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Heydeck D, Kakularam KR, Labuz D, Machelska H, Rohwer N, Weylandt K, Kuhn H. Transgenic mice overexpressing human ALOX15 under the control of the aP2 promoter are partly protected in the complete Freund's adjuvant-induced paw inflammation model. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:1649-1664. [PMID: 37498393 PMCID: PMC10499711 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND, OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN Arachidonic acid 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases but since pro- and anti-inflammatory roles have been suggested, the precise function of this enzyme is still a matter of discussion. To contribute to this discussion, we created transgenic mice, which express human ALOX15 under the control of the activating protein 2 promoter (aP2-ALOX15 mice) and compared the sensitivity of these gain-of-function animals in two independent mouse inflammation models with Alox15-deficient mice (loss-of-function animals) and wildtype control animals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transgenic aP2-ALOX15 mice were tested in comparison with Alox15 knockout mice (Alox15-/-) and corresponding wildtype control animals (C57BL/6J) in the complete Freund's adjuvant induced hind-paw edema model and in the dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis (DSS-colitis) model. In the paw edema model, the degree of paw swelling and the sensitivity of the inflamed hind-paw for mechanic (von Frey test) and thermal (Hargreaves test) stimulation were quantified as clinical readout parameters. In the dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis model the loss of body weight, the colon lengths and the disease activity index were determined. RESULTS In the hind-paw edema model, systemic inactivation of the endogenous Alox15 gene intensified the inflammatory symptoms, whereas overexpression of human ALOX15 reduced the degree of hind-paw inflammation. These data suggest anti-inflammatory roles for endogenous and transgenic ALOX15 in this particular inflammation model. As mechanistic reason for the protective effect downregulation of the pro-inflammatory ALOX5 pathways was suggested. However, in the dextran sodium sulfate colitis model, in which systemic inactivation of the Alox15 gene protected female mice from DSS-induced colitis, transgenic overexpression of human ALOX15 did hardly impact the intensity of the inflammatory symptoms. CONCLUSION The biological role of ALOX15 in the pathogenesis of inflammation is variable and depends on the kind of the animal inflammation model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Heydeck
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kumar R. Kakularam
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominika Labuz
- Department of Experimental Anesthesiology, Charité ˗ Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Halina Machelska
- Department of Experimental Anesthesiology, Charité ˗ Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Rohwer
- Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical Department B, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Fehrbelliner Straße 38, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Karsten Weylandt
- Division of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Oncology, Hematology, Palliative Care, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical Department B, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg, Fehrbelliner Straße 38, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Brandenburg Medical School and University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kuhn
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Schäfer M, Reisch F, Labuz D, Machelska H, Stehling S, Püschel GP, Rothe M, Heydeck D, Kuhn H. Humanization of the Reaction Specificity of Mouse Alox15b Inversely Modified the Susceptibility of Corresponding Knock-In Mice in Two Different Animal Inflammation Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11034. [PMID: 37446212 PMCID: PMC10341735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian arachidonic acid lipoxygenases (ALOXs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, and its pro- and anti-inflammatory effects have been reported for different ALOX-isoforms. Human ALOX15B oxygenates arachidonic acid to its 15-hydroperoxy derivative, whereas the corresponding 8-hydroperoxide is formed by mouse Alox15b (Alox8). This functional difference impacts the biosynthetic capacity of the two enzymes for creating pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids. To explore the functional consequences of the humanization of the reaction specificity of mouse Alox15b in vivo, we tested Alox15b knock-in mice that express the arachidonic acid 15-lipoxygenating Tyr603Asp and His604Val double mutant of Alox15b, instead of the arachidonic acid 8-lipoxygenating wildtype enzyme, in two different animal inflammation models. In the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model, female Alox15b-KI mice lost significantly more bodyweight during the acute phase of inflammation and recovered less rapidly during the resolution phase. Although we observed significant differences in the colonic levels of selected pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids during the time-course of inflammation, there were no differences between the two genotypes at any time-point of the disease. In Freund's complete adjuvant-induced paw edema model, Alox15b-KI mice were less susceptible than outbred wildtype controls, though we did not observe significant differences in pain perception (Hargreaves-test, von Frey-test) when the two genotypes were compared. our data indicate that humanization of the reaction specificity of mouse Alox15b (Alox8) sensitizes mice for dextran sodium sulfate-induced experimental colitis, but partly protects the animals in the complete Freund's adjuvant-induced paw edema model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjann Schäfer
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.S.); (F.R.); (S.S.); (D.H.)
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, University Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–116, D-14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
| | - Florian Reisch
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.S.); (F.R.); (S.S.); (D.H.)
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, University Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–116, D-14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
| | - Dominika Labuz
- Department of Experimental Anesthesiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, D-12203 Berlin, Germany; (D.L.); (H.M.)
| | - Halina Machelska
- Department of Experimental Anesthesiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, D-12203 Berlin, Germany; (D.L.); (H.M.)
| | - Sabine Stehling
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.S.); (F.R.); (S.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Gerhard P. Püschel
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, University Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114–116, D-14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
| | - Michael Rothe
- Lipidomix GmbH, Robert-Roessle-Straße 10, D-13125 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Dagmar Heydeck
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.S.); (F.R.); (S.S.); (D.H.)
| | - Hartmut Kuhn
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.S.); (F.R.); (S.S.); (D.H.)
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Guo B, Zhao C, Zhang C, Xiao Y, Yan G, Liu L, Pan H. Elucidation of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Er Miao San by integrative approach of network pharmacology and experimental verification. Pharmacol Res 2022; 175:106000. [PMID: 34838694 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been long time used in China and gains ever-increasing worldwide acceptance. Er Miao San (EMS), a TCM formula, has been extensively used to treat inflammatory diseases, while its bioactive components and therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we conducted an integrative approach of network pharmacology and experimental study to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of EMS in treating human rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory conditions. Quercetin, wogonin and rutaecarpine were probably the main active compounds of EMS in RA treatment as they affected the most RA-related targets, and TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β were considered to be the core target proteins. The main compounds in EMS bound to these core proteins, which was further confirmed by molecular docking and bio-layer interferometry (BLI) analysis. Moreover, the potential molecular mechanisms of EMS predicted from network pharmacology analysis, were validated in vivo and in vitro experiments. EMS was found to inhibit the production of NO, TNF-α and IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells; reduce xylene-induced mouse ear edema; and decrease the incidence of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. The carrageenan-induced up-regulation of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA expression in rat paws was down-regulated by EMS, consistent with the network pharmacology results. This study provides evidence that EMS plays a critical role in anti-inflammation via suppressing inflammatory cytokines, indicating that EMS is a candidate herbal drug for further investigation in treating inflammatory and arthritic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China; Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China; Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - CaiPing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Chuanhai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China; Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China; Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Guangli Yan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150006, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou 510000, China.
| | - Hudan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China; Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou 510000, China.
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Rukshala D, de Silva ED, Ranaweera BVLR, Fernando N, Handunnetti SM. Anti-inflammatory effect of leaves of Vernonia zeylanica in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and carrageenan-induced rat paw-edema model. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 274:114030. [PMID: 33741441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Vernonia zeylanica (L.) Less (Family: Compositae) is a medicinal plant used as external applications for boils, bone fractures, eczema and internally for asthma in traditional medicine in Sri Lanka. Anti-nociceptive, anti-bacterial and anti-proliferative activities have been reported previously. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of methanol/dichloromethane extract (MDE) of leaves of V. zeylanica by assessing in vivo inhibition of rat paw-edema, in vitro inhibition of the production of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide and inhibitory effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo anti-inflammatory activity of MDE was tested at the dose of 1500 mg/kg using rat paw-edema model. Indomethacin and Gum acacia was used as the positive and vehicle control respectively. In vitro NO inhibitory activity of 7.8-250 μg/ml MDE was tested using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated (1 μg/ml) mouse macrophages (RAW264.7 cells) and rat peritoneal cells (RPC) obtained following carrageenan-induction (5 mg/Kg). Griess method was used to quantify the nitrite levels in culture supernatants. In vitro inhibition of superoxide production of Phorbal 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated RAW cells was determined by quantitative Nitroblue Tetrazolium (NBT) assay. N-monomethyl-L-arginine acetate (NMMA) (1 mM) and Diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) (10 μM) were used as the positive controls for inhibitory activity of NO and superoxide production respectively. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was carried out to test the inhibitory effect on mRNA expression of iNOS gene. RESULTS Treatment with MDE of V. zeylanica at 1500 mg/kg showed significant inhibition of paw-edema from 1st-5th hour (P < 0.01) compared with the control. The reference drug, indomethacin showed a biphasic pattern and its highest inhibition was (98.3 ± 7.1%) at 4th h (P < 0.01). MDE of V. zeylanica showed similar inhibition of paw-edema with highest inhibition recorded as 94.5 ± 5.28%, at 5th h (P < 0.01). The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of MDE for in vitro NO inhibitory activity was 105 μg/ml for RAW cells and 80 μg/ml for RPCs. Both NO inhibitory activities showed significant dose-dependency (r = 0.998 and r = 0.915 respectively; p < 0.05). MDE concentration of 250 μg/ml showed 55% inhibition of ROS production in RAW cells. NMMA showed 78% and 70.1% inhibition of NO production with RAW cells and RPCs whereas DPI showed 61% superoxide inhibitory activity with RAW cells. NO inhibitory activity of MDE on RAW cells was confirmed by the significant reduction (99.1%) in iNOS gene expression. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory activity of MDE of V. zeylanica reflected by its significant in vivo inhibition of rat paw-edema, in vitro inhibition of NO and superoxide production, and the reduction of iNOS gene expression. Thus, further purification and isolation of bioactive compounds from V. zeylanica are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilani Rukshala
- Institute of Biochemistry Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | - E Dilip de Silva
- Institute of Biochemistry Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | - B V Loshini R Ranaweera
- Institute of Biochemistry Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | - Narmada Fernando
- Institute of Biochemistry Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | - Shiroma M Handunnetti
- Institute of Biochemistry Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
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Xia X, Lin Z, Shao K, Wang X, Xu J, Zhai H, Wang H, Xu W, Zhao Y. Combination of white tea and peppermint demonstrated synergistic antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. J Sci Food Agric 2021; 101:2500-2510. [PMID: 33058206 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White tea, considered to be the oldest form of tea, is becoming a popular beverage for its organoleptic characteristics. Peppermint tea, used as a herbal remedy for centuries, is now also very popular throughout the world as herbal tea. What interested us was that in ancient China, peppermint was used in combination with tea as a detoxification or anti-inflammatory agent. However, there are few reports on the combined use of white tea and peppermint. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of white tea in combination with peppermint. RESULTS A synergistic inhibitory effect against four bacterial strains, especially against Staphylococcus argenteus, was observed in the combination of white tea and peppermint in vitro. In addition, the combined formula demonstrated a stronger anti-inflammatory effect in vivo than either of the two used alone, which was associated with the decrease of the pro-inflammatory cytokines of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In a further mechanism study, it was found that white tea and peppermint inhibited the phosphorylation of p-IκB-α and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) at different degrees. While the enhanced anti-inflammatory effect of the combined formula was associated with the combination of NF-κB down-regulation and p-MAPK inhibition. CONCLUSION In our study, it was for the first time shown that when white tea was combined with peppermint, the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects were enhanced. The results suggested an effective application of white tea in combination with peppermint as a potential antibacterial and anti-inflammatory functional food. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Xia
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, China
| | | | | | - Xude Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hang Zhai
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Petit G, Grosbois V, Chalvet-Monfray K, Ducos A, Desmecht D, Martineau GP, Decors A. Polymorphism of the alpha-1-fucosyltransferase (FUT1) gene in several wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations in France and link to edema disease. Res Vet Sci 2020; 131:78-86. [PMID: 32311589 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2013, an outbreak of edema disease in a population of wild boars (Sus scrofa) took place. This was the first described case as reported worldwide. An enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (presenting the Stx2e and F18 virulence factors) is the main pathogen for this disease in wild boar. The alpha-1-fucosyltransferase gene (FUT1) has been identified as the gene regulating the expression of the receptor for E. coli stx2e F18 bacteria in domestic pigs affected by the disease. The genotypic frequencies of the FUT1 gene in European wild boars have not yet been investigated. The genotypes of wild boars for this gene were determined in four French departments with or without edema diseases cases. RESULTS All of the wild boars analyzed had a genotype susceptible to the disease (GG or AG). The recessive, resistant A allele was found for the first time in wild boars, but in a very small proportion of individuals (7/222). No statistical differences were found between healthy hunted wild boars versus wild boars found dead by edema disease or among the four French departments. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that further mortality due to edema disease remains possible in wild boars in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Petit
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR EPIA, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France; Université de Lyon, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR EPIA, F-69280 Marcy l'Etoile, France; CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France.
| | - Vladimir Grosbois
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France; INRA, UMR1309 ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France.
| | - Karine Chalvet-Monfray
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR EPIA, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France; Université de Lyon, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR EPIA, F-69280 Marcy l'Etoile, France.
| | - Alain Ducos
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France.
| | - Daniel Desmecht
- FARAH Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Liège, Sart Tilman B43, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | | | - Anouk Decors
- Office national de la chasse et de la faune sauvage, Auffargis, France.
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Hassan S, Sajjad N, Khan SU, Gupta S, Bhat MA, Ali R, Ahmad Z, Ganie SA, Hamid R. Dipsacus inermis Wall. modulates inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB pathway: An in vitro and in vivo study. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 254:112710. [PMID: 32097699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dipsacus inermis Wall. is an edible Himalayan herb which is extensively used in traditional Ayurvedic system of medicine against various inflammation related disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of Dipsacus inermis Wall. methanol extract (DIME) by using in vitro and in vivo models and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vitro anti-inflammatory potential of DIME was determined in LPS stimulated J774A.1 cells. The inhibitory effect of DIME on COX-2, PGE2 and inflammatory cytokines was determined by ELISA and RT-PCR. The suppression of ROS in response to DIME was determined by flow cytometry. Phosphorylation of NF-κBp65 and IκB degradation was determined by western blotting. RESULTS Significant inhibition of NO, COX-2, PGE2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 was found in response to DIME in LPS stimulated J774A.1 cells. The extract was found to down regulate the LPS induced expression of TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS and COX-2 along with inhibition of intracellular ROS. The in vivo studies carried on Wistar rats showed significant preventive effect of DIME against acetic acid induced increase in vascular permeability and carrageenan induced paw edema along with stabilization of histopathological alterations. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that DIME has significant in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effect which is mediated by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB pathway. Our data opened a promising new pharmacological approach of designing anti-inflammatory drugs by studying individual fractions of the plant extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaya Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, J&K, 190006, India
| | - Nasreena Sajjad
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, J&K, 190006, India
| | | | - Shilpa Gupta
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, J&K, 180001, India
| | | | - Rohaya Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, J&K, 190006, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmad
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, J&K, 180001, India
| | | | - Rabia Hamid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, J&K, 190006, India.
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Lee SA, Park BR, Moon SM, Han SH, Kim CS. Anti-inflammatory potential of Trifolium pratense L. leaf extract in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and in a rat model of carrageenan-induced inflammation. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 126:74-81. [PMID: 30320514 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1493607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of a 40% prethanol extract of Trifolium pratense leaves (40% PeTP) using in vitro (RAW264.7 cells) and in vivo (carrageenan-induced inflammation model) experiments. Pretreatment with 40% PeTP significantly inhibited the LPS-induced expression of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells, without inducing cytotoxicity. The inhibitory effects of 40% PeTP are mediated through suppression of the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Oral administration of 40% PeTP at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of body weight suppressed carrageenan-induced oedema in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, our results suggested that 40% PeTP exerts potential anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the activation of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways in vitro, and by reducing carrageenan-induced paw oedema in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Ah Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Ram Park
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Chodang University, Muan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Moon
- CStech Research Institute, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Hee Han
- CStech Research Institute, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Sung Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Li RJ, Kuang XP, Wang WJ, Wan CP, Li WX. Comparison of chemical constitution and bioactivity among different parts of Lonicera japonica Thunb. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:614-622. [PMID: 31597198 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lonicera japonica Thunb is a common herb in East Asia. The flower buds are usually regarded as the traditional medicinal part, while leaves and stems are considered less valuable and receive little attention. This study compared the chemical constituents and anti-inflammatory effects of the different tissues in L. japonica Thunb for the first time. RESULTS Thirty compounds were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode detector-quadrupole / time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-PDA-Q/TOF-MS/MS) analysis. Hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids, and iridoids were identified as the major components. The flower buds (FLJ), leaves (LLJ), and stems (SLJ) of L. japonica Thunb showed strong similarities in chemical components. The LLJ contained higher levels of hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids than the FLJ and SLJ. Furthermore, FLJ, LLJ, and SLJ exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity in croton oil-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema assays in mice. Moreover, FLJ, LLJ, and SLJ showed a cytoprotective effect on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Lipopolysaccharide-induced increases in nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were suppressed by treatments of FLJ, LLJ, and SLJ, respectively. The LLJ possessed a stronger anti-inflammatory effect than the FLJ. CONCLUSION Leaves and stems of L. japonica Thunb have chemical components and anti-inflammatory properties similar to flower buds, and may become alternative or supplementary sources of flower buds. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Jiao Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, PR China
| | - Xiu-Ping Kuang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, PR China
| | - Chun-Ping Wan
- Central Laboratory, The No. 1 Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, PR China
| | - Wei-Xi Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, PR China
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Marinho Y, Marques-da-Silva C, Santana PT, Chaves MM, Tamura AS, Rangel TP, Gomes-E-Silva IV, Guimarães MZP, Coutinho-Silva R. MSU Crystals induce sterile IL-1β secretion via P2X7 receptor activation and HMGB1 release. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1864:129461. [PMID: 31676289 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.129461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD The mechanism by which monosodium urate (MSU) crystals induce inflammation is not completely understood. Few studies have shown that MSU is capable of stimulating the release of IL-1β in the absence of LPS treatment. The purinergic P2X7 receptor is involved in the release of IL-1β in inflammatory settings caused by crystals, as is the case in silicosis. METHODS We investigated the role of P2X7 receptor in sterile MSU-induced inflammation by evaluating peritonitis and paw edema. In in vitro models, we performed the experiments using peritoneal macrophages and THP-1 cells. We measured inflammatory parameters using ELISA and immunoblotting. We measured cell recruitment using cell phenotypic identification and hemocytometer counts. RESULTS Our in vivo data showed that animals without P2X7 receptors generated less paw edema, less cell recruitment, and lower levels of IL-1β release in a peritonitis model. In the in vitro model, we observed that MSU induced dye uptake by the P2X7 receptor. In the absence of the receptor, or when it was blocked, MSU crystals induced less IL-1β release and this effect corresponded to the concentration of extracellular ATP. Moreover, MSU treatment induced HMGB1 release; pre-treatment with P2X7 antagonist reduced the amount of HMGB1 in cell supernatants. CONCLUSIONS IL-1β secretion induced by MSU depends on P2X7 receptor activation and involves HMGB1 release. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE We propose that cell activation caused by MSU crystals induces peritoneal macrophages and THP-1 cells to release ATP and HMGB1, causing IL-1β secretion via P2X7 receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ygor Marinho
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Camila Marques-da-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Patricia Teixeira Santana
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Mariana Martins Chaves
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Augusto Shuiti Tamura
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Thuany Prado Rangel
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Isabel Virgínia Gomes-E-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | | | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil.
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Abstract
Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck is a popular fruit cultivated around the world, and its peels are sometimes used for the treatment of cough, abdominal pain, and indigestion in China. However, the peel is discarded after fruit consumption in most cases, and its chemical constituents and biological activities have not been validated before. The present study focused on evaluation of the chemical and pharmacological profile of coumarins from peels of C. grandis against inflammation. The extracts and phytochemicals from peels of C. grandis were prepared, and anti-inflammatory activities were carried out in vivo and in vitro, including inhibiting xylene-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice and the production of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β, prostaglandin 2, and tumor-necrosis factor α) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Results indicated that methanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and four major coumarins (compounds 7, 8, 13, and 16) inhibited swelling induced by xylene and carrageenan, separately, in vivo. Furthermore, 18 coumarins inhibited inflammatory factor secretion in macrophages primed by LPS, in which compounds 4, 6, 7, 10, 17 showed the most pronounced change, which were comparable to dexamethasone. In summary, peel of C. grandis showed an anti-inflammatory effect and coumarin compounds were responsible for regulating inflammatory mediators and cytokines, which might provide a novel nutritional strategy for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming , Yunnan 650091 , People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , Yunnan 650201 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong-Wu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , Yunnan 650201 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bai-Fen Wu
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine , Kunming , Yunnan 650500 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Hua Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , Yunnan 650201 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , Yunnan 650201 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming , Yunnan 650091 , People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming , Yunnan 650201 , People's Republic of China
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Waterborg CEJ, Koenders MI, van Lent PLEM, van der Kraan PM, van de Loo FAJ. Tyro3/Axl/Mertk-deficient mice develop bone marrow edema which is an early pathological marker in rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205902. [PMID: 30335822 PMCID: PMC6193696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an auto-immune disease of the synovial joints, hallmarked by chronic inflammation and subsequent progressive tissue destruction. TYRO3, AXL and MER (gene name Mertk) (TAM) receptors are part of a negative feedback signaling system in the immune reaction and mediate efferocytosis thereby tempering the inflammatory process. We have shown that Axl-/- and Mertk-/- mice develop more severe arthritis whereas activating these receptors by overexpressing their ligands Pros1 and Gas6 ameliorates arthritis. Mice genetically ablated for the three genes of the TAM receptor family Tyro3/Axl/Mertk (TAM triple knock-out or TKO) have been described to spontaneously develop macroscopic signs of arthritis. In this study we aimed to analyze arthritis development in TAM TKO mice histologically to determine the extent and sequence of pathological changes in the joint. Ankle joints of three different age groups, adolescence (14 weeks), mature adult (34 weeks) and middle-age (52 weeks), of TAM TKO or wild-type mice were examined macroscopically, histologically and immunohistochemically. Surprisingly, until the age of 52 weeks, none of the mice examined developed spontaneous macroscopic signs of arthritis. There was no synovial inflammation nor any signs of damage to the cartilage or bone. However, bone marrow edema was observed in TAM TKO mice in the two latter age groups. The infiltrate in the bone marrow was characterized by both myeloid cells and lymphocytes. This study showed that TAM TKO mice developed a pre-stage (pre-clinical phase) of arthritis marked by bone marrow edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E. J. Waterborg
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marije I. Koenders
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter L. E. M. van Lent
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter M. van der Kraan
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Fons A. J. van de Loo
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Tzoulis C, Sztromwasser P, Johansson S, Gjerde IO, Knappskog P, Bindoff LA. PNKP Mutations Identified by Whole-Exome Sequencing in a Norwegian Patient with Sporadic Ataxia and Edema. Cerebellum 2017; 16:272-275. [PMID: 27165045 PMCID: PMC5243888 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-016-0784-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We identified PNKP mutations in a Norwegian woman with AOA. This patient had the typical findings with cognitive dysfunction, peripheral neuropathy, cerebellar dysarthria, horizontal nystagmus, oculomotor apraxia, and severe truncal and appendicular ataxia. In addition, she had hypoalbuminemia and massive lower limb edema which showed some improvement with treatment. Exome sequencing identified two heterozygous mutations, one in exon 14 (c.1196T>C, p.Leu399Pro) and one in exon 16 (c.1393_1396del, p.Glu465*). This is the first non-Portuguese patient with AOA due to PNKP mutations and provides independent verification that PNKP mutations cause AOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tzoulis
- Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Paweł Sztromwasser
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stefan Johansson
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ivar Otto Gjerde
- Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Per Knappskog
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - L A Bindoff
- Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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Wu S, Yano S, Chen J, Hisanaga A, Sakao K, He X, He J, Hou DX. Polyphenols from Lonicera caerulea L. Berry Inhibit LPS-Induced Inflammation through Dual Modulation of Inflammatory and Antioxidant Mediators. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:5133-5141. [PMID: 28573848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lonicera caerulea L. berry polyphenols (LCBP) are considered as major components for bioactivity. This study aimed to clarify the molecular mechanisms by monitoring inflammatory and antioxidant mediator actions in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse paw edema and macrophage cell model. LCBP significantly attenuated LPS-induced paw edema (3.0 ± 0.1 to 2.8 ± 0.1 mm, P < 0.05) and reduced (P < 0.05) serum levels of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1, 100.9 ± 2.3 to 58.3 ± 14.5 ng/mL), interleukin (IL)-10 (1596.1 ± 424.3 to 709.7 ± 65.7 pg/mL), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α (1761.9 ± 208.3 to 1369.1 ± 56.4 pg/mL), IL-6 (1262.8 ± 71.7 to 499.0 ± 67.1 pg/mL), IL-4 (93.3 ± 25.7 to 50.7 ± 12.5 pg/mL), IL-12(p-70) (580.4 ± 132.0 to 315.2 ± 35.1 pg/mL), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, 2045.5 ± 264.9 to 1270.7 ± 158.6 pg/mL). Cell signaling analysis revealed that LCBP inhibited transforming growth factor β activated kinase-1 (TAK1)-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways, and enhanced the expression of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in earlier response. Moreover, cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) and (-)-epicatechin (EC), two major components of LCBP, directly bound to TAK1. These data demonstrated that LCBP might inhibit LPS-induced inflammation by modulating both inflammatory and antioxidant mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusong Wu
- Core Research Program 1515, Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Satoshi Yano
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University , Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Jihua Chen
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Ayami Hisanaga
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University , Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Kozue Sakao
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University , Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University , Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Xi He
- Core Research Program 1515, Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Jianhua He
- Core Research Program 1515, Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - De-Xing Hou
- Core Research Program 1515, Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University , Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University , Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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Soares ES, Stávale LM, Mendonça MCP, Coope A, Cruz-Höfling MAD. Age-Related Modulations of AQP4 and Caveolin-1 in the Hippocampus Predispose the Toxic Effect of Phoneutria nigriventer Spider Venom. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111462. [PMID: 27886057 PMCID: PMC5133769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that Phoneutria nigriventer venom (PNV) causes blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, swelling of astrocytes end-feet and fluid permeation into brain interstitium in rats. Caveolae and water channels respond to BBB alterations by co-participation in shear stress response and edema formation/resolution. Herein, we showed post-natal developmental-related changes of two BBB-associated transporter proteins: the endothelial caveolin-1 (Cav-1), the major scaffolding protein from caveolae frame, and the astroglial aquaporin-4 (AQP4), the main water channel protein expressed in astrocytic peri-vascular end-feet processes, in the hippocampus of rats intraperitoneally-administered PNV. Western blotting protein levels; immunohistochemistry (IHC) protein distribution in CA1, CA2, and CA3 subfields; and gene expression by Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) were assessed in post-natal Day 14 (P14) and 8–10-week-old rats over critical periods of envenomation. The intensity and duration of the toxic manifestations indicate P14 neonate rats more vulnerable to PNV than adults. Histologically, the capillaries of P14 and 8–10-week-old rats treated with PNV showed perivascular edema, while controls did not. The intensity of the toxic manifestations in P14 decreases temporally (2 > 5 > 24 h), while inversely the expression of AQP4 and Cav-1 peaked at 24 h when clinically PNV-treated animals do not differ from saline controls. IHC of AQP4 revealed that hippocampal CA1 showed the least expression at 2 h when toxic manifestation was maximal. Subfield IHC quantification revealed that in P14 rats Cav-1 peaked at 24 h when toxic manifestations were absent, whereas in 8–10-week-old rats Cav-1 peaked at 2 h when toxic signs were highest, and progressively attenuated such increases until 24 h, remaining though significantly above baseline. Considering astrocyte-endothelial physical and functional interactions, we hypothesize that age-related modulations of AQP4 and Cav-1 might be linked both to changes in functional properties of astrocytes during post-natal development and in the BBB breakdown induced by the venom of P. nigriventer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edilene S Soares
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-863, Brazil.
| | - Leila M Stávale
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-863, Brazil.
| | - Monique C P Mendonça
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-863, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil.
| | - Andressa Coope
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil.
| | - Maria Alice da Cruz-Höfling
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-863, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil.
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Li KK, Zhou X, Wong HL, Ng CF, Fu WM, Leung PC, Peng G, Ko CH. In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of Zao-Jiao-Ci (the spine of Gleditsia sinensis Lam.) aqueous extract and its mechanisms of action. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 192:192-200. [PMID: 27401288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zao-Jiao-Ci (ZJC), as the spine of Chinese Honey locust (Gleditsia sinensis Lam.), is traditionally used as Chinese medicine to reduce inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to investigate an anti-inflammatory effect of ZJC aqueous extract both in vitro and in vivo, as well as its underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-inflammatory effect of ZJC aqueous extract was evaluated by using carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. In addition, the inhibitory effects of ZJC on nitric oxide production, intracellular reactive oxygen species production, pro-inflammatory mediator expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production were determined by using LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. The anti-oxidant activity of ZJC was assessed using 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid assay. RESULTS ZJC aqueous extract showed significant suppressive effect on paw edema in rats at 100mg/kg. Moreover, ZJC aqueous extract decreased the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and significantly decreased the PGE2, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 production in LPS-activated macrophages in dose-dependent manners. ZJC aqueous extract inhibited the mRNA expression of these inflammatory cytokines as well. Furthermore, ZJC aqueous extract was found as an anti-oxidant and could inhibit ROS production in the LPS-induced cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings show the potential of ZJC aqueous extract as a naturally occurring COX-2 inhibitor to reduce inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Kai Li
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xuelin Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hing Lok Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Chun Fai Ng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Wei Ming Fu
- Institute Guangzhou of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ping Chung Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Guiyuan Peng
- Department of ENT, Guangdong Province Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chun Hay Ko
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
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17
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Viktorova IA, Grishechkina IA, Sobol LN, Polomoshnova TN. THE DIFFICULTIES OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF EDEMATOUS AND ANEMIC SYNDROMES IN AN EDERLY PATIENT WITH ATYPICAL COURSE OF COELIAC DISEASE. Eksp Klin Gastroenterol 2016; 12:120-123. [PMID: 29889435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Analysis of the complexities of diagnosis of atypical celiac disease in elderly patients. KEY POINTS A clinical observation of the patient 63 years with atypical form of celiac disease, have flowed mainly from edematous and anemic syndrome. High titers of antibodies to gliadin, tissue transglutaminase, histological changes of the mucous membrane of the small intestine (Marsh II), the presence DQA1*0501 of the alleles have confirmed diagnosis. Against the background of strict gluten-free diet and a half years I have come persistent clinical remission with normalization of serum indicators. CONCLUSION Inclusion in the plan of diagnostic screening for celiac disease in patients \'vith edematous and anemic syndrome possible to establish the correct diagnosis and to reduce the risk of complications (including malignancies) in this patient.
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Abstract
Genomic studies have greatly advanced our understanding of the multifactorial aetiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as well as the multiple subtypes of monogenic diabetes mellitus. In this Review, we discuss the existing pharmacogenetic evidence in both monogenic diabetes mellitus and T2DM. We highlight mechanistic insights from the study of adverse effects and the efficacy of antidiabetic drugs. The identification of extreme sulfonylurea sensitivity in patients with diabetes mellitus owing to heterozygous mutations in HNF1A represents a clear example of how pharmacogenetics can direct patient care. However, pharmacogenomic studies of response to antidiabetic drugs in T2DM has yet to be translated into clinical practice, although some moderate genetic effects have now been described that merit follow-up in trials in which patients are selected according to genotype. We also discuss how future pharmacogenomic findings could provide insights into treatment response in diabetes mellitus that, in addition to other areas of human genetics, facilitates drug discovery and drug development for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Zhou
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Helle Krogh Pedersen
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Adem Y Dawed
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Ewan R Pearson
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
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Chen CP, Huang MC, Chern SR, Kuo YL, Chen YN, Wu PS, Chen LF, Pan CW, Wang W. Distal 3p duplication and terminal 7q deletion associated with nuchal edema and cyclopia in a fetus and a review of the literature. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 54:297-302. [PMID: 26166345 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present perinatal detection of distal 3p duplication and terminal 7q deletion associated with nuchal edema and cyclopia in a fetus, and to review the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 32-year-old, G9P0, woman who had experienced eight spontaneous abortions was found to have fetal nuchal edema, alobar holoprosencephaly, and cyclopia by prenatal ultrasound at 15 weeks of gestation. The pregnancy was subsequently terminated, and a malformed fetus was delivered with cyclopia. Molecular and conventional cytogenetic analyses were made to determine the genetic pathogenesis of fetal abnormalities. RESULTS The father had a karyotype of 46,XY,t(3;7)(p22.1;q36.1). The mother had a karyotype of 46,XX. The fetus had a karyotype of 46,XY,der(7)t(3;7)(p22.1;q36.1)pat. The analysis of array comparative genomic hybridization analysis revealed a 43.68-Mb duplication of 3p26.3-3p22.1 encompassing CHL1 and CNTN4, and an 8.66-Mb deletion of 7q36.1-7q36.3 encompassing SHH in the fetus. CONCLUSION Simultaneous occurrence of 7q deletion and 3p duplication can be associated with alobar holoprosencephaly. For the couple with a parental translocation involving 7q and 3p, prenatal ultrasound should include a detailed investigation of central nervous system anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical and Community Health Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chao Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Schu-Rern Chern
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Kuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ni Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Li-Feng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wen Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wayseen Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Bioengineering, Tatung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Martinez RM, Pinho-Ribeiro FA, Steffen VS, Silva TCC, Caviglione CV, Bottura C, Fonseca MJV, Vicentini FTMC, Vignoli JA, Baracat MM, Georgetti SR, Verri WA, Casagrande R. Topical Formulation Containing Naringenin: Efficacy against Ultraviolet B Irradiation-Induced Skin Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146296. [PMID: 26741806 PMCID: PMC4704734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin (NGN) exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, but it remains undetermined its topical actions against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in vivo. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical and functional antioxidant stability of NGN containing formulations, and the effects of selected NGN containing formulation on UVB irradiation-induced skin inflammation and oxidative damage in hairless mice. NGN presented ferric reducing power, ability to scavenge 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and hydroxyl radical, and inhibited iron-independent and dependent lipid peroxidation. Among the three formulations containing NGN, only the F3 kept its physicochemical and functional stability over 180 days. Topical application of F3 in mice protected from UVB-induced skin damage by inhibiting edema and cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10). Furthermore, F3 inhibited superoxide anion and lipid hydroperoxides production and maintained ferric reducing and ABTS scavenging abilities, catalase activity, and reduced glutathione levels. In addition, F3 maintained mRNA expression of cellular antioxidants glutathione peroxidase 1, glutathione reductase and transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), and induced mRNA expression of heme oxygenase-1. In conclusion, a formulation containing NGN may be a promising approach to protecting the skin from the deleterious effects of UVB irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata M. Martinez
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Felipe A. Pinho-Ribeiro
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Vinicius S. Steffen
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Thais C. C. Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Carla V. Caviglione
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Carolina Bottura
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Maria J. V. Fonseca
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Av. do Café s/n, 14049–903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Fabiana T. M. C. Vicentini
- Farmacore Biotecnologia LTDA, Rua Edson Souto, 738—Anexo I, Lagoinha, 14095–250 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Josiane A. Vignoli
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biotecnologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcela M. Baracat
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Sandra R. Georgetti
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
- * E-mail: (RC); (WAV)
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
- * E-mail: (RC); (WAV)
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Ostini A, Ramelli GP, Mainetti C, Bianchetti MG, Ferrarini A. Recurrent Finkelstein-Seidlmayer Disease in Four First-degree Relatives. Acta Derm Venereol 2015; 95:622-3. [PMID: 25403699 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Ostini
- Pediatric Department of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
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22
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Li FJ, Duggal RN, Oliva OM, Karki S, Surolia R, Wang Z, Watson RD, Thannickal VJ, Powell M, Watts S, Kulkarni T, Batra H, Bolisetty S, Agarwal A, Antony VB. Heme oxygenase-1 protects corexit 9500A-induced respiratory epithelial injury across species. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122275. [PMID: 25835394 PMCID: PMC4383564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of Corexit 9500A (CE) on respiratory epithelial surfaces of terrestrial mammals and marine animals are largely unknown. This study investigated the role of CE-induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a cytoprotective enzyme with anti-apoptotic and antioxidant activity, in human bronchial airway epithelium and the gills of exposed aquatic animals. We evaluated CE-mediated alterations in human airway epithelial cells, mice lungs and gills from zebrafish and blue crabs. Our results demonstrated that CE induced an increase in gill epithelial edema and human epithelial monolayer permeability, suggesting an acute injury caused by CE exposure. CE induced the expression of HO-1 as well as C-reactive protein (CRP) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), which are associated with ROS production. Importantly, CE induced caspase-3 activation and subsequent apoptosis of epithelial cells. The expression of the intercellular junctional proteins, such as tight junction proteins occludin, zonula occludens (ZO-1), ZO-2 and adherens junctional proteins E-cadherin and Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK), were remarkably inhibited by CE, suggesting that these proteins are involved in CE-induced increased permeability and subsequent apoptosis. The cytoskeletal protein F-actin was also disrupted by CE. Treatment with carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2) significantly inhibited CE-induced ROS production, while the addition of HO-1 inhibitor, significantly increased CE-induced ROS production and apoptosis, suggesting a protective role of HO-1 or its reaction product, CO, in CE-induced apoptosis. Using HO-1 knockout mice, we further demonstrated that HO-1 protected against CE-induced inflammation and cellular apoptosis and corrected CE-mediated inhibition of E-cadherin and FAK. These observations suggest that CE activates CRP and NOX4-mediated ROS production, alters permeability by inhibition of junctional proteins, and leads to caspase-3 dependent apoptosis of epithelial cells, while HO-1 and its reaction products protect against oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Jun Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Ryan N. Duggal
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Octavio M. Oliva
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Suman Karki
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Ranu Surolia
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Zheng Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - R. Douglas Watson
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Victor J. Thannickal
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Mickie Powell
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Stephen Watts
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Tejaswini Kulkarni
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Hitesh Batra
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Subhashini Bolisetty
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Anupam Agarwal
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Veena B. Antony
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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23
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Zhao QH, Li XY, Feng Q, Sun R. [Evaluation on dosage-based efficacy-toxicity correlation of Tripterygium wilfordii against immune inflammation in mice]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2015; 40:1139-1143. [PMID: 26226760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the anti-immune inflammation efficacy and toxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii decoction, in order to provide experimental basis for studies on its "efficacy-toxicity" correlation. METHOD The delayed hypersensitivity model was established by dinitrofluorobenzene in mice. Different doses of T. wilfordii decoction was administered for 5 consecutive days. The ear swelling inhibition ratio and the toxic action were observed. After the final administration, the biochemical indexes of PGE2, TNF-α, IL-2, ALT, AST, PA, TBA, TBIL in serum were detected, and the visceral indexes of heart, liver, spleen and kidney were measured. RESULT The DNFB-induced ear swelling could be notably inhibited by multiple oral administration of T. wilfordii decoction, with the ED50 and its 95% confidence limit of 0.34 (0.21-0.42) g x kg(-1). The contents of PGE2, TNF-α, IL-2 in serum decreased in a dose-dependent manner. The activities of serum AST, ALT, TBA, TBIL and the PA content reduced. CONCLUSION T. wilfordii decoction shows a significant anti-immune inflammation efficacy within the dosage range between 0.59 and 2.34 g x kg(-1) in a dose-dependent manner. With a certain hepatotoxicity, high dose (2.34-4.68 g x kg(-1)) of T. wilfordii decoction can cause substantial liver injury, with a dose dependence in liver function index. Therefore, the efficacy and toxicity of T. wilfordii is dose dependent, which provides reference for preventing adverse drug reactions in clinic and developing early-warning schemes and ensure the clinical medication safety of T. wilfordii.
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24
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Sogo T, Terahara N, Hisanaga A, Kumamoto T, Yamashiro T, Wu S, Sakao K, Hou DX. Anti-inflammatory activity and molecular mechanism of delphinidin 3-sambubioside, a Hibiscus anthocyanin. Biofactors 2015; 41:58-65. [PMID: 25728636 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Delphinidin 3-sambubioside (Dp3-Sam), a Hibiscus anthocyanin, was isolated from the dried calices of Hibiscus sabdariffa L, which has been used for folk beverages and herbal medicine although the molecular mechanisms are poorly defined. Based on the properties of Dp3-Sam and the information of inflammatory processes, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity and molecular mechanisms in both cell and animal models in the present study. In the cell model, Dp3-Sam and Delphinidin (Dp) reduced the levels of inflammatory mediators including iNOS, NO, IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α induced by LPS. Cellular signaling analysis revealed that Dp3-Sam and Dp downregulated NF-κB pathway and MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling. In animal model, Dp3-Sam and Dp reduced the production of IL-6, MCP-1 and TNF-α and attenuated mouse paw edema induced by LPS. Our in vitro and in vivo data demonstrated that Hibiscus Dp3-Sam possessed potential anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Sogo
- Course of Biological Science and Technology, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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25
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Fu Y, Gerasimova M, Batz F, Kuczkowski A, Alam Y, Sanders PW, Ronzaud C, Hummler E, Vallon V. PPARγ agonist-induced fluid retention depends on αENaC expression in connecting tubules. Nephron Clin Pract 2014; 129:68-74. [PMID: 25531136 DOI: 10.1159/000370254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Thiazolidinediones (TZDs, like rosiglitazone (RGZ)) are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonists used to treat type 2 diabetes. Clinical limitations include TZD-induced fluid retention and body weight (BW) increase, which are inhibited by amiloride, an epithelial-sodium channel (ENaC) blocker. RGZ-induced fluid retention is maintained in mice with αENaC knockdown in the collecting duct (CD). Since ENaC in the connecting tubule (CNT) rather than in CD appears to be critical for normal NaCl retention, we aimed to further explore the role of ENaC in CNT in RGZ-induced fluid retention. METHODS Mice with conditional inactivation of αENaC in both CNT and CD were used (αENaC lox/lox AQP2-Cre; 'αENaC-CNT/CD-KO') and compared with littermate controls (αENaC lox/lox mice; 'WT'). BW was monitored and total body water (TBW) and extracellular fluid volume (ECF) were determined by bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) before and after RGZ (320 mg/kg diet for 10 days). RESULTS On regular NaCl diet, αENaC-CNT/CD-KO had normal BW, TBW, ECF, hematocrit, and plasma Na(+), K(+), and creatinine, associated with an increase in plasma aldosterone compared with WT. Challenging αENaC-CNT/CD-KO with a low NaCl diet unmasked impaired NaCl and K homeostasis, consistent with effective knockdown of αENaC. In WT, RGZ increased BW (+6.1%), TBW (+8.4%) and ECF (+10%), consistent with fluid retention. These changes were significantly attenuated in αENaC-CNT/CD-KO (+3.4, 1.3, and 4.3%). CONCLUSION Together with the previous studies, the current results are consistent with a role of αENaC in CNT in RGZ-induced fluid retention, which dovetails with the physiological relevance of ENaC in this segment.
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26
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Ilic NM, Dey M, Poulev A, Logendra S, Kuhn PE, Raskin I. Anti-inflammatory activity of grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta Schum) extract. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:10452-7. [PMID: 25293633 PMCID: PMC4212708 DOI: 10.1021/jf5026086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The ethanolic extract of grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta Schum, Zingiberaceae) has been evaluated for inhibitory activity on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme, in vivo for the anti-inflammatory activity and expression of several pro-inflammatory genes. Bioactivity-guided fractionation showed that the most active COX-2 inhibitory compound in the extract was [6]-paradol. [6]-Shogaol, another compound from the extract, was the most active inhibitory compound in pro-inflammatory gene expression assays. In a rat paw edema model, the whole extract reduced inflammation by 49% at 1000 mg/kg. Major gingerols from the extract [6]-paradol, [6]-gingerol, and [6]-shogaol reduced inflammation by 20, 25 and 38%. respectively when administered individually at a dose of 150 mg/kg. [6]-Shogaol efficacy was at the level of aspirin, used as a positive control. Grains of paradise extract has demonstrated an anti-inflammatory activity, which is in part due to the inhibition of COX-2 enzyme activity and expression of pro-inflammatory genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebojsa M. Ilic
- Institute
of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21 000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Phone: +381 21 485 3824. E-mail:
| | - Moul Dey
- Biotech
Center, Cook College, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8520, United States
| | - Alexander
A. Poulev
- Biotech
Center, Cook College, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8520, United States
| | - Sithes Logendra
- Biotech
Center, Cook College, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8520, United States
| | - Peter E. Kuhn
- Biotech
Center, Cook College, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8520, United States
| | - Ilya Raskin
- Biotech
Center, Cook College, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8520, United States
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27
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Shindo T, Sakurai T, Kamiyoshi A, Ichikawa-Shindo Y, Kawate H, Koyama T. [Pathophysiological roles of adrenomedullin and its receptor activity modifying system]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2014; 143:232-235. [PMID: 24813793 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.143.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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28
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Deng JS, Huang SS, Lin TH, Lee MM, Kuo CC, Sung PJ, Hou WC, Huang GJ, Kuo YH. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory bioactivities of eburicoic acid and dehydroeburicoic acid isolated from Antrodia camphorata on the inflammatory mediator expression in mice. J Agric Food Chem 2013; 61:5064-5071. [PMID: 23495748 DOI: 10.1021/jf303820k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Eburicoic acid (TR1) and dehydroeburicoic acid (TR2), an active ingredient from Antrodia camphorata (AC) solid-state culture, were evaluated for analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Treatment with TR1 and TR2 significantly inhibited a number of acetic acid-induced writhing responses and formalin-induced pain in the late phase. In the anti-inflammatory test, TR1 and TR2 decreased paw edema at the fourth and fifth hour after λ-carrageenan (Carr) administration and increased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the paw edema tissue. We also demonstrated that TR1 and TR2 significantly attenuated the malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in either edema paw or serum at the fifth hour after Carr injection. Western blotting revealed that TR1 and TR2 decreased Carr-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cycloxyclase (COX-2) expressions at the fifth hour in paw edema. Treatment with TR1 and TR2 also diminished neutrophil infiltration into the paw edema at the fifth hour. The present study suggests that the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of TR1 and TR2 might be related to the decrease of inflammatory cytokines and an increase of antioxidant enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
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29
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Borbély É, Hajna Z, Sándor K, Kereskai L, Tóth I, Pintér E, Nagy P, Szolcsányi J, Quinn J, Zimmer A, Stewart J, Paige C, Berger A, Helyes Z. Role of tachykinin 1 and 4 gene-derived neuropeptides and the neurokinin 1 receptor in adjuvant-induced chronic arthritis of the mouse. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61684. [PMID: 23626716 PMCID: PMC3634005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Substance P, encoded by the Tac1 gene, is involved in neurogenic inflammation and hyperalgesia via neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor activation. Its non-neuronal counterpart, hemokinin-1, which is derived from the Tac4 gene, is also a potent NK1 agonist. Although hemokinin-1 has been described as a tachykinin of distinct origin and function compared to SP, its role in inflammatory and pain processes has not yet been elucidated in such detail. In this study, we analysed the involvement of tachykinins derived from the Tac1 and Tac4 genes, as well as the NK1 receptor in chronic arthritis of the mouse. Methods Complete Freund’s Adjuvant was injected intraplantarly and into the tail of Tac1−/−, Tac4−/−, Tacr1−/− (NK1 receptor deficient) and Tac1−/−/Tac4−/− mice. Paw volume was measured by plethysmometry and mechanosensitivity using dynamic plantar aesthesiometry over a time period of 21 days. Semiquantitative histopathological scoring and ELISA measurement of IL-1β concentrations of the tibiotarsal joints were performed. Results Mechanical hyperalgesia was significantly reduced from day 11 in Tac4−/− and Tacr1−/− animals, while paw swelling was not altered in any strain. Inflammatory histopathological alterations (synovial swelling, leukocyte infiltration, cartilage destruction, bone damage) and IL-1β concentration in the joint homogenates were significantly smaller in Tac4−/− and Tac1−/−/Tac4−/− mice. Conclusions Hemokinin-1, but not substance P increases inflammation and hyperalgesia in the late phase of adjuvant-induced arthritis. While NK1 receptors mediate its antihyperalgesic actions, the involvement of another receptor in histopathological changes and IL-1β production is suggested.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Arthritis, Experimental/chemically induced
- Arthritis, Experimental/genetics
- Arthritis, Experimental/metabolism
- Arthritis, Experimental/pathology
- Edema/chemically induced
- Edema/genetics
- Edema/metabolism
- Edema/pathology
- Freund's Adjuvant
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Hyperalgesia/chemically induced
- Hyperalgesia/genetics
- Hyperalgesia/metabolism
- Hyperalgesia/pathology
- Inflammation
- Interleukin-1beta/biosynthesis
- Joints/metabolism
- Joints/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Plethysmography
- Protein Precursors/deficiency
- Protein Precursors/genetics
- Receptors, Neurokinin-1/deficiency
- Receptors, Neurokinin-1/genetics
- Signal Transduction
- Substance P/deficiency
- Substance P/genetics
- Tachykinins/deficiency
- Tachykinins/genetics
- Tarsus, Animal/metabolism
- Tarsus, Animal/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Borbély
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Hajna
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Sándor
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Kereskai
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - István Tóth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Erika Pintér
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Nagy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - János Szolcsányi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - John Quinn
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine Liverpool University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Zimmer
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - James Stewart
- School of Infection and Host Defense, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Paige
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alexandra Berger
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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30
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Hsu LC, Liang YH, Hsu YW, Kuo YH, Pan TM. Anti-inflammatory properties of yellow and orange pigments from Monascus purpureus NTU 568. J Agric Food Chem 2013; 61:2796-2802. [PMID: 23458314 DOI: 10.1021/jf305521v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The Monascus species has been used in foods for thousands of years in China. In this study, 10 azaphilone pigments, including four yellow and six orange pigments, were isolated from the fermented rice and dioscorea of Monascus purpureus NTU 568. By employing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells, we determined the inhibitory activities of these pigments on nitric oxide (NO) production. As a result, four orange pigments, monaphilols A-D, showed the highest activities (IC50 = 1.0-3.8 μM), compared with the other two orange pigments, monascorubrin (IC50 > 40 μM) and rubropunctatin (IC50 = 21.2 μM), and the four yellow pigments ankaflavin (IC50 = 21.8 μM), monascin (IC50 = 29.1 μM), monaphilone A (IC50 = 19.3 μM), and monaphilone B (IC50 = 22.6 μM). Using Western blot and ELISA kits, we found that treatments with 30 μM of the yellow pigments and 5 μM of the orange pigments could down-regulate the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and suppress the production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). We also used two animal experiments to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of these pigments. In a 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced ear edema model, eight of these pigments (0.5 mg/ear) could prevent ear edema against TPA administrations on the ears of BALB/c mice. In an LPS-injection mice model, several of these pigments (10 mg/kg) could inhibit the NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in the plasma of BALB/c mice. As concluded from the in vitro and in vivo studies, six azaphilonoid pigments, namely, ankaflavin, monaphilone A, and monaphilols A-D, showed high potential to be developed into chemopreventive foods or drugs against inflammation-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chuan Hsu
- Department of Biochemical Science & Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China
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31
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Garcia TA, Ventura CL, Smith MA, Merrell DS, O'Brien AD. Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 and hemolysin from uropathogenic Escherichia coli elicit different host responses in the murine bladder. Infect Immun 2013; 81:99-109. [PMID: 23090961 PMCID: PMC3536159 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00605-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1) and hemolysin (HlyA1) are toxins produced by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). We previously showed that these toxins contribute to the inflammation and tissue damage seen in a mouse model of ascending urinary tract infection. CNF1 constitutively activates small Rho GTPases by deamidation of a conserved glutamine residue, and HlyA1 forms pores in eukaryotic cell membranes. In this study, we used cDNA microarrays of bladder tissue isolated from mice infected intraurethrally with wild-type CP9, CP9cnf1, or CP9ΔhlyA to further evaluate the role that each toxin plays in the host response to UPEC. Regardless of the strain used, we found that UPEC itself elicited a significant change in host gene expression 24 h after inoculation. The largest numbers of upregulated genes were in the cytokine and chemokine signaling and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. CNF1 exerted a strong positive influence on expression of genes involved in innate immunity and signal transduction and a negative impact on metabolism- and transport-associated genes. HlyA1 evoked an increase in expression of genes that encode innate immunity factors and a decrease in expression of genes involved in cytoskeletal and metabolic processes. Multiplex cytokine and myeloperoxidase assays corroborated our finding that a strong proinflammatory response was elicited by all strains tested. Bladders challenged intraurethrally with purified CNF1 displayed pathology similar to but significantly less intense than the pathology that we observed in CP9-challenged mice. Our data demonstrate substantial roles for CNF1 and HlyA1 in initiation of a strong proinflammatory response to UPEC in the bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamako A Garcia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Corr M, Lerman I, Keubel JM, Ronacher L, Misra R, Lund F, Sarelius IH, Glading AJ. Decreased Krev interaction-trapped 1 expression leads to increased vascular permeability and modifies inflammatory responses in vivo. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32:2702-10. [PMID: 22922958 PMCID: PMC3475761 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.300115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The regulation of vascular permeability, leukocyte trafficking, and the integrity of endothelial cell-cell contacts are closely linked by a complex mechanism of interregulation. Here, we investigate the role of Krev interaction-trapped 1 (KRIT1), an adherens junction accessory protein required for cell-cell junction stability, in regulating these vascular functions. METHODS AND RESULTS Krit1(+/-) mice exhibited an enhanced edematous response to the complex inflammatory stimuli found in the passive K/BxN model of inflammatory arthritis and the murine air pouch model, yet leukocyte infiltration was unchanged. Correspondingly, reduced KRIT1 expression increased baseline arteriole and venule permeability 2-fold over that of wild-type littermates, as measured by intravital microscopy of the intact cremaster muscle vascular network, but this increase was not accompanied by increased leukocyte extravasation or activation. Direct stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-α induced increased permeability in wild-type mice, but surprisingly no increase over baseline levels was observed in Krit1(+/-) mice, despite extensive leukocyte activation. Finally, adoptive transfer of Krit1(+/-) bone marrow failed to increase permeability in wild-type mice. However, reduced expression of KRIT1 in the hematopoietic lineage dampened the differences observed in baseline permeability. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data indicate an integral role for KRIT1 in microvessel homeostasis and the vascular response to inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maripat Corr
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Irina Lerman
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Julia M. Keubel
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Lisa Ronacher
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ravi Misra
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy/Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Frances Lund
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy/Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Ingrid H. Sarelius
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Angela J. Glading
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
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Brait VH, Martin KR, Corlett A, Broughton BRS, Kim HA, Thundyil J, Drummond GR, Arumugam TV, Pritchard MA, Sobey CG. Over-expression of DSCR1 protects against post-ischemic neuronal injury. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47841. [PMID: 23144708 PMCID: PMC3483156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose The Down syndrome candidate region 1 (DSCR1) gene is located on human chromosome 21 and its protein is over-expressed in brains of Down syndrome individuals. DSCR1 can modulate the activity of calcineurin, a phosphatase abundant in the brain, but its influence on stroke outcome is not clear. We compared stroke outcome in wildtype (WT) and transgenic (DSCR1-TG) mice which over-express isoform 1 of human DSCR1. Methods Transient cerebral ischemia was produced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery for 0.5 h. After 23.5 h reperfusion, we assessed neurological impairment, brain infarct and edema volume, leukocyte infiltration and markers of inflammation. Intrinsic resistance to apoptosis following glucose deprivation was also assessed in primary cultures of WT and DSCR1-TG neurons. Results In contrast to WT, DSCR1-TG mice had an improved neurological deficit score, greater grip strength, attenuated infarct volume and brain swelling, and lacked hippocampal lesions after stroke. Expression of mouse DSCR1-1, but not DSCR1-4, mRNA and protein was increased by ischemia in both WT and DSCR1-TG. Brain calcineurin activity was increased to a similar degree after ischemia in each genotype. DSCR1-TG mice had fewer infiltrating neutrophils and activated microglia compared with WT, in association with an attenuated upregulation of several pro-inflammatory genes. Neurons from DSCR1-TG mice were more resistant than WT neurons to apoptotic cell death following 24 h of glucose deprivation. Conclusions Over-expression of DSCR1 in mice improves outcome following stroke. Mechanisms underlying this protection may involve calcineurin-independent, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects mediated by DSCR1 in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa H. Brait
- Vascular Biology and Immunopharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine R. Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alicia Corlett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brad R. S. Broughton
- Vascular Biology and Immunopharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hyun Ah Kim
- Vascular Biology and Immunopharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Thundyil
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Grant R. Drummond
- Vascular Biology and Immunopharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thiruma V. Arumugam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Melanie A. Pritchard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Christopher G. Sobey
- Vascular Biology and Immunopharmacology Group, Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Katayama K, Sasaki T, Goto S, Ogasawara K, Maru H, Suzuki K, Suzuki H. Insertional mutation in the Golgb1 gene is associated with osteochondrodysplasia and systemic edema in the OCD rat. Bone 2011; 49:1027-36. [PMID: 21851869 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Revised: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Homozygous rats (ocd/ocd) of a mutant inbred strain, OCD (osteochondrodysplasia), show osteochondrodysplasia, systemic edema, cleft palate, protruding tongue, disproportionate dwarfism, and lethality immediately after birth. Their epiphyses show decreased levels of glycosaminoglycans and weak staining for extracellular matrix proteins. The epiphyseal chondrocytes have large vesicles and expanded endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. These phenotypic features are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, and the ocd locus responsible for these phenotypes has been mapped close to D11Mgh3 on rat chromosome 11. In the present study, we characterized the embryonic pathogenesis of ocd/ocd rats and identified the mutant gene. Subcutaneous edema in the dorsal portion was found at embryonic day (E) 16.5, and the other anomalies described above were apparent after E18.5 in ocd/ocd. Whole mount immunohistochemistry for Sox9 revealed that mesenchymal condensation was delayed in limb bud in ocd/ocd, and skeletal preparation showed that the progression of whole-body chondrogenesis was delayed in ocd/ocd. Histological and immunohistological analyses of the femur showed that cell proliferations of resting and proliferative zones of growth plate were significantly reduced in ocd/ocd embryos. Fine linkage mapping localized the ocd locus within 84kb of positions 65,584-65,668kb containing a part of Golgb1 gene on chromosome 11. Expression of Golgb1 mRNA was found in limb buds, somite derivatives and calvaria. Sequence analysis identified a 10-bp insertion in exon 13 of the Golgb1 gene in ocd/ocd rats. The Golgb1 gene encodes the COPI vesicle tethering factor, giantin. This insertion mutation causes a frame shift, and introduces a premature termination codon at codon 1082, leading to truncation of the C-terminal two thirds of giantin. By in-gel Western analysis using anti-giantin antibody that recognizes an epitope within 200 aa of the C-terminus, the expression of giantin was not detected in ocd/ocd embryos. As the C-terminal region of giantin is required for localization to the Golgi apparatus, these results strongly suggested that giantin is functionally defective in ocd/ocd rats. Therefore, we concluded that mutation of the Golgb1 gene is responsible for the phenotypic characteristics including osteochondrodysplasia of ocd/ocd, and that giantin plays a pivotal role in multiple aspects of chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Katayama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180–8602, Japan
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35
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Xian YF, Mao QQ, Ip SP, Lin ZX, Che CT. Comparison on the anti-inflammatory effect of Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis and Cortex Phellodendri Amurensis in 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate-induced ear edema in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 137:1425-1430. [PMID: 21875660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Revised: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cortex Phellodendri is derived from the dried bark of Phellodendron chinense Schneid. or Phellodendron amurense Rupr. Traditionally, Cortex Phellodendron Chinensis (CPC) and Cortex Phellodendron Amurensis (CPA) are used interchangeably under the name "Huang Bai" for the treatment of gastroenteritis, abdominal pain or diarrhea. The present study aims to compare the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanol extracts of Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis (ECPC) and Cortex Phellodendri Amurensis (ECPA) in a mouse model of inflammation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-acetate (TPA). MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated by measuring the ear thickness, activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the production reactive oxygen species (ROS). The anti-inflammatory mechanism was explored by determining the protein and mRNA levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. RESULTS The results showed that both ECPC and ECPA significantly decreased the ear thickness, MPO activity and the ROS level in mouse model of inflammation induced by TPA. In addition, ECPC and ECPA also remarkably inhibited the protein and mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and COX-2. Interestingly, ECPC has better anti-inflammatory effect than that of ECPA. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that both ECPC and ECPA have potential anti-inflammatory effect on TPA-induced inflammatory in mice, and ECPC is more effective than ECPA. The anti-inflammatory effect of the herbal drugs may be mediated, at least in part, by down-regulating the mRNA expression of a panel of inflammatory mediators including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
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36
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Zinn PO, Majadan B, Sathyan P, Singh SK, Majumder S, Jolesz FA, Colen RR. Radiogenomic mapping of edema/cellular invasion MRI-phenotypes in glioblastoma multiforme. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25451. [PMID: 21998659 PMCID: PMC3187774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite recent discoveries of new molecular targets and pathways, the search for an effective therapy for Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) continues. A newly emerged field, radiogenomics, links gene expression profiles with MRI phenotypes. MRI-FLAIR is a noninvasive diagnostic modality and was previously found to correlate with cellular invasion in GBM. Thus, our radiogenomic screen has the potential to reveal novel molecular determinants of invasion. Here, we present the first comprehensive radiogenomic analysis using quantitative MRI volumetrics and large-scale gene- and microRNA expression profiling in GBM. Methods Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), discovery and validation sets with gene, microRNA, and quantitative MR-imaging data were created. Top concordant genes and microRNAs correlated with high FLAIR volumes from both sets were further characterized by Kaplan Meier survival statistics, microRNA-gene correlation analyses, and GBM molecular subtype-specific distribution. Results The top upregulated gene in both the discovery (4 fold) and validation (11 fold) sets was PERIOSTIN (POSTN). The top downregulated microRNA in both sets was miR-219, which is predicted to bind to POSTN. Kaplan Meier analysis demonstrated that above median expression of POSTN resulted in significantly decreased survival and shorter time to disease progression (P<0.001). High POSTN and low miR-219 expression were significantly associated with the mesenchymal GBM subtype (P<0.0001). Conclusion Here, we propose a novel diagnostic method to screen for molecular cancer subtypes and genomic correlates of cellular invasion. Our findings also have potential therapeutic significance since successful molecular inhibition of invasion will improve therapy and patient survival in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal O. Zinn
- Department of Genetics, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital (CHUV BH19-110), Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (POZ); (RRC)
| | - Bhanu Majadan
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Pratheesh Sathyan
- Department of Genetics, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sanjay K. Singh
- Department of Genetics, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sadhan Majumder
- Department of Genetics, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ferenc A. Jolesz
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rivka R. Colen
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (POZ); (RRC)
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Marshall KG, Swaby K, Hamilton K, Howell S, Landis RC, Hambleton IR, Reid M, Fletcher H, Forrester T, McKenzie CA. A preliminary examination of the effects of genetic variants of redox enzymes on susceptibility to oedematous malnutrition and on percentage cytotoxicity in response to oxidative stress in vitro. Ann Trop Paediatr 2011; 31:27-36. [PMID: 21262107 DOI: 10.1179/146532811x12925735813805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causes of oedematous vs non-oedematous childhood malnutrition (OM vs NOM) remain elusive. It is possible that inherited differences in handling oxidant stressors are a contributing factor. AIMS To test for associations between polymorphisms in five genes and (i) risk of OM, a case-control study, and (ii) percentage cytotoxicity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), an in vitro cell challenge study. METHODS Participants had been admitted previously for treatment of OM (cases, n = 74) or NOM (controls, n = 50), or were an independent set of healthy pregnant women (n = 47) who donated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We tested for associations between genetic variation and outcome using single markers or a bivariate score constructed by counting numbers of deleterious alleles for each of 15 possible pairs of markers. RESULTS In the case-control study there were no significant single-marker associations with OM. We did find that higher bivariate scores were associated with OM for the pair of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and catalase (odds ratio 2·00, 95% CI 1·05-3·82). In the cell challenge experiments, there were no significant associations with percentage cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS Variation in this small set of genes seems unlikely to have a large impact on either risk of OM or cytotoxicity after H(2)O(2) exposure. The use of larger sample sizes to test the effects of a much larger set of genetic variants will be required in order to determine whether genetic variation contributes to the risk of OM. Such studies have potential for improving our understanding of causal pathways in OM.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Marshall
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
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38
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Holmberg C, Jalanko H. [Congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type--key to the mechanisms of proteinuria]. Duodecim 2011; 127:1017-1025. [PMID: 21696001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type is a serious renal disease belonging to the Finnish disease heritage. It appears as substantial proteinuria, hypoproteinemia and edema in a newborn. Kidney transplantation is the only effective treatment. The cause of the disease is a mutation in the gene encoding the nephrin protein. Nephrin is produced by the epithelial cell (podocyte) of the glomerulus. It is expressed in the slit membrane connecting the pedicles of the podocyte. This finding has revolutionized the concept of glomerular filtration and set off active research on the pathogenetic mechanisms of proteinuria.
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39
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Underwood PC, Sun B, Williams JS, Pojoga LH, Chamarthi B, Lasky-Su J, Raby BA, Hopkins PN, Jeunemaitre X, Brown NJ, Adler GK, Williams GH. The relationship between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and renin: a human genetics study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95:E75-9. [PMID: 20631015 PMCID: PMC2936061 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonists often cause volume retention and edema. A relationship between PPARgamma and renin may play a role in this process. OBJECTIVE The aim was to examine the relationship between the PPARgamma gene and plasma renin activity (PRA) levels in human hypertension. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, AND MEASURES A candidate gene association study was conducted with two distinct groups of human participants: Caucasian hypertensives (n = 395) and African-American hypertensives (n = 55). Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the PPAR(Upsilon) gene were analyzed. Phenotype studies were conducted after participants consumed a low-salt diet (10 mmol/d) for 7 d and included PRA and aldosterone measurements before and after a 60-min angiotensin II infusion (3 ng/kg x min). RESULTS Participants homozygous for the minor allele of rs2959272 (CC) had significantly higher PRA levels at baseline (P = 0.016) than major allele carriers (AA, AC) in Caucasian-hypertensive participants. The association of the C allele carrier status with increased PRA levels was replicated in the group of African-American hypertensive participants (P = 0.027). The Fisher's combined P value for both observations was significant (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the first known association between a PPARgamma single nucleotide polymorphism and alterations in PRA levels in humans with hypertension. This link between PPARgamma and renin raises the possibility of a genetically based mechanism for the increased volume retention and edema in some users of PPARgamma agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia C Underwood
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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40
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Huang GJ, Huang SS, Lin SS, Shao YY, Chen CC, Hou WC, Kuo YH. Analgesic effects and the mechanisms of anti-inflammation of ergostatrien-3beta-ol from Antrodia camphorata submerged whole broth in mice. J Agric Food Chem 2010; 58:7445-7452. [PMID: 20507140 DOI: 10.1021/jf1013764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Ergostatrien-3beta-ol (ST1), an active and major ingredient from Antrodia camphorata (AC) submerged whole broth was evaluated for the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Treatment of male imprinting control region (ICR) mice with ST1 (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the numbers of acetic-acid-induced writhing response in 10 min. Also, our result showed that ST1 (10 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the formalin-induced pain in the late phase (p < 0.001). In the anti-inflammatory test, ST1 (10 mg/kg) decreased the paw edema at 4 and 5 h after lambda-carrageenin (Carr) administration and increased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the liver tissue. We also demonstrated that ST1 significantly attenuated the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the edema paw at 5 h after Carr injection. ST1 (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg) decreased the nitric oxide (NO) levels on both the edema paw and serum level at 5 h after Carr injection. Also, ST1 (5 and 10 mg/kg) diminished the serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) at 5 h after Carr injection. Western blotting revealed that ST1 (10 mg/kg) decreased Carr-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cycloxyclase (COX-2) expressions at 5 h in the edema paw. An intraperitoneal (ip) injection treatment with ST1 also diminished neutrophil infiltration into sites of inflammation, as did indomethacin (Indo). The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of ST1 might be related to the decrease in the level of MDA, iNOS, and COX-2 in the edema paw via increasing the activities of CAT, SOD, and GPx in the liver through the suppression of TNF-alpha and NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Jhong Huang
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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41
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Cantarini L, Lucherini OM, Cimaz R, Rigante D, Baldari CT, Laghi Pasini F, Galeazzi M. Typical and severe tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome in the absence of mutations in the TNFRSF1A gene: a case series. Rheumatol Int 2010; 32:4015-8. [PMID: 20473499 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-010-1512-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-1-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) is the most common autosomal dominant autoinflammatory disorder and is caused by mutations in the TNFRSF1A gene encoding the 55-kDa receptor for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. TRAPS is characterized by recurrent attacks of fever, typically lasting from 1 to 3 weeks. In addition to fever, common clinical features include periorbital edema, a migratory erythematous plaque simulating erysipela with underlying myalgia, and arthralgia or arthritis. Serosal membrane inflammation is also a common feature, usually in the form of polyserositis. To date, at least 40 different TNFRSF1A mutations have been identified, but few patients with symptoms highly suggestive of TRAPS with no mutations in the TNFRSF1A gene have recently been described, thus suggesting that not all mutations are yet known or that alternative mechanisms might be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. We report on three such patients here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Cantarini
- Rheumatology Unit, Institute of Rheumatology, Interdepartmental Research Center of Systemic Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases, Policlinico Le Scotte, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 1, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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42
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Jain NK, Ishikawa TO, Spigelman I, Herschman HR. COX-2 expression and function in the hyperalgesic response to paw inflammation in mice. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2008; 79:183-90. [PMID: 18829279 PMCID: PMC2615797 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2008.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2008] [Revised: 08/08/2008] [Accepted: 08/12/2008] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral inflammation and edema are often accompanied by primary and secondary hyperalgesia which are mediated by both peripheral and central mechanisms. The role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-mediated prostanoid production in hyperalgesia is a topic of substantial current interest. We have established a murine foot-pad inflammation model in which both pharmacologic and genetic tools can be used to characterize the role of COX-2 in hyperalgesia. Zymosan, an extract from yeast, injected into the plantar surface of the hindpaw induces an edema response and an increase in COX-2 expression in the hindpaw, spinal cord and brain. Zymosan-induced primary hyperalgesia, measured as a decrease in hindpaw withdrawal latency in response to a thermal stimulus, is long-lasting and is not inhibited by pre-treatment with the systemic COX-2 selective inhibitor, parecoxib (20 mg/kg). In contrast, the central component of hyperalgesia, measured as a reduction in tail flick latency in response to heat, is reduced by parecoxib. Zymosan-induced primary hyperalgesia in Cox-2-/- mice is similar to that of their Cox-2+/+ littermate controls. However, the central component of hyperalgesia is substantially reduced in Cox-2-/- versus Cox-2+/+ mice, and returns to baseline values much more rapidly. Thus pharmacological data suggest, and genetic experiments confirm, (i) that primary hyperalgesia in response to zymosan inflammation in the mouse paw is not mediated by COX-2 function and (ii) that COX-2 function plays a major role in the central component of hyperalgesia in this model of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen K. Jain
- Departments of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, UCLA School of Medicine
| | - Tomo-o Ishikawa
- Departments of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, UCLA School of Medicine
| | - Igor Spigelman
- Division of Oral Biology & Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harvey R. Herschman
- Departments of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, UCLA School of Medicine
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43
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Xie T, Chen M, Gavrilova O, Lai EW, Liu J, Weinstein LS. Severe obesity and insulin resistance due to deletion of the maternal Gsalpha allele is reversed by paternal deletion of the Gsalpha imprint control region. Endocrinology 2008; 149:2443-50. [PMID: 18202131 PMCID: PMC2329281 DOI: 10.1210/en.2007-1458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The G protein alpha-subunit G(s)alpha mediates receptor-stimulated cAMP production and is imprinted with reduced expression from the paternal allele in specific tissues. Disruption of the G(s)alpha maternal (but not paternal) allele leads to severe obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and insulin resistance in mice and obesity in patients with Albright hereditary osteodystrophy. Paternal deletion of a G(s)alpha imprint control region (1A) leads to loss of tissue-specific G(s)alpha imprinting. To determine whether the metabolic abnormalities resulting from disruption of the G(s)alpha maternal allele could be reversed by loss of paternal G(s)alpha imprinting, females with a heterozygous G(s)alpha exon 1 deletion were mated to males with heterozygous deletion of the imprint control region (1A) to generate mice with maternal G(s)alpha deletion (E1(m-)), paternal 1A deletion (1A(p-)), double mutants (E1(m-):1A(p-)), and wild type. E1(m-) mice developed obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and hypertriglyceridemia, which were all normalized by the paternal 1A deletion in E1(m-):1A(p-) mice. Obesity in E1(m-) was associated with reduced energy expenditure and sympathetic nerve activity, and these were also normalized in E1(m-):1A(p-) mice. 1A(p-) mice had reduced body weight associated with proportional decreases in fat and lean mass as well as increased activity levels. The metabolic phenotype resulting from maternal G(s)alpha deletion is rescued by a genetic lesion that leads to loss of tissue-specific G(s)alpha imprinting, consistent with this phenotype being a direct consequence of G(s)alpha imprinting in one or more specific tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases/National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 8C101, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1752, USA
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44
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Reynoso R, Perrin RM, Breslin JW, Daines DA, Watson KD, Watterson DM, Wu MH, Yuan S. A role for long chain myosin light chain kinase (MLCK-210) in microvascular hyperpermeability during severe burns. Shock 2007; 28:589-95. [PMID: 17577141 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0b013e31804d415f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Microvascular leakage has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple organ dysfunction during trauma. Previous studies suggest the involvement of myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation-triggered endothelial contraction in the development of microvascular hyperpermeability. Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) plays a key role in the control of MLC-phosphorylation status; thus, it is thought to modulate barrier function through its regulation of intracellular contractile machinery. The aim of this study was to further investigate the endothelial mechanism of MLC-dependent barrier injury in burns, focusing on the long isoform of MLCK (MLCK-210) that has recently been identified as the predominant isoform expressed in vascular endothelial cells. An MLCK-210 knockout mouse model was subjected to third-degree scald burn covering 25% total body surface area. The mesenteric microcirculation was observed using intravital microscopy, and the microvascular permeability was assessed by measuring the transvenular flux of fluorescein isothiocyanate-albumin. In a separate experiment, in vivo mesenteric hydraulic conductivity (Lp) was measured using the modified Landis technique. The injury caused a profound microvascular leakage, as indicated by a 2-fold increase in albumin flux and 4-fold increase in Lp at the early stages, which was associated with a high mortality within the 24-h period. Compared with wild-type control, the MLCK-210-deficient mice displayed a significantly improved survival with a greatly attenuated microvascular hyperpermeability response to albumin and fluid. These results provide direct evidence for a role of MLCK-210 in mediating burn-induced microvascular barrier injury and validate MLCK-210 as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of burn edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashell Reynoso
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California 95817, USA
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45
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Lee P, Kinsella J, Borkman M, Carter J. Bilateral pleural effusions, ascites, and facial and peripheral oedema in a 19-year-old woman 2 weeks following commencement of insulin lispro and detemir--an unusual presentation of insulin oedema. Diabet Med 2007; 24:1282-5. [PMID: 17956453 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02241.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Insulin oedema is a rare complication of insulin therapy and usually occurs in patients with Type 1 diabetes. It can present in a variety of ways, from mild peripheral oedema to cardiac failure and massive serosal effusions. We report a 19-year-old woman with newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes who presented with bilateral pleural effusions, ascites and extensive peripheral oedema 2 weeks after starting insulin therapy. Significant cardiac disease was excluded, and the massive fluid retention resolved spontaneously with conservative management. A review of the literature is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, New South Wales, Australia.
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Abstract
The response to intradermally injected phytohaemagglutinin (PHA-response) is a commonly used quantification of avian immunocompetence (the ability to resist pathogens). Parasite-mediated sexual selection requires heritable immunocompetence, but evidence for heritability of PHA-response in birds largely stems from full-sib comparisons. Using an animal model approach, we quantified the narrow-sense heritability of PHA-response in 1626 collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis) nestlings from 332 families, most of which were cross-fostered. Nestling PHA-response was not significantly heritable (h2=0.06+/-0.10), but was subject to non-heritable nest-of-origin effects (10% of variation). Our findings illustrate that full-sib comparisons of immunological measures may lead to an inflated estimate of heritability and also reveal a limited role of nestling PHA-response for sexual selection in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pitala
- Bird Ecology Unit, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, PO Box 65, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
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Saada A, Shaag A, Arnon S, Dolfin T, Miller C, Fuchs-Telem D, Lombes A, Elpeleg O. Antenatal mitochondrial disease caused by mitochondrial ribosomal protein (MRPS22) mutation. J Med Genet 2007; 44:784-6. [PMID: 17873122 PMCID: PMC2652816 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2007.053116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Three patients born to the same set of consanguineous parents presented with antenatal skin oedema, hypotonia, cardiomyopathy and tubulopathy. The enzymatic activities of multiple mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes were reduced in muscle. Marked reduction of 12s rRNA, the core of the mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit, was found in fibroblasts. Homozygosity mapping led to the identification of a mutation in the MRPS22 gene, which encodes a mitochondrial ribosomal protein. Transfection of the patient cells with wild-type MRPS22 cDNA increased the 12s rRNA content and normalised the enzymatic activities. Quantification of mitochondrial transcripts is advisable in patients with multiple defects of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saada
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
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48
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Bekiashev AK, Korshunov AG, Cherekaev VA. [Meningiomas: anatomical pathology and molecular biology]. Arkh Patol 2007; 69:48-54. [PMID: 18074823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In the past 5-10 years, there has been a considerable progress the understanding of the biology of meningioma. The most important advances have been made by comprehensive studies of the pathogenesis of meningioma in molecular genetics. Several target genes could be identified for mutation or inactivation. Additional chromosomal regions that are usually subject to deletion or amplification and point to the presence of tumor suppressor genes or proto-oncogenes were found. The revised and updated 2000 WHO Classification is a major innovation in the histopathology of meningiomas. The new classification system more precisely and objectively determines the grade of meningioma, which allows one to more logically make a prognosis of the recurrence and aggressive behavior of the tumor. The present overview places particular emphasis on recent advances in its molecular biology. It summarizes the most important aspects of the classification of meningiomas, which makes it possible to include the results of biological observations into the respective context, and also considers the mechanisms of angiogenesis and edema development and the role of hormonal receptors in meningiomas.
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49
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Knecht W, Cottrell GS, Amadesi S, Mohlin J, Skåregärde A, Gedda K, Peterson A, Chapman K, Hollenberg MD, Vergnolle N, Bunnett NW. Trypsin IV or Mesotrypsin and p23 Cleave Protease-activated Receptors 1 and 2 to Induce Inflammation and Hyperalgesia. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:26089-100. [PMID: 17623652 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m703840200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although principally produced by the pancreas to degrade dietary proteins in the intestine, trypsins are also expressed in the nervous system and in epithelial tissues, where they have diverse actions that could be mediated by protease-activated receptors (PARs). We examined the biological actions of human trypsin IV (or mesotrypsin) and rat p23, inhibitor-resistant forms of trypsin. The zymogens trypsinogen IV and pro-p23 were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to apparent homogeneity. Enteropeptidase cleaved both zymogens, liberating active trypsin IV and p23, which were resistant to soybean trypsin inhibitor and aprotinin. Trypsin IV cleaved N-terminal fragments of PAR(1), PAR(2), and PAR(4) at sites that would expose the tethered ligand (PAR(1) = PAR(4) > PAR(2)). Trypsin IV increased [Ca(2+)](i) in transfected cells expressing human PAR(1) and PAR(2) with similar potencies (PAR(1), 0.5 microm; PAR(2), 0.6 microm). p23 also cleaved fragments of PAR(1) and PAR(2) and signaled to cells expressing these receptors. Trypsin IV and p23 increased [Ca(2+)](i) in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons that responded to capsaicin and which thus mediate neurogenic inflammation and nociception. Intraplantar injection of trypsin IV and p23 in mice induced edema and granulocyte infiltration, which were not observed in PAR (-/-)(1)(trypsin IV) and PAR (-/-)(2) (trypsin IV and p23) mice. Trypsin IV and p23 caused thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia in mice, and these effects were absent in PAR (-/-)(2) mice but maintained in PAR (-/-)(1) mice. Thus, trypsin IV and p23 are inhibitor-resistant trypsins that can cleave and activate PARs, causing PAR(1)- and PAR(2)-dependent inflammation and PAR(2)-dependent hyperalgesia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aprotinin/chemistry
- Calcium Signaling/drug effects
- Capsaicin/pharmacology
- Edema/chemically induced
- Edema/genetics
- Edema/metabolism
- Edema/pathology
- Enteropeptidase/chemistry
- Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism
- Ganglia, Spinal/pathology
- Granulocytes/metabolism
- Granulocytes/pathology
- Humans
- Hyperalgesia/chemically induced
- Hyperalgesia/genetics
- Hyperalgesia/metabolism
- Hyperalgesia/pathology
- Inflammation/chemically induced
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Nociceptors/metabolism
- Nociceptors/pathology
- Pain Measurement
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, PAR-1/deficiency
- Receptor, PAR-1/metabolism
- Receptor, PAR-2/deficiency
- Receptor, PAR-2/physiology
- Receptors, Proteinase-Activated/metabolism
- Receptors, Thrombin/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- Trypsin/chemistry
- Trypsin/genetics
- Trypsin/metabolism
- Trypsin/pharmacology
- Trypsin Inhibitors/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Knecht
- Molecular Pharmacology and Lead Generation, AstraZeneca Research and Development, Mölndal 431 83, Sweden
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50
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Egeblad M, Shen HCJ, Behonick DJ, Wilmes L, Eichten A, Korets LV, Kheradmand F, Werb Z, Coussens LM. Type I collagen is a genetic modifier of matrix metalloproteinase 2 in murine skeletal development. Dev Dyn 2007; 236:1683-93. [PMID: 17440987 PMCID: PMC2581616 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recessive inactivating mutations in human matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2, gelatinase A) are associated with syndromes that include abnormal facial appearance, short stature, and severe bone loss. Mmp2(-/-) mice have only mild aspects of these abnormalities, suggesting that MMP2 function is redundant during skeletal development in the mouse. Here, we report that Mmp2(-/-) mice with additional mutations that render type I collagen resistant to collagenase-mediated cleavage to TC(A) and TC(B) fragments (Col1a1(r/r) mice) have severe developmental defects resembling those observed in MMP2-null humans. Composite Mmp2(-/-);Col1a1(r/r) mice were born in expected Mendelian ratios but were half the size of wild-type, Mmp2(-/-), and Col1a1(r/r) mice and failed to thrive. Furthermore, composite Mmp2(-/-);Col1a1(r/r) animals had very abnormal craniofacial features with shorter snouts, bulging skulls, incompletely developed calvarial bones and unclosed cranial sutures. In addition, trabecular bone mass was reduced concomitant with increased numbers of bone-resorbing osteoclasts and osteopenia. In vitro, MMP2 had a unique ability among the collagenolytic MMPs to degrade mutant collagen, offering a possible explanation for the genetic interaction between Mmp2 and Col1a1(r). Thus, because mutations in the type I collagen gene alter the phenotype of mice with null mutations in Mmp2, we conclude that type I collagen is an important modifier gene for Mmp2. Developmental Dynamics 236:1683-1693, 2007. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikala Egeblad
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0452, USA.
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