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Oliveira INND, Macedo-Silva A, Coutinho-Cruz L, Sanchez-Almeida J, Tavares MPS, Majerowicz D. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic syndrome parameters in patients with obesity or diabetes in Brazil, Europe, and the United States: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 243:106582. [PMID: 38992391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Plasma 25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels appear reduced in patients with obesity or type 2 diabetes, as reported in several observational studies. However, the association between these reduced hormone levels and metabolic parameters is unclear. In any case, vitamin D supplementation in patients with Metabolic Syndrome is standard. Still, the impacts of this supplementation on conditions such as glycemia, blood pressure, and lipidemia are debatable. Based on this question, we carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials in Brazil, Europe, and the United States that analyzed the effects of vitamin D supplementation on Metabolic Syndrome parameters in patients with obesity or type 2 diabetes. Our search yielded 519 articles and included 12 randomized controlled trials in the meta-analysis. Vitamin D supplementation had no effect on any of the outcomes analyzed (fasting blood glucose and insulinemia, glycated hemoglobin, HOMA index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, weight, waist circumference, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL, and triglycerides). However, subgroup analyses indicated that using vitamin D up to 2000 IU daily reduced participants' fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin. Furthermore, the intervention reduced diastolic blood pressure only in participants with vitamin D deficiency. At least two studies showed a high risk of bias using the Rob2 protocol. According to the GRADE protocol, the evidence quality varied from moderate to very low. These results indicate that vitamin D supplementation does not improve patients' metabolic parameters and that the association between plasma 25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels and Metabolic Syndrome may not be causal but caused by other confounding characteristics. However, in any case, the quality of evidence is still low, and more randomized clinical trials are essential to clarify these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessa Macedo-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - David Majerowicz
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Park CY, Shin S, Han SN. Multifaceted Roles of Vitamin D for Diabetes: From Immunomodulatory Functions to Metabolic Regulations. Nutrients 2024; 16:3185. [PMID: 39339785 PMCID: PMC11435169 DOI: 10.3390/nu16183185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Revised: 09/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have established associations between vitamin D and diabetes. The vitamin D receptor is widely distributed throughout the human body, including in pancreatic beta cells (β-cells), hepatocytes, and immune cells. Therefore, vitamin D's effect on the risk, progression, or complications of diabetes may be mediated through various mechanisms. These include the regulation of insulin secretion or sensitivity and modulation of β-cell function and its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. This review extensively explores the relationship between vitamin D status and diabetes, as well as the preventive or therapeutic effects of vitamin D supplementation on diabetes from human studies. Additionally, it examines in detail the impact of vitamin D on immune and inflammatory responses in the diabetic milieux and β-cell function to better understand the underlying mechanisms through which vitamin D influences diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Yoon Park
- Department of Food & Nutrition, College of Life Care Science Technology, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong-si 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhye Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Nim Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Chen Y, Zhang H, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Liu L, Jia Q, Wang Y, Kong Y. Association between cardiovascular health and serum vitamin D and its interaction with prediabetes and diabetes. Am J Med Sci 2024:S0002-9629(24)01414-9. [PMID: 39186977 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2024.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prediabetes and diabetes are common and serious public health problems, and high blood glucose can lead to serious cardiovascular complications. The purpose of this article was to explore the link between CVH levels and the incidence of prediabetes and diabetes in people over 20 years old, and whether serum vitamin D status could alter this relationship. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data, from six consecutive cycles of the NHANES database from 2007 to 2018 were combined, eligible participants were aged ≥20 years. After excluding missing data, a total of 19,992 subjects were enrolled in the study. Significant risk factors for prediabetes and diabetes were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Exploring the interaction of VD and CVH on prediabetes and diabetes based on multifactorial regression analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of prediabetes among all participants was 36.15% and the prevalence of diabetes was 16.39%. CVH and vitamin D levels are influential factors in prediabetes and diabetes, and are negatively associated with the risk of developing prediabetes and diabetes. Compared with normoglycemia, poorer CVH and vitamin D deficiency only had a synergistic multiplicative interaction on the development of diabetes, and no significant interaction was observed for the development of prediabetes. Compared with prediabetes, poorer CVH and vitamin D deficiency still had a synergistic additive interaction on the development of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Although the cross-sectional study only determine the association and do not prove causality, the current results can be used to prompt people to improve their lifestyle and risk factors to prevent prediabetes or diabetes through higher CVH and adequate Vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Haiyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yanbing Pan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yanzi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yuxuan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Qiuting Jia
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yongle Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yihui Kong
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Xu R, Shao X, Qiao H, Yan H, Xue Y. Research trends in the relationship between vitamin D and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 20-year bibliometric and visualization analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1421953. [PMID: 39193371 PMCID: PMC11347281 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1421953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vitamin D has a significant correlation with type 2 diabetes. Insufficient levels of vitamin D can cause insulin resistance, which impairs the ability of cells to respond to insulin and worsens the progression of diseases. Furthermore, vitamin D has the potential to enhance the release of insulin, enhance the regulation of blood sugar levels, and reduce the glycemic index. Research has indicated that insufficient levels of vitamin D may elevate the likelihood of experiencing complications related to type 2 diabetes, including cardiovascular disease and neuropathy. This study employed bibliometric analysis to investigate recent advancements in research about the relationship between vitamin D and type 2 diabetes. Methods We searched for articles on the topic of vitamin D and type 2 diabetes published between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2023. The search was performed on February 20, 2024, using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Utilizing VOSviewer and CiteSpace, we conducted bibliometric analysis and visualization. Results A comprehensive study was conducted on a total of 1362 papers pertaining to the relationship between vitamin D and type 2 diabetes. The United States had the biggest number of publications and the highest effect among these articles. Within the top 10 most published journals, the journal "DIABETES CARE" has the highest H-index, indicating its significant influence in this field of study. Currently, there is an extensive body of research on the supplementation of vitamin D for the improvement of type 2 diabetes and prevention of complications in type 2 diabetes, as well as its related mechanisms. Research related to bone turnover and peripheral neuropathy represents a promising area for future studies. Conclusion Overall, bibliometrics may assist researchers in comprehending the trajectory, significant themes, and scholarly influence of the field concerning vitamin D and type 2 diabetes. This, in turn, offers substantial backing for future studies that delve further into the subject matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuejing Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huibo Qiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Han Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Demay MB, Pittas AG, Bikle DD, Diab DL, Kiely ME, Lazaretti-Castro M, Lips P, Mitchell DM, Murad MH, Powers S, Rao SD, Scragg R, Tayek JA, Valent AM, Walsh JME, McCartney CR. Vitamin D for the Prevention of Disease: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:1907-1947. [PMID: 38828931 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies demonstrate associations between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and a variety of common disorders, including musculoskeletal, metabolic, cardiovascular, malignant, autoimmune, and infectious diseases. Although a causal link between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and many disorders has not been clearly established, these associations have led to widespread supplementation with vitamin D and increased laboratory testing for 25(OH)D in the general population. The benefit-risk ratio of this increase in vitamin D use is not clear, and the optimal vitamin D intake and the role of testing for 25(OH)D for disease prevention remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE To develop clinical guidelines for the use of vitamin D (cholecalciferol [vitamin D3] or ergocalciferol [vitamin D2]) to lower the risk of disease in individuals without established indications for vitamin D treatment or 25(OH)D testing. METHODS A multidisciplinary panel of clinical experts, along with experts in guideline methodology and systematic literature review, identified and prioritized 14 clinically relevant questions related to the use of vitamin D and 25(OH)D testing to lower the risk of disease. The panel prioritized randomized placebo-controlled trials in general populations (without an established indication for vitamin D treatment or 25[OH]D testing), evaluating the effects of empiric vitamin D administration throughout the lifespan, as well as in select conditions (pregnancy and prediabetes). The panel defined "empiric supplementation" as vitamin D intake that (a) exceeds the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) and (b) is implemented without testing for 25(OH)D. Systematic reviews queried electronic databases for publications related to these 14 clinical questions. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology was used to assess the certainty of evidence and guide recommendations. The approach incorporated perspectives from a patient representative and considered patient values, costs and resources required, acceptability and feasibility, and impact on health equity of the proposed recommendations. The process to develop this clinical guideline did not use a risk assessment framework and was not designed to replace current DRI for vitamin D. RESULTS The panel suggests empiric vitamin D supplementation for children and adolescents aged 1 to 18 years to prevent nutritional rickets and because of its potential to lower the risk of respiratory tract infections; for those aged 75 years and older because of its potential to lower the risk of mortality; for those who are pregnant because of its potential to lower the risk of preeclampsia, intra-uterine mortality, preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age birth, and neonatal mortality; and for those with high-risk prediabetes because of its potential to reduce progression to diabetes. Because the vitamin D doses in the included clinical trials varied considerably and many trial participants were allowed to continue their own vitamin D-containing supplements, the optimal doses for empiric vitamin D supplementation remain unclear for the populations considered. For nonpregnant people older than 50 years for whom vitamin D is indicated, the panel suggests supplementation via daily administration of vitamin D, rather than intermittent use of high doses. The panel suggests against empiric vitamin D supplementation above the current DRI to lower the risk of disease in healthy adults younger than 75 years. No clinical trial evidence was found to support routine screening for 25(OH)D in the general population, nor in those with obesity or dark complexion, and there was no clear evidence defining the optimal target level of 25(OH)D required for disease prevention in the populations considered; thus, the panel suggests against routine 25(OH)D testing in all populations considered. The panel judged that, in most situations, empiric vitamin D supplementation is inexpensive, feasible, acceptable to both healthy individuals and health care professionals, and has no negative effect on health equity. CONCLUSION The panel suggests empiric vitamin D for those aged 1 to 18 years and adults over 75 years of age, those who are pregnant, and those with high-risk prediabetes. Due to the scarcity of natural food sources rich in vitamin D, empiric supplementation can be achieved through a combination of fortified foods and supplements that contain vitamin D. Based on the absence of supportive clinical trial evidence, the panel suggests against routine 25(OH)D testing in the absence of established indications. These recommendations are not meant to replace the current DRIs for vitamin D, nor do they apply to people with established indications for vitamin D treatment or 25(OH)D testing. Further research is needed to determine optimal 25(OH)D levels for specific health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie B Demay
- Department of Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Anastassios G Pittas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Daniel D Bikle
- Departments of Medicine and Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Dima L Diab
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Mairead E Kiely
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences and INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, T12 Y337, Ireland
| | - Marise Lazaretti-Castro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 04220-00, Brazil
| | - Paul Lips
- Endocrine Section, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Internal Medicine, 1007 MB Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Deborah M Mitchell
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - M Hassan Murad
- Evidence-Based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Shelley Powers
- Bone Health and Osteoporosis Foundation, Los Gatos, CA 95032, USA
| | - Sudhaker D Rao
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone & Mineral Disorders, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Robert Scragg
- School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - John A Tayek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509, USA
- The Lundquist Institute, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Amy M Valent
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Judith M E Walsh
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Christopher R McCartney
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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Shah VP, Nayfeh T, Alsawaf Y, Saadi S, Farah M, Zhu Y, Firwana M, Seisa M, Wang Z, Scragg R, Kiely ME, Lips P, Mitchell DM, Demay MB, Pittas AG, Murad MH. A Systematic Review Supporting the Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guidelines on Vitamin D. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:1961-1974. [PMID: 38828942 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Low vitamin D status is common and is associated with various common medical conditions. OBJECTIVE To support the development of the Endocrine Society's Clinical Practice Guideline on Vitamin D for the Prevention of Disease. METHODS We searched multiple databases for studies that addressed 14 clinical questions prioritized by the guideline panel. Of the 14 questions, 10 clinical questions assessed the effect of vitamin D vs no vitamin D in the general population throughout the lifespan, during pregnancy, and in adults with prediabetes; 1 question assessed dosing; and 3 questions addressed screening with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach was used to assess certainty of evidence. RESULTS Electronic searches yielded 37 007 citations, from which we included 151 studies. In children and adolescents, low-certainty evidence suggested reduction in respiratory tract infections with empiric vitamin D. There was no significant effect on select outcomes in healthy adults aged 19 to 74 years with variable certainty of evidence. There was a very small reduction in mortality among adults older than 75 years with high certainty of evidence. In pregnant women, low-certainty evidence suggested possible benefit on various maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. In adults with prediabetes, moderate certainty of evidence suggested reduction in the rate of progression to diabetes. Administration of high-dose intermittent vitamin D may increase falls, compared to lower-dose daily dosing. We did not identify trials on the benefits and harms of screening with serum 25(OH)D. CONCLUSION The evidence summarized in this systematic review addresses the benefits and harms of vitamin D for the prevention of disease. The guideline panel considered additional information about individuals' and providers' values and preferences and other important decisional and contextual factors to develop clinical recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tarek Nayfeh
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yahya Alsawaf
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Samer Saadi
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Magdoleen Farah
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ye Zhu
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Mohammed Firwana
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Mohamed Seisa
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Zhen Wang
- Mayo Clinic Evidence-Based Practice Center, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Robert Scragg
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Mairead E Kiely
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences and INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork T12 Y337, Ireland
| | - Paul Lips
- Internal Medicine, Endocrine Section, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1007 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Deborah M Mitchell
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Marie B Demay
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Anastassios G Pittas
- Divisions of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02116, USA
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Xiang Q, Xu H, Liu Y, Huang W. Elevated TyG index is associated with increased risk of vitamin D deficiency among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16098. [PMID: 38997409 PMCID: PMC11245603 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance (IR). We aimed to investigate the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index that represents IR and VDD in elderly patients with T2DM. We enrolled 572 elderly participants with T2DM in this study. TyG index was calculated as ln [fasting triglyceride (TG, mg/dL) × fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level below 50 nmol/L was defined as VDD. The association between the TyG index and the VDD risk was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. We observed a significant decreased 25(OH)D level with the increase of the TyG index in elderly diabetic patients, and a negative correlation between the TyG index and 25(OH)D level. The participants in the highest TyG quartile had a 2.40-fold higher risk of VDD than those in the lowest TyG index quartile [OR 2.40; 95% CI 1.47-3.92; P < 0.001]. The association persisted after adjustments for age, sex, smoking, obesity, insulin therapy, hypoglycemic agents' medication, and some biochemical parameters. TyG index may be involved in the pathophysiology of VDD, which could be a predictor for VDD in elderly diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunyan Xiang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Institute of Aging and Age-Related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Hu Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Youshou Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Institute of Aging and Age-Related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Wu Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
- Institute of Aging and Age-Related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Hanning ARZ, Hassanabad MF, Hashemi Z, Wang X, Chan CB. Low-fat cheese ameliorates glucose intolerance and normalizes insulin secretion in a rat model of type 2 diabetes by promoting β-cell recovery. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 102:422-428. [PMID: 38669698 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2023-0447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to determine if cheese could reduce glucose intolerance in aged rats with overt type 2 diabetes (T2D). Male Sprague-Dawley rats treated with high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) to elicit T2D were hyperglycemic. One week after STZ injection, low-fat (LOW) or regular-fat (REG) cheese was provided for 5 weeks and compared with T2D and low-fat diet reference (REF) groups. Food intake and weight gain were similar in all groups. Oral glucose tolerance tests revealed glucose intolerance in T2D rats that was partially ameliorated by LOW but not REG. Insulin secretion during the oral glucose tolerance test was impaired in T2D and REG at 10 min (p < 0.05) but the iAUC was highly variable in all groups and statistical differences were not detected (p > 0.05). β-cell mass and pancreatic insulin content in T2D and REG were 50% lower than REF (p < 0.05), whereas LOW was not significantly different. Although isolated islets from all groups responded to glucose, the absolute amount of insulin secreted by T2D and REG was markedly reduced compared with REF, while LOW islets had relatively normal secretion. In conclusion, LOW but not REG cheese enhanced β-cell recovery from HFD/STZ treatment that led to amelioration of glucose tolerance within 5 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anik R Z Hanning
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | | | - Zohre Hashemi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Catherine B Chan
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
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Moura SSD, de Menezes-Júnior LAA, Rocha AMS, Batista AP, Sabião TDS, de Menezes MC, Machado-Coelho GLL, Carraro JCC, Meireles AL. Vitamin D deficiency and VDR gene polymorphism FokI (rs2228570) are associated with diabetes mellitus in adults: COVID-inconfidentes study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:118. [PMID: 38812030 PMCID: PMC11137993 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01328-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a chronic and multifactorial condition, including environmental risk factors such as lifestyle habits and genetic conditions. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the association of VDR gene polymorphism (rs2228570) FokI and vitamin D levels with diabetes in adults. METHODS Cross-sectional population-based study in adults, conducted from October to December 2020 in two Brazilian cities. The outcome variable was diabetes, defined as glycated hemoglobin ≥ 6.5% or self-report medical diagnosis or use of oral hypoglycemic drugs. Vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) was measured by indirect electrochemiluminescence, and classified as deficiency when 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL. All participants were genotyped for VDR FokI polymorphism by qPCR and classified as homozygous mutant (ff or GG), heterozygous (Ff or AG), or homozygous wild (FF or AA). A combined analysis between the FokI polymorphism and vitamin D levels with diabetes was also examined. A directed acyclic graph (DAG) was used to select minimal and sufficient adjustment for confounding variables by the backdoor criterion. RESULTS The prevalence of DM was 9.4% and vitamin D deficiency (VDD) was 19.9%. The genotype distribution of FokI polymorphism was 9.9% FF, 44.8% Ff, and 45.3% ff. It was possible to verify a positive association between vitamin D deficiency and DM (OR = 2.19; 95% CI: 1.06-4.50). Individuals with the altered allele (ff) had a 1.78 higher prevalence of DM (OR: 1.78; 95% CI; 1.10-2.87). Combined analyses, individuals with vitamin D deficiency and one or two copies of the altered FokI allele had a higher prevalence of DM (Ff + ff: OR: 1.67; 95% CI; 1.07-2.61; ff: OR: 3.60; 95% CI; 1.40-9.25). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that vitamin D deficiency and FokI polymorphism are associated with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samara Silva de Moura
- School of Nutrition, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400- 000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Epidemiology Laboratory, Medical School, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antônio Alves de Menezes-Júnior
- School of Nutrition, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400- 000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Epidemiology Laboratory, Medical School, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Sampaio Rocha
- Epidemiology Laboratory, Medical School, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aline Priscila Batista
- School of Nutrition, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400- 000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thaís da Silva Sabião
- School of Nutrition, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400- 000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Epidemiology Laboratory, Medical School, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana Carvalho de Menezes
- Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), School of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400- 000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - George Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho
- School of Nutrition, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400- 000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Epidemiology Laboratory, Medical School, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Júlia Cristina Cardoso Carraro
- Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), School of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400- 000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adriana Lúcia Meireles
- Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), School of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, 35400- 000, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- , R. Diogo de Vasconcelos, 122, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
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10
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Cristelo C, Sá AF, Lúcio M, Sarmento B, Gama FM. Vitamin D loaded into lipid nanoparticles shows insulinotropic effect in INS-1E cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 196:106758. [PMID: 38570054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests a beneficial role of vitamin D (VitD) supplementation in addressing the widespread VitD deficiency, but currently used VitD3 formulations present low bioavailability and toxicity constrains. Hence, poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs), solid-lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were investigated to circumvent these issues. PLGA NPs prepared by emulsification or nanoprecipitation presented 74 or 200 nm, and association efficiency (AE) of 68 % and 17 %, respectively, and a rapid burst release of VitD3. Both SLN and NLCs presented higher polydispersity and larger NPs size, around 500 nm, which could be reduced to around 200 nm by use of hot high-pressure homogenization in the case of NLCs. VitD3 was efficiently loaded in both SLNs and NLCs with an AE of 82 and 99 %, respectively. While SLNs showed burst release, NLCs allowed a sustained release of VitD3 for nearly one month. Furthermore, NLCs showed high stability with maintenance of VitD3 loading for up to one month at 4 °C and no cytotoxic effects on INS-1E cells up to 72 h. A trending increase (around 30 %) on glucose-dependent insulin secretion was observed by INS-1E cells pre-treated with VitD3. This effect was consistently observed in the free form and after loading on NLCs. Overall, this work contributed to further elucidation on a suitable delivery system for VitD3 and on the effects of this metabolite on β cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Cristelo
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Filipa Sá
- Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Marlene Lúcio
- CF-UM-UP, Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal; CBMA, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; IUCS-CESPU, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Miguel Gama
- Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.
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11
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Vagha K, Taksande A, Lohiya S, Javvaji CK, Vagha JD, Uke P. Unlocking Vitality: A Comprehensive Review of Vitamin D's Impact on Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Children. Cureus 2024; 16:e60840. [PMID: 38910623 PMCID: PMC11191411 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted role of vitamin D (VD) in critically ill children, examining its implications for clinical outcomes. Although this substance has long been known for its function in maintaining bone health, it is now becoming more widely known for its extensive physiological effects, which include immune system and inflammation regulation. Observational research consistently associates VD levels with outcomes like duration of hospitalization, mortality, and illness severity in critically ill pediatric patients. Mechanistically, it exerts anti-inflammatory and endothelial protective effects while modulating the renin-angiotensin system. Increasing VD levels through supplementation presents promise as a therapeutic strategy; however, further research is necessary to elucidate optimal dosage regimens and safety profiles. This review emphasizes the significance of comprehending the intricate relationship between VD and critical illnesses among pediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keta Vagha
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Amar Taksande
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sham Lohiya
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Chaitanya Kumar Javvaji
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Jayant D Vagha
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Punam Uke
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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12
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Fu Y, Lu M, Zhang K, Sun Y, Tan X, Wang N, Xu F, Jiang B, Lu Y, Wang B. Vitamin D status, vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, and risk of type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024:dgae221. [PMID: 38571313 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Vitamin D status has been associated with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but evidence is scarce regarding whether such relation differs by glycemic status. OBJECTIVE To prospectively investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and risk of incident T2D across the glycemic spectrum and the modification effect of genetic variants in vitamin D receptor (VDR). METHODS This prospective study included 379,699 participants without T2D at baseline from the UK Biobank. Analyses were performed according to glycemic status and HbA1c levels. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. RESULTS During a median of 14.1 years of follow-up, 6,315 participants with normoglycemia and 9,085 prediabetes patients developed T2D. Compared to individuals with 25(OH)D <25 nmol/L, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) of incident T2D for those with 25(OH)D ≥75 nmol/L was 0.62 (0.56, 0.70) among the normoglycemia and 0.64 (0.58, 0.70) among the prediabetes. A significant interaction was observed between 25(OH)D and VDR polymorphisms among participants with prediabetes (Pinteraction=0.017), whereby the reduced HR of T2D associated with higher 25(OH)D was more prominent in those carrying T allele of rs1544410. Triglycerides levels mediated 26% and 34% of the association between serum 25(OH)D and incident T2D among participants with normoglycemia and prediabetes. CONCLUSIONS Higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with lower T2D risk across the glycemic spectrum below the threshold for diabetes, and the relations in prediabetes were modified by VDR polymorphisms. Improving lipid profile, mainly triglycerides, accounted for part of the favorable associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Fu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Lu
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Xu
- iHuman Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Boren Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingli Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Sivapiromrat AK, Hunt WR, Alvarez JA, Ziegler TR, Tangpricha V. Vitamin D for glycemic control following an acute pulmonary exacerbation: A secondary analysis of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in adults with cystic fibrosis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.04.24300862. [PMID: 38343807 PMCID: PMC10854353 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.04.24300862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) often incur damage to pancreatic tissue due to a dysfunctional cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, leading to altered chloride transport on epithelial surfaces and subsequent development of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD). Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the development of CFRD. This was a secondary analysis of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study in adults with CF hospitalized for an acute pulmonary exacerbation (APE), known as the Vitamin D for the Immune System in Cystic Fibrosis (DISC) trial (NCT01426256). This was a pre-planned secondary analysis to examine if a high-dose bolus of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) can mitigate declined glucose tolerance commonly associated with an acute pulmonary exacerbation (APE). Glycemic control was assessed by hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose levels before and 12 months after the study intervention. Within 72 hours of hospital admission, participants were randomly assigned to a single dose of oral vitamin D3 (250,000 IU) or placebo, and subsequently, received 50,000 IU of vitamin D3 or placebo every other week, beginning at month 3 and ending on month 12. Forty-nine of the 91 participants in the parent study were eligible for the secondary analysis. There were no differences in 12-month changes in HbA1c or fasting blood glucose in participants randomized to vitamin D or placebo. A high-dose bolus of vitamin D3 followed by maintenance vitamin D3 supplementation did not improve glycemic control in patients with CF after an APE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa K. Sivapiromrat
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - William R. Hunt
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica A. Alvarez
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas R. Ziegler
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Vin Tangpricha
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
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Argano C, Mirarchi L, Amodeo S, Orlando V, Torres A, Corrao S. The Role of Vitamin D and Its Molecular Bases in Insulin Resistance, Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiovascular Disease: State of the Art. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15485. [PMID: 37895163 PMCID: PMC10607188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, an increasing awareness was directed to the role of Vitamin D in non-skeletal and preventive roles for chronic diseases. Vitamin D is an essential hormone in regulating calcium/phosphorous balance and in the pathogenesis of inflammation, insulin resistance, and obesity. The main forms of vitamin D, Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) and Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2) are converted into the active form (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) thanks to two hydroxylations in the liver, kidney, pancreas, and immune cells. Some anti-inflammatory cytokines are produced at higher levels by vitamin D, while some pro-inflammatory cytokines are released at lower levels. Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) expression is increased, and a pro-inflammatory state is also linked to low levels of vitamin D. Regardless of how it affects inflammation, various pathways suggest that vitamin D directly improves insulin sensitivity and secretion. The level of vitamin D in the body may change the ratio of pro- to anti-inflammatory cytokines, which would impact insulin action, lipid metabolism, and the development and function of adipose tissue. Many studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship between vitamin D concentrations and pro-inflammatory markers, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. It is interesting to note that several long-term studies also revealed an inverse correlation between vitamin D levels and the occurrence of diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D supplementation in people has controversial effects. While some studies demonstrated improvements in insulin sensitivity, glucose, and lipid metabolism, others revealed no significant effect on glycemic homeostasis and inflammation. This review aims to provide insight into the molecular basis of the relationship between vitamin D, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, type 1 and 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiano Argano
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (S.A.); (V.O.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Luigi Mirarchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (S.A.); (V.O.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Simona Amodeo
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (S.A.); (V.O.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Valentina Orlando
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (S.A.); (V.O.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Alessandra Torres
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (S.A.); (V.O.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Salvatore Corrao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.M.); (S.A.); (V.O.); (A.T.); (S.C.)
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, [PROMISE], University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Je M, Kang K, Yoo JI, Kim Y. The Influences of Macronutrients on Bone Mineral Density, Bone Turnover Markers, and Fracture Risk in Elderly People: A Review of Human Studies. Nutrients 2023; 15:4386. [PMID: 37892460 PMCID: PMC10610213 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a health condition that involves weak bone mass and a deteriorated microstructure, which consequently lead to an increased risk of bone fractures with age. In elderly people, a fracture attributable to osteoporosis elevates mortality. The objective of this review was to examine the effects of macronutrients on bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers (BTMs), and bone fracture in elderly people based on human studies. A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed®/MEDLINE® database. We included human studies published up to April 2023 that investigated the association between macronutrient intake and bone health outcomes. A total of 11 meta-analyses and 127 individual human studies were included after screening the records. Carbohydrate consumption seemed to have neutral effects on bone fracture in limited studies, but human studies on carbohydrates' effects on BMD or/and BTMs are needed. The human studies analyzed herein did not clearly show whether the intake of animal, vegetable, soy, or milk basic proteins has beneficial effects on bone health due to inconsistent results. Moreover, several individual human studies indicated an association between eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and osteocalcin. Further studies are required to draw a clear association between macronutrients and bone health in elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyung Je
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (M.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Kyeonghoon Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (M.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Jun-Il Yoo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Inha University Hospital, 27 Inhang-Ro, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yoona Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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16
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Vigna L, Speciani MC, Tirelli AS, Bravi F, La Vecchia C, Conte C, Gori F. Vitamin D and Metabolic Syndrome in Working Age Subjects from an Obesity Clinic. Nutrients 2023; 15:4354. [PMID: 37892428 PMCID: PMC10609594 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum vitamin D (VitD) levels have been inversely related with metabolic syndrome (MetS), although the direct impact of VitD is still debated. This study examined 879 subjects of working age from an obesity and occupational clinic in Milan, Italy. Among these participants, 316 had MetS, while 563 did not. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MetS in relation to serum VitD levels. After controlling for age, sex, leisure time physical activity, and body mass index (BMI), individuals with VitD levels between 20 and 29.9 ng/dL, or at least 30 ng/dL, had approximately half the risk of developing MetS (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.32-0.86 and OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.25-0.99, respectively) compared to those with VitD levels below 10 ng/dL. This study presents further evidence of the beneficial effect of adequate VitD levels on the risk of MetS in a population of overweight/obese workers, even after adjusting for BMI. This study supports the importance of testing for and-if required-supplementing VitD in individuals with metabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisella Vigna
- Centro Obesità e Lavoro, Unità di Salute Occupazionale, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Michela Carola Speciani
- Laboratorio di Statistica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Biometria ed Epidemiologia “G.A. Maccacaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.C.S.); (F.B.); (C.L.V.)
| | - Amedea Silvia Tirelli
- Centro Obesità e Lavoro, Unità di Salute Occupazionale, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Francesca Bravi
- Laboratorio di Statistica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Biometria ed Epidemiologia “G.A. Maccacaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.C.S.); (F.B.); (C.L.V.)
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Laboratorio di Statistica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Biometria ed Epidemiologia “G.A. Maccacaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.C.S.); (F.B.); (C.L.V.)
| | - Caterina Conte
- Dipartimento di Promozione delle Scienze Umane e della Qualità della Vita, Università Telematica San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Endocrinologia, Nutrizione e Malattie Metaboliche, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20900 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Gori
- Dipartimento di Anestesia, Rianimazione ed Emergenza Urgenza, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
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17
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Klöppel E, Souza MR, Barco VS, Gallego FQ, Sinzato YK, Corrente JE, Rodrigues T, Volpato GT, Damasceno DC. Calcium Supplementation on Glucose Tolerance, Oxidative Stress, and Reproductive Outcomes of Diabetic Rats and Their Offspring. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:2813-2828. [PMID: 37002533 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01217-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of obstetric complications, morbidity, and infant mortality. Controlled nutritional therapy with micronutrients has been employed. However, the effect of calcium (Ca2+) supplementation on diabetic pregnancy is unclear. We aimed to evaluate whether diabetic rats supplemented with Ca2+ during pregnancy present better glucose tolerance, redox status, embryonic and fetal development, newborn weight, and the prooxidant and antioxidant balance of male and female pups. For this, newborn rats received the beta-cytotoxic drug streptozotocin for inducing diabetes on the day of birth. In adulthood, these rats were mated and treated with Ca2+ twice a day from day 0 to day 20 of pregnancy. On day 17, the pregnant rats were submitted to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). At the end of pregnancy, they were anesthetized and killed to collect blood and pancreas samples. The uterine horns were exposed for an evaluation of maternal reproductive outcomes and embryofetal development, and the offspring's liver samples were collected for redox status measurement. Nondiabetic and diabetic rats supplemented with Ca2+ showed no influence on glucose tolerance, redox status, insulin synthesis, serum calcium levels, and embryofetal losses. The reduced rate of newborns classified as adequate for gestational age (AGA) and higher rates of LGA (large) and small (LGA) newborns and higher -SH and GSH-Px antioxidant activities in female pups were observed in diabetic dams, regardless of supplementation. Thus, maternal supplementation caused no improvement in glucose tolerance, oxidative stress biomarkers, embryofetal growth and development, and antioxidants in pups from diabetic mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Klöppel
- Laboratory of Experimental Research On Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Course On Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University_UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Maysa Rocha Souza
- Laboratory of Experimental Research On Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Course On Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University_UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Federal University of Mato Grosso_UFMT, Mato Grosso State, Barra Do Garças, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Soares Barco
- Laboratory of Experimental Research On Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Course On Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University_UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Franciane Quintanilha Gallego
- Laboratory of Experimental Research On Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Course On Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University_UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Yuri Karen Sinzato
- Laboratory of Experimental Research On Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Course On Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University_UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Corrente
- Research Support Office, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Tadeu Volpato
- Laboratory of Experimental Research On Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Course On Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University_UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Federal University of Mato Grosso_UFMT, Mato Grosso State, Barra Do Garças, Brazil
| | - Débora Cristina Damasceno
- Laboratory of Experimental Research On Gynecology and Obstetrics, Postgraduate Course On Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University_UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil.
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Wimalawansa SJ. Controlling Chronic Diseases and Acute Infections with Vitamin D Sufficiency. Nutrients 2023; 15:3623. [PMID: 37630813 PMCID: PMC10459179 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Apart from developmental disabilities, the prevalence of chronic diseases increases with age especially in those with co-morbidities: vitamin D deficiency plays a major role in it. Whether vitamin D deficiency initiates and/or aggravates chronic diseases or vice versa is unclear. It adversely affects all body systems but can be eliminated using proper doses of vitamin D supplementation and/or safe daily sun exposure. Maintaining the population serum 25(OH)D concentration above 40 ng/mL (i.e., sufficiency) ensures a sound immune system, minimizing symptomatic diseases and reducing infections and the prevalence of chronic diseases. This is the most cost-effective way to keep a population healthy and reduce healthcare costs. Vitamin D facilitates physiological functions, overcoming pathologies such as chronic inflammation and oxidative stress and maintaining broader immune functions. These are vital to overcoming chronic diseases and infections. Therefore, in addition to following essential public health and nutritional guidance, maintaining vitamin D sufficiency should be an integral part of better health, preventing acute and chronic diseases and minimize their complications. Those with severe vitamin D deficiency have the highest burdens of co-morbidities and are more vulnerable to developing complications and untimely deaths. Vitamin D adequacy improves innate and adaptive immune systems. It controls excessive inflammation and oxidative stress, generates antimicrobial peptides, and neutralizes antibodies via immune cells. Consequently, vitamin D sufficiency reduces infections and associated complications and deaths. Maintaining vitamin D sufficiency reduces chronic disease burden, illnesses, hospitalizations, and all-cause mortality. Vulnerable communities, such as ethnic minorities living in temperate countries, older people, those with co-morbidities, routine night workers, and institutionalized persons, have the highest prevalence of vitamin D deficiency-they would significantly benefit from vitamin D and targeted micronutrient supplementation. At least now, health departments, authorities, and health insurance companies should start assessing, prioritizing, and encouraging this economical, non-prescription, safe micronutrient to prevent and treat acute and chronic diseases. This approach will significantly reduce morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs and ensure healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil J Wimalawansa
- Department of Medicine, CardioMetabolic & Endocrine Institute, North Brunswick, NJ 08902, USA
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Wu X, Zhai F, Chang A, Wei J, Guo Y, Zhang J. Development of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Osteoporosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-A Preliminary Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:1987-2003. [PMID: 37408729 PMCID: PMC10319347 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s406695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Diagnosing osteoporosis in T2DM based on bone mineral density (BMD) remains challenging. We sought to develop prediction models employing machine learning algorithms for use as screening instruments for osteoporosis in T2DM patients. Patients and Methods Data were collected from 433 participants and analyzed using nine categorical machine learning algorithms to select features based on demographic and clinical variables. Multiple classification models were compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, the average precision (AP), precision, F1 score, precision-recall curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA) to determine the best model. In addition, 5-fold cross-validation was utilized to optimize the model, followed by an evaluation of feature significance using Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). Using latent class analysis (LCA), distinct subpopulations were identified by constructing several discrete clusters. Results In this study, nine feature variables were identified to construct predictive models for osteoporosis in individuals with T2DM. The machine learning algorithms achieved an AP range of 0.444-1.000. The XGBoost model was selected as the final prediction model with an AUROC of 0.940 in the training set, 0.772 in the validation set for 5-fold cross-validation, and 0.872 in the test set. Using SHAP methodology, 25(OH)D was identified as the most important risk factor. Additionally, a 3-Class model was constructed using LCA, which categorized individuals into high, medium, and low-risk groups. Conclusion Our study developed a predictive model with high accuracy and clinical validity for predicting osteoporosis in type 2 diabetes patients. We also identified three subpopulations with varying osteoporosis risk using clustering. However, limited sample size warrants cautious interpretation of results, and validation in larger cohorts is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelun Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Furui Zhai
- Gynecological Clinic, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ailing Chang
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jincheng Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Serbis A, Giapros V, Tsamis K, Balomenou F, Galli-Tsinopoulou A, Siomou E. Beta Cell Dysfunction in Youth- and Adult-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: An Extensive Narrative Review with a Special Focus on the Role of Nutrients. Nutrients 2023; 15:2217. [PMID: 37432389 PMCID: PMC10180650 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditionally a disease of adults, type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been increasingly diagnosed in youth, particularly among adolescents and young adults of minority ethnic groups. Especially, during the recent COVID-19 pandemic, obesity and prediabetes have surged not only in minority ethnic groups but also in the general population, further raising T2D risk. Regarding its pathogenesis, a gradually increasing insulin resistance due to central adiposity combined with a progressively defective β-cell function are the main culprits. Especially in youth-onset T2D, a rapid β-cell activity decline has been observed, leading to higher treatment failure rates, and early complications. In addition, it is well established that both the quantity and quality of food ingested by individuals play a key role in T2D pathogenesis. A chronic imbalance between caloric intake and expenditure together with impaired micronutrient intake can lead to obesity and insulin resistance on one hand, and β-cell failure and defective insulin production on the other. This review summarizes our evolving understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in defective insulin secretion by the pancreatic islets in youth- and adult-onset T2D and, further, of the role various micronutrients play in these pathomechanisms. This knowledge is essential if we are to curtail the serious long-term complications of T2D both in pediatric and adult populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Serbis
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, St. Niarhcos Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Vasileios Giapros
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, St. Νiarhcos Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece (F.B.)
| | - Konstantinos Tsamis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, St. Niarhcos Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Foteini Balomenou
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, St. Νiarhcos Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece (F.B.)
| | - Assimina Galli-Tsinopoulou
- Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Stilponos Kyriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Ekaterini Siomou
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, St. Niarhcos Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece;
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Ustianowski Ł, Ustianowska K, Gurazda K, Rusiński M, Ostrowski P, Pawlik A. The Role of Vitamin C and Vitamin D in the Pathogenesis and Therapy of Periodontitis-Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6774. [PMID: 37047746 PMCID: PMC10094883 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common disorder affecting the bone and soft tissues of the periodontal complex. When untreated, it may lead to severe mobility or even loss of teeth. The pathogenesis of periodontitis is complex, with crucial factors being chronic inflammation in gingival and periodontal tissues and oral microbiome alterations. However, recent studies highlight the alleged role of vitamins, such as vitamin C (VitC) and vitamin D (VitD), in the development of the disease. VitC regulates numerous biochemical reactions, but foremost, it is involved in synthesizing collagen. It was reported that VitC deficiency could lead to damage to the periodontal ligaments. VitC supplementation improves postoperative outcomes in patients with periodontitis. VitD is a steroid derivative that can be produced in the skin under ultraviolet radiation and later transformed into an active form in other tissues, such as the kidneys. VitD was established to decrease the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in gingiva and regulate the proper mineral density of teeth. Moreover, the supplementation of VitD was associated with better results in the nonsurgical treatment of periodontitis. In this review, we summarize recent knowledge on the role of vitamins C and D in the pathogenesis and treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Mohammed AA, El-Matty DMA, Abdel-Azeem R, Raafat K, Hussein MA, El-Ansary AR, Hafez W, Hassan HA, Nassar NA, Selim NM, Ghaith D, Kholy AAE, Abd El Salam SM, Anouti FA, Wahba AS. Allelic Discrimination of Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Controlled Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11040485. [PMID: 36833019 PMCID: PMC9956945 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11040485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the rapidly growing healthcare problems, and several vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms seem to modulate the risk of T2DM. Our research was designed to investigate the allelic discrimination of VDR polymorphisms and T2DM occurrence risk. (2) Methods: This case-control research included 156 patients with T2DM and 145 healthy control subjects. Most of the study population were males 56.6% vs. 62.8% in the case and control groups, respectively. Genotyping for VDR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs228570 (Fok1), rs7975232 (Apa1), and rs1544410 (Bsm1) was compared between both groups. (3) Results: There was a negative link between vitamin D levels and insulin sensitivity. A significant difference was noted in the allelic discrimination of VDR polymorphism rs228570 and rs1544410 between the study groups (p < 0.001). No difference was observed in the allelic discrimination of VDR polymorphism rs7975232 between the groups (p = 0.063). Moreover, T2DM patients had significantly higher levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobin HbA1c, 2-h post-prandial blood sugar (PP), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), total cholesterol, and triglycerides (p < 0.001), while High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly decreased (p = 0.006). (4) Conclusions: VDR polymorphisms had a positive association with T2DM risk among the Egyptian population. Further large-scale research using deep sequencing of samples is strongly urged to investigate different vitamin D gene variants and interactions, as well as the influence of vitamin D on T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Ahmed Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute (NHTMRI), Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Dina M. Abo El-Matty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Rola Abdel-Azeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Khaled Raafat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo11566, Egypt
| | - Mona A. Hussein
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Amira R. El-Ansary
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza 12577, Egypt
| | - Wael Hafez
- Department of Internal Medicine, The National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +20-9712235000
| | - Hatem Ahmed Hassan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | | | - Nora Mahmoud Selim
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Doaa Ghaith
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Amal A. El Kholy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Soha M. Abd El Salam
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez University, Suez 43512, Egypt
| | - Fatme Al Anouti
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alaa S. Wahba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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23
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Zhang D, Zhong X, Cheng C, Su Z, Xue Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Feng M, Xu Z, Zhao T, Zhang L, Huang H, Li W, Li X. Effect of Vitamin D and/or Calcium Supplementation on Pancreatic β-Cell Function in Subjects with Prediabetes: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:347-357. [PMID: 36541437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
So far, the potential role of vitamin D in β-cell function remains a matter of debate. Therefore, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial (RCT) was conducted to evaluate the effect of a vitamin D supplement with or without calcium on β-cell function in a Chinese population with prediabetes. Two hundred and forty-three subjects were randomly assigned in a 2-by-2 factorial-design RCT to receive either 1600 IU/day vitamin D3 with/or 500 mg/day calcium for 24 weeks. The results showed that oral administration of vitamin D and calcium could increase the secretion of insulin. Vitamin D-insufficient individuals displayed an increment in the disposition index (adjusted change = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.07, 0.56) after treatment by vitamin D + calcium. It illustrated that supplementation with vitamin D and calcium might improve the function of pancreatic β-cell in prediabetes with low serum 25(OH)D levels. However, further studies are needed to confirm the findings. Given the low vitamin D content in natural foods, it is necessary to fortify processed foods with vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhong
- Sinopharm Xingsha Pharmaceuticals (Xiamen) Co., Ltd., Xiamen, Fujian 361026, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Zhiwei Su
- Sinopharm Xingsha Pharmaceuticals (Xiamen) Co., Ltd., Xiamen, Fujian 361026, China
| | - Yuan Xue
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Mingming Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ze Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Luoya Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Haoyue Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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24
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Kumar P, Gupta R, Gupta A. Vitamin D deficiency in patients with diabetes and its correlation with water fluoride levels. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2023; 21:125-137. [PMID: 36705502 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2022.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to fluoride through drinking water has been linked to insulin resistance and resulting type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, we aim to study the impact of water fluoride levels on blood glucose and vitamin D levels. A hospital-based study was conducted on diabetic patients (n = 303) at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raebareli outstation patient department (OPD). The relationship between vitamin D or fasting blood glucose levels (BGLs) with water fluoride levels was estimated through Spearman's rank correlation. We found a significant negative correlation between water fluoride and vitamin D levels [rs = -0.777, p-value < 0.001] and a positive correlation between water fluoride and fasting BGLs [rs = 0.178, p-value <0.05]. The participants residing in fluoride-endemic areas (F > 1.5 mg/L) had higher odds of severe vitamin D deficiency (odds ratio: 5.07, 95% CI: 1.9-13.2, p-value = 0.0009). The results demonstrate that vitamin D deficiency and fasting BGLs are significantly associated with water fluoride levels. This study signifies the role of fluoride toxicity in poor glycemic control and derived vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D supplementation and the application of standard household water purification devices are recommended to tackle vitamin D deficiency in fluoride-endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raebareli, India
| | - Rasna Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, India
| | - Ankit Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raebareli, India E-mail:
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25
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Mustafa A, Shekhar C. Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D and Triglycerides-Glucose index among Indian adolescents. BMC Nutr 2022; 8:69. [PMID: 35879737 PMCID: PMC9310494 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00568-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency has been found to associated with numerous skeletal and non-skeletal diseases including Diabetes Mellitus. Insulin Resistance (IR) is considered as one of the primary reasons of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The association between vitamin D deficiency and IR has been extensively explore in previous studies, but none of them focused on Indian adolescents, and none of them used the TyG index as IR marker. Hence, this population-based cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) assessed using the Triglycerides Glucose Index (TyG index) and vitamin D measured by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D). Methods For this study, we utilized data from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS, 2016–18). The study is based on a sample size of 10,167 adolescents aged 10–19 years. The TyG index cut-off value of 4.65 was used to classify IR. We examined associations between the TyG index and serum 25(OH)D using multiple linear regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Odds of Insulin Resistance among vitamin D deficient/insufficient adolescents were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Results A significant negative association was found between serum 25(OH)D and the TyG index, where a 10% increase in serum 25(OH)D was associated with 0.56 (95% CI = -0.67, -0.45) unit decrement in the TyG index. The odds of having IR were 90% higher among vitamin D deficient adolescents (OR: 1.90; 95% CI = 1.62—2.23) compared to adolescents with adequate levels of vitamin D. The association between vitamin D deficiency and IR was independent of sex; in other words, the association between vitamin D and IR was significant in both the sexes. Conclusion Independent of sex, this study found a significant inverse association between vitamin D and insulin resistance in Indian adolescents. The findings of this study highlight the utility of TyG index and the importance of vitamin D in lowering the risk of T2DM in future generations of the country.
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26
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Khoshnaw M, Dizaye K. Beneficial effects of vitamin D in the management of untreated hyperlipidemia in diabetic patients in Erbil, Iraq. PHARMACIA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.69.e90908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is highly prevalent among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. As hyperlipidemia plays a major part in atherosclerosis development and progression, this occurrence is linked to a significantly raised risk of cardiovascular disease. This study aims to assess the effects of vitamin D supplementation on lipid parameters in T2DM patients with untreated hyperlipidemia. Thirty-five T2DM patients with hyperlipidemia and vitamin D deficiency were supplemented with vitamin D for three months. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), calcium, lipid parameters, atherogenic indices, glucose, and HbA1c were recorded before and after the intervention. After supplementation, there was a statistically significant reduction in VLDL-C and triglycerides. Triglycerides showed a significant negative correlation with 25(OH)D. Atherogenic indices and HDL-C also improved significantly. Vitamin D supplementation had beneficial effects on the lipid profile of T2DM patients with untreated hyperlipidemia and vitamin D deficiency. Thus, vitamin D could be a valuable adjuvant therapy for these patients.
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Normalization of Vitamin D Serum Levels in Patients with Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Reduces Levels of Branched Chain Amino Acids. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58091267. [PMID: 36143944 PMCID: PMC9505541 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58091267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Vitamin D is involved in pancreatic beta-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation. Further, elevation in branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) has been implicated in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) pathology. However, the relationship between vitamin D and BCAAs in T2DM remains unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D and BCAAs in T2DM. Materials and Methods: In total, 230 participants (137 with T2DM and 93 healthy controls) were recruited in a cross-sectional study. Furthermore, an additional follow-up study was performed, including 20 T2DM patients with vitamin D deficiency. These patients were prescribed weekly vitamin D tablets (50,000 IU) for three months. The levels of several biochemical parameters were examined at the end of the vitamin D supplementation. Results: The results showed that patients with T2DM had higher serum levels of BCAAs and lower serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) compared with those of the healthy controls (p < 0.01). The serum levels of vitamin D were negatively correlated with BCAA levels in T2DM patients (r = −0.1731, p < 0.05). In the follow-up study, 25(OH)D levels were significantly improved (p < 0.001) following vitamin D supplementation. Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced the levels of BCAAs, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting glucose (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Overall, these results suggest a role for BCAAs and vitamin D in the etiology and progression of T2DM. Thus, managing vitamin D deficiency in patients with T2DM may improve glycemic control and lower BCAA levels.
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Mendoza LC, Harreiter J, Desoye G, Simmons D, Adelantado JM, Kautzky-Willer A, Zawiejska A, Wender-Ozegowska E, Lapolla A, Dalfra MG, Bertolotto A, Devlieger R, Dunne F, Mathiesen ER, Damm P, Andersen LL, Jensen DM, Hill D, van Poppel MNM, Corcoy R. The Weak Relationship between Vitamin D Compounds and Glucose Homeostasis Measures in Pregnant Women with Obesity: An Exploratory Sub-Analysis of the DALI Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163256. [PMID: 36014761 PMCID: PMC9415540 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on the relationship between vitamin D (VitD) and glucose homeostasis usually consider either total VitD or 25OHD3 but not 25OHD2 and epimers. We aimed to evaluate the cross-sectional association of VitD compounds with glucose homeostasis measurements in pregnant women with overweight/obesity participating in the Vitamin D And Lifestyle Intervention for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention study. Methods: The analysis included 912 women. Inclusion criteria: <20 weeks gestation, body mass index ≥29 kg/m2 and information on exposure and outcome variables at baseline. Measurements: A 75 g OGTT at <20, 24−28 and 35−37 weeks gestation (except if previous diabetes diagnosis). Exposure variables: 25OHD2, 25OHD3 and C3-epimer. Outcome variables: fasting and post-challenge insulin sensitivity and secretion indices, corresponding disposition indices (DI), plasma glucose at fasting and 1 and 2 h, hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HiP). Statistics: Multivariate regression analyses with adjustment. Results: Baseline VitD sufficiency was 66.3%. Overall, VitD compounds did not show strong associations with any glucose homeostasis measures. 25OHD3 showed direct significant associations with: FPG at <20 and 24−28 weeks (standardized β coefficient (β) 0.124, p = 0.030 and 0.111, p = 0.026 respectively), 2 h plasma glucose at 24−28 weeks (β 0.120, p = 0.018), and insulin sensitivity (1/HOMA-IR, β 0.127, p = 0.027) at 35−37 weeks; it showed an inverse association with fasting DI (QUCKI*HOMA-β) at <20 and 24−28 weeks (β −0.124, p = 0.045 and β −0.148, p = 0.004 respectively). 25OHD2 showed direct associations with post-challenge insulin sensitivity (Matsuda, β 0.149, p = 0.048) at 24−28 weeks) and post-challenge DI (Matsuda*Stumvoll phase 1) at 24−28 and 35−37 weeks (β 0.168, p = 0.030, β 0.239, p = 0.006). No significant association with C3-epimer was observed at any time period. Conclusions: In these women with average baseline VitD in sufficiency range, VitD compounds did not show clear beneficial associations with glucose homeostasis measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Cristina Mendoza
- Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jürgen Harreiter
- Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Gender Medicine Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gernot Desoye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - David Simmons
- Macarthur Clinical School, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSE 2560, Australia
| | - Juan M. Adelantado
- Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandra Kautzky-Willer
- Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Gender Medicine Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Agnieszka Zawiejska
- Department of Reproduction, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-525 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Wender-Ozegowska
- Department of Reproduction, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-525 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Maria G. Dalfra
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bertolotto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roland Devlieger
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fidelma Dunne
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Elisabeth R. Mathiesen
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Departments of Endocrinology and Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Damm
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Departments of Endocrinology and Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisse Lotte Andersen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Dorte Moller Jensen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - David Hill
- Lawson Health Research Institute, St. Joseph Health Care, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
| | | | - Rosa Corcoy
- Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-556-56-61
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Harahap IA, Landrier JF, Suliburska J. Interrelationship between Vitamin D and Calcium in Obesity and Its Comorbid Conditions. Nutrients 2022; 14:3187. [PMID: 35956362 PMCID: PMC9370653 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been linked to vitamin D (VD) deficiency and low calcium (CAL) status. In the last decade, dietary supplementation of vitamin D and calcium (VD-CAL) have been extensively studied in animal experiments and human studies. However, the physiological mechanisms remain unknown as to whether the VD-CAL axis improves homeostasis and reduces biomarkers in regulating obesity and other metabolic diseases directly or indirectly. This review sought to investigate their connections. This topic was examined in scientific databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed from 2011 to 2021, and 87 articles were generated for interpretation. Mechanistically, VD-CAL regulates from the organs to the blood, influencing insulin, lipids, hormone, cell, and inflammatory functions in obesity and its comorbidities, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease, and type-2 diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, previous research has not consistently shown that simultaneous VD-CAL supplementation affects weight loss or reduces fat content. This discrepancy may be influenced by population age and diversity, ethnicity, and geographical location, and also by degree of obesity and applied doses. Therefore, a larger prospective cohort and randomised trials are needed to determine the exact role of VD-CAL and their interrelationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iskandar Azmy Harahap
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland;
| | | | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland;
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Qorbani M, Zarei M, Moradi Y, Appannah G, Djalainia S, Pourrostami K, Ejtahed HS, Mahdavi-Gorabi A, Naderali EK, Khazdouz M. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on cardiac-metabolic risk factors in elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:88. [PMID: 35752843 PMCID: PMC9233853 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been a longstanding interest in the potential effect of vitamin D in preventing cardiac-metabolic diseases. However, there are divergent results regarding the impact of vitamin D supplementation (VDS) on managing cardiac-metabolic outcomes in the elderly population. MATERIAL AND METHOD We systematically searched electronic databases; Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, and ProQuest. We included all trials that evaluated the effect of VDS on cardiac-metabolic risk factors in the elderly population, which were published until 30 September 2021. The effects of VDS on cardiac-metabolic outcomes were assessed using standardized mean difference (SMD). A random-effect model was used to pool the SMD and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULT The literature search identified 4409 studies, of which 12 trials met inclusion criteria. Results of random effect meta-analysis indicated a significant reduction in total cholesterol (TC) (SMD: - 0.14 mg/dl; 95% CI: - 0.25, - 0.02) and triglyceride (TG) (SMD: - 0.45 mg/dl; 95% CI: - 0.86, - 0.04) with VDS compared to the placebo. The subgroup analyses revealed that the reduction of TG in patients with diabetes and vitamin D deficiency was significant. Furthermore, short-term intervention (≤ 6 months) induced a significantly lower level of TG and insulin in comparison to longer duration (> 6 months). CONCLUSION The study suggests that VDS could improve insulin concentration and dyslipidemia in the elderly population. The systematic review was registered in Alborz university of medical sciences with 2060-01-03-1397 number and the Ethics council IR.ABZUMS.REC.1397.207 number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Zarei
- Department of Nutrition Community, Deputy of Health affairs, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Moradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Geeta Appannah
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Shirin Djalainia
- Development of Research & Technology Center, Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kumars Pourrostami
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armita Mahdavi-Gorabi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Khazdouz
- Growth and Development Research Center, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rasouli N, Pittas AG. Response to Letter to the Editor From Chang Villacreses et al: "Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion in Prediabetes". J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e3095-e3096. [PMID: 35468187 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rasouli
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Co 80045, USA
| | - Anastassios G Pittas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Abubaker S, Albasseet A, El-abd KA, Alandijani AA, Alendijani YA, Alkhenizan A. Association Between Vitamin D Levels and Glycemic Control Among Adult Diabetic Patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2022; 14:e25919. [PMID: 35844355 PMCID: PMC9282600 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is one of the most common diseases worldwide. It can cause serious complications, such as cardiovascular events, end-stage renal disease, and blindness if not controlled. Vitamin D is believed to play an essential role in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. However, few studies have been conducted in Saudi Arabia to confirm or reject this hypothesis. Thus, this study explored the relationship between vitamin D levels and glycemic control in a Saudi diabetic population. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective cohort study including all adults 18 years of age or older diagnosed with diabetes who underwent at least five years of regular follow-up at the family medicine clinic at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital (KFSH) from January 2015 to January 2021. Data were obtained from the patients’ medical records and included detailed histories, physical examination records, and laboratory findings. Participants were divided into vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D sufficiency groups based on vitamin D levels. Results: A total of 370 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled in the study. The majority of the patients (60%) were over 65 years of age. The mean serum 25(OH) vitamin D level of the participants was 62.75 ± 22.79 nmol/L. There was a significant association between glycemic control and vitamin D levels (p < 0.001). The mean level of vitamin D was higher in the good glycemic control group (70.96 ±22.66) than in the poor glycemic control group (54.81 ±19.98). A total of 13.74% (25) of the good glycemic control group had vitamin D levels < 50 nmol/L, while 52.13% (98) of the poor glycemic control had vitamin D levels < 50 nmol/L. Patients with poor glycemic control were 2.4 times more likely to have low vitamin D levels than patients in the well-controlled glycemic group. Conclusion: Based on the study results, serum vitamin D has a significant inverse relationship with HbA1c levels among diabetics. This finding highlights the need for routine screening of vitamin D status in all patients with diabetes and early treatment for those found to be deficient.
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Kawahara T, Suzuki G, Mizuno S, Inazu T, Kasagi F, Kawahara C, Okada Y, Tanaka Y. Effect of active vitamin D treatment on development of type 2 diabetes: DPVD randomised controlled trial in Japanese population. BMJ 2022; 377:e066222. [PMID: 35613725 PMCID: PMC9131780 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2021-066222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether eldecalcitol, an active vitamin D analogue2, can reduce the development of type 2 diabetes among adults with impaired glucose tolerance. DESIGN Double blinded, multicentre, randomised, placebo controlled trial. SETTING Three hospitals in Japan, between June 2013 and August 2019. PARTICIPANTS People aged 30 years and older who had impaired glucose tolerance defined by using a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test and glycated haemoglobin level. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomised to receive active vitamin D (eldecalcitol 0.75 μg per day; n=630) or matching placebo (n=626) for three years. MAIN OUTCOMES The primary endpoint was incidence of diabetes. Prespecified secondary endpoints were regression to normoglycaemia and incidence of type 2 diabetes after adjustment for confounding factors at baseline. In addition, bone densities and bone and glucose metabolism markers were assessed. RESULTS Of the 1256 participants, 571 (45.5%) were women and 742 (59.1%) had a family history of type 2 diabetes. The mean age of participants was 61.3 years. The mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration at baseline was 20.9 ng/mL (52.2 nmol/L); 548 (43.6%) participants had concentrations below 20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L). During a median follow-up of 2.9 years, 79 (12.5%) of 630 participants in the eldecalcitol group and 89 (14.2%) of 626 in the placebo group developed type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio 0.87, 95% confidence interval 0.67 to 1.17; P=0.39). Regression to normoglycaemia was achieved in 145 (23.0%) of 630 participants in the eldecalcitol group and 126 (20.1%) of 626 in the placebo group (hazard ratio 1.15, 0.93 to 1.41; P=0.21). After adjustment for confounding factors by multivariable fractional polynomial Cox regression analysis, eldecalcitol significantly lowered the development of diabetes (hazard ratio 0.69, 0.51 to 0.95; P=0.020). In addition, eldecalcitol showed its beneficial effect among the participants with the lower level of basal insulin secretion (hazard ratio 0.41, 0.23 to 0.71; P=0.001). During follow-up, bone mineral densities of the lumbar spine and femoral neck and serum osteocalcin concentrations significantly increased with eldecalcitol compared with placebo (all P<0.001). No significant difference in serious adverse events was observed. CONCLUSIONS Although treatment with eldecalcitol did not significantly reduce the incidence of diabetes among people with pre-diabetes, the results suggested the potential for a beneficial effect of eldecalcitol on people with insufficient insulin secretion. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000010758.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kawahara
- University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Shin Komonji Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Gen Suzuki
- International University Health and Welfare Clinic, Ohtawara, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Chie Kawahara
- University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yosuke Okada
- University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Tanaka
- University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Vitamin D Levels as an Important Predictor for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Weight Regain Post-Sleeve Gastrectomy. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102052. [PMID: 35631192 PMCID: PMC9143791 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Weight Loss Surgery (WLS), including sleeve-gastrectomy (SG), results in significant weight loss and improved metabolic health in severe obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2). Previous studies suggest post-operative health benefits are impacted by nutrient deficiencies, such as Vitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency, while it is currently unknown whether nutrient levels may actually predict post-surgery outcomes. As such, this study investigated whether 25(OH)D levels could predict metabolic improvements in patients who underwent SG. Patients with severe obesity (n = 309; 75% female) undergoing SG participated in this ethics-approved, non-randomized retrospective cohort study. Anthropometry, clinical data, 25(OH)D levels and serum markers were collected at baseline, 6-, 12- and 18-months post-surgery. SG surgery resulted in significant improvements in metabolic health at 6- and 12-months post-surgery compared with baseline, as expected. Patients with higher baseline 25(OH)D had significantly lower HbA1c levels post-surgery (p < 0.01) and better post-surgical T2DM outcomes, including reduced weight regain (p < 0.05). Further analysis revealed that baseline 25(OH)D could predict HbA1c levels, weight regain and T2DM remission one-year post-surgery, accounting for 7.5% of HbA1c divergence (p < 0.01). These data highlight that higher circulating 25(OH)D levels are associated with significant metabolic health improvements post-surgery, notably, that such baseline levels are able to predict those who attain T2DM remission. This highlights the importance of 25(OH)D as a predictive biomarker of post-surgery benefits.
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Tucker LA. Serum, Dietary, and Supplemental Vitamin D Levels and Insulin Resistance in 6294 Randomly Selected, Non-Diabetic U.S. Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091844. [PMID: 35565811 PMCID: PMC9100608 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to determine the associations between serum, dietary, and supplemental vitamin D levels and insulin resistance in 6294 non-diabetic U.S. adults. A total of 8 years of data from the 2011−2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and a cross-sectional design were utilized to answer the research questions. Serum vitamin D levels were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry. Dietary and supplemental vitamin D intakes were assessed using the average of two 24 h dietary recalls taken 3−10 days apart. The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), based on fasting glucose and fasting insulin levels, was employed to index insulin resistance. Demographic covariates were age, sex, race, and year of assessment. Differences in physical activity, body mass index (BMI), cigarette smoking, body weight, season, and energy intake were also controlled statistically. Serum levels of vitamin D differed significantly, and in a dose−response order, across quartiles of HOMA-IR, after adjusting for year, age, sex, and race (F = 30.3, p < 0.0001) and with all the covariates controlled (F = 5.4, p = 0.0029). Dietary vitamin D levels differed similarly across HOMA-IR quartiles, but to a lesser extent, respectively (F = 8.1, p = 0.0001; F = 2.9, p = 0.0437). Likewise, supplemental vitamin D levels also differed across the HOMA-IR quartiles, respectively (F = 3.5, p = 0.0205; F = 3.3, p = 0.0272). With all the covariates controlled, the odds of having insulin resistance were significantly greater for those in the lowest quartile of serum and supplemental vitamin D intake compared to the other quartiles combined. In conclusion, in this nationally representative sample, serum, dietary, and supplemental vitamin D were each predictive of insulin resistance, especially in those with low serum levels and those with no supplemental intake of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry A Tucker
- College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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Norbitt CF, Kimita W, Bharmal SH, Ko J, Petrov MS. Relationship between Habitual Intake of Vitamins and New-Onset Prediabetes/Diabetes after Acute Pancreatitis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071480. [PMID: 35406092 PMCID: PMC9003206 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamins have many established roles in human health. However, the role of habitual dietary intake of vitamins in glucose homeostasis in individuals after acute pancreatitis (AP) is yet to be elucidated. The aim was to investigate the associations between habitual intake of fat- and water-soluble vitamins/vitamers and markers of glucose metabolism (fasting plasma glucose (FPG), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, and homeostasis model assessment β-cell function (HOMA-β)) in individuals after AP. A total of 106 participants after AP were included in this cross-sectional study and were grouped based on glycaemic status: new-onset prediabetes/diabetes after AP (NODAP), pre-existing prediabetes/type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and normoglycaemia after AP (NAP). Habitual intake of seven fat-soluble vitamins/vitamers and seven water-soluble vitamins were determined by the EPIC-Norfolk food frequency questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted using five statistical models built to adjust for covariates (age, sex, daily energy intake, visceral/subcutaneous fat volume ratio, smoking status, daily alcohol intake, aetiology of AP, number of AP episodes, cholecystectomy, and use of antidiabetic medications). In the NODAP group, three fat-soluble vitamins/vitamers (α-carotene, β-carotene, and total carotene) were significantly associated with HOMA-β. One water-soluble vitamin (vitamin B3) was also significantly associated with HOMA-β in the NODAP group. None of the studied vitamins were significantly associated with FPG or HOMA-IR in the NODAP group. Prospective longitudinal studies and randomised controlled trials are now warranted to investigate if the observed associations between vitamin/vitamer intake and NODAP are causal and to unveil the specific mechanisms underlying their involvement with NODAP.
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Chen YY, Chen YJ. Association between Dietary Calcium and Potassium and Diabetic Retinopathy: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051086. [PMID: 35268061 PMCID: PMC8912727 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Micronutrients are considered to have an important role in metabolic process. The relationships between micronutrients and diabetic complication, such as retinopathy, are rarely discussed. The main purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between dietary micronutrients and diabetic retinopathy in an adult population. Methods: 5321 participants from National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2008 were included in this cross-sectional study. Diabetic retinopathy was diagnosed by the severity scale of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) using nonmydriatic fundus photography. Micronutrients were assessed by 24-h dietary recall. The relationship between dietary micronutrients and the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy was analyzed by a logistic regression model. Results: Dietary calcium and potassium were inversely associated with diabetic retinopathy (OR: 0.729, 95%CI: 0.562–0.945; OR: 0.875, 95%CI: 0.787–0.973). Higher quartile of dietary calcium and potassium was associated with lower occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (OR: 0.664, 95%CI: 0.472–0.933; OR: 0.700, 95%CI: 0.495–0.989). Furthermore, increased amounts of dietary calcium and potassium were significantly associated with reduced occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (OR: 0.701, 95%CI: 0.546–0.900; OR: 0.761, 95%CI: 0.596–0.972). Conclusions: Higher levels of dietary calcium and potassium are suggested to reduce the risk of diabetic retinopathy with dose–response effect. The evaluation of dietary micronutrients might be a part of treatment for patients with diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuei Chen
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch and School of Medicine, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-87923311 (ext. 16567); Fax: +886-2-87927057
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Zhang J, Li Y, Lai D, Lu D, Lan Z, Kang J, Xu Y, Cai S. Vitamin D Status Is Negatively Related to Insulin Resistance and Bone Turnover in Chinese Non-Osteoporosis Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cross-Section Research. Front Public Health 2022; 9:727132. [PMID: 35223754 PMCID: PMC8873521 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.727132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Vitamin D status is closely related to blood glucose and bone metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Vitamin D affects bone density and bone metabolism, leading to osteopenia and osteoporosis. Insulin resistance increases the risk of osteoporosis in patients with T2DM. Our previous studies have shown a negative correlation between insulin resistance and 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels. The aim of the present study was to determine the association between vitamin D status and insulin resistance and bone metabolism in patients with T2DM. Subjects and Methods A retrospective cross-section research was carried out among 109 non-osteoporosis patients with T2DM. Their fasting blood glucose (FBG), 25(OH)D, fasting blood insulin (FINS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum creatinine (SCr), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), body mass index (BMI), glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), homeostatic model estimates of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and calcium-phosphorus product were measured routinely. Results Both in men and women, 25(OH)D was negatively correlated with BALP (β = −0. 369, p ≤ 0.001)and HOMA-IR (β = −0.349, p ≤ 0.001), and positively associated with IGF-1(β = 0.672, p ≤ 0.05). There was a negative correlation between HOMA-IR and IGF-1 (β = −0.464, p ≤ 0.001), and a positive correlation between HOMA-IR and BALP (β = 0.344, p ≤ 0.05), adjusted by confounding factors. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that 25(OH)D concentrations are negatively correlated with insulin resistance and bone turnover. Insulin resistance increases with the decrease of 25(OH)D concentration, which can enhance bone turnover, and increases the risk of osteoporosis in non-osteoporosis patients with T2DM. This is the first study to clarify the relationship between serum vitamin D status, insulin resistance, and bone metabolism in non-osteoporosis patients with T2DM in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Xiamen Second Hospital Affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Zhang
| | - Yangjun Li
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Dong Lai
- Xiamen Second Hospital Affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Di Lu
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhenhao Lan
- Xiamen Second Hospital Affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Junfei Kang
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Yidong Xu
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Shaofang Cai
- Xiamen Second Hospital Affiliated Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
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Zhang M, Yu F, Xue Y, Song L, Du M, Li X, Li W. The Relationship of 25(OH)D 3 with Diabetes Mellitus and the Mediation Effect of Lipid Profile in Chinese Rural Population of Henan Province. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:85. [PMID: 35056393 PMCID: PMC8781849 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Studies suggest that vitamin D is involved in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and influences serum lipids levels, while lipid disorders are also closely related to T2DM. This study attempts to explore the complex relationship of serum 25(OH)D3, serum lipids, and T2DM among Chinese population. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 2326 subjects. The chi-square (χ2) test was applied to compare the prevalence of T2DM or dyslipidemia between two serum 25(OH)D3 levels. Linear regression was applied to analyze the correlation between serum lipids and 25(OH)D3 contents. Univariate and logistic analysis were used to explore the relationship between two lipid levels and T2DM. Mediation analysis was used to explore whether serum lipids mediate the relationship between two serum 25(OH)D3 levels and T2DM. Results: Compared to subjects with 25(OH)D3 ≥ 30 ng/mL, subjects with 25(OH)D3 < 30 ng/mL were higher in the prevalence of T2DM. The occurrences of high TG and low HDL-C were significantly higher in vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency than those in vitamin D sufficiency. Serum 25(OH)D3 content showed a reverse correlation with TC, TG, and LDL-C, but positive correlation with HDL-C. The odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals, 95%CI) of T2DM by comparing TG ≥ 2.26 mmol/L vs. TG < 2.26 mmol/L and HDL-C < 1.04 mmol/L vs. HDL-C ≥ 1.04 mmol/L in all participants were 2.48 (1.94-3.18) and 1.37 (1.07-1.75), respectively. Serum TG or HDL-C level partially mediated the relationship between two 25(OH)D3 level and T2DM. Conclusions: Serum 25(OH)D3 < 30 ng/mL seems to be associated with T2DM or dyslipidemia (high TG and low HDL-C) in our study, but there is still no proof of a cause-effect relationship. Moreover, serum TG or HDL-C level partially mediated the relationship between 25(OH)D3 levels and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fei Yu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (M.Z.); (Y.X.); (L.S.); (M.D.); (W.L.)
| | | | | | | | - Xing Li
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (M.Z.); (Y.X.); (L.S.); (M.D.); (W.L.)
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Zandieh N, Hemami MR, Darvishi A, Hasheminejad SM, Abdollahi Z, Zarei M, Heshmat R. Economic evaluation of a national vitamin D supplementation program among Iranian adolescents for the prevention of adulthood type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:1. [PMID: 34980092 PMCID: PMC8722369 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03474-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Iranian adolescents. METHODS This analytical observational study was conducted, using the decision tree model constructed in TreeAge Pro to assess the cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) of monthly intake vitamin D supplements to prevent T2DM compared to no intervention from the viewpoint of Iran's Ministry of Health and through an one-year horizon. In the national program of vitamin D supplementation, 1,185,211 Iranian high-school students received 50,000 IU vitamin D supplements monthly for nine months. The costs-related data were modified to 2018. The average cost and effectiveness were compared based on the Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER). RESULTS Our analytical analysis estimated the 4071.25 (USD / QALY) cost per AQALY gained of the monthly intake of 50,000 IU vitamin D for nine months among adolescents over a one-year horizon. Based on the ICER threshold of 1032-2666, vitamin D supplementation was cost-effective for adolescents to prevent adulthood T2DM. It means that vitamin D supplementation costs were substantially less than the costs of T2DM treatments than the no intervention. CONCLUSIONS Based on the findings, the national vitamin D supplementation program for Iranian adolescents could be a cost-effective strategy to reduce the risk of diabetes in adulthood. From an economic perspective, vitamin D supplementation, especially in adolescents with vitamin D deficiency, would be administrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Zandieh
- Faculty of pharmacy, Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Darvishi
- Department of Management and Health Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Abdollahi
- Office of Community Nutrition, Deputy of Health, Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Zarei
- Office of Community Nutrition, Deputy of Health, Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1941933111, Iran.
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AlAnouti F, Ahmad AS, Wareth LA, Dhaheri AA, Oulhaj A, Junaibi AA, Naeemi AA, Hamiz AA, Hosani AA, Zaabi EA, Mezhal F, Maskari FA, Alsafar H, Yaaqoub J, Bastaki MA, Houqani MA, Oumeziane N, Juber NF, Sherman S, Shah SM, Alsharid T, Zaabi TA, Loney T, Mahmeed WA, Abdulle A, Ali R. Associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, body mass index and body fat composition among Emirati population: Results from the UAE healthy future study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:954300. [PMID: 36299461 PMCID: PMC9589411 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.954300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are highly prevalent among several populations across the globe. Numerous studies have shown a significant correlation between body-mass-index (BMI) and Vitamin D status, however, some results differed according to ethnicity. Despite the abundance of sunshine throughout the year, vitamin D deficiency is prominent in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In this study, we analyzed the UAE Healthy Future Study (UAEHFS) pilot data to investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and % body fat (BF) composition as well as BMI. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data from a total of 399 Emirati men and women aged ≥ 18 years were analyzed. Serum 25(OH)D and standard measures of weight and height were included in the analyses. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25(OH)D concentration<20 ng/ml. Multivariate quantile regression models were performed to explore the relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and % BF composition and BMI correspondingly. RESULTS There were 281 (70.4%) males and 118 (29.6%) females included in this study. More than half of the study participants had vitamin D insufficiency (52.4%), and nearly a third had vitamin D deficiency (30.3%); while only 17.3% had optimal levels. A statistically significant negative association between serum 25(OH) D levels and % BF composition was observed at intermediate percentiles while a statistically significant negative association between serum 25(OH)D and BMI was only observed at the median (50th percentile). CONCLUSION The study findings support the association between low serum 25(OH) D levels (low vitamin D status) and high % BF composition and high BMI among adult Emiratis. Further longitudinal data from the prospective UAEHFS could better elucidate the relationship between serum 25(OH) D levels, % BF composition, and BMI in the context of various health outcomes among this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatme AlAnouti
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Fatme Al Anouti,
| | - Amar Sabri Ahmad
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Laila Abdel Wareth
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abi Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayesha Al Dhaheri
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abderrahim Oulhaj
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Sciences and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdulla Al Junaibi
- Department of Pediatrics, Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdullah Al Naeemi
- Department of Cardiology, Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aisha Al Hamiz
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayesha Al Hosani
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eiman Al Zaabi
- Department of Pathology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatima Mezhal
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatma Al Maskari
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Habiba Alsafar
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jamila Yaaqoub
- Abu Dhabi Police Health Service, Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marina Al Bastaki
- Abu Dhabi Blood Bank Services, Abu Dhabi Health Services Company, SEHA, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Al Houqani
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naima Oumeziane
- Abu Dhabi Blood Bank Services, Abu Dhabi Health Services Company, SEHA, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nirmin F. Juber
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Scott Sherman
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Syed M. Shah
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Teeb Alsharid
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Thekra Al Zaabi
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tom Loney
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Zayed Military Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael Al Mahmeed
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdishakur Abdulle
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raghib Ali
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Medical Research Council, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Palacios C, Pérez CM, González-Sepúlveda L, Corsino L, Albrecht SS, Siega-Riz AM, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Casagrande S, Sotres-Alvarez D, Avilés-Santa ML. Vitamin D, Calcium, Magnesium, and Potassium Consumption and Markers of Glucose Metabolism in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2022; 41:20-29. [PMID: 33252321 PMCID: PMC8667446 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1833790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This was a cross-sectional study associating vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, and potassium intakes with markers of glucose metabolism in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). METHODS HCHS/SOL is a multicenter, prospective, population-based cohort study on Hispanics/Latinos aged 18-74 years in the US. For this analysis, we included 10,609 participants who were free of diabetes. Analysis of covariance was used to assess associations of a range of micronutrient intake on the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and 2-hour post-oral glucose tolerance test (2h-plasma glucose) separately for normoglycemic and with pre-diabetes, after controlling for important confounders. All analyses accounted for the complex sample design and sampling weights. RESULTS HOMA-IR levels were significantly lower among adults with intakes in the highest quartile for vitamin D, magnesium, and potassium compared to the respective lowest quartiles, for those with normoglycemia and pre-diabetes, even after adjusting for confounders, such as diet quality (p < 0.05). For those with pre-diabetes, HOMA-IR levels were also significantly lower for those in the highest quartile of calcium intake. However, 2h-plasma glucose was significantly higher in those with intakes higher than quartile 1 for vitamin D and calcium among those with normoglycemia and significantly higher in quartile 3 of potassium intake for those with pre-diabetes, p < 0.05. No significant associations were found for HbA1c in either group. CONCLUSIONS Higher consumption of vitamin D, magnesium, and potassium are associated with optimal levels of HOMA-IR among participants with normoglycemia and pre-diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Palacios
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University
| | - Cynthia M. Pérez
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico
| | - Lorena González-Sepúlveda
- Puerto Rico Clinical and Translational Research Consortium, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico
| | - Leonor Corsino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Sandra S. Albrecht
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health and Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Carolina Population Center, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Anna Maria Siega-Riz
- School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts at Amherst
| | - Ramon A Durazo-Arvizu
- Public Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Public Health (SPHSPH), Loyola University Chicago
| | | | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - M. Larissa Avilés-Santa
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Xu C, Gong M, Wen S, Zhou M, Li Y, Zhou L. The Comparative Study on the Status of Bone Metabolism and Thyroid Function in Diabetic Patients with or without Ketosis or Ketoacidosis. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:779-797. [PMID: 35309734 PMCID: PMC8926020 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s349769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to identify changes in bone turnover markers and thyroid function in diabetic ketosis (DK) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). MATERIALS AND METHODS We compared data from the Department of Endocrinology at Shanghai Pudong Hospital from 2018 to 2020 on the pancreatic status and previous glucose control, bone transformation, calcium homeostasis, and thyroid function in groups with diabetes (DM alone, n=602), DK (n=232), and DKA (n=60). Similar comparisons were made in recurrent DK (A) (n=17) and single DK (A) (n=272). RESULTS The fasting C-peptide level decreased significantly, but hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were higher in DK or DKA (p<0.05). Blood calcium and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH-VitD3) levels were significantly lower in DKA (p<0.05), but parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels remained constant across all three groups. The N-terminal middle molecular fragment of osteocalcin (N-MID) and β-C terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type 1 collagen (β-CTX) showed significant inverse alterations in DKA, regardless of gender or age (p<0.05). Otherwise, DKA significantly inhibited thyroid function (p<0.05). Furthermore, Spearman correlation analyses revealed a relationship between N-MID and HbA1c in DM alone (r=-0.27, p<0.01), while total triiodothyronine (TT3, r=0.62, p<0.01) or free T3 (FT3, r=0.61, p<0.01) in DK, and DKA (TT3, r=0.45, p<0.01; FT3, r=0.43, p<0.01). Multilinear regression analyses revealed that β-CTX (β=0.564), HbA1c (β=-0.196), TT3 (β=0.183), and 25-OH-VitD3 (β=-0.120) were the only independent determinants of N-MID in DM, whereas FT3 (β=0.491), β-CTX (β=0.315) in DK, and FT3 (β=0.420), β-CTX (β=0.367), TG (β=-0.278) in DKA. Only 25-OH-VitD3 was found to be significantly lower in recurrent DK (A) than in single onset DK (A) (p<0.05), and β-CTX (β=0.745) was found to be significantly independently associated with N-MID. CONCLUSION Our preliminary findings show a dramatic change in bone turnover markers in DM patients with DK and DKA, and this change may be related to thyroid function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglin Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Zhou
- Clinical Research OB/GYN REI Division, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ligang Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Vascular Lesions Regulation and Remodeling, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ligang Zhou, Tel +8613611927616, Email
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Beck J, da Silva Teixeira S, Harrison K, Phillips G, He Y, Sisley S. Paraventricular Vitamin D Receptors Are Required for Glucose Tolerance in Males but Not Females. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:869678. [PMID: 35620386 PMCID: PMC9128386 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.869678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
When delivered directly into the brain, vitamin D, can improve glucose levels in male mice. Additionally, the loss of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in male mice's paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) results in impaired glucose tolerance. Data in humans shows that low vitamin D levels are detrimental to glucose homeostasis, an effect that may be more prominent in men. However, it is unknown if vitamin D action in the brain is required for normal glucose regulation in female mice. This study shows that in both viral and genetic models, male mice with obesity and PVH VDR loss have impaired glucose tolerance while female mice are unaffected. Weights were unaltered in both sexes by PVH VDR loss. Additionally, PVH VDR loss did not cause any glucose abnormalities in either sex when the mice were on a chow diet. Utilizing electrophysiology studies, we show PVH VDR loss resulted in decreased baseline firing frequency and resting membrane potential in males, but not females. Additionally, male mice with PVH VDR loss had impaired miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSC), while females were unaffected. Interestingly, the PVH neurons of both sexes were activated by exogenous vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), an effect dependent upon the VDR. Thus, there is sexual dimorphism, for the actions of the PVH VDR on glucose regulation. PVH VDRs are necessary for normal glucose homeostasis in males but not females and this may be secondary to actions of the VDR on neuronal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Beck
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Silvania da Silva Teixeira
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Keisha Harrison
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Gabrielle Phillips
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yanlin He
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Brain Glycemic and Metabolism Control Department, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Stephanie Sisley
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Stephanie Sisley,
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Rasouli N, Brodsky IG, Chatterjee R, Kim SH, Pratley RE, Staten MA, Pittas AG. Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion in Prediabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:230-240. [PMID: 34473295 PMCID: PMC8684490 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Vitamin D regulates glucose homeostasis pathways, but effects of vitamin D supplementation on β-cell function remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. METHODS This is a prespecified secondary analysis of the Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes study. Overweight/obese adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes (prediabetes) were randomly treated with vitamin D3 4000 IU or matching placebo daily for 24 months. MAIN OUTCOME Disposition index (DI), as an estimate of β-cell function, was calculated as the product of Homeostasis Model Assessment 2 indices derived from C-peptide values (HOMA2%Scpep) and C-peptide response during the first 30 minutes of a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). RESULTS Mean age was 60.5 ± 9.8 years and body mass index was 31.9 ± 4.4 kg/m2. Mean serum 25(OH)D level increased from 27.9 ± 10.3 ng/mL at baseline to 54.9 ng/mL at 2 years in the vitamin D group and was unchanged (28.5 ± 10.0 ng/mL) in the placebo group. The baseline DI predicted incident diabetes independent of the intervention. In the entire cohort, there were no significant differences in changes in DI, HOMA2%Scpep, or C-peptide response between the 2 groups. Among participants with baseline 25(OH)D level <12 ng/mL, the mean percent differences for DI between the vitamin D and placebo groups was 8.5 (95% CI, 0.2-16.8). CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with vitamin D3 for 24 months did not improve an OGTT-derived index of β-cell function in people with prediabetes not selected based on baseline vitamin D status; however, there was benefit among those with very low baseline vitamin D status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rasouli
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine and VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Correspondence: Neda Rasouli, MD, 800 Washington Street, Box 268, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Irwin G Brodsky
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Maine Medical Center and Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME 04101, USA
| | | | - Sun H Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Richard E Pratley
- AdventHealth Translational Research Institute, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Myrlene A Staten
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892 (retired), USA
| | - Anastassios G Pittas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - D2d Research Group
PittasAnastassios GMD, MS8BrodskyIrwinMD9CegliaLisaMD, MS10ChadhaChhaviMD11ChatterjeeRaneeMD, MPH12Dawson-HughesBessMD13DesouzaCyrusMBBS14DolorRowenaMD, MHS12ForeytJohnPhD16GhaziAdlineMD17HsiaDaniel SMD18JohnsonKaren CMD, MPH19KashyapSangeeta RMD20KimSun HMD21LeBlancErin SMD, MPH22LewisMichael RMD, MBA23LiaoEmiliaMD24MalozowskiSaulMD, PhD25NeffLisa MMD26O’NeilPatrickPhD27ParkJeanMD28PetersAnneMD29PhillipsLawrence SMD3031PratleyRichardMD32RaskinPhilipMD33RasouliNedaMD34RobbinsDavidMD35RosenCliffordMD9ReboussinDavePhD37ArodaVanita RMD38WareJames HPhD39SheehanPatriciaRN, MPH, MS40StatenMyrlene AMD25KnowlerWilliam CMD, DrPH42
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Aladel A, Verma AK, Dabeer S, Ahmad I, Alshahrani MY, AboHassan MS, Khan MI, Almutairi MG, Beg MMA. Association of lncRNA LINC01173 Expression with Vitamin-D and Vitamin B12 Level Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2535-2543. [PMID: 36016630 PMCID: PMC9397532 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s369012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has risen to become the world's most serious public health problem in recent years, and the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the onset and progression of T2DM, as well as special attention to vitamins, has gotten a lot of attention recently. METHODS The aim of the study was to analyze lncRNA LINC01173 expression along with assessment of vitamin-D and B12 among the T2DM cases. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to analyze the expression of lncRNA LINC01173. Vitamin-D and B12 were analyzed by chemiluminescence-based assay. RESULTS The present study observed that the T2DM cases had 6.67-fold increased lncRNA LINC01173 expression compared to healthy controls. Expression of lncRNA LINC01173 was found to be associated with hypertension (p=0.03), wound healing (p=0.04), and blurred vision (p<0.0001). It was observed that the T2DM cases with vitamin-D deficiency had a significant association with fasting glucose level (p=0.01) and HbA1C level (p=0.01) among the T2DM cases. The association of lncRNA LINC01173 with vitamin-D was analyzed and it was observed that the vitamin-D deficient cases had higher lncRNA LINC01173 expression compared to insufficient T2DM cases (p=0.01) and sufficient T2DM cases (p=0.0006). It was also observed that the T2DM cases with smoking had a 8.33-fold lncRNA LINC01173 expression while non-smokers had a 5.43-fold lncRNA LINC01173 expression (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION The study concluded that the increased lncRNA LINC01173 expression was observed to be linked with alteration in vitamin-D level and smoking habit. Altered expression of lncRNA LINC01173 expression was linked with fasting glucose and HbA1C alteration. Collectively, lncRNA LINC01173 expression, vitamin-D alteration, as well as smoking habit may cause the disease severity and increase the pathogenesis of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanoud Aladel
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amit K Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Sadaf Dabeer
- Division of Endocrinology Metabolism, and Lipids, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S AboHassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Idreesh Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Arras, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak Ghazi Almutairi
- Department of Nutrition, Almethnab General Hospital, Qassim Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Al Mithnab, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mirza Masroor Ali Beg
- Faculty of Medicine, Alatoo International University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
- Centre for Promotion of Medical Research, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
- Correspondence: Mirza Masroor Ali Beg, Email
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Holt R, Petersen JH, Dinsdale E, Knop FK, Juul A, Jørgensen N, Blomberg Jensen M. Vitamin D Supplementation Improves Fasting Insulin Levels and HDL Cholesterol in Infertile Men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:98-108. [PMID: 34508607 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Vitamin D has been linked with glucose and lipid metabolism. Men with impaired gonadal function have a higher risk of metabolic syndrome and mortality, and vitamin D status may be a reversible modulator. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to determine the effect of daily vitamin D and calcium supplementation for 150 days on glucose and lipid homeostasis in infertile men. METHODS A single-center, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial (NCT01304927) was conducted. A total of 307 infertile men were randomly assigned (1:1) to a single dose of 300 000 IU cholecalciferol followed by 1400 IU cholecalciferol + 500 mg of calcium daily (n = 151) or placebo (n = 156) for 150 days. Reported metabolic parameters including fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1c, fasting serum insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting plasma cholesterols, and triglycerides were secondary end points. The primary end point semen quality has previously been reported. RESULTS Men receiving vitamin D supplementation improved their vitamin D status, whereas vitamin D status was aggravated in the placebo group characterized by higher serum parathyroid hormone. At the end of the trial, men receiving vitamin D supplementation had 13% lower fasting serum insulin concentrations compared with the placebo-treated group (65 vs 74 pmol/L, P = .018) and 19% lower HOMA-IR (2.2 vs 2.7, P = .025). Moreover, men in the vitamin D group had higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels (1.38 vs 1.32 mmol/L, P = .008) compared with the placebo group. CONCLUSION High-dose vitamin D supplementation has beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis and HDL cholesterol levels in infertile men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rune Holt
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Holm Petersen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
- Section of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1014, Denmark
| | - Elsa Dinsdale
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Filip Krag Knop
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, 2900, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, 2820, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Niels Jørgensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Martin Blomberg Jensen
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
- Division of Bone and Mineral Research, Harvard School of Dental Medicine/Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with the occurrence of low bone density, osteopenia, and osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:1375-1383. [PMID: 34900789 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00871-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to analyze the association between VDR gene polymorphism and the occurrence of "low bone density (LBD)/osteopenia/osteoporosis" or LBDOO in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients among a clustered population in northwest of Iran. The studied VDR gene polymorphism included ApaI (rs7975232), BsmI (rs1544410), FokI (rs2228570), EcoRV (rs4516035) and, TaqI (rs731236). Methods In this population-based cross-sectional study, patients with T2D were identified within a group of 1266 participants based on self-report of diabetes, history of diabetes medication, and recorded laboratory data. Separately for each polymorphism and gender, crude and adjusted (age, BMI) odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for participants with T2D through logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of T2D was 16.41% in people residing in the city of Sanandaj in 2011. Of the participants with T2D, 13.92% and 81.29% had osteoporosis and vitamin D deficiency, respectively. In women, the tt genotype of the TaqI gene significantly decreased the risk of LBDOO versus the Tt genotype, after adjusting for BMI and age (adjusted OR:0.18, CI95%: 0.03-0.97). Conversely, the EE genotype of the EcoRV gene enhanced the risk of LBDOO versus the Ee genotype (adjusted OR:7.64, CI95%: 2.03-28.72). Conclusion The polymorphism of both TaqI and EcoRV genes was associated with the risk of LBDOO in women with T2D. This is the first time a study has highlighted this effect for the polymorphism of the EcoRV gene; we believe that this study would serve as a basis for future studies.
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Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycemic Control in Prediabetes: A Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124464. [PMID: 34960022 PMCID: PMC8707376 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical research results of vitamin D supplementation in the improvement of prediabetes remain controversial. Accordingly, a literature search was conducted of PubMed, Embase (Ovid), and Web of Science prior to 9 November 2021. Randomized controlled studies reported that the following indicators were included: body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h oral glucose tolerance test plasma glucose (2h-PG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-B), and fasting insulin (FINS). Twenty-nine articles (N = 3792) were included in the present meta-analysis. Intriguingly, vitamin D supplementation resulted in a vast improvement in FBG (standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.38; 95%CI: -0.59, -0.16), HbA1c (SMD = -0.14; 95%CI: -0.22, -0.06) and FINS (SMD = 0.18; 95%CI: -0.26, -0.09), but not in other outcomes. However, preferred changes were observed in subgroups, as follows: Asia (SMD2h-PG = -0.25, 95%CI: -0.45, -0.04), study duration ≥1 year (SMDHOMA-IR = -0.44, 95%CI: -0.81, -0.06) (SMDHOMA-B = 0.34, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.66), baseline 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L (SMD2h-PG = -0.23, 95%CI: -0.39, -0.06), and baseline 25(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/L (SMDHOMA-IR = -0.50, 95%CI: -0.96, -0.03). In conclusion, oral supplementation of vitamin D has shown better effects in improving FBG, HbA1c, and FINS compared with controls among prediabetics; long-term vitamin D supplementation could have additional effects in participants with vitamin D deficiency for 2h-PG, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-B.
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Misra P, Kant S, Misra A, Jha S, Kardam P, Thakur N, Bhatt SP. A Community Based Randomized Controlled Trial to See the Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Development of Diabetes Among Women with Prediabetes Residing in A Rural Community of Northern India. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:3122-3129. [PMID: 34660457 PMCID: PMC8483112 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_311_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The primary objective of this study was to intervene with vitamin D supplementation in rural-based women with pre-diabetes (impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance) to prevent development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods: This was an open-label randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted in rural women with pre-diabetes and vitamin D deficiency (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02513888). Women aged 20-60 years with pre-diabetes were selected from rural Haryana (north India) and followed up for two years. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic and behavioral details, like sun exposure, dietary habits, etc., The intervention group received vitamin D supplementation while control group received lactose granules as placebo. Equal doses of calcium carbonate were given to both the groups. Results: A total of 132 participants were recruited in the study (58 each in the intervention and control groups). It was observed that there was no statistical significance in the incidence of diabetes in the control group as compared to the intervention group at the end of 2 years (P = 0.701). Conclusion: Though during the first year there was some delay in development of DM in the intervention group but at the end of two years there was no significant effect of vitamin D supplementation in delaying the incidence of diabetes in these women after two years. Trial registration: (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02513888).
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Misra
- Centre for Community Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Shashi Kant
- Centre for Community Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Misra
- Fortis C-DOC Center of Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases, and Endocrinology, New Delhi, India
| | - Shreya Jha
- Centre for Community Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Surya P Bhatt
- Department of Sleep and Pulmonary Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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