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Brito ASD, Souza JG, Moraes Filho AV, Oliveira PG, Oliveira MAP, Barbosa MS, Sousa JMG, Pinto RM, Conceição EC, Silva CA. Immunostimulating activity of Uncaria tomentosa in RAW 264.7 macrophages. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e271339. [PMID: 37729210 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.271339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncaria tomentosa is a plant native to the Amazon that has immunomodulatory and antitumor properties due to the alkaloids found in the plant, being able to modify the immune response by potentiating or suspending the action of cytokines secreted by macrophages that induce the immune response, either by the classical route (M1) or through the alternative route (M2). Macrophages activated by M1 convert L-arginine into L-citrulline and nitric oxide (NO), whereas macrophages activated by the M2 pathway use the enzymatic activity of arginase to convert the same substrate into L-ornithine and urea. The aim of this work was to evaluate the immunostimulating activity of the crude hydroalcoholic extract from the bark of the U. tomentosa stem in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Concentrations of 0.2, 0.1 and 0.05 mg/mL of U. tomentosa extract associated with LPS, INF-γ and IL-4 inducers were tested by determining NO production and arginase enzyme activity. Nitric oxide production was enhanced by the extract when associated with LPS and LPS + INF-γ inducers. In the activity of the arginase enzyme, the extract decreased the stimulation of IL-4 on the enzyme, mainly at 0.2 mg/mL concentration. Therefore, it is concluded that the crude hydroalcoholic extract of the stem bark of U. tomentosa in RAW 264.7 cells, at a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL, showed considerable pro-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J G Souza
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - A V Moraes Filho
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade Alfredo Nasser, Aparecida de Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - P G Oliveira
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - M A P Oliveira
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - M S Barbosa
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - J M G Sousa
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Assistência e Avaliação em Saúde, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - R M Pinto
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Assistência e Avaliação em Saúde, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | | | - C A Silva
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
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2
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Heinrich VHA, Vancutsem C, Dalagnol R, Rosan TM, Fawcett D, Silva-Junior CHL, Cassol HLG, Achard F, Jucker T, Silva CA, House J, Sitch S, Hales TC, Aragão LEOC. The carbon sink of secondary and degraded humid tropical forests. Nature 2023; 615:436-442. [PMID: 36922608 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05679-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
The globally important carbon sink of intact, old-growth tropical humid forests is declining because of climate change, deforestation and degradation from fire and logging1-3. Recovering tropical secondary and degraded forests now cover about 10% of the tropical forest area4, but how much carbon they accumulate remains uncertain. Here we quantify the aboveground carbon (AGC) sink of recovering forests across three main continuous tropical humid regions: the Amazon, Borneo and Central Africa5,6. On the basis of satellite data products4,7, our analysis encompasses the heterogeneous spatial and temporal patterns of growth in degraded and secondary forests, influenced by key environmental and anthropogenic drivers. In the first 20 years of recovery, regrowth rates in Borneo were up to 45% and 58% higher than in Central Africa and the Amazon, respectively. This is due to variables such as temperature, water deficit and disturbance regimes. We find that regrowing degraded and secondary forests accumulated 107 Tg C year-1 (90-130 Tg C year-1) between 1984 and 2018, counterbalancing 26% (21-34%) of carbon emissions from humid tropical forest loss during the same period. Protecting old-growth forests is therefore a priority. Furthermore, we estimate that conserving recovering degraded and secondary forests can have a feasible future carbon sink potential of 53 Tg C year-1 (44-62 Tg C year-1) across the main tropical regions studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola H A Heinrich
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
- Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| | - Christelle Vancutsem
- Fincons Group, Milan, Italy
- Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Ricardo Dalagnol
- Earth Observation and Geoinformatics Division, National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Thais M Rosan
- Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Dominic Fawcett
- Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Celso H L Silva-Junior
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Brazil
| | - Henrique L G Cassol
- Earth Observation and Geoinformatics Division, National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Tommaso Jucker
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Carlos A Silva
- Forest Biometrics and Remote Sensing Lab (Silva Lab), School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jo House
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Stephen Sitch
- Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Tristram C Hales
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Luiz E O C Aragão
- Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Earth Observation and Geoinformatics Division, National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil
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3
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Liang J, Gamarra JGP, Picard N, Zhou M, Pijanowski B, Jacobs DF, Reich PB, Crowther TW, Nabuurs GJ, de-Miguel S, Fang J, Woodall CW, Svenning JC, Jucker T, Bastin JF, Wiser SK, Slik F, Hérault B, Alberti G, Keppel G, Hengeveld GM, Ibisch PL, Silva CA, Ter Steege H, Peri PL, Coomes DA, Searle EB, von Gadow K, Jaroszewicz B, Abbasi AO, Abegg M, Yao YCA, Aguirre-Gutiérrez J, Zambrano AMA, Altman J, Alvarez-Dávila E, Álvarez-González JG, Alves LF, Amani BHK, Amani CA, Ammer C, Ilondea BA, Antón-Fernández C, Avitabile V, Aymard GA, Azihou AF, Baard JA, Baker TR, Balazy R, Bastian ML, Batumike R, Bauters M, Beeckman H, Benu NMH, Bitariho R, Boeckx P, Bogaert J, Bongers F, Bouriaud O, Brancalion PHS, Brandl S, Brearley FQ, Briseno-Reyes J, Broadbent EN, Bruelheide H, Bulte E, Catlin AC, Cazzolla Gatti R, César RG, Chen HYH, Chisholm C, Cienciala E, Colletta GD, Corral-Rivas JJ, Cuchietti A, Cuni-Sanchez A, Dar JA, Dayanandan S, de Haulleville T, Decuyper M, Delabye S, Derroire G, DeVries B, Diisi J, Do TV, Dolezal J, Dourdain A, Durrheim GP, Obiang NLE, Ewango CEN, Eyre TJ, Fayle TM, Feunang LFN, Finér L, Fischer M, Fridman J, Frizzera L, de Gasper AL, Gianelle D, Glick HB, Gonzalez-Elizondo MS, Gorenstein L, Habonayo R, Hardy OJ, Harris DJ, Hector A, Hemp A, Herold M, Hillers A, Hubau W, Ibanez T, Imai N, Imani G, Jagodzinski AM, Janecek S, Johannsen VK, Joly CA, Jumbam B, Kabelong BLPR, Kahsay GA, Karminov V, Kartawinata K, Kassi JN, Kearsley E, Kennard DK, Kepfer-Rojas S, Khan ML, Kigomo JN, Kim HS, Klauberg C, Klomberg Y, Korjus H, Kothandaraman S, Kraxner F, Kumar A, Kuswandi R, Lang M, Lawes MJ, Leite RV, Lentner G, Lewis SL, Libalah MB, Lisingo J, López-Serrano PM, Lu H, Lukina NV, Lykke AM, Maicher V, Maitner BS, Marcon E, Marshall AR, Martin EH, Martynenko O, Mbayu FM, Mbuvi MTE, Meave JA, Merow C, Miscicki S, Moreno VS, Morera A, Mukul SA, Müller JC, Murdjoko A, Nava-Miranda MG, Ndive LE, Neldner VJ, Nevenic RV, Nforbelie LN, Ngoh ML, N'Guessan AE, Ngugi MR, Ngute ASK, Njila ENN, Nyako MC, Ochuodho TO, Oleksyn J, Paquette A, Parfenova EI, Park M, Parren M, Parthasarathy N, Pfautsch S, Phillips OL, Piedade MTF, Piotto D, Pollastrini M, Poorter L, Poulsen JR, Poulsen AD, Pretzsch H, Rodeghiero M, Rolim SG, Rovero F, Rutishauser E, Sagheb-Talebi K, Saikia P, Sainge MN, Salas-Eljatib C, Salis A, Schall P, Schepaschenko D, Scherer-Lorenzen M, Schmid B, Schöngart J, Šebeň V, Sellan G, Selvi F, Serra-Diaz JM, Sheil D, Shvidenko AZ, Sist P, Souza AF, Stereńczak KJ, Sullivan MJP, Sundarapandian S, Svoboda M, Swaine MD, Targhetta N, Tchebakova N, Trethowan LA, Tropek R, Mukendi JT, Umunay PM, Usoltsev VA, Vaglio Laurin G, Valentini R, Valladares F, van der Plas F, Vega-Nieva DJ, Verbeeck H, Viana H, Vibrans AC, Vieira SA, Vleminckx J, Waite CE, Wang HF, Wasingya EK, Wekesa C, Westerlund B, Wittmann F, Wortel V, Zawiła-Niedźwiecki T, Zhang C, Zhao X, Zhu J, Zhu X, Zhu ZX, Zo-Bi IC, Hui C. Co-limitation towards lower latitudes shapes global forest diversity gradients. Nat Ecol Evol 2022; 6:1423-1437. [PMID: 35941205 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01831-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is one of the most recognized global patterns of species richness exhibited across a wide range of taxa. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed in the past two centuries to explain LDG, but rigorous tests of the drivers of LDGs have been limited by a lack of high-quality global species richness data. Here we produce a high-resolution (0.025° × 0.025°) map of local tree species richness using a global forest inventory database with individual tree information and local biophysical characteristics from ~1.3 million sample plots. We then quantify drivers of local tree species richness patterns across latitudes. Generally, annual mean temperature was a dominant predictor of tree species richness, which is most consistent with the metabolic theory of biodiversity (MTB). However, MTB underestimated LDG in the tropics, where high species richness was also moderated by topographic, soil and anthropogenic factors operating at local scales. Given that local landscape variables operate synergistically with bioclimatic factors in shaping the global LDG pattern, we suggest that MTB be extended to account for co-limitation by subordinate drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liang
- Forest Advanced Computing and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (FACAI), Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Javier G P Gamarra
- Forestry Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mo Zhou
- Forest Advanced Computing and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (FACAI), Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Bryan Pijanowski
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Douglass F Jacobs
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Peter B Reich
- Institute for Global Change Biology, School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas W Crowther
- Crowther Lab, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gert-Jan Nabuurs
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Sergio de-Miguel
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Joint Research Unit CTFC-Agrotecnio-CERCA, Solsona, Spain
| | - Jingyun Fang
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Evironmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jens-Christian Svenning
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Tommaso Jucker
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jean-Francois Bastin
- TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Susan K Wiser
- Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Ferry Slik
- Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Bruno Hérault
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
- INP-HB (Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouet-Boigny), University of Montpellier, Yamoussoukro, Ivory Coast
| | - Giorgio Alberti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
- Institute of Bioeconomy, CNR, Sesto, Italy
| | - Gunnar Keppel
- Natural and Built Environments Research Centre, School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Geerten M Hengeveld
- Biometris, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Wageningen University & Research, Forest and Nature Conservation Policy Group, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Pierre L Ibisch
- Centre for Econics and Ecosystem Management, Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development, Eberswalde, Germany
| | - Carlos A Silva
- School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, Institute of Food & Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Pablo L Peri
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Santa Cruz, Argentina
| | - David A Coomes
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eric B Searle
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Klaus von Gadow
- University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Bogdan Jaroszewicz
- Białowieża Geobotanical Station, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Białowieża, Poland
| | - Akane O Abbasi
- Forest Advanced Computing and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (FACAI), Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Meinrad Abegg
- Swiss National Forest Inventory/Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Yves C Adou Yao
- UFR Biosciences, University Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
| | - Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez
- Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Jan Altman
- Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Trebon, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Esteban Alvarez-Dávila
- Escuela ECAPMA, National Open University and Distance (Colombia) | UNAD, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Luciana F Alves
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Christian A Amani
- Université Officielle de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Christian Ammer
- Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones, University of Göttingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Bhely Angoboy Ilondea
- Institut National pour l'Etude et la Recherche Agronomiques, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Clara Antón-Fernández
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Forestry and Forest Resources, Ås, Norway
| | | | | | - Akomian F Azihou
- Laboratory of Applied Ecology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Johan A Baard
- Scientific Services, South African National Parks, Knysna, South Africa
| | | | - Radomir Balazy
- Department of Geomatics, Forest Research Institute, Sekocin Stary, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Meredith L Bastian
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rodrigue Batumike
- Department of Environment, Universtité du Cinquantenaire de Lwiro, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Marijn Bauters
- Department of Environment, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hans Beeckman
- Service of Wood Biology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
| | | | - Robert Bitariho
- Institute of Tropical Forest Conservation, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Pascal Boeckx
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Bogaert
- Université de Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Frans Bongers
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Olivier Bouriaud
- Integrated Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Advanced Materials, Nanotechnologies, and Distributed Systems for Fabrication and Control (MANSiD), University Stefan cel Mare of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
| | - Pedro H S Brancalion
- Department of Forestry Sciences, 'Luiz de Queiroz' College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | - Francis Q Brearley
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Jaime Briseno-Reyes
- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, Mexico
| | - Eben N Broadbent
- School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, Institute of Food & Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- Institute of Biology and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Erwin Bulte
- Development Economics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ann Christine Catlin
- Rosen Center for Advanced Computing (RCAC), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Roberto Cazzolla Gatti
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ricardo G César
- Department of Forestry Sciences, 'Luiz de Queiroz' College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Han Y H Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chelsea Chisholm
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Emil Cienciala
- IFER - Institute of Forest Ecosystem Research, Jilove u Prahy, Czech Republic
- Global Change Research Institute of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriel D Colletta
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas CEP, Biologia, Brazil
| | | | - Anibal Cuchietti
- Dirección Nacional de Bosques (DNB), Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible (MAyDS), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aida Cuni-Sanchez
- Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric), Faculty of Landscape and Society, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, UK
| | - Javid A Dar
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Guntur, India
- Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Madhya Pradesh, India
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Selvadurai Dayanandan
- Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics & Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thales de Haulleville
- Service of Wood Biology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
- Université de Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Decuyper
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Sylvain Delabye
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Géraldine Derroire
- Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParistech, CNRS, Inrae, Université des Antilles, Université de la Guyane), Campus Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana
| | - Ben DeVries
- Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Diisi
- National Forest Authority, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Tran Van Do
- Department of Silviculture Foundation, Silviculture Research Institute, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Jiri Dolezal
- Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Trebon, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Bohemia, Czech Republic
| | - Aurélie Dourdain
- Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParistech, CNRS, Inrae, Université des Antilles, Université de la Guyane), Campus Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana
| | - Graham P Durrheim
- Scientific Services, South African National Parks, Knysna, South Africa
| | | | - Corneille E N Ewango
- Faculté de Gestion de Ressources Naturelles Renouvelables, Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Teresa J Eyre
- Queensland Herbarium, Department of Environment and Science, Toowong, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tom M Fayle
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Leena Finér
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Markus Fischer
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Fridman
- Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea, Sweden
| | - Lorenzo Frizzera
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - André L de Gasper
- Herbário Dr. Roberto Miguel Klein, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Blumenau, Brazil
| | - Damiano Gianelle
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | | | | | - Lev Gorenstein
- Rosen Center for Advanced Computing (RCAC), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Richard Habonayo
- Département des Sciences et Technologies de l'Environnement, Université du Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi
| | - Olivier J Hardy
- Faculté des Sciences, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology Unit, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Andrew Hector
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andreas Hemp
- Department of Plant Systematics, Bayreuth University, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Martin Herold
- Helmholtz GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 1.4 Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Annika Hillers
- Wild Chimpanzee Foundation, Liberia Representation, Monrovia, Liberia
- Centre for Conservation Science, The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Sandy, UK
| | - Wannes Hubau
- Service of Wood Biology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
- Department of Environment, Laboratory for Wood Technology (UGent-Woodlab), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Ibanez
- AMAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Nobuo Imai
- Department of Forest Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gerard Imani
- Biology Department, Université Officielle de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Andrzej M Jagodzinski
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
- Poznan University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Poznan, Poland
| | - Stepan Janecek
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vivian Kvist Johannsen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carlos A Joly
- Plant Biology Department, Biology Institute, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Blaise Jumbam
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Nkolbisson, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Banoho L P R Kabelong
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Goytom Abraha Kahsay
- Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Viktor Karminov
- Forestry Faculty, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Mytischi, Russia
| | | | - Justin N Kassi
- Labo Botanique, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
| | - Elizabeth Kearsley
- Computational and Applied Vegetation Ecology Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Deborah K Kennard
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Colorado Mesa University, Grand Junction, CO, USA
| | - Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mohammed Latif Khan
- Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidalaya (A Central University), Sagar, India
| | - John N Kigomo
- Kenya Forestry Research Institute, Department of Forest Resource Assessment, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Hyun Seok Kim
- Department of Forest Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- National Center for Agro Meteorology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Carine Klauberg
- School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, Institute of Food & Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yannick Klomberg
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Henn Korjus
- Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Subashree Kothandaraman
- Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Madhya Pradesh, India
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Florian Kraxner
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Geoinformatics, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, India
| | - Relawan Kuswandi
- Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan, Manokwari, Indonesia
| | - Mait Lang
- Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
- Tartu Observatory, University of Tartu, Tõravere, Estonia
| | - Michael J Lawes
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Rodrigo V Leite
- Department of Forest Engineering, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Geoffrey Lentner
- Rosen Center for Advanced Computing (RCAC), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Simon L Lewis
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Geography, University College London, London, UK
| | - Moses B Libalah
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Plant Systematics and Ecology Laboratory (LaBosystE), Higher Teacher's Training College, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Janvier Lisingo
- Laboratoire d'Écologie et Aménagement Forestier, Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion des Ressources Végétales, Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | | | - Huicui Lu
- Faculty of Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Natalia V Lukina
- Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity RAS (CEPF RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vincent Maicher
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brian S Maitner
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Eric Marcon
- Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParistech, CNRS, Inrae, Université des Antilles, Université de la Guyane), Campus Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana
- AgroParisTech, UMR AMAP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrew R Marshall
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
- University of York, York, UK
- Flamingo Land Ltd., North Yorkshire, UK
| | - Emanuel H Martin
- Department of Wildlife Management, College of African Wildlife Management, Mweka, Tanzania
| | - Olga Martynenko
- Forestry Faculty, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Mytischi, Russia
| | - Faustin M Mbayu
- Faculté de Gestion de Ressources Naturelles Renouvelables, Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | | | - Jorge A Meave
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cory Merow
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Stanislaw Miscicki
- Department of Forest Management and Forest Economics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vanessa S Moreno
- Department of Forestry Sciences, 'Luiz de Queiroz' College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Albert Morera
- Joint Research Unit CTFC-Agrotecnio-CERCA, Solsona, Spain
| | - Sharif A Mukul
- Tropical Forests and People Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jörg C Müller
- Fieldstation Fabrikschleichach, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Bavarian Forest Nationalpark, Grafenau, Germany
| | - Agustinus Murdjoko
- Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Papua, Jalan Gunung Salju Amban, Manokwari Papua Barat, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Victor J Neldner
- Queensland Herbarium, Department of Environment and Science, Toowong, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Louis N Nforbelie
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Michael L Ngoh
- Tropical Plant Exploration Group (TroPEG), Buea, Cameroon
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Anny E N'Guessan
- UFR Biosciences, University Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
| | - Michael R Ngugi
- Queensland Herbarium, Department of Environment and Science, Toowong, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alain S K Ngute
- Tropical Forests and People Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, Australia
- Applied Biology and Ecology Research Unit, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Emile Narcisse N Njila
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Melanie C Nyako
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Thomas O Ochuodho
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jacek Oleksyn
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Alain Paquette
- UQAM, Centre for Forest Research, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elena I Parfenova
- V.N. Sukachev Forest Institute of FRC KSC SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Minjee Park
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Marc Parren
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Sebastian Pfautsch
- Urban Management and Planning, School of Social Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Maria T F Piedade
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia-INPA, Grupo Ecologia. Monitoramento e Uso Sustentável de Áreas Úmidas MAUA, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Daniel Piotto
- Centro de Formação em Ciências Agroflorestais, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Martina Pollastrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lourens Poorter
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - John R Poulsen
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Hans Pretzsch
- Technical University of Munich, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science, Munich, Germany
| | - Mirco Rodeghiero
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Centro Agricoltura, Alimenti, Ambiente, University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Samir G Rolim
- Centro de Formação em Ciências Agroflorestais, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Francesco Rovero
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- MUSE-Museo delle Scienze, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Khosro Sagheb-Talebi
- Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (RIFR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Purabi Saikia
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, India
| | - Moses Nsanyi Sainge
- Tropical Plant Exploration Group (TroPEG), Buea, Cameroon
- Institute of International Education Scholar Rescue Fund (IIE-SRF), One World Trade Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christian Salas-Eljatib
- Centro de Modelación y Monitoreo de Ecosistemas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Departamento de Silvicultura y Conservación de la Naturaleza, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Antonello Salis
- Forestry Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Peter Schall
- Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones, University of Göttingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Dmitry Schepaschenko
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
- V.N. Sukachev Forest Institute of FRC KSC SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Рeoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Bernhard Schmid
- Institution with City, Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jochen Schöngart
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia-INPA, Grupo Ecologia. Monitoramento e Uso Sustentável de Áreas Úmidas MAUA, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Giacomo Sellan
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
- CNRS-UMR LEEISA, Campus Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana
| | - Federico Selvi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Douglas Sheil
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Situ Gede, Bogor Barat, Indonesia
| | | | - Plinio Sist
- Cirad, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandre F Souza
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Ecologia, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Martin J P Sullivan
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Somaiah Sundarapandian
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Miroslav Svoboda
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Mike D Swaine
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Natalia Targhetta
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia-INPA, Grupo Ecologia. Monitoramento e Uso Sustentável de Áreas Úmidas MAUA, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Nadja Tchebakova
- V.N. Sukachev Forest Institute of FRC KSC SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | | | - Robert Tropek
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - John Tshibamba Mukendi
- Faculté des Sciences Appliquées, Université de Mbujimayi, Mbujimayi, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | | | - Vladimir A Usoltsev
- Ural State Forest Engineering University, Botanical Garden, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Fons van der Plas
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University, AA Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Daniel José Vega-Nieva
- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, Mexico
| | - Hans Verbeeck
- Computational and Applied Vegetation Ecology Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Helder Viana
- Agricultural High School, ESAV, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, IPV, Viseu, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alexander C Vibrans
- Department of Forest Engineering, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Blumenau, Brazil
| | - Simone A Vieira
- Nucleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas (UNICAMP), SP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jason Vleminckx
- International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Catherine E Waite
- Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hua-Feng Wang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Eric Katembo Wasingya
- Faculté de Gestion de Ressources Naturelles Renouvelables, Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Chemuku Wekesa
- Kenya Forestry Research Institute, Taita Taveta Research Centre, Wundanyi, Kenya
| | - Bertil Westerlund
- Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umea, Sweden
| | - Florian Wittmann
- Department of Wetland Ecology, Institute for Geography and Geoecology, Karlsruhe Institute for Technology, Rastatt, Germany
| | - Verginia Wortel
- Department of Forest Management, Centre for Agricultural Research in Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | | | - Chunyu Zhang
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuhai Zhao
- Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Rosen Center for Advanced Computing (RCAC), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Zhi-Xin Zhu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Irie C Zo-Bi
- Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, DFR Eaux, Forêts et Environnement, BP, Yamoussoukro, Ivory Coast
| | - Cang Hui
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa.
- African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Muizenberg, South Africa.
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Oliveira JVR, Azevedo MVA, Cano CWA, Lauar AO, Malacarne MA, Zenero PL, Melo FA, Silva CA, Seguro FS, Rocha VG. PLASMOCITOMA ÓSSEO ISOLADO EM CLIVUS: RELATO DE CASO COM MANIFESTAÇÃO NEUROLÓGICA GRAVE. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2022.09.440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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5
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Silva CA, Pereira J, Rego EM, Rocha V, Silva WF. RISK FACTORS FOR ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN OUTPATIENT ADMINISTRATION OF HIGH-DOSE METHOTREXATE IN ADULTS WITHOUT DRUG MONITORING. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2022.09.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Moraes DCA, Nagi JG, Fritzen J, Vitagliano LA, Oliveira ER, Oba A, Silva CA. Effect of capsaicin on the feed intake and immunoglobin concentration of sows, and performance of piglets. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:241. [PMID: 35896831 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03233-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Capsaicin is a recognized alkaloid that can be used as a flavoring and palatability agent. These effects can increase feed intake in lactating sows during farrowing, especially under thermal stress conditions, and provide antioxidant and immunostimulant activities. The objective of this work was to find out the effects of a capsaicin-based product on the feed intake of sows, immunomodulation, and repercussions on litter performance and the control of piglet diarrhea conditions. A total of 132 pregnant sows and lactating sows and their respective litters were divided into 66 sows each and submitted to one of two possible treatments: a capsaicin-free diet (control group) or capsaicin per meal/day. Capsaicin was mixed with gestation and lactation diets in the proportion of 98.6 g of feed and 1.4 g of capsaicin/kg feed, with the dose administered "on top" of 100 g per treatment day on the first feeding. The sows were treated between 90 days of gestation and 21 days of lactation. Backfat thickness, feed intake during farrowing, colostrum production, IgG colostrum concentration, sow reproductive performance, piglet performance, and diarrhea were evaluated. Compared to the sows in the control group, those that received capsaicin had higher feed intake (+ 0.69 kg/day during lactation, P = 0.008), higher levels of IgG in colostrum (185.75 versus 153.80 mg/mL, P = 0.04), an 11.2% higher litter weight gain, with individual piglet weight gains greater than 5.24% (P = 0.045), and an effective reduction in the frequency of piglet diarrhea on the 10th and 17th days of age (P = 0.013 and P = 0.001, respectively). Capsaicin is an additive with potential effects on the sow's performance, with positive influences on the health and growth of suckling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C A Moraes
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, UEL, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - J G Nagi
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, UEL, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - J Fritzen
- Animal Virology Laboratory, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, UEL, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | | | | | - A Oba
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, UEL, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - C A Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, UEL, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
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Soares-Jr JM, Espósito Sorpreso IC, Nunes Curado JF, Ferreira Filho ES, Dos Santos Simões R, Bonfá E, Silva CA, Baracat EC. Hormone therapy effect on menopausal systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a systematic review. Climacteric 2022; 25:427-433. [PMID: 35438053 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2022.2050205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) primarily affects women, who may need hormone therapy (HT) in menopause. There is, however, some concern as to its efficacy and safety. This systematic review aimed to determine the effect of HT on the activity of SLE and its safety. The study was a qualitative systematic review. Research was conducted with data retrieved from Embase, MEDLINE and Cochrane databases using MESH terms up to April 2021, with no bar on date or language. Sixteen studies were selected for analysis. Most of them showed HT to be effective in the treatment of menopausal symptoms with no impact in SLE activity, but one randomized clinical trial showed an increase in the number of thrombotic events. The present systematic review demonstrated the efficacy of HT for treating the menopausal symptoms of SLE patients. The risk of flare and thrombosis seems to be very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Soares-Jr
- Discipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - I C Espósito Sorpreso
- Discipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J F Nunes Curado
- Discipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E S Ferreira Filho
- Discipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Dos Santos Simões
- Discipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E Bonfá
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C A Silva
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E C Baracat
- Discipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Barros C, Roach B, Ford JM, Pinheiro AP, Silva CA. From Sound Perception to Automatic Detection of Schizophrenia: An EEG-Based Deep Learning Approach. Front Psychiatry 2022; 12:813460. [PMID: 35250651 PMCID: PMC8892210 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.813460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep learning techniques have been applied to electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, with promising applications in the field of psychiatry. Schizophrenia is one of the most disabling neuropsychiatric disorders, often characterized by the presence of auditory hallucinations. Auditory processing impairments have been studied using EEG-derived event-related potentials and have been associated with clinical symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. Due to consistent changes in the amplitude of ERP components, such as the auditory N100, some have been proposed as biomarkers of schizophrenia. In this paper, we examine altered patterns in electrical brain activity during auditory processing and their potential to discriminate schizophrenia and healthy subjects. Using deep convolutional neural networks, we propose an architecture to perform the classification based on multi-channels auditory-related EEG single-trials, recorded during a passive listening task. We analyzed the effect of the number of electrodes used, as well as the laterality and distribution of the electrical activity over the scalp. Results show that the proposed model is able to classify schizophrenia and healthy subjects with an average accuracy of 78% using only 5 midline channels (Fz, FCz, Cz, CPz, and Pz). The present study shows the potential of deep learning methods in the study of impaired auditory processing in schizophrenia with implications for diagnosis. The proposed design can provide a base model for future developments in schizophrenia research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Barros
- Psychological Neurosciences Lab, Psychology Research Center (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Brian Roach
- Psychiatry Service, San Francisco Veteran Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Judith M. Ford
- Psychiatry Service, San Francisco Veteran Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ana P. Pinheiro
- Psychological Neurosciences Lab, Psychology Research Center (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI), Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carlos A. Silva
- Center for MicroElectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
- LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Portugal
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Stitt JM, Hudak AT, Silva CA, Vierling LA, Vierling KT. Characterizing individual tree‐level snags using airborne lidar‐derived forest canopy gaps within closed‐canopy conifer forests. Methods Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Stitt
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences University of Idaho Moscow ID USA
| | - Andrew T. Hudak
- Rocky Mountain Research Station Forest Service US Department of Agriculture Moscow ID USA
| | - Carlos A. Silva
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation University of Florida Gainesville FL USA
| | - Lee A. Vierling
- Department of Natural Resources and Society University of Idaho Moscow ID USA
| | - Kerri T. Vierling
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences University of Idaho Moscow ID USA
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10
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Cardil A, Rodrigues M, Ramirez J, de-Miguel S, Silva CA, Mariani M, Ascoli D. Coupled effects of climate teleconnections on drought, Santa Ana winds and wildfires in southern California. Sci Total Environ 2021; 765:142788. [PMID: 33109375 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Projections of future climate change impacts suggest an increase of wildfire activity in Mediterranean ecosystems, such as southern California. This region is a wildfire hotspot and fire managers are under increasingly high pressures to minimize socio-economic impacts. In this context, predictions of high-risk fire seasons are essential to achieve adequate preventive planning. Regional-scale weather patterns and climatic teleconnections play a key role in modulating fire-conducive conditions across the globe, yet an analysis of the coupled effects of these systems onto the spread of large wildfires is lacking for the region. We analyzed seven decades (1953-2018) of documentary wildfire records from southern California to assess the linkages between weather patterns and large-scale climate modes using various statistical techniques, including Redundancy Analysis, Superposed Epoch Analysis and Wavelet Coherence. We found that high area burned is significantly associated with the occurrence of adverse weather patterns, such as severe droughts and Santa Ana winds. Further, we document how these fire-promoting events are mediated by climate teleconnections, particularly by the coupled effects of El Niño Southern Oscillation and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Cardil
- Technosylva Inc, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Joint Research Unit CTFC - AGROTECNIO, Solsona, Spain.
| | - Marcos Rodrigues
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Institute University of Research in Sciences Environmental (IUCA), University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Sergio de-Miguel
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Joint Research Unit CTFC - AGROTECNIO, Solsona, Spain
| | - Carlos A Silva
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Michela Mariani
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Davide Ascoli
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
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11
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Carletti P, García AC, Silva CA, Merchant A. Editorial: Towards a Functional Characterization of Plant Biostimulants. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:677772. [PMID: 33927743 PMCID: PMC8076850 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.677772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Carletti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrés Calderín García
- Laboratory of Soil Biological Chemistry, Department of Soil, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Silva
- Department of Soil Science, School of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Andrew Merchant
- Faculty of Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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12
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Barros C, Silva CA, Pinheiro AP. Advanced EEG-based learning approaches to predict schizophrenia: Promises and pitfalls. Artif Intell Med 2021; 114:102039. [PMID: 33875158 DOI: 10.1016/j.artmed.2021.102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The complexity and heterogeneity of schizophrenia symptoms challenge an objective diagnosis, which is typically based on behavioral and clinical manifestations. Moreover, the boundaries of schizophrenia are not precisely demarcated from other nosologic categories, such as bipolar disorder. The early detection of schizophrenia can lead to a more effective treatment, improving patients' quality of life. Over the last decades, hundreds of studies aimed at specifying the neurobiological mechanisms that underpin clinical manifestations of schizophrenia, using techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG). Changes in event-related potentials of the EEG have been associated with sensory and cognitive deficits and proposed as biomarkers of schizophrenia. Besides contributing to a more effective diagnosis, biomarkers can be crucial to schizophrenia onset prediction and prognosis. However, any proposed biomarker requires substantial clinical research to prove its validity and cost-effectiveness. Fueled by developments in computational neuroscience, automatic classification of schizophrenia at different stages (prodromal, first episode, chronic) has been attempted, using brain imaging pattern recognition methods to capture differences in functional brain activity. Advanced learning techniques have been studied for this purpose, with promising results. This review provides an overview of recent machine learning-based methods for schizophrenia classification using EEG data, discussing their potentialities and limitations. This review is intended to serve as a starting point for future developments of effective EEG-based models that might predict the onset of schizophrenia, identify subjects at high-risk of psychosis conversion or differentiate schizophrenia from other disorders, promoting more effective early interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Barros
- Center for Research in Psychology (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Carlos A Silva
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS), School of Engineering, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana P Pinheiro
- Center for Research in Psychology (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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13
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Pinto A, Pereira S, Meier R, Wiest R, Alves V, Reyes M, Silva CA. Combining unsupervised and supervised learning for predicting the final stroke lesion. Med Image Anal 2020; 69:101888. [PMID: 33387909 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2020.101888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Predicting the final ischaemic stroke lesion provides crucial information regarding the volume of salvageable hypoperfused tissue, which helps physicians in the difficult decision-making process of treatment planning and intervention. Treatment selection is influenced by clinical diagnosis, which requires delineating the stroke lesion, as well as characterising cerebral blood flow dynamics using neuroimaging acquisitions. Nonetheless, predicting the final stroke lesion is an intricate task, due to the variability in lesion size, shape, location and the underlying cerebral haemodynamic processes that occur after the ischaemic stroke takes place. Moreover, since elapsed time between stroke and treatment is related to the loss of brain tissue, assessing and predicting the final stroke lesion needs to be performed in a short period of time, which makes the task even more complex. Therefore, there is a need for automatic methods that predict the final stroke lesion and support physicians in the treatment decision process. We propose a fully automatic deep learning method based on unsupervised and supervised learning to predict the final stroke lesion after 90 days. Our aim is to predict the final stroke lesion location and extent, taking into account the underlying cerebral blood flow dynamics that can influence the prediction. To achieve this, we propose a two-branch Restricted Boltzmann Machine, which provides specialized data-driven features from different sets of standard parametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging maps. These data-driven feature maps are then combined with the parametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging maps, and fed to a Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Network architecture. We evaluated our proposal on the publicly available ISLES 2017 testing dataset, reaching a Dice score of 0.38, Hausdorff Distance of 29.21 mm, and Average Symmetric Surface Distance of 5.52 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Pinto
- Center MEMS of University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, Guimarães 4800-058 Portugal; Center Algoritmi, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Sérgio Pereira
- Center MEMS of University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, Guimarães 4800-058 Portugal; Center Algoritmi, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Raphael Meier
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Bern University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - Roland Wiest
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Bern University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - Victor Alves
- Center Algoritmi, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Mauricio Reyes
- Healthcare Imaging A.I., Insel Data Science Center, Bern University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - Carlos A Silva
- Center MEMS of University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, Guimarães 4800-058 Portugal.
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14
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Santos ÉR, Bridi AM, Silva CA, Giangareli BL, Ferreira GA, Vero JG, Fregonesi JA, Costa SC. Reproductive status effects of pair-housed male pigs on natural, agonistic and sexual behaviours. Animal 2020; 15:100072. [PMID: 33516005 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Boar rearing, which avoids pain and suffering caused by surgical castration, provides better performance, a greater deposition of muscle tissue and leaner carcasses and thus has beneficial effects on both animal welfare and the product. Some countries that do not slaughter boars must consider their boar taint and aggressive and sexual behaviours. Considering that pigs are housed in large groups, which may complicate the formation of social hierarchies and increase fighting and mounting behaviours, some studies have conducted research with reduced numbers of pigs per pen, but these behaviours continued to be observed. However, a study of the reproductive status of pair-housed male pigs has yet to be reported. The aim of this study was to determine whether the reproductive status of uncastrated, immunocastrated and surgically castrated pair-housed male pigs alters their natural, agonistic and sexual behaviours. A total of 48 male pigs from Agroceres PIC™ genetics were assigned to three groups: surgically castrated (barrows), immunocastrated and uncastrated (boars). Natural, aggressive and sexual behaviours of the pigs were assessed by direct observations during four periods of 12 h each (six, five and three weeks before slaughter and the slaughter week). The pigs were housed in pairs from the growing phase until slaughter. Animal behaviour was observed from the finishing phase to slaughter. Carcass lesions were assessed according to five different classes (one: no injury; two to five: severely injured). Overall, boars spent more time lying and less time eating and drinking than barrows. In total of all the periods (48 h), boars expressed more aggressive and sexual behaviours than barrows, whereas immunocastrated pigs displayed similar behaviours to boars, before and after the second vaccine dose. No differences in carcass lesions between treatments and no prevalence of carcasses with severe injuries were observed. In conclusion, the reproductive status of pair-housed male pigs did not change the natural behaviour of boars, immunocastrated pigs or barrows. The agonistic and sexual behaviours of boars and barrows remained unchanged. When housing pigs in pairs, immunocastrated pigs presented similar agonistic and sexual behaviours to boars before and after the second immunocastration vaccine dose. The use of pair-housed uncastrated male pigs has generated welfare benefits for these animals, as the number of carcasses with injuries did not differ from barrows and immunocastrated pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- É R Santos
- Veterinary Medice Departament, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Highway Celso Garcia Cid (PR 445), Km 380, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.
| | - A M Bridi
- Zootecnia Department, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Highway Celso Garcia Cid (PR 445), Km 380, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - C A Silva
- Zootecnia Department, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Highway Celso Garcia Cid (PR 445), Km 380, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - B L Giangareli
- Veterinary Medice Departament, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Highway Celso Garcia Cid (PR 445), Km 380, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - G A Ferreira
- Veterinary Medice Departament, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Highway Celso Garcia Cid (PR 445), Km 380, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - J G Vero
- Veterinary Medice Departament, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Highway Celso Garcia Cid (PR 445), Km 380, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - J A Fregonesi
- Zootecnia Department, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Highway Celso Garcia Cid (PR 445), Km 380, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - S C Costa
- Statistics Department, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Highway Celso Garcia Cid (PR 445), Km 380, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
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15
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Costa ES, Sá F, Gomes LEO, Silva CA, Lima AT, Lehrback BD, Neto RR. Can severe drought periods increase metal concentrations in mangrove sediments? A case study in eastern Brazil. Sci Total Environ 2020; 748:142443. [PMID: 33113677 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove ecosystems are essential to society, providing ecological and economic services, and play a crucial role in the geochemical land-ocean interface as a sink for potentially toxic metals. This study assessed metals (Al, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr and Zn) and arsenic in sediments from three mangrove zones (Tidal Flat, Rhizophora mangle L. and Avicennia schaueriana Stapf & Leechman ex Moldenke forests) during two seasons: spring of 2015 and autumn of 2016, with the latter being a severe drought year. Overall results suggest that Fe/Mn oxyhydroxides and clay minerals control the distribution of metal and arsenic in the Tidal Flat zone. In the mangrove forest however, sulfur and organic matter dominate complexation, with Fe mainly present as insoluble sulfide, and As, Cd, Cu and Zn as metal sulfides or organometallic complexes. In the autumn of 2016, all elements except Cd and Pb had lower concentrations compared to the spring of 2015. Cd and Pb were probably transferred from sources other than mangrove sediments, due to increased saline water intrusion, a consequence of reduced riverine flow, and precipitated in the Rhizophora mangle and Avicennia schaueriana mangrove forests. This increase of Cd and Pb in the mangrove forest suggests potential storage of metal contaminants in the organic rich areas, a change in availability and potential toxicity to fauna and flora and a need for regulatory responses to sediment quality. These results indicate a change in sediment metal contaminant dynamics with the increasing occurrence of extreme weather events - an increased risk to the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Costa
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental (LabGAm), Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
| | - F Sá
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental (LabGAm), Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - L E O Gomes
- Grupo de Ecologia Bêntica, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29055-460, Brazil
| | - C A Silva
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental (LabGAm), Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - A T Lima
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
| | - B D Lehrback
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental (LabGAm), Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - R R Neto
- Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental (LabGAm), Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
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16
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Silva Junior CHL, Aragão LEOC, Anderson LO, Fonseca MG, Shimabukuro YE, Vancutsem C, Achard F, Beuchle R, Numata I, Silva CA, Maeda EE, Longo M, Saatchi SS. Persistent collapse of biomass in Amazonian forest edges following deforestation leads to unaccounted carbon losses. Sci Adv 2020; 6:6/40/eaaz8360. [PMID: 32998890 PMCID: PMC7527213 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz8360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Deforestation is the primary driver of carbon losses in tropical forests, but it does not operate alone. Forest fragmentation, a resulting feature of the deforestation process, promotes indirect carbon losses induced by edge effect. This process is not implicitly considered by policies for reducing carbon emissions in the tropics. Here, we used a remote sensing approach to estimate carbon losses driven by edge effect in Amazonia over the 2001 to 2015 period. We found that carbon losses associated with edge effect (947 Tg C) corresponded to one-third of losses from deforestation (2592 Tg C). Despite a notable negative trend of 7 Tg C year-1 in carbon losses from deforestation, the carbon losses from edge effect remained unchanged, with an average of 63 ± 8 Tg C year-1 Carbon losses caused by edge effect is thus an additional unquantified flux that can counteract carbon emissions avoided by reducing deforestation, compromising the Paris Agreement's bold targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso H L Silva Junior
- Tropical Ecosystems and Environmental Sciences Laboratory, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
- Remote Sensing Division, National Institute for Space Research, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz E O C Aragão
- Tropical Ecosystems and Environmental Sciences Laboratory, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
- Remote Sensing Division, National Institute for Space Research, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Liana O Anderson
- Tropical Ecosystems and Environmental Sciences Laboratory, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
- National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marisa G Fonseca
- Tropical Ecosystems and Environmental Sciences Laboratory, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
- Remote Sensing Division, National Institute for Space Research, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
- Veraterra-Mapping and Environmental Consultancy, Praça Pedro Gomes, s/n, Serra Grande, Uruçuca, BA 45680-000 Brazil
| | - Yosio E Shimabukuro
- Tropical Ecosystems and Environmental Sciences Laboratory, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
- Remote Sensing Division, National Institute for Space Research, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Frédéric Achard
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - René Beuchle
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Izaya Numata
- Geospatial Sciences Center of Excellence, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Carlos A Silva
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Eduardo E Maeda
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marcos Longo
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - Sassan S Saatchi
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
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17
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Silva Junior CHL, Heinrich VHA, Freire ATG, Broggio IS, Rosan TM, Doblas J, Anderson LO, Rousseau GX, Shimabukuro YE, Silva CA, House JI, Aragão LEOC. Benchmark maps of 33 years of secondary forest age for Brazil. Sci Data 2020; 7:269. [PMID: 32796858 PMCID: PMC7427968 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-00600-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The restoration and reforestation of 12 million hectares of forests by 2030 are amongst the leading mitigation strategies for reducing carbon emissions within the Brazilian Nationally Determined Contribution targets assumed under the Paris Agreement. Understanding the dynamics of forest cover, which steeply decreased between 1985 and 2018 throughout Brazil, is essential for estimating the global carbon balance and quantifying the provision of ecosystem services. To know the long-term increment, extent, and age of secondary forests is crucial; however, these variables are yet poorly quantified. Here we developed a 30-m spatial resolution dataset of the annual increment, extent, and age of secondary forests for Brazil over the 1986-2018 period. Land-use and land-cover maps from MapBiomas Project (Collection 4.1) were used as input data for our algorithm, implemented in the Google Earth Engine platform. This dataset provides critical spatially explicit information for supporting carbon emissions reduction, biodiversity, and restoration policies, enabling environmental science applications, territorial planning, and subsidizing environmental law enforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso H L Silva Junior
- Tropical Ecosystems and Environmental Sciences lab - TREES, São José dos Campos, Brazil.
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil.
| | | | - Ana T G Freire
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Brazil
| | - Igor S Broggio
- Tropical Ecosystems and Environmental Sciences lab - TREES, São José dos Campos, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
| | | | - Juan Doblas
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Liana O Anderson
- Tropical Ecosystems and Environmental Sciences lab - TREES, São José dos Campos, Brazil
- Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais (Cemaden), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Guillaume X Rousseau
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Agroecologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), São Luís, Brazil
| | - Yosio E Shimabukuro
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Silva
- University of Maryland, College Park, United States of America
- University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
| | | | - Luiz E O C Aragão
- Tropical Ecosystems and Environmental Sciences lab - TREES, São José dos Campos, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil
- University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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18
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Reyes M, Meier R, Pereira S, Silva CA, Dahlweid FM, von Tengg-Kobligk H, Summers RM, Wiest R. On the Interpretability of Artificial Intelligence in Radiology: Challenges and Opportunities. Radiol Artif Intell 2020; 2:e190043. [PMID: 32510054 DOI: 10.1148/ryai.2020190043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As artificial intelligence (AI) systems begin to make their way into clinical radiology practice, it is crucial to assure that they function correctly and that they gain the trust of experts. Toward this goal, approaches to make AI "interpretable" have gained attention to enhance the understanding of a machine learning algorithm, despite its complexity. This article aims to provide insights into the current state of the art of interpretability methods for radiology AI. This review discusses radiologists' opinions on the topic and suggests trends and challenges that need to be addressed to effectively streamline interpretability methods in clinical practice. Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2020 See also the commentary by Gastounioti and Kontos in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Reyes
- Artorg Center for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, 3008 Bern, Switzerland (M.R.); Insel Data Science Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switerland (F.M.D.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.M., R.W.) and Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology (H.v.T.K.), Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Center for Microelectromechanical Systems-University of Minho Research Unit, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal (S.P., C.A.S.); and Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.M.S.)
| | - Raphael Meier
- Artorg Center for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, 3008 Bern, Switzerland (M.R.); Insel Data Science Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switerland (F.M.D.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.M., R.W.) and Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology (H.v.T.K.), Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Center for Microelectromechanical Systems-University of Minho Research Unit, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal (S.P., C.A.S.); and Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.M.S.)
| | - Sérgio Pereira
- Artorg Center for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, 3008 Bern, Switzerland (M.R.); Insel Data Science Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switerland (F.M.D.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.M., R.W.) and Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology (H.v.T.K.), Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Center for Microelectromechanical Systems-University of Minho Research Unit, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal (S.P., C.A.S.); and Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.M.S.)
| | - Carlos A Silva
- Artorg Center for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, 3008 Bern, Switzerland (M.R.); Insel Data Science Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switerland (F.M.D.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.M., R.W.) and Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology (H.v.T.K.), Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Center for Microelectromechanical Systems-University of Minho Research Unit, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal (S.P., C.A.S.); and Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.M.S.)
| | - Fried-Michael Dahlweid
- Artorg Center for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, 3008 Bern, Switzerland (M.R.); Insel Data Science Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switerland (F.M.D.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.M., R.W.) and Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology (H.v.T.K.), Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Center for Microelectromechanical Systems-University of Minho Research Unit, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal (S.P., C.A.S.); and Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.M.S.)
| | - Hendrik von Tengg-Kobligk
- Artorg Center for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, 3008 Bern, Switzerland (M.R.); Insel Data Science Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switerland (F.M.D.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.M., R.W.) and Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology (H.v.T.K.), Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Center for Microelectromechanical Systems-University of Minho Research Unit, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal (S.P., C.A.S.); and Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.M.S.)
| | - Ronald M Summers
- Artorg Center for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, 3008 Bern, Switzerland (M.R.); Insel Data Science Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switerland (F.M.D.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.M., R.W.) and Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology (H.v.T.K.), Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Center for Microelectromechanical Systems-University of Minho Research Unit, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal (S.P., C.A.S.); and Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.M.S.)
| | - Roland Wiest
- Artorg Center for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, 3008 Bern, Switzerland (M.R.); Insel Data Science Center, University of Bern, Bern, Switerland (F.M.D.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (R.M., R.W.) and Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology (H.v.T.K.), Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Center for Microelectromechanical Systems-University of Minho Research Unit, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal (S.P., C.A.S.); and Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.M.S.)
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19
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Valbuena R, O'Connor B, Zellweger F, Simonson W, Vihervaara P, Maltamo M, Silva CA, Almeida DRA, Danks F, Morsdorf F, Chirici G, Lucas R, Coomes DA, Coops NC. Standardizing Ecosystem Morphological Traits from 3D Information Sources. Trends Ecol Evol 2020; 35:656-667. [PMID: 32423635 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
3D-imaging technologies provide measurements of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems' structure, key for biodiversity studies. However, the practical use of these observations globally faces practical challenges. First, available 3D data are geographically biased, with significant gaps in the tropics. Second, no data source provides, by itself, global coverage at a suitable temporal recurrence. Thus, global monitoring initiatives, such as assessment of essential biodiversity variables (EBVs), will necessarily have to involve the combination of disparate data sets. We propose a standardized framework of ecosystem morphological traits - height, cover, and structural complexity - that could enable monitoring of globally consistent EBVs at regional scales, by flexibly integrating different information sources - satellites, aircrafts, drones, or ground data - allowing global biodiversity targets relating to ecosystem structure to be monitored and regularly reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Valbuena
- United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), 219 Huntington Road, CB3 0DL Cambridge, UK; Department of Plant Sciences in the Conservation Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EA Cambridge, UK; School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Thoday Building, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK.
| | - B O'Connor
- United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), 219 Huntington Road, CB3 0DL Cambridge, UK
| | - F Zellweger
- Department of Plant Sciences in the Conservation Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EA Cambridge, UK; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - W Simonson
- United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), 219 Huntington Road, CB3 0DL Cambridge, UK
| | - P Vihervaara
- Biodiversity Centre, Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Latokartanonkaari 11, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Maltamo
- Faculty of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, Joensuu, Finland
| | - C A Silva
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - D R A Almeida
- Department of Forest Sciences, 'Luiz de Queiroz' College of Agriculture (USP/ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - F Danks
- United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), 219 Huntington Road, CB3 0DL Cambridge, UK
| | - F Morsdorf
- Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G Chirici
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via San Bonaventura 13, 50145 Florence, Italy
| | - R Lucas
- Earth Observation and Ecosystem Dynamics Research Group, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DB, UK
| | - D A Coomes
- Department of Plant Sciences in the Conservation Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EA Cambridge, UK
| | - N C Coops
- Department of Forest Resource Management, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Pereira S, Pinto A, Amorim J, Ribeiro A, Alves V, Silva CA. Adaptive Feature Recombination and Recalibration for Semantic Segmentation With Fully Convolutional Networks. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 2019; 38:2914-2925. [PMID: 31135354 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2019.2918096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fully convolutional networks have been achieving remarkable results in image semantic segmentation, while being efficient. Such efficiency results from the capability of segmenting several voxels in a single forward pass. So, there is a direct spatial correspondence between a unit in a feature map and the voxel in the same location. In a convolutional layer, the kernel spans over all channels and extracts information from them. We observe that linear recombination of feature maps by increasing the number of channels followed by compression may enhance their discriminative power. Moreover, not all feature maps have the same relevance for the classes being predicted. In order to learn the inter-channel relationships and recalibrate the channels to suppress the less relevant ones, squeeze and excitation blocks were proposed in the context of image classification with convolutional neural networks. However, this is not well adapted for segmentation with fully convolutional networks since they segment several objects simultaneously, hence a feature map may contain relevant information only in some locations. In this paper, we propose recombination of features and a spatially adaptive recalibration block that is adapted for semantic segmentation with fully convolutional networks- the SegSE block. Feature maps are recalibrated by considering the cross-channel information together with spatial relevance. The experimental results indicate that recombination and recalibration improve the results of a competitive baseline, and generalize across three different problems: brain tumor segmentation, stroke penumbra estimation, and ischemic stroke lesion outcome prediction. The obtained results are competitive or outperform the state of the art in the three applications.
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21
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Ramirez J, Monedero S, Silva CA, Cardil A. Stochastic decision trigger modelling to assess the probability of wildland fire impact. Sci Total Environ 2019; 694:133505. [PMID: 31394328 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ability to estimate both the time and probability of a wildfire reaching an area to be protected is critically important to preventing loss of human life and property, and damage to ecological and economic assets. Wildfire decision trigger modelling has been used to assess fire exposure and create evacuation trigger buffers around the communities providing a specific amount of warning time. This approach has been applied in multiple scenarios including household-level and community-level evacuation planning and during suppression operations. However, little attention has been paid to input data uncertainty using this modelling approach. This study presents an innovative stochastic fire simulation decision trigger modelling method that produces a probability map of the fire arrival to areas to be protected by simulating (n) wildfire decision trigger buffers with varied input data according to a potential range of deviations. The Tubbs fire (USA) was used as case study to show the applicability of this approach to estimate the probability of wildland fire impact. Our results highlighted the importance of considering input data uncertainty in operational environments to estimate fire progression and decision trigger buffers to better develop suppression tactic and strategy. The method presented may be solved in real-time and used with any empirical fire propagation model as a core engine. Practical real-time implications of this fire simulation mode are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ramirez
- Technosylva, UCSD Calit2 Qualcomm Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - S Monedero
- Tecnosylva, Parque Tecnológico de León, 24009 León, Spain
| | - C A Silva
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Biospheric Sciences Lab, Greenbelt, MD, USA; Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - A Cardil
- Technosylva, UCSD Calit2 Qualcomm Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Tecnosylva, Parque Tecnológico de León, 24009 León, Spain.
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22
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Cardil A, Vega-García C, Ascoli D, Molina-Terrén DM, Silva CA, Rodrigues M. How does drought impact burned area in Mediterranean vegetation communities? Sci Total Environ 2019; 693:133603. [PMID: 31635012 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Drought and water stress are widely known to influence fuel moisture content and flammability, although differences do exist according to the response mechanisms and adaptive traits displayed by plant communities. In the Mediterranean basin, as a result of climate change, extreme drought events are expected to become more frequent and severe, envisaging episodes of increased fire risk. In this paper, we expand the scale of analysis on how does drought influence wildfire incidence exploring the joint influence on burned area of drought duration, magnitude and temporal distribution, and the affected vegetation communities (VCs). We leveraged the weekly adaptation of the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and historical fire perimeters to model complex interactions between drought and burned area mediated by VC composition and structure. We applied multivariate factor analysis (multi-group Principal Component Analysis) and non-parametric mixed regression models (GAMM) to a set of 1-to-48 weeks SPEI and 10 dominant VCs. We detected a significant influence of drought events (negative SPEI) on burned area, although differences in terms of seasonal distribution and VC were observed. Drought played a major role in explaining burned area in late spring and autumn by altering the usual positive rainfall-evapotranspiration balance, suggesting a potential lengthening of the fire season given the projected drought trends in the next decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cardil
- Tecnosylva Parque Tecnológico de León, 24009 León, Spain; Department of Crops and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - C Vega-García
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Joint Research Unit CTFC - AGROTECNIO, Solsona 25280, Spain
| | - D Ascoli
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - D M Molina-Terrén
- Department of Crops and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain; Department of Agriculture and Forest Engineering, University of Lleida, Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - C A Silva
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Biospheric Sciences Lab, Greenbelt, MD, USA; Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - M Rodrigues
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Engineering, University of Lleida, Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198, Lleida, Spain; GEOFOREST Group, University Institute of Research in Environmental sciences (IUCA), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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de Almeida DRA, Stark SC, Valbuena R, Broadbent EN, Silva TSF, de Resende AF, Ferreira MP, Cardil A, Silva CA, Amazonas N, Zambrano AMA, Brancalion PHS. A new era in forest restoration monitoring. Restor Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Danilo R. A. de Almeida
- Department of Forest Sciences, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of AgricultureUniversity of São Paulo (USP/ESALQ) Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Scott C. Stark
- Department of ForestryMichigan State University East Lansing MI U.S.A
| | | | - Eben N. Broadbent
- School of Forest Resources and ConservationUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL U.S.A
| | - Thiago S. F. Silva
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of Stirling Stirling U.K
| | - Angelica F. de Resende
- National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Coordination of Environmental Studies (CDAM) Manaus AM Brazil
| | - Matheus P. Ferreira
- Cartography Engineering SectionMilitary Institute of Engineering – IME Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Adrián Cardil
- Department of Vegetal Production and Forestry ScienceUniversitat de Lleida Lleida Spain
| | - Carlos A. Silva
- Biosciences LaboratoryNASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD 20707 U.S.A
| | - Nino Amazonas
- Department of Forest Sciences, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of AgricultureUniversity of São Paulo (USP/ESALQ) Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Angelica M. A. Zambrano
- Department of Tourism, Recreation and Sport ManagementUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL U.S.A
| | - Pedro H. S. Brancalion
- Department of Forest Sciences, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of AgricultureUniversity of São Paulo (USP/ESALQ) Piracicaba SP Brazil
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24
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Durand MT, Orlandin CB, Bonácio GF, Sanchez ER, Durão MP, Lataro RM, Ramalho LN, Silva CA, Amaral JH, Restini CB, Salgado HC. Abstract P2005: Antioxidant Resveratrol Attenuates Cardiac Fibrosis and Reduces Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Activity in Heart Failure Rats. Hypertension 2019. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.74.suppl_1.p2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Increased reactive oxygen species activate matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) playing a critical role in cardiovascular remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). We evaluated the antioxidant effect of resveratrol (RESV) on cardiac remodeling and MMP-2 activity in heart failure (HF) rats. Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: Control; Control+RESV; HF; HF+RESV (10mg/kg/day, p.o., 4 wk). The MI was elicited by ligation of the coronary artery. After four weeks, the animals were anesthetized to evaluate the cardiac function and to collect the hearts and blood samples. Heart weight/body weight (HW/BW, mg/g) ratio and the infarct size were calculated. Histological assessment of the left ventricle was carried out with hematoxylin/eosin, and fibrosis was quantified with Masson trichrome-staining. Cardiac and plasma MMP-2 activities were determined by gel zymography. The oxidative stress was assessed measuring the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) from plasma. HF and HF+RESV showed similar infarct size. The HW/BW ratio increased (3.7±0.2 vs 3.8±0.2 vs 3.0±0.05). RESV improved the maximal slope of the systolic increment of left ventricular pressure in HF animals (9004±1120 vs 5849±595 vs 7181±533 mmHg/s) and reduced the end diastolic pressure (4±1 vs 18±4 vs 7±1 mmHg). HF increased TBARS, whereas RESV produced an antioxidant effect in HF+RESV group (11.2±0.9 vs 21.7±3 vs 8.2±1.4 μmol/L). HF augmented cardiac fibrosis (30,8±1,3 vs 8,8±0,5%) and myocyte hypertrophy (12,2±0,7 vs 8,8±0,3μm). RESV reduced collagen deposition in HF hearts (22,7±1,9%), but did not reduce the myocyte hypertrophy (11,7±0,6 μm). Cardiac and plasma MMP-2 activity were higher in HF animals (plasma: 1344±39 vs. 1164±47; heart: 536±54 vs. 262±18). RESV decreased plasma MMP-2 activity in control (992±27) and HF animals (1200±49) and reduced cardiac MMP-2 activity only in HF+RESV group (426±42). In conclusion, the antioxidant effect of RESV improved cardiac function and fibrosis and reduced MMP-2 levels in the heart and plasma from HF rats.
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Almeida DRA, Stark SC, Schietti J, Camargo JLC, Amazonas NT, Gorgens EB, Rosa DM, Smith MN, Valbuena R, Saleska S, Andrade A, Mesquita R, Laurance SG, Laurance WF, Lovejoy TE, Broadbent EN, Shimabukuro YE, Parker GG, Lefsky M, Silva CA, Brancalion PHS. Persistent effects of fragmentation on tropical rainforest canopy structure after 20 yr of isolation. Ecol Appl 2019; 29:e01952. [PMID: 31206818 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the persistent impacts of fragmentation on aboveground structure of tropical forests is essential to understanding the consequences of land use change for carbon storage and other ecosystem functions. We investigated the influence of edge distance and fragment size on canopy structure, aboveground woody biomass (AGB), and AGB turnover in the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP) in central Amazon, Brazil, after 22+ yr of fragment isolation, by combining canopy variables collected with portable canopy profiling lidar and airborne laser scanning surveys with long-term forest inventories. Forest height decreased by 30% at edges of large fragments (>10 ha) and interiors of small fragments (<3 ha). In larger fragments, canopy height was reduced up to 40 m from edges. Leaf area density profiles differed near edges: the density of understory vegetation was higher and midstory vegetation lower, consistent with canopy reorganization via increased regeneration of pioneers following post-fragmentation mortality of large trees. However, canopy openness and leaf area index remained similar to control plots throughout fragments, while canopy spatial heterogeneity was generally lower at edges. AGB stocks and fluxes were positively related to canopy height and negatively related to spatial heterogeneity. Other forest structure variables typically used to assess the ecological impacts of fragmentation (basal area, density of individuals, and density of pioneer trees) were also related to lidar-derived canopy surface variables. Canopy reorganization through the replacement of edge-sensitive species by disturbance-tolerant ones may have mitigated the biomass loss effects due to fragmentation observed in the earlier years of BDFFP. Lidar technology offered novel insights and observational scales for analysis of the ecological impacts of fragmentation on forest structure and function, specifically aboveground biomass storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo R A Almeida
- Department of Forest Sciences, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (USP/ESALQ), Avenida Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Scott C Stark
- Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - Juliana Schietti
- National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Avenida André Araújo, Manaus, Amazonas, 2936, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Jose L C Camargo
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP), National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA) and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Manaus, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Nino T Amazonas
- Department of Forest Sciences, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (USP/ESALQ), Avenida Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Eric B Gorgens
- Department of Forestry, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Campus JK, Rodovia MGT 367 - Km 583, n° 5000, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Diogo M Rosa
- National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Avenida André Araújo, Manaus, Amazonas, 2936, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Marielle N Smith
- Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
| | - Ruben Valbuena
- Department of Plant Sciences, Forest Ecology and Conservation, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2UW, United Kingdom
| | - Scott Saleska
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, 1041 E. Lowell Street, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA
| | - Ana Andrade
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP), National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA) and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Manaus, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Rita Mesquita
- National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Avenida André Araújo, Manaus, Amazonas, 2936, 69067-375, Brazil
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP), National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA) and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Manaus, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Susan G Laurance
- College of Science and Engineering, Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, 4878, Australia
| | - William F Laurance
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, 1041 E. Lowell Street, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, USA
| | - Thomas E Lovejoy
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP), National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA) and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Manaus, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Eben N Broadbent
- School of Forest Ecology and Conservation, Spatial Ecology and Conservation Lab, University of Florida, 303 Reed Lab, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Yosio E Shimabukuro
- National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Avenida dos Astronautas, São Jose dos Campos, São Paulo, 1758, 12201, Brazil
| | - Geoffrey G Parker
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contee's Wharf Road, Edgewater, Maryland, 21037, USA
| | - Michael Lefsky
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523-1476, USA
| | - Carlos A Silva
- Biosciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, 20707, USA
| | - Pedro H S Brancalion
- Department of Forest Sciences, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (USP/ESALQ), Avenida Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil
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Silva CA, Valbuena R, Pinagé ER, Mohan M, Almeida DRA, North Broadbent E, Jaafar WSWM, Papa D, Cardil A, Klauberg C. F
orest
G
ap
R: An
r
Package for forest gap analysis from canopy height models. Methods Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A. Silva
- Department of Geographical Sciences University of Maryland College Park Maryland
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt Maryland
| | | | - Ekena R. Pinagé
- School of Life Sciences University of Technology Sydney Ultimo NSW Australia
- College of Forestry Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon
| | - Midhun Mohan
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Engineering University of Lleida, Av. de l'Alcalde Rovira Roure Lleida Spain
| | - Danilo R. A. Almeida
- Department of Forest Sciences University of São Paulo, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture (USP/ESALQ) Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Eben North Broadbent
- Spatial Ecology and Conservation Lab, School of Forest Resources and Conservation University of Florida Gainesville Florida
| | | | | | - Adrian Cardil
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Engineering University of Lleida, Av. de l'Alcalde Rovira Roure Lleida Spain
- Tecnosylva. Parque Tecnológico de León. 24009 León Spain
| | - Carine Klauberg
- Federal University of São João Del Rei – UFSJ Sete Lagoas Brazil
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Chiplunkar SS, Silva CA, Bermudez LE, Danelishvili L. Characterization of membrane vesicles released by Mycobacterium avium in response to environment mimicking the macrophage phagosome. Future Microbiol 2019; 14:293-313. [PMID: 30757918 PMCID: PMC6479280 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2018-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the formation of Mycobacterium avium membrane vesicles (MVs) within macrophage phagosomes. Materials & methods: A phagosome model was utilized to characterize proteomics and lipidomics of MVs. A click chemistry-based enrichment assay was employed to examine the presence of MV proteins in the cytosol of host cells. Results: Exposure to metals at concentrations present in phagosomes triggers formation of bacterial MVs. Proteomics identified several virulence factors, including enzymes involved in the cell wall synthesis, lipid and fatty acid metabolism. Some of MV proteins were also identified in the cytosol of infected macrophages. MVs harbor dsDNA. Conclusion: M. avium produces MVs within phagosomes. MVs carry products with potential roles in modulation of host immune defenses and intracellular survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket S Chiplunkar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Carlos A Silva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Luiz E Bermudez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.,Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Lia Danelishvili
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Kuhne ACA, Pitta AC, Galassi SC, Gonçalves AMF, Cardoso ACA, Paz JA, Campos LMA, Silva CA. Munchausen by proxy syndrome mimicking childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2019; 28:249-252. [PMID: 30616452 DOI: 10.1177/0961203318821156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) is a chronic inflammatory multisystem autoimmune disease that requires multiple differential diagnoses. Munchausen by proxy syndrome (MBPS) is a form of child abuse, where a caregiver intentionally creates a medical history and induces or fabricates signs or disease in a patient. To our knowledge, there is no case report of MBPS mimicking cSLE diagnosis. We reported herein a 9-year-old male patient, with a history of multiple hospitalizations due to seizures with altered levels of consciousness. The mother reported malar rash, photosensitivity, alopecia, arthralgia, arterial hypertension, macroscopic hematuria, seizure and positive antinuclear antibodies. In the other service, he was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone, prednisone and mycophenolate mofetil. At 8 years and 8 months, he was admitted to our tertiary center with history of fever and macroscopic hematuria. Laboratory examinations were normal, including negative for antinuclear antibodies, anti-double stranded DNA, anticardiolipin, anti-Ro/SSA, anti-La/SSB, anti-RNP and anti-Sm antibodies. Multiple urine cultures revealed the presence of Enterococcus faecium, Acinetobacter sp., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Serratia marcescens, without any association with pyuria. At 8 years and 9 months, he was readmitted at emergency room with history of severe fever, headache, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia and dizziness. The physical examination showed agitation, confusion, ataxic gait, slurred speech, horizontal nystagmus, painful facial expressions, tachycardia and weight loss. Brain magnetic resonance angiography and cerebrospinal fluid analysis were normal. During hospitalization, he had an acute episode of epistaxis and otalgia with excoriation in the auditory canal. At that moment, the suspicion of MBPS mimicking cSLE was raised and phenytoin intoxication was confirmed (peak phenytoin concentration was 45.4 mcg/mL, therapeutic range 10-20 mcg/mL). The mother and the patient were immediately separated, and she was replaced by another legal guardian. One week later, the neurological and other signs and symptoms were completely resolved. The child was placed under paternal custody with a court order and moved to another state. After that, the mother reported phenytoin use for her child and was referred to psychiatric follow-up. In conclusion, the first case of MBPS mimicking cSLE, resulting in multiple unnecessary examinations and treatments with delayed diagnosis was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C A Kuhne
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A C Pitta
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S C Galassi
- 2 Pediatric Inpatient Clinics, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A M F Gonçalves
- 2 Pediatric Inpatient Clinics, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A C A Cardoso
- 2 Pediatric Inpatient Clinics, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J A Paz
- 3 Pediatric Neurology Unit, Children's Institute, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L M A Campos
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C A Silva
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Pinto A, Mckinley R, Alves V, Wiest R, Silva CA, Reyes M. Stroke Lesion Outcome Prediction Based on MRI Imaging Combined With Clinical Information. Front Neurol 2018; 9:1060. [PMID: 30568631 PMCID: PMC6290552 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In developed countries, the second leading cause of death is stroke, which has the ischemic stroke as the most common type. The preferred diagnosis procedure involves the acquisition of multi-modal Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Besides detecting and locating the stroke lesion, Magnetic Resonance Imaging captures blood flow dynamics that guides the physician in evaluating the risks and benefits of the reperfusion procedure. However, the decision process is an intricate task due to the variability of lesion size, shape, and location, as well as the complexity of the underlying cerebral hemodynamic process. Therefore, an automatic method that predicts the stroke lesion outcome, at a 3-month follow-up, would provide an important support to the physicians' decision process. In this work, we propose an automatic deep learning-based method for stroke lesion outcome prediction. Our main contribution resides in the combination of multi-modal Magnetic Resonance Imaging maps with non-imaging clinical meta-data: the thrombolysis in cerebral infarction scale, which categorizes the success of recanalization, achieved through mechanical thrombectomy. In our proposal, this clinical information is considered at two levels. First, at a population level by embedding the clinical information in a custom loss function used during training of our deep learning architecture. Second, at a patient-level through an extra input channel of the neural network used at testing time for a given patient case. By merging imaging with non-imaging clinical information, we aim to obtain a model aware of the principal and collateral blood flow dynamics for cases where there is no perfusion beyond the point of occlusion and for cases where the perfusion is complete after the occlusion point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Pinto
- CMEMS-UMinho Research Unit, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal.,Centro Algoritmi, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Richard Mckinley
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Victor Alves
- Centro Algoritmi, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Roland Wiest
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carlos A Silva
- CMEMS-UMinho Research Unit, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Mauricio Reyes
- Institute for Surgical Technology and Biomechanics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Simaes JCG, Dong T, Yang Y, Silva CA. Drinking Water Quality Monitoring: An Alternative Approach to Microbial Contamination Events. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2018; 2018:3829-3832. [PMID: 30441200 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2018.8513361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The nonstop growing of world population and consequent increase in water demands, as raise the interest in continuous and real-time drinking water monitoring systems. The following study aims to study Tryptophan Intrinsic Fluorescence as a method for detecting microbial contamination events in drinking water.
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Ribeiro AB, Fernandes PG, Brognara F, Castania JA, Silva CA, Messora MR, Salgado HC. Abstract P285: Carotid Sinus Nerve Stimulation Attenuates Alveolar Bone Loss in Rats With Induced Periodontitis. Hypertension 2018. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.72.suppl_1.p285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Few studies have focused on the impact of the progression of periodontitis on hypertension. Baroreflex Activation Therapy (BAT) has been used to treat patients with resistant hypertension. Our laboratory has investigated the role of electrical carotid sinus nerve (CSN) stimulation in unanesthetized rats, on local and systemic inflammation. Since periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the baro- and chemoreflex activation, by means of electrical stimulation of the CSN, on alveolar bone loss in rats with periodontitis.
Methods and Results:
Under ketamine/xylazine anesthesia Wistar Hannover rats were implanted with electrodes around the CSN and a catheter inserted into the abdominal aorta for blood pressure recording. After 48h periodontitis was induced by the ligation of the bilateral mandibular first molar, followed by the electrical stimulation of the CSN (1,5-4V, 1ms, 30Hz for 10 min); which was continued during the next eight days. At the 8
th
day after the induction of periodontitis, the rats were euthanized and the jaws were resected; besides, microtomographic analysis was performed by bi and three-dimensional quantification using micro-computerized tomography. As compared to baseline results the electrical stimulation of the CSN (N=7) promoted a decrease in mean arterial pressure (108± 8 vs. 91± 5 mmHg; p<0.05) and heart rate (374±10 vs. 319±15 bpm; p<0.05). The CSN stimulated rats (N=7) with periodontitis showed greater bone volume and bone surface than the non-stimulated control rats (N=4) with periodontitis, evaluated by three-dimensional analysis (0.5±0.005 vs. 0.7±0.03 mm
3
; 16.54±0.22 vs. 23.30±0.66 mm
2
, respectively; p<0.05). Moreover, the CSN stimulated rats with periodontitis presented a decrease of the furcation area and interproximal region as compared to the non-stimulated control rats (1.14±0.06 vs. 0.5±0.07 mm; 3.25±0.03 vs. 2,48±0,13 mm, respectively; p<0.05).
Conclusions:
Overall, these results demonstrate that stimulation of the CSNs promotes a protective effect on alveolar bone loss elicited by periodontitis involving the activation of the baro- and chemoreflex.
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Novak GV, Molinari BC, Ferreira JC, Sakamoto AP, Terreri MT, Pereira RMR, Saad-Magalhães C, Aikawa NE, Campos LM, Len CA, Appenzeller S, Ferriani VP, Silva MF, Oliveira SK, Islabão AG, Sztajnbok FR, Paim LB, Barbosa CM, Santos MC, Bica BE, Sena EG, Moraes AJ, Rolim AM, Spelling PF, Scheibel IM, Cavalcanti AS, Matos EN, Robazzi TC, Guimarães LJ, Santos FP, Silva CT, Bonfá E, Silva CA. Characteristics of 1555 childhood-onset lupus in three groups based on distinct time intervals to disease diagnosis: a Brazilian multicenter study. Lupus 2018; 27:1712-1717. [PMID: 30020023 DOI: 10.1177/0961203318787037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to compare demographic data, clinical/laboratorial features and disease activity at diagnosis in three different groups with distinct time intervals between onset of signs/symptoms and disease diagnosis. Methods A multicenter study was performed in 1555 childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (American College of Rheumatology criteria) patients from 27 pediatric rheumatology services. Patients were divided into three childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus groups: A: short time interval to diagnosis (<1 month); B: intermediate time interval (≥1 and <3 months); and C: long time interval (≥3 months). An investigator meeting was held to define the protocol. Demographic data, SLICC classification criteria and SLEDAI-2 K were evaluated. Results The number of patients in each group was: A = 60 (4%); B = 522 (33.5%); and C = 973 (62.5%). The median age at diagnosis (11.1 (4.2-17) vs. 12 (1.9-17.7) vs. 12.5 (3-18) years, P = 0.025) was significantly lower in group A compared with groups B and C. The median number of diagnostic criteria according to SLICC (7 (4-12) vs. 6 (4-13) vs. 6 (4-12), P < 0.0001) and SLEDAI-2 K (18 (6-57) vs. 16 (2-63) vs. 13 (1-49), P < 0.0001) were significantly higher in group A than the other two groups. The frequency of oral ulcers in the palate (25% vs. 15% vs. 11%, P = 0.003), pleuritis (25% vs. 24% vs. 14%, P < 0.0001), nephritis (52% vs. 47% vs. 40%, P = 0.009), neuropsychiatric manifestations (22% vs. 13% vs. 10%, P = 0.008), thrombocytopenia (32% vs. 18% vs. 19%, P = 0.037), leucopenia/lymphopenia (65% vs. 46% vs. 40%, P < 0.0001) and anti-dsDNA antibodies (79% vs. 66% vs. 61%, P = 0.01) were significantly higher in group A compared with the other groups. In contrast, group C had a less severe disease characterized by higher frequencies of synovitis (61% vs. 66% vs. 71%, P = 0.032) and lower frequencies of serositis (37% vs. 33% vs. 25%, P = 0.002), proteinuria >500 mg/day (48% vs. 45% vs. 36%, P = 0.002) and low complement levels (81% vs. 81% vs. 71%, P < 0.0001) compared with groups A or B. Conclusions Our large Brazilian multicenter study demonstrated that for most childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients, diagnosis is delayed probably due to mild disease onset. Conversely, the minority has a very short time interval to diagnosis and a presentation with a more severe and active multisystemic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- G V Novak
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - B C Molinari
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J C Ferreira
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A P Sakamoto
- 2 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M T Terreri
- 2 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - R M R Pereira
- 3 Division of Rheumatology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Saad-Magalhães
- 4 Pediatric Rheumatology Division, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - N E Aikawa
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- 3 Division of Rheumatology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L M Campos
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C A Len
- 2 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Appenzeller
- 5 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - V P Ferriani
- 6 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - M F Silva
- 7 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Geral de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - S K Oliveira
- 8 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Rio de Janeiro Federal University (IPPMG-UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A G Islabão
- 9 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Jose Alencar, Brasília, Brazil
| | - F R Sztajnbok
- 10 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Pedro Ernesto University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L B Paim
- 11 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Albert Sabin Children's Hospital, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - C M Barbosa
- 12 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Darcy Vargas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M C Santos
- 13 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - B E Bica
- 14 Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E G Sena
- 15 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Lauro Vanderley University Hospital, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - A J Moraes
- 16 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - A M Rolim
- 17 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Obras Sociais Irmã Dulce, Salvador, Brazil
| | - P F Spelling
- 18 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Evangélico de Curitiba, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - I M Scheibel
- 19 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Criança Conceição, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - A S Cavalcanti
- 20 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - E N Matos
- 21 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - T C Robazzi
- 22 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - L J Guimarães
- 23 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - F P Santos
- 24 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - C T Silva
- 25 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Municipal Piedade, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E Bonfá
- 3 Division of Rheumatology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C A Silva
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- 3 Division of Rheumatology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Pinto A, Pereira S, Correia H, Oliveira J, Rasteiro DMLD, Silva CA. Brain Tumour Segmentation based on Extremely Randomized Forest with high-level features. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2018; 2015:3037-40. [PMID: 26736932 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7319032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are among the most common and aggressive brain tumours. Segmentation of these tumours is important for surgery and treatment planning, but also for follow-up evaluations. However, it is a difficult task, given that its size and locations are variable, and the delineation of all tumour tissue is not trivial, even with all the different modalities of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). We propose a discriminative and fully automatic method for the segmentation of gliomas, using appearance- and context-based features to feed an Extremely Randomized Forest (Extra-Trees). Some of these features are computed over a non-linear transformation of the image. The proposed method was evaluated using the publicly available Challenge database from BraTS 2013, having obtained a Dice score of 0.83, 0.78 and 0.73 for the complete tumour, and the core and the enhanced regions, respectively. Our results are competitive, when compared against other results reported using the same database.
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Oliveira J, Pereira S, Goncalves L, Ferreira M, Silva CA. Sparse high order potentials for extending multi-surface segmentation of OCT images with drusen. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2018; 2015:2952-5. [PMID: 26736911 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7319011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Drusen quantification is important for evaluating age-related macular degeneration (AMD) progress. Most methods for retinal layers segmentation in optical coherence tomography (OCT) depend heavily on prior information. This improves robustness, but also has the downside of increasing surface rigidity. Hence, those algorithms normally smooth drusen borders, as significant local variations are not expected. In this work, we propose to integrate sparse higher order potentials (SHOPs) into a multi-surface segmentation framework to cope with local boundary variations caused by drusen. The algorithm was evaluated in a database of 20 patients with AMD. The mean unsigned error for the inner retinal pigment epithelium (IRPE) and Bruch's membrane (BM) was 5.65±6.26 and 4.37±5.25 μm, respectively. These results are relative to the average of two experts, whose inter-observer variability was 7.30±6.87 μm for IRPE and 5.03±4.37 μm for BM. The use SHOPs resulted in a successful segmentation of the IRPE. The remaining boundaries were also successfully segmented.
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Prado FP, dos Santos DO, Blefari V, Silva CA, Machado J, Kettelhut IDC, Ramos SG, Baruffi MD, Salgado HC, Prado CM. Early dystrophin loss is coincident with the transition of compensated cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189469. [PMID: 29267303 PMCID: PMC5739420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension causes cardiac hypertrophy, one of the most important risk factors for heart failure (HF). Despite the importance of cardiac hypertrophy as a risk factor for the development of HF, not all hypertrophied hearts will ultimately fail. Alterations of cytoskeletal and sarcolemma-associated proteins are considered markers cardiac remodeling during HF. Dystrophin provides mechanical stability to the plasma membrane through its interactions with the actin cytoskeleton and, indirectly, to extracellular matrix proteins. This study was undertaken to evaluate dystrophin and calpain-1 in the transition from compensated cardiac hypertrophy to HF. Wistar rats were subjected to abdominal aorta constriction and killed at 30, 60 and 90 days post surgery (dps). Cardiac function and blood pressure were evaluated. The hearts were collected and Western blotting and immunofluorescence performed for dystrophin, calpain-1, alpha-fodrin and calpastatin. Statistical analyses were performed and considered significant when p<0.05. After 90 dps, 70% of the animals showed hypertrophic hearts (HH) and 30% hypertrophic+dilated hearts (HD). Systolic and diastolic functions were preserved at 30 and 60 dps, however, decreased in the HD group. Blood pressure, cardiomyocyte diameter and collagen content were increased at all time points. Dystrophin expression was lightly increased at 30 and 60 dps and HH group. HD group showed decreased expression of dystrophin and calpastatin and increased expression of calpain-1 and alpha-fodrin fragments. The first signals of dystrophin reduction were observed as early as 60 dps. In conclusion, some hearts present a distinct molecular pattern at an early stage of the disease; this pattern could provide an opportunity to identify these failure-prone hearts during the development of the cardiac disease. We showed that decreased expression of dystrophin and increased expression of calpains are coincident and could work as possible therapeutic targets to prevent heart failure as a consequence of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda P. Prado
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniele O. dos Santos
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Valdecir Blefari
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Silva
- Department of Phisiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Machado
- Department of Biochemistry/Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Isis do Carmo Kettelhut
- Department of Biochemistry/Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Simone G. Ramos
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dias Baruffi
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Helio C. Salgado
- Department of Phisiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Cibele M. Prado
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Pereira S, Meier R, McKinley R, Wiest R, Alves V, Silva CA, Reyes M. Enhancing interpretability of automatically extracted machine learning features: application to a RBM-Random Forest system on brain lesion segmentation. Med Image Anal 2017; 44:228-244. [PMID: 29289703 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Machine learning systems are achieving better performances at the cost of becoming increasingly complex. However, because of that, they become less interpretable, which may cause some distrust by the end-user of the system. This is especially important as these systems are pervasively being introduced to critical domains, such as the medical field. Representation Learning techniques are general methods for automatic feature computation. Nevertheless, these techniques are regarded as uninterpretable "black boxes". In this paper, we propose a methodology to enhance the interpretability of automatically extracted machine learning features. The proposed system is composed of a Restricted Boltzmann Machine for unsupervised feature learning, and a Random Forest classifier, which are combined to jointly consider existing correlations between imaging data, features, and target variables. We define two levels of interpretation: global and local. The former is devoted to understanding if the system learned the relevant relations in the data correctly, while the later is focused on predictions performed on a voxel- and patient-level. In addition, we propose a novel feature importance strategy that considers both imaging data and target variables, and we demonstrate the ability of the approach to leverage the interpretability of the obtained representation for the task at hand. We evaluated the proposed methodology in brain tumor segmentation and penumbra estimation in ischemic stroke lesions. We show the ability of the proposed methodology to unveil information regarding relationships between imaging modalities and extracted features and their usefulness for the task at hand. In both clinical scenarios, we demonstrate that the proposed methodology enhances the interpretability of automatically learned features, highlighting specific learning patterns that resemble how an expert extracts relevant data from medical images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio Pereira
- CMEMS-UMinho Research Unit, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal; Centro Algoritmi, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Raphael Meier
- Institute for Surgical Technology and Biomechanics, University of Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Richard McKinley
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging - Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Roland Wiest
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging - Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Victor Alves
- Centro Algoritmi, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Carlos A Silva
- CMEMS-UMinho Research Unit, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Mauricio Reyes
- Institute for Surgical Technology and Biomechanics, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Valões CCM, Molinari BC, Pitta ACG, Gormezano NWS, Farhat SCL, Kozu K, Sallum AME, Appenzeller S, Sakamoto AP, Terreri MT, Pereira RMR, Magalhães CS, Ferreira JCOA, Barbosa CM, Gomes FH, Bonfá E, Silva CA. Anti-ribosomal P antibody: a multicenter study in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Lupus 2017; 26:484-489. [PMID: 28394238 DOI: 10.1177/0961203316676386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Anti-ribosomal P protein (anti-P) autoantibodies are highly specific for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the evaluation of this autoantibody in childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) populations has been limited to a few small series, hampering the interpretation of the clinical and laboratorial associations. Therefore, the objective of this multicenter cohort study was to evaluate demographic, clinical/laboratorial features, and disease damage score in cSLE patients with and without the presence of anti-P antibody. Methods This was a retrospective multicenter study performed in 10 pediatric rheumatology services of São Paulo state, Brazil. Anti-P antibodies were measured by ELISA in 228 cSLE patients. Results Anti-P antibodies were observed in 61/228 (27%) cSLE patients. Frequencies of cumulative lymphadenopathy (29% vs. 15%, p = 0.014), acute confusional state (13% vs. 5%, p = 0.041), mood disorder (18% vs. 8%, p = 0.041), autoimmune hemolytic anemia (34% vs. 15%, p = 0.001), as well as presence of anti-Sm (67% vs. 40%, p = 0.001), anti-RNP (39% vs. 21%, p = 0.012) and anti-Ro/SSA antibodies (43% vs. 25%, p = 0.016) were significantly higher in cSLE patients with anti-P antibodies compared to those without these autoantibodies. A multiple regression model revealed that anti-P antibodies were associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (odds ratio (OR) = 2.758, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.304-5.833, p = 0.008) and anti-Sm antibody (OR = 2.719, 95% CI: 1.365-5.418, p = 0.004). The SLICC/ACR damage index was comparable in patients with and without anti-P antibodies ( p = 0.780). Conclusions The novel association of anti-P antibodies and autoimmune hemolytic anemia was evidenced in cSLE patients and further studies are necessary to determine if anti-P titers may vary with this hematological manifestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C M Valões
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil
| | - B C Molinari
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil
| | - A C G Pitta
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil
| | - N W S Gormezano
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil.,2 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil
| | - S C L Farhat
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil
| | - K Kozu
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil
| | - A M E Sallum
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil
| | - S Appenzeller
- 3 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
| | - A P Sakamoto
- 4 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil
| | - M T Terreri
- 4 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil
| | - R M R Pereira
- 2 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil
| | - C S Magalhães
- 5 Pediatric Rheumatology Division, São Paulo State University (UNESP) - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Brazil
| | - J C O A Ferreira
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil
| | - C M Barbosa
- 6 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Darcy Vargas, Brazil
| | - F H Gomes
- 7 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - FMUSP, Brazil
| | - E Bonfá
- 2 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil
| | - C A Silva
- 1 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil.,2 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil
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Leirão IP, Silva CA, Gargaglioni LH, da Silva GSF. Hypercapnia-induced active expiration increases in sleep and enhances ventilation in unanaesthetized rats. J Physiol 2017; 596:3271-3283. [PMID: 28776683 DOI: 10.1113/jp274726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Expiratory muscles (abdominal and thoracic) can be recruited when respiratory drive increases under conditions of increased respiratory demand such as hypercapnia. Studying hypercapnia-induced active expiration in unanaesthetized rats importantly contributes to the understanding of how the control system is integrated in vivo in freely moving animals. In unanaesthetized rats, hypercapnia-induced active expiration was not always recruited either in wakefulness or in sleep, suggesting that additional factors influence the recruitment of active expiration. The pattern of abdominal muscle recruitment varied in a state-dependent manner with active expiration being more predominant in the sleep state than in quiet wakefulness. Pulmonary ventilation was enhanced in periods with active expiration compared to periods without it. ABSTRACT Expiration is passive at rest but becomes active through recruitment of abdominal muscles under increased respiratory drive. Hypercapnia-induced active expiration has not been well explored in unanaesthetized rats. We hypothesized that (i) CO2 -evoked active expiration is recruited in a state-dependent manner, i.e. differently in sleep or wakefulness, and (ii) recruitment of active expiration enhances ventilation, hence having an important functional role in meeting metabolic demand. To test these hypotheses, Wistar rats (280-330 g) were implanted with electrodes for EEG and electromyography EMG of the neck, diaphragm (DIA) and abdominal (ABD) muscles. Active expiratory events were considered as rhythmic ABDEMG activity interposed to DIAEMG . Animals were exposed to room air followed by hypercapnia (7% CO2 ) with EEG, EMG and ventilation ( V̇E ) recorded throughout the experimental protocol. No active expiration was observed during room air exposure. During hypercapnia, CO2 -evoked active expiration was predominantly recruited during non-rapid eye movement sleep. Its increased occurrence during sleep was evidenced by the decreased DIA-to-ADB ratio (1:1 ratio means that each DIA event is followed by an ABD event, indicating a high occurrence of ABD activity). Moreover, V̇E was also enhanced (P < 0.05) in periods with active expiration. V̇E had a positive correlation (P < 0.05) with the peak amplitude of ABDEMG activity. The data demonstrate strongly that hypercapnia-induced active expiration increases during sleep and provides an important functional role to support V̇E in conditions of increased respiratory demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela P Leirão
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (FCAV-UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Silva
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (FCAV-UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciane H Gargaglioni
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (FCAV-UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Glauber S F da Silva
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (FCAV-UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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Rodrigues FL, Silva LE, Silva CA, Carneiro FS, Tostes RC, Fazan R, Salgado HC. Abstract P422: Two-kidney One Clip (2k1c) Hypertension Reduces Complexity of Heart Rate Variability in Mice. Hypertension 2017. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.70.suppl_1.p422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Hypertension is the most common chronic cardiovascular disease, being multifactorial in origin and an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Complex behaviors of heart rate series have been widely recognized and the loss of complexity in heart rate variability (HRV) has been shown to predict adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We hypothesized that two-kidney one clip (2K1C) hypertension reduces the HRV complexity in mice.
Methods and Results:
C57BL/6 mice were anesthetized with isoflurane and submitted to 2K1C hypertension by placing a silver clip (0.12 mm) around left renal artery. After 4 weeks, mice were implanted with subcutaneous electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes and allowed to recover for 48 h. On the day of the experiment, the ECG was recorded for 30 minutes in conscious, unrestrained mice. At the end of the recording, arterial pressure (AP) was directly measured in each mouse under isoflurane anesthesia. RR interval time series were generated and the complexity of HRV was determined using detrending fluctuation analysis (DFA) and multiscale entropy (MSE). Mean AP was higher in 2K1C mice (133±2 vs 93±4 mmHg) while the HR was similar between groups. DFA scaling exponents were calculated in short (5 to 15), mid (30 to 200) and long (200 to 1500) window sizes, but only the long-term exponent was different between groups (1.27±0.09 vs 0.89±0.08 in 2K1C and sham mice, respectively). MSE was calculated up to scale 20 and averaged in short (1 to 5) and long (6 to 20) time scales. In both short (0.75±0.16 vs 1.25±0.11) and long (0.76±0.17 vs 1.22±0.09) ranges, entropy is lower in hypertensive mice.
Conclusions:
The complexity of HRV dynamics was found lower in renovascular hypertensive mice. Both sympathetic and vagal control of the heart seems to be involved in this process, as predictability (MSE) and fractality (DFA) is affected in various temporal scales. Nevertheless, the greatest entropy difference between groups is found at scale 6, which is closely related to respiration.
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Silva CA, Klauberg C, Hudak AT, Vierling LA, Fennema SJ, Corte APD. Modeling and mapping basal area of Pinus taeda L. plantation using airborne LiDAR data. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:1895-1905. [PMID: 28813098 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal area (BA) is a good predictor of timber stand volume and forest growth. This study developed predictive models using field and airborne LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data for estimation of basal area in Pinus taeda plantation in south Brazil. In the field, BA was collected from conventional forest inventory plots. Multiple linear regression models for predicting BA from LiDAR-derived metrics were developed and evaluated for predictive power and parsimony. The best model to predict BA from a family of six models was selected based on corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICc) and assessed by the adjusted coefficient of determination (adj. R²) and root mean square error (RMSE). The best model revealed an adj. R²=0.93 and RMSE=7.74%. Leave one out cross-validation of the best regression model was also computed, and revealed an adj. R² and RMSE of 0.92 and 8.31%, respectively. This study showed that LiDAR-derived metrics can be used to predict BA in Pinus taeda plantations in south Brazil with high precision. We conclude that there is good potential to monitor growth in this type of plantations using airborne LiDAR. We hope that the promising results for BA modeling presented herein will stimulate to operate this technology in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Silva
- Department of Natural Resources and Society, College of Natural Resources, University of Idaho/UI, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, 83843 Idaho, USA.,USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, RMRS, 1221 South Main Street, Moscow, 83843 Idaho, USA
| | - Carine Klauberg
- USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, RMRS, 1221 South Main Street, Moscow, 83843 Idaho, USA
| | - Andrew T Hudak
- USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, RMRS, 1221 South Main Street, Moscow, 83843 Idaho, USA
| | - Lee A Vierling
- Department of Natural Resources and Society, College of Natural Resources, University of Idaho/UI, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, 83843 Idaho, USA
| | - Scott J Fennema
- Water Resources Program, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, 83844 Idaho, USA
| | - Ana Paula D Corte
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Avenida Prefeito Lothário Meissner, 900, Jardim Botânico, 80210-170 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Barbosa Filho JA, Almeida M, Shimokomaki M, Pinheiro JW, Silva CA, Michelan Filho T, Bueno FR, Oba A. Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Griller-Type Broilers of Four Genetic Lines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - CA Silva
- Londrina State University, Brazil
| | | | - FR Bueno
- Londrina State University, Brazil
| | - A Oba
- Londrina State University, Brazil
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Lopes SRM, Gormezano NWS, Gomes RC, Aikawa NE, Pereira RMR, Terreri MT, Magalhães CS, Ferreira JC, Okuda EM, Sakamoto AP, Sallum AME, Appenzeller S, Ferriani VPL, Barbosa CM, Lotufo S, Jesus AA, Andrade LEC, Campos LMA, Bonfá E, Silva CA. Outcomes of 847 childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients in three age groups. Lupus 2017; 26:996-1001. [PMID: 28134038 DOI: 10.1177/0961203317690616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to assess outcomes of childhood systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) in three different age groups evaluated at last visit: group A early-onset disease (<6 years), group B school age (≥6 and <12 years) and group C adolescent (≥12 and <18 years). Methods An observational cohort study was performed in ten pediatric rheumatology centers, including 847 cSLE patients. Results Group A had 39 (4%), B 395 (47%) and C 413 (49%). Median disease duration was significantly higher in group A compared to groups B and C (8.3 (0.1-23.4) vs 6.2 (0-17) vs 3.3 (0-14.6) years, p < 0.0001). The median Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SLICC/ACR-DI) (0 (0-9) vs 0 (0-6) vs 0 (0-7), p = 0.065) was comparable in the three groups. Further analysis of organ/system damage revealed that frequencies of neuropsychiatric (21% vs 10% vs 7%, p = 0.007), skin (10% vs 1% vs 3%, p = 0.002) and peripheral vascular involvements (5% vs 3% vs 0.3%, p = 0.008) were more often observed in group A compared to groups B and C. Frequencies of severe cumulative lupus manifestations such as nephritis, thrombocytopenia, and autoimmune hemolytic anemia were similar in all groups ( p > 0.05). Mortality rate was significantly higher in group A compared to groups B and C (15% vs 10% vs 6%, p = 0.028). Out of 69 deaths, 33/69 (48%) occurred within the first two years after diagnosis. Infections accounted for 54/69 (78%) of the deaths and 38/54 (70%) had concomitant disease activity. Conclusions This large multicenter study provided evidence that early-onset cSLE group had distinct outcomes. This group was characterized by higher mortality rate and neuropsychiatric/vascular/skin organ damage in spite of comparable frequencies of severe cumulative lupus manifestations. We also identified that overall death in cSLE patients was an early event mainly attributed to infection associated with disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R M Lopes
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - N W S Gormezano
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R C Gomes
- 2 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - N E Aikawa
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.,2 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R M R Pereira
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M T Terreri
- 3 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C S Magalhães
- 4 Pediatric Rheumatology Division, São Paulo State University (UNESP) - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Brazil
| | - J C Ferreira
- 2 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E M Okuda
- 5 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A P Sakamoto
- 3 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A M E Sallum
- 2 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Appenzeller
- 6 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
| | - V P L Ferriani
- 7 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C M Barbosa
- 8 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Infantil Darcy Vargas, Brazil
| | - S Lotufo
- 9 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Menino Jesus, Brazil
| | - A A Jesus
- 2 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L E C Andrade
- 3 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L M A Campos
- 2 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E Bonfá
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C A Silva
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.,2 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
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Oliveira J, Pereira S, Gonçalves L, Ferreira M, Silva CA. Multi-surface segmentation of OCT images with AMD using sparse high order potentials. Biomed Opt Express 2017; 8:281-297. [PMID: 28101418 PMCID: PMC5231299 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.000281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the quantification of drusen is important because it is correlated with the evolution of the disease to an advanced stage. Therefore, we propose an algorithm based on a multi-surface framework for the segmentation of the limiting boundaries of drusen: the inner boundary of the retinal pigment epithelium + drusen complex (IRPEDC) and the Bruch's membrane (BM). Several segmentation methods have been considerably successful in segmenting retinal layers of healthy retinas in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. These methods are successful because they incorporate prior information and regularization. Nonetheless, these factors tend to hinder the segmentation for diseased retinas. The proposed algorithm takes into account the presence of drusen and geographic atrophy (GA) related to AMD by excluding prior information and regularization just valid for healthy regions. However, even with this algorithm, prior information and regularization still cause the oversmoothing of drusen in some locations. Thus, we propose the integration of local shape prior in the form of a sparse high order potentials (SHOPs) into the algorithm to reduce the oversmoothing of drusen. The proposed algorithm was evaluated in a public database. The mean unsigned errors, relative to the average of two experts, for the inner limiting membrane (ILM), IRPEDC and BM were 2.94±2.69, 5.53±5.66 and 4.00±4.00 µm, respectively. Drusen areas measurements were evaluated, relative to the average of two expert graders, by the mean absolute area difference and overlap ratio, which were 1579.7 ± 2106.8 µm2 and 0.78 ± 0.11, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Oliveira
- CMEMS-UMinho, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães,
Portugal
| | - Sérgio Pereira
- CMEMS-UMinho, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães,
Portugal
| | | | - Manuel Ferreira
- Algoritmi Center, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães,
Portugal
- ENERMETER, Parque Industrial Celeirós, 4705-025, Braga,
Portugal
| | - Carlos A. Silva
- CMEMS-UMinho, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães,
Portugal
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Gormezano NWS, Kern D, Pereira OL, Esteves GCX, Sallum AME, Aikawa NE, Pereira RMR, Silva CA, Bonfá E. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia in systemic lupus erythematosus at diagnosis: differences between pediatric and adult patients. Lupus 2016; 26:426-430. [PMID: 27821514 DOI: 10.1177/0961203316676379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective To determine the overall prevalence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), and to compare clinical and laboratory features in a large population of children and adult lupus patients at diagnosis. Methods This retrospective study evaluated the medical charts of 336 childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) and 1830 adult SLE (aSLE) patients followed in the same tertiary hospital. Demographic data, clinical features and disease activity were recorded. AIHA was defined according to the presence of anemia (hemoglobin <10 g/dL) and evidence of hemolysis (reticulocytosis and positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT)/Coombs test) at SLE diagnosis. Evans syndrome (ES) was defined by the combination of immune thrombocytopenia (platelet count <100,000/mm3) and AIHA. Results The frequency of AIHA at diagnosis was significantly higher in cSLE patients compared to aSLE (49/336 (14%) vs 49/1830 (3%), p = 0.0001), with similar frequency of ES (3/336 (0.9%) vs 10/1830 (0.5%), p = 0.438). The median of hemoglobin levels was reduced in cSLE vs aSLE patients (8.3 (2.2-10) vs 9.5 (6.6-10) g/dL, p = 0.002) with a higher frequency of multiple hemorrhagic manifestations (41% vs 7%, p = 0.041) and erythrocyte transfusion due to bleeding (24% vs 5%, p = 0.025). cSLE patients also had more often constitutional involvement (84% vs 31%, p < 0.001), fever (65% vs 26%, p < 0.001), weight loss > 2 kg (39% vs 6%, p < 0.001), reticuloendothelial manifestations (48% vs 8%, p < 0.001), hepatomegaly (25% vs 2%, p < 0.001) and splenomegaly (21% vs 2%, p = 0.004). Other major organ involvements were common but with similar frequencies in cSLE and aSLE ( p > 0.05). Median systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI-2 K) was comparable in cSLE and aSLE (p = 0.161). Conclusions We identified that AIHA was not a common condition in cSLE and aSLE, with distinct features characterized by a higher prevalence/severity in children and concomitant constitutional symptoms in the majority of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- N W S Gormezano
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.,2 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D Kern
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - O L Pereira
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G C X Esteves
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A M E Sallum
- 2 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - N E Aikawa
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.,2 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R M R Pereira
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C A Silva
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.,2 Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E Bonfá
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
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Silva CA, Vicente MC, Tenorio-Lopes L, Soliz J, Gargaglioni LH. Erythropoietin in the Locus coeruleus attenuates the ventilatory response to CO 2 in rats. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2016; 236:11-18. [PMID: 27818313 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The Locus coeruleus (LC) is a pontine area that contributes to the CO2/pH chemosensitivity. LC cells express erythropoietin (Epo) receptors (EpoR), and Epo in the brainstem is a potent normoxic and hypoxic respiratory stimulant. However, a recent study showed that the intra-cisternal injection (ICI) of Epo antagonist does not alter the hypercapnic ventilatory response in mice. As ICI leads to a widespread dispersal of the product throughout the brainstem, in this work we evaluated the specific impact of Epo in the LC-mediated ventilatory response to CO2 (by whole body plethysmography) in juvenile male Wistar rats. Normocapnic and hypercapnic ventilation were evaluated before and after unilateral microinjection of Epo (1ng/100nL) into the LC. To evaluate the long-term effect of Epo, the HcVR was re-evaluated 24h later. Our results show that Epo attenuates the hypercapnic ventilation. We conclude that Epo in the LC tunes the hypercapnia-induced hyperpnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Silva
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Sao Paulo State University-FCAV, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariane C Vicente
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Sao Paulo State University-FCAV, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Tenorio-Lopes
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Pavillon St. François d'Assise, Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jorge Soliz
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Pavillon St. François d'Assise, Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Luciane H Gargaglioni
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Sao Paulo State University-FCAV, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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Omoto ACM, Gava FN, de Oliveira M, Silva CA, Fazan R, Salgado HC. Abstract P237: Is Ischemia/Reperfusion an Efficient Method for Producing Heart Failure in Rats? Hypertension 2016. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.68.suppl_1.p237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Myocardium infarction (MI) elicited by coronary artery ligation (CAL) is commonly used to induce chronic heart failure (HF) in rats. However, CAL shows high mortality rates. Given that ischemia-reperfusion (IR) may cause the development of HF, this approach may be useful for obtaining a model of HF with low mortality rates. Therefore, it was compared the model of CAL vs. IR in rats, evaluating the mortality and cardiac morphological and functional aspects. The IR consisted of 30 minutes of cardiac ischemia. Wistar rats were assigned into three groups: CAL: n=18; IR: n=7; SHAM (fictitious IR): n=7. After four weeks of CAL, the subjects were evaluated by echocardiography and ventriculography as well. The statistical analysis consisted of ANOVA combined with Tukey’s posthoc test (p<0.05). There were no deaths in the IR and SHAM groups, whereas in the CAL group the mortality rate was 33.33% (6 out of 18). In the CAL group echocardiography showed increased left ventricular (LV) cavity during systole (8.3 ± 1mm) and diastole (10.5 ± 1mm); decreased LV free wall during systole (1.4 ± 0.5 mm); increased left atrium/aorta (2.3 ± 0.4) ratio. These changes were not significant in IR (4.8 ± 0.5mm, 7.6 ± 0.6mm, 2.6 ± 0.3 mm, 1.6 ± 0.2) and SHAM (4.6 ± 0.6 mm, 7.7 ± 0.8mm, 2.8 ± 0.4mm, 1.5 ± 0.2) groups. There was also the reduction in the ejection fraction in the CAL group (41 ± 12 %) when compared with IR (65 ± 9%) and SHAM (69 ± 7%) groups. The tissue Doppler analysis from the lateral mitral annulus showed reduction in E′ in CAL (-29 ± 8 mm/s) and IR (-31± 9 mm/s) groups when compared with the SHAM (-48 ± 11 mm/s) group. The ventriculography in the CAL group showed smaller maximum dP/dt (6519 ± 1062) and greater end-diastolic pressure (33 ± 8 mmHg) when compared with IR (8716 ± 756 mmHg/s; 9 ± 9 mmHg) and SHAM (7989 ± 1230 mmHg/s; 9 ± 7 mmHg) groups. The CAL group presented transmural infarct size of 40% of the left ventricular wall, measured under histopathological examination. In conclusion, IR for 30 minutes caused only small changes in LV diastolic function, assessed by tissue Doppler; however, the IR was not effective for promoting HF, as observed with CAL. Thus, it is possible that prolonged IR is necessary for promoting significant HF in rats.
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Pereira S, Pinto A, Oliveira J, Mendrik AM, Correia JH, Silva CA. Automatic brain tissue segmentation in MR images using Random Forests and Conditional Random Fields. J Neurosci Methods 2016; 270:111-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Pertille A, Moura KF, Matsumura CY, Ferretti R, Ramos DM, Petrini AC, Oliveira PC, Silva CA. Evaluation of skeletal muscle regeneration in experimental model after malnutrition. BRAZ J BIOL 2016; 77:83-91. [PMID: 27382997 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.10415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze muscle regeneration after cryoinjury in the tibialis anterior muscle of young rats that were malnourished and then recovered. Forty Wistar rats were divided into a nourished group that received a normal protein diet (14% casein) for 90 days and a malnourished and recovered rats group (MR) that was submitted to 45 days of malnutrition with a hypoproteic diet (6% casein) followed by 45 days of a normal protein diet (14% casein). After the recovery period, all of the animals underwent cryoinjury in the right tibialis anterior muscle and euthanasia after 7, 14 and 21 days. The amount of connective tissue and the inflammation area was higher in the malnutrition recovered injury MR group (MRI) at 14 days post-injury (p < 0.05). Additionally, the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the regenerated fibers was decreased in the MRI (p < 0.05). The MyoD and myogenin protein levels were higher in the nourished injury group. Similar levels of TGF-β1 were found between groups. The proposed malnutrition protocol was effective in showing delayed changes in the regeneration process of the tibialis anterior muscle of young rats. Furthermore, we observed a delay in muscle repair even after nutritional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pertille
- Graduate Program in Science of Human Movement, Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - K F Moura
- Graduate Program in Science of Human Movement, Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - C Y Matsumura
- Biosciences Institute of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - R Ferretti
- Biosciences Institute of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - D M Ramos
- Graduate Program in Science of Human Movement, Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - A C Petrini
- Graduate Program in Science of Human Movement, Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - P C Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Science of Human Movement, Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - C A Silva
- Graduate Program in Science of Human Movement, Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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49
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Abstract
Our objective was to evaluate the frequency of antinucleosome antibodies (anti-Ncs) in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) comparing it to that observed for anti-DNA and to correlate the presence of these antibodies with clinical manifestations and disease activity. Anti-Ncs and anti-DNA were detected by ELISA in 74 patients with JSLE and 64 normal controls. Clinical records were reviewed. Disease activity was assessed by SLEDAI score. Anti-Ncs and anti-DNA showed sensitivity of 52.7% and 54% and specificity of 98.4% and 95.3%, respectively. Disagreement between the two assays was found in 25.7% of the cases: isolated positive Anti-Ncs in nine cases (12.2%) and isolated positive anti-DNA in 10 cases (13.5%). Agreement was found in 74.3%: both positive antibodies in 30 cases and both negative in 25. The presence of anti-Ncs was significantly associated with malar erythema, hemolytic anemia, anti-DNA and low complement levels, but not with renal manifestations. The presence of anti-Ncs was associated with a higher SLEDAI median ( P < 0.001) and its titers correlated with the SLEDAI score ( r = 0.504; P < 0.001). The frequency, sensitivity and specificity values were similar between anti-Ncs and anti-DNA antibodies in patients with JSLE. Nevertheless, the discordance of 25.7% between the two assays suggests that both antibodies may have a complementary diagnostic role. The association and correlation between anti-Ncs and several disease activity parameters demonstrated its usufulness in the follow-up of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M A Campos
- Department of Pediatrics, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
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50
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Oliveira JC, Vieira ICG, Almeida AS, Silva CA. Floristic and structural status of forests in permanent preservation areas of Moju river basin, Amazon region. BRAZ J BIOL 2016; 76:912-927. [PMID: 27191459 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.04415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study is to analyze the floristic patterns and the structure of disturbed and undisturbed upland forests, in Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) along the Moju river, in the Brazilian state of Pará. Trees with a diameter equal to or larger than 10cm at 1.30m from the ground (DBH) ≥10cm were analyzed for the upper stratum. For the middle stratum, individuals with DBH between 4.99 and 9.99cm were sampled. Forty-five families and 221 species were found in disturbed forests, and 43 families and 208 species in undisturbed forests. Floristic similarity was high between strata and between forest types, with values above 50%. Similarity was highest between middle strata. The most species-abundant families in undisturbed forests were Fabaceae, Sapotaceae, Chrysobalanaceae and Myrtaceae; the species with the highest density there were Eschweilera grandiflora, Licania sclerophylla and Zygia cauliflora. In disturbed forests, the dominant families were Fabaceae, Sapotaceae, Lecythidaceae and Melastomataceae. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 3.21 for undisturbed forests and 2.85 for disturbed forests. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis did not group the forests by their floristic composition in both upper and middle strata. Overall, the PPA forests along the Moju river, even if disturbed, did not show major floristic changes but substantially change their structural characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Oliveira
- Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Bairro Terra Firme, CEP 66077-530, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - I C G Vieira
- Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Bairro Terra Firme, CEP 66077-530, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - A S Almeida
- Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Bairro Terra Firme, CEP 66077-530, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - C A Silva
- Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Bairro Terra Firme, CEP 66077-530, Belém, PA, Brazil
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