1
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Molés G, Valdehita A, Connolly M, Navas JM. Involvement of ahr-dependent Cyp1a detoxification activity, oxidative stress and inflammatory regulation in response to graphene oxide exposure in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143005. [PMID: 39121965 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is a very attractive material for use in a vast number of applications. However, before its widespread use, it is important to consider potential issues related to environmental safety to support its safe application. The aim of this study was to investigate effects on fish (rainbow trout) following GO exposure. Using both an in vitro approach with the RTL W1 rainbow trout liver cell line, and in vivo exposures, following OECD TG 203, disturbances at the cellular level as well as in the gills and liver tissue of juvenile trout were assessed. In RTL W1 cells, a time and concentration-dependent loss in cell viability, specifically plasma membrane integrity and lysosomal function, was observed after 96 h of exposure to GO at concentrations ≥18.75 mg/L. Additionally, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were evidenced at concentrations ≥18.75 mg/L, and an enhancement of metabolic activity was noted with concentrations ≥4.68 mg/L. In vivo exposures to GO did not provoke mortality in rainbow trout juveniles following 96 h exposure but led to histological alterations in gills and liver tissues, induction of enzymatic detoxification activities in the liver, as well as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (ahr)-cytochrome P450 1a (cyp1a) gene expression downregulation, and upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines il1b and il8 at GO concentrations ≥9.89 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Molés
- Department of Environment and Agronomy, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Ctra. de La Coruña, km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Valdehita
- Department of Environment and Agronomy, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Ctra. de La Coruña, km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mona Connolly
- Department of Environment and Agronomy, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Ctra. de La Coruña, km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - José María Navas
- Department of Environment and Agronomy, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Ctra. de La Coruña, km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Lin H, Buerki-Thurnherr T, Kaur J, Wick P, Pelin M, Tubaro A, Carniel FC, Tretiach M, Flahaut E, Iglesias D, Vázquez E, Cellot G, Ballerini L, Castagnola V, Benfenati F, Armirotti A, Sallustrau A, Taran F, Keck M, Bussy C, Vranic S, Kostarelos K, Connolly M, Navas JM, Mouchet F, Gauthier L, Baker J, Suarez-Merino B, Kanerva T, Prato M, Fadeel B, Bianco A. Environmental and Health Impacts of Graphene and Other Two-Dimensional Materials: A Graphene Flagship Perspective. ACS NANO 2024; 18:6038-6094. [PMID: 38350010 PMCID: PMC10906101 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted tremendous interest ever since the isolation of atomically thin sheets of graphene in 2004 due to the specific and versatile properties of these materials. However, the increasing production and use of 2D materials necessitate a thorough evaluation of the potential impact on human health and the environment. Furthermore, harmonized test protocols are needed with which to assess the safety of 2D materials. The Graphene Flagship project (2013-2023), funded by the European Commission, addressed the identification of the possible hazard of graphene-based materials as well as emerging 2D materials including transition metal dichalcogenides, hexagonal boron nitride, and others. Additionally, so-called green chemistry approaches were explored to achieve the goal of a safe and sustainable production and use of this fascinating family of nanomaterials. The present review provides a compact survey of the findings and the lessons learned in the Graphene Flagship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Lin
- CNRS,
UPR3572, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, ISIS, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Jasreen Kaur
- Nanosafety
& Nanomedicine Laboratory, Institute
of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 177 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Wick
- Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Marco Pelin
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Aurelia Tubaro
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Tretiach
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT,
Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT,
UPS, 31062 Toulouse CEDEX 9, France
| | - Daniel Iglesias
- Facultad
de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto
Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ester Vázquez
- Facultad
de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto
Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Giada Cellot
- International
School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Ballerini
- International
School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Valentina Castagnola
- Center
for
Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS
Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center
for
Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS
Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Armirotti
- Analytical
Chemistry Facility, Istituto Italiano di
Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Antoine Sallustrau
- Département
Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- Département
Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - Mathilde Keck
- Département
Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - Cyrill Bussy
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester,
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Graphene Institute, Manchester M13 9PT, United
Kingdom
| | - Sandra Vranic
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester,
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Graphene Institute, Manchester M13 9PT, United
Kingdom
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester,
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Graphene Institute, Manchester M13 9PT, United
Kingdom
| | - Mona Connolly
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología
Agraria
y Alimentaria (INIA), CSIC, Carretera de la Coruña Km 7,5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Maria Navas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología
Agraria
y Alimentaria (INIA), CSIC, Carretera de la Coruña Km 7,5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Florence Mouchet
- Laboratoire
Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Laboratoire
Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - James Baker
- TEMAS Solutions GmbH, 5212 Hausen, Switzerland
| | | | - Tomi Kanerva
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00250 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Nanosafety
& Nanomedicine Laboratory, Institute
of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 177 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS,
UPR3572, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, ISIS, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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3
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Keremidarska-Markova M, Sazdova I, Ilieva B, Mishonova M, Shkodrova M, Hristova-Panusheva K, Krasteva N, Chichova M. Comprehensive Assessment of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles: Effects on Liver Enzymes and Cardiovascular System in Animal Models and Skeletal Muscle Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:188. [PMID: 38251152 PMCID: PMC10818754 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The growing interest in graphene oxide (GO) for different biomedical applications requires thoroughly examining its safety. Therefore, there is an urgent need for reliable data on how GO nanoparticles affect healthy cells and organs. In the current work, we adopted a comprehensive approach to assess the influence of GO and its polyethylene glycol-modified form (GO-PEG) under near-infrared (NIR) exposure on several biological aspects. We evaluated the contractility of isolated frog hearts, the activity of two rat liver enzymes-mitochondrial ATPase and diamine oxidase (DAO), and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells following direct exposure to GO nanoparticles. The aim was to study the influence of GO nanoparticles at multiple levels-organ; cellular; and subcellular-to provide a broader understanding of their effects. Our data demonstrated that GO and GO-PEG negatively affect heart contractility in frogs, inducing stronger arrhythmic contractions. They increased ROS production in C2C12 myoblasts, whose effects diminished after NIR irradiation. Both nanoparticles in the rat liver significantly stimulated DAO activity, with amplification of this effect after NIR irradiation. GO did not uncouple intact rat liver mitochondria but caused a concentration-dependent decline in ATPase activity in freeze/thaw mitochondria. This multifaceted investigation provides crucial insights into GOs potential for diverse implications in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Keremidarska-Markova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.K.-M.); (I.S.); (B.I.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Iliyana Sazdova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.K.-M.); (I.S.); (B.I.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Bilyana Ilieva
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.K.-M.); (I.S.); (B.I.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Milena Mishonova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.K.-M.); (I.S.); (B.I.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Milena Shkodrova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.K.-M.); (I.S.); (B.I.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Kamelia Hristova-Panusheva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Natalia Krasteva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Mariela Chichova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.K.-M.); (I.S.); (B.I.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
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4
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Valdehita A, Fernández-Cruz ML, Navas JM. The Potentiating Effect of Graphene Oxide on the Arylhydrocarbon Receptor (AhR)-Cytochrome P4501A (Cyp1A) System Activated by Benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF) in Rainbow Trout Cell Line. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2501. [PMID: 37764529 PMCID: PMC10534689 DOI: 10.3390/nano13182501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of graphene oxide (GO) will result in its release into the environment; therefore, it is essential to determine its final fate and possible metabolism by organisms. The objective of this study was to assess the possible role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent cytochrome P4501A (Cyp1A) detoxification activities on the catabolism of GO. Our hypothesis is that GO cannot initially interact with the AhR, but that after an initial degradation caused by other mechanisms, small fractions of GO could activate the AhR, inducing Cyp1A. The environmental pollutant benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF) was used for the initial activation of the AhR in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cell line RTL-W1. Pre-, co-, and post-exposure experiments with GO were performed and Cyp1A induction was monitored. The strong stimulation of Cyp1A observed in cells after exposure to GO, when BkF levels were not detected in the system, suggests a direct action of GO. The role of the AhR was confirmed by a blockage of the observed effects in co-treatment experiments with αNF (an AhR antagonist). These results suggest a possible role for the AhR and Cyp1A system in the cellular metabolism of GO and that GO could modulate the toxicity of environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José M. Navas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), CSIC, Carretera de la Coruña Km 7,5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.V.); (M.L.F.-C.)
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5
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Misra SK, Pandey H, Patil S, Virmani T, Virmani R, Kumar G, Alhalmi A, Noman OM, Alshahrani SS, Mothana RA. Graphene Scaffolds: A Striking Approach to Combat Dermatophytosis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2305. [PMID: 37630890 PMCID: PMC10458241 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Exclusive physicochemical and biological properties of carbon allotrope graphene have attracted the peer attention of researchers for the synthesis and development of newer topical remedies including films, scaffolds, microspheres, and hydrogels. Here, graphene nanoplatelets (GN) were embedded into a different ratio of polymeric ERL100/ERS100 solution and fabricated in the form of a scaffold through the electrospinning process. FTIR spectra displayed characteristic similar peaks present both in GN and GN-loaded scaffold owing to the compatibility of GN and polymeric mixture. XRD curve revealed a distinct GN peak at nearly 26° whereas from DSC/TGA thermal stability was observed between polymers and graphene nanoplatelets. FESEM images showed ultrathin architecture of GN-loaded scaffold in a range of 280 ± 90 nm. The fabricated scaffold exhibited hydrophilicity (contact angle 48.8 ± 2.8°) and desirable swelling index (646% in skin pH media) which were desired criteria for the scaffold for topical application. In vitro, antifungal activity was conducted through the broth microdilution method against different virulent dermatophytes i.e., Microsporum gypseum, M. canis, M. fulvum, and Trychophyton rubrum. For in vivo evaluation, T. rubrum inoculum was applied on the dorsal surface of each group of Swiss albino mice, and the degree and intensity of mycelial growth or erythema on skin surfaces was visually investigated. The study depicted complete signs of cure after 14 days of application of G3-loaded scaffold on the infected dorsal site. Hence graphene-loaded scaffold represented a possible alternative for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by dermatophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kiran Misra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of pharmacy, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur 208024, India
| | - Himanshu Pandey
- Center for Teacher Education, Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies, Sarnath, Varanasi 221007, India;
| | - Sandip Patil
- E-Spin NanoTech Private Ltd., SIDBI Innovation & Incubation Center, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India;
| | - Tarun Virmani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Modern Vidya Niketan University, Palwal 121105, India; (R.V.); (G.K.)
| | - Reshu Virmani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Modern Vidya Niketan University, Palwal 121105, India; (R.V.); (G.K.)
| | - Girish Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Modern Vidya Niketan University, Palwal 121105, India; (R.V.); (G.K.)
| | - Abdulsalam Alhalmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Omar M. Noman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Saad S. Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Ramzi A. Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.); (R.A.M.)
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6
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Martin-Folgar R, Esteban-Arranz A, Negri V, Morales M. Graphene Oxides (GOs) with Different Lateral Dimensions and Thicknesses Affect the Molecular Response in Chironomus riparius. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:967. [PMID: 36985861 PMCID: PMC10057717 DOI: 10.3390/nano13060967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) materials possess physicochemical properties that facilitate their application in the industrial and medical sectors. The use of graphene may pose a threat to biota, especially aquatic life. In addition, the properties of nanomaterials can differentially affect cell and molecular responses. Therefore, it is essential to study and define the possible genotoxicity of GO materials to aquatic organisms and their ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the changes in the expression of 11 genes in the aquatic organism Chironomus riparius after 96 h of exposure to small GOs (sGO), large GOs (lGO) and monolayer GOs (mlGO) at 50, 500 and 3000 μg/L. Results showed that the different genes encoding heat shock proteins (hsp90, hsp70 and hsp27) were overexpressed after exposure to these nanomaterials. In addition, ATM and NLK-the genes involved in DNA repair mechanisms-were altered at the transcriptional level. DECAY, an apoptotic caspase, was only activated by larger size GO materials, mlGO and lGO. Finally, the gene encoding manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) showed higher expression in the mlG O-treated larvae. The lGO and mlGO treatments indicated high mRNA levels of a developmental gene (FKBP39) and an endocrine pathway-related gene (DRONC). These two genes were only activated by the larger GO materials. The results indicate that larger and thicker GO nanomaterials alter the transcription of genes involved in cellular stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, endocrine and development in C. riparius. This shows that various cellular processes are modified and affected, providing some of the first evidence for the action mechanisms of GOs in invertebrates. In short, the alterations produced by graphene materials should be further studied to evaluate their effect on the biota to show a more realistic scenario of what is happening at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Martin-Folgar
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Urbanización Monte Rozas, Avda. Esparta s/n, Crta. de Las Rozas al Escorial Km 5, 28232 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Esteban-Arranz
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Viviana Negri
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Europea de Madrid (UEM), C/Tajo, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Morales
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Urbanización Monte Rozas, Avda. Esparta s/n, Crta. de Las Rozas al Escorial Km 5, 28232 Madrid, Spain
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7
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Saeed SI, Vivian L, Zalati CWSCW, Sani NIM, Aklilu E, Mohamad M, Noor AAM, Muthoosamy K, Kamaruzzaman NF. Antimicrobial activities of graphene oxide against biofilm and intracellular Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:10. [PMID: 36641476 PMCID: PMC9840331 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03560-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND S. aureus is one of the causative agents of bovine mastitis. The treatment using conventional antimicrobials has been hampered due to the development of antimicrobial resistance and the ability of the bacteria to form biofilms and localize inside the host cells. OBJECTIVES Here, the efficacy of graphene oxide (GO), a carbon-based nanomaterial, was tested against the biofilms and intracellular S. aureus invitro. Following that, the mechanism for the intracellular antimicrobial activities and GO toxicities was elucidated. METHODS GO antibiofilm properties were evaluated based on the disruption of biofilm structure, and the intracellular antimicrobial activities were determined by the survival of S. aureus in infected bovine mammary cells following GO exposure. The mechanism for GO intracellular antimicrobial activities was investigated using endocytosis inhibitors. GO toxicity towards the host cells was assessed using a resazurin assay. RESULTS At 100 ug/mL, GO reduced between 30 and 70% of S. aureus biofilm mass, suggesting GO's ability to disrupt the biofilm structure. At 200 ug/mL, GO killed almost 80% of intracellular S. aureus, and the antimicrobial activities were inhibited when cells were pre-treated with cytochalasin D, suggesting GO intracellular antimicrobial activities were dependent on the actin-polymerization of the cell membrane. At < 250 ug/mL, GO enhanced the viability of the Mac-T cell, and cells were only affected at higher dosages. CONCLUSION The in vitro efficacy of GO against S. aureus in vitro suggested the compound could be further tested in Vivo to zrecognize its potential as one of the components of bovine mastitis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsaldeen Ibrahim Saeed
- grid.444465.30000 0004 1757 0587Nanotechnology in Veterinary Medicine (NanoVet) Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan 16100 Pengkalan Chepa, Malaysia ,grid.442411.60000 0004 0447 7033Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Nyala, PO Box 155, Nyala, South Darfur State Sudan
| | - Liang Vivian
- grid.444465.30000 0004 1757 0587Nanotechnology in Veterinary Medicine (NanoVet) Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan 16100 Pengkalan Chepa, Malaysia
| | - C. W. Salma C. W. Zalati
- grid.444465.30000 0004 1757 0587Nanotechnology in Veterinary Medicine (NanoVet) Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan 16100 Pengkalan Chepa, Malaysia
| | - Nani Izreen Mohd Sani
- grid.444465.30000 0004 1757 0587Nanotechnology in Veterinary Medicine (NanoVet) Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan 16100 Pengkalan Chepa, Malaysia
| | - Erkihun Aklilu
- grid.444465.30000 0004 1757 0587Nanotechnology in Veterinary Medicine (NanoVet) Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan 16100 Pengkalan Chepa, Malaysia
| | - Maizan Mohamad
- grid.444465.30000 0004 1757 0587Nanotechnology in Veterinary Medicine (NanoVet) Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan 16100 Pengkalan Chepa, Malaysia
| | - An’ Amt Mohamed Noor
- grid.444465.30000 0004 1757 0587Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17700 Jeli, Malaysia
| | - Kasturi Muthoosamy
- grid.440435.20000 0004 1802 0472Nanotechnology Research Group, Centre of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Nor Fadhilah Kamaruzzaman
- grid.444465.30000 0004 1757 0587Nanotechnology in Veterinary Medicine (NanoVet) Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Malaysia Kelantan, Kelantan 16100 Pengkalan Chepa, Malaysia
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8
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Connolly M, Moles G, Carniel FC, Tretiach M, Caorsi G, Flahaut E, Soula B, Pinelli E, Gauthier L, Mouchet F, Navas JM. Applicability of OECD TG 201, 202, 203 for the aquatic toxicity testing and assessment of 2D Graphene material nanoforms to meet regulatory needs. NANOIMPACT 2023; 29:100447. [PMID: 36563784 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2022.100447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tests using algae and/or cyanobacteria, invertebrates (crustaceans) and fish form the basic elements of an ecotoxicological assessment in a number of regulations, in particular for classification of a substance as hazardous or not to the aquatic environment according to the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS-CLP) (GHS, 2022) and the REACH regulation (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals, EC, 2006). Standardised test guidelines (TGs) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) are available to address the regulatory relevant endpoints of growth inhibition in algae and cyanobacteria (TG 201), acute toxicity to invertebrates (TG 202), and acute toxicity in fish (TG 203). Applying these existing OECD TGs for testing two dimensional (2D) graphene nanoforms may require more attention, additional considerations and/or adaptations of the protocols, because graphene materials are often problematic to test due to their unique attributes. In this review a critical analysis of all existing studies and approaches to testing used has been performed in order to comment on the current state of the science on testing and the overall ecotoxicity of 2D graphene materials. Focusing on the specific tests and available guidance's, a complete evaluation of aquatic toxicity testing for hazard classification of 2D graphene materials, as well as the use of alternative tests in an integrated approach to testing and assessment, has been made. This information is essential to ensure future assessments generate meaningful data that will fulfil regulatory requirements for the safe use of this "wonder" material.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Connolly
- INIA-CSIC, Department of Environment and Agronomy, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ctra. de La Coruña, km 7, 5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - G Moles
- INIA-CSIC, Department of Environment and Agronomy, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ctra. de La Coruña, km 7, 5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F Candotto Carniel
- UNITS, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - M Tretiach
- UNITS, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 10, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - G Caorsi
- UNITS, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 10, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - E Flahaut
- CNRS CIRIMAT/ECOLAB, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie en Matériaux (CIRIMAT)/Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, 16 Av Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - B Soula
- CNRS CIRIMAT/ECOLAB, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie en Matériaux (CIRIMAT)/Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, 16 Av Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - E Pinelli
- CNRS CIRIMAT/ECOLAB, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie en Matériaux (CIRIMAT)/Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, 16 Av Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - L Gauthier
- CNRS CIRIMAT/ECOLAB, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie en Matériaux (CIRIMAT)/Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, 16 Av Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - F Mouchet
- CNRS CIRIMAT/ECOLAB, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie en Matériaux (CIRIMAT)/Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, 16 Av Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - J M Navas
- INIA-CSIC, Department of Environment and Agronomy, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ctra. de La Coruña, km 7, 5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Shamsi S, Abdul Ghafor AAH, Norjoshukrudin NH, Ng IMJ, Abdullah SNS, Sarchio SNE, Md Yasin F, Abd Gani S, Mohd Desa MN. Stability, Toxicity, and Antibacterial Potential of Gallic Acid-Loaded Graphene Oxide (GAGO) Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Strains. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:5781-5807. [PMCID: PMC9719714 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s369373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The impetuous usage of antibiotics has led to the perpetual rise of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which has garnered the interest of potential drug alternatives, including nanomaterials. Purpose The present study investigates the stability, toxicity, and antibacterial potential of gallic acid-loaded graphene oxide (GAGO) on several MRSA strains. Methods The stability of a synthesized and characterized GAGO was monitored in different physiological media. The toxicity profile of GAGO was evaluated in 3T3 murine fibroblast cells and the embryonic zebrafish model. The antibacterial activity of GAGO against MRSA, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), and community-acquired MRSA; with or without Panton-valentine leucocidin gene (MRSA-pvl+ and MRSA-pvl-) was investigated through disk diffusion, CFU counting method, time-kill experiment, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) observation. Results A stable GAGO nanocomposite has shown an improved toxicity profile in 3T3 murine fibroblast cells and zebrafish embryos, besides exhibiting normal ROS levels than graphene oxide (GO) and GA (gallic acid). The nanocomposite inhibited the growth of all bacterial strains employed. The effectiveness of the GAGO nanocomposite was comparable to cefoxitin (CFX), at ≥150 µg/mL in MRSA and MSSA. GAGO exhibited a significantly delayed response towards MRSA-pvl+ and MRSA-pvl-, with increased inhibition following 8 to 24 h of exposure, while comparable activity to native GA was only achieved at 24 h. Meanwhile, for MRSA and MSSA, GAGO had a comparable activity with native GA and GO as early as 2 h of exposure. HRTEM observation further reveals that GAGO-exposed cells were membrane compromised. Conclusion In summary, the present study indicates the antibacterial potential of GAGO against MRSA strains, but further study is warranted to understand the mechanism of action of GAGO and its resistance in MRSA strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhaili Shamsi
- Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia,Correspondence: Suhaili Shamsi, Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia, Tel +603-9769 7964, Fax +603-9769 7590, Email
| | - Ahmad Ashraful Hadi Abdul Ghafor
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Nur Hazwani Norjoshukrudin
- Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Ida May Jen Ng
- Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nur Sharmila Abdullah
- Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Seri Narti Edayu Sarchio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Faizah Md Yasin
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ION2), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Shafinaz Abd Gani
- Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
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10
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Pikula K, Johari SA, Golokhvast K. Colloidal Behavior and Biodegradation of Engineered Carbon-Based Nanomaterials in Aquatic Environment. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4149. [PMID: 36500771 PMCID: PMC9737966 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) have attracted a growing interest over the last decades. They have become a material commonly used in industry, consumer products, water purification, and medicine. Despite this, the safety and toxic properties of different types of CNMs are still debatable. Multiple studies in recent years highlight the toxicity of CNMs in relation to aquatic organisms, including bacteria, microalgae, bivalves, sea urchins, and other species. However, the aspects that have significant influence on the toxic properties of CNMs in the aquatic environment are often not considered in research works and require further study. In this work, we summarized the current knowledge of colloidal behavior, transformation, and biodegradation of different types of CNMs, including graphene and graphene-related materials, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, and carbon quantum dots. The other part of this work represents an overview of the known mechanisms of CNMs' biodegradation and discusses current research works relating to the biodegradation of CNMs in aquatic species. The knowledge about the biodegradation of nanomaterials will facilitate the development of the principals of "biodegradable-by-design" nanoparticles which have promising application in medicine as nano-carriers and represent lower toxicity and risks for living species and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Pikula
- Polytechnical Institute, Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
| | - Seyed Ali Johari
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Pasdaran St., Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran
| | - Kirill Golokhvast
- Polytechnical Institute, Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
- Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agrobiotechnology, Centralnaya, Presidium, Krasnoobsk 633501, Russia
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11
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Badetti E, Brunelli A, Faraggiana E, Kalman J, Bettiol C, Izzo FC, Navas JM, Marcomini A. Cytotoxicity inhibition of catechol's type molecules by grafting on TiO 2 and Fe 2O 3 nanoparticles surface. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 251:106291. [PMID: 36099779 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The potential toxicity deriving from the interaction between chemicals and manufactured nanoparticles (NPs) represents an emerging threat to the environment and human health. Several studies have focused on the risks and (eco)toxicity of manufactured NPs as a consequence of their extensive use in recent years, however, there is still a limited understanding of the combined effects caused by manufactured NPs in the presence of other environmental contaminants. This is particularly relevant to aquatic environments, where many types of pollutants are inevitably released and can be involved in many kinds of reactions. In this context, the interaction between catecholate type ligands and two different nanomaterials, namely TiO2 and Fe2O3 NPs, was investigated by performing cytotoxicity assays with the topminnow fish hepatoma cell line (PLHC-1) using: i) the original organic molecules, ii) pristine NPs alone, and iii) modified NPs obtained by grafting the ligands on the NPs surface. Cytotoxic effects were explored at three different levels, specifically on cellular metabolism, membrane integrity and lysosomal activity. The outcomes from these assays showed cytotoxicity only for the free catechol type ligands, while in general no significant decrease in cell viability was observed for pristine NPs, as well as for the modified NPs, regardless the initial cytotoxicity level of the organic ligands These results suggest that the binding of catechols on the NPs' surface inhibited their cytotoxicity, indicating that TiO2 and Fe2O3 NPs may act as sorbents of these contaminants, thus reducing their possible detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Badetti
- DAIS - Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy.
| | - Andrea Brunelli
- DAIS - Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - Eleonora Faraggiana
- DAIS - Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - Judit Kalman
- INIA - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Crta. de la Coruña, km 7, 5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cinzia Bettiol
- DAIS - Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - Francesca Caterina Izzo
- DAIS - Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - José Maria Navas
- INIA - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Crta. de la Coruña, km 7, 5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Marcomini
- DAIS - Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
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12
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Martin N, Wassmur B, Slomberg D, Labille J, Lammel T. Influence of TiO 2 nanocomposite UV filter surface chemistry and their interactions with organic UV filters on uptake and toxicity toward cultured fish gill cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 243:113984. [PMID: 35988383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic environments have been found to be contaminated with a variety of inorganic and organic UV filters. This includes novel nano-sized titanium dioxide (TiO2) composite particles, which have been increasingly developed and incorporated into commercial sunscreens in recent years. So far, relatively little is known about the effects of this novel class of UV filters on aquatic life. Therefore, this study aimed to determine and compare the toxicity of three such nanoparticulate TiO2 UV filters with different surface coatings, namely Eusolex® T-Avo (SiO2-coated), T-Lite™ SF (Al(OH)3/PDMS-coated), and Eusolex® T-S (Al2O3/stearic acid-coated) either alone, or in the presence of selected organic UV filters (octinoxate, avobenzone, octocrylene), toward fish using RTgill-W1 cell cultures as an in vitro experimental model. Besides standard exposure protocols, alternative approaches (i.e., exposure to water accommodated fractions (WAFs), hanging-drop exposure) were explored to account for nanoparticle (NP)-specific fate in the medium and obtain additional/complementary information on their toxicity in different conditions. The AlamarBlue, CFDA-AM and Neutral Red Retention (NR) assays were used to measure effects on different cellular endpoints. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine NP uptake. Our results showed that none of the TiO2 NP UV filters were cytotoxic at the concentrations tested (0.1-10 µg/mL; 24 h) but there were differences in their uptake by the cells. Thus, only the hydrophilic T-AVO was detected inside cells, but the hydrophobic T-Lite SF and T-S were not. In addition, our results show that the presence of NPs (or the used dispersant) tended to decrease organic UV filter toxicity. The level of combination effect depended on both NP-type (surface chemistry) and concentration, suggesting that the reduced toxicity resulted from reduced availability of the organic UV filters due to their adsorption to the NP surface. Thus, mixtures of TiO2 NP UV filters and organic UV filters may have a different toxicological profile compared to the single substances, but probably do not pose an increased hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Martin
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Britt Wassmur
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Danielle Slomberg
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRAe, Coll. France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Jérôme Labille
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRAe, Coll. France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Tobias Lammel
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
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13
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Bi C, Junaid M, Liu Y, Guo W, Jiang X, Pan B, Li Z, Xu N. Graphene oxide chronic exposure enhanced perfluorooctane sulfonate mediated toxicity through oxidative stress generation in freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 297:134242. [PMID: 35259357 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO), a frequently utilized graphene family nanomaterial, is inevitably released into the aquatic environment and interacts with organic pollutants, including perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), a well-known persistent organic pollutant. To determine the adverse effects of GO chronic exposure on PFOS bioaccumulation and toxicity, adult freshwater bivalves, namely Asian clams (Corbicula fluminea) were treated for 28 days with PFOS (500 ng/L) and different concentrations of GO (0.2, 1, 5 mg/L) as PFOS single and GO single exposure groups, as well as PFOS-GO mixture exposure groups. Our results demonstrated that the bioaccumulation of PFOS was significantly enhanced by co-exposure in gills and visceral masses, which was 1.64-2.91 times higher in gills than in visceral masses. Both single, as well as co-exposure, caused a significant reduction in clams' siphoning behavior, compared to the controls. Further, the co-exposure significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), exacerbating malondialdehyde (MDA) content, enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), while decreasing glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymatic activities in clam tissues. And co-exposure significantly altered the expressions of se-gpx, sod, cyp30, hsp40, and hsp22 genes (associated with oxidative stress and xenobiotic metabolism) both in gills and visceral masses. Moreover, co-exposure caused significant histopathological changes such as cilia degradation in the gills, expansion of tubule lumens in digestive glands, and oocyte shrinkage in gonads. Finally, the enhanced integrated biomarker response (EIBR) index revealed that co-exposure to 500 ng/L PFOS + 1 mg/L/5 mg/L GO was the most stressful circumstance. Overall, our findings suggested that the presence of GO increased PFOS bioaccumulation in tissues, inducing multifaceted negative implications at molecular and behavioral levels through oxidative stress generation in Asian clams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Bi
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenjing Guo
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xilin Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Baozhu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengguoshen Li
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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14
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Pires A, Figueira E, Silva MSS, Sá C, Marques PAAP. Effects of graphene oxide nanosheets in the polychaete Hediste diversicolor: Behavioural, physiological and biochemical responses. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 299:118869. [PMID: 35063544 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Numerous applications exist for graphene-based materials, such as graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets. Increased concentrations of GO nanosheets in the environment have the potential to have a large negative effect on the aquatic environment, with consequences for benthic organisms, such as polychaetes. The polychaete Hediste diversicolor mobilises the sediments, hence altering the availability of contaminants and the nutrients biogeochemical cycle. As such, this study proposes to assess the effects of different GO nanosheet concentrations on the behaviour, feeding activity, mucus production, regenerative capacity, antioxidant status, biochemical damage and metabolism of H. diversicolor. This study evidenced that H. diversicolor exposed to GO nanosheets had a significantly lower ability to regenerate their bodies, took longer to feed and burrow into the sediment and produced more mucus. Membrane oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation) increased in exposed specimens. The increased metabolic rate (ETS) evidenced a higher energy expenditure in exposed organisms (high use of ready energy sources - soluble sugars) to fight the toxicity induced by GO nanosheets, such as SOD activity. The increase in SOD activity was enough to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by GO on cytosol at the lowest concentrations, avoiding the damage on proteins (lower PC levels), but not on membranes (LPO increase). This study revealed that the presence of GO nanosheets, even at the lower levels tested, impaired behavioural, physiological, and biochemical traits in polychaetes, suggesting that the increase of this engineered nanomaterial in the environment can disturb these benthic organisms, affecting the H. diversicolor population. Moreover, given the important role of this group of organisms in coastal and estuarine food webs, the biogeochemical cycle of nutrients, and sediment oxygenation, there is a real possibility for repercussions into the estuarine community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adília Pires
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M S S Silva
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carina Sá
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paula A A P Marques
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA) & Department of Mechanics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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15
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Kalman J, Torrent F, Navas JM. Cytotoxicity of three graphene-related materials in rainbow trout primary hepatocytes is not associated to cellular internalization. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 231:113227. [PMID: 35077996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a consequence of increasing production and use of graphene-related materials (GRM), their release into the aquatic environment is likely to be expected. Development of appropriate model systems to assess their potential toxicity toward aquatic organisms is undoubtedly needed. Of particular relevance are primary cultures of fish hepatocytes, since they maintain similar functionalities as those of the original tissue. Isolated hepatocytes from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to ranges of concentrations of different forms of GRM, two graphene oxides (GO) of sheet-like structure and one tubular-shaped carbon nanofiber (CNF) in the presence or absence of fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 24 and 72 h. Metabolic activity, cell membrane integrity, lysosomal function, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and interaction with cytochrome P450 1 A enzyme were assessed by using AlamarBlue, 5-carboxyfluorescein diacetate-acetoxymethyl ester, neutral red uptake, dichlorofluorescein and 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assays, respectively. In the presence of FBS, GO affected metabolic activity and cell membrane integrity more than CNF, whilst absence of serum further reduced cell viability in GRM-exposed cells. GRM did not alter lysosomal function nor did it induce ROS formation or EROD activity. Intracellular uptake was observed only in the case of CNF when incubated without FBS. Primary hepatocytes from rainbow trout appear to be a suitable model to screen for cytotoxicity and to reveal any interaction with GRM. Results emphasize the role of serum proteins in the toxicological responses following exposure to GRM with important implications for the environmental risk assessment of these nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Kalman
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Ctra. de la Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Fernando Torrent
- ETS Ingenieros de Montes, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Navas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Ctra. de la Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Ibarra D, Martín-Sampedro R, Wicklein B, Borrero-López AM, Valencia C, Valdehíta A, Navas JM, Eugenio ME. Populus alba L., an Autochthonous Species of Spain: A Source for Cellulose Nanofibers by Chemical Pretreatment. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:polym14010068. [PMID: 35012091 PMCID: PMC8747510 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to identify new sustainable sources for producing cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), fast-growing poplar (Populus alba L.) wood was evaluated herein. For that purpose, bleached poplar kraft pulp was produced and submitted to TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical) mediated oxidation (TEMPO-ox) chemical pretreatment followed by microfluidization. The resulting CNFs were thoroughly characterized, including a rheological study at different pH values. Poplar CNFs showed properties comparable to eucalypt CNFs (reference material for CNFs production), showing high carboxylate content (1048 ± 128 µmol g−1), fibrillation yield (87.3% ± 8.1%), optical transmittance (83% at 700 nm) and thermal stability (up to more than 200 °C). Regarding the rheological study, whereas pH from 4 to 10 did not produce significant changes in rheological behavior, a reduction of pH down to 1 led to an order-of-magnitude increase on the viscoelastic functions. Therefore, poplar CNF shows potential in the pH-sensitive hydrogels application field. Finally, the possible ecotoxicity of poplar CNF was assessed. The decrease in cell viability was very low so that only concentrations causing a 10% cytotoxicity could be calculated for the assay detecting alterations in cell metabolism (10 µg mL−1) and plasma membrane integrity (60 µg mL−1).
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ibarra
- Forest Research Center (INIA, CSIC), Ctra. de la Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.I.); (R.M.-S.)
| | - Raquel Martín-Sampedro
- Forest Research Center (INIA, CSIC), Ctra. de la Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.I.); (R.M.-S.)
| | - Bernd Wicklein
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Antonio M. Borrero-López
- Pro2TecS—Chemical Process and Product Technology Research Centre, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, ETSI, Campus de “El Carmen”, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; (A.M.B.-L.); (C.V.)
| | - Concepción Valencia
- Pro2TecS—Chemical Process and Product Technology Research Centre, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, ETSI, Campus de “El Carmen”, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; (A.M.B.-L.); (C.V.)
| | - Ana Valdehíta
- Environment and Agronomy Department (INIA, CSIC), Ctra. de la Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.V.); (J.M.N.)
| | - José M. Navas
- Environment and Agronomy Department (INIA, CSIC), Ctra. de la Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.V.); (J.M.N.)
| | - María E. Eugenio
- Forest Research Center (INIA, CSIC), Ctra. de la Coruña Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.I.); (R.M.-S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-913473948
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17
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Fernández-Hernán JP, López AJ, Torres B, Martínez-Campos E, Matykina E, Rams J. Anticorrosion and Cytocompatibility Assessment of Graphene-Doped Hybrid Silica and Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings for Biomedical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:5861-5877. [PMID: 34748311 PMCID: PMC8939847 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Magnesium AZ31 alloy substrates were
coated with different coatings,
including sol–gel silica-reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets,
sol–gel silica, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), and combinations
of them, to improve cytocompatibility and control the corrosion rate.
Electrochemical corrosion tests, as well as hydrogen evolution tests,
were carried out using Hanks’ solution as the electrolyte to
assess the anticorrosion behavior of the different coating systems
in a simulated body fluid. Preliminary cytocompatibility assessment
of the different coating systems was carried out by measuring the
metabolic activity, deoxyribonucleic acid quantification, and the
cell growth of premyoblastic C2C12-GFP cell cultures on the surface
of the different coating systems. Anticorrosion behavior and cytocompatibility
were improved with the application of the different coating systems.
The use of combined PEO + SG and PEO + SG/GNP coatings significantly
decreased the degradation of the specimens. The monolayer sol–gel
coatings, with and without GNPs, presented the best cytocompatibility
improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Fernández-Hernán
- Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales y Tecnología Electrónica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Antonio J López
- Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales y Tecnología Electrónica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Belén Torres
- Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales y Tecnología Electrónica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Enrique Martínez-Campos
- Instituto de estudios biofuncionales, ICTP-CSIC, Universidad Complutense, Paseo Juan XXIII No 1, 28045 Madrid, Spain
| | - Endzhe Matykina
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Rams
- Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales y Tecnología Electrónica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
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18
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Jiang T, Lin Y, Amadei CA, Gou N, Rahman SM, Lan J, Vecitis CD, Gu AZ. Comparative and mechanistic toxicity assessment of structure-dependent toxicity of carbon-based nanomaterials. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 418:126282. [PMID: 34111749 PMCID: PMC10631494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The wide application of carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) has resulted in the ubiquity of CNMs in the natural environment and they potentially impose adverse consequences on ecosystems and human health. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated and compared potential toxicological effects and mechanisms of seven CNMs in three representative types (carbon blacks, graphene nanoplatelets, and fullerenes), to elucidate the correlation between their physicochemical/structural properties and toxicity. We employed a recently-developed quantitative toxicogenomics-based toxicity testing system with GFP-fused yeast reporter library targeting main cellular stress response pathways, as well as conventional phenotype-based bioassays. The results revealed that DNA damage, oxidative stress, and protein stress were the major mechanisms of action for all the CNMs at sub-cytotoxic concentration levels. The molecular toxicity nature were concentration-dependent, and they exhibited both similarity within the same structural group and distinctiveness among different CNMs, evidencing the structure-driven toxicity of CNMs. The toxic potential based on toxicogenomics molecular endpoints revealed the remarkable impact of size and structure on the toxicity. Furthermore, the phenotypic endpoints derived from conventional phenotype-based bioassays correlated with quantitative molecular endpoints derived from the toxicogenomics assay, suggesting that the selected protein biomarkers captured the main cellular effects that are associated with phenotypic adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Yishan Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Carlo Alberto Amadei
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - Na Gou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, 220 Hollister Dr., Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Sheikh Mokhlesur Rahman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Civil Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, BUET Central Road, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Jiaqi Lan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chad D Vecitis
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - April Z Gu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, 220 Hollister Dr., Ithaca, NY 14853, United States.
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Kang Y, Liu J, Jiang Y, Yin S, Huang Z, Zhang Y, Wu J, Chen L, Shao L. Understanding the interactions between inorganic-based nanomaterials and biological membranes. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 175:113820. [PMID: 34087327 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between inorganic-based nanomaterials (NMs) and biological membranes are among the most important phenomena for developing NM-based therapeutics and resolving nanotoxicology. Herein, we introduce the structural and functional effects of inorganic-based NMs on biological membranes, mainly the plasma membrane and the endomembrane system, with an emphasis on the interface, which involves highly complex networks between NMs and biomolecules (such as membrane proteins and lipids). Significant efforts have been devoted to categorizing and analyzing the interaction mechanisms in terms of the physicochemical characteristics and biological effects of NMs, which can directly or indirectly influence the effects of NMs on membranes. Importantly, we summarize that the biological membranes act as platforms and thereby mediate NMs-immune system contacts. In this overview, the existing challenges and potential applications in the areas are addressed. A strong understanding of the discussed concepts will promote therapeutic NM designs for drug delivery systems by leveraging the NMs-membrane interactions and their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Kang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Suhan Yin
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhendong Huang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Junrong Wu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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20
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Martínez-Álvarez I, Le Menach K, Devier MH, Barbarin I, Tomovska R, Cajaraville MP, Budzinski H, Orbea A. Uptake and effects of graphene oxide nanomaterials alone and in combination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 775:145669. [PMID: 33618313 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Because of its surface characteristics, once in the aquatic environment, graphene could act as a carrier of pollutants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), to aquatic organisms. In this study we aimed to (1) assess the capacity of graphene oxide (GO) to sorb PAHs and (2) to evaluate the toxicity of GO alone and in combination with PAHs on zebrafish embryos and adults. GO showed a high sorption capacity for benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) (98% of B(a)P sorbed from a nominal concentration of 100 μg/L) and for other PAHs of the water accommodated fraction (WAF) of a naphthenic North Sea crude oil, depending on their log Kow (95.7% of phenanthrene, 84.4% of fluorene and 51.5% of acenaphthene). In embryos exposed to different GO nanomaterials alone and with PAHs, no significant mortality was recorded for any treatment. Nevertheless, malformation rate increased significantly in embryos exposed to the highest concentrations (5 or 10 mg/L) of GO and reduced GO (rGO) alone and with sorbed B(a)P (GO-B(a)P). On the other hand, adults were exposed for 21 days to 2 mg/L of GO, GO-B(a)P and GO co-exposed with WAF (GO + WAF) and to 100 μg/L B(a)P. Fish exposed to GO presented GO in the intestine lumen and liver vacuolisation. Transcription level of genes related to cell cycle regulation and oxidative stress was not altered, but the slight up-regulation of cyp1a measured in fish exposed to B(a)P for 3 days resulted in a significantly increased EROD activity. Fish exposed to GO-B(a)P and to B(a)P for 3 days and to GO + WAF for 21 days showed significantly higher catalase activity in the gills than control fish. Significantly lower acetylcholinesterase activity, indicating neurotoxic effects, was also observed in all fish treated for 21 days. Results demonstrated the capacity of GO to carry PAHs and to exert sublethal effects in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Martínez-Álvarez
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC-LPTC, UMR 5805 CNRS, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France; CBET research group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PiE and Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Karyn Le Menach
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC-LPTC, UMR 5805 CNRS, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Devier
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC-LPTC, UMR 5805 CNRS, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Iranzu Barbarin
- POLYMAT and University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center - Avda. Tolosa, 72, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Radmila Tomovska
- POLYMAT and University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center - Avda. Tolosa, 72, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation of Science, Plaza Euskadi, 5, Bilbao 48009, Spain
| | - Miren P Cajaraville
- CBET research group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PiE and Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC-LPTC, UMR 5805 CNRS, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Amaia Orbea
- CBET research group, Dept. of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PiE and Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena z/g, E-48940 Leioa, Basque Country, Spain.
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21
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Ženata O, Panáček A, Kvítek L, Vrzal R. The impact of graphene oxide on androgen receptor signalling in prostate cancer cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 269:128759. [PMID: 33153849 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) signalling is triggered by androgens that have lipophilic nature. Since it was indicated that graphene oxide (GO) might facilitate passive diffusion of lipophilic compounds probably via Trojan horse-like mechanism, we tested the hypothesis if this suggestion would apply for androgens as well. Thus, we investigated if GO affects dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-triggered signalling of AR in two prostate cancer-derived cell lines, 22Rv1 and LNCaP. These cell lines differ in number of AR variants, i.e. there are two variants in 22Rv1 cells (full length and truncated) but only one in LNCaP cells (full length). Graphene oxide had no effect on basal luciferase activity but significantly decreased DHT-inducible AR-dependent luciferase activity in stably transfected cells. In 22Rv1 cells, it induced concentration-dependent decrease of DHT-inducible KLK3 mRNA and PSA protein after 24 h. While there was no effect on UBE2C mRNA (regulated by truncated variant), there was synergistic effect of DHT and GO on UBE2C protein level. Translocation of full-length AR (AR-FL) was potentiated by GO in the presence of DHT in 22Rv1 cells but it was suppressed in LNCaP cells. DHT-stimulated enrichment of AR-FL on KLK3 promoter was not significantly affected by GO in any tested cell line neither was KLK3 mRNA at 4 h of incubation. In conclusion, GO affects DHT-triggered signalling in both types of cells in similar manner, but ligand-triggered redistribution of AR-FL is affected differently. One of the reasons may be the presence of truncated variant of androgen receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Ženata
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, Olomouc, CZ-783 71, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Panáček
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Kvítek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Vrzal
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, Olomouc, CZ-783 71, Czech Republic.
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22
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Malhotra N, Villaflores OB, Audira G, Siregar P, Lee JS, Ger TR, Hsiao CD. Toxicity Studies on Graphene-Based Nanomaterials in Aquatic Organisms: Current Understanding. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163618. [PMID: 32784859 PMCID: PMC7465277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene and its oxide are nanomaterials considered currently to be very promising because of their great potential applications in various industries. The exceptional physiochemical properties of graphene, particularly thermal conductivity, electron mobility, high surface area, and mechanical strength, promise development of novel or enhanced technologies in industries. The diverse applications of graphene and graphene oxide (GO) include energy storage, sensors, generators, light processing, electronics, and targeted drug delivery. However, the extensive use and exposure to graphene and GO might pose a great threat to living organisms and ultimately to human health. The toxicity data of graphene and GO is still insufficient to point out its side effects to different living organisms. Their accumulation in the aquatic environment might create complex problems in aquatic food chains and aquatic habitats leading to debilitating health effects in humans. The potential toxic effects of graphene and GO are not fully understood. However, they have been reported to cause agglomeration, long-term persistence, and toxic effects penetrating cell membrane and interacting with cellular components. In this review paper, we have primarily focused on the toxic effects of graphene and GO caused on aquatic invertebrates and fish (cell line and organisms). Here, we aim to point out the current understanding and knowledge gaps of graphene and GO toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemi Malhotra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
| | - Oliver B. Villaflores
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Center for Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, Philippines;
| | - Gilbert Audira
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
| | - Petrus Siregar
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
| | - Jiann-Shing Lee
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 900391, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-S.L.); (T.-R.G.); (C.-D.H.)
| | - Tzong-Rong Ger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
- Center for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-S.L.); (T.-R.G.); (C.-D.H.)
| | - Chung-Der Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan;
- Center for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-S.L.); (T.-R.G.); (C.-D.H.)
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23
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Ženata O, Vrzalová A, Bachleda P, Janečková J, Panáček A, Kvítek L, Vrzal R. The effect of graphene oxide on signalling of xenobiotic receptors involved in biotransformation. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 253:126753. [PMID: 32464781 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is an engineered nanomaterial which was demonstrated to have outstanding capacity for adsorption of organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), the ligands and activators of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Due to the partially overlapping ligand capacity of AhR and pregnane X receptor (PXR), we tested the impact of GO particles on their signalling. While reporter gene assay revealed potentiating effect of GO on ligand-activated AhR-dependent luciferase activity, there was no effect for PXR. However, inducible target genes for AhR (CYP1A1) or PXR (ABCB1) were decreased at mRNA as well as protein levels by the presence of GO in HepG2 (for AhR), LS180 (for PXR) or primary human hepatocytes (both receptors). Moreover, the presence of GO diminished PXR and AhR protein levels in primary cultures of human hepatocytes. This was partially reversed by proteasome inhibitor MG132 for AhR but not for PXR. In conclusion, GO decreases ligand-stimulated activities of AhR and PXR in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Ženata
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, Olomouc, CZ-783 71, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Vrzalová
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, Olomouc, CZ-783 71, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bachleda
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital, I.P. Pavlova 6, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Janečková
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital, I.P. Pavlova 6, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Panáček
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Kvítek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Vrzal
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, Olomouc, CZ-783 71, Czech Republic.
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24
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Svadlakova T, Hubatka F, Turanek Knotigova P, Kulich P, Masek J, Kotoucek J, Macak J, Motola M, Kalbac M, Kolackova M, Vankova R, Vicherkova P, Malkova A, Simeckova P, Volkov Y, Prina-Mello A, Kratochvilova I, Fiala Z, Raska M, Krejsek J, Turanek J. Proinflammatory Effect of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials: In Vitro Study on Stimulation of Inflammasome NLRP3 via Destabilisation of Lysosomes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E418. [PMID: 32120988 PMCID: PMC7152843 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-based nanomaterials (C-BNM) have recently attracted an increased attention as the materials with potential applications in industry and medicine. Bioresistance and proinflammatory potential of C-BNM is the main obstacle for their medicinal application which was documented in vivo and in vitro. However, there are still limited data especially on graphene derivatives such as graphene platelets (GP). In this work, we compared multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and two different types of pristine GP in their potential to activate inflammasome NLRP3 (The nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3) in vitro. Our study is focused on exposure of THP-1/THP1-null cells and peripheral blood monocytes to C-BNM as representative models of canonical and alternative pathways, respectively. Although all nanomaterials were extensively accumulated in the cytoplasm, increasing doses of all C-BNM did not lead to cell death. We observed direct activation of NLRP3 via destabilization of lysosomes and release of cathepsin B into cytoplasm only in the case of MWCNTs. Direct activation of NLRP3 by both GP was statistically insignificant but could be induced by synergic action with muramyl dipeptide (MDP), as a representative molecule of the family of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). This study demonstrates a possible proinflammatory potential of GP and MWCNT acting through NLRP3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Svadlakova
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (T.S.); (M.K.); (R.V.); (P.V.)
- Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.M.); (Z.F.)
| | - Frantisek Hubatka
- Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (F.H.); (P.T.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (J.K.); (P.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Pavlina Turanek Knotigova
- Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (F.H.); (P.T.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (J.K.); (P.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Pavel Kulich
- Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (F.H.); (P.T.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (J.K.); (P.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Josef Masek
- Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (F.H.); (P.T.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (J.K.); (P.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Jan Kotoucek
- Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (F.H.); (P.T.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (J.K.); (P.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Jan Macak
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, 53002 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Martin Motola
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, 53002 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Martin Kalbac
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Martina Kolackova
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (T.S.); (M.K.); (R.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Radka Vankova
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (T.S.); (M.K.); (R.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Petra Vicherkova
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (T.S.); (M.K.); (R.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Andrea Malkova
- Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.M.); (Z.F.)
| | - Pavlina Simeckova
- Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (F.H.); (P.T.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (J.K.); (P.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Yuri Volkov
- Department of Clinical Medicine/Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT, Dublin, Ireland; (Y.V.); (A.P.-M.)
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, First Moscow State Sechenov Medical University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Adriele Prina-Mello
- Department of Clinical Medicine/Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, D08 W9RT, Dublin, Ireland; (Y.V.); (A.P.-M.)
| | - Irena Kratochvilova
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 18200 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Zdenek Fiala
- Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.M.); (Z.F.)
| | - Milan Raska
- Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (F.H.); (P.T.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (J.K.); (P.S.); (M.R.)
- Department of Immunology and Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Krejsek
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (T.S.); (M.K.); (R.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Jaroslav Turanek
- Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (F.H.); (P.T.K.); (P.K.); (J.M.); (J.K.); (P.S.); (M.R.)
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Patil R, Bahadur P, Tiwari S. Dispersed graphene materials of biomedical interest and their toxicological consequences. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 275:102051. [PMID: 31753296 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.102051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is one-atom thick nanocarbon displaying a unique honeycomb structure and extensive conjugation. In addition to high surface area to mass ratio, it displays unique optical, thermal, electronic and mechanical properties. Atomic scale tunability of graphene has attracted immense research interest with a prospective utility in electronics, desalination, energy sectors, and beyond. Its intrinsic opto-thermal properties are appealing from the standpoint of multimodal drug delivery, imaging and biosensing applications. Hydrophobic basal plane of sheets can be efficiently loaded with aromatic molecules via non-specific forces. With intense biomedical interest, methods are evolving to produce defect-free and dispersion stable sheets. This review summarizes advancements in synthetic approaches and strategies of stabilizing graphene derivatives in aqueous medium. We have described the interaction of colloidal graphene with cellular and sub-cellular components, and subsequent physiological signaling. Finally, a systematic discussion is provided covering toxicological challenges and possible solutions on utilizing graphene formulations for high-end biomedical applications.
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Cazenave J, Ale A, Bacchetta C, Rossi AS. Nanoparticles Toxicity in Fish Models. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:3927-3942. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190912165413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The increasing production and use of nanoparticles (NP) have raised concerns regarding the potential
toxicity to human and environmental health. In this review, we address the up to date information on nanotoxicity
using fish as models. Firstly, we carried out a systematic literature search (articles published up to February 2019
in the Scopus database) in order to quantitatively assess the scientific research on nanoparticles, nanotoxicity and
fish. Next, we carried out a narrative synthesis on the main factors and mechanisms involved in NP toxicity in
fish. According to the bibliometric analysis, there is a low contribution of scientific research on nanotoxicity
compared with the general nanoparticles scientific production. The literature search also showed that silver and
titanium NP are the most studied nanomaterials and Danio rerio is the fish species most used. In comparison with
freshwater fish, the effects of nanomaterials on marine fish have been little studied. After a non-systematic literature
analysis, we identified several factors involved in nanotoxicity, as well as the effects and main toxicity
mechanisms of NP on fish. Finally, we highlighted the knowledge gaps and the need for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Cazenave
- Instituto Nacional de Limnologia, CONICET, UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Analía Ale
- Instituto Nacional de Limnologia, CONICET, UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Carla Bacchetta
- Instituto Nacional de Limnologia, CONICET, UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Andrea Silvana Rossi
- Instituto Nacional de Limnologia, CONICET, UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
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27
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Khan B, Adeleye AS, Burgess RM, Russo SM, Ho KT. Effects of graphene oxide nanomaterial exposures on the marine bivalve, Crassostrea virginica. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 216:105297. [PMID: 31550666 PMCID: PMC6837171 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 2004, graphene has been used in a wide variety of fields including biomedicine, electronics, filtration materials, and surface coatings. The rapidly expanding consumer market for graphene family nanomaterials (GFNs), such as graphene oxide (GO), raises concern regarding their environmental toxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of GO exposures in a marine filter-feeding bivalve (Crassostrea virginica) using sublethal biomarker approaches that can contribute to the development of an adverse outcome pathway (AOP). A 14-day study was conducted to identify tissue-specific molecular markers of GO toxicity using a static renewal design. Elevated lipid peroxidation and changes in glutathione-s-transferase (GST) activities were observed in gills and digestive gland tissues of the GO-exposed oysters. These cellular changes were noted for 2.5 and 5 mg/L GO exposures in seawater. Based on our results, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative damage is identified as a key event in the proposed AOP. Additionally, detoxification enzymes, such as GST, are thought to be involved in stress signaling leading to adverse effects on cellular health. This study is a part of our two-tier approach towards the identification of short- and long-term effects of GO exposures. This work, together with our previous 72 h exposure, represents the application of biomarker-based investigations in the process of AOP development for graphene family nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Khan
- National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associate at the US Environmental Protection Agency, ORD-NHEERL, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI, 02882, United States.
| | - Adeyemi S Adeleye
- National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associate at the US Environmental Protection Agency, ORD-NHEERL, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI, 02882, United States
| | - Robert M Burgess
- US Environmental Protection Agency, ORD-NHEERL, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI, 02882, United States
| | - Stephen M Russo
- Oak Ridge Associated Universities Student Services Contractor at the US Environmental Protection Agency, ORD-NHEERL, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI, 02882, United States
| | - Kay T Ho
- US Environmental Protection Agency, ORD-NHEERL, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI, 02882, United States
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28
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Barrick A, Châtel A, Manier N, Kalman J, Navas JM, Mouneyrac C. Investigating the Impact of Manufacturing Processes on the Ecotoxicity of Carbon Nanofibers: A Multi-Aquatic Species Comparison. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:2314-2325. [PMID: 31343769 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Manufactured nanomaterial production is outpacing the ability to investigate environmental hazard using current regulatory paradigms, causing a backlog of materials requiring testing. To ameliorate this issue, regulatory bodies have proposed integrating safety into the production of novel nanomaterials, allowing for hazards to be identified early in development rather than aftermarket release. In addition, there is a growing interest in short-term ecotoxicity testing to rapidly identify environmental hazards. In this sense, the present study investigated 3 carbon nanofibers (CNFs), created with different production methods, using short-term in vitro and in vivo exposures on fish cell lines, mussel hemocytes, crustacea, and algae. The present study investigated if differences in ecotoxicity hazard between the CNFs could be identified and, if so, which product could be considered less hazardous. A major challenge in assessing the potential hazards posed by manufactured nanomaterials is standardizing the preparation for testing. Standardized operating protocols have been proposed using protein to facilitate the preparation of stable stock suspension, which is not environmentally representative. As such, the study also assessed the potential impacts these standardized protocols (with or without the use of protein) could have on the interpretation of environmental hazard. The results demonstrated that there were clear differences between the 3 CNFs and that the dispersion protocol influenced the interpretation of hazard, demonstrating a need for caution when interpreting ecotoxicity in a regulatory context. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2314-2325. © 2019 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Barrick
- Mer Molécules Santé, Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers, France
| | - Amélie Châtel
- Mer Molécules Santé, Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers, France
| | - Nicolas Manier
- Expertise and Assay in Ecotoxicology Unit, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Judit Kalman
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Navas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
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Lammel T, Mackevica A, Johansson BR, Sturve J. Endocytosis, intracellular fate, accumulation, and agglomeration of titanium dioxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles in the rainbow trout liver cell line RTL-W1. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:15354-15372. [PMID: 30929178 PMCID: PMC6529399 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) present in water or diet can be taken up by fish and accumulate in internal organs including the liver. However, their further fate in the organ is unknown. This study provides new insights into the interaction, uptake mechanism, intracellular trafficking, and fate of TiO2 NPs (Aeroxide® P25) in fish liver parenchymal cells (RTL-W1) in vitro using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) as complementary analytical techniques. The results demonstrate that following their uptake via caveolae-mediated endocytosis, TiO2 NPs were trafficked through different intracellular compartments including early endosomes, multivesicular bodies, and late endosomes/endo-lysosomes, and eventually concentrated inside multilamellar vesicles. TEM and spICP-MS results provide evidence that uptake was nano-specific. Only NPs/NP agglomerates of a specific size range (~ 30-100 nm) were endocytosed; larger agglomerates were excluded from uptake and remained located in the extracellular space/exposure medium. NP number and mass inside cells increased linearly with time and was associated with an increase in particle diameter suggesting intracellular agglomeration/aggregation. No alterations in the expression of genes regulated by the redox balance-sensitive transcription factor Nrf-2 including superoxide dismutase, glutamyl cysteine ligase, glutathione synthetase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase were observed. This shows that, despite the high intracellular NP burden (~ 3.9 × 102 ng Ti/mg protein after 24 h) and NP-interaction with mitochondria, cellular redox homeostasis was not significantly affected. This study contributes to a better mechanistic understanding of in vitro particokinetics as well as the potential fate and effects of TiO2 NPs in fish liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Lammel
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, 413 90, Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Aiga Mackevica
- DTU Environment, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Bengt R Johansson
- The Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Joachim Sturve
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, 413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
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Khan B, Adeleye AS, Burgess RM, Smolowitz R, Russo SM, Ho KT. A 72-h exposure study with eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) and the nanomaterial graphene oxide. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:820-830. [PMID: 30667076 PMCID: PMC6580423 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a 2-dimensional nanomaterial with unique mechanical, thermal, electrical, and optical properties. With increasing applications of graphene-family nanomaterials (GFNs) in electronics, biomedicine, and surface coatings, concern for their impacts on aquatic ecosystems is rising. Current information on the toxicity of GFNs, including graphene oxide, is scarce. Filter-feeding bivalves, such as eastern oysters, are good models for nanomaterial exposure studies. We present results from a 72-h static renewal oyster study using 1 and 10 mg/L graphene oxide, which, to our knowledge, is the first report on in vivo effects of graphene oxide exposures in marine bivalves. Water samples were analyzed for graphene oxide concentration and size assessments. Gill and digestive gland tissues were evaluated for lipid peroxidation and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity. In addition, gill sections were fixed for histopathological analyses. Elevated lipid peroxidation was noted in oysters exposed to 10 mg/L graphene oxide. No significant changes in GST activity were observed, but reduced total protein levels were found in digestive gland tissues of exposed oysters at both concentrations. Loss of mucous cells, hemocytic infiltration, and vacuolation were observed in gills of exposed oysters. The results indicate that short-term graphene oxide exposures can induce oxidative stress and epithelial inflammation and adversely affect overall oyster health. Further investigations regarding the fate and sublethal effects of graphene oxide are critical to understanding the risks associated with a rapidly growing graphene consumer market. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:820-830. Published 2019 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Khan
- National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associate, US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
- corresponding author: Bushra Khan,
| | - Adeyemi S. Adeleye
- National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associate, US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Robert M. Burgess
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | | | - Stephen M. Russo
- Oak Ridge Associated Universities Student Services Contractor, US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Kay T. Ho
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
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31
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Kalman J, Merino C, Fernández-Cruz ML, Navas JM. Usefulness of fish cell lines for the initial characterization of toxicity and cellular fate of graphene-related materials (carbon nanofibers and graphene oxide). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 218:347-358. [PMID: 30476766 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-related materials (GRMs) are one of the most attractive materials from an application perspective, consequently their release into aquatic environments is highly likely. In the present work, the potential of fish hepatocytes (topminnow fish hepatoma cell line, PLHC-1) and macrophages (carp leukocyte cell line, CLC) to study the toxicity and intracellular fate of helical-ribbon carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and graphene oxide (GO) used in a variety of intermediate industrial products was evaluated, allowing a first ranking of GRMs according to their cytotoxicity. Cells were exposed to a concentration range of 0-200 μg ml-1 of GRMs for 24 and 72 h and cell viability was assessed by measuring mitochondrial activity (AlamarBlue assay), plasma membrane integrity (5-carboxyfluorescein diacetate-acetoxymethyl ester assay) and lysosomal function (neutral red uptake assay). Results showed that both the cell type and the choice of endpoint determined the toxicity of GRMs. In both cell lines, CNFs appeared to have higher toxicity than GO and the highest degree of graphitization in fibers was associated with lower toxicity. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that CNFs were taken up into membrane-bound compartments of PLHC-1 cells in a size-independent manner, whereas in CLC, longer CNFs were encountered free in the cytoplasm and only the shorter CNFs were localized in membrane-surrounded vesicles. GO sheets were present within vesicles as well as free in the cytoplasm of both cell types. These findings contribute to the understanding of the toxicity and behaviour of these GRMs in living systems, therefore aiding in designing safer materials for the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Kalman
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de la Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - César Merino
- Grupo Antolin Ingeniería, SA, Ctra. Madrid-Irún, Km 244.7, E09007 Burgos, Spain
| | - María L Fernández-Cruz
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de la Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Navas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ctra. de la Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Dasmahapatra AK, Dasari TPS, Tchounwou PB. Graphene-Based Nanomaterials Toxicity in Fish. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 247:1-58. [PMID: 30413975 PMCID: PMC6481941 DOI: 10.1007/398_2018_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Due to their unique physicochemical properties, graphene-based nanoparticles (GPNs) constitute one of the most promising types of nanomaterials used in biomedical research. GPNs have been used as polymeric conduits for nerve regeneration and carriers for targeted drug delivery and in the treatment of cancer via photothermal therapy. Moreover, they have been used as tracers to study the distribution of bioactive compounds used in healthcare. Due to their extensive use, GPN released into the environment would probably pose a threat to living organisms and ultimately to human health. Their accumulation in the aquatic environment creates problems to aquatic habitats as well as to food chains. Until now the potential toxic effects of GPN are not properly understood. Despite agglomeration and long persistence in the environment, GPNs are able to cross the cellular barriers successfully, entered into the cells, and are able to interact with almost all the cellular sites including the plasma membrane, cytoplasmic organelles, and nucleus. Their interaction with DNA creates more potential threats to both the genome and epigenome. In this brief review, we focused on fish, mainly zebrafish (Danio rerio), as a potential target animal of GPN toxicity in the aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asok K Dasmahapatra
- Research Centers in Minority Institutions, Center for Environmental Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Thabitha P S Dasari
- Research Centers in Minority Institutions, Center for Environmental Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Paul B Tchounwou
- Research Centers in Minority Institutions, Center for Environmental Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA.
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33
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Rodd AL, Castilho CJ, Chaparro CEF, Rangel-Mendez JR, Hurt RH, Kane AB. Impact of emerging, high-production-volume graphene-based materials on the bioavailability of benzo(a)pyrene to brine shrimp and fish liver cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. NANO 2018; 5:2144-2161. [PMID: 31565225 PMCID: PMC6764784 DOI: 10.1039/c8en00352a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With increasing commercialization of high volume, two-dimensional carbon nanomaterials comes a greater likelihood of environmental release. In aquatic environments, black carbon binds contaminants like aromatic hydrocarbons, leading to changes in their uptake, bioavailability, and toxicity. Engineered carbon nanomaterials can also adsorb pollutants onto their carbon surfaces, and nanomaterial physicochemical properties can influence this contaminant interaction. We used 2D graphene nanoplatelets and isometric carbon black nanoparticles to evaluate the influence of particle morphology and surface properties on adsorption and bioavailability of benzo(a)pyrene, a model aromatic hydrocarbon, to brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana) and a fish liver cell line (PLHC-1). Acellular adsorption studies show that while high surface area carbon black (P90) was most effective at a given concentration, 2D graphene nanoplatelets (G550) adsorbed more benzo(a)pyrene than carbon black with comparable surface area (M120). In both biological models, co-exposure to nanomaterials lead to reduced bioavailability, with G550 graphene nanoplatelets cause a greater reduction in bioavailability or response than the M120 carbon black nanoparticles. However, on a mass basis the high surface area P90 carbon black was most effective. The trends in bioavailability and adsorption were consistent across all biological and acellular studies, demonstrating the biological relevance of these results in different models of aquatic organisms. While adsorption is limited by surface area, 2D graphene nanoplatelets adsorb more benzo(a)pyrene than carbon black nanoparticles of similar surface area and charge, demonstrating that both surface area and shape play important roles in the adsorption and bioavailability of benzo(a)pyrene to carbon nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- April L Rodd
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | | | - Carlos EF Chaparro
- Division of Environmental Science, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, San Luis Potosí, 78216, Mexico
| | - J Rene Rangel-Mendez
- Division of Environmental Science, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, San Luis Potosí, 78216, Mexico
| | - Robert H Hurt
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Agnes B Kane
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
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De Marchi L, Pretti C, Gabriel B, Marques PAAP, Freitas R, Neto V. An overview of graphene materials: Properties, applications and toxicity on aquatic environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 631-632:1440-1456. [PMID: 29727968 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to unique chemical and physical properties, nanomaterials from the Graphene family are being increasingly introduced in all fields of science. The specific roles they can occupy within different applications are attracting increased attention by several industrial sectors. These carbon nanoparticles are released into the environment especially accumulating in aquatic systems. Since the discovery of graphene, a number of research actives are being conducted to find out the toxic potential of the Graphene family materials to different organism's models. Although their toxicity effects are well described for biomedical applications, few data were produced with the specific aim of assessing the toxic effects of these carbon nanomaterials in the aquatic environment. The purpose of this review is to compile up-to-date information on properties, applications and characterization methods of graphene family materials in aquatic environments and identified biological toxic impacts of these NMs, with special focus on graphene oxide based on the most recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia De Marchi
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Pisa 56122, Italy
| | - Bárbara Gabriel
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paula A A P Marques
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Victor Neto
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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35
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Development of a new tool for the long term in vitro ecotoxicity testing of nanomaterials using a rainbow-trout cell line (RTL-W1). Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 50:305-317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Amorim MJB, Lin S, Schlich K, Navas JM, Brunelli A, Neubauer N, Vilsmeier K, Costa AL, Gondikas A, Xia T, Galbis L, Badetti E, Marcomini A, Hristozov D, Kammer FVD, Hund-Rinke K, Scott-Fordsmand JJ, Nel A, Wohlleben W. Environmental Impacts by Fragments Released from Nanoenabled Products: A Multiassay, Multimaterial Exploration by the SUN Approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:1514-1524. [PMID: 29376638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoenabled products (NEPs) have numerous outdoor uses in construction, transportation or consumer scenarios, and there is evidence that their fragments are released in the environment at low rates. We hypothesized that the lower surface availability of NEPs fragment reduced their environmental effects with respect to pristine nanomaterials. This hypothesis was explored by testing fragments generated by intentional micronisation ("the SUN approach"; Nowack et al. Meeting the Needs for Released Nanomaterials Required for Further Testing: The SUN Approach. Environmental Science & Technology, 2016 (50), 2747). The NEPs were composed of four matrices (epoxy, polyolefin, polyoxymethylene, and cement) with up to 5% content of three nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, iron oxide, and organic pigment). Regardless of the type of nanomaterial or matrix used, it was observed that nanomaterials were only partially exposed at the NEP fragment surface, indicating that mostly the intrinsic and extrinsic properties of the matrix drove the NEP fragment toxicity. Ecotoxicity in multiple assays was done covering relevant media from terrestrial to aquatic, including sewage treatment plant (biological activity), soil worms (Enchytraeus crypticus), and fish (zebrafish embryo and larvae and trout cell lines). We designed the studies to explore the possible modulation of ecotoxicity by nanomaterial additives in plastics/polymer/cement, finding none. The results support NEPs grouping by the matrix material regarding ecotoxicological effect during the use phase. Furthermore, control results on nanomaterial-free polymer fragments representing microplastic had no significant adverse effects up to the highest concentration tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica J B Amorim
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro , 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sijie Lin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University , Shanghai 200092, China
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Karsten Schlich
- Department of Ecotoxicology, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology , Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - José M Navas
- Department of Environment, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) , Centra De la Coruña Km 7.5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Brunelli
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS), University Ca' Foscari of Venice , Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - Nicole Neubauer
- Department of Material Physics, BASF SE , Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Klaus Vilsmeier
- Department of Material Physics, BASF SE , Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Anna L Costa
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC) , Via Granarolo, 64, I-48018 Faenza, Italy
| | - Andreas Gondikas
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna , 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tian Xia
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Liliana Galbis
- Department of Environment, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) , Centra De la Coruña Km 7.5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Badetti
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS), University Ca' Foscari of Venice , Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - Antonio Marcomini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS), University Ca' Foscari of Venice , Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - Danail Hristozov
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS), University Ca' Foscari of Venice , Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - Frank von der Kammer
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna , 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kerstin Hund-Rinke
- Department of Ecotoxicology, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology , Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | | | - André Nel
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Wendel Wohlleben
- Department of Material Physics, BASF SE , Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Department of Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE , D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
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Srikanth K, Sundar LS, Pereira E, Duarte AC. Graphene oxide induces cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in bluegill sunfish cells. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 38:504-513. [PMID: 29171043 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is considered a promising material for biological application due to its unique properties. However, the potential toxicity of GO to aquatic organism particularly bluegill sun fish cells (BF-2) is unexplored or remains poorly understood. GO-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in BF-2 cells were assessed using a battery of biomarkers. Two different biological assays (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide and neutral red uptake were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of GO on BF-2 cells. It was found that GO induced dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity on BF-2 cells. BF-2 cells exposed to lower concentration of GO (40 μg ml-1 ) for 24 induced morphological changes when compared to their respective controls. As evidence for oxidative stress lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reactive oxygen species and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels were increased and glutathione levels were found to decline in BF-2 cells after treatment with GO. Our findings demonstrate that GO when exposed to BF-2 fish cells cause oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koigoora Srikanth
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental & Marine Studies and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - L Syam Sundar
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental & Marine Studies and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental & Marine Studies and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Armando Costa Duarte
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental & Marine Studies and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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38
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Li S, Luo Z, Xu Y, Ren H, Deng L, Zhang X, Huang F, Yue T. Interaction pathways between soft lipid nanodiscs and plasma membranes: A molecular modeling study. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:2096-2105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Bermejo-Nogales A, Fernández-Cruz ML, Navas JM. Fish cell lines as a tool for the ecotoxicity assessment and ranking of engineered nanomaterials. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 90:297-307. [PMID: 28966106 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is being hindered by the sheer production volume of these materials. In this regard, the grouping and ranking of ENMs appears as a promising strategy. Here we sought to evaluate the usefulness of in vitro systems based on fish cell lines for ranking a set of ENMs on the basis of their cytotoxicity. We used the topminnow (Poeciliopsis lucida) liver cell line (PLHC-1) and the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fibroblast-like gonadal cell line (RTG-2). ENMs were obtained from the EU Joint Research Centre repository. The size frequency distribution of ENM suspensions in cell culture media was characterized. Cytotoxicity was evaluated after 24 h of exposure. PLHC-1 cells exhibited higher sensitivity to the ENMs than RTG-2 cells. ZnO-NM was found to exert toxicity mainly by altering lysosome function and metabolic activity, while multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) caused plasma membrane disruption at high concentrations. The hazard ranking for toxicity (ZnO-NM > MWCNT ≥ CeO2-NM = SiO2-NM) was inversely related to the ranking in size detected in culture medium. Our findings reveal the suitability of fish cell lines for establishing hazard rankings of ENMs in the framework of integrated approaches to testing and assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bermejo-Nogales
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Carretera de la Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M L Fernández-Cruz
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Carretera de la Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Navas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Carretera de la Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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40
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Katsumiti A, Tomovska R, Cajaraville MP. Intracellular localization and toxicity of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide nanoplatelets to mussel hemocytes in vitro. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 188:138-147. [PMID: 28521151 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, graphene materials have attracted tremendous research interest due to their unique physicochemical properties that hold great promise in electronics, energy, materials and biomedical areas. Graphene oxide (GO) is one of the most extensively studied graphene derivatives. In order to improve GO electrical properties, nanoplatelets are chemically reduced, thus increasing nanoplatelet conductivity. This reduced GO (rGO) shows different properties and behavior compared to GO. Graphene-based wastes are expected to end up in the marine environment. Here we aimed to assess the potential toxic effects of GO and rGO to marine organisms by using in vitro assays with mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) hemocytes. Cells were exposed to a wide range of concentrations (up to 100mg/L) of GO (with and without polyvinylpyrrolidone-PVP as stabilizing agent: GO and GO-PVP) and rGO with PVP (rGO-PVP) to assess cytotoxicity and cell membrane integrity. Then, cells were exposed to sublethal concentrations of GO and rGO-PVP to assess their subcellular distribution through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and to evaluate their effects on ROS production. GO, GO-PVP and rGO-PVP showed low and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity. rGO-PVP (LC50=29.902 and 33.94mg/L depending on the origin) was more toxic than GO (LC50=49.84 and 54.51mg/L depending on the origin) and GO-PVP (LC50=43.72mg/L). PVP was not toxic to hemocytes but increased bioavailability and toxicity of nanoplatelets. At TEM, GO and rGO-PVP nanoplatelets caused invaginations and perforations of the plasma membrane, which agrees with the observed decrease in cell membrane integrity. Nanoplatelets were internalized, at a higher extent for rGO-PVP than for GO, and found in the cytosol and in endolysosomal vesicles of hemocytes. Both GO and rGO-PVP increased ROS production at the highest sublethal concentration tested. In conclusion, GO, GO-PVP and rGO-PVP are not highly toxic to mussel cells but they cause membrane damage and their toxicity is ROS-mediated. Finally, in vitro assays with mussel hemocytes are sensitive tools to detect toxic effects of graphene-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Katsumiti
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PIE, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Radmila Tomovska
- POLYMAT and Dept. Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Basque Country, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Miren P Cajaraville
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology PIE, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Basque Country, Spain.
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41
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Chen P, Yan LT. Physical principles of graphene cellular interactions: computational and theoretical accounts. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:4290-4306. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb03310e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Clarifying the physical principles of graphene cellular interactions is critical for the wider application of graphene-based nanomaterials in nanomedicine. This review highlights the advances in computational and theoretical accounts for this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
| | - Li-Tang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
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42
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Bermejo-Nogales A, Fernández M, Fernández-Cruz ML, Navas JM. Effects of a silver nanomaterial on cellular organelles and time course of oxidative stress in a fish cell line (PLHC-1). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 190:54-65. [PMID: 27544301 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Among the nanomaterials currently in commercial products, those based on silver are the most used, and so there is a high probability that silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) will be released into aquatic environments where they could adversely affect aquatic organisms, including fish. Taking this into account, the aim of the present work was to characterize in depth the mechanisms underlying the toxic action of AgNPs using fish cell lines, determining specifically the contribution of alterations in cellular structures and oxidative stress time course to the cytotoxicity of AgNPs. Since liver plays a key role in detoxification, the hepatoma cell line PLHC-1 was used. Exposure to AgNPs (NM-300K, obtained from the Joint Research Centre Repository) caused alterations at the lysosomal and mitochondrial levels at lower concentrations than those that disrupted plasma membrane (evaluated by means of neutral red, alamarBlue, and 5-carboxyfluorescein diacetate, acetoxymethyl ester assays respectively). AgNO3, used as a control Ag+ ion source, produced similar cytotoxic effects but at lower concentrations than AgNPs. Both silver forms caused oxidative disruption but the initial response was delayed in AgNPs until 6h of exposure. Transmission electron microscopy analysis also evidenced the disruption of mitochondrial structures in cells exposed to cytotoxic concentrations of both forms of silver. At non-cytotoxic concentrations, AgNPs were detected inside the nucleoli and mitochondria, thereby pointing to long-term effects. The present work evidences the mutual interaction between the induction of oxidative stress and the alterations of cellular structures, particularly mitochondria, as cytotoxicity mechanisms not exclusively associated to NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bermejo-Nogales
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Carretera de la Coruña, Km 7.5, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Fernández
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Avenida. Complutense 22, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M L Fernández-Cruz
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Carretera de la Coruña, Km 7.5, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Navas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Carretera de la Coruña, Km 7.5, Madrid, Spain.
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Hristozov D, Gottardo S, Semenzin E, Oomen A, Bos P, Peijnenburg W, van Tongeren M, Nowack B, Hunt N, Brunelli A, Scott-Fordsmand JJ, Tran L, Marcomini A. Frameworks and tools for risk assessment of manufactured nanomaterials. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 95:36-53. [PMID: 27523267 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Commercialization of nanotechnologies entails a regulatory requirement for understanding their environmental, health and safety (EHS) risks. Today we face challenges to assess these risks, which emerge from uncertainties around the interactions of manufactured nanomaterials (MNs) with humans and the environment. In order to reduce these uncertainties, it is necessary to generate sound scientific data on hazard and exposure by means of relevant frameworks and tools. The development of such approaches to facilitate the risk assessment (RA) of MNs has become a dynamic area of research. The aim of this paper was to review and critically analyse these approaches against a set of relevant criteria. The analysis concluded that none of the reviewed frameworks were able to fulfill all evaluation criteria. Many of the existing modelling tools are designed to provide screening-level assessments rather than to support regulatory RA and risk management. Nevertheless, there is a tendency towards developing more quantitative, higher-tier models, capable of incorporating uncertainty into their analyses. There is also a trend towards developing validated experimental protocols for material identification and hazard testing, reproducible across laboratories. These tools could enable a shift from a costly case-by-case RA of MNs towards a targeted, flexible and efficient process, based on grouping and read-across strategies and compliant with the 3R (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement) principles. In order to facilitate this process, it is important to transform the current efforts on developing databases and computational models into creating an integrated data and tools infrastructure to support the risk assessment and management of MNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danail Hristozov
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, c/o PST Vega di Venezia - Via della Libertà 12, 30175 Marghera (VE), Italy.
| | - Stefania Gottardo
- European Commission's Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy.
| | - Elena Semenzin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, c/o PST Vega di Venezia - Via della Libertà 12, 30175 Marghera (VE), Italy.
| | - Agnes Oomen
- National Institute of Public Health & the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720, BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter Bos
- National Institute of Public Health & the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720, BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Willie Peijnenburg
- National Institute of Public Health & the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720, BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Martie van Tongeren
- Centre for Human Exposure Science, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Research Avenue, North, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AP, Scotland.
| | - Bernd Nowack
- EMPA-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Neil Hunt
- The REACH Centre, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Andrea Brunelli
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, c/o PST Vega di Venezia - Via della Libertà 12, 30175 Marghera (VE), Italy.
| | - Janeck J Scott-Fordsmand
- Department of Bioscience-Terrestrial Ecology, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark.
| | - Lang Tran
- Centre for Human Exposure Science, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Research Avenue, North, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AP, Scotland.
| | - Antonio Marcomini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, c/o PST Vega di Venezia - Via della Libertà 12, 30175 Marghera (VE), Italy.
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Wang Z, Zhu W, Qiu Y, Yi X, von dem Bussche A, Kane A, Gao H, Koski K, Hurt R. Biological and environmental interactions of emerging two-dimensional nanomaterials. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:1750-80. [PMID: 26923057 PMCID: PMC4820079 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00914f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials have become a major focus in materials chemistry research worldwide with substantial efforts centered on synthesis, property characterization, and technological application. These high-aspect ratio sheet-like solids come in a wide array of chemical compositions, crystal phases, and physical forms, and are anticipated to enable a host of future technologies in areas that include electronics, sensors, coatings, barriers, energy storage and conversion, and biomedicine. A parallel effort has begun to understand the biological and environmental interactions of synthetic nanosheets, both to enable the biomedical developments and to ensure human health and safety for all application fields. This review covers the most recent literature on the biological responses to 2D materials and also draws from older literature on natural lamellar minerals to provide additional insight into the essential chemical behaviors. The article proposes a framework for more systematic investigation of biological behavior in the future, rooted in fundamental materials chemistry and physics. That framework considers three fundamental interaction modes: (i) chemical interactions and phase transformations, (ii) electronic and surface redox interactions, and (iii) physical and mechanical interactions that are unique to near-atomically-thin, high-aspect-ratio solids. Two-dimensional materials are shown to exhibit a wide range of behaviors, which reflect the diversity in their chemical compositions, and many are expected to undergo reactive dissolution processes that will be key to understanding their behaviors and interpreting biological response data. The review concludes with a series of recommendations for high-priority research subtopics at the "bio-nanosheet" interface that we hope will enable safe and successful development of technologies related to two-dimensional nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xin Yi
- School of Engineering, USA.
| | | | - Agnes Kane
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, USA. and Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, USA
| | | | - Kristie Koski
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Robert Hurt
- School of Engineering, USA. and Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, USA
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45
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Lammel T, Boisseaux P, Navas JM. Potentiating effect of graphene nanomaterials on aromatic environmental pollutant-induced cytochrome P450 1A expression in the topminnow fish hepatoma cell line PLHC-1. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:1192-1204. [PMID: 24706484 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Graphene and its derivatives are an emerging class of carbon nanomaterial with great potential for a broad range of industrial and consumer applications. However, their increasing production and use is expected to result in release of nano-sized graphene platelets into the environment, where they may interact with chemical pollutants modifying their fate and toxic potential. The objective of this study was to assess whether graphene nanoplatelets can act as vector for aromatic environmental pollutants increasing their cellular uptake and associated hazardous effects in vitro. For this purpose, cell cultures of the topminnow fish (Poeciliopsis lucida) hepatoma cell line PLHC-1 were simultaneously (and successively) exposed to graphene nanoplatelets (graphene oxide (GO) or carboxyl graphene (CXYG)) and an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist (β-naphthoflavone (β-NF), benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF) or 3,3',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB169)). Following exposure cytochrome P450 1A (Cyp1A) induction was assessed by measuring cyp1A mRNA expression levels using reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Cyp1A-dependent ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity. It was observed that pre- and co-exposure of cells to GO and CXYG nanoplatelets had a potentiating effect on β-NF, BkF, and PCB169-dependent Cyp1A induction suggesting that graphene nanoplatelets increase the effective concentration of AhR agonists by facilitating their passive diffusion into the cells by damaging the cells' plasma membrane and/or by transporting them over the plasma membrane via a Trojan horse-like mechanism. The results demonstrate the existence of combination effects between nanomaterials and environmental pollutants and stress the importance of considering these effects when evaluating their respective hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Lammel
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Carretera de la Coruña Km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paul Boisseaux
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Carretera de la Coruña Km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Navas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Carretera de la Coruña Km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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46
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Chen Y, Hu X, Sun J, Zhou Q. Specific nanotoxicity of graphene oxide during zebrafish embryogenesis. Nanotoxicology 2015; 10:42-52. [PMID: 25704117 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1005032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has shown great potential for biological, medical, energy and electronic applications. As a consequence of these diverse applications, GO release into the ecosystem is inevitable; however, the corresponding risks are largely unknown, particularly with respect to the critical period of embryogenesis. This study revealed that GO adhered to and enveloped the chorion of zebrafish embryos mainly via hydroxyl group interactions, blocked the pore canals of the chorionic membrane, and caused marked hypoxia and hatching delay. Furthermore, GO spontaneously penetrated the chorion, entered the embryo via endocytosis, damaged the mitochondria and primarily translocated to the eye, heart and yolk sac regions, which are involved in the circulatory system of zebrafish. In these organs, GO induced excessive generation of reactive oxygen species and increased oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis. Graphene oxide also induced developmental malformation of the eye, cardiac/yolk sac edema, tail flexure and heart rate reduction. In contrast to the common dose-effect relationships of nanoparticles, the adverse effects of GO on heart rate and tail/spinal cord flexure increased and then decreased as the GO concentration increased. These findings emphasize the specific adverse effects of GO on embryogenesis and highlight the potential ecological and health risks of GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education) , Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin , China
| | - Xiangang Hu
- a Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education) , Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin , China
| | - Jing Sun
- a Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education) , Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin , China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- a Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education) , Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin , China
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Connolly M, Fernández-Cruz ML, Navas JM. Recovery of redox homeostasis altered by CuNPs in H4IIE liver cells does not reduce the cytotoxic effects of these NPs: an investigation using aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) dependent antioxidant activity. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 228:57-68. [PMID: 25617484 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequent oxidative stress is regarded as a relevant mechanism for nanoparticle toxicity. In cells, the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) triggers a cascade of defence responses against oxidative stress. By increasing AhR dependent cellular anti-oxidant activity, we tested the extent to which the cytotoxic effect of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) is governed by oxidative stress. H4IIE rat hepatoma cells were challenged with high ROS levels after exposure to CuNPs, while the AhR-induced cellular anti-oxidant defence was simultaneously activated by the AhR ligand beta-Naphthoflavone (ßNF). Activation of phase II detoxification enzymes (as glutathione-S-transferases, GSTs) and anti-oxidants (glutathione, GSH) led to a complete abrogation of CuNP-induced ROS production. However, a concurrent reduction in cytotoxicity was not detected, thereby indicating that CuNPs exert non-oxidative stress mediated cytotoxic effects. Transmission electron microscopy analysis pointed to a direct physical perturbation of cellular structures by CuNPs, thus contributing to their cytotoxicity. Our observations highlight that distinct mechanisms underlie the toxicity of ions and NPs and indicate that while ROS elicitation is CuNP-specific, the cytotoxic action of these particles may not be directly related to their pro-oxidative activity. These findings have important implications with respect to the oxidative stress paradigm used to explain NP toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Connolly
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de la Coruña Km 7.5, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Luisa Fernández-Cruz
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de la Coruña Km 7.5, Madrid, Spain.
| | - José María Navas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Carretera de la Coruña Km 7.5, Madrid, Spain.
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