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Li Y, Zhang J, Chen S, Ke Y, Li Y, Chen Y. Growth differentiation factor 15: Emerging role in liver diseases. Cytokine 2024; 182:156727. [PMID: 39111112 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a cell stress-response cytokine within the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) superfamily. It is known to exert diverse effects on many metabolic pathways through its receptor GFRAL, which is expressed in the hindbrain, and transduces signals through the downstream receptor tyrosine kinase Ret. Since the liver is the core organ of metabolism, summarizing the functions of GDF15 is highly important. In this review, we assessed the relevant literature regarding the main metabolic, inflammatory, fibrogenic, tumorigenic and other effects of GDF15 on different liver diseases, including Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD), alcohol and drug-induced liver injury, as well as autoimmune and viral hepatitis, with a particular focus on the pathogenesis of MASLD progression from hepatic steatosis to MASH, liver fibrosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Finally, we discuss the prospects of the clinical application potential of GDF15 along with its research and development progress. With better knowledge of GDF15, increasing in-depth research will lead to a new era in the field of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shurong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yini Ke
- Department of Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Youming Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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Wang B, Zhang J, Ma R, Bai M, Song Y, Liang G. Diagnostic value of serum GDF-15 in patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei. Clin Biochem 2024; 133-134:110827. [PMID: 39304173 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2024.110827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare malignancy that lacks a highly sensitive and specific biomarker for its diagnosis. Identifying reliable serum markers is crucial for improving the diagnostic accuracy and management of PMP. This study aims to explore the diagnostic value of serum growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) in patients with PMP. MATERIAL AND METHODS We carried on a 1:1 matched case-control study. 44 patients with PMP hospitalized in Aerospace Center Hospital were recruited as cases, and 44 sex- and age-matched apparently healthy participants were selected as controls. The serum GDF-15 concentrations were tested using an ELISA method. The diagnostic value of GDF-15 in PMP patients was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS The median serum GDF-15 level in PMP patients was 1192.77 (843.03-1879.06) pg/mL, notably higher than that in healthy controls [533.27 (410.46-641.47) pg/mL] (P<0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of serum GDF-15 for PMP diagnosis was 0.907, the optimal diagnostic threshold value was 644.58 pg/mL, the sensitivity was 93.18 %, and the specificity was 77.27 %. The AUC of GDF-15 combined with carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) was larger than that of GDF-15 alone (P=0.027), and the sensitivity and specificity achieved 86.36 % and 95.45 %. GDF-15 levels showed a significant correlation with age (P=0.042), with younger PMP patients exhibiting notably lower concentrations of GDF-15 compared to older patients. CONCLUSION Serum GDF-15 could become a new marker for the PMP diagnosis. The combination of GDF-15 and CA125 demonstrated superior diagnostic performance for PMP compared to GDF-15 alone, achieving a sensitivity of 86.36% and a specificity of 95.45%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory of Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory of Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruiqing Ma
- Department of Myxoma, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingjian Bai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory of Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory of Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guowei Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory of Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, China.
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Xu Y, Baylink DJ, Xiao J, Tran L, Nguyen V, Park B, Valladares I, Lee S, Codorniz K, Tan L, Chen CS, Abdel-Azim H, Reeves ME, Mirshahidi H, Marcucci G, Cao H. Discovery of NFκB2-Coordinated Dual Regulation of Mitochondrial and Nuclear Genomes Leads to an Effective Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8532. [PMID: 39126100 PMCID: PMC11313218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a poor survival rate for both pediatric and adult patients due to its frequent relapse. To elucidate the bioenergetic principle underlying AML relapse, we investigated the transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial-nuclear dual genomes responsible for metabolic plasticity in treatment-resistant blasts. Both the gain and loss of function results demonstrated that NFκB2, a noncanonical transcription factor (TF) of the NFκB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) family, can control the expression of TFAM (mitochondrial transcription factor A), which is known to be essential for metabolic biogenesis. Furthermore, genetic tracking and promoter assays revealed that NFκB2 is in the mitochondria and can bind the specific "TTGGGGGGTG" region of the regulatory D-loop domain to activate the light-strand promoter (LSP) and heavy-strand promoter 1 (HSP1), promoters of the mitochondrial genome. Based on our discovery of NFκB2's novel function of regulating mitochondrial-nuclear dual genomes, we explored a novel triplet therapy including inhibitors of NFκB2, tyrosine kinase, and mitochondrial ATP synthase that effectively eliminated primary AML blasts with mutations of the FMS-related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) and displayed minimum toxicity to control cells ex vivo. As such, effective treatments for AML must include strong inhibitory actions on the dual genomes mediating metabolic plasticity to improve leukemia prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (C.-S.C.)
- Division Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
- Cancer Center, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - David J. Baylink
- Division Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Jeffrey Xiao
- Division Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Lily Tran
- Division Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Division Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Brandon Park
- Division Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Ismael Valladares
- Division Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Scott Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Kevin Codorniz
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Laren Tan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Hyperbaric and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Chien-Shing Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (C.-S.C.)
- Cancer Center, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Hisham Abdel-Azim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (C.-S.C.)
- Division of Transplant and Cell Therapy, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Mark E. Reeves
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (C.-S.C.)
- Cancer Center, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Hamid Mirshahidi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (C.-S.C.)
- Cancer Center, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Guido Marcucci
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, City of Hope Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Huynh Cao
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (C.-S.C.)
- Cancer Center, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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Yang X, Qiu K, Jiang Y, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Liao Y. Metabolic Crosstalk between Liver and Brain: From Diseases to Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7621. [PMID: 39062868 PMCID: PMC11277155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple organs and tissues coordinate to respond to dietary and environmental challenges. It is interorgan crosstalk that contributes to systemic metabolic homeostasis. The liver and brain, as key metabolic organs, have their unique dialogue to transmit metabolic messages. The interconnected pathogenesis of liver and brain is implicated in numerous metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Recent insights have positioned the liver not only as a central metabolic hub but also as an endocrine organ, capable of secreting hepatokines that transmit metabolic signals throughout the body via the bloodstream. Metabolites from the liver or gut microbiota also facilitate a complex dialogue between liver and brain. In parallel to humoral factors, the neural pathways, particularly the hypothalamic nuclei and autonomic nervous system, are pivotal in modulating the bilateral metabolic interplay between the cerebral and hepatic compartments. The term "liver-brain axis" vividly portrays this interaction. At the end of this review, we summarize cutting-edge technical advancements that have enabled the observation and manipulation of these signals, including genetic engineering, molecular tracing, and delivery technologies. These innovations are paving the way for a deeper understanding of the liver-brain axis and its role in metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yunfei Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Li J, Hu X, Xie Z, Li J, Huang C, Huang Y. Overview of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) in metabolic diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116809. [PMID: 38810400 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
GDF15 is a stress response cytokine and a distant member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) superfamily, its levels increase in response to cell stress and certain diseases in the serum. To exert its effects, GDF15 binds to glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor alpha-like (GFRAL), which was firstly identified in 2017 and highly expressed in the brain stem. Many studies have demonstrated that elevated serum GDF15 is associated with anorexia and weight loss. Herein, we focus on the biology of GDF15, specifically how this circulating protein regulates appetite and metabolism in influencing energy homeostasis through its actions on hindbrain neurons to shed light on its impact on diseases such as obesity and anorexia/cachexia syndromes. It works as an endocrine factor and transmits metabolic signals leading to weight reduction effects by directly reducing appetite and indirectly affecting food intake through complex mechanisms, which could be a promising target for the treatment of energy-intake disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Kidney Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Xiangjun Hu
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zichuan Xie
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajin Li
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Health Management Center, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Health Management Center, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Shikama T, Otaki Y, Watanabe T, Tamura H, Kato S, Nishiyama S, Takahashi H, Arimoto T, Watanabe M. Growth Differentiation Factor-15 and Clinical Outcomes in Lower Extremity Artery Disease. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:964-978. [PMID: 38296521 PMCID: PMC11150723 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) is an increasingly common health problem that is associated with high mortality due to thrombotic and bleeding events. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15), a stress-response cytokine belonging to the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, is associated with cardiovascular disease and its outcomes. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of serum GDF15 levels on clinical outcomes in patients with LEAD. METHODS We measured serum GDF15 levels in 200 patients with LEAD before their initial endovascular therapy. The primary endpoint was the all-cause mortality rate. The secondary endpoints, on the other hand, were thrombotic and bleeding events, such as cerebral infarction, acute coronary syndrome, acute limb ischemia, and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium types 3 and 5. RESULTS The serum GDF15 levels increased with advancing Fontaine class. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the high-GDF15 group (≥ 2,275 pg/mL) had higher rates of all-cause deaths and thrombotic and bleeding events than the low-GDF15 group (<2,275 pg/mL). Multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis revealed that GDF15 was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and thrombotic and bleeding events after adjusting for confounding risk factors. When the ABC-AF-bleeding score was substituted for GDF15, similar results were obtained. CONCLUSION Serum GDF15 levels were associated with all-cause mortality and thrombotic and bleeding events in patients with LEAD. Serum GDF15 is a potentially useful marker of clinical outcomes, specifically for tracking thrombotic and bleeding events in patients with LEAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Shikama
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Otaki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Harutoshi Tamura
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shigehiko Kato
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nishiyama
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takanori Arimoto
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masafumi Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
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Chiariello A, Conte G, Rossetti L, Trofarello L, Salvioli S, Conte M. Different roles of circulating and intramuscular GDF15 as markers of skeletal muscle health. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1404047. [PMID: 38808117 PMCID: PMC11130406 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1404047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) is a mitokine expressed in response to various stresses whose circulating levels increase with age and are associated with numerous pathological conditions, including muscle wasting and sarcopenia. However, the use of circulating GDF15 (c-GDF15) as a biomarker of sarcopenia is still debated. Moreover, the role of GDF15 intracellular precursor, pro-GDF15, in human skeletal muscle (SM-GDF15) is not totally understood. In order to clarify these points, the association of both forms of GDF15 with parameters of muscle strength, body composition, metabolism and inflammation was investigated. Methods the levels of c-GDF15 and SM-GDF15 were evaluated in plasma and muscle biopsies, respectively, of healthy subjects (HS) and patients with lower limb mobility impairment (LLMI), either young (<40 years-old) or old (>70 years-old). Other parameters included in the analysis were Isometric Quadriceps Strength (IQS), BMI, lean and fat mass percentage, Vastus lateralis thickness, as well as circulating levels of Adiponectin, Leptin, Resistin, IGF-1, Insulin, IL6, IL15 and c-PLIN2. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) and Receiving Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis were performed. Results c-GDF15 but not SM-GDF15 levels resulted associated with decreased IQS and IGF-1 levels in both HS and LLMI, while only in LLMI associated with increased levels of Resistin. Moreover, in LLMI both c-GDF15 and SM-GDF15 levels were associated with IL-6 levels, but interestingly SM-GDF15 is lower in LLMI with respect to HS. Furthermore, a discrimination of the four groups of subjects based on these parameters was possible with PCA and CDA. In particular HS, LLMI over 70 years or under 40 years of age were discriminated based on SM-GDF15, c-GDF15 and Insulin levels, respectively. Conclusion our data support the idea that c-GDF15 level could be used as a biomarker of decreased muscle mass and strength. Moreover, it is suggested that c-GDF15 has a different diagnostic significance with respect to SM-GDF15, which is likely linked to a healthy and active state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Chiariello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Conte
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Rossetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre “Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Trofarello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Conte
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Lu S, Li R, Deng Y, Bai J, Ji B, Chu Y, Xu Y, Qu H, Guo X, Li P, Meng M. GDF15 ameliorates sepsis-induced lung injury via AMPK-mediated inhibition of glycolysis in alveolar macrophage. Respir Res 2024; 25:201. [PMID: 38725041 PMCID: PMC11084091 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02824-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) as a stress response cytokine is involved in the development and progression of several diseases associated with metabolic disorders. However, the regulatory role and the underlying mechanisms of GDF15 in sepsis remain poorly defined. Our study analyzed the levels of GDF15 and its correlations with the clinical prognosis of patients with sepsis. In vivo and in vitro models of sepsis were applied to elucidate the role and mechanisms of GDF15 in sepsis-associated lung injury. We observed strong correlations of plasma GDF15 levels with the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and lactate as well as Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores in patients with sepsis. In the mouse model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis, recombinant GDF15 inhibited the proinflammatory responses and alleviated lung tissue injury. In addition, GDF15 decreased the levels of cytokines produced by alveolar macrophages (AMs). The anti-inflammatory effect of glycolysis inhibitor 2-DG on AMs during sepsis was mediated by GDF15 via inducing the phosphorylation of the α-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) and the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). Furthermore, we explored the mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of GDF15 and found that GDF15 inhibited glycolysis and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling via promoting AMPK phosphorylation. This study demonstrated that GDF15 inhibited glycolysis and NF-κB/MAPKs signaling via activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), thereby alleviating the inflammatory responses of AMs and sepsis-associated lung injury. Our findings provided new insights into novel therapeutic strategies for treating sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Road (No.2), Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
- The first rehabilitation hospital of Shandong, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, P.R. China
- Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ranran Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Road (No.2), Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
| | - Yunxin Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Road (No.2), Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Ju Bai
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, 256600, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Bangqi Ji
- Shandong Rehabilitation Hospital, Jinan, 250109, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yufeng Chu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Road (No.2), Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Hongping Qu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Road (No.2), Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaosun Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, P.R. China.
| | - Pibao Li
- The first rehabilitation hospital of Shandong, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, P.R. China.
| | - Mei Meng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin Road (No.2), Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
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Pena-Leon V, Perez-Lois R, Villalon M, Folgueira C, Barja-Fernández S, Prida E, Baltar J, Santos F, Fernø J, García-Caballero T, Nogueiras R, Quiñones M, Al-Massadi O, Seoane LM. Gastric GDF15 levels are regulated by age, sex, and nutritional status in rodents and humans. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:1139-1154. [PMID: 37955834 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress response cytokine that has been proposed as a relevant metabolic hormone. Descriptive studies have shown that plasma GDF15 levels are regulated by short term changes in nutritional status, such as fasting, or in obesity. However, few data exist regarding how GDF15 levels are regulated in peripheral tissues. The aim of the present work was to study the variations on gastric levels of GDF15 and its precursor under different physiological conditions, such as short-term changes in nutritional status or overfeeding achieved by HFD. Moreover, we also address the sex- and age-dependent alterations in GDF15 physiology. METHODS The levels of gastric and plasma GDF15 and its precursor were measured in lean and obese mice, rats and humans by western blot, RT-PCR, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and by an in vitro organ culture system. RESULTS Our results show a robust regulation of gastric GDF15 production by fasting in rodents. In obesity an increase in GDF15 secretion from the stomach is reflected with an increase in circulating levels of GDF15 in rats and humans. Moreover, gastric GDF15 levels increase with age in both rats and humans. Finally, gastric GDF15 levels display sexual dimorphism, which could explain the difference in circulating GFD15 levels between males and females, observed in both humans and rodents. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide clear evidence that gastric GDF15 is a critical contributor of circulating GDF15 levels and can explain some of the metabolic effects induced by GDF15.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pena-Leon
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Área de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Perez-Lois
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Área de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Villalon
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Área de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C Folgueira
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Área de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - S Barja-Fernández
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Área de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - E Prida
- Translational Endocrinology Group, Endocrinology Section, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (IDIS/CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Baltar
- Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, CHUS7SERGAS Santiago de Compostela, Rua R Baltar s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - F Santos
- Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, CHUS7SERGAS Santiago de Compostela, Rua R Baltar s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Fernø
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5201, Bergen, Norway
| | - T García-Caballero
- Departamento de Ciencias Morfologicas, Facultad de Medicina, USC, Complejo Hospitalario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - R Nogueiras
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Quiñones
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Área de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - O Al-Massadi
- Translational Endocrinology Group, Endocrinology Section, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (IDIS/CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - L M Seoane
- Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina, Área de Endocrinología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, Compostela, Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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10
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Maddala R, Eldawy C, Ho LTY, Challa P, Rao PV. Influence of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 on Intraocular Pressure in Mice. J Transl Med 2024; 104:102025. [PMID: 38290601 PMCID: PMC11031300 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2024.102025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a stress-sensitive cytokine, and a distant member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily, has been shown to exhibit increased levels with aging, and in various age-related pathologies. Although GDF15 levels are elevated in the aqueous humor (AH) of glaucoma (optic nerve atrophy) patients, the possible role of this cytokine in the modulation of intraocular pressure (IOP) or AH outflow is unknown. The current study addresses this question using transgenic mice expressing human GDF15 and GDF15 null mice, and by perfusing enucleated mouse eyes with recombinant human GDF15 (rhGDF15). Treatment of primary cultures of human trabecular meshwork cells with a telomerase inhibitor, an endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducing agent, hydrogen peroxide, or an autophagy inhibitor resulted in significant elevation in GDF15 levels relative to the respective control cells. rhGDF15 stimulated modest but significant increases in the expression of genes encoding the extracellular matrix, cell adhesion proteins, and chemokine receptors (C-C chemokine receptor type 2) in human trabecular meshwork cells compared with controls, as deduced from the differential transcriptional profiles using RNA-sequencing analysis. There was a significant increase in IOP in transgenic mice expressing human GDF15, but not in GDF15 null mice, compared with the respective wild-type control mice. The AH outflow facility was decreased in enucleated wild-type mouse eyes perfused with rhGDF15. Light microcopy-based histologic examination of the conventional AH outflow pathway tissues did not reveal identifiable differences between the GDF15-targeted and control mice. Taken together, these results reveal the modest elevation of IOP in mice expressing human GDF15 possibly stemming from decreased AH outflow through the trabecular pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupalatha Maddala
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Camelia Eldawy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Leona T Y Ho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Pratap Challa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ponugoti V Rao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
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11
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Caballero-Sánchez N, Alonso-Alonso S, Nagy L. Regenerative inflammation: When immune cells help to re-build tissues. FEBS J 2024; 291:1597-1614. [PMID: 36440547 PMCID: PMC10225019 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is an essential immune response critical for responding to infection, injury and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Upon injury, regenerative inflammation promotes tissue repair by a timed and coordinated infiltration of diverse cell types and the secretion of growth factors, cytokines and lipids mediators. Remarkably, throughout evolution as well as mammalian development, this type of physiological inflammation is highly associated with immunosuppression. For instance, regenerative inflammation is the consequence of an in situ macrophage polarization resulting in a transition from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory/pro-regenerative response. Immune cells are the first responders upon injury, infiltrating the damaged tissue and initiating a pro-inflammatory response depleting cell debris and necrotic cells. After phagocytosis, macrophages undergo multiple coordinated metabolic and transcriptional changes allowing the transition and dictating the initiation of the regenerative phase. Differences between a highly efficient, complete ad integrum tissue repair, such as, acute skeletal muscle injury, and insufficient regenerative inflammation, as the one developing in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), highlight the importance of a coordinated response orchestrated by immune cells. During regenerative inflammation, these cells interact with others and alter the niche, affecting the character of inflammation itself and, therefore, the progression of tissue repair. Comparing acute muscle injury and chronic inflammation in DMD, we review how the same cells and molecules in different numbers, concentration and timing contribute to very different outcomes. Thus, it is important to understand and identify the distinct functions and secreted molecules of macrophages, and potentially other immune cells, during tissue repair, and the contributors to the macrophage switch leveraging this knowledge in treating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Caballero-Sánchez
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nuclear Receptor Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sergio Alonso-Alonso
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández-Vega, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Laszlo Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nuclear Receptor Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
- Departments Medicine and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St Petersburg, Florida, USA
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12
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Shchelochkov OA, Farmer CA, Chlebowski C, Adedipe D, Ferry S, Manoli I, Pass A, McCoy S, Van Ryzin C, Sloan J, Thurm A, Venditti CP. Intellectual disability and autism in propionic acidemia: a biomarker-behavioral investigation implicating dysregulated mitochondrial biology. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:974-981. [PMID: 38200289 PMCID: PMC11176071 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02385-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Propionic acidemia (PA) is an autosomal recessive condition (OMIM #606054), wherein pathogenic variants in PCCA and PCCB impair the activity of propionyl-CoA carboxylase. PA is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, including intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, the correlates and mechanisms of these outcomes remain unknown. Using data from a subset of participants with PA enrolled in a dedicated natural history study (n = 33), we explored associations between neurodevelopmental phenotypes and laboratory parameters. Twenty (61%) participants received an ID diagnosis, and 12 of the 31 (39%) who were fully evaluated received the diagnosis of ASD. A diagnosis of ID, lower full-scale IQ (sample mean = 65 ± 26), and lower adaptive behavior composite scores (sample mean = 67 ± 23) were associated with several biomarkers. Higher concentrations of plasma propionylcarnitine, plasma total 2-methylcitrate, serum erythropoietin, and mitochondrial biomarkers plasma FGF21 and GDF15 were associated with a more severe ID profile. Reduced 1-13C-propionate oxidative capacity and decreased levels of plasma and urinary glutamine were also associated with a more severe ID profile. Only two parameters, increased serum erythropoietin and decreased plasma glutamine, were associated with ASD. Plasma glycine, one of the defining features of PA, was not meaningfully associated with either ID or ASD. Thus, while both ID and ASD were commonly observed in our PA cohort, only ID was robustly associated with metabolic parameters. Our results suggest that disease severity and associated mitochondrial dysfunction may play a role in CNS complications of PA and identify potential biomarkers and candidate surrogate endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg A Shchelochkov
- Organic Acid Research Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Cristan A Farmer
- Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Phenotyping Service, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Colby Chlebowski
- Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Phenotyping Service, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Dee Adedipe
- Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Phenotyping Service, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Susan Ferry
- Organic Acid Research Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Irini Manoli
- Organic Acid Research Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alexandra Pass
- Organic Acid Research Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Samantha McCoy
- Organic Acid Research Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Carol Van Ryzin
- Organic Acid Research Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jennifer Sloan
- Organic Acid Research Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Audrey Thurm
- Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Phenotyping Service, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Charles P Venditti
- Organic Acid Research Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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13
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Almohaimeed GM, Alonazi AS, Bin Dayel AF, Alshammari TK, Alghibiwi HK, Alamin MA, Almotairi AR, Alrasheed NM. Interplay between Senescence and Macrophages in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: A Review of the Potential Role of GDF-15 and Klotho. Biomedicines 2024; 12:759. [PMID: 38672115 PMCID: PMC11048311 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a critical health problem, with 700 million diagnoses expected worldwide by 2045. Uncontrolled high blood glucose levels can lead to serious complications, including diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Diabetes induces cardiovascular aging and inflammation, increasing cardiomyopathy risk. DCM is characterized by structural and functional abnormalities in the heart. Growing evidence suggests that cellular senescence and macrophage-mediated inflammation participate in the pathogenesis and progression of DCM. Evidence indicates that growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), a protein that belongs to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily, is associated with age-related diseases and exerts an anti-inflammatory role in various disease models. Although further evidence suggests that GDF-15 can preserve Klotho, a transmembrane antiaging protein, emerging research has elucidated the potential involvement of GDF-15 and Klotho in the interplay between macrophages-induced inflammation and cellular senescence in the context of DCM. This review explores the intricate relationship between senescence and macrophages in DCM while highlighting the possible contributions of GDF-15 and Klotho.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada M. Almohaimeed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (G.M.A.); (A.S.A.); (A.F.B.D.); (T.K.A.); (H.K.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Asma S. Alonazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (G.M.A.); (A.S.A.); (A.F.B.D.); (T.K.A.); (H.K.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Anfal F. Bin Dayel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (G.M.A.); (A.S.A.); (A.F.B.D.); (T.K.A.); (H.K.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Tahani K. Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (G.M.A.); (A.S.A.); (A.F.B.D.); (T.K.A.); (H.K.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Hanan K. Alghibiwi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (G.M.A.); (A.S.A.); (A.F.B.D.); (T.K.A.); (H.K.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Maha A. Alamin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (G.M.A.); (A.S.A.); (A.F.B.D.); (T.K.A.); (H.K.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Ahmad R. Almotairi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nouf M. Alrasheed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (G.M.A.); (A.S.A.); (A.F.B.D.); (T.K.A.); (H.K.A.); (M.A.A.)
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14
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Christidis G, Küppers F, Karatayli SC, Karatayli E, Weber SN, Lammert F, Krawczyk M. Skin advanced glycation end-products as indicators of the metabolic profile in diabetes mellitus: correlations with glycemic control, liver phenotypes and metabolic biomarkers. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:31. [PMID: 38443880 PMCID: PMC10913560 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01558-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The production of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) is a key pathomechanism related to the complications of diabetes mellitus. The measurement of HbA1c as one of the AGEs is widely used in the clinic, but also other proteins undergo glycation in the course of diabetes. Here, we measure skin AGEs (SAGEs) in patients with diabetes type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2) and correlate them with metabolic markers as well as non-invasively measured liver fibrosis and steatosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 64 patients with either DM1 or DM2 and 28 healthy controls were recruited. SAGEs were measured using autofluorescence (AGE Reader). Liver fibrosis and steatosis were quantified using transient elastography, which determines liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP). FGF19, FGF21 and GDF-15 were measured in blood samples using ELISA. RESULTS SAGEs were elevated in both groups of patients with diabetes as compared to healthy controls (both p < 0.001) and were higher in patients with DM2 in comparison to DM1 (p = 0.006). SAGEs correlated positively with HbA1c (r = 0.404, p < 0.001), CAP (r = 0.260, p = 0.016) and LSM (r = 0.356, p < 0.001), and negatively with insulin growth factor binding protein 3 (p < 0.001). We also detected a positive correlation between GDF15 and SAGEs (r = 0.469, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS SAGEs are significantly elevated in patients with both DM types 1 and 2 and correlate with metabolic markers, including HbA1c and GDF15. They might also help to detect patients with advanced liver injury in the setting of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorios Christidis
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 100, 66421, Homburg, Germany
- Endokrinologikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frederic Küppers
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 100, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Senem Ceren Karatayli
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 100, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ersin Karatayli
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 100, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Susanne N Weber
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 100, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Frank Lammert
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 100, 66421, Homburg, Germany
- Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Marcin Krawczyk
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 100, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
- Laboratory of Metabolic Liver Diseases, Center for Preclinical Research, Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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15
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Fielding RA, Atkinson EJ, Aversa Z, White TA, Heeren AA, Mielke MM, Cummings SR, Pahor M, Leeuwenburgh C, LeBrasseur NK. Biomarkers of Cellular Senescence Predict the Onset of Mobility Disability and Are Reduced by Physical Activity in Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glad257. [PMID: 37948612 PMCID: PMC10851672 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies in mice and cross-sectional studies in humans support the premise that cellular senescence is a contributing mechanism to age-associated deficits in physical function. We tested the hypotheses that circulating proteins secreted by senescent cells are (i) associated with the incidence of major mobility disability (MMD), the development of persistent mobility disability (PMMD), and decrements in physical functioning in older adults, and (ii) influenced by physical activity (PA). Using samples and data obtained longitudinally from the Lifestyle Interventions in Elders Study clinical trial, we measured a panel of 27 proteins secreted by senescent cells. Among 1 377 women and men randomized to either a structured PA intervention or a healthy aging (HA) intervention, we observed significant associations between several senescence biomarkers, most distinctly vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), and matrix metallopeptidase 7 (MMP7), and the onset of both MMD and PMMD. Moreover, VEGFA, GDF15, osteopontin, and other senescence biomarkers were associated with reductions in short physical performance battery scores. The change in senescence biomarkers did not differ between PA and HA participants. In the whole cohort, higher levels of PA were associated with significantly greater reductions in 10 senescence-related proteins at 12 and/or 24 months. These data reinforce cellular senescence as a contributing mechanism of age-associated functional decline and the potential for PA to attenuate this hallmark of aging. Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT01072500.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Fielding
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Atkinson
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Zaira Aversa
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Thomas A White
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Amanda A Heeren
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michelle M Mielke
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven R Cummings
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Marco Pahor
- Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Nathan K LeBrasseur
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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16
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Wan Y, Fu J. GDF15 as a key disease target and biomarker: linking chronic lung diseases and ageing. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:453-466. [PMID: 37093513 PMCID: PMC10123484 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, is expressed in several human organs. In particular, it is highly expressed in the placenta, prostate, and liver. The expression of GDF15 increases under cellular stress and pathological conditions. Although numerous transcription factors directly up-regulate the expression of GDF15, the receptors and downstream mediators of GDF15 signal transduction in most tissues have not yet been determined. Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor α-like protein was recently identified as a specific receptor that plays a mediating role in anorexia. However, the specific receptors of GDF15 in other tissues and organs remain unclear. As a marker of cell stress, GDF15 appears to exert different effects under different pathological conditions. Cell senescence may be an important pathogenetic process and could be used to assess the progression of various lung diseases, including COVID-19. As a key member of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype protein repertoire, GDF15 seems to be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, although the specific molecular mechanism linking GDF15 expression with ageing remains to be elucidated. Here, we focus on research progress linking GDF15 expression with the pathogenesis of various chronic lung diseases, including neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary hypertension, suggesting that GDF15 may be a key biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis. Thus, in this review, we aimed to provide new insights into the molecular biological mechanism and emerging clinical data associated with GDF15 in lung-related diseases, while highlighting promising research and clinical prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianhua Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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17
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Kiss LZ, Nyárády BB, Pállinger É, Lux Á, Jermendy ÁL, Csobay-Novák C, Soós P, Szelid Z, Láng O, Kőhidai L, Dinya E, Dósa E, Merkely B, Bagyura Z. Association of growth and differentiation factor-15 with coronary artery calcium score and ankle-brachial index in a middle-aged and elderly Caucasian population sample free of manifest cardiovascular disease. GeroScience 2024; 46:1343-1350. [PMID: 37548881 PMCID: PMC10828406 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00899-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth and differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a stress-associated cytokine of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. The inflammatory and angiogenic effects of GDF-15 in atherosclerosis are controversial, and its correlation with the long asymptomatic phase of the disease is not well understood. Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and ankle-brachial index (ABI) are sensitive markers of subclinical atherosclerosis. To date, only a few studies have examined the impact of GDF-15 on coronary artery calcification, and the association between GDF-15 and ABI has not been evaluated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the possible relationship between serum GDF-15 concentrations and CACS and ABI in a Caucasian population sample of middle-aged (35-65 years) and elderly (> 65 years) people. In addition to recording demographic and anthropometric characteristics, atherosclerotic risk factors, and laboratory tests including serum HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP); GDF-15 level, cardiac computed tomography, and ABI measurements were also performed. A total of 269 asymptomatic individuals (men, n = 125; median age, 61.5 [IQR, 12.7] years) formed the basis of this study. Participants were divided into two groups according to their age (middle-aged, n = 175 and elderly, n = 94). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were significantly more prevalent and CACS values and HbA1c, NT-proBNP, and GDF-15 levels were significantly higher (all p < 0.001) in the elderly group compared to the middle-aged group. Multivariate ridge regression analysis revealed a significant positive association between GDF-15 and CACS (middle-aged group: β = 0.072, p = 0.333; elderly group: β = 0.148, p = 0.003), and between GDF-15 and ABI (middle-aged group: β = 0.062, p = 0.393; elderly group: β = 0.088, p = 0.041) only in the elderly group. Our results show that GDF-15 is not only a useful biomarker of inflammation but can also predict early signs of asymptomatic atherosclerosis, especially in elderly people with chronic systemic inflammation associated with aging (inflammaging).
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretta Zsuzsa Kiss
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, 1122, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Balázs Bence Nyárády
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Pállinger
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, 4 Nagyvárad Square, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Árpád Lux
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ádám Levente Jermendy
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Csobay-Novák
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pál Soós
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Szelid
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Láng
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, 4 Nagyvárad Square, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Kőhidai
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, 4 Nagyvárad Square, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Elek Dinya
- Institute of Digital Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 15 Ferenc Square, 1094, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit Dósa
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Bagyura
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor Street, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
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18
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Bradley J, Schelbert EB, Bonnett LJ, Lewis GA, Lagan J, Orsborne C, Brown PF, Black N, Naish JH, Williams SG, McDonagh T, Schmitt M, Miller CA. Growth differentiation factor-15 in patients with or at risk of heart failure but before first hospitalisation. Heart 2024; 110:195-201. [PMID: 37567614 PMCID: PMC10850645 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2023-322857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identification of patients at risk of adverse outcome from heart failure (HF) at an early stage is a priority. Growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15 has emerged as a potentially useful biomarker. This study sought to identify determinants of circulating GDF-15 and evaluate its prognostic value, in patients at risk of HF or with HF but before first hospitalisation. METHODS Prospective, longitudinal cohort study of 2166 consecutive patients in stage A-C HF undergoing cardiovascular magnetic resonance and measurement of GDF-15. Multivariable linear regression investigated determinants of GDF-15. Cox proportional hazards modelling, Net Reclassification Improvement and decision curve analysis examined its incremental prognostic value. Primary outcome was a composite of first hospitalisation for HF or all-cause mortality. Median follow-up was 1093 (939-1231) days. RESULTS Major determinants of GDF-15 were age, diabetes and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, although despite extensive phenotyping, only around half of the variability of GDF-15 could be explained (R2 0.51). Log-transformed GDF-15 was the strongest predictor of outcome (HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.71 to 2.63) and resulted in a risk prediction model with higher predictive accuracy (continuous Net Reclassification Improvement 0.26; 95% CI 0.13 to 0.39) and with greater clinical net benefit across the entire range of threshold probabilities. CONCLUSION In patients at risk of HF, or with HF but before first hospitalisation, GDF-15 provides unique information and is highly predictive of hospitalisation for HF or all-cause mortality, leading to more accurate risk stratification that can improve clinical decision making. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02326324.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Bradley
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Erik B Schelbert
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Center, UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laura J Bonnett
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Gavin A Lewis
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Jakub Lagan
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher Orsborne
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Pamela Frances Brown
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Nicholas Black
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Simon G Williams
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Matthias Schmitt
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher A Miller
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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19
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Du Q, Shen W. Research progress of plant-derived natural products in thyroid carcinoma. Front Chem 2024; 11:1279384. [PMID: 38268761 PMCID: PMC10806030 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1279384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is a prevalent malignancy of the endocrine system, with a notable rise in its detection rate in recent decades. The primary therapeutic approaches for TC now encompass thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine therapy, yielding favorable prognoses for the majority of patients. TC survivors may necessitate ongoing surveillance, remedial treatment, and thyroid hormone supplementation, while also enduring the adverse consequences of thyroid hormone fluctuations, surgical complications, or side effects linked to radioactive iodine administration, and encountering enduring physical, psychosocial, and economic hardships. In vitro and in vivo studies of natural products against TC are demonstrating the potential of these natural products as alternatives to the treatment of thyroid cancer. This therapy may offer greater convenience, affordability, and acceptability than traditional therapies. In the early screening of natural products, we mainly use a combination of database prediction and literature search. The pharmacological effects on TC of selected natural products (quercetin, genistein, apigenin, luteolin, chrysin, myricetin, resveratrol, curcumin and nobiletin), which hold promise for therapeutic applications in TC, are reviewed in detail in this article through most of the cell-level evidence, animal-level evidence, and a small amount of human-level evidence. In addition, this article explores possible issues, such as bioavailability, drug safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiujing Du
- The Affiliated Jiangyin People’s Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, China
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Weidong Shen
- The Affiliated Jiangyin People’s Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, China
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20
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Ngamjariyawat A, Cen J, Wang X, Welsh N. GDF15 Protects Insulin-Producing Beta Cells against Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Metabolic Stress via Increased Deamination of Intracellular Adenosine. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:801. [PMID: 38255875 PMCID: PMC10815691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been proposed that antidiabetic drugs, such as metformin and imatinib, at least in part, promote improved glucose tolerance in type 2 diabetic patients via increased production of the inflammatory cytokine GDF15. This is supported by studies, performed in rodent cell lines and mouse models, in which the addition or production of GDF15 improved beta-cell function and survival. The aim of the present study was to determine whether human beta cells produce GDF15 in response to antidiabetic drugs and, if so, to further elucidate the mechanisms by which GDF15 modulates the function and survival of such cells. The effects and expression of GDF15 were analyzed in human insulin-producing EndoC-betaH1 cells and human islets. We observed that alpha and beta cells exhibit considerable heterogeneity in GDF15 immuno-positivity. The predominant form of GDF15 present in islet and EndoC-betaH1 cells was pro-GDF15. Imatinib, but not metformin, increased pro-GDF15 levels in EndoC-betaH1 cells. Under basal conditions, exogenous GDF15 increased human islet oxygen consumption rates. In EndoC-betaH1 cells and human islets, exogenous GDF15 partially ameliorated cytokine- or palmitate + high-glucose-induced loss of function and viability. GDF15-induced cell survival was paralleled by increased inosine levels, suggesting a more efficient disposal of intracellular adenosine. Knockdown of adenosine deaminase, the enzyme that converts adenosine to inosine, resulted in lowered inosine levels and loss of protection against cytokine- or palmitate + high-glucose-induced cell death. It is concluded that imatinib-induced GDF15 production may protect human beta cells partially against inflammatory and metabolic stress. Furthermore, it is possible that the GDF15-mediated activation of adenosine deaminase and the increased disposal of intracellular adenosine participate in protection against beta-cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anongnad Ngamjariyawat
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.N.); (J.C.); (X.W.)
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Jing Cen
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.N.); (J.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Xuan Wang
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.N.); (J.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Nils Welsh
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.N.); (J.C.); (X.W.)
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21
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Liaño Riera M, Santiago Sáez A, García Martín Á, Gómez Serrano M, Minoretti P. Relation of Sleep Quality to a Panel of Plasma Cardiometabolic Markers in Airline Pilots: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e51650. [PMID: 38318571 PMCID: PMC10839343 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Insomnia and poor sleep are leading modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Given the high susceptibility of airline pilots (APs) to sleep disturbances, we sought to investigate the hypothesis that poor sleep in this professional group correlates with alterations in plasma biochemical markers that would reflect critical aspects in the pathophysiology of cardiometabolic disorders. Methods In this preliminary cross-sectional study, we examined the relation of poor sleep to fourteen plasma biomarkers reflecting multiple cardiometabolic pathways in a convenience sample of 117 male APs. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to categorize the participants into good sleepers (n = 70, 59.8%; PSQI scores from 0 to 4) and poor sleepers (n = 47, 40.2%; PSQI scores of 5 or higher). The concentrations of biomarkers were compared between the two groups using both univariable and multivariable analyses. Results Compared to good sleepers, APs identified as poor sleepers exhibited significantly different levels of four plasma cardiometabolic biochemical markers in univariable analysis. However, in multivariable-adjusted analysis, only three biomarkers, adiponectin, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21, and growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15, remained independently associated with poor sleep. Conclusion Poor sleep quality in APs correlates with lower plasma concentrations of adiponectin and elevated levels of FGF-21 and GDF-15. Further longitudinal studies are required to elucidate the role of these biomarkers in the link between sleep disturbances and cardiometabolic risk in this professional group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Liaño Riera
- Legal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Pathology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, ESP
| | - Andrés Santiago Sáez
- Legal Medicine, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, ESP
- Legal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Pathology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, ESP
| | - Ángel García Martín
- Legal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Pathology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, ESP
| | - Manuel Gómez Serrano
- Legal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Pathology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, ESP
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22
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Van Hove JL, Friederich MW, Strode DK, Van Hove RA, Miller KR, Sharma R, Shah H, Estrella J, Gabel L, Horslen S, Kohli R, Lovell MA, Miethke AG, Molleston JP, Romero R, Squires JE, Alonso EM, Guthery SL, Kamath BM, Loomes KM, Rosenthal P, Mysore KR, Cavallo LA, Valentino PL, Magee JC, Sundaram SS, Sokol RJ. Protein biomarkers GDF15 and FGF21 to differentiate mitochondrial hepatopathies from other pediatric liver diseases. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0361. [PMID: 38180987 PMCID: PMC10781130 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial hepatopathies (MHs) are primary mitochondrial genetic disorders that can present as childhood liver disease. No recognized biomarkers discriminate MH from other childhood liver diseases. The protein biomarkers growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) differentiate mitochondrial myopathies from other myopathies. We evaluated these biomarkers to determine if they discriminate MH from other liver diseases in children. METHODS Serum biomarkers were measured in 36 children with MH (17 had a genetic diagnosis); 38 each with biliary atresia, α1-antitrypsin deficiency, and Alagille syndrome; 20 with NASH; and 186 controls. RESULTS GDF15 levels compared to controls were mildly elevated in patients with α1-antitrypsin deficiency, Alagille syndrome, and biliary atresia-young subgroup, but markedly elevated in MH (p<0.001). FGF21 levels were mildly elevated in NASH and markedly elevated in MH (p<0.001). Both biomarkers were higher in patients with MH with a known genetic cause but were similar in acute and chronic presentations. Both markers had a strong performance to identify MH with a molecular diagnosis with the AUC for GDF15 0.93±0.04 and for FGF21 0.90±0.06. Simultaneous elevation of both markers >98th percentile of controls identified genetically confirmed MH with a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 96%. In MH, independent predictors of survival without requiring liver transplantation were international normalized ratio and either GDF15 or FGF21 levels, with levels <2000 ng/L predicting survival without liver transplantation (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS GDF15 and FGF21 are significantly higher in children with MH compared to other childhood liver diseases and controls and, when combined, were predictive of MH and had prognostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan L.K. Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Marisa W. Friederich
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Dana K. Strode
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Roxanne A. Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kristen R. Miller
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hardik Shah
- Department of Molecular Biology and Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jane Estrella
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Linda Gabel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Simon Horslen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rohit Kohli
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mark A. Lovell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Alexander G. Miethke
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jean P. Molleston
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Indiana University and Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Rene Romero
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James E. Squires
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Estella M. Alonso
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephen L. Guthery
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Spencer F. Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Intermountain Primary Children’s Hospital, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Binita M. Kamath
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathleen M. Loomes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Philip Rosenthal
- Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Krupa R. Mysore
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Laurel A. Cavallo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pamela L. Valentino
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - John C. Magee
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Shikha S. Sundaram
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ronald J. Sokol
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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23
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Kobayashi S, Yamazaki H, Imamura T, Fujioka H, Kakeshita K, Koike T, Kinugawa K. Implication of serum growth differentiation factor-15 level in patients with renal diseases. Int Urol Nephrol 2023; 55:2935-2941. [PMID: 37010737 PMCID: PMC10069349 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The synthesis of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is induced by inflammation, hypoxia, and oxidative stress and is receiving great interest as a predictive biomarker for cardiovascular disease. However, its detailed impact on patients with renal disease remains uncertain. METHODS Patients who underwent renal biopsy for evaluation of renal disease between 2012 and 2017 in our institute were prospectively included. Serum GDF-15 levels were measured and its association with baseline characteristics and its impact on the 3-year composites of renal prognosis (composites of > 1.5 folds of serum creatinine and renal replacement therapy) were investigated. RESULTS A total of 110 patients (64 [42, 73] years old, 61 men) were included. The median serum GDF-15 level at baseline was 1885 (998, 3496) pg/mL. A higher serum GDF-15 level was associated with comorbidities including diabetes mellitus, anemia, renal impairment, and pathologic features including crescent formation, hyaline degeneration, and interstitial fibrosis (p < 0.05 for all). Serum GDF-15 level was a significant predictor of 3-year composite renal outcomes with an odds ratio per 100 pg/mL of 1.072 (95% confidence interval 1.001-1.103, p = 0.036) after adjustment for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS Serum GDF-15 levels were associated with several renal pathological features and renal prognosis in patients with renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Kobayashi
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hidenori Yamazaki
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Imamura
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Hayato Fujioka
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kota Kakeshita
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Koike
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kinugawa
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
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Jena J, García-Peña LM, Weatherford ET, Marti A, Bjorkman SH, Kato K, Koneru J, Chen JH, Seeley RJ, Abel ED, Pereira RO. GDF15 is required for cold-induced thermogenesis and contributes to improved systemic metabolic health following loss of OPA1 in brown adipocytes. eLife 2023; 12:e86452. [PMID: 37819027 PMCID: PMC10567111 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that mice lacking the protein optic atrophy 1 (OPA1 BKO) in brown adipose tissue (BAT) display induction of the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), which promotes fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) secretion as a batokine. FGF21 increases metabolic rates under baseline conditions but is dispensable for the resistance to diet-induced obesity (DIO) reported in OPA1 BKO mice (Pereira et al., 2021). To determine alternative mediators of this phenotype, we performed transcriptome analysis, which revealed increased levels of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), along with increased protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) levels in BAT. To investigate whether ATF4 induction was mediated by PERK and evaluate the contribution of GDF15 to the resistance to DIO, we selectively deleted PERK or GDF15 in OPA1 BKO mice. Mice with reduced OPA1 and PERK levels in BAT had preserved ISR activation. Importantly, simultaneous deletion of OPA1 and GDF15 partially reversed the resistance to DIO and abrogated the improvements in glucose tolerance. Furthermore, GDF15 was required to improve cold-induced thermogenesis in OPA1 BKO mice. Taken together, our data indicate that PERK is dispensable to induce the ISR, but GDF15 contributes to the resistance to DIO, and is required for glucose homeostasis and thermoregulation in OPA1 BKO mice by increasing energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Jena
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Luis Miguel García-Peña
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Eric T Weatherford
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Alex Marti
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Sarah H Bjorkman
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Kevin Kato
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Jivan Koneru
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Jason H Chen
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Randy J Seeley
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States
| | - E Dale Abel
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Renata O Pereira
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
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25
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Sales LP, Hounkpe BW, Perez MO, Caparbo VF, Domiciano DS, Borba EF, Schett G, Figueiredo CP, Pereira RMR. Transcriptomic characterization of classical monocytes highlights the involvement of immuno-inflammation in bone erosion in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1251034. [PMID: 37868981 PMCID: PMC10588645 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1251034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Evidence-based data suggest that under inflammatory conditions, classical monocytes are the main source of osteoclasts and might be involved in bone erosion pathophysiology. Here, we analyze the transcriptomic profile of classical monocytes in erosive and non-erosive rheumatoid arthritis patients in order to better understand their contribution to bone erosion. Methods Thirty-nine premenopausal RA patients were consecutively enrolled and divided into two groups based on the presence of bone erosions on hand joints. Classical monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood through negative selection, and RNA-seq was performed using a poly-A enrichment kit and Illumina® platform. Classical monocytes transcriptome from healthy age-matched women were also included to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Therefore, gene sets analysis was performed to identify the enriched biological pathways. Results RNA-seq analysis resulted in the identification of 1,140 DEGs of which 89 were up-regulated and 1,051 down-regulated in RA patients with bone erosion compared to those without bone erosions. Among up-regulated genes, there was a highlighted expression of IL18RAP and KLF14 related to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, innate and adaptive immune response. Genes related to collagen metabolism (LARP6) and bone formation process (PAPPA) were down-regulated in RA patients with erosions. Enriched pathways in patients with erosions were associated with greater activation of immune activation, and inflammation. Interestingly, pathways associated with osteoblast differentiation and regulation of Wnt signaling were less activated in RA patients with erosions. Conclusion These findings suggest that alterations in expression of monocyte genes related to the inflammatory process and impairment of bone formation might have an important role in the pathophysiology of bone erosions in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Peixoto Sales
- Rheumatology Division, Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bidossessi Wilfried Hounkpe
- Rheumatology Division, Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Ortega Perez
- Rheumatology Division, Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valéria Falco Caparbo
- Rheumatology Division, Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diogo Souza Domiciano
- Rheumatology Division, Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ferreira Borba
- Rheumatology Division, Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Camille Pinto Figueiredo
- Rheumatology Division, Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira
- Rheumatology Division, Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Jena J, García-Peña LM, Pereira RO. The roles of FGF21 and GDF15 in mediating the mitochondrial integrated stress response. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1264530. [PMID: 37818094 PMCID: PMC10561105 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1264530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Various models of mitochondrial stress result in induction of the stress-responsive cytokines fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). This is an adaptive mechanism downstream of the mitochondrial integrated stress response frequently associated with improvements in systemic metabolic health. Both FGF21 and GDF15 have been shown to modulate energy balance and glucose homeostasis, and their pharmacological administration leads to promising beneficial effects against obesity and associated metabolic diseases in pre-clinical models. Furthermore, endogenous upregulation of FGF21 and GDF15 is associated with resistance to diet-induced obesity (DIO), improved glucose homeostasis and increased insulin sensitivity. In this review, we highlight several studies on transgenic mouse models of mitochondrial stress and will compare the specific roles played by FGF21 and GDF15 on the systemic metabolic adaptations reported in these models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renata O. Pereira
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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Iglesias P, Silvestre RA, Díez JJ. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) in endocrinology. Endocrine 2023; 81:419-431. [PMID: 37129758 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03377-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Human growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a widely distributed protein that has shown to play multiple roles in both physiological and pathological conditions. In healthy individuals, GDF-15 is mainly expressed in the placenta, followed by the prostate, although low levels of expression have also been detected in different organs. GDF-15 acts through a recently identified receptor called glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor alpha-like (GFRAL) which signals through the rearranged during transfection (RET) tyrosine kinase receptor. The effects of GDF-15 are pleiotropic and include appetite regulation, and actions on metabolism, pregnancy, cell survival, immune response, and inflammation. GDF-15 also plays different roles in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, autoimmunity, cancer-associated anorexia/cachexia, and diabetes. In recent years, several studies have reported a link between GDF-15 and the endocrine system. In this review, we up-date and summarize the relevant investigations of the relationships between GDF-15 and different endocrine conditions. We also assess the potential pathogenic role and potential therapeutic applications of GDF-15 in the field of endocrinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Iglesias
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro Segovia de Arana, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ramona A Silvestre
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro Segovia de Arana, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J Díez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro Segovia de Arana, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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Donlon TA, Morris BJ, Chen R, Lim E, Morgen EK, Fortney K, Shah N, Masaki KH, Willcox BJ. Proteomic basis of mortality resilience mediated by FOXO3 longevity genotype. GeroScience 2023; 45:2303-2324. [PMID: 36881352 PMCID: PMC10651822 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00740-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
FOXO3 is a ubiquitous transcription factor expressed in response to cellular stress caused by nutrient deprivation, inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, radiation, hypoxia, and other factors. We showed previously that the association of inherited FOXO3 variants with longevity was the result of partial protection against mortality risk posed by aging-related life-long stressors, particularly cardiometabolic disease. We then referred to the longevity-associated genotypes as conferring "mortality resilience." Serum proteins whose levels change with aging and are associated with mortality risk may be considered as "stress proteins." They may serve as indirect measures of life-long stress. Our aims were to (1) identify stress proteins that increase with aging and are associated with an increased risk of mortality, and (2) to determine if FOXO3 longevity/resilience genotype dampens the expected increase in mortality risk they pose. A total of 4500 serum protein aptamers were quantified using the Somalogic SomaScan proteomics platform in the current study of 975 men aged 71-83 years. Stress proteins associated with mortality were identified. We then used age-adjusted multivariable Cox models to investigate the interaction of stress protein with FOXO3 longevity-associated rs12212067 genotypes. For all the analyses, the p values were corrected for multiple comparisons by false discovery rate. This led to the identification of 44 stress proteins influencing the association of FOXO3 genotype with reduced mortality. Biological pathways were identified for these proteins. Our results suggest that the FOXO3 resilience genotype functions by reducing mortality in pathways related to innate immunity, bone morphogenetic protein signaling, leukocyte migration, and growth factor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A Donlon
- Department of Research, NIH Center of Biomedical Research Excellence for Clinical and Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96817, USA
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Brian J Morris
- Department of Research, NIH Center of Biomedical Research Excellence for Clinical and Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96817, USA.
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Randi Chen
- Department of Research, NIH Center of Biomedical Research Excellence for Clinical and Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96817, USA
| | - Eunjung Lim
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Eric K Morgen
- BioAge Labs Inc., 1445A S 50th St, Richmond, California, USA
| | - Kristen Fortney
- BioAge Labs Inc., 1445A S 50th St, Richmond, California, USA
| | - Naisha Shah
- BioAge Labs Inc., 1445A S 50th St, Richmond, California, USA
| | - Kamal H Masaki
- Department of Research, NIH Center of Biomedical Research Excellence for Clinical and Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96817, USA
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Bradley J Willcox
- Department of Research, NIH Center of Biomedical Research Excellence for Clinical and Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96817, USA
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
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Otaki Y, Shimizu M, Watanabe T, Tachibana S, Sato J, Kobayashi Y, Aono T, Kato S, Tamura H, Nishiyama S, Arimoto T, Takahashi H, Watanabe M. Growth Differentiation Factor 15 and Clinical Outcomes in Japanese Patients With Heart Failure. Circ J 2023; 87:1120-1129. [PMID: 36948614 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-23-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is an increasing health problem associated with a high mortality rate. Growth differentiation factor (GDF) 15, a stress response cytokine belonging to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, is associated with poor clinical outcomes in a broad spectrum of cardiovascular diseases. However, the prognostic usefulness of GDF15 in Japanese patients with HF remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS We measured serum concentrations of GDF15 and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in 1,201 patients with HF. All patients were prospectively followed for a median period of 1,309 days. In all, 319 HF-related events and 187 all-cause deaths occurred during the follow-up period. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that, among GDF15 tertiles, the highest tertile group had the greatest risk of HF-related events and all-cause mortality. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis demonstrated that the serum GDF15 concentration was an independent predictor of HF-related events and all-cause deaths after adjusting for confounding risk factors. Serum GDF15 improved the prediction capacity for all-cause deaths and HF-related events with a significant net reclassification index and integrated discrimination improvement. Subgroup analysis in patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction also showed the prognostic usefulness of GDF15. CONCLUSIONS Serum GDF15 concentrations were associated with HF severity and clinical outcomes, indicating that GDF15 could provide additional clinical information to track the health status of patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Otaki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Mari Shimizu
- Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Shingo Tachibana
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Junya Sato
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Yuta Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Tomonori Aono
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Shigehiko Kato
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Harutoshi Tamura
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Satoshi Nishiyama
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Takanori Arimoto
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Masafumi Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
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30
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Manoli I, Gebremariam A, McCoy S, Pass AR, Gagné J, Hall C, Ferry S, Van Ryzin C, Sloan JL, Sacchetti E, Catesini G, Rizzo C, Martinelli D, Spada M, Dionisi-Vici C, Venditti CP. Biomarkers to predict disease progression and therapeutic response in isolated methylmalonic acidemia. J Inherit Metab Dis 2023; 46:554-572. [PMID: 37243446 PMCID: PMC10330948 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Methylmalonic Acidemia (MMA) is a heterogenous group of inborn errors of metabolism caused by a defect in the methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MMUT) enzyme or the synthesis and transport of its cofactor, 5'-deoxy-adenosylcobalamin. It is characterized by life-threatening episodes of ketoacidosis, chronic kidney disease, and other multiorgan complications. Liver transplantation can improve patient stability and survival and thus provides clinical and biochemical benchmarks for the development of hepatocyte-targeted genomic therapies. Data are presented from a US natural history protocol that evaluated subjects with different types of MMA including mut-type (N = 91), cblB-type (15), and cblA-type MMA (17), as well as from an Italian cohort of mut-type (N = 19) and cblB-type MMA (N = 2) subjects, including data before and after organ transplantation in both cohorts. Canonical metabolic markers, such as serum methylmalonic acid and propionylcarnitine, are variable and affected by dietary intake and renal function. We have therefore explored the use of the 1-13 C-propionate oxidation breath test (POBT) to measure metabolic capacity and the changes in circulating proteins to assess mitochondrial dysfunction (fibroblast growth factor 21 [FGF21] and growth differentiation factor 15 [GDF15]) and kidney injury (lipocalin-2 [LCN2]). Biomarker concentrations are higher in patients with the severe mut0 -type and cblB-type MMA, correlate with a decreased POBT, and show a significant response postliver transplant. Additional circulating and imaging markers to assess disease burden are necessary to monitor disease progression. A combination of biomarkers reflecting disease severity and multisystem involvement will be needed to help stratify patients for clinical trials and assess the efficacy of new therapies for MMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irini Manoli
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Abigael Gebremariam
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samantha McCoy
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexandra R. Pass
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jack Gagné
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Camryn Hall
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Susan Ferry
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carol Van Ryzin
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Sloan
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elisa Sacchetti
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Catesini
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiano Rizzo
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Martinelli
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Spada
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Liver and Kidney Tranplantation, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- European Research Network TransplantChild
| | - Carlo Dionisi-Vici
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Charles P. Venditti
- Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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Kobayashi Y, Otaki Y, Watanabe T, Tachibana S, Sato J, Saito Y, Aono T, Goto J, Kato S, Tamura H, Nishiyama S, Arimoto T, Takahashi H, Watanabe M. Growth Differentiation Factor-15 and Clinical Outcomes in Japanese Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease. JACC. ASIA 2023; 3:457-471. [PMID: 37396418 PMCID: PMC10308123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacasi.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Despite a reduction in the rate of thrombotic events, ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains a key medical problem associated with high major bleeding and mortality in Asian patients with IHD. Growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15, a stress-response cytokine belonging to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily, is reportedly associated with poor clinical outcomes in Western patients with IHD. However, the clinical significance of GDF-15 in Asian patients with IHD has not yet been fully elucidated. Objectives The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of serum GDF-15 on clinical outcomes in Japanese patients with IHD. Methods Serum GDF-15 levels were evaluated in 632 consecutive patients with IHD. All patients were followed up for a median period of 2.8 years. The primary endpoint was the all-cause mortality rate. Secondary endpoints were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), heart failure (HF)-related rehospitalization, bleeding, and thrombotic events. Results Serum GDF-15 levels were elevated in acute coronary syndrome, severe coronary artery disease, and the major Japanese version of the high bleeding risk criteria. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis demonstrated that GDF-15 was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality, MACE, HF-related rehospitalizations, and bleeding events after adjusting for confounding risk factors but not for thrombotic events. Adding GDF-15 to risk factors significantly improved the net reclassification index and integrated discrimination improvement for all-cause deaths, MACE, HF-related rehospitalization, and bleeding events. Conclusions Serum GDF-15 could be a feasible marker for major bleeding and adverse clinical outcomes in Japanese patients with IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Otaki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shingo Tachibana
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Junya Sato
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yuji Saito
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tomonori Aono
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Jun Goto
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shigehiko Kato
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Harutoshi Tamura
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nishiyama
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takanori Arimoto
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masafumi Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
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Joo M, Kim D, Lee MW, Lee HJ, Kim JM. GDF15 Promotes Cell Growth, Migration, and Invasion in Gastric Cancer by Inducing STAT3 Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032925. [PMID: 36769245 PMCID: PMC9917887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) has been reported to play an important role in cancer and is secreted and involved in the progression of various cancers, including ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and thyroid cancer. Nevertheless, the functional mechanism of GDF15 in gastric cancer is still unclear. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to estimate the expression of GDF15 in 178 gastric cancer tissues. The biological role and action mechanism of GDF15 were investigated by examining the effect of GDF15 knockdown in AGS and SNU216 gastric cancer cells. Here, we report that the high expression of GDF15 was associated with invasion depth (p = 0.002), nodal involvement (p = 0.003), stage III/IV (p = 0.01), lymphatic invasion (p = 0.05), and tumor size (p = 0.049), which are related to poor survival in gastric cancer patients. GDF15 knockdown induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and remarkably inhibited cell proliferation and reduced cell motility, migration, and invasion compared to the control. GDF15 knockdown inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating the STAT3 phosphorylation signaling pathways. Taken together, our results indicate that GDF15 expression is associated with aggressive gastric cancer by promoting STAT3 phosphorylation, suggesting that the GDF15-STAT3 signaling axis is a potential therapeutic target against gastric cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Joo
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Won Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (H.J.L.); (J.-M.K.); Tel.: +82-42-280-8369 (H.J.L.); +82-42-580-8237 (J.-M.K.)
| | - Jin-Man Kim
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (H.J.L.); (J.-M.K.); Tel.: +82-42-280-8369 (H.J.L.); +82-42-580-8237 (J.-M.K.)
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Chelette B, Chidomere CL, Dantzer R. The GDF15-GFRAL axis mediates chemotherapy-induced fatigue in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 108:45-54. [PMID: 36427806 PMCID: PMC9868083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-related fatigue is defined as a distressing persistent subjective sense of physical, emotional, and/or cognitive tiredness or exhaustion related to cancer or cancer treatment that is not proportional to recent activity and that interferes with usual functioning. This form of fatigue is highly prevalent during cancer treatment and in some patients, it can persist for years after treatment has ended. An understanding of the mechanisms that drive cancer-related fatigue is still lacking, which hampers the identification of effective treatment options. Various chemotherapeutic agents including cisplatin are known to induce mitochondrial dysfunction and this effect is known to mediate chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and cognitive dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction results in the release of mitokines that act locally and at distance to promote metabolic and behavioral adjustments to this form of cellular stress. One of these mitokines, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and its receptor, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor α-like (GFRAL), have received special attention in oncology as activation of GFRAL mediates the anorexic response that is responsible for cancer anorexia. The present study was initiated to determine whether GDF15 and GFRAL are involved in cisplatin-induced fatigue. We first tested the ability of cisplatin to increase circulating GDF15 in mice before assessing whether GDF15 can induce behavioral fatigue measured by decreased wheel running in healthy mice and increase behavioral fatigue induced by cisplatin. Mice administered a long acting form of GDF15, mGDF15-fc, decreased their voluntary wheel running activity. When the same treatment was administered to mice receiving cisplatin, it increased the amplitude and duration of cisplatin-induced decrease in wheel running. To determine whether endogenous GDF15 mediates the behavioral fatigue induced by cisplatin, we then administered a neutralizing monoclonal antibody to GFRAL to mice injected with cisplatin. The GFRAL neutralizing antibody mostly prevented cisplatin-induced decrease in wheel running and accelerated recovery. Taken together these findings demonstrate for the first time the role of the GDF15/GFRAL axis in cisplatin-induced behaviors and indicate that this axis could be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer-related fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Chelette
- Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chinenye L Chidomere
- Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Department of Symptom Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Ebihara T, Matsubara T, Togami Y, Matsumoto H, Tachino J, Matsuura H, Kojima T, Sugihara F, Seno S, Okuzaki D, Hirata H, Ogura H. Combination of WFDC2, CHI3L1, and KRT19 in Plasma Defines a Clinically Useful Molecular Phenotype Associated with Prognosis in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients. J Clin Immunol 2023; 43:286-298. [PMID: 36331721 PMCID: PMC9638294 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01386-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is now a common disease, but its pathogenesis remains unknown. Blood circulating proteins reflect host defenses against COVID-19. We investigated whether evaluation of longitudinal blood proteomics for COVID-19 and merging with clinical information would allow elucidation of its pathogenesis and develop a useful clinical phenotype. METHODS To achieve the first goal (determining key proteins), we derived plasma proteins related to disease severity by using a first discovery cohort. We then assessed the association of the derived proteins with clinical outcome in a second discovery cohort. Finally, the candidates were validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a validation cohort to determine key proteins. For the second goal (understanding the associations of the clinical phenotypes with 28-day mortality and clinical outcome), we assessed the associations between clinical phenotypes derived by latent cluster analysis with the key proteins and 28-day mortality and clinical outcome. RESULTS We identified four key proteins (WFDC2, GDF15, CHI3L1, and KRT19) involved in critical pathogenesis from the three different cohorts. These key proteins were related to the function of cell adhesion and not immune response. Considering the multicollinearity, three clinical phenotypes based on WFDC2, CHI3L1, and KRT19 were identified that were associated with mortality and clinical outcome. CONCLUSION The use of these easily measured key proteins offered new insight into the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and could be useful in a potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ebihara
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsunehiro Matsubara
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Togami
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisatake Matsumoto
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Jotaro Tachino
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuura
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Osaka Prefectural Nakakawachi Emergency and Critical Care Center, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Laboratory for Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fuminori Sugihara
- Core Instrumentation Facility, Immunology Frontier Research Center and Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeto Seno
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Hirata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ogura
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Xu J, Xiao N, Zhou D, Xie L. Disease tolerance: a protective mechanism of lung infections. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1037850. [PMID: 37207185 PMCID: PMC10189053 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1037850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance and tolerance are two important strategies employed by the host immune response to defend against pathogens. Multidrug-resistant bacteria affect the resistance mechanisms involved in pathogen clearance. Disease tolerance, defined as the ability to reduce the negative impact of infection on the host, might be a new research direction for the treatment of infections. The lungs are highly susceptible to infections and thus are important for understanding host tolerance and its precise mechanisms. This review focuses on the factors that induce lung disease tolerance, cell and molecular mechanisms involved in tissue damage control, and the relationship between disease tolerance and sepsis immunoparalysis. Understanding the exact mechanism of lung disease tolerance could allow better assessment of the immune status of patients and provide new ideas for the treatment of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiao Xu
- College of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, 8th Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dongsheng Zhou, ; Lixin Xie,
| | - Lixin Xie
- College of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, 8th Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dongsheng Zhou, ; Lixin Xie,
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Mastrobattista E, Lenze EJ, Reynolds CF, Mulsant BH, Wetherell J, Wu GF, Blumberger DM, Karp JF, Butters MA, Mendes-Silva AP, Vieira EL, Tseng G, Diniz BS. Late-Life Depression is Associated With Increased Levels of GDF-15, a Pro-Aging Mitokine. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:1-9. [PMID: 36153290 PMCID: PMC9701166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In older adults, major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with accelerated physiological and cognitive aging, generating interest in uncovering biological pathways that may be targetable by interventions. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) plays a significant role in biological aging via multiple biological pathways relevant to age and age-related diseases. Elevated levels of GDF-15 correlate with increasing chronological age, decreased telomerase activity, and increased mortality risk in older adults. We sought to evaluate the circulating levels of GDF-15 in older adults with MDD and its association with depression severity, physical comorbidity burden, age of onset of first depressive episode, and cognitive performance. DESIGN This study assayed circulating levels of GDF-15 in 393 older adults (mean ± SD age 70 ± 6.6 years, male:female ratio 1:1.54), 308 with MDD and 85 non-depressed comparison individuals. RESULTS After adjusting for confounding variables, depressed older adults had significantly higher GDF-15 serum levels (640.1 ± 501.5 ng/mL) than comparison individuals (431.90 ± 223.35 ng/mL) (t=3.75, d.f.= 391, p=0.0002). Among depressed individuals, those with high GDF-15 had higher levels of comorbid physical illness, lower executive cognitive functioning, and higher likelihood of having late-onset depression. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that depression in late life is associated with GDF-15, a marker of amplified age-related biological changes. GDF-15 is a novel and potentially targetable biological pathway between depression and accelerated aging, including cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric J Lenze
- Department of Psychiatry (EJL), Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Charles F Reynolds
- Department of Psychiatry (CFR, MAB), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Benoit H Mulsant
- Department of Psychiatry (BHM, DMB, APMS, ELV), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Julie Wetherell
- VA San Diego Healthcare System (JW), Mental Health Impact Unit 3, University of California, San Diego Department of Psychiatry
| | - Gregory F Wu
- Department of Neurology (GFW), Washington University, St Louis, MO
| | - Daniel M Blumberger
- Department of Psychiatry (BHM, DMB, APMS, ELV), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Jordan F Karp
- Department of Psychiatry (JFK), The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ
| | - Meryl A Butters
- Department of Psychiatry (CFR, MAB), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ana Paula Mendes-Silva
- Department of Psychiatry (BHM, DMB, APMS, ELV), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Erica L Vieira
- Department of Psychiatry (BHM, DMB, APMS, ELV), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - George Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics (GT), University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, PA
| | - Breno S Diniz
- UConn Center on Aging (EM, BSD), University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT; Department of Psychiatry (BSD), UConn School of Medicine, Farmington, CT.
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Miftode RS, Constantinescu D, Cianga CM, Petris AO, Costache II, Mitu O, Miftode IL, Mitu I, Timpau AS, Duca ST, Costache AD, Cianga P, Serban IL. A Rising Star of the Multimarker Panel: Growth Differentiation Factor-15 Levels Are an Independent Predictor of Mortality in Acute Heart Failure Patients Admitted to an Emergency Clinical Hospital from Eastern Europe. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12121948. [PMID: 36556311 PMCID: PMC9784402 DOI: 10.3390/life12121948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Acute heart failure (HF) represents one of the most common yet extremely severe presentations in emergency services worldwide, requiring prompt diagnosis, followed by an adequate therapeutic approach, and a thorough risk stratification. Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are currently the most widely implemented biomarkers in acute HF, but due to their lack of specificity, they are mainly used as ruling-out criteria. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a novel molecule expressing different pathophysiological pathways in HF, such as fibrosis, remodeling, and oxidative stress. It is also considered a very promising predictor of mortality and poor outcome. In this study, we aimed to investigate the GDF-15’s expression and particularities in patients with acute HF, focusing mainly on its role as a prognosis biomarker, either per se or as part of a multimarker panel. (2) Methods: This unicentric prospective study included a total of 173 subjects, divided into 2 subgroups: 120 patients presented in emergency with acute HF, while 53 were ambulatory-evaluated controls with chronic HF. At admission, all patients were evaluated according to standard clinical echocardiography and laboratory panel, including the assessment of GDF-15. (3) Results: The levels of GDF-15 were significantly higher in patients with acute HF, compared to controls [596 (305−904) vs. 216 (139−305) ng/L, p < 0.01]. GDF-15 also exhibited an adequate diagnostic performance in acute HF, expressed as an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.883 [confidence interval (CI) 95%: 0.828−0.938], similar to that of NT-proBNP (AUC: 0.976, CI 95%: 0.952−1.000), or troponin (AUC: 0.839, CI 95%: 0.733−0.944). High concentrations of GDF-15 were significantly correlated with mortality risk. In a multivariate regression model, GDF-15 was the most important predictor of a poor outcome, superior to NT-proBNP or troponin. (4) Conclusions: GDF-15 proved to be a reliable tool in the multimarker assessment of patients with acute HF. Compared to the gold standard NT-proBNP, GDF-15 presented a similar diagnostic performance, doubled by a significantly superior prognostic value, making it worth being included in a standardized multimarker panel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu-Stefan Miftode
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Daniela Constantinescu
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Corina-Maria Cianga
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Antoniu-Octavian Petris
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina-Iuliana Costache
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (I.-I.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Ovidiu Mitu
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ionela-Larisa Miftode
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ivona Mitu
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Amalia-Stefana Timpau
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Stefania-Teodora Duca
- Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru-Dan Costache
- Department of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Petru Cianga
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (I.-I.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Ionela-Lacramioara Serban
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Aguilar-Recarte D, Barroso E, Palomer X, Wahli W, Vázquez-Carrera M. Knocking on GDF15's door for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:741-754. [PMID: 36151002 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Although a large number of drugs are available for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), many patients do not achieve adequate disease control despite adhering to medication. Recent findings indicate that the pharmacological modulation of the stress-induced cytokine growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) shows promise for the treatment of T2DM. GDF15 suppresses appetite and reduces inflammation, increases thermogenesis and lipid catabolism, sustains AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, and ameliorates insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. In addition, circulating GDF15 levels are elevated in response to several antidiabetic drugs, including metformin, with GDF15 mediating some of their effects. Here, we review the mechanistic insights into the beneficial effects of recently explored therapeutic approaches that target GDF15 for the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Aguilar-Recarte
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Avinguda Joan XXII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emma Barroso
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Avinguda Joan XXII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Palomer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Avinguda Joan XXII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Walter Wahli
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 308232; ToxAlim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, UMR1331, 31300 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Avinguda Joan XXII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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De Paepe B. The Cytokine Growth Differentiation Factor-15 and Skeletal Muscle Health: Portrait of an Emerging Widely Applicable Disease Biomarker. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113180. [PMID: 36361969 PMCID: PMC9654287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a stress-induced transforming growth factor-β superfamily cytokine with versatile functions in human health. Elevated GDF-15 blood levels associate with multiple pathological conditions, and are currently extensively explored for diagnosis, and as a means to monitor disease progression and evaluate therapeutic responses. This review analyzes GDF-15 in human conditions specifically focusing on its association with muscle manifestations of sarcopenia, mitochondrial myopathy, and autoimmune and viral myositis. The use of GDF-15 as a widely applicable health biomarker to monitor muscle disease is discussed, and its potential as a therapeutic target is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boel De Paepe
- Neuromuscular Reference Center, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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40
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El Meouchy P, Wahoud M, Allam S, Chedid R, Karam W, Karam S. Hypertension Related to Obesity: Pathogenesis, Characteristics and Factors for Control. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012305. [PMID: 36293177 PMCID: PMC9604511 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) refers to obesity as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a health risk. Obesity was first designated as a disease in 2012 and since then the cost and the burden of the disease have witnessed a worrisome increase. Obesity and hypertension are closely interrelated as abdominal obesity interferes with the endocrine and immune systems and carries a greater risk for insulin resistance, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Many factors are at the interplay between obesity and hypertension. They include hemodynamic alterations, oxidative stress, renal injury, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance, sleep apnea syndrome and the leptin-melanocortin pathway. Genetics, epigenetics, and mitochondrial factors also play a major role. The measurement of blood pressure in obese patients requires an adapted cuff and the search for other secondary causes is necessary at higher thresholds than the general population. Lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise are often not enough to control obesity, and so far, bariatric surgery constitutes the most reliable method to achieve weight loss. Nonetheless, the emergence of new agents such as Semaglutide and Tirzepatide offers promising alternatives. Finally, several molecular pathways are actively being explored, and they should significantly extend the treatment options available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul El Meouchy
- Department of Internal Medicine, MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Mohamad Wahoud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Sabine Allam
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, El Koura P.O. Box 100, Lebanon
| | - Roy Chedid
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, William Carey University, Hattiesburg, MS 39401, USA
| | - Wissam Karam
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita, KS 67214, USA
| | - Sabine Karam
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
- Correspondence:
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Chen J, Peng H, Chen C, Wang Y, Sang T, Cai Z, Zhao Q, Chen S, Lin X, Eling T, Wang X. NAG-1/GDF15 inhibits diabetic nephropathy via inhibiting AGE/RAGE-mediated inflammation signaling pathways in C57BL/6 mice and HK-2 cells. Life Sci 2022; 311:121142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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The Effect of Dextrose or Protein Ingestion on Circulating Growth Differentiation Factor 15 and Appetite in Older Compared to Younger Women. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194066. [PMID: 36235718 PMCID: PMC9571024 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress signal that can be induced by protein restriction and is associated with reduced food intake. Anorexia of aging, insufficient protein intake as well as high GDF15 concentrations often occur in older age, but it is unknown whether GDF15 concentrations change acutely after meal ingestion and affect appetite in older individuals. After an overnight fast, appetite was assessed in older (n = 20; 73.7 ± 6.30 years) and younger (n = 20; 25.7 ± 4.39 years) women with visual analogue scales, and concentrations of circulating GDF15 and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were quantified before and at 1, 2 and 4 h after ingestion of either dextrose (182 kcal) or a mixed protein-rich meal (450 kcal). In response to dextrose ingestion, appetite increased in both older and younger women, whereas GDF15 concentrations increased only in the older group. In older women, appetite response was negatively correlated with the GDF15 response (rho = -0.802, p = 0.005). Following high-protein ingestion, appetite increased in younger women, but remained low in the old, while GDF15 concentrations did not change significantly in either age group. GLP-1 concentrations did not differ between age groups or test meals. In summary, acute GDF15 response differed between older and younger women. Associations of postprandial appetite and GDF15 following dextrose ingestion in older women suggest a reduced appetite response when the GDF15 response is high, thus supporting the proposed anorectic effects of high GDF15 concentrations.
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Parchwani D, Dholariya S, Katoch CDS, Singh R. Growth differentiation factor 15 as an emerging novel biomarker in SARS-CoV-2 infection. World J Methodol 2022; 12:438-447. [PMID: 36186744 PMCID: PMC9516548 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v12.i5.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15 is a member of a transforming growth factor-β cytokine superfamily that regulates metabolism and is released in response to inflammation, hypoxia and tissue injury. It has evolved as one of the most potent cytokines for predicting the severity of infections and inflammatory conditions, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
AIM To investigate the utility of GDF-15 in predicting the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
METHODS PubMed, Reference Citation Analysis, CNKI, and Goggle Scholar were explored by using related MeSH keywords and data such as the first author’s name, study duration, type and place of study, sample size and subgroups of participants if any, serum/plasma GDF- 15 level in pg/mL, area under the curve and cut-off value in receiver operating characteristic analysis, method of measurement of GDF-15, and the main conclusion were extracted.
RESULTS In all studies, the baseline GDF-15 level was elevated in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, and it was significantly associated with severity, hypoxemia, viral load, and worse clinical consequences. In addition, GDF-15 levels were correlated with C-reactive protein, D-dimer, ferritin and procalcitonin, and it had superior discriminatory ability to detect severity and in-hospital mortality of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Hence, GDF-15 might be used to predict the severity and prognosis of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2.
CONCLUSION Serial estimation of GDF-15 levels in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection appeared to have useful prognostic value and GDF-15 can be considered a clinically prominent sepsis biomarker for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Parchwani
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot 360001, Gujarat, India
| | - Sagar Dholariya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot 360001, Gujarat, India
| | - CDS Katoch
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot 360001, Gujarat, India
| | - Ragini Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot 360001, Gujarat, India
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GDF15 Contributes to Radioresistance by Mediating the EMT and Stemness of Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810911. [PMID: 36142823 PMCID: PMC9504016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the conventional methods for the clinical treatment of breast cancer. However, radioresistance has an adverse effect on the prognosis of breast cancer patients after radiotherapy. In this study, using bioinformatic analysis of GSE59732 and GSE59733 datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database together with the prognosis database of breast cancer patients after radiotherapy, the GDF15 gene was screened out to be related to the poor prognosis of breast cancer after radiotherapy. Compared with radiosensitive parental breast cancer cells, breast cancer cells with acquired radioresistance exhibited a high level of GDF15 expression and enhanced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) properties of migration and invasion, as well as obvious stem-like traits, including the increases of mammosphere formation ability, the proportion of stem cells (CD44+ CD24- cells), and the expressions of stem cell-related markers (SOX2, NANOG). Moreover, knockdown of GDF15 sensitized the radioresistance cells to irradiation and significantly inhibited their EMT and stem-like traits, indicating that GDF15 promoted the radioresistance of breast cancer by enhancing the properties of EMT and stemness. Conclusively, GDF15 may be applicable as a novel prognosis-related biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer radiotherapy.
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BMP2 as a promising anticancer approach: functions and molecular mechanisms. Invest New Drugs 2022; 40:1322-1332. [PMID: 36040572 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-022-01298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), a pluripotent factor, is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily and is implicated in embryonic development and postnatal homeostasis in tissues and organs. Experimental research in the contexts of physiology and pathology has indicated that BMP2 can induce macrophages to differentiate into osteoclasts and accelerate the osteolytic mechanism, aggravating cancer cell bone metastasis. Emerging studies have stressed the potent regulatory effect of BMP2 in cancer cell differentiation, proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. Complicated signaling networks involving multiple regulatory proteins imply the significant biological functions of BMP2 in cancer. In this review, we comprehensively summarized and discussed the current evidence related to the modulation of BMP2 in tumorigenesis and development, including evidence related to the roles and molecular mechanisms of BMP2 in regulating cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer angiogenesis and the tumor microenvironment (TME). All these findings suggest that BMP2 may be an effective therapeutic target for cancer and a new marker for assessing treatment efficacy.
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GDF-15 and sST-2 act as biomarkers of disease severity but not independent predictors in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109150. [PMID: 36027852 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to explore biomarkers of disease severity in idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) and independent predictors of prognosis in IMN. METHODS Clinical data were collected from 79 IMN patients. Serum levels of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity (sST-2) were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in IMN patients and subgroups, and correlation analysis was performed. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of IMN, and a combined-factors model was constructed. Moreover, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the prognostic efficacy. RESULTS The levels of GDF-15 were significantly higher in the IMN group and subgroups with low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and high 24 hour-urine protein (24 h-UP), whiles sST-2 level was only significantly higher in the IMN group. GDF-15 levels were positively correlated with creatinine (Crea), cystatin C (Cys-C) and 24 h-UP and negatively correlated with GFR and albumin (Alb), while sST-2 levels were positively correlated with Urea and Cys-C and negatively correlated with eGFR. After one year of follow-up, 54 patients had incomplete remission. Serum phospholipase A2 receptor antibody (PLA2R-Ab), Urea, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and 24 h-UP but not GDF-15 and sST2 were independent predictors of prognosis in IMN patients, but combined factors showed the best prognostic efficacy. CONCLUSION Serum levels of GDF-15 and sST-2 may be potential biomarkers for the severity of IMN, while the combined-factors model is effective for predicting the risk factors of incomplete remission in IMN.
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Radwanska A, Cottage CT, Piras A, Overed-Sayer C, Sihlbom C, Budida R, Wrench C, Connor J, Monkley S, Hazon P, Schluter H, Thomas MJ, Hogaboam CM, Murray LA. Increased expression and accumulation of GDF15 in IPF extracellular matrix contribute to fibrosis. JCI Insight 2022; 7:153058. [PMID: 35993367 PMCID: PMC9462497 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.153058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic disease of unmet medical need. It is characterized by formation of scar tissue leading to a progressive and irreversible decline in lung function. IPF is associated with repeated injury, which may alter the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, we demonstrate that IPF patient–derived pulmonary ECM drives profibrotic response in normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF) in a 3D spheroid assay. Next, we reveal distinct alterations in composition of the diseased ECM, identifying potentially novel associations with IPF. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) was identified among the most significantly upregulated proteins in the IPF lung–derived ECM. In vivo, GDF15 neutralization in a bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis model led to significantly less fibrosis. In vitro, recombinant GDF15 (rGDF15) stimulated α smooth muscle actin (αSMA) expression in NHLF, and this was mediated by the activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5) receptor. Furthermore, in the presence of rGDF15, the migration of NHLF in collagen gel was reduced. In addition, we observed a cell type–dependent effect of GDF15 on the expression of cell senescence markers. Our data suggest that GDF15 mediates lung fibrosis through fibroblast activation and differentiation, implicating a potential direct role of this matrix-associated cytokine in promoting aberrant cell responses in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Radwanska
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christopher Travis Cottage
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, R&I, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Antonio Piras
- Bioscience In Vivo, Research and Early Development, R&I, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Catherine Overed-Sayer
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, R&I, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carina Sihlbom
- Proteomics Core Facility of Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ramachandramouli Budida
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, R&I, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Catherine Wrench
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, R&I, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Connor
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, R&I, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Susan Monkley
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, R&I, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Hazon
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Holger Schluter
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Matthew J. Thomas
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Lynne A. Murray
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, R&I, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Triggle CR, Mohammed I, Bshesh K, Marei I, Ye K, Ding H, MacDonald R, Hollenberg MD, Hill MA. Metformin: Is it a drug for all reasons and diseases? Metabolism 2022; 133:155223. [PMID: 35640743 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metformin was first used to treat type 2 diabetes in the late 1950s and in 2022 remains the first-choice drug used daily by approximately 150 million people. An accumulation of positive pre-clinical and clinical data has stimulated interest in re-purposing metformin to treat a variety of diseases including COVID-19. In polycystic ovary syndrome metformin improves insulin sensitivity. In type 1 diabetes metformin may help reduce the insulin dose. Meta-analysis and data from pre-clinical and clinical studies link metformin to a reduction in the incidence of cancer. Clinical trials, including MILES (Metformin In Longevity Study), and TAME (Targeting Aging with Metformin), have been designed to determine if metformin can offset aging and extend lifespan. Pre-clinical and clinical data suggest that metformin, via suppression of pro-inflammatory pathways, protection of mitochondria and vascular function, and direct actions on neuronal stem cells, may protect against neurodegenerative diseases. Metformin has also been studied for its anti-bacterial, -viral, -malaria efficacy. Collectively, these data raise the question: Is metformin a drug for all diseases? It remains unclear as to whether all of these putative beneficial effects are secondary to its actions as an anti-hyperglycemic and insulin-sensitizing drug, or result from other cellular actions, including inhibition of mTOR (mammalian target for rapamycin), or direct anti-viral actions. Clarification is also sought as to whether data from ex vivo studies based on the use of high concentrations of metformin can be translated into clinical benefits, or whether they reflect a 'Paracelsus' effect. The environmental impact of metformin, a drug with no known metabolites, is another emerging issue that has been linked to endocrine disruption in fish, and extensive use in T2D has also raised concerns over effects on human reproduction. The objectives for this review are to: 1) evaluate the putative mechanism(s) of action of metformin; 2) analyze the controversial evidence for metformin's effectiveness in the treatment of diseases other than type 2 diabetes; 3) assess the reproducibility of the data, and finally 4) reach an informed conclusion as to whether metformin is a drug for all diseases and reasons. We conclude that the primary clinical benefits of metformin result from its insulin-sensitizing and antihyperglycaemic effects that secondarily contribute to a reduced risk of a number of diseases and thereby enhancing healthspan. However, benefits like improving vascular endothelial function that are independent of effects on glucose homeostasis add to metformin's therapeutic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris R Triggle
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar; Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Ibrahim Mohammed
- Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalifa Bshesh
- Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Isra Marei
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kevin Ye
- Department of Biomedical Physiology & Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar; Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ross MacDonald
- Distribution eLibrary, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, P.O. Box 24144, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Morley D Hollenberg
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, a Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Michael A Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, MO, USA
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Wang Y, Chen J, Chen C, Peng H, Lin X, Zhao Q, Chen S, Wang X. Growth differentiation factor-15 overexpression promotes cell proliferation and predicts poor prognosis in cerebral lower-grade gliomas correlated with hypoxia and glycolysis signature. Life Sci 2022; 302:120645. [PMID: 35588865 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) plays complex and controversial roles in cancer. In this study, the prognostic value and the exact biological function of GDF15 in cerebral lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) and its potential molecular targets were examined. MAIN METHODS Wilcoxon signed-rank test and logistic regression were applied to analyze associations between GDF15 expression and clinical characteristics using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Overall survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox analyses. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and the hypoxia risk model was conducted to identify the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of GDF15 on LGGs tumorigenesis. The biological function of GDF15 was examined using gain- and loss-of-function experiments, and a recombinant hGDF15 protein in LGG SW1783 cells in vitro. KEY FINDINGS We found that higher GDF15 expression is associated with poor clinical features in LGG patients, and an independent risk factor for overall survival among LGG patients. GSEA results showed that the poor prognostic role of GDF15 in LGGs is related to hypoxia and glycolysis signatures, which was further validated using the hypoxia risk model. Furthermore, GDF15 overexpression facilitated cell proliferation, while GDF15 siRNA inhibits cell proliferation in LGG SW1783 cells. In addition, GDF15 was upregulated upon CoCl2 treatment which induces hypoxia, correlating with the upregulation of the expressions of HIF-1α and glycolysis-related key genes in SW1783 cells. SIGNIFICANCE GDF15 may promote LGG tumorigenesis that is associated with the hypoxia and glycolysis pathways, and thus could serve as a promising molecular target for LGG prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiajun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chaojie Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - He Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaojian Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Qian Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Shengjia Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xingya Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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Di Magno L, Di Pastena F, Bordone R, Coni S, Canettieri G. The Mechanism of Action of Biguanides: New Answers to a Complex Question. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133220. [PMID: 35804992 PMCID: PMC9265089 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Biguanides are a family of antidiabetic drugs with documented anticancer properties in preclinical and clinical settings. Despite intensive investigation, how they exert their therapeutic effects is still debated. Many studies support the hypothesis that biguanides inhibit mitochondrial complex I, inducing energy stress and activating compensatory responses mediated by energy sensors. However, a major concern related to this “complex” model is that the therapeutic concentrations of biguanides found in the blood and tissues are much lower than the doses required to inhibit complex I, suggesting the involvement of additional mechanisms. This comprehensive review illustrates the current knowledge of pharmacokinetics, receptors, sensors, intracellular alterations, and the mechanism of action of biguanides in diabetes and cancer. The conditions of usage and variables affecting the response to these drugs, the effect on the immune system and microbiota, as well as the results from the most relevant clinical trials in cancer are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Di Magno
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.D.M.); (F.D.P.); (R.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Fiorella Di Pastena
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.D.M.); (F.D.P.); (R.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Rosa Bordone
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.D.M.); (F.D.P.); (R.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Sonia Coni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.D.M.); (F.D.P.); (R.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Gianluca Canettieri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.D.M.); (F.D.P.); (R.B.); (S.C.)
- Istituto Pasteur—Fondazione Cenci—Bolognetti, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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