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Abaatyo J, Twakiire G, Favina A, Munaru G, Rukundo GZ. Body image, eating distress and emotional-behavioral difficulties among adolescents in Mbarara, Southwestern Uganda. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1493. [PMID: 38835004 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18973-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents frequently have emotional and behavioral difficulties as they struggle with the challenges of transition from childhood to adulthood. Many struggle with issues of body image and eating distress as they deal with the difficult and frequently perplexing changes that occur with puberty. Yet there is surprisingly little research on the emotional and behavioral challenges, as well as body image and eating distress among this sizable population in Uganda. This study sought to assess attitudes and behaviors related to body image and eating distress, as well as emotional and behavioral difficulties among adolescents in Mbarara, Southwestern Uganda. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study among 788 adolescents aged 13 to 19 years in secondary schools in Mbarara city and Mbarara district in south-western Uganda. The study employed the Body Image and Eating Distress scale to assess attitudes and behaviors about dieting and body shape and the extended version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to assess for perceived emotional and behavioral difficulties. Logistic regression was used to identify the association between body image and eating distress and perceived difficulties. RESULTS The prevalence of high body image and eating distress was 10.8% while that of perceived emotional and behavioral difficulties was 45.8%. Some of the adolescents (16.1%) were dissatisfied with their body shape, 24.6% exercised a lot to avoid gaining weight, 15.0% were terrified to gain even a little weight, and 12.1% could not control their eating. More males reported eating large amounts of food at one time (p = < 0.001). Having emotional and behavioral difficulties (aOR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.18 - 3.02; p = 0.019) and coming from a two-parent household (aOR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.10 - 2.92; p = 0.019) increased the odds of high body image and eating distress. CONCLUSION High levels of body image and eating distress are linked to behavioral and emotional problems and adolescent's family structure. Clinicians who treat adolescents should use a holistic care strategy and be aware of the high prevalence and close association between emotional and behavioral difficulties, concerns about weight, and dieting. It is important to encourage parental involvement and support in providing information about mental health issues among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Abaatyo
- School of medicine, King Ceasor University, Kampala, Uganda.
- Department of Psychiatry, Uganda Christian University, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Godwin Twakiire
- African Center for Suicide Prevention and Research, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Alain Favina
- Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Gideon Munaru
- Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Godfrey Zari Rukundo
- African Center for Suicide Prevention and Research, Mbarara, Uganda
- Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
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Anaya C. Integrating context in the examination of pubertal timing effects on disordered eating among Black and Latinx girls. Int J Eat Disord 2024; 57:1096-1101. [PMID: 38353404 DOI: 10.1002/eat.24171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Earlier pubertal onset has been associated with increased disordered eating symptoms in cisgender girls. Although this finding has been replicated across studies of disordered eating, most studies have focused on white samples. The lack of studies is surprising given that early pubertal timing may impact disordered eating risk in Black and Latinx girls differently due to trends of earlier pubertal onset in these groups and increased stressors related to interpersonal and structural racism and economic marginalization. Current methods of examining pubertal timing among Black and Latinx girls may also not fully capture their experience. Contextual factors (e.g., neighborhood and school racial/ethnic composition) may influence how minoritized girls both perceive and are affected by their pubertal timing. Moreover, factors such as ethnic-racial identity development and experiences of discrimination may be important mechanisms explaining the association between pubertal timing and disordered eating risk. This paper aims to provide a brief overview of studies examining pubertal timing and disordered eating risk among Black and Latinx girls in the US and to discuss recommendations for future research that integrate contextual factors in the examination of pubertal timing and its effects. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE: Early pubertal timing has been associated with increased risk of disordered eating symptoms among cisgender girls; however, studies have been limited due to the use of predominantly white samples. The article provides a brief overview of findings related to pubertal timing effects among Black and Latinx girls, discusses considerations for the measurement of pubertal timing, and highlights the need for inclusion of contextual factors in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Anaya
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Usta Sağlam NG, Zengin K, Osmanlı Shirolu S, Sulu C, Kırpınar MM, Turan Ş. Disordered eating behaviors in gender-affirmative treatment seeking transgender people. Eat Disord 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38557398 DOI: 10.1080/10640266.2024.2336277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore disordered eating behaviors in gender-affirming treatment (GAT)-seeking transgender (TG) adults and cisgender people, in addition to analyzing the association between gender dysphoria intensity, body mass index, and disordered eating behaviors. Data were collected from 132 GAT-seeking TG people with gender dysphoria who had never received GAT (91 TG men, 41 TG women), and 153 cisgender (99 cisgender men, 54 cisgender women) participants from Turkey. The Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale was used to evaluate the intensity of gender dysphoria. Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire and Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-5 were utilized to assess disordered eating. There was no difference between TG women and TG men in terms of ED psychopathology. The most prominent characteristic in all four groups was shape concern, which was significantly higher in TG men and TG women when compared to cisgender men and cisgender women. Binge eating was notably more frequent in TG men and TG women compared to cisgender men, with 11% of the TG men and 7.3% of the TG women meeting the criteria for possible binge eating disorder. Screening for disordered eating behaviors, particularly binge eating, may be recommended in routine care for TG people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazife Gamze Usta Sağlam
- Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Kerem Zengin
- Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Sadiga Osmanlı Shirolu
- Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Cem Sulu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Mehmet Murat Kırpınar
- Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Şenol Turan
- Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye
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4
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Martin E, Cao M, Schulz KP, Hildebrandt T, Sysko R, Berner LA, Li X. Distinct Topological Properties of the Reward Anticipation Network in Preadolescent Children With Binge Eating Disorder Symptoms. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:S0890-8567(24)00120-5. [PMID: 38461893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few studies have considered the neural underpinnings of binge eating disorder (BED) in children, despite clinical and subclinical symptom presentation occurring in this age group. Symptom presentation at this age is of clinical relevance, as early onset of binge eating is linked to negative health outcomes. Studies in adults have highlighted dysfunction in the frontostriatal reward system as a potential candidate for binge eating pathophysiology, although the exact nature of such dysfunction is currently unclear. METHOD Data from 83 children (mean age 9.9 years, SD = 0.60) with symptoms of BED (57% girls) and 123 control participants (mean age 10.0 years, SD = 0.60) (52% girls) were acquired from the 4.0 baseline release of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. Task-based graph theoretic techniques were used to analyze data from anticipation trials of the monetary incentive delay task. Network and nodal properties were compared between groups. RESULTS The BED-S group showed alterations in topological properties associated with the frontostriatal subnetwork, such as reduced nodal efficiency in the superior frontal gyrus, nucleus accumbens, putamen, and in normal sex-difference patterns of these properties, such as diminished girls-greater-than-boys pattern of betweenness-centrality in nucleus accumbens observed in controls. CONCLUSION Distinct network properties and sex-difference patterns in preadolescent children with BED-S suggest dysregulation in the reward system compared to those of matched controls. For the first time, these results quantify this dysregulation in terms of systems-level properties during anticipation of monetary reward and significantly inform the early and sex-related brain markers of BED symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Martin
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New Jersey; New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Meng Cao
- New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Kurt P Schulz
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New Jersey
| | - Tom Hildebrandt
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New Jersey
| | - Robyn Sysko
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New Jersey
| | - Laura A Berner
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New Jersey
| | - Xiaobo Li
- New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey.
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5
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Mehta RK, Tyagi R. Managing Binge Eating Disorder in a Young Adolescent Female: Barriers to Treatment and Recommendations. Cureus 2024; 16:e54237. [PMID: 38371436 PMCID: PMC10869996 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Binge eating disorder (BED) is a behavioral disorder characterized by chronic and compulsive overeating. It is the most prevalent eating disorder in the USA, affecting almost 3% of the US population. In this study, we describe a case of BED in an adolescent Caucasian female who could not obtain specialized treatment because of financial constraints and saw a child and adolescent psychiatrist for medication management. Her treatment plan combined bupropion with family therapy and resulted in successful alleviation of her symptoms, allowing her to achieve a better quality of life. This case shows how pragmatism by PCPs can help manage patients who cannot obtain specialized care for their BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K Mehta
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, USA
| | - Rahul Tyagi
- Family Medicine, Leeds General Practitioner Confederation, Leeds, GBR
- Family Medicine, Royal College of General Practitioners, London, GBR
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Downey AE, Odette M, Sanders AE, Kuykendall M, Saunders E, Nagata JM, Forsberg S, Buckelew SM, Garber AK. What medical providers need to elevate outpatient care for adolescents and young adults with binge-eating disorder: A novel protocol. Int J Eat Disord 2024; 57:294-302. [PMID: 38130097 DOI: 10.1002/eat.24110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Binge-eating disorder (BED) in adolescents and young adults is underrecognized and understudied and no standardized guidelines exist for medical providers caring for this population. To highlight the lack of extant evidence, we examine the demographic characteristics of youth with BED in an academic eating disorders (EDs) program and primary care clinic and describe the needs of their medical care providers. METHOD A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients who met criteria for BED from July 2021 to June 2022. We surveyed their medical providers to understand their needs in caring for this population. A multidisciplinary team with expertise in the care of youth with EDs amalgamated current evidence in caring for youth with BED into a protocolized care schema designed for implementation in the outpatient medical setting. RESULTS Eighteen youth with BED were reviewed, 14 identified as female, 3 as male, and 1 as "Other." Average age was 15.4 (2.7) years old, and mean body mass index was 35.90 (8.25). 33.3% (6) patients identified as White/Caucasian, followed by 22.2% (4) Hispanic/Latinx. Eleven of 18 were privately insured. The most common medical recommendations were for regular meals and snacks and for individual psychotherapy. Medical providers desired more education about identification and management of youth with BED. CONCLUSIONS To address the lack of medical care guidelines for youth with BED, recommendations in this Forum include: increased education for medical providers, standardized medical monitoring, an emphasis on psychotherapy, and a weight-inclusive orientation. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE Adolescents and young adults with BED are underrecognized and undertreated. Little is known about the characteristics of these patients and the medical care these patients receive within academic EDs program. For the first time, preliminary recommendations for medical care are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E Downey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michelle Odette
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Austin E Sanders
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mikayla Kuykendall
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth Saunders
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jason M Nagata
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sarah Forsberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sara M Buckelew
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Andrea K Garber
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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7
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Tang YT, Liew JX, Chooi WT. Characteristics of Malaysian 16-year-old girls who reported regular binge eating episodes and the associated risk factors: a descriptive study. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2023; 35:411-422. [PMID: 37712612 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2023-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adolescents may suffer from binge eating (BE), that refers to consuming a large amount of food in a short period of time and accompanied by feelings of loss of control (LOC) over eating. This study compared the prevalence of BE between 16-year-old Malaysian girls from two types of public schools, Malay-English-medium and Chinese-Malay-English-medium schools. Additionally, this study identified associated risk factors of those who presented regular BE episodes, including LOC eating, anxiety, body mass index (BMI), body dissatisfaction (BD) and eating disorders (EDs) psychopathology. METHODS 398 participants completed self-reports assessing BE symptoms, LOC eating, state anxiety, trait anxiety, EDs psychopathology, and BD. They also reported heights and weights. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, chi-square tests, and Z-test for independent proportions were conducted. RESULTS There was no significant difference in either the prevalence of BE or EDs psychopathology between participants from the two types of schools. 71 (17.8 %) participants reported moderate-to-severe symptoms of BE, and 46 (11.6 %) reported moderate-to-severe levels of LOC eating. Those who reported moderate-to-severe symptoms of BE reported significantly higher levels of LOC eating, BD, drive to be thinner, BMI, state anxiety, and EDs psychopathology, compared to those who reported none-to-minimal BE. CONCLUSIONS BE and LOC eating appeared to be relatively common among secondary school girls in Malaysia. The relatively high prevalence of BE amongst adolescents in our sample highlighted the importance of early identification of signs for BE as preventive measures from developing EDs psychopathology among children and adolescents. We propose that attitudes towards eating and body image-related concerns should be included in school screenings aimed at preventing psychological problems in minors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Tang
- School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Jia Xian Liew
- School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Weng-Tink Chooi
- School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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8
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Yoon C, Mai D, Kinariwala K, Ledoux T, Betts R, Johnston C. Sex and ethnic/racial differences in disordered eating behaviors and intuitive eating among college student. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1221816. [PMID: 37790230 PMCID: PMC10543694 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1221816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Eating behaviors encompass disordered eating behaviors (e.g., overeating, binge eating, and associated symptoms of binge eating) and intuitive eating. Certain disordered eating behaviors, including binge eating, are more prevalent among female and ethnic/racial-minority college students than male and/or non-Hispanic White college students. However, sex and ethnic/racial differences among college students with other disordered eating (e.g., associated symptoms of binge eating) and intuitive eating behaviors remain unclear. Methods In 2022, 887 college students (Mage = 20.9 ± 2.6 years) self-reported their sex, ethnicity/race, disordered eating behaviors (e.g., overeating, binge eating, associated symptoms of binge eating), and intuitive eating. To examine sex and ethnic/racial differences among these students, we used modified Poisson regressions for students who reported disordered eating and linear regressions for students who reported intuitive eating. Results Except for overeating, disordered eating behaviors were more prevalent among female [adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 1.3-1.8] than male college students after adjusting for sociodemographic variables, whereas intuitive eating scores did not differ by sex. Across ethnic/racial groups, disordered eating was more prevalent among all ethnic/racial-minority college students (aPR = 1.2-2.3) than non-Hispanic White college students after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Moreover, non-Hispanic Black or African American college students had higher intuitive eating scores than non-Hispanic White college students (adjusted β = 0.7, 95% CI = -0.2, 1.6). Conclusion In our sample, notable differences emerged in the prevalence of disordered eating behaviors and mean scores by sex and ethnicity/race, while differences in intuitive eating scores emerged based on ethnicity/race.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Yoon
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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Bianchi D, Schinelli A, Fatta LM, Lonigro A, Lucidi F, Laghi F. Body image impact on quality of life and adolescents' binge eating: the indirect role of body image coping strategies. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:75. [PMID: 37707679 PMCID: PMC10501925 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01607-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The role of body image in adolescent binge eating is widely confirmed, albeit the various facets of this relationship are still mostly unexplored. Within the multidimensional body image framework, this study hypothesized the indirect effects of three body image coping strategies (positive rational acceptance, appearance fixing, avoidance) in the expected relationship between the perceived impact of body image on individuals' quality of life and binge eating symptoms. METHODS Participants were 715 adolescents aged 15-21 years (49.1% girls) recruited in Italian schools. An anonymous self-report online survey was administered. A multiple mediation model was tested. RESULTS A more positive perceived impact of body image on quality of life was a negative predictor of adolescents' binge eating, controlling for individual levels of body satisfaction. Three indirect effects were found in this relationship: on one hand, the positive body image impact reduced binge eating via increasing positive rational acceptance (M1), and via reducing avoidance (M2); on the contrary, the positive body image impact also enhanced binge eating via increasing appearance fixing (M3). CONCLUSIONS The body image impact on quality of life can be alternatively protective-when adaptive coping is solicited, and maladaptive strategies are reduced-or a risk factor, which may increase binge eating by soliciting appearance fixing. LEVEL III Evidence obtained from cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Bianchi
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Via Dei Marsi 78, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anthony Schinelli
- University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, USA
| | | | - Antonia Lonigro
- Department of Education Science, University of Rome Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Via Dei Marsi 78, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorenzo Laghi
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Via Dei Marsi 78, 00185, Rome, Italy
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Smith KE, Wang WL, Mason TB. Facets of impulsivity and reward in relation to binge-eating disorder course of illness among children: findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 64:1056-1066. [PMID: 36951577 PMCID: PMC10860341 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study examined facets of impulsivity and reward sensitivity [as measured by the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale and Behavioral Activation and Behavioral Inhibition Scales (BIS/BAS)] as multivariable predictors of subsequent binge-eating disorder (BED) course of illness in middle childhood. METHODS The current sample included children aged 9-10 years (N = 9,438) who took part in the baseline and 1-year follow-up assessments of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. BED course was operationalized as those who never developed BED or subthreshold BED (SBED) ('control'), were diagnosed with BED/SBED at year 1 but not baseline ('developers'), were diagnosed with BED/SBED at baseline but not year 1 ('remitters'), or were diagnosed with BED/SBED at both times ('maintainers'). RESULTS Higher baseline BIS/BAS reward responsivity scores were related to the greater likelihood of belonging to the maintainer group relative to the control and remitter groups (ORs1.12-1.19). Regarding covariates, higher baseline body mass index percentile and internalizing symptoms were related to the greater likelihood of BED development, remittance, and maintenance compared to the control group (ORs = 1.04-1.14); no variables were uniquely related to BED development. Exploratory analyses showed that the likelihood of belonging to the maintainer group compared to the control group was greatest at higher levels of negative urgency in combination with high reward responsivity. CONCLUSIONS Heightened reward responsivity may convey risk for poorer BED course in children, while emotional disorder symptomatology may act as a more general risk and maintenance factor for BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wei-Lin Wang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tyler B Mason
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Lanfredi M, Dagani J, Geviti A, Di Cosimo F, Bussolati M, Rillosi L, Albini D, Pizzi M, Ghidoni R, Fazzi E, Vita A, Rossi R. Risk and protective factors associated with mental health status in an Italian sample of students during the fourth wave of COVID-19 pandemic. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:78. [PMID: 37365640 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00615-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that the COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global health crisis, especially for young people. However, most studies were conducted during the first waves of the pandemic. Few Italian studies specifically attempted to broadly assess young people's mental health status during the fourth wave of the pandemic. METHODS This study aimed at evaluating the mental health status among a group of Italian adolescents and young adults during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. 11,839 high school students and 15,000 university students (age range 14-25) were asked to complete a multidimensional online survey, of which 7,146 (26,6%) agreed to participate. The survey also included standardized measures for depression, anxiety, anger, somatic symptoms, resilience, loneliness and post-traumatic growth. Two separate clusters were identified through cluster analysis. Random forest, classification tree and logistic regressions analyses were applied to identify factors associated to a good or a poor level of mental health and, thus, to define students' mental health profiles. RESULTS Overall, the students in our sample showed high levels of psychopathology. The clustering methods performed identified two separate clusters reflecting groups of students with different psychological features, that we further defined as "poor mental health" and "good mental health". The random forest and the logistic regressions found that the most discriminating variables among those two groups were: UCLA Loneliness Scale score, self-harm behaviors, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10 score, satisfaction with family relationships, Fear of COVID-19 Scale score, gender and binge eating behaviors. The classification tree analysis identified students' profiles, showing that, globally, poor mental health was defined by higher scores of loneliness and self-harm, followed by being of female gender, presenting binge eating behaviors and, finally, having unsatisfying family relationships. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study confirmed the major psychological distress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in a large sample of Italian students, and provided further insights regarding those factors associated with a good or poor mental health status. Our findings suggest the importance of implementing programs targeting aspects that have been found to be associated to a good mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Lanfredi
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni 4, 25125, Brescia, Italy
| | - Jessica Dagani
- SIPEC Foundation, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Section of Clinical and Dynamic Psychology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Geviti
- Service of Statistics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Di Cosimo
- USR Lombardia, Ufficio IV Ambito Territoriale di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Marina Pizzi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberta Ghidoni
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisa Fazzi
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Vita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberta Rossi
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni 4, 25125, Brescia, Italy.
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12
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Parker MN, Lavender JM, Schvey NA, Tanofsky-Kraff M. Practical Considerations for Using the Eating Disorder Examination Interview with Adolescents. Adolesc Health Med Ther 2023; 14:63-85. [PMID: 36860931 PMCID: PMC9969870 DOI: 10.2147/ahmt.s220102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 35 years after its initial publication, the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) remains one of the most widely used semi-structured interviews for assessing eating disorder diagnoses and symptomatology. Although the interview provides certain advantages over other common measurement approaches (ie, questionnaires), there are particular considerations regarding the EDE that warrant attention, including in its use with adolescents. The aims of this paper are therefore to: 1) provide a brief overview of the interview itself, as well as a description of its origin and underlying conceptual framework; 2) describe relevant factors for administering the interview with adolescents; 3) review potential limitations regarding use of the EDE with adolescents; 4) address considerations for using the EDE with pertinent subpopulations of adolescents who may experience distinct eating disorder symptoms and/or risk factors; and 5) discuss the integration of self-report questionnaires with the EDE. Advantages of using the EDE include the ability for interviewers to clarify complex concepts and mitigate inattentive responding, enhanced orientation to the interview timeframe to improve recall, increased diagnostic accuracy compared to questionnaires, and accounting for potentially salient external factors (eg, food/eating rules imposed by a parent/guardian). Limitations include more extensive training requirements, greater assessment burden, variable psychometric performance across subgroups, lack of items evaluating muscularity-oriented symptoms and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder diagnostic criteria, and lack of explicit consideration for salient risk factors other than weight and shape concerns (eg, food insecurity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan N Parker
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jason M Lavender
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA,Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, Bethesda, MD, USA,The Metis Foundation, San Antonio, TX, USA,Correspondence: Jason M Lavender, Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Program, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Building 17, Suite 2A, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA, Email
| | - Natasha A Schvey
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA,Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA,Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, Bethesda, MD, USA
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13
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Measuring adolescents' eating in the absence of hunger in the home environment using subjective and objective measures. Appetite 2023; 180:106354. [PMID: 36309230 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) has been identified as a behavioral phenotype for obesity. Few studies have reported on objective measures of EAH in adolescents, and fewer yet have objectively measured EAH in a naturalistic, home setting. The purpose of this paper was to examine relations between objective, adolescent-report and parent-report measures of EAH, and to examine variation by sex and race. Participants included 295 predominantly low-income and rural adolescents (mean age = 14.2 ± 0.6 years) and their parents, drawn from the Family Life Project. An EAH task was administered in the home following an ad-libitum meal and compulsory milkshake; EAH was also reported on a web-based survey (both adolescent and parent reports) and adolescents' BMIz was calculated from height and weight, measured in the home or self-reported on the web survey. A high degree of variability in EAH intake was observed (range = 8-741 kcals). Parent and adolescent reports of EAH were weakly correlated and unrelated to observed EAH consumption; only adolescent reports of EAH were related to their BMIz. Several relations varied by sex and race. Positive associations between reported and observed EAH was only observed in girls, and positive associations between observed EAH and BMI was only observed in boys and in white adolescents. Overall EAH consumption was significantly greater in boys and in white adolescents. These findings suggest that EAH can be measured in adolescents in the home. In this sample of youth experiencing rural poverty, this home-based measure appears most valid for white adolescent girls.
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14
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Hernández JC, Perez M, Hoek HW. Update on the epidemiology and treatment of eating disorders among Hispanic/Latinx Americans in the United States. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2022; 35:379-384. [PMID: 36093972 PMCID: PMC10317479 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review provides a 6-year update on the prevalence and treatment of eating disorders among Hispanic/Latinx Americans in the United States. RECENT FINDINGS Prevalence of eating disorders tends to be lower in Hispanic/Latinx American adolescents and adults relative to non-Hispanic White peers. Numerous risk factors for disordered eating symptoms have been identified, including negative body image, depression, sexual assault and culturally specific risk factors, including ethnic discrimination and acculturative stress. Hispanic/Latinx individuals seek treatment less often with the most influential barriers being cost of treatment, eating disorder stigma, eating disorder shame and mental health shame in general. Limited research on the treatment for eating disorders continue to persist. Culturally adapted cognitive behavioural therapy yielded similar outcomes to traditional cognitive behaviour therapy and had better treatment adherence and retention rates. SUMMARY The medical and sociopolitical climate of the United States has changed significantly since our previous review. The need for research on the effectiveness of eating disorder treatments for Hispanic/Latinx Americans remains important for one of the fastest growing populations in the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Hernández
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Marisol Perez
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Hans W. Hoek
- Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center of Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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15
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Zhou JC, Rifas-Shiman SL, Haines J, Jones K, Oken E. Adolescent overeating and binge eating behavior in relation to subsequent cardiometabolic risk outcomes: a prospective cohort study. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:140. [PMID: 36100924 PMCID: PMC9472357 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00660-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge eating disorder is bidirectionally associated with obesity and with metabolic syndrome. It is less clear whether overeating and binge eating, or overeating with loss of control, also predicts metabolic risk, and if so, whether these associations are solely attributable to greater weight. The goal of this study was to examine longitudinal associations of overeating and binge eating behavior with cardiometabolic risk markers in adolescence. METHODS Adolescents (n = 619) in the Project Viva research study self-reported overeating and binge eating behavior in early adolescence (median 12.9 years, "baseline"). In late adolescence (median 17.4 years, "follow-up"), we assessed outcomes of adiposity and blood pressure, and in a subset of participants (n = 270-424), biomarkers of dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, liver dysfunction, inflammation, and adipokine homeostasis. We conducted multivariable linear regression analyses adjusted for socio-demographics and prenatal obesogenic exposures, and additionally for baseline body mass index (BMI) z-score. RESULTS At baseline, 58 (9%) participants reported overeating behavior, and of those, 24 (41%) had binge eating behavior (e.g., overeating accompanied by loss of control). In adjusted models, adolescents with overeating had higher adiposity at follow-up ~ 5 years later (e.g., % body fat 4.03; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.76, 6.31) than those not reporting overeating behavior; additional adjustment for baseline BMI z-score attenuated associations generally except for % body fat (2.95; 95% CI 1.03, 4.87). Overeating behavior was also associated with higher inflammation and greater adipokine dysfunction, remaining positively associated with interleukin-6 (IL-6) (log-transformed β = 0.42 pg/mL; 95% CI 0.12, 0.73) and negatively with adiponectin (log-transformed β = -0.28 ug/mL; 95% CI - 0.47, - 0.08) even after adjusting for baseline BMI z-score. Overeating behavior was not consistently associated with other outcomes. Adolescents reporting binge eating behavior generally had the greatest adiposity, (e.g., % body fat 5.00; 95% CI 1.74, 8.25) as compared to those without overeating. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents reporting overeating and binge eating behavior had higher adiposity and poorer inflammatory and adipokine profiles, but no difference in other outcomes, than adolescents who did not endorse these behaviors. These associations were only partially accounted for by higher baseline BMI z-score. These differences may signal increased risk for future cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce C Zhou
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 401 Park Drive, Suite 401 East, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jess Haines
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Kathryn Jones
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 401 Park Drive, Suite 401 East, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 401 Park Drive, Suite 401 East, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. .,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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16
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Efrati Y, Kolubinski DC, Marino C, Spada MM. Early Maladaptive Schemas are Associated with Adolescents’ Substance and Behavioral Addictions. JOURNAL OF RATIONAL-EMOTIVE AND COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10942-022-00478-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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17
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Zhan C, Heatherington L, Klingenberg B. Disordered eating- and exercise-related behaviors and cognitions during the first year college transition. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:852-863. [PMID: 32730728 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1775608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ObjectiveDuring the college transition, vulnerability to disordered eating and exercise behaviors and cognitions may increase. We studied how behaviors and cognitions change differentially over time, in the context of gender, athletic participation, and contingencies of self-worth. Participants: 229 diverse, first-year students at a competitive liberal arts college. Methods: Three-wave longitudinal study employing surveys before, during, and following the first semester, using linear mixed model analyses. Results: There were changes over time in one measure of disordered exercise-related cognitions and exercise frequency; disordered eating showed no significant changes over time. Athletic participation and basing a lower amount of self-worth on appearance were protective against subclinical disordered cognitions and behaviors; gender was not predictive. Conclusion: Health personnel should consider athletic participation and contingencies of self-worth when assessing students' risk for ED symptoms, in both genders. Early interventions may be useful, as changes were observed within the first three months of college.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanel Zhan
- School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Bernhard Klingenberg
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Williams College, Williamstown, MA, USA
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18
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Goldschmidt AB, Mason TB, Smith KE, Egbert AH, Engel ESG, Haedt-Matt A. Typology of eating episodes in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. Eat Behav 2022; 44:101596. [PMID: 35091193 PMCID: PMC8885845 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2022.101596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests that youth with overweight/obesity can be subtyped according to disinhibited eating tendencies. No research has attempted to subtype classes of eating episodes along sensational, psychological, and hedonic dimensions. METHODS Youth (N = 39; 55% female) aged 8-14 y with overweight/obesity completed a 2-week ecological momentary assessment protocol in which they reported on all eating episodes and their sensational, environmental, affective, and interpersonal contexts. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to classify episodes based on loss of control (LOC) while eating, self-reported overeating, food palatability, hunger, and cravings. Classes were compared on affective, interpersonal, appearance-related, and environmental correlates using Wald chi-square tests. RESULTS LPA identified three classes of eating episodes involving high levels of LOC/self-reported overeating ("binge-like" class), low levels of hunger ("eating-in-the-absence-of-hunger" class), and high hunger and cravings ("appetitive eating" class). Binge-like eating was associated with the highest levels of body dissatisfaction, interpersonal distress, and positive affect, and was most likely to occur in the after-school hours. CONCLUSIONS Binge-like eating tends to occur in a psychological context relative to other types of eating episodes in youth with overweight/obesity. Future research should explore whether certain classes of eating episodes are associated with distinct weight trajectories over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea B. Goldschmidt
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center/The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Tyler B. Mason
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kathryn E. Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Amy H. Egbert
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center/The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - E. Scott G. Engel
- Department of Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research, Fargo, ND,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Alissa Haedt-Matt
- Department of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
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19
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Holmberg TT, Sainte-Marie M, Jensen EK, Linnet J, Runge E, Lichtenstein MB, Tarp K. An analysis of patient motivation for seeking online treatment for binge eating disorder-A mixed methods study combining systematic text condensation with sentiment analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:969115. [PMID: 36405908 PMCID: PMC9672086 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.969115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Online treatment for binge eating disorder (BED) is an easily available option for treatment compared to most standard treatment procedures. However, little is known about how motivation types characterize this population and how these impact treatment adherence and effect in an online setting. Therefore, we aimed to investigate a sample of written motivation statements from BED patients, to learn more about how treatment and online treatment in particular, presents in this population. METHODS Using self-determination theory in a mixed methods context, we investigated which types of motivation were prevalent in our sample, how this was connected with patient sentiment, and how these constructs influence treatment and adherence. RESULTS Contrary to what most current literature suggests, we found that in our sample (n = 148), motivation type was not connected with treatment outcome. We did find a strong association between sentiment scores and motivation types, indicating the model is apt at detecting effects. We found that when comparing an adult and young adult population, they did not differ in motivation type and the treatment was equally effective in young adults and adults. In the sentiment scores there was a difference between sentiment score and adherence in the young adult group, as the more positive the young adults were, the less likely they were to complete the program. DISCUSSION Because motivation type does not influence online treatment to the same degree as it would in face-to-face treatment it indicates that the typical barriers to treatment may be less crucial in an online setting. This should be considered during intake; as less motivated patients may be able to adhere better to online treatment, because the latter imposes fewer barriers of the kind that only strong motivation can overcome. The fact that motivation type and sentiment score of the written texts are strongly associated, indicate a potential for automated models to detect motivation based on sentiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine Theresa Holmberg
- Research Unit for Digital Psychiatry, Center for Digital Psychiatry, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maxime Sainte-Marie
- Department of Political Science, Danish Center for Studies in Research and Research Policy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Esben Kjems Jensen
- Research Unit for Digital Psychiatry, Center for Digital Psychiatry, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jakob Linnet
- Research Unit for Digital Psychiatry, Center for Digital Psychiatry, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Clinic on Gambling- and Binge Eating Disorder, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Eik Runge
- Research Unit for Digital Psychiatry, Center for Digital Psychiatry, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mia Beck Lichtenstein
- Research Unit for Digital Psychiatry, Center for Digital Psychiatry, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kristine Tarp
- Research Unit for Digital Psychiatry, Center for Digital Psychiatry, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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20
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Munsch S, Forrer F, Naas A, Mueller V, Rubo M, Hannoun F, Mugellini E. Correlates of interpersonal emotion regulation problems in Loss of Control eating (LOC) in youth: study protocol of the combined online and App based questionnaire, laboratory and randomized controlled online intervention i-BEAT trial. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:193. [PMID: 34895337 PMCID: PMC8666071 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00690-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge Eating Disorder (BED) represents a common eating disorder associated with marked health impairments. A subclinical variant, loss of control eating (LOC) is prevalent in youth. LOC is associated with similar mental distress as full-blown BED, increases the risk to develop a BED and promotes continuous weight gain. The etiology of LOC is not yet fully understood and specialized treatment for youth is scarce. METHODS The i-BEAT study includes a cross-sectional and longitudinal online questionnaire study (N = 600), an App based daily-life approach and a laboratory virtual reality study in N = 60 youths (14-24 years) with and without LOC as well as a controlled randomized online treatment trial to investigate the feasibility, acceptance and efficacy of a CBT and an interpersonal emotion regulation module for youth (N = 120). The primary outcomes include self-reported as well as measured (heart rate variability, gaze behavior, reaction times in stop signal task) associations between emotion regulation problems (such as dealing with RS), psychological impairment and binge eating in a healthy control group and youth with LOC. Secondary outcomes encompass general eating disorder pathology, social anxiety, body mass index, hyperscanning behavior and therapists' rating of patients' condition pre and post treatment. Epigenetic correlates of RS are assessed in healthy controls and youth with LOC and explored before and after treatment. DISCUSSION The expected findings will specify the role of interpersonal emotion regulation problems such as coping with the experience of social exclusion and rejection sensitivity (RS) in LOC and clarify, whether including a training to cope with RS adds to the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT). TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trial Register: DRKS00023706. Registered 27 November 2020, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00023706.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Munsch
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Rue P.-A.-de-Faucigny 2, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Felicitas Forrer
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Rue P.-A.-de-Faucigny 2, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Naas
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Rue P.-A.-de-Faucigny 2, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Verena Mueller
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Rue P.-A.-de-Faucigny 2, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marius Rubo
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Rue P.-A.-de-Faucigny 2, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Fouad Hannoun
- Technology for Human Well-Being Institute (HumanTech), University of Applied Sciences of Western Switzerland, Boulevard de Pérolles 80, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Elena Mugellini
- Technology for Human Well-Being Institute (HumanTech), University of Applied Sciences of Western Switzerland, Boulevard de Pérolles 80, Fribourg, Switzerland
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21
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Body dissatisfaction and ethnic identity are associated with loss of control eating among young adult African American men. Eat Behav 2021; 43:101578. [PMID: 34768130 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
African American men are rarely the focus of attention in investigations of loss of control (LOC) eating. Theory and extant data support a robust link between body dissatisfaction and LOC eating behaviors in women. Ethnic identity may buffer this association, as the degree to which racially and ethnically diverse women identify with their ethnic group has been shown to decrease the relevancy of the Western culture body ideal, thereby decreasing disordered eating pathology. These associations have not been evaluated in African American men. The current study examined the link between body dissatisfaction and LOC eating frequency in 261 young African American men (1830 years old). Ethnic identity was evaluated as an independent variable and as a putative moderator. After adjusting for income, education, and body mass index, body dissatisfaction was significantly and positively associated with LOC eating frequency (p < .001). Ethnic identity did not function as a significant moderator (p = .84) but was significantly and inversely associated with LOC eating frequency (p < .001). Although longitudinal studies are needed, these data suggest that there may be multiple pathways through which young African American men engage in LOC eating. Similar to extant research with women and other ethnic groups, body dissatisfaction appears to play a role in the LOC eating of African American men. Additional research is needed to clarify the nature of the association between ethnic identity and LOC eating in this population.
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22
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Cella S, Cipriano A, Aprea C, Cotrufo P. Risk factors for binge eating severity among adolescent girls and boys. A structural equation modeling approach. Appetite 2021; 169:105825. [PMID: 34826528 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parental bonding, low self-esteem, emotion dysregulation, and eating style are correlated with each other and are associated with binge eating among adolescents. However, no studies have yet examined all these variables simultaneously. In the current study, the independent and combined influences of such constructs on binge eating were tested with structural equation modeling. METHOD A sample of 973 students aged between 12 and 16 (M = 14.17, SD = 1.25) years was screened by means of self-report measures assessing parental bonding, self-esteem, emotion dysregulation, eating styles and binge eating severity. RESULTS Self-esteem (β = -0.205) and eating styles (emotional β = 0.313, external β = 0.133, and restrained β = 0.178) had a direct effect on binge eating severity. The model (χ2(22) = 57.679; RMSEA = 0.041; CFI = 0.987; TLI = 0.949; SRMR = 0.024) revealed that the paths from both maternal and paternal care and maternal overprotection to binge eating were mediated through low self-esteem, emotion dysregulation and each eating style, explaining 35% of the variance. DISCUSSION Findings provide support for a comprehensive theoretical-based model of risk factors for binge eating and suggest the possible mechanisms through which the quality of early parental relationships contribute to developing dysfunctional eating patterns. Treatment and prevention efforts should improve self-esteem and emphasize emotion regulation capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Cella
- Observatory on Eating Disorders, Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
| | - Annarosa Cipriano
- Observatory on Eating Disorders, Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Cristina Aprea
- Observatory on Eating Disorders, Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Paolo Cotrufo
- Observatory on Eating Disorders, Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
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23
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Mikhail ME, Anaya C, Culbert KM, Sisk CL, Johnson A, Klump KL. Gonadal Hormone Influences on Sex Differences in Binge Eating Across Development. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2021; 23:74. [PMID: 34613500 PMCID: PMC8576863 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-021-01287-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Binge eating is a transdiagnostic symptom that disproportionately affects females. Sexually dimorphic gonadal hormones (e.g., estradiol, testosterone) substantially impact eating behavior and may contribute to sex differences in binge eating. We examine recent evidence for the role of gonadal hormones in binge eating risk across development. RECENT FINDINGS Both organizational (long-lasting impact on the central nervous system (CNS)) and activational (transient influences on the CNS) hormone effects may contribute to sex differences in binge eating. Gonadal hormones also impact within-sex variability in binge eating, with higher estradiol levels in females and higher testosterone levels in males protective across development. Emerging evidence suggests that the impact of gonadal hormones may be greatest for people with other risk factors, including genetic, temperamental (e.g., high negative affect), and psychosocial (e.g., exposure to weight-based teasing) risk. Gonadal hormones contribute to sex differences and within-sex variability in binge eating across development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Mikhail
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, 316 Physics Rd., Room 107B, East Lansing, MI, 48824-1116, USA
| | - Carolina Anaya
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, 316 Physics Rd., Room 107B, East Lansing, MI, 48824-1116, USA
| | - Kristen M. Culbert
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Cheryl L. Sisk
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Alexander Johnson
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kelly L. Klump
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, 316 Physics Rd., Room 107B, East Lansing, MI, 48824-1116, USA,Corresponding author:
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Larson N, Loth KA, Eisenberg ME, Hazzard VM, Neumark-Sztainer D. Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating are prevalent problems among U.S. young people from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds: Findings from the EAT 2010-2018 study. Eat Behav 2021; 42:101535. [PMID: 34214761 PMCID: PMC8380709 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating are linked to adverse health consequences. Research describing socioeconomic patterns in the prevalence of these problems is important for informing the design of health services and efforts to improve health equity. METHODS Population-based cohort study (EAT 2010-2018: Eating and Activity over Time) of socioeconomically and ethnically/racially diverse U.S. young people who completed surveys as adolescents in 2009-2010 (mean age = 14.5 years) and as emerging adults in 2018 (mean age = 22.0 years). Participants were recruited from 20 schools in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota. Household socioeconomic status was determined using adolescent report of parental education, employment, and public assistance benefits. Analyses were conducted using data from 1531 participants and regression models that accounted for repeated measures within individuals. RESULTS Among females, high body dissatisfaction and unhealthy weight control behaviors (e.g., skipping meals) were more prevalent and regular use of lifestyle weight management behaviors (e.g., exercise) was less prevalent in the low SES group as compared to the middle and/or upper SES groups (p ≤ .010). Among males, thinness-oriented dieting, unhealthy weight control behaviors, and extreme weight control behaviors (e.g., taking diet pills) were all more prevalent in the low SES group as compared to the middle and/or upper SES groups (p ≤ .010). Few differences were observed across SES groups in models that adjusted for ethnic/racial identity and body mass index. CONCLUSIONS There is a need for greater attention to the reach and relevance of efforts to prevent disordered eating and improve body satisfaction to ensure efforts benefit young people across SES groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Larson
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Suite 300, 1300 South Second Street, Minneapolis, MN 55454, United States of America.
| | - Katie A Loth
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Room 420, 717 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States of America.
| | - Marla E Eisenberg
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, University of Minnesota, Room 385, 717 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America.
| | - Vivienne M Hazzard
- Sanford Center for Biobehavioral Research, 120 Eighth St S, Fargo, ND 58103, United States of America.
| | - Dianne Neumark-Sztainer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Suite 300, 1300 South Second Street, Minneapolis, MN 55454, United States of America.
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Cella S, Cipriano A, Aprea C, Cotrufo P. Self-Esteem and Binge Eating among Adolescent Boys and Girls: The Role of Body Disinvestment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147496. [PMID: 34299947 PMCID: PMC8304970 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although low self-esteem and body disinvestment have been recognized as potential risk factors for disordered eating, no studies have explored how these factors may work together to predict binge eating in adolescents. Therefore, we hypothesized a path model for girls and boys separately to investigate whether the body’s investment dimensions (feelings towards the body, physical touch, body care, body protection) mediate the relationship between self-esteem and binge eating, and age moderate such relationships. Participants were 1046 Italian students aged between 11 and 19 years (472 girls, Mage = 14.17; 574 boys, Mage = 14.60) screened through self-report measures. Both models showed an acceptable fit (males: χ2(22) = 30.441; RMSEA = 0.026; CFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.97; SRMR = 0.023; females: χ2(22) = 34.723; RMSEA = 0.35; CFI = 0.98; TLI = 0.95; SRMR = 0.029). Negative body feelings and reduced body protection fully mediated the relationship between self-esteem and binge eating, regardless of gender. Our findings highlight the importance of interventions promoting body emotional investment to reduce adolescents’ vulnerability to binge eating.
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26
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Simone M, Scodes J, Mason T, Loth K, Wall MM, Neumark-Sztainer D. Shared and non-shared risk and protective factors of binge eating and binge drinking from adolescence to young adulthood. J Health Psychol 2021; 26:805-817. [PMID: 31014132 PMCID: PMC6813845 DOI: 10.1177/1359105319844588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the shared and non-shared behavioral, sociocultural, and personal risk factors underlying binge eating and binge drinking among a sample (n = 1764) of participants from Project EAT at baseline and 10-year follow-up. Longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses revealed a range of risk factors associated with binge eating and binge drinking at 10 years, which varied by gender. The results revealed that risks associated with binge eating and binge drinking often differed, and thus full-scale dual preventive interventions for concurrent binge eating and binge drinking may be less effective. However, general prevention and intervention programs may emphasize shared risk factors.
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27
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Smith KE, Luo S, Mason TB. A systematic review of neural correlates of dysregulated eating associated with obesity risk in youth. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 124:245-266. [PMID: 33587960 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated eating among children and adolescents is associated with a wide range of negative mental and physical health outcomes, including obesity. However, less is known regarding underlying neural mechanisms underlying such behaviors. Therefore, the present manuscript systematically reviewed neuroimaging research examining dysregulated eating behavior linked to excess weight in children and adolescents. A systematic literature search identified 23 eligible studies, the majority of which were cross-sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies and excluded participants with psychiatric disorders. Dysregulated eating was captured by measures of eating styles and eating self-regulation, eating disorder behaviors, food addiction, objective measures of non-homeostatic eating and caloric restriction. While preliminary, findings suggested eating dysregulation was related to aberrant functioning within the frontostriatal and frontoparietal regions involved in self-regulatory processes, as well as regions involved in satiety signaling and interoception. This heterogeneous body of research is continually growing and may have potential to inform future prevention and intervention approaches. Results also identified several important limitations to consider and highlight key areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - Shan Luo
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tyler B Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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28
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Prevalence and Correlates of Disinhibited Eating in Youth from Marginalized Racial/Ethnic Groups. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-020-00347-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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29
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Kauffman BY, Shepherd JM, Bakhshaie J, Zvolensky MJ. Anxiety sensitivity in relation to eating expectancies among college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2021; 69:90-94. [PMID: 31498752 PMCID: PMC7061056 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1656216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Disordered eating is highly prevalent on college campuses and is associated with a host of negative outcomes. To better understand the nature of disordered eating, it is important to examine motivational processes that guide eating behavior. Participants: Participants were a diverse sample of 1,589 college students (80.4% females; Mage=22.2 years, SD = 5.27). Methods: This study examined anxiety sensitivity, a transdiagnostic vulnerability factor, as a predictor of eating expectancies. Results: Results indicated that higher levels of anxiety sensitivity was associated with greater levels of expectancies of eating to help manage negative affect, expectancies of eating to alleviate boredom, and expectancies of eating to lead to feeling out of control. Results were observed over and above variance accounted for by gender, race/ethnicity, and negative affectivity. Conclusions: These findings suggest that college students with higher anxiety sensitivity may have a greater risk for maladaptive eating expectancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jafar Bakhshaie
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, United States
| | - Michael J. Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, United States
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
- Health Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
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30
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Mennies RJ, Birk SL, Norris LA, Olino TM. The Main and Interactive Associations between Demographic Factors and Psychopathology and Treatment Utilization in Youth: A Test of Intersectionality in the ABCD Study. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2020; 49:5-17. [PMID: 32737734 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-020-00687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Demographic factors may be associated with youth psychopathology due to social-contextual factors that may also pose barriers to intervention. Further, in line with intersectionality theory, youth with multiple non-dominant identities may be most likely to experience psychopathology and face barriers to care. This study examined rates of parent-reported psychopathology and mental health treatment utilization as a function of several demographic characteristics (in isolation and in concert) in a population-based, demographically diverse sample of 11,875 9- to 10-year-old youth. Results indicated most consistently that lower SES was associated with greater rates of psychopathology and greater likelihood of treatment utilization; that Asian American youth (relative to all other racial groups) and Hispanic/Latinx (relative to non-Hispanic/Latinx) youth were less likely to have a history of psychopathology or to have utilized treatment; and that male youth had greater rates of lifetime Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) and were more likely to have utilized treatment. There was more modest support for interactive effects between demographic factors on psychopathology, which are discussed. The present study provides some support for differential rates of parent-reported psychopathology and treatment utilization as a function of demographic identities in youth. Potential explanations for these differences (e.g., cultural differences in symptom presentation; underreporting of symptoms) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah J Mennies
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 N. 13th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
| | - Samantha L Birk
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 N. 13th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Lesley A Norris
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 N. 13th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Thomas M Olino
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 N. 13th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
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31
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Vafai Y, Thoma ME, Steinberg JR. Association Between First Depressive Episode in the Same Year as Sexual Debut and Teenage Pregnancy. J Adolesc Health 2020; 67:239-244. [PMID: 32268997 PMCID: PMC7934530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine whether the timing of depression onset relative to age at sexual debut is associated with teenage pregnancy. METHODS Using data from 1,025 adolescent girls who reported having had sex in the National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescent Supplement, we applied cox proportional hazards models to test whether depression onset before first sex, at the same age as first sex, or after first sex compared with no depression onset was associated with experiencing a first teenage pregnancy. We examined the unadjusted risk by depression status as well as risk adjusted for adolescents' race/ethnicity, marital status, poverty level, whether the adolescent lived in a metropolitan area, living status, age at first sex, parental education, and age of mother when the adolescent was born. RESULTS In both unadjusted and adjusted models, we found that adolescents with depression onset at the same age as having initiated sex were at an increased risk of experiencing a teenage pregnancy (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-5.96; adjusted HR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.15-6.34) compared with those with no depression onset. Moreover, compared with those with no depression onset, the risk of pregnancy for girls experiencing depression onset before first sex also increased but was not significant (adjusted HR = 1.5, 95% CI: .82-2.76). CONCLUSIONS Timing of first depressive episode relative to age at first sexual intercourse plays a critical role in determining the risk of teenage pregnancy. Timely diagnosis and treatment of depression may not only help adolescents' mental well-being but may also help them prevent teenage pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassaman Vafai
- Maternal and Child Health Program, Department of Family Science, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, Maryland.
| | - Marie E. Thoma
- Maternal and Child Health Program; Department of Family Science; University of Maryland School of Public Health; College Park, MD, U.S.A
| | - Julia R. Steinberg
- Maternal and Child Health Program; Department of Family Science; University of Maryland School of Public Health; College Park, MD, U.S.A
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32
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Pluhar EI, Abdullah S, Burton ET. Endorsement of Binge Eating Symptoms in a Sample of Predominantly Non-Hispanic Black Adolescents. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2020; 59:766-772. [PMID: 32274933 DOI: 10.1177/0009922820915897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Binge eating disorder (BED) as well as individual subthreshold binge eating symptoms are related to deleterious physical and socioemotional outcomes among adolescents. The present study examined the prevalence of specific binge eating behaviors among a sample of primarily non-Hispanic Black outpatients presenting to weight management and endocrinology clinics. Analyses are based on 103 adolescents (69.9% female, 66.9% non-Hispanic Black) who endorsed one or more binge eating symptoms on a nonstandardized clinical assessment patterned after Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria. The most commonly endorsed symptom was eating in excess of what is considered normal (71.8%), while least commonly endorsed symptoms included guilt, distress, and embarrassment due to overeating (17.5% to 26.2%). More than half of the participants endorsed multiple specific binge eating symptoms. The level of subthreshold symptomatology reported underscores the importance of developmental and cultural tailoring of prevention and intervention efforts to address these behaviors as a means of curbing clinical-level onset of BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily I Pluhar
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Syidah Abdullah
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - E Thomaseo Burton
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.,Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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33
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Nutritional problems in childhood and adolescence: a narrative review of identified disparities. Nutr Res Rev 2020; 34:17-47. [PMID: 32329426 DOI: 10.1017/s095442242000013x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To inform programmes and policies that promote health equity, it is essential to monitor the distribution of nutritional problems among young individuals. Common nutritional problems include overall low diet quality, the underconsumption and overconsumption of certain dietary components, unhealthy meal and snack patterns, problematic feeding practices and disordered eating. The objective of the present narrative review was to summarise recent evidence of disparities among US children (2-19 years) according to age, sex, socio-economic status, ethnicity/race and rural-urban location. Searches in PubMed® and MEDLINE® were completed to identify peer-reviewed research studies published between January 2009 and January 2019. Findings from the ninety-nine reviewed studies indicate adolescent females, young individuals from lower socio-economic households and individuals who identify as non-Hispanic Black race are particularly vulnerable populations for whom targeted strategies should be developed to address evidence of increased risk with regards to multiple aspects of nutritional wellbeing. Limitations of the existing evidence relate to the accuracy of self-reported dietary data; the need for consistent definitions of disordered eating; the focus on individual dietary components v. patterns; the complexities of categorising socio-economic status, ethnicity/race, and rural and urban areas; and the cross-sectional, observational nature of most research designs. There is an urgent need for research to address these limitations and fill a large gap in evidence on rural-urban differences in nutritional problems. It will further be important for future studies to build greater understanding of how nutritional problems cluster among population groups.
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34
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Dmitrzak-Węglarz M, Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor M, Duda J, Paszyńska E, Matuszak-Wojciechowska L, Hanć T, Bryl E, Mamrot P, Dutkiewicz A, Słopień A. Abnormal body weight and food-related behavior in school-aged children as measured by the Children's Binge Eating Disorder Scale. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2020; 25:304-319. [PMID: 31530182 DOI: 10.1177/1359104519871335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity in children is becoming a global epidemic. Health and emotional consequences can threaten life and health both during childhood and adulthood. In this study, we aimed to assess the coexistence of overweight and obesity, binge eating disorder and detrimental attitudes toward nutrition among school-age children. We also aimed to determine the usefulness of the Children's Binge Eating Disorder Scale (C-BEDS) as a screening tool. We examined a group of over 550 healthy children aged 6-12. In all, 15% were overweight, and 6% were obese. A total of 12% of the children presented an increased risk of eating disorders. The examined group of children significantly differed in the number of positive C-BEDS responses compared with the authors of the test. Test reliability as measured by the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was .008. Preliminary results indicate that the problem of excessive body weight affects every fifth child, consistent with previous reports. The C-BEDS used in this study did not permit the identification of children, neither with the risk of Binge Eating Disorder (BED) nor subthreshold BED. This may be due to the relatively low internal consistency of the questions contained in the scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dmitrzak-Węglarz
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Duda
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Paszyńska
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Hanć
- Department of Human Biological Development, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland
| | - Ewa Bryl
- Department of Human Biological Development, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland
| | - Paula Mamrot
- Department of Human Biological Development, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Anthropology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland
| | - Agata Dutkiewicz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Słopień
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
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35
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Kamody RC, Thurston IB, Burton ET. Acceptance-based skill acquisition and cognitive reappraisal in a culturally responsive treatment for binge eating in adolescence. Eat Disord 2020; 28:184-201. [PMID: 32151205 DOI: 10.1080/10640266.2020.1731055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Emotional overeating, or eating in excess to soothe negative emotions, is a high-risk behavior for the future development of the binge-eating disorder (BED). The Emotional Overeating Intervention (EOI) is a culturally responsive, 10-week condensed dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) skills group intervention for adolescents endorsing emotional-overeating and binge-eating behaviors. The present study served as a secondary analysis of the intervention data, with the aim of using quantitative measures and qualitative interviews to examine intervention acceptability and DBT skill acquisition. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for quantitative surveys and qualitative content analysis for interviews. Among the 15 adolescents (Mage = 15.40 years; 73.3% identifying as female; 100% identifying as Black) who participated in the EOI pilot trial, most identified learning acceptance-based DBT skills, particularly radical acceptance, as both highly acceptable and the most useful aspect of treatment. Participants reported increases in distress tolerance appraisal and emotion regulation cognitive reappraisal scale scores from baseline to post-intervention. Accordingly, acceptance-based DBT skills may be associated with change-based cognitive strategies, which may contribute to improvements in emerging BED pathology. Findings serve as an initial step in informing preventative models of scalable interventions for subthreshold BED among adolescents, by identifying variables that warrant investigation as potential mechanisms of change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C Kamody
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Idia B Thurston
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - E Thomaseo Burton
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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36
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Williamson G, Guidinger C, Kelly NR. Low body mass and ethnic identity exploration exacerbate the association between body image concerns and loss of control eating in Hispanic/Latino men. Int J Eat Disord 2020; 53:180-190. [PMID: 31490573 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although Hispanic/Latino populations have some of the highest rates of obesity in the United States, little is known about their loss of control (LOC) eating, a robust predictor of excess weight gain. This study examined the association between body image concerns and LOC eating frequency in a sample of young Hispanic/Latino men. Body mass index (BMI), ethnic identity, and acculturation were examined as potential moderators. METHOD The sample included 271 Hispanic/Latino men between the ages of 18 and 30 years (Mage = 23.89 ± 3.54; MBMI = 26.46 ± 5.82). Participants completed an online survey and reported on height, weight, and demographic characteristics; concerns with muscularity and body fat; LOC eating frequency in the last 28 days; ethnic identity; and perceived acculturation. RESULTS Negative binomial regression models were conducted, adjusting for BMI, income, education, and presence of a psychiatric diagnosis. Concerns with muscularity and body fat were positively associated with LOC eating frequency (ps < .001). Low BMI exacerbated the link between concerns with body fat and LOC eating frequency (p = .03). The positive association between concerns with muscularity and LOC eating frequency was exacerbated among those who reported low ethnic identity exploration (p = .01). While acculturation did not function as a moderator (ps = .14-.27), it was inversely associated with LOC eating frequency (p < .001). DISCUSSION BMI and ethnic identity are important individual factors to consider in the link between body image concerns and LOC eating among young Hispanic/Latino men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Williamson
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon.,The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon
| | - Claire Guidinger
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon.,The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon
| | - Nichole R Kelly
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon.,The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon
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37
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Kauffman BY, Bakhshaie J, Manning K, Rogers AH, Shepherd JM, Zvolensky MJ. The role of emotion dysregulation in the association between subjective social status and eating expectancies among college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2020; 68:97-103. [PMID: 30570445 PMCID: PMC6586533 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2018.1515761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Research suggests that college is a risky period for changes in eating behavior and beliefs. Although social health determinants relate to health behavior changes, research has not explored subjective social status, one's societal standing, in terms of eating expectancies among college students. The present study examined the emotion dysregulation in association between subjective social status and eating expectancies among college students. Participants: Participants were a diverse sample of 1,589 college students (80.4% females; Mage = 22.2 years, SD = 5.27) from an urban university. Results: Results showed a significant indirect association of subjective social status via emotion dysregulation in relation to expectancies of eating to help manage negative affect, to alleviate boredom, and to lead to feeling out of control. Conclusion: These findings provide evidence that college students with lower subjective social status may have a higher risk for dysregulated emotions, and consequently, expressing maladaptive eating expectancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jafar Bakhshaie
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Kara Manning
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Andrew H Rogers
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, USA
| | | | - Michael J Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, USA
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Health Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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38
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A Randomised Experiment Evaluating the Mindful Raisin Practice as a Method of Reducing Chocolate Consumption During and After a Mindless Activity. JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE ENHANCEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s41465-019-00159-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe present study investigated the impact of the mindful raisin exercise on overeating during and after the experiment while controlling for wellbeing. One-hundred and twenty-eight participants were recruited and completed a questionnaire on wellbeing (i.e. depression, anxiety and stress) and state mindfulness. Participants were randomly allocated to either the mindful raisin exercise or a newspaper reading control condition. The State Mindfulness Scale was then completed again, and participants watched a neutral video while exposed to chocolate for 10 min. For those 10 min, results showed that the mindfulness condition translated into lower food consumption during the mindless activity when compared to the control condition. Post experiment, participants were asked to wait for 5 min, and any extra chocolate consumption during this time was recorded. Post-consumption was non-significantly different between the two groups, with those in the mindfulness condition consuming 1.3 g less than those in the control group. Controlling for wellbeing did not alter the impact of the mindfulness intervention on consumption. Implications for future work and practical applications for weight regulation are discussed.
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39
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Patmore J, Meddaoui B, Feldman H. Cultural considerations for treating Hispanic patients with eating disorders: A case study illustrating the effectiveness of CBT in reducing bulimia nervosa symptoms in a Latina patient. J Clin Psychol 2019; 75:2006-2021. [PMID: 31509250 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Eating disorders (ED's) are the deadliest of all mental disorders, yet there is a paucity of research examining the clinical presentation of eating disorders in Hispanic populations and limited guidelines for culturally sensitive treatment. Given the rapid growth of Hispanic communities in the U.S., it is important to acknowledge the unique clinical profile of patients within this demographic and examine eating pathology within this socio-cultural context. This case study aims to illustrate the utility, relevance, and effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on alleviating eating disorder symptoms in an adult Latina patient with bulimia nervosa to understand the broader implications of applying manualized treatments to diverse populations. We outline the strengths of CBT in quickly modifying problematic thought patterns and decreasing pathological behaviors while raising questions about cultural generalizability. In addition, we explore CBT's limitations in addressing certain underlying ED pathology-driving and maintaining factors for minority individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Helen Feldman
- Teachers College, Columbia University, New York City, New York
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Inguglia C, Costa S, Iannello NM, Liga F. Parental Monitoring and Youth's Binge Behaviors: The Role of Sensation Seeking and Life Satisfaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13575279.2019.1626803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Inguglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Psicologiche, Pedagogiche, Dell’esercizio Fisico e Della Formazione, Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Costa
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Degli Studi Della Campania, Napoli, Italy
| | - Nicolò Maria Iannello
- Dipartimento di Cultura, Educazione e Società, Università Della Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca Liga
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università Degli Studi Di Messina, Messina, Italy
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Badrasawi MM, Zidan SJ. Binge eating symptoms prevalence and relationship with psychosocial factors among female undergraduate students at Palestine Polytechnic University: a cross-sectional study. J Eat Disord 2019; 7:33. [PMID: 31592130 PMCID: PMC6774213 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-019-0263-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders pose a serious challenge to health services due to psychosocial and medical problems. Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized as a pattern of overeating episodes followed by shame, distress and guilty feelings. Among eating disorders, BED has the highest prevalence, especially among females. The literature reported that BED is associated with nutritional status, socio-demographic factors, and psychological factors in different countries. This study aims to examine the prevalence of binge eating symptoms and its relationship with selected variables (i.e. socio-demographics, nutritional status and dietary habits). METHODS One hundred fifty-four female undergraduate students, from three different faculties at Palestine Polytechnic University, participated in the study. All the students who consented to join the study were assessed in terms of weight status using body mass index, dietary habits and medical profile. The screening for presence of binge eating symptoms was done using BEDS-7. The psychosocial factors were assessed by validated Arabic version of DASS-21. RESULTS Half of the participants (50%) had binge eating symptoms. No association between binge eating symptoms and socio-demographic variables was found. Similarly, binge eating symptoms was not related to body weight status, however, it was associated with eating between meals and number of snacks. A significantly higher score on depression, stress and anxiety was found among binge eaters than non-binge eaters. CONCLUSION It was concluded that binge eating symptoms have considerable prevalence among the study participants, and it was significantly correlated with psychosocial factors. Future studies are needed to examine other risk factors and correlations. Educational programs are also recommended to increase the awareness of eating disorders as well as to promote healthy eating patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal M Badrasawi
- Department of Nutrition and Food technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Tulkarm, West Bank, PO Box 7, Palestine
| | - Souzan J Zidan
- Department of Nutrition and Food technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Tulkarm, West Bank, PO Box 7, Palestine
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Hazzard VM, Hahn SL, Bauer KW, Sonneville KR. Binge eating-related concerns and depressive symptoms in young adulthood: Seven-year longitudinal associations and differences by race/ethnicity. Eat Behav 2019; 32:90-94. [PMID: 30665179 PMCID: PMC8253512 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine longitudinal associations between binge eating-related concerns (i.e., cognitions associated with binge eating, such as embarrassment over amount eaten and fear of losing control over eating) and depressive symptoms among U.S. young adults and assess whether associations differ by race/ethnicity. METHODS This study used longitudinal data from Waves III (baseline; mean age = 21.77 years) and IV (follow-up; mean age = 28.76 years) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 12,040). Linear regression models were run to examine associations between binge eating-related concerns at baseline and depressive symptoms at follow-up, adjusting for demographic covariates, baseline body mass index, and baseline depressive symptoms. RESULTS At baseline, 5.9% of participants reported embarrassment over amount eaten, 2.1% reported fear of losing control over eating, and 0.9% reported both binge eating-related concerns. In adjusted models, embarrassment over amount eaten (B = 0.81, p < .001), fear of losing control over eating (B = 1.57, p < .001), and endorsement of both binge eating-related concerns (B = 1.75, p < .001) at baseline were associated with higher depressive symptoms seven years later. The association between fear of losing control over eating and depressive symptoms differed by race/ethnicity (p = .001). Fear of losing control over eating was associated with higher depressive symptoms among non-Hispanic whites (B = 2.51, p < .001) and Asians/Pacific Islanders (B = 2.54, p = .009) but not among non-Hispanic blacks (B = -0.55, p = .48) or Hispanics/Latinos (B = -0.11, p = .92). DISCUSSION Binge eating-related concerns may contribute to depression risk among young adults, particularly among non-Hispanic whites and Asians/Pacific Islanders. Early identification of these cognitions and early intervention may help reduce depression risk in young adulthood.
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Fiechtner L, Fonte ML, Castro I, Gerber M, Horan C, Sharifi M, Cena H, Taveras EM. Determinants of Binge Eating Symptoms in Children with Overweight/Obesity. Child Obes 2018; 14:510-517. [PMID: 30153037 PMCID: PMC6249668 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2017.0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Examining binge eating symptoms before the diagnosis of binge eating disorder in children with obesity could provide important information on prevention of future eating disorders. METHODS We examined the prevalence and multilevel determinants of three binge eating symptoms: (1) sneaking, hiding, or hoarding food; (2) eating in the absence of hunger, and (3) inhibition or embarrassment when eating in front of others among 817 children aged 5-12 years old with overweight/obesity receiving primary care in eastern Massachusetts. We examined the associations of child and parent/household characteristics with the prevalence ratios (PRs) of these three binge eating symptoms. RESULTS Approximately one-third of parents reported that their children would sneak, hide, or hoard food; 40% ate large amounts in the absence of hunger; and 8% were inhibited/embarrassed when eating in front of others. In multivariate analyses, greater screen time was associated with a higher prevalence of sneaking, hiding, or hoarding (PR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01-1.11). We found that children with severe obesity (PR 1.50, 95% CI: 1.24-1.81 vs. nonsevere obesity) had higher prevalence of eating in the absence of hunger. Increased hours of screen time were associated with higher prevalence of eating in the absence of hunger, (PR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03-1.11), whereas longer sleep duration (PR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.82-0.99) was associated with lower prevalence of eating in the absence of hunger. CONCLUSIONS Eating in the absence of hunger was the most common symptom in our sample and was associated with screen time and sleep. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01537510.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Fiechtner
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA.,Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA.,Address correspondence to: Lauren Fiechtner, MD, MPH, Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, 175 Cambridge Street, 5th Floor, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Maria Luisa Fonte
- Unit of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ines Castro
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA
| | - Monica Gerber
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA
| | - Chrissy Horan
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA
| | - Mona Sharifi
- Section of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Hellas Cena
- Unit of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elsie M. Taveras
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, MA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Abstract
Binge eating disorder is an addiction-like disorder characterized by recurrent, excessive food consumption within discrete periods of time, and it has been linked to increased trait impulsivity. Within impulsivity components, while impulsive action was shown to predict binge-like and addictive-like eating, the role of impulsive choice is instead unknown. The goal of this study was to determine if impulsive choice predicted, or was altered by binge-like eating of a sugary, highly palatable diet. We utilized a modified adjusting delay task procedure in free-fed rats to assess impulsive choice behavior, that is. the tendency to respond for a larger, delayed reward over a lesser, immediate reward. We found that baseline impulsive choice was not a predictor of binge-like eating in 1-h sessions of palatable diet operant self-administration. Furthermore, binge-like eating of the same palatable diet had no effect on later impulsive choice behavior. Thus, our data suggest that, unlike impulsive action, impulsive choice behavior does not predict binge-like eating in rats.
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Oh H, Koyanagi A, DeVylder JE, Stickley A. Seasonal Allergies and Psychiatric Disorders in the United States. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15091965. [PMID: 30205581 PMCID: PMC6164754 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal allergies have been associated with mental health problems, though the evidence is still emergent, particularly in the United States. We analyzed data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication and the National Latino and Asian American Survey (years 2001–2003). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the relations between lifetime allergies and lifetime psychiatric disorders (each disorder in a separate model), adjusting for socio-demographic variables (including region of residence) and tobacco use. Analyses were also stratified to test for effect modification by race and sex. A history of seasonal allergies was associated with greater odds of mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and eating disorders, but not alcohol or substance use disorders, after adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics and tobacco use. The associations between seasonal allergies and mood disorders, substance use disorders, and alcohol use disorders were particularly strong for Latino Americans. The association between seasonal allergies and eating disorders was stronger for men than women. Seasonal allergies are a risk factor for psychiatric disorders. Individuals complaining of seasonal allergies should be screened for early signs of mental health problems and referred to specialized services accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, 669 W. 34 th St., Los Angeles, CA 90089-0411, USA.
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Deu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain.
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jordan E DeVylder
- Graduate School of Social Service, Fordham University, 113 W 60th Street, New York, NY 10023, USA.
| | - Andrew Stickley
- The Stockholm Center for Health and Social Change (SCOHOST), Södertörn University, 141 89 Huddinge, Sweden.
- Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashicho, Kodaira, Tokyo 1878553, Japan.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Eating disorders are recognized to occur across ethnic and racial groups. The aim of the present review was to examine recent advances in the understanding of the development, presentation, and intervention approaches specific to eating disorders among ethnic and racial minority groups. RECENT FINDINGS An increasing number of measures have been found to be useful tools for assessing eating disorder risk and symptoms among ethnic and racial minority populations. In addition, further evidence has emerged supporting the relationship between higher levels of eating disorder symptoms and acculturation stress, as well as investment in appearance ideals. In contrast, the relationship between ethnic identity and eating disorder symptoms is less consistent, although several studies suggest that positive ethnic identity may be protective. Finally, increasing efforts have been made to develop and implement culturally sensitive interventions by tailoring evidence-supported treatments. Our understanding of and capacity to treat eating disorders among ethnic and racial minority groups continues to improve. However, further research is needed, particularly among neglected groups, such a smaller ethnic and racial groups, males, and intersecting minority statuses.
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Kauffman BY, Bakhshaie J, Lam H, Alfano C, Zvolensky MJ. Insomnia and eating expectancies among college students: the role of emotion dysregulation. Cogn Behav Ther 2018; 47:470-481. [PMID: 29774791 DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2018.1466910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
There is limited understanding of the relation between insomnia and aspects of eating among college students though available data suggest salient clinical relationships. The present study explored a potential transdiagnostic mechanism in the relation between insomnia symptoms and eating expectancies. Participants were a racially/ethnically diverse sample of 1589 college students (80.4% females; Mage = 22.2 years, SD = 5.27) from an urban university. Primary analysis included three regression-based models of eating expectancies. Insomnia symptoms served as the predictor, and emotion dysregulation served as the indirect (mediator) variable in all models. Results indicated that insomnia symptoms yielded a significant indirect effect through emotion dysregulation on expectancies of eating to help manage negative affect, alleviate boredom, and lead to feeling out of control. Students experiencing insomnia symptoms may be at higher risk for experiencing dysregulated emotions and consequently maladaptive eating expectancies compared to good sleepers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Y Kauffman
- a Department of Psychology , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Jafar Bakhshaie
- a Department of Psychology , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Hantin Lam
- a Department of Psychology , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Candice Alfano
- a Department of Psychology , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Michael J Zvolensky
- a Department of Psychology , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA.,b Department of Behavioral Sciences , University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA.,c Health Institute , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA
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Thurston IB, Hardin R, Kamody RC, Herbozo S, Kaufman C. The moderating role of resilience on the relationship between perceived stress and binge eating symptoms among young adult women. Eat Behav 2018; 29:114-119. [PMID: 29653301 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adolescence and young adulthood are developmental periods during the life course that are sometimes associated with heightened stress and engagement in binge eating. Binge eating has been linked to psychiatric comorbidity, poorer physical health, and lower quality of life. However, less is known about protective factors that could buffer against binge eating behaviors. The current study examined the moderating role of resilience on the relationship between perceived stress and binge eating symptoms among emerging adult female college students. METHOD Participants were 297 young adult women aged 18-25 years (Mage = 19.22, SD = 1.51; 52% self-identifying as a racial/ethnic minority) with Body Mass Index ranging from 15 to 66 (MBMI = 25.01, SD = 6.18). Women completed this cross-sectional study while they were attending universities in the Western or Southern United States. Participants provided demographic and height/weight information, and completed the following measures: Perceived Stress Scale, Binge Eating Scale, and Brief Resilience Scale. RESULTS Higher perceived stress was significantly associated with more severe binge eating symptoms (b = 0.31; p < .01). In addition, higher resilience was associated with lower binge eating pathology (b = -0.20; p < .01). Moderation was supported as the relationship between perceived stress and binge eating symptoms varied by resilience level (b = -0.16; p < .01). CONCLUSIONS Women who perceived higher stress were more likely to engage in binge eating relative to women experiencing low stress; however, resilience attenuated this association. Resilience could be targeted to reduce the negative effects of perceived stress on eating behaviors in young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idia B Thurston
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.
| | - Robin Hardin
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Rebecca C Kamody
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Sylvia Herbozo
- Department of Psychology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Caroline Kaufman
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
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Goldschmidt AB, Lavender JM, Hipwell AE, Stepp SD, Keenan K. Examining Two Prevailing Models of Loss of Control Eating Among Community-Based Girls. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:420-425. [PMID: 29280308 PMCID: PMC5783779 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive-behavioral and interpersonal models of loss of control (LOC) eating have been underexplored in adolescents. METHODS By using data from community-based adolescent girls assessed annually over 4 years, the cognitive-behavioral (n = 416) and interpersonal (n = 418) models were examined by using a regression-based bootstrapping approach. RESULTS Body dissatisfaction at 14 years prospectively predicted LOC eating at 18 years, both directly (direct effect = -0.039; SE = 0.017; P = 0.02) and indirectly via dieting (indirect effect = -0.010; 95% CI: -0.022 to -0.003). Interpersonal functioning at 14 years was negatively associated with negative emotionality at 17 years, which, in turn, was prospectively associated with LOC eating at 18 years (indirect effect = 0.001; 95% CI: -0.001 to -0.0003); however, the direct association between age 14 interpersonal functioning and age 18 LOC eating was not significant (direct effect = -0.001; SE = 0.001; P = 0.47). CONCLUSIONS These findings support the cognitive-behavioral model, and partially support the interpersonal model, with the latter findings implying that over time, negative emotionality may promote LOC eating independent of the effects of prior social functioning. Prevention and early intervention efforts for LOC eating may benefit from integrating these theoretical frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea B. Goldschmidt
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jason M. Lavender
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alison E. Hipwell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephanie D. Stepp
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kate Keenan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Factors Associated with Binge Eating Behavior among Malaysian Adolescents. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10010066. [PMID: 29320461 PMCID: PMC5793294 DOI: 10.3390/nu10010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although there are numerous studies on binge eating behavior in the Western countries, studies on this behavior in Malaysia are still limited. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with binge eating behavior among adolescents in Malaysia. The study included 356 adolescents (42.7% males and 57.3% females), aged 13 to 16 years. They completed a self-administered questionnaire on demographic and socioeconomic backgrounds, frequency of family meals, family meal environments, family cohesion, perception of body size, self-esteem, depressive symptoms, perfectionistic self-presentation, and binge eating behavior. Furthermore, their weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. It was found that 14.0% of the participants engaged in binge eating behavior (15.2% in females and 12.5% in males). Additionally, it was identified that high levels of depressive symptoms, high levels of body dissatisfaction, poor family cohesion, and low self-esteem were significantly contributed to binge eating behavior after controlling for sex (adjusted R2 = 0.165, F = 15.056, p < 0.001). The findings may suggest that improving the relationships between family members, along with eliminating adolescents’ negative emotions could help in the prevention of binge eating behavior among adolescents. The identified modifiable risk factors should be incorporated into binge eating preventive programs to increase the effectiveness of the programs.
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