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Park Y, Guan X, Han SJ. N-Myc and STAT Interactor is an Endometriosis Suppressor. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8145. [PMID: 39125716 PMCID: PMC11312104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In patients with endometriosis, refluxed endometrial fragments evade host immunosurveillance, developing into endometriotic lesions. However, the mechanisms underlying this evasion have not been fully elucidated. N-Myc and STAT Interactor (NMI) have been identified as key players in host immunosurveillance, including interferon (IFN)-induced cell death signaling pathways. NMI levels are markedly reduced in the stromal cells of human endometriotic lesions due to modulation by the Estrogen Receptor beta/Histone Deacetylase 8 axis. Knocking down NMI in immortalized human endometrial stromal cells (IHESCs) led to elevated RNA levels of genes involved in cell-to-cell adhesion and extracellular matrix signaling following IFNA treatment. Furthermore, NMI knockdown inhibited IFN-regulated canonical signaling pathways, such as apoptosis mediated by Interferon Stimulated Gene Factor 3 and necroptosis upon IFNA treatment. In contrast, NMI knockdown with IFNA treatment activated non-canonical IFN-regulated signaling pathways that promote proliferation, including β-Catenin and AKT signaling. Moreover, NMI knockdown in IHESCs stimulated ectopic lesions' growth in mouse endometriosis models. Therefore, NMI is a novel endometriosis suppressor, enhancing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation and cell adhesion of endometrial cells upon IFN exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Park
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Xiaoming Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Sang Jun Han
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Nuclear Receptor, Transcription and Chromatin Biology Program, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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2
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Dai YD, Du W, Wang Y, Hu WY. A Targeted Deep Sequencing Method to Quantify Endogenous Retrovirus Gag Sequence Variants and Open Reading Frames Expressed in Nonobese Diabetic Mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 213:15-22. [PMID: 38738929 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are involved in autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes (T1D). ERV gene products homologous to murine leukemia retroviruses are expressed in the pancreatic islets of NOD mice, a model of T1D. One ERV gene, Gag, with partial or complete open reading frames (ORFs), is detected in the islets, and it contains many sequence variants. An amplicon deep sequencing analysis was established by targeting a conserved region within the Gag gene to compare NOD with T1D-resistant mice or different ages of prediabetic NOD mice. We observed that the numbers of different Gag variants and ORFs are linked to T1D susceptibility. More importantly, these numbers change during the course of diabetes development and can be quantified to calculate the levels of disease progression. Sequence alignment analysis led to identification of additional markers, including nucleotide mismatching and amino acid consensus at specific positions that can distinguish the early and late stages, before diabetes onset. Therefore, the expression of sequence variants and ORFs of ERV genes, particularly Gag, can be quantified as biomarkers to estimate T1D susceptibility and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang D Dai
- Biomedical Research Institute of Southern California, Oceanside, CA
- HERV Laboratory, San Diego, CA
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3
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Herold KC, Delong T, Perdigoto AL, Biru N, Brusko TM, Walker LSK. The immunology of type 1 diabetes. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:435-451. [PMID: 38308004 PMCID: PMC7616056 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00985-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Following the seminal discovery of insulin a century ago, treatment of individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been largely restricted to efforts to monitor and treat metabolic glucose dysregulation. The recent regulatory approval of the first immunotherapy that targets T cells as a means to delay the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells highlights the critical role of the immune system in disease pathogenesis and tends to pave the way for other immune-targeted interventions for T1D. Improving the efficacy of such interventions across the natural history of the disease will probably require a more detailed understanding of the immunobiology of T1D, as well as technologies to monitor residual β-cell mass and function. Here we provide an overview of the immune mechanisms that underpin the pathogenesis of T1D, with a particular emphasis on T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevan C Herold
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Thomas Delong
- Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Ana Luisa Perdigoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Internal Medicine, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Noah Biru
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Todd M Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lucy S K Walker
- Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, University College London, London, UK.
- Division of Infection & Immunity, University College London, London, UK.
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4
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Syed F, Ballew O, Lee CC, Rana J, Krishnan P, Castela A, Weaver SA, Chalasani NS, Thomaidou SF, Demine S, Chang G, Coomans de Brachène A, Alvelos MI, Marselli L, Orr K, Felton JL, Liu J, Marchetti P, Zaldumbide A, Scheuner D, Eizirik DL, Evans-Molina C. Pharmacological inhibition of tyrosine protein-kinase 2 reduces islet inflammation and delays type 1 diabetes onset in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.20.585925. [PMID: 38766166 PMCID: PMC11100605 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.20.585925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Tyrosine protein-kinase 2 (TYK2), a member of the Janus kinase family, mediates inflammatory signaling through multiple cytokines, including interferon-α (IFNα), interleukin (IL)-12, and IL-23. Missense mutations in TYK2 are associated with protection against type 1 diabetes (T1D), and inhibition of TYK2 shows promise in the management of other autoimmune conditions. Here, we evaluated the effects of specific TYK2 inhibitors (TYK2is) in pre-clinical models of T1D. First, human β cells, cadaveric donor islets, and iPSC-derived islets were treated in vitro with IFNα in combination with a small molecule TYK2i (BMS-986165 or a related molecule BMS-986202). TYK2 inhibition prevented IFNα-induced β cell HLA class I up-regulation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and chemokine production. In co-culture studies, pre-treatment of β cells with a TYK2i prevented IFNα-induced activation of T cells targeting an epitope of insulin. In vivo administration of BMS-986202 in two mouse models of T1D (RIP-LCMV-GP mice and NOD mice) reduced systemic and tissue-localized inflammation, prevented β cell death, and delayed T1D onset. Transcriptional phenotyping of pancreatic islets, pancreatic lymph nodes (PLN), and spleen during early disease pathogenesis highlighted a role for TYK2 inhibition in modulating signaling pathways associated with inflammation, translational control, stress signaling, secretory function, immunity, and diabetes. Additionally, TYK2i treatment changed the composition of innate and adaptive immune cell populations in the blood and disease target tissues, resulting in an immune phenotype with a diminished capacity for β cell destruction. Overall, these findings indicate that TYK2i has beneficial effects in both the immune and endocrine compartments in models of T1D, thus supporting a path forward for testing TYK2 inhibitors in human T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Syed
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Olivia Ballew
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chih-Chun Lee
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jyoti Rana
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Preethi Krishnan
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Angela Castela
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Staci A. Weaver
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Sofia F. Thomaidou
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Stephane Demine
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Garrick Chang
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Maria Ines Alvelos
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Kara Orr
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jamie L. Felton
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Arnaud Zaldumbide
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | | | - Decio L. Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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5
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Muñoz García A, Juksar J, Groen N, Zaldumbide A, de Koning E, Carlotti F. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals a role for pancreatic duct cells as potential mediators of inflammation in diabetes mellitus. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1381319. [PMID: 38742118 PMCID: PMC11089191 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1381319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammation of the pancreas contributes to the development of diabetes mellitus. Although it is well-accepted that local inflammation leads to a progressive loss of functional beta cell mass that eventually causes the onset of the disease, the development of islet inflammation remains unclear. Methods Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to explore the cell type-specific molecular response of primary human pancreatic cells exposed to an inflammatory environment. Results We identified a duct subpopulation presenting a unique proinflammatory signature among all pancreatic cell types. Discussion Overall, the findings of this study point towards a role for duct cells in the propagation of islet inflammation, and in immune cell recruitment and activation, which are key steps in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadeo Muñoz García
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Juri Juksar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Groen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Arnaud Zaldumbide
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Eelco de Koning
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Françoise Carlotti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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6
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Guo M, Guo H, Zhu J, Wang F, Chen J, Wan C, Deng Y, Wang F, Xu L, Chen Y, Li R, Liu S, Zhang L, Wang Y, Zhou J, Li S. A novel subpopulation of monocytes with a strong interferon signature indicated by SIGLEC-1 is present in patients with in recent-onset type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2024; 67:623-640. [PMID: 38349399 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06098-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Type 1 diabetes is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease characterised by pancreatic beta cell destruction. In this study, we explored the pathogenic immune responses in initiation of type 1 diabetes and new immunological targets for type 1 diabetes prevention and treatment. METHODS We obtained peripheral blood samples from four individuals with newly diagnosed latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and from four healthy control participants. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells to uncover transcriptomic profiles of early LADA. Validation was performed through flow cytometry in a cohort comprising 54 LADA, 17 adult-onset type 2 diabetes, and 26 healthy adults, matched using propensity score matching (PSM) based on age and sex. A similar PSM method matched 15 paediatric type 1 diabetes patients with 15 healthy children. Further flow cytometry analysis was performed in both peripheral blood and pancreatic tissues of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Additionally, cell adoptive transfer and clearance assays were performed in NOD mice to explore the role of this monocyte subset in islet inflammation and onset of type 1 diabetes. RESULTS The scRNA-seq data showed that upregulated genes in peripheral T cells and monocytes from early-onset LADA patients were primarily enriched in the IFN signalling pathway. A new cluster of classical monocytes (cluster 4) was identified, and the proportion of this cluster was significantly increased in individuals with LADA compared with healthy control individuals (11.93% vs 5.93%, p=0.017) and that exhibited a strong IFN signature marked by SIGLEC-1 (encoding sialoadhesin). These SIGLEC-1+ monocytes expressed high levels of genes encoding C-C chemokine receptors 1 or 2, as well as genes for chemoattractants for T cells and natural killer cells. They also showed relatively low levels of genes for co-stimulatory and HLA molecules. Flow cytometry analysis verified the elevated levels of SIGLEC-1+ monocytes in the peripheral blood of participants with LADA and paediatric type 1 diabetes compared with healthy control participants and those with type 2 diabetes. Interestingly, the proportion of SIGLEC-1+ monocytes positively correlated with disease activity and negatively with disease duration in the LADA patients. In NOD mice, the proportion of SIGLEC-1+ monocytes in the peripheral blood was highest at the age of 6 weeks (16.88%), while the peak occurred at 12 weeks in pancreatic tissues (23.65%). Adoptive transfer experiments revealed a significant acceleration in diabetes onset in the SIGLEC-1+ group compared with the SIGLEC-1- or saline control group. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our study identified a novel group of SIGLEC-1+ monocytes that may serve as an important indicator for early diagnosis, activity assessment and monitoring of therapeutic efficacy in type 1 diabetes, and may also be a novel target for preventing and treating type 1 diabetes. DATA AVAILABILITY RNA-seq data have been deposited in the GSA human database ( https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/gsa-human/ ) under accession number HRA003649.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Han Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jianni Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chuan Wan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yujie Deng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shikai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yangang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Shufa Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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7
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Manji J, Pipella J, Brawerman G, Thompson PJ. Exploring Transcriptional Regulation of Beta Cell SASP by Brd4-Associated Proteins and Cell Cycle Control Protein p21. EPIGENOMES 2024; 8:10. [PMID: 38534794 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes8010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a metabolic disease resulting from progressive autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Although the majority of beta cells are lost in T1D, a small subset undergoes senescence, a stress response involving growth arrest, DNA damage response, and activation of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SASP in beta cells of the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of T1D and primary human islets is regulated at the level of transcription by bromodomain extra-terminal (BET) proteins, but the mechanisms remain unclear. To explore how SASP is transcriptionally regulated in beta cells, we used the NOD beta cell line NIT-1 to model beta cell SASP and identified binding partners of BET protein Brd4 and explored the role of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. Brd4 interacted with a variety of proteins in senescent NIT-1 cells including subunits of the Ino80 chromatin remodeling complex, which was expressed in beta cells during T1D progression in NOD mice and in human beta cells of control, autoantibody-positive, and T1D donors as determined from single-cell RNA-seq data. RNAi knockdown of p21 during senescence in NIT-1 cells did not significantly impact viability or SASP. Taken together, these results suggest that Brd4 interacts with several protein partners during senescence in NIT-1 cells, some of which may play roles in SASP gene activation and that p21 is dispensable for the SASP in this beta cell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Manji
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Jasmine Pipella
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Gabriel Brawerman
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Peter J Thompson
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
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8
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Anindya R, Rutter GA, Meur G. New-onset type 1 diabetes and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Immunol Cell Biol 2023; 101:191-203. [PMID: 36529987 PMCID: PMC9877852 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a condition characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin. Loss of insulin-producing pancreatic islet β cells is one of the many causes of T1D. Viral infections have long been associated with new-onset T1D and the balance between virulence and host immunity determines whether the viral infection would lead to T1D. Herein, we detail the dynamic interaction of pancreatic β cells with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the host immune system with respect to new-onset T1D. Importantly, β cells express the crucial entry receptors and multiple studies confirmed that β cells are infected by SARS-CoV-2. Innate immune system effectors, such as natural killer cells, can eliminate such infected β cells. Although CD4+ CD25+ FoxP3+ regulatory T (TREG ) cells provide immune tolerance to prevent the destruction of the islet β-cell population by autoantigen-specific CD8+ T cells, it can be speculated that SARS-CoV-2 infection may compromise self-tolerance by depleting TREG -cell numbers or diminishing TREG -cell functions by repressing Forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) expression. However, the expansion of β cells by self-duplication, and regeneration from progenitor cells, could effectively replace lost β cells. Appearance of islet autoantibodies following SARS-CoV-2 infection was reported in a few cases, which could imply a breakdown of immune tolerance in the pancreatic islets. However, many of the cases with newly diagnosed autoimmune response following SARS-CoV-2 infection also presented with significantly high HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) levels that indicated progression of an already set diabetes, rather than new-onset T1D. Here we review the potential underlying mechanisms behind loss of functional β-cell mass as a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection that can trigger new-onset T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Anindya
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore City, Singapore.,Centre of Research of Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gargi Meur
- ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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9
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Yoon J, Lee M, Ali AA, Oh YR, Choi YS, Kim S, Lee N, Jang SG, Park S, Chung JH, Kwok SK, Hyon JY, Cha S, Lee YJ, Im SG, Kim Y. Mitochondrial double-stranded RNAs as a pivotal mediator in the pathogenesis of Sjӧgren's syndrome. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 30:257-269. [PMID: 36284513 PMCID: PMC9576540 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Sjӧgren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that targets the exocrine glands, resulting in impaired saliva and tear secretion. To date, type I interferons (I-IFNs) are increasingly recognized as pivotal mediators in SS, but their endogenous drivers have not been elucidated. Here, we investigate the role of mitochondrial double-stranded RNAs (mt-dsRNAs) in regulating I-IFNs and other glandular phenotypes of SS. We find that mt-dsRNAs are elevated in the saliva and tears of SS patients (n = 73 for saliva and n = 16 for tears) and in salivary glands of non-obese diabetic mice with salivary dysfunction. Using the in-house-developed 3D culture of immortalized human salivary gland cells, we show that stimulation by exogenous dsRNAs increase mt-dsRNAs, activate the innate immune system, trigger I-IFNs, and promote glandular phenotypes. These responses are mediated via the Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway. Indeed, a small chemical inhibitor of JAK1 attenuates mtRNA elevation and immune activation. We further show that muscarinic receptor ligand acetylcholine ameliorates autoimmune characteristics by preventing mt-dsRNA-mediated immune activation. Last, direct suppression of mt-dsRNAs reverses the glandular phenotypes of SS. Altogether, our study underscores the significance of mt-dsRNA upregulation in the pathogenesis of SS and suggests mt-dsRNAs as propagators of a pseudo-viral signal in the SS target tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahsan Ausaf Ali
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Rim Oh
- Medical Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Choi
- Medical Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Namseok Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Gwang Jang
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghyeon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Haeng Chung
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kwok
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Young Hyon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghee Cha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Corresponding author Seunghee Cha, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Yun Jong Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author Yun Jong Lee: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Gap Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for NanoCentury (KINC), KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author Sung Gap Im, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoosik Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for BioCentury (KIB), KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- BioProcess Engineering Research Center and BioInformatics Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author Yoosik Kim, KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Type I Interferon Receptor Subunit 1 Deletion Attenuates Experimental Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101541. [PMID: 36291750 PMCID: PMC9599283 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Type I interferon receptor signaling contributes to several autoimmune and vascular diseases such as lupus, atherosclerosis and stroke. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of type I interferon receptor deficiency on the formation and progression of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Methods: AAAs were induced in type I interferon receptor subunit 1 (IFNAR1)-deficient and wild type control male mice via intra-infrarenal aortic infusion of porcine pancreatic elastase. Immunostaining for IFNAR1 was evaluated in experimental and clinical aneurysmal abdominal aortae. The initiation and progression of experimental AAAs were assessed via ultrasound imaging prior to (day 0) and days 3, 7 and 14 following elastase infusion. Aneurysmal histopathology was analyzed at sacrifice. Results: Increased aortic medial and adventitial IFNAR1 expression was present in both clinical AAAs harvested at surgery and experimental AAAs. Following AAA induction, wild type mice experienced progressive, time-dependent infrarenal aortic enlargement. This progression was substantially attenuated in IFNAR1-deficient mice. On histological analyses, medial elastin degradation, smooth muscle cell depletion, leukocyte accumulation and neoangiogenesis were markedly diminished in IFNAR1-deficient mice in comparison to wild type mice. Conclusion: IFNAR1 deficiency limited experimental AAA progression in response to intra-aortic elastase infusion. Combined with clinical observations, these results suggest an important role for IFNAR1 activity in AAA pathogenesis.
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11
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Nekoua MP, Alidjinou EK, Hober D. Persistent coxsackievirus B infection and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2022; 18:503-516. [PMID: 35650334 PMCID: PMC9157043 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00688-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Enteroviruses are believed to trigger or accelerate islet autoimmunity in genetically susceptible individuals, thereby resulting in loss of functional insulin-producing β-cells and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Although enteroviruses are primarily involved in acute and lytic infections in vitro and in vivo, they can also establish a persistent infection. Prospective epidemiological studies have strongly associated the persistence of enteroviruses, especially coxsackievirus B (CVB), with the appearance of islet autoantibodies and an increased risk of T1DM. CVB can persist in pancreatic ductal and β-cells, which leads to structural or functional alterations of these cells, and to a chronic inflammatory response that promotes recruitment and activation of pre-existing autoreactive T cells and β-cell autoimmune destruction. CVB persistence in other sites, such as the intestine, blood cells and thymus, has been described; these sites could serve as a reservoir for infection or reinfection of the pancreas, and this persistence could have a role in the disturbance of tolerance to β-cells. This Review addresses the involvement of persistent enterovirus infection in triggering islet autoimmunity and T1DM, as well as current strategies to control enterovirus infections for preventing or reducing the risk of T1DM onset.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Didier Hober
- Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France.
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12
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Yue C, Gao S, Li S, Xing Z, Qian H, Hu Y, Wang W, Hua C. TIGIT as a Promising Therapeutic Target in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:911919. [PMID: 35720417 PMCID: PMC9203892 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.911919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-inhibitory receptors (IRs) are molecules that protect host against autoimmune reactions and maintain peripheral self-tolerance, playing an essential role in maintaining immune homeostasis. In view of the substantial clinical progresses of negative immune checkpoint blockade in cancer treatment, the role of IRs in autoimmune diseases is also obvious. Several advances highlighted the substantial impacts of T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT), a novel IR, in autoimmunity. Blockade of TIGIT pathway exacerbates multiple autoimmune diseases, whereas enhancement of TIGIT function has been shown to alleviate autoimmune settings in mice. These data suggested that TIGIT pathway can be manipulated to achieve durable tolerance to treat autoimmune disorders. In this review, we provide an overview of characteristics of TIGIT and its role in autoimmunity. We then discuss recent approaches and future directions to leverage our knowledge of TIGIT as therapeutic target in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenran Yue
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuting Li
- School of the Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhouhang Xing
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hengrong Qian
- School of the Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ying Hu
- School of the Second Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenqian Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Hua
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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13
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Nekoua MP, Mercier A, Alhazmi A, Sane F, Alidjinou EK, Hober D. Fighting Enteroviral Infections to Prevent Type 1 Diabetes. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10040768. [PMID: 35456818 PMCID: PMC9031364 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteroviruses (EVs), especially coxsackieviruses B (CVB), are believed to trigger or accelerate islet autoimmunity in genetically susceptible individuals that results in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Therefore, strategies are needed to fight against EV infections. There are no approved antiviral drugs currently available, but various antiviral drugs targeting viral or host cell proteins and vaccines have recently shown potential to combat CVB infections and may be used as new therapeutic strategies to prevent or reduce the risk of T1D and/or preserve β-cell function among patients with islet autoantibodies or T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magloire Pandoua Nekoua
- Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (M.P.N.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (F.S.); (E.K.A.)
| | - Ambroise Mercier
- Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (M.P.N.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (F.S.); (E.K.A.)
| | - Abdulaziz Alhazmi
- Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (M.P.N.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (F.S.); (E.K.A.)
- Microbiology and Parasitology Department, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 82911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Famara Sane
- Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (M.P.N.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (F.S.); (E.K.A.)
| | - Enagnon Kazali Alidjinou
- Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (M.P.N.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (F.S.); (E.K.A.)
| | - Didier Hober
- Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (M.P.N.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (F.S.); (E.K.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)-3-2044-6688
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14
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Personalized Immunotherapies for Type 1 Diabetes: Who, What, When, and How? J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040542. [PMID: 35455658 PMCID: PMC9031881 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the immunopathological features of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has greatly improved over the past two decades and has shed light on disease heterogeneity dictated by multiple immune, metabolic, and clinical parameters. This may explain the limited effects of immunotherapies tested so far to durably revert or prevent T1D, for which life-long insulin replacement remains the only therapeutic option. In the era of omics and precision medicine, offering personalized treatment could contribute to turning this tide. Here, we discuss how to structure the selection of the right patient at the right time for the right treatment. This individualized therapeutic approach involves enrolling patients at a defined disease stage depending on the target and mode of action of the selected drug, and better stratifying patients based on their T1D endotype, reflecting intrinsic disease aggressiveness and immune context. To this end, biomarker screening will be critical, not only to help stratify patients and disease stage, but also to select the best predicted responders ahead of treatment and at early time points during clinical trials. This strategy could contribute to increase therapeutic efficacy, notably through the selection of drugs with complementary effects, and to further develop precision multi-hit medicine.
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15
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Nelson AS, Akgul A, Maddaloni M, Bhagyaraj E, Hoffman C, Pascual DW. Oral probiotic promotes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase- and TGF-β-Producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells to initiate protection against type 1 diabetes. Immunol Lett 2021; 239:12-19. [PMID: 34333043 PMCID: PMC9808532 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I) fimbria, an adhesin from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, confers protection in murine autoimmune models for type 1 diabetes (T1D), multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Although CFA/I fimbriae's initial mode of action is in a bystander or in an antigen (Ag)-independent fashion, protection is ultimately dependent upon the induction and/or activation of auto-Ag-specific regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, little is known about how protection transitions from bystander suppression to Ag-specific Tregs. Since dendritic cells (DCs) play an integral role in fate decisions for T cells becoming inflammatory or tolerogenic, the described study tests the hypothesis that Lactococcus lactis expressing CFA/I (LL-CFA/I) stimulates DCs to establish a regulatory microenvironment. To this end, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were infected in vitro with LL-CFA/I. Results revealed increased production of IL-10, TGF-β, and indoleamine 2,3-deoxygenase (IDO). Although co-culture of LL-CFA/I infected BMDCs with naïve T cells did not promote Foxp3 expression, TNF-α and IFN-γ production was suppressed. NOD mice orally dosed with LL-CFA/I showed an increase in regulatory plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) expressing IDO and TGF-β in pancreatic lymph nodes (PaLNs) and spleen three days post-treatment. However, Tregs did not appear in the mucosal inductive sites until much later. These findings show that LL-CFA/I influences specific DC populations to establish tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S. Nelson
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, United States,Quansys Biosciences, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Ali Akgul
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Massimo Maddaloni
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ella Bhagyaraj
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Carol Hoffman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - David W. Pascual
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL, United States,Corresponding author. (D.W. Pascual)
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16
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Zhou N, Liu W, Zhang W, Liu Y, Li X, Wang Y, Zheng R, Zhang Y. Wip1 regulates the immunomodulatory effects of murine mesenchymal stem cells in type 1 diabetes mellitus via targeting IFN-α/BST2. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:326. [PMID: 34716317 PMCID: PMC8556269 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00728-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show significant therapeutic effects in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as regulating the inflammatory processes. However, little is known about the detailed process of MSCs immunosuppression in T1DM. In this study, we investigated the effects of wild-type p53-induce phosphatase 1 (Wip1) on regulating MSCs immunosuppressive capacities in T1DM mice. We found that Wip1 knockout (Wip1-/-) MSCs had lower therapeutic effects in T1DM mice, and displayed weaker immunosuppressive capability. In vivo distribution analysis results indicated thatWip1-/-MSCs could home to the damaged pancreas and increase the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-17a (IL-17a), interferon-α(IFN-α), IFN-β, and IFN-γ, while decrease the expression of IL-4 and IL-10. Moreover, we confirmedWip1-/-MSCs exhibited weaker immunosuppressive capacity, as evidenced by enhanced expression of bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2(BST2) and IFN-α. In conclusion, these results revealed Wip1 affects MSCs immunomodulation by regulating the expression of IFN-α/BST2. Our study uncovered that Wip1 is required to regulate the therapeutic effects of MSCs on T1DM treatment, indicating a novel role of Wip1 in MSCs immunoregulation properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhou
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Weijiang Liu
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Medical Administration, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yuanlin Liu
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Rongxiu Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
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17
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Federico M, De la Fuente S, Palomeque J, Sheu SS. The role of mitochondria in metabolic disease: a special emphasis on heart dysfunction. J Physiol 2021; 599:3477-3493. [PMID: 33932959 PMCID: PMC8424986 DOI: 10.1113/jp279376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases (MetDs) embrace a series of pathologies characterized by abnormal body glucose usage. The known diseases included in this group are metabolic syndrome, prediabetes and diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2. All of them are chronic pathologies that present metabolic disturbances and are classified as multi-organ diseases. Cardiomyopathy has been extensively described in diabetic patients without overt macrovascular complications. The heart is severely damaged during the progression of the disease; in fact, diabetic cardiomyopathies are the main cause of death in MetDs. Insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia and increased free fatty acid metabolism promote cardiac damage through mitochondria. These organelles supply most of the energy that the heart needs to beat and to control essential cellular functions, including Ca2+ signalling modulation, reactive oxygen species production and apoptotic cell death regulation. Several aspects of common mitochondrial functions have been described as being altered in diabetic cardiomyopathies, including impaired energy metabolism, compromised mitochondrial dynamics, deficiencies in Ca2+ handling, increases in reactive oxygen species production, and a higher probability of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Therefore, the mitochondrial role in MetD-mediated heart dysfunction has been studied extensively to identify potential therapeutic targets for improving cardiac performance. Herein we review the cardiac pathology in metabolic syndrome, prediabetes and diabetes mellitus, focusing on the role of mitochondrial dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilen Federico
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CCT-La Plata-CONICET, Facultad de Cs. Medicas, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Sergio De la Fuente
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Julieta Palomeque
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CCT-La Plata-CONICET, Facultad de Cs. Medicas, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, CABA, Argentina
| | - Shey-Shing Sheu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
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18
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Type I interferons as key players in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in type 1 diabetes. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 359:1-80. [PMID: 33832648 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by pancreatic islet inflammation (insulitis) and specific pancreatic β-cell destruction by an immune attack. Although the precise underlying mechanisms leading to the autoimmune assault remain poorly understood, it is well accepted that insulitis takes place in the context of a conflicting dialogue between pancreatic β-cells and the immune cells. Moreover, both host genetic background (i.e., candidate genes) and environmental factors (e.g., viral infections) contribute to this inadequate dialogue. Accumulating evidence indicates that type I interferons (IFNs), cytokines that are crucial for both innate and adaptive immune responses, act as key links between environmental and genetic risk factors in the development of T1D. This chapter summarizes some relevant pathways involved in β-cell dysfunction and death, and briefly reviews how enteroviral infections and genetic susceptibility can impact insulitis. Moreover, we present the current evidence showing that, in β-cells, type I IFN signaling pathway activation leads to several outcomes, such as long-lasting major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I hyperexpression, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, epigenetic changes, and induction of posttranscriptional as well as posttranslational modifications. MHC class I overexpression, when combined with ER stress and posttranscriptional/posttranslational modifications, might lead to sustained neoantigen presentation to immune system and β-cell apoptosis. This knowledge supports the concept that type I IFNs are implicated in the early stages of T1D pathogenesis. Finally, we highlight the promising therapeutic avenues for T1D treatment directed at type I IFN signaling pathway.
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19
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Ke Q, Kroger CJ, Clark M, Tisch RM. Evolving Antibody Therapies for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2021; 11:624568. [PMID: 33679717 PMCID: PMC7930374 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.624568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is widely considered to be a T cell driven autoimmune disease resulting in reduced insulin production due to dysfunction/destruction of pancreatic β cells. Currently, there continues to be a need for immunotherapies that selectively reestablish persistent β cell-specific self-tolerance for the prevention and remission of T1D in the clinic. The utilization of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) is one strategy to target specific immune cell populations inducing autoimmune-driven pathology. Several mAb have proven to be clinically safe and exhibit varying degrees of efficacy in modulating autoimmunity, including T1D. Traditionally, mAb therapies have been used to deplete a targeted cell population regardless of antigenic specificity. However, this treatment strategy can prove detrimental resulting in the loss of acquired protective immunity. Nondepleting mAb have also been applied to modulate the function of immune effector cells. Recent studies have begun to define novel mechanisms associated with mAb-based immunotherapy that alter the function of targeted effector cell pools. These results suggest short course mAb therapies may have persistent effects for regaining and maintaining self-tolerance. Furthermore, the flexibility to manipulate mAb properties permits the development of novel strategies to target multiple antigens and/or deliver therapeutic drugs by a single mAb molecule. Here, we discuss current and potential future therapeutic mAb treatment strategies for T1D, and T cell-mediated autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ke
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Charles J Kroger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Matthew Clark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Roland M Tisch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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20
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Apaolaza PS, Balcacean D, Zapardiel-Gonzalo J, Nelson G, Lenchik N, Akhbari P, Gerling I, Richardson SJ, Rodriguez-Calvo T. Islet expression of type I interferon response sensors is associated with immune infiltration and viral infection in type 1 diabetes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/9/eabd6527. [PMID: 33627420 PMCID: PMC7904254 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd6527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous results indicate the presence of an interferon (IFN) signature in type 1 diabetes (T1D), capable of inducing chronic inflammation and compromising b cell function. Here, we determined the expression of the IFN response markers MxA, PKR, and HLA-I in the islets of autoantibody-positive and T1D donors. We found that these markers can be coexpressed in the same islet, are more abundant in insulin-containing islets, are highly expressed in islets with insulitis, and their expression levels are correlated with the presence of the enteroviral protein VP1. The expression of these markers was associated with down-regulation of multiple genes in the insulin secretion pathway. The coexistence of an IFN response and a microbial stress response is likely to prime islets for immune destruction. This study highlights the importance of therapeutic interventions aimed at eliminating potentially persistent infections and diminishing inflammation in individuals with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola S Apaolaza
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 80939, Germany
| | - Diana Balcacean
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 80939, Germany
| | - Jose Zapardiel-Gonzalo
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 80939, Germany
| | - Grace Nelson
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Nataliya Lenchik
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Pouria Akhbari
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Ivan Gerling
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Sarah J Richardson
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Teresa Rodriguez-Calvo
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 80939, Germany.
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21
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Fox LE, Locke MC, Lenschow DJ. Context Is Key: Delineating the Unique Functions of IFNα and IFNβ in Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:606874. [PMID: 33408718 PMCID: PMC7779635 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.606874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) are critical effector cytokines of the immune system and were originally known for their important role in protecting against viral infections; however, they have more recently been shown to play protective or detrimental roles in many disease states. Type I IFNs consist of IFNα, IFNβ, IFNϵ, IFNκ, IFNω, and a few others, and they all signal through a shared receptor to exert a wide range of biological activities, including antiviral, antiproliferative, proapoptotic, and immunomodulatory effects. Though the individual type I IFN subtypes possess overlapping functions, there is growing appreciation that they also have unique properties. In this review, we summarize some of the mechanisms underlying differential expression of and signaling by type I IFNs, and we discuss examples of differential functions of IFNα and IFNβ in models of infectious disease, cancer, and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey E. Fox
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Marissa C. Locke
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Deborah J. Lenschow
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
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22
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Brawerman G, Thompson PJ. Beta Cell Therapies for Preventing Type 1 Diabetes: From Bench to Bedside. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1681. [PMID: 33339173 PMCID: PMC7765619 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by insulin deficiency, generally resulting from progressive autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. While the phenomenon of beta cell autoimmunity continues to be an active area of investigation, recent evidence suggests that beta cell stress responses are also important contributors to disease onset. Here we review the pathways driving different kinds of beta cell dysfunction and their respective therapeutic targets in the prevention of T1D. We discuss opportunities and important open questions around the effectiveness of beta cell therapies and challenges for clinical utility. We further evaluate ways in which beta cell drug therapy could be combined with immunotherapy for preventing T1D in light of our growing appreciation of disease heterogeneity and patient endotypes. Ultimately, the emergence of pharmacologic beta cell therapies for T1D have armed us with new tools and closing the knowledge gaps in T1D etiology will be essential for maximizing the potential of these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Brawerman
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada;
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Peter J. Thompson
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada;
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
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23
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Yang L, Han X, Zhang C, Sun C, Huang S, Xiao W, Gao Y, Liang Q, Luo F, Lu W, Fu J, Zhou Y. Hsa_circ_0060450 Negatively Regulates Type I Interferon-Induced Inflammation by Serving as miR-199a-5p Sponge in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Immunol 2020; 11:576903. [PMID: 33133095 PMCID: PMC7550460 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.576903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) constitute a class of covalently circular non-coding RNA molecules formed by 5′ and 3′ end back-splicing. The rapid development of bioinformatics and large-scale sequencing has led to the identification of functional circRNAs. Despite an overall upward trend, studies focusing on the roles of circRNAs in immune diseases remain relatively scarce. In the present study, we obtained a differential circRNA expression profile based on microarray analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We characterized one differentially expressed circRNA back-spliced from the MYB Proto-Oncogene Like 2 (MYBL2) gene in patients with T1DM, termed as hsa_circ_0060450. Subsequent assays revealed that hsa_circ_0060450 can serve as the sponge of miR-199a-5p, release its target gene, Src homology 2 (SH2)-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2), encoded by the tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11 gene (PTPN11), and further suppress the JAK-STAT signaling pathway triggered by type I interferon (IFN-I) to inhibit macrophage-mediated inflammation, which indicates the important roles of circRNAs in T1DM and represents a promising therapeutic molecule in the treatment of T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiyan Zhang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengjun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Saihua Huang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfeng Xiao
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajing Gao
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuyan Liang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feihong Luo
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinrong Fu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Rodrigues KB, Dufort MJ, Llibre A, Speake C, Rahman MJ, Bondet V, Quiel J, Linsley PS, Greenbaum CJ, Duffy D, Tarbell KV. Innate immune stimulation of whole blood reveals IFN-1 hyper-responsiveness in type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2020; 63:1576-1587. [PMID: 32500289 PMCID: PMC10091865 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Self-antigen-specific T cell responses drive type 1 diabetes pathogenesis, but alterations in innate immune responses are also critical and not as well understood. Innate immunity in human type 1 diabetes has primarily been assessed via gene-expression analysis of unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, without the immune activation that could amplify disease-associated signals. Increased responsiveness in each of the two main innate immune pathways, driven by either type 1 IFN (IFN-1) or IL-1, have been detected in type 1 diabetes, but the dominant innate pathway is still unclear. This study aimed to determine the key innate pathway in type 1 diabetes and assess the whole blood immune stimulation assay as a tool to investigate this. METHODS The TruCulture whole blood ex vivo stimulation assay, paired with gene expression and cytokine measurements, was used to characterise changes in the stimulated innate immune response in type 1 diabetes. We applied specific cytokine-induced signatures to our data, pre-defined from the same assays measured in a separate cohort of healthy individuals. In addition, NOD mice were stimulated with CpG and monocyte gene expression was measured. RESULTS Monocytes from NOD mice showed lower baseline vs diabetes-resistant B6.g7 mice, but higher induced IFN-1-associated gene expression. In human participants, ex vivo whole blood stimulation revealed higher induced IFN-1 responses in type 1 diabetes, as compared with healthy control participants. In contrast, neither the IL-1-induced gene signature nor response to the adaptive immune stimulant Staphylococcal enterotoxin B were significantly altered in type 1 diabetes samples vs healthy control participants. Targeted gene-expression analysis showed that this enhanced IFN response was specific to IFN-1, as IFN-γ-driven responses were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our study identifies increased responsiveness to IFN-1 as a feature of both the NOD mouse model of autoimmune diabetes and human established type 1 diabetes. A stimulated IFN-1 gene signature may be a potential biomarker for type 1 diabetes and used to evaluate the effects of therapies targeting this pathway. DATA AVAILABILITY Mouse gene expression data are found in the gene expression omnibus (GEO) repository, accession GSE146452 ( www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE146452 ). Nanostring count data from the human experiments were deposited in the GEO repository, accession GSE146338 ( www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE146338 ). Data files and R code for all analyses are available at https://github.com/rodriguesk/T1D_truculture_diabetologia . Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kameron B Rodrigues
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Pathology Department, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Matthew J Dufort
- Systems Immunology Division, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alba Llibre
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells/Inserm U1223, Département d'Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue de Dr. Roux, 75724, Paris, France
| | - Cate Speake
- Diabetes Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M Jubayer Rahman
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vincent Bondet
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells/Inserm U1223, Département d'Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue de Dr. Roux, 75724, Paris, France
| | - Juan Quiel
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter S Linsley
- Systems Immunology Division, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Carla J Greenbaum
- Diabetes Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells/Inserm U1223, Département d'Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue de Dr. Roux, 75724, Paris, France.
| | - Kristin V Tarbell
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Amgen Discovery Research, 1120 Veterans Blvd, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
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25
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Blum SI, Tse HM. Innate Viral Sensor MDA5 and Coxsackievirus Interplay in Type 1 Diabetes Development. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8070993. [PMID: 32635205 PMCID: PMC7409145 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8070993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a polygenic autoimmune disease characterized by immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing β-cells. The concordance rate for T1D in monozygotic twins is ≈30-50%, indicating that environmental factors also play a role in T1D development. Previous studies have demonstrated that enterovirus infections such as coxsackievirus type B (CVB) are associated with triggering T1D. Prior to autoantibody development in T1D, viral RNA and antibodies against CVB can be detected within the blood, stool, and pancreata. An innate pathogen recognition receptor, melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), which is encoded by the IFIH1 gene, has been associated with T1D onset. It is unclear how single nucleotide polymorphisms in IFIH1 alter the structure and function of MDA5 that may lead to exacerbated antiviral responses contributing to increased T1D-susceptibility. Binding of viral dsRNA via MDA5 induces synthesis of antiviral proteins such as interferon-alpha and -beta (IFN-α/β). Viral infection and subsequent IFN-α/β synthesis can lead to ER stress within insulin-producing β-cells causing neo-epitope generation, activation of β-cell-specific autoreactive T cells, and β-cell destruction. Therefore, an interplay between genetics, enteroviral infections, and antiviral responses may be critical for T1D development.
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26
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Somani J, Ramchandran S, Lähdesmäki H. A personalised approach for identifying disease-relevant pathways in heterogeneous diseases. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2020; 6:17. [PMID: 32518234 PMCID: PMC7283216 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-020-0130-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous time-course gene expression datasets have been generated for studying the biological dynamics that drive disease progression; and nearly as many methods have been proposed to analyse them. However, barely any method exists that can appropriately model time-course data while accounting for heterogeneity that entails many complex diseases. Most methods manage to fulfil either one of those qualities, but not both. The lack of appropriate methods hinders our capability of understanding the disease process and pursuing preventive treatments. We present a method that models time-course data in a personalised manner using Gaussian processes in order to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs); and combines the DEG lists on a pathway-level using a permutation-based empirical hypothesis testing in order to overcome gene-level variability and inconsistencies prevalent to datasets from heterogenous diseases. Our method can be applied to study the time-course dynamics, as well as specific time-windows of heterogeneous diseases. We apply our personalised approach on three longitudinal type 1 diabetes (T1D) datasets, where the first two are used to determine perturbations taking place during early prognosis of the disease, as well as in time-windows before autoantibody positivity and T1D diagnosis; and the third is used to assess the generalisability of our method. By comparing to non-personalised methods, we demonstrate that our approach is biologically motivated and can reveal more insights into progression of heterogeneous diseases. With its robust capabilities of identifying disease-relevant pathways, our approach could be useful for predicting events in the progression of heterogeneous diseases and even for biomarker identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Somani
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Harri Lähdesmäki
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, 02150, Espoo, Finland.
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27
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Cauwels A, Tavernier J. Tolerizing Strategies for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases: From ex vivo to in vivo Strategies. Front Immunol 2020; 11:674. [PMID: 32477325 PMCID: PMC7241419 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), type I diabetes (T1D), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are chronic, incurable, incapacitating and at times even lethal conditions. Worldwide, millions of people are affected, predominantly women, and their number is steadily increasing. Currently, autoimmune patients require lifelong immunosuppressive therapy, often accompanied by severe adverse side effects and risks. Targeting the fundamental cause of autoimmunity, which is the loss of tolerance to self- or innocuous antigens, may be achieved via various mechanisms. Recently, tolerance-inducing cellular therapies, such as tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs), have gained considerable interest. Their safety has already been evaluated in patients with MS, arthritis, T1D, and Crohn’s disease, and clinical trials are underway to confirm their safety and therapeutic potential. Cell-based therapies are inevitably expensive and time-consuming, requiring laborious ex vivo manufacturing. Therefore, direct in vivo targeting of tolerogenic cell types offers an attractive alternative, and several strategies are being explored. Type I IFN was the first disease-modifying therapy approved for MS patients, and approaches to endogenously induce IFN in autoimmune diseases are being pursued vigorously. We here review and discuss tolerogenic cellular therapies and targeted in vivo tolerance approaches and propose a novel strategy for cell-specific delivery of type I IFN signaling to a cell type of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anje Cauwels
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Tavernier
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Orionis Biosciences, Ghent, Belgium
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28
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Dai YD, Dias P, Margosiak A, Marquardt K, Bashratyan R, Hu WY, Haskins K, Evans LH. Endogenous retrovirus Gag antigen and its gene variants are unique autoantigens expressed in the pancreatic islets of non-obese diabetic mice. Immunol Lett 2020; 223:62-70. [PMID: 32335144 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous retrovirus (ERV) are remnants of ancient retroviruses that have been incorporated into the genome and evidence suggests that they may play a role in the etiology of T1D. We previously identified a murine leukemia retrovirus-like ERV whose Env and Gag antigens are involved in autoimmune responses in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. In this study, we show that the Gag antigen is present in the islet stromal cells. Although Gag gene transcripts were present, Gag protein was not detected in diabetes-resistant mice. Cloning and sequencing analysis of individual Gag genes revealed that NOD islets express Gag gene variants with complete open-reading frames (ORFs), in contrast to the diabetes-resistant mice, whose islet Gag gene transcripts are mostly non-ORFs. Importantly, the ORFs obtained from the NOD islets are extremely heterogenous, coding for various mutants that are absence in the genome. We further show that Gag antigens are stimulatory for autoreactive T cells and identified one islet-expressing Gag variant that contains an altered peptide ligand capable of inducing IFN-gamma release by the T cells. The data highlight a unique retrovirus-like factor in the islets of the NOD mouse strain, which may participate in key events triggering autoimmunity and T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang D Dai
- Biomedical Research Institute of Southern California, Oceanside, CA, USA; Department of Immunology, Scripps Research, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Peter Dias
- Biomedical Research Institute of Southern California, Oceanside, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Margosiak
- Biomedical Research Institute of Southern California, Oceanside, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kathryn Haskins
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Leonard H Evans
- Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, MT, USA
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29
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Lu J, Liu J, Li L, Lan Y, Liang Y. Cytokines in type 1 diabetes: mechanisms of action and immunotherapeutic targets. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1122. [PMID: 32185024 PMCID: PMC7074462 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines play crucial roles in orchestrating complex multicellular interactions between pancreatic β cells and immune cells in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and are thus potential immunotherapeutic targets for this disorder. Cytokines that can induce regulatory functions-for example, IL-10, TGF-β and IL-33-are thought to restore immune tolerance and prevent β-cell damage. By contrast, cytokines such as IL-6, IL-17, IL-21 and TNF, which promote the differentiation and function of diabetogenic immune cells, are thought to lead to T1D onset and progression. However, targeting these dysregulated cytokine networks does not always result in consistent effects because anti-inflammatory or proinflammatory functions of cytokines, responsible for β-cell destruction, are context dependent. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge on the involvement of well-known cytokines in both the initiation and destruction phases of T1D and discuss advances in recently discovered roles of cytokines. Additionally, we emphasise the complexity and implications of cytokine modulation therapy and discuss the ways in which this strategy has been translated into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Lu
- Department of Pharmacy The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Jiyun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Lulu Li
- Department of Pharmacy Wuhan No.1 Hospital Wuhan China
| | - Yan Lan
- Department of Pharmacy Huangshi Center Hospital Huangshi China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Pharmacy The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
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30
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Pang H, Luo S, Huang G, Xia Y, Xie Z, Zhou Z. Advances in Knowledge of Candidate Genes Acting at the Beta-Cell Level in the Pathogenesis of T1DM. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:119. [PMID: 32226409 PMCID: PMC7080653 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
T1DM (type 1 diabetes mellitus), which results from the irreversible elimination of beta-cells mediated by autoreactive T cells, is defined as an autoimmune disease. It is widely accepted that T1DM is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, but the precise underlying molecular mechanisms are still unknown. To date, more than 50 genetic risk regions contributing to the pathogenesis of T1DM have been identified by GWAS (genome-wide association studies). Notably, more than 60% of the identified candidate genes are expressed in islets and beta-cells, which makes it plausible that these genes act at the beta-cell level and play a key role in the pathogenesis of T1DM. In this review, we focus on the current status of candidate genes that act at the beta-cell level by regulating the innate immune response and antiviral activity, affecting susceptibility to proapoptotic stimuli and influencing the pancreatic beta-cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Pang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Shuoming Luo
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Gan Huang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiguo Xie
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiguo Xie
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
- Zhiguang Zhou
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31
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Kalmykova ZA, Kononenko IV, Mayorov AY. [Diabetes mellitus and chronic liver diseases. Literature review (part 2): treatment features]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2019; 91:115-121. [PMID: 32598598 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2019.12.000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic liver disease (CLD) are pathological conditions associated with each other and reaching epidemic proportions. There is a strong pathogenetic relationship of carbohydrate metabolism disorders and a number of CLD. Common mechanisms that provoke metabolic and autoimmune disorders in the development of various CLD, leading to steatosis, insulin resistance (IR), impaired glucose tolerance and the development of DM are described. Effective glycemic control can have a beneficial effect on the treatment of these patients, and, conversely, there is evidence of a positive effect of CLD therapy on carbohydrate metabolism. This review discusses the correction of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with CLD, the main groups of modern hypoglycemic drugs, mechanisms of their action, the impact on the physiology of the liver, the possibility of using each of these pharmacological groups in patients with impaired liver function. The modern approaches and possibilities of drug effects on the process of fibrogenesis in CLD, the effect of these drugs on carbohydrate metabolism are listed.
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32
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IL-21 regulates SOCS1 expression in autoreactive CD8 + T cells but is not required for acquisition of CTL activity in the islets of non-obese diabetic mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15302. [PMID: 31653894 PMCID: PMC6814838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51636-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In type 1 diabetes, maturation of activated autoreactive CD8+ T cells to fully armed effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) occurs within the islet. At present the signals required for the maturation process are poorly defined. Cytokines could potentially provide the necessary "third signal" required to generate fully mature CTL capable of killing insulin-producing β-cells. To determine whether autoreactive CTL within islets respond to cytokines we generated non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice with a reporter for cytokine signalling. These mice express a reporter gene, hCD4, under the control of the endogenous regulatory elements for suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS)1, which is itself regulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. In NOD mice, the hCD4 reporter was expressed in infiltrated islets and the expression level was positively correlated with the frequency of infiltrating CD45+ cells. SOCS1 reporter expression was induced in transferred β-cell-specific CD8+ 8.3T cells upon migration from pancreatic draining lymph nodes into islets. To determine which cytokines induced SOCS1 promoter activity in islets, we examined hCD4 reporter expression and CTL maturation in the absence of the cytokine receptors IFNAR1 or IL-21R. We show that IFNAR1 deficiency does not confer protection from diabetes in 8.3 TCR transgenic mice, nor is IFNAR1 signalling required for SOCS1 reporter upregulation or CTL maturation in islets. In contrast, IL-21R-deficient 8.3 mice have reduced diabetes incidence and reduced SOCS1 reporter activity in islet CTLs. However IL-21R deficiency did not affect islet CD8+ T cell proliferation or expression of granzyme B or IFNγ. Together these data indicate that autoreactive CD8+ T cells respond to IL-21 and not type I IFNs in the islets of NOD mice, but neither IFNAR1 nor IL-21R are required for islet intrinsic CTL maturation.
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33
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Liu C, Whitener RL, Lin A, Xu Y, Chen J, Savinov A, Leiding JW, Wallet MA, Mathews CE. Neutrophil Cytosolic Factor 1 in Dendritic Cells Promotes Autoreactive CD8 + T Cell Activation via Cross-Presentation in Type 1 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2019; 10:952. [PMID: 31118934 PMCID: PMC6504685 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical in driving the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Ablation of ROS derived from phagocytic NADPH oxidase 2 is protective against autoimmune diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. However, the mechanisms of NADPH oxidase 2-derived ROS in T1D pathogenesis need to be elucidated. Here, we have examined the role of Ncf1 (the regulatory subunit of NADPH oxidase 2) in dendritic cells (DC). Results:Ncf1-mutant DCs exhibit reduced ability to activate autoreactive CD8+ T cells despite no difference in co-stimulatory molecule expression or pro-inflammatory cytokine production. When provided with exogenous whole-protein antigen, Ncf1-mutant NOD DCs showed strong phagosome acidification and rapid antigen degradation, which lead to an absence of protein translocation into the cytoplasm and deficient antigenic peptide loading on MHC Class I molecules. Innovation: This study demonstrates that Ncf1 (p47phox) is required for activation and effector function of CD8+ T cells by acting both intrinsically within the T cell as well as within professional antigen presenting cells. Conclusion: ROS promote CD8+ T cell activation by facilitating autoantigen cross-presentation by DCs. ROS scavengers could potentially represent an important component of therapies aiming to disrupt autoantigen presentation and activation of CD8+ T cells in individuals at-risk for developing T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Robert L Whitener
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Andrea Lin
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Alexei Savinov
- Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
| | - Jennifer W Leiding
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins-All Children's Hospital, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
| | - Mark A Wallet
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Clayton E Mathews
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Stefan-Lifshitz M, Karakose E, Cui L, Ettela A, Yi Z, Zhang W, Tomer Y. Epigenetic modulation of β cells by interferon-α via PNPT1/mir-26a/TET2 triggers autoimmune diabetes. JCI Insight 2019; 4:126663. [PMID: 30721151 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.126663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells. Mounting evidence supports a central role for β cell alterations in triggering the activation of self-reactive T cells in T1D. However, the early deleterious events that occur in β cells, underpinning islet autoimmunity, are not known. We hypothesized that epigenetic modifications induced in β cells by inflammatory mediators play a key role in initiating the autoimmune response. We analyzed DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns and gene expression in human islets exposed to IFN-α, a cytokine associated with T1D development. We found that IFN-α triggers DNA demethylation and increases expression of genes controlling inflammatory and immune pathways. We then demonstrated that DNA demethylation was caused by upregulation of the exoribonuclease, PNPase old-35 (PNPT1), which caused degradation of miR-26a. This in turn promoted the upregulation of ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) enzyme and increased 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels in human islets and pancreatic β cells. Moreover, we showed that specific IFN-α expression in the β cells of IFNα-INS1CreERT2 transgenic mice led to development of T1D that was preceded by increased islet DNA hydroxymethylation through a PNPT1/TET2-dependent mechanism. Our results suggest a new mechanism through which IFN-α regulates DNAm in β cells, leading to changes in expression of genes in inflammatory and immune pathways that can initiate islet autoimmunity in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Stefan-Lifshitz
- Division of Endocrinology and the Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Lingguang Cui
- Division of Endocrinology and the Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Abora Ettela
- Division of Endocrinology and the Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zhengzi Yi
- Department of Medicine Bioinformatics Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Department of Medicine Bioinformatics Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yaron Tomer
- Division of Endocrinology and the Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Marro BS, Legrain S, Ware BC, Oldstone MB. Macrophage IFN-I signaling promotes autoreactive T cell infiltration into islets in type 1 diabetes model. JCI Insight 2019; 4:125067. [PMID: 30674713 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.125067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we report a pathogenic role for type I IFN (IFN-I) signaling in macrophages, and not β cells in the islets, for the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Following lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCMV) infection in the Rip-LCMV-GP T1D model, macrophages accumulated near islets and in close contact to islet-infiltrating GP-specific (autoimmune) CD8+ T cells. Depletion of macrophages with clodronate liposomes or genetic ablation of Ifnar in macrophages aborted T1D, despite proliferation of GP-specific (autoimmune) CD8+ T cells. Histopathologically, disrupted IFNα/β receptor (IFNAR) signaling in macrophages resulted in restriction of CD8+ T cells entering into the islets with significant lymphoid accumulation around the islet. Collectively, these results provide evidence that macrophages via IFN-I signaling, while not entering the islets, are directly involved in interacting, directing, or restricting trafficking of autoreactive-specific T cells into the islets as an important component in causing T1D.
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Guindi C, Cloutier A, Gaudreau S, Zerif E, McDonald PP, Tatsiy O, Asselin C, Dupuis G, Gris D, Amrani AA. Role of the p38 MAPK/C/EBPβ Pathway in the Regulation of Phenotype and IL-10 and IL-12 Production by Tolerogenic Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells. Cells 2018; 7:cells7120256. [PMID: 30544623 PMCID: PMC6316502 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a major role in innate and adaptive immunity and self-immune tolerance. Immunogenic versus tolerogenic DC functions are dictated by their levels of costimulatory molecules and their cytokine expression profile. The transcription factor C/EBPβ regulates the expression of several inflammatory genes in many cell types including macrophages. However, little is known regarding the role of C/EBPβ in tolerogenic versus immunogenic DCs functions. We have previously reported that bone marrow-derived DCs generated with GM-CSF (GM/DCs) acquire the signature of semi-mature tolerogenic IL-10-producing DCs as opposed to immunogenic DCs generated with GM-CSF and IL-4 (IL-4/DCs). Here, we show that tolerogenic GM/DCs exhibit higher levels of phosphorylation and enhanced DNA binding activity of C/EBPβ and CREB than immunogenic IL-4/DCs. We also show that the p38 MAPK/CREB axis and GSK3 play an important role in regulating C/EBPβ phosphorylation and DNA binding activity. Inhibition of p38 MAPK in GM/DCs resulted in a drastic decrease of C/EBPβ and CREB DNA binding activities, a reduction of their IL-10 production and an increase of their IL-12p70 production, a characteristic of immunogenic IL-4/DCs. We also present evidence that GSK3 inhibition in GM/DCs reduced C/EBPβ DNA binding activity and increased expression of costimulatory molecules in GM/DCs and their production of IL-10. Analysis of GM/DCs of C/EBPβ-/- mice showed that C/EBPβ was essential to maintain the semimature phenotype and the production of IL-10 as well as low CD4⁺ T cell proliferation. Our results highlight the importance of the p38MAPK-C/EBPβ pathway in regulating phenotype and function of tolerogenic GM/DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Guindi
- Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Alexandre Cloutier
- Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Simon Gaudreau
- Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Echarki Zerif
- Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Patrick P McDonald
- Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Olga Tatsiy
- Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Claude Asselin
- Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Gilles Dupuis
- Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Denis Gris
- Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - And Abdelaziz Amrani
- Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
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Lee J, Lee J, Kwok S, Baek S, Jang SG, Hong S, Min J, Choi SS, Lee J, Cho M, Park S. JAK
‐1 Inhibition Suppresses Interferon‐Induced
BAFF
Production in Human Salivary Gland. Arthritis Rheumatol 2018; 70:2057-2066. [DOI: 10.1002/art.40589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeseon Lee
- The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jennifer Lee
- The Catholic University of Korea Seoul St. Mary's Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Seung‐Ki Kwok
- The Catholic University of Korea Seoul St. Mary's Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - SeungYe Baek
- The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Se Gwang Jang
- The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Seung‐Min Hong
- The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Woong Min
- Kangwon National University Chuncheon Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Shim Choi
- Kangwon National University Chuncheon Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyun Lee
- The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Mi‐La Cho
- The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Sung‐Hwan Park
- The Catholic University of Korea Seoul St. Mary's Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
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38
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Faustino LC, Lombardi A, Madrigal-Matute J, Owen RP, Libutti SK, Tomer Y. Interferon-α Triggers Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases via Lysosomal-Dependent Degradation of Thyroglobulin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:3678-3687. [PMID: 30113675 PMCID: PMC6179164 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) arise from complex interactions among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Thyroglobulin (TG) is a major susceptibility gene for both Graves disease and Hashimoto thyroiditis. Interferon-α (IFNα), a cytokine secreted during viral infections, has emerged as a key trigger of AITD. We have shown that IFNα upregulates TG transcription; however, how the upregulation of TG transcription by IFNα triggers AITD is still unknown. OBJECTIVE To evaluate how IFNα triggers AITD by testing its effects on TG processing. DESIGN We exposed human thyroid cells to IFNα and evaluated its effects on TG expression and processing. RESULTS Human thyroid cells exposed to INFα had increased levels of TG mRNA but reduced TG protein levels, indicating TG protein degradation. IFNα induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, but surprisingly, neither the use of chemical chaperones nor proteasome inhibitor prevented IFNα-induced TG degradation. IFNα also increased LysoTracker staining and autophagy flux measured by net light chain 3 (LC3)-II and p62 fluxes. In addition, expression of autophagy markers LC3 and autophagy-related gene 5 was higher in thyroid tissues from patients with AITD. Finally, blocking lysosomal degradation prevented IFNα-induced degradation of TG. CONCLUSION We have shown in this study IFNα-induced lysosomal-dependent degradation of TG in human thyroid cells. Our findings suggest that during viral infections, local thyroidal IFNα production can lead to lysosomal TG degradation, releasing pathogenic TG peptides that can trigger AITD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa C Faustino
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Larissa C. Faustino, PhD, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Forchheimer 702, Bronx, New York 10461. E-mail:
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Julio Madrigal-Matute
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology and Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Randall P Owen
- Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Steven K Libutti
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Yaron Tomer
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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39
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Vecchio F, Lo Buono N, Stabilini A, Nigi L, Dufort MJ, Geyer S, Rancoita PM, Cugnata F, Mandelli A, Valle A, Leete P, Mancarella F, Linsley PS, Krogvold L, Herold KC, Elding Larsson H, Richardson SJ, Morgan NG, Dahl-Jørgensen K, Sebastiani G, Dotta F, Bosi E, Battaglia M. Abnormal neutrophil signature in the blood and pancreas of presymptomatic and symptomatic type 1 diabetes. JCI Insight 2018; 3:122146. [PMID: 30232284 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.122146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophils and their inflammatory mediators are key pathogenic components in multiple autoimmune diseases, while their role in human type 1 diabetes (T1D), a disease that progresses sequentially through identifiable stages prior to the clinical onset, is not well understood. We previously reported that the number of circulating neutrophils is reduced in patients with T1D and in presymptomatic at-risk subjects. The aim of the present work was to identify possible changes in circulating and pancreas-residing neutrophils throughout the disease course to better elucidate neutrophil involvement in human T1D. METHODS Data collected from 389 subjects at risk of developing T1D, and enrolled in 4 distinct studies performed by TrialNet, were analyzed with comprehensive statistical approaches to determine whether the number of circulating neutrophils correlates with pancreas function. To obtain a broad analysis of pancreas-infiltrating neutrophils throughout all disease stages, pancreas sections collected worldwide from 4 different cohorts (i.e., nPOD, DiViD, Siena, and Exeter) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Finally, circulating neutrophils were purified from unrelated nondiabetic subjects and donors at various T1D stages and their transcriptomic signature was determined by RNA sequencing. RESULTS Here, we show that the decline in β cell function is greatest in individuals with the lowest peripheral neutrophil numbers. Neutrophils infiltrate the pancreas prior to the onset of symptoms and they continue to do so as the disease progresses. Of interest, a fraction of these pancreas-infiltrating neutrophils also extrudes neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), suggesting a tissue-specific pathogenic role. Whole-transcriptome analysis of purified blood neutrophils revealed a unique molecular signature that is distinguished by an overabundance of IFN-associated genes; despite being healthy, said signature is already present in T1D-autoantibody-negative at-risk subjects. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal an unexpected abnormality in neutrophil disposition both in the circulation and in the pancreas of presymptomatic and symptomatic T1D subjects, implying that targeting neutrophils might represent a previously unrecognized therapeutic modality. FUNDING Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF), NIH, Diabetes UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Vecchio
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Lo Buono
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Stabilini
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Nigi
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, and Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Science, Siena, Italy
| | - Matthew J Dufort
- Systems Immunology Division, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Susan Geyer
- University of South Florida, TNCC, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Paola Maria Rancoita
- Centre of Statistics for Biomedical Sciences (CUSSB), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Cugnata
- Centre of Statistics for Biomedical Sciences (CUSSB), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mandelli
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Valle
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Pia Leete
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building Barrack Road, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Mancarella
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, and Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Science, Siena, Italy
| | - Peter S Linsley
- Systems Immunology Division, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lars Krogvold
- Pediatric Department, Oslo University Hospital HF, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kevan C Herold
- Departments of Immunobiology and Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Helena Elding Larsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University/CRC, Skane University Hospital SUS, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Sarah J Richardson
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building Barrack Road, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Noel G Morgan
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building Barrack Road, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Knut Dahl-Jørgensen
- Pediatric Department, Oslo University Hospital HF, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guido Sebastiani
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, and Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Science, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, and Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Science, Siena, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bosi
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, and the Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.,TrialNet Clinical Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Manuela Battaglia
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,TrialNet Clinical Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Carrero JA, Benshoff ND, Nalley K, Unanue ER. Type I and II Interferon Receptors Differentially Regulate Type 1 Diabetes Susceptibility in Male Versus Female NOD Mice. Diabetes 2018; 67:1830-1835. [PMID: 30084830 PMCID: PMC6110319 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The role of interferons, either pathogenic or protective, during autoimmune diabetes remains controversial. Herein, we examine the progression of diabetes in NOD mice lacking the type I (IFNAR) or type II (IFNGR) interferon receptor and, for the first time, in mice deficient in both receptors (double knockout [DKO]). All mice were bred, maintained, and monitored in a single specific pathogen-free facility with high female and low male diabetes incidence. Our expectation was that removal of interferon signaling would reduce autoimmune destruction. However, examination of diabetes incidence in the IFNAR- and IFNGR-deficient NOD mice showed a reduction in females and an increase in males. In DKO mice, diabetes occurred only in female mice, at decreased incidence and with delayed kinetics. These results show that interferons act as both positive and negative modulators of type 1 diabetes disease risk dependent on sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A Carrero
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nicholas D Benshoff
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Kimberly Nalley
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Emil R Unanue
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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41
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Lombardi A, Tsomos E, Hammerstad SS, Tomer Y. Interferon alpha: The key trigger of type 1 diabetes. J Autoimmun 2018; 94:7-15. [PMID: 30115527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
IFNα is a cytokine essential to a vast array of immunologic processes. Its induction early in the innate immune response provides a priming mechanism that orchestrates numerous subsequent pathways in innate and adaptive immunity. Despite its beneficial effects in viral infections IFNα has been reported to be associated with several autoimmune diseases including autoimmune thyroid disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, primary biliary cholangitis, and recently emerged as a major cytokine that triggers Type 1 Diabetes. In this review, we dissect the role of IFNα in T1D, focusing on the potential pathophysiological mechanisms involved. Evidence from human and mouse studies indicates that IFNα plays a key role in enhancing islet expression of HLA-I in patients with T1D, thereby increasing autoantigen presentation and beta cell activation of autoreactive cytotoxic CD8 T-lymphocytes. The binding of IFNα to its receptor induces the secretion of chemokines, attracting monocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells to the infected tissue triggering autoimmunity in susceptible individuals. Furthermore, IFNα impairs insulin production through the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress as well as by impairing mitochondrial function. Due to its central role in the early phases of beta cell death, targeting IFNα and its pathways in genetically predisposed individuals may represent a potential novel therapeutic strategy in the very early stages of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Lombardi
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Effie Tsomos
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sara S Hammerstad
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Aker, Oslo, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yaron Tomer
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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42
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Iglesias M, Arun A, Chicco M, Lam B, Talbot CC, Ivanova V, Lee WPA, Brandacher G, Raimondi G. Type-I Interferons Inhibit Interleukin-10 Signaling and Favor Type 1 Diabetes Development in Nonobese Diabetic Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1565. [PMID: 30061883 PMCID: PMC6054963 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Destruction of insulin-producing β-cells by autoreactive T lymphocytes leads to the development of type 1 diabetes. Type-I interferons (TI-IFN) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) have been connected with the pathophysiology of this disease; however, their interplay in the modulation of diabetogenic T cells remains unknown. We have discovered that TI-IFN cause a selective inhibition of IL-10 signaling in effector and regulatory T cells, altering their responses. This correlates with diabetes development in nonobese diabetic mice, where the inhibition is also spatially localized to T cells of pancreatic and mesenteric lymph nodes. IL-10 signaling inhibition is reversible and can be restored via blockade of TI-IFN/IFN-R interaction, paralleling with the resulting delay in diabetes onset and reduced severity. Overall, we propose a novel molecular link between TI-IFN and IL-10 signaling that helps better understand the complex dynamics of autoimmune diabetes development and reveals new strategies of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Iglesias
- Vascularized and Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Anirudh Arun
- Vascularized and Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Maria Chicco
- Vascularized and Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Brandon Lam
- Vascularized and Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - C Conover Talbot
- Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vera Ivanova
- Vascularized and Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - W P A Lee
- Vascularized and Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Gerald Brandacher
- Vascularized and Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Giorgio Raimondi
- Vascularized and Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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43
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Ossart J, Moreau A, Autrusseau E, Ménoret S, Martin JC, Besnard M, Ouisse LH, Tesson L, Flippe L, Kisand K, Peterson P, Hubert FX, Anegon I, Josien R, Guillonneau C. Breakdown of Immune Tolerance in AIRE-Deficient Rats Induces a Severe Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy-Candidiasis-Ectodermal Dystrophy-like Autoimmune Disease. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:874-887. [PMID: 29959280 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune regulator (AIRE) deficiency in humans induces a life-threatening generalized autoimmune disease called autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED), and no curative treatments are available. Several models of AIRE-deficient mice have been generated, and although they have been useful in understanding the role of AIRE in central tolerance, they do not reproduce accurately the APECED symptoms, and thus there is still a need for an animal model displaying APECED-like disease. We assessed, in this study, the potential of the rat as an accurate model for APECED. In this study, we demonstrate that in rat, AIRE is expressed by MHC class II (MCH-II)+ and MHC-II- medullary thymic epithelial cells in thymus and by CD4int conventional dendritic cells in periphery. To our knowledge, we generated the first AIRE-deficient rat model using zinc-finger nucleases and demonstrated that they display several of the key symptoms of APECED disease, including alopecia, skin depigmentation, and nail dystrophy, independently of the genetic background. We observed severe autoimmune lesions in a large spectrum of organs, in particular in the pancreas, and identified several autoantibodies in organs and cytokines such as type I IFNs and IL-17 at levels similar to APECED. Finally, we demonstrated a biased Ab response to IgG1, IgM, and IgA isotypes. Altogether, our data demonstrate that AIRE-deficient rat is a relevant APECED animal model, opening new opportunity to test curative therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Ossart
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Anne Moreau
- Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Elodie Autrusseau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Ménoret
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Transgenesis Rat Immunophenomic Platform, INSERM 1064 and SFR Francois Bonamy, CNRS UMS3556, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme C Martin
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Marine Besnard
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Laure-Hélène Ouisse
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Transgenesis Rat Immunophenomic Platform, INSERM 1064 and SFR Francois Bonamy, CNRS UMS3556, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Laurent Tesson
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Transgenesis Rat Immunophenomic Platform, INSERM 1064 and SFR Francois Bonamy, CNRS UMS3556, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Léa Flippe
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Kai Kisand
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia; and
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia; and
| | - François-Xavier Hubert
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Transgenesis Rat Immunophenomic Platform, INSERM 1064 and SFR Francois Bonamy, CNRS UMS3556, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Régis Josien
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France; .,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
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MHC-mismatched mixed chimerism restores peripheral tolerance of noncross-reactive autoreactive T cells in NOD mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E2329-E2337. [PMID: 29463744 PMCID: PMC5877958 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1720169115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixed chimerism has shown good potential to cure some autoimmune diseases and prevent tissue rejection. It is known that MHC-mismatched but not -matched mixed chimerism effectively tolerizes autoreactive T cells, even those noncross-reactive T cells that do not directly recognize donor-type antigen presenting cells [i.e., dendritic cells (DCs)]. How this is accomplished remains unknown. These studies have shown that tolerizing peripheral residual host-type noncross-reactive autoreactive T cells requires engraftment of donor-type DCs and involves a host-type DC-mediated increase in donor-type Treg cells, which associates with restoration of tolerogenic features of host-type plasmacytoid DCs and expansion of host-type Treg cells. This study suggests a previously unrecognized tolerance network among donor- and host-type DCs and Treg cells in MHC-mismatched mixed chimeras. Autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) and other autoimmune diseases are associated with particular MHC haplotypes and expansion of autoreactive T cells. Induction of MHC-mismatched but not -matched mixed chimerism by hematopoietic cell transplantation effectively reverses autoimmunity in diabetic nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, even those with established diabetes. As expected, MHC-mismatched mixed chimerism mediates deletion in the thymus of host-type autoreactive T cells that have T-cell receptor (TCR) recognizing (cross-reacting with) donor-type antigen presenting cells (APCs), which have come to reside in the thymus. However, how MHC-mismatched mixed chimerism tolerizes host autoreactive T cells that recognize only self-MHC–peptide complexes remains unknown. Here, using NOD.Rag1−/−.BDC2.5 or NOD.Rag1−/−.BDC12-4.1 mice that have only noncross-reactive transgenic autoreactive T cells, we show that induction of MHC-mismatched but not -matched mixed chimerism restores immune tolerance of peripheral noncross-reactive autoreactive T cells. MHC-mismatched mixed chimerism results in increased percentages of both donor- and host-type Foxp3+ Treg cells and up-regulated expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) by host-type plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). Furthermore, adoptive transfer experiments showed that engraftment of donor-type dendritic cells (DCs) and expansion of donor-type Treg cells are required for tolerizing the noncross-reactive autoreactive T cells in the periphery, which are in association with up-regulation of host-type DC expression of PD-L1 and increased percentage of host-type Treg cells. Thus, induction of MHC-mismatched mixed chimerism may establish a peripheral tolerogenic DC and Treg network that actively tolerizes autoreactive T cells, even those with no TCR recognition of the donor APCs.
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45
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Rahman MJ, Rodrigues KB, Quiel JA, Liu Y, Bhargava V, Zhao Y, Hotta-Iwamura C, Shih HY, Lau-Kilby AW, Malloy AM, Thoner TW, Tarbell KV. Restoration of the type I IFN-IL-1 balance through targeted blockade of PTGER4 inhibits autoimmunity in NOD mice. JCI Insight 2018; 3:97843. [PMID: 29415894 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.97843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I IFN (IFN-I) dysregulation contributes to type 1 diabetes (T1D) development, and although increased IFN-I signals are pathogenic at the initiation of autoimmune diabetes, IFN-I dysregulation at later pathogenic stages more relevant for therapeutic intervention is not well understood. We discovered that 5 key antigen-presenting cell subsets from adult prediabetic NOD mice have reduced responsiveness to IFN-I that is dominated by a decrease in the tonic-sensitive subset of IFN-I response genes. Blockade of IFNAR1 in prediabetic NOD mice accelerated diabetes and increased Th1 responses. Therefore, IFN-I responses shift from pathogenic to protective as autoimmunity progresses, consistent with chronic IFN-I exposure. In contrast, IL-1-associated inflammatory pathways were elevated in prediabetic mice. These changes correlated with human T1D onset-associated gene expression. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin receptor 4 (PTGER4), a receptor for PGE2 that mediates both inflammatory and regulatory eicosanoid signaling, were higher in NOD mice and drive innate immune dysregulation. Treating prediabetic NOD mice with a PTGER4 antagonist restored IFNAR signaling, decreased IL-1 signaling, and decreased infiltration of leukocytes into the islets. Therefore, innate cytokine alterations contribute to both T1D-associated inflammation and autoimmune pathogenesis. Modulating innate immune balance via signals such as PTGER4 may contribute to treatments for autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jubayer Rahman
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kameron B Rodrigues
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Juan A Quiel
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vipul Bhargava
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yongge Zhao
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chie Hotta-Iwamura
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Han-Yu Shih
- Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Annie W Lau-Kilby
- Laboratory of Neonatal Infection and Immunity, Department of Pediatrics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Allison Mw Malloy
- Laboratory of Neonatal Infection and Immunity, Department of Pediatrics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Timothy W Thoner
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristin V Tarbell
- Immune Tolerance Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Amgen Discovery Research, Inflammation and Oncology, South San Francisco, California, USA
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46
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Tarbell KV, Egen JG. Breaking self-tolerance during autoimmunity and cancer immunity: Myeloid cells and type I IFN response regulation. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 103:1117-1129. [PMID: 29393979 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mir1017-400r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The generation and regulation of innate immune signals are key determinants of autoimmune pathogenesis. Emerging evidence suggests that parallel processes operating in the setting of solid tumors can similarly determine the balance between tolerance and immunity and ultimately the effectiveness of the antitumor immune response. In both contexts, self-specific responses start with innate immune cell activation that leads to the initial break in self-tolerance, which can be followed by immune response amplification and maturation through innate-adaptive crosstalk, and finally immune-mediated tissue/tumor destruction that can further potentiate inflammation. Of particular importance for these processes is type I IFN, which is induced in response to endogenous ligands, such as self-nucleic acids, and acts on myeloid cells to promote the expansion of autoreactive or tumor-specific T cells and their influx into the target tissue. Evidence from the study of human disease pathophysiology and genetics and mouse models of disease has revealed an extensive and complex network of negative regulatory pathways that has evolved to restrain type I IFN production and activity. Here, we review the overlapping features of self- and tumor-specific immune responses, including the central role that regulators of the type I IFN response and innate immune cell activation play in maintaining tolerance, and discuss how a better understanding of the pathophysiology of autoimmunity can help to identify new approaches to promote immune-mediated tumor destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin V Tarbell
- Department of Oncology, Amgen, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jackson G Egen
- Department of Oncology, Amgen, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
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47
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Mahmoud TI, Wang J, Karnell JL, Wang Q, Wang S, Naiman B, Gross P, Brohawn PZ, Morehouse C, Aoyama J, Wasserfall C, Carter L, Atkinson MA, Serreze DV, Braley-Mullen H, Mustelin T, Kolbeck R, Herbst R, Ettinger R. Autoimmune manifestations in aged mice arise from early-life immune dysregulation. Sci Transl Med 2017; 8:361ra137. [PMID: 27798262 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aag0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autoantibodies can be present years to decades before the onset of disease manifestations in autoimmunity. This finding suggests that the initial autoimmune trigger involves a peripheral lymphoid component, which ultimately drives disease pathology in local tissues later in life. We show that Sjögren's syndrome manifestations that develop in aged NOD.H-2h4 mice were driven by and dependent on peripheral dysregulation that arose in early life. Specifically, elimination of spontaneous germinal centers in spleens of young NOD.H-2h4 mice by transient blockade of CD40 ligand (CD40L) or splenectomy abolished Sjögren's pathology of aged mice. Strikingly, a single injection of anti-CD40L at 4 weeks of age prevented tertiary follicle neogenesis and greatly blunted the formation of key autoantibodies implicated in glandular pathology, including anti-muscarinic receptor antibodies. Microarray profiling of the salivary gland characterized the expression pattern of genes that increased with disease progression and showed that early anti-CD40L greatly repressed B cell function while having a broader effect on multiple biological pathways, including interleukin-12 and interferon signaling. A single prophylactic treatment with anti-CD40L also inhibited the development of autoimmune thyroiditis and diabetes in NOD.H-2h4 and nonobese diabetic mice, respectively, supporting a key role for CD40L in the pathophysiology of several autoimmune models. These results strongly suggest that early peripheral immune dysregulation gives rise to autoimmune manifestations later in life, and for diseases predated by autoantibodies, early prophylactic intervention with biologics may prove efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer I Mahmoud
- Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity Group, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Jingya Wang
- Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity Group, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Jodi L Karnell
- Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity Group, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Qiming Wang
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Shu Wang
- Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity Group, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Brian Naiman
- Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity Group, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Phillip Gross
- Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity Group, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Philip Z Brohawn
- Translational Sciences-Pharmacogenomics, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Chris Morehouse
- Translational Sciences-Pharmacogenomics, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Jordan Aoyama
- Translational Sciences-Pharmacogenomics, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Clive Wasserfall
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Laura Carter
- Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity Group, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Mark A Atkinson
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | | | - Tomas Mustelin
- Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity Group, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Roland Kolbeck
- Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity Group, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Ronald Herbst
- Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity Group, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Rachel Ettinger
- Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity Group, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
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48
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Dendritic cell recruitment and activation in autoimmunity. J Autoimmun 2017; 85:126-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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49
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Mihailidou C, Papavassiliou AG, Kiaris H. Cell-autonomous cytotoxicity of type I interferon response via induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress. FASEB J 2017; 31:5432-5439. [PMID: 28821633 PMCID: PMC5690390 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700152r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of IFN with specific membrane receptors that transduce death-inducing signals is considered to be the principle mechanism of IFN-induced cytotoxicity. In this study, the classic non-cell-autonomous cytotoxicity of IFN was augmented by cell-autonomous mechanisms that operated independently of the interaction of IFN with its receptors. Cells primed to produce IFN by 5-azacytidine (5-aza) underwent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The chemical chaperones tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDCA) and 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA), as well as the iron chelator ciclopirox (CPX), which reduces ER stress, alleviated the cytotoxicity of 5-aza. Ablation of CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), the major ER stress-associated proapoptotic transcription factor, protected fibroblasts from 5-aza only when the cytotoxicity was examined cell autonomously. In a medium-transfer experiment in which the cell-autonomous effects of 5-aza was dissociated, CHOP ablation was incapable of modulating cytotoxicity; however, neutralization of IFN receptor was highly effective. Also the levels of caspase activation showed a distinct profile between the cell-autonomous and the medium-transfer experiments. We suggest that besides the classic paracrine mechanism, cell-autonomous mechanisms that involve induction of ER stress also participate. These results have implications in the development of anti-IFN-based therapies and expand the class of pathologic states that are viewed as protein-misfolding diseases.-Mihailidou, C., Papavassiliou, A. G., Kiaris, H. Cell-autonomous cytotoxicity of type I interferon response via induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysovalantou Mihailidou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; and
| | - Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; and
| | - Hippokratis Kiaris
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; and,Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA,Correspondence: Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, CLS 713, 715 Sumter St., Columbia, SC 29208-3402, USA. E-mail:
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50
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Newby BN, Brusko TM, Zou B, Atkinson MA, Clare-Salzler M, Mathews CE. Type 1 Interferons Potentiate Human CD8 + T-Cell Cytotoxicity Through a STAT4- and Granzyme B-Dependent Pathway. Diabetes 2017; 66:3061-3071. [PMID: 28877912 PMCID: PMC5697952 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Events defining the progression to human type 1 diabetes (T1D) have remained elusive owing to the complex interaction between genetics, the immune system, and the environment. Type 1 interferons (T1-IFN) are known to be a constituent of the autoinflammatory milieu within the pancreas of patients with T1D. However, the capacity of IFNα/β to modulate human activated autoreactive CD8+ T-cell (cytotoxic T lymphocyte) responses within the islets of patients with T1D has not been investigated. Here, we engineer human β-cell-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and demonstrate that T1-IFN augments cytotoxicity by inducing rapid phosphorylation of STAT4, resulting in direct binding at the granzyme B promoter within 2 h of exposure. The current findings provide novel insights concerning the regulation of effector function by T1-IFN in human antigen-experienced CD8+ T cells and provide a mechanism by which the presence of T1-IFN potentiates diabetogenicity within the autoimmune islet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney N Newby
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Todd M Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Baiming Zou
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions & College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Mark A Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Michael Clare-Salzler
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Clayton E Mathews
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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