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Cunha C, Rodrigues P, Voss G, Martinez-Pecino R, Delerue-Matos A. Association between formal social participation and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults: a longitudinal study using SHARE data. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND COGNITION. SECTION B, AGING, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2024; 31:932-955. [PMID: 38402630 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2024.2315769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Formal social participation significantly impacts health and well-being, potentially mitigating cognitive decline, although not consistently across all studies. Existing research often focuses solely on baseline participation levels, and age-related differences have primarily been explored among the Asian population. Therefore, this longitudinal study aims to assess the association between formal social participation and cognition across different age groups in individuals aged 50+ living in Europe and Israel, while capturing the dynamic nature of formal social participation. We use data from three waves (four, six, and eight) of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), comprising 85,601 respondents. Linear mixed-effects models were applied. The results show that participation in formal social activities mitigates cognitive decline in middle-aged and older adults, especially among those aged 70 to 79 and 80+. These findings support the need for social policies promoting formal social activities, for lasting cognitive health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Cunha
- Communication and Society Research Centre, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Paula Rodrigues
- Communication and Society Research Centre, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Gina Voss
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Alice Delerue-Matos
- Communication and Society Research Centre, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Department of Sociology, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Baran K, Barczak B, Kloskowski A. Modeling lignin extraction with ionic liquids using machine learning approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 935:173234. [PMID: 38768717 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Lignin, next to cellulose, is the second most common natural biopolymer on Earth, containing a third of the organic carbon in the biosphere. For many years, lignin was perceived as waste when obtaining cellulose and hemicellulose and used as a biofuel for the production of bioenergy. However, recently, lignin has been considered a renewable raw material for the production of chemicals and materials to replace petrochemical resources. In this context, an increasing demand for high-quality lignin is to be expected. It is, therefore, essential to optimize the technological processes of obtaining it from natural sources, such as biomass. In this work, an investigation of the use of machine learning-based quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) modeling for the preliminary processing of lignin recovery from herbaceous biomass using ionic liquids (ILs) is described. Training of the models using experimental data collected from original publications on the topic is assumed, and molecular descriptors of the ionic liquids are used to represent structural information. The study explores the impact of both ILs' chemical structure and process parameters on the efficiency of lignin recovery from different bio sources. The findings give an insight into the extraction process and could serve as a foundation for further design of efficient and selective processes for lignin recovery using ionic liquids, which can have significant implications for producing biofuels, chemicals, and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Baran
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Beata Barczak
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Adam Kloskowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
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Overbeek MF, Rutters F, Nieuwdorp M, Davids M, van Valkengoed I, Galenkamp H, van den Born BJ, Beulens JWJ, Muilwijk M. Plasma sphingolipids mediate the association between gut microbiome composition and type 2 diabetes risk in the HELIUS cohort: a case-cohort study. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2024; 12:e004180. [PMID: 39025794 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2024-004180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The association between the gut microbiome and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) is potentially partly mediated through sphingolipids, however these possible mediating mechanisms have not been investigated. We examined whether sphingolipids mediate the association between gut microbiome and T2D, using data from the Healthy Life in an Urban Setting study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were of Dutch or South-Asian Surinamese ethnicity, aged 18-70 years, and without T2D at baseline. A case-cohort design (subcohort n=176, cases incident T2D n=36) was used. The exposure was measured by 16S rRNA sequencing (gut microbiome) and mediator by targeted metabolomics (sphingolipids). Dimensionality reduction was achieved by principle component analysis and Shannon diversity. Cox regression and procrustes analyses were used to assess the association between gut microbiome and T2D and sphingolipids and T2D, and between gut microbiome and sphingolipids, respectively. Mediation was tested familywise using mediation analysis with permutation testing and Bonferroni correction. RESULTS Our study confirmed associations between gut microbiome and T2D and sphingolipids and T2D. Additionally, we showed that the gut microbiome was associated with sphingolipids. The association between gut microbiome and T2D was partly mediated by a sphingolipid principal component, which represents a dominance of ceramide species over more complex sphingolipids (HR 1.17; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.28; proportional explained 48%), and by Shannon diversity (HR 0.97; 95% CI 0.95 to 0.99; proportional explained 24.8%). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that sphingolipids mediate the association between microbiome and T2D risk. Future research is needed to confirm observed findings and elucidate causality on a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin F Overbeek
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Rutters
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Davids
- Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Henrike Galenkamp
- Public Health, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Joline W J Beulens
- Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirthe Muilwijk
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Bie D, Li Y, Wang H, Liu Q, Dou D, Jia Y, Yuan S, Li Q, Wang J, Yan F. Relationship between intra-operative urine output and postoperative acute kidney injury in paediatric cardiac surgery: A retrospective cohort study. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2024:00003643-990000000-00204. [PMID: 39021216 DOI: 10.1097/eja.0000000000002044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intra-operative urine output (UO) has been shown to predict postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in adults; however, its significance in children undergoing cardiac surgery remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To explore the association between intra-operative UO and postoperative AKI in children with congenital heart disease. DESIGN A retrospective observational study. SETTING A tertiary hospital. PATIENTS Children aged >28 days and <6 years who underwent cardiac surgery at Fuwai Hospital from 1 April 2022 to 30 August 2022. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES AKI was identified by the highest serum creatinine value within postoperative 7 days using Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. RESULTS In total, 1184 children were included. The incidence of AKI was 23.1% (273/1184), of which 17.7% (209/1184) were stage 1, 4.2% (50/1184) were stage 2, and others were stage 3 (1.2%, 14/1184). Intra-operative UO was calculated by dividing the total intra-operative urine volume by the duration of surgery and the actual body weight measured before surgery. There was no significant difference in median [range] intra-operative UO between the AKI and non-AKI groups (2.6 [1.4 to 5.4] and 2.7 [1.4 to 4.9], respectively, P = 0.791), and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that intra-operative UO was not associated with postoperative AKI [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.971; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.930 to 1.014; P = 0.182]. Regarding the clinical importance of severe forms of AKI, we further explored the association between intra-operative UO and postoperative moderate-to-severe AKI (adjusted OR 0.914; 95% CI, 0.838 to 0.998; P = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS Intra-operative UO was not associated with postoperative AKI during paediatric cardiac surgery. However, we found a significant association between UO and postoperative moderate-to-severe AKI. This suggests that reductions in intra-operative urine output below a specific threshold may be associated with postoperative renal dysfunction. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT05489263.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Bie
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (DB, YL, HW, QL, DD, YJ, SY, JW, FY), and Medical Research and Biometrics Centre, National Clinical Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (QL)
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Visoki E, Moore TM, Zhang X, Tran KT, Ly C, Gataviņš MM, DiDomenico GE, Brogan L, Fein JA, Warrier V, Guloksuz S, Barzilay R. Classification of Suicide Attempt Risk Using Environmental and Lifestyle Factors in 3 Large Youth Cohorts. JAMA Psychiatry 2024:2821270. [PMID: 39018056 PMCID: PMC11255979 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.1887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Importance Suicide is the third-leading cause of death among US adolescents. Environmental and lifestyle factors influence suicidal behavior and can inform risk classification, yet quantifying and incorporating them in risk assessment presents a significant challenge for reproducibility and clinical translation. Objective To quantify the aggregate contribution of environmental and lifestyle factors to youth suicide attempt risk classification. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a cohort study in 3 youth samples: 2 national longitudinal cohorts from the US and the UK and 1 clinical cohort from a tertiary pediatric US hospital. An exposome-wide association study (ExWAS) approach was used to identify risk and protective factors and compute aggregate exposomic scores. Logistic regression models were applied to test associations and model fit of exposomic scores with suicide attempts in independent data. Youth from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS), and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia emergency department (CHOP-ED) were included in the study. Exposures A single-weighted exposomic score that sums significant risk and protective environmental/lifestyle factors. Main Outcome and Measure Self-reported suicide attempt. Results A total of 40 364 youth were included in this analysis: 11 564 from the ABCD study (3 waves of assessment; mean [SD] age, 12.0 [0.7] years; 6034 male [52.2%]; 344 attempted suicide [3.0%]; 1154 environmental/lifestyle factors were included in the ABCD study), 9000 from the MCS cohort (mean [SD] age, 17.2 [0.3] years; 4593 female [51.0%]; 661 attempted suicide [7.3%]; 2864 environmental/lifestyle factors were included in the MCS cohort), and 19 800 from the CHOP-ED cohort (mean [SD] age, 15.3 [1.5] years; 12 937 female [65.3%]; 2051 attempted suicide [10.4%]; 36 environmental/lifestyle factors were included in the CHOP-ED cohort). In the ABCD discovery subsample, ExWAS identified 99 risk and protective exposures significantly associated with suicide attempt. A single weighted exposomic score that sums significant risk and protective exposures was associated with suicide attempt in an independent ABCD testing subsample (odds ratio [OR], 2.2; 95% CI, 2.0-2.6; P < .001) and explained 17.6% of the variance (based on regression pseudo-R2) in suicide attempt over and above that explained by age, sex, race, and ethnicity (2.8%) and by family history of suicide (6.3%). Findings were consistent in the MCS and CHOP-ED cohorts (explaining 22.6% and 19.3% of the variance in suicide attempt, respectively) despite clinical, demographic, and exposure differences. In all cohorts, compared with youth at the median quintile of the exposomic score, youth at the top fifth quintile were substantially more likely to have made a suicide attempt (OR, 4.3; 95% CI, 2.6-7.2 in the ABCD study; OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 2.7-5.3 in the MCS cohort; OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 4.7-7.1 in the CHOP-ED cohort). Conclusions and Relevance Results suggest that exposomic scores of suicide attempt provided a generalizable method for risk classification that can be applied in diverse samples from clinical or population settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Visoki
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Lifespan Brain Institute of CHOP and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tyler M. Moore
- Lifespan Brain Institute of CHOP and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Xinhe Zhang
- Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kate T. Tran
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Lifespan Brain Institute of CHOP and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christina Ly
- Lifespan Brain Institute of CHOP and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mārtiņš M. Gataviņš
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Lifespan Brain Institute of CHOP and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Grace E. DiDomenico
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Lifespan Brain Institute of CHOP and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Leah Brogan
- Center for Violence Prevention, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joel A. Fein
- Center for Violence Prevention, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | | | - Sinan Guloksuz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ran Barzilay
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Lifespan Brain Institute of CHOP and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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Tan YB, Tay EH, Shahwan S, Zhang Y, Sambasivam R, Subramaniam M. Associations between parental bonding and health-related quality of life in a clinical sample of youths aged 14-35 years in Singapore. Singapore Med J 2024:00077293-990000000-00127. [PMID: 38993101 DOI: 10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2023-223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Individuals with psychiatric disorders tend to report having poorer bonds with their parents during their early years. These individuals often experience lower quality of life as well. This study investigated the associations between aspects of parental bonding and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in a clinical sample of youths. It was hypothesised that high parental care and low parental overprotectiveness would be associated with higher levels of HRQOL. METHODS Data were obtained from a larger cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 400 psychiatric outpatients: 191 patients aged 14-21 (mean ± standard deviation 18.1 ± 2.22) years and 209 patients aged 22-35 (28.0 ± 4.33) years. The Parental Bonding Instrument was used to measure parental care and overprotectiveness. Short Form-12 measured physical health (physical component summary [PCS]) and mental health (mental component summary [MCS]) components of HRQOL, and the 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire assessed depressive symptoms. These scales and a sociodemographic form were self-administered. Multivariable linear regression was used for analysis. RESULTS About half of the sample reported affectionless control for mothers (46.6%) and fathers (45.9%). After controlling for sociodemographic variables, no significant relationship was found between aspects of parental bonding and PCS scores. Maternal care was associated with MCS scores (β = 0.32, P < 0.01) and PHQ-8 scores (β = -0.12, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that youths who experienced quality care from their mothers exhibit better mental health functioning despite their clinical diagnoses, which suggests that early maternal care exerts an overall long-term protective effect. Early parental education that promotes positive parenting practices could improve the overall HRQOL of individuals in adulthood despite their clinical diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoke Boon Tan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
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Matsumoto K, Yamamoto Y, Shiroyama T, Kuge T, Mori M, Tamiya M, Kinehara Y, Tamiya A, Suzuki H, Tobita S, Ueno K, Niki T, Nagatomo I, Takeda Y, Kumanogoh A. Risk Stratification According to Baseline and Early Change in Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Chemoimmunotherapy: A Multicenter Real-World Study. Target Oncol 2024:10.1007/s11523-024-01084-7. [PMID: 38990462 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-024-01084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemoimmunotherapy is a standard treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, data on clinical predictive factors remain scarce. OBJECTIVE We aim to identify clinical biomarkers in patients undergoing chemoimmunotherapy. METHODS This multicenter, real-world cohort study included chemonaive patients who underwent chemoimmunotherapy between December 2018 and May 2022. Multivariate analysis was used to determine associations between survival outcomes and patient background, including baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and its dynamic change (ΔNLR). To further investigate the clinical significance of NLR, patients were classified based on their peripheral immune status, defined by a combination of NLR and ΔNLR. RESULTS The study included 280 patients with 30.1 months of median follow-up. Multivariate analysis revealed that older individuals, poor performance status, tumor proportion score < 1%, liver metastasis, baseline NLR ≥ 5, and ΔNLR ≥ 0 independently correlated significantly with shorter progression-free and overall survival (OS). Patients with high peripheral immune status (defined as NLR <5 and ΔNLR < 0) significantly improved long-term survival (2-year OS rate of 58.3%), whereas those with low peripheral immune status (defined as NLR ≥ 5 and ΔNLR ≥ 0) had extremely poor outcomes (2-year OS rate of 5.6%). Safety profiles did not differ significantly in terms of severe adverse events and treatment-related death rates despite the patients' peripheral immune status (P = 0.46 and 0.63, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides real-world evidence regarding clinical prognostic factors for the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy. The combined assessment of baseline NLR and ΔNLR could facilitate the identification of patients who are likely to achieve a durable response from chemoimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinnosuke Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Yamamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shiroyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Tomoki Kuge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Osaka Toneyama Medical Center, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Masahide Mori
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Osaka Toneyama Medical Center, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Motohiro Tamiya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuhei Kinehara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Nippon Life Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tamiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Suzuki
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Habikino, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tobita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyonobu Ueno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshie Niki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nishinomiya Municipal Central Hospital, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Izumi Nagatomo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshito Takeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Immunopathology, World Premier International (WPI), Immunology Frontier Research Center (iFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Center for Infectious Diseases for Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS (CAMaD), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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Aluh DO, Diaz-Milanes D, Azeredo-Lopes S, Barbosa S, Santos-Dias M, Silva M, Grigaitė U, Pedrosa B, Velosa A, Cardoso G, Caldas-de-Almeida JM. Coercion in Psychiatry: Exploring the Subjective Experience of Coercion Among Patients in Five Portuguese Psychiatric Departments. J Behav Health Serv Res 2024:10.1007/s11414-024-09890-7. [PMID: 38987414 DOI: 10.1007/s11414-024-09890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The subjective experience of coercion may have a more significant impact on clinical outcomes than formal coercive measures. This study aimed to investigate the subjective experience of coercion among patients on admission in Portuguese psychiatric departments by assessing their perceived coercion, procedural justice, and negative pressures during admission. The study also investigated whether this subjective experience of coercion changed with time during admission, and the predictors of this change. Validated instruments, including the McArthur Admission Experience Survey (AES) and the Client Assessment of Treatment Scale, were used to collect information from 208 adults admitted to five public psychiatric inpatient departments in rural and urban regions of Portugal. About a third (32.24%, n = 49) of the sample had a legal involuntary admission status, while more than a third of them perceived their admission to be involuntary (40.13%, n = 61). The subjective experience of coercion was significantly higher among people who perceived their admission to be involuntary compared to people who perceived their admission to be voluntary (Median = 10, IQR = 5.5 vs. Median = 3, IQR = 6; p < 0.001). Satisfaction with their care was significantly inversely correlated with the subjective experience of coercion (p < 0.01). The changes in the subjective experience of coercion at the second assessment were predicted by the perceived admission status rather than the legal admission status, and the initial procedural justice (p < 0.05). The study findings highlight the importance of improving procedural justice in psychiatric admissions, regardless of the legal status of admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Oyine Aluh
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (Chrc), NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria.
| | - Diego Diaz-Milanes
- Department of Quantitative Methods, Universidad Loyola Andalusia, Seville, Spain
- Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Sofia Azeredo-Lopes
- NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Statistics and Operational Research, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia Barbosa
- Unidade de Internamento Do Serviço de Psiquiatria E Saúde Mental de Adultos - Departamento de Saúde Mental Do Hospital Professor Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora, Portugal
| | - Margarida Santos-Dias
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Lisbon, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (Chrc), NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Manuela Silva
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Lisbon, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (Chrc), NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ugnė Grigaitė
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Lisbon, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (Chrc), NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Barbara Pedrosa
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Lisbon, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (Chrc), NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Velosa
- Serviço de Psiquiatria E Saúde Mental de Adultos, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Graça Cardoso
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Lisbon, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (Chrc), NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Miguel Caldas-de-Almeida
- Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Lisbon, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (Chrc), NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Gupta DK, Pramanick S, Singh AK. Vulnerability assessment of aerosol and climate variability for rice and maize yield using EO datasets for sustainable agriculture over India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:714. [PMID: 38976077 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12862-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Human-generated aerosol pollution gradually modifies the atmospheric chemical and physical attributes, resulting in significant changes in weather patterns and detrimental effects on agricultural yields. The current study assesses the loss in agricultural productivity due to weather and anthropogenic aerosol variations for rice and maize crops through the analysis of time series data of India spanning from 1998 to 2019. The average values of meteorological variables like maximum temperature (TMAX), minimum temperature (TMIN), rainfall, and relative humidity, as well as aerosol optical depth (AOD), have also shown an increasing tendency, while the average values of soil moisture and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR) have followed a decreasing trend over that period. This study's primary finding is that unusual variations in weather variables like maximum and minimum temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, soil moisture, and FAPAR resulted in a reduction in rice and maize yield of approximately (2.55%, 2.92%, 2.778%, 4.84%, 2.90%, and 2.82%) and (5.12%, 6.57%, 6.93%, 6.54%, 4.97%, and 5.84%), respectively. However, the increase in aerosol pollution is also responsible for the reduction of rice and maize yield by 7.9% and 8.8%, respectively. In summary, the study presents definitive proof of the detrimental effect of weather, FAPAR, and AOD variability on the yield of rice and maize in India during the study period. Meanwhile, a time series analysis of rice and maize yields revealed an increasing trend, with rates of 0.888 million tons/year and 0.561 million tons/year, respectively, due to the adoption of increasingly advanced agricultural techniques, the best fertilizer and irrigation, climate-resilient varieties, and other factors. Looking ahead, the ongoing challenge is to devise effective long-term strategies to combat air pollution caused by aerosols and to address its adverse effects on agricultural production and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep Kumar Gupta
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Subhajit Pramanick
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Abhay Kumar Singh
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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10
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Andica C, Kamagata K, Takabayashi K, Mahemuti Z, Hagiwara A, Aoki S. Reduced Diffusivity along Perivascular Spaces on MR Imaging Associated with Younger Age of First Use and Cognitive Impairment in Recreational Marijuana Users. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2024; 45:912-919. [PMID: 38383055 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The impairment of the glymphatic system, a perivascular network crucial for brain waste clearance, has been linked to cognitive impairment, potentially attributed to the accumulation of brain waste. Although marijuana use has been associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in adolescents, its influence on the glymphatic system remains unexplored. This study evaluated the influence of the age of first marijuana use and the total number of lifetime uses on the glymphatic system, measured using the index of DTI along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS). Furthermore, we explored the correlation between glymphatic clearance and cognitive performance among marijuana users. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 125 individuals who reported using marijuana at least once in their lifetime (43 men; mean age, 28.60 [SD, 3.84] years) and 125 individuals with zero lifetime cannabis use (nonusers; 44 men; mean age, 28.82 [SD, 3.56] years) were assessed. ALPS indices of all study participants were calculated using 3T diffusion MR imaging data (b = 1000 s/mm2). RESULTS After we adjusted for age, sex, education years, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, alcohol use, tobacco use, and intracranial volume, our analysis using a univariate General Linear Model revealed no significant difference in the ALPS index among nonusers and marijuana users with different ages of first use or various frequencies of lifetime usage. However, in marijuana users, multiple linear regression analyses showed associations between a lower ALPS index and earlier age of first marijuana use (standardized β, -0.20; P = .041), lower accuracy in the working memory 0-back task (standardized β, 0.20; P = .042), and fewer correct responses in the Fluid Intelligence Test (standardized β, 0.19; P = .045). CONCLUSIONS This study shows the potential use of DTI-ALPS as a noninvasive indirect indicator of the glymphatic clearance in young adults. Our findings show novel adverse effects of younger age at first use of marijuana on the glymphatic system function, which is associated with impaired working memory and fluid intelligence. Gaining insight into the alterations in glymphatic function following marijuana use could initiate novel strategies to reduce the risk of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Andica
- From the Department of Radiology (C.A., K.K., K.T., Z.M., A.H., S.A.), Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Health Data Science (C.A., S.A.), Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koji Kamagata
- From the Department of Radiology (C.A., K.K., K.T., Z.M., A.H., S.A.), Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaito Takabayashi
- From the Department of Radiology (C.A., K.K., K.T., Z.M., A.H., S.A.), Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zaimire Mahemuti
- From the Department of Radiology (C.A., K.K., K.T., Z.M., A.H., S.A.), Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akifumi Hagiwara
- From the Department of Radiology (C.A., K.K., K.T., Z.M., A.H., S.A.), Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Aoki
- From the Department of Radiology (C.A., K.K., K.T., Z.M., A.H., S.A.), Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Health Data Science (C.A., S.A.), Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
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11
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Xiang Y, Wang Y, Deng Y, Wang T, Chen J, He M. Independent and joint associations of multiple metals exposure with vital capacity index: a cross-sectional study in Chinese children and adolescents. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024:10.1007/s00420-024-02085-9. [PMID: 38969801 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to explore the relationships between urinary metals and vital capacity index (VCI) in 380 children and adolescents in Northeast China using a variety of statistical methods. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 380 children and adolescents in Liaoning Province, China. To assess the relationships between urinary metals and VCI, Elastic-net (ENET) regression, multivariate linear regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS), bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and quantile-based g computation (qgcomp) were adopted. RESULTS The ENET model selected magnesium (Mg), vanadium (V), manganese (Mn), arsenic (As), tin (Sn) and lead (Pb) as crucial elements. In multiple linear regression, we observed urinary Pb, Mn was negatively correlated with VCI individually in both total study population and adolescents (all p values < 0.05) in the adjustment model. The WQS indices were negatively related with VCI in total study population (β=-3.19, 95%CI: -6.07, -0.30) and adolescents (β=-3.46, 95%CI: -6.58, -0.35). The highest weight in total study population was Pb (38.80%), in adolescents was Mn (35.10%). In the qgcomp, Pb (31.90%), Mn (27.20%) were the major negative contributors to the association in the total population (β=-3.51, 95%CI: -6.29, -0.74). As (42.50%), Mn (39.90%) were the main negative contributors (β=-3.95, 95% CI: -6.68, -1.22) among adolescents. The results of BKMR were basically consistent with WQS and qgcomp analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that Pb and Mn were priority toxic materials on VCI. The cumulative effect of metals was negatively related to VCI, and this relationship was more pronounced in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Xiang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Ye Deng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Tianyun Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Jiamei Chen
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Miao He
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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12
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Hu J, Yang H, Yu M, Yu C, Qiu J, Xie G, Sheng G, Kuang M, Zou Y. Admission blood glucose and 30-day mortality in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: prognostic significance in individuals with and without diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1403452. [PMID: 39036046 PMCID: PMC11257984 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1403452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Diabetes is a significant risk factor for acute heart failure, associated with an increased risk of mortality. This study aims to analyze the prognostic significance of admission blood glucose (ABG) on 30-day mortality in Chinese patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), with or without diabetes. Methods This retrospective study included 1,462 participants from the JX-ADHF1 cohort established between January 2019 to December 2022. We conducted multivariate cox regression, restricted cubic spline, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and mediation analysis to explore the association and potential mechanistic pathways (inflammation, oxidative stress, and nutrition) between ABG and 30-day mortality in ADHF patients, with and without diabetes. Results During the 30-day follow-up, we recorded 20 (5.36%) deaths in diabetic subjects and 33 (3.03%) in non-diabetics. Multivariate Cox regression revealed that ABG was independently associated with 30-day mortality in ADHF patients, with a stronger association in diabetics than non-diabetics (hazard ratio: Model 1: 1.71 vs 1.16; Model 2: 1.26 vs 1.19; Model 3: 1.65 vs 1.37; Model 4: 1.76 vs 1.33). Further restricted cubic spline analysis indicated a U-shaped relationship between ABG and 30-day mortality in non-diabetic ADHF patients (P for non-linearity < 0.001), with the lowest risk at ABG levels approximately between 5-7 mmol/L. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that ABG had a higher predictive accuracy for 30-day mortality in diabetics (area under curve = 0.8751), with an optimal threshold of 13.95mmol/L. Finally, mediation analysis indicated a significant role of inflammation in ABG-related 30-day mortality in ADHF, accounting for 11.15% and 8.77% of the effect in diabetics and non-diabetics, respectively (P-value of proportion mediate < 0.05). Conclusion Our study confirms that ABG is a vital indicator for assessing and predicting 30-day mortality risk in ADHF patients with diabetes. For ADHF patients, both with and without diabetes, our evidence suggests that physicians should be alert and closely monitor any changes in patient conditions when ABG exceeds 13.95 mmol/L for those with diabetes and 7.05 mmol/L for those without. Timely adjustments in therapeutic strategies, including endocrine and anti-inflammatory treatments, are advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongyi Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Meng Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Changhui Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiajun Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Guobo Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Guotai Sheng
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Maobin Kuang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
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Kloprogge SES, Lachmipersad RMMR, Katier NN, Mailuhu AKEA, van Vooren JJ, van Ochten JMJ, Bindels PJEP, Bierma-Zeinstra SMAS, van Middelkoop MM. Prognostic factors and the value of radiographic osteoarthritis for persistent complaints after referral for ankle radiography. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2024; 68:152487. [PMID: 38996495 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2024.152487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankle symptoms are a common reason to consult the general practitioner and often persist for years. In a population referred for ankle radiography, the prevalence of radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) is substantial, but its additional predictive value for persistent symptoms is unknown. Therefore, we examined the prognosis of symptoms 2-3 years after referral for ankle radiography, assessed clinical prognostic factors, and the additional predictive value of radiographic OA for persistent ankle complaints. METHODS We included 893 adults referred for ankle radiography and studied the following candidate prognostic factors at baseline: age, sex, body mass index (BMI), referral for chronic complaints (>3 months), pain during activity (NRS-11) and presence of stiffness and functional loss as predominant symptom. X-rays were scored for radiographic OA. After 2-3 years participants were invited for a follow-up questionnaire including persistence of ankle complaints. To assess prognostic factors for persistent complaints, uni- and multivariable logistic regression were used. RESULTS Of the 194 responders at follow-up, ankle complaints persisted in 71(36.6 %). BMI (OR 1.08; 95 % CI 1.01-1.15), stiffness as predominant symptom (OR 1.69; 95 % CI 0.89-3.21), and chronic complaints (OR 2.84; 95 % CI 1.45-5.57) were in the initial model for persistent complaints (AUC=0.69). After adding radiographic OA (OR 2.36; 95 % CI 1.01-5.50), the AUC of the final model became 0.70. CONCLUSION Ankle complaints persist in a considerable proportion of patients 2-3 years after referral for ankle radiography. BMI, chronic complaints and radiographic OA are prognostic factors for persistent complaints, but the additional predictive value of radiographic OA on top of clinical factors is negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Sabine Kloprogge
- Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC Medical University Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | | | - N Nienke Katier
- Department of radiology, Albert Schweitzer Hospital Dordrecht, the Netherlands
| | - A K E Adinda Mailuhu
- Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC Medical University Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - J M John van Ochten
- Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC Medical University Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P J E Patrick Bindels
- Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC Medical University Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Tachino J, Demetriades AK, Peul W, Nakao S, Katayama Y, Tanaka K, Kitamura T, Hirose T, Kiyohara K, Umemura Y, Kiguchi T, Ojima M, Ishida K, Oda J. Effects of Concomitant Traumatic Spinal Cord and Brain Injury on In-Hospital Mortality: A Retrospective Analysis of a Nationwide Trauma Registry in Japan. J Neurotrauma 2024. [PMID: 38877809 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2024.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Isolated traumatic spinal cord injury (t-SCI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) represent significant public health concerns, resulting in long-term disabilities and necessitating sophisticated care, particularly when occurring concurrently. The impact of these combined injuries, while crucial in trauma management, on clinical, socioeconomic, and health care outcomes is largely unknown. To address this gap, our secondary retrospective cohort study used data from the Japan Trauma Data Bank, covering patients enrolled over a 13-year period (2006-2018), to elucidate the effects of concurrent t-SCI and TBI on in-hospital mortality. Data on patient demographics, injury characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine prognostic variables associated with in-hospital mortality, including interaction terms between t-SCI severity and TBI presence. This study included 91,983 patients with neurotrauma, with a median age of 62 years (69.7% men). Among the patients, 9,018 (9.8%) died in the hospital. Concomitant t-SCI and TBI occurred in 2,954 (3.2%) patients. t-SCI only occurred in 9,590 (10.4%) patients, whereas TBI only occurred in the majority of these cases (79,439, 86.4%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed age; sex; total number of comorbidities; systolic blood pressure at presentation; Glasgow coma scale score at presentation; and Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) scores for head, face, chest, abdomen, cervical-SCI, thoracic-SCI, and lumbar-SCI as significant independent factors for in-hospital mortality. The odds ratio of cervical-SCI × head AIS as an interaction term was 0.85 (95% confidence interval: 0.77-0.95), indicating a negative interaction. In conclusion, we identified 12 factors associated with in-hospital mortality in patients with t-SCI. In addition, the negative interaction between cervical t-SCI and TBI suggests that the presence of t-SCI in patients with TBI may be underestimated. This study highlights the importance of early recognition and comprehensive management of these complex trauma conditions while considering the possibility of concomitant t-SCI in patients with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jotaro Tachino
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Andreas K Demetriades
- University Neurosurgical Center Holland, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden-The Hague, The Netherlands
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Wilco Peul
- University Neurosurgical Center Holland, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden-The Hague, The Netherlands
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Shunichiro Nakao
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yusuke Katayama
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenta Tanaka
- Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Tetsuhisa Kitamura
- Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Tomoya Hirose
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kiyohara
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, Otsuma Women's University Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Umemura
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeyuki Kiguchi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ojima
- Department of Acute Medicine and Critical Care Medical Center, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Ishida
- Department of Acute Medicine and Critical Care Medical Center, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Oda
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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15
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Zhu J, Shan Y, Li Y, Xu X, Wu X, Xue Y, Gao G. Random forest-based prediction of intracranial hypertension in patients with traumatic brain injury. Intensive Care Med Exp 2024; 12:58. [PMID: 38954280 PMCID: PMC11219663 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-024-00643-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment and prevention of intracranial hypertension (IH) to minimize secondary brain injury are central to the neurocritical care management of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Predicting the onset of IH in advance allows for a more aggressive prophylactic treatment. This study aimed to develop random forest (RF) models for predicting IH events in TBI patients. METHODS We analyzed prospectively collected data from patients admitted to the intensive care unit with invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. Patients with persistent ICP > 22 mmHg in the early postoperative period (first 6 h) were excluded to focus on IH events that had not yet occurred. ICP-related data from the initial 6 h were used to extract linear (ICP, cerebral perfusion pressure, pressure reactivity index, and cerebrospinal fluid compensatory reserve index) and nonlinear features (complexity of ICP and cerebral perfusion pressure). IH was defined as ICP > 22 mmHg for > 5 min, and severe IH (SIH) as ICP > 22 mmHg for > 1 h during the subsequent ICP monitoring period. RF models were then developed using baseline characteristics (age, sex, and initial Glasgow Coma Scale score) along with linear and nonlinear features. Fivefold cross-validation was performed to avoid overfitting. RESULTS The study included 69 patients. Forty-three patients (62.3%) experienced an IH event, of whom 30 (43%) progressed to SIH. The median time to IH events was 9.83 h, and to SIH events, it was 11.22 h. The RF model showed acceptable performance in predicting IH with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.76 and excellent performance in predicting SIH (AUC = 0.84). Cross-validation analysis confirmed the stability of the results. CONCLUSIONS The presented RF model can forecast subsequent IH events, particularly severe ones, in TBI patients using ICP data from the early postoperative period. It provides researchers and clinicians with a potentially predictive pathway and framework that could help triage patients requiring more intensive neurological treatment at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Yingchi Shan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Yihua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xuxu Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minhang Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Yajun Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China.
| | - Guoyi Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Neurotrauma Laboratory, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
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16
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Wu Y, Sinclair G, Avanasi R, Pecquet A. Physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modeling of propiconazole using a machine learning-enhanced read-across approach for interspecies extrapolation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 189:108804. [PMID: 38857551 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
A significant challenge in the traditional human health risk assessment of agrochemicals is the uncertainty in quantifying the interspecies differences between animal models and humans. To work toward a more accurate and animal-free risk determination, new approaches such as physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modeling have been used to perform dosimetry extrapolation from animals to humans. However, the regulatory use and acceptance of PBK modeling is limited for chemicals that lack in vivo animal pharmacokinetic (PK) data, given the inability to evaluate models. To address these challenges, this study developed PBK models in the absence of in vivo PK data for the fungicide propiconazole, an activator of constitutive androstane receptor (CAR)/pregnane X receptor (PXR). A fit-for-purpose read-across approach was integrated with hierarchical clustering - an unsupervised machine learning algorithm, to bridge the knowledge gap. The integration allowed the incorporation of a broad spectrum of attributes for analog consideration, and enabled the analog selection in a simple, reproducible, and objective manner. The applicability was evaluated and demonstrated using penconazole (source) and three pseudo-unknown target chemicals (epoxiconazole, tebuconazole and triadimefon). Applying this machine learning-enhanced read-across approach, difenoconazole was selected as the most appropriate analog for propiconazole. A mouse PBK model was developed and evaluated for difenoconazole (source), with the mode of action of CAR/PXR activation incorporated to simulate the in vivo autoinduction of metabolism. The difenoconazole mouse model then served as a template for constructing the propiconazole mouse model. A parallelogram approach was subsequently applied to develop the propiconazole rat and human models, enabling a quantitative assessment of interspecies differences in dosimetry. This integrated approach represents a substantial advancement toward refining risk assessment of propiconazole within the framework of animal alternative safety assessment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxing Wu
- Product Safety, Syngenta Crop Protection LLC, Greensboro NC 27409, USA.
| | - Gabriel Sinclair
- Product Safety, Syngenta Crop Protection LLC, Greensboro NC 27409, USA
| | | | - Alison Pecquet
- Product Safety, Syngenta Crop Protection LLC, Greensboro NC 27409, USA
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17
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Souza IND, Figueiredo PHS, Silva KLS, Ávila MR, Oliveira LFFD, Almeida ILGI, Silva WT, Lacerda ACR, Mendonça VA, Costa HS. Factors associated with clinical severity in chronic venous disease: The role of functional parameters. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2024; 39:258-262. [PMID: 38876636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a highly prevalent disease that presents a wide spectrum of clinical expressions due to abnormalities in the venous system. Patients often have major functional changes that can limit daily activities. However, the functional factors associated with the severity of the disease remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE To identify the functional factors associated with CVD severity. METHODS Seventy-five patients with CVD (92.0% females, 49.6 ± 13.3 years) were evaluated through clinical examination, lower limb perimetry, ankle range of motion (AROM), and lower limb muscle strength by the Heel Rise test, and Sit-to-stand test. Patients were stratified according to the disease severity as mild (telangiectasia, varicose veins, or edema in the lower limbs) or severe CVD (trophic changes or venous ulcer). RESULTS Patients with severe CVD (n = 13) were older (p = 0.002), predominantly male (p = 0.007), with reduced AROM in dorsiflexion (p = 0.028) and inversion (p = 0.009), reduced lower limb strength by the Heel Rise test (p = 0.040), and greater circumference of the calf (p = 0.020), ankle (p = 0.003), and plantar arch (p = 0.041) when compared to mild CVD (n = 62). Advanced age, male sex, lower ankle range of motion in dorsiflexion, and greater ankle and plantar arch circumferences were associated with CVD severity. However, the ankle circumference (OR 1.258, 95% CI: 1.008-1.570; p = 0.042), together with advanced age and male sex, was the only functional variable that remained independently associated with CVD severity. CONCLUSION The increased ankle circumference was a determinant of the CVD severity and may assist in risk stratification and guide treatment goals in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara Nepomuceno de Souza
- Physiotherapy Department, Biological and Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Scheidt Figueiredo
- Physiotherapy Department, Biological and Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil; Postgraduate course in Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Keity Lamary Souza Silva
- Postgraduate course in Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Matheus Ribeiro Ávila
- Postgraduate course in Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fróis Fernandes de Oliveira
- Physiotherapy Department, Biological and Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Igor Lucas Geraldo Izalino Almeida
- Postgraduate course in Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Whesley Tanor Silva
- Postgraduate course in Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Rodrigues Lacerda
- Physiotherapy Department, Biological and Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil; Postgraduate course in Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Amaral Mendonça
- Physiotherapy Department, Biological and Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil; Postgraduate course in Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Henrique Silveira Costa
- Physiotherapy Department, Biological and Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil; Postgraduate course in Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil.
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Numakura K, Sekine Y, Osawa T, Naito S, Tokairin O, Muto Y, Sobu R, Kobayashi M, Sasagawa H, Yamamoto R, Nara T, Saito M, Narita S, Akashi H, Tsuchiya N, Shinohara N, Habuchi T. The lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio as a significant inflammatory marker associated with survival of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated using nivolumab plus ipilimumab therapy. Int J Clin Oncol 2024; 29:1019-1026. [PMID: 38797782 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-024-02538-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nivolumab plus ipilimumab (NIVO + IPI) is the first-line treatment for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). While approximately 40% of patients treated with NIVO + IPI achieve a durable response, 20% develop primary resistance with severe consequences. Therefore, there is a clinical need for criteria to select patients suitable for NIVO + IPI therapy to optimize its therapeutic efficacy. Accordingly, our aim was to evaluate the association between candidate biomarkers measured before treatment initiation and survival. METHODS This was a multi-institutional, retrospective, cohort study of 183 patients with mRCC treated with systematic therapies between August 2015 and July 2023. Of these, 112 received NIVO + IPI as first-line therapy: mean age, 68 years; men, 83.0% (n = 93), and clear cell histology, 80.4% (n = 90). Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to evaluate associations between biomarkers and survival. RESULTS On univariate analysis, high C-reactive protein and systemic index, a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and a low lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) were associated with shorter overall survival (OS). On multivariable analysis, a LMR ≤ 3 was retained as an independent factor associated to shorter OS with the highest accuracy (C-index, 0.656; hazard ratio, 7.042; 95% confidence interval, 2.0-25.0; p = 0.002). CONCLUSION A low LMR may identify patients who would be candidate for NIVO + IPI therapy for mRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Numakura
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
| | - Yuya Sekine
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Takahiro Osawa
- Department of Urology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Sei Naito
- Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ojiro Tokairin
- Department of Urology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yumina Muto
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Ryuta Sobu
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kobayashi
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Hajime Sasagawa
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Ryohei Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Nara
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Shintaro Narita
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Hideo Akashi
- Department of Anatomy, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Norihiko Tsuchiya
- Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nobuo Shinohara
- Department of Urology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tomonori Habuchi
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
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Pätzmann N, O'Dwyer PJ, Beránek J, Kuentz M, Griffin BT. Predictive computational models for assessing the impact of co-milling on drug dissolution. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 198:106780. [PMID: 38697312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Co-milling is an effective technique for improving dissolution rate limited absorption characteristics of poorly water-soluble drugs. However, there is a scarcity of models available to forecast the magnitude of dissolution rate improvement caused by co-milling. Therefore, this study endeavoured to quantitatively predict the increase in dissolution by co-milling based on drug properties. Using a biorelevant dissolution setup, a series of 29 structurally diverse and crystalline drugs were screened in co-milled and physically blended mixtures with Polyvinylpyrrolidone K25. Co-Milling Dissolution Ratios after 15 min (COMDR15 min) and 60 min (COMDR60 min) drug release were predicted by variable selection in the framework of a partial least squares (PLS) regression. The model forecasts the COMDR15 min (R2 = 0.82 and Q2 = 0.77) and COMDR60 min (R2 = 0.87 and Q2 = 0.84) with small differences in root mean square errors of training and test sets by selecting four drug properties. Based on three of these selected variables, applicable multiple linear regression equations were developed with a high predictive power of R2 = 0.83 (COMDR15 min) and R2 = 0.84 (COMDR60 min). The most influential predictor variable was the median drug particle size before milling, followed by the calculated drug logD6.5 value, the calculated molecular descriptor Kappa 3 and the apparent solubility of drugs after 24 h dissolution. The study demonstrates the feasibility of forecasting the dissolution rate improvements of poorly water-solube drugs through co-milling. These models can be applied as computational tools to guide formulation in early stage development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Pätzmann
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department Preformulation and Biopharmacy, Zentiva, k.s., Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Josef Beránek
- Department Preformulation and Biopharmacy, Zentiva, k.s., Prague, Czechia
| | - Martin Kuentz
- Institute of Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
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20
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Achour J, Abulizi D, Makinson A, Arvieux C, Bonnet F, Goujard C, Lambert O, Slama L, Blain H, Meyer L, Allavena C. One-Year Frailty Transitions Among Persons With HIV Aged 70 Years or Older on Antiretroviral Treatment. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofae229. [PMID: 38966850 PMCID: PMC11222971 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background People with HIV (PWH) are aging. Frailty is an age-related condition predictive of hospitalization and mortality. Here, we assessed the frequency and factors associated with frailty transitions at 1-year follow-up in elderly PWH. Methods Five hundred eight PWH aged 70 years or older who were on antiretroviral treatment were included in the French multicenter SEPTAVIH study in 2019-2020. Participants were classified as robust, prefrail, or frail according to Fried frailty phenotype at baseline and at 1 year. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate socioeconomic and medical factors associated with transition between frailty states. Models were adjusted for gender, age at baseline, education, and period of HIV diagnosis (before vs after 1996). Results Seventeen PWH died during the 1-year follow-up. Of the remaining 491 PWH (median age, 73 years), frailty status worsened for 18% of participants and improved for 14% at 1 year. Advanced age, baseline CD4+ T-cell count <350 cells/mm3, and type 2 diabetes were associated with transition from prefrailty to frailty (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.10 per 1-year positive difference; 95% CI, 1.01-1.20; aOR, 3.05; 95% CI, 1.14-8.18; and aOR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.05-6.57; respectively). Being female was associated with more frequent improvement from prefrailty to robustness (aOR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.09-5.55). Conclusions Preventing frailty in elderly PWH is a long-term problem, beginning with the early diagnosis of HIV infection and the management of comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannett Achour
- INSERM CESP, U1018, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Public Health Department, Bicêtre University Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Diane Abulizi
- INSERM CESP, U1018, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Alain Makinson
- Infectious Diseases Department, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Cédric Arvieux
- Infectious Diseases Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Fabrice Bonnet
- Internal Medicine Department, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cécile Goujard
- INSERM CESP, U1018, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Internal Medicine Department, Bicêtre University Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Oriane Lambert
- INSERM CESP, U1018, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Laurence Slama
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Hubert Blain
- Geriatrics Department, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Meyer
- INSERM CESP, U1018, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Public Health Department, Bicêtre University Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Clotilde Allavena
- INSERM, EA1413, Nantes, France
- Infectious Diseases Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
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21
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Ho LYW, Lai CYY, Lai CKY, Ng SSM. Fatigue predicts level of community integration in people with stroke. Top Stroke Rehabil 2024; 31:464-473. [PMID: 38176421 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2023.2298536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The independent predictive power of fatigue for community integration has not been investigated, although there is an increasing amount of literature that recognizes the importance of fatigue in people with stroke. OBJECTIVES To examine the correlation between community integration and fatigue, walking endurance, and fear of falling; and to quantify the relative contribution of fatigue to community integration in people with stroke. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study with 75 community-dwelling people with stroke. Data were collected using the Community Integration Measure (CIM), Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and Survey of Activities and Fear of Falling in the Elderly (SAFE). Multiple linear regressions (forced entry method) were used to quantify the relative power of the FAS score to predict community integration in a model covering distance in the 6MWT and the SAFE score. RESULTS After controlling for age, the CIM score significantly correlated with the scores for FAS (r=-0.48, p < 0.001), 6MWT distance (r = 0.24, p = 0.039), and SAFE (r=-0.39, p = 0.001). The entire model, including age, FAS score, 6MWT distance, and SAFE score, explained 26.1% of the variance in the CIM scores (F [4, 70] = 7.52, p < 0.001). The FAS scores independently explained 10.6% of the variance in the CIM scores. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that fatigue is an independent predictor of community integration among people with stroke, taking into account walking endurance and fear of falling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Y W Ho
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cynthia Y Y Lai
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Claudia K Y Lai
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shamay S M Ng
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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22
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Perez AV, Viana MV, Dall'Orto Thomazini L, Loss SH, de Machado FCR, do Nascimento AG, Kropidlofscky AP, Gerchman F, Leitão CB, Rech TH, Pellegrini JAS. Body mass index and mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19: another brick in the wall of the obesity paradox. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024. [PMID: 38946013 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the existence of the obesity paradox in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit. METHODS This was a multicentric retrospective cohort study including individuals aged 18 years or older admitted to the intensive care unit with SARS-CoV-2. Data were obtained from electronic medical records. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Multiple logistic regression and restricted cubic splines analyses were conducted to assess the association between BMI and mortality. RESULTS From March 2020 to December 2021, 977 patients met the inclusion criteria, and 868 were included in the analysis. Obesity was identified in 382 patients (44%). Patients with obesity more often underwent prone positioning (42% vs. 28%; p < 0.001), although they used less vasoactive medications (57% vs. 68%; p < 0.001). The overall in-hospital mortality was 48%, with 44% observed in the subgroup of individuals with obesity and 50% in those without obesity (p = 0.06). Patients with BMI < 25 kg/m2 had the highest mortality. CONCLUSIONS Obesity was not associated with higher mortality rates in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Moreover, patients with BMI < 25 kg/m2 had a higher mortality rate compared with those in higher BMI categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Vilaverde Perez
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marina Verçoza Viana
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Sérgio Henrique Loss
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fernando Gerchman
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Bauermann Leitão
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Helena Rech
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - José Augusto Santos Pellegrini
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Qiu J, Huang X, Kuang M, Yang R, Li J, Sheng G, Zou Y. Lipoprotein Combine Index as a Better Marker for NAFLD Identification Than Traditional Lipid Parameters. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:2583-2595. [PMID: 38946912 PMCID: PMC11214567 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s462181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The association between traditional lipid parameters and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been extensively discussed. This study aims to evaluate and compare the lipoprotein combine index (LCI) and traditional lipid parameters [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)] to identify NAFLD. Patients and Methods The analysis included 14,251 participants from the NAfld in the Gifu Area, Longitudinal Analysis (NAGALA). Logistic regression models were employed to calculate standardized odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for assessing and comparing the association of LCI and traditional lipid parameters with NAFLD. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to calculate the area under the curve (AUC) for LCI and traditional lipid parameters in identifying NAFLD. Results After adjusting for various confounders, we found that LCI was positively associated with NAFLD (OR=2.25, 95% CI 1.92-2.63), and this association was stronger than that of traditional lipid parameters [OR: TC1.23, TG1.73 LDL-C1.10]. Further subgroup analyses revealed that the association of LCI with NAFLD was stronger than other traditional lipid parameters in all subgroups, including men and women, overweight/obese [body mass index (BMI)≥25 kg/m2] and non-obese (BMI<25 kg/m2), and older (age≥45 years) and younger (age<45 years) participants. Additionally, ROC analysis indicated that LCI (AUC=0.8118) had significantly higher accuracy (All DeLong P<0.05) in identifying NAFLD compared to traditional lipid parameters (AUC: TC0.6309; TG0.7969; LDL-C0.6941); HDL-C0.7587). Sensitivity analysis further confirmed the robustness of the study findings. Conclusion This study revealed for the first time a positive correlation between LCI and NAFLD. Compared to traditional lipid parameters, LCI has a higher correlation with NAFLD. Additionally, further ROC analysis demonstrated that LCI had higher accuracy in identifying NAFLD compared to traditional lipid parameters, suggesting that LCI may be a better marker for NAFLD identification than traditional lipid parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Qiu
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Maobin Kuang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruijuan Yang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiachong Li
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guotai Sheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Zou
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
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Liberty IA, Septadina IS, Mariana, Novita E, Amalia R, Ananingsih ES, Hasyim H, Hanifah L. The characteristics and risk of obesity central and concomitant impaired fasting glucose: Findings from a cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305604. [PMID: 38917085 PMCID: PMC11198825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is associated with concomitant chronic conditions. An early metabolic consequence of obesity is disruption of glucose and insulin homeostasis. One of the consequences is impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Visceral fat is metabolically more harmful than subcutaneous fat, but few information is available regarding the association between the risk of abnormal glucose in increased waist circumference. METHODS This study is based on a cross sectional of 1,381 population-based from Palembang, Indonesia. The eligibility requirements subject were to be older than 18 and consent to taking fasting glucose and lipid profile tests as well as physical exams measuring their body weight, height, blood pressure, abdominal circumference, and waist circumference. RESULTS The number of subjects consisting of 798 noncentral obesity with normoglycemia, 376 central obesity with normoglycemia, and 207 central obesity with concomitant IFG. The prevalence central obesity with concomitant IFG was 35.51%. In subjects with central obesity, there were significant differences in proportions based on sex, age, marital status, education, and occupation. In multivariate analysis show that the risk factors that contribute to having a significant association with central obesity with concomitant IFG are sex (female), age (>40 years), blood pressure (hypertension), and HDL-C <50 mg/dL (p<0.001). The analysis also founded that there was a significant difference in the dietary pattern of sweet foods (p = 0.018), sweet drinks (p = 0.002), soft drinks (p = 0.001) and smoking habit (p<0.001) between subjects with obesity central and concomitant IFG compared to subjects with noncentral obesity. The majority of subjects with obesity central and concomitant IFG had consuming these risky foods >6 times/week. CONCLUSION The prevalence of central obesity with IFG is quite high. There are significant differences in the characteristics, lipid profile, blood pressure, dietary pattern, and smoking habit of central obesity with concomitant IFG was confirmed in this population-based observational study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iche Andriyani Liberty
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Indri Seta Septadina
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Mariana
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Emma Novita
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Resi Amalia
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah, Palembang, Indonesia
| | | | - Hamzah Hasyim
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Laily Hanifah
- Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Shioya A, Takata M, Kumagai M, Hoshi D, Han J, Oyama T, Haba Y, Morioka E, Inokuchi M, Noguchi M, Yamada S. Periarterial or perivenous invasion is an independent indicator of lymph node metastasis in invasive breast carcinoma of no special type. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155407. [PMID: 38936093 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Pathological diagnosis of breast cancer often includes cases of lymph node metastases without lymphatic or lymphovascular invasion by the primary tumor. In this study, to resolve this discrepancy, we designed a sensitive method to detect lymphatic invasion and correlate it with lymph node metastasis. Elastica van Gieson (EVG) staining and D2-40 immunohistochemistry revealed the abundant distribution of lymphatic vessels around blood vessels in the mammary tissue in close proximity to the elastic fibers around the arteries and veins. Based on the histological location of the blood and lymphatic vessels, we hypothesized that, in breast cancer, perivascular invasion is similar to lymphatic invasion and correlates with the presence of lymph node metastasis. Using EVG staining, perivascular invasion was histologically classified into periarterial invasion (periA), perivenous invasion (periV), and periarterial or perivenous invasion (periA/V). We tested our method and compared it to other methods commonly used for identifying lymphatic invasion in 105 patients with invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (IBC-NST) who received minimal preoperative therapy. The correlation between perivascular invasion and lymph node metastasis in these patients was statistically analyzed, including findings related to lymphatic invasion, such as retractile artifacts and perineural invasion. PeriA, periV, and periA/V showed significant correlations with lymph node metastasis. PeriA/V had high sensitivity and negative predictive value. The odds ratio (OR) for periV was significantly high in the univariate analysis, while the ORs for periA/V, retraction artifacts, and perineural invasion were significantly high in both the univariate and multivariate analyses. In particular, periA/V revealed a strong correlation with lymph node metastasis (OR: 61.8). These findings indicate that the IBC-NST periA/V ratio is a sensitive pointer of lymphatic invasion and could be an independent and reliable indicator of lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Shioya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan.
| | - Mao Takata
- Department of Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Motona Kumagai
- Department of Pathophysiological and Experimental Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hoshi
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Jia Han
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Takeru Oyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Haba
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Breast Center, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Emi Morioka
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Breast Center, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Masafumi Inokuchi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Breast Center, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Masakuni Noguchi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Breast Center, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Sohsuke Yamada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
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26
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Tsai CJ, Lin HY, Gau SSF. Correlation of altered intrinsic functional connectivity with impaired self-regulation in children and adolescents with ADHD. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-024-01787-y. [PMID: 38906983 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01787-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a high prevalence of co-occurring impaired self-regulation (dysregulation), exacerbating adverse outcomes. Neural correlates underlying impaired self-regulation in ADHD remain inconclusive. We aimed to investigate the impact of dysregulation on intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) in children with ADHD and the correlation of iFC with dysregulation among children with ADHD relative to typically developing controls (TDC). METHODS Resting-state functional MRI data of 71 children with ADHD (11.38 ± 2.44 years) and 117 age-matched TDC were used in the final analysis. We restricted our analyses to resting-state networks (RSNs) of interest derived from independent component analysis. Impaired self-regulation was estimated based on the Child Behavioral Checklist-Dysregulation Profile. RESULTS Children with ADHD showed stronger iFC than TDC in the left frontoparietal network, somatomotor network (SMN), visual network (VIS), default-mode network (DMN), and dorsal attention network (DAN) (FWE-corrected alpha < 0.05). After adding dysregulation levels as an extra regressor, the ADHD group only showed stronger iFC in the VIS and SMN. ADHD children with high dysregulation had higher precuneus iFC within DMN than ADHD children with low dysregulation. Angular gyrus iFC within DMN was positively correlated with dysregulation in the ADHD group but negatively correlated with dysregulation in the TDC group. Functional network connectivity showed ADHD had a greater DMN-DAN connection than TDC, regardless of the dysregulation level. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that DMN connectivity may contribute to impaired self-regulation in ADHD. Impaired self-regulation should be considered categorical and dimensional moderators for the neural correlates of altered iFC in ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Jui Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yuan Lin
- Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susan Shur-Fen Gau
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Tidd SJS, Zhang RX, Cantrell C, Nowacki AS, Singh T, Wilson R. Factors associated with initiation of pharmacological therapy and treatment changes in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1411960. [PMID: 38966085 PMCID: PMC11222644 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1411960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a heterogenous disorder of the autonomic nervous system that is often disabling. There are no FDA-approved therapies for the treatment of this condition. While some patients recover with baseline non-pharmacological intervention, others require repeated trials of off-label pharmacological therapies. The reasoning for this variable treatment response is unknown. The purpose of this work is to identify potential factors that are associated with higher odds of starting pharmacotherapy and/or a higher rate of POTS treatment changes. Methods Chart review of demographic, disease and treatment descriptions, medical history, and tilt table examinations of 322 POTS patients who were diagnosed between 2018 and 2020 at our tertiary care center was completed. We first identified the most significant factors associated with an increased odds of starting pharmacotherapy using variable selection techniques and logistic regression. We then identified the most significant factors associated with changes in POTS treatment strategies using variable selection techniques and negative binomial regression modeling. A significance level of 0.05 was utilized. Results A total of 752 POTS-specific treatment courses were cataloged, and 429 treatment changes were observed. The most cited reason for a change in management was uncontrolled symptoms. History of migraine headaches, reported fatigue, reported palpitations and a previous POTS diagnosis at an outside institution were found to be associated with a higher odds of starting pharmacotherapy for POTS symptoms (Odds Ratio of 2.40, 1.94, 2.62, 2.08, respectively). History of migraine headaches, reported fatigue, and higher heart rate differences on tilt table examination were found to be associated with an increase in the rate of POTS treatment changes (44, 66, 13% increase in incidence rate, respectively), while reported neck pain was associated with a decrease (27% decrease in incidence rate). Conclusion Our work identifies important areas of focus in the development of high-quality trials involving both the non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment of POTS and highlights several characteristics of patients that may be more refractory to both baseline non-pharmacological treatments and current pharmacological treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan X. Zhang
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Amy S. Nowacki
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Tamanna Singh
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Robert Wilson
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Neuromuscular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
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28
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Trefz FM, Balmer M, Peters LM, Bruckmaier RM, Meylan M. Association of results of the glutaraldehyde coagulation test with plasma acute phase protein concentrations and hematologic findings in hospitalized cows. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1404809. [PMID: 38962710 PMCID: PMC11220118 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1404809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The glutaraldehyde test (GAT) allows for animal-side semi-quantitative estimation of fibrinogen and gamma-globulin concentrations in blood samples of adult cattle and therefore detection of inflammatory disease conditions. However, the test has potential limitations, especially due to the latency period until sufficiently high fibrinogen and/or gamma-globulin concentrations are reached. The aim of the present study was therefore to assess the association between results of GAT with other inflammatory markers including hematologic variables, fibrinogen, plasma haptoglobin and serum amyloid A (SAA) concentrations. Methods For the purpose of this prospective observational study, a convenience sample of 202 cows with a broad range of inflammatory and non-inflammatory clinical conditions was included. The GAT was run on EDTA blood, fibrinogen was measured using the Clauss and the heat precipitation method, and commercially available ELISA tests were used for determination of plasma haptoglobin and SAA concentrations. Results Shortened GAT coagulation times were more closely correlated to serum globulin (rs = -0.72) than to plasma fibrinogen concentrations measured with the heat precipitation (rs = -0.64) and the Clauss method (rs = -0.70). Cows with a markedly (≤3 min) or moderately (4-6 min) shortened coagulation time had higher (p < 0.001) plasma haptoglobin and SAA concentrations than cows with a negative test result. Total leukocyte, monocyte and neutrophil concentrations did not differ significantly between groups. An identified cut-off for the GAT coagulation time of ≤14 min had a sensitivity and specificity of 54.4 and 100%, respectively, for the prediction of an inflammatory state based on clinical findings and/or increased plasma haptoglobin or SAA concentrations. Discussion In conclusion, this study demonstrates considerable diagnostic agreement between positive GAT results and increased plasma concentrations of haptoglobin and SAA. Despite high specificity, the test lacks sensitivity in case of acute inflammatory conditions indicating that plasma acute phase protein concentrations and hematologic findings can provide additional diagnostic information if the GAT is negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian M. Trefz
- Clinic for Ruminants, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulatory and Herd Health Services, Centre of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Martina Balmer
- Clinic for Ruminants, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laureen M. Peters
- Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Mireille Meylan
- Clinic for Ruminants, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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29
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Baudo M, Sicouri S, Yamashita Y, Ridwan K, Kadri A, Goldman SM, Rodriguez R, Gnall EM, Coady PM, Reardon MJ, Gada H, Gray WA, Ramlawi B. Improved Hemodynamics With Self-Expanding Compared to Balloon-Expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Small Annulus Patients: A Propensity-Matched Analysis. Am J Cardiol 2024; 221:9-18. [PMID: 38636627 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Patients with small aortic annuli (SAA) pose a challenge in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement because of the potential for prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM). This study aimed to compare the clinical and hemodynamic outcomes of self-expandable valve (SEV) versus balloon-expandable valve (BEV) transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients with severe aortic stenosis and SAA. All patients who underwent TAVI for severe native aortic stenosis with a SAA between January 2018 and December 2022 were retrospectively included in the study from a single center. Propensity score matching was performed to balance the baseline characteristics. Bioprosthesis valve dysfunction was based on modified Valve Academic Research Consortium 3 criteria. A total of 1,170 TAVI procedures were performed between 2018 and 2022. After applying the exclusion criteria, 332 patients reported a SAA at computed tomography scan, and the matching created 109 balanced pairs. Echocardiographic data at discharge showed higher mean transvalvular gradients (p <0.001), higher grades of mitral regurgitation (p = 0.029), and lower ejection fraction (p <0.043) in BEVs than SEVs. At follow-up, significant differences favoring the SEV group regarding bioprosthesis valve dysfunction were observed (p = 0.002), especially in terms of severe PPM (p = 0.046) and at least moderate structural valve deterioration (p = 0.040). In conclusion, TAVI in patients with SAA using a BEV was associated with lower valve areas, higher mean pressure gradients, and PPM (including severe) than a SEV. Short- and midterm all-cause and cardiac-related mortality did not differ between the 2 groups. Future randomized studies with extended follow-ups are warranted to validate these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Baudo
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Institute, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania.
| | - Serge Sicouri
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Yoshiyuki Yamashita
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Institute, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Khalid Ridwan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Institute, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Amer Kadri
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Lankenau Heart Institute, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Scott M Goldman
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Institute, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Roberto Rodriguez
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Institute, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Eric M Gnall
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Lankenau Heart Institute, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Paul M Coady
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Lankenau Heart Institute, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael J Reardon
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hemal Gada
- Structural Heart Program, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pinnacle Health, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
| | - William A Gray
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Lankenau Heart Institute, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Basel Ramlawi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Institute, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
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30
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Fond G, Smith L, Tran B, Lucas G, Nguyen TT, Yon DK, Boyer L. Unmasking the triad of burnout, absenteeism, and poor sleep among healthcare workers during the third wave of COVID-19 pandemics. Results from the national AMADEUS study. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:247-253. [PMID: 38554883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout and absenteeism are prevalent among healthcare workers, reflecting prolonged work-related stress and dissatisfaction with their job. Identifying poor sleep as a contributing factor can assist in developing targeted interventions. This study explored the relationship between burnout, absenteeism, and sleep among healthcare workers. METHODS A nationwide online cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare professionals in France during the third wave of COVID-19, from May 2021 to June 2021. Recruitment strategies included outreach through social and professional networks and email invitations. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, absenteeism through self-reported days absent in the preceding 12 months, and sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The association between burnout, absenteeism, and poor sleep was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression, accounting for individual and professional variables. The study also explored various sleep dimension abnormalities. RESULTS Of 10,087 healthcare workers, 55.2 % reported burnout, 20.5 % absenteeism, and 64.8 % poor sleep. Burnout and absenteeism were more frequent in individuals with poor sleep compared to those with good sleep (74.2 % vs. 25.8 % and 75.6 % vs. 24.4 %, respectively). The multivariate analyses confirmed the associations between burnout, absenteeism, and poor sleep (Adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 2.15, 95 % CI [1.97-2.35], p < 0.001; and aOR = 1.49, 95 % CI [1.32-1.67], p < 0.001, respectively). INTERPRETATION The study highlighted the intricate relationship between burnout, absenteeism, and poor sleep among healthcare professionals, informing workforce management and policy decisions to foster a supportive work environment and enhance their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Fond
- Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bach Tran
- Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Guillaume Lucas
- Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Tham Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam; Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Aix-Marseille University, CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 27, boulevard Jean -Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
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Qiu J, Huang X, Kuang M, Wang C, Yu C, He S, Xie G, Wu Z, Sheng G, Zou Y. Evaluating the prognostic value of systemic immune-inflammatory index in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. ESC Heart Fail 2024. [PMID: 38867498 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The value of the systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) in assessing adverse outcomes in various cardiovascular diseases has been extensively discussed. This study aims to evaluate the predictive value and risk stratification ability of SII for 30 day mortality in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). METHODS This analysis included 1452 patients hospitalized for ADHF, all the participants being part of the China Jiangxi-acute decompensated heart failure1 project. The risk stratification capability of the SII in patients with ADHF, as well as its correlation with the 30 day mortality risk among ADHF patients, was evaluated utilizing Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariable Cox regression models. A restricted cubic spline was employed to model the dose-response relationship between the two, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was utilized to assess the predictive ability of SII for 30 day mortality. RESULTS The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the risk of mortality in the high SII group (SII ≥ 980 × 109/L) was significantly greater than that in the low SII group (SII < 980 × 109/L, log-rank P < 0.001). After adjusting for various confounding factors, a higher SII was associated with an increased risk of 30 day mortality in ADHF patients [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34-3.08]. Further restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a non-linear dose-response relationship between the two (P for non-linear = 0.006). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that SII had a high accuracy in predicting 30 day mortality events in ADHF patients (AUC = 0.7479), and the optimal predictive threshold was calculated to be 980 × 109/L, a sensitivity of 0.7547 and a specificity of 0.7234. CONCLUSIONS This study found a significant positive association between SII and 30 day all-cause mortality in ADHF patients. We determined the SII cut-off point for predicting 30 day all-cause mortality in patients with ADHF to be 980 × 109/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Qiu
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Maobin Kuang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Changhui Yu
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Shiming He
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Guobo Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Guotai Sheng
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
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Jinlong Z, Cheng W, Chengqi H. Associations of RBC counts and incidence of DVT in patients with spinal cord injury: a five year observational retrospective study. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:349. [PMID: 38867298 PMCID: PMC11167836 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04838-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of red blood cell (RBC) counts as potential independent risk factors for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) remains uncertain. This study aims to clarify the associations between RBC counts and DVT incidence among this population. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on 576 patients with SCI admitted to the rehabilitation medicine department from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021. After exclusions, 319 patients were analyzed, among which 94 cases of DVT were identified. RESULTS Mode of injury, D-dimer and anticoagulant therapy were significant covariates (P < 0.05). Age, fibrinogen, D-dimer, anticoagulant therapy and American Spinal Cord Injury Association impairment scale (AIS) grades were associated with RBC counts and DVT incidence (P < 0.05). Adjusting for these factors, a 1.00 × 10^12/L increase in RBC counts correlated with a 45% decrease in DVT incidence (P = 0.042), revealing a "U" shaped relationship with a pivot at 4.56 × 10^12/L (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION RBC counts below 4.56 × 10^12/L serve as a protective factor against DVT, while counts above this threshold pose a risk. These findings could inform the development of DVT prevention strategies for patients with SCI, emphasizing the need for targeted monitoring and management of RBC counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Jinlong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, PR China
| | - Wang Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230031, PR China
| | - He Chengqi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, PR China.
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Yu M, Yang H, Kuang M, Qiu J, Yu C, Xie G, Sheng G, Zou Y. Atherogenic index of plasma: a new indicator for assessing the short-term mortality of patients with acute decompensated heart failure. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1393644. [PMID: 38915891 PMCID: PMC11194402 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1393644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Arteriosclerosis is a primary causative factor in cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to explore the correlation between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and the 30-day mortality rate in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Methods A total of 1,248 ADHF patients recruited from the Jiangxi-Acute Decompensated Heart Failure1 (JX-ADHF1) cohort between 2019 and 2022 were selected for this study. The primary outcome was the 30-day mortality rate. Multivariable Cox regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and stratified analyses were utilized to assess the relationship between AIP and the 30-day mortality rate in ADHF patients. Mediation models were employed for exploratory analysis of the roles of inflammation, oxidative stress, and nutrition in the association between AIP and the 30-day mortality rate in ADHF patients. Results During the 30-day follow-up, 42 (3.37%) of the ADHF patients died. The mortality rates corresponding to the quartiles of AIP were as follows: Q1: 1.28%, Q2: 2.88%, Q3: 2.88%, Q4: 6.41%. The multivariable Cox regression revealed a positive correlation between high AIP and the 30-day mortality rate in ADHF patients [Hazard ratio (HR) 3.94, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08-14.28], independent of age, gender, heart failure type, cardiac function classification, and comorbidities. It is important to note that there was a U-shaped curve association between AIP (<0.24) and the 30-day mortality rate before the fourth quartile, with the lowest 30-day mortality risk in ADHF patients around an AIP of -0.1. Furthermore, mediation analysis suggested significant mediating effects of inflammation and nutrition on the 30-day mortality rate in ADHF patients related to AIP, with inflammation accounting for approximately 24.29% and nutrition for about 8.16% of the mediation effect. Conclusion This retrospective cohort analysis reveals for the first time the association between AIP and the 30-day mortality rate in ADHF patients. According to our findings, maintaining an AIP around -0.1 in ADHF patients could be crucial for improving poor prognoses from a medical perspective. Additionally, for ADHF patients with high AIP, it is important to assess and, if necessary, enhance nutritional support and anti-inflammatory treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongyi Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Maobin Kuang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiajun Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Changhui Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guobo Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guotai Sheng
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Gómez-Ramos JJ, González-Guerra M, Dávalos-Rodríguez IP, Pérez-Ruíz ME, Peña-Durán E, Marín-Medina A. Geriatric Syndromes and Their Relationship with Mortality in a Population of Mexican Older Adults Aged 65 and Over, Admitted to the Emergency Department of a Second-Level Care Hospital. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1166. [PMID: 38921281 PMCID: PMC11203902 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12121166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between Geriatric Syndromes (GSs) and in-hospital mortality in adults aged 65 and older admitted to the Emergency Department (ED). The study included 202 Older Adults (OAs) who met the inclusion criteria. We conducted a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and collected clinical and demographic data. A univariate analysis was carried out for each of the GSs analyzed. Those variables with p < 0.05 were entered into a multiple logistic regression using the backward stepwise entry method to analyze the independent predictor variables. The average number of GSs per individual was 4.65 (±2.76). Frailty syndrome was the most prevalent (70.2% of patients). Our study found an association between mortality and some GSs, such as frailty (p = 0.042), risk of falls (p = 0.010), delirium, cognitive impairment, dependence, and risk of ulcers (p < 0.001). We found that cognitive impairment (adjusted OR, 6.88; 95% CI, 1.41-33.5; p = 0.017) and dependence (adjusted OR, 7.52; 95% CI, 1.95-29.98; p = 0.003) were independent predictors associated with mortality in our population. It is necessary to develop new care strategies in the ED that respond to the needs of aging societies, including the use of new technologies and personnel with experience in gerontology.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Juan Gómez-Ramos
- Especialidad de Medicina de Urgencias Adscrita al Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.J.G.-R.); (M.G.-G.); (M.E.P.-R.)
- Departamento de Urgencias, Hospital General de Zona 89, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
| | - Melissa González-Guerra
- Especialidad de Medicina de Urgencias Adscrita al Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.J.G.-R.); (M.G.-G.); (M.E.P.-R.)
- Departamento de Urgencias, Hospital General de Zona 89, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
| | - Ingrid Patricia Dávalos-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - María Eloísa Pérez-Ruíz
- Especialidad de Medicina de Urgencias Adscrita al Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (J.J.G.-R.); (M.G.-G.); (M.E.P.-R.)
- Departamento de Urgencias, Hospital General de Zona 89, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara 44100, Mexico
| | - Emiliano Peña-Durán
- Licenciatura en Médico Cirujano y Partero, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - Alejandro Marín-Medina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
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González-Fernández D, Nemeth E, Pons EDC, Rueda D, Sinisterra OT, Murillo E, Sangkhae V, Starr L, Scott ME, Koski KG. Multiple Infections, Nutrient Deficiencies, and Inflammation as Determinants of Anemia and Iron Status during Pregnancy: The MINDI Cohort. Nutrients 2024; 16:1748. [PMID: 38892681 PMCID: PMC11174717 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In pregnant women with multiple infections, nutrient deficiencies, and inflammation (MINDI), the study of anemia and iron status is limited. For this cross-sectional study (n = 213 Panamanian indigenous women), we investigated if hemoglobin, anemia (Hb < 110 g/L), ferritin, serum iron, serum transferrin receptor, and hepcidin were associated with (1) maternal nutritional status and supplementation practices, (2) biomarkers of inflammation, and (3) presence/absence of infections. Hierarchical generalized linear and logistic regression models and dominance analyses identified the relative importance of these predictors. Anemia (38%), which was likely underestimated due to low plasma volume (95%), was associated with lower ferritin, vitamin A, and weight-for-height, suggesting anemia of undernutrition. Inflammation was not associated with Hb or anemia; nevertheless, higher CRP was associated with increased odds of low serum iron and higher ferritin and hepcidin, indicating iron restriction due to inflammation. The length of iron supplementation did not enter models for anemia or iron indicators, but a multiple nutrient supplement was associated with higher ferritin and hepcidin. Moreover, iron supplementation was associated with higher odds of vaginal trichomoniasis but lower odds of caries and bacterial vaginosis. The complex pathogenesis of anemia and iron deficiency in MINDI settings may require other interventions beyond iron supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris González-Fernández
- School of Human Nutrition, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Ste-Anne de Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
| | - Elizabeta Nemeth
- Center for Iron Disorders, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (E.N.); (V.S.)
| | | | - Delfina Rueda
- Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé Health Region, Panamanian Ministry of Health, San Félix, Panama;
| | - Odalis T. Sinisterra
- Panamá Norte Health Region, Panamanian Ministry of Health, Panama City 7104, Panama;
| | - Enrique Murillo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Panama, Panama City 7096, Panama;
| | - Veena Sangkhae
- Center for Iron Disorders, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (E.N.); (V.S.)
| | - Lisa Starr
- Institute of Parasitology, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Ste-Anne de Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada; (L.S.); (M.E.S.)
| | - Marilyn E. Scott
- Institute of Parasitology, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Ste-Anne de Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada; (L.S.); (M.E.S.)
| | - Kristine G. Koski
- School of Human Nutrition, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Ste-Anne de Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
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Neeteson NJ, Bugbird AR, Burt LA, Boyd SK. Statistical investigation of interdependence of trabecular microarchitectural parameters from micro-computed tomography. Bone 2024; 187:117144. [PMID: 38834103 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Standard microarchitectural analysis of bone using micro-computed tomography produces a large number of parameters that quantify the structure of the trabecular network. Analyses that perform statistical tests on many parameters are at elevated risk of making Type I errors. However, when multiple testing correction procedures are applied, the risk of Type II errors is elevated if the parameters being tested are strongly correlated. In this article, we argue that four commonly used trabecular microarchitectural parameters (thickness, separation, number, and bone volume fraction) are interdependent and describe only two independent properties of the trabecular network. We first derive theoretical relationships between the parameters based on their geometric definitions. Then, we analyze these relationships with an aggregated in vivo dataset with 2987 images from 1434 participants and a synthetically generated dataset with 144 images using principal component analysis (PCA) and linear regression analysis. With PCA, when trabecular thickness, separation, number, and bone volume fraction are combined, we find that 92 % to 97 % of the total variance in the data is explained by the first two principal components. With linear regressions, we find high coefficients of determination (0.827-0.994) and fitted coefficients within expected ranges. These findings suggest that to maximize statistical power in future studies, only two of trabecular thickness, separation, number and bone volume fraction should be used for statistical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Neeteson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Annabel R Bugbird
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Lauren A Burt
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Steven K Boyd
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
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Cavalcante-Silva V, Morelhão PK, Fernandes GL, D'Almeida V, Tufik S, Andersen ML. Homocysteine as a predictor of apnea-hypopnea index in obstructive sleep apnea: a longitudinal epidemiological study (EPISONO). Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 281:3237-3243. [PMID: 38568296 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-024-08614-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects nearly 1 billion people globally, and has established links with cardiovascular and neurocognitive complications. Although it has some limitations, the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) is commonly used to gauge OSA severity and therapeutic response. Homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism, when impaired, can elicit cellular senescence mechanisms that may be shared with OSA. Hence, our objective was to explore the role of Hcy concentrations both as a predictor of AHI values and as a potential risk factor for OSA. METHODS Involving 1042 volunteers aged 20 to 80 years, the initial study (2007) included polysomnographic evaluations, questionnaires on sleep and general health, as well as biochemical analyses. After an 8-year interval, 715 participants from the initial study were invited for a follow-up assessment in 2015. RESULTS Our findings showed that Hcy was a predictor for an increased AHI, and AHI increased over time. Individuals with plasma Hcy concentrations ≥ 15 µmol/L experienced an average AHI increase of 7.43 events/hour ([beta coefficient] β = 7.43; 95%CI 2.73 to 12.13) over time, compared to those with plasma concentrations < 10 µmol/L. A similar trend was apparent in those with plasma Hcy concentrations between 10 ≥ and < 15 µmol/L, who had an AHI increase with an average beta coefficient of 3.20 events/hour (95%CI 1.01 to 5.39) compared to those with plasma Hcy concentrations < 10 µmol/L. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study suggests that increased plasma Hcy concentrations could be considered a risk factor for the development of OSA. These findings highlight that elevated plasma Hcy concentrations can predict the severity of OSA, underscoring their correlation with the AHI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Cavalcante-Silva
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925 - CEP, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Priscila Kalil Morelhão
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925 - CEP, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
- Sleep Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Luiz Fernandes
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925 - CEP, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Vânia D'Almeida
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925 - CEP, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925 - CEP, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
- Sleep Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica L Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925 - CEP, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil.
- Sleep Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Chen L, Deng YF, Fan MQ, Yuan HB, Meng LR, Gao LL. Assisted reproductive technology and physical activity among Chinese pregnant women at high risk for gestational diabetes mellitus in early pregnancy: A cross-sectional study. Res Nurs Health 2024; 47:324-334. [PMID: 38229213 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Currently, the number of pregnant women at high risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and using assisted reproductive technology (ART) is increasing. The present study aims to explore the relationship between ART and physical activity in Chinese pregnant women at high risk for GDM in early pregnancy. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a regional teaching hospital in Guangzhou, China, between July 2022 and March 2023. Three hundred fifty-five pregnant women at high risk for GDM in early pregnancy completed the Chinese version of the Pregnant Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ), the Pregnancy Physical Activity Knowledge Scale, the Pregnancy Physical Activity Self-Efficacy Scale, the Pregnancy Physical Activity Social Support Scale, and a sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics data sheet. Compared to women who conceived naturally, women who used ART were more likely to be 35 years or older, unemployed, primigravidae, and to have intentionally planned their pregnancies. Women who used ART had significantly lower levels of physical activity and self-efficacy compared to their counterparts who conceived naturally. Over half (55.6%) of women who used ART reported being physically inactive, and those with lower self-efficacy, as well as the unemployed, were significantly more likely to be inactive. Physical inactivity is a critical clinical issue among women who use ART, especially in the context of GDM risk. Future research should develop and test physical activity programs, including enhancing physical activity self-efficacy for women who use ART. Patient or public contribution: In this study, survey questionnaires were completed by participants among Chinese pregnant women at high risk for GDM in early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Fang Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Qiong Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Bin Yuan
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic University, Rua de Luis Gonzaga Gomes, Macao, China
| | - Li-Rong Meng
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic University, Rua de Luis Gonzaga Gomes, Macao, China
| | - Ling-Ling Gao
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Hughes JE, Bennett KE, Cahir C. Drug-Drug Interactions and Their Association with Adverse Health Outcomes in the Older Community-Dwelling Population: A Prospective Cohort Study. Clin Drug Investig 2024; 44:439-453. [PMID: 38878216 PMCID: PMC11196341 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-024-01369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on associations between drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and health outcomes in the older community-dwelling population is limited. OBJECTIVE We estimate potentially clinically important DDI prevalence and examine the association between DDIs and (1) adverse drug events (ADEs), (2) emergency hospital attendance and (3) health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in an older community-dwelling population in Ireland. METHODS This is a prospective cohort study of community-dwelling older adults (N = 904) aged ≥ 70 years from 15 general practices in Ireland recruited in 2010 (wave-1) and followed-up over 2 years (wave-2; 2012-2013), with linked national pharmacy claims data. Individuals dispensed two or more drugs (wave-1: N = 842; wave-2: N = 763) were included. DDI prevalence at baseline, follow-up and 6 months prior to each health outcome was estimated. Multi-level regression was used to model the association between DDI-exposure and health outcomes at follow-up. DDI prevalence, adjusted incidence-rate ratios (aIRR), adjusted odds ratios (aOR), β coefficients and robust standard error (RSE) from multi-level regression analyses, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are reported. RESULTS At wave-1, n = 196 (23.3% [95% CI 20.5-26.3]), individuals were potentially exposed to ≥ 1 DDI, increasing to n = 345 (45.2% [41.7-48.9]) at wave-2. At 2-year follow-up, the median number of ADEs was 3 (interquartile range [IQR 2-5]); 229 (30.1%) had ≥ 1 emergency hospital attendance, and the mean EQ-5D was 0.74 (± 0.23). Evidence for the association between DDI-exposure and emergency hospital attendance at follow-up was lacking (aOR = 1.38 [0.42-4.53]). DDI-exposure was associated with an increasing number of ADEs (aIRR = 1.26 [1.03-1.55]), and decreasing EQ-5D utility (β = - 0.07, [-0.11 to -0.04], RSE = 0.02). Aspirin-warfarin, clarithromycin-prednisolone, amiodarone-furosemide, clarithromycin-salbutamol, rosuvastatin-warfarin, amiodarone-bisoprolol, and aspirin-nicorandil were common DDIs 6 months preceding these health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS We found a two-fold increase in DDI prevalence between wave 1 and 2. DDI exposure was associated with increasing ADEs and declining HRQoL at 2-year follow-up. Common DDIs involved anticoagulants, cardiovascular and antimicrobial drugs, which should be targeted for medicine optimisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Hughes
- School of Population Health, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Kathleen E Bennett
- Data Science Centre, School of Population Health, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Caitriona Cahir
- Data Science Centre, School of Population Health, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland
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An WW, Bhowmik AC, Nelson CA, Wilkinson CL. Prediction of chronological age from resting-state EEG power in the first three years of life. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.31.24308275. [PMID: 38853932 PMCID: PMC11160894 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.31.24308275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The infant brain undergoes rapid and significant developmental changes in the first three years of life. Understanding these changes through the prediction of chronological age using neuroimaging data can provide insights into typical and atypical brain development. We utilized longitudinal resting-state EEG data from 457 typically developing infants, comprising 938 recordings, to develop age prediction models. The multilayer perceptron model demonstrated the highest accuracy with an R2 of 0.82 and a mean absolute error of 92.4 days. Aperiodic offset and periodic theta, alpha, and beta power were identified as key predictors of age via Shapley values. Application of the model to EEG data from infants later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder or Down syndrome revealed significant underestimations of chronological age. This study establishes the feasibility of using EEG to assess brain maturation in early childhood and supports its potential as a clinical tool for early identification of alterations in brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winko W. An
- Developmental Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Aprotim C. Bhowmik
- Developmental Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Charles A. Nelson
- Developmental Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Harvard Graduate School of Education, 13 Appian Way, Cambridge, 02138, MA, USA
| | - Carol L. Wilkinson
- Developmental Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
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Wong WLL, Cheung SH. The role of hope in college transition: Its cross-lagged relationships with psychosocial resources and emotional well-being in first-year college students. J Adolesc 2024; 96:771-788. [PMID: 38287896 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION College transition is often regarded as the most stressful phase of life by college students. Hence, it is necessary to find ways to help them adjust more smoothly to this transition. Hope, as conceptualized by C. R. Snyder, has been widely studied as a predictor of optimal functioning and has been shown to be associated with better adjustment among college students. This study aimed to shed light on the role of hope in college transition by examining its unique reciprocal relationships with an array of important psychosocial resources and emotional well-being among first-year college students. METHODS Data were collected from a sample of Hong Kong college freshmen (N = 433, Medianage = 18 years old, 63.7% female) at two time points. At each time point, participants completed self-reported measures tapping into their levels of hope, psychosocial resources, and emotional well-being. Psychological resources included general and academic self-efficacy, meaning in life, and optimism. Social resources included secure attachment, perceived school environment, and social support. Emotional well-being was operationalized as positive and negative emotions. Cross-lagged panel models were constructed and tested by path analyses. RESULTS When autoregression and the effects of other variables were controlled, a greater sense of hope uniquely predicted higher levels of general and academic self-efficacy, greater presence of life meanings, more secure attachment, and more positive and fewer negative emotions. On the other hand, higher levels of meaning in life (both presence and search) and social support uniquely predicted greater hope. Academic hope and presence of life meanings reciprocally predicted one another, whereas other significant cross-lagged relationships were unidirectional. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest interventions that promote hope can be useful in helping college freshmen adjust to the new college environment by enhancing their psychosocial resources and emotional well-being. Such interventions would be more effective if they included elements that boost meaning in life and social support, which are expected to further enhance the perceptions of hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Lap Lance Wong
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Sing-Hang Cheung
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Buijs GS, Kievit AJ, Ter Wee MA, Magg C, Dobbe JGG, Streekstra GJ, Schafroth MU, Blankevoort L. Non-invasive quantitative assessment of induced component displacement can safely and accurately diagnose tibial component loosening in patients: A prospective diagnostic study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2024. [PMID: 38819937 DOI: 10.1002/ksa.12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aseptic loosening often requires major, expensive and invasive revision surgery. Current diagnostic modalities merely show indirect signs of loosening. A recent proof of concept study proposed a non-invasive technique for the quantitative and visual assessment of implant movement as a diagnostic aid for tibial component loosening. The primary research question addressed is whether this novel diagnostic modality can safely and effectively aid the diagnosis of aseptic loosening. METHODS This clinical study included patients suspected of aseptic total knee arthroplasty (TKA) loosening listed for revision surgery and asymptomatic patients. Safety was evaluated using a numerical rating scale (NRS) for discomfort and by registration of adverse events. Feasibility was assessed by recording the duration and ease of the procedure. Intra- and interrater reliability were evaluated. In symptomatic patients, diagnostic accuracy metrics were evaluated with intra-operative assessment as a reference test. RESULTS In total, 34 symptomatic and 38 asymptomatic knees with a TKA were analysed. The median NRS for discomfort during loading was 6 (interquartile range [IQR]: 3.75-7.00) in symptomatic patients and 2 (IQR: 1.00-3.00) in asymptomatic patients. No adverse events were reported. The majority of users found the use of the loading device easy. The median time spent in the computed tomography room was 9 min (IQR: 8.00-11.00). Excellent to good intra- and interrater reliabilities were achieved. Diagnostic accuracy analysis resulted in a sensitivity of 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.72-0.97) and a specificity of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.43-0.90). CONCLUSIONS The proposed diagnostic method is safe, feasible, reliable and accurate in aiding the diagnosis of aseptic tibial component loosening. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II.
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Affiliation(s)
- George S Buijs
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sport Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Musculoskeletal Health, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur J Kievit
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sport Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Musculoskeletal Health, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike A Ter Wee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sport Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Musculoskeletal Health, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Magg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Quantitative Healthcare Analysis (QurAI) Group, Informatics Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes G G Dobbe
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Musculoskeletal Health, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert J Streekstra
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Musculoskeletal Health, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias U Schafroth
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sport Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Musculoskeletal Health, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leendert Blankevoort
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sport Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Musculoskeletal Health, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Lavalley CA, Hakimi N, Taylor S, Kuplicki R, Forthman KL, Stewart JL, Paulus MP, Khalsa SS, Smith R. Transdiagnostic failure to adapt interoceptive precision estimates across affective, substance use, and eating disorders: A replication and extension of previous results. Biol Psychol 2024; 191:108825. [PMID: 38823571 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Recent Bayesian theories of interoception suggest that perception of bodily states rests upon a precision-weighted integration of afferent signals and prior beliefs. In a previous study, we fit a computational model of perception to behavior on a heartbeat tapping task to test whether aberrant precision-weighting could explain misestimation of cardiac states in psychopathology. We found that, during an interoceptive perturbation designed to amplify afferent signal precision (inspiratory breath-holding), healthy individuals increased the precision-weighting assigned to ascending cardiac signals (relative to resting conditions), while individuals with anxiety, depression, substance use disorders, and/or eating disorders did not. In this pre-registered study, we aimed to replicate and extend our prior findings in a new transdiagnostic patient sample (N = 285) similar to the one in the original study. As expected, patients in this new sample were also unable to adjust beliefs about the precision of cardiac signals - preventing the ability to accurately perceive changes in their cardiac state. Follow-up analyses combining samples from the previous and current study (N = 719) also afforded power to identify group differences between narrower diagnostic categories, and to examine predictive accuracy when logistic regression models were trained on one sample and tested on the other. With this confirmatory evidence in place, future studies should examine the utility of interceptive precision measures in predicting treatment outcomes and test whether these computational mechanisms might represent novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire A Lavalley
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
| | - Navid Hakimi
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
| | - Samuel Taylor
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
| | - Rayus Kuplicki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
| | | | - Jennifer L Stewart
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; Oxley College of Health & Natural Sciences, The University of Tulsa, 800 S Tucker Dr, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; Oxley College of Health & Natural Sciences, The University of Tulsa, 800 S Tucker Dr, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Sahib S Khalsa
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; Oxley College of Health & Natural Sciences, The University of Tulsa, 800 S Tucker Dr, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Ryan Smith
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA; Oxley College of Health & Natural Sciences, The University of Tulsa, 800 S Tucker Dr, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA.
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Ang A, Michaelides A, Chelala C, Ullah D, Kocher HM. Prognostication for recurrence patterns after curative resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2024; 28:248-261. [PMID: 38556877 PMCID: PMC11128784 DOI: 10.14701/ahbps.23-149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds/Aims This study aimed to investigate patterns and factors affecting recurrence after curative resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods Consecutive patients who underwent curative resection for PDAC (2011-21) and consented to data and tissue collection (Barts Pancreas Tissue Bank) were followed up until May 2023. Clinico-pathological variables were analysed using Cox proportional hazards model. Results Of 91 people (42 males [46%]; median age, 71 years [range, 43-86 years]) with a median follow-up of 51 months (95% confidence intervals [CIs], 40-61 months), the recurrence rate was 72.5% (n = 66; 12 loco-regional alone, 11 liver alone, 5 lung alone, 3 peritoneal alone, 29 simultaneous loco-regional and distant metastases, and 6 multi-focal distant metastases at first recurrence diagnosis). The median time to recurrence was 8.5 months (95% CI, 6.6-10.5 months). Median survival after recurrence was 5.8 months (95% CI, 4.2-7.3 months). Stratification by recurrence location revealed significant differences in time to recurrence between loco-regional only recurrence (median, 13.6 months; 95% CI, 11.7-15.5 months) and simultaneous loco-regional with distant recurrence (median, 7.5 months; 95% CI, 4.6-10.4 months; p = 0.02, pairwise log-rank test). Significant predictors for recurrence were systemic inflammation index (SII) ≥ 500 (hazard ratio [HR], 4.5; 95% CI, 1.4-14.3), lymph node ratio ≥ 0.33 (HR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.4-5.8), and adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2-0.7). Conclusions Timing to loco-regional only recurrence was significantly longer than simultaneous loco-regional with distant recurrence. Significant predictors for recurrence were SII, lymph node ration, and adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Ang
- The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Athena Michaelides
- The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Claude Chelala
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Dayem Ullah
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Hemant M. Kocher
- The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
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Wallnöfer F, Ziehfreund S, Wecker H, Schuster B, Tizek L, Kain A, Biedermann T, Zink A. Disease-Related Internet Use and its Relevance to the Patient-Physician Relationship in Atopic Dermatitis: A Cross-Sectional Study in Germany. Dermatitis 2024. [PMID: 38783509 DOI: 10.1089/derm.2023.0368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Background: Health-related internet use presents both opportunities and challenges for patients and physicians and requires a comprehensive understanding to improve individual health care in atopic dermatitis (AD). Objective: To explore differences between regular and irregular disease-related internet users, reasons for disease-related internet use, and its relevance to the patient-physician relationship in AD. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 221 adults with AD online and from a German university clinic between August 2021 and February 2022. The questionnaire queried sociodemographic and disease-related information, reasons for and against using the internet, types of channels used, and the impact on the patient-physician relationship. Participants were categorized as regular (≥once per month) and irregular (
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Wallnöfer
- From the Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Ziehfreund
- From the Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hannah Wecker
- From the Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Schuster
- From the Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Linda Tizek
- From the Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alphina Kain
- From the Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- From the Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Zink
- From the Department of Dermatology and Allergy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kuang M, Qiu J, Yang R, Wang C, Huang X, Xie G, Sheng G, Zou Y. Prognostic value of geriatric nutritional risk index in patients with stable coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:264. [PMID: 38773437 PMCID: PMC11106886 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03940-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malnutrition increases the risk of poor prognosis in patients with cardiovascular disease, and our current research was designed to assess the predictive performance of the Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) for the occurrence of poor prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) and to explore possible thresholds for nutritional intervention. METHODS This study retrospectively enrolled newly diagnosed SCAD patients treated with elective PCI from 2014 to 2017 at Shinonoi General Hospital, with all-cause death as the main follow-up endpoint. Cox regression analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analysis were used to explore the association of GNRI with all-cause death risk and its shape. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis and piecewise linear regression analysis were used to evaluate the predictive performance of GNRI level at admission on all-cause death in SCAD patients after PCI and to explore possible nutritional intervention threshold points. RESULTS The incidence of all-cause death was 40.47/1000 person-years after a mean follow-up of 2.18 years for 204 subjects. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed that subjects at risk of malnutrition had a higher all-cause death risk. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, each unit increase in GNRI reduced the all-cause death risk by 14% (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.77, 0.95), and subjects in the GNRI > 98 group had a significantly lower risk of death compared to those in the GNRI < 98 group (HR 0.04, 95% CI 0.00, 0.89). ROC analysis showed that the baseline GNRI had a very high predictive performance for all-cause death (AUC = 0.8844), and the predictive threshold was 98.62; additionally, in the RCS regression analysis and piecewise linear regression analysis we found that the threshold point for the GNRI-related all-cause death risk was 98.28 and the risk will be significantly reduced when the subjects' baseline GNRI was greater than 98.28. CONCLUSIONS GNRI level at admission was an independent predictor of all-cause death in SCAD patients after PCI, and GNRI equal to 98.28 may be a useful threshold for nutritional intervention in SCAD patients treated with PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maobin Kuang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
| | - Jiajun Qiu
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
| | - Ruijuan Yang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
| | - Guobo Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China
| | - Guotai Sheng
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China.
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China.
| | - Yang Zou
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Provincial, China.
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Kautz-Turnbull C, Rogge RD, Petrenko CLM. Child Ability and Parental Attributions: Development and Validation of the Reasons for Children's Behavior Scale. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01713-2. [PMID: 38767735 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01713-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Parent attributions for children's behavior affect parenting practices and emotional reactions. The current study aimed to create a new measure of parental attributions, called the Reasons for Children's Behavior (RCB), to capture how parents take developmental ability into account when making attributions for specific behaviors. A 224-item survey was completed by 836 participants, including original items and established parent attribution and parenting construct scales. Exploratory factor analyses and item-response theory analyses were utilized to develop the RCB, which includes 30 items comprising seven subscales. The RCB demonstrated an extremely stable factor structure, high levels of internal consistency across 25 demographic groups, reasonable test-retest correlations across 2 weeks, appropriate convergent and discriminant validity, and unique predictive validity (i.e., incremental validity). The RCB offers researchers and clinicians a novel tool to better understand how parent attributions for child behavior impact parenting and larger family dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carson Kautz-Turnbull
- Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, 187 Edinburgh St, Rochester, NY, 14608, USA.
- Mount Hope Family Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Ronald D Rogge
- Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, 187 Edinburgh St, Rochester, NY, 14608, USA
| | - Christie L M Petrenko
- Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, 187 Edinburgh St, Rochester, NY, 14608, USA
- Mount Hope Family Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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Feng Y, Feng Y, Hu M, Xu H, Wang Z, Xu S, Yan Y, Feng C, Li Z, Feng G, Shang W. Early prediction of growth patterns after pediatric kidney transplantation based on height-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:1199-1206. [PMID: 37672508 PMCID: PMC11101222 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth retardation is a common complication of chronic kidney disease in children, which can be partially relieved after renal transplantation. This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for growth patterns of children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) after kidney transplantation using machine learning algorithms based on genomic and clinical variables. METHODS A retrospective cohort of 110 children who received kidney transplants between May 2013 and September 2021 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were recruited for whole-exome sequencing (WES), and another 39 children who underwent transplant from October 2021 to March 2022 were enrolled for external validation. Based on previous studies, we comprehensively collected 729 height-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon regions. Seven machine learning algorithms and 10-fold cross-validation analysis were employed for model construction. RESULTS The 110 children were divided into two groups according to change in height-for-age Z -score. After univariate analysis, age and 19 SNPs were incorporated into the model and validated. The random forest model showed the best prediction efficacy with an accuracy of 0.8125 and an area under curve (AUC) of 0.924, and also performed well in the external validation cohort (accuracy, 0.7949; AUC, 0.796). CONCLUSIONS A model with good performance for predicting post-transplant growth patterns in children based on SNPs and clinical variables was constructed and validated using machine learning algorithms. The model is expected to guide clinicians in the management of children after renal transplantation, including the use of growth hormone, glucocorticoid withdrawal, and nutritional supplementation, to alleviate growth retardation in children with ESRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Feng
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yonghua Feng
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Mingyao Hu
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Hongen Xu
- Precision Medicine Center, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Shicheng Xu
- Precision Medicine Center, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yongchuang Yan
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Chenghao Feng
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Zhou Li
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Guiwen Feng
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Wenjun Shang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
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English MCW, Maybery MT, Visser TAW. Autistic traits specific to communication ability are associated with performance on a Mooney face detection task. Atten Percept Psychophys 2024:10.3758/s13414-024-02902-w. [PMID: 38755347 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-024-02902-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Difficulties in global face processing have been associated with autism. However, autism is heterogenous, and it is not known which dimensions of autistic traits are implicated in face-processing difficulties. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted two experiments to examine how identification of Mooney face stimuli (stylized, black-and-white images of faces without details) related to the six subscales of the Comprehensive Autistic Trait Inventory in young adults. In Experiment 1, regression analyses indicated that participants with poorer communication skills had lower task sensitivity when discriminating between face-present and face-absent images, whilst other autistic traits had no unique predictive value. Experiment 2 replicated these findings and additionally showed that autistic traits were linked to a reduced face inversion effect. Taken together, these results indicate autistic traits, especially communication difficulties, are associated with reduced configural processing of face stimuli. It follows that both reduced sensitivity for identifying upright faces amongst similar-looking distractors and reduced susceptibility to face inversion effects may be linked to relatively decreased reliance on configural processing of faces in autism. This study also reinforces the need to consider the different facets of autism independently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C W English
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
| | - Murray T Maybery
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Troy A W Visser
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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Huang WC, Wu HT, Yang PW, Li CJ, Huang YS, Chang H, Chen YJ. A 35-gene mutation profile predicts the therapeutic outcome of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma receiving neo-adjuvant chemoradiation. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:2287-2299. [PMID: 38859831 PMCID: PMC11162661 DOI: 10.62347/qciu7322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a common malignancy worldwide with a poor prognosis without radical resection. Neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) followed by esophagectomy is widely used for treating locally advanced esophageal cancer in the thorax. The study aimed to assess mutation profiles and their correlation with therapeutic outcomes in patients diagnosed with locally advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A retrospective analysis was conducted on 62 patients with ESCC who underwent NACRT. All patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) utilizing intensity-modulated radiation therapy alongside concurrent chemotherapy with a cisplatin-based regimen. A 35-gene next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel detecting 402 genetic variants was used, which has been proven predictive in ESCC patients who received definitive chemoradiation. The 35-gene mutation profiles were analyzed in pre-treatment biopsies. The results reveled there were variants correlated with pathological complete remission or partial response, overall survival, and progression-free survival. A combination of p.Pro1319Ser and p.Arg2159Gly mutations in the MUC17 gene demonstrated an adverse impact on pathological response (OR [95% CI] = 7.00 (3.07-15.94), P < 0.001). Additionally, the variants located in the MUC17, MUC4, and MYH4 genes exhibited notably effects on tumor recurrence or mortality. Patients harboring either the MUC17 p.Thr2702Val or MUC4 p.Thr3355Ser mutation displayed a more than four-fold increased risk for disease recurrence or mortality. We concluded that specific mutations correlated to the pathological complete response in ESCC receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiation can be identified through the utilization of 35-gene expression profiles. Further investigation into the pathophysiological roles of MUC17 and MUC4 mutations in ESCC is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chien Huang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical CollegeNew Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial HospitalTaipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Tai Wu
- Lihpao Life Science Co., Ltd.Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan Joint Commission of Precision MedicineTaipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Chi-Jung Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MacKay Memorial HospitalTaipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Hang Chang
- Taiwan Joint Commission of Precision MedicineTaipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MacKay Memorial HospitalTaipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology Medicine, MacKay Memorial HospitalTaipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
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