151
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Evans ST, Jani Y, Jansen CS, Yildirim A, Kalemoglu E, Bilen MA. Understanding and overcoming resistance to immunotherapy in genitourinary cancers. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2342599. [PMID: 38629578 PMCID: PMC11028033 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2342599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The introduction of novel immunotherapies has significantly transformed the treatment landscape of genitourinary (GU) cancers, even becoming the standard of care in some settings. One such type of immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) like nivolumab, ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, and atezolizumab play a pivotal role by disturbing signaling pathways that limit the immune system's ability to fight tumor cells. Despite the profound impact of these treatments, not all tumors are responsive. Recent research efforts have been focused on understanding how cancer cells manage to evade the immune response and identifying the possible mechanisms behind resistance to immunotherapy. In response, ICIs are being combined with other treatments to reduce resistance and attack cancer cells through multiple cellular pathways. Additionally, novel, targeted strategies are currently being investigated to develop innovative methods of overcoming resistance and treatment failure. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance in GU cancers as currently described in the literature. It explores studies that have identified genetic markers, cytokines, and proteins that may predict resistance or response to immunotherapy. Additionally, we review current efforts to overcome this resistance, which include combination ICIs and sequential therapies, novel insights into the host immune profile, and new targeted therapies. Various approaches that combine immunotherapy with chemotherapy, targeted therapy, vaccines, and radiation have been studied in an effort to more effectively overcome resistance to immunotherapy. While each of these combination therapies has shown some efficacy in clinical trials, a deeper understanding of the immune system's role underscores the potential of novel targeted therapies as a particularly promising area of current research. Currently, several targeted agents are in development, along with the identification of key immune mediators involved in immunotherapy resistance. Further research is necessary to identify predictors of response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T Evans
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yash Jani
- Undergraduate studies, Mercer University, Macon, GA, USA
| | - Caroline S Jansen
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Genitourinary Medical Oncology Program, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ahmet Yildirim
- Genitourinary Medical Oncology Program, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ecem Kalemoglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Basic Oncology, Health Institute of Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Asim Bilen
- Genitourinary Medical Oncology Program, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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152
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Al-Osaimi HM, Kanan M, Marghlani L, Al-Rowaili B, Albalawi R, Saad A, Alasmari S, Althobaiti K, Alhulaili Z, Alanzi A, Alqarni R, Alsofiyani R, Shrwani R. A systematic review on malaria and dengue vaccines for the effective management of these mosquito borne diseases: Improving public health. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2337985. [PMID: 38602074 PMCID: PMC11017952 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2337985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Insect vector-borne diseases (VBDs) pose significant global health challenges, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. The WHO has launched the "Global Vector Control Response (GVCR) 2017-2030" to address these diseases, emphasizing a comprehensive approach to vector control. This systematic review investigates the potential of malaria and dengue vaccines in controlling mosquito-borne VBDs, aiming to alleviate disease burdens and enhance public health. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, the review incorporated 39 new studies out of 934 identified records. It encompasses various studies assessing malaria and dengue vaccines, emphasizing the significance of vaccination as a preventive measure. The findings indicate variations in vaccine efficacy, duration of protection, and safety considerations for each disease, influencing public health strategies. The review underscores the urgent need for vaccines to combat the increasing burden of VBDs like malaria and dengue, advocating for ongoing research and investment in vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind M. Al-Osaimi
- Department of Pharmacy Services Administration, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Kanan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Lujain Marghlani
- Department of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Badria Al-Rowaili
- Pharmaceutical Services Department, Northern Area Armed Forces Hospital, King Khalid Military, Hafr Al Batin, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Albalawi
- Department of Medicine, Tabuk University, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar Saad
- Pharmacy Department, Royal Commission Hospital, Yanbu, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saba Alasmari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Althobaiti
- Department of Medicine, Taif University, Ta’if, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Alhulaili
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Dammam Medical Complex, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Alanzi
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan Alqarni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Razan Alsofiyani
- Department of Medicine, Taif University, Ta’if, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Shrwani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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153
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García A, Vallejo-Aparicio LA, Cambronero Martinez R. The public health impact of recombinant herpes zoster vaccination in adults over 50 years in Spain. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2366353. [PMID: 38925145 PMCID: PMC11210909 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2366353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) is included in the Spanish National Immunisation Programme for adults 65 years of age (years), with a potential progressive catch-up program for adults 66-80 years, starting with 80 years. However, the risk of herpes zoster (HZ) increases significantly from 50 years. We estimated the public health impact (PHI) of vaccinating adults ≥50 years in Spain versus no vaccination, using a Markov model adapted to the Spanish setting. The model simulated a hypothetical ≥50 years cohort over a lifetime, with inputs from Spanish publications, databases, or publications from other countries where Spanish data were unavailable. Base case inputs included 67.7% RZV coverage and 61.1% second dose compliance. Outputs included clinical outcomes avoided, healthcare resource use avoided, and number-needed-to-vaccinate (NNV) to prevent one HZ case. Deterministic (DSA) and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA) were also conducted. The model estimated that, compared with no vaccination, vaccinating adults ≥50 years in Spain (N = 19,850,213) with RZV could prevent 1,533,353 HZ cases, 261,610 postherpetic neuralgia episodes, 274,159 other complications, and 138 deaths through the cohorts' remaining lifetime, mostly in the 50-59 years cohort. Furthermore, 3,500,492 primary care visits and 71,156 hospitalizations could be avoided, with NNV = 9 to prevent one HZ case. DSA predicted NNV = 7 to prevent one HZ case when second dose compliance was increased to 100%. PSA demonstrated ≥200,000 and ≥1,400,000 cases could be prevented in 86.9% and 18.4% of simulations, respectively. Starting RZV from 50 years could therefore prevent a substantial number of HZ cases and complications. Increasing RZV coverage and second dose compliance could further alleviate PHI of HZ.
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154
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Mihaylova NM, Manoylov IK, Nikolova MH, Prechl J, Tchorbanov AI. DNA and protein-generated chimeric molecules for delivery of influenza viral epitopes in mouse and humanized NSG transfer models. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2292381. [PMID: 38193304 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2292381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Purified subunit viral antigens are weakly immunogenic and stimulate only the antibody but not the T cell-mediated immune response. An alternative approach to inducing protective immunity with small viral peptides may be the targeting of viral epitopes to immunocompetent cells by DNA and protein-engineered vaccines. This review will focus on DNA and protein-generated chimeric molecules carrying engineered fragments specific for activating cell surface co-receptors for inducing protective antiviral immunity. Adjuvanted protein-based vaccine or DNA constructs encoding simultaneously T- and B-cell peptide epitopes from influenza viral hemagglutinin, and scFvs specific for costimulatory immune cell receptors may induce a significant increase of anti-influenza antibody levels and strong CTL activity against virus-infected cells in a manner that mimics the natural infection. Here we summarize the development of several DNA and protein chimeric constructs carrying influenza virus HA317-41 fragment. The generated engineered molecules were used for immunization in intact murine and experimentally humanized NSG mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina M Mihaylova
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iliyan K Manoylov
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maria H Nikolova
- National Reference Laboratory of Immunology, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Andrey I Tchorbanov
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
- National Institute of Immunology, Sofia, Bulgaria
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155
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Miao Y, Bai J, Shen Z, Li Y, Zhang W, Zhu D, Ren R, Zhang J, Guo D, Tarimo CS, Dong W, Liu R, Zhao Q, Hu J, Li M, Wei W. How urban versus rural population relates to COVID-19 booster vaccine hesitancy: A propensity score matching design study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2297490. [PMID: 38214317 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2297490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the vaccine hesitancy has significantly affected the vaccination. To evaluate the booster vaccine hesitancy and its influencing factors among urban and rural residents, as well as to estimate the net difference of booster vaccine hesitancy between urban and rural residents. We conducted a nationwide, cross-sectional Internet survey on 1-8 February 2023, and employed stratified random sampling technique to select participants (≥18 years old) from urban and rural areas. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the factors impacting booster vaccine hesitancy. Propensity Score Matching was used to estimate the net difference of COVID-19 booster vaccine hesitancy between urban and rural residents. The overall COVID-19 booster vaccine hesitancy rate of residents was 28.43%. The COVID-19 booster vaccine hesitancy rate among urban residents was found to be 34.70%, among rural residents was 20.25%. Chronic diseases, infection status, vaccination benefits, and trust in vaccine developers were associated with booster vaccine hesitancy among urban residents. Barriers of vaccination were associated with booster vaccine hesitancy among rural residents. PSM analysis showed that the urban residents have a higher booster vaccine hesitancy rate than rural residents, with a net difference of 6.20%. The vaccine hesitancy rate increased significantly, and the urban residents have a higher COVID-19 booster vaccine hesitancy than rural residents. It becomes crucial to enhance the dissemination of information regarding the advantages of vaccination and foster greater trust among urban residents toward the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Miao
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junwen Bai
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhanlei Shen
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wanliang Zhang
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dongfang Zhu
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute for Hospital Management of Henan Province, Henan, China
| | - Ruizhe Ren
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jingbao Zhang
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Clifford Silver Tarimo
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Science and Laboratory Technology, Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Wenyong Dong
- Department of Hypertension, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rongmei Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory for Health Management of Chronic Diseases, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiuping Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory for Health Management of Chronic Diseases, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jianping Hu
- Henan Engineering technology Research Center for Health Big Data Governance, Henan Medical Communication and Project Forward Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Miaojun Li
- Henan Engineering technology Research Center for Health Big Data Governance, Henan Medical Communication and Project Forward Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan Provincial People's Hospital & the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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156
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Jaros S, Beck Dallaghan G. Medical education research study quality instrument: an objective instrument susceptible to subjectivity. MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 2024; 29:2308359. [PMID: 38266115 PMCID: PMC10810632 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2308359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The medical education research study quality instrument (MERSQI) was designed to appraise medical education research quality based on study design criteria. As with many such tools, application of the results may have unintended consequences. This study applied the MERSQI to published medical education research identified in a bibliometric analysis. METHODS A bibliometric analysis identified highly cited articles in medical education that two authors independently evaluated using the MERSQI. After screening duplicate or non-research articles, the authors reviewed 21 articles with the quality instrument. Initially, five articles were reviewed independently and results were compared to ensure agreed upon understanding of the instrument items. The remainder of the articles were independently reviewed. Overall scores for the articles were analyzed with a paired samples t-test and individual item ratings were analyzed for inter-rater reliability. RESULTS There was a significant difference in mean MERSQI score between reviewers. Inter-rater reliability for MERSQI items labeled response rate, validity and outcomes were considered unacceptable. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results there is evidence that MERSQI items can be significantly influenced by interpretation, which lead to a difference in scoring. The MERSQI is a useful guide for identifying research methodologies. However, it should not be used to make judgments on the overall quality of medical education research methodology in its current format. The authors make specific recommendations for how the instrument could be revised for greater clarity and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Jaros
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gary Beck Dallaghan
- Department of Medical Education, University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX, USA
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157
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Lehrich BM, Delgado ER. Lipid Nanovesicle Platforms for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Precision Medicine Therapeutics: Progress and Perspectives. Organogenesis 2024; 20:2313696. [PMID: 38357804 PMCID: PMC10878025 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2024.2313696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality globally. HCC is highly heterogenous with diverse etiologies leading to different driver mutations potentiating unique tumor immune microenvironments. Current therapeutic options, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and combinations, have achieved limited objective response rates for the majority of patients. Thus, a precision medicine approach is needed to tailor specific treatment options for molecular subsets of HCC patients. Lipid nanovesicle platforms, either liposome- (synthetic) or extracellular vesicle (natural)-derived present are improved drug delivery vehicles which may be modified to contain specific cargos for targeting specific tumor sites, with a natural affinity for liver with limited toxicity. This mini-review provides updates on the applications of novel lipid nanovesicle-based therapeutics for HCC precision medicine and the challenges associated with translating this therapeutic subclass from preclinical models to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M. Lehrich
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Evan R. Delgado
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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158
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Chow EP, Fairley CK, Atkinson S, Bradshaw CS, Chen MY. Validation of self-reported human papillomavirus vaccination in young adult men who have sex with men. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2371179. [PMID: 38972858 PMCID: PMC11229729 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2371179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The Victorian Government introduced a time-limited human papillomavirus (HPV) catch-up program for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) aged ≤ 26 years in 2017-2019. We conducted a retrospective observational study to examine the accuracy of the self-report of HPV vaccination status using computer-assisted self-interviewing versus their immunization history via electronic health records. We included GBMSM aged 23-30 years visiting the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC) in 2020-2021 because they were age-eligible for the HPV catch-up program in Victoria, Australia. Individuals who were unsure about their vaccination status were categorized as 'unvaccinated'. Of the 1,786 eligible men, 1,665 men self-reported their HPV vaccination status: 48.8% (n = 812) vaccinated, 17.4% (n = 289) unvaccinated, and 33.9% (n = 564) unsure. Self-reported HPV vaccination had a sensitivity of 61.3% (95%CI: 58.3 to 64.2%; 661/1079), a specificity of 74.2% (95%CI: 70.5 to 77.7%; 435/586), a positive predictive value of 81.4% (95%CI: 78.6 to 84.0%; 661/812), a negative predictive value of 51.0% (95%CI: 47.6 to 54.4%; 435/853), and an accuracy of 52.6% (95%CI: 50.1 to 55.0%). Our results showed that only half of GBMSM know and report their HPV vaccination status correctly. Novel approaches such as digital vaccine passports may be useful for individuals to accurately report their vaccination status to guide accurate clinical decisions and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P.F. Chow
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christopher K. Fairley
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sidney Atkinson
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Catriona S Bradshaw
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marcus Y. Chen
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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159
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Yu L, Xu C, Zhang M, Zhou Y, Hu Z, Li L, Li Y, Tian J, Xu M. Top 100 cited research on COVID-19 vaccines: A bibliometric analysis and evidence mapping. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2370605. [PMID: 38977415 PMCID: PMC11232646 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2370605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of the COVID-19 has seriously affected the whole society, and vaccines were the most effective means to contain the epidemic. This paper aims to determine the top 100 articles cited most frequently in COVID-19 vaccines and to analyze the research status and hot spots in this field through bibliometrics, to provide a reference for future research. We conducted a comprehensive search of the Web of Science Core Collection database on November 29, 2023, and identified the top 100 articles by ranking them from highest to lowest citation frequency. In addition, we analyzed the year of publication, citation, author, country, institution, journal, and keywords with Microsoft Excel 2019 and VOSviewer 1.6.18. Research focused on vaccine immunogenicity and safety, vaccine hesitancy, and vaccination intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Yu
- Child Rehabilitation Department, Gansu Rehabilitation Center Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Caihua Xu
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yongjia Zhou
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhiruo Hu
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lin Li
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yiyi Li
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jinhui Tian
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mingli Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu Health Vocational College, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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160
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Zhao X, Ma C, Li L, Yang Y, Zhang S, Wang X. Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells Ameliorate Adriamycin-Induced Nephropathy by Promoting Angiogenesis. Organogenesis 2024; 20:2356339. [PMID: 38796830 PMCID: PMC11135856 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2024.2356339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This study is to investigate the therapeutical effect and mechanisms of human-derived adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC) in relieving adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy (AN). SD rats were separated into normal group, ADR group, ADR+Losartan group (20 mg/kg), and ADR + ADSC group. AN rats were induced by intravenous injection with adriamycin (8 mg/kg), and 4 d later, ADSC (2 × 105 cells/mouse) were administrated twice with 2 weeks interval time (i.v.). The rats were euthanized after the 6 weeks' treatment. Biochemical indicators reflecting renal injury, such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), neutrophil gelatinase alpha (NGAL), serum creatinine (Scr), inflammation, oxidative stress, and pro-fibrosis molecules, were evaluated. Results demonstrated that we obtained high qualified ADSCs for treatment determined by flow cytometry, and ADSCs treatment significantly ameliorated renal injuries in DN rats by decreasing BUN, Scr and NGAL in peripheral blood, as well as renal histopathological injuries, especially protecting the integrity of podocytes by immunofluorescence. Furthermore, ADSCs treatment also remarkably reduced the renal inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis in DN rats. Preliminary mechanism study suggested that the ADSCs treatment significantly increased renal neovascularization via enhancing proangiogenic VEGF production. Pharmacodynamics study using in vivo imaging confirmed that ADSCs via intravenous injection could accumulate into the kidneys and be alive at least 2 weeks. In a conclusion, ADSC can significantly alleviate ADR-induced nephropathy, and mainly through reducing oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis, as well as enhancing VEGF production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Zhao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chengyan Ma
- The Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lijie Li
- Beijing AeglesStem Technology Co. LTD, Beijing, China
| | - Yuemei Yang
- Beijing AeglesStem Technology Co. LTD, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Hematology, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, China
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161
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Oh H, Tan C, Williams C, Giannelos N, Ng C. Public health impact of herpes zoster vaccination on older adults in Singapore: a modeling study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2348839. [PMID: 38804600 PMCID: PMC11135959 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2348839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
In Singapore, population aging and rising life expectancy are increasing herpes zoster (HZ) burden, which may be reduced by vaccination. The present study modeled the public health impact of HZ vaccination in Singapore using ZOster ecoNomic Analysis (ZONA) model adapted with Singapore-specific key model inputs, where available. Base case analysis was conducted in adults ≥ 50 years of age (YOA), exploring three vaccination strategies (no vaccination, recombinant zoster vaccine [RZV], zoster vaccine live [ZVL]) under mass vaccination setting (30% coverage). Scenario and sensitivity analyses were performed. Out of 1.51 million adults in 2021 (base case population), 406,513 (27.0%) cases of HZ, 68,264 (4.5%) cases of post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN), and 54,949 (3.6%) cases of other complications were projected without vaccination. RZV was estimated to avoid 73,129 cases of HZ, 11,094 cases of PHN, and 9,205 cases of other complications over the subjects' remaining lifetime; ZVL would avoid 17,565 cases of HZ, 2,781 cases of PHN, and 1,834 cases of other complications. The number needed to vaccinate to prevent one case of HZ/PHN was lower for RZV (7/41) than ZVL (26/163). Among all five age-stratified cohorts (50-59/60-64/65-69/70-79/≥80 YOA), RZV (versus no vaccination/ZVL) avoided the largest number of cases in the youngest cohort, 50-59 YOA. Results were robust under scenario and sensitivity analyses. Mass vaccination with RZV is expected to greatly reduce the public health burden of HZ among Singapore individuals ≥ 50 YOA. Findings support value assessment and decision-making regarding public health vaccination strategies for HZ prevention in Singapore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Oh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carol Tan
- The Good Life Medical Centre, Geriatric Medicine, Mount Alvernia Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Cheryl Ng
- VEO Greater China and Intercontinental, GSK, Singapore, Singapore
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162
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Wang J, Fu L, Meng H, Wu K, Han B, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhang X, Zhang M, Wang B, Zhang W, Zou H, Qi X. Knowledge, concerns, and vaccine acceptance related to Mpox (Monkeypox) among university students in North and Northeast China: An online cross-sectional study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2339922. [PMID: 38639480 PMCID: PMC11037288 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2339922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing number of Mpox cases in China has posed a challenge to public health. The prevalence of men who have sex with men behaviors among students has been consistently increasing each year in China, accompanied by a high frequency of unprotected anal sex. As crowded places, schools are highly likely to cause an Mpox outbreak among students through long-term close contact. Understanding university students' perceptions about Mpox and willingness to vaccinate play a vital role in implementing preventive measures in schools. This study aimed to assess knowledge, concerns, and vaccine acceptance toward Mpox among university students in North and Northeast China. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3831 university students from seven universities in North and Northeast China between September 10 and September 25, 2023. This study found a relative insufficiency in Mpox knowledge among university students (71.60%), with less than half expressing concern about the Mpox outbreak (39.57%), and the majority exhibiting a positive attitude to vaccination (76.30%). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that a good knowledge level was associated with age, study discipline, education level, and a high level of concern about Mpox. Male, elderly, or highly educated participants had a low level of concern about Mpox. Participants with a high level of knowledge toward Mpox were more likely to have the vaccination willingness. This study might help governments and schools to understand students' Mpox perceptions and vaccination intentions, enabling them to implement effective measures in addressing the issue of inadequate understanding regarding Mpox among university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- Epidemiology and Endemic Disease Control Section, Chaoyang District Center for Diseases Prevention and Control of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Leiwen Fu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Han Meng
- Epidemiology and Endemic Disease Control Section, Chaoyang District Center for Diseases Prevention and Control of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Epidemiology and Endemic Disease Control Section, Chaoyang District Center for Diseases Prevention and Control of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Baihui Han
- Epidemiology and Endemic Disease Control Section, Chaoyang District Center for Diseases Prevention and Control of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Epidemiology and Endemic Disease Control Section, Chaoyang District Center for Diseases Prevention and Control of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Epidemiology and Endemic Disease Control Section, Chaoyang District Center for Diseases Prevention and Control of Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Health Care Department, University of International Business and Economics Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohe Zhang
- Community Center, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Prevention and Health Care, Beijing University of Technology Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bingyi Wang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huachun Zou
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Xiao Qi
- Epidemiology and Endemic Disease Control Section, Chaoyang District Center for Diseases Prevention and Control of Beijing, Beijing, China
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163
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Mahrokhian SH, Tostanoski LH, Vidal SJ, Barouch DH. COVID-19 vaccines: Immune correlates and clinical outcomes. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2324549. [PMID: 38517241 PMCID: PMC10962618 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2324549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe disease due to COVID-19 has declined dramatically as a result of widespread vaccination and natural immunity in the population. With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants that largely escape vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody responses, the efficacy of the original vaccines has waned and has required vaccine updating and boosting. Nevertheless, hospitalizations and deaths due to COVID-19 have remained low. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of immune responses that contribute to population immunity and the mechanisms how vaccines attenuate COVID-19 disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shant H. Mahrokhian
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa H. Tostanoski
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuel J. Vidal
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dan H. Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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164
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Lefler DS, Manobianco SA, Bashir B. Immunotherapy resistance in solid tumors: mechanisms and potential solutions. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2315655. [PMID: 38389121 PMCID: PMC10896138 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2315655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
While the emergence of immunotherapies has fundamentally altered the management of solid tumors, cancers exploit many complex biological mechanisms that result in resistance to these agents. These encompass a broad range of cellular activities - from modification of traditional paradigms of immunity via antigen presentation and immunoregulation to metabolic modifications and manipulation of the tumor microenvironment. Intervening on these intricate processes may provide clinical benefit in patients with solid tumors by overcoming resistance to immunotherapies, which is why it has become an area of tremendous research interest with practice-changing implications. This review details the major ways cancers avoid both natural immunity and immunotherapies through primary (innate) and secondary (acquired) mechanisms of resistance, and it considers available and emerging therapeutic approaches to overcoming immunotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Lefler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Steven A. Manobianco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Babar Bashir
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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165
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Le Doare K, Gaylord MA, Anderson AS, Andrews N, Baker CJ, Bolcen S, Felek A, Giardina PC, Grube CD, Hall T, Hallis B, Izu A, Madhi SA, Maniatis P, Matheson M, Mawas F, McKeen A, Rhodes J, Alston B, Patel P, Schrag S, Simon R, Tan CY, Taylor S, Kwatra G, Gorringe A. Interlaboratory comparison of a multiplex immunoassay that measures human serum IgG antibodies against six-group B streptococcus polysaccharides. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2330138. [PMID: 38608170 PMCID: PMC11018077 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2330138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Measurement of IgG antibodies against group B streptococcus (GBS) capsular polysaccharide (CPS) by use of a standardized and internationally accepted multiplex immunoassay is important for the evaluation of candidate maternal GBS vaccines in order to compare results across studies. A standardized assay is also required if serocorrelates of protection against invasive GBS disease are to be established in infant sera for the six predominant GBS serotypes since it would permit the comparison of results across the six serotypes. We undertook an interlaboratory study across five laboratories that used standardized assay reagents and protocols with a panel of 44 human sera to measure IgG antibodies against GBS CPS serotypes Ia, Ib, II, III, IV, and V. The within-laboratory intermediate precision, which included factors like the lot of coated beads, laboratory analyst, and day, was generally below 20% relative standard deviation (RSD) for all six serotypes, across all five laboratories. The cross-laboratory reproducibility was < 25% RSD for all six serotypes, which demonstrated the consistency of results across the different laboratories. Additionally, anti-CPS IgG concentrations for the 44-member human serum panel were established. The results of this study showed assay robustness and that the resultant anti-CPS IgG concentrations were reproducible across laboratories for the six GBS CPS serotypes when the standardized assay was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Le Doare
- Centre for Neonatal and Paediatric Infection, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
- Makerere University Johns Hopkins University, Kampala, Uganda
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, UK
| | | | | | - Nick Andrews
- Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, United Kingdom Health Security Agency (UKHSA), London, UK
| | - Carol J. Baker
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Disease, McGovern Medical School and UT Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shanna Bolcen
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Arif Felek
- Vaccine Division, Scientific Research & Innovation Group, MHRA, Potters Bar, UK
| | | | | | - Tom Hall
- Centre for Neonatal and Paediatric Infection, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Alane Izu
- South African Medical Research Council: Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Science/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Shabir A. Madhi
- South African Medical Research Council: Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Science/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Pete Maniatis
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Fatme Mawas
- Vaccine Division, Scientific Research & Innovation Group, MHRA, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Andrew McKeen
- Pfizer Global Biometrics & Data Management, Pearl River, NY, USA
| | - Julia Rhodes
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Palak Patel
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stephanie Schrag
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Raphael Simon
- Pfizer Vaccine Research & Development, Pearl River, NY, USA
| | - Charles Y. Tan
- Pfizer Global Biometrics & Data Management, Pearl River, NY, USA
| | | | - Gaurav Kwatra
- South African Medical Research Council: Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Science/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
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166
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Ahrberg Y, Dallmann J, Freitag J, Hassan A, Jung C, Kiefer J, Muralidharan AM, Peter M, Beck JD. CIMT 2024: Report on the 21st Annual Meeting of the Association for Cancer Immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2381925. [PMID: 39043196 PMCID: PMC11268217 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2381925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The 21st Association for Cancer Immunotherapy (CIMT) Annual Meeting took place from May 15th to May 17th in Mainz, Germany, and was attended by a total of 855 academic and clinical professionals hailing from 33 different countries. The conference served as a platform for these experts to convene and discuss the latest breakthroughs in cancer immunology and immunotherapy research. Dedicated sessions covering advancements in artificial intelligence tools for cancer immunotherapy research, as well as the landscape of cancer care and cancer immunotherapy trials on the African continent, prompted lively and informative discussions among the attendees. This report aims to provide an overview of the most noteworthy highlights and key takeaways from CIMT2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Ahrberg
- TRON-Translational Oncology, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Janina Freitag
- TRON-Translational Oncology, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Anindhita Meena Muralidharan
- TRON-Translational Oncology, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Peter
- TRON-Translational Oncology, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
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167
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Shan H, Tian G, Zhang Y, Qiu Z. Exploring the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of SMAD4 in colorectal cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2392341. [PMID: 39164192 PMCID: PMC11340766 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2392341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, and the occurrence and development of CRC are influenced by the molecular biology characteristics of CRC, especially alterations in key signaling pathways. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) plays a crucial role in cellular growth, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis, with SMAD4 protein serving as a key transcription factor in the TGF-β signaling pathway, thus playing a significant role in the onset and progression of CRC. CRC is one of the malignancies with a high mortality rate worldwide. Despite significant research progress in recent years, especially regarding the role of SMAD4, its dual role in the early and late stages of tumor progression has promoted further discussion on its complexity as a therapeutic target, highlighting the urgent need for a deeper analysis of its role in CRC. This review aims to explore the function of SMAD4 protein in CRC and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shan
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangyu Tian
- Department of Oncology, Jiangdu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yeqing Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyuan Qiu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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168
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Chen Y, Shu Y, Zheng H, Sun C, Fu C. The 2 nd China Vaccinology Integrated Innovation & Teaching Development Conference: Promoting the construction of vaccinology discipline system. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2300157. [PMID: 38198292 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2300157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The 2nd China Vaccinology Integrated Innovation & Teaching Development Conference was held in Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 18-19, November 2023. Over 200 participants in the field of Vaccinology gathered together to address challenges and issues relevant to vaccine education and training courses, research, and public health programs in China. The conference themed "Promoting the Integrated and Innovative Development of Vaccinology through Collective Efforts." The conference was organized by the China Association of Vaccine (CAV) and hosted by Vaccinology Education Professional Committee of CAV, and School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University. Other partners included the Medical Virology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, the editorial committee of the Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine, Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, and the People's Medical Publishing House. The 1st conference was held in Hangzhou, in October 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Chen
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccine, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuelong Shu
- National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Caijun Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanxi Fu
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccine, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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169
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De Virgilio Suglia C, Stefanizzi P, Graziano G, Moscara L, Delle Fontane A, Minelli M, Tafuri S. Efficacy of vaccination during pregnancy in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants younger than 12 months. Puglia (Italy), 2021-23. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2403831. [PMID: 39288786 PMCID: PMC11409503 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2403831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This retrospective cohort study evaluated the effectiveness of maternal vaccination against COVID-19 in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants younger than 12 months. The study, conducted at the "Policlinico" University Hospital of Bari, included 3346 newborns and their mothers. The study explored the degree of protection offered by maternal vaccination depending on the timing, type, and trimester of vaccination, also taking into account the mother's history of infection. We compared the incidence rate of infection between children of vaccinated and unvaccinated mothers; the values were 10.2% and 18.1%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant. The overall effectiveness of the vaccine against the infection was 45%. Further analysis revealed increasing efficacy as the doses of vaccine administered to the mother increased and in case of a previous history of maternal infection. Dual immune stimulation (vaccination and natural infection) was 83% effective in preventing infection among newborns. The multivariable models confirmed the protective effect of vaccination with all types of vaccines used. The analysis of infection's incidence in newborns revealed an interesting temporal trend, with increasing incidence with time, suggesting a possible correlation with the persistence of maternal antibodies or with the gradual weaning. The results on the protective capacity of vaccines are in line with the global literature. Strengths of study include sample size, robust methodology, and multivariate analyses. Institutions could intensify awareness campaigns to encourage both pregnant women and all those who would like to become pregnant to receive SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pasquale Stefanizzi
- Hygiene Unit - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giusy Graziano
- Hygiene Unit - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Lorenza Moscara
- Hygiene Unit - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Arianna Delle Fontane
- Hygiene Unit - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Martina Minelli
- Hygiene Unit - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Silvio Tafuri
- Hygiene Unit - Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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170
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Li G, Li Q, Tong Y, Zeng J, Dang T, Yang N, Zhou Y, Ma L, Ge Q, Zhao Z. The anticancer mechanisms of Toxoplasma gondii rhoptry protein 16 on lung adenocarcinoma cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2392902. [PMID: 39174877 PMCID: PMC11346528 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2392902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent subtype of lung cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Toxoplasma gondii (T.gondii) Rhoptry protein 16 (ROP16) has been shown to quickly enter the nucleus, and through activate host cell signaling pathways by phosphorylation STAT3 and may affect the survival of tumor cells. This study constructed recombinant lentiviral expression vector of T. gondii ROP16 I/II/III and stably transfected them into A549 cells, and the effects of ROP16 on cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, invasion, and migration of A549 cells were explored by utilizing CCK-8, flow cytometry, qPCR, Western blotting, TUNEL, Transwell assay, and cell scratch assay, and these effects were confirmed in the primary human lung adenocarcinoma cells from postoperative cancer tissues of patients. The type I and III ROP16 activate STAT3 and inhibited A549 cell proliferation, regulated the expression of p21, CDK6, CyclinD1, and induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. ROP16 also regulated the Bax, Bcl-2, p53, cleaved-Caspase3, and Caspase9, inducing cell apoptosis, and reduced the invasion and migration of A549 cells, while type II ROP16 protein had no such effect. Furthermore, in the regulation of ROP16 on primary lung adenocarcinoma cells, type I and III ROP16 showed the same anticancer potential. These findings confirmed the anti-lung adenocarcinoma effect of type I and III ROP16, offering fresh perspectives on the possible application of ROP16 as a target with adjuvant therapy for lung adenocarcinoma and propelling the field of precision therapy research toward parasite treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqi Li
- Medical Laboratory Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Clinical Pathogenic Microorganisms, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Clinical Research Center of Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qinhui Li
- College of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yongqing Tong
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tiantian Dang
- Medical Laboratory Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Clinical Pathogenic Microorganisms, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Clinical Research Center of Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ningai Yang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yuning Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lei Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qirui Ge
- The First Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhijun Zhao
- Medical Laboratory Center, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Clinical Pathogenic Microorganisms, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Clinical Research Center of Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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171
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Maity S, Abbaspour R, Bandelow S, Pahwa S, Alahdadi T, Shah S, Chhetri P, Jha AK, Nauhria S, Nath R, Nayak N, Nauhria S. The psychosomatic impact of Yoga in medical education: a systematic review and meta-analysis. MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 2024; 29:2364486. [PMID: 38861675 PMCID: PMC11168339 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2024.2364486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Non-clinical approaches such as meditation, yoga, and mindfulness are popular traditional therapeutical interventions adopted by many educational institutions to improve the physical and mental well-being of learners. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of yoga intervention in improving cardiopulmonary parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, pulmonary function tests and psychosomatic symptoms such as depression, anxiety and stress in medical and dental students. Using the PRISMA protocol, a search from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Embase resulted in 304 relevant articles. After screening the title and abstracts, 47 papers were analyzed thoroughly and included in the qualitative analysis. 18 articles with homogenous statistical data on physiology and psychological parameters were included for meta-analysis. In comparison to the control group, the study showed a significant reduction of systolic blood pressure (SBP: 6.82 mmHg, z = -3.06, p = 0.002), diastolic blood pressure (DBP: 2.92 mmHg, z = -2.22, p = 0.03), and heart rate (HR: 2.55 beats/min, z = -2.77, p = 0.006). Additionally, data from 4 studies yielded a significant overall effect of a stress reduction of 0.77 on standardized assessments due to the yoga intervention (z = 5.29, p < 0.0001). Lastly, the results also showed a significant (z = -2.52, p = 0.01) reduction of 1.2 in standardized anxiety tests in intervention group compared to the control. The findings offer promising prospects for medical educators globally, encouraging them to consider reformation and policymaking in medical curricula to enhance academic success and improve the overall quality of life for medical students worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabyasachi Maity
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience, and Behavioral Sciences, St. George’s University School of Medicine, True Blue, Grenada
| | - Raman Abbaspour
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stephan Bandelow
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience, and Behavioral Sciences, St. George’s University School of Medicine, True Blue, Grenada
| | - Sehaj Pahwa
- Medical Student Research Institute, St. George’s University School of Medicine, True Blue, Grenada
| | - Taraneh Alahdadi
- Medical Student Research Institute, St. George’s University School of Medicine, True Blue, Grenada
| | - Sharan Shah
- Medical Student Research Institute, St. George’s University School of Medicine, True Blue, Grenada
| | - Praghosh Chhetri
- Department of Physiology, St. Matthew’s University School of Medicine, Georgetown, Cayman Islands
| | - Ameet Kumar Jha
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. Matthew’s University School of Medicine, Georgetown, Cayman Islands
| | - Shreya Nauhria
- Department of Child Protection, Cayman Islands Red Cross, Georgetown, Cayman Islands
| | - Reetuparna Nath
- Department of Education Service, St. George’s University School of Medicine, True Blue, Grenada
| | - Narendra Nayak
- Department of Microbiology, St. Matthew’s University School of Medicine, Georgetown, Cayman Islands
| | - Samal Nauhria
- Department of Pathology, St. Matthew’s University School of Medicine, Georgetown, Cayman Islands
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Zhang Y, Cui J, Liu F, Song Y, Wang Q, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Li Z, Chang Z. Effectiveness of Enterovirus 71 inactivated vaccines against hand, foot, and mouth disease: A test-negative case-control study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2330163. [PMID: 38544389 PMCID: PMC10984126 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2330163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) vaccine was introduced in China in December 2015 as a preventive measure against hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by EV-A71. However, the effectiveness of the vaccine (VE) in real-world settings needs to be evaluated. We conducted a test-negative case-control study to assess the effectiveness of EV-A71 vaccines in preventing EV-A71-associated HFMD. Children aged 6-71 months with HFMD were enrolled as participants. The case group comprised those who tested positive for EV-A71, while the control group comprised those who tested negative for EV-A71. To estimate VE, a logistic regression model was employed, adjusting for potential confounders including age, gender, and clinical severity. In total, 3223 children aged 6 to 71 months were included in the study, with 162 in the case group and 3061 in the control group. The proportion of children who received EV-A71 vaccination was significantly lower in the case group compared to the control group (p < .001). The overall VEadj was estimated to be 90.8%. The VEadj estimates for partially and fully vaccinated children were 90.1% and 90.9%, respectively. Stratified by age group, the VEadj estimates were 88.7% for 6 to 35-month-olds and 95.5% for 36 to 71-month-olds. Regarding disease severity, the VEadj estimates were 86.3% for mild cases and 100% for severe cases. Sensitivity analysis showed minimal changes in the VE point estimates, with most changing by no more than 1% point. Our study demonstrates a high level of vaccine effectiveness against EV-A71-HFMD, especially in severe cases. Active promotion of EV-A71 vaccination is an effective strategy in preventing EV-A71 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zhang
- Division of Infectious Disease, National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jinzhao Cui
- Division of Infectious Disease, National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Fengfeng Liu
- Division of Infectious Disease, National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Song
- Division of Infectious Disease, National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Quanyi Wang
- Institute for the Control of Infectious and Endemic Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhe Liu
- Division of Infectious Disease, National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Division of Infectious Disease, National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongjie Li
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaorui Chang
- Division of Infectious Disease, National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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173
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Ouyang L, Lei G, Gong Y. Immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cirrhosis: A meta-analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2326316. [PMID: 38466197 PMCID: PMC10936597 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2326316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with liver cirrhosis remains largely unknown. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cirrhosis and compare the humoral and cellular immune responses following complete COVID-19 vaccination between cirrhosis patients and healthy controls. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from 1 January 2020 to 22 August 2023. Sixteen studies with 2127 cirrhosis patients were included. The pooled seroconversion rate in patients with cirrhosis following complete COVID-19 vaccination was 92.4% (95% CI, 86.2%-96%, I2 = 90%) with significant between-study heterogeneity. Moreover, COVID-19 vaccination elicited a higher humoral immune response in patients of compensated cirrhosis as compared with decompensated cirrhosis (RR = 1.069, 95% CI, 1.011-1.131, I2 = 17%, p = .019). Additionally, 10 studies were included for comparison analysis of seroconversion rate between cirrhosis patients and healthy controls. The results showed that the seroconversion rate in patients with cirrhosis was slightly lower compared with healthy controls (RR = 0.972, 95% CI, 0.955-0.989, I2 = 66%, p = .001). Meanwhile, the pooled RR of cellular immune response rate for cirrhosis patients vs. healthy controls was 0.678 (95% CI, 0.563-0.817, I2 = 0, p < .0001). Our meta-analysis demonstrated that COVID-19 vaccination elicited diminished humoral and cellular immune responses in patients of cirrhosis. Patients with cirrhosis particularly decompensated cirrhosis who have completed full-doses of COVID-19 vaccination should receive continuous attention and preemptive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichen Ouyang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Lei
- Department of Obstetric, Centre Hospital of Wuhan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yeli Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
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174
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Wang H, Koob T, Fromm JR, Gopal A, Carter D, Lieber A. CD46 and CD59 inhibitors enhance complement-dependent cytotoxicity of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies daratumumab and isatuximab in multiple myeloma and other B-cell malignancy cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2314322. [PMID: 38361357 PMCID: PMC10877974 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2314322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy of the B-cell lineage. Remarkable progress has been made in the treatment of MM with anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies such as daratumumab and isatuximab, which can kill MM cells by inducing complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). We showed that the CDC efficacy of daratumumab and isatuximab is limited by membrane complement inhibitors, including CD46 and CD59, which are upregulated in MM cells. We recently developed a small recombinant protein, Ad35K++, which is capable of transiently removing CD46 from the cell surface. We also produced a peptide inhibitor of CD59 (rILYd4). In this study, we tested Ad35K++ and rILYd4 in combination with daratumumab and isatuximab in MM cells as well as in cells from two other B-cell malignancies. We showed that Ad35K++ and rILYd4 increased CDC triggered by daratumumab and isatuximab. The combination of both inhibitors had an additive effect in vitro in primary MM cells as well as in vivo in a mouse xenograft model of MM. Daratumumab and isatuximab treatment of MM lines (without Ad35K++ or rILYd4) resulted in the upregulation of CD46/CD59 and/or survival of CD46high/CD59high MM cells that escaped the second round of daratumumab and isatuximab treatment. The escape in the second treatment cycle was prevented by the pretreatment of cells with Ad35K++. Overall, our data demonstrate that Ad35K++ and rILYd4 are efficient co-therapeutics of daratumumab and isatuximab, specifically in multi-cycle treatment regimens, and could be used to improve treatment of multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Theo Koob
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jonathan R. Fromm
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ajay Gopal
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Darrick Carter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - André Lieber
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- R&D, Compliment Corp, Seattle, WA, USA
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175
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Zhu Z, Geng Y, Ma L, Yao K, Chang R, Ma Y, Li J. Association between CBS gene T833C, G919A and 844ins68 polymorphisms in the 8th exon region and coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. Clin Exp Hypertens 2024; 46:2328147. [PMID: 38488417 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2024.2328147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies indicate that the cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) gene T833C, G919A and 844ins68 polymorphisms in the 8th exon region may be correlated with coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility, but the results have been inconsistent and inconclusive. Thus, a meta-analysis was conducted to provide a comprehensive estimate of these associations. METHODS On the basis of searches in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, VIP, and CNKI databases, we selected 14 case - control studies including 2123 cases and 2368 controls for this meta-analysis. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated accordingly using a fixed-effect or random-effect model. RESULTS The results indicated an increased risk between the CBS T833C gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to CAD under the dominant model (CC+CT vs. TT: OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.11 ~ 3.32), recessive model (CC vs. CT+TT: OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.17 ~ 3.03), and homozygous model (CC vs. TT: OR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.04 ~ 5.83). In these three genetic models, no significant association was identified for CBS G919A (AA+AG vs. GG: OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 0.45 ~ 4.82),(AA vs. AG+GG: OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.93 ~ 2.70),(AA vs. GG: OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 0.40 ~ 6.92) or CBS 844ins68 (II+ID vs. DD: OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.80 ~ 1.35),(II vs. ID+DD: OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.51 ~ 2.36),(II vs. DD: OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.51 ~ 2.39). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that the CBS T833C gene polymorphism is significantly associated with the risk of CAD and it shows a stronger association in Asian populations. Individuals with the C allele of the CBS gene T833C polymorphism might be particularly susceptible to CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijiang Zhu
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Geng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Long Ma
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Keying Yao
- School of Second Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruitong Chang
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongming Ma
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jialong Li
- Department of thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital (Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital), Lanzhou, China
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176
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Bathish Y, Tuvia N, Eshel E, Tal Lange T, Sigrid Eberhardt C, Edelstein M, Abu-Jabal K. B and T cell responses to the 3rd and 4th dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine in dialysis patients. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2292376. [PMID: 38191151 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2292376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients on dialysis (PoD) are at high risk of severe morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. Characterizing long-term vaccine immune responses in these patients will help optimize vaccine schedule for PoD. This study aimed to determine whether long-term humoral and B and T cell-responses post 3rd and 4th dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine differed between PoD and controls. Non-infected PoD and controls vaccinated with BNT162b2 were recruited in Ziv Medical Center, Israel, between 2021 and 2022. Specimens were collected 1-2 months pre 3rd dose; 1-3 months post 3rd dose; 4-5 months post 3rd dose and 3-5 months post the 4th dose. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (spike) specific antibodies, spike specific memory B cells, and spike specific CD154+ T cells as well as cytokines producing CD4+/CD8+ T cells were measured using standardized assays and compared between PoD and controls at each time point using Mann Whitney and Fisher's exact tests. We recruited 22 PoD and 20 controls. Antibody levels in PoD were lower compared to controls pre 3rd dose but not post 3rd and 4th doses. Frequencies of spike specific memory B cell populations were similar between PoD and controls overall. Frequencies of spike specific T cells, including those producing IFNγ and TNFα, were not lower in PoD. B and T cell mediated immune response in PoD following a 3rd and a 4th dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine was not inferior to controls up to 5 months post vaccination. Our results suggest that standard BNT162b2 vaccination is suitable for this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes Bathish
- Ziv Medcal Center, Safed, Israel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | | | | | | | - Christiane Sigrid Eberhardt
- Department for Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Vaccinology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Vaccinology and Neonatal Immunology, Department of Pathology-Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael Edelstein
- Ziv Medcal Center, Safed, Israel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Kamal Abu-Jabal
- Ziv Medcal Center, Safed, Israel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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177
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Vigezzi GP, Maggioni E, Bert F, de Vito C, Siliquini R, Odone A. Who is (not) vaccinated? A proposal for a comprehensive immunization information system. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2386739. [PMID: 39103249 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2386739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of immunization in public health is crucial, offering widespread protection against infectious diseases and underpinning societal well-being. However, achieving optimal vaccination coverage is impeded by vaccine hesitancy, a significant challenge that necessitates comprehensive strategies to understand and mitigate its effects. We propose the integration of Population Health Management principles with Immunization Information Systems (IISs) to address vaccine hesitancy more effectively. Our approach leverages systematic health determinants analysis to identify at-risk populations and tailor interventions, thereby promoting vaccination coverage and public health responses. We call for the development of an enhanced version of the Italian National Vaccination Registry, which aims to facilitate real-time tracking of individuals' vaccination status while improving data accuracy and interoperability among healthcare systems. This registry is designed to overcome current barriers by ensuring robust data protection, addressing cultural and organizational challenges, and integrating behavioral insights to foster informed public health campaigns. Our proposal aligns with the Italian National Vaccination Prevention Plan 2023-2025 and emphasizes proactive, evidence-based strategies to increase vaccination uptake and contrast the spread of vaccine-preventable diseases. The ultimate goal is to establish a data-driven, ethically sound framework that enhances public health outcomes and addresses the complexities of vaccine hesitancy within the Italian context and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Pietro Vigezzi
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Maggioni
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bert
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Corrado de Vito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Siliquini
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Anna Odone
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Medical Direction, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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178
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Huang C, Yang H, Jiang C, Yu X, Zhao R, Hong J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhao R, An Z, Tong Z. Booster vaccines dose reduced mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients requiring oxygen supplementation: Evidence from the Beijing Omicron outbreak. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2361500. [PMID: 38904423 PMCID: PMC11195489 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2361500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
To assess the impact of vaccines on clinical outcomes among hospitalized COVID-19-infected patients requiring oxygen supplementation during the Beijing Omicron outbreak. We conducted a retrospective cohort study at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, from November 15, 2022, to March 31, 2023. Vaccination statuses were categorized into 3 doses, 2 doses, and unvaccinated (0 dose). The primary outcome was 28-day all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included poor outcomes, intensive care unit admission, cardiovascular thromboembolism events, and hospital readmission. Among the included patients, 117 were 2 doses, 285 received booster doses, and 503 were unvaccinated. After propensity score inverse probability weighting, the 3 doses group showed a significantly lower 28-day all-cause mortality compared to the unvaccinated group (inverse probability of treatment weighting-adjusted HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.50-0.81). No significant difference was observed in all-cause mortality between the 2 doses and unvaccinated groups. No significant differences were observed in secondary outcome analyses when comparing the 3 doses or 2 doses group to the unvaccinated group. Subgroup analysis revealed significant benefits of booster vaccination in patients with shorter symptom duration, lower Charlson Comorbidity Index, and without immunosuppression status. Our study highlights the significant reduction in all-cause mortality among hospitalized Omicron-infected patients who received a third dose vaccine. These findings underscore the importance of prioritizing booster vaccinations, especially among the elderly. Further research is warranted to confirm and extend these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chong Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunguo Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojia Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Hong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yushu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuoling An
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Tong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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179
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Mallah N, Ares-Gómez S, Pardo-Seco J, Malvar-Pintos A, Santiago-Pérez MI, Pérez-Martínez O, Otero-Barrós MT, Suárez-Gaiche N, Kramer R, Jin J, Platero-Alonso L, Alvárez-Gil RM, Ces-Ozores OM, Nartallo-Penas V, Mirás-Carballal S, Piñeiro-Sotelo M, González-Pérez JM, Rodríguez-Tenreiro C, Rivero-Calle I, Salas A, Durán-Parrondo C, Martinón-Torres F. Assessment of effectiveness and impact of universal prophylaxis with nirsevimab for prevention of hospitalizations due to respiratory syncytial virus in infants. The NIRSE-GAL study protocol. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2348135. [PMID: 38738683 PMCID: PMC11093022 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2348135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nirsevimab has been recently licensed for universal RSV prophylaxis in infants. NIRSE-GAL is a three-year population-based study initiated in Galicia in September 2023. It aims to evaluate nirsevimab effectiveness against RSV-related hospitalizations lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), severe RSV, all-cause LRTI, and all-cause hospitalization. NIRSE-GAL also aims to estimate nirsevimab impact on primary healthcare use in the short and mid-term, children's wheezing and asthma, and medical prescriptions for RSV. The immunization campaigns will be scheduled based on the expected start week for the RSV season and will last the whole season. Immunization will be offered to: i) infants born during the campaign (seasonal), ii) infants < 6 months at the start of the campaign (catch-up), and iii) infants with high-risk factors, aged 6-24 months at the start of the campaign (high-risk). The follow-up period will start: i) the immunization date for all immunized infants, ii) the start of the campaign, for the non-immunized catch-up or high-risk groups, or iii) the birthdate for the non-immunized seasonal group. Infants will be followed up until outcome occurrence, death, or end of study. Nirsevimab effectiveness will be estimated using Poisson and Cox regression models. Sensitivity and stratified analyses will be undertaken. The number of averted cases and the number needed to immunize will be estimated. Immunization failure and nirsevimab safety will be monitored. NIRSE-GAL was approved by the ethics committee of Galicia (CEIC 2023-377) and registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT06180993). Findings will be mainly shared via peer-reviewed publications and scientific conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narmeen Mallah
- Genetics, Vaccines and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago prde Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Vaccine Safety, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBER-ESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Ares-Gómez
- Genetics, Vaccines and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago prde Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Vaccine Safety, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jacobo Pardo-Seco
- Genetics, Vaccines and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago prde Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Vaccine Safety, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Genética de Poblaciones en Biomedicina (GenPoB) Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Malvar-Pintos
- Department of Epidemiology, Dirección Xeral de Saúde Pública, Consellería de Sanidade, Xunta de Galicia, Galicia, Spain
| | - María-Isolina Santiago-Pérez
- Department of Epidemiology, Dirección Xeral de Saúde Pública, Consellería de Sanidade, Xunta de Galicia, Galicia, Spain
| | - Olaia Pérez-Martínez
- Department of Epidemiology, Dirección Xeral de Saúde Pública, Consellería de Sanidade, Xunta de Galicia, Galicia, Spain
| | - María-Teresa Otero-Barrós
- Department of Epidemiology, Dirección Xeral de Saúde Pública, Consellería de Sanidade, Xunta de Galicia, Galicia, Spain
| | - Nuria Suárez-Gaiche
- Department of Epidemiology, Dirección Xeral de Saúde Pública, Consellería de Sanidade, Xunta de Galicia, Galicia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Rosa-María Alvárez-Gil
- Department of Communicable Diseases, Dirección Xeral de Saúde Pública, Consellería de Sanidade, Xunta de Galicia, Galicia, Spain
| | - Olga-María Ces-Ozores
- Department of Communicable Diseases, Dirección Xeral de Saúde Pública, Consellería de Sanidade, Xunta de Galicia, Galicia, Spain
| | - Victoria Nartallo-Penas
- Department of Communicable Diseases, Dirección Xeral de Saúde Pública, Consellería de Sanidade, Xunta de Galicia, Galicia, Spain
| | - Susana Mirás-Carballal
- Department of Communicable Diseases, Dirección Xeral de Saúde Pública, Consellería de Sanidade, Xunta de Galicia, Galicia, Spain
| | - Marta Piñeiro-Sotelo
- Department of Epidemiology, Dirección Xeral de Saúde Pública, Consellería de Sanidade, Xunta de Galicia, Galicia, Spain
| | - Juan-Manuel González-Pérez
- Subdirección de Sistemas y Tecnologías de la Información, Consellería de Sanidade, Xunta de Galicia, Galicia, Spain
| | - Carmen Rodríguez-Tenreiro
- Genetics, Vaccines and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago prde Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Vaccine Safety, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Rivero-Calle
- Genetics, Vaccines and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago prde Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Vaccine Safety, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS) and University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonio Salas
- Genetics, Vaccines and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago prde Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Genética de Poblaciones en Biomedicina (GenPoB) Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Spain
| | - Carmen Durán-Parrondo
- Dirección Xeral de Saúde Pública, Consellería de Sanidade, Xunta de Galicia, Galicia, Spain
| | - Federico Martinón-Torres
- Genetics, Vaccines and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago prde Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Vaccine Safety, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS) and University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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180
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Tang W, Li C, Huang D, Zhou S, Zheng H, Wang Q, Zhang X, Fu J. NRS2002 score as a prognostic factor in solid tumors treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a real-world evidence analysis. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2358551. [PMID: 38813753 PMCID: PMC11141475 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2358551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
To observe the antitumour efficacy of programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors in the real world and explore the relationship between NRS2002 score or other clinical characteristics and immunotherapy efficacy, we retrospectively analyzed 341 tumor patients who received immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment at one center. A total of 341 solid tumor patients treated with ICIs from June 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively included in this study. Patient characteristics, ICI responses, and survival status were documented, and the relationships between clinical factors and survival were analyzed. Among all patients, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.8 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 12.5 months. The Performance Status (PS), NRS2002 score, The Naples Prognostic Score (NPS), Lymphocyte and C-reactive protein ratio (LCR), line of therapy, and nutritional support were significantly related to PFS or OS according to univariate analysis. The median PFS and OS were significantly better in the group without nutritional risk (NRS2002 0-2) than those with nutritional risk (NRS2002 ≥ 3) (PFS: HR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.30-2.54, p value < .001; OS: HR = 2.49, 95% CI 1.73-3.59, p value < .001). Cox regression analysis revealed that the NRS2002 score was an independent prognostic factor for both PFS and OS. The objective response rate (ORR) in the group at nutritional risk was lower than that in the group without nutritional risk (8.33% and 19.71%, respectively, p value = .037). Patients at nutritional risk according to the NRS2002 score at initial treatment had a poorer prognosis than those without nutritional risk. The NRS2002 could be used as a preliminary index to predict the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanfen Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenghui Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shishi Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongjuan Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfei Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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181
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Majernikova SM. Risk and safety profile in checkpoint inhibitors on non-small-cel lung cancer: A systematic review. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2365771. [PMID: 38932682 PMCID: PMC11212564 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2365771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Treating non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has gained increased importance in recent years due to the high mortality rate and dismal five-year survival rate. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are a promising approach with exceptional outcomes in NSCLC thanks to the antigenic nature of cells. Conversely, immune system over-stimulation with ICI is a double-edged sword that can lead to various negative effects ranging from mild to life-threatening. This review explores current breakthroughs in nanoparticle-based ICI and their limitations. The PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were examined for relevant publications. Thirty-eight trials (N = 16,781) were included in the analyses. The mixed effects analyses on quantifying the treatment effect contributed significantly to the subgroups within studies for ICI treatment effect. Models confirmed ICI's higher impact on treatment effectivity and the decrease in respondents' mortality compared to conventional treatment regiments. ICI might be used as first-line therapy due to their proven effectiveness and safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Maria Majernikova
- Department for Continuing Education, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University College London, London, UK
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182
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Naranjo NM, Kennedy A, Testa A, Verrillo CE, Altieri AD, Kean R, Hooper DC, Yu J, Zhao J, Abinader O, Pickles MW, Hawkins A, Kelly WK, Mitra R, Languino LR. Neuroendocrine gene subsets are uniquely dysregulated in prostate adenocarcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2364433. [PMID: 38926911 PMCID: PMC11212568 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2364433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer has heterogeneous growth patterns, and its prognosis is the poorest when it progresses to a neuroendocrine phenotype. Using bioinformatic analysis, we evaluated RNA expression of neuroendocrine genes in a panel of five different cancer types: prostate adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, kidney chromophobe, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma. Our results show that specific neuroendocrine genes are significantly dysregulated in these tumors, suggesting that they play an active role in cancer progression. Among others, synaptophysin (SYP), a conventional neuroendocrine marker, is upregulated in prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) and breast cancer (BRCA). Our analysis shows that SYP is enriched in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from plasma of PRAD patients, but it is absent in sEVs derived from plasma of healthy donors. Similarly, classical sEV markers are enriched in sEVs derived from plasma of prostate cancer patients, but weakly detectable in sEVs derived from plasma of healthy donors. Overall, our results pave the way to explore new strategies to diagnose these diseases based on the neuroendocrine gene expression in patient tumors or plasma sEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M. Naranjo
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anne Kennedy
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anna Testa
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cecilia E. Verrillo
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adrian D. Altieri
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rhonda Kean
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D. Craig Hooper
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jindan Yu
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan Zhao
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Oliver Abinader
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maxwell W. Pickles
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam Hawkins
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - William K. Kelly
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ramkrishna Mitra
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lucia R. Languino
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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183
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Pérez Martín JJ, Zornoza Moreno M. Implementation of the first respiratory syncytial (RSV) immunization campaign with nirsevimab in an autonomous community in Spain. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2365804. [PMID: 39137331 PMCID: PMC11188787 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2365804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main cause of low respiratory tract infections in infants under one year of age. In the 2023/2024 season, the monoclonal antibody nirsevimab was available to protect children from RSV, and Spain has become one of the first countries worldwide to implement this strategy. It is essential to evaluate the results of this first campaign and different characteristics of the immunized population in order to plan next campaigns, especially for countries that are going to include this immunization. Our coverage was high (91.5% for those born during the season and 88.3% globally). For those born during the season, only 4.9% preferred not to immunize at the maternity hospital, which meant an average delay of 27.45 days. We observed a lower coverage in the population of immigrant origin. There was a rapid pace of immunization, since for those born before the beginning of the campaign the mean to be immunized was 15.63 days, without differences between healthy and at-risk children. This allows immunization before the RSV season (90% of the catch-up children had been immunized on November 3). The average age at which all the immunized children have received nirsevimab was lower in healthy children compared to those with risk conditions (49.65 versus 232.85 days). For those born during the campaign, the average age was also lower in healthy children (3.14 versus 14.58 days). In conclusion, we consider that the implementation of the immunization strategy with nirsevimab in the Region of Murcia, Spain, has been a success.
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184
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Alexandra Echeverria Proano D, Zhu F, Sun X, Zoco J, Soni J, Parmar N, Ali SO. Efficacy, reactogenicity, and safety of the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine for the prevention of herpes zoster in Chinese adults ≥ 50 years: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2351584. [PMID: 38838170 PMCID: PMC11253707 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2351584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Phase III multi-country studies (ZOE-50/70) demonstrated that the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) was well tolerated and prevented herpes zoster (HZ) in healthy ≥ 50-year-olds, with a vaccine efficacy (VE) > 90% across age groups. These pivotal trials did not enroll participants from mainland China where RZV is licensed, therefore similar clinical data are missing for this population. In this phase IV observer-blind study (NCT04869982) conducted between 2021 and 2023 in China, immunocompetent and medically stable ≥ 50-year-olds were randomized 1:1 to receive two RZV or placebo doses, 2 months apart. This study assessed the VE (overall, as confirmatory objective, and descriptively by age category [50-69-year-olds/≥ 70-year-olds]), reactogenicity, and safety of RZV in this Chinese population. Of the 6138 enrolled participants, 99.2% completed the study. During a mean follow-up period of 15.2 (±1.1) months, 31 HZ episodes were confirmed (RZV = 0; placebo = 31) for an incidence rate of 0.0 vs 8.2 per 1000 person-years and an overall VE of 100% (89.82-100). The descriptive VE was 100% (85.29-100) for 50-69-year-olds and 100% (60.90-100) for ≥ 70-year-olds. Solicited adverse events (AEs) were more frequent in the RZV vs the placebo group (median duration: 1-3 days for both groups). Pain and fatigue were the most frequent local and general AEs (RZV: 72.1% and 43.4%; placebo: 9.2% and 5.3%). The frequencies of unsolicited AEs, serious AEs, potential immune-mediated diseases, and deaths were similar between both groups. RZV is well tolerated and efficacious in preventing HZ in Chinese ≥ 50-year-olds, consistent with efficacy studies including worldwide populations with similar age and medical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fengcai Zhu
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Immunization Program, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
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185
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Lee MS, Chiou SY, Hsu FC, Lin HY, Li CY, Hung SK, Yu BH, Wu CC, Chen LC, Chew CH, Chiou WY. The Effectiveness of 23-valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine on Elderly Colorectal Cancer Long-Term Survivors: A population-based exact-matched cohort study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2350093. [PMID: 38744302 PMCID: PMC11095567 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2350093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) long-term survivor is a rapid enlarging group. However, the effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) on this group is unknown. This nationwide population-based study in Taiwan was designed to examine the effect of PPSV23 on incidence rate ratio (IRR) of pneumonia hospitalization, cumulative incidence, and overall survival rate for these long-term CRC survivors. This cohort study was based on the Taiwan Cancer Registry and Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 2000-2017. After individual exact matching to covariates with 1:1 ratio, there were a total of 1,355 vaccinated and 1,355 unvaccinated survivors. After adjusted by multivariate Poisson regression model, vaccinated group had a non-significantly lower pneumonia hospitalization risk than unvaccinated, with an adjusted IRR of 0.879 (p = .391). Besides, vaccinated group had both lower cumulative incidence rate and higher overall survival time than unvaccinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Sing Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yi Chiou
- Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chun Hsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hon-Yi Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Li
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Kai Hung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ben-Hui Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chia Wu
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Cheng Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Chew
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yen Chiou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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186
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Ou QL, Chang YL, Liu JH, Yan HX, Chen LZ, Guo DY, Zhang SF. Mapping the intellectual structure and landscape of colorectal cancer immunotherapy: A bibliometric analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2323861. [PMID: 38497584 PMCID: PMC10950274 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2323861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICIs) therapy, stands as an innovative therapeutic approach currently garnering substantial attention in cancer treatment. It has become a focal point of numerous studies, showcasing significant potential in treating malignancies, including lung cancer and melanoma. The objective of this research is to analyze publications regarding immunotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC), investigating their attributes and identifying the current areas of interest and cutting-edge advancements. We took into account the publications from 2002 to 2022 included in the Web of Science Core Collection. Bibliometric analysis and visualization were conducted using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, R-bibliometrix, and Microsoft Excel. The quantity of publications associated with this domain has been steadily rising over the years, encompassing 3753 articles and 1498 reviews originating from 573 countries and regions, involving 19,166 institutions, 1011 journals, and 32,301 authors. In this field, China, the United States, and Italy are the main countries that come forward for publishing. The journal with the greatest impact factor is CA-A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. Romain Cohen leads in the number of publications, while Le Dt stands out as the most influential author. The immune microenvironment and immune infiltration are emerging as key hotspots and future research directions in this domain. This research carries out an extensive bibliometric examination of immunotherapy for colorectal cancer, aiding researchers in understanding current focal points, investigating possible avenues for research, and recognizing forthcoming development trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ling Ou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Long Chang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jin Hui Liu
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hai Xia Yan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Zi Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Duan Yang Guo
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Si Fang Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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187
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Wang Q, Pan G, Zhang Y, Ni Y, Mu Y, Luo D. Emerging insights into thyroid cancer from immunotherapy perspective: A bibliometric analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2403170. [PMID: 39294892 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2403170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is a common endocrine malignancy that poses considerable therapeutic challenges in treating anaplastic carcinoma and advanced aggressive disease. Immunotherapy has become a prominent strategy for cancer treatment, and has shown remarkable advancements in recent years. In this study, we utilized visualization and bibliometric tools to analyze publications on thyroid cancer immunotherapy from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). A total of 409 articles were included, with an annual increase in both publications and citations since 2016. China leads research efforts in this area, while the University of Texas System and UTMD Anderson Cancer Center rank first in publication output. The journal Thyroid has garnered the highest citations. Notable authors contributing to this field include Antonelli Alessandro, Fallahi Poupak, and Wang Yu. Current research hotspots include immune checkpoint inhibitors, combination therapies involving immunotherapy with targeted therapy, CAR-T cell therapy, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment, all of which underscore the evolving landscape and potential for innovative treatments in thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Wang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Pan
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiqin Ni
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhu Mu
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dingcun Luo
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Mathematical Medicine, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
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188
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Li J, Xu J, Liu Y, Chen L, Yu L, Xiao X, Wang Q. Factors influencing antibody response after COVID-19 recombinant protein vaccination in adults: A cross-sectional observational study, in Chongqing, China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2389602. [PMID: 39171541 PMCID: PMC11346555 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2389602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The factors affecting the antibody responses to the ZF2001 vaccine remain unknown. To address this, we conducted a cross-sectional serological study in the real world. Adults with no prior SARS-CoV-2 infection history and received three doses of ZF2001 vaccine were invited to our study in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic in Chongqing between 7 April 2021 and 17 November 2021. A questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain demographic characteristics, health information, and the frequency of lifestyles at the time of enrollment. A total of 266 eligible subjects aged 18 to 86 years, with a median age of 56.00 (IQR: 34-66) participated. 68.80% of them were female. Hypertension (13.16%) and diabetes (6.02%) were common comorbidities. Serum samples were collected at one month after the third dose of ZF2001 vaccination, and serological testing was conducted using the Pseudovirus-Based Neutralization Assay. The chi-square test was employed to compare seropositivity rates, and the Mann-Whitney U test or the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the neutralizing antibodies level in stratified groups. Subsequently, univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to identify the influencing factors. We observed that seropositivity rates was 76.32%, with 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 70.85%-81.03%, and geometric mean titer (GMT) was 120.26, with 95%CI 100.38-144.08. Age, diabetes, and frequently of alcohol were negative associations with antibody response (β = -0.2021, 95% CI: -0.2507 to -0.1535, β = -0.2873, 95% CI: -0.5590 to -0.0155, β = -0.2082, 95% CI: -0.3419 to-0.0746, P < 0.0001, P = 0.0384, P = 0.0024). Conversely, the -interval between 1 and 2 dose and frequently of tea were positive associations with antibody response (β = 0.1369, 95% CI: 0.0463 to 0.2275, β = 0.0830, 95% CI: 0.0106 to 0.1554, P = 0.0032, P = 0.0247). Overall, the ZF2001 vaccine-induced antibody response was influenced by a multifactor that may provide a reference for the development of personalized antigen vaccines and vaccination strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiao Li
- Expand Program on Immunization, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Expand Program on Immunization, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Expand Program on Immunization, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Expand Program on Immunization, Yuzhong District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Linling Yu
- Expand Program on Immunization, Yubei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Expand Program on Immunization, Jiulongpo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Expand Program on Immunization, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
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189
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Zhang X, Skarlupka AL, Shi H, Ross TM. COBRA N2 NA vaccines induce protective immune responses against influenza viral infection. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2403175. [PMID: 39291424 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2403175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza neuraminidase (NA) is a promising target for a broadly protective vaccine. In this study, the Computationally Optimized Broadly Reactive Antigen (COBRA) methodology was used to develop N2 NA vaccine candidates. The unique wild type (WT) N2 sequences of human and swine influenza strains isolated between 1957 and 2019 were used to design the COBRA N2-A NA vaccine, while the unique WT N2 sequences of human influenza strains isolated between 2000 and 2019 were used to design the COBRA N2-B NA vaccine. Sera collected from COBRA N2 NA vaccinated mice showed more broadly reactive antibody responses against a broad panel of H×N2 influenza virus strains than sera collected from mice vaccinated with WT N2 NA vaccines. Antibodies elicited by COBRA or WT N2 NA antigens cross react with recent human H3N2 influenza viruses from different clades, while the antibodies elicited by A/Switzerland/9715293/2013 hemagglutinin (HA) reacted with viruses from the same clade. Furthermore, mice vaccinated with COBRA N2-B NA vaccine had lower viral lung titers compared to mock vaccinated mice when challenged with human H3N2 influenza viruses. Thus, the COBRA N2 NA vaccines elicit broadly protective murine anti-NA antibodies against multiple strains across subtypes and the viral loads were significantly decreased in the lungs of the mice in the COBRA N2 NA vaccine groups, compared to the mice in the mock vaccinated group, indicating that the COBRA-based N2 subtype NA vaccines have a potential to be a component in a universal influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Zhang
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Amanda L Skarlupka
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Hua Shi
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ted M Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA
- Department of Infection Biology, Lehner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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190
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Pirosa MC, Stathis A, Zucca E. Tafasitamab for the treatment of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2309701. [PMID: 38299612 PMCID: PMC10841029 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2309701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) require additional treatments, especially those not eligible or not responding to high dose cytotoxic chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation. Over the last few years, several new treatments have been developed and approved for these patients, among them of particular relevance are those targeting CD19. Tafasitamab is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD19, composed of a modified fragment crystallizable (Fc) region engineered with higher affinity for Fc gamma receptors (FcγR) receptors, leading to increased cytotoxicity through natural killer cells and macrophages (antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis). In this product review, we will discuss its mechanism of action, safety profile and efficacy results from clinical trials that led to its approval in combination with lenalidomide for patients with R/R DLBCL ineligible for high-dose chemotherapy and autologous transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Pirosa
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Science, Universita’ della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Anastasios Stathis
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Science, Universita’ della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Zucca
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Science, Universita’ della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
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191
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Ellis R, Weiss A. Human vaccines and immunotherapeutics: News February 2024. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2327910. [PMID: 38478989 PMCID: PMC10939145 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2327910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Weiss
- Acquisitions Editor, Taylor & Francis Group
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192
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Hosman T, van Heesbeen R, Bastian AR, Hu W, Comeaux C, Ligtenberg N, van Montfort B, Callendret B, Heijnen E. Immunogenicity and safety of Ad26.RSV.preF/RSV preF protein vaccine at predicted intermediate- and end-of-shelf-life as an evaluation of potency throughout shelf life. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2344970. [PMID: 38783590 PMCID: PMC11135872 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2344970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study assessed three Ad26.RSV.preF/RSV preF protein combinations, combining different Ad26.RSV.preF doses and naturally aged preF protein, representing the expected critical vaccine quality attributes close to release, around intermediate shelf-life (ISL) and near-presumed end-of-shelf-life (EoSL), as a way to evaluate the vaccine immunogenicity and safety throughout its shelf-life. A single dose of Ad26.RSV.preF/RSV preF protein vaccine was administered to adults 60-75 years of age. Solicited adverse events (AEs), unsolicited AEs, and serious AEs (SAEs) were assessed for 7-day, 28-day, and 6-month periods after vaccination, respectively. RSV preF-binding antibody concentrations and RSV neutralizing titers were measured 14 days post-vaccination as primary and secondary endpoints, respectively; binding antibodies were also measured 6 months post-vaccination. The RSV preF-binding antibody responses induced by Ad26.RSV.preF/RSV preF protein vaccine lots representing the critical quality attributes around ISL and near presumed EoSL were noninferior to the responses induced by the vaccine lot representing the critical quality attributes near release. The RSV preF-binding and RSV neutralizing antibody levels measured 14 days post-vaccination were similar across the 3 groups. RSV preF-binding antibody concentrations were also similar 6 months post-vaccination. Solicited AEs were mostly mild to moderate in intensity, and a decreased reactogenicity was observed from the Release group to the ISL and EoSL group. None of the reported SAEs were considered related to study vaccination. The study provided evidence of sustained immunogenicity and safety over the intended shelf-life of the Ad26.RSV.pref/RSV preF protein vaccine. The three vaccine lots had acceptable safety profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Hosman
- Clinical Development and Medical Affairs, Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V ., Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roy van Heesbeen
- Clinical Development and Medical Affairs, Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V ., Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Weihong Hu
- Clinical Development and Medical Affairs, Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V ., Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christy Comeaux
- Clinical Development and Medical Affairs, Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V ., Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nynke Ligtenberg
- Clinical Development and Medical Affairs, Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V ., Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bart van Montfort
- Clinical Development and Medical Affairs, Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V ., Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Benoît Callendret
- Clinical Development and Medical Affairs, Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V ., Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Heijnen
- Clinical Development and Medical Affairs, Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V ., Leiden, The Netherlands
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193
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Carta V, Mangeri L, Tiecco G, Focà E, Quiros-Roldan E, De Francesco MA. Immunogenicity and safety of live attenuated and recombinant/inactivated varicella zoster vaccines in people living with HIV: A systematic review. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2341456. [PMID: 38650460 PMCID: PMC11042063 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2341456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Few papers focus their attention on VZV vaccination effectiveness among people living with HIV (PLWH). Flanking the live attenuated vaccine (VZL) available, a newly recombinant vaccine (RZV) was recently introduced and approved for HZ prevention among adults. PLWH represents a population on which a particular attention should be applied, in order to guarantee the vaccine efficacy and safety. We performed a literature search in USNLM, PubMed, PubMed Central, PMC and Cochrane Library. From all the publications found eligible, data were extracted and processed per population, vaccine type, immunogenicity and ADRs. The review of the 13 included studies shows that both RZV and VZL are immunogenic and have an acceptable safety profile in adults and children living with HIV. However, given the lack of research available about vaccine efficacy in preventing VZV and HZ in PLWH, additional studies need to be performed, in order to achieve a full completeness of data.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Vaccines, Attenuated/immunology
- Vaccines, Attenuated/adverse effects
- Vaccines, Attenuated/administration & dosage
- HIV Infections/immunology
- HIV Infections/prevention & control
- Herpes Zoster Vaccine/immunology
- Herpes Zoster Vaccine/adverse effects
- Herpes Zoster Vaccine/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/adverse effects
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Herpes Zoster/prevention & control
- Herpes Zoster/immunology
- Vaccines, Inactivated/immunology
- Vaccines, Inactivated/adverse effects
- Vaccines, Inactivated/administration & dosage
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Vaccine Efficacy
- Herpesvirus 3, Human/immunology
- Adult
- Child
- Vaccination
- Chickenpox Vaccine/immunology
- Chickenpox Vaccine/administration & dosage
- Chickenpox Vaccine/adverse effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Carta
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lucia Mangeri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Tiecco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Emanuele Focà
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eugenia Quiros-Roldan
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maria Antonia De Francesco
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Microbiology, University of Brescia-ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
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194
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Huang T, Yu J, Zhang S, Teng D, Dai D, Zhu Y, Gao L. Immunogenicity and safety of concomitant administration of recombinant COVID-19 vaccine and quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in Chinese adults: An open-label, randomized, controlled trial. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2330770. [PMID: 38602539 PMCID: PMC11017946 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2330770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The immunogenicity and safety of the concomitant administration of recombinant COVID-19 vaccine and quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (Split Virion) (QIIV) in Chinese adults are unclear. In this open-label, randomized controlled trial, participants aged ≥ 18 years were recruited. Eligible healthy adults were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive QIIV at the same time as the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine (simultaneous-group) or 14 days after the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine (non-simultaneous-group). The primary outcome was to compare the difference in immunogenicity of QIIV (H1N1, H3N2, Yamagata, and Victoria) between the two groups. A total of 299 participants were enrolled, 149 in the simultaneous-group and 150 in the non-simultaneous-group. There were no significant differences in geometric mean titer (GMT) [H1N1: 386.4 (95%CI: 299.2-499.0) vs. 497.4 (95%CI: 377.5-655.3); H3N2: 66.9 (95%CI: 56.1-79.8) vs. 81.4 (95%CI: 67.9-97.5); Yamagata: 95.6 (95%CI: 79.0-115.8) vs. 74.3 (95%CI: 58.6-94.0); and Victoria: 48.5 (95%CI: 37.6-62.6) vs. 65.8 (95%CI: 49.0-88.4)] and seroconversion rate (H1N1: 87.5% vs. 90.1%; H3N2: 58.1% vs. 62.0%; Yamagata: 75.0% vs. 64.5%; and Victoria: 55.1% vs. 62.8%) of QIIV antibodies between the simultaneous and non-simultaneous groups. For the seroprotection rate of QIIV antibodies, a higher seroprotection rate of Yamagata antibody was observed only in the simultaneous-group than in the non-simultaneous-group [86.0% vs. 76.0%, p = .040]. In addition, no significant difference in adverse events was observed between the two groups (14.2% vs. 23.5%, p = .053). In conclusion, no immune interference or safety concerns were found for concomitant administration of COVID-19 vaccine with QIIV in adults aged ≥ 18 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Department of Vaccine Clinical Observation Center, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yu
- Jiangsu GDK Biological Technology Co, Ltd, Taizhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Department of Vaccine Clinical Observation Center, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Dewei Teng
- Department of Vaccine Clinical Observation Center, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Defang Dai
- Department of Vaccine Clinical Observation Center, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yinbiao Zhu
- Jiangsu GDK Biological Technology Co, Ltd, Taizhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Lidong Gao
- Department of Vaccine Clinical Observation Center, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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195
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Huang L, Hu W, Jiang Y, Hong W. Association between friends' hesitancy and personal COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Chinese medical staff. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2344290. [PMID: 38682698 PMCID: PMC11078117 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2344290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy remains problematic among healthcare workers. Social network influences may shape vaccine decision-making, but few studies have examined this in this critical workforce. We assessed the relationship between friends' COVID-19 vaccination attitudes and personal hesitancy among Chinese healthcare personnel. In December 2022-January 2023, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted at a tertiary hospital in China using WeChat. Of the 1832 healthcare personnel who were invited to answer the structured questionnaire, 613 (33.5%) samples had valid data for data analysis. Logistic regression examined the association between friends' hesitancy and participants' own hesitancy, adjusting for confounders. Of 613 healthcare workers included, 266 (43.4%) were hesitant. Those with hesitant friends had 6.34 times higher adjusted odds of hesitating themselves versus those without hesitant friends (95% CI 2.97-13.52). Strong associations persisted across subgroups. Chinese healthcare workers' COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy was highly influenced by perceived friends' attitudes. Fostering pro-vaccine social norms through trusted peer networks could help promote vaccine acceptance in this critical workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Huang
- Department of Emergency, Huangyan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwei Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou First People’s Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanhong Jiang
- Department of Outpatient, Taizhou First People’s Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwen Hong
- Department of Anus & Intestine Surgery, Taizhou First People’s Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
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196
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Rebuzzi SE, Fornarini G, Signori A, Rescigno P, Banna GL, Buti S. Banana-shaped survival curves of metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with first-line immune-combinations, not just a matter of "palateau". Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2351669. [PMID: 38757563 PMCID: PMC11110690 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2351669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The first-line therapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has revolutionized with the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in combination with or without tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The choice among the many different immuno-combinations (ICI-ICI or ICI-TKI) is challenging due to the lack of predictive factors. The different shapes of the Kaplan-Meier survival curves (e.g. "banana-shaped curves") have raised many questions on the long-term survival benefit. Here, we analyzed the factors that could have impacted the different long-term survival, including the prognostic factors distribution (IMDC score), histological factors (sarcomatoid features, PD-L1 expression), and treatment characteristics (mechanism of action, duration, discontinuation rate). This overview highlights the factors that should be considered in the first-line setting for the patients' therapeutic choice and prognostic assessment. They are also fundamental parameters to examined for head-to-head studies and real-life, large-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Elena Rebuzzi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale San Paolo, Savona, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Di.M.I.), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fornarini
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessio Signori
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Section of Biostatistics, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Pasquale Rescigno
- Translationsal and Clinical Research Institute, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Interdisciplinary Group for Translational Research and Clinical Trials, Urological Cancers (GIRT-Uro), Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Luigi Banna
- Department of Oncology, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
- Faculty of Science and Health, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Sebastiano Buti
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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197
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Shi R, Liu X, Wang Y, Pan M, Wang S, Shi L, Ni B. Long-term stability and immunogenicity of lipid nanoparticle COVID-19 mRNA vaccine is affected by particle size. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2342592. [PMID: 38714327 PMCID: PMC11085994 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2342592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) technology has been rapidly applied for the development of the COVID-19 vaccine. However, naked mRNA itself is inherently unstable. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) protect mRNAs from extracellular ribonucleases and facilitate mRNA trafficking. For mRNA vaccines, antigen-presenting cells utilize LNPs through uptake to elicit antigen-specific immunity. There are reports on the impact of various physical characteristics of LNPs, particularly those with sizes less than 200 nm, especially 50 to 150 nm, on the overall stability and protective efficacy of mRNA vaccines. To address this, a single change in the size of LNPs using the same mRNA stock solution was assessed for the physicochemical characterization of the resulting mRNA-LNPs vaccine, along with the evaluation of their protective efficacy. Particles of smaller sizes generally disperse more effectively in solutions, with minimized occurrence of particle precipitation and aggregation. Here, we demonstrate that the vaccine containing 80-100 nm mRNA-LNPs showed the best stability and protection at 4°C and -20°C. Furthermore, we can conclude that freezing the vaccine at -20°C is more appropriate for maintaining stability over the long term. This effort is poised to provide a scientific basis for improving the quality of ongoing mRNA vaccine endeavors and providing information on the development of novel products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimeng Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Xueli Liu
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Hebei Research Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Inspection, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Research and Development Department, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Meilu Pan
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Hebei Research Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Inspection, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Shaoqin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Lin Shi
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Hebei Research Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Inspection, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Beibei Ni
- Research and Development Department, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, PR China
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198
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Goldstein N, McLean C, Gaddah A, Doua J, Keshinro B, Bus-Jacobs L, Hendriks J, Luhn K, Robinson C, Douoguih M. Lot-to-lot consistency, immunogenicity, and safety of the Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo Ebola virus vaccine regimen: A phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2327747. [PMID: 38523332 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2327747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This phase-3, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (NCT04228783) evaluated lot-to-lot consistency of the Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo Ebola vaccine regimen. Participants were randomized (6:6:6:1) to receive the two-dose regimen from three consecutively manufactured lots of Ad26.ZEBOV on Day 1 paired with three consecutively manufactured lots of MVA-BN-Filo on Day 57 (Groups 1-3) or two doses of placebo (Group 4). An additional cohort also received an Ad26.ZEBOV booster or placebo 4 months post-dose 2. Equivalence of the immunogenicity at 21 days post-dose 2 between any two groups was demonstrated if the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the Ebola virus glycoprotein (EBOV GP)-binding antibody geometric mean concentration (GMC) ratio was entirely within the prespecified margin of 0.5-2.0. Lot-to-lot consistency (i.e., consecutive lots can be consistently manufactured) was accomplished if equivalence was shown for all three pairwise comparisons. Results showed that the primary objective in the per-protocol immunogenicity subset (n = 549) was established for each pairwise comparison (Group 1 vs 2: GMC ratio = 0.9 [95% CI: 0.8, 1.1], Group 1 vs 3: 0.9 [0.8, 1.1], Group 2 vs 3: 1.0 [0.9, 1.2]). Equivalence of the three groups for the Ad26.ZEBOV component only was also demonstrated at 56 days post-dose 1. EBOV GP-binding antibody responses (post-vaccination concentrations >2.5-fold from baseline) were observed in 419/421 (99.5%) vaccine recipients at 21 days post-dose 2 and 445/460 (96.7%) at 56 days post-dose 1. In the booster cohort (n = 39), GMCs increased 9.0- and 11.8-fold at 7 and 21 days post-booster, respectively, versus pre-booster. Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo was well tolerated, and no safety issues were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Goldstein
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Chelsea McLean
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Jenny Hendriks
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kerstin Luhn
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V, Leiden, The Netherlands
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199
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Brohman I, Blank G, Mitchell H, Dubé E, Bettinger JA. Opportunities for HPV vaccine education in school-based immunization programs in British Columbia, Canada: A qualitative study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2326779. [PMID: 38517252 PMCID: PMC10962613 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2326779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of school-based immunization programs (SBIPs) in Canada, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake remains suboptimal. Vaccine education may improve vaccine uptake among adolescents. The objective of this qualitative study was to identify opportunities for HPV vaccine education in British Columbia, Canada, by exploring the perspectives of students, parents, school staff, and public health nurses on the current SBIP. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with adult participants and focus groups were conducted with grade 6 students between November 2019 and May 2020. The interviews and focus groups were transcribed and then analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Opportunities for HPV vaccine education were identified in three themes: 1) making SBIPs student-centered; 2) adopting a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach to vaccine education; and 3) actualizing parent education opportunities. Broad support existed for a formal, collaborative HPV grade 6 vaccine curriculum delivered by teachers and public health nurses to provide evidence-based health information. Participants voiced that the curriculum should integrate students' perspectives on topics of interest and address needle associated pain and anxiety. Parents were identified as the primary vaccine decisionmakers, therefore, participants stated it was crucial to also provide parent-directed vaccine education as part of SBIP. Our findings support the development of a collaborative HPV vaccine curriculum directed to and informed by students and parents to buttress current SBIPs in British Columbia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Brohman
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gabriel Blank
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hana Mitchell
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Eve Dubé
- Department of Anthropology, Laval University, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Julie A. Bettinger
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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200
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Wang M, Liang H, Yan Y, Bian R, Huang W, Zhang X, Nie J. Distribution of HPV types among women with HPV-related diseases and exploration of lineages and variants of HPV 52 and 58 among HPV-infected patients in China: A systematic literature review. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2343192. [PMID: 38745409 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2343192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
To summarize the distribution of types of human papillomavirus (HPV) associated with HPV-related diseases and investigate the potential causes of high prevalence of HPV 52 and 58 by summarizing the prevalence of lineages, sub-lineages, and mutations among Chinese women. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, and WanFang from January, 2012 to June, 2023 to identify all the eligible studies. We excluded patients who had received HPV vaccinations. Data were summarized in tables and cloud/rain maps. A total of 102 studies reporting HPV distribution and 15 studies reporting HPV52/HPV58 variants were extracted. Among Chinese women, the top five prevalent HPV types associated with cervical cancer (CC) were HPV16, 18, 58, 52, and 33. In patients with vaginal cancers and precancerous lesions, the most common HPV types were 16 and 52 followed by 58. For women with condyloma acuminatum (CA), the most common HPV types were 11 and 6. In Chinese women with HPV infection, lineage B was the most prominently identified for HPV52, and lineage A was the most common for HPV58. In addition to HPV types 16, which is prevalent worldwide, our findings revealed the unique high prevalence of HPV 52/58 among Chinese women with HPV-related diseases. HPV 52 variants were predominantly biased toward lineage B and sub-lineage B2, and HPV 58 variants were strongly biased toward lineage A and sub-lineage A1. Further investigations on the association between the high prevalent lineage and sub-lineage in HPV 52/58 and the risk of cancer risk are needed. Our findings underscore the importance of vaccination with the nine-valent HPV vaccine in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products and NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
| | - Haoyu Liang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products and NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
| | - Yue Yan
- Merck Research Laboratories (MRL) Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Bian
- Merck Research Laboratories (MRL) Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijin Huang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products and NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- Merck Research Laboratories (MRL) Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhui Nie
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products and NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
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