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Maboni G, Prakash N, Moreira MAS. Review of methods for detection and characterization of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in aquatic organisms. J Vet Diagn Invest 2024; 36:299-311. [PMID: 37606184 DOI: 10.1177/10406387231194619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacteriosis is an emerging and often lethal disease of aquatic organisms caused by several non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species. Early diagnosis of mycobacteriosis in aquaculture and aquatic settings is critical; however, clinical diagnoses and laboratory detection are challenging, and the available literature is scarce. In an attempt to fill the gap, here we review the most relevant approaches to detect and characterize mycobacteria in clinical specimens of aquatic organisms. Emphasis is given to recent advances in molecular methods used to differentiate NTM species spanning from targeted gene sequencing to next-generation sequencing. Further, given that there are major gaps in our understanding of the prevalence of the different NTM species, partially because of their distinct requirements for in vitro growth, we also reviewed the most relevant NTM species reported to cause disease in aquatic organisms and their specific in vitro growth conditions. We also highlight that traditional bacterial culture continues to be relevant for NTM identification, particularly in non-automated laboratories. However, for NTM species discrimination, a high level of accuracy can be achieved with MALDI-TOF MS and molecular approaches, especially targeted gene sequencing applied from clinical specimens or from pure NTM isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazieli Maboni
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Niharika Prakash
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Aparecida S Moreira
- Department of Veterinary, Bacterial Diseases Laboratory, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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2
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Holt CC, Boscaro V, Van Steenkiste NWL, Herranz M, Mathur V, Irwin NAT, Buckholtz G, Leander BS, Keeling PJ. Microscopic marine invertebrates are reservoirs for cryptic and diverse protists and fungi. Microbiome 2022; 10:161. [PMID: 36180959 PMCID: PMC9523941 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01363-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial symbioses in marine invertebrates are commonplace. However, characterizations of invertebrate microbiomes are vastly outnumbered by those of vertebrates. Protists and fungi run the gamut of symbiosis, yet eukaryotic microbiome sequencing is rarely undertaken, with much of the focus on bacteria. To explore the importance of microscopic marine invertebrates as potential symbiont reservoirs, we used a phylogenetic-focused approach to analyze the host-associated eukaryotic microbiomes of 220 animal specimens spanning nine different animal phyla. RESULTS Our data expanded the traditional host range of several microbial taxa and identified numerous undescribed lineages. A lack of comparable reference sequences resulted in several cryptic clades within the Apicomplexa and Ciliophora and emphasized the potential for microbial invertebrates to harbor novel protistan and fungal diversity. CONCLUSIONS Microscopic marine invertebrates, spanning a wide range of animal phyla, host various protist and fungal sequences and may therefore serve as a useful resource in the detection and characterization of undescribed symbioses. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey C Holt
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, Canada.
| | - Vittorio Boscaro
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, Canada
| | - Niels W L Van Steenkiste
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, Canada
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Maria Herranz
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, Canada
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Varsha Mathur
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Gracy Buckholtz
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Brian S Leander
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Patrick J Keeling
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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Caudal F, Tapissier-Bontemps N, Edrada-Ebel RA. Impact of Co-Culture on the Metabolism of Marine Microorganisms. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20020153. [PMID: 35200682 PMCID: PMC8879974 DOI: 10.3390/md20020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products from plants have been listed for hundreds of years as a source of biologically active molecules. In recent years, the marine environment has demonstrated its ability to provide new structural entities. More than 70% of our planet’s surface is covered by oceans, and with the technical advances in diving and remotely operated vehicles, it is becoming easier to collect samples. Although the risk of rediscovery is significant, the discovery of silent gene clusters and innovative analytical techniques has renewed interest in natural product research. Different strategies have been proposed to activate these silent genes, including co-culture, or mixed fermentation, a cultivation-based approach. This review highlights the potential of co-culture of marine microorganisms to induce the production of new metabolites as well as to increase the yields of respective target metabolites with pharmacological potential, and moreover to indirectly improve the biological activity of a crude extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flore Caudal
- Laboratoire Biotechnologie et Chimie Marines, Université Bretagne Sud, EA3884, LBCM, IUEM, CEDEX, 56321 Lorient, France;
| | - Nathalie Tapissier-Bontemps
- CRIOBE, USR3278-EPHE/CNRS/UPVD/PSL, University of Perpignan via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France;
- Laboratoire d’Excellence ‘CORAIL’, Moorea 98729, French Polynesia
| | - Ru Angelie Edrada-Ebel
- The Natural Products Metabolomics Group, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Strathclyde, The John Arbuthnott Building, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
- Correspondence:
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Mohr W, Lehnen N, Ahmerkamp S, Marchant HK, Graf JS, Tschitschko B, Yilmaz P, Littmann S, Gruber-Vodicka H, Leisch N, Weber M, Lott C, Schubert CJ, Milucka J, Kuypers MMM. Terrestrial-type nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between seagrass and a marine bacterium. Nature 2021; 600:105-109. [PMID: 34732889 PMCID: PMC8636270 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Symbiotic N2-fixing microorganisms have a crucial role in the assimilation of nitrogen by eukaryotes in nitrogen-limited environments1-3. Particularly among land plants, N2-fixing symbionts occur in a variety of distantly related plant lineages and often involve an intimate association between host and symbiont2,4. Descriptions of such intimate symbioses are lacking for seagrasses, which evolved around 100 million years ago from terrestrial flowering plants that migrated back to the sea5. Here we describe an N2-fixing symbiont, 'Candidatus Celerinatantimonas neptuna', that lives inside seagrass root tissue, where it provides ammonia and amino acids to its host in exchange for sugars. As such, this symbiosis is reminiscent of terrestrial N2-fixing plant symbioses. The symbiosis between Ca. C. neptuna and its host Posidonia oceanica enables highly productive seagrass meadows to thrive in the nitrogen-limited Mediterranean Sea. Relatives of Ca. C. neptuna occur worldwide in coastal ecosystems, in which they may form similar symbioses with other seagrasses and saltmarsh plants. Just like N2-fixing microorganisms might have aided the colonization of nitrogen-poor soils by early land plants6, the ancestors of Ca. C. neptuna and its relatives probably enabled flowering plants to invade nitrogen-poor marine habitats, where they formed extremely efficient blue carbon ecosystems7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Mohr
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Nadine Lehnen
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | | | | | - Jon S Graf
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Pelin Yilmaz
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
- Data Science Research Group, Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sten Littmann
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Nikolaus Leisch
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | | | | | - Carsten J Schubert
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Department of Surface Waters-Research and Management, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | - Jana Milucka
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
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5
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Prichula J, Primon-Barros M, Luz RCZ, Castro ÍMS, Paim TGS, Tavares M, Ligabue-Braun R, d’Azevedo PA, Frazzon J, Frazzon APG, Seixas A, Gilmore MS. Genome Mining for Antimicrobial Compounds in Wild Marine Animals-Associated Enterococci. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:328. [PMID: 34204046 PMCID: PMC8229437 DOI: 10.3390/md19060328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
New ecosystems are being actively mined for new bioactive compounds. Because of the large amount of unexplored biodiversity, bacteria from marine environments are especially promising. Further, host-associated microbes are of special interest because of their low toxicity and compatibility with host health. Here, we identified and characterized biosynthetic gene clusters encoding antimicrobial compounds in host-associated enterococci recovered from fecal samples of wild marine animals remote from human-affected ecosystems. Putative biosynthetic gene clusters in the genomes of 22 Enterococcus strains of marine origin were predicted using antiSMASH5 and Bagel4 bioinformatic software. At least one gene cluster encoding a putative bioactive compound precursor was identified in each genome. Collectively, 73 putative antimicrobial compounds were identified, including 61 bacteriocins (83.56%), 10 terpenes (13.70%), and 2 (2.74%) related to putative nonribosomal peptides (NRPs). Two of the species studied, Enterococcus avium and Enterococcus mundtti, are rare causes of human disease and were found to lack any known pathogenic determinants but yet possessed bacteriocin biosynthetic genes, suggesting possible additional utility as probiotics. Wild marine animal-associated enterococci from human-remote ecosystems provide a potentially rich source for new antimicrobial compounds of therapeutic and industrial value and potential probiotic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janira Prichula
- Gram-Positive Cocci Laboratory, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil; (J.P.); (M.P.-B.); (R.C.Z.L.); (Í.M.S.C.); (T.G.S.P.); (P.A.d.)
| | - Muriel Primon-Barros
- Gram-Positive Cocci Laboratory, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil; (J.P.); (M.P.-B.); (R.C.Z.L.); (Í.M.S.C.); (T.G.S.P.); (P.A.d.)
| | - Romeu C. Z. Luz
- Gram-Positive Cocci Laboratory, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil; (J.P.); (M.P.-B.); (R.C.Z.L.); (Í.M.S.C.); (T.G.S.P.); (P.A.d.)
| | - Ícaro M. S. Castro
- Gram-Positive Cocci Laboratory, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil; (J.P.); (M.P.-B.); (R.C.Z.L.); (Í.M.S.C.); (T.G.S.P.); (P.A.d.)
| | - Thiago G. S. Paim
- Gram-Positive Cocci Laboratory, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil; (J.P.); (M.P.-B.); (R.C.Z.L.); (Í.M.S.C.); (T.G.S.P.); (P.A.d.)
| | - Maurício Tavares
- Centro de Estudos Costeiros, Limnológicos e Marinhos (CECLIMAR), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Campus Litoral Norte, Imbé 95625-000, RS, Brazil;
| | - Rodrigo Ligabue-Braun
- Department of Pharmacosciences, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil; (R.L.-B.); (A.S.)
| | - Pedro A. d’Azevedo
- Gram-Positive Cocci Laboratory, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil; (J.P.); (M.P.-B.); (R.C.Z.L.); (Í.M.S.C.); (T.G.S.P.); (P.A.d.)
| | - Jeverson Frazzon
- Food Science Institute, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil;
| | - Ana P. G. Frazzon
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil;
| | - Adriana Seixas
- Department of Pharmacosciences, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil; (R.L.-B.); (A.S.)
| | - Michael S. Gilmore
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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6
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Grünzweil OM, Palmer L, Cabal A, Szostak MP, Ruppitsch W, Kornschober C, Korus M, Misic D, Bernreiter-Hofer T, Korath ADJ, Feßler AT, Allerberger F, Schwarz S, Spergser J, Müller E, Braun SD, Monecke S, Ehricht R, Walzer C, Smodlaka H, Loncaric I. Presence of β-Lactamase-producing Enterobacterales and Salmonella Isolates in Marine Mammals. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115905. [PMID: 34072783 PMCID: PMC8199236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine mammals have been described as sentinels of the health of marine ecosystems. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate (i) the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and AmpC-producing Enterobacterales, which comprise several bacterial families important to the healthcare sector, as well as (ii) the presence of Salmonella in these coastal animals. The antimicrobial resistance pheno- and genotypes, as well as biocide susceptibility of Enterobacterales isolated from stranded marine mammals, were determined prior to their rehabilitation. All E. coli isolates (n = 27) were screened for virulence genes via DNA-based microarray, and twelve selected E. coli isolates were analyzed by whole-genome sequencing. Seventy-one percent of the Enterobacterales isolates exhibited a multidrug-resistant (MDR) pheno- and genotype. The gene blaCMY (n = 51) was the predominant β-lactamase gene. In addition, blaTEM-1 (n = 38), blaSHV-33 (n = 8), blaCTX-M-15 (n = 7), blaOXA-1 (n = 7), blaSHV-11 (n = 3), and blaDHA-1 (n = 2) were detected. The most prevalent non-β-lactamase genes were sul2 (n = 38), strA (n = 34), strB (n = 34), and tet(A) (n = 34). Escherichia coli isolates belonging to the pandemic sequence types (STs) ST38, ST167, and ST648 were identified. Among Salmonella isolates (n = 18), S. Havana was the most prevalent serotype. The present study revealed a high prevalence of MDR bacteria and the presence of pandemic high-risk clones, both of which are indicators of anthropogenic antimicrobial pollution, in marine mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M. Grünzweil
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (O.M.G.); (M.P.S.); (T.B.-H.); (A.D.J.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Lauren Palmer
- Marine Mammal Care Center, Los Angeles, CA 90731, USA;
| | - Adriana Cabal
- Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.C.); (W.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Michael P. Szostak
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (O.M.G.); (M.P.S.); (T.B.-H.); (A.D.J.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Werner Ruppitsch
- Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.C.); (W.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Christian Kornschober
- Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), National Reference Centre for Salmonella, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Maciej Korus
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Dusan Misic
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Tanja Bernreiter-Hofer
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (O.M.G.); (M.P.S.); (T.B.-H.); (A.D.J.K.); (J.S.)
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University Clinic for Swine, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna D. J. Korath
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (O.M.G.); (M.P.S.); (T.B.-H.); (A.D.J.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Andrea T. Feßler
- Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (A.T.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Franz Allerberger
- Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.C.); (W.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Stefan Schwarz
- Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (A.T.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Joachim Spergser
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (O.M.G.); (M.P.S.); (T.B.-H.); (A.D.J.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Elke Müller
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, Germany; (E.M.); (S.D.B.); (S.M.); (R.E.)
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Sascha D. Braun
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, Germany; (E.M.); (S.D.B.); (S.M.); (R.E.)
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Monecke
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, Germany; (E.M.); (S.D.B.); (S.M.); (R.E.)
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Technical University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ralf Ehricht
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), 07745 Jena, Germany; (E.M.); (S.D.B.); (S.M.); (R.E.)
- InfectoGnostics Research Campus, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Chris Walzer
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1160 Vienna, Austria;
- Health Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York City, NY 10460, USA
| | - Hrvoje Smodlaka
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA;
| | - Igor Loncaric
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (O.M.G.); (M.P.S.); (T.B.-H.); (A.D.J.K.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-125-077-2115
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Mutalipassi M, Riccio G, Mazzella V, Galasso C, Somma E, Chiarore A, de Pascale D, Zupo V. Symbioses of Cyanobacteria in Marine Environments: Ecological Insights and Biotechnological Perspectives. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:227. [PMID: 33923826 PMCID: PMC8074062 DOI: 10.3390/md19040227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are a diversified phylum of nitrogen-fixing, photo-oxygenic bacteria able to colonize a wide array of environments. In addition to their fundamental role as diazotrophs, they produce a plethora of bioactive molecules, often as secondary metabolites, exhibiting various biological and ecological functions to be further investigated. Among all the identified species, cyanobacteria are capable to embrace symbiotic relationships in marine environments with organisms such as protozoans, macroalgae, seagrasses, and sponges, up to ascidians and other invertebrates. These symbioses have been demonstrated to dramatically change the cyanobacteria physiology, inducing the production of usually unexpressed bioactive molecules. Indeed, metabolic changes in cyanobacteria engaged in a symbiotic relationship are triggered by an exchange of infochemicals and activate silenced pathways. Drug discovery studies demonstrated that those molecules have interesting biotechnological perspectives. In this review, we explore the cyanobacterial symbioses in marine environments, considering them not only as diazotrophs but taking into consideration exchanges of infochemicals as well and emphasizing both the chemical ecology of relationship and the candidate biotechnological value for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Mutalipassi
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (C.G.); (D.d.P.)
| | - Gennaro Riccio
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (C.G.); (D.d.P.)
| | - Valerio Mazzella
- Department of Integrated Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Christian Galasso
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (C.G.); (D.d.P.)
| | - Emanuele Somma
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Punta San Pietro, 80077 Naples, Italy;
| | - Antonia Chiarore
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Donatella de Pascale
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (C.G.); (D.d.P.)
| | - Valerio Zupo
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Punta San Pietro, 80077 Naples, Italy;
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Raimundo I, Silva R, Meunier L, Valente SM, Lago-Lestón A, Keller-Costa T, Costa R. Functional metagenomics reveals differential chitin degradation and utilization features across free-living and host-associated marine microbiomes. Microbiome 2021; 9:43. [PMID: 33583433 PMCID: PMC7883442 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-020-00970-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chitin ranks as the most abundant polysaccharide in the oceans yet knowledge of shifts in structure and diversity of chitin-degrading communities across marine niches is scarce. Here, we integrate cultivation-dependent and -independent approaches to shed light on the chitin processing potential within the microbiomes of marine sponges, octocorals, sediments, and seawater. RESULTS We found that cultivatable host-associated bacteria in the genera Aquimarina, Enterovibrio, Microbulbifer, Pseudoalteromonas, Shewanella, and Vibrio were able to degrade colloidal chitin in vitro. Congruent with enzymatic activity bioassays, genome-wide inspection of cultivated symbionts revealed that Vibrio and Aquimarina species, particularly, possess several endo- and exo-chitinase-encoding genes underlying their ability to cleave the large chitin polymer into oligomers and dimers. Conversely, Alphaproteobacteria species were found to specialize in the utilization of the chitin monomer N-acetylglucosamine more often. Phylogenetic assessments uncovered a high degree of within-genome diversification of multiple, full-length endo-chitinase genes for Aquimarina and Vibrio strains, suggestive of a versatile chitin catabolism aptitude. We then analyzed the abundance distributions of chitin metabolism-related genes across 30 Illumina-sequenced microbial metagenomes and found that the endosymbiotic consortium of Spongia officinalis is enriched in polysaccharide deacetylases, suggesting the ability of the marine sponge microbiome to convert chitin into its deacetylated-and biotechnologically versatile-form chitosan. Instead, the abundance of endo-chitinase and chitin-binding protein-encoding genes in healthy octocorals leveled up with those from the surrounding environment but was found to be depleted in necrotic octocoral tissue. Using cultivation-independent, taxonomic assignments of endo-chitinase encoding genes, we unveiled previously unsuspected richness and divergent structures of chitinolytic communities across host-associated and free-living biotopes, revealing putative roles for uncultivated Gammaproteobacteria and Chloroflexi symbionts in chitin processing within sessile marine invertebrates. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that differential chitin degradation pathways, utilization, and turnover dictate the processing of chitin across marine micro-niches and support the hypothesis that inter-species cross-feeding could facilitate the co-existence of chitin utilizers within marine invertebrate microbiomes. We further identified chitin metabolism functions which may serve as indicators of microbiome integrity/dysbiosis in corals and reveal putative novel chitinolytic enzymes in the genus Aquimarina that may find applications in the blue biotechnology sector. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Raimundo
- Instituto de Bioengenharia e Biociências, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, Torre Sul, Piso 11, 11.6.11b, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - R. Silva
- Instituto de Bioengenharia e Biociências, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, Torre Sul, Piso 11, 11.6.11b, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L. Meunier
- Instituto de Bioengenharia e Biociências, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, Torre Sul, Piso 11, 11.6.11b, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S. M. Valente
- Instituto de Bioengenharia e Biociências, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, Torre Sul, Piso 11, 11.6.11b, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A. Lago-Lestón
- Department of Medical Innovation, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), 22860 Ensenada, Mexico
| | - T. Keller-Costa
- Instituto de Bioengenharia e Biociências, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, Torre Sul, Piso 11, 11.6.11b, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - R. Costa
- Instituto de Bioengenharia e Biociências, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, Torre Sul, Piso 11, 11.6.11b, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
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9
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de Kluijver A, Nierop KGJ, Morganti TM, Bart MC, Slaby BM, Hanz U, de Goeij JM, Mienis F, Middelburg JJ. Bacterial precursors and unsaturated long-chain fatty acids are biomarkers of North-Atlantic deep-sea demosponges. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0241095. [PMID: 33503057 PMCID: PMC7840048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sponges produce distinct fatty acids (FAs) that (potentially) can be used as chemotaxonomic and ecological biomarkers to study endosymbiont-host interactions and the functional ecology of sponges. Here, we present FA profiles of five common habitat-building deep-sea sponges (class Demospongiae, order Tetractinellida), which are classified as high microbial abundance (HMA) species. Geodia hentscheli, G. parva, G. atlantica, G. barretti, and Stelletta rhaphidiophora were collected from boreal and Arctic sponge grounds in the North-Atlantic Ocean. Bacterial FAs dominated in all five species and particularly isomeric mixtures of mid-chain branched FAs (MBFAs, 8- and 9-Me-C16:0 and 10- and 11-Me-C18:0) were found in high abundance (together ≥ 20% of total FAs) aside more common bacterial markers. In addition, the sponges produced long-chain linear, mid- and a(i)-branched unsaturated FAs (LCFAs) with a chain length of 24‒28 C atoms and had predominantly the typical Δ5,9 unsaturation, although the Δ9,19 and (yet undescribed) Δ11,21 unsaturations were also identified. G. parva and S. rhaphidiophora each produced distinct LCFAs, while G. atlantica, G. barretti, and G. hentscheli produced similar LCFAs, but in different ratios. The different bacterial precursors varied in carbon isotopic composition (δ13C), with MBFAs being more enriched compared to other bacterial (linear and a(i)-branched) FAs. We propose biosynthetic pathways for different LCFAs from their bacterial precursors, that are consistent with small isotopic differences found in LCFAs. Indeed, FA profiles of deep-sea sponges can serve as chemotaxonomic markers and support the concept that sponges acquire building blocks from their endosymbiotic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna de Kluijver
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- * E-mail: , (ADK); (KGJN)
| | - Klaas G. J. Nierop
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- * E-mail: , (ADK); (KGJN)
| | | | - Martijn C. Bart
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Beate M. Slaby
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulrike Hanz
- NIOZ-Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research and Utrecht University, Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands
| | - Jasper M. de Goeij
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Furu Mienis
- NIOZ-Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research and Utrecht University, Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands
| | - Jack J. Middelburg
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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10
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Bijnens K, Thijs S, Leynen N, Stevens V, McAmmond B, Van Hamme J, Vangronsveld J, Artois T, Smeets K. Differential effect of silver nanoparticles on the microbiome of adult and developing planaria. Aquat Toxicol 2021; 230:105672. [PMID: 33227667 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely incorporated in household, consumer and medical products. Their unintentional release via wastewaters raises concerns on their environmental impact, particularly for aquatic organisms and their associated bacterial communities. It is known that the microbiome plays an important role in its host's health and physiology, e.g. by producing essential nutrients and providing protection against pathogens. A thorough understanding of the effects of AgNPs on bacterial communities and on their interactions with the host is crucial to fully assess AgNP toxicity on aquatic organisms. Our results indicate that the microbiome of the invertebrate Schmidtea mediterranea, a freshwater planarian, is affected by AgNP exposure at the tested 10 μg/ml concentration. Using targeted amplification of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region, two independent experiments on the microbiomes of adult worms revealed a consistent decrease in Betaproteobacteriales after AgNP exposure, mainly attributed to a decrease in Curvibacter and Undibacterium. Although developing tissues and organisms are known to be more sensitive to toxic compounds, three independent experiments in regenerating worms showed a less pronounced effect of AgNP exposure on the microbiome, possibly because underlying bacterial community changes during development mask the AgNP induced effect. The presence of a polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP) coating did not significantly alter the outcome of the experiments compared to those with uncoated particles. The observed variation between the different experiments underlines the highly variable nature of microbiomes and emphasises the need to repeat microbiome experiments, within and between physiological states of the animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolien Bijnens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Zoology, Biodiversity and Toxicology, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Sofie Thijs
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Environmental Biology, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Leynen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Zoology, Biodiversity and Toxicology, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Vincent Stevens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Environmental Biology, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Breanne McAmmond
- Department of Biological Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jonathan Van Hamme
- Department of Biological Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Environmental Biology, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tom Artois
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Zoology, Biodiversity and Toxicology, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Karen Smeets
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Zoology, Biodiversity and Toxicology, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
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11
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Wiese J, Imhoff JF, Horn H, Borchert E, Kyrpides NC, Göker M, Klenk HP, Woyke T, Hentschel U. Genome analysis of the marine bacterium Kiloniella laminariae and first insights into comparative genomics with related Kiloniella species. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:815-824. [PMID: 31844948 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Kiloniella laminariae is a true marine bacterium and the first member of the family and order, the Kiloniellaceae and Kiloniellales. K. laminariae LD81T (= DSM 19542T) was isolated from the marine macroalga Saccharina latissima and is a mesophilic, typical marine chemoheterotrophic aerobic bacterium with antifungal activity. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed the similarity of K. laminariae LD81T not only with three validly described species of the genus Kiloniella, but also with undescribed isolates and clone sequences from marine samples in the range of 93.6-96.7%. We report on the analysis of the draft genome of this alphaproteobacterium and describe some selected features. The 4.4 Mb genome has a G + C content of 51.4%, contains 4213 coding sequences including 51 RNA genes as well as 4162 protein-coding genes, and is a part of the Genomic Encyclopaedia of Bacteria and Archaea (GEBA) project. The genome provides insights into a number of metabolic properties, such as carbon and sulfur metabolism, and indicates the potential for denitrification and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Comparative genome analysis was performed with K. laminariae LD81T and the animal-associated species Kiloniella majae M56.1T from a spider crab, Kiloniella spongiae MEBiC09566T from a sponge as well as Kiloniella litopenai P1-1 from a white shrimp, which all inhabit quite different marine habitats. The analysis revealed that the K. laminariae LD81T contains 1397 unique genes, more than twice the amount of the other species. Unique among others is a mixed PKS/NRPS biosynthetic gene cluster with similarity to the biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for the production of syringomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Wiese
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, RD3 Marine Symbioses, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Johannes F Imhoff
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, RD3 Marine Symbioses, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hannes Horn
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, RD3 Marine Symbioses, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Erik Borchert
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, RD3 Marine Symbioses, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nikos C Kyrpides
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
| | - Markus Göker
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Klenk
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Ridley Building 2, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Tanja Woyke
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA, 94598, USA
| | - Ute Hentschel
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, RD3 Marine Symbioses, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105, Kiel, Germany
- Christian-Albrechts-University (CAU) of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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12
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Goffredi SK, Tilic E, Mullin SW, Dawson KS, Keller A, Lee RW, Wu F, Levin LA, Rouse GW, Cordes EE, Orphan VJ. Methanotrophic bacterial symbionts fuel dense populations of deep-sea feather duster worms (Sabellida, Annelida) and extend the spatial influence of methane seepage. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaay8562. [PMID: 32284974 PMCID: PMC7124940 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay8562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Deep-sea cold seeps are dynamic sources of methane release and unique habitats supporting ocean biodiversity and productivity. Here, we describe newly discovered animal-bacterial symbioses fueled by methane, between two species of annelid (a serpulid Laminatubus and sabellid Bispira) and distinct aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria belonging to the Methylococcales, localized to the host respiratory crown. Worm tissue δ13C of -44 to -58‰ are consistent with methane-fueled nutrition for both species, and shipboard stable isotope labeling experiments revealed active assimilation of 13C-labeled methane into animal biomass, which occurs via the engulfment of methanotrophic bacteria across the crown epidermal surface. These worms represent a new addition to the few animals known to intimately associate with methane-oxidizing bacteria and may further explain their enigmatic mass occurrence at 150-million year-old fossil seeps. High-resolution seafloor surveys document significant coverage by these symbioses, beyond typical obligate seep fauna. These findings uncover novel consumers of methane in the deep sea and, by expanding the known spatial extent of methane seeps, may have important implications for deep-sea conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ekin Tilic
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, USA
- University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Fabai Wu
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Lisa A. Levin
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Greg W. Rouse
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, USA
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13
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Melnikova DI, Magarlamov TY. The Microbial Community of Tetrodotoxin-Bearing and Non-Tetrodotoxin-Bearing Ribbon Worms (Nemertea) from the Sea of Japan. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18030177. [PMID: 32210160 PMCID: PMC7143766 DOI: 10.3390/md18030177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A potent marine toxin, tetrodotoxin (TTX), found in a great variety of marine and some terrestrial species, leaves intriguing questions about its origin and distribution in marine ecosystems. TTX-producing bacteria were found in the cultivable microflora of many TTX-bearing hosts, thereby providing strong support for the hypothesis that the toxin is of bacterial origin in these species. However, metagenomic studies of TTX-bearing animals addressing the whole microbial composition and estimating the contribution of TTX-producing bacteria to the overall toxicity of the host were not conducted. The present study is the first to characterize and compare the 16S rRNA gene data obtained from four TTX-bearing and four non-TTX-bearing species of marine ribbon worms. The statistical analysis showed that different nemertean species harbor distinct bacterial communities, while members of the same species mostly share more similar microbiomes. The bacterial species historically associated with TTX production were found in all studied samples but predominated in TTX-bearing nemertean species. This suggests that deeper knowledge of the microbiome of TTX-bearing animals is a key to understanding the origin of TTX in marine ecosystems.
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Oliveira F, Diez-Quijada L, Turkina MV, Morais J, Felpeto AB, Azevedo J, Jos A, Camean AM, Vasconcelos V, Martins JC, Campos A. Physiological and Metabolic Responses of Marine Mussels Exposed to Toxic Cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and Chrysosporum ovalisporum. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12030196. [PMID: 32245045 PMCID: PMC7150937 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12030196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxic cyanobacterial blooms are a major contaminant in inland aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, toxic blooms are carried downstream by rivers and waterways to estuarine and coastal ecosystems. Concerning marine and estuarine animal species, very little is known about how these species are affected by the exposure to freshwater cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins. So far, most of the knowledge has been gathered from freshwater bivalve molluscs. This work aimed to infer the sensitivity of the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis to single as well as mixed toxic cyanobacterial cultures and the underlying molecular responses mediated by toxic cyanobacteria. For this purpose, a mussel exposure experiment was outlined with two toxic cyanobacteria species, Microcystis aeruginosa and Chrysosporum ovalisporum at 1 × 105 cells/mL, resembling a natural cyanobacteria bloom. The estimated amount of toxins produced by M. aeruginosa and C. ovalisporum were respectively 0.023 pg/cell of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and 7.854 pg/cell of cylindrospermopsin (CYN). After 15 days of exposure to single and mixed cyanobacteria, a depuration phase followed, during which mussels were fed only non-toxic microalga Parachlorella kessleri. The results showed that the marine mussel is able to filter toxic cyanobacteria at a rate equal or higher than the non-toxic microalga P. kessleri. Filtration rates observed after 15 days of feeding toxic microalgae were 1773.04 mL/ind.h (for M. aeruginosa), 2151.83 mL/ind.h (for C. ovalisporum), 1673.29 mL/ind.h (for the mixture of the 2 cyanobacteria) and 2539.25 mL/ind.h (for the non-toxic P. kessleri). Filtering toxic microalgae in combination resulted in the accumulation of 14.17 ng/g dw MC-LR and 92.08 ng/g dw CYN. Other physiological and biochemical endpoints (dry weight, byssus production, total protein and glycogen) measured in this work did not change significantly in the groups exposed to toxic cyanobacteria with regard to control group, suggesting that mussels were not affected with the toxic microalgae. Nevertheless, proteomics revealed changes in metabolism of mussels related to diet, specially evident in those fed on combined cyanobacteria. Changes in metabolic pathways related with protein folding and stabilization, cytoskeleton structure, and gene transcription/translation were observed after exposure and feeding toxic cyanobacteria. These changes occur in vital metabolic processes and may contribute to protect mussels from toxic effects of the toxins MC-LR and CYN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Oliveira
- CIIMAR- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450–208 Porto, Portugal; (F.O.); (J.M.); (A.B.F.); (J.A.); (V.V.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Leticia Diez-Quijada
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (L.D.-Q.); (A.J.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Maria V. Turkina
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - João Morais
- CIIMAR- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450–208 Porto, Portugal; (F.O.); (J.M.); (A.B.F.); (J.A.); (V.V.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Aldo Barreiro Felpeto
- CIIMAR- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450–208 Porto, Portugal; (F.O.); (J.M.); (A.B.F.); (J.A.); (V.V.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Joana Azevedo
- CIIMAR- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450–208 Porto, Portugal; (F.O.); (J.M.); (A.B.F.); (J.A.); (V.V.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Angeles Jos
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (L.D.-Q.); (A.J.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Ana M. Camean
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González n2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (L.D.-Q.); (A.J.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450–208 Porto, Portugal; (F.O.); (J.M.); (A.B.F.); (J.A.); (V.V.); (J.C.M.)
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169–007 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Carlos Martins
- CIIMAR- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450–208 Porto, Portugal; (F.O.); (J.M.); (A.B.F.); (J.A.); (V.V.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Alexandre Campos
- CIIMAR- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450–208 Porto, Portugal; (F.O.); (J.M.); (A.B.F.); (J.A.); (V.V.); (J.C.M.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Cheng MM, Tang XL, Sun YT, Song DY, Cheng YJ, Liu H, Li PL, Li GQ. Biological and Chemical Diversity of Marine Sponge-Derived Microorganisms over the Last Two Decades from 1998 to 2017. Molecules 2020; 25:E853. [PMID: 32075151 PMCID: PMC7070270 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges are well known as rich sources of biologically natural products. Growing evidence indicates that sponges harbor a wealth of microorganisms in their bodies, which are likely to be the true producers of bioactive secondary metabolites. In order to promote the study of natural product chemistry and explore the relationship between microorganisms and their sponge hosts, in this review, we give a comprehensive overview of the structures, sources, and activities of the 774 new marine natural products from sponge-derived microorganisms described over the last two decades from 1998 to 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Mei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, China; (M.-M.C.); (Y.-T.S.); (D.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Xu-Li Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Songling Road 238, Qingdao 266100, China;
| | - Yan-Ting Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, China; (M.-M.C.); (Y.-T.S.); (D.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Dong-Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, China; (M.-M.C.); (Y.-T.S.); (D.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Yu-Jing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, China; (M.-M.C.); (Y.-T.S.); (D.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, China; (M.-M.C.); (Y.-T.S.); (D.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Ping-Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, China; (M.-M.C.); (Y.-T.S.); (D.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, China; (M.-M.C.); (Y.-T.S.); (D.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
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16
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Cantrell DL, Groner ML, Ben-Horin T, Grant J, Revie CW. Modeling Pathogen Dispersal in Marine Fish and Shellfish. Trends Parasitol 2020; 36:239-249. [PMID: 32037136 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2019.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In marine ecosystems, oceanographic processes often govern host contacts with infectious agents. Consequently, many approaches developed to quantify pathogen dispersal in terrestrial ecosystems have limited use in the marine context. Recent applications in marine disease modeling demonstrate that physical oceanographic models coupled with biological models of infectious agents can characterize dispersal networks of pathogens in marine ecosystems. Biophysical modeling has been used over the past two decades to model larval dispersion but has only recently been utilized in marine epidemiology. In this review, we describe how biophysical models function and how they can be used to measure connectivity of infectious agents between sites, test hypotheses regarding pathogen dispersal, and quantify patterns of pathogen spread, focusing on fish and shellfish pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle L Cantrell
- Health Management Department, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada.
| | - Maya L Groner
- Prince William Sound Science Center, Cordova, AK, USA; Affiliate, US Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tal Ben-Horin
- Department of Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Science, College of the Environment and Life Science, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA; Center for Marine Science and Technology, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Morehead City, NC, USA
| | - Jon Grant
- Oceanography Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Crawford W Revie
- Health Management Department, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada; Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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17
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Wanka R, Aldred N, Finlay JA, Amuthalingam A, Clarke JL, Clare AS, Rosenhahn A. Antifouling Properties of Dendritic Polyglycerols against Marine Macrofouling Organisms. Langmuir 2019; 35:16568-16575. [PMID: 31746204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic polyglycerols (PGs) were synthesized and postmodified by grafting of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and polypropylene glycol (PPG) diglycidyl ether groups, and their antifouling and fouling-release properties were tested. Coating characterization by spectroscopic ellipsometry, contact angle goniometry, attenuated total internal reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and atomic force microscopy showed brushlike morphologies with a high degree of microscale roughness and the ability to absorb large amounts of water within seconds. PGs with three different thicknesses were tested in laboratory assays against settlement of larvae of the barnacle Balanus improvisus and against the settlement and removal of zoospores of the alga Ulva linza. Very low coating thicknesses, e.g., 11 nm, reduced the settlement of barnacles, under static conditions, to 2% compared with 55% for an octadecyltrichlorosilane reference surface. In contrast, zoospores of U. linza settled readily but the vast majority were removed by exposure to a shear force of 52 Pa. Both PEG and PPG modification increased the antifouling properties of the PG films, providing a direct comparison of the ultralow fouling properties of all three polymers. Both, the modified and the nonmodified PGs are promising components for incorporation into amphiphilic fouling-resistant coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Wanka
- Analytical Chemistry-Biointerfaces , Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum 44780 , Germany
| | - Nick Aldred
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences , Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU , United Kingdom
| | - John A Finlay
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences , Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU , United Kingdom
| | - Ajitha Amuthalingam
- Analytical Chemistry-Biointerfaces , Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum 44780 , Germany
| | - Jessica L Clarke
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences , Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU , United Kingdom
| | - Anthony S Clare
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences , Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU , United Kingdom
| | - Axel Rosenhahn
- Analytical Chemistry-Biointerfaces , Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum 44780 , Germany
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18
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Macreadie PI, Atwood TB, Seymour JR, Fontes MLS, Sanderman J, Nielsen DA, Connolly RM. Vulnerability of seagrass blue carbon to microbial attack following exposure to warming and oxygen. Sci Total Environ 2019; 686:264-275. [PMID: 31181514 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Seagrass meadows store globally-significant quantities of organic 'blue' carbon. These blue carbon stocks are potentially vulnerable to anthropogenic stressors (e.g. coastal development, climate change). Here, we tested the impact of oxygen exposure and warming (major consequences of human disturbance) on rates of microbial carbon break-down in seagrass sediments. Active microbes occurred throughout seagrass sediment profiles, but deep, ancient sediments (~5000 yrs. old) contained only 3% of the abundance of active microbes as young, surface sediments (<2 yrs. old). Metagenomic analysis revealed that microbial community structure and function changed with depth, with a shift from proteobacteria and high levels of genes involved in sulfur cycling in the near surface samples, to a higher proportion of firmicutes and euraracheota and genes involved in methanogenesis at depth. Ancient carbon consisted almost entirely (97%) of carbon considered 'thermally recalcitrant', and therefore presumably inaccessible to microbial attack. Experimental warming had little impact on carbon; however, exposure of ancient sediments to oxygen increased microbial abundance, carbon uptake and sediment carbon turnover (34-38 fold). Overall, this study provides detailed characterization of seagrass blue carbon (chemical stability, age, associated microbes) and suggests that environmental disturbances that expose coastal sediments to oxygen (e.g. dredging) have the capacity to diminish seagrass sediment carbon stocks by facilitating microbial remineralisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P I Macreadie
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Victoria 3216, Australia; Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - T B Atwood
- Department of Watershed Sciences and The Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - J R Seymour
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - M L Schmitz Fontes
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - J Sanderman
- Woods Hole Research Center, 149 Woods Hole Road, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA; CSIRO Agriculture, Waite Campus, Waite Rd, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - D A Nielsen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - R M Connolly
- Australian Rivers Institute - Coast & Estuaries, School of Environment and Science, Gold Coast campus, Griffith University, Queensland 4222, Australia
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19
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Lei H, Lei J, Zhou X, Hu M, Niu H, Song C, Chen S, Liu Y, Zhang D. Cytotoxic Polyketides from the Marine Sponge-Derived Fungus Pestalotiopsis heterocornis XWS03F09. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142655. [PMID: 31336683 PMCID: PMC6680542 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new compounds, including two new polyketides, heterocornols M and N (1, 2), and a pair of epimers, heterocornols O and P (3, 4), were isolated from the fermentation broth of the marine sponge-derived fungus Pestalotiopsis heterocornis XWS03F09, together with three known compounds (5-7). The new chemical structures were established on the basis of a spectroscopic analysis, optical rotation, experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD). All of the compounds (1-7) were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities, and heterocornols M-P (1-4) exhibited cytotoxicities against four human cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 20.4-94.2 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jing Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Mei Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Hong Niu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Can Song
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yonghong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
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20
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Seah BKB, Antony CP, Huettel B, Zarzycki J, Schada von Borzyskowski L, Erb TJ, Kouris A, Kleiner M, Liebeke M, Dubilier N, Gruber-Vodicka HR. Sulfur-Oxidizing Symbionts without Canonical Genes for Autotrophic CO 2 Fixation. mBio 2019; 10:e01112-19. [PMID: 31239380 PMCID: PMC6593406 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01112-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of symbioses between sulfur-oxidizing (thiotrophic) bacteria and invertebrates at hydrothermal vents over 40 years ago, it has been assumed that autotrophic fixation of CO2 by the symbionts drives these nutritional associations. In this study, we investigated "Candidatus Kentron," the clade of symbionts hosted by Kentrophoros, a diverse genus of ciliates which are found in marine coastal sediments around the world. Despite being the main food source for their hosts, Kentron bacteria lack the key canonical genes for any of the known pathways for autotrophic carbon fixation and have a carbon stable isotope fingerprint that is unlike other thiotrophic symbionts from similar habitats. Our genomic and transcriptomic analyses instead found metabolic features consistent with growth on organic carbon, especially organic and amino acids, for which they have abundant uptake transporters. All known thiotrophic symbionts have converged on using reduced sulfur to gain energy lithotrophically, but they are diverse in their carbon sources. Some clades are obligate autotrophs, while many are mixotrophs that can supplement autotrophic carbon fixation with heterotrophic capabilities similar to those in Kentron. Here we show that Kentron bacteria are the only thiotrophic symbionts that appear to be entirely heterotrophic, unlike all other thiotrophic symbionts studied to date, which possess either the Calvin-Benson-Bassham or the reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle for autotrophy.IMPORTANCE Many animals and protists depend on symbiotic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria as their main food source. These bacteria use energy from oxidizing inorganic sulfur compounds to make biomass autotrophically from CO2, serving as primary producers for their hosts. Here we describe a clade of nonautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing symbionts, "Candidatus Kentron," associated with marine ciliates. They lack genes for known autotrophic pathways and have a carbon stable isotope fingerprint heavier than other symbionts from similar habitats. Instead, they have the potential to oxidize sulfur to fuel the uptake of organic compounds for heterotrophic growth, a metabolic mode called chemolithoheterotrophy that is not found in other symbioses. Although several symbionts have heterotrophic features to supplement primary production, in Kentron they appear to supplant it entirely.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruno Huettel
- Max Planck Genome Centre Cologne, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Zarzycki
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Tobias J Erb
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Angela Kouris
- Energy Bioengineering and Geomicrobiology Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Manuel Kleiner
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Manuel Liebeke
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Nicole Dubilier
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
- MARUM, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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21
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Wang Y, Wang F, Bao X, Fu L. Systematic analysis of lysine acetylome reveals potential functions of lysine acetylation in Shewanella baltica, the specific spoilage organism of aquatic products. J Proteomics 2019; 205:103419. [PMID: 31212084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Protein lysine acetylation is a major post-translational modification and plays a critical regulatory role in almost every aspect in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, yet there have been no data on Shewanella baltica, which is one of the specific spoilage organism (SSO) of aquatic products. Here, we performed the first global acetylproteome analysis of S. baltica. 2929 lysine acetylation sites were identified in 1103 proteins, accounting for 26.1% of the total proteins which participate in a wide variety of biological processes, especially in the constituent of ribosome, the biosynthesis of aminoacyl-tRNA, the amino acids and fatty acid metabolism. Besides, 14 conserved acetylation motifs were detected in S. baltica. Notably, various directly or indirectly spoilage-related proteins were prevalently acetylated, including enzymes involved in the unsaturated fatty acids biosynthesis closely related to the cold adaptability, cold shock proteins, pivotal enzymes involved in the putrescine biosynthesis, and a LuxR-type protein in quorum sensing system. The acetylome analysis in Shewanella can supplement the database and provide new insight into uncovering the spoilage mechanisms of S. baltica. The provided dataset illuminates the potential role of reversible acetylation in S. baltica, and serves as an important resource for exploring the physiological role of lysine acetylation in prokaryotes. SIGNIFICANCE: The psychrotrophic nature and the ability of S. baltica to make good use of "habitat" nutrients explain its importance in spoilage of seafood stored at low temperatures. However, the underlying mechanism of spoilage potential from the perspective of protein post-translational modification was rarely studied. This work identifies the first comprehensive survey of a lysine acetylome in S. baltica and uncovers the involvement of lysine acetylation in the diverse biological processes, especially in the closely spoilage-related pathways. This study provides a resource for functional analysis of acetylated proteins and creates opportunities for in-depth elucidation of the physiological role of protein acetylation in Shewanella spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangbo Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhejiang Engineering Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xingyue Bao
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Linglin Fu
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhejiang Engineering Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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22
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Evariste L, Barret M, Mottier A, Mouchet F, Gauthier L, Pinelli E. Gut microbiota of aquatic organisms: A key endpoint for ecotoxicological studies. Environ Pollut 2019; 248:989-999. [PMID: 31091643 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbial communities constitute a compartment of crucial importance in regulation of homeostasis of multiple host physiological functions as well as in resistance towards environmental pollutants. Many chemical contaminants were shown to constitute a major threat for gut bacteria. Changes in gut microbiome could lead to alteration of host health. The access to high-throughput sequencing platforms permitted a great expansion of this discipline in human health while data from ecotoxicological studies are scarce and particularly those related to aquatic pollution. The main purpose of this review is to summarize recent body of literature providing data obtained from microbial community surveys using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing technology applied to aquatic ecotoxicity. Effects of pesticides, PCBs, PBDEs, heavy metals, nanoparticles, PPCPs, microplastics and endocrine disruptors on gut microbial communities are presented and discussed. We pointed out difficulties and limits provided by actual methodologies. We also proposed ways to improve understanding of links between changes in gut bacterial communities and host fitness loss, along with further applications for this emerging discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauris Evariste
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Maialen Barret
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Antoine Mottier
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
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23
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Torres M, Dessaux Y, Llamas I. Saline Environments as a Source of Potential Quorum Sensing Disruptors to Control Bacterial Infections: A Review. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17030191. [PMID: 30934619 PMCID: PMC6471967 DOI: 10.3390/md17030191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Saline environments, such as marine and hypersaline habitats, are widely distributed around the world. They include sea waters, saline lakes, solar salterns, or hypersaline soils. The bacteria that live in these habitats produce and develop unique bioactive molecules and physiological pathways to cope with the stress conditions generated by these environments. They have been described to produce compounds with properties that differ from those found in non-saline habitats. In the last decades, the ability to disrupt quorum-sensing (QS) intercellular communication systems has been identified in many marine organisms, including bacteria. The two main mechanisms of QS interference, i.e., quorum sensing inhibition (QSI) and quorum quenching (QQ), appear to be a more frequent phenomenon in marine aquatic environments than in soils. However, data concerning bacteria from hypersaline habitats is scarce. Salt-tolerant QSI compounds and QQ enzymes may be of interest to interfere with QS-regulated bacterial functions, including virulence, in sectors such as aquaculture or agriculture where salinity is a serious environmental issue. This review provides a global overview of the main works related to QS interruption in saline environments as well as the derived biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Torres
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Institute of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain.
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA/CNRS/University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Yves Dessaux
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA/CNRS/University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Inmaculada Llamas
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Institute of Biotechnology, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain.
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24
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Ito M, Watanabe K, Maruyama T, Mori T, Niwa K, Chow S, Takeyama H. Enrichment of bacteria and alginate lyase genes potentially involved in brown alga degradation in the gut of marine gastropods. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2129. [PMID: 30765748 PMCID: PMC6375959 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38356-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut bacteria of phytophagous and omnivorous marine invertebrates often possess alginate lyases (ALGs), which are key enzymes for utilizing macroalgae as carbon neutral biomass. We hypothesized that the exclusive feeding of a target alga to marine invertebrates would shift the gut bacterial diversity suitable for degrading the algal components. To test this hypothesis, we reared sea hare (Dolabella auricularia) and sea snail (Batillus cornutus) for two to four weeks with exclusive feeding of a brown alga (Ecklonia cava). Pyrosequencing analysis of the gut bacterial 16S rRNA genes revealed shifts in the gut microbiota after rearing, mainly due to a decrease in the variety of bacterial members. Significant increases in six and four 16S rRNA gene phylotypes were observed in the reared sea hares and sea snails, respectively, and some of them were phylogenetically close to known alginate-degrading bacteria. Clone library analysis of PL7 family ALG genes using newly designed degenerate primer sets detected a total of 50 ALG gene phylotypes based on 90% amino acid identity. The number of ALG gene phylotypes increased in the reared sea hare but decreased in reared sea snail samples, and no phylotype was shared between them. Out of the 50 phylotypes, 15 were detected only after the feeding procedure. Thus, controlled feeding strategy may be valid and useful for the efficient screening of genes suitable for target alga fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihiro Ito
- Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumaki-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-0041, Japan
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Kotaro Watanabe
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Mori
- International Center for Science and Engineering Programs, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Kentaro Niwa
- National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8648, Japan
| | - Seinen Chow
- National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-8648, Japan
| | - Haruko Takeyama
- Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumaki-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-0041, Japan.
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan.
- Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan.
- Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory, AIST-Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 169-0072, Japan.
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25
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Abstract
Marine invertebrates often host diverse microbial communities, making it difficult to identify important symbionts and to understand how these communities are structured. This complexity has also made it challenging to assign microbial functions and to unravel the myriad of interactions among the microbiota. Here we propose to address these issues by applying evidence from model systems of host-microbe coevolution to complex marine invertebrate microbiomes. Coevolution is the reciprocal adaptation of one lineage in response to another and can occur through the interaction of a host and its beneficial symbiont. A classic indicator of coevolution is codivergence of host and microbe, and evidence of this is found in both corals and sponges. Metabolic collaboration between host and microbe is often linked to codivergence and appears likely in complex holobionts, where microbial symbionts can interact with host cells through production and degradation of metabolic compounds. Neutral models are also useful to distinguish selected microbes against a background population consisting predominately of random associates. Enhanced understanding of the interactions between marine invertebrates and their microbial communities is urgently required as coral reefs face unprecedented local and global pressures and as active restoration approaches, including manipulation of the microbiome, are proposed to improve the health and tolerance of reef species. On the basis of a detailed review of the literature, we propose three research criteria for examining coevolution in marine invertebrates: (i) identifying stochastic and deterministic components of the microbiome, (ii) assessing codivergence of host and microbe, and (iii) confirming the intimate association based on shared metabolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A O'Brien
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- AIMS@JCU, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicole S Webster
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- AIMS@JCU, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David J Miller
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - David G Bourne
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- AIMS@JCU, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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26
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Sirová D, Bárta J, Šimek K, Posch T, Pech J, Stone J, Borovec J, Adamec L, Vrba J. Hunters or farmers? Microbiome characteristics help elucidate the diet composition in an aquatic carnivorous plant. Microbiome 2018; 6:225. [PMID: 30558682 PMCID: PMC6297986 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Utricularia are rootless aquatic carnivorous plants which have recently attracted the attention of researchers due to the peculiarities of their miniaturized genomes. Here, we focus on a novel aspect of Utricularia ecophysiology-the interactions with and within the complex communities of microorganisms colonizing their traps and external surfaces. RESULTS Bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa inhabit the miniature ecosystem of the Utricularia trap lumen and are involved in the regeneration of nutrients from complex organic matter. By combining molecular methods, microscopy, and other approaches to assess the trap-associated microbial community structure, diversity, function, as well as the nutrient turn-over potential of bacterivory, we gained insight into the nutrient acquisition strategies of the Utricularia hosts. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that Utricularia traps can, in terms of their ecophysiological function, be compared to microbial cultivators or farms, which center around complex microbial consortia acting synergistically to convert complex organic matter, often of algal origin, into a source of utilizable nutrients for the plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara Sirová
- Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Bárta
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Šimek
- Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Thomas Posch
- Limnological Station, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, CH-8802, Kilchberg, Switzerland
| | - Jiří Pech
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - James Stone
- Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK-99775, USA
- Institute of Experimental Botany CAS, Rozvojová 263, CZ-16502, Praha 6-Lysolaje, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Borovec
- Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Adamec
- Institute of Botany CAS, Dukelská 135, CZ-37982, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Vrba
- Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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Yurchenko EA, Menchinskaya ES, Pislyagin EA, Trinh PTH, Ivanets EV, Smetanina OF, Yurchenko AN. Neuroprotective Activity of Some Marine Fungal Metabolites in the 6-Hydroxydopamin- and Paraquat-Induced Parkinson's Disease Models. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E457. [PMID: 30469376 PMCID: PMC6265791 DOI: 10.3390/md16110457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A new melatonin analogue 6-hydroxy-N-acetyl-β-oxotryptamine (1) was isolated from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. KMM 4672. It is the second case of melatonin-related compounds isolation from microfilamentous fungi. The neuroprotective activities of this metabolite, as well as 3-methylorsellinic acid (2) and 8-methoxy-3,5-dimethylisochroman-6-ol (3) from Penicillium sp. KMM 4672, candidusin A (4) and 4″-dehydroxycandidusin A (5) from Aspergillus sp. KMM 4676, and diketopiperazine mactanamide (6) from Aspergillus flocculosus, were investigated in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)- and paraquat (PQ)-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) cell models. All of them protected Neuro2a cells against the damaging influence of 6-OHDA to varying degrees. This effect may be realized via a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging pathway. The new melatonin analogue more effectively protected Neuro2A cells against the 6-OHDA-induced neuronal death, in comparison with melatonin, as well as against the PQ-induced neurotoxicity. Dehydroxylation at C-3″ and C-4″ significantly increased free radical scavenging and neuroprotective activity of candidusin-related p-terphenyl polyketides in both the 6-OHDA- and PQ-induced PD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Yurchenko
- Laboratory of Bioassays and Mechanism of Action of Biologically Active Substances, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina S Menchinskaya
- Laboratory of Bioassays and Mechanism of Action of Biologically Active Substances, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Evgeny A Pislyagin
- Laboratory of Bioassays and Mechanism of Action of Biologically Active Substances, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Phan Thi Hoai Trinh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Nhatrang Institute of Technology Research and Application, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 02 Hung Vuong, Nha Trang 650000, Vietnam.
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam.
| | - Elena V Ivanets
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Microbial Metabolites, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Olga F Smetanina
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Microbial Metabolites, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Anton N Yurchenko
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Microbial Metabolites, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
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Turner AD, Fenwick D, Powell A, Dhanji-Rapkova M, Ford C, Hatfield RG, Santos A, Martinez-Urtaza J, Bean TP, Baker-Austin C, Stebbing P. New Invasive Nemertean Species ( Cephalothrix Simula) in England with High Levels of Tetrodotoxin and a Microbiome Linked to Toxin Metabolism. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E452. [PMID: 30453540 PMCID: PMC6266807 DOI: 10.3390/md16110452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine nemertean Cephalothrix simula originates from the Pacific Ocean but in recent years has been discovered in northern Europe. The species has been associated with high levels of the marine neurotoxin Tetrodotoxin, traditionally associated with Pufferfish Poisoning. This study reports the first discovery of two organisms of C. simula in the UK, showing the geographical extent of this species is wider than originally described. Species identification was initially conducted morphologically, with confirmation by Cox 1 DNA sequencing. 16S gene sequencing enabled the taxonomic assignment of the microbiome, showing the prevalence of a large number of bacterial genera previously associated with TTX production including Alteromonas, Vibrio and Pseudomonas. LC-MS/MS analysis of the nemertean tissue revealed the presence of multiple analogues of TTX, dominated by the parent TTX, with a total toxin concentration quantified at 54 µg TTX per g of tissue. Pseudomonas luteola isolated from C. simula, together with Vibrio alginolyticus from the native nemertean Tubulanus annulatus, were cultured at low temperature and both found to contain TTX. Overall, this paper confirms the high toxicity of a newly discovered invasive nemertean species with links to toxin-producing marine bacteria and the potential risk to human safety. Further work is required to assess the geographical extent and toxicity range of C. simula along the UK coast in order to properly gauge the potential impacts on the environment and human safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Turner
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
| | | | - Andy Powell
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
| | - Monika Dhanji-Rapkova
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
| | - Charlotte Ford
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
| | - Robert G Hatfield
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
| | - Andres Santos
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
- Laboratory of Applied and Molecular Biology, Avenida Alemania 0458, 4810296 Temuco, Chile.
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, 4811230 Temuco, Chile.
| | - Jaime Martinez-Urtaza
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
| | - Tim P Bean
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
| | - Craig Baker-Austin
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
| | - Paul Stebbing
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
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Batista D, Costa R, Carvalho AP, Batista WR, Rua CPJ, de Oliveira L, Leomil L, Fróes AM, Thompson FL, Coutinho R, Dobretsov S. Environmental conditions affect activity and associated microorganisms of marine sponges. Mar Environ Res 2018; 142:59-68. [PMID: 30274716 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Changes in environmental conditions can influence sponges and their holobionts. The present study investigated the effect of upwelling and anthropogenic pollution on the bioactivity of marine sponges, microbial communities and functional genes, and composition of their chemical compounds. The species Dysidea etheria, Darwinella sp., Hymeniacidon heliophila and Tedania ignis were collected from areas with distinct influence of upwelling and low anthropogenic impact and from areas without influence of upwelling but affected by sewage and the port. In most cases, the same sponge species collected from areas with distinct environmental conditions had a different chemical composition, antifouling activity, composition and diversity of associated microorganisms. Antimicrobial, quorum sensing inhibitory and anti-larval activities of sponge extracts were more pronounced in the area without upwelling showing higher level of anthropogenic pollution. This study suggests that upwelling and anthropogenic pollution affect the chemical activity and holobiome composition of sponges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Batista
- Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Rua Kioto no 253, Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Rafaela Costa
- Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Rua Kioto no 253, Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Polycarpa Carvalho
- Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Rua Kioto no 253, Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo, RJ, Brazil
| | - William Romão Batista
- Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Rua Kioto no 253, Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cintia P J Rua
- Instituto de Biologia e SAGE-COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão s/n, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Louisi de Oliveira
- Instituto de Biologia e SAGE-COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão s/n, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana Leomil
- Instituto de Biologia e SAGE-COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão s/n, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriana M Fróes
- Instituto de Biologia e SAGE-COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão s/n, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fabiano L Thompson
- Instituto de Biologia e SAGE-COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão s/n, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Coutinho
- Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Rua Kioto no 253, Praia dos Anjos, Arraial do Cabo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- Marine Science and Fisheries Department, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123. PO Box 34, Muscat, Oman; Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123. PO Box 50, Muscat, Oman.
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30
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Furey PC, Liess A, Lee S. Substratum-Associated Microbiota. Water Environ Res 2018; 90:1171-1205. [PMID: 30126482 DOI: 10.2175/106143018x15289915807209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review briefly highlights findings from a survey of 2017 literature on substratum-associated microbiota from a variety of aquatic environments, but primarily freshwaters. Centered on algae, cyanobacteria, and bacteria, topics covered include those of relevance to the Water Environment Federation, along with those of recent and emerging interest such as new or updated methods, new and interesting taxa, general ecology, trophic interactions, biogeochemical cycling, aquatic pollutants like herbicides and heavy metals, and nuisance, bloom-forming, or harmful algae. Additional coverage includes studies on bioremediation, bioassessment, biomonitoring and quantification of benthic microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula C Furey
- St. Catherine University, Department Biology, 2004 Randolph Ave, Mailstop 4246, St. Paul, MN 55105, USA
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31
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Abstract
This review su mmarizes selected publications from 2017 highlighting the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in the environment with emphasis on the aquatic environment. The review also covers different treatment technologies being developed for AMR genes as an environmental contaminant. The progress made in the area of AMR gene databases and tools is also reviewed. Besides a brief introduction, the content is categorized into three main sections: i) Occurrence of AMR in the Environment, ii) Treatment technologies for AMR, and iii) AMR databases and tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Waseem
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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32
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Li ZX, Wang XF, Ren GW, Yuan XL, Deng N, Ji GX, Li W, Zhang P. Prenylated Diphenyl Ethers from the Marine Algal-Derived Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus tennesseensis. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092368. [PMID: 30227613 PMCID: PMC6225247 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Considerable attention has been paid to marine derived endophytic fungi, owing to their capacity to produce novel secondary metabolites with potent bioactivities. In this study, two new compounds with a prenylated diphenyl ether structure—diorcinol L (1) and (R)-diorcinol B (2)—were isolated from the marine algal-derived endophytic fungus Aspergillus tennesseensis, along with seven known compounds: (S)-diorcinol B (3), 9-acetyldiorcinol B (4), diorcinol C (5), diorcinol D (6), diorcinol E (7), diorcinol J (8), and a dihydrobenzofuran derivative 9. Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR spectroscopy studies. Compound 2 represents the first example of an R-configuration in the prenylated moiety. All these isolated compounds were examined for antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. Compounds 1–9 exhibited antimicrobial activities against some human- and plant-pathogenic microbes with MIC values ranging from 2 to 64 μg/mL. Moreover, compound 9 displayed considerable inhibitory activity against the THP-1 cell line in vitro, with an IC50 value of 7.0 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Xia Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China.
| | - Xiu-Fang Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China.
| | - Guang-Wei Ren
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China.
| | - Xiao-Long Yuan
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China.
| | - Ning Deng
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China.
| | - Gui-Xia Ji
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China.
| | - Wei Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China.
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Ibrahim AH, Attia EZ, Hajjar D, Anany MA, Desoukey SY, Fouad MA, Kamel MS, Wajant H, Gulder TAM, Abdelmohsen UR. New Cytotoxic Cyclic Peptide from the Marine Sponge-Associated Nocardiopsis sp. UR67. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16090290. [PMID: 30134565 PMCID: PMC6174345 DOI: 10.3390/md16090290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A new cyclic hexapeptide, nocardiotide A (1), together with three known compounds—tryptophan (2), kynurenic acid (3), and 4-amino-3-methoxy benzoic acid (4)—were isolated and identified from the broth culture of Nocardiopsis sp. UR67 strain associated with the marine sponge Callyspongia sp. from the Red Sea. The structure elucidation of the isolated compounds were determined based on detailed spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experimental analyses in combination with high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), while the absolute stereochemistry of all amino acids components of nocardiotide A (1) was deduced using Marfey’s method. Additionally, ten known metabolites were dereplicated using HR-ESI-MS analysis. Nocardiotide A (1) displayed significant cytotoxic effects towards the murine CT26 colon carcinoma, human HeLa cervix carcinoma, and human MM.1S multiple myeloma cell lines. The results obtained revealed sponge-associated Nocardiopsis as a substantial source of lead natural products with pronounced pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyaa Hatem Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, 82524 Sohag, Egypt.
| | - Eman Zekry Attia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt.
| | - Dina Hajjar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Center for Science and Medical Research, University of Jeddah, 80203 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohamed A Anany
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
- Division of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt.
| | - Samar Yehia Desoukey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt.
| | - Mostafa Ahmed Fouad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Salah Kamel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, 61111 New Minia City, Egypt.
| | - Harald Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Tobias A M Gulder
- Biosystems Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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Chaib De Mares M, Jiménez DJ, Palladino G, Gutleben J, Lebrun LA, Muller EEL, Wilmes P, Sipkema D, van Elsas JD. Expressed protein profile of a Tectomicrobium and other microbial symbionts in the marine sponge Aplysina aerophoba as evidenced by metaproteomics. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11795. [PMID: 30087358 PMCID: PMC6081418 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30134-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aplysina aerophoba is an emerging model marine sponge, with a well-characterized microbial community in terms of diversity and structure. However, little is known about the expressed functional capabilities of its associated microbes. Here, we present the first metaproteomics-based study of the microbiome of A. aerophoba. We found that transport and degradation of halogenated and chloroaromatic compounds are common active processes in the sponge microbiomes. Our data further reveal that the highest number of proteins were affiliated to a sponge-associated Tectomicrobium, presumably from the family Entotheonellaceae, as well as to the well-known symbiont "Candidatus Synechococcus spongiarium", suggesting a high metabolic activity of these two microorganisms in situ. Evidence for nitric oxide (NO) conversion to nitrous oxide was consistently observed for Tectomicrobia across replicates, by production of the NorQ protein. Moreover, we found a potential energy-yielding pathway through CO oxidation by putative Chloroflexi bacteria. Finally, we observed expression of enzymes that may be involved in the transformation of chitin, glycoproteins, glycolipids and glucans into smaller molecules, consistent with glycosyl hydrolases predicted from analyses of the genomes of Poribacteria sponge symbionts. Thus, this study provides crucial links between expressed proteins and specific members of the A. aerophoba microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Chaib De Mares
- Microbial Ecology Cluster, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Diego Javier Jiménez
- Microbial Ecology Cluster, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Giorgia Palladino
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Gutleben
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura A Lebrun
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Emilie E L Muller
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Microbiology, Genomics and the Environment, UMR 7156 UNISTRA - CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Paul Wilmes
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Detmer Sipkema
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Dirk van Elsas
- Microbial Ecology Cluster, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Ivanets EV, Yurchenko AN, Smetanina OF, Rasin AB, Zhuravleva OI, Pivkin MV, Popov RS, von Amsberg G, Afiyatullov SS, Dyshlovoy SA. Asperindoles A⁻D and a p-Terphenyl Derivative from the Ascidian-Derived Fungus Aspergillus sp. KMM 4676. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E232. [PMID: 29987238 PMCID: PMC6070833 DOI: 10.3390/md16070232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new indole-diterpene alkaloids asperindoles A⁻D (1⁻4) and the known p-terphenyl derivative 3″-hydroxyterphenyllin (5) were isolated from the marine-derived strain of the fungus Aspergillus sp., associated with an unidentified colonial ascidian. The structures of 1⁻5 were established by 2D NMR and HRESIMS data. The absolute configurations of all stereocenters of 1⁻4 were determined by the combination of ROESY data, coupling constants analysis, and biogenetic considerations. Asperindoles C and D contain a 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid (2-HIBA) residue, rarely found in natural compounds. Asperindole A exhibits cytotoxic activity against hormone therapy-resistant PC-3 and 22Rv1, as well as hormone therapy-sensitive human prostate cancer cells, and induces apoptosis in these cells at low-micromolar concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Ivanets
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Anton N Yurchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Olga F Smetanina
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Anton B Rasin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Olesya I Zhuravleva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
- School of Natural Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova St., 8, Vladivostok 690000, Russia.
| | - Mikhail V Pivkin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Roman S Popov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Gunhild von Amsberg
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Shamil Sh Afiyatullov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Sergey A Dyshlovoy
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
- School of Natural Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova St., 8, Vladivostok 690000, Russia.
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald-Tumorzentrum, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Buedenbender L, Robertson LP, Lucantoni L, Avery VM, Kurtböke Dİ, Carroll AR. HSQC-TOCSY Fingerprinting-Directed Discovery of Antiplasmodial Polyketides from the Marine Ascidian-Derived Streptomyces sp. (USC-16018). Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16060189. [PMID: 29849004 PMCID: PMC6025042 DOI: 10.3390/md16060189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical investigations on the fermentation extract obtained from an ascidian-derived Streptomyces sp. (USC-16018) yielded a new ansamycin polyketide, herbimycin G (1), as well as a known macrocyclic polyketide, elaiophylin (2), and four known diketopiperazines (3–6). The structures of the compounds were elucidated based on 1D/2D NMR and MS data. The absolute configuration of 1 was established by comparison of experimental and predicted electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. Antiplasmodial activities were tested for the natural products against chloroquine sensitive (3D7) and chloroquine resistant (Dd2) Plasmodium falciparum strains; the two polyketides (1–2) demonstrated an inhibition of >75% against both parasite strains and while 2 was highly cytotoxic, herbimycin G (1) showed no cytotoxicity and good predicted water solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Buedenbender
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia.
| | - Luke P Robertson
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia.
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Leonardo Lucantoni
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Vicky M Avery
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - D İpek Kurtböke
- GeneCology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia.
| | - Anthony R Carroll
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia.
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
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Alex A, Antunes A. Genus-wide comparison of Pseudovibrio bacterial genomes reveal diverse adaptations to different marine invertebrate hosts. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194368. [PMID: 29775460 PMCID: PMC5959193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria belonging to the genus Pseudovibrio have been frequently found in association with a wide variety of marine eukaryotic invertebrate hosts, indicative of their versatile and symbiotic lifestyle. A recent comparison of the sponge-associated Pseudovibrio genomes has shed light on the mechanisms influencing a successful symbiotic association with sponges. In contrast, the genomic architecture of Pseudovibrio bacteria associated with other marine hosts has received less attention. Here, we performed genus-wide comparative analyses of 18 Pseudovibrio isolated from sponges, coral, tunicates, flatworm, and seawater. The analyses revealed a certain degree of commonality among the majority of sponge- and coral-associated bacteria. Isolates from other marine invertebrate host, tunicates, exhibited a genetic repertoire for cold adaptation and specific metabolic abilities including mucin degradation in the Antarctic tunicate-associated bacterium Pseudovibrio sp. Tun.PHSC04_5.I4. Reductive genome evolution was simultaneously detected in the flatworm-associated bacteria and the sponge-associated bacterium P. axinellae AD2, through the loss of major secretion systems (type III/VI) and virulence/symbioses factors such as proteins involved in adhesion and attachment to the host. Our study also unraveled the presence of a CRISPR-Cas system in P. stylochi UST20140214-052 a flatworm-associated bacterium possibly suggesting the role of CRISPR-based adaptive immune system against the invading virus particles. Detection of mobile elements and genomic islands (GIs) in all bacterial members highlighted the role of horizontal gene transfer for the acquisition of novel genetic features, likely enhancing the bacterial ecological fitness. These findings are insightful to understand the role of genome diversity in Pseudovibrio as an evolutionary strategy to increase their colonizing success across a wide range of marine eukaryotic hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoop Alex
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- * E-mail: (AA); (AA)
| | - Agostinho Antunes
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- * E-mail: (AA); (AA)
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Abstract
Covering: up to 2018 Symbiotic microbes interact with animals, often by producing natural products (specialized metabolites; secondary metabolites) that exert a biological role. A major goal is to determine which microbes produce biologically important compounds, a deceptively challenging task that often rests on correlative results, rather than hypothesis testing. Here, we examine the challenges and successes from the perspective of marine animal-bacterial mutualisms. These animals have historically provided a useful model because of their technical accessibility. By comparing biological systems, we suggest a common framework for establishing chemical interactions between animals and microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Morita
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA 84112.
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Chiang E, Schmidt ML, Berry MA, Biddanda BA, Burtner A, Johengen TH, Palladino D, Denef VJ. Verrucomicrobia are prevalent in north-temperate freshwater lakes and display class-level preferences between lake habitats. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195112. [PMID: 29590198 PMCID: PMC5874073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial phylum Verrucomicrobia was formally described two decades ago and originally believed to be a minor member of many ecosystems; however, it is now recognized as ubiquitous and abundant in both soil and aquatic systems. Nevertheless, knowledge of the drivers of its relative abundance and within-phylum habitat preferences remains sparse, especially in lake systems. Here, we documented the distribution of Verrucomicrobia in 12 inland lakes in Southeastern Michigan, a Laurentian Great Lake (Lake Michigan), and a freshwater estuary, which span a gradient in lake sizes, depths, residence times, and trophic states. A wide range of physical and geochemical parameters was covered by sampling seasonally from the surface and bottom of each lake, and by separating samples into particle-associated and free-living fractions. On average, Verrucomicrobia was the 4th most abundant phylum (range 1.7–41.7%). Fraction, season, station, and depth explained up to 70% of the variance in Verrucomicrobia community composition and preference for these habitats was phylogenetically conserved at the class-level. When relative abundance was linearly modeled against environmental data, Verrucomicrobia and non-Verrucomicrobia bacterial community composition correlated to similar quantitative environmental parameters, although there were lake system-dependent differences and > 55% of the variance remained unexplained. A majority of the phylum exhibited preference for the particle-associated fraction and two classes (Opitutae and Verrucomicrobiae) were identified to be more abundant during the spring season. This study highlights the high relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia in north temperate lake systems and expands insights into drivers of within-phylum habitat preferences of the Verrucomicrobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Chiang
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Marian L. Schmidt
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Michelle A. Berry
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Bopaiah A. Biddanda
- Annis Water Resources Institute, Grand Valley State University, Muskegon, MI, United States of America
| | - Ashley Burtner
- Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Thomas H. Johengen
- Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Danna Palladino
- Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Vincent J. Denef
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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40
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Pita L, Rix L, Slaby BM, Franke A, Hentschel U. The sponge holobiont in a changing ocean: from microbes to ecosystems. Microbiome 2018; 6:46. [PMID: 29523192 PMCID: PMC5845141 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0428-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The recognition that all macroorganisms live in symbiotic association with microbial communities has opened up a new field in biology. Animals, plants, and algae are now considered holobionts, complex ecosystems consisting of the host, the microbiota, and the interactions among them. Accordingly, ecological concepts can be applied to understand the host-derived and microbial processes that govern the dynamics of the interactive networks within the holobiont. In marine systems, holobionts are further integrated into larger and more complex communities and ecosystems, a concept referred to as "nested ecosystems." In this review, we discuss the concept of holobionts as dynamic ecosystems that interact at multiple scales and respond to environmental change. We focus on the symbiosis of sponges with their microbial communities-a symbiosis that has resulted in one of the most diverse and complex holobionts in the marine environment. In recent years, the field of sponge microbiology has remarkably advanced in terms of curated databases, standardized protocols, and information on the functions of the microbiota. Like a Russian doll, these microbial processes are translated into sponge holobiont functions that impact the surrounding ecosystem. For example, the sponge-associated microbial metabolisms, fueled by the high filtering capacity of the sponge host, substantially affect the biogeochemical cycling of key nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous. Since sponge holobionts are increasingly threatened by anthropogenic stressors that jeopardize the stability of the holobiont ecosystem, we discuss the link between environmental perturbations, dysbiosis, and sponge diseases. Experimental studies suggest that the microbial community composition is tightly linked to holobiont health, but whether dysbiosis is a cause or a consequence of holobiont collapse remains unresolved. Moreover, the potential role of the microbiome in mediating the capacity for holobionts to acclimate and adapt to environmental change is unknown. Future studies should aim to identify the mechanisms underlying holobiont dynamics at multiple scales, from the microbiome to the ecosystem, and develop management strategies to preserve the key functions provided by the sponge holobiont in our present and future oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Pita
- RD3 Marine Microbiology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
| | - L. Rix
- RD3 Marine Microbiology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
| | - B. M. Slaby
- RD3 Marine Microbiology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
| | - A. Franke
- RD3 Marine Microbiology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
| | - U. Hentschel
- RD3 Marine Microbiology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
- Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel (CAU), Kiel, Germany
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Leigh BA, Djurhuus A, Breitbart M, Dishaw LJ. The gut virome of the protochordate model organism, Ciona intestinalis subtype A. Virus Res 2017; 244:137-146. [PMID: 29155033 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The identification of host-specific bacterial and viral communities associated with diverse animals has led to the concept of the metaorganism, which defines the animal and all of its associated microbes as a single unit. Here we sequence the viruses found in the gut (i.e., the gut virome) of the marine invertebrate model system, Ciona intestinalis subtype A, in samples collected one year apart. We present evidence for a host-associated virome that is distinct from the surrounding seawater and contains some temporally-stable members. Comparison of gut tissues before and after starvation in virus-free water enabled the differentiation between the Ciona-specific virome and transient viral communities associated with dietary sources. The Ciona gut viromes were dominated by double-stranded DNA tailed phages (Order Caudovirales) and sequence assembly yielded a number of complete circular phage genomes, most of which were highly divergent from known genomes. Unique viral communities were found in distinct gut niches (stomach, midgut and hindgut), paralleling the compartmentalization of bacterial communities. Additionally, integrase and excisionase genes, including many that are similar to prophage sequences within the genomes of bacterial genera belonging to the Ciona core microbiome, were prevalent in the viromes, indicating the active induction of prophages within the gut ecosystem. Knowledge of the gut virome of this model organism lays the foundation for studying the interactions between viruses, bacteria, and host immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany A Leigh
- University of South Florida, College of Marine Science, St. Petersburg, FL, USA; University of South Florida, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Anni Djurhuus
- University of South Florida, College of Marine Science, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Mya Breitbart
- University of South Florida, College of Marine Science, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Larry J Dishaw
- University of South Florida, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute, St. Petersburg, FL, USA.
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42
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Schlüter-Vorberg L, Knopp G, Cornel P, Ternes T, Coors A. Survival, reproduction, growth, and parasite resistance of aquatic organisms exposed on-site to wastewater treated by advanced treatment processes. Aquat Toxicol 2017; 186:171-179. [PMID: 28284153 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Advanced wastewater treatment technologies are generally known to be an effective tool for reducing micropollutant discharge into the aquatic environment. Nevertheless, some processes such as ozonation result in stable transformation products with often unknown toxicity. In the present study, whole effluents originating from nine different steps of advanced treatment combinations were compared for their aquatic toxicity. Assessed endpoints were survival, growth and reproduction of Lumbriculus variegatus, Daphnia magna and Lemna minor chronically exposed in on-site flow-through tests based on standard guidelines. The treatment combinations were activated sludge treatment followed by ozonation with subsequent filtration by granular activated carbon or biofilters and membrane bioreactor treatment of raw wastewater followed by ozonation. Additionally, the impact of treated wastewater on the immune response of invertebrates was investigated by challenging D. magna with a bacterial endoparasite. Conventionally treated wastewater reduced reproduction of L. variegatus by up to 46%, but did not affect D. magna and L. minor with regard to survival, growth, reproduction and parasite resistance. Instead, parasite susceptibility was significantly reduced in D. magna exposed to conventionally treated as well as ozonated wastewater in comparison to D. magna exposed to the medium control. None of the three test organisms provided clear evidence that wastewater ozonation leads to increased aquatic toxicity. Rather than to the presence of toxic transformation products, the affected performance of L. variegatus could be linked to elevated concentrations of ammonium and nitrite that likely resulted from treatment failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Schlüter-Vorberg
- ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, 65439, Flörsheim, Germany; Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Gregor Knopp
- Institute IWAR, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Peter Cornel
- Institute IWAR, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Thomas Ternes
- Department of Aquatic Chemistry, Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), 56068, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Anja Coors
- ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, 65439, Flörsheim, Germany
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43
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Muturi EJ, Donthu RK, Fields CJ, Moise IK, Kim CH. Effect of pesticides on microbial communities in container aquatic habitats. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44565. [PMID: 28300212 PMCID: PMC5353589 DOI: 10.1038/srep44565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Container aquatic habitats support a specialized community of macroinvertebrates (e.g. mosquitoes) that feed on microbial communities associated with decaying organic matter. These aquatic habitats are often embedded within and around agricultural lands and are frequently exposed to pesticides. We used a microcosm approach to examine the single and combined effects of two herbicides (atrazine, glyphosate), and three insecticides (malathion, carbaryl, permethrin) on microbial communities of container aquatic habitats. MiSeq sequencing of the V4 region of both bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene was used to characterize the microbial communities of indoor microcosms that were either exposed to each pesticide alone, a mix of herbicides, a mix of insecticides, or a mix of all five insecticides. Individual insecticides but not herbicides reduced the microbial diversity and richness and two insecticides, carbaryl and permethrin, also altered the microbial community structure. A mixture of herbicides had no effect on microbial diversity or structure but a mixture of insecticides or all five pesticides reduced microbial diversity and altered the community structure. These findings suggest that exposure of aquatic ecosystems to individual pesticides or their mixtures can disrupt aquatic microbial communities and there is need to decipher how these changes affect resident macroinvertebrate communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephantus J. Muturi
- Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, USDA, ARS, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL. 61604, USA
| | - Ravi Kiran Donthu
- High Performance Biological Computing (HPCBio), Roy J Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Dr. Urbana, IL. 61801, USA
| | - Christopher J. Fields
- High Performance Biological Computing (HPCBio), Roy J Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Dr. Urbana, IL. 61801, USA
| | - Imelda K. Moise
- Department of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Miami, 1300 Campo Sano Ave., Coral Gables, FL. 33146, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, USA
| | - Chang-Hyun Kim
- Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign IL 61820, USA
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Webster NS. Conceptual and methodological advances for holobiont research. Environ Microbiol Rep 2017; 9:30-32. [PMID: 27907979 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole S Webster
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, University of QLD, QLD, Australia
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45
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Du FY, Li X, Li XM, Zhu LW, Wang BG. Indolediketopiperazine Alkaloids from Eurotium cristatum EN-220, an Endophytic Fungus Isolated from the Marine Alga Sargassum thunbergii. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E24. [PMID: 28125012 PMCID: PMC5334605 DOI: 10.3390/md15020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new indolediketopiperazine derivatives (1-4), along with nine known congeners (5-13), were isolated and identified from the culture extract of Eurotium cristatum EN-220, an endophytic fungus obtained from the marine alga Sargassum thunbergii. The structures of thesecompounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and the absolute configurations of compounds 1-4 were established by NOESY experiments and by chiral HPLC analyses of their acid hydrolysates. The absolute configuration of C-8 (a quaternary carbon substituted with a hydroxyl group) in 5 of preechinulin class was firstly determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. All these compounds were evaluatedfor brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality and nematicidal activity as well as antioxidativeand antimicrobial potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yu Du
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao 266071, China.
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Changcheng Road 700, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Xin Li
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Li-Wei Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Changcheng Road 700, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Bin-Gui Wang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao 266071, China.
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46
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Scholz B, Küpper FC, Vyverman W, Ólafsson HG, Karsten U. Chytridiomycosis of Marine Diatoms-The Role of Stress Physiology and Resistance in Parasite-Host Recognition and Accumulation of Defense Molecules. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E26. [PMID: 28125065 PMCID: PMC5334607 DOI: 10.3390/md15020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the role of chemotaxis in the location and attachment of chytrid zoospores to potential diatom hosts. Hypothesizing that environmental stress parameters affect parasite-host recognition, four chytrid-diatom tandem cultures (Chytridium sp./Navicula sp., Rhizophydium type I/Nitzschia sp., Rhizophydium type IIa/Rhizosolenia sp., Rhizophydium type IIb/Chaetoceros sp.) were used to test the chemotaxis of chytrid zoospores and the presence of potential defense molecules in a non-contact-co-culturing approach. As potential triggers in the chemotaxis experiments, standards of eight carbohydrates, six amino acids, five fatty acids, and three compounds known as compatible solutes were used in individual and mixed solutions, respectively. In all tested cases, the whole-cell extracts of the light-stressed (continuous light exposure combined with 6 h UV radiation) hosts attracted the highest numbers of zoospores (86%), followed by the combined carbohydrate standard solution (76%), while all other compounds acted as weak triggers only. The results of the phytochemical screening, using biomass and supernatant extracts of susceptible and resistant host-diatom cultures, indicated in most of the tested extracts the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids, phenols, and aldehydes, whereas the bioactivity screenings showed that the zoospores of the chytrid parasites were only significantly affected by the ethanolic supernatant extract of the resistant hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Scholz
- BioPol ehf., Einbúastig 2, 545 Skagaströnd, Iceland.
- Faculty of Natural Resource Sciences, University of Akureyri, Borgir v. Nordurslod, IS 600 Akureyri, Iceland.
| | - Frithjof C Küpper
- Oceanlab, University of Aberdeen, Main Street, Newburgh AB41 6AA, Scotland, UK.
| | - Wim Vyverman
- Department of Biology, Section of Protistology and Aquatic Ecology, University of Ghent, Krijgslaan 281 S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | | | - Ulf Karsten
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Applied Ecology & Phycology, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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47
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Chakraborty K, Thilakan B, Chakraborty RD, Raola VK, Joy M. O-heterocyclic derivatives with antibacterial properties from marine bacterium Bacillus subtilis associated with seaweed, Sargassum myriocystum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:569-583. [PMID: 27624095 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7810-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The brown seaweed, Sargassum myriocystum associated with heterotrophic bacterium, Bacillus subtilis MTCC 10407 (JF834075) exhibited broad-spectra of potent antibacterial activities against pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio vulnificus, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. B. subtilis MTCC 10407 was found to be positive for polyketide synthetase (pks) gene, and therefore, was considered to characterize secondary metabolites bearing polyketide backbone. Using bioassay-guided fractionation, two new antibacterial O-heterocyclic compounds belonging to pyranyl benzoate analogs of polyketide origin, with activity against pathogenic bacteria, have been isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of B. subtilis MTCC 10407. In the present study, the secondary metabolites of B. subtilis MTCC 10407 with potent antibacterial action against bacterial pathogens was recognized to represent the platform of pks-1 gene-encoded products. Two homologous compounds 3 (3-(methoxycarbonyl)-4-(5-(2-ethylbutyl)-5,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2H-pyran-2-yl)-butyl benzoate) and 4 [2-(8-butyl-3-ethyl-3,4,4a,5,6,8a-hexahydro-2H-chromen-6-yl)-ethyl benzoate] also have been isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of host seaweed S. myriocystum. The two compounds isolated from ethyl acetate extract of S. myriocystum with lesser antibacterial properties shared similar structures with the compounds purified from B. subtilis that suggested the ecological and metabolic relationship between these compounds in seaweed-bacterial relationship. Tetrahydropyran-2-one moiety of the tetrahydropyrano-[3,2b]-pyran-2(3H)-one system of 1 might be cleaved by the metabolic pool of seaweeds to afford methyl 3-(dihydro-3-methyl-2H-pyranyl)-propanoate moiety of 3, which was found to have no significant antibacterial activity. It is therefore imperative that the presence of dihydro-methyl-2H-pyran-2-yl propanoate system is essentially required to impart the greater activity. The direct involvement of polarisability (Pl) with the target bioactivity in 2 implied that inductive (field/polar) rather than the steric effect (parachor) appears to be the key factor influencing the induction of antibacterial activity. The present work may have a footprint on the use of novel O-heterocyclic polyketide products from seaweed-associated bacterium for biotechnological, food, and pharmaceutical applications mainly as novel antimicrobial secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Chakraborty
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, India.
| | - Bini Thilakan
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, India
| | - Rekha Devi Chakraborty
- Crustacean Fisheries Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, India
| | - Vamshi Krishna Raola
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, India
| | - Minju Joy
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin, India
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48
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Kesy K, Oberbeckmann S, Müller F, Labrenz M. Polystyrene influences bacterial assemblages in Arenicola marina-populated aquatic environments in vitro. Environ Pollut 2016; 219:219-227. [PMID: 27814538 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Plastic is ubiquitous in global oceans and constitutes a newly available habitat for surface-associated bacterial assemblages. Microplastics (plastic particles <5 mm) are especially susceptible to ingestion by marine organisms, as the size of these particles makes them available also to lower trophic levels. Because many marine invertebrates harbour potential pathogens in their guts, we investigated whether bacterial assemblages on polystyrene are selectively modified during their passage through the gut of the lugworm Arenicola marina and are subsequently able to develop pathogenic biofilms. We also examined whether polystyrene acts as a vector for gut biofilm assemblages after subsequent incubation of the egested particles in seawater. Our results showed that after passage through the digestive tract of A. marina, the bacterial assemblages on polystyrene particles and reference glass beads became more similar, harbouring common sediment bacteria. By contrast, only in the presence of polystyrene the potential symbiont Amphritea atlantica was enriched in the investigated biofilms, faeces, and water. Thus, especially in areas of high polystyrene contamination, this polymer may impact the bacterial composition of different habitats, with as yet unknown consequences for the respective ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Kesy
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), Seestrasse 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Sonja Oberbeckmann
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), Seestrasse 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Felix Müller
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), Seestrasse 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Labrenz
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), Seestrasse 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany.
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49
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Lang-Halter E, Schober S, Scherer S. Permanent colonization of creek sediments, creek water and limnic water plants by four Listeria species in low population densities. Z NATURFORSCH C 2016; 71:335-345. [PMID: 27583467 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2016-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
During a 1-year longitudinal study, water, sediment and water plants from two creeks and one pond were sampled monthly and analyzed for the presence of Listeria species. A total of 90 % of 30 sediment samples, 84 % of 31 water plant samples and 67 % of 36 water samples were tested positive. Generally, most probable number counts ranged between 1 and 40 g-1, only occasionally >110 cfu g-1 were detected. Species differentiation based on FT-IR spectroscopy and multiplex PCR of a total of 1220 isolates revealed L. innocua (46 %), L. seeligeri (27 %), L. monocytogenes (25 %) and L. ivanovii (2 %). Titers and species compositions were similar during all seasons. While the species distributions in sediments and associated Ranunculus fluitans plants appeared to be similar in both creeks, RAPD typing did not provide conclusive evidence that the populations of these environments were connected. It is concluded that (i) the fresh-water sediments and water plants are year-round populated by Listeria, (ii) no clear preference for growth in habitats as different as sediments and water plants was found and (iii) the RAPD-based intraspecific biodiversity is high compared to the low population density.
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50
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Sekurova ON, Pérez-Victoria I, Martín J, Degnes KF, Sletta H, Reyes F, Zotchev SB. New Deferoxamine Glycoconjugates Produced upon Overexpression of Pathway-Specific Regulatory Gene in the Marine Sponge-Derived Streptomyces albus PVA94-07. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21091131. [PMID: 27618884 PMCID: PMC6273380 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of silent biosynthetic gene clusters in Streptomyces bacteria via overexpression of cluster-specific regulatory genes is a promising strategy for the discovery of novel bioactive secondary metabolites. This approach was used in an attempt to activate a cryptic gene cluster in a marine sponge-derived Streptomyces albus PVA94-07 presumably governing the biosynthesis of peptide-based secondary metabolites. While no new peptide-based metabolites were detected in the recombinant strain, it was shown to produce at least four new analogues of deferoxamine with additional acyl and sugar moieties, for which chemical structures were fully elucidated. Biological activity tests of two of the new deferoxamine analogues revealed weak activity against Escherichia coli. The gene knockout experiment in the gene cluster targeted for activation, as well as overexpression of certain genes from this cluster did not have an effect on the production of these compounds by the strain overexpressing the regulator. It seems plausible that the production of such compounds is a response to stress imposed by the production of an as-yet unidentified metabolite specified by the cryptic cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga N Sekurova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ignacio Pérez-Victoria
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Jesús Martín
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Kristin F Degnes
- Department of Biotechnology, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Håvard Sletta
- Department of Biotechnology, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Fernando Reyes
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Sergey B Zotchev
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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