101
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Zhang L, Li G, Wang M, Di D, Sun L, Kronzucker HJ, Shi W. Excess iron stress reduces root tip zone growth through nitric oxide-mediated repression of potassium homeostasis in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 219:259-274. [PMID: 29658100 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The root tip zone is regarded as the principal action site for iron (Fe) toxicity and is more sensitive than other root zones, but the mechanism underpinning this remains largely unknown. We explored the mechanism underpinning the higher sensitivity at the Arabidopsis root tip and elucidated the role of nitric oxide (NO) using NO-related mutants and pharmacological methods. Higher Fe sensitivity of the root tip is associated with reduced potassium (K+ ) retention. NO in root tips is increased significantly above levels elsewhere in the root and is involved in the arrest of primary root tip zone growth under excess Fe, at least in part related to NO-induced K+ loss via SNO1 (sensitive to nitric oxide 1)/SOS4 (salt overly sensitive 4) and reduced root tip zone cell viability. Moreover, ethylene can antagonize excess Fe-inhibited root growth and K+ efflux, in part by the control of root tip NO levels. We conclude that excess Fe attenuates root growth by effecting an increase in root tip zone NO, and that this attenuation is related to NO-mediated alterations in K+ homeostasis, partly via SNO1/SOS4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Dongwei Di
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., 3010, Australia
| | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
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102
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O’Lexy R, Kasai K, Clark N, Fujiwara T, Sozzani R, Gallagher KL. Exposure to heavy metal stress triggers changes in plasmodesmatal permeability via deposition and breakdown of callose. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:3715-3728. [PMID: 29901781 PMCID: PMC6022669 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Both plants and animals must contend with changes in their environment. The ability to respond appropriately to these changes often underlies the ability of the individual to survive. In plants, an early response to environmental stress is an alteration in plasmodesmatal permeability with accompanying changes in cell to cell signaling. However, the ways in which plasmodesmata are modified, the molecular players involved in this regulation, and the biological significance of these responses are not well understood. Here, we examine the effects of nutrient scarcity and excess on plasmodesmata-mediated transport in the Arabidopsis thaliana root and identify two CALLOSE SYNTHASES and two β-1,3-GLUCANASES as key regulators of these processes. Our results suggest that modification of plasmodesmata-mediated signaling underlies the ability of the plant to maintain root growth and properly partition nutrients when grown under conditions of excess nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruthsabel O’Lexy
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Koji Kasai
- Department of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natalie Clark
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Biomathematics Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Toru Fujiwara
- Department of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rosangela Sozzani
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Biomathematics Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Kimberly L Gallagher
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Correspondence:
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103
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Hanlon MT, Ray S, Saengwilai P, Luthe D, Lynch JP, Brown KM. Buffered delivery of phosphate to Arabidopsis alters responses to low phosphate. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:1207-1219. [PMID: 29304231 PMCID: PMC6019003 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis has been reported to respond to phosphate (Pi) stress by arresting primary root growth and increasing lateral root branching. We developed a system to buffer Pi availability to Arabidopsis in gel media systems by charging activated aluminum oxide particles with low and sufficient concentrations of Pi, based on previous work in horticultural and sand culture systems. This system more closely mimics soil chemistry and results in different growth and transcriptional responses to Pi stress compared with plants grown in standard gel media. Low Pi availability in buffered medium results in reduced root branching and preferential investment of resources in axial root growth. Root hair length and density, known responses to Pi stress, increase in low-buffered Pi medium. Plants grown under buffered Pi conditions have different gene expression profiles of canonical Pi stress response genes as compared with their unbuffered counterparts. The system also eliminates known complications with iron (Fe) nutrition. The growth responses of Arabidopsis supplied with buffered Pi indicate that the widely accepted low-Pi phenotype is an artifact of the standard gel-based growth system. Buffering Pi availability through the method presented here will improve the utility and accuracy of gel studies by more closely approximating soil conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith T Hanlon
- Department of Plant Science and Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Swayamjit Ray
- Department of Plant Science and Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Patompong Saengwilai
- Department of Plant Science and Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Rachadhavi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Dawn Luthe
- Department of Plant Science and Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan P Lynch
- Department of Plant Science and Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Kathleen M Brown
- Department of Plant Science and Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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104
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Janes G, von Wangenheim D, Cowling S, Kerr I, Band L, French AP, Bishopp A. Cellular Patterning of Arabidopsis Roots Under Low Phosphate Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:735. [PMID: 29922313 PMCID: PMC5996075 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus is a crucial macronutrient for plants playing a critical role in many cellular signaling and energy cycling processes. In light of this, phosphorus acquisition efficiency is an important target trait for crop improvement, but it also provides an ecological adaptation for growth of plants in low nutrient environments. Increased root hair density has been shown to improve phosphorus uptake and plant health in a number of species. In several plant families, including Brassicaceae, root hair bearing cells are positioned on the epidermis according to their position in relation to cortex cells, with hair cells positioned in the cleft between two underlying cortex cells. Thus the number of cortex cells determines the number of epidermal cells in the root hair position. Previous research has associated phosphorus-limiting conditions with an increase in the number of cortex cell files in Arabidopsis thaliana roots, but they have not investigated the spatial or temporal domains in which these extra divisions occur or explored the consequences this has had on root hair formation. In this study, we use 3D reconstructions of root meristems to demonstrate that the radial anticlinal cell divisions seen under low phosphate are exclusive to the cortex. When grown on media containing replete levels of phosphorous, A. thaliana plants almost invariably show eight cortex cells; however when grown in phosphate limited conditions, seedlings develop up to 16 cortex cells (with 10-14 being the most typical). This results in a significant increase in the number of epidermal cells at hair forming positions. These radial anticlinal divisions occur within the initial cells and can be seen within 24 h of transfer of plants to low phosphorous conditions. We show that these changes in the underlying cortical cells feed into epidermal patterning by altering the regular spacing of root hairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Janes
- Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel von Wangenheim
- Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Cowling
- Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Kerr
- Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Leah Band
- Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P. French
- Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Bishopp
- Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Anthony Bishopp
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105
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Grillet L, Schmidt W. The multiple facets of root iron reduction. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:5021-5027. [PMID: 29036459 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The biological significance of iron (Fe) is based on its propensity to oscillate between the ferric and ferrous forms, a transition that also affects its phyto-availability in soils. With the exception of grasses, Fe3+ is unavailable to plants. Most angiosperms employ a reduction-based Fe uptake mechanism, which relies on enzymatic reduction of ferric iron as an obligatory, rate-limiting step prior to uptake. This system functions optimally in acidic soils. Calcicole plants are, however, exposed to environments that are alkaline and/or have suboptimal availability of phosphorous, conditions under which the enzymatic reduction mechanism ceases to work effectively. We propose that auxiliary, non-enzymatic Fe reduction can be of critical importance for conferring fitness to plants thriving in alkaline soils with low bioavailability of Fe and/or phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Grillet
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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106
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Abel S. Phosphate scouting by root tips. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 39:168-177. [PMID: 28527590 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Chemistry assigns phosphate (Pi) dominant roles in metabolism; however, it also renders the macronutrient a genuinely limiting factor of plant productivity. Pi bioavailability is restricted by low Pi mobility in soil and antagonized by metallic toxicities, which force roots to actively seek and selectively acquire the vital element. During the past few years, a first conceptual outline has emerged of the sensory mechanisms at root tips, which monitor external Pi and transmit the edaphic cue to inform root development. This review highlights new aspects of the Pi acquisition strategy of Arabidopsis roots, as well as a framework of local Pi sensing in the context of antagonistic interactions between Pi and its major associated metallic cations, Fe3+ and Al3+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Abel
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle, Germany; Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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107
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Khuong NQ, Kantachote D, Onthong J, Sukhoom A. The potential of acid-resistant purple nonsulfur bacteria isolated from acid sulfate soils for reducing toxicity of Al 3+ and Fe 2+ using biosorption for agricultural application. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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108
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Das S, Tyagi W, Rai M, Yumnam JS. Understanding Fe 2+ toxicity and P deficiency tolerance in rice for enhancing productivity under acidic soils. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2017; 33:97-117. [PMID: 28927358 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2017.1370888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Plants experience low phosphorus (P) and high iron (Fe) levels in acidic lowland soils that lead to reduced crop productivity. A better understanding of the relationship between these two stresses at molecular and physiological level will lead to development of suitable strategies to increase crop productivity in such poor soils. Tolerance for most abiotic stresses including P deficiency and Fe toxicity is a quantitative trait in rice. Recent studies in the areas of physiology, genetics, and overall metabolic pathways in response to P deficiency of rice plants have improved our understanding of low P tolerance. Phosphorous uptake and P use efficiency are the two key traits for improving P deficiency tolerance. In the case of Fe toxicity tolerance, QTLs have been reported but the identity and role played by underlying genes is just emerging. Details pertaining to Fe deficiency tolerance in rice are well worked out including genes involved in Fe sensing and uptake. But, how rice copes with Fe toxicity is not clearly understood. This review focuses on the progress made in understanding these key environmental stresses. Finally, an opinion on the key genes which can be targeted for this stress is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Das
- a School of Crop Improvement, College of Post-Graduate (CPGS), Central Agricultural University , Imphal , India
| | - Wricha Tyagi
- a School of Crop Improvement, College of Post-Graduate (CPGS), Central Agricultural University , Imphal , India
| | - Mayank Rai
- a School of Crop Improvement, College of Post-Graduate (CPGS), Central Agricultural University , Imphal , India
| | - Julia S Yumnam
- a School of Crop Improvement, College of Post-Graduate (CPGS), Central Agricultural University , Imphal , India
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109
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Rouached H, Rhee SY. System-level understanding of plant mineral nutrition in the big data era. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coisb.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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110
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Ziegler J, Schmidt S, Strehmel N, Scheel D, Abel S. Arabidopsis Transporter ABCG37/PDR9 contributes primarily highly oxygenated Coumarins to Root Exudation. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28623273 PMCID: PMC5473935 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03250-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition of root exudates strongly impacts the interactions of plants with microorganisms in the rhizosphere and the efficiency of nutrient acquisition. Exudation of metabolites is in part mediated by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. In order to assess the contribution of individual ABC transporters to root exudation, we performed an LC-MS based non-targeted metabolite profiling of semi-polar metabolites accumulating in root exudates of Arabidopsis thaliana plants and mutants deficient in the expression of ABCG36 (PDR8/PEN3), ABCG37 (PDR9) or both transporters. Comparison of the metabolite profiles indicated distinct roles for each ABC transporter in root exudation. Thymidine exudation could be attributed to ABCG36 function, whereas coumarin exudation was strongly reduced only in ABCG37 deficient plants. However, coumarin exudation was compromised in abcg37 mutants only with respect to certain metabolites of this substance class. The specificity of ABCG37 for individual coumarins was further verified by a targeted LC-MS based coumarin profiling method. The response to iron deficiency, which is known to strongly induce coumarin exudation, was also investigated. In either treatment, the distribution of individual coumarins between roots and exudates in the investigated genotypes suggested the involvement of ABCG37 in the exudation specifically of highly oxygenated rather than monohydroxylated coumarins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Ziegler
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Stephan Schmidt
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nadine Strehmel
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dierk Scheel
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Steffen Abel
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Department of Plant Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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111
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Shukla D, Rinehart CA, Sahi SV. Comprehensive study of excess phosphate response reveals ethylene mediated signaling that negatively regulates plant growth and development. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3074. [PMID: 28596610 PMCID: PMC5465178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03061-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess Phosphorus (P) in agriculture is causing serious environmental problems like eutrophication of lakes and rivers. Unlike the enormous information available for phosphate starvation response (P0), very few information is available for the effect of excess phosphate Pi on plants. Characterization of Excess Phosphate Response (EPiR) is essential for designing strategies to increase phosphate accumulation and tolerance. We show a significant modulation in the root developmental plasticity under the increasing supply of excess Pi. An excess supply of 20 mM Pi (P20) produces a shallow root system architecture (RSA), reduces primary root growth, root apical meristem size, and meristematic activity in Arabidopsis. The inhibition of primary root growth and development is indeterminate in nature and caused by the decrease in number of meristematic cortical cells due to EPiR. Significant changes occurred in metal nutrients level due to excess Pi supply. A comparative microarray investigation of the EPiR response reveals a modulation in ethylene biosynthesis and signaling, metal ions deficiency response, and root development related genes. We used ethylene-insensitive or sensitive mutants to provide more evidence for ethylene-mediated signaling. A new role of EPiR in regulating the developmental responses of plants mediated by ethylene has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Shukla
- Department of Biology, 1906 College Heights, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, 42101-1080, Kentucky, USA.
| | - Claire A Rinehart
- Department of Biology, 1906 College Heights, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, 42101-1080, Kentucky, USA
| | - Shivendra V Sahi
- Department of Biology, 1906 College Heights, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, 42101-1080, Kentucky, USA.
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112
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Heuer S, Gaxiola R, Schilling R, Herrera-Estrella L, López-Arredondo D, Wissuwa M, Delhaize E, Rouached H. Improving phosphorus use efficiency: a complex trait with emerging opportunities. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 90:868-885. [PMID: 27859875 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential nutrients for plants, and is indispensable for plant growth and development. P deficiency severely limits crop yield, and regular fertilizer applications are required to obtain high yields and to prevent soil degradation. To access P from the soil, plants have evolved high- and low-affinity Pi transporters and the ability to induce root architectural changes to forage P. Also, adjustments of numerous cellular processes are triggered by the P starvation response, a tightly regulated process in plants. With the increasing demand for food as a result of a growing population, the demand for P fertilizer is steadily increasing. Given the high costs of fertilizers and in light of the fact that phosphate rock, the source of P fertilizer, is a finite natural resource, there is a need to enhance P fertilizer use efficiency in agricultural systems and to develop plants with enhanced Pi uptake and internal P-use efficiency (PUE). In this review we will provide an overview of continuing relevant research and highlight different approaches towards developing crops with enhanced PUE. In this context, we will summarize our current understanding of root responses to low phosphorus conditions and will emphasize the importance of combining PUE with tolerance of other stresses, such as aluminum toxicity. Of the many genes associated with Pi deficiency, this review will focus on those that hold promise or are already at an advanced stage of testing (OsPSTOL1, AVP1, PHO1 and OsPHT1;6). Finally, an update is provided on the progress made exploring alternative technologies, such as phosphite fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid Heuer
- University of Adelaide / Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics (ACPFG), PMB 1, Glen Osmond, 5064, Australia
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113
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Lee D, Chung PJ, Jeong JS, Jang G, Bang SW, Jung H, Kim YS, Ha S, Choi YD, Kim J. The rice OsNAC6 transcription factor orchestrates multiple molecular mechanisms involving root structural adaptions and nicotianamine biosynthesis for drought tolerance. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2017; 15:754-764. [PMID: 27892643 PMCID: PMC5425393 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Drought has a serious impact on agriculture worldwide. A plant's ability to adapt to rhizosphere drought stress requires reprogramming of root growth and development. Although physiological studies have documented the root adaption for tolerance to the drought stress, underlying molecular mechanisms is still incomplete, which is essential for crop engineering. Here, we identified OsNAC6-mediated root structural adaptations, including increased root number and root diameter, which enhanced drought tolerance. Multiyear drought field tests demonstrated that the grain yield of OsNAC6 root-specific overexpressing transgenic rice lines was less affected by drought stress than were nontransgenic controls. Genome-wide analyses of loss- and gain-of-function mutants revealed that OsNAC6 up-regulates the expression of direct target genes involved in membrane modification, nicotianamine (NA) biosynthesis, glutathione relocation, 3'-phophoadenosine 5'-phosphosulphate accumulation and glycosylation, which represent multiple drought tolerance pathways. Moreover, overexpression of NICOTIANAMINE SYNTHASE genes, direct targets of OsNAC6, promoted the accumulation of the metal chelator NA and, consequently, drought tolerance. Collectively, OsNAC6 orchestrates novel molecular drought tolerance mechanisms and has potential for the biotechnological development of high-yielding crops under water-limiting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐Keun Lee
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Crop Biotechnology Institute/GreenBio Science and TechnologySeoul National UniversityPyeongchangKorea
| | - Pil Joong Chung
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Crop Biotechnology Institute/GreenBio Science and TechnologySeoul National UniversityPyeongchangKorea
| | - Jin Seo Jeong
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Crop Biotechnology Institute/GreenBio Science and TechnologySeoul National UniversityPyeongchangKorea
| | - Geupil Jang
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologySeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Seung Woon Bang
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Crop Biotechnology Institute/GreenBio Science and TechnologySeoul National UniversityPyeongchangKorea
| | - Harin Jung
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Crop Biotechnology Institute/GreenBio Science and TechnologySeoul National UniversityPyeongchangKorea
| | - Youn Shic Kim
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Crop Biotechnology Institute/GreenBio Science and TechnologySeoul National UniversityPyeongchangKorea
| | - Sun‐Hwa Ha
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of BiotechnologyKyung Hee UniversityYonginKorea
| | - Yang Do Choi
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologySeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Ju‐Kon Kim
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Crop Biotechnology Institute/GreenBio Science and TechnologySeoul National UniversityPyeongchangKorea
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114
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Balzergue C, Dartevelle T, Godon C, Laugier E, Meisrimler C, Teulon JM, Creff A, Bissler M, Brouchoud C, Hagège A, Müller J, Chiarenza S, Javot H, Becuwe-Linka N, David P, Péret B, Delannoy E, Thibaud MC, Armengaud J, Abel S, Pellequer JL, Nussaume L, Desnos T. Low phosphate activates STOP1-ALMT1 to rapidly inhibit root cell elongation. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15300. [PMID: 28504266 PMCID: PMC5440667 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental cues profoundly modulate cell proliferation and cell elongation to inform and direct plant growth and development. External phosphate (Pi) limitation inhibits primary root growth in many plant species. However, the underlying Pi sensory mechanisms are unknown. Here we genetically uncouple two Pi sensing pathways in the root apex of Arabidopsis thaliana. First, the rapid inhibition of cell elongation in the transition zone is controlled by transcription factor STOP1, by its direct target, ALMT1, encoding a malate channel, and by ferroxidase LPR1, which together mediate Fe and peroxidase-dependent cell wall stiffening. Second, during the subsequent slow inhibition of cell proliferation in the apical meristem, which is mediated by LPR1-dependent, but largely STOP1–ALMT1-independent, Fe and callose accumulate in the stem cell niche, leading to meristem reduction. Our work uncovers STOP1 and ALMT1 as a signalling pathway of low Pi availability and exuded malate as an unexpected apoplastic inhibitor of root cell wall expansion. Low Pi availability inhibits primary root growth, but the sensory mechanisms are not known. Here the authors uncover a signalling pathway regulating Pi-mediated root growth inhibition in Arabidopsis, involving the transcription factor STOP1, its direct target ALMT1, a malate channel, and ferroxidase LPR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coline Balzergue
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Thibault Dartevelle
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Christian Godon
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Edith Laugier
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Claudia Meisrimler
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Marie Teulon
- CNRS, IBS, Grenoble F-38044, France.,CEA, IBS, Grenoble F-38044, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, IBS, Grenoble F-38044, France
| | - Audrey Creff
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Bissler
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Corinne Brouchoud
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Agnès Hagège
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Service de Biologie et de Toxicologie Nucléaire, Laboratoire d'Etude des Protéines Cibles, 30200 Bagnols sur Cèze, France
| | - Jens Müller
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Serge Chiarenza
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Hélène Javot
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Noëlle Becuwe-Linka
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Pascale David
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Benjamin Péret
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Etienne Delannoy
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Christine Thibaud
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Jean Armengaud
- CEA, DRF, JOLIOT/DMTS/SPI/Li2D, Laboratory 'Innovative Technologies for Detection and Diagnostics', Bagnols-sur-Cèze F-30200, France
| | - Steffen Abel
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Pellequer
- CNRS, IBS, Grenoble F-38044, France.,CEA, IBS, Grenoble F-38044, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, IBS, Grenoble F-38044, France
| | - Laurent Nussaume
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
| | - Thierry Desnos
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnology Aix-Marseille, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance 13108, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7265 Biol. Végét. &Microbiol. Environ., Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.,Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7265, Marseille, France
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115
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Malate-dependent Fe accumulation is a critical checkpoint in the root developmental response to low phosphate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E3563-E3572. [PMID: 28400510 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1701952114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Low phosphate (Pi) availability constrains plant development and seed production in both natural and agricultural ecosystems. When Pi is scarce, modifications of root system architecture (RSA) enhance the soil exploration ability of the plant and lead to an increase in Pi uptake. In Arabidopsis, an iron-dependent mechanism reprograms primary root growth in response to low Pi availability. This program is activated upon contact of the root tip with low-Pi media and induces premature cell differentiation and the arrest of mitotic activity in the root apical meristem, resulting in a short-root phenotype. However, the mechanisms that regulate the primary root response to Pi-limiting conditions remain largely unknown. Here we report on the isolation and characterization of two low-Pi insensitive mutants (lpi5 and lpi6), which have a long-root phenotype when grown in low-Pi media. Cellular, genomic, and transcriptomic analysis of low-Pi insensitive mutants revealed that the genes previously shown to underlie Arabidopsis Al tolerance via root malate exudation, known as SENSITIVE TO PROTON RHIZOTOXICITY (STOP1) and ALUMINUM ACTIVATED MALATE TRANSPORTER 1 (ALMT1), represent a critical checkpoint in the root developmental response to Pi starvation in Arabidopsis thaliana Our results also show that exogenous malate can rescue the long-root phenotype of lpi5 and lpi6 Malate exudation is required for the accumulation of Fe in the apoplast of meristematic cells, triggering the differentiation of meristematic cells in response to Pi deprivation.
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116
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Abstract
Iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P), the latter taken up by plants as phosphate (Pi), are two essential nutrients that determine species distribution and often limit crop yield as a result of their low availability in most soils. Pi-deficient plants improve the interception of Pi by increasing the density of root hairs, thereby expanding the volume of soil to be explored. The increase in root-hair frequency results mainly from attenuated primary root growth, a process that was shown to be dependent on the availability of external Fe. Recent data support a hypothesis in which cell elongation during Pi starvation is tuned by depositing Fe in the apoplast of cortical cells in the root elongation zone. Uptake of Fe under Pi starvation appears to proceed via an alternative, as yet unidentified, route that bypasses the default Fe transporter. Fe deposits acquired through this noncanonical Fe-uptake pathway compromises cell-to-cell communication that is critical for proper morphogenesis of epidermal cells and leads to shorter cells and higher root-hair density. An auxiliary Fe-uptake system might not only be crucial for recalibrating cell elongation in Pi-deficient plants but may also have general importance for growth on Pi- or Fe-poor soils by balancing the Pi and Fe supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Hsuan Tsai
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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117
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Qiu W, Dai J, Wang N, Guo X, Zhang X, Zuo Y. Effects of Fe-deficient conditions on Fe uptake and utilization in P-efficient soybean. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 112:1-8. [PMID: 28012287 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P)-efficient soybean (Glycine max) plants absorb and utilize P with high efficiency. To investigate the effects of iron (Fe)-deficient conditions on the absorption and utilization of Fe in P-efficient soybean plants, two soybean cultivars with different P efficiency, the 03-3 (P-efficient variety) and Bd-2 (P-inefficient variety), were used in this study. The two soybean cultivars were grown in nutrient solution containing Fe concentrations of 0 (Fe0), 20 (Fe20), 40 (Fe40), or 80 (Fe80) μM for 7 days. The Fe reductase activity of roots was higher in 03-3 plants grown under the Fe0, Fe20, and Fe40 treatments than in Bd-2 plants and the total Fe uptake was greater in 03-3 plants under the Fe40 treatment. GmFRD3a was much more highly expressed in the stem of 03-3 than in that of Bd-2, and significantly more iron was transported to 03-3 plant shoots during Fe0 treatment. Chlorosis in young leaves caused by Fe deficiency under the Fe0 and Fe20 treatments was alleviated by increased Fe concentration in shoots. Increased levels of active Fe in young 03-3 leaves under Fe-deprivation conditions (Fe0) and maintenance of stable Fe concentrations in 03-3 shoots subjected to Fe20, Fe40, and Fe80 treatments suggested that the P-efficient 03-3 cultivar is also Fe-efficient. It is suggested that 03-3 soybean cultivar should be a good resource for application to farm field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, Centre for Resource, Environment and Food Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Dai
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, Centre for Resource, Environment and Food Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nanqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, Centre for Resource, Environment and Food Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaotong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, Centre for Resource, Environment and Food Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, Centre for Resource, Environment and Food Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuanmei Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, Centre for Resource, Environment and Food Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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118
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Kavka M, Polle A. Dissecting nutrient-related co-expression networks in phosphate starved poplars. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171958. [PMID: 28222153 PMCID: PMC5319788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant nutrient, but its availability is often limited in soil. Here, we studied changes in the transcriptome and in nutrient element concentrations in leaves and roots of poplars (Populus × canescens) in response to P deficiency. P starvation resulted in decreased concentrations of S and major cations (K, Mg, Ca), in increased concentrations of N, Zn and Al, while C, Fe and Mn were only little affected. In roots and leaves >4,000 and >9,000 genes were differently expressed upon P starvation. These genes clustered in eleven co-expression modules of which seven were correlated with distinct elements in the plant tissues. One module (4.7% of all differentially expressed genes) was strongly correlated with changes in the P concentration in the plant. In this module the GO term "response to P starvation" was enriched with phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinases, phosphatases and pyrophosphatases as well as regulatory domains such as SPX, but no phosphate transporters. The P-related module was also enriched in genes of the functional category "galactolipid synthesis". Galactolipids substitute phospholipids in membranes under P limitation. Two modules, one correlated with C and N and the other with biomass, S and Mg, were connected with the P-related module by co-expression. In these modules GO terms indicating "DNA modification" and "cell division" as well as "defense" and "RNA modification" and "signaling" were enriched; they contained phosphate transporters. Bark storage proteins were among the most strongly upregulated genes in the growth-related module suggesting that N, which could not be used for growth, accumulated in typical storage compounds. In conclusion, weighted gene coexpression network analysis revealed a hierarchical structure of gene clusters, which separated phosphate starvation responses correlated with P tissue concentrations from other gene modules, which most likely represented transcriptional adjustments related to down-stream nutritional changes and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Kavka
- Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Labor für Radio-Isotope, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Polle
- Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Labor für Radio-Isotope, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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119
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Dong J, Piñeros MA, Li X, Yang H, Liu Y, Murphy AS, Kochian LV, Liu D. An Arabidopsis ABC Transporter Mediates Phosphate Deficiency-Induced Remodeling of Root Architecture by Modulating Iron Homeostasis in Roots. MOLECULAR PLANT 2017; 10:244-259. [PMID: 27847325 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The remodeling of root architecture is a major developmental response of plants to phosphate (Pi) deficiency and is thought to enhance a plant's ability to forage for the available Pi in topsoil. The underlying mechanism controlling this response, however, is poorly understood. In this study, we identified an Arabidopsis mutant, hps10 (hypersensitive to Pi starvation 10), which is morphologically normal under Pi sufficient condition but shows increased inhibition of primary root growth and enhanced production of lateral roots under Pi deficiency. hps10 is a previously identified allele (als3-3) of the ALUMINUM SENSITIVE3 (ALS3) gene, which is involved in plant tolerance to aluminum toxicity. Our results show that ALS3 and its interacting protein AtSTAR1 form an ABC transporter complex in the tonoplast. This protein complex mediates a highly electrogenic transport in Xenopus oocytes. Under Pi deficiency, als3 accumulates higher levels of Fe3+ in its roots than the wild type does. In Arabidopsis, LPR1 (LOW PHOSPHATE ROOT1) and LPR2 encode ferroxidases, which when mutated, reduce Fe3+ accumulation in roots and cause root growth to be insensitive to Pi deficiency. Here, we provide compelling evidence showing that ALS3 cooperates with LPR1/2 to regulate Pi deficiency-induced remodeling of root architecture by modulating Fe homeostasis in roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Dong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Miguel A Piñeros
- USDA-ARS, Robert Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14580, USA
| | - Xiaoxuan Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haibing Yang
- Department of Horticulture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010, USA
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Angus S Murphy
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Leon V Kochian
- Global Institute for Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 4J8, Canada
| | - Dong Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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120
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Cao Y, Ai H, Jain A, Wu X, Zhang L, Pei W, Chen A, Xu G, Sun S. Identification and expression analysis of OsLPR family revealed the potential roles of OsLPR3 and 5 in maintaining phosphate homeostasis in rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:210. [PMID: 27716044 PMCID: PMC5048653 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0853-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P), an essential macronutrient, is often limiting in soils and affects plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis thaliana, Low Phosphate Root1 (LPR1) and its close paralog LPR2 encode multicopper oxidases (MCOs). They regulate meristem responses of root system to phosphate (Pi) deficiency. However, the roles of LPR gene family in rice (Oryza sativa) in maintaining Pi homeostasis have not been elucidated as yet. RESULTS Here, the identification and expression analysis for the homologs of LPR1/2 in rice were carried out. Five homologs, hereafter referred to as OsLPR1-5, were identified in rice, which are distributed on chromosome1 over a range of 65 kb. Phylogenetic analysis grouped OsLPR1/3/4/5 and OsLPR2 into two distinct sub-clades with OsLPR3 and 5 showing close proximity. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed higher expression levels of OsLPR3-5 and OsLPR2 in root and shoot, respectively. Deficiencies of different nutrients ie, P, nitrogen (N), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) exerted differential and partially overlapping effects on the relative expression levels of the members of OsLPR family. Pi deficiency (-P) triggered significant increases in the relative expression levels of OsLPR3 and 5. Strong induction in the relative expression levels of OsLPR3 and 5 in osphr2 suggested their negative transcriptional regulation by OsPHR2. Further, the expression levels of OsLPR3 and 5 were either attenuated in ossiz1 and ospho2 or augmented in rice overexpressing OsSPX1. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study provided insights into the evolutionary expansion and a likely functional divergence of OsLPR family with potential roles of OsLPR3 and 5 in the maintenance of Pi homeostasis in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Hao Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Ajay Jain
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Lal Bahadur Shastri Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Xueneng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Wenxia Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Aiqun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Shubin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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121
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Wild M, Davière JM, Regnault T, Sakvarelidze-Achard L, Carrera E, Lopez Diaz I, Cayrel A, Dubeaux G, Vert G, Achard P. Tissue-Specific Regulation of Gibberellin Signaling Fine-Tunes Arabidopsis Iron-Deficiency Responses. Dev Cell 2016; 37:190-200. [PMID: 27093087 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for most living organisms. Plants acquire iron from the rhizosphere and have evolved different biochemical and developmental responses to adapt to a low-iron environment. In Arabidopsis, FIT encodes a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that activates the expression of iron-uptake genes in root epidermis upon iron deficiency. Here, we report that the gibberellin (GA)-signaling DELLA repressors contribute substantially in the adaptive responses to iron-deficient conditions. When iron availability decreases, DELLAs accumulate in the root meristem, thereby restraining root growth, while being progressively excluded from epidermal cells in the root differentiation zone. Such DELLA exclusion from the site of iron acquisition relieves FIT from DELLA-dependent inhibition and therefore promotes iron uptake. Consistent with this mechanism, expression of a non-GA-degradable DELLA mutant protein in root epidermis interferes with iron acquisition. Hence, spatial distribution of DELLAs in roots is essential to fine-tune the adaptive responses to iron availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wild
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357, Associé avec l'Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Michel Davière
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357, Associé avec l'Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas Regnault
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357, Associé avec l'Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lali Sakvarelidze-Achard
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357, Associé avec l'Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Esther Carrera
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC-UPV, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Lopez Diaz
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC-UPV, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Anne Cayrel
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CNRS/CEA/University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Guillaume Dubeaux
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CNRS/CEA/University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Grégory Vert
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CNRS/CEA/University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Patrick Achard
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR2357, Associé avec l'Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
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Bouain N, Doumas P, Rouached H. Recent Advances in Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms Regulating the Root System Response to Phosphate Deficiency in Arabidopsis. Curr Genomics 2016; 17:308-4. [PMID: 27499680 PMCID: PMC4955032 DOI: 10.2174/1389202917666160331201812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development. Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is the major form of P taken up from the soil by plant roots. It is well established that under Pi deficiency condition, plant roots undergo striking morphological changes; mainly a reduction in primary root length while increase in lateral root length as well as root hair length and density. This typical phenotypic change reflects complex interactions with other nutrients such as iron, and involves the activity of a large spectrum of plant hormones. Although, several key proteins involved in the regulation of root growth under Pi-deficiency have been identified in Arabidopsis, how plants adapt roots system architecture in response to Pi availability remains an open question. In the current post-genomic era, state of the art technologies like high-throughput phenotyping and sequencing platforms,"omics" methods, together with the widespread use of system biology and genome-wide association studies will help to elucidate the genetic architectures of root growth on different Pi regimes. It is clear that the large-scale characterization of molecular systems will improve our understanding of nutrient stress phenotype and biology. Herein, we summarize the recent advances and future directions towards a better understanding of Arabidopsis root developmental programs functional under Pi deficiency. Such a progress is necessary to devise strategies to improve the Pi use efficiency in plants that is an important issue for agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bouain
- INRA, UMR Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Campus INRA/SupAgro, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2,France
| | - Patrick Doumas
- INRA, UMR Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Campus INRA/SupAgro, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2,France
| | - Hatem Rouached
- INRA, UMR Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Campus INRA/SupAgro, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2,France
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123
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Liu J, Fu S, Yang L, Luan M, Zhao F, Luan S, Lan W. Vacuolar SPX-MFS transporters are essential for phosphate adaptation in plants. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2016; 11:e1213474. [PMID: 27467463 PMCID: PMC5022419 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2016.1213474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
To survive in most soils in which inorganic phosphate (Pi) levels are limited and constantly changing, plants universally use the vacuoles as cellular Pi "sink" and "source" to maintain Pi homeostasis. However, the transporters that mediate Pi sequestration into the vacuoles remain unknown. Recently, we and other 2 groups independently identified the members of SPS-MSF family as the candidates for tonoplast Pi transporters in Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. We and Liu et al. demonstrated that one of SPS-MSF member, VPT1 (Vacuolar Phosphate Transporter 1), also named as PHT5;1 (Phosphate Transporter 5;1), plays a predominant role in Pi sequestration of vacuoles in Arabidopsis. Here we show that vpt1 mutants and VPT1-GFP overexpressing lines displayed sensitive to Pi stress under the hydroponic system containing the medium with low iron, supporting that VPT1 is essential for Arabidopsis to adapt phosphate stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University–Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaomin Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University–Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University–Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingda Luan
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University–Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fugeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University–Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Luan
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University–Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- CONTACT Sheng Luan ; Wenzhi Lan
| | - Wenzhi Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University–Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- CONTACT Sheng Luan ; Wenzhi Lan
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Velasco VME, Mansbridge J, Bremner S, Carruthers K, Summers PS, Sung WWL, Champigny MJ, Weretilnyk EA. Acclimation of the crucifer Eutrema salsugineum to phosphate limitation is associated with constitutively high expression of phosphate-starvation genes. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:1818-34. [PMID: 27038434 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Eutrema salsugineum, a halophytic relative of Arabidopsis thaliana, was subjected to varying phosphate (Pi) treatments. Arabidopsis seedlings grown on 0.05 mm Pi displayed shortened primary roots, higher lateral root density and reduced shoot biomass allocation relative to those on 0.5 mm Pi, whereas Eutrema seedlings showed no difference in lateral root density and shoot biomass allocation. While a low Fe concentration mitigated the Pi deficiency response for Arabidopsis, Eutrema root architecture was unaltered, but adding NaCl increased Eutrema lateral root density almost 2-fold. Eutrema and Arabidopsis plants grown on soil without added Pi for 4 weeks had low shoot and root Pi content. Pi-deprived, soil-grown Arabidopsis plants were stunted with senescing older leaves, whereas Eutrema plants were visually indistinguishable from 2.5 mm Pi-supplemented plants. Genes associated with Pi starvation were analysed by RT-qPCR. EsIPS2, EsPHT1;4 and EsPAP17 showed up-regulated expression in Pi-deprived Eutrema plants, while EsPHR1, EsWRKY75 and EsRNS1 showed no induction. Absolute quantification of transcripts indicated that PHR1, WRKY75 and RNS1 were expressed at higher levels in Eutrema plants relative to those in Arabidopsis regardless of external Pi. The low phenotypic plasticity Eutrema displays to Pi supply is consistent with adaptation to chronic Pi deprivation in its extreme natural habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Mansbridge
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Samantha Bremner
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | | | - Peter S Summers
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Wilson W L Sung
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Giligan Centre for Research and Learning, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Marc J Champigny
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
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125
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Canton GC, Bertolazi AA, Cogo AJD, Eutrópio FJ, Melo J, de Souza SB, A Krohling C, Campostrini E, da Silva AG, Façanha AR, Sepúlveda N, Cruz C, Ramos AC. Biochemical and ecophysiological responses to manganese stress by ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius and in association with Eucalyptus grandis. MYCORRHIZA 2016; 26:475-487. [PMID: 26861483 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-016-0686-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
At relatively low concentrations, the element manganese (Mn) is essential for plant metabolism, especially for photosynthesis and as an enzyme antioxidant cofactor. However, industrial and agricultural activities have greatly increased Mn concentrations, and thereby contamination, in soils. We tested whether and how growth of Pisolithus tinctorius is influenced by Mn and glucose and compare the activities of oxidative stress enzymes as biochemical markers of Mn stress. We also compared nutrient accumulation, ecophysiology, and biochemical responses in Eucalyptus grandis which had been colonized by the ectomycorrhizal Pisolithus tinctorius with those which had not, when both were exposed to increasing Mn concentrations. In vitro experiments comprised six concentrations of Mn in three concentrations of glucose. In vivo experiments used plants colonized by Pisolithus tinctorius, or not colonized, grown with three concentrations of Mn (0, 200, and 1000 μM). We found that fungal growth and glucose concentration were correlated, but these were not influenced by Mn levels in the medium. The anti-oxidative enzymes catalase and glutathione S-transferase were both activated when the fungus was exposed to Mn. Also, mycorrhizal plants grew more and faster than non-mycorrhizal plants, whatever Mn exposure. Photosynthesis rate, intrinsic water use efficiency, and carboxylation efficiency were all inversely correlated with Mn concentration. Thus, we originally show that the ectomycorrhizal fungus provides protection for its host plants against varying and potentially toxic concentrations of Mn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela C Canton
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Lab, Universidade Vila Velha (UVV), Boa Vista, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-770, Brazil
| | - Amanda A Bertolazi
- Plant Physiology Lab, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Antônio J D Cogo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Frederico Jacob Eutrópio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Juliana Melo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Sávio Bastos de Souza
- Plant Physiology Lab, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Cesar A Krohling
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Eliemar Campostrini
- Plant Physiology Lab, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Ary Gomes da Silva
- Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Lab, Universidade Vila Velha (UVV), Boa Vista, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-770, Brazil
| | - Arnoldo R Façanha
- Plant Physiology Lab, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
- Cell Tissue and Biology Lab, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Nuno Sepúlveda
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, Faculty of Sciences, United Kingdom & Center of Statistics and Applications of University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Cruz
- Center for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (Ce3C), Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alessandro C Ramos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil.
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126
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Nadira UA, Ahmed IM, Zeng J, Wu F, Zhang G. Identification of the differentially accumulated proteins associated with low phosphorus tolerance in a Tibetan wild barley accession. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 198:10-22. [PMID: 27111503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Low phosphorus (LP) in soil is a widely-occurred limiting factor for crop production in the world. In a previous study we identified a highly LP-tolerant Tibetan wild barley accession (XZ99). Here, a comparatively proteomic analysis was conducted using three barley genotypes differing in LP tolerance to reveal the mechanisms underlying the LP tolerance of XZ99. Totally, 31 differentially accumulated proteins were identified in the roots and leaves of the three genotypes using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry. They were involved in the various biological processes, including carbon and energy metabolism, signal transduction, cell growth and division, secondary metabolism, and stress defense. In comparison with XZ100 (LP sensitive) and ZD9 (LP moderately-tolerant), XZ99 had a more developed root system, which is mainly attributed to enhanced carbohydrate metabolizing proteins under LP conditions. The current results showed that Tibetan wild barley XZ99 and cultivated barley cultivar ZD9 differ in the mechanism of LP tolerance. The changes of the proteins associated with carbohydrate metabolism could account for the difference between the LP-tolerant and LP-sensitive genotypes. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of 9 LP responsive proteins were verified by qRT-PCR. The current results may open a new avenue of understanding the LP tolerance in plants on the proteomic basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Aktari Nadira
- Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Imrul Mosaddek Ahmed
- Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianbin Zeng
- Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Feibo Wu
- Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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127
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Salazar-Henao JE, Vélez-Bermúdez IC, Schmidt W. The regulation and plasticity of root hair patterning and morphogenesis. Development 2016; 143:1848-58. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.132845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs are highly specialized cells found in the epidermis of plant roots that play a key role in providing the plant with water and mineral nutrients. Root hairs have been used as a model system for understanding both cell fate determination and the morphogenetic plasticity of cell differentiation. Indeed, many studies have shown that the fate of root epidermal cells, which differentiate into either root hair or non-hair cells, is determined by a complex interplay of intrinsic and extrinsic cues that results in a predictable but highly plastic pattern of epidermal cells that can vary in shape, size and function. Here, we review these studies and discuss recent evidence suggesting that environmental information can be integrated at multiple points in the root hair morphogenetic pathway and affects multifaceted processes at the chromatin, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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128
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Rellán-Álvarez R, Lobet G, Dinneny JR. Environmental Control of Root System Biology. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 67:619-42. [PMID: 26905656 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-043015-111848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The plant root system traverses one of the most complex environments on earth. Understanding how roots support plant life on land requires knowing how soil properties affect the availability of nutrients and water and how roots manipulate the soil environment to optimize acquisition of these resources. Imaging of roots in soil allows the integrated analysis and modeling of environmental interactions occurring at micro- to macroscales. Advances in phenotyping of root systems is driving innovation in cross-platform-compatible methods for data analysis. Root systems acclimate to the environment through architectural changes that act at the root-type level as well as through tissue-specific changes that affect the metabolic needs of the root and the efficiency of nutrient uptake. A molecular understanding of the signaling mechanisms that guide local and systemic signaling is providing insight into the regulatory logic of environmental responses and has identified points where crosstalk between pathways occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Rellán-Álvarez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (Langebio), Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Irapuato, Guanajuato 36821, Mexico;
| | - Guillaume Lobet
- PhytoSYSTEMS, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium;
- Institut für Bio- und Geowissenschaften: Agrosphäre, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - José R Dinneny
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California 94305;
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129
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Hoehenwarter W, Mönchgesang S, Neumann S, Majovsky P, Abel S, Müller J. Comparative expression profiling reveals a role of the root apoplast in local phosphate response. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:106. [PMID: 27121119 PMCID: PMC4849097 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0790-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant adaptation to limited phosphate availability comprises a wide range of responses to conserve and remobilize internal phosphate sources and to enhance phosphate acquisition. Vigorous restructuring of root system architecture provides a developmental strategy for topsoil exploration and phosphate scavenging. Changes in external phosphate availability are locally sensed at root tips and adjust root growth by modulating cell expansion and cell division. The functionally interacting Arabidopsis genes, LOW PHOSPHATE RESPONSE 1 and 2 (LPR1/LPR2) and PHOSPHATE DEFICIENCY RESPONSE 2 (PDR2), are key components of root phosphate sensing. We recently demonstrated that the LOW PHOSPHATE RESPONSE 1 - PHOSPHATE DEFICIENCY RESPONSE 2 (LPR1-PDR2) module mediates apoplastic deposition of ferric iron (Fe(3+)) in the growing root tip during phosphate limitation. Iron deposition coincides with sites of reactive oxygen species generation and triggers cell wall thickening and callose accumulation, which interfere with cell-to-cell communication and inhibit root growth. RESULTS We took advantage of the opposite phosphate-conditional root phenotype of the phosphate deficiency response 2 mutant (hypersensitive) and low phosphate response 1 and 2 double mutant (insensitive) to investigate the phosphate dependent regulation of gene and protein expression in roots using genome-wide transcriptome and proteome analysis. We observed an overrepresentation of genes and proteins that are involved in the regulation of iron homeostasis, cell wall remodeling and reactive oxygen species formation, and we highlight a number of candidate genes with a potential function in root adaptation to limited phosphate availability. Our experiments reveal that FERRIC REDUCTASE DEFECTIVE 3 mediated, apoplastic iron redistribution, but not intracellular iron uptake and iron storage, triggers phosphate-dependent root growth modulation. We further highlight expressional changes of several cell wall-modifying enzymes and provide evidence for adjustment of the pectin network at sites of iron accumulation in the root. CONCLUSION Our study reveals new aspects of the elaborate interplay between phosphate starvation responses and changes in iron homeostasis. The results emphasize the importance of apoplastic iron redistribution to mediate phosphate-dependent root growth adjustment and suggest an important role for citrate in phosphate-dependent apoplastic iron transport. We further demonstrate that root growth modulation correlates with an altered expression of cell wall modifying enzymes and changes in the pectin network of the phosphate-deprived root tip, supporting the hypothesis that pectins are involved in iron binding and/or phosphate mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Hoehenwarter
- Proteome Analytics Research Group, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Susann Mönchgesang
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Steffen Neumann
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Petra Majovsky
- Proteome Analytics Research Group, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Steffen Abel
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jens Müller
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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130
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Ziegler J, Schmidt S, Chutia R, Müller J, Böttcher C, Strehmel N, Scheel D, Abel S. Non-targeted profiling of semi-polar metabolites in Arabidopsis root exudates uncovers a role for coumarin secretion and lignification during the local response to phosphate limitation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:1421-32. [PMID: 26685189 PMCID: PMC4762384 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved two major strategies to cope with phosphate (Pi) limitation. The systemic response, mainly comprising increased Pi uptake and metabolic adjustments for more efficient Pi use, and the local response, enabling plants to explore Pi-rich soil patches by reorganization of the root system architecture. Unlike previous reports, this study focused on root exudation controlled by the local response to Pi deficiency. To approach this, a hydroponic system separating the local and systemic responses was developed. Arabidopsis thaliana genotypes exhibiting distinct sensitivities to Pi deficiency could be clearly distinguished by their root exudate composition as determined by non-targeted reversed-phase ultraperformance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry metabolite profiling. Compared with wild-type plants or insensitive low phosphate root 1 and 2 (lpr1 lpr2) double mutant plants, the hypersensitive phosphate deficiency response 2 (pdr2) mutant exhibited a reduced number of differential features in root exudates after Pi starvation, suggesting the involvement of PDR2-encoded P5-type ATPase in root exudation. Identification and analysis of coumarins revealed common and antagonistic regulatory pathways between Pi and Fe deficiency-induced coumarin secretion. The accumulation of oligolignols in root exudates after Pi deficiency was inversely correlated with Pi starvation-induced lignification at the root tips. The strongest oligolignol accumulation in root exudates was observed for the insensitive lpr1 lpr2 double mutant, which was accompanied by the absence of Pi deficiency-induced lignin deposition, suggesting a role of LPR ferroxidases in lignin polymerization during Pi starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Ziegler
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Stephan Schmidt
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ranju Chutia
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jens Müller
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christoph Böttcher
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nadine Strehmel
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dierk Scheel
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Steffen Abel
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany Department of Plant Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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131
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Li ZK, Dai GZ, Juneau P, Qiu BS. Capsular polysaccharides facilitate enhanced iron acquisition by the colonial cyanobacterium Microcystis sp. isolated from a freshwater lake. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2016; 52:105-115. [PMID: 26987092 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis sp., especially in its colonial form, is a common dominant species during cyanobacterial blooms in many iron-deficient water bodies. It is still not entirely clear, however, how the colonial forms of Microcystis acclimate to iron-deficient habitats, and the responses of unicellular and colonial forms to iron-replete and iron-deficient conditions were examined here. Growth rates and levels of photosynthetic pigments declined to a greater extent in cultures of unicellular Microcystis than in cultures of the colonial form in response to decreasing iron concentrations, resulting in the impaired photosynthetic performance of unicellular Microcystis as compared to colonial forms as measured by variable fluorescence and photosynthetic oxygen evolution. These results indicate that the light-harvesting ability and photosynthetic capacity of colonial Microcystis was less affected by iron deficiency than the unicellular form. The carotenoid contents and nonphotochemical quenching of colonial Microcystis were less reduced than those of the unicellular form under decreasing iron concentrations, indicating that the colonial morphology enhanced photoprotection and acclimation to iron-deficient conditions. Furthermore, large amounts of iron were detected in the capsular polysaccharides (CPS) of the colonies, and more iron was found to be attached to the colonial Microcystis CPS under decreasing iron conditions as compared to unicellular cultures. These results demonstrated that colonial Microcystis can acclimate to iron deficiencies better than the unicellular form, and that CPS plays an important role in their acclimation advantage in iron-deficient waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Ke Li
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Guo-Zheng Dai
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Philippe Juneau
- Department of Biological Sciences-TOXEN, Ecotoxicology of Aquatic Microorganisms Laboratory, Université du Québec à Montréal, CP8888 Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3C 3P8
| | - Bao-Sheng Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
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Saenchai C, Bouain N, Kisko M, Prom-u-thai C, Doumas P, Rouached H. The Involvement of OsPHO1;1 in the Regulation of Iron Transport Through Integration of Phosphate and Zinc Deficiency Signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:396. [PMID: 27092147 PMCID: PMC4821852 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants survival depends on their ability to cope with multiple nutrient stresses that often occur simultaneously, such as the limited availability of essential elements inorganic phosphate (Pi), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe). Previous research has provided information on the genes involved in efforts by plants to maintain homeostasis when a single nutrient (Pi, Zn, or Fe) is depleted. Recent findings on nutritional stress suggest that plant growth capacity is influenced by a complex tripartite interaction between Pi, Zn, and Fe homeostasis. However, despite its importance, how plants integrate multiple nutritional stimuli into complex developmental programs, and which genes are involved in this tripartite (Pi ZnFe) interaction is still not clear. The aim of this study was to examine the physiological and molecular responses of rice (Oriza sativa L.) to a combination of Pi, Zn, and/or Fe deficiency stress conditions. Results showed that Fe deficiency had the most drastic single-nutrient effect on biomass, while the Zn deficiency-effect depended on the presence of Pi in the medium. Interestingly, the observed negative effect of Fe starvation was alleviated by concomitant Pi or PiZn depletion. Members of the OsPHO1 family showed a differential transcriptional regulation in response PiZnFe combinatory stress conditions. Particularly, the transcripts of the OsPHO1;1 sense and its natural antisense cis-NatPHO1;1 showed the highest accumulation under PiZn deficiency. In this condition, the Ospho1;1 mutants showed over-accumulation of Fe in roots compared to wild type plants. These data reveal coordination between pathways involved in Fe transport and PiZn signaling in rice which involves the OsPHO1; 1, and support the hypothesis of a genetic basis for Pi, Zn, and Fe signaling interactions in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chorpet Saenchai
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes Research Unit, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique – Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique – Montpellier UniversityMontpellier, France
- Agronomy Division, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nadia Bouain
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes Research Unit, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique – Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique – Montpellier UniversityMontpellier, France
| | - Mushtak Kisko
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes Research Unit, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique – Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique – Montpellier UniversityMontpellier, France
| | - Chanakan Prom-u-thai
- Agronomy Division, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Patrick Doumas
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes Research Unit, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique – Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique – Montpellier UniversityMontpellier, France
| | - Hatem Rouached
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes Research Unit, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique – Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique – Montpellier UniversityMontpellier, France
- Agronomy Division, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Hatem Rouached,
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133
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Mun G, Jung SH, Ahn A, Lee SS, Choi MY, Kim DH, Kim JY, Jung JH. Fluorescence imaging for Fe3+ in Arabidopsis by using simple naphthalene-based ligands. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09133d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Naphthalene-based probes 1 and 1A were found to dramatically decrease fluorescence upon addition of Fe3+, but not with other metal ions. Furthermore, 1 and 1A displayed high fluorescence quenched-imaging for Fe3+ in Arabidopsis as well as nanofibruous films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyuri Mun
- Department of Chemistry
- Gyeongsang National University
- Jinju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Jung
- Department of Chemistry
- Gyeongsang National University
- Jinju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Ahreum Ahn
- Department of Chemistry
- Gyeongsang National University
- Jinju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Shim Sung Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Gyeongsang National University
- Jinju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Myong Yong Choi
- Department of Chemistry
- Gyeongsang National University
- Jinju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyeon Kim
- Division of Life Science
- Gyeongsang National University
- Jinju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yean Kim
- Division of Life Science
- Gyeongsang National University
- Jinju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hwa Jung
- Department of Chemistry
- Gyeongsang National University
- Jinju
- Republic of Korea
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134
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Avramova V, Sprangers K, Beemster GTS. The Maize Leaf: Another Perspective on Growth Regulation. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 20:787-797. [PMID: 26490722 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana root tip has been a key experimental system to study organ growth regulation. It has clear advantages for genetic, transcriptomic, and cell biological studies that focus on the control of cell division and expansion along its longitudinal axis. However, the system shows some limitations for methods that currently require too much tissue to perform them at subzonal resolution, including quantification of proteins, enzyme activity, hormone, and metabolite levels and cell wall extensibility. By contrast, the larger size of the maize leaf does allow such analyses. Here we highlight exciting new possibilities to advance mechanistic understanding of plant growth regulation by using the maize leaf as a complimentary system to the Arabidopsis root tip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Avramova
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Katrien Sprangers
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gerrit T S Beemster
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
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135
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Lucena C, Romera FJ, García MJ, Alcántara E, Pérez-Vicente R. Ethylene Participates in the Regulation of Fe Deficiency Responses in Strategy I Plants and in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1056. [PMID: 26640474 PMCID: PMC4661236 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is very abundant in most soils but its availability for plants is low, especially in calcareous soils. Plants have been divided into Strategy I and Strategy II species to acquire Fe from soils. Strategy I species apply a reduction-based uptake system which includes all higher plants except the Poaceae. Strategy II species apply a chelation-based uptake system which includes the Poaceae. To cope with Fe deficiency both type of species activate several Fe deficiency responses, mainly in their roots. These responses need to be tightly regulated to avoid Fe toxicity and to conserve energy. Their regulation is not totally understood but some hormones and signaling substances have been implicated. Several years ago it was suggested that ethylene could participate in the regulation of Fe deficiency responses in Strategy I species. In Strategy II species, the role of hormones and signaling substances has been less studied. However, in rice, traditionally considered a Strategy II species but that possesses some characteristics of Strategy I species, it has been recently shown that ethylene can also play a role in the regulation of some of its Fe deficiency responses. Here, we will review and discuss the data supporting a role for ethylene in the regulation of Fe deficiency responses in both Strategy I species and rice. In addition, we will review the data about ethylene and Fe responses related to Strategy II species. We will also discuss the results supporting the action of ethylene through different transduction pathways and its interaction with other signals, such as certain Fe-related repressive signals occurring in the phloem sap. Finally, the possible implication of ethylene in the interactions among Fe deficiency responses and the responses to other nutrient deficiencies in the plant will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Lucena
- Department of Agronomy, University of CórdobaCórdoba, Spain
| | | | - María J. García
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, University of CórdobaCórdoba, Spain
| | | | - Rafael Pérez-Vicente
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, University of CórdobaCórdoba, Spain
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136
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Chen CY, Wu K, Schmidt W. The histone deacetylase HDA19 controls root cell elongation and modulates a subset of phosphate starvation responses in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15708. [PMID: 26508133 PMCID: PMC4623716 DOI: 10.1038/srep15708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The length of root epidermal cells and their patterning into files of hair-bearing and non-hair cells are genetically determined but respond with high plasticity to environmental cues. Limited phyto-availability of the essential mineral nutrient phosphate (Pi) increases the number of root hairs by longitudinal shortening of epidermal cells and by reprogramming the fate of cells in positions normally occupied by non-hair cells. Through analysis of the root morphology and transcriptional profiles from transgenic Arabidopsis lines with altered expression of the histone deacetylase HDA19, we show that in an intricate interplay of Pi availability and intrinsic factors, HDA19 controls the epidermal cell length, probably by altering the positional bias that dictates epidermal patterning. In addition, HDA19 regulates several Pi-responsive genes that encode proteins with important regulatory or metabolic roles in the acclimation to Pi deficiency. In particular, HDA19 affects genes encoding SPX (SYG1/Pho81/XPR) domain-containing proteins and genes involved in membrane lipid remodeling, a key response to Pi starvation that increases the free Pi in plants. Our data add a novel, non-transcriptionally regulated component of the Pi signaling network and emphasize the importance of reversible post-translational histone modification for the integration of external signals into intrinsic developmental and metabolic programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ying Chen
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, and National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Keqiang Wu
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, and National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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137
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Chen CY, Wu K, Schmidt W. The histone deacetylase HDA19 controls root cell elongation and modulates a subset of phosphate starvation responses in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26508133 DOI: 10.1038/%20srep15708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The length of root epidermal cells and their patterning into files of hair-bearing and non-hair cells are genetically determined but respond with high plasticity to environmental cues. Limited phyto-availability of the essential mineral nutrient phosphate (Pi) increases the number of root hairs by longitudinal shortening of epidermal cells and by reprogramming the fate of cells in positions normally occupied by non-hair cells. Through analysis of the root morphology and transcriptional profiles from transgenic Arabidopsis lines with altered expression of the histone deacetylase HDA19, we show that in an intricate interplay of Pi availability and intrinsic factors, HDA19 controls the epidermal cell length, probably by altering the positional bias that dictates epidermal patterning. In addition, HDA19 regulates several Pi-responsive genes that encode proteins with important regulatory or metabolic roles in the acclimation to Pi deficiency. In particular, HDA19 affects genes encoding SPX (SYG1/Pho81/XPR) domain-containing proteins and genes involved in membrane lipid remodeling, a key response to Pi starvation that increases the free Pi in plants. Our data add a novel, non-transcriptionally regulated component of the Pi signaling network and emphasize the importance of reversible post-translational histone modification for the integration of external signals into intrinsic developmental and metabolic programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ying Chen
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, and National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Keqiang Wu
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, and National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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138
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Li W, Lan P. Genome-wide analysis of overlapping genes regulated by iron deficiency and phosphate starvation reveals new interactions in Arabidopsis roots. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:555. [PMID: 26459023 PMCID: PMC4604098 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1524-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) are essential mineral nutrients in plants. Knowledge regarding global changes in the abundance of Fe-responsive genes under Pi deficiency as well as the processes these genes are involved in remains largely unavailable at the genome level. In the current study, we comparatively analyzed RNA sequencing data sets relative to Fe deficiency (NCBI: SRP044814) and Pi starvation (NCBI: SRA050356.1). Results Analysis showed a total of 579 overlapping genes that are responsible for both Fe deficiency and Pi starvation in Arabidopsis roots. A subset of 137 genes had greater than twofold changes in transcript abundant as a result of the treatments. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that the stress-related processes ‘response to salt stress’, ‘response to oxidative stress’, and ‘response to zinc ion’ were enriched in the 579 genes, while Fe response-related processes, including ‘cellular response to nitric oxide’, ‘cellular response to iron ion’, and ‘cellular iron ion homeostasis’, were also enriched in the subset of 137 genes. Co-expression analysis of the 579 genes using the MACCU toolbox yielded a network consisting of 292 nodes (genes). Further analysis revealed that a subset of 90 genes were up-regulated under Fe shortage, but down-regulated under Pi starvation. GO analysis in this group of genes revealed an increased cellular response to iron ion/nitric oxide/ethylene stimuli. Promoter analysis was performed in 35 of the 90 genes with a 1.5-fold or greater change in abundance, showing that 12 genes contained the PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE1-binding GNATATNC cis-element within their promoter regions. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the decreased abundance of Fe acquisition genes under Pi deficiency exclusively relied on Fe concentration in Pi-deficient media. Conclusions Comprehensive analysis of the overlapping genes derived from Fe deficiency and Pi starvation provides more information to understand the link between Pi and Fe homeostasis. Gene clustering and root-specific co-expression analysis revealed several potentially important genes which likely function as putative novel players in response to Fe and Pi deficiency or in cross-talk between Fe-deficient responses and Pi-deficient signaling. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1524-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ping Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
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139
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Song L, Liu D. Ethylene and plant responses to phosphate deficiency. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:796. [PMID: 26483813 PMCID: PMC4586416 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development. Phosphate (Pi), the major form of phosphorus that plants take up through roots, however, is limited in most soils. To cope with Pi deficiency, plants activate an array of adaptive responses to reprioritize internal Pi use and enhance external Pi acquisition. These responses are modulated by sophisticated regulatory networks through both local and systemic signaling, but the signaling mechanisms are poorly understood. Early studies suggested that the phytohormone ethylene plays a key role in Pi deficiency-induced remodeling of root system architecture. Recently, ethylene was also shown to be involved in the regulation of other signature responses of plants to Pi deficiency. In this article, we review how researchers have used pharmacological and genetic approaches to dissect the roles of ethylene in regulating Pi deficiency-induced developmental and physiological changes. The interactions between ethylene and other signaling molecules, such as sucrose, auxin, and microRNA399, in the control of plant Pi responses are also examined. Finally, we provide a perspective for the future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dong Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, BeijingChina
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140
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Niu Y, Jin G, Li X, Tang C, Zhang Y, Liang Y, Yu J. Phosphorus and magnesium interactively modulate the elongation and directional growth of primary roots in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:3841-54. [PMID: 25922494 PMCID: PMC4473981 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A balanced supply of essential nutrients is an important factor influencing root architecture in many plants, yet data related to the interactive effects of two nutrients on root growth are limited. Here, we investigated the interactive effect between phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) on root growth of Arabidopsis grown in pH-buffered agar medium at different P and Mg levels. The results showed that elongation and deviation of primary roots were directly correlated with the amount of P added to the medium but could be modified by the Mg level, which was related to the root meristem activity and stem-cell division. High P enhanced while low P decreased the tip-focused fluorescence signal of auxin biosynthesis, transport, and redistribution during elongation of primary roots; these effects were greater under low Mg than under high Mg. The altered root growth in response to P and Mg supply was correlated with AUX1, PIN2, and PIN3 mRNA abundance and expression and the accumulation of the protein. Application of either auxin influx inhibitor or efflux inhibitor inhibited the elongation and increased the deviation angle of primary roots, and decreased auxin level in root tips. Furthermore, the auxin-transport mutants aux1-22 and eir1-1 displayed reduced root growth and increased the deviation angle. Our data suggest a profound effect of the combined supply of P and Mg on the development of root morphology in Arabidopsis through auxin signals that modulate the elongation and directional growth of primary root and the expression of root differentiation and development genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaofang Niu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Gulei Jin
- College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310008, PR China
| | - Caixian Tang
- Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Yongsong Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yongchao Liang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
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141
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Müller J, Toev T, Heisters M, Teller J, Moore K, Hause G, Dinesh D, Bürstenbinder K, Abel S. Iron-Dependent Callose Deposition Adjusts Root Meristem Maintenance to Phosphate Availability. Dev Cell 2015; 33:216-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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142
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Stetter MG, Schmid K, Ludewig U. Uncovering genes and ploidy involved in the high diversity in root hair density, length and response to local scarce phosphate in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120604. [PMID: 25781967 PMCID: PMC4364354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant root hairs increase the root surface to enhance the uptake of sparingly soluble and immobile nutrients, such as the essential nutrient phosphorus, from the soil. Here, root hair traits and the response to scarce local phosphorus concentration were studied in 166 accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana using split plates. Root hair density and length were correlated, but highly variable among accessions. Surprisingly, the well-known increase in root hair density under low phosphorus was mostly restricted to genotypes that had less and shorter root hairs under P sufficient conditions. By contrast, several accessions with dense and long root hairs even had lower hair density or shorter hairs in local scarce phosphorus. Furthermore, accessions with whole-genome duplications developed more dense but phosphorus-insensitive root hairs. The impact of genome duplication on root hair density was confirmed by comparing tetraploid accessions with their diploid ancestors. Genome-wide association mapping identified candidate genes potentially involved in root hair responses tp scarce local phosphate. Knock-out mutants in identified candidate genes (CYR1, At1g32360 and RLP48) were isolated and differences in root hair traits in the mutants were confirmed. The large diversity in root hair traits among accessions and the diverse response when local phosphorus is scarce is a rich resource for further functional analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus G. Stetter
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 20, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 21, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Karl Schmid
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 21, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Uwe Ludewig
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 20, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
- * E-mail:
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143
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Ruiz Herrera LF, Shane MW, López-Bucio J. Nutritional regulation of root development. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2015; 4:431-43. [PMID: 25760021 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mineral nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and iron (Fe) are essential for plant growth, development, and reproduction. Adequate provision of nutrients via the root system impacts greatly on shoot biomass and plant productivity and is therefore of crucial importance for agriculture. Nutrients are taken up at the root surface in ionic form, which is mediated by specific transport proteins. Noteworthy, root tips are able to sense the local and internal concentrations of nutrients to adjust growth and developmental processes, and ultimately, to increase or decrease the exploratory capacity of the root system. Recently, important progress has been achieved in identifying the mechanisms of nutrient sensing in wild- and cultivated species, including Arabidopsis, bean, maize, rice, lupin as well as in members of the Proteaceae and Cyperaceae families, which develop highly sophisticated root clusters as adaptations to survive in soils with very low fertility. Major findings include identification of transporter proteins and transcription factors regulating nutrient sensing, miRNAs as mobile signals and peptides as repressors of lateral root development under heterogeneous nutrient supply. Understanding the roles played by N, P, and Fe in gene expression and biochemical characterization of proteins involved in root developmental responses to homogeneous or heterogeneous N and P sources has gained additional interest due to its potential for improving fertilizer acquisition efficiency in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- León Francisco Ruiz Herrera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio A-1', Ciudad Universitaria Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Michael W Shane
- School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - José López-Bucio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio A-1', Ciudad Universitaria Morelia, Michoacán, México
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144
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Rai V, Sanagala R, Sinilal B, Yadav S, Sarkar AK, Dantu PK, Jain A. Iron Availability Affects Phosphate Deficiency-Mediated Responses, and Evidence of Cross-Talk with Auxin and Zinc in Arabidopsis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 56:1107-23. [DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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145
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Reyt G, Boudouf S, Boucherez J, Gaymard F, Briat JF. Iron- and ferritin-dependent reactive oxygen species distribution: impact on Arabidopsis root system architecture. MOLECULAR PLANT 2015; 8:439-53. [PMID: 25624148 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) homeostasis is integrated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and distribution at the root tip participates in the control of root growth. Excess Fe increases ferritin abundance, enabling the storage of Fe, which contributes to protection of plants against Fe-induced oxidative stress. AtFer1 and AtFer3 are the two ferritin genes expressed in the meristematic zone, pericycle and endodermis of the Arabidopsis thaliana root, and it is in these regions that we observe Fe stained dots. This staining disappears in the triple fer1-3-4 ferritin mutant. Fe excess decreases primary root length in the same way in wild-type and in fer1-3-4 mutant. In contrast, the Fe-mediated decrease of lateral root (LR) length and density is enhanced in fer1-3-4 plants due to a defect in LR emergence. We observe that this interaction between excess Fe, ferritin, and root system architecture (RSA) is in part mediated by the H2O2/O2·- balance between the root cell proliferation and differentiation zones regulated by the UPB1 transcription factor. Meristem size is also decreased in response to Fe excess in ferritin mutant plants, implicating cell cycle arrest mediated by the ROS-activated SMR5/SMR7 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors pathway in the interaction between Fe and RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilhem Reyt
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Montpellier 2, SupAgro. Bat 7, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
| | - Soukaina Boudouf
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Montpellier 2, SupAgro. Bat 7, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
| | - Jossia Boucherez
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Montpellier 2, SupAgro. Bat 7, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
| | - Frédéric Gaymard
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Montpellier 2, SupAgro. Bat 7, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
| | - Jean-Francois Briat
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Montpellier 2, SupAgro. Bat 7, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France.
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146
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Guo Y, Zhu C, Gan L, Ng D, Xia K. Effects of exogenous gibberellic acid3 on iron and manganese plaque amounts and iron and manganese uptake in rice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118177. [PMID: 25710173 PMCID: PMC4339979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gibberellins (GA) regulate various components of plant development. Iron and Mn plaque result from oxiding and hydroxiding Fe and Mn, respectively, on the roots of aquatic plant species such as rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, we found that exogenous gibberellic acid3 (GA3) spray decreased Fe plaque, but increased Mn plaque, with applications of Kimura B nutrient solution. Similar effects from GA3, leading to reduced Fe plaque and increased Mn plaque, were also found by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometric microanalysis. Reduced Fe plaque was observed after applying GA3 to the groups containing added Fe2+ (17 and 42 mg•L(-1)) and an increasing trend was detected in Mn plaques of the Mn2+ (34 and 84 mg•L(-1)) added treatments. In contrast, an inhibitor of GA3, uniconazole, reversed the effects of GA3. The uptake of Fe or Mn in rice plants was enhanced after GA3 application and Fe or Mn plaque production. Strong synergetic effects of GA3 application on Fe plaque production were detected. However, no synergetic effects on Mn plaque production were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Changhua Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lijun Gan
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Denny Ng
- CP Bio, Inc., 4802 Murrieta St., Chino, California, 91710, United States of America
| | - Kai Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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147
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Panhwar QA, Naher UA, Radziah O, Shamshuddin J, Razi IM. Eliminating aluminum toxicity in an acid sulfate soil for rice cultivation using plant growth promoting bacteria. Molecules 2015; 20:3628-46. [PMID: 25710843 PMCID: PMC6272752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20033628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum toxicity is widely considered as the most important limiting factor for plants growing in acid sulfate soils. A study was conducted in laboratory and in field to ameliorate Al toxicity using plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), ground magnesium limestone (GML) and ground basalt. Five-day-old rice seedlings were inoculated by Bacillus sp., Stenotrophomonas maltophila, Burkholderia thailandensis and Burkholderia seminalis and grown for 21 days in Hoagland solution (pH 4.0) at various Al concentrations (0, 50 and 100 μM). Toxicity symptoms in root and leaf were studied using scanning electron microscope. In the field, biofertilizer (PGPB), GML and basalt were applied (4 t·ha-1 each). Results showed that Al severely affected the growth of rice. At high concentrations, the root surface was ruptured, leading to cell collapse; however, no damages were observed in the PGPB inoculated seedlings. After 21 days of inoculation, solution pH increased to >6.0, while the control treatment remained same. Field study showed that the highest rice growth and yield were obtained in the bio-fertilizer and GML treatments. This study showed that Al toxicity was reduced by PGPB via production of organic acids that were able to chelate the Al and the production of polysaccharides that increased solution pH. The release of phytohormones further enhanced rice growth that resulted in yield increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qurban Ali Panhwar
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
- Soil Chemistry Section, Agricultural Research Institute, Tandojam 70060, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Umme Aminun Naher
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
- Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Othman Radziah
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Jusop Shamshuddin
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Ismail Mohd Razi
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
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148
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Satbhai SB, Ristova D, Busch W. Underground tuning: quantitative regulation of root growth. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:1099-112. [PMID: 25628329 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants display a high degree of phenotypic plasticity that allows them to tune their form and function to changing environments. The plant root system has evolved mechanisms to anchor the plant and to efficiently explore soils to forage for soil resources. Key to this is an enormous capacity for plasticity of multiple traits that shape the distribution of roots in the soil. Such root system architecture-related traits are determined by root growth rates, root growth direction, and root branching. In this review, we describe how the root system is constituted, and which mechanisms, pathways, and genes mainly regulate plasticity of the root system in response to environmental variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh B Satbhai
- Gregor Mendel Institute (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Dr Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Ristova
- Gregor Mendel Institute (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Dr Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Busch
- Gregor Mendel Institute (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocentre (VBC), Dr Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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149
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Wada Y, Kusano H, Tsuge T, Aoyama T. Phosphatidylinositol phosphate 5-kinase genes respond to phosphate deficiency for root hair elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 81:426-37. [PMID: 25477067 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants drastically alter their root system architecture to adapt to different underground growth conditions. During phosphate (Pi) deficiency, most plants including Arabidopsis thaliana enhance the development of lateral roots and root hairs, resulting in bushy and hairy roots. To elucidate the signal pathway specific for the root hair elongation response to Pi deficiency, we investigated the expression of type-B phosphatidylinositol phosphate 5-kinase (PIP5K) genes, as a quantitative factor for root hair elongation in Arabidopsis. At young seedling stages, the PIP5K3 and PIP5K4 genes responded to Pi deficiency in steady-state transcript levels via PHR1-binding sequences (P1BSs) in their upstream regions. Both pip5k3 and pip5k4 single mutants, which exhibit short-root-hair phenotypes, remained responsive to Pi deficiency for root hair elongation; however the pip5k3pip5k4 double mutant exhibited shorter root hairs than the single mutants, and lost responsiveness to Pi deficiency at young seedling stages. In the tactical complementation line in which modified PIP5K3 and PIP5K4 genes with base substitutions in their P1BSs were co-introduced into the double mutant, root hairs of young seedlings had normal lengths under Pi-sufficient conditions, but were not responsive to Pi deficiency. From these results, we conclude that a Pi-deficiency signal is transferred to the pathway for root hair elongation via the PIP5K genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukika Wada
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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150
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Neumann G. The Role of Ethylene in Plant Adaptations for Phosphate Acquisition in Soils - A Review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1224. [PMID: 26834759 PMCID: PMC4718997 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Although a role of ethylene in the regulation of senescence and plant stress responses in general has a long history, a possible involvement in the regulation of adaptive responses to nutrient deficiencies has been mainly investigated since the last two decades. In the case of plant responses to phosphate (Pi) starvation, ethylene was identified as a modulator of adaptive responses in root growth and morphology. The molecular base of these adaptations has been elucidated in supplementation studies with ethylene precursors and antagonists, as well as analysis of mutants and transgenic plants with modified ethylene biosynthesis and responsiveness, using mainly Arabidopsis thaliana as a model plant. However, increasing evidence suggests that apart from root growth responses, ethylene may be involved in various additional plant adaptations to Pi limitation including Pi mobilization in the rhizosphere, Pi uptake and internal Pi recycling. The ethylene-mediated responses are frequently characterized by high genotypic variability and may partially share common pathways in different nutrient limitations.
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