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Khalifa A, Kim B, Regan S, Moline T, Chaix B, Chen YT, Schneider J, Duncan DT. Examination of multidimensional geographic mobility and sexual behaviour among Black cisgender sexually minoritized men in Chicago. GEOSPATIAL HEALTH 2024; 19. [PMID: 38752862 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2024.1273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Black sexually minoritized men (BSMM) are the most likely to acquire HIV in Chicago- a racially segregated city where their daily travel may confer different HIV-related risks. From survey and GPS data among participants of the Neighbourhoods and Networks Cohort Study, we examined spatial (proportion of total activity space away from home), temporal (proportion of total GPS points away from home), and motivation-specific (discordance between residential and frequented sex or socializing neighbourhoods) dimensions of mobility. To identify potential drivers of BSMM's risk, we then examined associations between mobility and sexual behaviours known to cause HIV transmission: condomless anal sex, condomless anal sex with a casual partner, transactional sex, group sex, and sex-drug use. Multivariable logistic regression models assessed associations. Of 269 cisgender BSMM, most were 20-29 years old, identified as gay, and lowincome. On average, 96.9% (Standard Deviation: 3.7%) of participants' activity space and 53.9% (Standard Deviation: 38.1%) of participants' GPS points occurred outside their 800m home network buffer. After covariate adjustment, those who reported sex away from home were twice as likely to report condomless sex (Odds Ratio: 2.02, [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.08, 3.78]). Those who reported socializing away from home were four times more likely to have condomless sex with a casual partner (Odds Ratio: 4.16 [CI: 0.99, 29.0]). BSMM are on the move in Chicago, but only motivation-specific mobility may increase HIV transmission risk. Multidimensional investigations of mobility can inform place-based strategies for HIV service delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleya Khalifa
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; ICAP at Columbia University, New York, NY.
| | - Byoungjun Kim
- Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY.
| | - Seann Regan
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Tyrone Moline
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY.
| | - Basile Chaix
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Némésis Research Team, Paris.
| | - Yen-Tyng Chen
- Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ.
| | - John Schneider
- Department of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
| | - Dustin T Duncan
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY.
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Xu M, Wilson JP, Bruine de Bruin W, Lerner L, Horn AL, Livings MS, de la Haye K. New insights into grocery store visits among east Los Angeles residents using mobility data. Health Place 2024; 87:103220. [PMID: 38492528 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we employed spatially aggregated population mobility data, generated from mobile phone locations in 2021, to investigate patterns of grocery store visits among residents east and northeast of Downtown Los Angeles, in which 60% of the census tracts had previously been designated as "food deserts". Further, we examined whether the store visits varied with neighborhood sociodemographics and grocery store accessibility. We found that residents averaged 0.4 trips to grocery stores per week, with only 13% of these visits within home census tracts, and 40% within home and neighboring census tracts. The mean distance from home to grocery stores was 2.2 miles. We found that people visited grocery stores more frequently when they lived in neighborhoods with higher percentages of Hispanics/Latinos, renters and foreign-born residents, and a greater number of grocery stores. This research highlights the utility of mobility data in elucidating grocery store use, and factors that may facilitate or be a barrier to store access. The results point to limitations of using geographically constrained metrics of food access like food deserts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Xu
- Spatial Sciences Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 3616 Trousdale Parkway AHF B55, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - John P Wilson
- Spatial Sciences Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 3616 Trousdale Parkway AHF B55, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Sociology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 851 Downey Way HSH 314, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Computer Science, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3650 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; School of Architecture, University of Southern California, 850 Bloom Walk WAH 204, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Wändi Bruine de Bruin
- Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, 650 Childs Way RGL 311, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Psychology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, 3620 S McClintock Avenue SGM 501, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 635 Downey Way VPD, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Leo Lerner
- Spatial Sciences Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 3616 Trousdale Parkway AHF B55, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Abigail L Horn
- Information Sciences Institute and Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 3650 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Michelle Sarah Livings
- Center for Research on Child and Family Wellbeing, School of Public & International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
| | - Kayla de la Haye
- Spatial Sciences Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 3616 Trousdale Parkway AHF B55, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 635 Downey Way VPD, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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Pepey A, Souris M, Kim S, Obadia T, Chy S, Ea M, Ouk S, Remoue F, Sovannaroth S, Mueller I, Witkowski B, Vantaux A. Comparing malaria risk exposure in rural Cambodia population using GPS tracking and questionnaires. Malar J 2024; 23:75. [PMID: 38475843 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-024-04890-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Great Mekong Subregion has attained a major decline in malaria cases and fatalities over the last years, but residual transmission hotspots remain, supposedly fueled by forest workers and migrant populations. This study aimed to: (i) characterize the fine-scale mobility of forest-goers and understand links between their daily movement patterns and malaria transmission, using parasites detection via real time polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) and the individual exposure to Anopheles bites by quantification of anti-Anopheles saliva antibodies via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; (ii) assess the concordance of questionnaires and Global Positioning System (GPS) data loggers for measuring mobility. METHODS Two 28 day follow-ups during dry and rainy seasons, including a GPS tracking, questionnaires and health examinations, were performed on male forest goers representing the population at highest risk of infection. Their time spent in different land use categories and demographic data were analyzed in order to understand the risk factors driving malaria in the study area. RESULTS Malaria risk varied with village forest cover and at a resolution of only a few kilometers: participants from villages outside the forest had the highest malaria prevalence compared to participants from forest fringe's villages. The time spent in a specific environment did not modulate the risk of malaria, in particular the time spent in forest was not associated with a higher probability to detect malaria among forest-goers. The levels of antibody response to Anopheles salivary peptide among participants were significantly higher during the rainy season, in accordance with Anopheles mosquito density variation, but was not affected by sociodemographic and mobility factors. The agreement between GPS and self-reported data was only 61.9% in reporting each kind of visited environment. CONCLUSIONS In a context of residual malaria transmission which was mainly depicted by P. vivax asymptomatic infections, the implementation of questionnaires, GPS data-loggers and quantification of anti-saliva Anopheles antibodies on the high-risk group were not powerful enough to detect malaria risk factors associated with different mobility behaviours or time spent in various environments. The joint implementation of GPS trackers and questionnaires allowed to highlight the limitations of both methodologies and the benefits of using them together. New detection and follow-up strategies are still called for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Pepey
- Malaria Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, 5 Blvd Monivong, Phnom Penh 120 210, Phnom Penh, BP983, Cambodia.
| | - Marc Souris
- UMR Unité des Virus Emergents, UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU 5 Méditerranée Infection, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Saorin Kim
- Malaria Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, 5 Blvd Monivong, Phnom Penh 120 210, Phnom Penh, BP983, Cambodia
| | - Thomas Obadia
- Institut Pasteur, G5 Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics, Université Paris Cité, 75015, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Université Paris Cité, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Sophy Chy
- Malaria Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, 5 Blvd Monivong, Phnom Penh 120 210, Phnom Penh, BP983, Cambodia
| | - Malen Ea
- Malaria Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, 5 Blvd Monivong, Phnom Penh 120 210, Phnom Penh, BP983, Cambodia
| | - Sivkeng Ouk
- Malaria Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, 5 Blvd Monivong, Phnom Penh 120 210, Phnom Penh, BP983, Cambodia
| | - Franck Remoue
- UMR MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Siv Sovannaroth
- National Centre for Parasitology Entomology and Malaria Control (CNM), Phnom Penh 120 801, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Ivo Mueller
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Benoit Witkowski
- Malaria Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, 5 Blvd Monivong, Phnom Penh 120 210, Phnom Penh, BP983, Cambodia
- Genetic and Biology of Plasmodium Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Amélie Vantaux
- Malaria Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, 5 Blvd Monivong, Phnom Penh 120 210, Phnom Penh, BP983, Cambodia
- Genetic and Biology of Plasmodium Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar
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Mehranbod CA, Gobaud AN, Bushover BR, Morrison CN. Individuals' travel to alcohol outlets: The fallacy of the local bar. Drug Alcohol Rev 2024; 43:799-809. [PMID: 38206756 PMCID: PMC10922491 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies relating alcohol outlet density around homes to alcohol consumption produce mixed results. One possible explanation is that people travel to outlets away from their homes. This study aims to characterise individuals' trips to outlets, describe these trip locations relative to other activities and estimate associations between alcohol outlet density and trips to outlets. METHODS This cross-sectional study used 2014-2018 household travel data from the Victoria Integrated Survey of Travel and Activity. We estimated the average change in the cumulative travel characteristics associated with each additional trip to bars and liquor stores, accounting for complex trips to multiple destinations. Logistic regression models estimated odds that individuals travelled to outlets in relation to outlet density in their home local government area (LGA). RESULTS Among 23,512 respondents, 378 (1.6%) travelled to any bar and 79 (0.3%) any liquor store the survey day. Bar trips added 8.2 km (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.6, 11.8) and 18.1 min (95% CI 13.6, 22.6) to cumulative travel; 41% of attended bars were co-located in participants' home LGA. Greater bar and liquor store density within the home LGA were associated with overall trips to these outlet types. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Individuals travel beyond their residential area to bars, but travel to liquor stores closer to home. Bar and liquor store density within individuals' home LGA were associated with trips to outlets. Trips to local bars in near home comprised a minority of trips to bars in this sample. Studies of retail alcohol access should account for trips to bars away from home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina A. Mehranbod
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Ariana N. Gobaud
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Brady R. Bushover
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Christopher N. Morrison
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Siddiqui NZ, Wei L, Mackenbach JD, Pinho MGM, Helbich M, Schoonmade LJ, Beulens JWJ. Global positioning system-based food environment exposures, diet-related, and cardiometabolic health outcomes: a systematic review and research agenda. Int J Health Geogr 2024; 23:3. [PMID: 38321477 PMCID: PMC10848400 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-024-00362-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geographic access to food may affect dietary choices and health outcomes, but the strength and direction of associations may depend on the operationalization of exposure measures. We aimed to systematically review the literature on up-to-date evidence on the association between food environment exposures based on Global Positioning System (GPS) and diet-related and cardiometabolic health outcomes. METHODS The databases PubMed, Embase.com, APA PsycInfo (via Ebsco), Cinahl (via Ebsco), the Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and the International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (via ProQuest) were searched from inception to October 31, 2022. We included studies that measured the activity space through GPS tracking data to identify exposure to food outlets and assessed associations with either diet-related or cardiometabolic health outcomes. Quality assessment was evaluated using the criteria from a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cross-sectional studies. We additionally used four items from a quality assessment tool to specifically assess the quality of GPS measurements. RESULTS Of 2949 studies retrieved, 14 studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. They were heterogeneous and represent inconsistent evidence. Yet, three studies found associations between food outlets and food purchases, for example, more exposure to junk food outlets was associated with higher odds of junk food purchases. Two studies found associations between greater exposure to fast food outlets and higher fast food consumption and out of three studies that investigated food environment in relation to metabolic outcomes, two studies found that higher exposure to an unhealthy food environment was associated with higher odds of being overweight. CONCLUSIONS The current and limited evidence base does not provide strong evidence for consistent associations of GPS-based exposures of the food environment with diet-related and cardiometabolic health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Z Siddiqui
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Public Health, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joreintje D Mackenbach
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Upstream Team, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria G M Pinho
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Upstream Team, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Helbich
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Linda J Schoonmade
- Medical Library, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joline W J Beulens
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Health Behaviors and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Panlilio LV, Burgess-Hull AJ, Feldman JD, Rogers JM, Tyburski M, Smith KE, Epstein DH. Activity space during treatment with medication for opioid use disorder: Relationships with personality, mood, and drug use. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION TREATMENT 2024; 157:209219. [PMID: 37981240 PMCID: PMC10922786 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2023.209219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Activity space in people with substance use disorders (SUDs) has been assessed for theoretical reasons and for detection/prevention of relapse. In this observational study, we relate passively obtained activity space measures to mental states and behaviors relevant to the success of treatment for opioid use disorder. Our long-term goal is to use such data to assess risk in real time and to recognize when SUD patients might benefit from a just-in-time intervention. METHODS We used GPS data from 238 urban residents in the first 16 weeks of stabilization on medication for opioid use disorder to test preregistered hypotheses about activity space (distance traveled, number of locations, time spent moving, and psychosocial-hazard levels of neighborhoods where participants spent time) in relation to certain static variables (personality, mood propensities) and time-varying treatment-relevant behaviors such as craving and use of opioids and cocaine. RESULTS The most consistent findings were that 1) mobility decreased over the course of the study; 2) neuroticism was associated with overall lower mobility; 3) trait-like positive mood (averaged from momentary ratings) was associated with higher mobility; 4) participants who used cocaine more frequently had lower mobility; 5) early in treatment, participants spent less time moving (i.e., were more sedentary) on days when they were craving. Some of these findings were in the expected direction (i.e., the ones involving neuroticism and positive mood), and some were opposite to the expected direction (i.e., we expected cocaine use to be associated with higher mobility); others (e.g., changes in mobility over time or in relation to craving) involved nondirectional hypotheses. CONCLUSIONS Real-time information that patients actively provide is valuable for assessing their current state, but providing this information can be burdensome. The current results indicate that certain static or passively obtained data (personality variables and GPS-derived mobility information) are relevant to time-varying, treatment-relevant mental states and drug-related behavior, and therefore might be useful when incorporated into algorithms for detecting need for intervention in real time. Further research should assess how population-specific these relationships are, and how these passive measures can best be combined with low temporal-density, actively-provided data to obtain valid, reliable assessments with minimal burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh V Panlilio
- Real-world Assessment, Prediction, and Treatment (RAPT) Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program (NIDA IRP), 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Albert J Burgess-Hull
- Real-world Assessment, Prediction, and Treatment (RAPT) Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program (NIDA IRP), 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Jeffrey D Feldman
- Real-world Assessment, Prediction, and Treatment (RAPT) Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program (NIDA IRP), 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Jeffrey M Rogers
- Real-world Assessment, Prediction, and Treatment (RAPT) Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program (NIDA IRP), 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; SDSU/UCSD Joint Doctoral Program (in Clinical Psychology), 6363 Alvarado Ct, San Diego, CA 92120, USA.
| | - Matthew Tyburski
- Real-world Assessment, Prediction, and Treatment (RAPT) Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program (NIDA IRP), 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Kirsten E Smith
- Real-world Assessment, Prediction, and Treatment (RAPT) Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program (NIDA IRP), 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - David H Epstein
- Real-world Assessment, Prediction, and Treatment (RAPT) Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program (NIDA IRP), 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Zhou P, Hu Z, Chen Y, Liu K, Wang Y. Parenthood, spatial temporal environmental exposure, and leisure-time physical activity participation: Evidence from a micro-timescale retrospective longitudinal study. Health Place 2024; 85:103170. [PMID: 38150852 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Parents with dependent children are at a high risk of physical inactivity. While previous studies have mostly focused on how parents' time constraints and changing social network may inhibit leisure time physical activity (LTPA) over the long-term, less is known about the integrated effects of parenting and spatial-temporal environmental exposure on the execution of LTPA during certain episodes of a day. By adopting an integrated social-spatiotemporal-environmental model (ST-ISEM) based on micro-timescale retrospective longitudinal analysis, we examine the association between LTPA participation and spatial-temporal environmental exposure at a micro-timescale, i.e., at the episode-level in working adults' workday, and specifically how parenting integrated with spatial-temporal environmental exposure can jointly influence episode-level LTPA participation. Using data from the day reconstruction method from 701 individuals in Shenzhen, China, we find that parenting may affect the participation of LTPA on workdays not only by shaping temporal environmental factors (time constraint path and social network path), but also by interacting with built environmental exposures (spatial path), both at the episode-level. This study contributes to the theorizing of an integrated social-environmental model for health and wellbeing by extending the ISEM from the life span to the micro-timescale and also by highlighting the importance of temporality in environmental exposure and health studies. It also contributes to the spatial temporal behavioral perspective of time geography literature by clarifying multiple pathways through which social and spatiotemporal environmental factors could interact and jointly affect health behaviors at a micro-timescale. This study contributes to the literature on parenting and LTPA decline by enriching and deepening the understanding of the time constraint and social network pathways through which parenting leads to LTPA change at the micro-timescale. While time constraints may decrease parents' LTPA at long-term, increasing physical activities related to childcare after work may strongly obstruct moderate-to-vigorous LTPA at a micro-timescale. This study also identifies a spatial pathway by which parenting hinders LTPA due to changing understanding and usage of urban spaces. This pathway warrants attention from social epidemiologists, health geographers, and urban planners since existing interventions promoting physical activity in urban spaces may be ineffective for parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiling Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Urban Planning and Decision Making, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), China; School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China.
| | - Zhen Hu
- School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China; China Academy of Urban Planning and Design Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yirou Chen
- School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China; School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Urban Planning and Decision Making, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), China; School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yaowu Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Urban Planning and Decision Making, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), China; School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
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Gabet S, Thierry B, Wasfi R, Simonelli G, Hudon C, Lessard L, Dubé È, Nasri B, Kestens Y, Moullec G. How is the COVID-19 pandemic impacting our life, mental health, and well-being? Design and preliminary findings of the pan-Canadian longitudinal COHESION study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2401. [PMID: 38042782 PMCID: PMC10693083 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17297-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, in-person social interactions and opportunities for accessing resources that sustain health and well-being have drastically reduced. We therefore designed the pan-Canadian prospective COVID-19: HEalth and Social Inequities across Neighbourhoods (COHESION) cohort to provide a deeper understanding of how the COVID-19 pandemic context affects mental health and well-being, key determinants of health, and health inequities. METHODS This paper presents the design of the two-phase COHESION Study, and descriptive results from the first phase conducted between May 2020 and September 2021. During that period, the COHESION research platform collected monthly data linked to COVID-19 such as infection and vaccination status, perceptions and attitudes regarding pandemic-related measures, and information on participants' physical and mental health, well-being, sleep, loneliness, resilience, substances use, living conditions, social interactions, activities, and mobility. RESULTS The 1,268 people enrolled in the Phase 1 COHESION Study are for the most part from Ontario (47%) and Quebec (33%), aged 48 ± 16 years [mean ± standard deviation (SD)], and mainly women (78%), White (85%), with a university degree (63%), and living in large urban centers (70%). According to the 298 ± 68 (mean ± SD) prospective questionnaires completed each month on average, the first year of follow-up reveals significant temporal variations in standardized indexes of well-being, loneliness, anxiety, depression, and psychological distress. CONCLUSIONS The COHESION Study will allow identifying trajectories of mental health and well-being while investigating their determinants and how these may vary by subgroup, over time, and across different provinces in Canada, in varying context including the pandemic recovery period. Our findings will contribute valuable insights to the urban health field and inform future public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Gabet
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé publique de l'Université de Montréal (ESPUM), Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Québec, QC, Canada
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, ULR 4483-IMPacts de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Lille, 59000, France
| | - Benoit Thierry
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Rania Wasfi
- Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada / Government of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, ON, Canada
| | - Guido Simonelli
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Québec, QC), Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de- l'Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Hudon
- Département de Médecine de Famille et Médecine d'urgence, Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Lily Lessard
- Département des sciences de la santé, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche du CISSS de Chaudière-Appalaches, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Ève Dubé
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université de Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Bouchra Nasri
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé publique de l'Université de Montréal (ESPUM), Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Yan Kestens
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé publique de l'Université de Montréal (ESPUM), Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Grégory Moullec
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, École de Santé publique de l'Université de Montréal (ESPUM), Québec, QC, Canada.
- Centre de Recherche du Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de- l'Île-de-Montréal (CIUSSS-NIM), Québec, QC, Canada.
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9
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Wilt GE, Roscoe CJ, Hu CR, Mehta UV, Coull BA, Hart JE, Gortmaker S, Laden F, James P. Minute level smartphone derived exposure to greenness and consumer wearable derived physical activity in a cohort of US women. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:116864. [PMID: 37648192 PMCID: PMC11146007 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inconsistent results have been found in the literature on associations of greenness, or vegetation quantity, and physical activity. However, few studies have assessed associations between mobility-based greenness and physical activity from mobile health data from smartphone and wearable devices with fine spatial and temporal resolution. METHODS We assessed mobility-based greenness exposure and wearable accelerometer data from participants in the US-based prospective Nurses' Health Study 3 cohort Mobile Health (mHealth) Substudy (2018-2020). We recruited 500 female participants with instructions to wear devices over four 7-day sampling periods equally spaced throughout the year. After restriction criteria there were 337 participants (mean age 36 years) with n = 639,364 unique observations. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data were derived from 30 m x 30 m Landsat-8 imagery and spatially joined to GPS points recorded every 10 min. Fitbit proprietary algorithms provided physical activity summarized as mean number of steps per minute, which we averaged during the 10-min period following a GPS-based greenness exposure assessment. We utilized Generalized Additive Mixed Models to examine associations (every 10 min) between greenness and physical activity adjusting for neighborhood and individual socioeconomic status, Census region, season, neighborhood walkability, daily mean temperature and precipitation. We assessed effect modification through stratification and interaction models and conducted sensitivity analyses. RESULTS Mean 10-min step count averaged 7.0 steps (SD 14.9) and greenness (NDVI) averaged 0.3 (SD 0.2). Contrary to our hypotheses, higher greenness exposure was associated non-linearly with lower mean steps per minute after adjusting for confounders. We observed statistically significant effect modification by Census region and season. DISCUSSION We utilized objective physical activity data at fine temporal and spatial scales to present novel estimates of the association between mobility-based greenness and step count. We found higher levels of greenness were inversely associated with steps per minute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grete E Wilt
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Charlotte J Roscoe
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Population Sciences, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cindy R Hu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Unnati V Mehta
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jaime E Hart
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Steven Gortmaker
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Francine Laden
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Peter James
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, United States
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10
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Kulawiak M, Krajnik D, Czaplicka M, Dawidowicz A. A Web-GIS tool for diagnosing spatial orientation of young adults: design and evaluation of Geo-Survey. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18621. [PMID: 37903832 PMCID: PMC10616073 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45268-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial orientation is the effectiveness with which one is able to assess the mutual location of objects relative to a point of reference or a system of coordinates. Traditionally, this ability has been evaluated through field navigation tests, which do not take into account the prevailing influence of free online maps and virtual walks on a person's interpretation of space. In this context, this study presents a Web-GIS tool designed and developed to examine spatial orientation skills in the context of the used map type. The tool, named Geo-Survey, enables combination of survey questions with customized maps, providing users with a set of possible answer types. Moreover, using the unique concept of predefined answers, the tool attempts to automate the process of analysing research results. The tools' performance is evaluated via assessing the spatial orientation skills of a group of young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Kulawiak
- Department of Geoinformatics, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunication and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Dominik Krajnik
- Department of Geoinformatics, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunication and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marta Czaplicka
- Institute of Spatial Management and Geography, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dawidowicz
- Institute of Spatial Management and Geography, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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11
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Gailey S. Changes in Residential Greenspace and Birth Outcomes among Siblings: Differences by Maternal Race. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6790. [PMID: 37754649 PMCID: PMC10531468 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20186790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Growing research investigates the perinatal health benefits of greenspace in a mother's prenatal environment. However, evidence of associations between residential greenspace and birth outcomes remains mixed, limiting the relevance this work holds for urban policy and greening interventions. Past research relies predominantly on cross-sectional designs that are vulnerable to residential selection bias, and rarely tests effect modification by maternal race/ethnicity, which may contribute to heterogeneous findings. This study uses a rigorous, longitudinal sibling comparison design and maternal fixed effect analyses to test whether increases in maternal exposure to residential greenspace between pregnancies precede improved birth outcomes among non-Hispanic (NH) white (n = 247,285) and Black (n = 54,995) mothers (mean age = 28 years) who had at least two consecutive live births in California between 2005 and 2015. Results show that increases in residential greenspace correspond with higher birthweight (coef. = 75.49, 95% CI: 23.48, 127.50) among Black, but not white (coef. = -0.51, 95% CI: -22.90, 21.90), infants. Additional analyses suggest that prior evidence of perinatal benefits associated with residential greenspace among white mothers may arise from residential selection; no such bias is observed for Black mothers. Taken together, these findings support urban greening initiatives in historically under-resourced neighborhoods. Efforts to evenly distribute residential greenspace may reduce persistent racial disparities in birth outcomes, an important step towards promoting health equity across the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Gailey
- Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
- Department of Public Health, Michigan State University, Flint, MI 48502, USA
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12
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Fancello G, Vallée J, Sueur C, van Lenthe FJ, Kestens Y, Montanari A, Chaix B. Micro urban spaces and mental well-being: Measuring the exposure to urban landscapes along daily mobility paths and their effects on momentary depressive symptomatology among older population. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 178:108095. [PMID: 37487375 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The urban environment plays an important role for the mental health of residents. Researchers mainly focus on residential neighbourhoods as exposure context, leaving aside the effects of non-residential environments. In order to consider the daily experience of urban spaces, a people-based approach focused on mobility paths is needed. Applying this approach, (1) this study investigated whether individuals' momentary mental well-being is related to the exposure to micro-urban spaces along the daily mobility paths within the two previous hours; (2) it explored whether these associations differ when environmental exposures are defined considering all location points or only outdoor location points; and (3) it examined the associations between the types of activity and mobility and momentary depressive symptomatology. Using a geographically-explicit ecological momentary assessment approach (GEMA), momentary depressive symptomatology of 216 older adults living in the Ile-de-France region was assessed using smartphone surveys, while participants were tracked with a GPS receiver and an accelerometer for seven days. Exposure to multiple elements of the streetscape was computed within a street network buffer of 25 m of each GPS point over the two hours prior to the questionnaire. Mobility and activity type were documented from a GPS-based mobility survey. We estimated Bayesian generalized mixed effect models with random effects at the individual and day levels and took into account time autocorrelation. We also estimated fixed effects. A better momentary mental wellbeing was observed when residents performed leisure activities or were involved in active mobility and when they were exposed to walkable areas (pedestrian dedicated paths, open spaces, parks and green areas), water elements, and commerce, leisure and cultural attractors over the previous two hours. These relationships were stronger when exposures were defined based only on outdoor location points rather than all location points, and when we considered within-individual differences compared to between-individual differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Fancello
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F75012 Paris, France.
| | - Julie Vallée
- UMR 8504 Géographie-cités (CNRS, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, Université Paris Cité, EHESS), France
| | - Cédric Sueur
- UMR 7178 (CNRS, Unistra, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien), France; Anthropolab, ETHICS - EA 7446, Catholic University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Frank J van Lenthe
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yan Kestens
- Montreal Université, École de santé publique - Département de médecine sociale et preventive, Canada
| | - Andrea Montanari
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F75012 Paris, France
| | - Basile Chaix
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, F75012 Paris, France
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13
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Reid SC, Wang V, Assaf RD, Kaloper S, Murray AT, Shoptaw S, Gorbach P, Cassels S. Novel Location-Based Survey Using Cognitive Interviews to Assess Geographic Networks and Hotspots of Sex and Drug Use: Implementation and Validation Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e45188. [PMID: 37347520 DOI: 10.2196/45188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Ending the HIV Epidemic initiative in the United States relies on HIV hotspots to identify where to geographically target new resources, expertise, and technology. However, interventions targeted at places with high HIV transmission and infection risk, not just places with high HIV incidence, may be more effective at reducing HIV incidence and achieving health equity. OBJECTIVE We described the implementation and validation of a web-based activity space survey on HIV risk behaviors. The survey was intended to collect geographic information that will be used to map risk behavior hotspots as well as the geography of sexual networks in Los Angeles County. METHODS The survey design team developed a series of geospatial questions that follow a 3-level structure that becomes more geographically precise as participants move through the levels. The survey was validated through 9 cognitive interviews and iteratively updated based on participant feedback until the saturation of topics and technical issues was reached. RESULTS In total, 4 themes were identified through the cognitive interviews: functionality of geospatial questions, representation and accessibility, privacy, and length and understanding of the survey. The ease of use for the geospatial questions was critical as many participants were not familiar with mapping software. The inclusion of well-known places, landmarks, and road networks was critical for ease of use. The addition of a Google Maps interface, which was familiar to many participants, aided in collecting accurate and precise location information. The geospatial questions increased the length of the survey and warranted the inclusion of features to simplify it and speed it up. Using nicknames to refer to previously entered geographic locations limited the number of geospatial questions that appeared in the survey and reduced the time taken to complete it. The long-standing relationship between participants and the research team improved comfort to disclose sensitive geographic information related to drug use and sex. Participants in the cognitive interviews highlighted how trust and inclusive and validating language in the survey alleviated concerns related to privacy and representation. CONCLUSIONS This study provides promising results regarding the feasibility of using a web-based mapping survey to collect sensitive location information relevant to ending the HIV epidemic. Data collection at several geographic levels will allow for insights into spatial recall of behaviors as well as future sensitivity analysis of the spatial scale of hotspots and network characteristics. This design also promotes the privacy and comfort of participants who provide location information for sensitive topics. Key considerations for implementing this type of survey include trust from participants, community partners, or research teams to overcome concerns related to privacy and comfort. The implementation of similar surveys should consider local characteristics and knowledge when crafting the geospatial components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean C Reid
- Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Vania Wang
- Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Ryan D Assaf
- Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative, Center for Vulnerable Populations, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sofia Kaloper
- Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Alan T Murray
- Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Steven Shoptaw
- Family Medicine and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pamina Gorbach
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Susan Cassels
- Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
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14
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Bai P, Schipperijn J, Rosenberg M, Christian H. Neighborhood Places for Preschool Children's Physical Activity: A Mixed-Methods Study Using Global Positioning System, Geographic Information Systems, and Accelerometry Data. J Phys Act Health 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37295785 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study adds to the current literature by using a novel device-based method to explore where preschool children are physically active outside of home and childcare settings. This study combined accelerometry with geospatial data to explore the influence of the environment on preschool children's physical activity by objectively identifying the locations where preschool children engage in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) within and outside of their neighborhood. METHODS Accelerometry, Global Positioning System, and Geographic Information Systems data from 168 preschool children aged 2-5 years were processed in ArcGIS Pro to identify locations (per 25 × 25-m fishnet cell) with high MVPA counts. Locations with high MVPA counts were defined as those with the top 20% of MVPA counts per fishnet cell. The land use for high MVPA count location was determined for 3 domains: <500 m from home, 500 to 1600 m from home, and >1600 m from home. RESULTS Locations with high MVPA counts <500 m from home were playgrounds (66.6%), schools (16.7%), and parks (16.7%). Locations with high MVPA counts 500 to 1600 m from home included playgrounds (33.3%), nonhome residential (29.6%), childcare centers (11.1%), and parks (3.7%). Locations with high MVPA counts >1600 m from home included nonhome residential (54.7%), sports and recreation centers (11.1%), playgrounds (6.8%), and parks (5.3%). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight that local parks and playgrounds provide physical activity opportunities for preschool children, yet beyond the local neighborhood, the homes of others are important locations for preschool children to accumulate MVPA. These findings can be used to inform the design of current and future neighborhood places to better accommodate preschool children's MVPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulan Bai
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA,Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA,Australia
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense,Denmark
| | - Michael Rosenberg
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA,Australia
| | - Hayley Christian
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA,Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA,Australia
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15
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Youngbloom AJ, Thierry B, Fuller D, Kestens Y, Winters M, Hirsch JA, Michael YL, Firth C. Gentrification, perceptions of neighborhood change, and mental health in Montréal, Québec. SSM Popul Health 2023; 22:101406. [PMID: 37114239 PMCID: PMC10127140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
While census-defined measures of gentrification are often used in research on gentrification and health, surveys can be used to better understand how residents perceive neighborhood change, and the implications for mental health. Whether or not gentrification affects mental health may depend on the extent to which an individual perceives changes in their neighborhood. Using health and map-based survey data, collected from 2020 to 2021, from the Interventions, Research, and Action in Cities Team, we examined links between perceptions of neighborhood change, census-defined neighborhood gentrification at participant residential addresses, and mental health among 505 adults living in Montréal. After adjusting for age, gender, race, education, and duration at current residence, greater perceived affordability and more positive feelings about neighborhood changes were associated with better mental health, as measured by the mental health component of the short-form health survey. Residents who perceived more change to the social environment had lower mental health scores, after adjusting individual covariates. Census-defined gentrification was not significantly associated with mental health, and perceptions of neighborhood change did not significantly modify the effect of gentrification on mental health. Utilizing survey tools can help researchers understand the role that perceptions of neighborhood change play in the understanding how neighborhood change impacts mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J. Youngbloom
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, 3980 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Benoit Thierry
- Université de Montréal/Centre de Recherche Du CHUM, Pavillon S, 850 Rue St-Denis, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Daniel Fuller
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Health Science Building, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E5, Canada
- Memorial University of Newfoundland, 230 Elizabeth Avenue, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Yan Kestens
- Université de Montréal/Centre de Recherche Du CHUM, Pavillon S, 850 Rue St-Denis, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Meghan Winters
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
- Corresponding author.
| | - Jana A. Hirsch
- Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yvonne L. Michael
- Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Caislin Firth
- Center for Studies in Demography & Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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16
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Selective Daily Mobility Bias in the Community Food Environment: Case Study of Greater Hartford, Connecticut. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020404. [PMID: 36678275 PMCID: PMC9867517 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The community food environment has potential influences on community members' dietary health outcomes, such as obesity and Type II diabetes. However, most existing studies evaluating such health effects neglect human mobility. In food patrons' daily travels, certain locations may be preferred and patronized more frequently than others. This behavioral uncertainty, known as the selective daily mobility bias (SDMB), is less explored in community-food-environment research. In this paper, we aim to confirm the existence of the SDMB by systematically exploring the large-scale GPS-based restaurant-visit patterns in the Greater Harford region, Connecticut. Next, we explore the restaurant and neighborhood characteristics that are associated with the restaurant-visit patterns. Our primary results demonstrate that (1) most restaurant customers originate from areas outside of the census tract where the restaurant is located, and (2) restaurants located in socially vulnerable areas attract more customers in total, more customers from local areas, and more customers from other socially vulnerable areas. These results confirm the relevance of the SDMB to the community food environment, and suggest ways that the SDMB can be moderated by an uneven socio-economic landscape. The findings demonstrate the necessity of incorporating human-mobility data into the study of the community food environment.
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17
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Wave 1 results of the INTerventions, Research, and Action in Cities Team (INTERACT) cohort study: Examining spatio-temporal measures for urban environments and health. Health Place 2023; 79:102646. [PMID: 34366232 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Built environment interventions have the potential to improve population health and reduce health inequities. The objective of this paper is to present the first wave of the INTErventions, Research, and Action in Cities Team (INTERACT) cohort studies in Victoria, Vancouver, Saskatoon, and Montreal, Canada. We examine how our cohorts compared to Canadian census data and present summary data for our outcomes of interest (physical activity, well-being, and social connectedness). We also compare location data and activity spaces from survey data, research-grade GPS and accelerometer devices, and a smartphone app, and compile measures of proximity to select built environment interventions.
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18
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Klein S, Brondeel R, Chaix B, Klein O, Thierry B, Kestens Y, Gerber P, Perchoux C. What triggers selective daily mobility among older adults? A study comparing trip and environmental characteristics between observed path and shortest path. Health Place 2023; 79:102730. [PMID: 34955424 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Interest is growing in neighborhood effects on health beyond individual's home locations. However, few studies accounted for selective daily mobility bias. Selective mobility of 470 older adults (aged 67-94) living in urban and suburban areas of Luxembourg, was measured through detour percentage between their observed GPS-based paths and their shortest paths. Multilevel negative binomial regression tested associations between detour percentage, trips characteristics and environmental exposures. Detour percentage was higher for walking trips (28%) than car trips (16%). Low-speed areas and connectivity differences between observed and shortest paths vary by transport mode, indicating a potential selective daily mobility bias. The positive effects of amenities, street connectivity, low-speed areas and greenness on walking detour reinforce the existing evidence on older adults' active transportation. Urban planning interventions favoring active transportation will also promote walking trips with longer detours, helping older adults to increase their physical activity levels and ultimately promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Klein
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Urban and Mobility Department, Esch/Alzette, L-4366, Luxembourg.
| | - Ruben Brondeel
- Scientific Directorate of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Basile Chaix
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP UMR-S1136, F75012, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Klein
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Urban and Mobility Department, Esch/Alzette, L-4366, Luxembourg
| | - Benoit Thierry
- Centre de Recherche de l'université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, QCL, Canada
| | - Yan Kestens
- Centre de Recherche de l'université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Université de Montréal, QCL, Canada
| | - Philippe Gerber
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Urban and Mobility Department, Esch/Alzette, L-4366, Luxembourg
| | - Camille Perchoux
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Urban and Mobility Department, Esch/Alzette, L-4366, Luxembourg
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Kim EK, Conrow L, Röcke C, Chaix B, Weibel R, Perchoux C. Advances and challenges in sensor-based research in mobility, health, and place. Health Place 2023; 79:102972. [PMID: 36740543 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.102972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyeong Kim
- Department of Urban Development and Mobility, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Lindsey Conrow
- Department of Geography, University of Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Christina Röcke
- University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Gerontology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Basile Chaix
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Nemesis research team, Paris, France
| | - Robert Weibel
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Camille Perchoux
- Department of Urban Development and Mobility, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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20
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Mackenbach JD, Widener MJ, van der Gaag E, Pinho MG. Survey-derived activity space-based exposures to fast food outlets and their cross-sectional associations with use of fast food outlets, diet quality and BMI. Health Place 2023; 79:102966. [PMID: 36608585 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.102966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for conceptual and methodological innovation in food environment-health research. We compared different operationalizations of survey-derived activity space exposures to fast food outlets (FFOs) in associations with use of FFO, diet quality and body mass index (BMI). FFO exposure was determined for home, work and a maximum of sixteen other locations reported by 1728 Dutch adults. Considerable differences in count of FFO between locations were found. Adjusted linear regression analyses resulted in small, unexpected associations with use of FFO, diet quality and BMI, whereby the strength of associations differed between exposure measures. Using home and work areas may be a cost-efficient compromise to capture large parts of the exposure to FFOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joreintje D Mackenbach
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Upstream Team, Amsterdam UMC, Netherlands.
| | - Michael J Widener
- Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto - St George, Toronto, Canada
| | - Emilie van der Gaag
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maria Gm Pinho
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Upstream Team, Amsterdam UMC, Netherlands
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21
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Giri S, Brondeel R, El Aarbaoui T, Chaix B. Application of machine learning to predict transport modes from GPS, accelerometer, and heart rate data. Int J Health Geogr 2022; 21:19. [PMID: 36384535 PMCID: PMC9667683 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-022-00319-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been an increased focus on active transport, but the measurement of active transport is still difficult and error-prone. Sensor data have been used to predict active transport. While heart rate data have very rarely been considered before, this study used random forests (RF) to predict transport modes using Global Positioning System (GPS), accelerometer, and heart rate data and paid attention to methodological issues related to the prediction strategy and post-processing. METHODS The RECORD MultiSensor study collected GPS, accelerometer, and heart rate data over seven days from 126 participants living in the Ile-de-France region. RF models were built to predict transport modes for every minute (ground truth information on modes is from a GPS-based mobility survey), splitting observations between a Training dataset and a Test dataset at the participant level instead at the minute level. Moreover, several window sizes were tested for the post-processing moving average of the predicted transport mode. RESULTS The minute-level prediction rate of being on trips vs. at a visited location was 90%. Final prediction rates of transport modes ranged from 65% for public transport to 95% for biking. Using minute-level observations from the same participants in the Training and Test sets (as RF spontaneously does) upwardly biases prediction rates. The inclusion of heart rate data improved prediction rates only for biking. A 3 to 5-min bandwidth moving average was optimum for a posteriori homogenization. CONCLUSION Heart rate only very slightly contributed to better predictions for specific transport modes. Moreover, our study shows that Training and Test sets must be carefully defined in RF models and that post-processing with carefully chosen moving average windows can improve predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Giri
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657INSERM, Nemesis Research Team, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France ,grid.414412.60000 0001 1943 5037School of Public Health, Ecole des Hautes Études en Santé Publique, Rennes, France
| | - Ruben Brondeel
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tarik El Aarbaoui
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657INSERM, Nemesis Research Team, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Basile Chaix
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657INSERM, Nemesis Research Team, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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22
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Bista S, Fancello G, Chaix B. Acute ambulatory blood pressure response to short-term black carbon exposure: The MobiliSense sensor-based study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157350. [PMID: 35870594 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Documented relationships between black carbon (BC) exposure and blood pressure (BP) have been inconsistent. Very few studies measured both BC exposure and ambulatory BP across the multiple daily environments visited in the general population, and none adjusted for personal noise exposure, a major confounder. Our study addresses these gaps by considering 245 adults living in the Grand Paris region. Personal exposure to BC was monitored for 2 days using AE51 microaethalometers. Ambulatory BP was measured every 30 min after waking up using Arteriograph 24 monitors (n = 6772). Mixed effect models with a random intercept at the individual level and time-autocorrelation structure adjusted for personal noise exposure were used to evaluate the associations between BC exposure (averaged from 5 min to 1 h before each BP measurement) and BP. To increase the robustness of findings, we eliminated confounding by unmeasured time-invariant personal variables, by modelling the associations with fixed-effect models. All models were adjusted for potential confounders and short-term time trends. Results from mixed models show that a 1-μg/m3 increase in 5-minute averaged BC exposure was associated with an increase of 0.57 mmHg in ambulatory systolic blood pressure (SBP) (95 % CI: 0.30, 0.83) and with an increase of 0.36 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (95 % CI: 0.14, 0.58). The slope of the exposure-response relationship gradually decreased for both SBP and DBP with the increase in the averaging period of BC exposure from 5 min to 1 h preceding each BP measurement. Findings from the fixed-effect models were consistent with these results. There was no effect modification by noise in the associations, across all exposure windows. We found evidence of a relationship between BC exposure and acute increase in ambulatory SBP and DBP after adjustment for personal noise exposure, with potential implications for the development of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Bista
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique IPLESP, Nemesis team, Faculté de Médecine Saint-Antoine, 27 rue Chaligny, 75012 Paris, France.
| | - Giovanna Fancello
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique IPLESP, Nemesis team, Faculté de Médecine Saint-Antoine, 27 rue Chaligny, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Basile Chaix
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique IPLESP, Nemesis team, Faculté de Médecine Saint-Antoine, 27 rue Chaligny, 75012 Paris, France
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23
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Hystad P, Amram O, Oje F, Larkin A, Boakye K, Avery A, Gebremedhin A, Duncan G. Bring Your Own Location Data: Use of Google Smartphone Location History Data for Environmental Health Research. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:117005. [PMID: 36356208 PMCID: PMC9648904 DOI: 10.1289/ehp10829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental exposures are commonly estimated using spatial methods, with most epidemiological studies relying on home addresses. Passively collected smartphone location data, like Google Location History (GLH) data, may present an opportunity to integrate existing long-term time-activity data. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the potential use of GLH data for capturing long-term retrospective time-activity data for environmental health research. METHODS We included 378 individuals who participated in previous Global Positioning System (GPS) studies within the Washington State Twin Registry. GLH data consists of location information that has been routinely collected since 2010 when location sharing was enabled within android operating systems or Google apps. We created instructions for participants to download their GLH data and provide it through secure data transfer. We summarized the GLH data provided, compared it to available GPS data, and conducted an exposure assessment for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) air pollution. RESULTS Of 378 individuals contacted, we received GLH data from 61 individuals (16.1%) and 53 (14.0%) indicated interest but did not have historical GLH data available. The provided GLH data spanned 2010-2021 and included 34 million locations, capturing 66,677 participant days. The median number of days with GLH data per participant was 752, capturing 442 unique locations. When we compared GLH data to 2-wk GPS data (∼1.8 million points), 95% of GPS time-activity points were within 100m of GLH locations. We observed important differences between NO2 exposures assigned at home locations compared with GLH locations, highlighting the importance of GLH data to environmental exposure assessment. DISCUSSION We believe collecting GLH data is a feasible and cost-effective method for capturing retrospective time-activity patterns for large populations that presents new opportunities for environmental epidemiology. Cohort studies should consider adding GLH data collection to capture historical time-activity patterns of participants, employing a "bring-your-own-location-data" citizen science approach. Privacy remains a concern that needs to be carefully managed when using GLH data. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10829.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perry Hystad
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Ofer Amram
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University (WSU), Spokane, Washington, USA
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, WSU, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Funso Oje
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, WSU, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Andrew Larkin
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Kwadwo Boakye
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Ally Avery
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University (WSU), Spokane, Washington, USA
| | - Assefaw Gebremedhin
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, WSU, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Glen Duncan
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University (WSU), Spokane, Washington, USA
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Patte M, Chaix B, Gerber P, Klein O, Perchoux C, Vallée J. [Environnement résidentiel et vieillissement en santé : le rôle de l'activité physique et de la participation sociale]. Can J Aging 2022; 41:348-362. [PMID: 35512791 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980821000593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Le vieillissement démographique est un des défis majeurs du 21e siècle. Il pose directement la question du « vieillissement en santé », un processus aidant les personnes âgées à rester en bonne santé et indépendantes le plus longtemps possible. L'influence des facteurs environnementaux sur ce processus peut varier selon les individus et leurs comportements. L'enchevêtrement de ces facteurs représente un défi autant théorique que méthodologique. Cet article a pour objectifs i) de quantifier les associations entre l'environnement physique et social du quartier des personnes âgées et leur vieillissement en santé et ii) d'examiner si leur activité physique et leur participation sociale jouent un rôle de médiation dans ces associations. Si certaines caractéristiques du quartier relatives à la réputation, l'accès aux services, et la cohésion sociale sont associées au vieillissement en santé, il existe un soutien limité à l'idée que les comportements tiennent un rôle d'intermédiaire dans cette relation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Patte
- Géographie-Cités - UMR 8504, Campus Condorcet 5, Cours des Humanités 93322 Aubervilliers Cedex, 75006, France
| | - Basile Chaix
- Inserm, UMR-S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique - Faculté de Médecine Site Saint-Antoine - 27, rue Chaligny 75012 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Gerber
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Maison des Sciences Humaines, 11, Porte des Sciences L-4366Esch-sur-Alzette / Belval, Luxembourg
| | - Olivier Klein
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Maison des Sciences Humaines, 11, Porte des Sciences L-4366Esch-sur-Alzette / Belval, Luxembourg
| | - Camille Perchoux
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Maison des Sciences Humaines, 11, Porte des Sciences L-4366Esch-sur-Alzette / Belval, Luxembourg
| | - Julie Vallée
- Géographie-Cités - UMR 8504, Campus Condorcet 5, Cours des Humanités 93322 Aubervilliers Cedex, 75006, France
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Hwang S, Webber-Ritchey K, Moxley E. Comparison of GPS imputation methods in environmental health research. GEOSPATIAL HEALTH 2022; 17. [PMID: 36047344 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2022.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of personal exposure in the external environment commonly relies on global positioning system (GPS) measurements. However, it has been challenging to determine exposures accurately due to missing data in GPS trajectories. In environmental health research using GPS, missing data are often discarded or are typically imputed based on the last known location or linear interpolation. Imputation is said to mitigate bias in exposure measures, but methods used are hardly evaluated against ground truth. Widely used imputation methods assume that a person is either stationary or constantly moving during the missing interval. Relaxing this assumption, we propose a method for imputing locations as a function of a person's likely movement state (stop, move) during the missing interval. We then evaluate the proposed method in terms of the accuracy of imputed location, movement state, and daily mobility measures such as the number of trips and time spent on places visited. Experiments based on real data collected by participants (n=59) show that the proposed approach outperforms existing methods. Imputation to the last known location can lead to large deviation from the actual location when gap distance is large. Linear interpolation is shown to result in large errors in mobility measures. Researchers should be aware that the different treatment of missing data can affect the spatiotemporal accuracy of GPS-based exposure assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungsoon Hwang
- Department of Geography, DePaul University, Chicago, IL.
| | | | - Elizabeth Moxley
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL.
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26
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Loh V, Sahlqvist S, Veitch J, Thornton L, Salmon J, Cerin E, Schipperijn J, Timperio A. From motorised to active travel: using GPS data to explore potential physical activity gains among adolescents. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1512. [PMID: 35945528 PMCID: PMC9361606 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A high proportion of adolescents worldwide are not doing enough physical activity for health benefits. Replacing short motorised trips with walking or cycling has the potential to increase physical activity at the population level. This study aimed to estimate the proportion of short distance motorised trips that could be replaced with walking or cycling, and the potential physical activity gains by sociodemographic and trip characteristics. Methods Data were from a subsample of the NEighbourhood Activity in Youth (NEArbY) study conducted among adolescents in Melbourne. A total of 217 adolescents with at least one motorised trip completed a survey and wore a Global Positioning Systems (GPS) device for eight consecutive days. Classification of travel modes were based on speed. GPS data points were geocoded in ArcGIS. Motorised trips within walkable (1.3 km) and cyclable (4.2 km) distances were identified (threshold based on 80th percentile of walking and cycling trip distances among Victorian adolescents), and the additional physical activity minutes that could be accrued by replacing walkable or cyclable motorised trip to active trips were quantified. Multilevel linear regression was used to assess differences in physical activity minutes gain by sociodemographic and trip characteristics. Results A total of 4,116 motorised trips were made. Of these, 17% were walkable and 61% were cyclable. Replacing motorised trips by walking and cycling resulted in estimated gains of six minutes and 15 min of physical activity per day, respectively. Conclusion The sizable proportion of replaceable trips and potential physical activity gains from this shift calls for attention to improve safe and connected infrastructure to support active travel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venurs Loh
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - Shannon Sahlqvist
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Jenny Veitch
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Lukar Thornton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia.,Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
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Implementing a Rural Natural Experiment: A Protocol for Evaluating the Impacts of Food Coops on Food Consumption, Resident's Health and Community Vitality. Methods Protoc 2022; 5:mps5020033. [PMID: 35448698 PMCID: PMC9025453 DOI: 10.3390/mps5020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Local food environments are recognized by experts as a determinant of healthy eating. Food cooperatives (coop) can promote the accessibility to healthier foods and thus improve the health of the population, particularly in remote rural communities. Objective: To measure the effects of implementing a food coop in a disadvantaged community with poor access to food. We have two main research questions: (1). Does the establishment of a food coop in rural areas described as food deserts have an impact on accessibility, frequency of use, food consumption, food quality, and ultimately the health of individuals? (2). Does the establishment of a food coop in rural areas described as food deserts have an impact on food security and community vitality? Design: A natural experiment with a mixed pre/post method will be used. The sample is composed of households that came from geographically isolated communities (population: 215 to 885 inhabitants) which qualified as food deserts and located in rural areas of Quebec (Canada). All communities plan to open a food coop (in the years 2022–2023), and as their opening will be staggered over time, participants from communities with a new food coop (intervention) will be compared to communities awaiting the opening of their food coop (control). Data collection was carried out at three time points: (1) before; (2) 1 to 5 months after; and (3) 13 to 17 months after the opening of the coop. Questionnaires were used to measure sociodemographic variables, dietary intake, residents’ health, and community vitality. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with community stakeholders. Results: Few natural experiments have been conducted regarding the impact of implementing food coops. Gathering concrete data on the effectiveness and processes surrounding these interventions through natural experiments will help to quantify their impact and guide knowledge users and policymakers to make more informed decisions.
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Revealing Dynamic Spatial Structures of Urban Mobility Networks and the Underlying Evolutionary Patterns. ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/ijgi11040237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Urban space exhibits rich and diverse organizational structures, which is difficult to characterize and interpret. Modelling urban spatial structures in the context of mobility and revealing their underlying patterns in dynamic networks are key to understanding urban spatial structures and how urban systems work. Most existing methods overlook its temporal dimension and oversimplify its spatial heterogeneity, and it is challenging to address these complex properties using one single method. Therefore, we propose a framework based on temporal networks for modeling dynamic urban mobility structures. First, we cast aggregated traffic flows into a compact and informative temporal network for structure representation. Then, we explore spatial cluster substructures and temporal evolution patterns to acquire evolution regularities. Last, the capability of the proposed framework is examined by an empirical analysis based on taxi mobility networks. The experiment results enable to quantitatively depict urban space dynamics and effectively detect spatiotemporal heterogeneity in mobility networks.
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Chaix B, Bista S, Wang L, Benmarhnia T, Dureau C, Duncan DT. MobiliSense cohort study protocol: do air pollution and noise exposure related to transport behaviour have short-term and longer-term health effects in Paris, France? BMJ Open 2022; 12:e048706. [PMID: 35361634 PMCID: PMC8971765 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-048706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MobiliSense explores effects of air pollution and noise related to personal transport habits on respiratory and cardiovascular health. Its objectives are to quantify the contribution of personal transport/mobility to air pollution and noise exposures of individuals; to compare exposures in different transport modes; and to investigate whether total and transport-related personal exposures are associated with short-term and longer-term changes in respiratory and cardiovascular health. METHODS AND ANALYSIS MobiliSense uses sensors of location, behaviour, environmental nuisances and health in 290 census-sampled participants followed-up after 1/2 years with an identical sensor-based strategy. It addresses knowledge gaps by: (1) assessing transport behaviour over 6 days with GPS receivers and GPS-based mobility surveys; (2) considering personal exposures to both air pollution and noise and improving their characterisation (inhaled doses, noise frequency components, etc); (3) measuring respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes (smartphone-assessed respiratory symptoms, lung function with spirometry, resting blood pressure, ambulatory brachial/central blood pressure, arterial stiffness and heart rate variability) and (4) investigating short-term and longer-term (over 1-2 years) effects of transport. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The sampling and data collection protocol was approved by the National Council for Statistical Information, the French Data Protection Authority and the Ethical Committee of Inserm. Our final aim is to determine, for communicating with policy-makers, how scenarios of changes in personal transport behaviour affect individual exposure and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basile Chaix
- Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique IPLESP, Nemesis team, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Sanjeev Bista
- Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique IPLESP, Nemesis team, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Limin Wang
- Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique IPLESP, Nemesis team, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Tarik Benmarhnia
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health & Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Clélie Dureau
- Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique IPLESP, Nemesis team, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Dustin T Duncan
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
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30
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Lipperman-Kreda S, Islam S, Wharton K, Finan LJ, Kowitt SD. Youth tobacco and cannabis use and co-use: Associations with daily exposure to tobacco marketing within activity spaces and by travel patterns. Addict Behav 2022; 126:107202. [PMID: 34864435 PMCID: PMC8751225 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated youth daily activity spaces, travel patterns, exposure to tobacco retail marketing, and tobacco and cannabis use and co-use. METHODS Data included 1,060 daily assessments from 100 participants (16-20 years old) in 8 California cities. Using GPS-enabled smartphones with a survey application, youth completed brief daily surveys, and location coordinates were obtained at one-minute intervals. Tobacco outlets in study cities were visited by observers to record outlet GPS point locations and data concerning tobacco marketing. Tobacco outlet addresses and GPS location coordinates were geocoded. Activity spaces were constructed by joining sequential location points. Measures included the number of outlets with outdoor tobacco marketing within 50 m of activity space polylines and the amount of time participants were within 50 m of these outlets each day. Participants also reported tobacco and cannabis use and whether they saw tobacco ads by their neighborhood, school, workplace, and anywhere else each day. Additionally each day they reported how much time they traveled by different modes of transportation, with parents/guardians, and with friends. RESULTS In mixed effects multinomial regression models, perceived exposure to tobacco marketing was associated with co-use of tobacco and cannabis on a given day (RRR = 1.66, p < 0.05). Although perceived exposure to tobacco marketing was not associated with tobacco use only, moderation analysis indicated that the likelihood of tobacco use was greater among youth who walked/biked/skated more (RRR = 5.22, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Perceived exposure to tobacco marketing contributes to youth tobacco and cannabis use or co-use, especially for those who travel by walking/biking/skating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Lipperman-Kreda
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2150 Shattuck Avenue Suite 601, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Sabrina Islam
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2150 Shattuck Avenue Suite 601, Berkeley, CA, USA; School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kristina Wharton
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2150 Shattuck Avenue Suite 601, Berkeley, CA, USA; School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Laura J Finan
- Department of Psychology, Illinois State University, IL, USA
| | - Sarah D Kowitt
- Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Whitehead J, Smith M, Anderson Y, Zhang Y, Wu S, Maharaj S, Donnellan N. Improving spatial data in health geographics: a practical approach for testing data to measure children's physical activity and food environments using Google Street View. Int J Health Geogr 2021; 20:37. [PMID: 34407813 PMCID: PMC8375212 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-021-00288-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Geographic information systems (GIS) are often used to examine the association between both physical activity and nutrition environments, and children’s health. It is often assumed that geospatial datasets are accurate and complete. Furthermore, GIS datasets regularly lack metadata on the temporal specificity. Data is usually provided ‘as is’, and therefore may be unsuitable for retrospective or longitudinal studies of health outcomes. In this paper we outline a practical approach to both fill gaps in geospatial datasets, and to test their temporal validity. This approach is applied to both district council and open-source datasets in the Taranaki region of Aotearoa New Zealand.
Methods We used the ‘streetview’ python script to download historic Google Street View (GSV) images taken between 2012 and 2016 across specific locations in the Taranaki region. Images were reviewed and relevant features were incorporated into GIS datasets. Results A total of 5166 coordinates with environmental features missing from council datasets were identified. The temporal validity of 402 (49%) environmental features was able to be confirmed from council dataset considered to be ‘complete’. A total of 664 (55%) food outlets were identified and temporally validated. Conclusions Our research indicates that geospatial datasets are not always complete or temporally valid. We have outlined an approach to test the sensitivity and specificity of GIS datasets using GSV images. A substantial number of features were identified, highlighting the limitations of many GIS datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Whitehead
- School of Nursing, University of Auckland, Private Bag 920019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Melody Smith
- School of Nursing, University of Auckland, Private Bag 920019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Yvonne Anderson
- Department of Paediatrics, Child and Youth Health, University of Auckland, Level 1, Building 507, Grafton Campus, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.,Department of Paediatrics, Taranaki Base Hospital, Taranaki District Health Board, David Street, New Plymouth, 4310, New Zealand.,Tamariki Pakari Child Health and Wellbeing Trust, Taranaki, New Zealand
| | - Yijun Zhang
- School of Nursing, University of Auckland, Private Bag 920019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Stephanie Wu
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 920019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Shreya Maharaj
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 920019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Niamh Donnellan
- School of Nursing, University of Auckland, Private Bag 920019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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32
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Poom A, Willberg E, Toivonen T. Environmental exposure during travel: A research review and suggestions forward. Health Place 2021; 70:102584. [PMID: 34020232 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Daily travel through the urban fabric exposes urban dwellers to a range of environmental conditions that may have an impact on their health and wellbeing. Knowledge about exposures during travel, their associations with travel behavior, and their social and health outcomes are still limited. In our review, we aim to explain how the current environmental exposure research addresses the interactions between human and environmental systems during travel through their spatial, temporal and contextual dimensions. Based on the 104 selected studies, we identify significant recent advances in addressing the spatiotemporal dynamics of exposure during travel. However, the conceptual and methodological framework for understanding the role of multiple environmental exposures in travel environments is still in an early phase, and the health and wellbeing impacts at individual or population level are not well known. Further research with greater geographical balance is needed to fill the gaps in the empirical evidence, and linking environmental exposures during travel with the causal health and wellbeing outcomes. These advancements can enable evidence-based urban and transport planning to take the next step in advancing urban livability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Age Poom
- Digital Geography Lab, Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland; Mobility Lab, Department of Geography, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, EE-51003, Tartu, Estonia; Helsinki Institute of Urban and Regional Studies (Urbaria), University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 3, FI-00014, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 3, FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Elias Willberg
- Digital Geography Lab, Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Urban and Regional Studies (Urbaria), University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 3, FI-00014, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 3, FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Tuuli Toivonen
- Digital Geography Lab, Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Urban and Regional Studies (Urbaria), University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 3, FI-00014, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 3, FI-00014, Finland.
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33
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Dixon BN, Ugwoaba UA, Brockmann AN, Ross KM. Associations between the built environment and dietary intake, physical activity, and obesity: A scoping review of reviews. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13171. [PMID: 33369097 PMCID: PMC8629168 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There exists a large body of literature examining the association between built environment factors and dietary intake, physical activity, and weight status; however, synthesis of this literature has been limited. To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review of reviews and identified 74 reviews and meta-analyses that investigated the association between built environment factors and dietary intake, physical activity, and/or weight status. Results across reviews were mixed, with heterogeneous effects demonstrated in terms of strength and statistical significance; however, preliminary support was identified for several built environment factors. For example, quality of dietary intake appeared to be associated with the availability of grocery stores, higher levels of physical activity appeared to be most consistently associated with greater walkability, and lower weight status was associated with greater diversity in land-use mix. Overall, reviews reported substantial concern regarding methodological limitations and poor quality of existing studies. Future research should focus on improving study quality (e.g., using longitudinal methods, including natural experiments, and newer mobile sensing technologies) and consensus should be drawn regarding how to define and measure both built environment factors and weight-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney N Dixon
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Umelo A Ugwoaba
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Andrea N Brockmann
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kathryn M Ross
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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34
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Chan DV, Mann A, Gopal S. Applying Environmental Context to Rehabilitation Research Using Geographic Information Systems and Global Positioning Systems Geospatial Technologies. REHABILITATION RESEARCH POLICY AND EDUCATION 2021; 35:33-50. [PMID: 34306839 DOI: 10.1891/re-19-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health includes important considerations of environmental context in understanding disability, but the environmental impact is often difficult to measure. Purpose Demonstrates the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in rehabilitation research in assessing accessibility and participation; describes how to use these methods, and presents several considerations in using GIS and GPS in research. Method Using methods from public health and medical geography, this article describes how to apply GIS and GPS technologies to rehabilitation research to measure community participation and accessibility to resources. Findings Directions for using ArcGIS functions and case examples joining these mapping technologies with rehabilitation measures are provided. Conclusions Together with traditional measures, these technologies may provide rehabilitation researchers a more comprehensive approach to assessing accessibility and participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara V Chan
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Allied Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counseling, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adam Mann
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Allied Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counseling, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sucharita Gopal
- Boston University, Department of Earth and Environment, Boston, MA, USA
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35
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Bayat S, Widener MJ, Mihailidis A. Bringing the "Place" to Life-Space in Gerontology Research. Gerontology 2021; 67:374-378. [PMID: 33677451 DOI: 10.1159/000513762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding older adults' relationships with their environments and the way this relationship evolves over time have been increasingly acknowledged in gerontological research. This relationship is often measured in terms of life-space, defined as the spatial area through which a person moves within a specific period of time. Life-space is traditionally reported using questionnaires or travel diaries and is, thus, subject to inaccuracies. More recently, studies are using a global positioning system to accurately measure life-space. Although life-space provides useful insights into older adults' relationships with their environment, it does not capture the inherent complexities of environmental exposures. In the fields of travel behaviour and health geography, a substantial amount of research has looked at people's spatial behaviour using the notion of "Activity Space," allowing for increasing sophistication in understanding older adults' experience of their environment. This manuscript discusses developments and directions for extending the life-space framework in environmental gerontology by drawing on the advancements in the activity space framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeh Bayat
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, .,KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,
| | - Michael J Widener
- Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alex Mihailidis
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Occupational Therapy & Occupational Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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36
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Geodiversity Assessment with Crowdsourced Data and Spatial Multicriteria Analysis. ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/ijgi9120716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents an approach to geodiversity assessment based on spatial multicriteria analysis. Instead of relying solely on weighted linear combination (WLC) for aggregating factor ratings and weights to compute a synthetic measure of geodiversity, the approach employs WLC in concert with its local version called L-WLC to provide a more comprehensive assessment approach. As part of the approach, the assessment input data comprised of geodiversity factor ratings and weights were obtained through crowdsourcing. A geoinformation crowdsourcing tool called the geo-questionnaire was used to obtain data from 57 Earth science researchers worldwide. These data served as the bases for a group assessment of geodiversity. The reliability of assessment was evaluated by means of spatially explicit uncertainty analysis. The results showed the efficacy of local spatial multicriteria analysis techniques (L-WLC) used in concert with a global technique (WLC) on the example of geodiversity assessment for Karkonosze National Park in southwestern Poland.
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37
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Hinrichs T, Zanda A, Fillekes MP, Bereuter P, Portegijs E, Rantanen T, Schmidt-Trucksäss A, Zeller AW, Weibel R. Map-based assessment of older adults' life space: validity and reliability. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2020; 17:21. [PMID: 33292160 PMCID: PMC7700712 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-020-00253-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Map-based tools have recently found their way into health-related research. They can potentially be used to quantify older adults’ life-space. This study aimed to evaluate the validity (vs. GPS) and the test-retest reliability of a map-based life-space assessment (MBA). Methods Life-space of one full week was assessed by GPS and by MBA. MBA was repeated after approximately 3 weeks. Distance-related (mean and maximum distance from home) and area-related (convex hull, standard deviational ellipse) life-space indicators were calculated. Intraclass correlations (MBA vs. GPS and test-retest) were calculated in addition to Bland-Altman analyses (MBA vs. GPS). Results Fifty-eight older adults (mean age 74, standard deviation 5.5 years; 39.7% women) participated in the study. Bland-Altman analyses showed the highest agreement between methods for the maximum distance from home. Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged between 0.19 (95% confidence interval 0 to 0.47) for convex hull and 0.72 (95% confidence interval 0.52 to 0.84) for maximum distance from home. Intraclass correlation coefficients for test-retest reliability ranged between 0.04 (95% confidence interval 0 to 0.30) for convex hull and 0.43 (95% confidence interval 0.19 to 0.62) for mean distance from home. Conclusions While acceptable validity and reliability were found for the distance-related life-space parameters, MBA cannot be recommended for the assessment of area-related life-space parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Hinrichs
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320 B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Adriana Zanda
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michelle P Fillekes
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging", University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pia Bereuter
- Institute of Geomatics Engineering, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320 B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas W Zeller
- Centre for Primary Health Care, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Weibel
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging", University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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38
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Sharp G, Kimbro RT. Neighborhood social environments, healthy resources, and adult diabetes: Accounting for activity space exposures. Health Place 2020; 67:102473. [PMID: 33212395 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study broadens contextual environments to include adults' activity spaces-inside and outside the residential neighborhood-to examine how contextual exposures shape type 2 diabetes risk. We use novel longitudinal data from the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey, construct time-weighted exposure measures of adults' social-structural and healthy resource environments, and execute random effects logistic models predicting the probability of being diabetic. Results indicate that residential and activity space exposures are independently associated with adult diabetes, and that residential and activity space healthy resources combine to influence diabetes risk in synergistic ways. Living in more socioeconomically advantaged neighborhoods reduces diabetes risk, particularly when spending time in activity spaces with greater access to recreational facilities. Moreover, healthier activity space environments may compensate for living in neighborhoods devoid of healthy food options to lessen diabetes risk. Adopting an activity space framework can inform multilevel interventions aimed at alleviating type 2 diabetes and other chronic ailments.
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39
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Fernandes A, Van Lenthe FJ, Vallée J, Sueur C, Chaix B. Linking physical and social environments with mental health in old age: a multisensor approach for continuous real-life ecological and emotional assessment. J Epidemiol Community Health 2020; 75:477-483. [PMID: 33148684 PMCID: PMC8053354 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-214274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Urban stress is mentioned as a plausible mechanism leading to chronic stress, which is a risk factor of depression. Yet, an accurate assessment of urban stressors in environmental epidemiology requires new methods. This article discusses methods for the sensor-based continuous assesment of geographic environments, stress and depressive symptoms in older age. We report protocols of the promoting mental well-being and healthy ageing in cities (MINDMAP) and Healthy Aging and Networks in Cities (HANC) studies nested in the RECORD Cohort as a background for a broad discussion about the theoretical foundation and monitoring tools of mobile sensing research in older age. Specifically, these studies allow one to compare how older people with and without depression perceive, navigate and use their environment; and how the built environments, networks of social contacts, and spatial mobility patterns influence the mental health of older people. Methods Our research protocol combines (1) Global Positioning System (GPS) and accelerometer tracking and a GPS-based mobility survey to assess participants’ mobility patterns, activity patterns and environmental exposures; (2) proximity detection to assess whether household members are close to each other; (3) ecological momentary assessment to track momentary mood and stress and environmental perceptions; and (4) electrodermal activity for the tentative prediction of stress. Data will be compared within individuals (at different times) and between persons with and without depressive symptoms. Conclusion The development of mobile sensing and survey technologies opens an avenue to improve understanding of the role of momentary stressors and resourcing features of residential and non-residential environments for older populations’ mental health. However, validation, privacy and ethical aspects are important issues to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Fernandes
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Nemesis Research Team, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Frank J Van Lenthe
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Julie Vallée
- UMR Géographie-cités, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
| | - Cedric Sueur
- CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Basile Chaix
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Nemesis Research Team, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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40
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Raskind IG, Kegler MC, Girard AW, Dunlop AL, Kramer MR. An activity space approach to understanding how food access is associated with dietary intake and BMI among urban, low-income African American women. Health Place 2020; 66:102458. [PMID: 33035746 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Inconclusive evidence for how food environments affect health may result from an emphasis on residential neighborhood-based measures of exposure. We used an activity space approach to examine whether 1) measures of food access and 2) associations with diet and BMI differ between residential and activity space food environments among low-income African American women in Atlanta, Georgia (n = 199). Although residential and activity space environments differed across all dimensions of food access, being located farther away from 'unhealthy' outlets was associated with lower BMI in both environments. Future research should move beyond asking whether residential and activity space environments differ, toward examining if, how, and under what conditions these differences impact the estimation of health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anne L Dunlop
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, USA
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41
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Alexandre N, Cédric S, Chaix B, Yan K. Combining social network and activity space data for health research: tools and methods. Health Place 2020; 66:102454. [PMID: 33032243 PMCID: PMC7534796 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Contextual factors influencing population health have received substantial attention, especially with regard to people's social networks and the roles of built environments in their activity spaces. Yet little health research has considered spatial and social contexts simultaneously, often because of a lack of existing data. This paper presents a tool for collecting relational data on social network and activity space that extends an existing map-based questionnaire with the addition of a name generator. We then illustrate how network analysis provides a useful framework for studying connections between social and spatial contexts using data collected in the Contrasted Urban settings for Healthy Aging research project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naud Alexandre
- Ecole de Sante Publique, Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Université de Montréal, 7101, Avenue du Parc, Montréal, Qc, H3N 1X9, Canada; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Axe de Recherche Santé des Populations, Pavillon S, 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Universite de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 23 Rue du Loess, 67200, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Sueur Cédric
- Universite de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 23 Rue du Loess, 67200, Strasbourg, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation, 1 Rue Descartes, 75231 PARIS CEDEX 05, France.
| | - Basile Chaix
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Nemesis Research Team, 6 Boulevard Vincent Auriol, 75646 Paris, France.
| | - Kestens Yan
- Ecole de Sante Publique, Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Université de Montréal, 7101, Avenue du Parc, Montréal, Qc, H3N 1X9, Canada; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Axe de Recherche Santé des Populations, Pavillon S, 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
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42
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Ortega A, Bejarano CM, Cushing CC, Staggs VS, Papa AE, Steel C, Shook RP, Sullivan DK, Couch SC, Conway TL, Saelens BE, Glanz K, Frank LD, Cain KL, Kerr J, Schipperijn J, Sallis JF, Carlson JA. Differences in adolescent activity and dietary behaviors across home, school, and other locations warrant location-specific intervention approaches. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:123. [PMID: 32993715 PMCID: PMC7526379 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investigation of physical activity and dietary behaviors across locations can inform "setting-specific" health behavior interventions and improve understanding of contextual vulnerabilities to poor health. This study examined how physical activity, sedentary time, and dietary behaviors differed across home, school, and other locations in young adolescents. METHODS Participants were adolescents aged 12-16 years from the Baltimore-Washington, DC and the Seattle areas from a larger cross-sectional study. Participants (n = 472) wore an accelerometer and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) tracker (Mean days = 5.12, SD = 1.62) to collect location-based physical activity and sedentary data. Participants (n = 789) completed 24-h dietary recalls to assess dietary behaviors and eating locations. Spatial analyses were performed to classify daily physical activity, sedentary time patterns, and dietary behaviors by location, categorized as home, school, and "other" locations. RESULTS Adolescents were least physically active at home (2.5 min/hour of wear time) and school (2.9 min/hour of wear time) compared to "other" locations (5.9 min/hour of wear time). Participants spent a slightly greater proportion of wear time in sedentary time when at school (41 min/hour of wear time) than at home (39 min/hour of wear time), and time in bouts lasting ≥30 min (10 min/hour of wear time) and mean sedentary bout duration (5 min) were highest at school. About 61% of daily energy intake occurred at home, 25% at school, and 14% at "other" locations. Proportionately to energy intake, daily added sugar intake (5 g/100 kcal), fruits and vegetables (0.16 servings/100 kcal), high calorie beverages (0.09 beverages/100 kcal), whole grains (0.04 servings/100 kcal), grams of fiber (0.65 g/100 kcal), and calories of fat (33 kcal/100 kcal) and saturated fat (12 kcal/100 kcal) consumed were nutritionally least favorable at "other" locations. Daily sweet and savory snacks consumed was highest at school (0.14 snacks/100 kcal). CONCLUSIONS Adolescents' health behaviors differed based on the location/environment they were in. Although dietary behaviors were generally more favorable in the home and school locations, physical activity was generally low and sedentary time was higher in these locations. Health behavior interventions that address the multiple locations in which adolescents spend time and use location-specific behavior change strategies should be explored to optimize health behaviors in each location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Ortega
- Clinical Child Psychology Program and Schiefelbusch Institute for Life Span Studies, University of Kansas, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, 610 E. 22nd Street, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Carolina M Bejarano
- Clinical Child Psychology Program and Schiefelbusch Institute for Life Span Studies, University of Kansas, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, 610 E. 22nd Street, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Christopher C Cushing
- Clinical Child Psychology Program and Schiefelbusch Institute for Life Span Studies, University of Kansas, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Vincent S Staggs
- Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Health Services & Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, USA
| | - Amy E Papa
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, 610 E. 22nd Street, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Chelsea Steel
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, 610 E. 22nd Street, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Robin P Shook
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, 610 E. 22nd Street, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Debra K Sullivan
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Sarah C Couch
- Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Terry L Conway
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Brian E Saelens
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington & Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Karen Glanz
- Perelman School of Medicine and School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lawrence D Frank
- School of Community and Regional Planning, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kelli L Cain
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jacqueline Kerr
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - James F Sallis
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jordan A Carlson
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, 610 E. 22nd Street, Kansas City, MO, USA.
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, USA.
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Lipperman-Kreda S, Finan LJ, Kowitt SD, Grube JW, Abadi M, Balassone A, Kaner E. Youth daily exposure to tobacco outlets and cigarette smoking behaviors: does exposure within activity space matter? Addiction 2020; 115:1728-1735. [PMID: 32032445 PMCID: PMC7415501 DOI: 10.1111/add.15001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To examine whether daily exposure to tobacco outlets within activity spaces is associated with cigarette smoking and with the number of cigarettes smoked by youth that day. DESIGN The study used geographic ecological momentary assessment (GEMA) data that combined daily surveys with ecological momentary assessment of global positioning systems (GPS) using geographic information systems (GIS) to allow for real-time data collection of participants' environments and behaviors. SETTING Eight mid-sized California (USA) city areas. PARTICIPANTS The analytical sample included 1065 days, which were clustered within 100 smoker and non-smoker participants (aged 16-20 years, 60% female). MEASUREMENTS Any cigarette smoking and number of cigarettes smoked on a given day, the number of tobacco outlets within 100 m of activity space polylines each day, the number of minutes participants spent within 100 m of tobacco outlets each day and demographic characteristics (age, sex, race/ethnicity and perceived socio-economic status). FINDINGS Controlling for demographic characteristics, the findings of multi-level mixed effects logistic models were inconclusive, whether or not the number of tobacco outlets within 100 m of youths' activity space polylines or the number of minutes spent within 100 m of tobacco outlets were associated with whether the participant smoked cigarettes on a given day [odds ratio (OR) = 1.05, P = 0.24; OR = 0.99, P = 0.81, respectively]. However, in multi-level zero-inflated negative binomial models, the risk of smoking an additional cigarette on a given day increased with each additional tobacco outlet [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.04, P < 0.05] and each additional minute spent within 100 m of tobacco outlets (IRR = 1.01, P < 0.001) each day. CONCLUSIONS Among young people in urban California, differences in day-to-day exposure to tobacco outlets within activity spaces does not seem to be significantly associated with whether a person smokes a cigarette on a given day, but higher exposure to tobacco outlets appears to be positively associated with the number of cigarettes smoked on that day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Lipperman-Kreda
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 601, Berkeley, CA 94704
| | - Laura J. Finan
- Department of Psychology, Illinois State University, Campus Box 4620, Normal, IL 61790-4620
| | - Sarah D. Kowitt
- Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joel W. Grube
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 601, Berkeley, CA 94704
| | - Melissa Abadi
- Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, One Riverfront Plaza, Suite 2100, 401 West Main Street, Louisville, KY 40202
| | - Anna Balassone
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 601, Berkeley, CA 94704
| | - Emily Kaner
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 601, Berkeley, CA 94704
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Using the concept of activity space to understand the social health of older adults living with memory problems and dementia at home. Soc Sci Med 2020; 288:113208. [PMID: 32703683 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Globally as the population ages, the prevalence of dementia will increase. Simultaneously, there is a trend toward people ageing at home. Therefore, more people will be ageing at home with dementia, as opposed to institutional environments. In this context, there has been a recent shift in research exploring ways that people can live well with the consequences of the disease. As a part of this emerging research, the social and spatial aspects of the lives of people living with memory problems are becoming increasingly of interest. The aim of this article is to use the concept of activity space to examine the social health of older adults with memory problems and dementia who live at home. Activity space data were collected from seven older adults experiencing memory problems and living at home in the Netherlands. Using a mixed-methods approach, insight into their activity spaces were gained through walking interviews, 14 days of global positioning system (GPS) movement data, travel diary entries and in-depth interviews. The GPS data, travel diary data and interview transcripts were analyzed using a grounded visualization approach. Our findings show that participants interact independently in routine activity spaces but depend on others to participate in occasional activity spaces. Interactions within both these spaces contribute to the social health of older adults with memory problems and dementia who live at home. Additionally, participants used coping strategies and decision-making to maintain autonomy in daily life. The findings can inform dementia-friendly initiatives and social health care planning.
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Elliston KG, Schüz B, Albion T, Ferguson SG. Comparison of Geographic Information System and Subjective Assessments of Momentary Food Environments as Predictors of Food Intake: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8:e15948. [PMID: 32706728 PMCID: PMC7407250 DOI: 10.2196/15948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been observed that eating is influenced by the presence and availability of food. Being aware of the presence of food in the environment may enable mobile health (mHealth) apps to use geofencing techniques to determine the most appropriate time to proactively deliver interventions. To date, however, studies on eating typically rely on self-reports of environmental contexts, which may not be accurate or feasible for issuing mHealth interventions. Objective This study aimed to compare the subjective and geographic information system (GIS) assessments of the momentary food environment to explore the feasibility of using GIS data to predict eating behavior and inform geofenced interventions. Methods In total, 72 participants recorded their food intake in real-time for 14 days using an ecological momentary assessment approach. Participants logged their food intake and responded to approximately 5 randomly timed assessments each day. During each assessment, the participants reported the number and type of food outlets nearby. Their electronic diaries simultaneously recorded their GPS coordinates. The GPS data were later overlaid with a GIS map of food outlets to produce an objective count of the number of food outlets within 50 m of the participant. Results Correlations between self-reported and GIS counts of food outlets within 50 m were only of a small size (r=0.17; P<.001). Logistic regression analyses revealed that the GIS count significantly predicted eating similar to the self-reported counts (area under the curve for the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC-ROC] self-report=0.53, SE 0.00 versus AUC-ROC 50 m GIS=0.53, SE 0.00; P=.41). However, there was a significant difference between the GIS-derived and self-reported counts of food outlets and the self-reported type of food outlets (AUC-ROC self-reported outlet type=0.56, SE 0.01; P<.001). Conclusions The subjective food environment appears to predict eating better than objectively measured food environments via GIS. mHealth apps may need to consider the type of food outlets rather than the raw number of outlets in an individual’s environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin Schüz
- Institute of Public Health and Nursing Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.,Leibniz Science Campus, Digital Public Health, Bremen, Germany
| | - Tim Albion
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Stuart G Ferguson
- College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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Plascak JJ, Schootman M, Rundle AG, Xing C, Llanos AAM, Stroup AM, Mooney SJ. Spatial predictive properties of built environment characteristics assessed by drop-and-spin virtual neighborhood auditing. Int J Health Geogr 2020; 19:21. [PMID: 32471502 PMCID: PMC7257196 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-020-00213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Virtual neighborhood audits have been used to visually assess characteristics of the built environment for health research. Few studies have investigated spatial predictive properties of audit item responses patterns, which are important for sampling efficiency and audit item selection. We investigated the spatial properties, with a focus on predictive accuracy, of 31 individual audit items related to built environment in a major Metropolitan region of the Northeast United States. Methods Approximately 8000 Google Street View (GSV) scenes were assessed using the CANVAS virtual audit tool. Eleven trained raters audited the 360° view of each GSV scene for 10 sidewalk-, 10 intersection-, and 11 neighborhood physical disorder-related characteristics. Nested semivariograms and regression Kriging were used to investigate the presence and influence of both large- and small-spatial scale relationships as well as the role of rater variability on audit item spatial properties (measurement error, spatial autocorrelation, prediction accuracy). Receiver Operator Curve (ROC) Area Under the Curve (AUC) based on cross-validated spatial models summarized overall predictive accuracy. Correlations between predicted audit item responses and select demographic, economic, and housing characteristics were investigated. Results Prediction accuracy was better within spatial models of all items accounting for both small-scale and large- spatial scale variation (vs large-scale only), and further improved with additional adjustment for rater in a majority of modeled items. Spatial predictive accuracy was considered ‘Excellent’ (0.8 ≤ ROC AUC < 0.9) for full models of all but four items. Predictive accuracy was highest and improved the most with rater adjustment for neighborhood physical disorder-related items. The largest gains in predictive accuracy comparing large- + small-scale to large-scale only models were among intersection- and sidewalk-items. Predicted responses to neighborhood physical disorder-related items correlated strongly with one another and were also strongly correlated with racial-ethnic composition, socioeconomic indicators, and residential mobility. Conclusions Audits of sidewalk and intersection characteristics exhibit pronounced variability, requiring more spatially dense samples than neighborhood physical disorder audits do for equivalent accuracy. Incorporating rater effects into spatial models improves predictive accuracy especially among neighborhood physical disorder-related items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse J Plascak
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA. .,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Mario Schootman
- Department of Clinical Analytics, SSM Health, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrew G Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Cathleen Xing
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Adana A M Llanos
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Antoinette M Stroup
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,New Jersey Department of Health, New Jersey State Cancer Registry, Trenton, NJ, USA
| | - Stephen J Mooney
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Yakubovich AR, Heron J, Humphreys DK. How do perceived and objective measures of neighbourhood disadvantage vary over time? Results from a prospective-longitudinal study in the UK with implications for longitudinal research on neighbourhood effects on health. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231779. [PMID: 32298364 PMCID: PMC7162465 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Theories of health outcomes often hypothesize that living in more socially and economically disadvantaged neighbourhoods will lead to worse health. Multiple measures of neighbourhood disadvantage are available to researchers, which may serve as better or worse proxies for each other across time. To inform longitudinal study design and interpretation we investigated how perceived and objective measures of neighbourhood disadvantage vary over time and the factors underlying this variation. Methods Data were from 8,918 mothers with at least three time-points of neighbourhood data in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children in the UK. We analyzed measures of objective (Indices of Multiple Deprivation) and perceived (neighbourhood quality, social cohesion, and stress) exposure to neighbourhood disadvantage at 10 time-points over 18 years. We used group-based trajectory modelling to determine the overlap in participants' trajectories on the different measures and evaluated the baseline factors associated with different perceived trajectories over time. Results There was evidence of heterogeneity in both perceived and objective measures of neighbourhood disadvantage over time (e.g., on the objective measure, 5% of participants moved to more deprived neighbourhoods, 11% moved to less deprived neighbourhoods, 20% consistently lived in deprived neighbourhoods, and 64% consistently lived in non-deprived neighbourhoods). Perceived social cohesion showed the weakest relationship with exposure to objective neighbourhood deprivation: most participants in each trajectory group of objective neighbourhood deprivation followed non-corresponding trajectories of perceived social cohesion (61–80%). Accounting for objective deprivation exposure, poorer socioeconomic and psychosocial indicators at baseline were associated with following more negative perceived neighbourhood trajectories (e.g., high neighbourhood stress) over time. Conclusion Trajectories of perceived and objective measures of neighbourhood disadvantage varied over time, with the extent of variation depending on the time point of measurement and individual-level social factors. Researchers should be mindful of this variation when choosing and determining the timing of measures of neighbourhood disadvantage in longitudinal studies and when inferring effect mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa R. Yakubovich
- Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, United Kingdom
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Jon Heron
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, United Kingdom
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, England, United Kingdom
| | - David K. Humphreys
- Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, United Kingdom
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Cerin E, Barnett A, Chaix B, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Caeyenberghs K, Jalaludin B, Sugiyama T, Sallis JF, Lautenschlager NT, Ni MY, Poudel G, Donaire-Gonzalez D, Tham R, Wheeler AJ, Knibbs L, Tian L, Chan YK, Dunstan DW, Carver A, Anstey KJ. International Mind, Activities and Urban Places (iMAP) study: methods of a cohort study on environmental and lifestyle influences on brain and cognitive health. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036607. [PMID: 32193278 PMCID: PMC7202706 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous studies have found associations between characteristics of urban environments and risk factors for dementia and cognitive decline, such as physical inactivity and obesity. However, the contribution of urban environments to brain and cognitive health has been seldom examined directly. This cohort study investigates the extent to which and how a wide range of characteristics of urban environments influence brain and cognitive health via lifestyle behaviours in mid-aged and older adults in three cities across three continents. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Participants aged 50-79 years and living in preselected areas stratified by walkability, air pollution and socioeconomic status are being recruited in Melbourne (Australia), Barcelona (Spain) and Hong Kong (China) (n=1800 total; 600 per site). Two assessments taken 24 months apart will capture changes in brain and cognitive health. Cognitive function is gauged with a battery of eight standardised tests. Brain health is assessed using MRI scans in a subset of participants. Information on participants' visited locations is collected via an interactive web-based mapping application and smartphone geolocation data. Environmental characteristics of visited locations, including the built and natural environments and their by-products (e.g., air pollution), are assessed using geographical information systems, online environmental audits and self-reports. Data on travel and lifestyle behaviours (e.g., physical and social activities) and participants' characteristics (e.g., sociodemographics) are collected using objective and/or self-report measures. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Australian Catholic University, the Institutional Review Board of the University of Hong Kong and the Parc de Salut Mar Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Government of Catalonia. Results will be communicated through standard scientific channels. Methods will be made freely available via a study-dedicated website. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12619000817145.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Inst Health Res, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Anthony Barnett
- Mary MacKillop Inst Health Res, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Basile Chaix
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | | | - Karen Caeyenberghs
- Cognitive Neurosciences Unit, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- Population Health Intelligence, Healthy People and Places Unit, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Takemi Sugiyama
- Mary MacKillop Inst Health Res, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
| | - James F Sallis
- Mary MacKillop Inst Health Res, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Michael Y Ni
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Govinda Poudel
- Mary MacKillop Inst Health Res, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Donaire-Gonzalez
- Mary MacKillop Inst Health Res, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel Tham
- Mary MacKillop Inst Health Res, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amanda J Wheeler
- Mary MacKillop Inst Health Res, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luke Knibbs
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Linwei Tian
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yih-Kai Chan
- Mary MacKillop Inst Health Res, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison Carver
- Mary MacKillop Inst Health Res, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kaarin J Anstey
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute and School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
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Yakubovich AR, Heron J, Feder G, Fraser A, Humphreys DK. Long-term Exposure to Neighborhood Deprivation and Intimate Partner Violence Among Women: A UK Birth Cohort Study. Epidemiology 2020; 31:272-281. [PMID: 31764275 PMCID: PMC7004477 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence is the most common form of violence perpetrated against women. To our knowledge, the effect of neighborhood disadvantage on intimate partner violence against women has never been investigated prospectively outside the United States. METHODS We used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children in the United Kingdom, which followed our target sample, 7,219 women, from birth and their mothers (from pregnancy). At age 21, 2,128 participants self-reported the frequency of experiencing physical, psychological, or sexual intimate partner violence since age 18. Participants' exposure to neighborhood-level deprivation and family-level socioeconomic characteristics (e.g., income) were measured at 10 time points from baseline (gestation) until children were 18 years old. We estimated the effect of cumulative exposure to greater neighborhood-level deprivation on the risk of experiencing intimate partner violence using marginal structural models with stabilized inverse probability weights, accounting for time-varying confounding by socioeconomic indicators and sample attrition. RESULTS A one-unit increase in cumulative exposure to more severe neighborhood deprivation was associated with a 62% increase in participants' frequency of experiencing intimate partner violence (95% confidence interval 11%, 237%) and 36% increase in their risk of experiencing any intimate partner violence (95% confidence interval 1%, 85%). CONCLUSIONS In our study, cumulative exposure to greater neighborhood deprivation over the first 18 years of life was associated with women's increased risk of experiencing intimate partner violence in early adulthood. Future studies should test this association across contexts, including underlying mechanisms, and evaluate preventive strategies that target structural disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa R. Yakubovich
- From the Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jon Heron
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Gene Feder
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Abigail Fraser
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - David K. Humphreys
- From the Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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50
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Chen YC, Dobra A. Measuring human activity spaces from GPS data with density ranking and summary curves. Ann Appl Stat 2020. [DOI: 10.1214/19-aoas1311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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