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Vargas-Castro R, García-Quiroz J, Olmos-Ortiz A, Avila E, Larrea F, Díaz L. Calcitriol prevents SARS-CoV spike-induced inflammation in human trophoblasts through downregulating ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2025; 245:106625. [PMID: 39515592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus of COVID-19, increases the risk of pregnancy complications including hypertensive disorders and placental inflammation. The spike glycoprotein mediates viral cell entry by interacting with the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2 in conjunction with the transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). ACE1, ACE2 and renin are components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which regulates blood pressure. As the placenta expresses all these proteins, it is a target for SARS-CoV-2 and a source of blood pressure modulators. Noteworthy, an ACE1/ACE2 ratio imbalance can lead to RAS dysregulation and a bad prognosis in COVID-19 patients. Calcitriol, the most active vitamin D metabolite, negatively regulates RAS, reduces inflammation, and enhances antiviral immunity, thereby protecting against COVID-19 severity. However, contrasting information exists on the regulatory role of calcitriol upon RAS components and SARS-CoV-2 receptors; while the impact of calcitriol on spike-induced inflammation in placental cells has not been explored. Thus, we studied the effects of calcitriol on these parameters using the trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo and primary syncytiotrophoblasts. By RT-qPCR, ELISA, and immunocytochemistry, we found that the spike enhanced proinflammatory cytokines expression and secretion, while calcitriol significantly downregulated this effect. Calcitriol also diminished ACE1, ACE2, TMPRSS2, and renin gene expression, as well as ACE1/ACE2 mRNA ratio. CONCLUSIONS: In the human placenta, calcitriol reduced the gene expression of main RAS components and TMPRSS2, resulting in the inhibition of spike-induced inflammation. This outcome suggest that vitamin D participates in restricting SARS-CoV-2 placental infection by rendering trophoblasts less permissive to infection while helping to regulate maternal blood pressure and decreasing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Vargas-Castro
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Janice García-Quiroz
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Andrea Olmos-Ortiz
- Departamento de Inmunobioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Euclides Avila
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Fernando Larrea
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Lorenza Díaz
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción Dr. Carlos Gual Castro, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Carboo JA, Malan L, Lombard M, Nienaber A, Dolman-Macleod RC. The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and markers of intestinal and systemic inflammation in undernourished and non-undernourished children, 6-59 months. Cytokine 2025; 185:156807. [PMID: 39550924 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/10/2024] [Indexed: 11/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated inflammation contributes to growth faltering in children. Vitamin D (vitD) suppresses pro-inflammatory and enhances anti-inflammatory molecule production, thus vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been associated with heightened inflammation. In undernourished children, VDD and inflammation co-exist, however, little is known about their interaction. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration with markers of inflammation in undernourished and non-undernourished children, as well as the effect of vitD supplementation on inflammatory markers in the children with low 25(OH)D in a nested before-and-after trial. METHODS Serum 25(OH)D, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, CRP, AGP, IFABP, sCD14, IGF-1 and FGF-21 of 121 undernourished and 51 non-undernourished children aged 6-59 months were measured cross-sectionally. Children with serum 25(OH)D < 30 ng/mL received 50,000 IU/week of vitD for three weeks. RESULTS TNF-α and FGF-21 in the overall and undernourished group were higher in those with serum 25(OH)D < 30 ng/mL compared to those with serum ≥ 30 ng/mL (p < 0.05), while IFABP concentration was higher in the non-undernourished children with serum 25(OH)D < 30 ng/mL (p = 0.047). Serum 25(OH)D was negatively associated with TNF-α in the overall group (β = -0.012, p = 0.034); and FGF-21 (β = -0.013, p = 0.023) in the undernourished group. After the supplementation trial, TNF-α was reduced by 55.9 % (p = 0.008) and 64.7 % (p = 0.017) in the overall and undernourished groups respectively, and AGP showed a trend of 41.6 % reduction (p = 0.099) in the overall group. IL-1β concentration increased post-supplementation in the overall (p = 0.011) and undernourished groups (p = 0.039). CONCLUSION Optimising vitD status may potentially be a strategy for reducing systemic and gut inflammation, and subsequently improving growth, particularly in undernourished children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Adede Carboo
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
| | - Linda Malan
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Martani Lombard
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Arista Nienaber
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Chen L, Zhou T, Lv C, Ni H, Zhao Z, Zhou H, Hu X. Vitamin D supplementation can improve the 28-day mortality rate in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2431632. [PMID: 39584485 PMCID: PMC11590183 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2431632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Revised: 11/01/2024] [Accepted: 11/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D levels are generally lower in septic patients and are associated with poor prognosis. Observational studies suggest improved renal recovery in acute kidney injury (AKI) patients with increased vitamin D levels. Still, large RCTs did not show significant clinical benefits, possibly due to the limited number of sepsis or AKI patients included. This study aimed to examine the impact of vitamin D supplementation on 28-day all-cause mortality in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI). METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the MIMIC-IV (v2.0) database, which included 18,713 ICU patients with S-AKI. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to adjust for confounding factors, and multivariate Cox regression was employed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Patient survival and clinical characteristics will be assessed utilizing Kaplan-Meier curves, with comparisons conducted using the log-rank test. RESULTS Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed significant differences in survival between the groups. Multivariate Cox regression indicated a reduced risk of 28-day mortality associated with vitamin D supplementation (HR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.67-0.80, p < 0.001). The results after PSM were consistent with those of the original cohort. Similar results were observed for in-hospital mortality and 90-day mortality. The Restricted Cubic Spline curve (RCS) indicated an increasing trend in the therapeutic effect of vitamin D with increasing SOFA score. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D supplementation is associated with decreased all-cause mortality in patients with S-AKI, and those with more severe conditions may benefit even more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tiantian Zhou
- Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenwei Lv
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Haibin Ni
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Department of Emergency, NanJing LiShui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanhui Zhou
- Department of Emergency, NanJing LiShui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingxing Hu
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Emergency, NanJing LiShui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Marchlewicz M, Sagan P, Grabowska M, Kiedrowicz M, Kruk J, Gill K, Piasecka M, Duchnik E. The Role of Vitamin D3 Deficiency and Colonization of the Oral Mucosa by Candida Yeast-like Fungi in the Pathomechanism of Psoriasis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:6874. [PMID: 39598018 PMCID: PMC11594318 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13226874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2024] [Revised: 11/02/2024] [Accepted: 11/13/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with complex pathogenesis and variable severity. Performed studies have indicated the impact of vitamin D3 deficiency on the pathogenesis of psoriasis and its severity. However, there is no clear evidence of the influence of the mucosal microbiome on the onset and progression of psoriasis. This review aims to present the current evidence on the role of vitamin D3 and colonization of the oral mucosa by Candida yeast-like fungi in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Candida albicans is a common yeast that can colonize the skin and mucosal surfaces, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems or compromised skin barriers. In psoriasis, the skin's barrier function is disrupted, potentially making patients more susceptible to fungal infections such as Candida. Since patients with psoriasis are at increased risk of metabolic syndrome, they may experience the vicious circle effect in which chronic inflammation leads to obesity. Vitamin D3 deficiency is also associated with microbiological imbalance, which may promote excessive growth of Candida fungi. Under normal conditions, the intestinal and oral microflora support the immune system. Vitamin D3 deficiency, however, leads to disruption of this balance, which allows Candida to overgrow and develop infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Marchlewicz
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-010 Police, Poland; (M.M.); (P.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Paulina Sagan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-010 Police, Poland; (M.M.); (P.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Marta Grabowska
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (K.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Magdalena Kiedrowicz
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-010 Police, Poland; (M.M.); (P.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Joanna Kruk
- Faculty of Physical Culture and Health, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Kamil Gill
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (K.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Małgorzata Piasecka
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (K.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Ewa Duchnik
- Department of Aesthetic Dermatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
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Berg Y, Gabay E, Božić D, Shibli JA, Ginesin O, Asbi T, Takakura L, Mayer Y. The Impact of Nutritional Components on Periodontal Health: A Literature Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:3901. [PMID: 39599688 PMCID: PMC11597335 DOI: 10.3390/nu16223901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2024] [Revised: 11/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/11/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by the accumulation of bacterial plaque and the host's immune response, leading to the destruction of periodontal tissues. Nutrition, particularly the intake of micronutrients with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, plays a crucial role in maintaining periodontal health. This review explores the impact of various micronutrients-vitamins (A, B, C, D, E), minerals (calcium, iron, zinc, potassium, copper, manganese, selenium), and omega-3 fatty acids-on periodontal disease prevention and management. Deficiencies in these nutrients can exacerbate periodontal tissue damage by impairing immune responses, promoting oxidative stress, and reducing bone and tissue regeneration capabilities. While certain populations may be more vulnerable to these deficiencies, such as those following Western diets or living in low- and middle-income countries, even in developed nations, suboptimal nutrient intake is associated with worse periodontal outcomes. Although some studies suggest that supplementation of specific micronutrients may benefit periodontal therapy, the evidence remains inconclusive, necessitating further randomized clinical trials. This review underscores the importance of considering nutritional guidance in periodontal treatment protocols and highlights the need for tailored recommendations based on recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarden Berg
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus (RHCC), Haifa P.O. Box 9602, Israel
| | - Eran Gabay
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus (RHCC), Haifa P.O. Box 9602, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3101101, Israel
| | - Darko Božić
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Periodontology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jamil Awad Shibli
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 12245-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Ofir Ginesin
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus (RHCC), Haifa P.O. Box 9602, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3101101, Israel
| | - Thabet Asbi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus (RHCC), Haifa P.O. Box 9602, Israel
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 12245-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Leila Takakura
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 12245-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Yaniv Mayer
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus (RHCC), Haifa P.O. Box 9602, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3101101, Israel
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Durá-Travé T, Gallinas-Victoriano F. COVID-19 in Children and Vitamin D. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:12205. [PMID: 39596272 PMCID: PMC11594876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252212205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2024] [Revised: 11/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/13/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In December 2019, the so-called "coronavirus disease 2019" (COVID-19) began. This disease is characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations, ranging from an asymptomatic process to life-threatening conditions associated with a "cytokine storm". This article (narrative review) summarizes the epidemiologic characteristics and clinical manifestations of COVID-19 and multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The effect of the pandemic confinement on vitamin D status and the hypotheses proposed to explain the age-related difference in the severity of COVID-19 are discussed. The role of vitamin D as a critical regulator of both innate and adaptive immune responses and the COVID-19 cytokine storm is analyzed. Vitamin D and its links to both COVID-19 (low levels of vitamin D appear to worsen COVID-19 outcomes) and the cytokine storm (anti-inflammatory activity) are detailed. Finally, the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in COVID-19 is evaluated, but the evidence supporting vitamin D supplementation as an adjuvant treatment for COVID-19 remains uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodoro Durá-Travé
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarrabiomed (Biomedical Research Center), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Fidel Gallinas-Victoriano
- Navarrabiomed (Biomedical Research Center), 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Hospital Universitary, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Yi T, Lin S. The protective role of vitamin d in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: insights from Mendelian randomization and meta-analysis. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:637. [PMID: 39521746 PMCID: PMC11550307 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01511-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2024] [Accepted: 11/01/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the anti-tumor effects of vitamin D have garnered increasing attention. However, previous epidemiological studies on the relationship between vitamin D and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have yielded inconsistent results. This study aims to further explore whether vitamin D helps reduce the risk of NPC through Mendelian randomization (MR) and meta-analysis. METHODS Based on the core assumption of MR study, instrumental variables (IVs) for vitamin D, serving as genetic proxies, were obtained from summary data of large genome-wide association study (GWAS). Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) was utilized as the primary MR analytical method to explore the causal relationship between vitamin D and NPC. Sensitivity analyses included heterogeneity testing and horizontal pleiotropy testing. To further validate the robustness of the result, meta-analysis was employed to obtain pooled effects from databases of different sources. RESULTS In the discovery cohort, the IVW result suggest that vitamin D is a potential protective factor against NPC (odds ratio (OR) = 0.35, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.13-0.89, P = 0.028). The finding was further corroborated by two independent replication cohorts [OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.13-0.80, P = 0.018 (ukb-d-30890_irnt); OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.13-0.90, P = 0.029(ebi-a-GCST90025967)]. Subsequent meta-analysis indicated that vitamin D markedly reduces the risk of NPC (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.19-0.58, P < 0.001). Multiple sensitivity analyses, including heterogeneity analysis and horizontal pleiotropy tests, did not reveal any significant findings (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION This study provides robust evidence that vitamin D significantly reduces the risk of NPC. Through MR and meta-analysis, we have demonstrated a protective role of vitamin D in NPC development. These findings suggest that maintaining adequate vitamin D levels may be a potential strategy for reducing NPC. Further research is warranted to confirm these results and explore the underlying mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Shaoxiong Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
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Lauer JM, Kirby MA, Muhihi A, Ulenga N, Aboud S, Liu E, Choy RK, Arndt MB, Kou J, Fawzi WW, Gewirtz AT, Sudfeld CR, Manji KP, Duggan CP. Effects of Vitamin D-3 Supplementation During Pregnancy and Lactation on Maternal and Infant Biomarkers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction, Systemic Inflammation, and Growth: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr 2024; 154:3400-3406. [PMID: 39278411 PMCID: PMC11600094 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is an acquired, subclinical state of intestinal inflammation common in children and adults in low-income and middle-income countries. Although vitamin D-3 supplementation has purported anti-inflammatory properties, its ability to ameliorate biomarkers of EED remains unclear. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the effects of maternal vitamin D-3 supplementation during pregnancy and lactation on biomarkers of EED, systemic inflammation, and growth in women living with HIV and their infants in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. METHODS We conducted subgroup analyses among randomly selected mothers (n = 720) and infants (n = 365 at 6 wk of age, and n = 266 at 6 mo of age) who participated in a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial of daily maternal 3000 IU vitamin D-3 supplementation from the second trimester of pregnancy until 1 y postpartum. Biomarkers of EED (soluble CD14 and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein), systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein and α1-acid glycoprotein), and growth factors (insulin-like growth factor 1 and fibroblast growth factor 21) were measured via the Micronutrient and Environmental Enteric Dysfunction Assessment Tool. Anti-flagellin and anti-lipopolysaccharide immunoglobulins were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Comparisons by randomized treatment arm were performed using ordinary least squares regression models with log2-transformed biomarkers. RESULTS At 32 wk of gestation, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (β: -0.19; P = 0.03) and α1-acid glycoprotein (β:-0.11; P = 0.04) were significantly lower in mothers in the vitamin D-3 group than those in mothers in the placebo group. At 6 wk of age, insulin-like growth factor 1 (β:-0.31; P = 0.03) was significantly lower in infants whose mothers were in the vitamin D-3 group than that in infants whose mothers were in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D-3 supplementation during pregnancy and lactation reduced selected EED and systemic inflammation biomarkers among women living with HIV. While the effects of maternal vitamin D-3 supplementation do not appear to extend to infants, there may be an effect on growth factors. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02305927 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02305927).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Lauer
- Department of Health Sciences, Sargent College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
| | - Miles A Kirby
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Alfa Muhihi
- Africa Academy for Public Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Nzovu Ulenga
- Management and Development for Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Said Aboud
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Enju Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States; Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Robert Km Choy
- PATH, Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Michael B Arndt
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Jianqun Kou
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Wafaie W Fawzi
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Andrew T Gewirtz
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Christopher R Sudfeld
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Karim P Manji
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Christopher P Duggan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Chen Y, Liu X, Yuan J, Dong S, Nie M, Jiang W, Wu D, Liu M, Liu T, Wu C, Gao C, Zhang J, Jiang R. Vitamin D accelerates the subdural hematoma clearance through improving the meningeal lymphatic vessel function. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:3129-3140. [PMID: 38294731 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04918-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Subdural hematoma (SDH) drains into the extracranial lymphatic system through the meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs) but the formation of SDH impairs mLVs. Because vitamin D (Vit D) can protect the endothelial cells, we hypothesized that Vit D may enhance the SDH clearance. SDH was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats and treated with Vit D or vehicle. Hematoma volume in each group was measured by H&E staining and hemoglobin quantification. Evans blue (EB) quantification and red blood cells injection were used to evaluated the drainage of mLVs. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence were conducted to assess the expression of lymphatic protein markers. We also examined the inflammatory factors levels in subdural space by ELISA. Vit D treatment significantly reduced SDH volume and improved the drainage of SDH to cervical lymph nodes. The structure of mLVs in SDH rats were protected by Vit D, and the expressions of LYVE1, PROX1, FOXC2, and VE-cadherin were increased after Vit D treatment. The TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 levels were reduced in Vit D group. In vitro, Vit D also increased the VE-cadherin expression levels under inflammation. Vit D protects the structure of mLVs and enhances the absorption of SDH, partly by the anti-inflammatory effect of Vit D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post Neuro-injury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Helping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xuanhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post Neuro-injury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Helping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jiangyuan Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post Neuro-injury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Helping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Shiying Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post Neuro-injury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Helping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Meng Nie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post Neuro-injury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Helping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Weiwei Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post Neuro-injury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Helping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post Neuro-injury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Helping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Mingqi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post Neuro-injury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Helping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post Neuro-injury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Helping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Chenrui Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Ministry of Education, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post Neuro-injury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Helping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Chuang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- Ministry of Education, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post Neuro-injury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Helping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- Ministry of Education, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post Neuro-injury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Helping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Rongcai Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- Ministry of Education, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post Neuro-injury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Helping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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10
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Hajhashemy Z, Golpour-Hamedani S, Eshaghian N, Sadeghi O, Khorvash F, Askari G. Practical supplements for prevention and management of migraine attacks: a narrative review. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1433390. [PMID: 39539367 PMCID: PMC11557489 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1433390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Migraine is one of the most debilitating neurological disorders that causes frequent attacks of headaches and affects approximately 11% of the global population. Deficient or even insufficient levels of vital nutrients would increase the severity and frequency of migraine attacks. Therefore, we aimed to examine the practical supplements for the prevention and management of migraine attacks. Method This narrative review study was conducted by searching PubMed, ISI web of science, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Scopus using the keywords of "dietary supplement" and "migraine" plus their MeSH terms. Original articles published in English language from their inception to July 27th, 2024, studies that investigated adult population (aged >18 years), and those assessing the impact of intended nutrient supplementation on clinical symptoms of migraine were included in the study. Result Oxidative stress and low intake of antioxidants would be risk factors for migraine attacks by inducing inflammation. The secretion of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, would lead to neuroinflammation and migraine episodes by increasing the cellular permeability and interactions. Evidence also indicated a direct association between phases of migraine attacks and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), mitochondrial disorders, monoaminergic pathway, disruption in brain energy metabolism, and higher serum levels of glutamate and homocysteine. Therefore, supplementation with nutrients involved in mitochondrial function, brain energy metabolism, and even methyl donors would relieve migraine attacks. Conclusion Evidence indicated that supplementation with riboflavin, omega-3 fatty acids, alpha lipoic acid, magnesium, probiotics, coenzyme Q10, ginger, and caffeine would have favorable effects on migraine patients. However, more prospective studies are required to evaluate the effect of other nutrients on migraine patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hajhashemy
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sahar Golpour-Hamedani
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Niloofar Eshaghian
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Sadeghi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fariborz Khorvash
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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11
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Al Balawi AN, Alblwi NAN, Soliman R, El-Far AH, Hassan MG, El-Sewedy T, Ameen F, Ismail NF, Elmetwalli A. Impact of Vitamin D deficiency on immunological and metabolic responses in women with recurrent pregnancy loss: focus on VDBP/HLA-G1/CTLA-4/ENTPD1/adenosine-fetal-maternal conflict crosstalk. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:709. [PMID: 39472874 PMCID: PMC11523824 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06914-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 10/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), also known as recurrent implantation failure (RIF), is a distressing condition affecting women characterized by two or more consecutive miscarriages or the inability to carry a pregnancy beyond 20 weeks. Immunological factors and genetic variations, particularly in Vit D Binding Protein (VDBP), have gained attention as potential contributors to RPL. This study aimed to provide insight into the immunological, genetic, and metabolic networks underlying RPL, placing a particular emphasis on the interactions between VDBP, HLA-G1, CTLA-4, ENTPD1, and adenosine-fetal-maternal conflict crosstalk. METHODS A retrospective study included 198 women with three or more consecutive spontaneous abortions. Exclusion criteria comprised uterine abnormalities, endocrine disorders, parental chromosomal abnormalities, infectious factors, autoimmune diseases, or connective tissue diseases. Immunological interplay was investigated in 162 female participants, divided into two groups based on their Vit D levels: normal Vit D-RPL and low Vit D-RPL. Various laboratory techniques were employed, including LC/MS/MS for Vit D measurement, ELISA for protein detection, flow cytometry for immune function analysis, and molecular docking for protein-ligand interaction assessment. RESULTS General characteristics between groups were significant regarding Vit D and glucose levels. Low Vit D levels were associated with decreased NK cell activity and downregulation of HLA-G1 and HLA-G5 proteins, while CTLA-4 revealed upregulation. VDBP was significantly downregulated in the low Vit D group. Our findings highlight the intricate relationship between Vit D status and adenosine metabolism by the downregulation of SGLT1, and NT5E, key components of adenosine metabolism, suggests that Vit D deficiency may disrupt the regulation of adenosine levels, leading to an impaired reproductive outcome. HNF1β, a negative regulator of VDBP, was upregulated, while HNF1α, a positive regulator, was downregulated in low Vit D women after RPL. Molecular docking analysis revealed crucial residues involved in the interaction between Vit D and HNF1β. CONCLUSION Collectively, these findings underscore the importance of Vit D in modulating immune function and molecular pathways relevant to pregnancy maintenance, highlighting the need for further research to elucidate the mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions for improving pregnancy outcomes in individuals with Vit D deficiency and RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Nawaf Al Balawi
- Biology Department, University College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Riham Soliman
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
- Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Sherbin, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ali H El-Far
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Mervat G Hassan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13511, Egypt
| | - Tarek El-Sewedy
- Department of Applied Medical Chemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadia F Ismail
- Health Information Management Program, Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Science Technology, Borg El Arab Technological University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Alaa Elmetwalli
- Department of Clinical Trial Research Unit and Drug Discovery, Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Mansoura, Egypt.
- Microbiology Division, Higher Technological Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Egypt Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Mansoura, Egypt.
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12
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Nikolic A, Popovic D, Djuranovic S, Sokic-Milutinovic A, Dragasevic S. Prognostic Value of CRP/25 OH Vitamin D Ratio for Glucocorticoid Efficacy in Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:2222. [PMID: 39410626 PMCID: PMC11476271 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14192222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) represents a life-threatening medical emergency. One-third of ASUC patients are steroid non-responders. Our study aimed to create a new ASUC algorithm to predict corticosteroid response in the early course of the disease. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study included 103 patients with ASUC (65 male, 38 female). We calculated the serum CRP to 25-hydroxy 25 OH vitamin D ratio at admission. Logistic regression determined patients' response to glucocorticoids, depending on the CRP/25 OH vitamin D ratio value. Results and Discussion: Significant differences were observed in the CRP/25 OH vitamin D ratio at admission between glucocorticoid responders and non-responders (p = 0.001). A negative correlation was found between glucocorticoid response and CRP/25 OH vitamin D levels (Spearman's rho = -0.338, p < 0.01). Logistic regression revealed a significant association (p = 0.003) with a model chi-square value of 11.131 (p = 0.001). ROC curve analysis showed an AUC of 0.696 (p = 0.001), indicating moderate discriminatory ability. To achieve 91% sensitivity, the CRP/25 OH vitamin D ratio must be less than 3.985 to predict a complete glucocorticoid response. Conclusions: The serum CRP to 25 OH vitamin D ratio on the first day of hospital admission can potentially determine the response to glucocorticoids in patients with ASUC and significantly affect the mortality of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreja Nikolic
- Clinic for Gastroenterohepatology, University Clinical Center Serbia, Koste Todorovica Street 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia (S.D.)
| | - Dragan Popovic
- Clinic for Gastroenterohepatology, University Clinical Center Serbia, Koste Todorovica Street 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia (S.D.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica Street 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Srdjan Djuranovic
- Clinic for Gastroenterohepatology, University Clinical Center Serbia, Koste Todorovica Street 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia (S.D.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica Street 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Sokic-Milutinovic
- Clinic for Gastroenterohepatology, University Clinical Center Serbia, Koste Todorovica Street 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia (S.D.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica Street 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Dragasevic
- Clinic for Gastroenterohepatology, University Clinical Center Serbia, Koste Todorovica Street 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia (S.D.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica Street 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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13
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Savolainen L, Timpmann S, Mooses M, Mäestu E, Medijainen L, Lellsaar M, Tiimann K, Piir A, Zilmer M, Unt E, Ööpik V. Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Enhance Gains in Muscle Strength and Lean Body Mass or Influence Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Vitamin D-Insufficient Middle-Aged Men Engaged in Resistance Training. Nutrients 2024; 16:3356. [PMID: 39408324 PMCID: PMC11478703 DOI: 10.3390/nu16193356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2024] [Revised: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study checked whether vitamin D (Vit-D) supplementation improves the efficacy of resistance training (RT) in terms of increasing muscle strength and lean body mass (LBM), and influencing cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) in Vit-D-deficient middle-aged healthy men. METHODS Participants (n = 28) were quasi-randomly assigned to one of two groups, which, in a double-blind manner, supplemented their diet daily with either Vit-D (8000 IU; VD) or placebo (PLC) during participation in a 12-week supervised RT program. RESULTS During the intervention, serum Vit-D concentrations increased 2.6-fold (p < 0.001) in the VD group, while no changes occurred in the PLC group. Muscle strength gains (p < 0.001) as measured in seven exercises performed on RT equipment and increases (p < 0.001) in LBM were similar in the two groups. Total fat mass, percent total fat, and percent android fat decreased (p < 0.05) to a similar extent in both groups, but there was no change in VO2max in either group. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, in healthy Vit-D-insufficient middle-aged men engaged in resistance training, Vit-D supplementation increases serum 25(OH)D levels but does not enhance gains in muscle strength and LBM, or decreases in fat mass and fat percentage, and does not affect cardiorespiratory fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Savolainen
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia; (L.S.); (S.T.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (L.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Saima Timpmann
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia; (L.S.); (S.T.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (L.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Martin Mooses
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia; (L.S.); (S.T.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (L.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Evelin Mäestu
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia; (L.S.); (S.T.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (L.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Luule Medijainen
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia; (L.S.); (S.T.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (L.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Märt Lellsaar
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia; (L.S.); (S.T.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (L.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Kristi Tiimann
- Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 31 Raja St., 50417 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Anneli Piir
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia; (A.P.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mihkel Zilmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia; (A.P.); (M.Z.)
| | - Eve Unt
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia;
- Department of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
- Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 1a Puusepa St., 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vahur Ööpik
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia; (L.S.); (S.T.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (L.M.); (M.L.)
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14
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Chatsirisupachai A, Muanjumpon P, Jeayeng S, Onkoksong T, Pluempreecha M, Soingam T, Panich U. Calcitriol/vitamin D receptor system alleviates PM2.5-induced human bronchial epithelial damage through upregulating mitochondrial bioenergetics in association with regulation of HIF-1α/PGC-1α signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 111:104568. [PMID: 39307374 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
PM2.5 exposure causes lung injury by triggering oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and modulating HIF-1α signaling. Calcitriol activates VDR, which regulates cellular homeostasis. This study evaluated the protective role of the calcitriol/VDR system in PM2.5-induced damage to BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells by reducing oxidative stress, upregulating mitochondrial bioenergetics, and downregulating HIF-1α. We found that the calcitriol/VDR system decreased ROS formation and restored mitochondrial bioenergetics in PM2.5-treated cells. This improvement correlated with reduced HIF-1α nuclear translocation and increased PGC-1α protein and mitochondrial gene expressions. This study is the first to suggest that targeting the calcitriol/VDR system could be a promising pharmacological strategy for mitigating PM2.5-induced lung epithelial damage by promoting mitochondrial bioenergetics and regulating PGC-1α and HIF-1α signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Phetthinee Muanjumpon
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Saowanee Jeayeng
- Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Research Center in Tropical Pathobiology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Tasanee Onkoksong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Mutita Pluempreecha
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Tanyapohn Soingam
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Uraiwan Panich
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
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15
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Lin Y, Chen J, Xin S, Lin Y, Chen Y, Zhou X, Chen H, Li X. CYP24A1 affected macrophage polarization through degradation of vitamin D as a candidate biomarker for ovarian cancer prognosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112575. [PMID: 38963981 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a fatal gynecological malignancy with a poor prognosis in which mitochondria-related genes are involved deeply. In this study, we aim to screen mitochondria-related genes that play a role in OC prognosis and investigate its effects. Through single-cell sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis, including TCGA ovarian cancer data analysis, gene expression signature analysis (GES), immune infiltration analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), our findings revealed that CYP24A1 regulated macrophage polarization through vitamin D (VD) degradation and served as a target gene for the second malignant subtype of OC through bioinformatics analyses. For further validation, the expression and function of CYP24A1 in OC cells was investigated. And the expression of CYP24A1 was much higher in carcinoma than in paracancerous tissue, whereas the VD content decreased in the OC cell lines with CYP24A1 overexpression. Moreover, macrophages were polarized towards M1 after the intervention of VD-treated OC cell lines and inhibited the malignant phenotypes of OC. However, the effect could be reversed by overexpressing CYP24A1, resulting in the polarization of M2 macrophages, thereby promoting tumor progression, as verified by constructing xenograft models in vitro. In conclusion, our findings suggested that CYP24A1 induced M2 macrophage polarization through interaction with VD, thus promoting the malignant progression of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- YaoXiang Lin
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - JiongFei Chen
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - SiJia Xin
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Lin
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - YongChao Chen
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Zhou
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, People's Republic of China.
| | - XiangJuan Li
- Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Peng B, Chen MW, Peng CR, Liu YY, Liu D. Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and asthma: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018. J Asthma 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39225308 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2024.2400604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Asthma is a heterogeneous respiratory disease characterized by airway hyper-responsiveness and reversible airflow blockage. There is ongoing debate about the impact of vitamin D on asthma. This research is focused on investigating the correlation between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and asthma. METHODS This cross-sectional study comprised 22,708 eligible participants. Data on asthma and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018 were analyzed. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were the main factor, with the presence of asthma as the outcome variable. Weighted logistic regression was utilized to investigate the relationship between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and asthma, while accounting for factors such as age, gender, race, length of time in US, annual family income, education level, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and cholesterol. RESULTS Upon adjusting all variables in model III, epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 displayed a negative correlation with current asthma at the lower quartile Q1 (0.784, [0.697 to 0.922]), Q2 (0.841, [0.729 to 0.946]), Q3 (0.396, [0.240 to 0.653]) when compared to the highest quartile Q4 level. However, no significant difference was observed between asthma and 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, as well as 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. CONCLUSIONS In the U.S. population, elevated levels of epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 are correlated with an increased risk of developing existing asthma. However, it is important to interpret this finding carefully given the constraints of cross-sectional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Peng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min-Wei Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Anhua People's Hospital, Yiyang, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng-Rong Peng
- Department of Tuberculosis Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu-Yan Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Da Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
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17
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Karcıoğlu Batur L, Dokur M, Koç S, Karabay M, Akcay ZN, Gunger E, Hekim N. Investigation of the Relationship between Vitamin D Deficiency and Vitamin D-Binding Protein Polymorphisms in Severe COVID-19 Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1941. [PMID: 39272727 PMCID: PMC11393911 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14171941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the association of vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) gene polymorphisms, vitamin D levels, and the severity of COVID-19, including the need for intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization. We analyzed a cohort of 56 consecutive age- and gender-matched adult COVID-19-positive patients and categorized them into three groups: outpatients with mild illness, inpatients with moderate disease, and ICU patients. We measured levels of free, total, and bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], VDBP, and albumin. VDBP polymorphisms rs5488 and rs7041 were identified using real-time PCR. A significant proportion of ICU patients were vitamin D-deficient (56.25%) compared to outpatients (10%) and inpatients (5%) (p = 0.0003). ICU patients also had notably lower levels of VDBP (median: 222 mg/L) and total 25(OH)D (median: 18.8 ng/mL). Most patients carried heterozygous rs7041 (60.7%) and wild-type rs4588 (58.9%) genotypes. The distribution of rs7041 SNP varied significantly among groups (p = 0.0301), while rs4588 SNP distribution did not (p = 0.424). Heterozygous rs4588 patients had significantly lower VDBP levels (p = 0.029) and reduced bioavailable 25(OH)D compared to those with wild-type rs4588 (p = 0.020). Our findings indicate that VDBP gene polymorphisms, particularly rs7041 and rs4588, are associated with vitamin D status and the severity of COVID-19. The lower VDBP levels and bioavailable vitamin D in ICU patients suggest that these genetic variants may influence disease severity and hospitalization needs. These results highlight the potential role of VDBP polymorphisms in COVID-19 severity, suggesting that genetic screening could be valuable in assessing the risk of severe outcomes and guiding personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutfiye Karcıoğlu Batur
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Biruni University, Istanbul 34015, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Dokur
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical Faculty, Biruni University, Istanbul 34015, Turkey
| | - Suna Koç
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty, Biruni University, Istanbul 34015, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Karabay
- Department of Infectious Disease, Private Medicana Hospitalis Bahçelievler, Istanbul 34180, Turkey
| | - Zeyneb Nur Akcay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Biruni University, Istanbul 34015, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Gunger
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Biruni University, Istanbul 34015, Turkey
| | - Nezih Hekim
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Biruni University, Istanbul 34015, Turkey
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Karampela I, Stratigou T, Antonakos G, Kounatidis D, Vallianou NG, Tsilingiris D, Dalamaga M. 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone in new onset sepsis: A prospective study in critically ill patients. Metabol Open 2024; 23:100296. [PMID: 38983450 PMCID: PMC11228765 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2024.100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypovitaminosis D is highly prevalent in critically ill patients, and it has been suggested to be a risk factor for infections, sepsis and higher mortality. We sought to investigate whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in critically ill patients with new onset sepsis are associated with severity and outcome. We prospectively included 50 consecutive critically ill adult cases with new onset sepsis and 50 healthy controls matched for age and sex. PTH and 25(OH)D were determined in serum via electrochemiluminescence immunoassays at inclusion in the study in all cases and controls, and one week after sepsis onset in cases. Patients had reduced 25(OH)D compared to controls at sepsis onset (7.9 ± 3 vs 24.6 ± 6.7 ng/mL, p < 0.001), whilst PTH was similar (median (range): 34.5 (5.7-218.5) vs 44.2 (14.2-98.1) pg/mL, p = 0.35). In patients, 25(OH)D upon enrollment and one week after did not differ significantly (7.9 ± 3 vs 7 ± 4.3 ng/mL, p = 0.19). All patients presented with hypovitaminosis D (25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL), while 40 patients (80 %) had vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 12 ng/mL) at sepsis onset, including all ten (20 %) nonsurvivors, who died within 28 days from sepsis onset. Patients with sepsis (N = 28) and septic shock (N = 22) as well as survivors (N = 40) and nonsurvivors (N = 10) had similar 25(OH)D at enrollment (p > 0.05). 25(OH)D was positively correlated with ionized calcium (r = 0.46, p < 0.001) and negatively with PTH (p < 0.05), while inflammatory biomarkers or the severity scores exhibited no correlation with 25(OH)D. Patients with septic shock and nonsurvivors had lower PTH than patients with sepsis and survivors respectively (42.2 ± 42.9 vs 73.4 ± 61.9 pg/mL, p = 0.04, and 18.3 ± 10.7 vs 69.9 ± 58.8 pg/mL, p = 0.001, respectively). C-reactive protein was negatively associated with PTH (r = -0.44, p = 0.001). In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency was present in 80 % of critically ill patients at sepsis onset, while nonsurvivors exhibited lower PTH than survivors. Additional, larger and multicenter studies are warranted to elucidate the contribution of vitamin D and PTH to the pathogenesis of sepsis and its outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Karampela
- Second Department of Critical Care, Attikon General University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini St., Haidari, 12462, Athens, Greece
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St., Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Stratigou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St., Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
- Department of Endocrinology, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou St., 10676, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Antonakos
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Attikon General University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Rimini St., Haidari, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Kounatidis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, 114 Vasilissis Sofias St., 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Natalia G Vallianou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 1 Sismanogleiou St., 15126, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsilingiris
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St., Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
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Chen Y, Zhang H, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Liu L, Jia Q, Wang Y, Kong Y. Association between cardiovascular health and serum vitamin D and its interaction with prediabetes and diabetes. Am J Med Sci 2024:S0002-9629(24)01414-9. [PMID: 39186977 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2024.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prediabetes and diabetes are common and serious public health problems, and high blood glucose can lead to serious cardiovascular complications. The purpose of this article was to explore the link between CVH levels and the incidence of prediabetes and diabetes in people over 20 years old, and whether serum vitamin D status could alter this relationship. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data, from six consecutive cycles of the NHANES database from 2007 to 2018 were combined, eligible participants were aged ≥20 years. After excluding missing data, a total of 19,992 subjects were enrolled in the study. Significant risk factors for prediabetes and diabetes were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Exploring the interaction of VD and CVH on prediabetes and diabetes based on multifactorial regression analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of prediabetes among all participants was 36.15% and the prevalence of diabetes was 16.39%. CVH and vitamin D levels are influential factors in prediabetes and diabetes, and are negatively associated with the risk of developing prediabetes and diabetes. Compared with normoglycemia, poorer CVH and vitamin D deficiency only had a synergistic multiplicative interaction on the development of diabetes, and no significant interaction was observed for the development of prediabetes. Compared with prediabetes, poorer CVH and vitamin D deficiency still had a synergistic additive interaction on the development of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Although the cross-sectional study only determine the association and do not prove causality, the current results can be used to prompt people to improve their lifestyle and risk factors to prevent prediabetes or diabetes through higher CVH and adequate Vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Haiyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yanbing Pan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yanzi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yuxuan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Qiuting Jia
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yongle Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yihui Kong
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Martins BL, Perico J, Bertoluci DFDF, Barbosa ASAA, Rosa PS, Nogueira MRS, de Souza VNB, Latini ACP. Iron and vitamin D intake on a diet are able to modify the in vitro immune response to Mycobacterium leprae. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2024; 119:e230178. [PMID: 39166620 PMCID: PMC11329276 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760230178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of nutrient availability on the survival of Mycobacterium leprae and the development of leprosy remains largely unknown. Iron is essential for the survival and replication of pathogens, while vitamin D has been involved with pathogen elimination and immunoregulation. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the influence of dietary iron and vitamin D supplementation and restriction on the inflammatory response of mouse immune cells in vitro. METHODS After 30 days of standard or modified diets, peritoneal cells and splenocytes were stimulated with the alive microorganisms and sonicated antigens of M. leprae, respectively. The production of inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and cell proliferation were evaluated. FINDINGS In peritoneal cells, vitamin D supplementation and iron restriction reduced the production of IL-6 and TNF in response to M. leprae, while splenocytes presented a reduction in TNF production under the same conditions. Lower levels of IFN-γ and TNF were observed in both iron-supplemented and iron-deficient splenocytes. Besides, iron supplementation also reduced the production of IL-6 and IL-10. No changes in the production of reactive oxygen species or in cell proliferation were observed related to different diets. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data point to an interference of the status of these nutrients on the interaction between the host and M. leprae, with the potential to interfere with the progression of leprosy. Our results highlight the impact of nutritional aspects on this neglected disease, which is significantly associated with unfavourable social conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Letícia Martins
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Tropicais, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Jonatas Perico
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Tropicais, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Daniele Ferreira de Faria Bertoluci
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Tropicais, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
- Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Governo do Estado de São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Patricia Sammarco Rosa
- Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Governo do Estado de São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - Maria Renata Sales Nogueira
- Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Governo do Estado de São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brasil
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Vânia Nieto Brito de Souza
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Tropicais, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
- Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Governo do Estado de São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - Ana Carla Pereira Latini
- Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Tropicais, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
- Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Governo do Estado de São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brasil
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Chen F, Gao Y, Wang Y, Pan Z, Chen Y, Sheng H, Chen Q, Ye F. Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamins D 2 and D 3 with hearing loss in US adults: analysis from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2015-2016. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1390953. [PMID: 39131738 PMCID: PMC11310169 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1390953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hearing loss (HL) is increasingly recognized as a significant global public health issue, and research on its relationship with vitamin D levels has gained wider attention. However, the association between serum biomarkers 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25(OH)D2) and D3 (25(OH)D3) with different types of HL remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential association of serum 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 with HL in US adults. Methods A sample of 3,684 individuals aged 20-69 years from the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination (NHANES) was analyzed in this study. HL was defined as a pure tone average > 25 dB in either ear at low frequencies (500, 1,000, 2000 Hz), speech frequencies (500, 1,000, 2000, 4,000 Hz), and high frequencies (3,000, 4,000, 6,000, 8,000 Hz). Logistic regression was employed to examine the association between serum 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 and HL. The study population was then stratified by age, gender, race, and education level to analyze potential differences between adults in different subgroups. Results In the multivariate analysis, it was found that serum 25(OH)D2 was independently associated with low-frequency hearing loss (LFHL) (OR: 1.012 [95% CI, 1.005-1.020]) and speech-frequency hearing loss (SFHL) (OR: 1.011 [95% CI, 1.003-1.018]). Restrictive cubic spline analysis demonstrated a linear dose-response relationship between serum 25(OH)D2 levels and LFHL (p for linearity <0.001), as well as SFHL (p for linearity = 0.001). Conversely, an L-shaped association was observed between serum 25(OH)D3 levels and both LFHL (p for nonlinearity = 0.014) and SFHL (p for nonlinearity = 0.025), with threshold values identified at 35.3 and 36.5 nmol/L, respectively. Higher levels of serum 25(OH)D3 were associated with a lower probability of high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL) (OR: 0.994 [95% CI, 0.989-0.999]), with a threshold value identified at 53.9 nmol/L. Furthermore, a significant interaction between diabetes and serum 25(OH)D2 in LFHL was revealed through subgroup analysis (p = 0.041). In the non-diabetic population, serum 25(OH)D2 maintained its association with LFHL. Conclusion Our findings suggested a positive association between serum 25(OH)D2 concentrations and both LFHL and SFHL in the studied cohort. Additionally, an L-shaped relationship was found between serum 25(OH)D3 and LFHL and SFHL, and higher levels of serum 25(OH)D3 were identified to be associated with a lower risk of HFHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yufan Gao
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yukai Wang
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ziyu Pan
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yinuo Chen
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huixiang Sheng
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- The School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Shalaby R, Nawawy ME, Selim K, Bahaa S, Refai SE, Maksoud AE, Sayed ME, Essawy A, Elshaer A, ElShaer M, Kamel MM, Gamil Y. The role of vitamin D in amelioration of oral lichen planus and its effect on salivary and tissue IFN-γ level: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:813. [PMID: 39020381 PMCID: PMC11256592 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common, prevalent, immune-mediated, inflammatory disease affecting both the skin and oral mucosa and is considered one of the potentially malignant diseases. Since OLP is regarded as an immunologically mediated disease, some studies suggest the use of vitamin D (VD) for its management as it exhibits immune-modulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, as well as anti-proliferative, pro-differentiative, and anti-angiogenic effects. VD has demonstrated a suppressive effect on TH1 pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ while augmenting the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines. At the same time, VD deficiency is a prevalent public issue. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of VD as an adjunct to steroids in the management of VD-deficient OLP patients as well as its inhibitory effect on IFN-γ through measurement of salivary and tissue IFN-γ levels in OLP patients. METHODS A total of 40 patients with ulcerative or erythematous OLP, diagnosed according to the World Health Organization's (WHO) modified criteria for OLP, were randomly allocated into one of the two study groups to receive either systemic steroids in addition to VD supplements (Group A) or systemic steroids only (Group B). Blood samples were collected for the measurement of serum VD level (SVDL) using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to involve only patients with VD deficiency or insufficiency (≤ 30 ng/ml). Clinical evaluation of the lesion involved objective signs and subjective symptoms. Also, changes in salivary and tissue INF-γ levels (in pg/mL and pg/mg, respectively) were determined using the ELISA technique. All parameters were measured at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment. The clinical pharmacy team devised a checklist to record all team interventions. The interventions were categorized into six domains, including drug interactions and/or adverse reactions, medication dose issues, drug selection issues, support with medication history, patient-related concerns, and suggestions for dental medication. RESULTS After one month of treatment, a significantly greater number of patients in group A showed complete pain relief and resolution of clinical lesions, as well as a greater number of patients showing a reduction in the clinical severity of lesions than in group B (P = 0.005). Also, there was a statistically significant reduction in average VAS pain scores and clinical scores in group A compared to group B after 1 month of treatment (P = 0.001 and 0.002, respectively). Furthermore, there was a statistically significant greater reduction in salivary and tissue IFN-γ levels in group A than in group B (P ≤ 0.001 and 0.029, respectively) after 1 month of treatment. CONCLUSION Current evidence suggests a significant preventive and therapeutic role for VD as an adjunct to standard therapies indicated for OLP lesions. These protective and therapeutic functions are achieved through the suppressive effect of VD on pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IFN-γ. Also, salivary IFN-γ appears to be a valuable prognostic marker for monitoring the progression of OLP. In addition, the inter-professional collaboration between dentists and clinical pharmacists helped to deliver complete, patient-centered primary care and ensured the quality of the medications included in patient kits, thus improving patient treatment and management. Nevertheless, further studies with larger sample sizes, longer follow-ups, and standardized designs may still be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Shalaby
- Oral Medicine, Diagnosis, and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
| | - Marwa El Nawawy
- Oral Medicine, Diagnosis, and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Selim
- Oral Medicine, Diagnosis, and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samah Bahaa
- Oral Medicine, Diagnosis, and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar El Refai
- Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mahitab El Sayed
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya Essawy
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Elshaer
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed ElShaer
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Moataz Maher Kamel
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasmine Gamil
- Department of Oral Medicine, Diagnosis, and Periodontology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Surgery, Modern University for Technology and Information, MTI University, Cairo, Egypt
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Tafteh N, Rezaeian S, Abdollahzad H, Sabzi F. The Association of Serum Vitamin D With Anthropometric Indices, Lipid Profile, ICAM-1, and IL-17 in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. Clin Nutr Res 2024; 13:165-175. [PMID: 39165290 PMCID: PMC11333149 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2024.13.3.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum levels of vitamin D with anthropometric indices, lipid profile and vascular inflammatory factors, in patients who candidate for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in patients who were candidate for CABG. Demographic information, medical records, anthropometric indicators, blood samples, and physical activity of 150 patients were collected. 146 participants with mean ± standard deviation of age: 61.8 ± 10.0 years and body mass index: 26.9 ± 3.7 kg/m2 completed the study. Based on serum levels of vitamin D, patients were divided into 2 groups; groups with sufficient (≥ 30 ng/mL) and insufficient amount of vitamin D (< 30 ng/mL). The 30.14% of the patients had serum vitamin D deficiency. Ejection fraction (EF) % between the 2 groups had significant difference. Unexpectedly the EF% increased 7% in patients with insufficient level of vitamin D (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.11; p = 0.001). Vitamin D status had a significant inverse association with body weight. The odds of vitamin D deficiency significantly increased by 4% with increasing one kg in weight (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1-1.08; p = 0.044). There were no significant association between serum vitamin D level and intra cellular adhesion molecule-1, interleukin-17, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile (p > 0.05). Considering the inverse association observed between serum vitamin D with EF% and body weight, vitamin D may play a role in modulating of these indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Tafteh
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
| | - Shahab Rezaeian
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
| | - Hadi Abdollahzad
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 5756115111, Iran
- Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 5756115111, Iran
| | - Feridoun Sabzi
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
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Liu Y, Zheng Y, Ding S. The correlation between serum calcium levels and prognosis in patients with severe acute osteomyelitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1378730. [PMID: 38903514 PMCID: PMC11186995 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1378730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the relationship between serum calcium levels and the prognosis of severe acute osteomyelitis, and to assess the effectiveness of calcium levels in prognostic evaluation. Methods Relevant patient records of individuals diagnosed with severe acute osteomyelitis were obtained for this retrospective study from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV). The study aimed to assess the impact of different indicators on prognosis by utilizing COX regression analysis. To enhance prognostic prediction for critically ill patients, a nomogram was developed. The discriminatory capacity of the nomogram was evaluated using the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, in addition to the calibration curve. Result The study analyzed a total of 1,133 cases of severe acute osteomyelitis, divided into the survivor group (1,025 cases) and the non-survivor group (108 cases). Significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of age, hypertension, sepsis, renal injury, and various laboratory indicators, including WBC, PLT, Ca2+, CRP, hemoglobin, albumin, and creatinine (P<0.05). However, no significant differences were found in race, gender, marital status, detection of wound microbiota, blood sugar, lactate, and ALP levels. A multivariate COX proportional hazards model was constructed using age, hypertension, sepsis, Ca2+, creatinine, albumin, and hemoglobin as variables. The results revealed that hypertension and sepsis had a significant impact on survival time (HR=0.514, 95% CI 0.339-0.779, P=0.002; HR=1.696, 95% CI 1.056-2.723, P=0.029). Age, hemoglobin, Ca2+, albumin, and creatinine also showed significant effects on survival time (P<0.05). However, no statistically significant impact on survival time was observed for the other variables (P>0.05). To predict the survival time, a nomogram was developed using the aforementioned indicators and achieved an AUC of 0.841. The accuracy of the nomogram was further confirmed by the ROC curve and calibration curve. Conclusion According to the findings, this study establishes that a reduction in serum calcium levels serves as a distinct and standalone predictor of mortality among individuals diagnosed with severe acute osteomyelitis during their stay in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) within a span of two years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Women and Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of School of Foundation, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University, Ningbo, China
| | - Sheng Ding
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Women and Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Manolis AA, Manolis TA, Manolis AS. Managing chronic coronary syndrome: how do we achieve optimal patient outcomes? Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2024; 22:243-263. [PMID: 38757743 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2024.2357344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) remains the leading cause of death worldwide with high admission/re-admission rates. Medical databases were searched on CCS & its management. AREAS COVERED This review discusses phenotypes per stress-echocardiography, noninvasive/invasive testing (coronary computed-tomography angiography-CCTA; coronary artery calcium - CAC score; echocardiography assessing wall-motion, LV function, valvular disease; biomarkers), multidisciplinary management (risk factors/anti-inflammatory/anti-ischemic/antithrombotic therapies and revascularization), newer treatments (colchicine/ivabradine/ranolazine/melatonin), cardiac rehabilitation/exercise improving physical activity and quality-of-life, use of the implantable-defibrillator, and treatment with extracorporeal shockwave-revascularization for refractory symptoms. EXPERT OPINION CCS is age-dependent, leading cause of death worldwide with high hospitalization rates. Stress-echocardiography defines phenotypes and guides prophylaxis and management. CAC is a surrogate for atherosclerosis burden, best for patients of intermediate/borderline risk. Higher CAC-scores indicate more severe coronary abnormalities. CCTA is preferred for noninvasive detection of CAC and atherosclerosis burden, determining stenosis' functional significance, and guiding management. Combining CAC score with CCTA improves diagnostic yield and assists prognosis. Echocardiography assesses LV wall-motion and function and valvular disease. Biomarkers guide diagnosis/prognosis. CCS management is multidisciplinary: risk-factor management, anti-inflammatory/anti-ischemic/antithrombotic therapies, and revascularization. Newer therapies comprise colchicine, ivabradine, ranolazine, melatonin, glucagon-like peptide-1-receptor antagonists. Cardiac rehabilitation/exercise improves physical activity and quality-of-life. An ICD protects from sudden death. Extracorporeal shockwave-revascularization treats refractory symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Theodora A Manolis
- Department of Psychiatry, Aiginiteio University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis S Manolis
- First Department of Cardiology, Ippokrateio University Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Shintani T, Higaki M, Rosli SNZ, Okamoto T. Potential treatment of squamous cell carcinoma by targeting heparin-binding protein 17/fibroblast growth factor-binding protein 1 with vitamin D 3 or eldecalcitol. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:583-589. [PMID: 38713345 PMCID: PMC11286729 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00913-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Heparin-binding protein 17 (HBp17), first purified in 1991 from the conditioned medium of the human A431 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell line, was later renamed fibroblast growth factor-binding protein 1 (FGFBP-1). HBp17/FGFBP-1 is specifically expressed and secreted by epithelial cells, and it reversibly binds to fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1 and FGF-2, as well as FGFs-7, -10, and -22, indicating a crucial involvement in the transportation and function of these FGFs. Our laboratory has investigated and reported several studies to elucidate the function of HBp17/FGFBP-1 in SCC cells and its potential as a molecular therapeutic target. HBp17/FGFBP-1 transgene exoression in A431-4 cells, a clonal subline of A431 that lacks tumorigenicity and does not express HBp17/FGFBP-1, demonstrated a significantly enhanced proliferation in vitro compared with A431-4 cells, and it acquired tumorigenicity in the subcutis of nude mice. Knockout (KO) of the HBp17/FGFBP-1 by genome editing significantly suppressed tumor growth, cell motility, and tumorigenicity compared with control cells. A comprehensive analysis of expressed molecules in both cell types revealed that molecules that promote epithelial cell differentiation were highly expressed in HBp17/FGFBP-1 KO cells. Additionally, we reported that 1α,25(OH)2D3 or eldecalcitol (ED-71), which is an analog of 1α,25(OH)2D3, suppresses HBp17/FGFBP-1 expression and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells signaling pathway. Here, we discuss the prospects of molecular targeted therapy targeting HBp17/FGFBP-1 with 1α,25(OH)2D3 or ED71 in SCC and oral SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Shintani
- Center of Oral Clinical Examination, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Mirai Higaki
- Department of Molecular Oral Medicine and Maxilofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Siti Nur Zawani Rosli
- Department of Molecular Oral Medicine and Maxilofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Institute for Medical Research, Bacteriology Unit, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 40170, Setia Alam, Malaysia
| | - Tetsuji Okamoto
- Department of Molecular Oral Medicine and Maxilofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
- School of Medical Sciences, University of East Asia, Shimonoseki, 751-8503, Japan
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Carboo JA, Dolman-Macleod RC, Malan L, Lombard MJ. High-dose oral vitamin D supplementation for prevention of infections in children aged 0 to 59 months: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:579-599. [PMID: 37428896 PMCID: PMC11009788 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Vitamin D plays an important role in immune function, and the deficiency thereof has been associated with several infections, most notably respiratory tract infections. However, data from intervention studies investigating the effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on infections have been inconclusive. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of evidence regarding the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation above the standard dose (400 IU) in preventing infections in apparently healthy children < 5 years of age. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and MEDLINE electronic databases were searched between August 2022 and November 2022. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. DATA EXTRACTION Meta-analyses of outcomes in more than one study were performed using Review Manager software. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 statistic. Randomized controlled trials in which vitamin D was supplemented at > 400 IU compared with placebo, no treatment, or standard dose were included. DATA ANALYSIS Seven trials that enrolled a total of 5748 children were included. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95%CIs were calculated using random- and fixed-effects models. There was no significant effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of upper respiratory tract infection (OR, 0.83; 95%CI, 0.62-1.10). There was a 57% (95%CI, 0.30-0.61), 56% (95%CI, 0.27-0.07), and 59% (95%CI, 0.26-0.65) reduction in the odds of influenza/cold, cough, and fever incidence, respectively, with daily supplementation of vitamin D > 1000 IU. No effect was found on bronchitis, otitis media, diarrhea/gastroenteritis, primary care visits for infections, hospitalizations, or mortality. CONCLUSION High-dose vitamin D supplementation provided no benefit in preventing upper respiratory tract infections (moderate certainty of evidence) but reduced the incidence influenza/cold (moderate certainty of evidence), cough, and fever (low certainty of evidence). These findings are based on a limited number of trials and should be interpreted with caution. Further research is needed. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration number CRD42022355206.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Adede Carboo
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition (CEN), North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West Province, South Africa
| | - Robin Claire Dolman-Macleod
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition (CEN), North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West Province, South Africa
| | - Linda Malan
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition (CEN), North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West Province, South Africa
| | - Martani Johanni Lombard
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition (CEN), North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West Province, South Africa
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Fu Y, Lu M, Zhang K, Sun Y, Tan X, Wang N, Xu F, Jiang B, Lu Y, Wang B. Vitamin D status, vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, and risk of type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024:dgae221. [PMID: 38571313 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Vitamin D status has been associated with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but evidence is scarce regarding whether such relation differs by glycemic status. OBJECTIVE To prospectively investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and risk of incident T2D across the glycemic spectrum and the modification effect of genetic variants in vitamin D receptor (VDR). METHODS This prospective study included 379,699 participants without T2D at baseline from the UK Biobank. Analyses were performed according to glycemic status and HbA1c levels. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. RESULTS During a median of 14.1 years of follow-up, 6,315 participants with normoglycemia and 9,085 prediabetes patients developed T2D. Compared to individuals with 25(OH)D <25 nmol/L, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) of incident T2D for those with 25(OH)D ≥75 nmol/L was 0.62 (0.56, 0.70) among the normoglycemia and 0.64 (0.58, 0.70) among the prediabetes. A significant interaction was observed between 25(OH)D and VDR polymorphisms among participants with prediabetes (Pinteraction=0.017), whereby the reduced HR of T2D associated with higher 25(OH)D was more prominent in those carrying T allele of rs1544410. Triglycerides levels mediated 26% and 34% of the association between serum 25(OH)D and incident T2D among participants with normoglycemia and prediabetes. CONCLUSIONS Higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with lower T2D risk across the glycemic spectrum below the threshold for diabetes, and the relations in prediabetes were modified by VDR polymorphisms. Improving lipid profile, mainly triglycerides, accounted for part of the favorable associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Fu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Lu
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Xu
- iHuman Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Boren Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingli Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Sharma S, Garg M. Investigating the role of vitamin D in asthma. eLife 2024; 13:e97031. [PMID: 38567741 PMCID: PMC10990483 DOI: 10.7554/elife.97031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Results in mice suggest that vitamin D reduces the symptoms of asthma by controlling an immune response that leads to inflammation of the airways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mayank Garg
- Simons Ashoka Fellowship Program, Trivedi School of Biosciences, Ashoka UniversitySonipatIndia
- Koita Centre for Digital Health, Trivedi School of Biosciences, Ashoka UniversitySonipatIndia
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Gwenzi T, Schrotz-King P, Anker SC, Schöttker B, Hoffmeister M, Brenner H. Post-operative C-reactive protein as a strong independent predictor of long-term colorectal cancer outcomes: consistent findings from two large patient cohorts. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102982. [PMID: 38613909 PMCID: PMC11033061 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.102982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-surgery blood-based biomarkers may be useful for guiding treatment and surveillance decisions among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, most candidate biomarkers provide little if any predictive value beyond stage at diagnosis. We aimed to investigate the independent prognostic value of post-operative serum C-reactive protein (CRP), a highly sensitive biomarker of inflammation, for long-term CRC outcomes in two large patient cohorts. MATERIALS AND METHODS CRP levels were measured from serum samples of CRC patients collected ≥1 month post-surgery in the German DACHS (n = 1416) and the UK Biobank (n = 1149) cohorts. Associations of post-operative CRP with overall survival (OS) and CRC-specific survival (CSS) were assessed using Cox regression and presented as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for key sociodemographic and clinical covariates. RESULTS In both cohorts, consistent strong dose-response relationships between post-operative CRP and both OS and CSS were observed. Adjusted HRs (95% CI) for CRP >10 versus <3 mg/l were 1.93 (1.58-2.35) and 2.70 (2.03-3.59) in the DACHS cohort, and 2.70 (1.96-3.71) and 2.61 (1.83-3.72) in the UK Biobank cohort, respectively. Associations between post-operative CRP and OS were particularly strong among younger patients (<65 years at diagnosis; P value for interaction by age <0.01). CONCLUSIONS Serum CRP determined a month or more after surgery may be useful as a strong independent prognostic biomarker for guiding therapeutic decisions and for surveillance of the course of disease of CRC patients, particularly those <65 years of age at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gwenzi
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg
| | - P Schrotz-King
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg
| | - S C Anker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg
| | - B Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg; Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg
| | - M Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
| | - H Brenner
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg; Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg; Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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31
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Rizwan M, Cheng K, Gang Y, Hou Y, Wang C. Immunomodulatory Effects of Vitamin D and Zinc on Viral Infection. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04139-y. [PMID: 38451442 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Several nutrients are crucial in enhancing the immune system and preserving the structural integrity of bodily tissue barriers. Vitamin D (VD) and zinc (Zn) have received considerable interest due to their immunomodulatory properties and ability to enhance the body's immune defenses. Due to their antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and immunomodulatory properties, the two nutritional powerhouses VD and Zn are crucial for innate and adaptive immunity. As observed with COVID-19, deficiencies in these micronutrients impair immune responses, increasing susceptibility to viral infections and severe disease. Ensuring an adequate intake of VD and Zn emerges as a promising strategy for fortifying the immune system. Ongoing clinical trials are actively investigating their potential therapeutic advantages. Beyond the immediate context of the pandemic, these micronutrients offer valuable tools for enhancing immunity and overall well-being, especially in the face of future viral threats. This analysis emphasizes the enduring significance of VD and Zn as both treatment and preventive measures against potential viral challenges beyond the current health crisis. The overview delves into the immunomodulatory potential of VD and Zn in combating viral infections, with particular attention to their effects on animals. It provides a comprehensive summary of current research findings regarding their individual and synergistic impacts on immune function, underlining their potential in treating and preventing viral infections. Overall, this overview underscores the need for further research to understand how VD and Zn can modulate the immune response in combatting viral diseases in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yang Gang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuntao Hou
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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32
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Jiang Q, Prabahar K, Saleh SAK, Adly HM, Velu P, Adi AR, Baradwan S, Hajkhalaf MI, Baredwan A, Gari F, Kord-Varkaneh H. The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on C-Reactive Protein and Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure in Postmenopausal Women: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Acad Nutr Diet 2024; 124:387-396.e5. [PMID: 38441080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An inverse relationship between vitamin D supplementation and C-reactive protein (CRP) and hypertension has been reported, mostly through observational data. This inverse relationship, however, has not been confirmed in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A meta-analysis of RCTs is needed to provide more robust evidence. OBJECTIVE This systematic review of RCTs was conducted to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on CRP, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in postmenopausal women. METHODS Four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus) were systemically searched to identify relevant RCTs published in international scientific journals up to January 2023. Changes from baseline and SDs of CRP, SBP, and DBP were compared between postmenopausal women who received vitamin D supplementation and those who did not (controls). These parameters were applied to compute the overall effect sizes using the random-effects model. Data were summarized as mean difference (MD) with 95% CI. Heterogeneity among arms was scrutinized using the Cochrane's Q test and I2 statistic. Publication bias was judged by means of funnel plots and Egger's test. RESULTS Seven studies with 6 arms on CRP, 6 arms on SBP, and 6 arms on DBP were included in the meta-analysis. Combined effect sizes suggested a significant effect of vitamin D supplementation on CRP (MD = -0.65 mg/L; 95% CI -0.93 to -0.37 mg/L; P < .001). In addition, CRP concentrations were significantly reduced after vitamin D supplementation in studies with a duration of more than 3 months (MD = -0.91 mg/L; 95% CI -1.37 to -0.45 mg/L; P < .001) and studies involving doses of ≤1,000 IU/d (MD = -2.10 mg/L; 95% CI -2.51 to -1.68 mg/L; P < .001). Vitamin D supplementation did not reduce SBP significantly (MD = -1.06 mm Hg; 95% CI -2.43 to 0.30 mm Hg; P = .127) and DBP (MD = 0.003 mm Hg; 95% CI -0.86 to 0.86 mm Hg; P = .994) levels compared with control groups. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis concluded that vitamin D supplementation is associated with reduced CRP concentrations among postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidong Jiang
- Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Kousalya Prabahar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A K Saleh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Oncology Diagnostic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba M Adly
- Department of Community Medicine and Pilgrims Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Periyannan Velu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Saeed Baradwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahlam Baredwan
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Gari
- Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hamed Kord-Varkaneh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Baradwan S, Gari A, Sabban H, Alshahrani MS, Khadawardi K, Bukhari IA, Alyousef A, Abu-Zaid A. The effect of antioxidant supplementation on dysmenorrhea and endometriosis-associated painful symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2024; 67:186-198. [PMID: 38221738 PMCID: PMC10948216 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.23210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of dietary antioxidant supplements on the severity of endometriosis-related pain symptoms. The PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched until April 2022. Additionally, we manually searched the reference lists. Endpoints were summarized as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in a random-effects model. The I2 statistic was used to assess heterogeneity. Ten RCTs were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, 10 studies were related to dysmenorrhea, four to dyspareunia, and four to pelvic pain. Antioxidants significantly reduced dysmenorrhea (SMD, -0.48; 95% CI, -0.82 to -0.13; I2=75.14%). In a subgroup analysis, a significant reduction of dysmenorrhea was observed only in a subset of trials that administered vitamin D (SMD, -0.59; 95% CI, -1.13 to -0.06; I2=69.59%) and melatonin (SMD, -1.40; 95% CI, -2.47 to -0.32; I2=79.15%). Meta-analysis results also suggested that antioxidant supplementation significantly improved pelvic pain (SMD, -1.51; 95% CI, -2.74 to -0.29; I2=93.96%), although they seem not to have a significant beneficial impact on the severity of dyspareunia. Dietary antioxidant supplementation seems to beneficially impact the severity of endometriosis-related dysmenorrhea (with an emphasis on vitamin D and melatonin) and pelvic pain. However, due to the relatively small sample size and high heterogeneity, the findings should be interpreted cautiously, and the importance of further well-designed clinical studies cannot be overstated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Baradwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahim Gari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah,
Saudi Arabia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al Salama Hospital, Jeddah,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein Sabban
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah,
Saudi Arabia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine at Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, Najran,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Khadawardi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibtihal Abdulaziz Bukhari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alyousef
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abu-Zaid
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia
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Xu Z, Yu K, Zhang M, Ju Y, He J, Jiang Y, Li Y, Jiang J. Accurate Clinical Detection of Vitamin D by Mass Spectrometry: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-25. [PMID: 38376891 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2316237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is thought to be associated with a wide range of diseases, including diabetes, cancer, depression, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This vitamin D deficiency is a global epidemic affecting both developing and developed countries and therefore qualitative and quantitative analysis of vitamin D in a clinical context is essential. Mass spectrometry has played an increasingly important role in the clinical analysis of vitamin D because of its accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the ability to detect multiple substances at the same time. Despite their many advantages, mass spectrometry-based methods are not without analytical challenges. Front-end and back-end challenges such as protein precipitation, analyte extraction, derivatization, mass spectrometer functionality, must be carefully considered to provide accurate and robust analysis of vitamin D through a well-designed approach with continuous control by internal and external quality control. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the development of mass spectrometry methods for vitamin D accurate analysis, including emphasis on status markers, deleterious effects of biological matrices, derivatization reactions, effects of ionization sources, contribution of epimers, standardization of assays between laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Xu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Kai Yu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yun Ju
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jing He
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
| | - Yanxiao Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
| | - Yunuo Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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Fang X, Xie Y, Cao S, Liu J, Shi Y, Yu L, Zheng T, Liu H, Li Y, Xu S, Xia W. Associations between maternal urinary rare earth elements during pregnancy and birth weight-for-gestational age: Roles of cord blood vitamin D levels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169222. [PMID: 38081430 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to rare earth elements (REEs) may contribute to adverse birth outcomes in previous studies. Cord blood vitamin D has been suggested to modify or mediate the effects of environmental exposures. However, none has investigated these roles of cord blood vitamin D in the associations of prenatal exposure to REEs with fetal growth. Maternal trimester-specific urinary concentrations of 13 REEs, cord blood total 25-hydroxyvitamin D at delivery, and birth weight (BW)-for-gestational age (GA) were determined in 710 mother-newborn pairs from Wuhan, China. Higher maternal average urinary concentrations of europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), and ytterbium (Yb) across three trimesters, either individually or jointly, were significantly associated with lower BW-for-GA Z-scores and higher odds of small for gestational age (SGA) [β = -0.092; 95 % confidence interval (CI): -0.149, -0.035 for BW-for-GA Z-scores, and odds ratio = 1.60; 95 % CI: 1.14, 2.24 for SGA involved in each unit increase in weighted quantile sum index of REEs mixture]. When stratified by cord blood vitamin D levels, the associations mentioned above persisted in participants with relatively low vitamin D levels (<13.94 μg/L, the first tertile of distribution), but not among those with relatively high levels (≥13.94 μg/L) (all p-values for interaction < 0.05). The mediation analyses taking account of exposure-mediator interaction showed that the relationships between REEs (as individual and mixture) exposure and lower BW-for-GA were partly mediated through decreasing cord blood vitamin D levels. The proportions mediated by cord blood vitamin D levels were 24.48 % for BW-for-GA Z-scores and 29.05 % for SGA corresponding to the REEs mixture exposure. Conclusively, our study revealed that prenatal exposures to Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, and Yb were related to fetal growth restriction. Cord blood vitamin D might alleviate toxic effects of these REEs and its reduction might partly mediate REE-induced fetal growth restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Fang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ya Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuting Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiangtao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yujie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States
| | - Hongxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Cutuli SL, Ferrando ES, Cammarota F, Franchini E, Caroli A, Lombardi G, Tanzarella ES, Grieco DL, Antonelli M, De Pascale G. Update on vitamin D role in severe infections and sepsis. JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIA, ANALGESIA AND CRITICAL CARE 2024; 4:4. [PMID: 38263252 PMCID: PMC10804708 DOI: 10.1186/s44158-024-00139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Severe infections frequently require admission to the intensive care unit and cause life-threatening complications in critically ill patients. In this setting, severe infections are acknowledged as prerequisites for the development of sepsis, whose pathophysiology implies a dysregulated host response to pathogens, leading to disability and mortality worldwide.Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone that plays a pivotal role to maintain immune system homeostasis, which is of paramount importance to resolve infection and modulate the burden of sepsis. Specifically, vitamin D deficiency has been widely reported in critically ill patients and represents a risk factor for the development of severe infections, sepsis and worse clinical outcomes. Several studies have demonstrated the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation strategies to improve vitamin D body content, but conflictual results support its benefit in general populations of critically ill patients. In contrast, small randomised clinical trials reported that vitamin D supplementation may improve host-defence to pathogen invasion via the production of cathelicidin and specific cytokines. Nonetheless, no large scale investigations have been designed to specifically assess the impact of vitamin D supplementation on the outcome of critically ill septic patients admitted to the intensive care unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Lucio Cutuli
- Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Di Anestesiologia E Rianimazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fabiola Cammarota
- Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Di Anestesiologia E Rianimazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Franchini
- Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Di Anestesiologia E Rianimazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Caroli
- Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Di Anestesiologia E Rianimazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Lombardi
- Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Di Anestesiologia E Rianimazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Eloisa Sofia Tanzarella
- Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Di Anestesiologia E Rianimazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Luca Grieco
- Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Di Anestesiologia E Rianimazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Antonelli
- Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Di Anestesiologia E Rianimazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro De Pascale
- Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
- Istituto Di Anestesiologia E Rianimazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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Pabón-Carrasco M, Caceres-Matos R, Roche-Campos M, Hurtado-Guapo MA, Ortiz-Romero M, Gordillo-Fernández LM, Pabón-Carrasco D, Castro-Méndez A. Management of Skin Lesions in Patients with Epidermolysis Bullosa by Topical Treatment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:261. [PMID: 38275540 PMCID: PMC11154251 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is the overarching term for a set of rare inherited skin fragility disorders that result from mutations in at least 20 different genes. Currently, there is no cure for any of the EB subtypes associated with various mutations. Existing therapies primarily focus on alleviating pain and promoting early wound healing to prevent potential complications. Consequently, there is an urgent need for innovative therapeutic approaches. The objective of this research was to assess the efficacy of various topical treatments in patients with EB with the goal of achieving wound healing. A secondary objective was to analyse the efficacy of topical treatments for symptom reduction. A literature search was conducted using scientific databases, including The Cochrane Library, Medline (Pubmed), Web of Science, CINHAL, Embase, and Scopus. The protocol review was registered in PROSPERO (ID: 418790), and inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in the selection of 23 articles. Enhanced healing times were observed compared with the control group. No conclusive data have been observed on pain management, infection, pruritus episodes, and cure rates over time. Additionally, evidence indicates significant progress in gene therapies (B-VEC), as well as cell and protein therapies. The dressing group, Oleogel S-10, allantoin and diacerein 1%, were the most represented, followed by fibroblast utilisation. In addition, emerging treatments that improve the patient's innate immunity, such as calcipotriol, are gaining attention. However, more trials are needed to reduce the prevalence of blistering and improve the quality of life of individuals with epidermolysis bullosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Pabón-Carrasco
- Research Group PAIDI-CTS-1054: “Interventions and Health Care, Red Cross (ICSCRE)”, Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 6 Avenzoar ST, 41009 Seville, Spain;
| | - Rocio Caceres-Matos
- Research Group PAIDI-CTS-1050: “Complex Care, Chronicity and Health Outcomes”, Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 6 Avenzoar ST, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Mercedes Ortiz-Romero
- Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (M.O.-R.); (L.M.G.-F.); (A.C.-M.)
| | - Luis M. Gordillo-Fernández
- Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (M.O.-R.); (L.M.G.-F.); (A.C.-M.)
| | | | - Aurora Castro-Méndez
- Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (M.O.-R.); (L.M.G.-F.); (A.C.-M.)
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38
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Khalili SM, Rafiei EH, Havaei M, Alizadeh L, Ghahremani F, Keshavarz Z, Montazeri A, Riazi H. Relationship between human papillomavirus and serum vitamin D levels: a systematic review. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:80. [PMID: 38216875 PMCID: PMC10787408 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. The present review was conducted to accumulate evidence on the relationship between cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection and serum vitamin D status. METHODS Electronic databases including Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and PubMed were searched by different combinations of keywords related to "human papillomavirus" and "vitamin D", obtained from Mesh and Emtree with AND, and OR operators without any time restriction until December 24, 2022. Selection of articles was based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist was applied for reporting. RESULTS In total, 276 citations were retrieved. After removing duplicates, and non-related articles, the full texts of 7 articles were reviewed including 11168 participants. Three studies reported that there was a positive relationship between vitamin D deficiency and cervicovaginal human papillomavirus while three studies did not. One study showed a significant positive association between higher vitamin D stores and short-term high-risk human papillomavirus persistence. CONCLUSIONS The findings showed no firm evidence for any association between serum vitamin D level and cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection, although the possible association could not be discarded. Further investigations are needed to reach sound evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Maryam Khalili
- Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Haji Rafiei
- Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Havaei
- Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Alizadeh
- Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshte Ghahremani
- Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Keshavarz
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Montazeri
- Population Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Humanity Sciences, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedyeh Riazi
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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39
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Liu S, Tan B, Zhou J, Xiao L, Li M, Yin J. Vitamin D status and the risk of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Neurosci 2024; 119:185-192. [PMID: 38113581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have linked vitamin D deficiency with autoimmune diseases, and recent research has found low vitamin D levels in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients. We aimed to determine the variances in serum 25(OH)D levels between NMOSD patients and healthy controls. METHODS We searched English and Chinese databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI, WanFang Med, VIP) for observational studies related to serum 25(OH)D levels in NMOSD patients published up to August 24, 2023. We included studies with healthy controls and compared serum 25(OH)D levels between NMOSD patients and controls. We computed the mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for continuous variables to evaluate serum 25(OH)D levels and combined odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for dichotomized 25(OH)D data. RESULTS Six papers were selected for meta-analysis, including 794 participants (347 in the NMOSD group and 447 in the healthy control group). Meta-analysis showed significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels in the NMOSD group (MD: -7.83, 95 % CI: -10.99 to -4.68). The risk of 25(OH)D deficiency was 23.36 times higher in the NMOSD group (OR: 23.36, 95 % CI: 0.85 to 640.76, p = 0.06>0.05), with a 94 % occurrence rate. There was no significant difference in the risk of having sufficient 25(OH)D between the groups (p = 0.12>0.05). CONCLUSION NMOSD patients have lower serum 25(OH)D levels than healthy controls. However, the current research results do not provide evidence for a causal relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and the onset of NMOSD. Routine vitamin D supplementation may be advantageous for patients with NMOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangxi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital, Hunan 418000, PR China
| | - Bichun Tan
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Mayang Miao Autonomous County, Hunan 419400, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital, Hunan 418000, PR China
| | - Liqian Xiao
- Department of Health Management Center, Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital, Hunan 418000, PR China
| | - Minxia Li
- Department of Neurology, Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital, Hunan 418000, PR China
| | - Junjie Yin
- Department of Neurology, Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital, Hunan 418000, PR China.
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40
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O’Doherty J, Dowley A, Conway E, Sweeney T. Nutritional Strategies to Mitigate Post-Weaning Challenges in Pigs: A Focus on Glucans, Vitamin D, and Selenium. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:13. [PMID: 38200743 PMCID: PMC10778565 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This review examines the challenges faced by the pig industry, with a specific focus on improving the health and growth of weaned pigs. It emphasizes the immediate necessity of investigating alternative approaches to managing pig nutrition and health due to restrictions on the use of antibiotics and the prohibition of zinc oxide in weaned pig diets. The weaning phase is identified as a critical stage in piglet development, characterized by stressors that affect their gastrointestinal health, immune responses, and overall physiology. The primary challenge during weaning arises from transitioning piglets from a digestible milk-based diet to a less digestible cereal-based feed, causing nutritional stress. This manifests as reduced feed intake, leading to gastrointestinal disturbances, intestinal inflammation, and adverse effects on intestinal structure and microbiota. To address these challenges and optimize piglet development, various nutritional strategies have been explored. Notably, glucans, particularly β-glucans from fungi, cereals, algae, and yeast, show promise in alleviating weaning-related issues. Furthermore, it is important to highlight the critical roles played by Vitamin D and selenium in piglet nutrition. These essential nutrients can be sourced naturally from enriched mushrooms that are specifically enriched with Vitamin D and selenium, providing a sustainable dietary option. In conclusion, effective nutritional strategies, including glucans, Vitamin D, selenium, and enriched mushrooms, are beneficial for addressing weaning-related challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O’Doherty
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 W6F6 Dublin, Ireland; (A.D.); (E.C.)
| | - Alison Dowley
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 W6F6 Dublin, Ireland; (A.D.); (E.C.)
| | - Eadaoin Conway
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 W6F6 Dublin, Ireland; (A.D.); (E.C.)
| | - Torres Sweeney
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 W6F6 Dublin, Ireland;
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41
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Johnson CR, Thacher TD. Vitamin D: immune function, inflammation, infections and auto-immunity. Paediatr Int Child Health 2023; 43:29-39. [PMID: 36857810 DOI: 10.1080/20469047.2023.2171759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D plays an active role beyond mineral metabolism and skeletal health, including regulation of the immune system. Vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent, and observational studies link low vitamin D status to a risk of infections and auto-immune disorders. Reports indicate an inverse relationship between vitamin D status and such conditions. This review details vitamin D signalling interactions with the immune system and provides experimental and clinical evidence evaluating vitamin D status, vitamin D supplementation and host susceptibility to infections, inflammation and auto-immunity. The published literature including related reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomised controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies and basic science reports have been synthesised. Meta-analyses of observational studies have demonstrated a link between low vitamin D status and risk of acute respiratory infections, COVID-19 disorders, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes (T1DM), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), systemic lupus erythematosus and other auto-immune disorders. Observational studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation may protect against several infectious and auto-immune conditions. Meta-analyses of RCTs had mixed results, demonstrating a small protective role for vitamin D supplementation against acute respiratory infections, especially in those with vitamin D deficiency and children, and providing modest benefits for the management of T1DM and IBD. Vitamin D status is inversely associated with the incidence of several infectious and auto-immune conditions. Supplementation is recommended for those with vitamin D deficiency or at high risk of deficiency, and it might provide additional benefit in acute respiratory infections and certain auto-immune conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey R Johnson
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tom D Thacher
- Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, New York, USA
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42
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Motamed S, Anari R, Motamed S, Amani R. Vitamin D and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress among pregnant women: a systematic review of observational studies. BMC Immunol 2023; 24:41. [PMID: 37891486 PMCID: PMC10612223 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-023-00577-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to map the evidence evaluated the relationship between vitamin D and redox and inflammatory status during gestation. METHODS Three databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS)) and reference list of included documents were searched for related observational studies published until 2nd October 2023. To determine the quality of the selected observational studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used. RESULTS After a primary search of three databases, 19492records were appeared. When duplicates and irrelevant documents were removed, 14 articles were found to have eligible criteria. The design of the identified studies was cross-sectional, case-control and cohort. Evidence showed an adverse association between 25(OH)D and the biomarkers of inflammation, such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor- alfa (TNF-α) during pregnancy. On the contrary, some studies represented that 25(OH)D positively correlated with hs-CRP in the cord blood. One study suggested a direct association between serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and Interleukin-8 (IL-8), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP), and TNF-α levels in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A case-control study showed that lower serum concentration of 25(OH)D positively correlated with total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in participants. CONCLUSIONS Evidence confirmed the supposition of the direct relationship between vitamin D levels and biomarkers with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. However, the Existence of inconsistent evidence confirms the need for further studies in mothers with GDM and hypertensive disorders. PROSPERO REGISTRATION CODE CRD42020202600.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Razieh Anari
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Motamed
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Amani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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43
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Dziedzic EA, Gąsior JS, Tuzimek A, Dąbrowski M, Kochman W. Correlation between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration, Monocyte-to-HDL Ratio and Acute Coronary Syndrome in Men with Chronic Coronary Syndrome-An Observational Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4487. [PMID: 37892562 PMCID: PMC10609971 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the leading cause of death in European men. Atherosclerosis and its clinical consequence, chronic coronary syndrome (CCS), comprise two main elements: dysfunction of lipoprotein metabolism and an important inflammatory component that contributes to the development of complications, including acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Measures of both components are combined in a composite marker called monocyte-to-HDL ratio (MHR). Vitamin D was previously described to influence inflammation processes, and its deficiency influences CVD risk factors. This research describes the differences in MHR and total serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration between male patients with different diagnoses of CCS and the correlation between 25(OH)D and MHR in this group. Significant differences were observed between ACS and CCS patients in 25(OH)D and MHR-the highest HDL and serum 25(OH)D concentrations were observed in patients with CCS, whereas the highest value of MHR was observed in patients with STEMI. A significant correlation was observed between 25(OH)D, HDL, and MHR. Due to the significant but small nominal difference in MHR values between groups of patients diagnosed with ACS and CCS, and the possible influence of age and hyperlipidemia status on the differences in vitamin D levels in these groups, this subject requires further well-designed research. The suggested bidirectional relationship between MHR and 25(OH)D and the role of MHR as a predictor of vitamin D status in the body also needs to be verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina A. Dziedzic
- Cardiovascular Clinic, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub S. Gąsior
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Tuzimek
- Cardiovascular Clinic, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Dąbrowski
- Department of Cardiology, Bielanski Hospital, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wacław Kochman
- Cardiovascular Clinic, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
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Wimalawansa SJ. Infections and Autoimmunity-The Immune System and Vitamin D: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3842. [PMID: 37686873 PMCID: PMC10490553 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Both 25-autoimmunity and(25(OH)D: calcifediol) and its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D: calcitriol), play critical roles in protecting humans from invasive pathogens, reducing risks of autoimmunity, and maintaining health. Conversely, low 25(OH)D status increases susceptibility to infections and developing autoimmunity. This systematic review examines vitamin D's mechanisms and effects on enhancing innate and acquired immunity against microbes and preventing autoimmunity. The study evaluated the quality of evidence regarding biology, physiology, and aspects of human health on vitamin D related to infections and autoimmunity in peer-reviewed journal articles published in English. The search and analyses followed PRISMA guidelines. Data strongly suggested that maintaining serum 25(OH)D concentrations of more than 50 ng/mL is associated with significant risk reduction from viral and bacterial infections, sepsis, and autoimmunity. Most adequately powered, well-designed, randomized controlled trials with sufficient duration supported substantial benefits of vitamin D. Virtually all studies that failed to conclude benefits or were ambiguous had major study design errors. Treatment of vitamin D deficiency costs less than 0.01% of the cost of investigation of worsening comorbidities associated with hypovitaminosis D. Despite cost-benefits, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency remains high worldwide. This was clear among those who died from COVID-19 in 2020/21-most had severe vitamin D deficiency. Yet, the lack of direction from health agencies and insurance companies on using vitamin D as an adjunct therapy is astonishing. Data confirmed that keeping an individual's serum 25(OH)D concentrations above 50 ng/mL (125 nmol/L) (and above 40 ng/mL in the population) reduces risks from community outbreaks, sepsis, and autoimmune disorders. Maintaining such concentrations in 97.5% of people is achievable through daily safe sun exposure (except in countries far from the equator during winter) or taking between 5000 and 8000 IU vitamin D supplements daily (average dose, for non-obese adults, ~70 to 90 IU/kg body weight). Those with gastrointestinal malabsorption, obesity, or on medications that increase the catabolism of vitamin D and a few other specific disorders require much higher intake. This systematic review evaluates non-classical actions of vitamin D, with particular emphasis on infection and autoimmunity related to the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil J Wimalawansa
- Medicine, Endocrinology & Nutrition, Cardiometabolic & Endocrine Institute, North Brunswick, NJ 08902, USA
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Cheng H, Chi P, Zhuang Y, Alifu X, Zhou H, Qiu Y, Huang Y, Zhang L, Ainiwan D, Peng Z, Si S, Liu H, Yu Y. Association of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D with Preterm Birth and Premature Rupture of Membranes: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3593. [PMID: 37630783 PMCID: PMC10459690 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Low vitamin D (VitD) level is a risk factor for preterm birth (PTB), but the results of previous studies remained inconsistent, which may be influenced by the confounding factors and different types of PTB. We performed Mendelian randomization (MR) to uncover the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) with PTB, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). This study was conducted in Zhoushan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zhejiang, from August 2011 to March 2022. Plasma 25(OH)D levels in three trimesters of pregnancy were measured. We conducted an MR analysis utilizing a genetic risk score (GRS) approach, which was based on VitD-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms. The prospective cohort study included 3923 pregnant women. The prevalence of PTB, PROM, and PPROM were 6.09%, 13.18%, and 1.33%, respectively. Compared to those without vitamin D deficiency (VDD), only vaginally delivering pregnant women with VDD had a 2.69 (1.08-6.68) times risk of PTB. However, MR analysis did not support the association. One-unit higher GRS was not associated with an increased risk of PTB, regardless of the trimesters (OR [95% CI]: 1.01 [0.93-1.10], 1.06 [0.96-1.18], and 0.95 [0.82-1.10], respectively). When further taking PROM and PPROM as the outcomes, the MR analysis also showed no consistent evidence of a causal effect of VitD levels on the risk of them. Our MR analyses did not support a causal effect of 25(OH)D concentrations in the three trimesters on PTB, PROM, and PPROM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Cheng
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (H.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Peihan Chi
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (H.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (H.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xialidan Alifu
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (H.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haibo Zhou
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (H.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yiwen Qiu
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (H.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ye Huang
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (H.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Libi Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (H.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Diliyaer Ainiwan
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (H.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhicheng Peng
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (H.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuting Si
- Yiwu Maternity and Children Hospital, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yunxian Yu
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (H.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Alifu X, Si S, Qiu Y, Cheng H, Huang Y, Chi P, Zhuang Y, Zhou H, Zhang L, Ainiwan D, Peng Z, Liu H, Yu Y. The Association of Vitamin D during Pregnancy and mRNA Expression Levels of Inflammatory Factors with Preterm Birth and Prelabor Rupture of Membranes. Nutrients 2023; 15:3423. [PMID: 37571360 PMCID: PMC10421124 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to elucidate the association between vitamin D (VD) and the risk for preterm birth (PTB) and prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM). This study included two parts, with a cohort study and a case-control study. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in three trimesters in the cohort study and maternal 25(OH)D before delivery in the case-control study were measured. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect relative mRNA expression levels of the inflammatory factors associated with pyroptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC), placenta and fetal membranes. Multinomial logistic regression and the Wilcoxon test were applied to analyze the associations. In the cohort study, 6381 pregnant women were included. We found that VD deficiency in T3 (PTB without PROM: OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.02-3.55, Term PROM (TPROM): OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.59-0.98) and less change of 25(OH)D between T1 and T3 (PTB without PROM: OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.07-5.06, TPROM: OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.56-0.96) were associated with the increased risk of PTB without PROM, while there was a decreased risk of TPROM. Neither VD, nor the increase of VD during pregnancy was associated with the premature rupture of membranes preterm delivery (PPROM). In the case-control study, there were no associations between VD during delivery and PTB or PROM (TPROM: OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.52-3.44); PTB without PROM: OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 0.33-8.19; PPROM: OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 0.42-3.40). The mRNA expression of NLRP1 (NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 1) (p = 0.0165) in PBMC in the TPROM group was higher than that in the term group, and IL-18 (p = 0.0064) was lower than that in the term group. Plasma 25(OH)D in T3 and the increase of 25(OH)D between T1 and T3 were associated with a lower risk for PTB without PROM but a higher risk for TPROM. Further studies are warranted to clarify the association between VD and PTB and PROM and its mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialidan Alifu
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (X.A.); (S.S.); (Y.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.H.); (P.C.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (Z.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuting Si
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (X.A.); (S.S.); (Y.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.H.); (P.C.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (Z.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Yiwu Maternity and Children Hospital, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Yiwen Qiu
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (X.A.); (S.S.); (Y.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.H.); (P.C.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (Z.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haoyue Cheng
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (X.A.); (S.S.); (Y.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.H.); (P.C.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (Z.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ye Huang
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (X.A.); (S.S.); (Y.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.H.); (P.C.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (Z.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Peihan Chi
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (X.A.); (S.S.); (Y.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.H.); (P.C.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (Z.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (X.A.); (S.S.); (Y.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.H.); (P.C.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (Z.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haibo Zhou
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (X.A.); (S.S.); (Y.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.H.); (P.C.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (Z.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Libi Zhang
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (X.A.); (S.S.); (Y.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.H.); (P.C.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (Z.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Diliyaer Ainiwan
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (X.A.); (S.S.); (Y.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.H.); (P.C.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (Z.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhicheng Peng
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (X.A.); (S.S.); (Y.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.H.); (P.C.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (Z.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Yunxian Yu
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (X.A.); (S.S.); (Y.Q.); (H.C.); (Y.H.); (P.C.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (Z.P.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Lee JH, Kim YA, Kim YS, Lee Y, Seo JH. Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Clinical Parameters in Men and Women Aged 50 Years or Older: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3043. [PMID: 37447368 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is increasingly prevalent on a global scale and is connected to chronic health issues including diabetes, obesity, and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the association between VDD and various clinical parameters including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), and inflammatory markers. This cross-sectional cohort study included Korean men and women aged 50 years and older (290 men, 125 women); VDD was classified as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels below 20 ng/mL. Vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in men (64.5%) compared to that in women (35.2%). Men with VDD had higher fat mass and HbA1c levels, lower muscle strength, and worse physical performance. Among women, VDD was associated with higher BMI, HbA1c, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and creatinine levels. In women, 25(OH)D levels exhibited an inverse relationship with HbA1c, BMI, and TNF-α concentrations. However, there were no differences in the levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta according to vitamin D status in both men and women. Vitamin D deficiency is linked to higher HbA1c, BMI, and inflammatory markers in older Korean women, thus warranting the maintenance of sufficient vitamin D levels for overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye An Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sik Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Lee
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Hyun Seo
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of Korea
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Khanolkar S, Hirani S, Mishra A, Vardhan S, Hirani S, Prasad R, Wanjari M. Exploring the Role of Vitamin D in Atherosclerosis and Its Impact on Cardiovascular Events: A Comprehensive Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e42470. [PMID: 37637551 PMCID: PMC10450567 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review explores the role of vitamin D in atherosclerosis and its impact on cardiovascular events. Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by plaque accumulation in arterial walls, is a major contributor to cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes. Vitamin D has emerged as a multifunctional hormone with pleiotropic effects, extending beyond its traditional role in calcium and bone metabolism. Through its anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidative properties, vitamin D may influence the development and progression of atherosclerosis. The association between vitamin D deficiency and atherosclerosis has been extensively studied. Observational studies consistently report an inverse relationship between vitamin D levels, atherosclerotic risk factors, and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis. Mechanistically, vitamin D exerts anti-inflammatory effects, modulates immune responses, improves endothelial function, and influences lipid metabolism, all of which play critical roles in atherosclerosis development and plaque stability. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Vitamin D influences thrombosis, platelet aggregation, arterial stiffness, blood pressure regulation, and overall vascular health, collectively contributing to cardiovascular event risk. However, the clinical implications of vitamin D for managing atherosclerosis and reducing cardiovascular event risk are still being explored. Randomized controlled trials investigating the cardiovascular benefits of vitamin D supplementation have yielded mixed results, necessitating further research to determine optimal dosages, durations, and patient populations. The review also addresses public health recommendations and future directions. Examining current guidelines, identifying research gaps, and considering public health implications are crucial for translating scientific knowledge into effective interventions. Raising awareness, implementing population-level strategies, and integrating vitamin D assessment into routine clinical practice are key to improving cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Khanolkar
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sajid Hirani
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Aditi Mishra
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sauvik Vardhan
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Shoyeb Hirani
- Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Mission (MGM) Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad, IND
| | - Roshan Prasad
- Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Mayur Wanjari
- Research and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Starska-Kowarska K. Role of Vitamin D in Head and Neck Cancer-Immune Function, Anti-Tumour Effect, and Its Impact on Patient Prognosis. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112592. [PMID: 37299554 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) describes a heterogeneous group of human neoplasms of the head and neck with high rates of morbidity and mortality, constituting about 3% of all cancers and ~1.5% of all cancer deaths. HNSCC constituted the seventh most prevalent human malignancy and the most common human cancer in the world in 2020, according to multi-population observations conducted by the GLOBOCAN group. Since approximately 60-70% of patients present with stage III/IV neoplastic disease, HNSCC is still one of the leading causes of death in cancer patients worldwide, with an overall survival rate that is too low, not exceeding 40-60% of these patients. Despite the application of newer surgical techniques and the implementation of modern combined oncological treatment, the disease often follows a fatal course due to frequent nodal metastases and local neoplastic recurrences. The role of micronutrients in the initiation, development, and progression of HNSCC has been the subject of considerable research. Of particular interest has been vitamin D, the pleiotropic biologically active fat-soluble family of secosteroids (vitamin-D-like steroids), which constitutes a key regulator of bone, calcium, and phosphate homeostasis, as well as carcinogenesis and the further development of various neoplasms. Considerable evidence suggests that vitamin D plays a key role in cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, immunity, and cellular metabolism. A number of basic science, clinical, and epidemiological studies indicate that vitamin D has multidirectional biological effects and influences anti-cancer intracellular mechanisms and cancer risk, and that vitamin D dietary supplements have various prophylactic benefits. In the 20th century, it was reported that vitamin D may play various roles in the protection and regulation of normal cellular phenotypes and in cancer prevention and adjunctive therapy in various human neoplasms, including HNSCC, by regulating a number of intracellular mechanisms, including control of tumour cell expansion and differentiation, apoptosis, intercellular interactions, angio- and lymphogenesis, immune function, and tumour invasion. These regulatory properties mainly occur indirectly via epigenetic and transcriptional changes regulating the function of transcription factors, chromatin modifiers, non-coding RNA (ncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRs) through protein-protein interactions and signalling pathways. In this way, calcitriol enhances intercellular communication in cancer biology, restores the connection with the extracellular matrix, and promotes the epithelial phenotype; it thus counteracts the tumour-associated detachment from the extracellular matrix and inhibits the formation of metastases. Furthermore, the confirmation that the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is present in many human tissues confirmed the physiopathological significance of vitamin D in various human tumours. Recent studies indicate quantitative associations between exposure to vitamin D and the incidence of HNC, i.e., cancer risk assessment included circulating calcidiol plasma/serum concentrations, vitamin D intake, the presence of the VDR gene polymorphism, and genes involved in the vitamin D metabolism pathway. Moreover, the chemopreventive efficacy of vitamin D in precancerous lesions of the head and neck and their role as predictors of mortality, survival, and recurrence of head and neck cancer are also widely discussed. As such, it may be considered a promising potential anti-cancer agent for developing innovative methods of targeted therapy. The proposed review discusses in detail the mechanisms regulating the relationship between vitamin D and HNSCC. It also provides an overview of the current literature, including key opinion-forming systematic reviews as well as epidemiological, prospective, longitudinal, cross-sectional, and interventional studies based on in vitro and animal models of HNSCC, all of which are accessible via the PubMed/Medline/EMBASE/Cochrane Library databases. This article presents the data in line with increasing clinical credibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Starska-Kowarska
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, EnelMed Center Expert, Lodz, Drewnowska 58, 91-001 Lodz, Poland
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Touil H, Mounts K, De Jager PL. Differential impact of environmental factors on systemic and localized autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147447. [PMID: 37283765 PMCID: PMC10239830 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of environmental factors on the development of autoimmune disease is being broadly investigated to better understand the multifactorial nature of autoimmune pathogenesis and to identify potential areas of intervention. Areas of particular interest include the influence of lifestyle, nutrition, and vitamin deficiencies on autoimmunity and chronic inflammation. In this review, we discuss how particular lifestyles and dietary patterns may contribute to or modulate autoimmunity. We explored this concept through a spectrum of several autoimmune diseases including Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Alopecia Areata (AA) affecting the central nervous system, whole body, and the hair follicles, respectively. A clear commonality between the autoimmune conditions of interest here is low Vitamin D, a well-researched hormone in the context of autoimmunity with pleiotropic immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. While low levels are often correlated with disease activity and progression in MS and AA, the relationship is less clear in SLE. Despite strong associations with autoimmunity, we lack conclusive evidence which elucidates its role in contributing to pathogenesis or simply as a result of chronic inflammation. In a similar vein, other vitamins impacting the development and course of these diseases are explored in this review, and overall diet and lifestyle. Recent work exploring the effects of dietary interventions on MS showed that a balanced diet was linked to improvement in clinical parameters, comorbid conditions, and overall quality of life for patients. In patients with MS, SLE and AA, certain diets and supplements are linked to lower incidence and improved symptoms. Conversely, obesity during adolescence was linked with higher incidence of MS while in SLE it was associated with organ damage. Autoimmunity is thought to emerge from the complex interplay between environmental factors and genetic background. Although the scope of this review focuses on environmental factors, it is imperative to elaborate the interaction between genetic susceptibility and environment due to the multifactorial origin of these disease. Here, we offer a comprehensive review about the influence of recent environmental and lifestyle factors on these autoimmune diseases and potential translation into therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Touil
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kristin Mounts
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Philip Lawrence De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Columbia Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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