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Kappelhoff S, Margheritis EG, Cosentino K. New insights into Gasdermin D pore formation. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:681-692. [PMID: 38497302 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is a pore-forming protein that perforates the plasma membrane (PM) during pyroptosis, a pro-inflammatory form of cell death, to induce the unconventional secretion of inflammatory cytokines and, ultimately, cell lysis. GSDMD is activated by protease-mediated cleavage of its active N-terminal domain from the autoinhibitory C-terminal domain. Inflammatory caspase-1, -4/5 are the main activators of GSDMD via either the canonical or non-canonical pathways of inflammasome activation, but under certain stimuli, caspase-8 and other proteases can also activate GSDMD. Activated GSDMD can oligomerize and assemble into various nanostructures of different sizes and shapes that perforate cellular membranes, suggesting plasticity in pore formation. Although the exact mechanism of pore formation has not yet been deciphered, cysteine residues are emerging as crucial modulators of the oligomerization process. GSDMD pores and thus the outcome of pyroptosis can be modulated by various regulatory mechanisms. These include availability of activated GSDMD at the PM, control of the number of GSDMD pores by PM repair mechanisms, modulation of the lipid environment and post-translational modifications. Here, we review the latest findings on the mechanisms that induce GSDMD to form membrane pores and how they can be tightly regulated for cell content release and cell fate modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Kappelhoff
- Department of Biology/Chemistry and Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs), University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Eleonora G Margheritis
- Department of Biology/Chemistry and Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs), University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Katia Cosentino
- Department of Biology/Chemistry and Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs), University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
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2
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Matveichuk OV, Ciesielska A, Hromada-Judycka A, Nowak N, Ben Amor I, Traczyk G, Kwiatkowska K. Flotillins affect LPS-induced TLR4 signaling by modulating the trafficking and abundance of CD14. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:191. [PMID: 38652315 PMCID: PMC11039508 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05221-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces a strong pro-inflammatory reaction of macrophages upon activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) with the assistance of CD14 protein. Considering a key role of plasma membrane rafts in CD14 and TLR4 activity and the significant impact exerted on that activity by endocytosis and intracellular trafficking of the both LPS acceptors, it seemed likely that the pro-inflammatory reaction could be modulated by flotillins. Flotillin-1 and -2 are scaffolding proteins associated with the plasma membrane and also with endo-membranes, affecting both the plasma membrane dynamics and intracellular protein trafficking. To verify the above hypothesis, a set of shRNA was used to down-regulate flotillin-2 in Raw264 cells, which were found to also become deficient in flotillin-1. The flotillin deficiency inhibited strongly the TRIF-dependent endosomal signaling of LPS-activated TLR4, and to a lower extent also the MyD88-dependent one, without affecting the cellular level of TLR4. The flotillin depletion also inhibited the pro-inflammatory activity of TLR2/TLR1 and TLR2/TLR6 but not TLR3. In agreement with those effects, the depletion of flotillins down-regulated the CD14 mRNA level and the cellular content of CD14 protein, and also inhibited constitutive CD14 endocytosis thereby facilitating its shedding. Ultimately, the cell-surface level of CD14 was markedly diminished. Concomitantly, CD14 recycling was enhanced via EEA1-positive early endosomes and golgin-97-positive trans-Golgi network, likely to compensate for the depletion of the cell-surface CD14. We propose that the paucity of surface CD14 is the reason for the down-regulated signaling of TLR4 and the other TLRs depending on CD14 for ligand binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orest V Matveichuk
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Ciesielska
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Aneta Hromada-Judycka
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Nowak
- Laboratory of Imaging Tissue Structure and Function, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ichrak Ben Amor
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gabriela Traczyk
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kwiatkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
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3
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Hu L, Cheng Z, Chu H, Wang W, Jin Y, Yang L. TRIF-dependent signaling and its role in liver diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1370042. [PMID: 38694821 PMCID: PMC11061444 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1370042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
TIR domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-β (TRIF) is a crucial adaptor molecule downstream of toll-like receptors 3 (TLR3) and 4 (TLR4). TRIF directly binds to TLR3 through its TIR domain, while it associates with TLR4 indirectly through the bridge adaptor molecule TRIF-related adaptor molecule (TRAM). TRIF plays a pivotal role in regulating interferon beta 1 (IFN-β) response, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling, apoptosis, and necroptosis signaling mediated by TLR3 and TLR4. It accomplishes these by recruiting and activating various kinases or transcription factors via its distinct domains. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the TRIF-dependent signaling pathways mediated by TLR3 and TLR4, elucidating key target molecules and downstream pathways. Furthermore, we provide an overview of TRIF's impact on several liver disorders, including drug-induced liver injury, ischemia-reperfusion liver injury, autoimmune hepatitis, viral hepatitis, alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). We also explore its effects on liver steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis. A comprehensive understanding of the TRIF-dependent signaling pathways, as well as the intricate relationship between TRIF and liver diseases, can facilitate the identification of potential drug targets and the development of novel and effective therapeutics against hepatic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yu Jin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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4
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Kawai T, Ikegawa M, Ori D, Akira S. Decoding Toll-like receptors: Recent insights and perspectives in innate immunity. Immunity 2024; 57:649-673. [PMID: 38599164 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an evolutionarily conserved family in the innate immune system and are the first line of host defense against microbial pathogens by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). TLRs, categorized into cell surface and endosomal subfamilies, recognize diverse PAMPs, and structural elucidation of TLRs and PAMP complexes has revealed their intricate mechanisms. TLRs activate common and specific signaling pathways to shape immune responses. Recent studies have shown the importance of post-transcriptional regulation in TLR-mediated inflammatory responses. Despite their protective functions, aberrant responses of TLRs contribute to inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Understanding the delicate balance between TLR activation and regulatory mechanisms is crucial for deciphering their dual role in immune defense and disease pathogenesis. This review provides an overview of recent insights into the history of TLR discovery, elucidation of TLR ligands and signaling pathways, and their relevance to various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Kawai
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunobiology, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Nara 630-0192, Japan; Life Science Collaboration Center (LiSCo), Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Nara 630-0192, Japan.
| | - Moe Ikegawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunobiology, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ori
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunobiology, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Shizuo Akira
- Center for Advanced Modalities and DSS (CAMaD), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Host Defense, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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5
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Jones AE, Rios A, Ibrahimovic N, Chavez C, Bayley NA, Ball AB, Hsieh WY, Sammarco A, Bianchi AR, Cortez AA, Graeber TG, Hoffmann A, Bensinger SJ, Divakaruni AS. The metabolic cofactor Coenzyme A enhances alternative macrophage activation via MyD88-linked signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.28.587096. [PMID: 38585887 PMCID: PMC10996702 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.28.587096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Metabolites and metabolic co-factors can shape the innate immune response, though the pathways by which these molecules adjust inflammation remain incompletely understood. Here we show that the metabolic cofactor Coenzyme A (CoA) enhances IL-4 driven alternative macrophage activation [m(IL-4)] in vitro and in vivo. Unexpectedly, we found that perturbations in intracellular CoA metabolism did not influence m(IL-4) differentiation. Rather, we discovered that exogenous CoA provides a weak TLR4 signal which primes macrophages for increased receptivity to IL-4 signals and resolution of inflammation via MyD88. Mechanistic studies revealed MyD88-linked signals prime for IL-4 responsiveness, in part, by reshaping chromatin accessibility to enhance transcription of IL-4-linked genes. The results identify CoA as a host metabolic co-factor that influences macrophage function through an extrinsic TLR4-dependent mechanism, and suggests that damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) can prime macrophages for alternative activation and resolution of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony E Jones
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Amy Rios
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Neira Ibrahimovic
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Carolina Chavez
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nicholas A Bayley
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Andréa B Ball
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Wei Yuan Hsieh
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alessandro Sammarco
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Amber R Bianchi
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Angel A Cortez
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Thomas G Graeber
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Steven J Bensinger
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ajit S Divakaruni
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Lead contact
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6
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Khilwani R, Singh S. Traversing through the Mechanistic Event Analysis in IL-6 and IL-17 Signaling for a New Therapeutic Paradigm in NSCLC. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1216. [PMID: 38279220 PMCID: PMC10816370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
IL-6 and IL-17 are paradoxical cytokines that progress inflammatory states in chronic diseases, including cancer. In lung cancer, their role has been elucidated to favor cancer development by modulating signaling mechanisms critical to cellular growth. The intrinsic ability of these cytokines to influence macroautophagy is yet another reason to facilitate lung cancer. Here, we employed a systems immunology approach to discover the mechanistic role of these cytokines in cancer development. In a biological system, at later stages, the activation of NFkB stimulates immunosuppressive phenotypes to achieve tolerating effects in a transformed cell. We found that the upregulation of cytokines signaled M2 macrophages to modulate tumor responses through the activation of autophagic intermediates and inflammasome mediators. This caused immune perturbations in the tumor microenvironment, which were associated with cancer inflammation. To address these inflammatory states, we performed triggered event analysis to examine whether overexpressing immune effectors or downregulating immune suppressors may have an effect on cancer reversal. Interestingly, the inhibition of immune regulators opposed the model outcome to an increased immune response. Therefore, IL6-IL17-mediated regulation of lung cancer may address tumor malignancy and potentiate the development of newer therapeutics for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shailza Singh
- Systems Medicine Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Ganeshkhind, SPPU Campus, Pune 411007, India;
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7
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Wu L, Tan Z, Su L, Dong F, Xu G, Zhang F. Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation alleviates cerebral ischemic injury through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κ B pathway. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 17:1343842. [PMID: 38273974 PMCID: PMC10808520 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1343842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study was to explore whether transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) treatment could mediate inflammation, apoptosis, and pyroptosis of neuronal cells and microglia activation through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway in the early stage of ischemic stroke. TEAS treatment at Baihui (GV20) and Hegu (LI4) acupoints of the affected limb was administered at 24, 48, and 72 h following middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R), with lasting for 30 min each time. Neurological impairment scores were assessed 2 h and 72 h after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). TTC staining was used to evaluate the volume of brain infarction. The histopathologic changes of hippocampus were detected by H&E staining. WB analysis was performed to assess the levels of TLR4, MyD88, p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65, and inflammation, apoptosis, pyroptosis-related proteins. TLR4 expression was measured using immunohistochemistry. The expression of inflammation-related proteins was also measured using ELISA. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression level of Iba1. Our findings demonstrated that TEAS intervention after I/R improved neurological function, reduced the volume of brain infarction, and mitigated pathological damage. Moreover, TEAS reduced the levels of TLR4, MyD88, p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-6, Bax, NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1/pro caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, GSDMD, and Iba1 while enhancing Bcl-2 expression. Moreover, the protective effects of TEAS could be counteracted by lipopolysaccharide (LPS, a TLR4 agonist). In conclusion, TEAS can reduce cerebral damage and suppress inflammation, cell death, and microglia activation after ischemic stroke via inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Tan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Su
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
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8
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Yang W, Wang Y, Tao K, Li R. Metabolite itaconate in host immunoregulation and defense. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:100. [PMID: 38042791 PMCID: PMC10693715 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00503-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic states greatly influence functioning and differentiation of immune cells. Regulating the metabolism of immune cells can effectively modulate the host immune response. Itaconate, an intermediate metabolite derived from the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle of immune cells, is produced through the decarboxylation of cis-aconitate by cis-aconitate decarboxylase in the mitochondria. The gene encoding cis-aconitate decarboxylase is known as immune response gene 1 (IRG1). In response to external proinflammatory stimulation, macrophages exhibit high IRG1 expression. IRG1/itaconate inhibits succinate dehydrogenase activity, thus influencing the metabolic status of macrophages. Therefore, itaconate serves as a link between macrophage metabolism, oxidative stress, and immune response, ultimately regulating macrophage function. Studies have demonstrated that itaconate acts on various signaling pathways, including Keap1-nuclear factor E2-related factor 2-ARE pathways, ATF3-IκBζ axis, and the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway to exert antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects. Furthermore, several studies have reported that itaconate affects cancer occurrence and development through diverse signaling pathways. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the role IRG1/itaconate and its derivatives in the regulation of macrophage metabolism and functions. By furthering our understanding of itaconate, we intend to shed light on its potential for treating inflammatory diseases and offer new insights in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Ruidong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
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9
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Bax CE, Diaz D, Li Y, Vazquez T, Patel J, Grinnell M, Ravishankar A, Maddukuri S, Keyes E, Yan D, Bashir M, Werth VP. Herbal supplement Spirulina stimulates inflammatory cytokine production in patients with dermatomyositis in vitro. iScience 2023; 26:108355. [PMID: 38026219 PMCID: PMC10665953 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Spirulina, an herbal supplement and popular ingredient in health foods, is a potent stimulant of the immune system. Spirulina use is temporally associated with the onset or exacerbation of Dermatomyositis (DM), an autoimmune connective tissue disease that frequently affects the skin and muscle. In this study, we investigated the effect of Spirulina on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in DM and Healthy Controls (HCs), showing that Spirulina stimulates Interferon β (IFNβ), Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and Interferon γ (IFNγ) production of DM PBMCs primarily via Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) activation using ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) and flow cytometry. We show that classical monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells are stimulated by Spirulina and are activated via TLR4. Skin from patients with Spirulina-associated DM exhibits an inflammatory milieu similar to that of idiopathic DM but with a stronger correlation of TLR4 and IFNγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina E Bax
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - DeAnna Diaz
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yubin Li
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas Vazquez
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jay Patel
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Madison Grinnell
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adarsh Ravishankar
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Spandana Maddukuri
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emily Keyes
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daisy Yan
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Muhammad Bashir
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Victoria P Werth
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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10
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Uehre GM, Tchaikovski S, Ignatov A, Zenclussen AC, Busse M. B Cells Induce Early-Onset Maternal Inflammation to Protect against LPS-Induced Fetal Rejection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16091. [PMID: 38003279 PMCID: PMC10671511 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The maternal balance between B regulatory (Breg) cells and inflammatory B cells is of central importance for protection against preterm birth (PTB). However, the impact of B cell signaling in early maternal and fetal immune responses on inflammatory insults remains underinvestigated. To understand which role B cells and B-cell-specific signaling play in the pathogenesis of PTB, the later was induced by an injection of LPS in B cell-sufficient WT mice, CD19-/-, BMyD88-/- and µMT murine dams at gestational day 16 (gd 16). WT dams developed a strong inflammatory response in their peritoneal cavity (PC), with an increased infiltration of granulocytes and enhanced IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17 and MCP-1 levels. However, they demonstrated a reduced NOS2 expression of PC macrophages 4 h after the LPS injection. Simultaneously, LPS-challenged WT dams upregulated pregnancy-protective factors like IL-10 and TARC. The concentrations of inflammatory mediators in the placental supernatants, amniotic fluids, fetal serums and gestational tissues were lower in LPS-challenged WT dams compared to CD19-/-, BMyD88-/- and µMT dams, thereby protecting WT fetuses from being born preterm. B cell deficiency, or the loss of B-cell-specific CD19 or MyD88 expression, resulted in an early shift from immune regulation towards inflammation at the fetomaternal interface and fetuses, resulting in PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Marie Uehre
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39108 Magdeburg, Germany;
- University Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39108 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Svetlana Tchaikovski
- University Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39108 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Atanas Ignatov
- University Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39108 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Ana Claudia Zenclussen
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany;
- Saxonian Incubator for Translation Research, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mandy Busse
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39108 Magdeburg, Germany;
- University Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39108 Magdeburg, Germany; (S.T.); (A.I.)
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11
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Zeng W, Takashima K, Tang Q, Zou X, Ojiro R, Ozawa S, Jin M, Ando Y, Yoshida T, Shibutani M. Natural antioxidant formula ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis and contextual fear memory through suppression of neuroinflammation in rats. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 131:102285. [PMID: 37150363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the ameliorating effects of a natural antioxidant formula (NAF) consisting of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract, docosahexaenoic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid, ferulic acid, flaxseed oil, vitamin E, and vitamin B12 on a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cognitive dysfunction model in rats. Six-week-old rats received a diet containing 0.5% (w/w) NAF for 38 days from Day 1, and LPS (1 mg/kg body weight) was administered intraperitoneally once daily on Days 8 and 10. On Day 11, LPS alone increased interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex and the numbers of M1-type microglia/macrophages and GFAP+ reactive astrocytes in the hilus of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. NAF treatment decreased brain proinflammatory cytokine levels and increased the number of M2-type microglia/macrophages. During Days 34-38, LPS alone impaired fear memory acquisition and the extinction learning process, and NAF facilitated fear extinction learning. On Day 38, LPS alone decreased the number of type-3 neural progenitor cells in the hippocampal neurogenic niche, and NAF restored the number of type-3 neural progenitor cells and increased the numbers of both immature granule cells in the neurogenic niche and reelin+ hilar interneurons. Thus, NAF exhibited anti-inflammatory effects and ameliorated LPS-induced adverse effects on hippocampal neurogenesis and fear memory learning, possibly through amplification of reelin signaling by hilar interneurons. These results suggest that neuroinflammation is a key factor in the development of LPS-induced impairment of fear memory learning, and supplementation with NAF in the present study helped to prevent hippocampal neurogenesis and disruptive neurobehaviors caused by neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zeng
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kazumi Takashima
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Qian Tang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Xinyu Zou
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Ryota Ojiro
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ozawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Meilan Jin
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yujiro Ando
- Withpety Co., Ltd., 1-9-3 Shin-ishikawa, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 225-0003, Japan
| | - Toshinori Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Makoto Shibutani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
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12
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Wu R, Liu J, Tang D, Kang R. The Dual Role of ACOD1 in Inflammation. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:518-526. [PMID: 37549395 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Immunometabolism is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on the relationship between metabolic pathways and immune responses. Dysregulated immunometabolism contributes to many pathological settings, such as cytokine storm or immune tolerance. Aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1, also known as immunoresponsive gene 1), the mitochondrial enzyme responsible for catalyzing itaconate production, was originally identified as a bacterial LPS-inducible gene involved in innate immunity in mouse macrophages. We now know that the upregulation of ACOD1 expression in immune or nonimmune cells plays a context-dependent role in metabolic reprogramming, signal transduction, inflammasome regulation, and protein modification. The emerging function of ACOD1 in inflammation and infection is a double-edged sword. In this review, we discuss how ACOD1 regulates anti-inflammatory or proinflammatory responses in an itaconate-dependent or -independent manner. Further understanding of ACOD1 expression and function may pave the way for the development of precision therapies for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runliu Wu
- Department of Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- DAMP Laboratory, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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13
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Park HJ, Choi J, Kim H, Yang DY, An TH, Lee EW, Han BS, Lee SC, Kim WK, Bae KH, Oh KJ. Cellular heterogeneity and plasticity during NAFLD progression. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1221669. [PMID: 37635938 PMCID: PMC10450943 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1221669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a progressive liver disease that can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), NASH-related cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NAFLD ranges from simple steatosis (or nonalcoholic fatty liver [NAFL]) to NASH as a progressive form of NAFL, which is characterized by steatosis, lobular inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning with or without fibrosis. Because of the complex pathophysiological mechanism and the heterogeneity of NAFLD, including its wide spectrum of clinical and histological characteristics, no specific therapeutic drugs have been approved for NAFLD. The heterogeneity of NAFLD is closely associated with cellular plasticity, which describes the ability of cells to acquire new identities or change their phenotypes in response to environmental stimuli. The liver consists of parenchymal cells including hepatocytes and cholangiocytes and nonparenchymal cells including Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells, and endothelial cells, all of which have specialized functions. This heterogeneous cell population has cellular plasticity to adapt to environmental changes. During NAFLD progression, these cells can exert diverse and complex responses at multiple levels following exposure to a variety of stimuli, including fatty acids, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Therefore, this review provides insights into NAFLD heterogeneity by addressing the cellular plasticity and metabolic adaptation of hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, hepatic stellate cells, and Kupffer cells during NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ju Park
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoung Choi
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunmi Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Yeon Yang
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyeon An
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek-Soo Han
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Biodefense Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kon Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hee Bae
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Oh
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Lin YC, Tsai WH, Chang SC, Hsu HC. Apoptotic Cell-Derived CD14(+) Microparticles Promote the Phagocytic Activity of Neutrophilic Precursor Cells in the Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells. Cells 2023; 12:1983. [PMID: 37566062 PMCID: PMC10417108 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Membranous CD14 is crucial in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils. However, the role of CD14(+) microparticles (MPs) derived from apoptotic neutrophils (apo-MP) during the phagocytic process is not clear. All trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) induces acute promyelocytic leukemic NB4 cells along granulocytic differentiation. In this study, we investigated the role of CD14(+)apo-MP in the cell-cell interaction during the phagocytic process of apoptotic cells by viable ATRA-NB4 cells. We firstly demonstrate that CD14 expression and phagocytic activity of NB4 cells were upregulated simultaneously after ATRA treatment in a time-dependent manner, and both were significantly enhanced via concurrent lipopolysaccharide treatment. The phagocytic activity of ATRA-NB4 cells and lipopolysaccharide-treated ATRA-NB4 cells were both significantly attenuated by pre-treating cells with an antibody specific to either CD14 or TLR4. Further flow cytometric analysis demonstrates that apoptotic ATRA-NB4 cells release CD14(+)apo-MP in an idarubicin dosage-dependent manner. Both CD14 expression and the phagocytic activity of viable ATRA-NB4 cells were significantly enhanced after incubation with apo-MP harvested from apoptotic ATRA-NB4 cells, and the apo-MP-enhanced phagocytic activity was significantly attenuated by pre-treating apo-MP with an anti-CD14 antibody before incubation with viable cells. We conclude that CD14(+)apo-MP derived from apoptotic ATRA-NB4 cells promotes the phagocytic activity of viable ATRA-NB4 cells in engulfing apoptotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chieh Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.)
- Sleep Medicine Center, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung 427, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hui Tsai
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 106, Taiwan;
| | - Shao-Chi Chang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-C.L.)
| | - Hui-Chi Hsu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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15
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Kang J, Mateu-Borrás M, Monroe HL, Sen-Kilic E, Miller SJ, Dublin SR, Huckaby AB, Yang E, Pyles GM, Nunley MA, Chapman JA, Amin MS, Damron FH, Barbier M. Monoclonal antibodies against lipopolysaccharide protect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa challenge in mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1191806. [PMID: 37424774 PMCID: PMC10326049 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1191806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of hospital-acquired infections, including central line-associated bloodstream infections and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Unfortunately, effective control of these infections can be difficult, in part due to the prevalence of multi-drug resistant strains of P. aeruginosa. There remains a need for novel therapeutic interventions against P. aeruginosa, and the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) is a promising alternative strategy to current standard of care treatments such as antibiotics. To develop mAbs against P. aeruginosa, we utilized ammonium metavanadate, which induces cell envelope stress responses and upregulates polysaccharide expression. Mice were immunized with P. aeruginosa grown with ammonium metavanadate and we developed two IgG2b mAbs, WVDC-0357 and WVDC-0496, directed against the O-antigen lipopolysaccharide of P. aeruginosa. Functional assays revealed that WVDC-0357 and WVDC-0496 directly reduced the viability of P. aeruginosa and mediated bacterial agglutination. In a lethal sepsis model of infection, prophylactic treatment of mice with WVDC-0357 and WVDC-0496 at doses as low as 15 mg/kg conferred 100% survival against challenge. In both sepsis and acute pneumonia models of infection, treatment with WVDC-0357 and WVDC-0496 significantly reduced bacterial burden and inflammatory cytokine production post-challenge. Furthermore, histopathological examination of the lungs revealed that WVDC-0357 and WVDC-0496 reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. Overall, our results indicate that mAbs directed against lipopolysaccharide are a promising therapy for the treatment and prevention of P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Margalida Mateu-Borrás
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Hunter L. Monroe
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Laboratory Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Emel Sen-Kilic
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Sarah Jo Miller
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Spencer R. Dublin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Annalisa B. Huckaby
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Evita Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Gage M. Pyles
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Mason A. Nunley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Josh A. Chapman
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Md Shahrier Amin
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Laboratory Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - F. Heath Damron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Mariette Barbier
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Vaccine Development Center, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
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16
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Najafi S, Sotoodehnejadnematalahi F, Amiri MM, Pourshafie MR, Rohani M. Prophylactic vs. Therapeutic Effect of Probiotics on the Inflammation Mediated by the NF-κB Pathway in Inflammatory Bowel Conditions. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1675. [PMID: 37371769 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotic supplements consumed adequately at the proper time can affect health by modulating inflammatory pathways in gastrointestinal epithelial cells and modifying the resultant inflammatory response. The current study applied in vitro models to investigate the effectiveness of probiotics in modulating inflammatory pathways and altering inflammatory gene expression in gastrointestinal epithelial cells, with the ultimate goal of promoting probiotic consumption as a therapeutic and preventive measure for chronic inflammatory bowel conditions. HT-29 cells were treated with Gram-negative bacteria to evaluate the changes in pathways related to inflammation activities before and after treatment with a Lactobacillus spp. cocktail (L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus, L. brevis, and L. ruteri) and a Bifidobacterium spp. cocktail (B. bifidum, B. langum, and B. breve) using the real-time PCR method and ELISA for IL-1β and IL-6 as pro-inflammatory cytokines. The results showed that the expression of NF-κB signaling pathway genes and IL-1β and IL-6 cytokines increased after exposure to Gram-negative components. In contrast, all probiotic combinations significantly decreased the expression of genes and the secretion of cytokines. However, this decrease was significantly smaller in cells that underwent probiotic treatment after inflammation induction. In addition, cocktails containing combined Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium demonstrated robust anti-inflammatory activity relative to solo cocktails. Our observations confirm that probiotic consumption could positively impact inflammatory conditions and alleviate inflammatory symptoms; they can be particularly effective as a preventive measure. Our study provides preliminary evidence to support the lifetime consumption of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Najafi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 14778-93855, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Mehdi Amiri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6619, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Rohani
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
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17
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Bartish M, Abraham MJ, Gonçalves C, Larsson O, Rolny C, Del Rincón SV. The role of eIF4F-driven mRNA translation in regulating the tumour microenvironment. Nat Rev Cancer 2023; 23:408-425. [PMID: 37142795 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00567-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cells can rapidly adjust their proteomes in dynamic environments by regulating mRNA translation. There is mounting evidence that dysregulation of mRNA translation supports the survival and adaptation of cancer cells, which has stimulated clinical interest in targeting elements of the translation machinery and, in particular, components of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) complex such as eIF4E. However, the effect of targeting mRNA translation on infiltrating immune cells and stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME) has, until recently, remained unexplored. In this Perspective article, we discuss how eIF4F-sensitive mRNA translation controls the phenotypes of key non-transformed cells in the TME, with an emphasis on the underlying therapeutic implications of targeting eIF4F in cancer. As eIF4F-targeting agents are in clinical trials, we propose that a broader understanding of their effect on gene expression in the TME will reveal unappreciated therapeutic vulnerabilities that could be used to improve the efficacy of existing cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Bartish
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Madelyn J Abraham
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christophe Gonçalves
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ola Larsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Rolny
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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18
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Reynoso M, Hobbs S, Kolb AL, Matheny RW, Roberts BM. MyD88 and not TRIF knockout is sufficient to abolish LPS-induced inflammatory responses in bone-derived macrophages. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:1225-1232. [PMID: 36971014 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play an important role in the response to infection and/or repair of injury in tissues. To examine the NF-κB pathway in response to an inflammatory stimulus, we used wild-type bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) or BMDMs with knockout (KO) of myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) and/or Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) via CRISPR/Cas9. Following treatment of BMDMs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce an inflammatory response, translational signalling of NF-κB was quantified via immunoblot and cytokines were measured. Our findings reveal that MyD88 KO, but not TRIF KO, decreased LPS-induced NF-κB signalling, and 10% expression of basal MyD88 expression was sufficient to partially rescue the abolished inflammatory cytokine secretion observed upon MyD88 KO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinaliz Reynoso
- U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Stuart Hobbs
- U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Alexander L Kolb
- U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Ronald W Matheny
- Military Operational Medicine Research Program, Fort Detrick, MA, USA
| | - Brandon M Roberts
- U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
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19
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Mączka W, Twardawska M, Grabarczyk M, Wińska K. Carvacrol-A Natural Phenolic Compound with Antimicrobial Properties. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050824. [PMID: 37237727 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of this article is to present the latest research related to selected biological properties of carvacrol, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. As a monoterpenoid phenol, carvacrol is a component of many essential oils and is usually found in plants together with its isomer, thymol. Carvacrol, either alone or in combination with other compounds, has a strong antimicrobial effect on many different strains of bacteria and fungi that are dangerous to humans or can cause significant losses in the economy. Carvacrol also exerts strong anti-inflammatory properties by preventing the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by inducing SOD, GPx, GR, and CAT, as well as reducing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the body. It also affects the body's immune response generated by LPS. Carvacrol is considered a safe compound despite the limited amount of data on its metabolism in humans. This review also discusses the biotransformations of carvacrol, because the knowledge of the possible degradation pathways of this compound may help to minimize the risk of environmental contamination with phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Mączka
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Martyna Twardawska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Grabarczyk
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wińska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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20
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Adori M, Khoenkhoen S, Zhang J, Dopico XC, Karlsson Hedestam GB. Enhanced B Cell Receptor Signaling Partially Compensates for Impaired Toll-like Receptor 4 Responses in LPS-Stimulated IκBNS-Deficient B Cells. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091229. [PMID: 37174629 PMCID: PMC10177494 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates dual receptor signaling by bridging the B cell receptor and Toll-like receptor 4 (BCR/TLR4). B cells from IκBNS-deficient bumble mice treated with LPS display reduced proliferative capacity and impaired plasma cell differentiation. To improve our understanding of the regulatory role of IκBNS in B cell activation and differentiation, we investigated the BCR and TLR4 signaling pathways separately by using dimeric anti-IgM Fab (F(ab')2) or lipid A, respectively. IκBNS-deficient B cells exhibited reduced survival and defective proliferative capacity in response to lipid A compared to B cells from wildtype (wt) control mice. In contrast, anti-IgM stimulation of bumble B cells resulted in enhanced viability and increased differentiation into CD138+ cells compared to control B cells. Anti-IgM-stimulated IκBNS-deficient B cells also showed enhanced cycle progression with increased levels of c-Myc and cyclin D2, and augmented levels of pCD79a, pSyk, and pERK compared to control B cells. These results suggest that IκBNS acts as a negative regulator of BCR signaling and a positive regulator of TLR4 signaling in mouse B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Adori
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sharesta Khoenkhoen
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jingdian Zhang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Molecular Metabolism and Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xaquin Castro Dopico
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Sun Y, Cao Z, Zhang P, Wei C, Li J, Wu Y, Zhou Y. IFN regulatory factor 3 of golden pompano and its NLS domain are involved in antibacterial innate immunity and regulate the expression of type I interferon (IFNa3). Front Immunol 2023; 14:1128196. [PMID: 36817435 PMCID: PMC9933344 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1128196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) plays an important role in host defence against viral infections. However, its role during bacterial infection in teleosts remains unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the antibacterial effects of Trachinotus ovatus IRF3 (TroIRF3) and how it regulates type I interferon (IFN). Methods Subcellular localisation experiments, overexpression, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were performed to examine the nuclear localisation signal (NLS) of TroIRF3 and its role in the antibacterial regulatory function of TroIRF3. We assessed the binding activity of TroIRF3 to the IFNa3 promoter by luciferase reporter assay. Results and Discussion The results showed that TroIRF3 was constitutively expressed at high levels in the gill and liver. TroIRF3 was significantly upregulated and transferred from the cytoplasm to the nucleus after Vibrio harveyi infection. By overexpressing TroIRF3, the fish were able to inhibit the replication of V. harveyi, whereas knocking it down increased bacterial replication. Moreover, the overexpression of TroIRF3 increased type I interferon (IFNa3) production and the IFN signalling molecules. The NLS, which is from the 64-127 amino acids of TroIRF3, contains the basic amino acids KR74/75 and RK82/84. The results proved that NLS is required for the efficient nuclear import of TroIRF3 and that the NLS domain of TroIRF3 consists of the key amino acids KR74/75 and RK82/84. The findings also showed that NLS plays a key role in the antibacterial immunity and upregulation of TroIFNa3 induced by TroIRF3. Moreover, TroIRF3 induces TroIFNa3 promoter activity, whereas these effects are inhibited when the NLS domain is deficient. Overall, our results suggested that TroIRF3 is involved in the antibacterial immunity and regulation of type I IFN in T. ovatus and that the NLS of TroIRF3 is vital for IRF3-mediated antibacterial responses, which will aid in understanding the immune role of fish IRF3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhenjie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Caoying Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jianlong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Ying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China,*Correspondence: Ying Wu, ; Yongcan Zhou,
| | - Yongcan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China,*Correspondence: Ying Wu, ; Yongcan Zhou,
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22
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Mizutani T, Ano T, Yoshioka Y, Mizuta S, Takemoto K, Ouchi Y, Morita D, Kitano S, Miyachi H, Tsuruyama T, Fujiwara N, Sugita M. Neutrophil S100A9 supports M2 macrophage niche formation in granulomas. iScience 2023; 26:106081. [PMID: 36843852 PMCID: PMC9947307 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium infection gives rise to granulomas predominantly composed of inflammatory M1-like macrophages, with bacteria-permissive M2 macrophages also detected in deep granulomas. Our histological analysis of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin-elicited granulomas in guinea pigs revealed that S100A9-expressing neutrophils bordered a unique M2 niche within the inner circle of concentrically multilayered granulomas. We evaluated the effect of S100A9 on macrophage M2 polarization based on guinea pig studies. S100A9-deficient mouse neutrophils abrogated M2 polarization, which was critically dependent on COX-2 signaling in neutrophils. Mechanistic evidence suggested that nuclear S100A9 interacts with C/EBPβ, which cooperatively activates the Cox-2 promoter and amplifies prostaglandin E2 production, followed by M2 polarization in proximal macrophages. Because the M2 populations in guinea pig granulomas were abolished via treatment with celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, we propose the S100A9/Cox-2 axis as a major pathway driving M2 niche formation in granulomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuaki Mizutani
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan,Laboratory of Cell Regulation and Molecular Network, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan,Corresponding author
| | - Toshiaki Ano
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan,Laboratory of Cell Regulation and Molecular Network, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuya Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan,Laboratory of Cell Regulation and Molecular Network, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mizuta
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Keiko Takemoto
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Ouchi
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan,Laboratory of Cell Regulation and Molecular Network, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Morita
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan,Laboratory of Cell Regulation and Molecular Network, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satsuki Kitano
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyachi
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Tsuruyama
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Masahiko Sugita
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan,Laboratory of Cell Regulation and Molecular Network, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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23
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Zeng F, Zheng J, Shen L, Herrera-Balandrano DD, Huang W, Sui Z. Physiological mechanisms of TLR4 in glucolipid metabolism regulation: Potential use in metabolic syndrome prevention. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:38-46. [PMID: 36428186 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Over-nourishment or an unbalanced diet has been linked to an increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. An imbalance in glucolipid metabolism is a major cause of metabolic syndrome, which has consequences for human health. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the innate immune pattern recognition receptor family, is involved in inflammation-related disorders, autoimmune diseases, and tumors. Recent research has shown that TLR4 plays a key role in glucolipid metabolism, which is linked to insulin resistance, intestinal flora, and the development of chronic inflammation. TLR4 activation regulates glucolipid metabolism and contributes to the dynamic relationship between innate immunity and nutrition-related disorders. Further, TLR4 regulates glucolipid metabolism by controlling glycolysis and pyruvate oxidative decarboxylation, interfering with insulin signaling, regulating adipogenic gene expression levels, influencing preadipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation, and altering the intestinal microbiota and permeability. TLR4 functions may provide new therapeutic applications for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this review is to enrich mechanistic research of diabetes, atherosclerosis, and other nutrition-related disorders by summarizing the role of TLR4 in the regulation of glucolipid metabolism as well as its physiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zeng
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China; Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Jiawei Zheng
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; School of Food & Bioengineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Li Shen
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | | | - Wuyang Huang
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; School of Food & Bioengineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Zhongquan Sui
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
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24
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Lee HH, Shin JS, Chung KS, Kim JM, Jung SH, Yoo HS, Hassan AHE, Lee JK, Inn KS, Lee S, Kim NJ, Lee KT. 3',4'-Dihydroxyflavone mitigates inflammatory responses by inhibiting LPS and TLR4/MD2 interaction. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154553. [PMID: 36610153 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported the potential inhibitory activity of 3',4'-dihydroxyflavone (DHF) on nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. PURPOSE We investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms of DHF in LPS-activated macrophages and evaluated its effect on LPS-induced septic shock in mice. METHODS To explore the anti-inflammatory effect of DHF, nitrite, PGE2, and cytokines were measured in vitro and in vivo experiments. In addition, to verify the molecular signaling pathway, quantitative real time-PCR, luciferase assay, nuclear extraction, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, immunocytochemistry, immunoprecipitation, molecular docking analysis, and myeloid differentiation 2 (MD2)-LPS binding assay were conducted. RESULTS DHF suppressed the LPS-induced expression of proinflammatory mediators through nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), activator protein-1 (AP-1), and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) inactivation pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Importantly, molecular docking analysis and in vitro binding assays showed that DHF interacts with the hydrophobic pocket of MD2 and then interferes with the interaction between LPS and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). DHF inhibited LPS-induced oxidative stress by upregulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Treatment of LPS-induced endotoxemia mice with DHF reduced the expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators via the inactivation of NF-κB, AP-1, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) in the lung tissue, thus increasing the survival rate. CONCLUSION Taken together, our data first time revealed the underlying mechanism of the DHF-dependent anti-inflammatory effect by preventing LPS from binding to the TLR4/MD2 complex. Therefore, DHF may be a possible anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of LPS-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwi-Ho Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sun Shin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sook Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Seang-Hwan Jung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Seok Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed H E Hassan
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Jong Kil Lee
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Inn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Jung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02247, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Shi X, Zhou H, Wei J, Mo W, Li Q, Lv X. The signaling pathways and therapeutic potential of itaconate to alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress in inflammatory diseases. Redox Biol 2022; 58:102553. [PMID: 36459716 PMCID: PMC9713374 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous small molecules are metabolic regulators of cell function. Itaconate is a key molecule that accumulates in cells when the Krebs cycle is disrupted. Itaconate is derived from cis-aconitate decarboxylation by cis-aconitate decarboxylase (ACOD1) in the mitochondrial matrix and is also known as immune-responsive gene 1 (IRG1). Studies have demonstrated that itaconate plays an important role in regulating signal transduction and posttranslational modification through its immunoregulatory activities. Itaconate is also an important bridge among metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and the immune response. This review summarizes the structural characteristics and classical pathways of itaconate, its derivatives, and the compounds that release itaconate. Here, the mechanisms of itaconate action, including its transcriptional regulation of ATF3/IκBζ axis and type I IFN, its protein modification regulation of KEAP1, inflammasome, JAK1/STAT6 pathway, TET2, and TFEB, and succinate dehydrogenase and glycolytic enzyme metabolic action, are presented. Moreover, the roles of itaconate in diseases related to inflammation and oxidative stress induced by autoimmune responses, viruses, sepsis and IRI are discussed in this review. We hope that the information provided in this review will help increase the understanding of cellular immune metabolism and improve the clinical treatment of diseases related to inflammation and oxidative stress.
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26
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Ganguly A, Ebrahimzadeh T, Komarovsky J, Zimmern PE, De Nisco NJ, Prasad S. DigEST
: Digital plug‐n‐probe disease Endotyping Sensor Technology. Bioeng Transl Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antra Ganguly
- Department of Bioengineering University of Texas at Dallas Richardson Texas USA
| | - Tahmineh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Texas at Dallas Richardson Texas USA
| | - Jessica Komarovsky
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Texas at Dallas Richardson Texas USA
| | - Philippe E. Zimmern
- Department of Urology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
| | - Nicole J. De Nisco
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Texas at Dallas Richardson Texas USA
| | - Shalini Prasad
- Department of Bioengineering University of Texas at Dallas Richardson Texas USA
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27
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Schnur S, Wahl V, Metz JK, Gillmann J, Hans F, Rotermund K, Zäh RK, Brück DA, Schneider M, Hittinger M. Inflammatory bowel disease addressed by Caco-2 and monocyte-derived macrophages: an opportunity for an in vitro drug screening assay. IN VITRO MODELS 2022; 1:365-383. [PMID: 37520160 PMCID: PMC9630817 DOI: 10.1007/s44164-022-00035-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a widespread disease, affecting a growing demographic. The treatment of chronic inflammation located in the GI-tract is dependent on the severity; therefore, the IBD treatment pyramid is commonly applied. Animal experimentation plays a key role for novel IBD drug development; nevertheless, it is ethically questionable and limited in its throughput. Reliable and valid in vitro assays offer the opportunity to overcome these limitations. We combined Caco-2 with monocyte-derived macrophages and exposed them to known drugs, targeting an in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) with a focus on the severity level and its related drug candidate. This co-culture assay addresses namely the intestinal barrier and the immune response in IBD. The drug efficacy was analyzed by an LPS-inflammation of the co-culture and drug exposure according to the IBD treatment pyramid. Efficacy was defined as the range between LPS control (0%) and untreated co-culture (100%) independent of the investigated read-out (TEER, Papp, cytokine release: IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α). The release of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α was identified as an appropriate readout for a fast drug screening ("yes-no response"). TEER showed a remarkable IVIVC correlation to the human treatment pyramid (5-ASA, Prednisolone, 6-mercaptopurine, and infliximab) with an R2 of 0.68. Similar to the description of an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework, we advocate establishing an "Efficacy Outcome Pathways (EOPs)" framework for drug efficacy assays. The in vitro assay offers an easy and scalable method for IBD drug screening with a focus on human data, which requires further validation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s44164-022-00035-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Schnur
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- PharmBioTec Research and Development GmbH, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Vanessa Wahl
- PharmBioTec Research and Development GmbH, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Julia K. Metz
- PharmBioTec Research and Development GmbH, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Fabian Hans
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- PharmBioTec Research and Development GmbH, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Ralf-Kilian Zäh
- Department of Automation, Microcontroller, Signals; School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences, htw saar, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Dietmar A. Brück
- Department of Automation, Microcontroller, Signals; School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences, htw saar, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marc Schneider
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marius Hittinger
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- PharmBioTec Research and Development GmbH, Saarbrücken, Germany
- 3RProducts Marius Hittinger, Blieskastel, Germany
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28
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Flow cytometric reporter assays provide robust functional analysis of signaling complexes. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102666. [PMID: 36334634 PMCID: PMC9747584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional assays to probe signaling protein interactions and function involve measurement of luciferase reporter expression within the bulk cell population, with lack of control over target-protein expression level. To address this issue, we have developed a rapid and robust flow cytometric assay for analysis of signaling protein function. A fluorescent reporter and fluorescent tagging of the target protein enables simultaneous assessment of protein expression and signaling within individual cells. We have applied our technique to the analysis of variants of the lipopolysaccharide receptor Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its adapter protein MyD88, using a NF-кB-responsive promoter driving mScarlet-I expression. The assay enables exclusion of nontransfected cells and overexpressing cells that signal spontaneously. Additionally, our assay allows the identification of protein variants that fail to express. We found that the assays were highly sensitive, with cells expressing an appropriate level of GFP-MyD88 showing approximately 200-fold induction of mScarlet-I by lipopolysaccharide, and we can detect subtle protein concentration-dependent effects of mutations. Importantly, the assay is adaptable to various signaling pathways.
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29
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Mahmud SA, Qureshi MA, Pellegrino MW. On the offense and defense: mitochondrial recovery programs amidst targeted pathogenic assault. FEBS J 2022; 289:7014-7037. [PMID: 34270874 PMCID: PMC9192128 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens employ a variety of tactics to persist in their host and promote infection. Pathogens often target host organelles in order to benefit their survival, either through manipulation or subversion of their function. Mitochondria are regularly targeted by bacterial pathogens owing to their diverse cellular roles, including energy production and regulation of programmed cell death. However, disruption of normal mitochondrial function during infection can be detrimental to cell viability because of their essential nature. In response, cells use multiple quality control programs to mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction and promote recovery. In this review, we will provide an overview of mitochondrial recovery programs including mitochondrial dynamics, the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt ), and mitophagy. We will then discuss the various approaches used by bacterial pathogens to target mitochondria, which result in mitochondrial dysfunction. Lastly, we will discuss how cells leverage mitochondrial recovery programs beyond their role in organelle repair, to promote host defense against pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siraje A Mahmud
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Arlington, TX, USA
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30
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Pascolutti R, Yeturu L, Philippin G, Costa Borges S, Dejob M, Santiago-Raber ML, Derouazi M. ATP128 Clinical Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine Activates NF-κB and IRF3 Pathways through TLR4 and TLR2 in Human Monocytes and Dendritic Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205134. [PMID: 36291919 PMCID: PMC9600632 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of cancer vaccines is a promising therapeutic strategy able to stimulate anti-tumor immunity by inducing both humoral and cellular immunity. In this study, antigen presenting cells play a key role by inducing a strong activation of the T cell-mediated adaptive immune response, essential for the anti-tumor potential of cancer vaccines. The first human candidate vaccine created from the KISIMA platform, ATP128, bears three tumor-associated antigens highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues. At the N-terminus, the cell-penetrating peptide allows the antigen delivery inside the cell and, together with the TLR agonist-derived peptide at the C-terminus, ensures the activation of the monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Here, we show that ATP128 leads to both NF-κB and IRF3 pathway activation, with subsequent pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I Interferon release, as well as an increase in the expression of costimulatory molecules, alongside an upregulation of MHC class I molecules. This cellular immune response involves TLR2 and TLR4, for both membrane and intracellular signaling. We demonstrated an endocytic component in ATP128’s activity by combining the use of a variant of ATP128 lacking the cell-penetrating peptide with endocytosis inhibitors. Importantly, this internalization step is detemined essential for the activation of the IRF3 pathway. This study validates the design of the self-adjuvanting ATP128 vaccine for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Pascolutti
- AMAL Therapeutics, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Lakshmi Yeturu
- AMAL Therapeutics, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Géraldine Philippin
- AMAL Therapeutics, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Stéphane Costa Borges
- AMAL Therapeutics, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Magali Dejob
- AMAL Therapeutics, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Marie-Laure Santiago-Raber
- AMAL Therapeutics, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.-L.S.-R.); (M.D.)
| | - Madiha Derouazi
- AMAL Therapeutics, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.-L.S.-R.); (M.D.)
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31
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Halajian EA, LeBlanc EV, Gee K, Colpitts CC. Activation of TLR4 by viral glycoproteins: A double-edged sword? Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1007081. [PMID: 36246240 PMCID: PMC9557975 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1007081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recognition of viral infection by pattern recognition receptors is paramount for a successful immune response to viral infection. However, an unbalanced proinflammatory response can be detrimental to the host. Recently, multiple studies have identified that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), resulting in the induction of proinflammatory cytokine expression. Activation of TLR4 by viral glycoproteins has also been observed in the context of other viral infection models, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), dengue virus (DENV) and Ebola virus (EBOV). However, the mechanisms involved in virus-TLR4 interactions have remained unclear. Here, we review viral glycoproteins that act as pathogen-associated molecular patterns to induce an immune response via TLR4. We explore the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying how viral glycoproteins are recognized by TLR4 and discuss the contribution of TLR4 activation to viral pathogenesis. We identify contentious findings and research gaps that highlight the importance of understanding viral glycoprotein-mediated TLR4 activation for potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katrina Gee
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Che C. Colpitts
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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32
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Busse M, Zenclussen AC. IL-10 Producing B Cells Protect against LPS-Induced Murine Preterm Birth by Promoting PD1- and ICOS-Expressing T Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172690. [PMID: 36078100 PMCID: PMC9454497 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells and in particular IL-10-secreting B cells emerge as important players in immune balance during pregnancy. We have recently revealed that CD19-deficient (CD19−/−), B cell-specific IL-10-deficient (BIL-10−/−) and B cell-deficient µMT pregnant mice are highly susceptible to LPS-induced preterm birth (PTB). We aimed to analyze the ability of IL-10-secreting cells to protect from PTB and the underlying mechanisms. Wild type (WT), CD19−/−, BIL-10−/− and µMT mice were treated with LPS at gd16 and the cellular immune response was investigated 24 h later. LPS-treated BIL-10−/− dams showed a more pronounced PTB phenotype compared to WT, CD19−/− and µMT females, and increased inflammatory and reduced anti-inflammatory mediator concentrations in the peritoneal cavity and serum. CD19−/−, BIL-10−/− and µMT mice displayed altered immune cell population frequencies in the blood and uterus with lower numbers of IL-10-secreting B cells and T cells. BIL-10−/− mothers presented decreased frequencies of uterine CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells. Co-stimulatory molecules are critical for feto-maternal tolerance and IL-10 secretion. We found dysregulated PD-1 expression in peripheral blood and ICOS expression in the uterus of CD19−/−, BIL-10−/− and µMT dams. Our data show that B cell-specific IL-10-signaling is essential for a balanced maternal immune response to an inflammatory stimulant that cannot be hampered without IL-10-secreting B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Busse
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39108 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ana Claudia Zenclussen
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Saxonian Incubator for Translation Research, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-341-2351265
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Wu R, Liu J, Wang N, Zeng L, Yu C, Chen F, Wang H, Billiar TR, Jiang J, Tang D, Kang R. Aconitate decarboxylase 1 is a mediator of polymicrobial sepsis. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabo2028. [PMID: 36001682 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo2028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a challenging clinical syndrome caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Here, we identified an unexpected proseptic activity of aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1) in monocytes and macrophages. Previous studies have suggested that ACOD1, also known as immune-responsive gene 1, is an immunometabolic regulator that favors itaconate production to inhibit bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced innate immunity. We used next-generation sequencing of lipopolysaccharide-activated THP1 cells to demonstrate that ACOD1 accumulation confers a robust proinflammation response by activating a cytokine storm, predominantly through the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway. We further revealed that the phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) on threonine-160 mediates the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 through receptor for activated C kinase 1, leading to JUN-dependent transcription of ACOD1 in human and mouse macrophages or monocytes. Genetic deletion of CDK2 or ACOD1 in myeloid cells, or the administration of the CDK inhibitor dinaciclib, protected mice against polymicrobial sepsis and was associated with improved survival and decreased cytokine storm. The expression of the CDK2-ACOD1 axis also correlated with severity of illness in a cohort of 40 patients with bacterial sepsis. Thus, our findings provide evidence for a previously unrecognized function of ACOD1 in innate immunity and suggest it as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runliu Wu
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- DAMP Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510510, China
| | - Nian Wang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ling Zeng
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Chunhua Yu
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, North Shore University Hospital and the Feinsteins Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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34
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Maciag K, Raychowdhury R, Smith K, Schneider AM, Coers J, Mumbach MR, Schwartz S, Hacohen N. IRF3 inhibits IFN-γ-mediated restriction of intracellular pathogens in macrophages independently of IFNAR. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:257-271. [PMID: 34826345 PMCID: PMC9550582 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0218-069rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages use an array of innate immune sensors to detect intracellular pathogens and to tailor effective antimicrobial responses. In addition, extrinsic activation with the cytokine IFN-γ is often required as well to tip the scales of the host-pathogen balance toward pathogen restriction. However, little is known about how host-pathogen sensing impacts the antimicrobial IFN-γ-activated state. It was observed that in the absence of IRF3, a key downstream component of pathogen sensing pathways, IFN-γ-primed macrophages more efficiently restricted the intracellular bacterium Legionella pneumophila and the intracellular protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. This effect did not require IFNAR, the receptor for Type I IFNs known to be induced by IRF3, nor the sensing adaptors MyD88/TRIF, MAVS, or STING. This effect also did not involve differential activation of STAT1, the major signaling protein downstream of both Type 1 and Type 2 IFN receptors. IRF3-deficient macrophages displayed a significantly altered IFN-γ-induced gene expression program, with up-regulation of microbial restriction factors such as Nos2. Finally, we found that IFN-γ-primed but not unprimed macrophages largely excluded the activated form of IRF3 from the nucleus following bacterial infection. These data are consistent with a relationship of mutual inhibition between IRF3 and IFN-γ-activated programs, possibly as a component of a partially reversible mechanism for modulating the activity of potent innate immune effectors (such as Nos2) in the context of intracellular infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Maciag
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | | | - Karen Smith
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Alexis M. Schneider
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jörn Coers
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | | | - Nir Hacohen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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35
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Zhang Z, Chen C, Yang F, Zeng YX, Sun P, Liu P, Li X. Itaconate is a lysosomal inducer that promotes antibacterial innate immunity. Mol Cell 2022; 82:2844-2857.e10. [PMID: 35662396 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes are the main organelles in macrophages for killing invading bacteria. However, the precise mechanism underlying lysosomal biogenesis upon bacterial infection remains enigmatic. We demonstrate here that LPS stimulation increases IRG1-dependent itaconate production, which promotes lysosomal biogenesis by activating the transcription factor, TFEB. Mechanistically, itaconate directly alkylates human TFEB at cysteine 212 (Cys270 in mice) to induce its nuclear localization by antagonizing mTOR-mediated phosphorylation and cytosolic retention. Functionally, abrogation of itaconate synthesis by IRG1/Irg1 knockout or expression of an alkylation-deficient TFEB mutant impairs the antibacterial ability of macrophages in vitro. Furthermore, knockin mice harboring an alkylation-deficient TFEB mutant display elevated susceptibility to Salmonella typhimurium infection, whereas in vivo treatment of OI, a cell-permeable itaconate derivative, limits inflammation. Our study identifies itaconate as an endogenous metabolite that functions as a lysosomal inducer in macrophages in response to bacterial infection, implying the potential therapeutic utility of itaconate in treating human bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fan Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Pengkai Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ping Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xinjian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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36
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Komal S, Komal N, Mujtaba A, Wang SH, Zhang LR, Han SN. Potential therapeutic strategies for myocardial infarction: the role of Toll-like receptors. Immunol Res 2022; 70:607-623. [PMID: 35608723 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09290-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a life-threatening condition among patients with cardiovascular diseases. MI increases the risk of stroke and heart failure and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several genetic and epigenetic factors contribute to the development of MI, suggesting that further understanding of the pathomechanism of MI might help in the early management and treatment of this disease. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are well-known members of the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) family and contribute to both adaptive and innate immunity. Collectively, studies suggest that TLRs have a cardioprotective effect. However, prolonged TLR activation in the response to signals generated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) results in the release of inflammatory cytokines and contributes to the development and exacerbation of myocardial inflammation, MI, ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocarditis, and heart failure. The objective of this review is to discuss and summarize the association of TLRs with MI, highlighting their therapeutic potential for the development of advanced TLR-targeted therapies for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumra Komal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Nimrah Komal
- Department of Pharmacology, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic Medical College, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Mirpur, 10250, Pakistan
| | - Ali Mujtaba
- Department of Pharmacology, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic Medical College, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Mirpur, 10250, Pakistan
| | - Shu-Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Li-Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Sheng-Na Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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37
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Bomfim CCB, Fisher L, Amaral EP, Mittereder L, McCann K, Correa AAS, Namasivayam S, Swamydas M, Moayeri M, Weiss JM, Chari R, McVicar DW, Costa DL, D’Império Lima MR, Sher A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Induces Irg1 in Murine Macrophages by a Pathway Involving Both TLR-2 and STING/IFNAR Signaling and Requiring Bacterial Phagocytosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:862582. [PMID: 35586249 PMCID: PMC9109611 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.862582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Irg1 is an enzyme that generates itaconate, a metabolite that plays a key role in the regulation of inflammatory responses. Previous studies have implicated Irg1 as an important mediator in preventing excessive inflammation and tissue damage in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Here, we investigated the pattern recognition receptors and signaling pathways by which Mtb triggers Irg1 gene expression by comparing the responses of control and genetically deficient BMDMs. Using this approach, we demonstrated partial roles for TLR-2 (but not TLR-4 or -9), MyD88 and NFκB signaling in Irg1 induction by Mtb bacilli. In addition, drug inhibition studies revealed major requirements for phagocytosis and endosomal acidification in Irg1 expression triggered by Mtb but not LPS or PAM3CSK4. Importantly, the Mtb-induced Irg1 response was highly dependent on the presence of the bacterial ESX-1 secretion system, as well as host STING and Type I IFN receptor (IFNAR) signaling with Type II IFN (IFN-γ) signaling playing only a minimal role. Based on these findings we hypothesize that Mtb induces Irg1 expression in macrophages via the combination of two independent triggers both dependent on bacterial phagocytosis: 1) a major signal stimulated by phagocytized Mtb products released by an ESX-1-dependent mechanism into the cytosol where they activate the STING pathway leading to Type I-IFN production, and 2) a secondary TLR-2, MyD88 and NFκB dependent signal that enhances Irg1 production independently of Type I IFN induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio C. B. Bomfim
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Logan Fisher
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Eduardo P. Amaral
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lara Mittereder
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Katelyn McCann
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - André A. S. Correa
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Basic and Applied Immunology - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sivaranjani Namasivayam
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Muthulekha Swamydas
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mahtab Moayeri
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonathan M. Weiss
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Raj Chari
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Daniel W. McVicar
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Diego L. Costa
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Basic and Applied Immunology - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria R. D’Império Lima
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Sher
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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38
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Surgical Strikes on Host Defenses: Role of the Viral Protease Activity in Innate Immune Antagonism. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11050522. [PMID: 35631043 PMCID: PMC9145062 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As a frontline defense mechanism against viral infections, the innate immune system is the primary target of viral antagonism. A number of virulence factors encoded by viruses play roles in circumventing host defenses and augmenting viral replication. Among these factors are viral proteases, which are primarily responsible for maturation of viral proteins, but in addition cause proteolytic cleavage of cellular proteins involved in innate immune signaling. The study of these viral protease-mediated host cleavages has illuminated the intricacies of innate immune networks and yielded valuable insights into viral pathogenesis. In this review, we will provide a brief summary of how proteases of positive-strand RNA viruses, mainly from the Picornaviridae, Flaviviridae and Coronaviridae families, proteolytically process innate immune components and blunt their functions.
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Li Y, Gong W, Li W, Liu P, Liu J, Jiang H, Zheng T, Wu J, Wu X, Zhao Y, Ren J. The IRG1-Itaconate axis: A regulatory hub for immunity and metabolism in macrophages. Int Rev Immunol 2022; 42:364-378. [PMID: 35468044 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2022.2067153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism could be served as a guiding force for immunity, and macrophages undergo drastic metabolic reprogramming during inflammatory processes, including enhancing glycolysis and reshaping the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle. The disrupted TCA cycle facilitates itaconate accumulation, consistent with the significant up-regulation of immune response gene 1 (IRG1) in activated macrophages. IRG1 catalyzes the decarboxylation of cis-aconitate to synthesize itaconate, and notably, the IRG1-Itaconate axis has excellent potential to link macrophages' immunity and metabolism. Here, we review vital molecules that affect the activation of the IRG1-Itaconate axis, including interferon regulatory factor 1/9 (IRF1/9), transcription 1 and 3 (STAT1/3), CCAAT enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ), and the protein kinase C (PKC). We then focus on how the IRG1-Itaconate axis regulates the inflammatory pathway in macrophages, proposed to involve kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), gasdermin D (GSDMD), activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIPK3), et al. In addition, we provide an overview of the way the axis participates in the metabolism of macrophages. Eventually, we summarize current connections between the IRG1-Itaconate axis and inflammatory diseases, bringing light to new therapeutic opportunities in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangguang Li
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenbin Gong
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China, Nanjing, China
| | - Weizhen Li
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Peizhao Liu
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juanhan Liu
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuwen Wu
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianan Ren
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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40
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Ciesielska A, Krawczy M, Sas-Nowosielska H, Hromada-Judycka A, Kwiatkowska K. CD14 recycling modulates LPS-induced inflammatory responses of murine macrophages. Traffic 2022; 23:310-330. [PMID: 35411668 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
TLR4 is activated by the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and triggers two pro-inflammatory signaling cascades: a MyD88-dependent one in the plasma membrane, and the following TRIF-dependent one in endosomes. An inadequate inflammatory reaction can be detrimental for the organism by leading to sepsis. Therefore, novel approaches to therapeutic modulation of TLR4 signaling are being sought after. The TLR4 activity is tightly connected with the presence of CD14, a GPI-anchored protein that transfers LPS monomers to the receptor and controls its endocytosis. In this study we focused on CD14 trafficking as a still poorly understood factor affecting TLR4 activity. Two independent assays were used to show that after endocytosis CD14 can recycle back to the plasma membrane in both unstimulated and stimulated cells. This route of CD14 trafficking can be controlled by sorting nexins (SNX) 1, 2, and 6, and is important for maintaining the surface level and the total level of CD14, but can also affect the amount of TLR4. Silencing of these SNXs attenuated especially the CD14-dependent endosomal signaling of TLR4, making them a new target for therapeutic regulation of the inflammatory response of macrophages to LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ciesielska
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Krawczy
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Sas-Nowosielska
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Hromada-Judycka
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kwiatkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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41
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A complex proinflammatory cascade mediates the activation of HSCs upon LPS exposure in vivo. Blood Adv 2022; 6:3513-3528. [PMID: 35413096 PMCID: PMC9198917 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
HSCs are transiently activated by acute LPS challenge via direct and indirect mechanisms, including CD115+ monocytic cells in BM. The combined action of IFNα, IFNγ, TNFα, IL-1α, IL-1β, and other cytokines is required to mediate HSC activation in response to LPS in vivo.
Infections are a key source of stress to the hematopoietic system. While infections consume short-lived innate immune cells, their recovery depends on quiescent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) with long-term self-renewal capacity. Both chronic inflammatory stress and bacterial infections compromise competitive HSC capacity and cause bone marrow (BM) failure. However, our understanding of how HSCs act during acute and contained infections remains incomplete. Here, we used advanced chimeric and genetic mouse models in combination with pharmacological interventions to dissect the complex nature of the acute systemic response of HSCs to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a well-established model for inducing inflammatory stress. Acute LPS challenge transiently induced proliferation of quiescent HSCs in vivo. This response was not only mediated via direct LPS-TLR4 conjugation on HSCs but also involved indirect TLR4 signaling in CD115+ monocytic cells, inducing a complex proinflammatory cytokine cascade in BM. Downstream of LPS-TLR4 signaling, the combined action of proinflammatory cytokines such as interferon (IFN)α, IFNγ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, and many others is required to mediate full HSC activation in vivo. Together, our study reveals detailed mechanistic insights into the interplay of proinflammatory cytokine-induced molecular pathways and cell types that jointly orchestrate the complex process of emergency hematopoiesis and HSC activation upon LPS exposure in vivo.
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Lei CX, Xie YJ, Li SJ, Jiang P, Du JX, Tian JJ. Fabp4 contributes toward regulating inflammatory gene expression and oxidative stress in Ctenopharyngodon idella. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 259:110715. [PMID: 34999220 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid-binding protein (Fabp)-4 is a member of the FABP family. Mammalian fabp4 has been demonstrated to involve in inflammation and immunity, whereas the related data of fish fabp4 remain limited. Therefore, we further investigated the effects of fabp4 on immunity in Ctenopharyngodon idella. The fabp4 sequence spanned 405 bp was cloned first, sharing high identity to fabp4 from other fish and mammals. Fabp4 expression was the highest in the adipose tissue, followed by the heart, muscle, and liver. In vivo, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggered the expression of fabp4, toll-like receptor (tlr)-22, interleukin (il)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-α in the kidney and spleen. In vitro, exposing C. idella CIK cells to LPS decreased their viability, and the expression of fabp4 was also increased by LPS. However, BMS309403, an inhibitor of FABP4, mitigated these effects. Furthermore, treating the cells with LPS or fabp4 overexpression plasmids resulted in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and upregulation of inflammatory genes expression, including tlr22, type-I interferon (ifn-1), interferon regulatory factor (irf)-7, tnfα, il-1β, and interferon-β promoter stimulator 1. These effects were ameliorated by preincubation with BMS309403. Moreover, incubating the cells with glutathione reduced the production of ROS and the expression of inflammatory genes that were evoked by LPS and plasmid treatments. These results showed that fabp4 acts as a pro-inflammatory molecule via elevating ROS levels, providing a novel understanding of the molecular regulation of innate immunity in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Xia Lei
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, PR China
| | - Yu-Jing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, PR China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Sheng-Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, PR China.
| | - Peng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, PR China
| | - Jin-Xing Du
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, PR China
| | - Jing-Jing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, PR China
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Potential Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a New Lyophilized Formulation of the Conditioned Medium Derived from Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030683. [PMID: 35327485 PMCID: PMC8944955 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The mesenchymal stem cells’ (MSCs) secretome includes the bioactive molecules released in the conditioned medium (CM), such as soluble proteins, free nucleic acids, lipids and extracellular vesicles. The secretome is known to mediate some of the beneficial properties related to MSCs, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and regenerative capacities. In this work, we aim to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of a new lyophilized formulation of CM derived from human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). With this aim, we treat hPDLSCs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and test the anti-inflammatory potential of lyophilized CM (LYO) through the evaluation of wound closure, transcriptomic and immunofluorescence analysis. LPS treatment increased the expression of TLR4 and of genes involved in its signaling and in p38 and NF-κB activation, also increasing the expression of cytokines and chemokines. Interestingly, LYO downregulated the expression of genes involved in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and p38 signaling. As a consequence, the genes encoding for cytokines and chemokines were also downregulated. Immunofluorescence acquisitions confirmed the downregulation of TLR-4 and NF-κB with the LYO treatment. Moreover, the LYO treatment also increased hPDLSCs’ migration. LYO was demonstrated to contain transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). These results suggest that LYO represents an efficacious formulation with anti-inflammatory potential and highlights lyophilization as a valid method to produce stable formulations of MSCs’ secretome.
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Marconi GD, Della Rocca Y, Fonticoli L, Guarnieri S, Carradori S, Rajan TS, Pizzicannella J, Diomede F. The Beneficial Effect of Carvacrol in HL-1 Cardiomyocytes Treated with LPS-G: Anti-Inflammatory Pathway Investigations. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020386. [PMID: 35204269 PMCID: PMC8869563 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Carvacrol (CAR), a natural phenolic monoterpene, possesses different biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The current study aimed to evaluate the response of HL-1 cardiomyocytes to an inflammatory stimulus triggered by lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis (LPS-G), alone or in co-treatment with CAR, to investigate the potential protective role of CAR in the inflammatory process through modulation of the TLR4/NFκB/NALP3/IL-1β pathway and ROS production. In an in vitro experiment, HL-1 cardiomyocytes were exposed to LPS-G and incubated with CAR. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of CAR by the reduction in TLR4, NFκB, NALP3, and IL-1β expression using immunofluorescence staining. Western blot analysis also validated the modulation of the TLR4/NFκB/NALP3/IL-1β pathway. ROS analyses confirmed the protective effects of CAR. Our results suggest that CAR could provide a significant protection role against inflammatory stimulus generated by LPS-G, involving the suppression of the TLR4/NFκB/NALP3/IL-1β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guya Diletta Marconi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Ylenia Della Rocca
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (Y.D.R.); (L.F.); (F.D.)
| | - Luigia Fonticoli
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (Y.D.R.); (L.F.); (F.D.)
| | - Simone Guarnieri
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | | | - Jacopo Pizzicannella
- Ss. Annunziata Hospital, ASL 02 Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (Y.D.R.); (L.F.); (F.D.)
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Wu R, Kang R, Tang D. Mitochondrial ACOD1/IRG1 in infection and sterile inflammation. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2:78-88. [PMID: 36789185 PMCID: PMC9924012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Immunometabolism is a dynamic process involving the interplay of metabolism and immune response in health and diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that impaired immunometabolism contributes to infectious and inflammatory diseases. In particular, the mitochondrial enzyme aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1, best known as immunoresponsive gene 1 [IRG1]) is upregulated under various inflammatory conditions and serves as a pivotal regulator of immunometabolism involved in itaconate production, macrophage polarization, inflammasome activation, and oxidative stress. Consequently, the activation of the ACOD1 pathway is implicated in regulating the pathogenic process of sepsis and septic shock, which are part of a clinical syndrome of life-threatening organ failure caused by a dysregulated host response to pathogen infection. In this review, we discuss the latest research advances in ACOD1 expression and function, with particular attention to how the ACOD1-itaconate pathway affects infection and sterile inflammation diseases. These new insights may give us a deeper understanding of the role of immunometabolism in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runliu Wu
- Department of Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA,Corresponding author: Daolin Tang, Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
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Effects of lipopolysaccharide on follicular estrogen production and developmental competence in bovine oocytes. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 237:106927. [PMID: 35074697 PMCID: PMC8928215 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.106927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Reproductive efficiency and female fertility is essential for productive and sustainable beef cattle operations. Gram-negative bacterial infections cause release of the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which initiates immune responses shown to alter ovarian steroidogenesis and impair oocyte development. The current study was designed to investigate the impact of varying levels of naturally occurring infection and follicular LPS on estradiol (E2) production and oocyte maturation. Bovine ovary pairs were harvested from a slaughterhouse, and oocytes were aspirated from small follicles and matured in vitro. Meiotic events were evaluated on nuclear maturation and spindle morphology to classify oocytes as normal or abnormal. Follicular fluid LPS concentrations were measured and subsequently separated into Low or High LPS groups. A marked difference was detected between the percent of abnormal oocytes matured from Low LPS follicles, compared to the percent of abnormal oocytes matured from High LPS follicles (P = 0.1). Follicular E2 concentrations tended to be greater for high LPS follicles (P = 0.1), however, relative abundance of mRNA transcripts for aromatase (P = 0.93) and beta-catenin (P = 0.63) were similar between groups. No changes were detected in Toll-like Receptor 4 (P = 0.15), Myeloid Differentiation Factor-2 (P = 0.61), or cluster of differentiation 14 (P = 0.46) mRNA transcript abundance in follicles with high LPS, compared to low. Therefore, even Low levels of follicular LPS indicating a subacute infection is capable of impacting the ovarian milieu and may represent an unappreciated factor leading to reduced female fertility and decreased cow retention.
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Swain B, Powell CT, Curtiss R. Virulence, immunogenicity and live vaccine potential of aroA and phoP mutants of Edwardsiella piscicida in zebrafish. Microb Pathog 2021; 162:105355. [PMID: 34902537 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination remains the most effective approach for prevention and control of infectious diseases in aquaculture. Edwardsiella piscicida is a causative agent of edwardsiellosis leading to mass mortality in a variety of fish species, leading to huge economic losses in the aquaculture industry. In this study, we have deleted the aroA and phoP genes in E. piscicida and investigated the phenotype, degrees of attenuation, immunogenicity, and ability to confer immune protection in zebrafish host. Our vaccine strain χ16028 with genotype ΔaroA11 ΔphoP12, showed significantly reduced growth, motility, biofilm formation and intracellular replication compared to the wild-type strain J118. In this regard, χ16028 exhibited retarded colonization and attenuation phenotype in zebrafish. Studies showed that χ16028 induced TLR4 and TLR5 mediated NF-kB pathway and upregulated cytokine gene expression i.e., TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and type-I IFN in zebrafish. Zebrafish immunized by intracoelomic injection (i.c.) with χ16028 showed systemic and mucosal IgM responses and protection against the wild-type E. piscicida i.c. injection challenge. However, the protection was only 25% in zebrafish following i.c. challenge. We speculate that our vaccine strain might be very attenuated; a booster dose may trigger better immune response and increase the percentage of survival to a more significant level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banikalyan Swain
- University of Florida, Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.
| | - Cole T Powell
- University of Florida, Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Roy Curtiss
- University of Florida, Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
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Establishment and Mechanism Study of a Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Mouse Model Using Lipopolysaccharide. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2021; 2021:1781532. [PMID: 34824967 PMCID: PMC8610681 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1781532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is aimed at establishing a lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) mouse model and investigating the underlying mechanism. C57BL/6N female mice were intraperitoneally injected with low-dose LPS (0.5 mg/kg) once daily for 14 days, high-dose LPS (2.5 mg/kg) twice weekly for 2 weeks, or cyclophosphamide (CTX; 150 mg/kg) once weekly for 2 weeks. Ovarian function was assessed by measuring the length of estrous cycle, the number of primordial follicles, and the levels of serum hormones. Expression and production of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) were determined to evaluate ovarian inflammation. Histopathological examination was performed to examine ovarian fibrosis. TUNEL assay was carried out to evaluate granulosa cell apoptosis. Western blotting was performed to measure the levels of inflammation-, fibrosis-, and apoptosis-related proteins in the mouse ovaries. Like CTX, both low- and high-dose LPS significantly impaired ovarian functions in mice, as evidenced by extended lengths of estrous cycles, reduced counts of primordial follicles, and alterations in the levels of serum hormones. Also, LPS promoted granulosa cell apoptosis and ovarian fibrosis in mice. However, LPS but not CTX promoted IL-1β expression and production in mice. Moreover, LPS but not CTX enhanced TLR, p-p65, p65, and MyD88 expression in mouse ovaries, suggesting that LPS differs from CTX in triggering ovarian inflammation. In general, continuous low-dose LPS stimulation was less potent than high-dose LPS to affect the ovarian functions. In conclusion, LPS may induce ovarian inflammation, fibrosis, and granulosa cell apoptosis and can be used to establish a POI model in mice.
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Qin Y, Jia L, Liu H, Ma W, Ren X, Li H, Liu Y, Li H, Ma S, Liu M, Li P, Yan J, Zhang J, Guo Y, You H, Guo Y, Rahman NA, Wołczyński S, Kretowski A, Li D, Li X, Ren F, Li X. Macrophage deletion of Noc4l triggers endosomal TLR4/TRIF signal and leads to insulin resistance. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6121. [PMID: 34675215 PMCID: PMC8531303 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26408-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In obesity, macrophages drive a low-grade systemic inflammation (LSI) and insulin resistance (IR). The ribosome biosynthesis protein NOC4 (NOC4) mediates 40 S ribosomal subunits synthesis in yeast. Hereby, we reported an unexpected location and function of NOC4L, which was preferentially expressed in human and mouse macrophages. NOC4L was decreased in both obese human and mice. The macrophage-specific deletion of Noc4l in mice displayed IR and LSI. Conversely, Noc4l overexpression by lentivirus treatment and transgenic mouse model improved glucose metabolism in mice. Importantly, we found that Noc4l can interact with TLR4 to inhibit its endocytosis and block the TRIF pathway, thereafter ameliorated LSI and IR in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanwu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiwen Li
- Agricultural Research Station, College of Agriculture, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA, USA
| | - Shuoqian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pingping Li
- Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union, Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghua Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiyan Zhang
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yangdong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of the Agro-Biotechnology, College of Horticultural Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua You
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Nafis A Rahman
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sławomir Wołczyński
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adam Kretowski
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Dangsheng Li
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiru Li
- Department of Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fazheng Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
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Prowse N, Hayley S. Microglia and BDNF at the crossroads of stressor related disorders: Towards a unique trophic phenotype. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:135-163. [PMID: 34537262 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Stressors ranging from psychogenic/social to neurogenic/injury to systemic/microbial can impact microglial inflammatory processes, but less is known regarding their effects on trophic properties of microglia. Recent studies do suggest that microglia can modulate neuronal plasticity, possibly through brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). This is particularly important given the link between BDNF and neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative pathology. We posit that certain activated states of microglia play a role in maintaining the delicate balance of BDNF release onto neuronal synapses. This focused review will address how different "activators" influence the expression and release of microglial BDNF and address the question of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) expression on microglia. We will then assess sex-based differences in microglial function and BDNF expression, and how microglia are involved in the stress response and related disorders such as depression. Drawing on research from a variety of other disorders, we will highlight challenges and opportunities for modulators that can shift microglia to a "trophic" phenotype with a view to potential therapeutics relevant for stressor-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Prowse
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Shawn Hayley
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
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