette smoke daily along with respective treatment for 4 weeks. Asthma induction caused an increase in total cell count in bronchioalveolar fluid (BALF), while spirulina treatment reduced total cells in BALF by 33.50% and salbutamol by 41.7%. Level of interleukins (IL) like IL-4 decreased by 33.32% & 48.56% in G1 and G2. Similarly, IL-5 and IL-13 levels reduced by 40.9% & 49.9% and 18.62% & 38.02%, respectively, in G1 and G2. Serum levels of Immunoglobin-E (Ig-E) declined by 29.70% and 52.82%, while histamine levels were 26.23% & 45.58% less at the end of study in comparison to positive control. Moreover, histological analysis of lung tissue revealed that both spirulina and salbutamol effectively reduced ovalbumin and cigarette smoke-induced moderate to severe necrosis, architectural changes, and congestion. It was concluded that salbutamol showed better results however, spirulina also effectively reduced mild to moderate allergic symptoms in dose-dependent manner. Nutraceutical and functional foods are considered helpful in mitigating oxidative stress-mediated health problems. Spirulina has its unique nutritional profile including phycobiliproteins, phytochemicals, and antioxidant vitamins which make it useful against several ailments. Considering its antioxidant role, current study was focused on exploring therapeutic efficacy of spirulina against stress biomarkers in asthmatic model. Outcomes of present research also demonstrated beneficial effect of spirulina in modulating allergic symptoms. In this regard, ancient concept of "medicine food homology" can be implemented and spirulina can be incorporated in food for additional benefits. However, further research regarding safety aspects is needed for its use in clinical practice for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Riaz
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition & Home SciencesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Masood Sadiq Butt
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition & Home SciencesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Mian Kamran Sharif
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition & Home SciencesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Faisal
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Institute of Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
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Zeitoun MM, Ateah MA, Almaiman AT, Mansour MM. Spirulina supplementation to the semen extender influences the quality and antioxidant parameters of chilled or cryopreserved Arabian stallion spermatozoa. J Equine Vet Sci 2022; 118:104108. [PMID: 36002116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study attempted to investigate the effect of various concentrations of spirulina platensis additions to the semen extender on Arabian stallion spermatozoa quality. Semen samples were collected with artificial vagina from five fertile stallions and diluted with an extender containing spirulina (2, 4, 6, and 8 mg/100 mL) or without spirulina (control). Aliquots of diluted semen were cooled (5°C, 90 min.) and frozen (-196°C, 7 d), then physical traits of thawed spermatozoa were examined. Furthermore, antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GSR), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in post-cooling and freezing spermatozoa. The results indicated that spirulina supplemented with the extender had no effect (P > 0.05) on sperm quality parameters and antioxidant activities after cooling. However, adding 6 mg spirulina/100 mL to the freezing extender improved (P < 0.05) the speed parameters and total motility percentage of frozen/thawed spermatozoa. Besides, supplementation of freezing extender with the previous level increased (P < 0.05) TAC, SOD and GSR concentrations/activities (0.86 ± 0.32 mM/L, 323.70 ± 12.81 U/mL, and 38.65 ± 1.90 U/mL, respectively) compared with the control (0.70 ± 0.25 mM/L, 165.80 ± 8.12 U/mL, and 25.70 ± 1.83 U/mL, respectively). While, lipid peroxidation of the frozen-thawed semen was reduced (P < 0.05, 17.97 ± 1.30 µmol/ L) compared with the control (29.39 ± 1.89 µmol/ L). Accordingly, the present results revealed that additions of 6 mg spirulina/100 mL to the freezing extender improved semen quality and reduced cryodamage of the Arabian stallion spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa M Zeitoun
- Department of Animal Production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, El-Shatby, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Ateah
- Department of Animal Production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah T Almaiman
- Department of Animal Production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Mansour
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Egypt, Damanhour, Al-Behera, Egypt.
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Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Spirulina platensis on the Reproductive Performance of Female Mink. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9080428. [PMID: 36006343 PMCID: PMC9415728 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9080428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of providing Spirulina platensis (Spirulina) on reproductive performance of female mink. A total of 100 adult brown female mink (Mustela vison) were randomly and equally allocated to control group (C group), in which mink were fed basal diet and Spirulina group (Sp group), where mink received basal diet supplemented with 100 mg of Spirulina/kg of body weight. The experiment lasted 5 months, starting from 1 month prior to mating till kit weaning. Weight gain during pre-mating period was higher in Sp group compared to C group (p < 0.001). Sp group remained heavier until the onset of lactation. Subsequently, mink of Sp group lost more weight than C group (p < 0.001) but without an adverse effect on kit survival. A tendency for a higher whelping rate was detected in Sp group (93.61%) compared to C group (81.25%) (p = 0.07). Litter size, as well as weight of kits at weaning, did not differ between groups (p > 0.10). Finally, Sp group weaned numerically more kits compared to C group. Results obtained here showed that Spirulina treated animals tended to an increased whelping rate.
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21
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Microalgae-Based PUFAs for Food and Feed: Current Applications, Future Possibilities, and Constraints. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10070844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are currently considered an attractive source of highly valuable compounds for human and animal consumption, including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Several microalgae-derived compounds, such as ω-3 fatty acids, pigments, and whole dried biomasses are available on the market and are mainly produced by culturing microalgae in open ponds, which can be achieved with low setup and maintenance costs with respect to enclosed systems. However, open tanks are more susceptible to bacterial and other environmental contamination, do not guarantee a high reproducibility of algal biochemical profiles and productivities, and constrain massive cultivation to a limited number of species. Genetic engineering techniques have substantially improved over the last decade, and several model microalgae have been successfully modified to promote the accumulation of specific value-added compounds. However, transgenic strains should be cultured in closed photobioreactors (PBRs) to minimize risks of contamination of aquatic environments with allochthonous species; in addition, faster growth rates and higher yields of compounds of interest can be achieved in PBRs compared to open ponds. In this review, we present information collected about the major microalgae-derived commodities (with a special focus on PUFAs) produced at industrial scale, as well genetically-engineered microalgae to increase PUFA production. We also critically analyzed the main bottlenecks that make large-scale production of algal commodities difficult, as well as possible solutions to overcome the main problems and render the processes economically and environmentally safe.
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22
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Elbaz AM, Ahmed AMH, Abdel-Maqsoud A, Badran AMM, Abdel-Moneim AME. Potential ameliorative role of Spirulina platensis in powdered or extract forms against cyclic heat stress in broiler chickens. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:45578-45588. [PMID: 35149947 PMCID: PMC9209341 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19115-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Global warming has become intensified and widespread, threatening the world with causing acute heatwaves that adversely affect poultry production and producers' profitability. Spirulina platensis is a precious and promising mitigating strategy to combat the detrimental impacts of heat stress due to its high contents of nutrients and bioactive components. The current study was designed to compare the incorporation impact of S. platensis powder or aqueous extract on the growth and physiological responses of heat-stressed broiler chicks. Six hundred 1-day-old Ross 308 male broiler chicks were allocated into five experimental groups with six replicates of 20 chicks each. The control group fed the basal diet without additives, SPP1 and SPP2 groups fed the basal diet with 1 g/kg and 2 g/kg S. platensis powder, respectively, while SPE1 and SPE2 groups received 1 ml/L and 2 ml/L S. platensis aqueous extract in the drinking water, respectively. All birds were exposed to cyclic heat stress (34 ± 2 °C for 12 h) for three successive days a week from day 10 to day 35. In vitro analysis showed that total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of S. platensis were remarkably decreased (P < 0.001) in the aqueous extract compared to the powder form. Body weight, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were improved (P < 0.001) in all treated groups, while carcass yield and dressing percentage were increased only in SPP1 and SPP2. Feed and water intake and blood biochemical parameters were not affected. Both forms of S. platensis enhanced the lipid profile, redox status, and humoral immune response of heat-stressed chicks superior to the powder form. Conclusively, the powder form of S. platensis was more effective in enhancing the productivity of broilers and alleviating the negative impacts of heat stress than the aqueous extract form.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayman M H Ahmed
- Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Aml M M Badran
- Poultry Breeding Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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23
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Liang ZL, Chen F, Park S, Balasubramanian B, Liu WC. Impacts of Heat Stress on Rabbit Immune Function, Endocrine, Blood Biochemical Changes, Antioxidant Capacity and Production Performance, and the Potential Mitigation Strategies of Nutritional Intervention. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:906084. [PMID: 35720853 PMCID: PMC9201964 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.906084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress has become a widespread concern in the world, which is one of the major environmental stressors and causes substantial economic loss in the rabbit industry. Heat stress leads to multiple damages to the health of rabbits, such as organ damage, oxidative stress, disordered endocrine regulation, suppressed immune function and reproductive disorders, ultimately, induces the decreased production performance and increased mortality. Nutritional approaches, including feeding strategies, adjusting feed formula, and supplementing vitamins, minerals, electrolytes, Chinese herbal medicines, and functional active substances to the feed, were reported to mitigate the detrimental effects of heat stress in rabbits. Therefore, elucidating the damage of heat stress to rabbits; proper management and nutritional approaches should be considered to solve the heat stress issue in rabbits. This review highlights the scientific evidence regarding the effects of heat stress on rabbit's immune function, endocrine, blood biochemical changes, antioxidant capacity and production performance, and the potential mitigation strategies of nutritional intervention to alleviate heat stress in rabbits; which could contribute to develop nutritional strategies in relieving heat stress of rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Long Liang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Sungkwon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Wen-Chao Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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24
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Omar AE, Al-Khalaifah HS, Osman A, Gouda A, Shalaby SI, Roushdy EM, Abdo SA, Ali SA, Hassan AM, Amer SA. Modulating the Growth, Antioxidant Activity, and Immunoexpression of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Apoptotic Proteins in Broiler Chickens by Adding Dietary Spirulina platensis Phycocyanin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050991. [PMID: 35624855 PMCID: PMC9137683 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the dietary effect of Spirulina platensis phycocyanin (SPC) on growth performance (body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR)) at starter, grower, and finisher stages, intestinal histomorphology, serum biochemical parameters, inflammatory and antioxidant indices, and proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and caspase-3) immune expression in broiler chickens. In total, 250 one-day-old chicks (Ross 308 broiler) were randomly allotted to five experimental groups (5 replicates/group, 10 chicks/replicate) and fed basal diets supplemented with five levels of SPC (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 g kg–1 diet) for 35 days. Compared with SPC0 treatment, different SPC levels increased the overall BW and BWG without affecting the total feed consumption. However, the FCR decreased linearly with an increase in supplementation level. The serum levels of total proteins, albumin, globulins, and growth hormone increased linearly by increasing levels of SPC supplementation. Further, SPC supplementation increased the thyroxin hormones without affecting serum glucose and leptin levels. Serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values decreased in broilers fed SPC0.250 and SPC1 diets. Triglycerides (TG) decreased in SPC0.25-, SPC0.75-, and SPC1-treated groups. Though antioxidant enzyme activities (total antioxidant capacity, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) increased linearly and quadratically, malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased linearly by increasing the SPC level. There was no effect on serum proinflammatory cytokines IL1β levels. Immunolabelling index of caspase-3 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were downregulated by SPC supplementation. The intestinal histomorphology is represented by increased villus height, the villus height to crypt depth ratio, and numbers of goblet cells in different sections of the small intestine. In conclusion, SPC supplementation is beneficial in broiler chicken diets due to its growth-promoting, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaam E. Omar
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Hanan S. Al-Khalaifah
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat, Kuwait City 13109, Kuwait;
| | - Ali Osman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Gouda
- Animal Production Department, Agricultural & Biological Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 11865, Egypt;
| | - Shimaa I. Shalaby
- Physiology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Zagazig, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Elshimaa M. Roushdy
- Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Samar A. Abdo
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagazig, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Sozan A. Ali
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Aziza M. Hassan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shimaa A. Amer
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
- Correspondence:
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Zhu S, Xu J, Adhikari B, Lv W, Chen H. Nostoc sphaeroides Cyanobacteria: a review of its nutritional characteristics and processing technologies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:8975-8991. [PMID: 35416723 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2063251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Nostoc sphaeroides is an edible Cyanobacterium which has high nutritional value and is widely used in dietary supplements and therapeutic products. N. sphaeroides contains protein, fatty acid, minerals and vitamins. Its polysaccharides, phycobilin, phycobiliproteins and some lipids are highly bioactive. Thus, N. sphaeroides possesses anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and cholesterol reducing functions. This paper reviews and evaluates the literature on nutritionally and functionally important compounds of N. sphaeroides. It also reviews and evaluates the processing of technologies used to process N. sphaeroides from fresh harvest to dry particulates including pretreatment, sterilization and drying, including their impact on sensorial and nutritional values. This review shows that a suitable combination of ultrasound, radio frequency and pulse spouted microwave with traditional sterilization and drying technologies greatly improves the sensorial and nutritive quality of processed N. sphaeroides and improves their shelf life; however, further research is needed to evaluate these hybrid technologies. Once suitably processed, N. sphaeroides can be used in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical drugs as an ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Zhu
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jicheng Xu
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Weiqiao Lv
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huizhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Abdel-Moneim AME, Shehata AM, Mohamed NG, Elbaz AM, Ibrahim NS. Synergistic effect of Spirulina platensis and selenium nanoparticles on growth performance, serum metabolites, immune responses, and antioxidant capacity of heat-stressed broiler chickens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:768-779. [PMID: 33674946 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02662-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of dietary Spirulina platensis (SP) at levels of 0, 5, and 10 g.kg-1 and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) at 0, 0.1, and 0.2 mg.kg-1, individually and in combination, on heat-stressed broiler chickens for 5 weeks. Four hundred fifty one-day-old Ross-308 chicks were allocated to 9 dietary groups with 5 replicates (10 chicks each). The control diet was consisted of corn-soybean-based basal diet. The obtained results displayed a significant increase in final body weight (p = 0.005) and weight gain during the periods from 22 to 35 days (p = 0.002) and 1 to 35 days (p = 0.005) in birds fed supplemented diets compared to those fed control diet, with the highest being in birds fed with both 10 g SP and 0.1 mg SeNPs. Feed conversion ratio was also improved in birds fed supplemented compared to control group. Dietary supplements significantly improved carcass dressing (p < 0.001), carcass yield (p = 0.001) percentages, and blood lipid profile. Blood triiodothyronine was higher (p = 0.005) with all treated diets except that contain 5 g SP compared to the control, with the highest being in birds fed diet contains 5 g SP + 0.2 mg SeNPs. Immunoglobulin subclasses IgG, IgM, and IgA were higher in birds fed supplemented diets compared to the control group. Antibody titers to Newcastle disease, avian influenza, and infectious bursal disease were numerically increased with dietary supplementation compared to the control group. Dietary treatments increased (p < 0.001) glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, except diet contains 5 g SP for SOD level and decreased (p < 0.001) malondialdehyde level. It is concluded that dietary inclusion of SP and SeNPs, particularly their combination at levels 5 g SP plus 0.2 mg SeNPs kg-1 and 10 g SP plus 0.1 mg SeNPs kg-1, improved growth performance, carcass yield, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of heat-stressed broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim
- Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt.
| | - Abdelrazeq M Shehata
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt
- Department of Dairy Science & Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Noureldeen G Mohamed
- Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt
| | | | - Nashaat S Ibrahim
- Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt
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27
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Mohamed NA, Hashem MAM, Alzahrani AM, Abdel-Moneim AM, Abdou HM. Hepatoprotective effect of Spirulina platensis against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in male rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1562-1570. [PMID: 34387320 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Spirulina platensis (SP) is an edible Cyanobacterium with ethnomedicinal significance. This study aims at evaluating the beneficial effect of SP against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver toxicity in male rats. METHODS Rats received intraperitoneal injections of CCl4 (2 ml/kg body weight [b.w.] per every other day) for 40 days, alone or in combination with oral treatments of SP (400 mg/kg b.w. per day). KEY FINDINGS SP attenuated haematological disturbances, serum liver markers, hepatic necrosis and inflammation, and dyslipidemia in CCl4-intoxicated rats. SP also reduced CCl4-induced oxidative stress by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase and glutathione content, and inhibiting lipid peroxidation products and nitric oxide levels in the rat liver. Further investigations revealed that SP counteracted CCl4-induced increased hepatic levels of Ki-67 (a parameter of cell proliferation), interleukin-6, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha and cyclooxygenase-2 messenger RNA expression. Noticeably, the supplementation of SP restored the decrease of proapoptotic p53 protein levels in the liver of rats treated with CCl4. CONCLUSIONS SP prevented liver damage in CCl4-treated rats via augmentation of antioxidant defense mechanisms and inhibition of inflammatory cytokines/mediators and antiproliferative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nema A Mohamed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A M Hashem
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abdullah M Alzahrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Heba M Abdou
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Alagawany M, Taha AE, Noreldin A, El-Tarabily KA, Abd El-Hack ME. Nutritional applications of species of Spirulina and Chlorella in farmed fish: A review. AQUACULTURE 2021; 542:736841. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Badr M, Rawash Z, Azab A, Dohreg R, Ghattas T, Fathi M. Spirulina platensis extract addition to semen extender enhances cryotolerance and fertilizing potentials of buffalo bull spermatozoa. Anim Reprod 2021; 18:e20200520. [PMID: 34373731 PMCID: PMC8340677 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2020-0520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Spirulina platensis extract (SPE) addition to the freezing extender on freezability, lipid peroxidation, ultrastructure alterations and fertilizing potentials of frozen-thawed buffalo bull spermatozoa. Semen samples were collected with artificial vagina from five adult fertile bulls and diluted with Tris-base extender containing SPE (1, 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL) or without SPE (control). Diluted semen was cooled to 4 °C throughout one hour and frozen in 0.25 mL straws: prior to being stored in liquid nitrogen. Cryopresreved spermatozoa were assessed for post-thawing sperm motility, viability, acrosomal integrity, ultrastructure changes, antioxidant activities, lipid peroxidation and fertility rate. The current results clearly indicated that adding 10μg/mL SPE to the freezing extender significantly improved (P< 0.05) post-thawing motility and decrease the percentage of acrosomal damage (51.67±6.02% and 16.33±1.46%, respectively) compared with the control (28.33±4.41% and 26.33±1.77%, respectively). Moreover, addition of 10 μg/mL SPE to the semen extender significantly diminished (P< 0.05) MDA concentration (10.66±2.40 nmol/109) compared with the control (22.66±4.26 nmol/109). Therefore, the present results revealed that addition of 10μgl/mL SPE to the freezing extender might improve semen quality and reduce cryodamage of the buffalo bull spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdy Badr
- Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer Department, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Zaher Rawash
- Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer Department, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Azab
- Pathology Department, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ragab Dohreg
- Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer Department, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Taha Ghattas
- Biology of Reproduction Department, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fathi
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Fahrion J, Mastroleo F, Dussap CG, Leys N. Use of Photobioreactors in Regenerative Life Support Systems for Human Space Exploration. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:699525. [PMID: 34276632 PMCID: PMC8281973 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.699525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are still many challenges to overcome for human space exploration beyond low Earth orbit (LEO) (e.g., to the Moon) and for long-term missions (e.g., to Mars). One of the biggest problems is the reliable air, water and food supply for the crew. Bioregenerative life support systems (BLSS) aim to overcome these challenges using bioreactors for waste treatment, air and water revitalization as well as food production. In this review we focus on the microbial photosynthetic bioprocess and photobioreactors in space, which allow removal of toxic carbon dioxide (CO2) and production of oxygen (O2) and edible biomass. This paper gives an overview of the conducted space experiments in LEO with photobioreactors and the precursor work (on ground and in space) for BLSS projects over the last 30 years. We discuss the different hardware approaches as well as the organisms tested for these bioreactors. Even though a lot of experiments showed successful biological air revitalization on ground, the transfer to the space environment is far from trivial. For example, gas-liquid transfer phenomena are different under microgravity conditions which inevitably can affect the cultivation process and the oxygen production. In this review, we also highlight the missing expertise in this research field to pave the way for future space photobioreactor development and we point to future experiments needed to master the challenge of a fully functional BLSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Fahrion
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences Group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Felice Mastroleo
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences Group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Claude-Gilles Dussap
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Natalie Leys
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences Group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
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dos Santos Madeira MSM, Lopes PAAB, Martins CF, Assunção JMP, Alfaia CMRPM, Pinto RMA, Prates JAM. Dietary Arthrospira platensis improves systemic antioxidant potential and changes plasma lipids without affecting related hepatic metabolic pathways in post-weaned piglets. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:158. [PMID: 33849543 PMCID: PMC8045302 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02869-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability of a high level of dietary Arthrospira platensis, individually or in combination with two exogenous carbohydrate-degrading enzymes (lysozyme and Rovabio®), to improve systemic antioxidant potential and hepatic lipid metabolism was tested in piglets. Forty male post-weaned piglets, sons of Large White × Landrace sows crossed with Pietrain boars, were allocated into 4 groups (n = 10) and fed during 28 days one of the following diets: 1) a control basal diet (cereal and soybean meal); 2) a basal diet with 10% of A. platensis (AP); 3) the AP diet supplemented with 0.005% of Rovabio® (AP + R); 4) the AP diet supplemented with 0.01% of lysozyme (AP + L). RESULTS Arthrospira platensis decreased BW gain of piglets, regardless the addition of feed enzymes. The majority of plasma metabolites were affected by diets. A. platensis increased total lipids, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, without changing hepatic fatty acid content or modulating, in an expressive manner, the transcriptional profile of lipid sensitive mediators. The antioxidant potential in general, and total carotenoids in particular, were improved by the microalga, regardless lysozyme or Rovabio®. CONCLUSIONS Summing up, A. platensis, individually and combined with feed enzymes, impacts negatively on piglets' growth but improves the systemic antioxidant potential and changes plasma lipids with a minor modulation on related hepatic metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sofia Morgado dos Santos Madeira
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula Alexandra Antunes Brás Lopes
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cátia Falcão Martins
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Miguel Pestana Assunção
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Maria Riscado Pereira Mateus Alfaia
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Manuel Amaro Pinto
- iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José António Mestre Prates
- CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário do Alto da Ajuda, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
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Zinc and/or Selenium Enriched Spirulina as Antioxidants in Growing Rabbit Diets to Alleviate the Deleterious Impacts of Heat Stress during Summer Season. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030756. [PMID: 33801803 PMCID: PMC8001169 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Heat stress in summer season impairs growth and causes heat-induced physiological stress in rabbits. Zinc acts as an antioxidant stress agent by inhibition of oxidation of macromolecules such as DNA as well as inhibition of inflammatory response, eventually resulting in the down-regulation of reactive oxygen species production. Selenium is a powerful biological anti-oxidant mineral. Spirulina is comparatively confined extreme protein (55–65%) and comprised all important amino acids, has wellbeing assistances, immuno-stimulatory influences and antiviral activity and ensured the capability to diminish heat stress impacts. In the current work, effects of dietary supplemental zinc and/ or selenium enriched spirulina (100 mg Zn-Sp/kg diet, 0.5 mg Se-Sp/kg diet or 100 mg Zn-Sp+ 0.5 mg Se-Sp, respectively) as antioxidants on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, plasma biochemicals and antioxidant status of New Zealand White growing rabbits under summer conditions were evaluated. The findings showed that the supplemented diets enhanced growth performance of rabbits at marketing, hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and total antioxidant capacity and reduced thio-barbituric acid reactive substances. Finally, dietary supplementation of 100 mg Zn-Sp, 0.5 mg Se-Sp or their combination could improve growth performance, nutrients digestibility and antioxidant status of heat stressed growing rabbits. Abstract Effects of dietary supplemental zinc and/ or selenium enriched spirulina (Zn-Sp, Se-Sp and Zn-Se-Sp, respectively) as antioxidants on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, plasma biochemicals and antioxidant status of growing rabbits under summer conditions were evaluated. A total of 160 New Zealand White male rabbits at six-weeks-old were randomly assigned to four groups. The first group received untreated diet (control). The other groups received diet supplemented with 100 mg Zn-Sp/kg diet, 0.5 mg Se-Sp/kg diet or 100 mg Zn-Sp+ 0.5 mg Se-Sp, respectively. The findings showed that the supplemented diets enhanced growth performance of rabbits at marketing. Rabbits fed Zn-Sp exhibited high dry and organic matter digestibilities while those fed Zn-Sp and Zn-Se-Sp diet supplemented achieved high crude protein digestibility. Rabbits fed diet supplemented with Zn-Se-Sp gave the highest hot carcass weight when competed with their counterparts. Zn-Sp and Zn-Se-Sp supplemented diets tended to promote dressing percentage. Low concentrations of plasma total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol were recorded by Se-Sp and Zn-Se-Sp groups. Rabbits fed Se-Sp, Zn-Se-Sp had the greatest HDL, plasma TAC and catalase and the lowest TBARs. Conclusively, dietary supplementation of 100 mg Zn-Sp, 0.5 mg Se-Sp or their combination could improve growth performance, nutrients digestibility and antioxidant status of heat stressed growing rabbits.
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Del Mondo A, Smerilli A, Sané E, Sansone C, Brunet C. Challenging microalgal vitamins for human health. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:201. [PMID: 33138823 PMCID: PMC7607653 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01459-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamins' deficiency in humans is an important threat worldwide and requires solutions. In the concept of natural biofactory for bioactive compounds production, microalgae represent one of the most promising targets filling many biotechnological applications, and allowing the development of an eco-sustainable production of natural bioactive metabolites. Vitamins are probably one of the cutting edges of microalgal diversity compounds. MAIN TEXT Microalgae can usefully provide many of the required vitamins in humans, more than terrestrial plants, for instance. Indeed, vitamins D and K, little present in many plants or fruits, are instead available from microalgae. The same occurs for some vitamins B (B12, B9, B6), while the other vitamins (A, C, D, E) are also provided by microalgae. This large panel of vitamins diversity in microalgal cells represents an exploitable platform in order to use them as natural vitamins' producers for human consumption. This study aims to provide an integrative overview on vitamins content in the microalgal realm, and discuss on the great potential of microalgae as sources of different forms of vitamins to be included as functional ingredients in food or nutraceuticals for the human health. We report on the biological roles of vitamins in microalgae, the current knowledge on their modulation by environmental or biological forcing and on the biological activity of the different vitamins in human metabolism and health protection. CONCLUSION Finally, we critically discuss the challenges for promoting microalgae as a relevant source of vitamins, further enhancing the interests of microalgal "biofactory" for biotechnological applications, such as in nutraceuticals or cosmeceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Del Mondo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale Di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Arianna Smerilli
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale Di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Elisabet Sané
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale Di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Clementina Sansone
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale Di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Christophe Brunet
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale Di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie marine, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
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EKÝZOÐLU HAMDI, ÜLGER ÝSMAIL, KALÝBER MAHMUT, AYAÞAN TUGAY. Effects of Spirulina (Algae) supplementation to Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) diets on growth performance and carcass traits. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v90i6.105006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of spirulina (Sipurulina platensis) (SP) supplementation to quail ration on bird live weights, change in live weight, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, carcass yield and serum biochemical parameters. A total of 220 Japanese quail chicks (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were used in experiments. There were 4 treatment groups including a control group with 55 birds in each group. Each group was divided into 5 sub-groups with 11 birds in each. Experiments were conducted for 35 days. Control group was fed with a basal ration. Treatment groups were fed with spirulina-supplemented (1, 2 and 4%) rations. Spirulina supplementations had significant effects on live weights. However, differences in live weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and carcass yields were not found to be significant. SP supplementation did not have significant effects on serum total cholesterol, glucose, protein, triglyceride and uric acid concentrations. Although different spirulina supplementations yielded similar growth performance and carcass traits with the control treatment, it can still be stated that such treatments slightly improved growth performance and carcass traits of quail.
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Abdelnour SA, Swelum AA, Salama A, Al-Ghadi MQ, Qattan SYA, Abd El-Hack ME, Khafaga AF, Alhimaidi AR, Almutairi BO, Ammari AA, El-Saadony MT. The beneficial impacts of dietary phycocyanin supplementation on growing rabbits under high ambient temperature. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1815598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sameh A. Abdelnour
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ayman A. Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ali Salama
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Muath Q. Al-Ghadi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaza Y. A. Qattan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Jeddah
| | | | - Asmaa F. Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, Egypt
| | - Ahmad R. Alhimaidi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader O. Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aiman A. Ammari
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed T. El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Potential Therapeutic Role of Dietary Supplementation with Spirulina platensis on the Erectile Function of Obese Rats Fed a Hypercaloric Diet. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3293065. [PMID: 32685091 PMCID: PMC7345966 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3293065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Spirulina platensis, an important source of bioactive compounds, is a multicellular, filamentous cyanobacterium rich in high-quality proteins, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Due to its nutrient composition, the alga is considered a complete food and is recognized for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiobesity, and reproprotective effects. All of which are important for prevention and treatment of organic and metabolic disorders such as obesity and erectile dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the modulatory role of Spirulina platensis food supplementation and the mechanisms of action involved in reversing the damage caused by a hypercaloric diet on the erectile function of rats. The animals were divided into a standard diet group (SD, n = 5); a hypercaloric diet group (HCD, n = 5); a hypercaloric diet group supplemented with S. platensis at doses of 25 (HCD+SP25, n = 5), 50 (HCD+SP50, n = 5), and 100 mg/kg (HCD+SP100, n = 5); and a hypercaloric diet group subsequently fed a standard diet (HCD+SD, n = 5). In the rats fed a hypercaloric diet, dietary supplementation with S. platensis effectively increased the number of erections while decreasing latency to initiate penile erection. Additionally, S. platensis increases NO bioavailability, reduces inflammation by reducing the release of contractile prostanoids, enhances the relaxation effect promoted by acetylcholine (ACh), restores contractile reactivity damage and cavernous relaxation, reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS), and increases cavernous total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Food supplementation with S. platensis thus restores erectile function in obese rats, reduces production of contractile prostanoids, reduces oxidative stress, and increases NO bioavailability. Food supplementation with S. platensis thus emerges as a promising new therapeutic alternative for the treatment of erectile dysfunction as induced by obesity.
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Aladaileh SH, Khafaga AF, Abd El-Hack ME, Al-Gabri NA, Abukhalil MH, Alfwuaires MA, Bin-Jumah M, Alkahtani S, Abdel-Daim MM, Aleya L, Abdelnour S. Spirulina platensis ameliorates the sub chronic toxicities of lead in rabbits via anti-oxidative, anti- inflammatory, and immune stimulatory properties. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 701:134879. [PMID: 31734488 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead acetate (Pb) is an oldest and widespread environmental toxicant that led to cumulative injury in humans and all living organisms through induction of oxidative stress. Spirulina platensis (SP) is a cyanobacteria with strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune stimulatory effects. In this study, the ameliorative effect of SP was evaluated against the dietary sub chronic lead toxicities in rabbits. A total number of 75 male New Zealand rabbits were allocated randomly into 5 groups; the first group feed on basal diet alone and served as control group, the second group feed on basal diet + 100 mg Pb /kg diet, the third, fourth, and the fifth groups feed on basal diet + 100 mg Pb /kg diet + SP (0.5, 1, or 1.5 g/kg diet; respectively), the experiment was extended for 8 weeks. Results revealed a significant improvement in some of growth parameters like final body weight and daily weight gain, blood parameters in rabbits treated with SP at level 1.5 g/kg diet followed by those receiving SP 1 g/kg diet. However, a significant decrease in blood parameters, liver function, renal parameters, lipid profiles, oxidative parameters (malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl), heart indices (creatine phosphokinase, creatine kinase-muscle/brain, lactate dehydrogenase), total Pb residues in muscles, and area percent of nuclear factor kappa b immune expression were reported in groups supplemented with different levels of SP. Pathologic analysis of liver, kidneys, and heart revealed moderate to severe degenerative and necrotic changes in Pb- exposed rabbits, which is ameliorated with supplementation of SP in different levels. Conclusively, dietary supplementation of SP at different levels attenuated the cumulative effect of lead in rabbits in dose-dependent manner; this attenuation may be attributed to its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, as well as its immune stimulant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem H Aladaileh
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan
| | - Asmaa F Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, 22758 Edfina, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Naif A Al-Gabri
- Veterinary Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar 2153, Yemen
| | - Mohammad H Abukhalil
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan
| | - Manal A Alfwuaires
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Bin-Jumah
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France.
| | - Sameh Abdelnour
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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Michalak I, Mironiuk M, Godlewska K, Trynda J, Marycz K. Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis: An effective biosorbent for nutrients. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Hajati H, Zaghari M, Oliveira HC. Arthrospira (Spirulina) Platensis Can Be Considered as a Probiotic Alternative to Reduce Heat Stress in Laying Japanese Quails. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Impacts of Enriching Growing Rabbit Diets with Chlorella vulgaris Microalgae on Growth, Blood Variables, Carcass Traits, Immunological and Antioxidant Indices. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9100788. [PMID: 31614670 PMCID: PMC6826352 DOI: 10.3390/ani9100788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to explore the effects of dietary supplementation of Chlorella vulgaris (CLV) on the growth performance, carcass traits, hematobiochemical variables, immunity responses, and the antioxidant status of growing rabbits. A total number of 100 rabbits were randomly distributed into four treatment groups, each of five replicates (25 rabbits/group). The experimental groups were as follows; control: a basal diet without supplementation, CLV0.5: basal diet + 0.5 g chlorella powder/kg diet; CLV1.0: basal diet + 1.0 g chlorella powder/kg diet, CLV1.5: basal diet + 1.5 g chlorella powder/kg diet. Live body weight (LBW), cumulative body weight gain (CBWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not affected by dietary CLV supplementation. Platelet count (PLT), hematocrit (HCT), means corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values were significantly increased in the CLV0.5 group compared with the other treatment groups. Dietary supplementation of CLV (1.5 g/kg diet) significantly reduced the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity. The concentrations of serum triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) were lower (p < 0.05) in the CLV-treated groups than those of the control. Supplemental CLV at all experimental levels gave the best values of immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM) and glutathione activities. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were lower in the animals that received CLV in their diet than those of the control group. Dietary supplementation of 1.0 g CLV/kg had the potential to enhance immune responses and antioxidant status, as well as reduce blood lipid accumulation. Therefore, it could be concluded that CLV supplementation to growing rabbit diets can improve the health status.
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Omri B, Amraoui M, Tarek A, Lucarini M, Durazzo A, Cicero N, Santini A, Kamoun M. Arthrospira Platensis (Spirulina) Supplementation on Laying Hens' Performance: Eggs Physical, Chemical, and Sensorial Qualities. Foods 2019; 8:E386. [PMID: 31480786 PMCID: PMC6770585 DOI: 10.3390/foods8090386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation of spirulina on laying hens' performances: Eggs' physical, chemical, and sensorial qualities. A total of 45 Lohman White hens, 44 weeks of age, were randomized into 3 groups of 15 birds. Hens were given 120 g/d of a basal diet containing 0% (control), 1.5%, and 2.5% of spirulina for 6 weeks. Albumen height and consequently Haugh unit were significantly affected by dietary supplementation of spirulina (p < 0.05) and by weeks on diet (p < 0.05). This supplement did not affect (p > 0.05) egg yolk weight or height. However, spirulina increased egg yolk redness (a*) from 1.33 (C) to 12.67 (D1) and 16.19 (D2) and reduced (p < 0.05) the yellowness (b*) parameter from 62.1(C) to 58.17 (D1) and 55.87 (D2). Egg yolks from hens fed spirulina were darker, more red, and less yellow in color than egg yolks from hens fed the control-diet (p < 0.0001). However, spirulina did not affect (p > 0.05) egg yolks' total cholesterol concentration. In conclusion, a significant enhancement of egg yolk color was found in response to spirulina supplementation. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the impact of spirulina on egg yolks' fatty acids profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Besma Omri
- Laboratory of improvement and integrated development of animal productivity and food resources, Department of animal production, Higher School of Agriculture of Mateur, University of Carthage, Carthage Avenue de la République, P.O. Box 77, Amilcar, Tunis 1054, Tunisia.
| | - Marwen Amraoui
- Laboratory of improvement and integrated development of animal productivity and food resources, Department of animal production, Higher School of Agriculture of Mateur, University of Carthage, Carthage Avenue de la République, P.O. Box 77, Amilcar, Tunis 1054, Tunisia
| | - Arbi Tarek
- Laboratory of improvement and integrated development of animal productivity and food resources, Department of animal production, Higher School of Agriculture of Mateur, University of Carthage, Carthage Avenue de la République, P.O. Box 77, Amilcar, Tunis 1054, Tunisia
| | - Massimo Lucarini
- CREA- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Durazzo
- CREA- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Dipartimento di Scienze biomediche, odontoiatriche e delle immagini morfologiche e funzionali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Polo Universitario Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49-80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Mounir Kamoun
- Laboratory of improvement and integrated development of animal productivity and food resources, Department of animal production, Higher School of Agriculture of Mateur, University of Carthage, Carthage Avenue de la République, P.O. Box 77, Amilcar, Tunis 1054, Tunisia
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Le Mire G, Siah A, Marolleau B, Gaucher M, Maumené C, Brostaux Y, Massart S, Brisset MN, Jijakli MH. Evaluation of λ-Carrageenan, CpG-ODN, Glycine Betaine, Spirulina platensis, and Ergosterol as Elicitors for Control of Zymoseptoria tritici in Wheat. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2019; 109:409-417. [PMID: 30161014 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-17-0367-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Wheat crops are constantly challenged by the pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici, responsible for Septoria tritici Blotch (STB) disease. The present study reports the evaluation of five elicitor compounds (λ-carrageenan, cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodesoxynucleotide motifs [CpG ODN], glycine betaine, Spirulina platensis, and ergosterol) for the protection of wheat against STB in order to offer new alternative tools to farmers for sustainable crop protection. Screening of elicitors of wheat defenses was carried out through a succession of experiments: biocidal in vitro tests enabled checking for any fungicidal activities, glasshouse experiments allowed determination of the efficacy of a given compound in protecting wheat against STB, and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction biomolecular tests investigated the relative expression of 23 defense genes in treated versus untreated plants. Therefore, we demonstrated that λ-carrageenan, CpG-ODN, glycine betaine, S. platensis, and ergosterol are potential elicitors of wheat defenses. Foliar treatment with these compounds conferred protection of wheat by up to approximately 70% against Z. tritici under semicontrolled conditions and induced both salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-dependent signaling pathways in the plant. These findings contribute to extending the narrow list of potential elicitors of wheat defenses against Z. tritici.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Le Mire
- 1 Université de Liège, Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech, Centre de recherche TERRA, Laboratoire de phytopathologie intégrée et urbaine, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgique
| | - Ali Siah
- 2 Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture (ISA) Lille, Institut de recherche Charles Violette (EA 7394), 48 Boulevard Vauban, F-59046 Lille cedex, France
| | - Brice Marolleau
- 3 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), INRA Angers, Equipe ResPOM, 42 rue Georges Morel, F-49071 Beaucouzé cedex, France
| | - Matthieu Gaucher
- 3 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), INRA Angers, Equipe ResPOM, 42 rue Georges Morel, F-49071 Beaucouzé cedex, France
| | - Claude Maumené
- 4 Arvalis-Institut du Végétal, Station expérimentale, 91720 Boigneville, France; and
| | - Yves Brostaux
- 5 Université de Liège, Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech, Centre de recherche TERRA, Statistiques, Informatiques et Mathématiques appliqués à la bioingénierie
| | - Sebastien Massart
- 1 Université de Liège, Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech, Centre de recherche TERRA, Laboratoire de phytopathologie intégrée et urbaine, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgique
| | - Marie-Noëlle Brisset
- 3 Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), INRA Angers, Equipe ResPOM, 42 rue Georges Morel, F-49071 Beaucouzé cedex, France
| | - M Haissam Jijakli
- 1 Université de Liège, Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech, Centre de recherche TERRA, Laboratoire de phytopathologie intégrée et urbaine, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgique
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El-Ratel IT, Gabr AAW. Effect of Spirulina and Vitamin E on Reproduction and in vitro Embryo Production in Heat-stressed Rabbits. Pak J Biol Sci 2019; 22:545-553. [PMID: 31930833 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2019.545.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE High ambient temperature can cause heat stress and evokes a combination of change in blood biochemicals and reproduction of rabbit. This study targeted to investigate the effect of Spirulina platensis, vitamin E and their combination on in vivo and in vitro reproductive performance and some physiological and health indicators of heat stressed rabbit does. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nili-parous rabbit does (n = 80) were allocated to 4 groups. Does in the 1st group were fed commercial complete feed diet, while those in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th were fed complete feed diet with Spirulina platensis (300 mg kg-1), vitamin E (100 mg kg-1 diet) and Spirulina platensis+vitamin E kg-1 diet, respectively. All does were naturally mated with fertile bucks (5 bucks/group). RESULTS The does in the 2nd group showed significantly (p<0.05) better reproductive performance (conception rate, kindling rate and litter size), lipid profile (total lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, high and low density lipoproteins, antioxidant capacity (total antioxidant capacity, glutathione, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase), immunity (lysozyme, IgG and IgM), ovulatory response (corpora lutea number and ovulation rate), embryo quality and hatched blastocysts production with higher cell number and inner cell mass as compared to other groups. CONCLUSION Dietary supplementation with Spirulina platensis (300 mg kg-1 diet), in comparing with vitamin E (100 mg kg-1 diet) or their combination at the same levels, had positive impact on reproductive performance of rabbit does used in breeding program under heat stress condition in Egypt.
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Mirzaie S, Zirak-Khattab F, Hosseini SA, Donyaei-Darian H. Effects of dietary Spirulina on antioxidant status, lipid profile, immune response and performance characteristics of broiler chickens reared under high ambient temperature. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018; 31:556-563. [PMID: 28920419 PMCID: PMC5838328 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spirulina has been recognized formerly as a filamentous spiral-shaped blue-green algae but more recently as a genus of photosynthetic bacteria (Arthrospira). This microorganism is considered as a rich source of essential nutrients for human and animals. The present study was conducted to determine potential application of Spirulina for heat-exposed broilers. METHODS Two hundred and fifty Cobb 500 chicks with male to female in equal ratio with average initial weight of 615.6 g at 17 days of age were divided into 5 treatments with 5 replicates of 10 chicks. Treatment groups were as follows: positive and negative controls with 0% Spirulina supplement and three Spirulina receiving groups with 5 g/kg (0.5%), 10 g/kg (1%), and 20 g/kg (2%) supplementation. Spirulina receiving groups as well as positive control were exposed to high ambient temperature at 36°C for 6 h/d from 38 to 44 days of age. Biochemical variables were measured in serum samples at 35, 38, 42, and 45 days of broiler chickens age. RESULTS The results showed that supplementation of the diet with Spirulina decreased concentration of stress hormone and some serum lipid parameters while enhanced humoral immunity response and elevated antioxidant status whereas it didn't meaningfully affect performance characteristics. Nevertheless, feed conversion ratio was improved numerically but not statistically in broilers fed with 1% Spirulina under high ambient temperature. CONCLUSION Overall, the present study suggests that alleviation of adverse impacts due to high ambient temperature at biochemical level including impaired enzymatic antioxidant system, elevated stress hormone and lipid profile can be approached in broiler chickens through supplementation of the diet with Spirulina platensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mirzaie
- Department of Agriculture, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran 3313193685, Iran
| | - Fahim Zirak-Khattab
- Department of Agriculture, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran 3313193685, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdollah Hosseini
- Department of Nutrition and Physiology, Animal Science Research Institute, Alborz 2146618261, Iran
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