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Priya AK, Muruganandam M, Suresh S. Bio-derived carbon-based materials for sustainable environmental remediation and wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142731. [PMID: 38950744 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Biosynthesized nanocomposites, particularly those incorporating carbon-based materials, exhibit exceptional tunability and multifunctionality, surpassing the capabilities of conventional materials in these aspects. Developing practical solutions is critical to address environmental toxins from pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, pesticides, and dyes. Biomass waste is a readily available carbon source, which emerges as a promising material for producing biochar due to its inherent advantages: abundance, low cost, and environmentally friendly nature. This distribution mainly uses carbon-based materials (CBMs) and biomass waste in wastewater treatment. This review paper investigates several CBM types, including carbon aerogels, nanotubes, graphene, and activated carbon. The development of bio-derived carbon-based nanomaterials are discussed, along with the properties and composition of carbon materials derived from biomass waste and various cycles, such as photodegradation, adsorption, and high-level oxidation processes for natural remediation. In conclusion, this review examines the challenges associated with biochar utilization, including cost, recovery, and practical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Priya
- Project Prioritization, Monitoring & Evaluation, and Knowledge Management Unit, ICAR Indian Institute of Soil & Water Conservation (ICAR-IISWC), Dehradun, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M Muruganandam
- Project Prioritization, Monitoring & Evaluation, and Knowledge Management Unit, ICAR Indian Institute of Soil & Water Conservation (ICAR-IISWC), Dehradun, India
| | - Sagadevan Suresh
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia; Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India.
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2
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Kumar V, Sharma P, Pasrija R, Chakraborty P, Basheer T, Thomas J, Sehgal SS, Gupta M, Muzammil K. Engineered lignocellulosic based biochar to remove endocrine-disrupting chemicals: Assessment of binding mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142584. [PMID: 38866332 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The safety and health of aquatic organisms and humans are threatened by the increasing presence of pollutants in the environment. Endocrine disrupting chemicals are common pollutants which affect the function of endocrine and causes adverse effects on human health. These chemicals can disrupt metabolic processes by interacting with hormone receptors upon consumptions by humans or aquatic species. Several studies have reported the presence of endocrine disrupting chemicals in waterbodies, food, air and soil. These chemicals are associated with increasing occurrence of obesity, metabolic disorders, reproductive abnormalities, autism, cancer, epigenetic variation and cardiovascular risk. Conventional treatment processes are expensive, not environment friendly and unable to achieve complete removal of these harmful chemicals. In recent years, biochar from different sources has gained a considerable interest due to their adsorption efficiency with porous structure and large surface areas. biochar derived from lignocellulosic biomass are widely used as sustainable catalysts in soil remediation, carbon sequestration, removal of organic and inorganic pollutants and wastewater treatment. This review conceptualizes the production techniques of biochar from lignocellulosic biomass and explores the functionalization and interaction of biochar with endocrine-disrupting chemicals. This review also identifies the further needs of research. Overall, the environmental and health risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals can be dealt with by biochar produced from lignocellulosic biomass as a sustainable and prominent approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kumar
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering (BITE) Laboratory, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Thandalam, 602105, India
| | - Preeti Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Ritu Pasrija
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Pritha Chakraborty
- School of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Whitefield, Bangalore, 560066, Karnataka, India.
| | - Thazeem Basheer
- Waste Management Division, Integrated Rural Technology Centre (IRTC), Mundur, Palakkad, 678592, Kerala, India
| | - Jithin Thomas
- Department of Biotechnology, Mar Athanasius College, Kerala, India
| | - Satbir S Sehgal
- Division of Research Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Manish Gupta
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Khursheed Muzammil
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University, Abha, 62561, Saudi Arabia
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Wilson K, Iqbal J, Obaid Abdalla Obaid Hableel A, Naji Khalaf Beyaha Alzaabi Z, Nazzal Y. Camel Dung-Derived Biochar for the Removal of Copper(II) and Chromium(III) Ions from Aqueous Solutions: Adsorption and Kinetics Studies. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:11500-11509. [PMID: 38497018 PMCID: PMC10938451 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This study explores an innovative approach to tackle the critical issue of heavy metal ion contamination in aqueous solutions through the utilization of camel dung-derived biochar. In the context of global environmental concerns and the adverse impacts of heavy metal pollution on ecosystems and human health, the investigation focuses on copper(II) and chromium(III) ions, which are among the most pervasive pollutants originating from industrial activities. The research revealed that camel dung-derived biochar exhibits exceptional potential for the removal of copper(II) and chromium(III) ions, with removal efficiencies of more than 90% and adsorption capacities of 23.20 and 23.36 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption processes followed second-order kinetics, and the data fitted both the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. The underlying mechanisms governing this adsorption phenomenon seem to be grounded in complexation reactions, cation exchange, and cation-π interactions, underscoring the multifaceted nature of the interactions between the biochar and heavy metal ions. This research not only advances our understanding of sustainable materials for water purification but also harnesses the underutilized potential of camel dung as a valuable resource for environmental remediation, offering a promising avenue for addressing global water pollution challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenesha Wilson
- College of Natural and Health
Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Jibran Iqbal
- College of Natural and Health
Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | | | | | - Yousef Nazzal
- College of Natural and Health
Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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4
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Nguyen AH, Oh S. Side effects of the addition of an adsorbent for the nitrification performance of a microbiome in the treatment of an antibiotic mixture. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133034. [PMID: 38035522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
This work determined the effect of biochar (BC) as an adsorbent on the nitrifying microbiome in regulating the removal, transformation, fate, toxicity, and potential environmental consequences of an antibiotic mixture containing oxytetracycline (OTC) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX). Despite the beneficial role of BC as reported in the literature, the present study revealed side effects for the nitrifying microbiome and its functioning arising from the presence of BC. Long-term monitoring revealed severe disruption to nitratation via the inhibition of both nitrite oxidizers (e.g., Nitrospira defluvii) and potential comammox species (e.g., Ca. Nitrospira nitrificans). Byproducts (BPs) more toxic than the parent compounds were found to persist at a high relative abundance, particularly in the presence of BC. Quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling determined that the physicochemical properties of the toxic BPs significantly differed from those of OTC and SMX. The results suggested that the BPs tended to mobilize and accumulate on the surface of the solids in the system (i.e., the BC and biofilm), disrupting the nitrifiers growing at the interface. Collectively, this study provides novel insights, demonstrating that the addition of adsorbents to biological systems may not necessarily be beneficial; rather, they may generate side effects for specific bacteria that have important ecosystem functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh H Nguyen
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Seungdae Oh
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
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Dai C, Wang F. Potential applications of microalgae-bacteria consortia in wastewater treatment and biorefinery. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130019. [PMID: 38000638 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The use of microalgae-bacteria consortia (MBC) for wastewater treatment has garnered attention as their interactions impart greater environmental adaptability and stability compared with that obtained by only microalgae or bacteria use, thereby improving the efficiency of pollutant removal and bio-product productivity. Additionally, the value-added bio-products produced via biorefineries can improve economic competitiveness and environmental sustainability. Therefore, this review focuses on the interaction between microalgae and bacteria that leads to nutrient exchange, gene transfer and signal transduction to comprehensively understand the interaction mechanisms underlying their strong adaptability. In addition, it includes recent research in which MBC has been efficiently used to treat various wastewater. Moreover, the review summarizes the use of MBC-produced biomass in a biorefining context to produce biofuel, biomaterial, high-value bio-products and bio-fertilizer. Overall, more effort is needed to identify the symbiotic mechanism in MBC to provide a foundation for circular bio-economy and environmentally friendly development programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenming Dai
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
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Zhao Z, Chen J, Gao S, Lu T, Li L, Farooq U, Gang S, Lv M, Qi Z. Low-molecular-weight aromatic acids mediated the adsorption of Cd 2+ onto biochars: effects and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:15597-15610. [PMID: 38300497 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32253-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight aromatic acids (LWMAAs), a ubiquitous organic substance in natural systems, are important in controlling the environmental fate of potentially toxic metals. However, little is known about the effects of LWMAAs on the interactions between biochars and potentially toxic metals. Herein, the influences of three aromatic acids, including benzoic acid (BA), p-hydroxy benzoic acid (PHBA), and syringic acid (SA), on the adsorption of Cd2+ onto biochars generated at three different pyrolysis temperatures under acidic and neutral conditions were examined. Generally, the adsorption ability of biochars for Cd2+ improved with the increase of pyrolysis temperature, which was ascribed to the increased inorganic element contents (e.g., P, S, and Si) and aromaticity, increasing the complexation between mineral anions and metal ions, and the enhanced cation-π interaction. Interestingly, aromatic acids considerably inhibited the adsorption of Cd2+ onto biochars, which was mainly ascribed to multi-mechanisms, including competition of LWMAA molecules and metal ions for adsorption sites, the pore blocking effect, the weakened interaction between mineral anions and Cd2+ induced by the adsorbed aromatic acids, and the formation of water-soluble metal-aromatic acid complexes. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of LWMAAs on Cd2+ adsorption intensively depended on the aromatic acid type and followed the order of SA > PHBA > BA. This trend was related to the differences in the physicochemical features (e.g., the octanol/water partition coefficient (log Kow) and molecular size) of diverse LMWAAs. The results of this study demonstrate that the effects of coexisting LMWAAs should not be ignored when biochars are applied in soil remediation and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhao
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater, No. 801 Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Brigade, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Jiuyan Chen
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater, No. 801 Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Brigade, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Taotao Lu
- College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Lixia Li
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater, No. 801 Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Brigade, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Usman Farooq
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shenting Gang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater, No. 801 Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Brigade, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Minghui Lv
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater, No. 801 Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Brigade, Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Zhichong Qi
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
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Guerrero-Brotons M, Álvarez-Rogel J, Arce MI, Gómez R. Addressing the C/N imbalance in the treatment of irrigated agricultural water by using a hybrid constructed wetland at field-scale. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119329. [PMID: 37866182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
To mitigate excess of nitrate-N (NO3--N) derived from agricultural activity, constructed wetlands (CWs) are created to simulate natural removal mechanisms. Irrigated agricultural drainage water is commonly characterized by an organic carbon/nitrogen (C/N) imbalance, thus, C limitation constrains heterotrophic denitrification, the main biotic process implicated in NO3--N removal in wetlands. We studied a pilot plant with three series (169 m2) of hybrid CWs over the first two years of functioning to examine: i) the effect of adding different C-rich substrates (natural soil vs. biochar) to gravel on NO3--N removal in a subsurface flow (Phase I), ii) the role of a second phase with a horizontal surface flow (Phase II) as a source of dissolved organic C (DOC), and its effect in a consecutive horizontal subsurface flow (Phase III) on NO3--N removal, and iii) the contribution of each phase to global NO3--N removal. Our results showed that the addition of a C-rich substrate to gravel had a positive effect on NO3--N removal in Phase I, with mean efficiencies of 40% and 17% for soil and biochar addition, respectively, compared to only gravel (0.75%). In Phase II, the algae growth turned into a DOC concentration increase, but it did not enhance NO3--N removal in Phase III. In series with C-rich substrate addition, the largest contribution to NO3--N removal was found in Phase I. However, in series with only gravel, Phase II was the most effective on NO3--N removal. Contribution of Phase III to NO3--N removal was almost negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Álvarez-Rogel
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, E.T.S.I.A. Technical University of Cartagena, 30203, Cartagena, Spain
| | - María Isabel Arce
- Department of Ecology and Hydrology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rosa Gómez
- Department of Ecology and Hydrology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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Nguyen TB, Sherpa K, Bui XT, Nguyen VT, Vo TDH, Ho HTT, Chen CW, Dong CD. Biochar for soil remediation: A comprehensive review of current research on pollutant removal. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122571. [PMID: 37722478 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Biochar usage in soil remediation has turned out to be an enticing topic recently. Biochar, a product formed by pyrolysis of organic waste, which is rich in carbon, has the aptitude to ameliorate climate change by sequestering carbon while also enhancing soil quality and crop yields. Two-edged implications of biochar on soil amendment are still being discussed yet, clarity on the long-term implications of biochar on soil health and the environment is not yet achieved. As a result, it is crucial to systematically uncover the pertinent information regarding biochar remediation, as this can serve as a roadmap for future research on using biochar to remediate contaminated soils in mining regions. This review endeavors to bring forth run thoroughly the latest state of research on the use of biochar in soil remediation, along with its potential benefits, limitations, challenges, and future scope. By synthesizing existing literature on biochar soil remediation, this review aims to provide insights into the potential of biochar as a sustainable solution for soil remediation. Specifically, this review will highlight the key factors that influence the effectiveness of biochar for soil remediation and the potential risks associated with its use, as well as the current gaps in knowledge and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh-Binh Nguyen
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Kamakshi Sherpa
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Xuan-Thanh Bui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Van-Truc Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment, Saigon University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi-Dieu-Hien Vo
- Faculty Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Hien-Thi-Thanh Ho
- Faculty of Environment, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan, ROC.
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Qu Y, Yang Y, Sonne C, Chen X, Yue X, Gu H, Lam SS, Peng W. Phytosphere purification of urban domestic wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122417. [PMID: 37598935 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Industrialization and overpopulation have polluted aquatic environments with significant impacts on human health and wildlife. The main pollutants in urban sewage are nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals and organic pollutants, which need to be treated with sewage, and the use of aquatic plants to purify wastewater has high efficiency and low cost. However, the effectiveness and efficiency of phytoremediation are also affected by temperature, pH, microorganisms and other factors. The use of biochar can reduce the cost of wastewater purification, and the combination of biochar and nanotechnology can improve the efficiency of wastewater purification. Some aquatic plants can enrich pollutants in wastewater, so it can be considered to plant these aquatic plants in constructed wetlands to achieve the effect of purifying wastewater. Biochar treatment technology can purify wastewater with high efficiency and low cost, and can be further applied to constructed wetlands. In this paper, the latest research progress of various pollutants in wastewater purification by aquatic plants is reviewed, and the efficient treatment technology of wastewater by biochar is discussed. It provides theoretical basis for phytoremediation of urban sewage pollution in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Qu
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization,School of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China
| | - Yafeng Yang
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization,School of Landscape Architecture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde DK-4000, Denmark; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Xiangmeng Chen
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization,School of Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China
| | - Xiaochen Yue
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization,School of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China
| | - Haiping Gu
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization,School of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Center for Global Health Research (CGHR), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Wanxi Peng
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization,School of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China.
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Zhang S, Rasool G, Wang S, Zhang Y, Guo X, Wei Z, Zhang X, Yang X, Wang T. Biochar and Chlorella increase rice yield by improving saline-alkali soil physicochemical properties and regulating bacteria under aquaculture wastewater irrigation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139850. [PMID: 37604341 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The combined effects of biochar and Chlorella under aquaculture wastewater irrigation in improving saline-alkali soil physicochemical properties, microbial communities, and rice yield, is not yet clear. This study utilized soil physicochemical indicators and gene sequencing to examine the effect of salinity stress, biochar and Chlorella under aquaculture wastewater irrigation on soil properties, bacterial community compositions, and rice production. Treatments included three factors in a randomized complete block design with three replications: (i) Biochar - 40 tons ha -1 (BW) versus no-biochar (BN); (ii) Salinity - 3‰ salinity (SH) versus 1‰ salinity (SL); and (iii) Chlorella - with 107 cells mL -1 Chlorella (CW) versus no-Chlorella (CN). The results revealed that increased salinity adversely affected the soil nutrients (TOC, NO3⁻-N, NH4+-N, Olsen-P), and enzyme activity (urease, sucrase, catalase), resulting in a 9.67% reduction in rice yield compared to SL treatment. However, the close correlation between alterations in soil bacterial communities, functions, and soil physicochemical properties, as well as rice yield, indicated that biochar and Chlorella promoted rice yield by enhancing the physicochemical properties of saline-alkali soil and bacterial community when irrigated with aquaculture wastewater: (1) addition of biochar increased the146.05% rice yield by increasing TOC content, the complexity of bacterial co-occurrence patterns, nitrogen fixation potential, and nitrification potential, (2) addition of Chlorella increased TOC, NO3⁻-N, NH4+-N, enhanced urease, sucrase, catalase activity, and nitrification potential to increased rice yield by 60.29%, and (3) compared with the treatment T3 (SHBNCN), the treatments with biochar (BW) and Chlorella (CW) increased the yield by 561.30% and 445.03% under 1‰ and 3‰ salinity, respectively. These findings provide novel perspectives on the capacity of biochar and Chlorella to improve saline-alkali soil properties and increase rice yield irrigated with aquaculture wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxuan Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No.8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, China
| | - Ghulam Rasool
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No.8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, China; College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210024, China
| | - Shou Wang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No.8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No.8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, China
| | - Xiangping Guo
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No.8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, China.
| | - Zhejun Wei
- Plant Nutrition and Fertilization Department, Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute, Chongzuo, 532415, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, No.8 Focheng West Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Institute of Rural Water Conservancy and Soil and Water Conservation, Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute, 210017, China
| | - Tongshun Wang
- Institute of Rural Water Conservancy and Soil and Water Conservation, Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute, 210017, China
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Pérez H, Quintero García OJ, Amezcua-Allieri MA, Rodríguez Vázquez R. Nanotechnology as an efficient and effective alternative for wastewater treatment: an overview. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:2971-3001. [PMID: 37387425 PMCID: wst_2023_179 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The increase in the surface and groundwater contamination due to global population growth, industrialization, proliferation of pathogens, emerging pollutants, heavy metals, and scarcity of drinking water represents a critical problem. Because of this problem, particular emphasis will be placed on wastewater recycling. Conventional wastewater treatment methods may be limited due to high investment costs or, in some cases, poor treatment efficiency. To address these issues, it is necessary to continuously evaluate novel technologies that complement and improve these traditional wastewater treatment processes. In this regard, technologies based on nanomaterials are also being studied. These technologies improve wastewater management and constitute one of the main focuses of nanotechnology. The following review describes wastewater's primary biological, organic, and inorganic contaminants. Subsequently, it focuses on the potential of different nanomaterials (metal oxides, carbon-based nanomaterials, cellulose-based nanomaterials), membrane, and nanobioremediation processes for wastewater treatment. The above is evident from the review of various publications. However, nanomaterials' cost, toxicity, and biodegradability need to be addressed before their commercial distribution and scale-up. The development of nanomaterials and nanoproducts must be sustainable and safe throughout the nanoproduct life cycle to meet the requirements of the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heilyn Pérez
- Centro Nacional de Estudios Avanzados de Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07360, Mexico E-mail:
| | - Omar Jasiel Quintero García
- Centro Nacional de Estudios Avanzados de Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Myriam Adela Amezcua-Allieri
- Gerencia de Transformación de Biomasa, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas Norte 152, colonia San Bartolo Atepehuacan, Mexico City 07730, Mexico
| | - Refugio Rodríguez Vázquez
- Centro Nacional de Estudios Avanzados de Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
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Park B, Choi SJ. Magnetic biochar modified with crosslinked chitosan and EDTA for removing cobalt from aqueous solutions. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-023-08831-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Abdullah M, Iqbal J, Ur Rehman MS, Khalid U, Mateen F, Arshad SN, Al-Sehemi AG, Algarni H, Al-Hartomy OA, Fazal T. Removal of ceftriaxone sodium antibiotic from pharmaceutical wastewater using an activated carbon based TiO 2 composite: Adsorption and photocatalytic degradation evaluation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 317:137834. [PMID: 36640968 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The water pollution becomes a serious concern for the sustainability of ecosystems due to the existence of pharmaceutical products (ceftriaxone (CEF) antibiotic). Even in low concentration of CEF has lethal effects on ecosystem and human health. To remove CEF, TiO2 is considered as an effective and efficient nanoparticles, however its performance is reduced due to wider energy gap and rapid recombination of charge carriers. In this study, activated carbon based TiO2 (ACT-X) heterogeneous nanocomposites were synthesized to improve the intrinsic properties of TiO2 and their adsorption-photocatalytic performance for the removal of CEF. The characterization results revealed that ACT-X composites have slower recombination of charge carriers, lower energy band gap (3.05 eV), and better light absorption under visible region of light. From ACT-X composites, the ACT-4 photocatalyst has achieved highest photocatalytic degradation (99.6%) and COD removal up (99.2%). The results of radical scavengers showed that photocatalytic degradation of CEF is mainly occurred due to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Meanwhile, the reusability of ACT-4 up to five cycles shows more than 80% photocatalytic degradation, which make the process more economical. The highest experimental adsorption capacity is achieved up to 844.8 mg g-1 using ACT-4. The favorable and multilayer heterogeneous adsorption is carried out according to the well-fitted data with pseudo-second-order and Freundlich models, respectively. These results indicate that the carbon-based TiO2 composites can be used as a green, stable, efficient, effective, reusable, renewable, and sustainable photocatalyst to eliminate the pharmaceutical pollutants (antibiotics) via adsorption and photocatalytic degradation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneeb Abdullah
- Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ICEE), Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ICEE), Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Saif Ur Rehman
- Office of Research, Innovation, and Commercialization (ORIC), Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Usman Khalid
- Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ICEE), Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Mateen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Salman Noshear Arshad
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Science (LUMS), Lahore, 54792, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah G Al-Sehemi
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed Algarni
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar A Al-Hartomy
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahir Fazal
- Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ICEE), Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan.
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Chen Z, Cao W, Bai H, Zhang R, Liu Y, Li Y, Song J, Liu J, Ren G. Review on the degradation of chlorinated hydrocarbons by persulfate activated with zero-valent iron-based materials. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:761-782. [PMID: 36789716 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs) are often used in industrial processes, and they have been found in groundwater with increasing frequency in recent years. Several typical CHCs, including trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA), carbon tetrachloride (CT), etc., have strong cytotoxicity and carcinogenicity, posing a serious threat to human health and ecological environment. Advanced persulfate (PS) oxidation technology based on nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) has become a research hotspot for CHCs degradation in recent years. However, nZVI is easily oxidized to form the surface passivation layer and prone to aggregation in practical application, which significantly reduces the activation efficiency of PS. In order to solve this problem, various nZVI modification solutions have been proposed. This review systematically summarizes four commonly used modification methods of nZVI, and the theoretical mechanisms of PS activated by primitive and modified nZVI. Besides, the influencing factors in the engineering application process are discussed. In addition, the controversial views on which of the two (SO4·- and ·OH) is dominant in the nZVI/PS system are summarized. Generally, SO4·- predominates in acidic conditions while ·OH prefers neutral and alkaline environments. Finally, challenges and prospects for practical application of CHCs removal by nZVI-based materials activating PS are also analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Huakan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Wenqing Cao
- Tianjin Huakan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - He Bai
- Tianjin Huakan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Huakan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Yiyun Liu
- Tianjin Huakan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Yan Li
- Tianjin Huakan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Jingpeng Song
- Tianjin Huakan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Juncheng Liu
- Tianjin Huakan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Gengbo Ren
- School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
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Dubey S, Chen CW, Haldar D, Tambat VS, Kumar P, Tiwari A, Singhania RR, Dong CD, Patel AK. Advancement in algal bioremediation for organic, inorganic, and emerging pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120840. [PMID: 36496067 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rapidly changing bioremediation prospects are key drive to develop sustainable options that can offer extra benefits rather than only environmental remediation. Algal remediating is gaining utmost attention due to its mesmerising sustainable features, removing odour and toxicity, co-remediating numerous common and emerging inorganic and organic pollutants from gaseous and aqueous environments, and yielding biomass for a range of valuable products refining. Moreover, it also improves carbon footprint via carbon-capturing offers a better option than any other non-algal process for several high CO2-emitting industries. Bio-uptake, bioadsorption, photodegradation, and biodegradation are the main mechanisms to remediate a range of common and emerging pollutants by various algae species. Bioadsorption was a dominant remediation mechanism among others implicating surface properties of pollutants and algal cell walls. Photodegradable pollutants were photodegraded by microalgae by adsorbing photons on the surface and intracellularly via stepwise photodissociation and breakdown. Biodegradation involves the transportation of selective pollutants intracellularly, and enzymes help to convert them into simpler non-toxic forms. Robust models are from the green microalgae group and are dominated by Chlorella species. This article compiles the advancements in microalgae-assisted pollutants remediation and value-addition under sustainable biorefinery prospects. Moreover, filling the knowledge gaps, and recommendations for developing an effective platform for emerging pollutants remediation and realization of commercial-scale algal bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhant Dubey
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan; Sustainable Environment Research Centre, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Dibyajyoti Haldar
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, India
| | - Vaibhav Sunil Tambat
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Ashutosh Tiwari
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Reeta Rani Singhania
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, India
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan; Sustainable Environment Research Centre, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Tomczyk A, Kondracki B, Szewczuk-Karpisz K. Chemical modification of biochars as a method to improve its surface properties and efficiency in removing xenobiotics from aqueous media. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137238. [PMID: 36375614 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) is a carbonaceous material produced by pyrolysis of biomass, applied in various areas such as water purification, fuel production, soil amendment, etc. Many types of BC are characterized by insufficient textural parameters or poor surface chemistry, and hence by low adsorption capacity. This makes innovative chemical methods increasing BC ability to remove xenobiotics from aquatic environments highly needed. Many of them have already been described in the literature. This review presents them in detail and evaluates their effectiveness in improving textural parameters, surface chemistry, and adsorption capacity of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Tomczyk
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Kondracki
- Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University in Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8 (SPSK Nr 4), 20-954 Lublin, Poland
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Wang C, Hansen HCB, Andersen ML, Strobel BW, Ma H, Dodge N, Jensen PE, Lu C, Holm PE. Fast peroxydisulfate oxidation of the antibiotic norfloxacin catalyzed by cyanobacterial biochar. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129655. [PMID: 35901634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Peroxydisulfate (PDS) is a common oxidant for organic contaminant remediation. PDS is typically activated by metal catalysts to generate reactive radicals. Unfortunately, as radicals are non-selective and metal catalysts may cause secondary contamination, alternative selective non-radical pathways and non-metal catalysts need attention. Here we investigated PDS oxidation of commonly detected antibiotic Norfloxacin (NOR) using cyanobacterial nitrogen rich biochars (CBs) as catalysts. NOR was fully degraded by CB pyrolysed at 950 °C (CB950) within 120 min. CB950 caused threefold faster degradation than low pyrolysis temperature (PT) CBs and achieved a maximum surface area normalized rate constant of 4.38 × 10-2 min-1 m-2 L compared to widely used metal catalysts. CB950 maintained full reactivity after four repeated uses. High defluorination (82%) and mineralization (>82%) were observed for CB950/PDS. CBs were active over a broad pH range (3-10), but with twice as high rates under alkaline compared with neutral conditions. NOR is degraded by organic, •OH and SO4•- radicals in low PT CBs/PDS systems, where the presence of MnII promotes radical generation. Electron transfer reactions with radicals supplemented dominate high PT CBs/PDS systems. This study demonstrates high PT biochars from algal bloom biomass may find use as catalysts for organic contaminant oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Hans Christian Bruun Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Mogens Larsen Andersen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Bjarne W Strobel
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Nadia Dodge
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Poul Erik Jensen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Changyong Lu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Peter E Holm
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Kang JK, Seo EJ, Lee CG, Jeong S, Park SJ. Application of response surface methodology and artificial neural network for the preparation of Fe-loaded biochar for enhanced Cr(VI) adsorption and its physicochemical properties and Cr(VI) adsorption characteristics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:60852-60866. [PMID: 35434752 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we optimized and explored the effect of the conditions for synthesizing Fe-loaded food waste biochar (Fe@FWB) for Cr(VI) removal using the response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). The pyrolysis time, temperature, and Fe concentration were selected as the independent variables, and the Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of Fe@FWB was maximized. RSM analysis showed that the p-values of pyrolysis temperature and Fe concentration were less than 0.05, indicating that those variables were statically significant, while pyrolysis time was less significant due to its high p-value (0.2830). However, the ANN model results showed that the effect of pyrolysis time was more significant on Cr(VI) adsorption capacity than Fe concentration. The optimal conditions, determined by the RSM analysis with a lower sum of squared error than ANN analysis, were used to synthesize the optimized Fe@FWB (Fe@FWB-OPT) for Cr(VI) removal. From the equilibrium model fitting, the Langmuir model showed a better fit than the Freundlich model, while the Redlich-Peterson isotherm model overlapped. The Cr(VI) sorption capacity of Fe@FWB-OPT calculated from the Langmuir model was 377.71 mg/g, high enough to be competitive to other adsorbents. The kinetic Cr(VI) adsorption was well described by the pseudo-second-order and Elovich models. The XPS results showed that Cr adsorbed on the surface of Fe-FWB-OPT was present not only as Cr(VI) but also as Cr(III) by the reduction of Cr(VI). The results of Cr(VI) adsorption by varying the pH indicate that electrostatic attraction is a key adsorption mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Kyu Kang
- Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Seo
- Department of Integrated System Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gu Lee
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Jeong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jik Park
- Department of Integrated System Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Bioresources and Rural System Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Nowadays, biochar is being studied to a great degree because of its potential for carbon sequestration, soil improvement, climate change mitigation, catalysis, wastewater treatment, energy storage, and waste management. The present review emphasizes on the utilization of biochar and biochar-based nanocomposites to play a key role in decontaminating dyes from wastewater. Numerous trials are underway to synthesize functionalized, surface engineered biochar-based nanocomposites that can sufficiently remove dye-contaminated wastewater. The removal of dyes from wastewater via natural and modified biochar follows numerous mechanisms such as precipitation, surface complexation, ion exchange, cation–π interactions, and electrostatic attraction. Further, biochar production and modification promote good adsorption capacity for dye removal owing to the properties tailored from the production stage and linked with specific adsorption mechanisms such as hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. Meanwhile, a framework for artificial neural networking and machine learning to model the dye removal efficiency of biochar from wastewater is proposed even though such studies are still in their infancy stage. The present review article recommends that smart technologies for modelling and forecasting the potential of such modification of biochar should be included for their proper applications.
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Fito J, Kefeni KK, Nkambule TTI. The potential of biochar-photocatalytic nanocomposites for removal of organic micropollutants from wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154648. [PMID: 35306069 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar (BC)-photocatalyst nanocomposites have emerged as appealing water and wastewater treatment technology. Such nanocomposite materials benefit from the synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalysis to attain improved removal of pollutants from water and wastewater. Under this review, three BC-based nanocomposite photocatalysts such as BC-TiO2, BC-ZnO, and BC-spinel ferrites were considered. These nanocomposites acquire intrinsic properties to improve the practical limitations of the pristine BC and photocatalysts. The BC-based nanocomposites attained high photocatalytic activity, mechanical hardness, thermal stability, chemically non-reactive, magnetically permeable, reduced energy band gaps, improved reusability, and simplified recovery. Moreover, BC-based photocatalytic nanocomposites showed reduced recombination rates of the electron-hole pairs which are desirable for photocatalytic applications. However, the surface areas of the composites are usually smaller than that of the BC but higher than those of the pristine photocatalysts. Practically, the performances of the nanocomposites are much superior to those of the corresponding pristine components. This hybrid treatment technology is an emerging field and its industrial application is still at an early stage of the investigation. Therefore, exploring the full potential and practical applications of this technology is highly encouraging. Hence, this review focused on the critical evaluation of the most recent research on the synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic treatment efficiency of the BC photocatalyst nanocomposites towards emerging pollutants in the aqueous medium. Moreover, the influence of various sources of BC feedstocks and their limitations on adsorption and photodegradation activities are discussed in detail. Finally, concluding remarks and future research directions are given to assist and shape the exploration of BC-based nanocomposite photocatalysts in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemal Fito
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, 1710, South Africa.
| | - Kebede K Kefeni
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, 1710, South Africa.
| | - Thabo T I Nkambule
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, 1710, South Africa.
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Huang H, Zheng Y, Wei D, Yang G, Peng X, Fan L, Luo L, Zhou Y. Efficient removal of pefloxacin from aqueous solution by acid-alkali modified sludge-based biochar: adsorption kinetics, isotherm, thermodynamics, and mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:43201-43211. [PMID: 35091955 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, one kind of acid-alkali modified sludge-based biochar (ASBC) was synthesized, characterized, and employed as adsorbent for the removal of pefloxacin. The characterization results showed that the specific surface area (SSA) of ASBC (53.381 m2/g) was significantly higher than that of SBC (24.411 m2/g). ASBC had a rougher surface, larger particle distribution, lower zero point charge, and richer functional groups (e.g., C-O and O-H) than SBC. The adsorption capacity of ASBC was 1.82 times than that of SBC. After 8 adsorption cycles in reuse experiment, the adsorption capacity of ASBC for pefloxacin still reached 144.08 mg/L, indicating that ASBC has good reusability. Static experiments showed that the optimal pH value was 6.0 in the adsorption of pefloxacin on SBC and ASBC. The result of adsorption kinetics indicated that the pseudo-second-order model could describe well the adsorption process. The Freundlich model was better than the Langmuir model to describe the adsorption of pefloxacin by ASBC, indicating that the adsorption process was mainly multilayer adsorption. Thermodynamic result showed that the adsorption of pefloxacin by ASBC was spontaneous and endothermic. The removal mechanism of pefloxacin by ASBC is mainly the substitution reaction and π-π EDA interaction. In summary, acid-alkali modified biochar is an effective adsorbent for pefloxacin in aqueous solution, and has great application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Huang
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yongxin Zheng
- Yueyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yueyang, 414000, China
| | - Dongning Wei
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Xin Peng
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Lingjia Fan
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Lin Luo
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Sorbent Properties of Orange Peel-Based Biochar for Different Pollutants in Water. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10050856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient and reasonable utilization of waste biomass resources can not only avoid serious waste of material resources, but also solve the problem of environmental pollution. Therefore, the development of efficient and environmentally friendly waste biomass carbonization technology has important practical significance. Here, the activated carbon from orange peel (OAC) is prepared by potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation combined with high-temperature carbonization. The adsorption effects of OAC on three different pollutant aqueous solutions, methylene blue (MB), tetracycline (TC), and fluorescein sodium (NaFL), are examined. The OAC absorbent has excellent adsorption capacity for MB, TC, and NaFL pollutants of 10 mg L−1, with adsorption rates of 99.17%, 73.5%, and 94.24%, respectively. This study provides a new idea for turning waste biomass into treasure and eliminating the hidden danger of environmental pollution.
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Wang C, Wang G, Xie S, Wang J, Guo Y. Removal behavior and mechanisms of U(VI) in aqueous solution using aloe vera biochar with highly developed porous structure. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08281-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Vieira RAL, Pickler TB, Segato TCM, Jozala AF, Grotto D. Biochar from fungiculture waste for adsorption of endocrine disruptors in water. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6507. [PMID: 35443767 PMCID: PMC9021278 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The agricultural residues are ecofriendly alternatives for removing contaminants from water. In this way, a novel biochar from the spent mushroom substrate (SMS) was produced and assessed to remove endocrine disruptor from water in batch and fixed-bed method. SMS were dried, ground, and pyrolyzed. Pyrolysis was carried out in three different conditions at 250 and 450 °C, with a residence time of 1 h, and at 600 °C with a residence time of 20 min. The biochar was firstly tested in a pilot batch with 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and progesterone. The residual concentrations of the endocrine disruptors were determined by HPLC. The biochar obtained at 600 °C showed the best removal efficiency results. Then, adsorption parameters (isotherm and kinetics), fixed bed tests and biochar characterization were carried out. The Langmuir model fits better to progesterone while the Freundlich model fits better to EE2. The Langmuir model isotherm indicated a maximum adsorption capacity of 232.64 mg progesterone/g biochar, and 138.98 mg EE2/g biochar. Images from scanning electrons microscopy showed that the 600 °C biochar presented higher porosity than others. In the fixed bed test the removal capacity was more than 80% for both endocrine disruptors. Thus, the biochar showed a good and viable option for removal of contaminants, such as hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thaisa Borim Pickler
- LAPETOX - Laboratory of Toxicological Research, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil
| | | | - Angela Faustino Jozala
- LAMINFE - Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Process, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil.
| | - Denise Grotto
- LAPETOX - Laboratory of Toxicological Research, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, Brazil.
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Nasir HM, Wee SY, Aris AZ, Abdullah LC, Ismail I. Processing of natural fibre and method improvement for removal of endocrine-disrupting compounds. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132726. [PMID: 34718023 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Persistent endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) in bodies of water are a concern for human health and constitute an environmental issue, even if present in trace amounts. Conventional treatment systems do not entirely remove EDCs from discharge effluent. Due to the ultra-trace level of EDCs which affect human health and pose an environmental issue, developing new approaches and techniques to remove these micropollutants from the discharged effluent is vital. This review discusses the most common methods of eliminating EDCs through preliminary, primary, secondary and tertiary treatments. The adsorption process is favoured for EDC removal, as it is an economical and straightforward option. The NABC aspects, which are the need, approach, benefits and challenges, were analysed based on existing circumstances, highlighting biochar as a green and renewable adsorbent for the removal of organic contaminants. From the environmental point of view, the effectiveness of this method, which uses natural fibre from the kenaf plant as a porous and economical biochar material with a selected lignocellulosic biomass, provides insights into the advantages of biochar-derived adsorbents. Essentially, the improvement of the natural fibre as an adsorbent is a focus, using carbonisation, activation, and the physiochemical process to enhance the adsorption ability of the material for pollutants in bodies of water. This output will complement sustainable water management approaches presented in previous studies for combating the emerging pollutant crisis via novel green and environmentally safe options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanisah Mohmad Nasir
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sze Yee Wee
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | - Luqman Chuah Abdullah
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ismayadi Ismail
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Law XN, Cheah WY, Chew KW, Ibrahim MF, Park YK, Ho SH, Show PL. Microalgal-based biochar in wastewater remediation: Its synthesis, characterization and applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:111966. [PMID: 34450156 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are drawing attentions among researchers for their biorefinery use or value-added products. The high production rate of biomasses produced are attractive for conversion into volatile biochar. Torrefaction, pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization are the recommended thermochemical conversion techniques that could produce microalgal-based biochar with desirable physiochemical properties such as high surface area and pore volume, abundant surface functional groups, as well as functionality such as high adsorption capacity. The characterizations of the biochar significantly influence the mechanisms in adsorption of pollutants from wastewaters. Specific adsorption of the organic and inorganic pollutants from the effluent are reviewed to examine the adsorption capacity and efficiency of biochar derived from different microalgae species. Last but not least, future remarks over the challenges and improvements are discussed accordingly. Overall, this review would discuss the synthesis, characterization and application of the microalgal-based biochar in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ni Law
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China; School of Bioscience, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Wai Yan Cheah
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, MAHSA University, 42610, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohamad Faizal Ibrahim
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Medeiros DCCDS, Nzediegwu C, Benally C, Messele SA, Kwak JH, Naeth MA, Ok YS, Chang SX, Gamal El-Din M. Pristine and engineered biochar for the removal of contaminants co-existing in several types of industrial wastewaters: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151120. [PMID: 34756904 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been widely studied as an adsorbent for the removal of contaminants from wastewater due to its unique characteristics, such as having a large surface area, well-distributed pores and high abundance of surface functional groups. Critical review of the literature was performed to understand the state of research in utilizing biochars for industrial wastewater remediation with emphasis on pollutants that co-exist in wastewater from several industrial activities, such as textile, pharmaceutical and mining industries. Such pollutants include organic (such as synthetic dyes, phenolic compounds) and inorganic contaminants (such as cadmium, lead). Multiple correspondence analyses suggest that through batch equilibrium, columns or constructed wetlands, researchers have used mechanistic modelling of isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics to evaluate contaminant removal in either synthetic or real industrial wastewaters. The removal of organic and inorganic contaminants in wastewater by biochar follows several mechanisms: precipitation, surface complexation, ion exchange, cation-π interaction, and electrostatic attraction. Biochar production and modifications promote good adsorption capacity for those pollutants because biochar properties stemming from production were linked to specific adsorption mechanisms, such as hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. For instance, adsorption capacity of malachite green ranged from 30.2 to 4066.9 mg g-1 depending on feedstock type, pyrolysis temperature, and chemical modifications. Pyrolyzing biomass at above 500 °C might improve biochar quality to target co-existing pollutants. Treating biochars with acids can also improve pollutant removal, except that the contribution of precipitation is reduced for potentially toxic elements. Studies on artificial intelligence and machine learning are still in their infancy in wastewater remediation with biochars. Meanwhile, a framework for integrating artificial intelligence and machine learning into biochar wastewater remediation systems is proposed. The reutilization and disposal of spent biochar and the contaminant release from spent biochar are important areas that need to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher Nzediegwu
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Chelsea Benally
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Selamawit Ashagre Messele
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Jin-Hyeob Kwak
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada; Department of Rural Construction Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - M Anne Naeth
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Scott X Chang
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Mohamed Gamal El-Din
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada.
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Muralikrishnan R, Jodhi C. Biodecolorization of reactive blue 19 using biochar derived from groundnut shell: batch adsorption isotherms, kinetics and regeneration studies. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-02212-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Abd El-Azeem SAM. Wastewater Treatment Using Biochar Technology. THE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2022:35-61. [DOI: 10.1007/698_2022_881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Zhao Y, Qamar SA, Qamar M, Bilal M, Iqbal HMN. Sustainable remediation of hazardous environmental pollutants using biochar-based nanohybrid materials. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 300:113762. [PMID: 34543967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a well-known carbon material with diversified functionalities and excellent physicochemical characteristics with high wastewater treatment potential. This review aims to summarize recent advancements in the development of biochar and biochar-based nanohybrid materials as a potential tool for the removal of harmful organic compounds such as synthetic dyes/effluents. The formation of biochar using pyrolysis of renewable feedstocks and their applications in various industries are explained hereafter. The characteristics and construction of biochar-based hybrid materials are explained in detail. Diversity of feedstocks, including municipal wastes, industrial byproducts, agricultural, and forestry residues, endows different biochar types with a wide structural variety. The production of cost-effective biochar drives the interest in manipulating biochars and induces desire functionality using nanoscale reinforcements. Various types of biochars, such as magnetic biochar, layered nanomaterial coated biochar, nanometallic oxide composites, chemically and physically functionalized biochar, have been produced. With the aid of nanomaterial, hybrid biochar exhibits a high potential to remove toxic contaminants. Depending upon biochar type, dyes/effluents can be removed via different mechanisms, including the Fenton process, photocatalytic degradation, π-π interaction, electrostatic interaction, and physical adsorption. In conclusion, desired physicochemical features, and tunable surface properties of biochar present high potential material in removing organic dyes and other effluents. The blended biochar with different materials/nanomaterials endows broader development and multi-functional opportunities for treating dyes/effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Zhao
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China.
| | - Sarmad Ahmad Qamar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahpara Qamar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China.
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
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Ogura AP, Lima JZ, Marques JP, Massaro Sousa L, Rodrigues VGS, Espíndola ELG. A review of pesticides sorption in biochar from maize, rice, and wheat residues: Current status and challenges for soil application. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 300:113753. [PMID: 34537561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of pesticides has been increasing in recent years for maintaining traditional agricultural practices. However, these chemicals are associated with several environmental impacts, demanding urgent remediation techniques. Biochar is a carbonaceous material produced by pyrolysis that has the potential for pesticide sorption and remediation. In this context, this interdisciplinary review systematically assessed the state of the knowledge of crop residues to produce biochar for pesticide sorption. We focused on maize, rice, and wheat residues since these are the three most-produced grains worldwide. Besides, we evaluated different biochar handling, storage, and soil dispersion techniques to ease its implementation in agriculture. In general, pyrolysis temperature influences biochar characteristics and its potential for pesticide sorption. Furthermore, biochar amended soils had greater pesticide sorption capacity, limiting potential leaching and runoff. Most studies showed that the feedstock and specific surface area influence the biochar sorption properties, among other factors. Also, biochar reduces pesticides' bioavailability, decreasing their toxicity to soil organisms and improving soil fertility and crop yields. Nonetheless, the retrieved papers assessed only 21 pesticides, mainly consisting of lab-scale batch experiments. Therefore, there is still a gap in studies evaluating biochar aging, its potential desorption, pesticide co-contaminations, the associated microbiological processes, and field applications. Determining flow properties for biochars of different sizes and pellets is vital for reliable handling equipment design, and performing techno-economic assessment under different farm contexts is encouraged. Ultimately, coupling biochar production with residue management could address this challenge on sustainable agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Pretti Ogura
- PPG-SEA and NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil.
| | - Jacqueline Zanin Lima
- Department of Geotechnical Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Pelinsom Marques
- Department of Geotechnical Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Lucas Massaro Sousa
- Process Design and Modeling Division, IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rond-Point Échangeur de Solaize, 69360, Solaize, France
| | | | - Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola
- PPG-SEA and NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
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Single and Binary Adsorption Behaviour and Mechanisms of Cd2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+ onto Modified Biochar in Aqueous Solutions. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9101829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The chitosan–EDTA modified magnetic biochar (E–CMBC) was successfully used as a novel adsorbent to remove heavy metals. The adsorption behaviour and mechanisms of E–CMBC to Cd2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+ were performed in single and binary system in aqueous solutions. In single–metal system, the adsorption process of Cd2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+ on E–CMBC fitted well with the Avrami fractional–order kinetics model and the Langmuir isotherm model. The measured maximum adsorption capacities were 61.08 mg g−1, 48.36 mg g−1 and 41.17 mg g−1 for Cd2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+, respectively. In binary–metal system, coexisting ions have obvious competitive adsorption behaviour on E–CMBC when the concentration of heavy meal beyond 20 mg L−1. The maximum adsorption capacities of the heavy metals were found to be lower than that in single–metal system. The order of the competitive adsorption ability was Cu2+ > Ni2+ > Cd2+. Interestingly, in Cd2+–Cu2+ system the earlier adsorbed Cd2+ could be completely replaced by Cu2+ from the solution. Different competitive adsorption ability of those heavy metal were due to the characteristics of heavy metal and resultant affinity of the adsorption sites on E–CMBC. The adsorption mechanism indicated that chemical adsorption played a dominating role. Therefore, E–CMBC could be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment.
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Graphene oxide and Fe3O4 composite synthesis, characterization and adsorption efficiency evaluation for NO3¯ and PO43¯ ions in aqueous medium. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Shakoor MB, Ye ZL, Chen S. Engineered biochars for recovering phosphate and ammonium from wastewater: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146240. [PMID: 33744573 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has gained great scientific attention as a promising agent for agricultural and environmental applications. A variety of biochars with excellent properties such as high porosity, surface area and functional groups have been developed for nutrients recovery from wastewater. Compared to pristine biochar, engineered biochar with enlarged surface area and abundant functional groups has been prepared which shows a new type of carbon-based material with enhanced adsorption potential for nutrients in wastewater. To date, a few reviews have been specifically focused on several important aspects of engineered biochar, such as its application to recover phosphate and ammonium from wastewater and subsequent use as a slow-release fertilizer. In this work, novel modification/treatment methods including activation with acid/alkali, functionalization with amides, thiols and oxidizing agents, metal salt impregnation, loading with various minerals and carbon-based materials are reviewed for preparing engineered biochar with improved adsorption capacity. Various sources of biomass for producing biochars were estimated, and the intrinsic characteristics and potential of biochar products for simultaneous recovery/removal of phosphate and ammonium from wastewater were evaluated. Relevant interaction mechanisms of phosphate and ammonium adsorption on engineered biochars have been discussed in details. Finally, important future prospects as well as industrial/commercial-scale application of engineered biochars for phosphate and ammonium recovery from wastewater have been emphasized. We believe that this review will provide broad scientific opportunities for thorough understanding of applying engineered biochar as a low-cost and environmentally sustainable material for nutrients recovery from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Shakoor
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen City, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Zhi-Long Ye
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen City, Fujian 361021, China.
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen City, Fujian 361021, China
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Jiang L, Xie Y, He F, Ling Y, Zhao J, Ye H, Li S, Wang J, Hou Y. Facile synthesis of GO as middle carrier modified flower-like BiOBr and C3N4 nanosheets for simultaneous treatment of chromium(VI) and tetracycline. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Zhao B, Xu X, Zhang R, Cui M. Remediation of Cu(II) and its adsorption mechanism in aqueous system by novel magnetic biochar derived from co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and biomass. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:16408-16419. [PMID: 33387322 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The novel magnetic biochar (MBC), derived from co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and biomass loading nanosized iron oxide particles, was used as an environmentally friendly adsorbent. The loading of magnetic particles was in favor of increasing the adsorption capacity and separation from aqueous system for biochar (BC). The physical/chemical characteristics of MBC were revealed by elemental analysis, VSM, SEM-EDS, XRD, FTIR, zeta potential, and batch adsorption-desorption experiments. The nanosized γ-Fe2O3 particles grown on the surface of biochar showed ferromagnetic property. For the remediation of Cu(II) contamination, MBC-5 showed remarkable adsorption capacity of 67.68 mg/g, and presented a wide pH range of 3.0-6.0. The Langmuir isothermal and pseudo-second-order model could describe adsorption process well. The adsorption mechanism of Cu(II) involved physical adsorption, ion exchange, and electrostatic surface complexation on the surface of MBCs. In the desorption experiments, MBC-5 holds the adsorption efficiency of 81.09% after fifth recycle still, which illustrated a remarkable performance of cyclic utilization by the solid waste of sewage sludge and biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhao
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Xinyang Xu
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Miao Cui
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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Ahmed FK, Mostafa M, Abd-Elsalam KA. Micro-/nanoscale biodegradable hydrogels: Water purification, management, conservation, and agrochemical delivery. AQUANANOTECHNOLOGY 2021:201-229. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-821141-0.00002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Efficient Removal of Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) from Aqueous Solutions by a Mineral-Rich Biochar Derived from a Spent Mushroom ( Agaricus bisporus) Substrate. MATERIALS 2020; 14:ma14010035. [PMID: 33374884 PMCID: PMC7794708 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the novel application of a mineral-rich biochar derived from a spent Agaricus bisporus substrate (SAS). Biochars with various pyrolysis temperatures (350–750 °C) were used to remove Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption characteristics and removal mechanisms of the biochars were investigated. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm data were fitted well by pseudo-second-order and Freundlich models. The Langmuir maximum removal capacity (Qmax) values of Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) were ordered as SAS750 > SAS350 > SAS550, and the Qmax values of SAS750 were 68.1, 55.2, and 64.8 mg·g−1, respectively. Overall, the removal mechanisms of biochar at a low production temperature (350 °C) to Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) were mainly via ion exchange (54.0, 56.0, and 43.0%), and at a moderate production temperature (550 °C), removal mechanisms were mainly via coordination with π electrons (38.3, 45.9, and 55.0%), while mineral precipitation (65.2, 44.4, and 76.3%, respectively) was the dominant mechanism at a high produced temperature (750 °C). The variation of the mutual effect of minerals and heavy metals was the predominant factor in the sorption mechanism of mineral precipitation and ion exchange. The results demonstrated that spent Agaricus bisporus substrate biochar is a potential candidate for the efficient removal of heavy metals, which provides a utilization route for spent mushroom substrates.
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Kwon G, Bhatnagar A, Wang H, Kwon EE, Song H. A review of recent advancements in utilization of biomass and industrial wastes into engineered biochar. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 400:123242. [PMID: 32585525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
For past few years, biochar has gained a great deal of attention for its versatile utility in agricultural and environmental applications. The diverse functionality and environmental-friendly nature of biochar have motivated many researchers to delve into biochar researches and spurred rapid expansion of literature in recent years. Biochar can be produced from virtually all the biomass, but the properties of biochar are highly dependent upon the types of feedstock biomass and preparation methods. The overall performances of as-prepared biochar in treating soil and water contaminants is generally inferior to activated carbon due to its lower surface area and limited functionalities. This limitation has led to many follow-up studies that focused on improving material characteristics by imparting desired functionality. Such efforts have greatly advanced knowledge to produce better-performing engineered biochar with enhanced capability and versatility. To this end, this review was prepared to compile recent advancements in fabrication and application of engineered biochar, especially with respect to the influences of biomass feedstock on the properties of biochar and the utilization of industrial wastes in fabrication of engineered biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihoon Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, Fl-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Hocheol Song
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul05006, Republic of Korea.
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Kwon G, Cho DW, Wang H, Bhatnagar A, Song H. Valorization of plastics and paper mill sludge into carbon composite and its catalytic performance for acarbon material consisted of the multi-layerzo dye oxidation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:123173. [PMID: 32768847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and paper mill sludge (PMS) were co-pyrolyzed under two environments of N2 and CO2. The pyrolysis process was assessed by conducting thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and monitoring the evolution of gaseous products. The resulting solid composites were characterized using XRD, XPS, BET, and Raman analyzers, and their ability to catalytically activate persulfate (S2O82-) was tested by conducting methyl orange (MO) degradation experiments. Co-pyrolysis of PVC and PMS at the same mass ratio (1:1) in CO2 resulted in the highest production of H2 and CO (0.36 mol % H2 at 480 °C & 1.53 mol % CO at 700 °C). The characterization results revealed that the composite consisted of Fe3O4, highly graphitic carbon, and mesoporous structure. In MO oxidation experiments, the co-pyrolyzed composite actively generated OH and SO4- by activating S2O82- to achieve complete removal of 5 mg L-1 of MO during 100 min at acidic-neutral pH condition. The composite was also able to complete 3 successive cycles of MO oxidation without deactivation. Consequently, the feasibility of achieving the simultaneous production of energy resources and catalyst via industrial wastes utilization in pyrolytic process was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihoon Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Cho
- Geological Environment Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, 124 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34132, Republic of Korea
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, Fl-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hocheol Song
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
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Comparison of Monovalent and Divalent Ions Removal from Aqueous Solutions Using Agricultural Waste Biochars Prepared at Different Temperatures-Experimental and Model Study. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165851. [PMID: 32824005 PMCID: PMC7461599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) occur naturally in the environment but have toxic effects on organisms at elevated concentrations. This paper discussed the removal of Cu and Ag from aqueous solutions using biochars obtained at different pyrolysis temperatures. Three biomass sources-sunflower husks (SH), a mixture of sunflower husks and rapeseed pomace (SR) and wood waste (WW)-were pyrolyzed at 300, 400 and 500 °C. Biochars produced at 500 °C exhibited a higher specific surface area, lower variable surface charge and lower contents of surface functional groups than those obtained at 400 or 300 °C. The pseudo-second-order model and intra-particle diffusion (IPD) model well-described the Cu and Ag adsorption kinetics. The Cu adsorption was about 1.48 times slower than the Ag adsorption on the biochars obtained at 500 °C. The model of Langmuir-Freundlich well-described the equilibrium adsorption. Agricultural biochars obtained at >500 °C had a surface with a higher affinity to attract Ag than Cu and were able to remove a larger amount of heavy metals from aqueous media than those prepared at lower pyrolysis temperatures.
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Xiang W, Zhang X, Chen J, Zou W, He F, Hu X, Tsang DCW, Ok YS, Gao B. Biochar technology in wastewater treatment: A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 252:126539. [PMID: 32220719 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a promising agent for wastewater treatment, soil remediation, and gas storage and separation. This review summarizes recent research development on biochar production and applications with a focus on the application of biochar technology in wastewater treatment. Different technologies for biochar production, with an emphasis on pre-treatment of feedstock and post treatment, are succinctly summarized. Biochar has been extensively used as an adsorbent to remove toxic metals, organic pollutants, and nutrients from wastewater. Compared to pristine biochar, engineered/designer biochar generally has larger surface area, stronger adsorption capacity, or more abundant surface functional groups (SFG), which represents a new type of carbon material with great application prospects in various wastewater treatments. As the first of its kind, this critical review emphasizes the promising prospects of biochar technology in the treatment of various wastewater including industrial wastewater (dye, battery manufacture, and dairy wastewater), municipal wastewater, agricultural wastewater, and stormwater. Future research on engineered/designer biochar production and its field-scale application is discussed. Based on the review, it can be concluded that biochar technology represents a new, cost effective, and environmentally-friendly solution for the treatment of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, 221018, China; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, 221018, China; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Mid-Florida Research & Education Center, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, 32703, USA
| | - Weixin Zou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Feng He
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Center of Material Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Centre & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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Muralikrishnan R, Jodhi C. Biodecolorization of Reactive Dyes Using Biochar Derived from Coconut Shell: Batch, Isotherm, Kinetic and Desorption Studies. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Muralikrishnan
- Research ScholarDepartment of Civil Engineering, Annamalai University Tamil Nadu India - 608002
| | - C. Jodhi
- Associate ProfessorDepartment of Civil Engineering, Annamalai University Tamil Nadu 608002 India
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Wei D, Li B, Luo L, Zheng Y, Huang L, Zhang J, Yang Y, Huang H. Simultaneous adsorption and oxidation of antimonite onto nano zero-valent iron sludge-based biochar: Indispensable role of reactive oxygen species and redox-active moieties. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 391:122057. [PMID: 32044627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The nano zero-valent iron sludge-based biochar (nZVI-SBC) was prepared in this study to eliminate Sb(III) from aqueous solutions, which was characterized by BET, SEM, XRD, TEM, FTIR, XPS. Our results proved that the incorporated nZVI on SBC matrix could significantly enhance eliminating Sb(III), and the max-adsorption capacity (160.40 mg g-1) can be achieved at pH = 4.8 ± 0.2 and temperature of 298 K. The effect of co-existing anions and natural organic matters on the Sb(III) adsorption efficiencies were systematically investigated. The surface complexation is the possible adsorption mechanisms by FTIR and XPS. Furthermore, mechanistic investigation revealed that •OH and hydroquinone radical (H-SQ•-) could be the primary oxidants for the transformation of Sb(III) under oxic conditions, while 9,10-phenanthrene quinone radical (P-SQ•-) were responsible under anoxic conditions. Thus, the enhanced elimination of Sb(III) from aqueous solution was ascribed to the combined adsorption and oxidation. The potential engineering application of nZVI-SBC can be proved through three actual water matrix experiments, including lake water, river water and acid mine drainage. Our present findings proved that nZVI-SBC could be a potential adsorbent, given the excellent performance in the adsorption processes, as well as the toxicity alleviating ability and economic advantages, especially under sub-surface water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongning Wei
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Bingyu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Lin Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Yongxin Zheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Liuhui Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hongli Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Zhang H, Lu T, Wang M, Jin R, Song Y, Zhou Y, Qi Z, Chen W. Inhibitory role of citric acid in the adsorption of tetracycline onto biochars: Effects of solution pH and Cu2+. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Fazal T, Razzaq A, Javed F, Hafeez A, Rashid N, Amjad US, Ur Rehman MS, Faisal A, Rehman F. Integrating adsorption and photocatalysis: A cost effective strategy for textile wastewater treatment using hybrid biochar-TiO 2 composite. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 390:121623. [PMID: 31753670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
TiO2 based photocatalysts are extensively used for textile wastewater treatment as they are ecofriendly, inexpensive, easily available, nontoxic and have higher photostabililty. However, their wider band gap, charge carrier's recombination, and utilization of light absorbance limits their performance. In the present work, a hybrid biochar-TiO2 composite (BCT) has been synthesized by a facile synthesis strategy to overcome these problems. These photocatalysts are characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), and photoluminescence (PL) to evaluate their crystallinity, morphology, functional groups, bandgap energy and charge separation properties, respectively. The photodegradation of simulated textile wastewater is analyzed using hybrid composites. The hybrid biochar-TiO2 composite showed higher charge separation, slow recombination of electron-hole pairs, and enhanced light absorption as compared to control (pure TiO2 and BC alone). 99.20 % photodegradation efficiency of dye-simulated wastewater is achieved employing optimum hybrid composite, while the pure biochar and TiO2 samples exhibits 85.20 % and 42.60 % efficiencies, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity is obtained for hybrid biochar-TiO2 sample, 74.30 mgg-1 in comparison to biochar (30.40 mgg-1) and pure TiO2 (1.50 mgg-1). The results show that hybrid biochar-TiO2 composites can perform in the target application of organic industrial pollutant removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Fazal
- Biorefinery Engineering and Microfluidics (BEAM) Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Razzaq
- Biorefinery Engineering and Microfluidics (BEAM) Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Fahed Javed
- Biorefinery Engineering and Microfluidics (BEAM) Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Ainy Hafeez
- Biorefinery Engineering and Microfluidics (BEAM) Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Naim Rashid
- Biorefinery Engineering and Microfluidics (BEAM) Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Ume Salma Amjad
- Biorefinery Engineering and Microfluidics (BEAM) Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saif Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan.
| | - Abrar Faisal
- Biorefinery Engineering and Microfluidics (BEAM) Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Rehman
- Biorefinery Engineering and Microfluidics (BEAM) Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan.
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Li B, Wei D, Li Z, Zhou Y, Li Y, Huang C, Long J, Huang H, Tie B, Lei M. Mechanistic insights into the enhanced removal of roxsarsone and its metabolites by a sludge-based, biochar supported zerovalent iron nanocomposite: Adsorption and redox transformation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 389:122091. [PMID: 31972529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Roxarsone is a phenyl-substituted arsonic acid comprising both arsenate and benzene rings. Few adsorbents are designed for the effective capture of both the organic and inorganic moieties of ROX molecules. Herein, nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) particles were incorporated on the surface of sludge-based biochar (SBC) to fabricate a dual-affinity sorbent that attracts both the arsenate and benzene rings of ROX. The incorporation of nZVI particles significantly increased the binding affinity and sorption capacity for ROX molecules compared to pristine SBC and pure nZVI. The enhanced elimination of ROX molecules was ascribed to synergetic adsorption and degradation reactions, through π-π* electron donor/acceptor interactions, H-bonding, and As-O-Fe coordination. Among these, the predominate adsorption force was As-O-Fe coordination. During the sorption process, some ROX molecules were decomposed into inorganic arsenic and organic metabolites by the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during the early stages of the reaction. The degradation pathways of ROX were proposed according to the oxidation intermediates. This work provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the design of adsorbents according to the structure of the target pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Li
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Irrigation Water Purification, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Dongning Wei
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Irrigation Water Purification, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Zhuoqing Li
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Irrigation Water Purification, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Yimin Zhou
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Irrigation Water Purification, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Yongjie Li
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Irrigation Water Purification, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Changhong Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Jiumei Long
- College of Life Sciences & Environment, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, 421008, PR China
| | - HongLi Huang
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Baiqing Tie
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Irrigation Water Purification, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Ming Lei
- College of Resource & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Irrigation Water Purification, Changsha, 410128, PR China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410128, PR China.
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Lyu H, Tang J, Cui M, Gao B, Shen B. Biochar/iron (BC/Fe) composites for soil and groundwater remediation: Synthesis, applications, and mechanisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125609. [PMID: 31911329 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Biochar/iron (BC/Fe) composites, such as nano zero-valent iron (nZVI)/BC, iron sulfide/BC, and iron oxide/BC, have been developed and applied to deal with various contaminants owing to their excellent physicochemical properties. This work summarizes the progress in the preparation of BC/Fe composites, the properties and applications of BC/Fe, and the mechanism of the synergistic effect between Fe and BC in the composites. Various methods, including pyrolysis, hydrothermal carbonization, fractional precipitation, and ball milling, have been used to synthesize BC/Fe composites. In addition, the introduction of stabilizers, such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), in the fractional precipitation process further prevents the agglomeration of Fe particles, which enhances the stability and fluidity of the resultant composites to facilitate the application of the composites in soil and water remediation. The application of BC/Fe composites in water and soil remediation is discussed in three aspects based on the interaction mechanisms, namely adsorption, reduction, and oxidation. Overall, the composites showed the synergistic effect of BC and Fe owing to the combination of the specific properties of Fe, such as reduction, catalysis, and magnetism, which can enhance the properties of BC with a larger surface area, abundant functional groups, and increased electron transfer efficiency. This review systemically summarizes the recent developments in BC/Fe composites to maximize the efficiency of BC/Fe application in soil and groundwater remediation. Key challenges and further research needs are also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Lyu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Mengke Cui
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
| | - Boxiong Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China.
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Gao Y, Champagne P, Blair D, He O, Song T. Activated persulfate by iron-based materials used for refractory organics degradation: a review. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 81:853-875. [PMID: 32541106 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on sulfate radicals (SRs) for organics degradation have become the focus of water treatment research as the oxidation ability of SRs are higher than that of hydroxyl radicals (HRs). Since the AOP-SRs can effectively mineralize organics into carbon dioxide and water under the optimized operating conditions, they are used in the degradation of refractory organics such as dyes, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and industrial additives. SRs can be produced by activating persulfate (PS) with ultraviolet, heat, ultrasound, microwave, transition metals, and carbon. The activation of PS in iron-based transition metals is widely studied because iron is an environmentally friendly and inexpensive material. This article reviews the mechanism and application of several iron-based materials, including ferrous iron (Fe2+), ferric iron (Fe3+), zero-valent iron (Fe0), nano-sized zero-valent iron (nFe0), materials-supported nFe0, and iron-containing compounds for PS activation to degrade refractory organics. In addition, the current challenges and perspectives of the practical application of PS activated by iron-based systems in wastewater treatment are analyzed and prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjiao Gao
- Department of Civil Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston K7 L 3N6, Canada and Beaty Water Research Centre, Queen's University, Kingston K7 L 3N6, Canada E-mail: ; College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Pascale Champagne
- Department of Civil Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston K7 L 3N6, Canada and Beaty Water Research Centre, Queen's University, Kingston K7 L 3N6, Canada E-mail:
| | - David Blair
- Department of Civil Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston K7 L 3N6, Canada and Beaty Water Research Centre, Queen's University, Kingston K7 L 3N6, Canada E-mail:
| | - Ouwen He
- Department of Civil Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston K7 L 3N6, Canada and Beaty Water Research Centre, Queen's University, Kingston K7 L 3N6, Canada E-mail: ; MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Engineering Centre for Cleaner Technology of Iron-steel Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Tiehong Song
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China
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Li R, Zhang Y, Deng H, Zhang Z, Wang JJ, Shaheen SM, Xiao R, Rinklebe J, Xi B, He X, Du J. Removing tetracycline and Hg(II) with ball-milled magnetic nanobiochar and its potential on polluted irrigation water reclamation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121095. [PMID: 31732339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of ball-milled magnetic nanobiochars (BMBCs) derived from wheat straw for adsorptive removal of tetracycline (TC) and Hg(II) from aqueous solution was assessed against that of pristine magnetic biochars (PMBCs). Ball milling conversion of PMBCs into BMBCs greatly improved TC and Hg(II) removal, and ≥ 99% TC and Hg(II) were adsorbed by BMBC prepared at 700 °C (BMBC700) within 12 h. The maximum adsorptive removal capacities of BMBC700 for TC and Hg(II) were 268.3 and 127.4 mg/g, respectively. The amounts of TC and Hg(II) removed by BMBC700 decreased gradually as the ionic strength of the solution increased, but increased as the solution temperature increased from 25 to 45 °C. The further FTIR and XPS analysis confirmed removal of TC was predominately regulated by the combination of electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, and Cπ-Cπ interaction, while, the adsorption of Hg(II) was mainly governed by several mechanisms, including electrostatic attractions, Hg-Cπ bond formation, and surface complexation. Overall, BMBC700 presented great potential for TC and Hg(II) removal from polluted irrigation water and exhibited acceptable recyclability performance as well as magnetic separation advantage in use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yichen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hongxia Deng
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Jim J Wang
- School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, 104 Sturgis Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - Ran Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, 104 Sturgis Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Beidou Xi
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Lab Environmental Criteria & Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiaosong He
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Lab Environmental Criteria & Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Juan Du
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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