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Missier MS, Mahesh R, Dinesh SPS, Rajeshkumar S, Amalorpavam V. In-Vitro Cytotoxic Evaluation of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Using L929 Cell Lines. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1468-S1473. [PMID: 38882869 PMCID: PMC11174319 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_824_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Tooth movement in orthodontic therapy is connected to the frictional force that is created as the wire passes over the bracket. It is possible for teeth to move quickly when friction is at a minimum. Wires coated with nanoparticles have been found to reduce friction as a result of current developments in the orthodontics sector. Having an antimicrobial property is an added benefit. To reduce the friction generated by brackets, wires, and bands by lessening their cytotoxicity, this study examines the potential use of TiO2 nanoparticles in orthodontics. A monolayer of L929 was utilized in an indirect cytotoxicity test to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the coated orthodontic wire. The absence of reactive zones in our sample data demonstrates that TiO2 is not cytotoxic. Considering the results of our study, we conclude that TiO2 is secure for use as a coating for orthodontic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Sheloni Missier
- Department of Orthodontics, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Mahesh
- Department of Pedodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S P Saravana Dinesh
- Department of Pedodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Rajeshkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Amalorpavam
- Department of Prosthodontics, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
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Gulzar N, Andleeb S, Raza A, Ali S, Liaqat I, Raja SA, Ali NM, Khan R, Awan UA. Acute Toxicity, Anti-diabetic, and Anti-cancerous Potential of Trillium Govanianum-conjugated Silver Nanoparticles in Balb/c Mice. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:1304-1320. [PMID: 37594092 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230818124025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study aimed to develop an economic plant-based therapeutic agent to improve the treatment strategies for diseases at the nano-scale because Cancer and Diabetes mellitus are major concerns in developing countries. Therefore, in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic and anti-cancerous activities of Trillium govanianum conjugated silver nanoparticles were assessed. METHODS In the current study synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Trillium govanianum and characterization were done using a scanning electron microscope, UV-visible spectrophotometer, and FTIR analysis. The in vitro and in vivo anti-diabetic and anti-cancerous potential (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) were carried out. RESULTS It was discovered that Balb/c mice did not show any major alterations during observation of acute oral toxicity when administered orally both TGaqu (1000 mg/kg) and TGAgNPs (1000 mg/kg), and results revealed that 1000 mg/kg is not lethal dose as did not find any abnormalities in epidermal and dermal layers when exposed to TGAgNPs. In vitro studies showed that TGAgNPs could not only inhibit alpha-glucosidase and protein kinases but were also potent against the brine shrimp. Though, a significant reduction in blood glucose levels and significant anti-cancerous effects was recorded when alloxan-treated and CCl4-induced mice were treated with TGAgNPs and TGaqu. CONCLUSION Both in vivo and in vitro studies revealed that TGaqu and TGAgNPs are not toxic at 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg doses and possess strong anti-diabetic and anti-cancerous effects due to the presence of phyto-constituents. Further, suggesting that green synthesized silver nanoparticles could be used in pharmaceutical industries to develop potent therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Gulzar
- Department of Zoology, Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Andleeb
- Department of Zoology, Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Pakistan
| | - Abida Raza
- PMAS-arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iram Liaqat
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Azad Raja
- Bioscience Department, COMSATS University, Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Mazhar Ali
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rida Khan
- Department of Zoology, Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Azeem Awan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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3
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O’Shaughnessy M, Sheils O, Baird AM. The Lung Microbiome in COPD and Lung Cancer: Exploring the Potential of Metal-Based Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12296. [PMID: 37569672 PMCID: PMC10419288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer 17 are two of the most prevalent and debilitating respiratory diseases worldwide, both associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. As major global health concerns, they impose a substantial burden on patients, healthcare systems, and society at large. Despite their distinct aetiologies, lung cancer and COPD share common risk factors, clinical features, and pathological pathways, which have spurred increasing research interest in their co-occurrence. One area of particular interest is the role of the lung microbiome in the development and progression of these diseases, including the transition from COPD to lung cancer. Exploring novel therapeutic strategies, such as metal-based drugs, offers a potential avenue for targeting the microbiome in these diseases to improve patient outcomes. This review aims to provide an overview of the current understanding of the lung microbiome, with a particular emphasis on COPD and lung cancer, and to discuss the potential of metal-based drugs as a therapeutic strategy for these conditions, specifically concerning targeting the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan O’Shaughnessy
- School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
| | - Orla Sheils
- School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne-Marie Baird
- School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland
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4
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Mertens J, Alami A, Arijs K. Comparative in vivo toxicokinetics of silver powder, nanosilver and soluble silver compounds after oral administration to rats. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:1859-1872. [PMID: 37195448 PMCID: PMC10256634 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03511-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Silver (Ag; massive, powder and nanoform) and Ag compounds are used in industrial, medical and consumer applications, with potential for human exposure. Uncertainties exist about their comparative mammalian toxicokinetic ('TK') profiles, including their relative oral route bioavailability, especially for Ag massive and powder forms. This knowledge gap impedes concluding on the grouping of Ag and Ag compounds for hazard assessment purposes. Therefore, an in vivo TK study was performed in a rat model. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed via oral gavage for up to 28 days to silver acetate (AgAc; 5, 55, 175 mg/kg(bw)/d), silver nitrate (AgNO3; 5, 55, 125 mg/kg(bw)/d), nanosilver (AgNP; 15 nm diameter; 3.6, 36, 360 mg/kg(bw)/d) or silver powder (AgMP; 0.35 µm diameter; 36, 180, 1000 mg/kg(bw)/d). Total Ag concentrations were determined in blood and tissues to provide data on comparative systemic exposure to Ag and differentials in achieved tissue Ag levels. AgAc and AgNO3 were the most bioavailable forms with comparable and linear TK profiles (achieved systemic exposures and tissue concentrations). AgMP administration led to systemic exposures of about an order of magnitude less, with tissue Ag concentrations 2-3 orders of magnitude lower and demonstrating non-linear kinetics. The apparent oral bioavailability of AgNP was intermediate between AgAc/AgNO3 and AgMP. For all test items, highest tissue Ag concentrations were in the gastrointestinal tract and reticuloendothelial organs, whereas brain and testis were minor sites of distribution. It was concluded that the oral bioavailability of AgMP was very limited. These findings provide hazard assessment context for various Ag test items and support the prediction that Ag in massive and powder forms exhibit low toxicity potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Mertens
- European Precious Metals Federation, Avenue de Tervueren 168 Box 6, 1150, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Anissa Alami
- European Precious Metals Federation, Avenue de Tervueren 168 Box 6, 1150, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katrien Arijs
- European Precious Metals Federation, Avenue de Tervueren 168 Box 6, 1150, Brussels, Belgium
- ARCHE Consulting, Liefkensstraat 35D, 9032 Wondelgem, Ghent, Belgium
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5
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Qi M, Wang X, Chen J, Liu Y, Liu Y, Jia J, Li L, Yue T, Gao L, Yan B, Zhao B, Xu M. Transformation, Absorption and Toxicological Mechanisms of Silver Nanoparticles in the Gastrointestinal Tract Following Oral Exposure. ACS NANO 2023; 17:8851-8865. [PMID: 37145866 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Oral exposure is known as the primary way for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which are commonly used as food additives or antibacterial agents in commercial products, to enter the human body. Although the health risk of AgNPs has been a concern and extensively researched over the past few decades, there are still numerous knowledge gaps that need to be filled to disclose what AgNPs experience in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and how they cause oral toxicity. In order to gain more insight into the fate of AgNPs in the GIT, the main gastrointestinal transformation of AgNPs, including aggregation/disaggregation, oxidative dissolution, chlorination, sulfuration, and corona formation, is first described. Second, the intestinal absorption of AgNPs is presented to show how AgNPs interact with epithelial cells and cross the intestinal barrier. Then, more importantly, we make an overview of the mechanisms underlying the oral toxicity of AgNPs in light of recent advances as well as the factors affecting the nano-bio interactions in the GIT, which have rarely been thoroughly elaborated in published literature. At last, we emphatically discuss the issues that need to be addressed in the future to answer the question "How does oral exposure to AgNPs cause detrimental effects on the human body?".
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Qi
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yin Liu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, HFIPS, Anhui, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jianbo Jia
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lingxiangyu Li
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tongtao Yue
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Lirong Gao
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ming Xu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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6
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Yun Z, Qin D, Wei F, Xiaobing L. Application of antibacterial nanoparticles in orthodontic materials. NANOTECHNOLOGY REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2022-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
During the orthodontic process, increased microbial colonization and dental plaque formation on the orthodontic appliances and auxiliaries are major complications, causing oral infectious diseases, such as dental caries and periodontal diseases. To reduce plaque accumulation, antimicrobial materials are increasingly being investigated and applied to orthodontic appliances and auxiliaries by various methods. Through the development of nanotechnology, nanoparticles (NPs) have been reported to exhibit excellent antibacterial properties and have been applied in orthodontic materials to decrease dental plaque accumulation. In this review, we present the current development, antibacterial mechanisms, biocompatibility, and application of antibacterial NPs in orthodontic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610041 , China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610041 , China
| | - Du Qin
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu , 610072 , China
| | - Fei Wei
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu , 610072 , China
| | - Li Xiaobing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610041 , China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610041 , China
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7
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Landsiedel R, Hahn D, Ossig R, Ritz S, Sauer L, Buesen R, Rehm S, Wohlleben W, Groeters S, Strauss V, Sperber S, Wami H, Dobrindt U, Prior K, Harmsen D, van Ravenzwaay B, Schnekenburger J. Gut microbiome and plasma metabolome changes in rats after oral gavage of nanoparticles: sensitive indicators of possible adverse health effects. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:21. [PMID: 35321750 PMCID: PMC8941749 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00459-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oral uptake of nanoparticles is an important route of human exposure and requires solid models for hazard assessment. While the systemic availability is generally low, ingestion may not only affect gastrointestinal tissues but also intestinal microbes. The gut microbiota contributes essentially to human health, whereas gut microbial dysbiosis is known to promote several intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites, which are found in the blood stream, serve as key molecular mediators of host metabolism and immunity. RESULTS Gut microbiota and the plasma metabolome were analyzed in male Wistar rats receiving either SiO2 (1000 mg/kg body weight/day) or Ag nanoparticles (100 mg/kg body weight/day) during a 28-day oral gavage study. Comprehensive clinical, histopathological and hematological examinations showed no signs of nanoparticle-induced toxicity. In contrast, the gut microbiota was affected by both nanoparticles, with significant alterations at all analyzed taxonomical levels. Treatments with each of the nanoparticles led to an increased abundance of Prevotellaceae, a family with gut species known to be correlated with intestinal inflammation. Only in Ag nanoparticle-exposed animals, Akkermansia, a genus known for its protective impact on the intestinal barrier was depleted to hardly detectable levels. In SiO2 nanoparticles-treated animals, several genera were significantly reduced, including probiotics such as Enterococcus. From the analysis of 231 plasma metabolites, we found 18 metabolites to be significantly altered in Ag-or SiO2 nanoparticles-treated rats. For most of these metabolites, an association with gut microbiota has been reported previously. Strikingly, both nanoparticle-treatments led to a significant reduction of gut microbiota-derived indole-3-acetic acid in plasma. This ligand of the arylhydrocarbon receptor is critical for regulating immunity, stem cell maintenance, cellular differentiation and xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. CONCLUSIONS The combined profiling of intestinal microbiome and plasma metabolome may serve as an early and sensitive indicator of gut microbiome changes induced by orally administered nanoparticles; this will help to recognize potential adverse effects of these changes to the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Landsiedel
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, 67056, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela Hahn
- Biomedical Technology Center of the Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, Mendelstrasse 17, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Rainer Ossig
- Biomedical Technology Center of the Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, Mendelstrasse 17, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Sabrina Ritz
- Biomedical Technology Center of the Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, Mendelstrasse 17, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Lydia Sauer
- Biomedical Technology Center of the Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, Mendelstrasse 17, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Roland Buesen
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, 67056, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Sascha Rehm
- HB Technologies AG, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Medical Data Integration Center, University Tuebingen, 72072, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Sibylle Groeters
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, 67056, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Volker Strauss
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, 67056, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Saskia Sperber
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, 67056, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Haleluya Wami
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Muenster, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Ulrich Dobrindt
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Muenster, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Karola Prior
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University Hospital Muenster, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Dag Harmsen
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University Hospital Muenster, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | | | - Juergen Schnekenburger
- Biomedical Technology Center of the Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, Mendelstrasse 17, 48149, Muenster, Germany.
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Lin S, Wu F, Cao Z, Liu J. Advances in Nanomedicines for Interaction with the Intestinal Barrier. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Shanghai Cancer Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200127 China
| | - Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Shanghai Cancer Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200127 China
| | - Zhenping Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Shanghai Cancer Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200127 China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Shanghai Cancer Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200127 China
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Utembe W, Tlotleng N, Kamng'ona AW. A systematic review on the effects of nanomaterials on gut microbiota. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2022; 3:100118. [PMID: 35909630 PMCID: PMC9325792 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials have been shown to affect gut microbiota (GM) both in vivo and in vitro. The effects have been shown to depend on size, dose, dose duration and functional groups. In general, more studies seem to indicate dose-dependent adverse effects of NMs towards GM. Standardized protocols are needed for characterization of NMs, dosing, and test systems (both in vitro and in vivo).
Some nanomaterials (NMs) have been shown to possess antimicrobial activity and cause GM dysbiosis. Since NMs are being used widely, a systematic assessment of the effects of NMs on GM is warranted. In this systematic review, a total of 46 in vivo and 22 in vitro studies were retrieved from databases and search engines including Science-Direct, Pubmed and Google scholar. Criteria for assessment of studies included use of in vitro or in vivo studies, characterization of NMs, use of single or multiple doses as well as consistency of results. GM dysbiosis has been studied most widely on TiO2, Ag, Zn-based NMs. There was moderate evidence for GM dysbiosis caused by Zn- and Cu-based NMs, Cu-loaded chitosan NPs and Ag NMs, and anatase TiO2 NPs, as well as low evidence for SWCNTs, nanocellulose, SiO2, Se, nanoplastics, CeO2, MoO3 and graphene-based NMs. Most studies indicate adverse effects of NMs towards GM. However, more work is required to elucidate the differences on the reported effects of NM by type and sex of organisms, size, shape and surface properties of NMs as well as effects of exposure to mixtures of NMs. For consistency and better agreement among studies on GM dysbiosis, there is need for internationally agreed protocols on, inter alia, characterization of NMs, dosing (amounts, frequency and duration), use of sonication, test systems (both in vitro and in vivo), including oxygen levels for in vitro models.
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10
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Yan S, Tian S, Meng Z, Sun W, Xu N, Jia M, Huang S, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Diao J, Zhu W. Synergistic effect of ZnO NPs and imidacloprid on liver injury in male ICR mice: Increase the bioavailability of IMI by targeting the gut microbiota. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 294:118676. [PMID: 34906595 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although many toxicological studies on pesticides and nanoparticles have been conducted, it is not clear whether nanoparticles will increase the toxicity of pesticides. In this study, we chose imidacloprid (IMI) as a representative pesticide, and explored the influence of ZnO NPs on the toxic effect of IMI. In addition, we studied the bioaccumulation of IMI in mice. Using biochemical index analysis, liver histopathological analysis, non-targeted metabolomics, and LC/MS analysis, we found that ZnO NPs increased the toxicity of IMI, which may be related to the increase in IMI bioaccumulation in mice. In addition, we used intestinal histopathological analysis, RT-qPCR, and 16sRNA sequencing to find that the disturbance of the gut microbiota and the impaired intestinal barrier caused by ZnO NPs may be the reason for the increase in IMI bioaccumulation. In summary, our results indicate that ZnO NPs disrupted the intestinal barrier and enhanced the bioaccumulation of IMI, and therefore increased the toxicity of IMI in mice. Our research has deepened the toxicological insights between nanomaterials and pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sinuo Tian
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ming Jia
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shiran Huang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jinling Diao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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11
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Glinski A, Lima de Souza T, Zablocki da Luz J, Bezerra Junior AG, Camargo de Oliveira C, de Oliveira Ribeiro CA, Filipak Neto F. Toxicological effects of silver nanoparticles and cadmium chloride in macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7): An in vitro approach. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 68:126854. [PMID: 34488184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are largely used in nanotechnological products, but the real risks for human and environment are still poorly understood if we consider the effects of mixtures of AgNP and environmental contaminants, such as non-essential metals. METHODS The aim of the present study was to investigate the cytotoxicity and toxicological interaction of AgNP (1-4 nm, 0.36 and 3.6 μg mL-1) and cadmium (Cd, 1 and 10 μM) mixtures. The murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 was used as a model. RESULTS Effects were observed after a few hours (4 h) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and became more pronounced after 24 h-exposure. Cell death occurred by apoptosis, and loss of cell viability (24 h-exposure) was preceded by increases of ROS levels and DNA repair foci, but not of NO levels. Co-exposure potentiated some effects (decrease of cell viability and increase of ROS and NO levels), indicating toxicological interaction. CONCLUSION These effects are important findings that must be better investigated, since the interaction of Cd with AgNP from nanoproducts may impair the function of macrophages and represent a health risk for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Glinski
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Tugstênio Lima de Souza
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Jessica Zablocki da Luz
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Arandi Ginane Bezerra Junior
- Laboratório Fotonanobio, Departamento Acadêmico de Física, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, CEP 80.230-901, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Carolina Camargo de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Células Inflamatórias e Neoplásicas, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Francisco Filipak Neto
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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12
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Estevan C, Vilanova E, Sogorb MA. Case study: risk associated to wearing silver or graphene nanoparticle-coated facemasks for protection against COVID-19. Arch Toxicol 2021; 96:105-119. [PMID: 34786588 PMCID: PMC8594636 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03187-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The world is living a pandemic situation derived from the worldwide spreading of SARS-CoV-2 virus causing COVID-19. Facemasks have proven to be one of the most effective prophylactic measures to avoid the infection that has made that wearing of facemasks has become mandatory in most of the developed countries. Silver and graphene nanoparticles have proven to have antimicrobial properties and are used as coating of these facemasks to increase the effectivity of the textile fibres. In the case of silver nanoparticles, we have estimated that in a real scenario the systemic (internal) exposure derived from wearing these silver nanoparticle facemasks would be between 7.0 × 10–5 and 2.8 × 10–4 mg/kg bw/day. In addition, we estimated conservative systemic no effect levels between 0.075 and 0.01 mg/kg bw/day. Therefore, we estimate that the chronic exposure to silver nanoparticles derived form facemasks wearing is safe. In the case of graphene, we detected important gaps in the database, especially regarding toxicokinetics, which prevents the derivation of a systemic no effect level. Nevertheless, the qualitative approach suggests that the risk of dermal repeated exposure to graphene is very low, or even negligible. We estimated that for both nanomaterials, the risk of skin sensitisation and genotoxicity is also negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Estevan
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - Eugenio Vilanova
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - Miguel A Sogorb
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 03202, Elche, Spain.
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13
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Lotfipour F, Shahi S, Farjami A, Salatin S, Mahmoudian M, Dizaj SM. Safety and Toxicity Issues of Therapeutically Used Nanoparticles from the Oral Route. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9322282. [PMID: 34746313 PMCID: PMC8570876 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9322282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The emerging science of nanotechnology sparked a research attention in its potential benefits in comparison to the conventional materials used. Oral products prepared via nanoparticles (NPs) have garnered great interest worldwide. They are used commonly to incorporate nutrients and provide antimicrobial activity. Formulation into NPs can offer opportunities for targeted drug delivery, improve drug stability in the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, increase drug solubility and bioavailability, and provide sustained release in the GI tract. However, some issues like the management of toxicity and safe handling of NPs are still debated and should be well concerned before their application in oral preparations. This article will help the reader to understand safety issues of NPs in oral drug delivery and provides some recommendations to the use of NPs in the drug industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Lotfipour
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahriar Shahi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Farjami
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Salatin
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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14
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Tang M, Li S, Wei L, Hou Z, Qu J, Li L. Do Engineered Nanomaterials Affect Immune Responses by Interacting With Gut Microbiota? Front Immunol 2021; 12:684605. [PMID: 34594323 PMCID: PMC8476765 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.684605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have been widely exploited in several industrial domains as well as our daily life, raising concern over their potential adverse effects. While in general ENMs do not seem to have detrimental effects on immunity or induce severe inflammation, their indirect effects on immunity are less known. In particular, since the gut microbiota has been tightly associated with human health and immunity, it is possible that ingested ENMs could affect intestinal immunity indirectly by modulating the microbial community composition and functions. In this perspective, we provide a few pieces of evidence and discuss a possible link connecting ENM exposure, gut microbiota and host immune response. Some experimental works suggest that excessive exposure to ENMs could reshape the gut microbiota, thereby modulating the epithelium integrity and the inflammatory state in the intestine. Within such microenvironment, numerous microbiota-derived components, including but not limited to SCFAs and LPS, may serve as important effectors responsible of the ENM effect on intestinal immunity. Therefore, the gut microbiota is implicated as a crucial regulator of the intestinal immunity upon ENM exposure. This calls for including gut microbiota analysis within future work to assess ENM biocompatibility and immunosafety. This also calls for refinement of future studies that should be designed more elaborately and realistically to mimic the human exposure situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Tang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lan Wei
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Zhaohua Hou
- Department of Surgery, Sloan Kettering Institute Z427-D, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Research Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jing Qu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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15
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Li H, Li QQ, Hong Y. Global gene expression signatures in response to citrate-coated silver nanoparticles exposure. Toxicology 2021; 461:152898. [PMID: 34403730 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in medical and commercial products for their unique antibacterial functions. However, the impact of AgNPs on human neural development is not well understood. To investigate the effect of AgNPs on human neural development, various doses of 20 nm citrate-coated AgNP (AgSC) were administered to human embryonic stem cell derived neural progenitors during the neuronal differentiation. Immunofluorescence staining with neuronal progenitor markers SOX2 (sex determining region Y-box 2) and Nestin (VI intermediate filament protein) showed that AgSC inhibited rosette formation, neuronal progenitor proliferation, and neurite outgrowth. Furthermore, AgSC promoted astrocyte activation and neuronal apoptosis. These adverse effects can be partially recovered with ascorbic acid. A genome-wide transcriptome analysis of both AgSC treated and untreated samples indicated that the most up-graduated genes were a group of Metallothionein (1F, 1E, 2A) proteins, a metal-binding protein that plays an essential role in metal homeostasis, heavy metal detoxification, and cellular anti-oxidative defence. The most significantly down-regulated genes were neuronal differentiation 6 (NEUROD6) and fork head box G1 (FOXG1). GO analyse indicated that the regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process, neuron differentiation, synapse organization and pattern specification, oliogenesis, and neuronal apoptosis were the most impacted biological processes. KEGG pathway analyse showed that the most significantly impacted pathways were C5 isoprenoid, axon guidance, Notch, WNT, RAS-MAPK signalling pathways, lysosome, and apoptosis. Our data suggests that AgSCs interfered with metal homeostasis and cholesterol biosynthesis which induced oxidative stress, inhibited neurogenesis, axon guidance, and promoted apoptosis. Supplementation with ascorbic acid could act as an antioxidant to prevent AgSC-mediated neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766-1854, USA
| | - Qingshun Q Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766-1854, USA.
| | - Yiling Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766-1854, USA.
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16
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Bredeck G, Kämpfer AAM, Sofranko A, Wahle T, Lison D, Ambroise J, Stahlmecke B, Albrecht C, Schins RPF. Effects of dietary exposure to the engineered nanomaterials CeO 2, SiO 2, Ag, and TiO 2 on the murine gut microbiome. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:934-950. [PMID: 34380002 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1940339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rodent studies on the effects of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) on the gut microbiome have revealed contradictory results. Our aim was to assess the effects of four well-investigated model ENM using a realistic exposure scenario. Two independent ad libitum feeding studies were performed. In study 1, female mice from the local breeding facility received feed pellets containing 1% CeO2 or 1% SiO2 for three weeks. In study 2, both female and male mice were purchased and exposed to 0.2% Ag-PVP or 1% TiO2 for four weeks. A next generation 16S rDNA sequencing-based approach was applied to assess impacts on the gut microbiome. None of the ENM had an effect on the α- or β-diversity. A decreased relative abundance of the phylum Actinobacteria was observed in SiO2 exposed mice. In female mice, the relative abundance of the genus Roseburia was increased with Ag exposure. Furthermore, in study 2, a sex-related difference in the β-diversity was observed. A difference in the β-diversity was also shown between the female control mice of the two studies. We did not find major effects on the gut microbiome. This contrast to other studies may be due to variations in the study design. Our investigation underlined the important role of the sex of test animals and their microbiome composition prior to ENM exposure initiation. Hence, standardization of microbiome studies is strongly required to increase comparability. The ENM-specific effects on Actinobacteria and Roseburia, two taxa pivotal for the human gut homeostasis, warrant further research on their relevance for health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Bredeck
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Angela A M Kämpfer
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Adriana Sofranko
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tina Wahle
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dominique Lison
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Ambroise
- Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Burkhard Stahlmecke
- Institute for Energy and Environmental Technology e.V. (IUTA), Duisburg, Germany
| | - Catrin Albrecht
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Roel P F Schins
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
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17
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More S, Bampidis V, Benford D, Bragard C, Halldorsson T, Hernández‐Jerez A, Hougaard Bennekou S, Koutsoumanis K, Lambré C, Machera K, Naegeli H, Nielsen S, Schlatter J, Schrenk D, Silano (deceased) V, Turck D, Younes M, Castenmiller J, Chaudhry Q, Cubadda F, Franz R, Gott D, Mast J, Mortensen A, Oomen AG, Weigel S, Barthelemy E, Rincon A, Tarazona J, Schoonjans R. Guidance on risk assessment of nanomaterials to be applied in the food and feed chain: human and animal health. EFSA J 2021; 19:e06768. [PMID: 34377190 PMCID: PMC8331059 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The EFSA has updated the Guidance on risk assessment of the application of nanoscience and nanotechnologies in the food and feed chain, human and animal health. It covers the application areas within EFSA's remit, including novel foods, food contact materials, food/feed additives and pesticides. The updated guidance, now Scientific Committee Guidance on nano risk assessment (SC Guidance on Nano-RA), has taken account of relevant scientific studies that provide insights to physico-chemical properties, exposure assessment and hazard characterisation of nanomaterials and areas of applicability. Together with the accompanying Guidance on Technical requirements for regulated food and feed product applications to establish the presence of small particles including nanoparticles (Guidance on Particle-TR), the SC Guidance on Nano-RA specifically elaborates on physico-chemical characterisation, key parameters that should be measured, methods and techniques that can be used for characterisation of nanomaterials and their determination in complex matrices. The SC Guidance on Nano-RA also details aspects relating to exposure assessment and hazard identification and characterisation. In particular, nanospecific considerations relating to in vitro/in vivo toxicological studies are discussed and a tiered framework for toxicological testing is outlined. Furthermore, in vitro degradation, toxicokinetics, genotoxicity, local and systemic toxicity as well as general issues relating to testing of nanomaterials are described. Depending on the initial tier results, additional studies may be needed to investigate reproductive and developmental toxicity, chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity, immunotoxicity and allergenicity, neurotoxicity, effects on gut microbiome and endocrine activity. The possible use of read-across to fill data gaps as well as the potential use of integrated testing strategies and the knowledge of modes or mechanisms of action are also discussed. The Guidance proposes approaches to risk characterisation and uncertainty analysis.
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18
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Perez L, Scarcello E, Ibouraadaten S, Yakoub Y, Leinardi R, Ambroise J, Bearzatto B, Gala JL, Paquot A, Muccioli GG, Bouzin C, van den Brule S, Lison D. Dietary nanoparticles alter the composition and function of the gut microbiota in mice at dose levels relevant for human exposure. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 154:112352. [PMID: 34153347 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanotechnologies provide new opportunities for improving the safety, quality, shelf life, flavor and appearance of foods. The most common nanoparticles (NPs) in human diet are silver metal, mainly present in food packaging and appliances, and silicon and titanium dioxides used as additives. The rapid development and commercialization of consumer products containing these engineered NPs is, however, not well supported by appropriate toxicological studies and risk assessment. Local and systemic toxicity and/or disruption of the gut microbiota (GM) have already been observed after oral administration of NPs in experimental animals, but results are not consistent and doses used were often much higher than the estimated human intakes. In view of the strong evidence linking alterations of the GM to cardiometabolic (CM) diseases, we hypothesized that dietary NPs might disturb this GM-CM axis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We exposed male C57BL/6JRj mice (n = 13 per dose group) to dietary NPs mixed in food pellets at doses relevant for human exposure: Ag (0, 4, 40 or 400 μg/kg pellet), SiO2 (0, 0.8, 8 and 80 mg/kg pellet) or TiO2 (0, 0.4, 4 or 40 mg/kg pellet). After 24 weeks of exposure, we assessed effects on the GM and CM health (n = 8 per dose group). The reversibility of the effects was examined after 8 additional weeks without NPs exposure (recovery period, n ≤ 5 per dose group). RESULTS No overt toxicity was recorded. The GM β-diversity was dose-dependently disrupted by the three NPs, and the bacterial short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were dose-dependently reduced after the administration of SiO2 and TiO2 NPs. These effects disappeared completely or partly after the recovery period, strengthening the association with dietary NPs. We did not observe atheromatous disease or glucose intolerance after NP exposure. Instead, dose-dependent decreases in the expression of IL-6 in the liver, circulating triglycerides (TG) and urea nitrogen (BUN) were recorded after administration of the NPs. CONCLUSION We found that long-term oral exposure to dietary NPs at doses relevant for estimated human intakes disrupts the GM composition and function. These modifications did not appear associated with atheromatous or deleterious metabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laeticia Perez
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Avenue Hippocrate 57, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Eleonora Scarcello
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Avenue Hippocrate 57, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Saloua Ibouraadaten
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Avenue Hippocrate 57, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yousof Yakoub
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Avenue Hippocrate 57, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Riccardo Leinardi
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Avenue Hippocrate 57, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Ambroise
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Clos Chapelle-aux-champs 30, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bertrand Bearzatto
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Clos Chapelle-aux-champs 30, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Gala
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Clos Chapelle-aux-champs 30, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adrien Paquot
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Avenue Mounier 73, B1.72.01, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giulio G Muccioli
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Avenue Mounier 73, B1.72.01, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sybille van den Brule
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Avenue Hippocrate 57, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Lison
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Avenue Hippocrate 57, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
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19
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Meier MJ, Nguyen KC, Crosthwait J, Kawata A, Rigden M, Leingartner K, Wong A, Holloway A, Shwed PS, Beaudette L, Navarro M, Wade M, Tayabali AF. Low dose antibiotic ingestion potentiates systemic and microbiome changes induced by silver nanoparticles. NANOIMPACT 2021; 23:100343. [PMID: 35559844 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the mammalian gut microbiome are linked to the impairment of immunological function and numerous other pathologies. Antimicrobial silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are incorporated into numerous consumer products (e.g., clothing, cosmetics, food packaging), which may directly impact the gut microbiome through ingestion. The human health impact of chronic AgNP ingestion is still uncertain, but evidence from exposure to other antimicrobials provides a strong rationale to assess AgNP effects on organ function, immunity, metabolism, and gut-associated microbiota. To investigate this, mice were gavaged daily for 5 weeks with saline, AgNPs, antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and metronidazole), or AgNPs combined with antibiotics. Animals were weighed daily, assessed for glucose tolerance, organ function, tissue and blood cytokine and leukocyte levels. At the end of the study, we used 16S rDNA amplicon and whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing to assess changes in the gut microbiome. In mice exposed to both AgNPs and antibiotics, silver was found in the stomach, and small and large intestines, but negligible amounts were present in other organs examined. Mice exposed to AgNPs alone showed minimal tissue silver levels. Antibiotics, but not AgNPs, altered glucose metabolism. Mice given AgNPs and antibiotics together demonstrated slower weight gain, reduced peripheral lymphocytes, and elevated splenic, but not circulatory markers of inflammation. 16S rDNA profiling of cecum and feces and metagenomic sequencing of fecal DNA demonstrated that combined AgNP-antibiotic treatment also significantly altered the structure and function of the gut microbiota, including depletion of the indicator species Akkermansia muciniphila. This study provides evidence for possible biological effects from repeated ingestion of AgNP-containing consumer products when antibiotics are also being used and raises concern that an impaired gut microbiome (e.g., through antibiotic use) can potentiate the harm from chemical exposures such as AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Meier
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - K C Nguyen
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada; New Substances Assessment and Control Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - J Crosthwait
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - A Kawata
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M Rigden
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - K Leingartner
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - A Wong
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - A Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - P S Shwed
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Lee Beaudette
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M Navarro
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M Wade
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - A F Tayabali
- Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada.
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20
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Puchkova LV, Kiseleva IV, Polishchuk EV, Broggini M, Ilyechova EY. The Crossroads between Host Copper Metabolism and Influenza Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115498. [PMID: 34071094 PMCID: PMC8197124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Three main approaches are used to combat severe viral respiratory infections. The first is preemptive vaccination that blocks infection. Weakened or dead viral particles, as well as genetic constructs carrying viral proteins or information about them, are used as an antigen. However, the viral genome is very evolutionary labile and changes continuously. Second, chemical agents are used during infection and inhibit the function of a number of viral proteins. However, these drugs lose their effectiveness because the virus can rapidly acquire resistance to them. The third is the search for points in the host metabolism the effect on which would suppress the replication of the virus but would not have a significant effect on the metabolism of the host. Here, we consider the possibility of using the copper metabolic system as a target to reduce the severity of influenza infection. This is facilitated by the fact that, in mammals, copper status can be rapidly reduced by silver nanoparticles and restored after their cancellation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila V. Puchkova
- International Research Laboratory of Trace Elements Metabolism, ADTS Institute, RC AFMLCS, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Irina V. Kiseleva
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | | | - Massimo Broggini
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy;
| | - Ekaterina Yu. Ilyechova
- International Research Laboratory of Trace Elements Metabolism, ADTS Institute, RC AFMLCS, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-921-760-5274
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21
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Lison D, Ambroise J, Leinardi R, Ibouraadaten S, Yakoub Y, Deumer G, Haufroid V, Paquot A, Muccioli GG, van den Brûle S. Systemic effects and impact on the gut microbiota upon subacute oral exposure to silver acetate in rats. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:1251-1266. [PMID: 33779765 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-02998-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The addition of silver (Ag) to food items, and its migration from food packaging and appliances results in a dietary exposure in humans, estimated to 70-90 µg Ag/day. In view of the well-known bactericidal activity of Ag ions, concerns arise about a possible impact of dietary Ag on the gut microbiota (GM), which is a master determinant of human health and diseases. Repeated oral administration of Ag acetate (AgAc) can also cause systemic toxicity in rats with reported NOAELs of 4 mg AgAc/b.w./d for impaired fertility and 0.4 mg AgAc/b.w./d for developmental toxicity. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate whether oral exposure to AgAc can induce GM alterations at doses causing reproductive toxicity in rats. METHODS Male and female Wistar rats were exposed during 10 weeks to AgAc incorporated into food (0, 0.4, 4 or 40 mg/kg b.w./d), and we analyzed the composition of the GM (α- and β-diversity). We documented bacterial function by measuring short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production in cecal content. Ferroxidase activity, a biomarker of systemic Ag toxicity, was measured in serum. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS From 4 mg/kg b.w./d onwards, we recorded systemic toxicity, as indicated by the reduction of serum ferroxidase activity, as well as serum Cu and Se concentrations. This systemic toxic response to AgAc might contribute to explain reprotoxic manifestations. We observed a dose-dependent modification of the GM composition in male rats exposed to AgAc. No impact of AgAc exposure on the production of bacterial SCFA was recorded. The limited GM changes recorded in this study do not appear related to a reprotoxicity outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Lison
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Jérôme Ambroise
- Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Riccardo Leinardi
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Saloua Ibouraadaten
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yousof Yakoub
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gladys Deumer
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Haufroid
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adrien Paquot
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giulio G Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sybille van den Brûle
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
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22
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Jia J, Zhang W, Wu Y, Zhang X, Li C, Wang J, Yan B. Mitigation of Obesity-Related Systemic Low-Grade Inflammation and Gut Microbial Dysbiosis in Mice with Nanosilver Supplement. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2570-2582. [PMID: 35014374 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Systemic low-grade inflammation and imbalance of gut microbiota are important risk factors promoting the progression of obesity-related metabolic disorders. This provides potential pharmacological and nutritional targets for the management of obesity and obesity-related disorders. Here, we evaluated the modulatory effects of nanosilver on obesity-related systemic low-grade inflammation and gut microbial dysbiosis. C57BL/6J mice were fed with normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 6 months, with/without nanosilver supplementation in drinking water. Nanosilver administration showed little systemic toxicity and did not affect the progression of obesity but mitigated the obesity-related systemic low-grade inflammation in obese mice. Such mitigation of systemic low-grade inflammation was specifically mediated by reducing the inflammatory status of epididymal visceral white adipose tissue (eWAT). Nanosilver treatments increased the diversity of gut microbial communities and markedly recovered the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia, Epsilonbacteraeota, Actinobacteria, and Deferribacteres, without altering the proportion of Bacteroidetes or Firmicutes. The beneficial effects of nanosilver in obese mice were in association with an increase in Akkermansia but a decrease in Parasutterella at the genus level. This study suggested a potential application of nanosilver in reducing the health risks of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Jia
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanxin Wu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chengjun Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingzhou Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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23
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Dietary supplementation of silver-silica nanoparticles promotes histological, immunological, ultrastructural, and performance parameters of broiler chickens. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4166. [PMID: 33603060 PMCID: PMC7892842 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been used as a promising alternative to antibiotics in poultry feed. In this study, silver-doped silica nanoparticles (SiO2@AgNPs) were prepared in powder form, using starch, via the chemical reduction method and sol-gel technique followed by full characterization. SiO2@AgNPs were added to the poultry diet at three doses (2, 4, and 8 mg/kg diet). The safety of the oral dietary supplementation was estimated through the evaluation of the growth performance and hematological, biochemical, and oxidative parameters of birds. Moreover, the immunohistochemical examination of all body organs was also performed. Results of this study showed that SiO2@AgNPs have no negative effects on the growth performance and hematological, biochemical, and oxidative parameters of birds. Moreover, the immunohistochemical examination revealed the minimum inflammatory reactions and lymphoid depletion under a dose level of 8 mg/kg. In conclusion, SiO2@AgNPs could be considered as a promising and safe nano-growth promoter in broilers when added to poultry diet under a dose level of 4 mg/kg diet.
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Nanoparticles in the Food Industry and Their Impact on Human Gut Microbiome and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041942. [PMID: 33669290 PMCID: PMC7920074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) has expanded into various industries including food manufacturing, agriculture, cosmetics, and construction. This has allowed NPs access to the human gastrointestinal tract, yet little is known about how they may impact human health. As the gut microbiome continues to be increasingly implicated in various diseases of unknown etiology, researchers have begun studying the potentially toxic effects of these NPs on the gut microbiome. Unfortunately, conflicting results have limited researcher’s ability to evaluate the true impact of NPs on the gut microbiome in relation to health. This review focuses on the impact of five inorganic NPs (silver, iron oxide, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, and silicon dioxide) on the gut microbiome and gastrointestinal tract with consideration for various methodological differences within the literature. This is important as NP-induced changes to the gut could lead to various gut-related diseases. These include irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), celiac disease, and colorectal cancer. Research in this area is necessary as the use of NPs in various industries continues to grow along with the number of people suffering from chronic gastrointestinal diseases.
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25
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Krutyakov YA, Kudrinskiy AA, Kuzmin VA, Pyee J, Gusev AA, Vasyukova IA, Zakharova OV, Lisichkin GV. In Vivo Study of Entero- and Hepatotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles Stabilized with Benzyldimethyl-[3-myristoylamine)-propyl]ammonium Chloride (Miramistin) to CBF1 Mice upon Enteral Administration. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020332. [PMID: 33513948 PMCID: PMC7911341 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most widely studied antimicrobial nanomaterials. However, their use in biomedicine is currently limited due to the availability of data that prove the nanosilver toxicity associated primarily with oxidative stress development in mammalian cells. The surface modification of AgNPs is a potent technique of improvement of their biocompatibility. The synthetic or natural compounds that combine zero or low toxicity towards human and animal organisms with inherent antimicrobial properties are the most promising stabilizing agents, their use would also minimize the risks of microorganisms developing resistance to silver-based materials. We used a simple technique to obtain 30–60 nm AgNPs stabilized with benzyldimethyl[3-myristoylamine)-propyl]ammonium chloride monohydrate (BAC)—a well-known active ingredient of many antibacterial drugs. The objective of the study was to assess the AgNPs-BAC entero- and hepatotoxicity to CBF1 mice upon enteral administration. The animals were exposed to 0.8–7.5 mg/kg doses of AgNPs-BAC in the acute and to 0.05–2.25 mg/kg doses of AgNPs-BAC in the subacute experiments. No significant entero- and hepatotoxic effects following a single exposure to doses smaller than 4 mg/kg were detected. Repeated exposure to the doses of AgNPs-BAC below 0.45 mg/kg and to the doses of BAC below 0.5 mg/kg upon enteral administration also led to no adverse effects. During the acute experiment, the higher AgNPs-BAC dose resulted in increased quantities of aminotransferases and urea, as well as the albumin-globulin ratio shift, which are indicative of inflammatory processes. Besides, the relative mass of the liver of mice was smaller compared to the control. During the subacute experiment, the groups treated with the 0.25–2.25 mg/kg dose of AgNPs-BAC had a lower weight gain rate compared to the control, while the groups treated with the 2.25 mg/kg dose of AgNPs-BAC showed statistically significant variations in the blood serum transaminases activity, which indicated hepatosis. It should be noted that the spleen and liver of the animals from the groups treated with the 0.45 and 2.25 mg/kg dose of AgNPs-BAC were more than two times smaller compared to the control. In the intestines of some animals from the group treated with the 2.25 mg/kg dose of AgNPs-BAC small areas of hyperemia and enlarged Peyer’s patches were observed. Histological examination confirmed the initial stages of the liver and intestinal wall inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurii A. Krutyakov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Lenin Hills, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.K.); (G.V.L.)
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-495-938-2273
| | - Alexey A. Kudrinskiy
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Lenin Hills, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.K.); (G.V.L.)
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Kuzmin
- V. P. Urban Department of Epizootology, Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine, 5 Chernigovskaya st., 196084 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Jaeho Pyee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dankook University, 119 Dandae str., Cheonan 31116, Korea;
| | - Alexander A. Gusev
- Technopark “Derzhavinsky” Derzhavin Tambov State University, 33 Internatsionalnaya st., 392000 Tambov, Russia; (A.A.G.); (I.A.V.); (O.V.Z.)
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Leninskiy prospekt 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Inna A. Vasyukova
- Technopark “Derzhavinsky” Derzhavin Tambov State University, 33 Internatsionalnaya st., 392000 Tambov, Russia; (A.A.G.); (I.A.V.); (O.V.Z.)
| | - Olga V. Zakharova
- Technopark “Derzhavinsky” Derzhavin Tambov State University, 33 Internatsionalnaya st., 392000 Tambov, Russia; (A.A.G.); (I.A.V.); (O.V.Z.)
- Engineering Center, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyanny Lane 36, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgy V. Lisichkin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Lenin Hills, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.K.); (G.V.L.)
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26
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Riaz Rajoka MS, Mehwish HM, Xiong Y, Song X, Hussain N, Zhu Q, He Z. Gut microbiota targeted nanomedicine for cancer therapy: Challenges and future considerations. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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27
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Skomorokhova EA, Sankova TP, Orlov IA, Savelev AN, Magazenkova DN, Pliss MG, Skvortsov AN, Sosnin IM, Kirilenko DA, Grishchuk IV, Sakhenberg EI, Polishchuk EV, Brunkov PN, Romanov AE, Puchkova LV, Ilyechova EY. Size-Dependent Bioactivity of Silver Nanoparticles: Antibacterial Properties, Influence on Copper Status in Mice, and Whole-Body Turnover. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 2020; 13:137-157. [PMID: 33408467 PMCID: PMC7781014 DOI: 10.2147/nsa.s287658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The ability of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of different sizes to influence copper metabolism in mice is assessed. Materials and Methods AgNPs with diameters of 10, 20, and 75 nm were fabricated through a chemical reduction of silver nitrate and characterized by UV/Vis spectrometry, transmission and scanning electronic microscopy, and laser diffractometry. To test their bioactivity, Escherichia coli cells, cultured A549 cells, and C57Bl/6 mice were used. The antibacterial activity of AgNPs was determined by inhibition of colony-forming ability, and cytotoxicity was tested using the MTT test (viability, %). Ceruloplasmin (Cp, the major mammalian extracellular copper-containing protein) concentration and enzymatic activity were measured using gel-assay analyses and WB, respectively. In vitro binding of AgNPs with serum proteins was monitored with UV/Vis spectroscopy. Metal concentrations were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry. Results The smallest AgNPs displayed the largest dose- and time-dependent antibacterial activity. All nanoparticles inhibited the metabolic activity of A549 cells in accordance with dose and time, but no correlation between cytotoxicity and nanoparticle size was found. Nanosilver was not uniformly distributed through the body of mice intraperitoneally treated with low AgNP concentrations. It was predominantly accumulated in liver. There, nanosilver was included in ceruloplasmin, and Ag-ceruloplasmin with low oxidase activity level was formed. Larger nanoparticles more effectively interfered with the copper metabolism of mice. Large AgNPs quickly induced a drop of blood serum oxidase activity to practically zero, but after cancellation of AgNP treatment, the activity was rapidly restored. A major fraction of the nanosilver was excreted in the bile with Cp. Nanosilver was bound by alpha-2-macroglobulin in vitro and in vivo, but silver did not substitute for the copper atoms of Cp in vitro. Conclusion The data showed that even at low concentrations, AgNPs influence murine copper metabolism in size-dependent manner. This property negatively correlated with the antibacterial activity of AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Skomorokhova
- International Research Center of Functional Materials and Devices of Optoelectronics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana P Sankova
- Higher Engineering Physics School of the Institute of Physics, Nanotechnology and Telecommunications, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Iurii A Orlov
- International Research Center of Functional Materials and Devices of Optoelectronics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrew N Savelev
- Higher Engineering Physics School of the Institute of Physics, Nanotechnology and Telecommunications, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daria N Magazenkova
- Higher Engineering Physics School of the Institute of Physics, Nanotechnology and Telecommunications, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail G Pliss
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pharmacology, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Laboratory of Blood Circulation Biophysics, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexey N Skvortsov
- Higher Engineering Physics School of the Institute of Physics, Nanotechnology and Telecommunications, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilya M Sosnin
- International Research Center of Functional Materials and Devices of Optoelectronics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Demid A Kirilenko
- International Research Center of Functional Materials and Devices of Optoelectronics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Center of Nanoheterostructures Physics, Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ivan V Grishchuk
- Higher Engineering Physics School of the Institute of Physics, Nanotechnology and Telecommunications, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena I Sakhenberg
- Laboratory of Cell Protection Mechanisms, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena V Polishchuk
- International Research Center of Functional Materials and Devices of Optoelectronics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Pavel N Brunkov
- International Research Center of Functional Materials and Devices of Optoelectronics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Center of Nanoheterostructures Physics, Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexey E Romanov
- International Research Center of Functional Materials and Devices of Optoelectronics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Center of Nanoheterostructures Physics, Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ludmila V Puchkova
- International Research Center of Functional Materials and Devices of Optoelectronics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Higher Engineering Physics School of the Institute of Physics, Nanotechnology and Telecommunications, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Yu Ilyechova
- International Research Center of Functional Materials and Devices of Optoelectronics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Alkhalaf MI. Attenuating effect of Indole-3-Carbinol on gold nanoparticle induced hepatotoxicity in rats. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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29
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Hussain Z, Thu HE, Haider M, Khan S, Sohail M, Hussain F, Khan FM, Farooq MA, Shuid AN. A review of imperative concerns against clinical translation of nanomaterials: Unwanted biological interactions of nanomaterials cause serious nanotoxicity. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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30
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Shi JH, Axson JL, Bergin IL, Ault AP. Nanoparticle Digestion Simulator Reveals pH-Dependent Aggregation in the Gastrointestinal Tract. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12257-12264. [PMID: 32786449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Determining the physicochemical properties of ingested nanoparticles within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is critical for evaluating the impact of environmental exposure and potential for nanoparticle drug delivery. However, it is challenging to predict nanoparticle physicochemical properties at the point of intestinal absorption due to the changing chemical environments within the GIT. Herein, a dynamic nanoparticle digestion simulator (NDS) was constructed to examine nanoparticle evolution due to changing pH and salt concentrations in the stomach and upper intestine. This multicompartment, flow-through system simulates digestion by transferring gastrointestinal fluids and digestive secretions at physiologically relevant time scales and flow rates. Pronounced differences in aggregation and aggregate stability were observed with silver nanoparticles (citrate-coated) with an initial hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) of 24.6 ± 0.4 nm examined under fasted (pH 2) and fed (pH 5) gastric conditions using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) for size distributions and transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDX) for morphology and elemental composition. Under fasted stomach conditions, particles aggregated to Dh = 130 ± 10 nm and remained as large aggregates in the upper intestinal compartments (duodenum and jejunum) ending with Dh = 110 ± 20 nm and a smaller mode at 59 ± 8 nm. In contrast, under fed conditions, nanoparticles aggregated to 60 ± 10 nm in the stomach, then disaggregated to individual nanoparticles (26 ± 2 nm) in the intestinal compartments. The NDS provides an analytical approach for studying nanoparticle physicochemical modifications within the GIT and the impacts of intentionally and unintentionally ingested nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia H Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jessica L Axson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ingrid L Bergin
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Andrew P Ault
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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31
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Malaviya P, Shukal D, Vasavada AR. Nanotechnology-based Drug Delivery, Metabolism and Toxicity. Curr Drug Metab 2020; 20:1167-1190. [PMID: 31902350 DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666200103091753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoparticles (NPs) are being used extensively owing to their increased surface area, targeted delivery and enhanced retention. NPs have the potential to be used in many disease conditions. Despite widespread use, their toxicity and clinical safety still remain a major concern. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore the metabolism and toxicological effects of nanotherapeutics. METHODS Comprehensive, time-bound literature search was done covering the period from 2010 till date. The primary focus was on the metabolism of NP including their adsorption, degradation, clearance, and bio-persistence. This review also focuses on updated investigations on NPs with respect to their toxic effects on various in vitro and in vivo experimental models. RESULTS Nanotechnology is a thriving field of biomedical research and an efficient drug delivery system. Further their applications are under investigation for diagnosis of disease and as medical devices. CONCLUSION The toxicity of NPs is a major concern in the application of NPs as therapeutics. Studies addressing metabolism, side-effects and safety of NPs are desirable to gain maximum benefits of nanotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Malaviya
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Memnagar, Ahmedabad 380052, India.,Ph.D. Scholars, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Dhaval Shukal
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Memnagar, Ahmedabad 380052, India.,Ph.D. Scholars, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Abhay R Vasavada
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Iladevi Cataract and IOL Research Centre, Memnagar, Ahmedabad 380052, India
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32
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Lamas B, Martins Breyner N, Houdeau E. Impacts of foodborne inorganic nanoparticles on the gut microbiota-immune axis: potential consequences for host health. Part Fibre Toxicol 2020; 17:19. [PMID: 32487227 PMCID: PMC7268708 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-020-00349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In food toxicology, there is growing interest in studying the impacts of foodborne nanoparticles (NPs, originating from food additives, food supplements or food packaging) on the intestinal microbiome due to the important and complex physiological roles of these microbial communities in host health. Biocidal activities, as described over recent years for most inorganic and metal NPs, could favour chronic changes in the composition and/or metabolic activities of commensal bacteria (namely, intestinal dysbiosis) with consequences on immune functions. Reciprocally, direct interactions of NPs with the immune system (e.g., inflammatory responses, adjuvant or immunosuppressive properties) may in turn have effects on the gut microbiota. Many chronic diseases in humans are associated with alterations along the microbiota-immune system axis, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), metabolic disorders (e.g., obesity) or colorectal cancer (CRC). This raises the question of whether chronic dietary exposure to inorganic NPs may be viewed as a risk factor facilitating disease onset and/or progression. Deciphering the variety of effects along the microbiota-immune axis may aid the understanding of how daily exposure to inorganic NPs through various foodstuffs may potentially disturb the intricate dialogue between gut commensals and immunity, hence increasing the vulnerability of the host. In animal studies, dose levels and durations of oral treatment are key factors for mimicking exposure conditions to which humans are or may be exposed through the diet on a daily basis, and are needed for hazard identification and risk assessment of foodborne NPs. This review summarizes relevant studies to support the development of predictive toxicological models that account for the gut microbiota-immune axis. CONCLUSIONS The literature indicates that, in addition to evoking immune dysfunctions in the gut, inorganic NPs exhibit a moderate to extensive impact on intestinal microbiota composition and activity, highlighting a recurrent signature that favours colonization of the intestine by pathobionts at the expense of beneficial bacterial strains, as observed in IBD, CRC and obesity. Considering the long-term exposure via food, the effects of NPs on the gut microbiome should be considered in human health risk assessment, especially when a nanomaterial exhibits antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lamas
- INRAE Toxalim UMR 1331 (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Team Endocrinology and Toxicology of the Intestinal Barrier, INRAE, Toulouse University, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027, Toulouse cedex 3, France.
| | - Natalia Martins Breyner
- INRAE Toxalim UMR 1331 (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Team Endocrinology and Toxicology of the Intestinal Barrier, INRAE, Toulouse University, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027, Toulouse cedex 3, France
| | - Eric Houdeau
- INRAE Toxalim UMR 1331 (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Team Endocrinology and Toxicology of the Intestinal Barrier, INRAE, Toulouse University, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, 31027, Toulouse cedex 3, France.
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Chee E, Nandi S, Nellenbach K, Mihalko E, Snider DB, Morrill L, Bond A, Sproul E, Sollinger J, Cruse G, Hoffman M, Brown AC. Nanosilver composite pNIPAm microgels for the development of antimicrobial platelet-like particles. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:2599-2609. [PMID: 32100966 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Platelets crucially facilitate wound healing but can become depleted in traumatic injury or chronic wounds. Previously, our group developed injectable platelet-like particles (PLPs) comprised of highly deformable, ultralow crosslinked pNIPAm microgels (ULCs) coupled to fibrin binding antibodies to treat post-trauma bleeding. PLP fibrin-binding facilitates homing to sites of injury, promotes clot formation, and, due to high particle deformability, induces clot retraction. Clot retraction augments healing by increasing clot stability, enhancing clot stiffness, and promoting cell migration into the wound bed. Because post-traumatic healing is often complicated by infection, the objective of these studies was to develop antimicrobial nanosilver microgel composite PLPs to augment hemostasis, fight infection, and promote healing post-trauma. A key goal was to maintain particle deformability following silver incorporation to preserve PLP-mediated clot retraction. Clot retraction, antimicrobial activity, hemostasis after trauma, and healing after injury were evaluated via confocal microscopy, colony-forming unit assays, a murine liver trauma model, and a murine full-thickness injury model in the absence or presence of infection, respectively. We found that nanosilver incorporation does not affect base PLP performance while bestowing significant antimicrobial activity and enhancing infected wound healing outcomes. Therefore, Ag-PLPs have great promise for treating hemorrhage and improving healing following trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunice Chee
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Seema Nandi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Kimberly Nellenbach
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Emily Mihalko
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Douglas B Snider
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Landon Morrill
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Andrew Bond
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Erin Sproul
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer Sollinger
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Glenn Cruse
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Maureane Hoffman
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ashley C Brown
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
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34
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Bi Y, Marcus AK, Robert H, Krajmalnik-Brown R, Rittmann BE, Westerhoff P, Ropers MH, Mercier-Bonin M. The complex puzzle of dietary silver nanoparticles, mucus and microbiota in the gut. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2020; 23:69-89. [PMID: 31920169 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2019.1710914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hundreds of consumer and commercial products containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are currently used in food, personal-care products, pharmaceutical, and many other applications. Human exposure to AgNPs includes oral intake, inhalation, and dermal contact. The aim of this review was to focus on oral intake, intentional and incidental of AgNPs where well-known antimicrobial characteristics that might affect the microbiome and mucus in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This critical review summarizes what is known regarding the impacts of AgNPs on gut homeostasis. It is fundamental to understand the forms of AgNPs and their physicochemical characterization before and during digestion. For example, lab-synthesized AgNPs differ from "real" ingestable AgNPs used as food additives and dietary supplements. Similarly, the gut environment alters the chemical and physical state of Ag that is ingested as AgNPs. Emerging research on in vitro and in vivo rodent and human indicated complex multi-directional relationships among AgNPs, the intestinal microbiota, and the epithelial mucus. It may be necessary to go beyond today's descriptive approach to a modeling-based ecosystem approach that might quantitatively integrate spatio-temporal interactions among microbial groups, host factors (e.g., mucus), and environmental factors, including lifestyle-based stressors. It is suggested that future research (1) utilize more representative AgNPs, focus on microbe/mucus interactions, (2) assess the effects of environmental stressors for longer and longitudinal conditions, and (3) be integrated using quantitative modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Bi
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Andrew K Marcus
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Hervé Robert
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Bruce E Rittmann
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Muriel Mercier-Bonin
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
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35
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Cueva C, Gil-Sánchez I, Tamargo A, Miralles B, Crespo J, Bartolomé B, Moreno-Arribas MV. Gastrointestinal digestion of food-use silver nanoparticles in the dynamic SIMulator of the GastroIntestinal tract (simgi ®). Impact on human gut microbiota. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 132:110657. [PMID: 31276746 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The increasing use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in consumer products has led to concern about their impact on human health. This paper aims to provide new scientific evidence about the modifications and potential effects of AgNPs with food applications during their passage through the digestive tract. For that, two types of AgNPs [solid polyethylene glycol-stabilised silver nanoparticles (PEG-AgNPs 20) and liquid glutathione-stabilised silver nanoparticles (GSH-AgNPs)] were initially subjected to gut-microbial digestion simulation in an in vitro static model. Based on these experiments, digestion of GSH-AgNPs was carried out in a dynamic model (simgi®) that simulated the different regions of the digestive tract (stomach, small intestine and the ascending, transverse and descending colon) in physiological conditions. Dynamic transport of GSH-AgNPs in the simgi® was similar to that observed for the inert compound Cr-EDTA, which discarded any alterations in the intestinal fluid delivery due to the AgNPs. Also, feeding the simgi® with GSH-AgNPs seemed not to induce significant changes in the composition and metabolic activity (i.e., proteolytic activity) of the gut microbiota. Concerning monitoring of AgNps, it was observed that the GSH-AgNPs underwent several transformations in the gastrointestinal fluids and appeared to expose the intestine in ways that were structurally different from the original forms. In compliance with European guidelines, the simgi® model can be considered a useful in vitro tool to evaluate the effects of nanoparticles at the digestive level, prior to human studies, and, therefore, minimising animal testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Cueva
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, C/ Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Gil-Sánchez
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, C/ Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Tamargo
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, C/ Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Miralles
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, C/ Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julian Crespo
- Departamento de Química. Complejo Científico-Técnico Universidad de La Rioja, C/ Madre de Dios, 51, 26004, Logroño (La Rioja), Spain
| | - Begoña Bartolomé
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, C/ Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Victoria Moreno-Arribas
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, C/ Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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36
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Hassanen EI, Khalaf AA, Tohamy AF, Mohammed ER, Farroh KY. Toxicopathological and immunological studies on different concentrations of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles in rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:4723-4739. [PMID: 31308655 PMCID: PMC6614591 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s207644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Much consideration has been paid to the toxicological assessment of nanoparticles prior to clinical and biological applications. While in vitro studies have been expanding continually, in vivo investigations of nanoparticles have not developed a cohesive structure. This study aimed to assess the acute toxicity of different concentrations of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles (Ch-AgNPs) in main organs, including liver, kidneys, and spleen. Materials and methods Twenty-eight male albino rats were used and divided into 4 groups (n=7). Group 1 was kept as a negative control group. Groups 2, 3, and 4 were treated intraperitoneally with Ch-AgNPs each day for 14 days at doses of 50, 25, and 10 mg/kg body weight (bwt) respectively. Histopathological, morphometric and immunohistochemical studies were performed as well as oxidative stress evaluations, and specific functional examinations for each organ were elucidated. Results It was revealed that Ch-AgNPs induced dose-dependent toxicity, and the repeated dosing of rats with 50 mg/kg Ch-AgNPs induced severe toxicities. Histopathological examination showed congestion, hemorrhage, cellular degeneration, apoptosis and necrosis in hepatic and renal tissue as well as lymphocytic depletion with increasing tangible macrophages in the spleen. The highest levels of malondialdehyde, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase (MDA, ALT, AST) and the lowest levels of reduced glutathione, immunoglobulin G, M and total protein (GSH, IgG, IgM, TP) were observed in this group. On the other hand, repeated dosing with 25 mg/kg induced mild to moderate disturbance in the previous parameters, while there was no significant difference in results of pathological examination and biochemical tests between the control group and those treated with 10 mg/kg bwt Ch-AgNPs. Conclusion Chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles induce dose-dependent adverse effects on rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Ibrahim Hassanen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdelazeem Ali Khalaf
- Department of Toxicology & Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Adel Fathy Tohamy
- Department of Toxicology & Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman Ragab Mohammed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khaled Yehia Farroh
- Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials Central Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
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37
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Tsiaoussis J, Antoniou MN, Koliarakis I, Mesnage R, Vardavas CI, Izotov BN, Psaroulaki A, Tsatsakis A. Effects of single and combined toxic exposures on the gut microbiome: Current knowledge and future directions. Toxicol Lett 2019; 312:72-97. [PMID: 31034867 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human populations are chronically exposed to mixtures of toxic chemicals. Predicting the health effects of these mixtures require a large amount of information on the mode of action of their components. Xenobiotic metabolism by bacteria inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract has a major influence on human health. Our review aims to explore the literature for studies looking to characterize the different modes of action and outcomes of major chemical pollutants, and some components of cosmetics and food additives, on gut microbial communities in order to facilitate an estimation of their potential mixture effects. We identified good evidence that exposure to heavy metals, pesticides, nanoparticles, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins, furans, polychlorinated biphenyls, and non-caloric artificial sweeteners affect the gut microbiome and which is associated with the development of metabolic, malignant, inflammatory, or immune diseases. Answering the question 'Who is there?' is not sufficient to define the mode of action of a toxicant in predictive modeling of mixture effects. Therefore, we recommend that new studies focus to simulate real-life exposure to diverse chemicals (toxicants, cosmetic/food additives), including as mixtures, and which combine metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and metabolomic analytical methods achieving in that way a comprehensive evaluation of effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Tsiaoussis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Michael N Antoniou
- Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 8th Floor, Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Koliarakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Robin Mesnage
- Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 8th Floor, Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Constantine I Vardavas
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71409 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Boris N Izotov
- Department of Analytical, Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Psaroulaki
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71409 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Analytical, Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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38
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Silver nanoparticles engineered by thermal co-reduction approach induces liver damage in Wistar rats: acute and sub-chronic toxicity analysis. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:125. [PMID: 30863704 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, nanotechnology applications have increased tremendously in consumer products. However, it has been observed that these nanoparticles can cause a potential risk to the environment as well as human health. In the present manuscript, we have analyzed acute and sub-chronic toxicity of engineered silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by assessing the impact on Wistar rats. AgNPs were synthesized by a novel approach-thermal co-reduction-with spherical shape and a uniform size distribution of 60 nm. The estimated LD50 value was observed to be more than 2000 mg/kg bw in acute toxicity studies. Sub-chronic toxicity indicated impairment of liver and kidney enzymes and various hematological and biochemical parameters. Tissue distribution studies indicated the target organ for accumulation is liver after treatment with AgNP. Particle deposition and congestion was observed in major organs-though, and heart and pancreatic tissues were not affected even by the higher doses. On the basis of the observations of this study, it is concluded that up to 40 mg/kgbw is a safer dose of AgNPs (60 nm, engineered by thermal co-reduction approach) and further research will be required to validate the long-term accumulation in body. In addition, it can also be considered by policymakers for the safer use of AgNPs.
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Cattò C, Garuglieri E, Borruso L, Erba D, Casiraghi MC, Cappitelli F, Villa F, Zecchin S, Zanchi R. Impacts of dietary silver nanoparticles and probiotic administration on the microbiota of an in-vitro gut model. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:754-763. [PMID: 30500755 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ingestion of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is inevitable linked to their widespread use in food, medicines and other consumer products. However, their effects on human microbiota at non-lethal concentrations remain poorly understood. In this study, the interactions among 1 μg mL-1 AgNPs, the intestinal microbiota, and the probiotic Bacillus subtilis (BS) were tested using in-vitro batch fermentation models inoculated with human fecal matter. Results from metagenomic investigations revealed that the core bacterial community was not affected by the exposure of AgNPs and BS at the later stage of fermentation, while the proportions of rare species changed drastically with the treatments. Furthermore, shifts in the Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes (F/B) ratios were observed after 24 h with an increase in the relative abundance of Firmicutes species and a decrease in Bacteroidetes in all fermentation cultures. The co-exposure to AgNPs and BS led to the lowest F/B ratio. Fluorescent in-situ hybridization analyses indicated that non-lethal concentration of AgNPs negatively affected the relative percentage of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Clostridium coccoides/Eubacterium rectales taxa in the fermentation cultures after 24 h. However, exposure to single and combined treatments of AgNPs and BS did not change the overall diversity of the fecal microflora. Functional differences in cell motility, translation, transport, and xenobiotics degradation occurred in AgNPs-treated fermentation cultures but not in AgNPs+BS-treated samples. Compared to the control samples, treated fecal cultures showed no significant statistical differences in terms of short-chain fatty acids profiles, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on Caco-2 cell monolayers. Overall, AgNPs did not affect the composition and diversity of the core fecal microflora and its metabolic and toxic profiles. This work indicated a chemopreventive role of probiotic on fecal microflora against AgNPs, which were shown by the decrease of F/B ratio and the unaltered state of some key metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cattò
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Garuglieri
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Luigimaria Borruso
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen, piazza Università 5, 39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Daniela Erba
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Casiraghi
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Cappitelli
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Villa
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Sarah Zecchin
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Zanchi
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
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Poh TY, Ali NABM, Mac Aogáin M, Kathawala MH, Setyawati MI, Ng KW, Chotirmall SH. Inhaled nanomaterials and the respiratory microbiome: clinical, immunological and toxicological perspectives. Part Fibre Toxicol 2018; 15:46. [PMID: 30458822 PMCID: PMC6245551 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-018-0282-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our development and usage of engineered nanomaterials has grown exponentially despite concerns about their unfavourable cardiorespiratory consequence, one that parallels ambient ultrafine particle exposure from vehicle emissions. Most research in the field has so far focused on airway inflammation in response to nanoparticle inhalation, however, little is known about nanoparticle-microbiome interaction in the human airway and the environment. Emerging evidence illustrates that the airway, even in its healthy state, is not sterile. The resident human airway microbiome is further altered in chronic inflammatory respiratory disease however little is known about the impact of nanoparticle inhalation on this airway microbiome. The composition of the airway microbiome, which is involved in the development and progression of respiratory disease is dynamic, adding further complexity to understanding microbiota-host interaction in the lung, particularly in the context of nanoparticle exposure. This article reviews the size-dependent properties of nanomaterials, their body deposition after inhalation and factors that influence their fate. We evaluate what is currently known about nanoparticle-microbiome interactions in the human airway and summarise the known clinical, immunological and toxicological consequences of this relationship. While associations between inhaled ambient ultrafine particles and host immune-inflammatory response are known, the airway and environmental microbiomes likely act as intermediaries and facilitate individual susceptibility to inhaled nanoparticles and toxicants. Characterising the precise interaction between the environment and airway microbiomes, inhaled nanoparticles and the host immune system is therefore critical and will provide insight into mechanisms promoting nanoparticle induced airway damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuang Yeow Poh
- Translational Respiratory Research Laboratory, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Level 12, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Nur A'tikah Binte Mohamed Ali
- Translational Respiratory Research Laboratory, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Level 12, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Micheál Mac Aogáin
- Translational Respiratory Research Laboratory, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Level 12, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Mustafa Hussain Kathawala
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Block N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Magdiel Inggrid Setyawati
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Block N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Block N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Sanjay Haresh Chotirmall
- Translational Respiratory Research Laboratory, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Level 12, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.
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Adamovsky O, Buerger AN, Wormington AM, Ector N, Griffitt RJ, Bisesi JH, Martyniuk CJ. The gut microbiome and aquatic toxicology: An emerging concept for environmental health. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:2758-2775. [PMID: 30094867 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome plays an essential role in the health and onset of diseases in all animals, including humans. The microbiome has emerged as a central theme in environmental toxicology because microbes interact with the host immune system in addition to its role in chemical detoxification. Pathophysiological changes in the gastrointestinal tissue caused by ingested chemicals and metabolites generated from microbial biodegradation can lead to systemic adverse effects. The present critical review dissects what we know about the impacts of environmental contaminants on the microbiome of aquatic species, with special emphasis on the gut microbiome. We highlight some of the known major gut epithelium proteins in vertebrate hosts that are targets for chemical perturbation, proteins that also directly cross-talk with the microbiome. These proteins may act as molecular initiators for altered gut function, and we propose a general framework for an adverse outcome pathway that considers gut dysbiosis as a major contributing factor to adverse apical endpoints. We present 2 case studies, nanomaterials and hydrocarbons, with special emphasis on the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, to illustrate how investigations into the microbiome can improve understanding of adverse outcomes. Lastly, we present strategies to functionally relate chemical-induced gut dysbiosis with adverse outcomes because this is required to demonstrate cause-effect relationships. Further investigations into the toxicant-microbiome relationship may prove to be a major breakthrough for improving animal and human health. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2758-2775. © 2018 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Adamovsky
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Amanda N Buerger
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Alexis M Wormington
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Naomi Ector
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Robert J Griffitt
- Division of Coastal Sciences, School of Ocean Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Gulfport, Mississippi, USA
| | - Joseph H Bisesi
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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42
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Li J, Tang M, Xue Y. Review of the effects of silver nanoparticle exposure on gut bacteria. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 39:27-37. [PMID: 30247756 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gut bacteria are involved in regulating several important physiological functions in the host, and intestinal dysbacteriosis plays an important role in several human diseases, including intestinal, metabolic and autoimmune disorders. Although silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly being incorporated into medical and consumer products due to their unique physicochemical properties, studies have indicated their potential to affect adversely the gut bacteria. In this review, we focus on the biotoxicological effects of AgNPs entering the gastrointestinal tract and the relationship of these effects with important nanoscale properties. We discuss in detail the mechanisms underlying the bactericidal toxicity effects of AgNPs and explore the relationships between AgNPs, gut bacteria and disease. Finally, we highlight the need to focus on the negative effects of AgNPs usage to facilitate appropriate development of these particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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43
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Hardy A, Benford D, Halldorsson T, Jeger MJ, Knutsen HK, More S, Naegeli H, Noteborn H, Ockleford C, Ricci A, Rychen G, Schlatter JR, Silano V, Solecki R, Turck D, Younes M, Chaudhry Q, Cubadda F, Gott D, Oomen A, Weigel S, Karamitrou M, Schoonjans R, Mortensen A. Guidance on risk assessment of the application of nanoscience and nanotechnologies in the food and feed chain: Part 1, human and animal health. EFSA J 2018; 16:e05327. [PMID: 32625968 PMCID: PMC7009542 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The European Food Safety Authority has produced this Guidance on human and animal health aspects (Part 1) of the risk assessment of nanoscience and nanotechnology applications in the food and feed chain. It covers the application areas within EFSA's remit, e.g. novel foods, food contact materials, food/feed additives and pesticides. The Guidance takes account of the new developments that have taken place since publication of the previous Guidance in 2011. Potential future developments are suggested in the scientific literature for nanoencapsulated delivery systems and nanocomposites in applications such as novel foods, food/feed additives, biocides, pesticides and food contact materials. Therefore, the Guidance has taken account of relevant new scientific studies that provide more insights to physicochemical properties, exposure assessment and hazard characterisation of nanomaterials. It specifically elaborates on physicochemical characterisation of nanomaterials in terms of how to establish whether a material is a nanomaterial, the key parameters that should be measured, the methods and techniques that can be used for characterisation of nanomaterials and their determination in complex matrices. It also details the aspects relating to exposure assessment and hazard identification and characterisation. In particular, nanospecific considerations relating to in vivo/in vitro toxicological studies are discussed and a tiered framework for toxicological testing is outlined. It describes in vitro degradation, toxicokinetics, genotoxicity as well as general issues relating to testing of nanomaterials. Depending on the initial tier results, studies may be needed to investigate reproductive and developmental toxicity, immunotoxicity, allergenicity, neurotoxicity, effects on gut microbiome and endocrine activity. The possible use of read‐across to fill data gaps as well as the potential use of integrated testing strategies and the knowledge of modes/mechanisms of action are also discussed. The Guidance proposes approaches to risk characterisation and uncertainty analysis, and provides recommendations for further research in this area. This publication is linked to the following EFSA Supporting Publications article: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/sp.efsa.2018.EN-1430/full
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44
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Yausheva Е, Miroshnikov S, Sizova Е. Intestinal microbiome of broiler chickens after use of nanoparticles and metal salts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:18109-18120. [PMID: 29691748 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1991-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The research included the study of influence of ultrafine particle preparations (nanoparticles of copper, zinc, iron, CuZn alloy) and metal salts (iron pyrophosphate, copper asparginate, zinc asparginate) on the composition of cecal microbiota of broiler chickens. Before adding the studied nanoparticles and metal salts to the diet, cecal microbiota of broiler chickens was represented by 76% Firmicutes taxon and 16% Bacteroidetes. Numerous among them were the bacteria of the taxa Anaerotruncus spp., Lactobacillus spp., Blautia spp., Alistipes spp., and Bacteroides spp.; they constituted 18, 17, 11, and 6%, respectively. A peculiarity of action of the most analyzed metals in nanoform and in the form of salts was a decrease in the number of phylum Firmicutes bacteria and an increase in the number of microorganisms of the phylum Bacteroidetes. The number of bacteria belonging to the families Ruminococcaceae (III, IV, V, VII, and VIII groups), Bacteroidaceae (in all experimental groups), and Lachnospiraceae (I, IV, V, and VII groups) was registered within the taxa of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. At the same time, in some experimental groups, the number of bacteria of the family Lachnospiraceae (II, III, and VIII) decreased in the intestine. The data obtained can be used to assess the possibility of using metal nanoparticles in the poultry diet, as a micronutrient preparation, to correct dysbiosis and to improve the utilization of fodder energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Еlena Yausheva
- State Educational Institution All-Russian Research Institute of Beef Cattle Breeding, 29, 9-Yanvarya Street, Orenburg, Russia, 460000
| | - Sergey Miroshnikov
- State Educational Institution All-Russian Research Institute of Beef Cattle Breeding, 29, 9-Yanvarya Street, Orenburg, Russia, 460000
| | - Еlena Sizova
- State Educational Institution All-Russian Research Institute of Beef Cattle Breeding, 29, 9-Yanvarya Street, Orenburg, Russia, 460000.
- Orenburg State University, Pobedy pr. 13, Orenburg, Russia, 460018.
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45
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Li WT, Chang HW, Yang WC, Lo C, Wang LY, Pang VF, Chen MH, Jeng CR. Immunotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the Leukocytes of Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Sci Rep 2018; 8:5593. [PMID: 29618730 PMCID: PMC5884781 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23737-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been extensively used and are considered as an emerging contaminant in the ocean. The environmental contamination of AgNPs is expected to increase greatly over time, and cetaceans, as the top ocean predators, will suffer the negative impacts of AgNPs. In the present study, we investigate the immunotoxicity of AgNPs on the leukocytes of cetaceans using several methods, including cytomorphology, cytotoxicity, and functional activity assays. The results reveal that 20 nm Citrate-AgNPs (C-AgNP20) induce different cytomorphological alterations and intracellular distributions in cetacean polymorphonuclear cells (cPMNs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (cPBMCs). At high concentrations of C-AgNP20 (10 and 50 μg/ml), the time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity in cPMNs and cPBMCs involving apoptosis is demonstrated. C-AgNP20 at sub-lethal doses (0.1 and 1 μg/ml) negatively affect the functional activities of cPMNs (phagocytosis and respiratory burst) and cPBMCs (proliferative activity). The current study presents the first evidence of the cytotoxicity and immunotoxicity of AgNPs on the leukocytes of cetaceans and improves our understanding of environmental safety concerning AgNPs. The dose-response data of AgNPs on the leukocytes of cetaceans are invaluable for evaluating the adverse health effects in cetaceans and for proposing a conservation plan for marine mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ta Li
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Chieh Lo
- Farglory Ocean Park, Hualien, 97449, Taiwan
| | - Lei-Ya Wang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Victor Fei Pang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsien Chen
- Department of Oceanography and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Ren Jeng
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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46
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Richter JW, Shull GM, Fountain JH, Guo Z, Musselman LP, Fiumera AC, Mahler GJ. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle exposure alters metabolic homeostasis in a cell culture model of the intestinal epithelium and Drosophila melanogaster. Nanotoxicology 2018; 12:390-406. [PMID: 29600885 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1457189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a common additive in food and cosmetic products. The goal of this study was to investigate if TiO2 nanoparticles affect intestinal epithelial tissues, normal intestinal function, or metabolic homeostasis using in vitro and in vivo methods. An in vitro model of intestinal epithelial tissue was created by seeding co-cultures of Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cells on a Transwell permeable support. These experiments were repeated with monolayers that had been cultured with the beneficial commensal bacteria Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (L. rhamnosus). Glucose uptake and transport in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles was assessed using fluorescent glucose analog 2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG). When the cell monolayers were exposed to physiologically relevant doses of TiO2, a statistically significant reduction in glucose transport was observed. These differences in glucose absorption were eliminated in the presence of beneficial bacteria. The decrease in glucose absorption was caused by damage to intestinal microvilli, which decreased the surface area available for absorption. Damage to microvilli was ameliorated in the presence of L. rhamnosus. Complimentary studies in Drosophila melanogaster showed that TiO2 ingestion resulted in decreased body size and glucose content. The results suggest that TiO2 nanoparticles alter glucose transport across the intestinal epithelium, and that TiO2 nanoparticle ingestion may have physiological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan W Richter
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Binghamton University , Binghamton , NY , USA
| | - Gabriella M Shull
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Binghamton University , Binghamton , NY , USA
| | - John H Fountain
- b Department of Biological Sciences , Binghamton University , Binghamton , NY , USA
| | - Zhongyuan Guo
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Binghamton University , Binghamton , NY , USA
| | - Laura P Musselman
- b Department of Biological Sciences , Binghamton University , Binghamton , NY , USA
| | - Anthony C Fiumera
- b Department of Biological Sciences , Binghamton University , Binghamton , NY , USA
| | - Gretchen J Mahler
- a Department of Biomedical Engineering , Binghamton University , Binghamton , NY , USA
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47
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Dahiya DK, Renuka, Puniya AK. Impact of nanosilver on gut microbiota: a vulnerable link. Future Microbiol 2018; 13:483-492. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2017-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A plethora of nanoparticles are currently used in the food industry in myriad applications. Of these, ‘nanosilver’ is widely used due to their multitude actions. Recent consensus among the scientific community affirmed that nanosilver might potentially alter the gut microbiota instead of their intended use that has a profound effect on our health. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota led to the onset of serious pathological conditions as reflected from several studies. In lieu of the positive impact of nanosilver, their inadvertent toxic effects on gut microbiota are underestimated. In this review, first all studies concerning the influence of nanosilver on gut microbiota are discussed along with relevant pharmacokinetic studies and in closing section the challenges and future task remained in the field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Dahiya
- Advanced Milk Testing Research Laboratory, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary Education & Research, Rajasthan University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences at Bikaner, Jaipur 302020, Rajasthan, India
| | - Renuka
- Department of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary Education & Research, Rajasthan University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences at Bikaner, Jaipur 302020, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anil Kumar Puniya
- College of Dairy Science & Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India
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48
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Vidanapathirana AK, Thompson LC, Herco M, Odom J, Sumner SJ, Fennell TR, Brown JM, Wingard CJ. Acute intravenous exposure to silver nanoparticles during pregnancy induces particle size and vehicle dependent changes in vascular tissue contractility in Sprague Dawley rats. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 75:10-22. [PMID: 29154916 PMCID: PMC6241519 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) raises safety concerns during susceptible life stages such as pregnancy. We hypothesized that acute intravenous exposure to AgNP during late stages of pregnancy will increase vascular tissue contractility, potentially contributing to alterations in fetal growth. Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to a single dose of PVP or Citrate stabilized 20 or 110nm AgNP (700μg/kg). Differential vascular responses and EC50 values were observed in myographic studies in uterine, mesenteric arteries and thoracic aortic segments, 24h post-exposure. Reciprocal responses were observed in aortic and uterine vessels following PVP stabilized AgNP with an increased force of contraction in uterine artery and increased relaxation responses in aorta. Citrate stabilized AgNP exposure increased contractile force in both uterine and aortic vessels. Intravenous AgNP exposure during pregnancy displayed particle size and vehicle dependent moderate changes in vascular tissue contractility, potentially influencing fetal blood supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Vidanapathirana
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - L C Thompson
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - M Herco
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - J Odom
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - S J Sumner
- Discovery Sciences, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA; Department of Nutrition School of Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - T R Fennell
- Discovery Sciences, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - J M Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, CO, 80045, USA
| | - C J Wingard
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, Bellarmine University, Louisville, KY, 40205, USA.
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Pietroiusti A, Bergamaschi E, Campagna M, Campagnolo L, De Palma G, Iavicoli S, Leso V, Magrini A, Miragoli M, Pedata P, Palombi L, Iavicoli I. The unrecognized occupational relevance of the interaction between engineered nanomaterials and the gastro-intestinal tract: a consensus paper from a multidisciplinary working group. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:47. [PMID: 29178961 PMCID: PMC5702111 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a fundamental gap of knowledge on the health effects caused by the interaction of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) with the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT). This is partly due to the incomplete knowledge of the complex physical and chemical transformations that ENM undergo in the GIT, and partly to the widespread belief that GIT health effects of ENM are much less relevant than pulmonary effects. However, recent experimental findings, considering the role of new players in gut physiology (e.g. the microbiota), shed light on several outcomes of the interaction ENM/GIT. Along with this new information, there is growing direct and indirect evidence that not only ingested ENM, but also inhaled ENM may impact on the GIT. This fact, which may have relevant implications in occupational setting, has never been taken into consideration. This review paper summarizes the opinions and findings of a multidisciplinary team of experts, focusing on two main aspects of the issue: 1) ENM interactions within the GIT and their possible consequences, and 2) relevance of gastro-intestinal effects of inhaled ENMs. Under point 1, we analyzed how luminal gut-constituents, including mucus, may influence the adherence of ENM to cell surfaces in a size-dependent manner, and how intestinal permeability may be affected by different physico-chemical characteristics of ENM. Cytotoxic, oxidative, genotoxic and inflammatory effects on different GIT cells, as well as effects on microbiota, are also discussed. Concerning point 2, recent studies highlight the relevance of gastro-intestinal handling of inhaled ENM, showing significant excretion with feces of inhaled ENM and supporting the hypothesis that GIT should be considered an important target of extrapulmonary effects of inhaled ENM. CONCLUSIONS In spite of recent insights on the relevance of the GIT as a target for toxic effects of nanoparticles, there is still a major gap in knowledge regarding the impact of the direct versus indirect oral exposure. This fact probably applies also to larger particles and dictates careful consideration in workers, who carry the highest risk of exposure to particulate matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pietroiusti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bergamaschi
- Department of Sciences and Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marcello Campagna
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luisa Campagnolo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Palma
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, Section of Public Health and Human Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sergio Iavicoli
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL), Rome, Italy
| | - Veruscka Leso
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Magrini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Miragoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Pedata
- Department of Experimental Medicine- Section of Hygiene, Occupational Medicine and Forensic Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Leonardo Palombi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Ivo Iavicoli
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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50
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Roda E, Barni S, Milzani A, Dalle-Donne I, Colombo G, Coccini T. Single Silver Nanoparticle Instillation Induced Early and Persisting Moderate Cortical Damage in Rat Kidneys. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102115. [PMID: 28994738 PMCID: PMC5666797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential toxic effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), administered by a single intratracheal instillation (i.t), was assessed in a rat model using commercial physico-chemical characterized nanosilver. Histopathological changes, overall toxic response and oxidative stress (kidney and plasma protein carbonylation), paralleled by ultrastructural observations (TEM), were evaluated to examine renal responses 7 and 28 days after i.t. application of a low AgNP dose (50 µg/rat), compared to an equivalent dose of ionic silver (7 µg AgNO3/rat). The AgNPs caused moderate renal histopathological and ultrastructural alteration, in a region-specific manner, being the cortex the most affected area. Notably, the bulk AgNO3, caused similar adverse effects with a slightly more marked extent, also triggering apoptotic phenomena. Specifically, 7 days after exposure to both AgNPs and AgNO3, dilatation of the intercapillary and peripheral Bowman’s space was observed, together with glomerular shrinkage. At day 28, these effects still persisted after both treatments, accompanied by an additional injury involving the vascular component of the mesangium, with interstitial micro-hemorrhages. Neither AgNPs nor AgNO3 induced oxidative stress effects in kidneys and plasma, at either time point. The AgNP-induced moderate renal effects indicate that, despite their benefits, novel AgNPs employed in consumer products need exhaustive investigation to ensure public health safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Roda
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology and Poison Control Centre and National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, ICS Maugeri SpA-Benefit Corporation, IRCCS Pavia, via Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Sergio Barni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Aldo Milzani
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Isabella Dalle-Donne
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Graziano Colombo
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Teresa Coccini
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology and Poison Control Centre and National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, ICS Maugeri SpA-Benefit Corporation, IRCCS Pavia, via Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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