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Åström Reitan JLM, Karshikoff B, Holmström L, Lekander M, Kemani MK, Wicksell RK. Associations between sickness behavior, but not inflammatory cytokines, and psychiatric comorbidity in chronic pain. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 167:107094. [PMID: 38896989 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Approximately one in five adults experiences chronic pain, often in co-occurrence with depression, insomnia, anxiety, and lower self-rated health. Elevated levels of cytokines, e.g. tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and interleukin 10 (IL-10), have been identified in patients with chronic pain. Depression, insufficient sleep, poor self-rated health, and pain intensity have also been associated with inflammatory biomarkers. This study aimed to investigate the interrelationships between inflammatory biomarkers and depression, insomnia, anxiety, self-rated health, sickness behavior, and pain intensity in patients with chronic pain. METHODS Self-report questionnaires and blood samples analyzed for plasma levels of inflammatory biomarkers were collected from 80 adult patients with chronic pain. Associations between inflammatory biomarkers (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)) and depression, insomnia, anxiety, self-rated health, sickness behavior, and pain intensity, were analyzed using bivariate Spearman rank correlation coefficients and regression analyses. RESULTS Participants were mainly women (72.5 %), with a mean age of 50.8 years, and a reported mean pain duration of 16.7 years. There were significant correlations between insomnia and CRP (rs =.26, p <.05); sex and ESR (rs =.29, p <.05); age and IL-6 (rs =.29, p <.05) and IL-8 (rs =.30, p <.05); BMI and IL-6 (rs =.50, p <.001), CRP (rs =.63, p <.001) and ESR (rs =.42, p <.001). Ratings of depression were positively and significantly related to ratings of sickness behavior and anxiety (β =.32 and β =.40, respectively), explaining 49 % of the total variance in depression ratings. Insomnia was positively and significantly related to sickness behavior (β =.37) explaining 31 % of the total variance in insomnia ratings. Inflammatory biomarkers, however, did not contribute significantly to the models. CONCLUSIONS Participants reported high levels of symptoms, yet the associations between these ratings and the inflammatory biomarkers were either absent or weak. Also, despite high levels of self-reported sickness behavior, overall the inflammatory status remained within the normal range. Ratings of sickness behavior contributed more than inflammatory markers in explaining ratings of depression and insomnia. The present results point to the complexity of chronic pain, and the challenges of identifying biomarkers that explain symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny L M Åström Reitan
- Behavioral Medicine, Theme Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Bianka Karshikoff
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Social Studies, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Linda Holmström
- Behavioral Medicine, Theme Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Lekander
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mike K Kemani
- Behavioral Medicine, Theme Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Health Promoting Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rikard K Wicksell
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Pain Clinic, Capio S:t Görans Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kaye AD, Perilloux DM, Hawkins AM, Wester GC, Ragaland AR, Hebert SV, Kim J, Heisler M, Kelkar RA, Chami AA, Shekoohi S, Kaye AM. Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin Modulators for Pathologic Pain States: A Narrative Review. Pain Ther 2024; 13:481-493. [PMID: 38724743 PMCID: PMC11111651 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-024-00603-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain, a complex and debilitating condition, involves intricate interactions between central and peripheral inflammatory processes. Cytokines, specifically tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukins (IL), are key mediators in the initiation and maintenance of chronic pain states. Sensory neurons expressing receptors for cytokines like TNF, IL-1, and IL-6 are implicated in peripheral sensitization, contributing to increased signaling of painful sensations. The potential of targeting TNF and IL for therapeutic intervention in chronic pain states is the focus of this review, with preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the use of TNF and IL modulators for pain management. The physiological and pathological roles of TNF in neuropathic pain is complex. Experimental evidence highlights the effectiveness of TNF modulation in mitigating pain symptoms in animal models and displays promising outcomes of clinical trials with TNF inhibitors, such as infliximab and etanercept. ILs, a diverse group of cytokines, including IL-1, IL-6, and IL-17, are discussed for their contributions to chronic pain through inflammation and peripheral sensitization. Specific IL modulators, such as secukinumab and tocilizumab, have shown potential in managing chronic neuropathic pain, as demonstrated in various studies and clinical trials. The pharmacokinetics, safety profiles, and challenges associated with TNF and IL modulators highlight the need for cautious medication monitoring in clinical practice. Comparative evaluations have revealed distinct efficacy and safety profiles among different cytokine modulators, emphasizing the need for personalized approaches based on the specific underlying causes of pain. Further research is necessary to elucidate the intricate mechanisms by which cytokines contribute to chronic pain, as well as to understand why they may affect pain differently in various contexts. Additionally, long-term safety profiles of cytokine modulators require more thorough investigation. This continued exploration holds the promise of enhancing our comprehension of cytokine modulation in chronic pain and shaping more potent therapeutic strategies for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Kaye
- Department of Anesthesiology and Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neurosciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.
| | - Dominique M Perilloux
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Alison M Hawkins
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Grace C Wester
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Amanda R Ragaland
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Sage V Hebert
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Julian Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Michael Heisler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Rucha A Kelkar
- School of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Azem A Chami
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Sahar Shekoohi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Adam M Kaye
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, 95211, USA
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Yu J, Wong S, Lin Z, Shan Z, Fan C, Xia Z, Cheung M, Zhu X, Liu JA, Cheung CW. High-Frequency Spinal Stimulation Suppresses Microglial Kaiso-P2X7 Receptor Axis-Induced Inflammation to Alleviate Neuropathic Pain in Rats. Ann Neurol 2024; 95:966-983. [PMID: 38450773 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuropathic pain poses a persistent challenge in clinical management. Neuromodulation has emerged as a last-resort therapy. Conventional spinal cord stimulation (Con SCS) often causes abnormal sensations and provides short analgesia, whereas high-frequency spinal cord stimulation (HF SCS) is a newer therapy that effectively alleviates pain without paresthesia. However, the modes of action of 10kHz HF SCS (HF10 SCS) in pain relief remain unclear. To bridge this knowledge gap, we employed preclinical models that mimic certain features of clinical SCS to explore the underlying mechanisms of HF10 SCS. Addressing these issues would provide the scientific basis for improving and evaluating the effectiveness, reliability, and practicality of different frequency SCS in clinical settings. METHODS We established a preclinical SCS model to examine its effects in a neuropathic pain rat model. We conducted bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) to examine cellular and molecular changes under different treatments. We employed genetic manipulations through intrathecal injection of a lentiviral system to explore the SCS-mediated signaling axis in pain. Various behavioral tests were performed to evaluate pain conditions under different treatments. RESULTS We found that HF10 SCS significantly reduces immune responses in the SDH by inactivating the Kaiso-P2X7R pathological axis in microglia, promoting long-lasting pain relief. Targeting Kaiso-P2X7R in microglia dramatically improved efficacy of Con SCS treatment, leading to reduced neuroinflammation and long-lasting pain relief. INTERPRETATION HF10 SCS could improve the immunopathologic state in the SDH, extending its benefits beyond symptom relief. Targeting the Kaiso-P2X7R axis may enhance Con SCS therapy and offer a new strategy for pain management. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:966-983.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Stanley Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Zhinan Lin
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Zhiming Shan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Chaoyang Fan
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Martin Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Xiaowei Zhu
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jessica Aijia Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Chi Wai Cheung
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Hong Kong Sanatorium Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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Li X, Wang J, Liao C, Yang X, Zhao Z, Liu Y, Xue Q, Luo Y, Liu X, Liu Z. The binding of PKCε and MEG2 to STAT3 regulates IL-6-mediated microglial hyperalgesia during inflammatory pain. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23590. [PMID: 38656553 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300152rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Studies have suggested that microglial IL-6 modulates inflammatory pain; however, the exact mechanism of action remains unclear. We therefore hypothesized that PKCε and MEG2 competitively bind to STAT3 and contribute to IL-6-mediated microglial hyperalgesia during inflammatory pain. Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to induce hyperalgesia model mice and microglial inflammation. Mechanical allodynia was evaluated using von Frey tests in vivo. The interaction among PKCε, MEG2, and STAT3 was determined using ELISA and immunoprecipitation assay in vitro. The PKCε, MEG2, t-STAT3, pSTAT3Tyr705, pSTAT3Ser727, IL-6, GLUT3, and TREM2 were assessed by Western blot. IL-6 promoter activity and IL-6 concentration were examined using dual luciferase assays and ELISA. Overexpression of PKCε and MEG2 promoted and attenuated inflammatory pain, accompanied by an increase and decrease in IL-6 expression, respectively. PKCε displayed a stronger binding ability to STAT3 when competing with MEG2. STAT3Ser727 phosphorylation increased STAT3 interaction with both PKCε and MEG2. Moreover, LPS increased PKCε, MEG2, pSTAT3Tyr705, pSTAT3Ser727, IL-6, and GLUT3 levels and decreased TREM2 during microglia inflammation. IL-6 promoter activity was enhanced or inhibited by PKCε or MEG2 in the presence of STAT3 and LPS stimulation, respectively. In microglia, overexpression of PKCε and/or MEG2 resulted in the elevation of tSTAT3, pSTAT3Tyr705, pSTAT3Ser727, IL-6, and TREM2, and the reduction of GLUT3. PKCε is more potent than MEG2 when competitively binding to STAT3, displaying dual modulatory effects of IL-6 production, thus regulating the GLUT3 and TREM2 in microglia during inflammatory pain sensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongjuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junliang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Changjian Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinping Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhao Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqiang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingsheng Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuesheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
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Salib AMN, Crane MJ, Lee SH, Wainger BJ, Jamieson AM, Lipscombe D. Interleukin-1α links peripheral Ca V2.2 channel activation to rapid adaptive increases in heat sensitivity in skin. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9051. [PMID: 38643253 PMCID: PMC11032389 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59424-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurons have the unique capacity to adapt output in response to changes in their environment. Within seconds, sensory nerve endings can become hypersensitive to stimuli in response to potentially damaging events. The underlying behavioral response is well studied, but several of the key signaling molecules that mediate sensory hypersensitivity remain unknown. We previously discovered that peripheral voltage-gated CaV2.2 channels in nerve endings in skin are essential for the rapid, transient increase in sensitivity to heat, but not to mechanical stimuli, that accompanies intradermal capsaicin. Here we report that the cytokine interleukin-1α (IL-1α), an alarmin, is necessary and sufficient to trigger rapid heat and mechanical hypersensitivity in skin. Of 20 cytokines screened, only IL-1α was consistently detected in hind paw interstitial fluid in response to intradermal capsaicin and, similar to behavioral sensitivity to heat, IL-1α levels were also dependent on peripheral CaV2.2 channel activity. Neutralizing IL-1α in skin significantly reduced capsaicin-induced changes in hind paw sensitivity to radiant heat and mechanical stimulation. Intradermal IL-1α enhances behavioral responses to stimuli and, in culture, IL-1α enhances the responsiveness of Trpv1-expressing sensory neurons. Together, our data suggest that IL-1α is the key cytokine that underlies rapid and reversible neuroinflammatory responses in skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Mary N Salib
- Department of Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Meredith J Crane
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Sang Hun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Brian J Wainger
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Amanda M Jamieson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Diane Lipscombe
- Department of Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
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Salib AMN, Crane MJ, Lee SH, Wainger BJ, Jamieson AM, Lipscombe D. Interleukin-1α links peripheral Ca V2.2 channel activation to rapid adaptive increases in heat sensitivity in skin. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.17.572072. [PMID: 38585803 PMCID: PMC10996502 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.17.572072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Neurons have the unique capacity to adapt output in response to changes in their environment. Within seconds, sensory nerve endings can become hypersensitive to stimuli in response to potentially damaging events. The underlying behavioral response is well studied, but several of the key signaling molecules that mediate sensory hypersensitivity remain unknown. We previously discovered that peripheral voltage-gated CaV2.2 channels in nerve endings in skin are essential for the rapid, transient increase in sensitivity to heat, but not to mechanical stimuli, that accompanies intradermal capsaicin. Here we report that the cytokine interleukin-1α (IL-1α), an alarmin, is necessary and sufficient to trigger rapid heat and mechanical hypersensitivity in skin. Of 20 cytokines screened, only IL-1α was consistently detected in hind paw interstitial fluid in response to intradermal capsaicin and, similar to behavioral sensitivity to heat, IL-1α levels were also dependent on peripheral CaV2.2 channel activity. Neutralizing IL-1α in skin significantly reduced capsaicin-induced changes in hind paw sensitivity to radiant heat and mechanical stimulation. Intradermal IL-1α enhances behavioral responses to stimuli and, in culture, IL-1α enhances the responsiveness of Trpv1-expressing sensory neurons. Together, our data suggest that IL-1α is the key cytokine that underlies rapid and reversible neuroinflammatory responses in skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Mary N Salib
- Department of Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Meredith J Crane
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Sang Hun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Brian J Wainger
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Amanda M Jamieson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Diane Lipscombe
- Department of Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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Chidambaran V, Duan Q, Pilipenko V, Glynn SM, Sproles A, Martin LJ, Lacagnina MJ, King CD, Ding L. The Role of Cytokines in Acute and Chronic Postsurgical Pain in Pediatric Patients after Major Musculoskeletal Surgeries. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.27.24304974. [PMID: 38585987 PMCID: PMC10996732 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.27.24304974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Study Objective To determine if baseline cytokines and their changes over postoperative days 0-2 (POD0-2) predict acute and chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) after major surgery. Design Prospective, observational, longitudinal nested study. Setting University-affiliated quaternary children's hospital. Patients Subjects (≥8 years old) with idiopathic scoliosis undergoing spine fusion or pectus excavatum undergoing Nuss procedure. Measurements Demographics, surgical, psychosocial measures, pain scores, and opioid use over POD0-2 were collected. Cytokine concentrations were analyzed in serial blood samples collected before and after (up to two weeks) surgery, using Luminex bead arrays. After data preparation, relationships between pre- and post-surgical cytokine concentrations with acute (% time in moderate-severe pain over POD0-2) and chronic (pain score>3/10 beyond 3 months post-surgery) pain were analyzed. After adjusting for covariates, univariate/multivariate regression analyses were conducted to associate baseline cytokine concentrations with postoperative pain, and mixed effects models were used to associate longitudinal cytokine concentrations with pain outcomes. Main Results Analyses included 3,164 measures of 16 cytokines from 112 subjects (median age 15.3, IQR 13.5-17.0, 54.5% female, 59.8% pectus). Acute postsurgical pain was associated with higher baseline concentrations of GM-CSF (β=0.95, SE 0.31; p=.003), IL-1β (β=0.84, SE 0.36; p=.02), IL-2 (β=0.78, SE 0.34; p=.03), and IL-12 p70 (β=0.88, SE 0.40; p=.03) and longitudinal postoperative elevations in GM-CSF (β=1.38, SE 0.57; p=.03), IFNγ (β=1.36, SE 0.6; p=.03), IL-1β (β=1.25, SE 0.59; p=.03), IL-7 (β=1.65, SE 0.7, p=.02), and IL-12 p70 (β=1.17, SE 0.58; p=.04). In contrast, CPSP was associated with lower baseline concentration of IL-8 (β= -0.39, SE 0.17; p=.02), and the risk of developing CPSP was elevated in patients with lower longitudinal postoperative concentrations of IL-6 (β= -0.57, SE 0.26; p=.03), IL-8 (β= -0.68, SE 0.24; p=.006), and IL-13 (β= -0.48, SE 0.22; p=.03). Furthermore, higher odds for CPSP were found for females (vs. males) for IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNFα, and for pectus (vs. spine) surgery for IL-8 and IL-10. Conclusion We identified pro-inflammatory cytokines associated with increased acute postoperative pain and anti-inflammatory cytokines associated with lower CPSP risk, with potential to serve as predictive and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Chidambaran
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Qing Duan
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Valentina Pilipenko
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Susan M. Glynn
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alyssa Sproles
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lisa J. Martin
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michael J. Lacagnina
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Christopher D. King
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lili Ding
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Alam J, Yaman E, Silva GCV, Chen R, de Paiva CS, Stepp MA, Pflugfelder SC. Single cell analysis of short-term dry eye induced changes in cornea immune cell populations. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1362336. [PMID: 38560382 PMCID: PMC10978656 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1362336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dry eye causes corneal inflammation, epitheliopathy and sensorineural changes. This study evaluates the hypothesis that dry eye alters the percentages and transcriptional profiles of immune cell populations in the cornea. Methods Desiccating stress (DS) induced dry eye was created by pharmacologic suppression of tear secretion and exposure to drafty low humidity environment. Expression profiling of corneal immune cells was performed by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Cell differentiation trajectories and cell fate were modeled through RNA velocity analysis. Confocal microscopy was used to immunodetect corneal immune cells. Irritation response to topical neurostimulants was assessed. Results Twelve corneal immune cell populations based on their transcriptional profiles were identified at baseline and consist of monocytes, resident (rMP) and MMP12/13 high macrophages, dendritic cells (cDC2), neutrophils, mast cells, pre T/B cells, and innate (γDT, ILC2, NK) and conventional T and B lymphocytes. T cells and resident macrophages (rMP) were the largest populations in the normal cornea comprising 18.6 and 18.2 percent, respectively. rMP increased to 55.2% of cells after 5 days of DS. Significant changes in expression of 1,365 genes (adj p < 0.0001) were noted in rMP with increases in cytokines and chemokines (Tnf, Cxcl1, Ccl12, Il1rn), inflammatory markers (Vcam, Adam17, Junb), the TAM receptor (Mertk), and decreases in complement and MHCII genes. A differentiation trajectory from monocytes to terminal state rMP was found. Phagocytosis, C-type lectin receptor signaling, NF-kappa B signaling and Toll-like receptor signaling were among the pathways with enhanced activity in these cells. The percentage of MRC1+ rMPs increased in the cornea and they were observed in the basal epithelium adjacent to epithelial nerve plexus. Concentration of the chemokine CXCL1 increased in the cornea and it heightened irritation/pain responses to topically applied hypertonic saline. Conclusion These findings indicate that DS recruits monocytes that differentiate to macrophages with increased expression of inflammation associated genes. The proximity of these macrophages to cornea nerves and their expression of neurosensitizers suggests they contribute to the corneal sensorineural changes in dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehan Alam
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ebru Yaman
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Gerda Cristal Villalba Silva
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rui Chen
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Cintia S. de Paiva
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mary Ann Stepp
- Departments of Anatomy, Regenerative Biology and Ophthalmology, The George Washington University Medical School and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Stephen C. Pflugfelder
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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Nazemi S, Helmi M, Kafami M, Amin B, Mojadadi MS. Preemptive administration of mesenchymal stem cells-derived conditioned medium can attenuate the development of neuropathic pain in rats via downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Behav Brain Res 2024; 461:114858. [PMID: 38211775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic condition characterized by persistent pain following nerve injury. It is a challenging clinical problem to manage due to limited treatment options. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived conditioned medium (CM) is a cell-free product that contains the secretome of MSCs and has been shown to have therapeutic potential in various inflammatory and degenerative disorders. Several animal studies have examined the antinociceptive effects of MSCs-CM on established neuropathic pain, but none have investigated the early prevention of neuropathic pain using MSCs-CM. Therefore, in this study, we tested whether preemptive administration of MSCs-CM could attenuate the development of NP in rats. To this end, NP was induced in Wistar rats using a chronic constriction injury (CCI) model (day 0), and then the animals were divided into four groups: Sham, CCI, CCI-Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), and CCI-CM. The CCI-CM group received 1 ml intraperitoneal administration of MSCs-CM on days - 1, 1, and 2, while the Sham, CCI, and CCI-DMEM groups received vehicle only (normal saline or DMEM). Mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency were assessed to evaluate pain sensitivities. In addition, the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) in the spinal cord tissues were measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The results demonstrated that preemptive treatment with MSCs-CM can significantly attenuate the development of NP, as evidenced by improved mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency in the CCI-CM group compared to the CCI and CCI-DMEM groups. Furthermore, the relative gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly decreased in the spinal cord tissues of the CCI-CM group compared to the control groups. These findings suggest that preemptive administration of MSCs-CM can attenuate the development of NP in rats, partly due to the downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samad Nazemi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mahtab Helmi
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Marzieh Kafami
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Bahareh Amin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Shafi Mojadadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
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Chindo BA, Howes MJR, Abuhamdah S, Mallam D, Micah T, Awotula RI, Battison R, Chazot PL. Evaluation of the anti-nociceptive profile of essential oil from Melissa officinalis L. (lemon balm) in acute and chronic pain models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117500. [PMID: 38030022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Melissa officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant native to Mediterranean regions and found in other parts of the world. Extracts and essential oil from this widely cultivated culinary medicinal herb are used in traditional medicine to manage a variety of disorders that include epilepsy and pain. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess the anti-nociceptive potentials of Melissa officinalis essential oil (MO) and probe the involvement of adrenergic, opioidergic, serotonergic and potassium adenosine triphosphate (KATP) mechanisms in its anti-nociceptive effects. MATERIAL AND METHODS We employed formalin-, acetic acid and hot plate-induced nociception to study the acute anti-nociceptive effects of MO. The sciatic nerve injury (CCI) model of neuropathic pain was utilized to study the anti-nociceptive effects of MO on chronic pain. Effects of MO on anxiety, cognitive deficits, oxidative stress and inflammation in the CCI rats were evaluated on elevated plus maze, open field test, novel object recognition, oxidative stress parameters and pro-inflammatory cytokines, respectively. The possible mechanism(s) of MO's anti-nociceptive effects were elucidated using prazosin, yohimbine, propranolol, glibenclimide, naloxone and metergoline, which are acknowledged antagonists for α1-, α2- and β-adrenergic, potassium adenosine triphosphate (KATP), opioidergic and serotonergic systems, respectively. RESULTS MO significantly attenuated acetic acid- and formalin-induced nociception; prolonged the mean reaction time of rats on hot plate before and following sciatic nerve chronic injury (CCI). MO ameliorated anxiety, cognitive deficits and oxidative stress, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and produced a near total restoration of injured sciatic nerves in CCI rats. Naloxone, metergoline and glibenclimide significantly blocked, while prazosin, yohimbine and popranolol failed to block the anti-nociceptive effects of MO in formalin-induced nociception. CONCLUSIONS MO contains biologically active compounds with potential anti-nociceptive properties that modulate KATP, opioidergic and serotonergic pathways. These support the development of bioactive compounds from MO as anti-nociceptive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben A Chindo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria.
| | | | - Sawsan Abuhamdah
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom; College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, P.O. Box 112612, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Danjuma Mallam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Timothy Micah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Rosemary I Awotula
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria; Roses Veterinary Services, No. 5 Nyerere Road, Narayi High Cost, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Robin Battison
- Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3DS, United Kingdom
| | - Paul L Chazot
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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11
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Nasir A, Afridi OK, Ullah S, Khan H, Bai Q. Mitigation of sciatica injury-induced neuropathic pain through active metabolites derived from medicinal plants. Pharmacol Res 2024; 200:107076. [PMID: 38237646 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Sciatica characterized by irritation, inflammation, and compression of the lower back nerve, is considered one of the most common back ailments globally. Currently, the therapeutic regimens for sciatica are experiencing a paradigm shift from the conventional pharmacological approach toward exploring potent phytochemicals from medicinal plants. There is a dire need to identify novel phytochemicals with anti-neuropathic potential. This review aimed to identify the potent phytochemicals from diverse medicinal plants capable of alleviating neuropathic pain associated with sciatica. This review describes the pathophysiology of sciatic nerve pain, its cellular mechanisms, and the pharmacological potential of various plants and phytochemicals using animal-based models of sciatic nerve injury-induced pain. Extensive searches across databases such as Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were conducted. The findings highlights 39 families including Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Apocyanaceae and Cucurbitaceae, effectively treating sciatic nerve injury-induced pain. Flavonoids made up 53% constituents, phenols and terpenoids made up 15%, alkaloids made up 13%, and glycosides made up 6% to be used in neuorpathic pain. Phytochemicals derived from various medicinal plants can serve as potential therapeutic targets for both acute and chronic sciatic injury-induced neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Nasir
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Medical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan.
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Medical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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12
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Xie H, Lu F, Li X, Wang E, Mo J, Liang W. Silencing of secreted phosphoprotein 1 attenuates sciatic nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain: Regulating extracellular signal-regulated kinase and neuroinflammatory signaling pathways. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1132. [PMID: 38415922 PMCID: PMC10836034 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic pathological pain that affects the quality of life and is a huge medical burden for affected patients. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) on NP. METHODS We established a chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat model, knocked down SPP1 via an intrathecal injection, and/or activated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) treatment. Pain behaviors, including paw withdrawal threshold (PWT), paw withdrawal latency (PWL), lifting number, and frequency, were assessed. After sacrificing rats, the L4-L5 dorsal root ganglion was collected. Then, SPP1 levels were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot analysis. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6, IL-10, epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were determined using qPCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of ERK pathway factors were determined via western blot analysis. RESULTS We found that CCI decreased PWT and PWL, increased the lifting number and frequency, and upregulated SPP1 levels. The loss of SPP1 reversed these CCI-induced effects. Additionally, CCI upregulated IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, EGF, and VEGF levels, downregulated TGF-β levels, and activated the ERK pathway, while silencing of SPP1 abrogated these CCI-induced effects. Moreover, IGF-1 treatment reversed the effects of SPP1 loss. CONCLUSIONS The data indicate that silencing SPP1 attenuates NP via inactivation of the ERK pathway, suggesting that SPP1 may be a promising target for NP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyu Xie
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Enfu Wang
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Jiao Mo
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Weidong Liang
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
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13
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Santos SS, de Souza MB, Lauria PSS, Juiz PJL, Villarreal CF, Viana MDM. Technological Trends Involving Probiotics in the Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy: A Patent Review (2009-2022). Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e220523217168. [PMID: 37221688 DOI: 10.2174/1573399820666230522121707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic neuropathy (DN) causes neuropathic pain, and current treatments are unsatisfactory. Recently studies have demonstrated an assertive correlation between gut microbiota and pain modulation. OBJECTIVE Considering the emerging search for new therapies for the control of DN and the growing commercial interest in the probiotics market, this study aimed to provide patents on the use of probiotics in the control of DN. METHODS This is a patent prospection performed in the Espacenet Patent database, using the association of keywords and IPC related to probiotics in medical preparations and foods, from 2009 to December 2022. RESULTS Results have shown that in 2020, there was a boom in patent filing in the area. Asian countries accounted for more than 50% of all 48 inventions (n = 48), with Japan as the only applicant in 2021. Products being developed in recent years point to effects that may represent an advancement in DN treatment, such as reduced concentration of pro-inflammatory mediators, metabolites and neurotransmitters release, and hypoglycemic potential. All effects were more related to the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera, associated with more than one property mentioned. CONCLUSION The mechanisms attributed to the microorganisms suggest the therapeutic potential of probiotics in the non-pharmacological treatment of pain. New applications for probiotics have resulted from great research interest by academia, but also reflect commercial interests despite the paucity of clinical trials. Thus, the present work supports the evolution of research to explore the benefits of probiotics and their clinical use in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sthefane Silva Santos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Mariana Bastos de Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Pedro Santana Sales Lauria
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Flora Villarreal
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Max Denisson Maurício Viana
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Sulaiman MI, Alabsi W, Szabo L, Hay M, Polt R, Largent-Milnes TM, Vanderah TW. PNA6, a Lactosyl Analogue of Angiotensin-(1-7), Reverses Pain Induced in Murine Models of Inflammation, Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy, and Metastatic Bone Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15007. [PMID: 37834455 PMCID: PMC10573977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241915007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is the most significant impairment and debilitating challenge for patients with bone metastasis. Therefore, the primary objective of current therapy is to mitigate and prevent the persistence of pain. Thus, cancer-induced bone pain is described as a multifaceted form of discomfort encompassing both inflammatory and neuropathic elements. We have developed a novel non-addictive pain therapeutic, PNA6, that is a derivative of the peptide Angiotensin-(1-7) and binds the Mas receptor to decrease inflammation-related cancer pain. In the present study, we provide evidence that PNA6 attenuates inflammatory, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and cancer pain confined to the long bones, exhibiting longer-lasting efficacious therapeutic effects. PNA6, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Ser-(O-β-Lact)-amide, was successfully synthesized using solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). PNA6 significantly reversed inflammatory pain induced by 2% carrageenan in mice. A second murine model of platinum drug-induced painful peripheral neuropathy was established using oxaliplatin. Mice in the oxaliplatin-vehicle treatment groups demonstrated significant mechanical allodynia compared to the oxaliplatin-PNA6 treatment group mice. In a third study modeling a complex pain state, E0771 breast adenocarcinoma cells were implanted into the femur of female C57BL/6J wild-type mice to induce cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP). Both acute and chronic dosing of PNA6 significantly reduced the spontaneous pain behaviors associated with CIBP. These data suggest that PNA6 is a viable lead candidate for treating chronic inflammatory and complex neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha I. Sulaiman
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (M.I.S.); (T.M.L.-M.)
| | - Wafaa Alabsi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (W.A.); (L.S.); (R.P.)
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, 1703 E. Mabel St, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Lajos Szabo
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (W.A.); (L.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Meredith Hay
- The BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
- Department of Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Robin Polt
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (W.A.); (L.S.); (R.P.)
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, 1703 E. Mabel St, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Tally M. Largent-Milnes
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (M.I.S.); (T.M.L.-M.)
- Comprehensive Pain and Addiction Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Todd W. Vanderah
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; (M.I.S.); (T.M.L.-M.)
- Comprehensive Pain and Addiction Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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15
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da Silva LS, Toledo RS, Stein DJ, de Castro JM, Caumo W, Torres ILS. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) antinociceptive effect is not altered by isoflurane anesthesia in neuropathic pain rats. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIOLOGY (ELSEVIER) 2023; 73:514-518. [PMID: 36924939 PMCID: PMC10362433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjane.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisiane Santos da Silva
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neuromodulação da Dor: Investigações Pré-clínicas, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberta Ströher Toledo
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neuromodulação da Dor: Investigações Pré-clínicas, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Dirson João Stein
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neuromodulação da Dor: Investigações Pré-clínicas, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Núcleo Translacional: Farmacologia da Dor e Neuromodulação, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Josimar Macedo de Castro
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neuromodulação da Dor: Investigações Pré-clínicas, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Núcleo Translacional: Farmacologia da Dor e Neuromodulação, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Wolnei Caumo
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Núcleo Translacional: Farmacologia da Dor e Neuromodulação, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Iraci L S Torres
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neuromodulação da Dor: Investigações Pré-clínicas, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Núcleo Translacional: Farmacologia da Dor e Neuromodulação, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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16
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Khan AW, Farooq M, Hwang MJ, Haseeb M, Choi S. Autoimmune Neuroinflammatory Diseases: Role of Interleukins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097960. [PMID: 37175665 PMCID: PMC10178921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases are a group of disorders resulting from abnormal immune responses in the nervous system, causing inflammation and tissue damage. The interleukin (IL) family of cytokines, especially IL-1, IL-6, and IL-17, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. IL-1 is involved in the activation of immune cells, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and promotion of blood-brain barrier breakdown. IL-6 is essential for the differentiation of T cells into Th17 cells and has been implicated in the initiation and progression of neuroinflammation. IL-17 is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by Th17 cells that plays a crucial role in recruiting immune cells to sites of inflammation. This review summarizes the current understanding of the roles of different interleukins in autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases, including multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, neuromyelitis optica, and autoimmune encephalitis, and discusses the potential of targeting ILs as a therapeutic strategy against these diseases. We also highlight the need for further research to better understand the roles of ILs in autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases and to identify new targets for treating these debilitating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Waheed Khan
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Mariya Farooq
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- S&K Therapeutics, Ajou University Campus Plaza 418, 199 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16502, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Jung Hwang
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Haseeb
- S&K Therapeutics, Ajou University Campus Plaza 418, 199 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16502, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangdun Choi
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- S&K Therapeutics, Ajou University Campus Plaza 418, 199 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16502, Republic of Korea
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17
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Bai YW, Yang QH, Chen PJ, Wang XQ. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation regulates neuroinflammation in neuropathic pain. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1172293. [PMID: 37180127 PMCID: PMC10167032 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1172293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a frequent condition caused by a lesion in, or disease of, the central or peripheral somatosensory nervous system and is associated with excessive inflammation in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a supplementary treatment for NP. In clinical research, rTMS of 5-10 Hz is widely placed in the primary motor cortex (M1) area, mostly at 80%-90% RMT, and 5-10 treatment sessions could produce an optimal analgesic effect. The degree of pain relief increases greatly when stimulation duration is greater than 10 days. Analgesia induced by rTMS appears to be related to reestablishing the neuroinflammation system. This article discussed the influences of rTMS on the nervous system inflammatory responses, including the brain, spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia (DRG), and peripheral nerve involved in the maintenance and exacerbation of NP. rTMS has shown an anti-inflammation effect by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10 and BDNF, in cortical and subcortical tissues. In addition, rTMS reduces the expression of glutamate receptors (mGluR5 and NMDAR2B) and microglia and astrocyte markers (Iba1 and GFAP). Furthermore, rTMS decreases nNOS expression in ipsilateral DRGs and peripheral nerve metabolism and regulates neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Bai
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Hao Yang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Jie Chen
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Qiang Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China
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18
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Joseph AM, Karas M, Joubran E, Jara Silva CE, Cordova S, Sinha M, Salam A, Leyva MM, Quinonez J, Ruxmohan S. Recent Advancements in Epidural Etanercept for Pain Management in Radiculopathy: A Literature Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e37672. [PMID: 37206531 PMCID: PMC10191459 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common etiology of low back and neck pain is associated with spinal cord pathologies. Regardless of origin, low back and neck pain are some of the most common causes of disability worldwide. Mechanical compression due to spinal cord diseases, such as degenerative disc disorders, can lead to radiculopathy, which manifests as numbness or tingling and can progress to loss of muscle function. Conservative management, such as physical therapy, has not been proven effective in treating radiculopathy, and surgical treatments have more risks than benefits for most patients. Epidural disease-modifying medications, such as Etanercept, have been recently explored due to their minimal invasiveness and direct effects on inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Therefore, this literature review aims to evaluate epidural Etanercept's effect on radiculopathy caused by degenerative disc diseases. Epidural Etanercept has been shown to improve radiculopathy in patients with lumbar disc degeneration, spinal stenosis, and sciatica. Further research is needed to compare the effectiveness of Etanercept with commonly used treatments such as steroids and analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Joseph
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Monica Karas
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Ernesto Joubran
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Cesar E Jara Silva
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Steven Cordova
- Department of Neurology, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, USA
- College of Medicine, St. Matthew's University School of Medicine, Grand Cayman, CYM
| | - Mehul Sinha
- Department of Medicine, International Society for Chronic Illnesses, Vadodara, IND
- Department of Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, IND
| | - Abdus Salam
- Department of General Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, PAK
| | - Melissa M Leyva
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Jonathan Quinonez
- Department of Neurology/Osteopathic Neuromuscular Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, USA
| | - Samir Ruxmohan
- Division of Neurocritical Care, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
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19
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Pandey MK. Exploring Pro-Inflammatory Immunological Mediators: Unraveling the Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation in Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041067. [PMID: 37189685 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases are a group of rare and ultra-rare genetic disorders caused by defects in specific genes that result in the accumulation of toxic substances in the lysosome. This excess accumulation of such cellular materials stimulates the activation of immune and neurological cells, leading to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Examples of lysosomal storage diseases include Gaucher, Fabry, Tay–Sachs, Sandhoff, and Wolman diseases. These diseases are characterized by the accumulation of various substrates, such as glucosylceramide, globotriaosylceramide, ganglioside GM2, sphingomyelin, ceramide, and triglycerides, in the affected cells. The resulting pro-inflammatory environment leads to the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and several components of complement cascades, which contribute to the progressive neurodegeneration seen in these diseases. In this study, we provide an overview of the genetic defects associated with lysosomal storage diseases and their impact on the induction of neuro-immune inflammation. By understanding the underlying mechanisms behind these diseases, we aim to provide new insights into potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for monitoring and managing the severity of these diseases. In conclusion, lysosomal storage diseases present a complex challenge for patients and clinicians, but this study offers a comprehensive overview of the impact of these diseases on the central and peripheral nervous systems and provides a foundation for further research into potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Pandey
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0515, USA
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20
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Low RN, Low RJ, Akrami A. A review of cytokine-based pathophysiology of Long COVID symptoms. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1011936. [PMID: 37064029 PMCID: PMC10103649 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1011936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Long COVID/Post Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) group includes patients with initial mild-to-moderate symptoms during the acute phase of the illness, in whom recovery is prolonged, or new symptoms are developed over months. Here, we propose a description of the pathophysiology of the Long COVID presentation based on inflammatory cytokine cascades and the p38 MAP kinase signaling pathways that regulate cytokine production. In this model, the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection is hypothesized to trigger a dysregulated peripheral immune system activation with subsequent cytokine release. Chronic low-grade inflammation leads to dysregulated brain microglia with an exaggerated release of central cytokines, producing neuroinflammation. Immunothrombosis linked to chronic inflammation with microclot formation leads to decreased tissue perfusion and ischemia. Intermittent fatigue, Post Exertional Malaise (PEM), CNS symptoms with "brain fog," arthralgias, paresthesias, dysautonomia, and GI and ophthalmic problems can consequently arise as result of the elevated peripheral and central cytokines. There are abundant similarities between symptoms in Long COVID and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). DNA polymorphisms and viral-induced epigenetic changes to cytokine gene expression may lead to chronic inflammation in Long COVID patients, predisposing some to develop autoimmunity, which may be the gateway to ME/CFS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan J. Low
- Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Sainsbury Wellcome Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Athena Akrami
- Sainsbury Wellcome Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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21
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Sun JL, Dai WJ, Shen XY, Lü N, Zhang YQ. Interleukin-17 is involved in neuropathic pain and spinal synapse plasticity on mice. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 377:578068. [PMID: 36948094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain seriously affects people's life, but its mechanism is not clear. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a proinflammation cytokine and involved in pain regulation. Our previous study found that IL-17 markedly enhanced the excitatory activity of spinal dorsal neurons in mice spinal slices. The present study attempts to explore if IL-17 contributes to neuropathic pain and spinal synapse plasticity. A model of spared nerve injury (SNI) was established in C57BL/6 J mice and IL-17a mutant mice. The pain-like behaviors was tested by von Frey test and dynamic mechanical stimuli, and the expression of IL-17 and its receptor, IL-17RA, was detected by immunohistochemical staining. C-fiber evoked field potentials were recorded in vivo. In the spinal dorsal horn, IL-17 predominantly expressed in the superficial spinal astrocytes and IL-17RA expressed mostly in neurons and slightly in astrocytes. The SNI-induced static and dynamic allodynia was significantly prevented by pretreatment of neutralizing IL-17 antibody (intrathecal injection, 2 μg/10 μL) and attenuated in IL-17a mutant mice. Post-treatment of IL-17 neutralizing antibody also partially relieved the established mechanical allodynia. Moreover, spinal long-term potentiation (LTP) of C-fiber evoked field potentials, a substrate for central sensitization, was suppressed by IL-17 neutralizing antibody. Intrathecal injection of IL-17 recombinant protein (0.2 μg/10 μL) mimicked the mechanical allodynia and facilitated the spinal LTP. These data implied that IL-17 in the spinal cord played a crucial role in neuropathic pain and central sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lu Sun
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Jing Dai
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Shen
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ning Lü
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yu-Qiu Zhang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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22
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Park J, Farmer M, Casson C, Kalashnikova I, Kolpek D. Therapeutic Potential of Combinative shRNA-Encoded Lentivirus-Mediated Gene Silencing to Accelerate Somatosensory Recovery After Spinal Cord Trauma. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:564-577. [PMID: 36401079 PMCID: PMC10121969 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a difficult problem that affects more than 80% of SCI patients. Growing evidence indicates that neuroinflammatory responses play a key role in neuropathic pain after SCI. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference is an efficient tool for the knockdown of disease-related specific gene expression after SCI, yet insufficient data is available to establish guidelines. In this study, we have constructed the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) shRNA encoded-lentiviral vector (LV-shTRPA1) and P38 MAPK shRNA encoded-lentiviral vector (LV-shP38) to investigate the silencing effects of shRNAs and their ability to reprogram the neuroinflammatory responses, thereby enhancing somatosensory recovery after SCI. Our in vitro data employing HEK293-FT and activated macrophages demonstrated that delivered LV-shRNAs showed high transduction efficacy with no cytotoxicity. Furthermore, a combination of LV-shP38 and LV-shTRPA1 was found to be most effective at suppressing target genes, cutting the expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-nociceptive factors in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia, thus contributing to the alleviation of neuronal hypersensitivities after SCI. Overall, our data demonstrated that the combination LV-shP38/shTRPA1 produced a synergistic effect for immunomodulation and reduced neuropathic pain with a favorable risk-to-benefit ratio. Collectively, our LV-mediated shRNA delivery will provide an efficient tool for gene silencing therapeutic approaches to treat various incurable disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghyuck Park
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
| | - Matthew Farmer
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Camara Casson
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Irina Kalashnikova
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Daniel Kolpek
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
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23
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Ciapała K, Pawlik K, Ciechanowska A, Mika J, Rojewska E. Effect of pharmacological modulation of the kynurenine pathway on pain-related behavior and opioid analgesia in a mouse model of neuropathic pain. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 461:116382. [PMID: 36681127 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the central nervous system are accompanied by changes in tryptophan metabolism, with the kynurenine pathway (KP) being the main route of its catabolism. Recently, KP metabolites, which are collectively called kynurenines, have become an area of intense research due to their ability to directly and indirectly affect a variety of classic neurotransmitter systems. However, the significance of KP in neuropathic pain is still poorly understood. Therefore, we designed several experiments to verify changes in the mRNA levels of KP enzymes in parallel with other factors related to this metabolic route after chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve (CCI model) in mice. The analysis revealed an increase in, Kmo, Kynu and Haoo mRNA levels in the spinal cord on the 7th day after CCI, while Kat1, Kat2, Tdo2, Ido2 and Qprt mRNA levels remain unchanged. Subsequent pharmacological studies provided evidence that modulation of KP by single intrathecal administration of 1-D-MT, UPF468 or L-kynurenine attenuates mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity and increases the effectiveness of selected opioids in mice as measured on day 7 after CCI. Moreover, our results provide the first evidence that the injection of L-kynurenine preceded by UPF468 (KMO inhibitor) is more effective at reducing hypersensitivity in animals with neuropathic pain. Importantly, L-kynurenine also exerts an analgesic effect after intravenous injections, which is enhanced by the administration of minocycline, an inhibitor of microglial activation. Additionally, L-kynurenine administered intrathecally and intravenously enhances analgesia evoked by all tested opioids (morphine, buprenorphine and oxycodone). Overall, our results indicate that the modulation of KP at different levels might be a new pharmacological tool in neuropathy management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Ciapała
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pawlik
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Ciechanowska
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Mika
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewelina Rojewska
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland.
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24
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Zhang T, Liang W, Zhang M, Cui S, Huang X, Ou W, Huang R, Gao J, Jia Z, Zhang S. Daphnetin Improves Neuropathic Pain by Inhibiting the Expression of Chemokines and Inflammatory Factors in the Spinal Cord and Interfering with Glial Cell Polarization. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:243. [PMID: 37259390 PMCID: PMC9964401 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a common pain disease that seriously affects the quality of life and physical and mental health of patients. Daphnetin is extracted from the Daphne giraldii Nitsche and has the structure of 7,8-dihydroxy coumarin. As a natural product, daphnetin displays a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as analgesia and anti-inflammatory activities, but whether it is able to improve NP through anti-inflammatory effects is unknown. Therefore, this paper intends to investigate the mechanism of daphnetin in improving NP rats affected by the intrathecal injection of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from the perspective of anti-inflammation. Our results showed that daphnetin significantly improved hyperalgesia in NP rats. Daphnetin inhibited the activation and polarization of glial cells and neurons in the spinal cord of NP rats and reduced the expression of mRNA and protein of inflammatory factors and chemokine pairs in the spinal cord. Daphnetin inhibited the polarization of human microglia cell 3 (HMC3) cells and human glioma cells (U251) cells toward M1 microglia and A1 astrocytes, respectively, and induced the conversion of M1 microglia and A1 astrocytes to M2 microglia and A2 astrocytes, respectively. In conclusion, daphnetin ameliorates NP by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors and chemokines and the polarization of glial cells in the spinal cord of NP rats. This study provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of NP with daphnetin to expand the clinical application of daphnetin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shuofeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
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25
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Sung CS, Cheng HJ, Chen NF, Tang SH, Kuo HM, Sung PJ, Chen WF, Wen ZH. Antinociceptive Effects of Aaptamine, a Sponge Component, on Peripheral Neuropathy in Rats. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020113. [PMID: 36827154 PMCID: PMC9963100 DOI: 10.3390/md21020113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aaptamine, a natural marine compound isolated from the sea sponge, has various biological activities, including delta-opioid agonist properties. However, the effects of aaptamine in neuropathic pain remain unclear. In the present study, we used a chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced peripheral neuropathic rat model to explore the analgesic effects of intrathecal aaptamine administration. We also investigated cellular angiogenesis and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) expression in the ipsilateral lumbar spinal cord after aaptamine administration in CCI rats by immunohistofluorescence. The results showed that aaptamine alleviates CCI-induced nociceptive sensitization, allodynia, and hyperalgesia. Moreover, aaptamine significantly downregulated CCI-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), and LDHA expression in the spinal cord. Double immunofluorescent staining showed that the spinal VEGF and LDHA majorly expressed on astrocytes and neurons, respectively, in CCI rats and inhibited by aaptamine. Collectively, our results indicate aaptamine's potential as an analgesic agent for neuropathic pain. Furthermore, inhibition of astrocyte-derived angiogenesis and neuronal LDHA expression might be beneficial in neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Sung Sung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Pain Management, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112201, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jung Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Fu Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 802301, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsuan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Pain Management, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112201, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Mei Kuo
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Jyun Sung
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 944401, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Fu Chen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-F.C.); (Z.-H.W.)
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-F.C.); (Z.-H.W.)
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26
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Zhang FM, Wang B, Hu H, Li QY, Chen HH, Luo LT, Jiang ZJ, Zeng MX, Liu XJ. Transcriptional Profiling of TGF-β Superfamily Members in Lumbar DRGs of Rats Following Sciatic Nerve Axotomy and Activin C Inhibits Neuropathic Pain. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:375-388. [PMID: 36201267 DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666221006114557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation and cytokines play critical roles in neuropathic pain and axon degeneration/regeneration. Cytokines of transforming growth factor-β superfamily have implications in pain and injured nerve repair processing. However, the transcriptional profiles of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily members in dorsal root ganglia under neuropathic pain and axon degeneration/regeneration conditions remain elusive. OBJECTIVE We aimed to plot the transcriptional profiles of transforming growth factor-β superfamily components in lumbar dorsal root ganglia of sciatic nerve-axotomized rats and to further verify the profiles by testing the analgesic effect of activin C, a representative cytokine, on neuropathic pain. METHODS Adult male rats were axotomized in sciatic nerves, and lumbar dorsal root ganglia were isolated for total RNA extraction or section. A custom microarray was developed and employed to plot the gene expression profiles of transforming growth factor-β superfamily components. Realtime RT-PCR was used to confirm changes in the expression of activin/inhibin family genes, and then in situ hybridization was performed to determine the cellular locations of inhibin α, activin βC, BMP-5 and GDF-9 mRNAs. The rat spared nerve injury model was performed, and a pain test was employed to determine the effect of activin C on neuropathic pain. RESULTS The expression of transforming growth factor-β superfamily cytokines and their signaling, including some receptors and signaling adaptors, were robustly upregulated. Activin βC subunit mRNAs were expressed in the small-diameter dorsal root ganglion neurons and upregulated after axotomy. Single intrathecal injection of activin C inhibited neuropathic pain in spared nerve injury model. CONCLUSION This is the first report to investigate the transcriptional profiles of members of transforming growth factor-β superfamily in axotomized dorsal root ganglia. The distinct cytokine profiles observed here might provide clues toward further study of the role of transforming growth factor-β superfamily in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain and axon degeneration/regeneration after peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Ming Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Han Hu
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Qing-Yi Li
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515041, China
| | - Hao-Hao Chen
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515041, China
| | - Li-Ting Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Zuo-Jie Jiang
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515041, China
| | - Mei-Xing Zeng
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515041, China
| | - Xing-Jun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
- Pain and Related Disease Research Lab, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, 515041, China
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de Geus TJ, Franken G, Joosten EA. Conventional, high frequency and differential targeted multiplexed spinal cord stimulation in experimental painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: Pain behavior and role of the central inflammatory balance. Mol Pain 2023; 19:17448069231193368. [PMID: 37488684 PMCID: PMC10504849 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231193368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a last resort treatment for pain relief in painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) patients. However, the effectivity of SCS in PDPN is limited. New SCS paradigms such as high frequency (HF) and differential target multiplexed (DTM) might improve responder rates and efficacy of SCS-induced analgesia in PDPN patients, and are suggested to modulate the inflammatory balance and glial response in the spinal dorsal horn. The aim of this study was to research the effects of Con-, HF- and DTM-SCS on pain behavior and the spinal inflammatory balance in an animal model of PDPN. Streptozotocin-induced PDPN animals were stimulated for 48 hours with either Con-SCS (50Hz), HF-SCS (1200Hz) or DTM-SCS (combination of Con- and HF-SCS). Mechanical hypersensitivity was assessed using Von Frey (VF) test and the motivational aspects of pain were assessed using the mechanical conflict avoidance system (MCAS). The inflammatory balance and glial response were analyzed in the dorsal spinal cord based on RNA expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (Tnf-α, Il-1ß, Il-4, Il-10), a microglia marker (Itgam), an astrocyte marker (Gfap), a T-cell marker (Cd3d), microglia proliferation markers (Irf8, Adgre1) and P2X4, p13-MAPK, BDNF signaling markers (P2x4, Mapk14, Bdnf). The results show that Con-, HF-, and DTM-SCS significantly decreased hypersensitivity after 48 hours of stimulation compared to Sham-SCS in PDPN animals, but at the same time did not affect escape latency in the MCAS. At the molecular level, Con-SCS resulted in a significant increase in spinal pro-inflammatory cytokine Tnf-α after 48 hours compared to DTM-SCS and Sham-SCS. In summary, Con-SCS showed a shift of the inflammatory balance towards a pro-inflammatory state whilst HF- and DTM-SCS shifted the balance towards an anti-inflammatory state. These findings suggest that the underlying mechanism of Con-SCS induced pain relief in PDPN differs from that induced by HF- and DTM-SCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. de Geus
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Glenn Franken
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Elbert A Joosten
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
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28
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de Geus TJ, Franken G, Joosten EAJ. Spinal Cord Stimulation Paradigms and Pain Relief: A Preclinical Systematic Review on Modulation of the Central Inflammatory Response in Neuropathic Pain. Neuromodulation 2023; 26:25-34. [PMID: 35931643 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2022.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a last-resort treatment for patients with chronic neuropathic pain. The mechanism underlying SCS and pain relief is not yet fully understood. Because the inflammatory balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules in the spinal nociceptive network is pivotal in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain, the working mechanism of SCS is suggested to be related to the modulation of this balance. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize and understand the effects of different SCS paradigms on the central inflammatory balance in the spinal cord. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed. All articles studying the effects of SCS on inflammatory or glial markers in neuropathic pain models were included. A quality assessment was performed on predetermined entities of bias. RESULTS A total of 11 articles were eligible for this systematic review. In general, induction of neuropathic pain in rats results in a proinflammatory state and at the same time an increased activity/expression of microglial and astroglial cells in the spinal cord dorsal horn. Conventional SCS seems to further enhance this proinflammatory state and increase the messenger RNA expression of microglial markers, but it also results in a decrease in microglial protein marker levels. High-frequency and especially differential targeted multiplexed SCS can not only restore the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules but also minimize the overexpression/activation of glial cells. Quality assessment and risk of bias analysis of the studies included make it clear that the results of these preclinical studies must be interpreted with caution. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the preclinical findings tend to indicate that there is a distinct SCS paradigm-related effect in the modulation of the central inflammatory balance of the spinal dorsal horn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J de Geus
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Translational Neuroscience, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Glenn Franken
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Translational Neuroscience, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Elbert A J Joosten
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Translational Neuroscience, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Huang CC, Chiu HY, Lee PH, Fang SY, Lin MW, Chen HF, Lee JS. Mitochondrial transplantation attenuates traumatic neuropathic pain, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis in rats with nerve root ligation. Mol Pain 2023; 19:17448069231210423. [PMID: 37845039 PMCID: PMC10605811 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231210423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic neuropathic pain (TNP) is caused by traumatic damage to the somatosensory system and induces the presentation of allodynia and hyperalgesia. Mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis are hallmarks in the pathogenesis of TNP. Recently, mitochondria-based therapy has emerged as a potential therapeutic intervention for diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the therapeutic effectiveness of mitochondrial transplantation (MT) on TNP has rarely been investigated. Here, we validated the efficacy of MT in treating TNP. Both in vivo and in vitro TNP models by conducting an L5 spinal nerve ligation in rats and exposing the primary dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to capsaicin, respectively, were applied in this study. The MT was operated by administrating 100 µg of soleus-derived allogeneic mitochondria into the ipsilateral L5 DRG in vivo and the culture medium in vitro. Results showed that the viable transplanted mitochondria migrated into the rats' spinal cord and sciatic nerve. MT alleviated the nerve ligation-induced mechanical and thermal pain hypersensitivity. The nerve ligation-induced glial activation and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic markers in the spinal cord were also repressed by MT. Consistently, exogenous mitochondria reversed the capsaicin-induced reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic markers in the primary DRG neurons in vitro. Our findings suggest that MT mitigates the spinal nerve ligation-induced apoptosis and neuroinflammation, potentially playing a role in providing neuroprotection against TNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chen Huang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsuan Lee
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yuan Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital and E-Da Cancer Hospital Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, I-Shou University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fang Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Shun Lee
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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30
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McDonough KE, Hammond R, Wang J, Tierney J, Hankerd K, Chung JM, La JH. Spinal GABAergic disinhibition allows microglial activation mediating the development of nociplastic pain in male mice. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 107:215-224. [PMID: 36273650 PMCID: PMC9855286 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously we developed a murine model in which postinjury stimulation of an injured area triggers a transition to a nociplastic pain state manifesting as persistent mechanical hypersensitivity outside of the previously injured area. This hypersensitivity was maintained by sex-specific mechanisms; specifically, activated spinal microglia maintained the hypersensitivity only in males. Here we investigated whether spinal microglia drive the transition from acute injury-induced pain to nociplastic pain in males, and if so, how they are activated by normally innocuous stimulation after peripheral injury. Using intraplantar capsaicin injection as an acute peripheral injury and vibration of the injured paw as postinjury stimulation, we found that inhibition of spinal microglia prevents the vibration-induced transition to a nociplastic pain state. The transition was mediated by the ATP-P2X4 pathway, but not BDNF-TrkB signaling. Intrathecally injected GABA receptor agonists after intraplantar capsaicin injection prevented the vibration-induced transition to a nociplastic pain state. Conversely, in the absence of intraplantar capsaicin injection, intrathecally injected GABA receptor antagonists allowed the vibration stimulation of a normal paw to trigger the transition to a spinal microglia-mediated nociplastic pain state only in males. At the spinal level, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, but not prostaglandins, contributed to the maintenance of the nociplastic pain state in males. These results demonstrate that in males, the transition from acute injury-induced pain to nociplastic pain is driven by spinal microglia causing neuroinflammation and that peripheral injury-induced spinal GABAergic disinhibition is pivotal for normally innocuous stimulation to activate spinal microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E McDonough
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Regan Hammond
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Jigong Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Jessica Tierney
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Kali Hankerd
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Jin Mo Chung
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Jun-Ho La
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, United States.
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31
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Lu JS, Yang L, Chen J, Xiong FF, Cai P, Wang XY, Xiong BJ, Chen ZH, Chen L, Yang J, Yu CX. Basolateral amygdala astrocytes modulate diabetic neuropathic pain and may be a potential therapeutic target for koumine. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 180:1408-1428. [PMID: 36519959 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE New remedies are required for the treatment of diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) due to insufficient efficacy of available therapies. Here, we used chemogenetic approaches combined with in vivo pharmacology to elucidate the role of basolateral amygdala (BLA) astrocytes in DNP pathogenesis and provide new insights into therapeutic strategies for DNP. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A streptozotocin-induced DNP model was established. Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) were used to regulate astrocyte activity. Mechanical hyperalgesia was assessed using the electronic von Frey test. Anxiety-like behaviours were detected using open field and elevated plus maze tests. Astrocytic activity was detected by immunofluorescence, and cytokine content was determined by ELISA. KEY RESULTS BLA astrocytes were regulated by DREADDs, and inhibition of BLA astrocytes attenuated mechanical allodynia and pain-related negative emotions in DNP rats. In contrast, temporary activation of BLA astrocytes induced allodynia without anxious behaviours in naive rats. In addition, koumine (KM) alleviated mechanical allodynia and anxiety-like behaviours in DNP rats, inhibited the activation of BLA astrocytes and suppressed the inflammatory response. Furthermore, persistent activation of BLA astrocytes through chemogenetics mimicked chronic pain, and KM alleviated the pain hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behaviours. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS DREADDs bidirectionally regulate the activity of BLA astrocytes, which proves for the first time the role of BLA astrocyte activation in the pathogenesis of DNP and represents a novel therapeutic strategy for DNP. KM ameliorates DNP, perhaps by inhibiting the activation of BLA astrocytes and reveal KM as a potential candidate for treating DNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Shan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Center for Safety Evaluation of New Drug, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fang-Fang Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ping Cai
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bo-Jun Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ze-Hong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chang-Xi Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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32
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Bogacka J, Pawlik K, Ciapała K, Ciechanowska A, Mika J. CC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CCR4) as a Possible New Target for Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415638. [PMID: 36555280 PMCID: PMC9779674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and their receptors participate in many biological processes, including the modulation of neuroimmune interactions. Approximately fifty chemokines are distinguished in humans, which are classified into four subfamilies based on the N-terminal conserved cysteine motifs: CXC, CC, C, and CX3C. Chemokines activate specific receptors localized on the surface of various immune and nervous cells. Approximately twenty chemokine receptors have been identified, and each of these receptors is a seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor. Recent studies provide new evidence that CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is important in the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis, asthma, dermatitis, and cancer. This review briefly characterizes CCR4 and its ligands (CCL17, CCL22, and CCL2), and their contributions to immunological and neoplastic diseases. The review notes a significant role of CCR4 in nociceptive transmission, especially in painful neuropathy, which accompanies many diseases. The pharmacological blockade of CCR4 seems beneficial because of its pain-relieving effects and its influence on opioid efficacy. The possibilities of using the CCL2/CCL17/CCL22/CCR4 axis as a target in new therapies for many diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joanna Mika
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +48-12-6623-298; Fax: +48-12-6374-500
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33
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Proinflammatory cytokines and their receptors as druggable targets to alleviate pathological pain. Pain 2022; 163:S79-S98. [DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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34
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Stephens M. The emerging potential of Aptamers as therapeutic agents in infection and inflammation. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 238:108173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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35
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Gao C, Zhu Q, Gao Z, Zhao J, Jia M, Li T. Can noninvasive Brain Stimulation Improve Pain and Depressive Symptoms in Patients With Neuropathic Pain? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pain Symptom Manage 2022; 64:e203-e215. [PMID: 35550165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Noninvasive brain stimulations (NIBS) have been increasingly applied to the patients with neuropathic pain (NP), while the effectiveness of NIBS in the management of NP is still conflicting. OBJECTIVES To examine the effectiveness of NIBS on pain and depression symptoms of patients with NP. METHODS A comprehensive literature retrieval was performed on MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, PEDro, and CENTRAL from the establishment of the databases to June 2021. Randomized controlled trials comparing NIBS with sham stimulation were included. RESULTS A total of thirteen trials comprising 498 participants met the inclusion criteria. The pooled analysis found a significant effect on the improvement of pain scores at post-treatment, favoring NIBS over sham stimulation (SMD = -0.60; 95% CI: -1.00 to -0.20; P = 0.004). Subgroup analysis showed that only transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) (SMD = -0.38; 95% CI: -0.71 to -0.04; P = 0.030) and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (H-rTMS) (SMD = -0.95; 95% CI: -1.85 to -0.04; P = 0.040) had positive effects on pain reduction among all types of NIBS. The favorable effects of NIBS remained significant at follow-up visit (SMD = -0.51; 95% CI: -0.79 to -0.23; P = 0.000), while only H-rTMS was found in subgroup analyses to significantly improve pain scales of the patients (SMD = -0.54; 95% CI: -0.85 to -0.24; P = 0.000). Additionally, overall NIBS showed no beneficial effect over sham stimulation in reducing depression symptoms of NP patients either at post-treatment (SMD = -0.19; 95% CI: -0.39 to 0.01; P = 0.061) or at follow-up visit (SMD = -0.18; 95% CI: -0.45 to 0.10; P = 0.202). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis revealed the analgesic effect of NIBS on patients with NP, while no beneficial effect was observed on reducing concomitant depression symptoms. The findings recommended the clinical application of NIBS in patients with NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfei Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine (C.G., Q.Z., Z.G., T.L.), The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Provience, China
| | - Qixiu Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine (C.G., Q.Z., Z.G., T.L.), The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Provience, China
| | - Zhengyu Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine (C.G., Q.Z., Z.G., T.L.), The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Provience, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (J.Z.), Yantai Municipal Laiyang Central Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Provience, China
| | - Min Jia
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine (M.J.), Jinan Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Provience, China
| | - Tieshan Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine (C.G., Q.Z., Z.G., T.L.), The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Provience, China.
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36
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Sorge RE, Si Y, Norian LA, Guha A, Moore GE, Nabors LB, Filippova N, Yang X, Smith R, Chellappan R, King PH. Inhibition of the RNA Regulator HuR by SRI-42127 Attenuates Neuropathic Pain After Nerve Injury Through Suppression of Neuroinflammatory Responses. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:1649-1661. [PMID: 35864415 PMCID: PMC9606176 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01278-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglial activation with the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β, is a major driver of neuropathic pain (NP) following peripheral nerve injury. We have previously shown that the RNA binding protein, HuR, is a positive node of regulation for many of these inflammatory mediators in glia and that its chemical inhibition or genetic deletion attenuates their production. In this report, we show that systemic administration of SRI-42127, a novel small molecule HuR inhibitor, attenuates mechanical allodynia, a hallmark of NP, in the early and chronic phases after spared nerve injury in male and female mice. Flow cytometry of lumbar spinal cords in SRI-42127-treated mice shows a reduction in infiltrating macrophages and a concomitant decrease in microglial populations expressing IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and CCL2. Immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and qPCR of lumbar spinal cord tissue indicate suppression of these cytokines and other inflammatory mediators. ELISA of plasma samples in the acute phase also shows attenuation of inflammatory responses. In summary, inhibition of HuR by SRI-42127 leads to the suppression of neuroinflammatory responses and allodynia after nerve injury and represents a promising new direction in the treatment of NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Sorge
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Ying Si
- Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Civitan 545C, 1719 6th Ave. South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Lyse A Norian
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Abhishek Guha
- Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Civitan 545C, 1719 6th Ave. South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Grace E Moore
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - L Burt Nabors
- Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Civitan 545C, 1719 6th Ave. South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Natalia Filippova
- Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Civitan 545C, 1719 6th Ave. South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Xiuhua Yang
- Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Civitan 545C, 1719 6th Ave. South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Reed Smith
- Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Civitan 545C, 1719 6th Ave. South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Rajeshwari Chellappan
- Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Civitan 545C, 1719 6th Ave. South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Peter H King
- Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Civitan 545C, 1719 6th Ave. South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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37
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Hu Y, Zhu Y, Wen X, Zeng F, Feng Y, Xu Z, Xu F, Wang J. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation regulates neuroinflammation, relieves hyperalgesia and reverses despair-like behaviour in chronic constriction injury rats. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:4930-4947. [PMID: 35895439 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) could effectively relieve the pain and depression in neuropathic pain (NP) patients. However, the specific treatment parameters and exact mechanism are still unclear. Our purpose is to observe the effects of rTMS on pain and despair-like behaviour in chronic constriction injury (CCI) rats and explore its possible mechanism. Thirty-two 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group (S, n = 8), CCI group (n = 8), 1 Hz-rTMS group (n = 8) and 10 Hz-rTMS group (n = 8). The rTMS was applied to the left dorsal anterior agranular insular (AId) 1 week after the operation, once a day, 5 days/week for 4 consecutive weeks. Mechanical hyperalgesia, despair-like behaviours and sciatic nerve function were used to evaluate the effects of rTMS. Besides, glucose metabolism, the metabotropic glutamate receptors 5 (mGluR5), N-Methyl-D-Aspartic acid receptor type 2B (NMDAR2B), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (Ll-6) and interleukin-1β (Ll-1β) in AId were tested to explore the possible mechanism. Compared with 1 Hz-rTMS, the rats of 10 Hz-rTMS had higher the mechanical hyperalgesia, higher sugar preference and shorter swimming immobility time. Besides, the expressions of mGluR5, NMDAR2B, TNF-α, Ll-1β and Ll-6 both in 1 Hz-rTMS and 10 Hz-rTMS groups were reduced compared with the CCI group; the 10 Hz-rTMS group had a more decrease than that of 1 Hz-rTMS. Furthermore, the [18]F-FDG uptake was lower than that in the 1 Hz-rTMS group. Compared with 1 Hz-rTMS, 10 Hz-rTMS could more effectively relieve mechanical hyperalgesia and reverse despair-like behaviour in rats. The mechanism could be related to regulating mGluR5/NMDAR2B-related inflammatory signalling pathways in the AId.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuanliang Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fanshuo Zeng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhangyu Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fangyuan Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianxiong Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Luzhou, China
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38
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Fu YY, Cen JK, Song HL, Song SY, Zhang ZJ, Lu HJ. Ginsenoside Rh2 Ameliorates Neuropathic Pain by inhibition of the miRNA21-TLR8-MAPK axis. Mol Pain 2022; 18:17448069221126078. [PMID: 36039405 PMCID: PMC9478689 DOI: 10.1177/17448069221126078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rh2 is one of the major bioactive ginsenosides in Panax
ginseng. Although Rh2 is known to enhance immune cells activity for
treatment of cancer, its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects have yet
to be determined. In this study, we investigated the effects of Rh2 on spared
nerve injury (SNI)-induced neuropathic pain and elucidated the potential
mechanisms. We found that various doses of Rh2 intrathecal injection
dose-dependently attenuated SNI-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal
hyperalgesia. Rh2 also inhibited microglia and astrocyte activation in the
spinal cord of a murine SNI model. Rh2 treatment inhibited SNI-induced increase
of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin
(IL)-1 and IL-6. Expression of miRNA-21, an endogenous ligand of Toll like
receptor (TLR)8 was also decreased. Rh2 treatment blocked the mitogen-activated
protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway by inhibiting of phosphorylated
extracellular signal-regulated kinase expression. Finally, intrathecal injection
of TLR8 agonist VTX-2337 reversed the analgesic effect of Rh2. These results
indicated that Rh2 relieved SNI-induced neuropathic pain via inhibiting the
miRNA-21-TLR8-MAPK signaling pathway, thus providing a potential application of
Rh2 in pain therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Fu
- Institute of Pain Medicine and
Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, School
of Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Ke Cen
- Institute of Pain Medicine and
Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao-Lin Song
- Department of Human Anatomy, School
of Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Si-Yuan Song
- Institute of Pain Medicine and
Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School
of Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
- Zhi-jun Zhang, Department of Human Anatomy,
School of Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu 226019, China,
| | - Huan-Jun Lu
- Institute of Pain Medicine and
Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
- Huan-Jun Lu, Institute of Pain Medicine and
Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu 226019, China,
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39
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Lee N, Park GT, Lim JK, Choi EB, Moon HJ, Kim DK, Choi SM, Song YC, Kim TK, Kim JH. Mesenchymal stem cell spheroids alleviate neuropathic pain by modulating chronic inflammatory response genes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:940258. [PMID: 36003384 PMCID: PMC9393760 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.940258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuropathic pain is caused by dysfunction of the peripheral nerves associated with the somatosensory system. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted attention as promising cell therapeutics for chronic pain; however, their clinical application has been hampered by the poor in vivo survival and low therapeutic efficacy of transplanted cells. Increasing evidence suggests enhanced therapeutic efficacy of spheroids formed by three-dimensional culture of MSCs. In the present study, we established a neuropathic pain murine model by inducing a chronic constriction injury through ligation of the right sciatic nerve and measured the therapeutic effects and survival efficacy of spheroids. Monolayer-cultured and spheroids were transplanted into the gastrocnemius muscle close to the damaged sciatic nerve. Transplantation of spheroids alleviated chronic pain more potently and exhibited prolonged in vivo survival compared to monolayer-cultured cells. Moreover, spheroids significantly reduced macrophage infiltration into the injured tissues. Interestingly, the expression of mouse-origin genes associated with inflammatory responses, Ccl11/Eotaxin, interleukin 1A, tumor necrosis factor B, and tumor necrosis factor, was significantly attenuated by the administration of spheroids compared to that of monolayer. These results suggest that MSC spheroids exhibit enhanced in vivo survival after cell transplantation and reduced the host inflammatory response through the regulation of main chronic inflammatory response-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayeon Lee
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Gyu Tae Park
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Lim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Eun Bae Choi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hye Ji Moon
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Dae Kyoung Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Seong Min Choi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Young Cheol Song
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Tae Kyun Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jae Ho Kim,
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Ameenudeen S, Kashif M, Banerjee S, Srinivasan H, Pandurangan AK, Waseem M. Cellular and Molecular Machinery of Neuropathic Pain: an Emerging Insight. CURRENT PHARMACOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 8:227-235. [PMID: 35646513 PMCID: PMC9125010 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-022-00294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Neuropathic pain (NP) has been ubiquitously characterized by lesion and its linked somatosensory system either the central nervous system (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS) This PNS episode is the most prevalent site of NP origin and is found to be associated with afferent nerve fibers carrying pain signals from injured/trauma site to the CNS including the brain. Several kinds of pharmacotherapeutic drugs shuch as analgesics, anti-convulsants, and anti-depressants are being employed for the its possible interventions. The NP has been a great interest to follow different pathophysiological mechanisms which are often considered to correlate with the metabolic pathways and its mediated disease. There is paucity of knowledge to make such mechanism via NP. Recent Finding Most notably, recent pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 has also been reported in chronic pain mediated diabetes, inflammatory disorders, and cancers. There is an increasing incidence of NP and its complex mechanism has now led to identify the possible investigations of responsible genes and proteins via bioinformatics tools. The analysis might be more instrumental as collecting the genes from pain genetic database, analyzing the variants through differential gene expression (DEG) and constructing the protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks and thereby determining their upregulating and downregulating pathways. Summary This review sheds a bright light towards several mechanisms at both cellular and molecular level, correlation of NP-mediated disease mechanism and possible cell surface biomarkers (receptors), and identified genes could be more promising for their pharmacological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Ameenudeen
- School of Life Sciences, BS Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, GST Road, Vandalur, Chennai, 600048 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Mohd. Kashif
- School of Life Sciences, BS Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, GST Road, Vandalur, Chennai, 600048 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Subhamoy Banerjee
- Department of Basic Science and Humanities, Institute of Engineering and Management, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091 India
| | - Hemalatha Srinivasan
- School of Life Sciences, BS Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, GST Road, Vandalur, Chennai, 600048 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Ashok Kumar Pandurangan
- School of Life Sciences, BS Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, GST Road, Vandalur, Chennai, 600048 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Mohammad Waseem
- School of Life Sciences, BS Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, GST Road, Vandalur, Chennai, 600048 Tamil Nadu India
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Park D, Chang MC. The mechanism of action of pulsed radiofrequency in reducing pain: a narrative review. JOURNAL OF YEUNGNAM MEDICAL SCIENCE 2022; 39:200-205. [PMID: 35385898 PMCID: PMC9273139 DOI: 10.12701/jyms.2022.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pain from nervous or musculoskeletal disorders is one of the most common complaints in clinical practice. Corticosteroids have a high pain-reducing effect, and their injection is generally used to control various types of pain. However, they have various adverse effects including flushing, hyperglycemia, allergic reactions, menstrual changes, immunosuppression, and adrenal suppression. Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) is known to have a pain-reducing effect similar to that of corticosteroid injection, with nearly no major side effects. Therefore, it has been widely used to treat various types of pain, such as neuropathic, joint, discogenic, and muscle pain. In the current review, we outlined the pain-reducing mechanisms of PRF by reviewing previous studies. When PRF was first introduced, it was supposed to reduce pain by long-term depression of pain signaling from the peripheral nerve to the central nervous system. In addition, deactivation of microglia at the level of the spinal dorsal horn, reduction of proinflammatory cytokines, increased endogenous opioid precursor messenger ribonucleic acid, enhancement of noradrenergic and serotonergic descending pain inhibitory pathways, suppression of excitation of C-afferent fibers, and microscopic damage of nociceptive C- and A-delta fibers have been found to contribute to pain reduction after PRF application. However, the pain-reducing mechanism of PRF has not been clearly and definitely elucidated. Further studies are warranted to clarify the pain-reducing mechanism of PRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghwi Park
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Min Cheol Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Corresponding Author: Min Cheol Chang, MD Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, 170 Hyeonchung-ro, Nam-gu, Daegu 42415, Korea Tel: +82-53-620-4682 • Fax: +0504-231-8694 • E-mail:
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Ruff MR, Inan S, Shi XQ, Meissler JJ, Adler MW, Eisenstein TK, Zhang J. Potentiation of morphine antinociception and inhibition of diabetic neuropathic pain by the multi-chemokine receptor antagonist peptide RAP-103. Life Sci 2022; 306:120788. [PMID: 35817166 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We determined the ability of the multi-chemokine receptor (CCR2/CCR5/CCR8) antagonist RAP-103 to modulate pain behaviors in an acute model of surgical pain, with and without an added opioid (morphine), and by itself in a chronic model of Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). MATERIALS AND METHODS Pain behaviors were assessed by mechanical and thermal tests in rats. Cytokine and chemokine biomarkers in sciatic nerve and spinal cord were assessed by in situ qPCR. KEY FINDINGS In the incisional pain assay, RAP-103 (0.01-1 mg/kg, i.p.) alone had no antiallodynic effect post-surgery. RAP-103 (0.5 mg/kg) when co-administered with morphine (0.5-5 mg/kg), reduced the ED50 of morphine from 3.19 mg/kg to 1.42 mg/kg. In a DPN model, rats exhibited persistent mechanical and cold allodynia. Oral administration of RAP-103 (0.5-0.02 mg/kg/day) resulted in a complete reversal of established hypersensitivity in DPN rats (P < .001), which gradually returned to pain hypersensitivity after the cessation of the treatment. The mRNA expression of cytokines, IL-1β, TNFα; chemokines CCL2, CCL3; and chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5 in DPN rat sciatic nerve, but not spinal cord, were significantly increased. RAP-103 resulted in significant reductions in sciatic nerve expression of IL-1β, TNFα and CCL3 in STZ-induced diabetic rats with trends toward lower levels for CCL2 and CCR5, while CCR2 was unchanged. SIGNIFICANCE In acute pain, co-administration of RAP-103 with morphine provided the same antinociceptive effect with a reduced dose of morphine, reducing opioid side-effects and risks. RAP-103 by itself is an effective non-opioid antinociceptive treatment for diabetic neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saadet Inan
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Xiang Qun Shi
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, 740 Doctor Penfield Ave, Suite 3200C, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Joseph J Meissler
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Martin W Adler
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Toby K Eisenstein
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ji Zhang
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, 740 Doctor Penfield Ave, Suite 3200C, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Abstract
Currently, all available therapies for the control and management of fibromyalgia (FM) are mostly focused on relieving patients’ symptoms and improving their quality of life. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of the evidence supporting the beneficial effects of whole-body cryostimulation (WBC) in patients with FM and evidence-based guidance on the possible adjuvant use of WBC in the treatment of FM. We searched the most recent literature by retrieving 10 eligible studies, 4 of which were abstracts only, from a total of 263 records. Thermal stress caused by cryostimulation induces an analgesic effect, improving pain, redox balance, and inflammatory symptoms in an exercise-mimicking fashion. In addition, it reduces the feeling of fatigue, improves mood, and reduces mental health deterioration with positive consequences on depressive states and improved sleep quality. Although the studies included in this review are not of sufficient quality and quantity to draw definitive conclusions about the effectiveness of WBC in FM, initial evidence indicates WBC as a promising add-on option in the multidisciplinary treatment of FM, due to its rapid action and high patients’ compliance. The application of WBC protocols has the potential to expand therapeutic options for the treatment of FM and related disorders; however, larger, high-quality primary studies are still needed.
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Dang SJ, Wei WB, Li RL, Song CX, Xu J. Z-Guggulsterone Relieves Neuropathic Pain by Inhibiting the Expression of Astrocytes and Proinflammatory Cytokines in the Spinal Dorsal Horn. J Pain Res 2022; 15:1315-1324. [PMID: 35546904 PMCID: PMC9084390 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s360126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The study objective was to investigate whether Z-guggulsterone can relieve neuropathic pain in sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI) mice by inhibiting the expression of astrocytes and proinflammatory cytokines in the spinal dorsal horn. Methods Neuropathic pain was induced and assessed in CCI mice. Z-guggulsterone was administered multiple times via intraperitoneal injection. Pain behaviour assessments were made by conducting paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) tests. The expression level of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the spinal dorsal horn was observed by immunofluorescence. The levels of the proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the spinal cord were measured by ELISA. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA or two-way ANOVA. Results The PWMT and TWL were higher on the 5th, 7th, 10th and 14th days after CCI, the expression level of GFAP in the spinal dorsal horn was lower, and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the spinal cord were lower in the CCI+Z-GS-L, CCI+Z-GS-M and CCI+Z-GS-H groups than in the CCI+Veh group in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Conclusion Z-guggulsterone can relieve neurological pain in CCI mice, which may be related to the inhibition of astrocytes and proinflammatory cytokines in the spinal dorsal horn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha-Jie Dang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bo Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, 710068, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui-Li Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Can-Xu Song
- Department of Ultrasound, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jin Xu, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Lin X, Xu Z, Carey L, Romero J, Makriyannis A, Hillard CJ, Ruggiero E, Dockum M, Houk G, Mackie K, Albrecht PJ, Rice FL, Hohmann AG. A peripheral CB2 cannabinoid receptor mechanism suppresses chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: evidence from a CB2 reporter mouse. Pain 2022; 163:834-851. [PMID: 35001054 PMCID: PMC8942871 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT CB2 cannabinoid receptors (CB2) are a promising therapeutic target that lacks unwanted side effects of CB1 activation. However, the cell types expressing CB2 that mediate these effects remain poorly understood. We used transgenic mice with CB2 promoter-driven expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) to study cell types that express CB2 and suppress neuropathic nociception in a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Structurally distinct CB2 agonists (AM1710 and LY2828360) suppressed paclitaxel-induced mechanical and cold allodynia in CB2EGFP reporter mice with established neuropathy. Antiallodynic effects of AM1710 were blocked by SR144528, a CB2 antagonist with limited CNS penetration. Intraplantar AM1710 administration suppressed paclitaxel-induced neuropathic nociception in CB2EGFP but not CB2 knockout mice, consistent with a local site of antiallodynic action. mRNA expression levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 were elevated in the lumbar spinal cord after intraplantar AM1710 injection along with the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha and chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. CB2EGFP, but not wildtype mice, exhibited anti-GFP immunoreactivity in the spleen. However, the anti-GFP signal was below the threshold for detection in the spinal cord and brain of either vehicle-treated or paclitaxel-treated CB2EGFP mice. EGFP fluorescence was coexpressed with CB2 immunolabeling in stratified patterns among epidermal keratinocytes. EGFP fluorescence was also expressed in dendritic cells in the dermis, Langerhans cells in the epidermis, and Merkel cells. Quantification of the EGFP signal revealed that Langerhans cells were dynamically increased in the epidermis after paclitaxel treatment. Our studies implicate CB2 expressed in previously unrecognized populations of skin cells as a potential target for suppressing chemotherapy-induced neuropathic nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Lin
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Zhili Xu
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Lawrence Carey
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Julian Romero
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandros Makriyannis
- School of Pharmacy, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Center for Drug Discovery, College of Science, Health Sciences Entrepreneurs, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cecilia J. Hillard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | | | - Marilyn Dockum
- Integrated Tissue Dynamics LLC, Rensselaer, NY, United States
| | - George Houk
- Integrated Tissue Dynamics LLC, Rensselaer, NY, United States
| | - Ken Mackie
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- Gill Center for Biomolecular Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | | | - Frank L. Rice
- Integrated Tissue Dynamics LLC, Rensselaer, NY, United States
| | - Andrea G. Hohmann
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
- Gill Center for Biomolecular Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
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Baseline Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Levels Moderate Psychological Inflexibility in Behavioral Treatment for Chronic Pain. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092285. [PMID: 35566411 PMCID: PMC9102370 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The medical and scientific communities struggle to understand chronic pain and find effective treatments. Multimodal approaches are encouraging but show significant individual differences. Methods: Seventy-eight persons (56 women) with chronic pain received Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and provided blood samples before and after treatment. The participants completed surveys with the blood sampling. Blood plasma was analyzed for IL-6 and TNF-α levels with the Olink Inflammation Panel (Olink Bioscience Uppsala, Sweden). The treatment effects and moderating effects of low-grade inflammation on changes in outcomes were analyzed using linear mixed models. Results: Pain interference (p < 0.001) and psychological inflexibility (p < 0.001) improved significantly during treatment, but pain intensity did not (p = 0.078). Cytokine levels did not change over the course of the treatment (IL-6/TNF-α p = 0.086/0.672). Mean baseline levels of IL-6 and TNF-α moderated improvement in psychological inflexibility during the course of treatment (p = 0.044), but cytokine levels did not moderate changes in pain interference (p = 0.205) or pain intensity (p = 0.536). Conclusions: Higher baseline inflammation levels were related to less improvement in psychological inflexibility. Low-grade inflammation may be one factor underlying the variability in behavioral treatment in chronic pain.
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Andrade del Olmo J, Pérez-Álvarez L, Sáez-Martínez V, Benito-Cid S, Ruiz-Rubio L, Pérez-González R, Vilas-Vilela JL, Alonso JM. Wound healing and antibacterial chitosan-genipin hydrogels with controlled drug delivery for synergistic anti-inflammatory activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 203:679-694. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Inflammation-related molecules in tears of patients with chronic ocular pain and dry eye disease. Exp Eye Res 2022; 219:109057. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Kalpachidou T, Malsch P, Qi Y, Mair N, Geley S, Quarta S, Kummer KK, Kress M. Genetic and functional evidence for gp130/IL6ST-induced transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 upregulation in uninjured but not injured neurons in a mouse model of neuropathic pain. Pain 2022; 163:579-589. [PMID: 34252913 PMCID: PMC8832546 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Peripheral nerve injuries result in pronounced alterations in dorsal root ganglia, which can lead to the development of neuropathic pain. Although the polymodal mechanosensitive transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) ion channel is emerging as a relevant target for potential analgesic therapies, preclinical studies do not provide unequivocal mechanistic insight into its relevance for neuropathic pain pathogenesis. By using a transgenic mouse model with a conditional depletion of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) signal transducer gp130 in Nav1.8 expressing neurons (SNS-gp130-/-), we provide a mechanistic regulatory link between IL-6/gp130 and TRPA1 in the spared nerve injury (SNI) model. Spared nerve injury mice developed profound mechanical hypersensitivity as indicated by decreased withdrawal thresholds in the von Frey behavioral test in vivo, as well as a significant increase in mechanosensitivity of unmyelinated nociceptive primary afferents in ex vivo skin-nerve recordings. In contrast to wild type and control gp130fl/fl animals, SNS-gp130-/- mice did not develop mechanical hypersensitivity after SNI and exhibited low levels of Trpa1 mRNA in sensory neurons, which were partially restored by adenoviral gp130 re-expression in vitro. Importantly, uninjured but not injured neurons developed increased responsiveness to the TRPA1 agonist cinnamaldehyde, and neurons derived from SNS-gp130-/- mice after SNI were significantly less responsive to cinnamaldehyde. Our study shows for the first time that TRPA1 upregulation is attributed specifically to uninjured neurons in the SNI model, and this depended on the IL-6 signal transducer gp130. We provide a solution to the enigma of TRPA1 regulation after nerve injury and stress its significance as an important target for neuropathic pain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Kalpachidou
- Institute of Physiology, DPMP, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Malsch
- Institute of Physiology, DPMP, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yanmei Qi
- Institute of Physiology, DPMP, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Norbert Mair
- Institute of Physiology, DPMP, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stephan Geley
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Serena Quarta
- Institute of Physiology, DPMP, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kai K. Kummer
- Institute of Physiology, DPMP, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michaela Kress
- Institute of Physiology, DPMP, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Passos FRS, Araújo-Filho HG, Monteiro BS, Shanmugam S, Araújo AADS, Almeida JRGDS, Thangaraj P, Júnior LJQ, Quintans JDSS. Anti-inflammatory and modulatory effects of steroidal saponins and sapogenins on cytokines: A review of pre-clinical research. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153842. [PMID: 34952766 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saponins are glycosides which, after acid hydrolysis, liberate sugar(s) and an aglycone (sapogenin) which can be triterpenoid or steroidal in nature. Steroidal saponins and sapogenins have attracted significant attention as important natural anti-inflammatory compounds capable of acting on the activity of several inflammatory cytokines in various inflammatory models. PURPOSE The aim of this review is to collect preclinical in vivo studies on the anti-inflammatory activity of steroidal saponins through the modulation of inflammatory cytokines. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This review was carried out through a specialized search in three databases, that were accessed between September and October, 2021, and the publication period of the articles was not limited. Information about the name of the steroidal saponins, the animals used, the dose and route of administration, the model of pain or inflammation used, the tissue and experimental method used in the measurement of the cytokines, and the results observed on the levels of cytokines was retrieved. RESULTS Forty-five (45) articles met the inclusion criteria, involving the saponins cantalasaponin-1, α-chaconine, dioscin, DT-13, lycoperoside H, protodioscin, α-solanine, timosaponin AIII and BII, trillin, and the sapogenins diosgenin, hecogenin, and ruscogenin. The surveys were carried out in seven different countries and only articles between 2007 and 2021 were found. The studies included in the review showed that the saponins and sapogenins were anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antioxidant and they modulate inflammatory cytokines mainly through the Nf-κB, TLR4 and MAPKs pathways. CONCLUSION Steroidal saponins and sapogenins are promising compounds in handling of pain and inflammation for the development of natural product-derived drugs. However, it is necessary to increase the methodological quality of preclinical studies, mainly blinding and sample size calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiolla Rocha Santos Passos
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Heitor Gomes Araújo-Filho
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Brenda Souza Monteiro
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Saravanan Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lucindo José Quintans Júnior
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Jullyana de Souza Siqueira Quintans
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil.
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