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Malin Igra A, Trask M, Rahman SM, Dreij K, Lindh C, Krais AM, Persson LÅ, Rahman A, Kippler M. Maternal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during pregnancy and timing of pubertal onset in a longitudinal mother-child cohort in rural Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 189:108798. [PMID: 38875814 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In experimental studies, several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have shown endocrine disrupting properties, but very few epidemiological studies have examined their impact on pubertal development and results have been heterogenous. OBJECTIVE To explore if maternal PAH exposure during pregnancy was associated with the offspring's timing of pubertal onset. METHODS We studied 582 mother-daughter dyads originating from a population-based cohort in a rural setting in Bangladesh. Maternal urinary samples, collected in early pregnancy (on average, gestational week 8), were analyzed for monohydroxylated metabolites of phenanthrene (1-OH-Phe, Σ2-,3-OH-Phe, and 4-OH-Phe), fluorene (Σ2-,3-OH-Flu), and pyrene (1-OH-Pyr) using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The girls were interviewed on two separate occasions concerning date of menarche, as well as breast and pubic hair development according to Tanner. Associations were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression or ordered logistic regression. RESULTS In early pregnancy, the mothers' median urinary concentrations of Σ1-,2-,3-,4-OH-Phe, Σ2-,3-OH-Flu, and 1-OH-Pyr were 3.25 ng/mL, 2.0 ng/mL, and 2.3 ng/mL respectively. At the second follow-up, 78 % of the girls had reached menarche, and the median age of menarche was 12.7 ± 0.81 years. Girls whose mothers belonged to the second and third quintiles of ΣOH-Phe metabolites had a higher rate of menarche, indicating a younger menarcheal age (HR 1.39; 95 % CI 1.04, 1.86, and HR 1.41; 95 % CI 1.05, 1.88, respectively), than girls of mothers in the lowest quintile. This trend was not observed in relation to either breast or pubic hair development. None of the other maternal urinary PAH metabolites or the sum of all thereof in early pregnancy were associated with age at menarche or pubertal stage. CONCLUSIONS Indications of non-monotonic associations of prenatal phenanthrene exposure with the daughters' age of menarche were found, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mercedes Trask
- Global Health and Migration Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Syed Moshfiqur Rahman
- Global Health and Migration Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kristian Dreij
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Lindh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Annette M Krais
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars-Åke Persson
- Global Health and Migration Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Anisur Rahman
- Global Health and Migration Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Kippler
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Brown JA, Ish JL, Chang CJ, Bookwalter DB, O’Brien KM, Jones RR, Kaufman JD, Sandler DP, White AJ. Outdoor air pollution exposure and uterine cancer incidence in the Sister Study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024; 116:948-956. [PMID: 38346713 PMCID: PMC11160506 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outdoor air pollution is a ubiquitous exposure that includes endocrine-disrupting and carcinogenic compounds that may contribute to the risk of hormone-sensitive outcomes such as uterine cancer. However, there is limited evidence about the relationship between outdoor air pollution and uterine cancer incidence. METHODS We investigated the associations of residential exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with uterine cancer among 33 417 Sister Study participants with an intact uterus at baseline (2003-2009). Annual average air pollutant concentrations were estimated at participants' geocoded primary residential addresses using validated spatiotemporal models. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between time-varying 12-month PM2.5 (µg/m3) and NO2 (parts per billion; ppb) averages and uterine cancer incidence. RESULTS Over a median follow-up period of 9.8 years, 319 incident uterine cancer cases were identified. A 5-ppb increase in NO2 was associated with a 23% higher incidence of uterine cancer (hazard ratio = 1.23, 95% confidence interval = 1.04 to 1.46), especially among participants living in urban areas (hazard ratio = 1.53, 95% confidence interval = 1.13 to 2.07), but PM2.5 was not associated with increased uterine cancer incidence. CONCLUSION In this large US cohort, NO2, a marker of vehicular traffic exposure, was associated with a higher incidence of uterine cancer. These findings expand the scope of health effects associated with air pollution, supporting the need for policy and other interventions designed to reduce air pollutant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordyn A Brown
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer L Ish
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Che-Jung Chang
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Katie M O’Brien
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Vallée A, Ceccaldi PF, Carbonnel M, Feki A, Ayoubi JM. Pollution and endometriosis: A deep dive into the environmental impacts on women's health. BJOG 2024; 131:401-414. [PMID: 37814514 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction between pollution and endometriosis is a pressing issue that demands immediate attention. The impact of pollution, particularly air and water pollution, or occupational hazards, on hormonal disruption and the initiation of endometriosis remains a major issue. OBJECTIVES This narrative review aims to delve into the intricate connection between pollution and endometriosis, shedding light on how environmental factors contribute to the onset and severity of this disease and, thus, the possible public health policy implications. DISCUSSION Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in pollutants dysregulate the hormonal balance, contributing to the progression of this major gynaecological disorder. Air pollution, specifically PM2.5 and PAHs, has been associated with an increased risk of endometriosis by enhancing chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and hormonal imbalances. Chemical contaminants in water and work exposures, including heavy metals, dioxins, and PCBs, disrupt the hormonal regulation and potentially contribute to endometriosis. Mitigating the environmental impact of pollution is required to safeguard women's reproductive health. This requires a comprehensive approach involving stringent environmental regulations, sustainable practices, responsible waste management, research and innovation, public awareness, and collaboration among stakeholders. CONCLUSION Public health policies have a major role in addressing the interaction between pollution and endometriosis in a long-term commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Pierre-François Ceccaldi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
- Medical School, University of Versailles, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Versailles, France
| | - Marie Carbonnel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
- Medical School, University of Versailles, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Versailles, France
| | - Anis Feki
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Ayoubi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
- Medical School, University of Versailles, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Versailles, France
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Ben S, Li S, Gu D, Zhao L, Xu S, Ding Z, Chen S, Cheng Y, Xin J, Du M, Wang M. Benzo[a]pyrene exposure affects colorectal cancer susceptibility by regulating ERβ-mediated LINC02977 transcription. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 184:108443. [PMID: 38277997 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are produced through the incomplete combustion of organic material. While PAHs have been investigated as genotoxicants, they can also operate through nongenotoxic pathways in estrogen-dependent malignancies, such as breast, cervical and ovarian cancer. However, whether PAHs induce colorectal cancer (CRC) risk through estrogenic effects is still illusive. Here, we systematically investigated the abnormal expression and activation of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) regulated by PAHs in CRC as well as the underlying mechanisms of ERβ-mediated CRC risk. Based on the 300 plasma samples from CRC patients and healthy controls detected by GC-MS/MS, we found that the plasma concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) were significantly higher in CRC cases than in healthy controls, with significant estrogenic effects. Moreover, histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2)-induced deacetylation of the promoter decreases ERβ expression, which is associated with poor overall survival and advanced tumor stage. The study also revealed that BaP and estradiol (E2) had different carcinogenic effects, with BaP promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis, while E2 had the opposite effects. Additionally, this study mapped ERβ genomic binding regions by performing ChIP-seq and ATAC-seq and identified genetic variants of rs1411680 and its high linkage disequilibrium SNP rs6477937, which were significantly associated with CRC risk through meta-analysis of two independent Chinese population genome-wide association studies comprising 2,248 cases and 3,173 controls and then validation in a large-scale European population. By integrating data from functional genomics, we validated the regulatory effect of rs6477937 as an ERβ binding-disrupting SNP that mediated allele-specific expression of LINC02977 in a long-range chromosomal interaction manner, which was found to be highly expressed in CRC tissues. Overall, this study suggests that the different active effects on ERβ by PAHs and endogenous E2 may play a crucial role in the development and progression of CRC and highlights the potential of targeting ERβ and its downstream targets for CRC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Ben
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Shuwei Li
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Dongying Gu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingyan Zhao
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Shenya Xu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhutao Ding
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Silu Chen
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yifei Cheng
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Junyi Xin
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mulong Du
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215008, China.
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Nilén G, Larsson M, Hyötyläinen T, Keiter SH. A complex mixture of polycyclic aromatic compounds causes embryotoxic, behavioral, and molecular effects in zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio), and in vitro bioassays. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167307. [PMID: 37804991 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) are prevalent in the environment, typically found in complex mixtures and high concentrations. Our understanding of the effects of PACs, excluding the 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (16 PAHs), remains limited. Zebrafish embryos and in vitro bioassays were utilized to investigate the embryotoxic, behavioral, and molecular effects of a soil sample from a former gasworks site in Sweden. Additionally, targeted chemical analysis was conducted to analyze 87 PACs in the soil, fish, water, and plate material. CALUX® assays were used to assess the activation of aryl hydrocarbon and estrogen receptors, as well as the inhibition of the androgen receptor. Larval behavior was measured by analyzing activity during light and darkness and in response to mechanical stimulation. Furthermore, qPCR analyses were performed on a subset of 36 genes associated with specific adverse outcomes, and the total lipid content in the larvae was measured. Exposure to the sample resulted in embryotoxic effects (LC50 = 0.480 mg dry matter soil/mL water). The mixture also induced hyperactivity in darkness and hypoactivity in light and in response to the mechanical stimulus. qPCR analysis revealed differential regulation of 15 genes, including downregulation of opn1sw1 (eye pigmentation) and upregulation of fpgs (heart failure). The sample caused significant responses in three bioassays (ERα-, DR-, and PAH-CALUX), and the exposed larvae exhibited elevated lipid levels. Chemical analysis identified benzo[a]pyrene as the predominant compound in the soil and approximately half of the total PAC concentration was attributed to the 16 PAHs. This study highlights the value of combining in vitro and in vivo methods with chemical analysis to assess toxic mechanisms at specific targets and to elucidate the possible interactions between various pathways in an organism. It also enhances our understanding of the risks associated with environmental mixtures of PACs and their distribution during toxicity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Nilén
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre (MTM), School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, S-701 82 Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Maria Larsson
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre (MTM), School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, S-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre (MTM), School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, S-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Steffen H Keiter
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre (MTM), School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, S-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
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Reddy Ramireddy VS, Kurakula R, Velayudhaperumal Chellam P, James A, van Hullebusch ED. Systematic computational toxicity analysis of the ozonolytic degraded compounds of azo dyes: Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and adverse outcome pathway (AOP) based approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116142. [PMID: 37217122 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The present study identifies and analyses the degraded products of three azo dyes (Reactive Orange 16, Reactive Red 120, and Direct Red 80) and proffers their in silico toxicity predictions. In our previously published work, the synthetic dye effluents were degraded using an ozonolysis-based Advanced Oxidation Process. In the present study, the degraded products of the three dyes were analysed using GC-MS at endpoint strategy and further subjected to in silico toxicity analysis using Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (TEST), Prediction Of TOXicity of chemicals (ProTox-II), and Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI Suite). Several physiological toxicity endpoints, such as hepatotoxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, cellular and molecular interactions, were considered to assess the Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) and adverse outcome pathways. The environmental fate of the by-products in terms of their biodegradability and possible bioaccumulation was also assessed. Results of ProTox-II suggested that the azo dye degradation products are carcinogenic, immunotoxic, and cytotoxic and displayed toxicity towards Androgen Receptor and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential. TEST results predicted LC50 and IGC50 values for three organisms Tetrahymena pyriformis, Daphnia magna, and Pimephales promelas. EPISUITE software via the BCFBAF module surmises that the degradation products' bioaccumulation (BAF) and bioconcentration factors (BCF) are high. The cumulative inference of the results suggests that most degradation by-products are toxic and need further remediation strategies. The study aims to complement existing tests to predict toxicity and prioritise the elimination/reduction of harmful degradation products of primary treatment procedures. The novelty of this study is that it streamlines in silico approaches to predict the nature of toxicity of degradation by-products of toxic industrial affluents like azo dyes. These approaches can assist the first phase of toxicology assessments for any pollutant for regulatory decision-making bodies to chalk out appropriate action plans for their remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rakshitha Kurakula
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Anina James
- Department of Zoology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, New Delhi, India.
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Cocci P, Mosconi G, Palermo FA. Effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on homeobox gene expression during embryonic development of cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 325:138315. [PMID: 36889469 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) commonly found in marine environments. Their bioaccumulation can cause harm to aquatic organisms, including invertebrates, particularly during the early stages of embryonic development. In this study, we evaluated, for the first time, the patterns of PAH accumulation in both capsule and embryo of common cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis). In addition, we explored the effects of PAHs by analysing the expression profiles of seven homeobox genes [i.e., gastrulation brain homeobox (GBX), paralogy group labial/Hox1 (HOX1), paralogy group Hox3 (HOX3), dorsal root ganglia homeobox (DRGX), visual system homeobox (VSX), aristaless-like homeobox (ARX) and LIM-homeodomain transcription factor (LHX3/4)]. We found that PAH levels in egg capsules were higher than those observed in chorion membranes (35.1 ± 13.3 ng/g vs 16.4 ± 5.9 ng/g). Furthermore, PAHs were also found in perivitellin fluid (11.5 ± 5.0 ng/ml). Naphthalene and acenaphthene were the congeners present at highest concentrations in each analysed egg component suggesting higher bioaccumulation rates. Embryos with high concentrations of PAHs also showed a significant increase in mRNA expression for each of the analysed homeobox genes. In particular, we observed a 15-fold increase in the ARX expression levels. Additionally, the statistically significant variation in homeobox gene expression patterns was accompanied by a concomitant increase in mRNA levels of both aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and estrogen receptor (ER). These findings suggest that bioaccumulation of PAHs may modulate developmental processes of cuttlefish embryos by targeting homeobox gene-mediated transcriptional outcomes. Mechanisms underlying the upregulation of homeobox genes could be related to the ability of PAHs to directly activate AhR- or ER-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Cocci
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, I-62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Gilberto Mosconi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, I-62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Francesco Alessandro Palermo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, I-62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
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Zhang J. Hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons possess inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase: An in vitro study using multispectroscopic techniques and molecular docking. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 291:122366. [PMID: 36689906 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-glucosidase (GAA) activity can be affected by exogenous substances. Hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) are typical metabolites of PAHs that can enter the body through various routes. The effects of 1-hydroxynaphthalene (1-OHNap) and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHPyr) on GAA activity and the potential mechanisms were investigated viamultispectroscopic methods and molecular docking. First-order derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry was successfully applied to analyze the fluorescence quenching of GAA in the GAA-1-OHNap and GAA-1-OHPyr systems. 1-OHNap and 1-OHPyr had strong inhibitory effects on GAA activity. GAA could bind with 1-OHNap and 1-OHPyr in 1:1 mode with binding constants of 3.97 × 104 and 9.42 × 104 L/mol at 298 K. Hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds played pivotal roles in the interactions. 1-OHNap was located closer to the active site of GAA than 1-OHPyr. This work suggests that the disturbance of glycometabolism by exogenous pollutants in the human body is worthy of attention and further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Estuarine Ecological Security and Environmental Health (Fujian Province University), Tan Kah Kee College, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363105, PR China.
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Zhu X, Meng Y, Ju Y, Yang Y, Zhang S, Miao L, Liu Z. Association of the urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with sex hormones stratified by menopausal status older than 20 years: a mixture analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:57717-57727. [PMID: 36971937 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26099-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We examined the relationships between exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) metabolites and sex hormones in pre- and postmenopausal women from the 2013-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The study comprised 648 premenopausal and 370 postmenopausal women (aged 20 years or older) with comprehensive data on PAH metabolites and sex steroid hormones. To evaluate the correlations between individual or mixture of the PAH metabolites and sex hormones stratified by menopausal status, we used linear regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). After controlling for confounders, 1-Hydroxynaphthalene (1-NAP) was inversely associated with total testosterone (TT), and 1-NAP, 3-Hydroxyfluorene (3-FLU), and 2-Hydroxyfluorene (2-FLU) were inversely associated with estradiol (E2). 3-FLU was positively associated with sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and TT/E2, whereas 1-NAP and 2-FLU were inversely associated with free androgen index (FAI). In the BKMR analyses, chemical combination concentrations at or above the 55th percentile were inversely connected to E2, TT, and FAI values but positively correlated with SHBG when compared with the matching 50th percentile. In addition, we only found that mixed exposure to PAHs was positively associated with TT and SHBG in premenopausal women. Exposure to PAH metabolites, either alone or as a mixture, was negatively associated with E2, TT, FAI, and TT/E2 but positively associated with SHBG. These associations were stronger among postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihui Zhu
- Department of Perinatal Center, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang/Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yancen Meng
- Department of Perinatal Center, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang/Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yaru Ju
- Department of Perinatal Center, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang/Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanjing Yang
- Department of Perinatal Center, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang/Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Su'e Zhang
- Department of Perinatal Center, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang/Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liye Miao
- Department of Perinatal Center, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang/Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhan Liu
- Department of Perinatal Center, The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang/Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Loftus CT, Szpiro AA, Workman T, Wallace ER, Hazlehurst MF, Day DB, Ni Y, Carroll KN, Adgent MA, Moore PE, Barrett ES, Nguyen RHN, Kannan K, Robinson M, Masterson EE, Tylavsky FA, Bush NR, LeWinn KZ, Sathyanarayana S, Karr CJ. Maternal exposure to urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in pregnancy and childhood asthma in a pooled multi-cohort study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 170:107494. [PMID: 36279735 PMCID: PMC9810359 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) may increase risk of pediatric asthma, but existing human studies are limited. OBJECTIVES We estimated associations between gestational PAHs and pediatric asthma in a diverse US sample and evaluated effect modification by child sex, maternal asthma, and prenatal vitamin D status. METHODS We pooled two prospective pregnancy cohorts in the ECHO PATHWAYS Consortium, CANDLE and TIDES, for an analytic sample of N = 1296 mother-child dyads. Mono-hydroxylated PAH metabolites (OH-PAHs) were measured in mid-pregnancy urine. Mothers completed the International Study on Allergies and Asthma in Childhood survey at child age 4-6 years. Poisson regression with robust standard errors was used to estimate relative risk of current wheeze, current asthma, ever asthma, and strict asthma associated with each metabolite, adjusted for potential confounders. We used interaction models to assess effect modification. We explored associations between OH-PAH mixtures and outcomes using logistic weighted quantile sum regression augmented by a permutation test to control Type 1 errors. RESULTS The sociodemographically diverse sample spanned five cities. Mean (SD) child age at assessment was 4.4 (0.4) years. While there was little evidence that either individual OH-PAHs or mixtures were associated with outcomes, we observed effect modification by child sex for most pairs of OH-PAHs and outcomes, with adverse associations specific to females. For example, a 2-fold increase in 2-hydroxy-phenanthrene was associated with current asthma in females but not males (RRfemale = 1.29 [95 % CI: 1.09, 1.52], RRmale = 0.95 [95 % CI: 0.79, 1.13]; pinteraction = 0.004). There was no consistent evidence of modification by vitamin D status or maternal asthma. DISCUSSION This analysis, the largest cohort study of gestational PAH exposure and childhood asthma to date, suggests adverse associations for females only. These preliminary findings are consistent with hypothesized endocrine disruption properties of PAHs, which may lead to sexually dimorphic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine T Loftus
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Adam A Szpiro
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tomomi Workman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Erin R Wallace
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marnie F Hazlehurst
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Drew B Day
- Department of Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yu Ni
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kecia N Carroll
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Environmental Medicine & Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret A Adgent
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Paul E Moore
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Emily S Barrett
- Department of Epidemiology, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Ruby H N Nguyen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Morgan Robinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Erin E Masterson
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Frances A Tylavsky
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nicole R Bush
- Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kaja Z LeWinn
- Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Catherine J Karr
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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11
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Peng FJ, Palazzi P, Viguié C, Appenzeller BMR. Measurement of hair thyroid and steroid hormone concentrations in the rat evidence endocrine disrupting potential of a low dose mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:120179. [PMID: 36116566 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been shown to influence endogenous hormones levels in animal models, but little is known about the effects of their mixtures. For hormone measurements, hair analysis is a promising approach to provide information on long-term status of hormones. Herein we used hair analysis to assess the combined effects of 13 PAHs on steroid and thyroid hormones levels in a rat model. The PAH mixture was administered orally three times per week to female rats at doses of 0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 200, 400 and 800 μg/kg of body weight for each compound over a 90-day exposure period. Fourteen out of 36 analyzed hormones were detected in rat hair, including pregnenolone (P5), 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP4), corticosterone (CORT), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstenedione (AD), 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine (T2), 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3), and 3,5,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T4). The PAH mixture significantly elevated P5 and DHEA levels at the doses of 200 and 400 μg/kg but reduced T2 and T3 levels at the highest dose as compared to the control. While P5, DHEA, 17-OHP4 and AD concentrations exhibited inverted U-shaped dose responses, T2, T3 and T4 concentrations exhibited inverse linear dose responses, which are further confirmed by their relationships with hair hydroxylated PAHs (OH-PAHs) concentrations. Likewise, there were significant nonmonotonic relationships of hormone molar ratios (e.g., AD/17-OHP4 and DHEA/CORT ratios) with exposure intensity and OH-PAHs. Overall, our results demonstrate the capability of PAH mixtures to interfere with steroid and thyroid hormones in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jiao Peng
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B Rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Paul Palazzi
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B Rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Catherine Viguié
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31300, Toulouse, France
| | - Brice M R Appenzeller
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B Rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg.
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12
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Fang B, Bravo MA, Wang H, Sheng L, Wu W, Zhou Y, Xi X, Østbye T, Liu Q. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are associated with later puberty in girls: A longitudinal study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157497. [PMID: 35868395 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to explore associations between PAH exposures and puberty timing in girls. Beginning in May 2014, 734 girls age 7.2-11.8 years in Chongqing, China, were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. They were followed up every 6 months from enrollment through June 2021, at which point participants were ages 13.6-18.3 years. Metabolite concentrations of four PAHs (1-hydroxypyrene [1-OHPyr], 2-hydroxynaphthalene [2-OHNap], 2-hydroxyfluorine [2-OHFlu], and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene [9-OHPhe]) were measured in urine samples at baseline. At each follow up visit, the Tanner's Sexual Maturity Rating scale was administered. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate associations between four urinary PAH metabolite concentrations and four markers of puberty: menarche, breast development, pubic hair development, and axillary hair development. Geometric mean concentrations of 1-OHPyr, 2-OHNap, 2-OHFlu and 9-OHPhe in urine were 0.47 μg/L, 3.31 μg/L, 1.49 μg/L, 3.75 μg/L, respectively. There were statistically significant associations between several urinary PAH metabolite concentrations and puberty outcomes. PAH metabolite concentrations were grouped as Low (<25th percentile, referent group), Moderate (25th-75th percentile) or High (>75th). Girls with moderate levels of 1-OHPyr were at higher risk of delayed pubic hair development (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.82, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.68-0.99). Delayed breast development (HR: 0.77, 95 % CI: 0.60-0.99) and pubic hair development (HR: 0.76, 95 % CI: 0.60-0.95) were associated with high 2-OHNap. High c 2-OHFlu was associated with delayed pubic hair development (HR: 0.77, 95 % CI: 0.61-0.96). Delayed breast (HR: 0.79, 95 % CI: 0.64-0.97), pubic hair (HR: 0.79, 95 % CI: 0.65-0.96) and axillary hair development (HR: 0.80, 95 % CI: 0.65-0.99) was associated with moderate 9-OHPhe. In conclusion, PAH exposure may delay puberty onset in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Fang
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mercedes A Bravo
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lulu Sheng
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenyi Wu
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanke Zhou
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuan Xi
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Truls Østbye
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health and Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Qin Liu
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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13
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Desalegn AA, Collet B, Iszatt N, Stigum H, Jensen TK, Jonker L, Besselink H, van der Burg B, Eggesbø M. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activity in human breast milk and cryptorchidism: A case-control study within the prospective Norwegian HUMIS cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113861. [PMID: 35820657 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of cryptorchidism remains poorly understood. Endocrine disrupting chemicals can impact estrogen signaling by interacting with aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activity. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether AhR activity in breast milk samples is associated with cryptorchidism. METHOD We conducted a case-control study based on 199 mother-child pairs (n = 91 cases/108 controls) selected from the Norwegian Human Milk Study (2002-2009). We defined cases for cryptorchidism based on maternal reports at 1-, 6-, 12-, and 24- months after birth. Chemically- and biologically stable AhR activity (pg 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalent (TEQ)/g lipid) was determined by DR- CALUX® assay in the mothers' milk collected at a median of 33 (10th-90th percentile: 18-57) days after delivery. We used multivariate logistic regression to compare AhR activity levels between cases and controls, and linear regression separately, to establish the relationship with the presence of 27 potential EDCs measured in breast milk and AhR activity. RESULTS The average estimated daily intake (EDI) of dioxin and (dioxin-like (dl)-compounds via breast milk is 33.7 ± 17.9 pg TEQ/kg bodyweight per day among Norwegian children. There were no significant differences in AhR activation in breast milk samples between cases with cryptorchidism and controls. Among the 27 chemicals measured in breast milk, AhR activity was (borderline) significantly associated with all dl-PCBs, three non-dioxin-like (ndl)-PCBs (PCB-74, PCB-180, PCB-194) and two organochlorine pesticides (OCPs; HCB, β-HCH). No associations between AhR activity and brominated flame retardants (PBDEs) or poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). CONCLUSION No association between AhR activity and cryptorchidism was found among Norwegian boys. The average EDI of dioxin and dl-compounds in exclusively breastfed Norwegian infants remains above the safety threshold and, therefore requires further reduction measures. Consistent with a possible role in the observed AhR activity, all dl-PCBs were associated with AhR activity whereas the association was null for either PBDEs or PFASs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anteneh Assefa Desalegn
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0456, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bérénice Collet
- BioDetection Systems BV, Science Park 406, 1098XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nina Iszatt
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0456, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hein Stigum
- Department of Non-communicable Disease, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, Skøyen, 0213, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tina K Jensen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lydia Jonker
- BioDetection Systems BV, Science Park 406, 1098XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Harrie Besselink
- BioDetection Systems BV, Science Park 406, 1098XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bart van der Burg
- BioDetection Systems BV, Science Park 406, 1098XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Merete Eggesbø
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0456, Oslo, Norway.
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14
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Wang Y, Zhu L, James-Todd T, Sun Q. Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon excretion and regional body fat distribution: evidence from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2016. Environ Health 2022; 21:75. [PMID: 35945606 PMCID: PMC9364531 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00890-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental pollutants that may contribute to the etiology of obesity. However, it is unclear whether PAHs from environmental sources are associated with regional body fat distribution, and whether the association varies across racial/ethnic groups who may have differential PAH exposure patterns. OBJECTIVES To examine correlations between PAHs and body fat distribution, and potential racial/ethnic differences among U.S. adults. METHODS Ten PAHs were measured in spot urine samples from 2691 non-smoking adults (age ≥ 20 years) in the NHANES 2001-2016. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure fat mass percent (FM%). Partial Pearson correlation coefficients (r) with multivariable adjustment were used to assess PAH-FM% associations. RESULTS In the total population, 1-naphthalene, 3-fluorene, and 1-pyrene were inversely correlated with total FM% or trunk FM% (adjusted r ranged: - 0.06 to - 0.08), while 2-naphthalene, 9-fluorene, and 4-phenanthrene were positively correlated with the FM% measurements (r: 0.07-0.11). PAH levels are highest among non-Hispanic Blacks, followed by Hispanics and Whites and some of the correlations were different by these races/ethnicities. Among non-Hispanic Whites, no PAH was correlated with FM%. In contrast, 9-fluorene was positively correlated with total FM% (r = 0.20) and trunk FM% (r = 0.22) among Blacks, and 4-phenanthrene was positively correlated with total FM% (r = 0.23) and trunk FM% (r = 0.24) among Hispanics (P-interaction: 0.010-0.025). DISCUSSION In this US adult population, certain PAHs are significantly associated with higher body fat contents among non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics but not non-Hispanic Whites, suggesting that minority groups might be particularly susceptible to PAH's obesogenic effects or the effects of other factors that determine the PAH exposure levels. Alternatively, differences in body composition may contribute to differential PAH metabolism in minority groups. Future studies are warranted to explore the racial/ethnic disparity in PAH exposures, drivers of these exposure differences, and mechanisms through which PAHs may influence body composition by races/ethnicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeli Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lu Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tamarra James-Todd
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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15
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Guo H, Yu H, Feng Y, Cheng W, Li Y, Wang Y. The role of estrogen receptor β in fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) organic extract-induced pulmonary inflammation in female and male mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:60922-60932. [PMID: 35435549 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20055-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter organic extract (Po) was reported to promote inflammation in the lung. Sex differences were reported in many inflammatory diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of Po exposure on pulmonary inflammatory response and evaluated the role of sex in this process. While mice were exposed to 100 µg/m3 Po for 12 weeks by an inhalation exposure system, the lung histopathological analysis shown obvious inflammation, the cell numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were significantly increased, and most inflammatory cytokines in BALF were upregulated. The results of factorial analysis of variance shown that there was an interaction between sex and Po exposure in the inflammatory cell numbers and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-5 (IL-5), and growth-related oncogene/keratinocyte chemoattractant (GRO/KC). Notably, these changes and interactions were diminished while Po-exposed mice were administered with the estrogen receptor β (ERβ) antagonist. We speculated that sex might affect the levels of inflammatory indicators in BALF of Po-exposed mice and female mice were more prone to inflammation while exposed to Po. Moreover, ERβ was involved in these processes. To our knowledge, this is the first investigation about the role of sex in Po-induced adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqi Guo
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
- The Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, no. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengyi Yu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Feng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Cheng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
- The Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, no. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Kuang H, Zhou W, Zeng Y, Xu D, Zhu W, Lin S, Fan R. Dose makes poison: Insights into the neurotoxicity of perinatal and juvenile exposure to environmental doses of 16 priority-controlled PAHs. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 298:134201. [PMID: 35257710 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Whether chronic exposure to environmental doses of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can lead to neurotoxic effects is still unclear. Hence, the neurotoxic effects of perinatal and juvenile exposure to 16 priority-controlled PAHs were investigated. The mice were treated with 0, 0.5, 18.75, 50, 1875 μg/kg/day of PAHs corresponding to various population exposure concentrations from gestation to postnatal day 60. Urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and hippocampal and cortical neurotransmitter levels were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Typical indicators or outcome of neurotoxicity, including, spatial learning and memory ability, hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and dendritic spine density were evaluated via Morris water maze tests, electrophysiological experiments and Golgi-Cox assays, respectively. The results showed that exposure to different levels of PAH could not increase oxidative DNA damage level. Mice exposed to 0.5, 50 and 1875 μg/kg/day PAHs had significantly longer escape latency than the control group only on the 1st day (p < 0.05). The number of platform crossings and the time spent in target quadrant were similar between the control and the PAHs-exposed mice. Compared with the control mice, only those exposed to 50 μg/kg/day PAHs had significantly lower LTP in hippocampal CA1 region and dendritic spine density in hippocampal DG region (p < 0.05). Except for serotonin, no significant difference in hippocampal and cortical neurotransmitter concentrations was observed between the control and PAHs-exposed groups. Taken together, perinatal and juvenile exposure to environmental doses of PAHs had no profound effect on spatial learning and memory abilities, hippocampal LTP, dendritic spines density, and neurotransmitter levels. These unexpected findings were quite different from previous in vivo studies which commonly used 2-3 orders of magnitude higher PAHs doses to treat animals. Thus, the environmental dose is a crucial reference for future toxicological research to reveal the actual toxic mechanisms and human health effects of PAHs exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxuan Kuang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Wenji Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yingwei Zeng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Da Xu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wanqi Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shengjie Lin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Ruifang Fan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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17
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Šimečková P, Pěnčíková K, Kováč O, Slavík J, Pařenicová M, Vondráček J, Machala M. In vitro profiling of toxic effects of environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on nuclear receptor signaling, disruption of endogenous metabolism and induction of cellular stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:151967. [PMID: 34843781 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may interact with multiple intracellular receptors and related signaling pathways. We comprehensively evaluated the toxicity profiles of six environmentally relevant PAHs differing in structure, genotoxicity and their ability to activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). We focused particularly on their impact on intracellular hormone-, xenobiotic- and lipid-sensing receptors, as well as on cellular stress markers, combining a battery of human reporter gene assays and qRT-PCR evaluation of endogenous gene expression in human hepatocyte-like HepaRG cells, with LC/MS-MS analysis of cellular sphingolipids. The effects of PAHs included: activation of estrogen receptor α (in case of fluoranthene (Fla), pyrene (Pyr), benz[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)), suppression of androgen receptor activity (Fla, BaA, BaP and benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF)), enhancement of dexamethasone-induced glucocorticoid receptor activity (chrysene (Chry), BaA, and BaP), and potentiation of triiodothyronine-induced thyroid receptor α activity (all tested PAHs). PAHs also induced transcription of endogenous gene targets of constitutive androstane receptor (Fla, Pyr), or repression of target genes of pregnane X receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (in case of the AhR-activating PAHs - Chry, BaA, BaP, and BkF) in HepaRG cells. In the same cell model, the AhR agonists reduced the expression of glucose metabolism genes (PCK1, G6PC and PDK4), and they up-regulated levels of glucosylceramides, together with a concomitant induction of expression of UGCG, glucosylceramide synthesis enzyme. Finally, both BaP and BkF were found to induce expression of early stress and genotoxicity markers: ATF3, EGR1, GDF15, CDKN1A/p21, and GADD45A mRNAs, while BaP alone increased levels of IL-6 mRNA. Overall, whereas low-molecular-weight PAHs exerted significant effects on nuclear receptors (with CYP2B6 induction observed already at nanomolar concentrations), the AhR activation by 4-ring and 5-ring PAHs appeared to be a key mechanism underlying their impact on nuclear receptor signaling, endogenous metabolism and induction of early stress and genotoxicity markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlína Šimečková
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Pěnčíková
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Kováč
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Slavík
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Pařenicová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic.
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18
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Gamboa-Loira B, López-Carrillo L, Mar-Sánchez Y, Stern D, Cebrián ME. Epidemiologic evidence of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133237. [PMID: 34929281 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women. However, only 58% of cases have been associated with known risk factors (reproductive, hormonal, lifestyles, and genetic), and the rest to unknown causes. Nevertheless, growing evidence suggests that exposure to environmental contaminants is an important risk factor for BC. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are formed during organic matter combustion, including smoking, grilled meat, and fuels, and are important carcinogenic constituents of environmental pollution. We examined the information generated by epidemiological studies evaluating the association between BC and PAHs exposure from multiple sources. Our work was conducted according to Conducting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies of Etiology (COSMOS-E) guidelines. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from January 2000 to December 2019. A total of 124 records were identified, and only 23 articles met all inclusion criteria. Occupational and/or environmental exposure to PAHs was significantly associated with BC, irrespective of exposure being assessed by direct or indirect methods. CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 adverse polymorphisms, familial BC history and smoking status, significantly strengthened the association between PAHs exposure and BC, whereas high fruit and vegetable intake had antagonistic associations. The positive relationships obtained in the studies here reviewed indicated that PAHs exposure is a risk factor for BC. Research needs include the improvement of exposure assessment, particularly identification of specific PAHs, reconstruction of time-varying and distant past exposures and further studies on the interaction between known BC factors and modifiable diet and life-style factors allowing BC prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Gamboa-Loira
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Lizbeth López-Carrillo
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Yuliana Mar-Sánchez
- CINVESTAV Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico.
| | - Dalia Stern
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Mariano E Cebrián
- CINVESTAV Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico.
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19
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Shuliakevich A, Schroeder K, Nagengast L, Wolf Y, Brückner I, Muz M, Behnisch PA, Hollert H, Schiwy S. Extensive rain events have a more substantial impact than advanced effluent treatment on the endocrine-disrupting activity in an effluent-dominated small river. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150887. [PMID: 34634343 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) remain an important primary source of emission for endocrine-disrupting compounds in the environment. As an advanced wastewater treatment process, ozonation is known to reduce endocrine-disrupting activity. However, it remains unclear to which extend improved wastewater treatment may reduce the endocrine-disrupting activity in the receiving water body. The present study investigated possible factors for the endocrine-disrupting activity in a small receiving water body, the Wurm River (North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany), up- and downstream of a local WWTP. The cell-based reporter gene CALUX® assay was applied to identify the endocrine-disrupting activity in the water, sediment, and suspended particulate matter. The water phase and the effluent sampling were primarily driven by applying the full-scale effluent ozonation (sampling campaigns in June 2017 and March 2019). In contrast, the sediment sampling aimed to compare the particle-bound endocrine-disrupting activity during dry (June 2017) and rainy summer (June 2018) seasons. The water phase showed low to moderate estrogenic/antiandrogenic activity. Advanced effluent treatment by ozonation led to a complete reduction of the endocrine-disrupting activity according to the limit of detection of the CALUX® assays. The suspended particulate matter originated from the water phase of the second sampling campaign revealed antiandrogenic activity only. Sediments at the sampling sites along the local WWTP revealed higher estrogenic and antiandrogenic activity after extensive rain events and were not affected by the ozonated effluent. Fluctuation patterns of the endocrine-disrupting activity in sediments were in line with fluctuated concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Rainwater overflow basin release was suggested as a vector for particle-bound and dissolved endocrine-disrupting activity in the receiving water body. The present study underlined the necessity for monitoring both water and sediment phases to achieve reliable profiling of the endocrine-disrupting activity. The receptor-mediated CALUX® assays were proven to be suitable for investigating the endocrine-disrupting activity distribution in different river compartments and WWTP effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaksandra Shuliakevich
- Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Department Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 13, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Katja Schroeder
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Biology V, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Laura Nagengast
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Biology V, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yvonne Wolf
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Biology V, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ira Brückner
- Eifel-Rur Waterboard (WVER), Eisenbahnstr. 5, 52354 Düren, Germany
| | - Melis Muz
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter A Behnisch
- BioDetection Systems B.V. (BDS), Science Park 406, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henner Hollert
- Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Department Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 13, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Sabrina Schiwy
- Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Department Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 13, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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20
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Černá T, Ezechiáš M, Semerád J, Grasserová A, Cajthaml T. Evaluation of estrogenic and antiestrogenic activity in sludge and explanation of individual compound contributions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127108. [PMID: 34523467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mixture toxicity, including agonistic and antagonistic effects, is an unrevealed environmental problem. Estrogenic endocrine disruptors are known to cause adverse effects for aquatic biota, but causative chemicals and their contributions to the total activity in sewage sludge remain unknown. Therefore, advanced analytical methods, a yeast bioassay and mixture toxicity models were concurrently applied for the characterization of 8 selected sludges with delectable estrogenic activity (and 3 sludges with no activity as blanks) out of 25 samples from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The first applied full logistic model adequately explained total activity by considering the concentrations of the monitored compounds. The results showed that the activity was primarily caused by natural estrogens in municipal WWTP sludge. Nevertheless, activity in a sample originating from a car-wash facility was dominantly caused by partial agonists - nonylphenols - and only a model enabling prediction of all dose-response curve parameters of the final mixture curve explained these results. Antiestrogenic effects were negligible, and effect-directed analysis identified the causative chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Černá
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Ezechiáš
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Semerád
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Grasserová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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21
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Thomas PJ, Eickmeyer DC, Eccles KM, Kimpe LE, Felzel E, Brouwer A, Letcher RJ, Maclean BD, Chan LHM, Blais JM. Paleotoxicity of petrogenic and pyrogenic hydrocarbon mixtures in sediment cores from the Athabasca oil sands region, Alberta (Canada). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118271. [PMID: 34627963 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the economic benefits of the oil and gas industry in Northern Alberta, significant concerns exist regarding the impacts of increased oil production on the environment and human health. Several studies have highlighted increases in the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and other hydrocarbons in the atmosphere, water, soil and sediments, plants, wildlife and fish in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region (AOSR) as a result of oil sands industrial activity. Sediment cores can provide information on the temporal trends of contaminants to the environment and provide important baseline information when monitoring data are absent. Here we combined analytical chemistry and a mammalian cell-based bioassay in dated lake sediment cores to assess paleotoxicity in freshwater systems in the AOSR. Sediment intervals were radiometrically dated and subsequently analysed for PACs. PAC extracts from select dated intervals were used in cell-based bioassays to evaluate their endocrine disrupting properties. We demonstrated spatial and temporal variability in the PAC composition of sediment cores around the AOSR with some of the highest concentrations of PACs detected near oil sands industrial activity north of Fort McMurray (AB) in La Saline Natural Area. Recent sediment had positive enrichment factors across most PAC analytes at this site with heavier pyrogenic compounds such as benz(a)anthracene/chrysene and benzofluoranthene/benzopyrene dominating. Our study is the first to link chemical analysis of sediment cores with biological effect assessments of endocrine activity showing feasibility of extending the usefulness of sediment cores in monitoring programs interested in complex mixture assessments. While we observed no spatial or temporal differences in ERα mediated signaling, AhR CALUX results mirrored those of the chemical analysis, demonstrating the utility of coupling biological effects assessments to historical reconstructions of contaminant inputs to the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe J Thomas
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Center, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Raven Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0H3, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - David C Eickmeyer
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Kristin M Eccles
- Department of Geography, Geomatics and Environment, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Linda E Kimpe
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Emiel Felzel
- BioDetection Systems, Science Park 406, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Abraham Brouwer
- BioDetection Systems, Science Park 406, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert J Letcher
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Center, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Raven Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Bruce D Maclean
- Maclean Environmental Consulting (for Mikisew Cree First Nation), 812 Jubilee Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3L 1P9, Canada
| | - Laurie H M Chan
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jules M Blais
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
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22
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Hsiao H, Annamalai P, Jayakumar J, Sun S, Chuang S. Synthesis of Fluorescent 4‐Azapyrenes by Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Dual C−H Bond Activation and Annulation. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan‐Chang Hsiao
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Pratheepkumar Annamalai
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Jayachandran Jayakumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Shang‐You Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Shih‐Ching Chuang
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
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23
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Harraka GT, Magnuson JT, Du B, Wong CS, Maruya K, Schlenk D. Evaluating the estrogenicity of an effluent-dominated river in California, USA: Comparisons of in vitro and in vivo bioassays. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143965. [PMID: 33321365 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Estrogenically active compounds (EACs) in surface waters can disrupt the endocrine system of biota, raising concern for aquatic species. Concentrations of EACs are generally higher in effluent-dominated aquatic systems, such as California's Santa Ana River (SAR). Addressing estrogenicity of effluent-dominated waters is increasingly important due to both increasing urbanization and climate change. To this end, water samples were collected from multiple sites downstream of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and intermittent points along the SAR during 2018-2019 and cell-based bioassays were used to determine estrogen receptor activity. During baseflow conditions, the highest estradiol equivalencies (EEQs) from all SAR water between summer (August and September) and fall (November) sampling events in 2018 were from Yorba Linda (EEQ = 1.36 ± 0.38 ng/L) and Prado (1.14 ± 0.13 ng/L), respectively. Water extracts in January 2019 following a major rainfall generally had higher EEQs with the highest EEQ of 10.0 ± 0.69 ng/L observed at Yorba Linda. During low flow conditions in November 2018, male Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) fish were exposed to SAR water to compare to cell bioassay responses and targeted analytical chemistry for 5 steroidal estrogens. Chemical-based EEQ correlations with in vitro EEQs were statistically significant. However, vitellogenin (vtg) mRNA expression in the livers of medaka exposed to SAR water was not significantly different compared to controls. These results indicate that seasonal variation and surface water runoff events influence estrogenic activity in the SAR and may induce estrogenic effects to native fish populations in wastewater-dominated streams in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary T Harraka
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Jason T Magnuson
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
| | - Bowen Du
- Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Authority, Costa Mesa, CA, USA
| | - Charles S Wong
- Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Authority, Costa Mesa, CA, USA
| | - Keith Maruya
- Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Authority, Costa Mesa, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA; Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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24
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Sørhus E, Donald CE, da Silva D, Thorsen A, Karlsen Ø, Meier S. Untangling mechanisms of crude oil toxicity: Linking gene expression, morphology and PAHs at two developmental stages in a cold-water fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 757:143896. [PMID: 33316527 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Early life stages of fish are highly sensitive to crude oil exposure and thus, short term exposures during critical developmental periods could have detrimental consequences for juvenile survival. Here we administered crude oil to Atlantic haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) in short term (3-day) exposures at two developmental time periods: before first heartbeat, from gastrulation to cardiac cone stage (early), and from first heartbeat to one day before hatching (late). A frequent sampling regime enabled us to determine immediate PAH uptake, metabolite formation and gene expression changes. In general, the embryotoxic consequences of an oil exposure were more severe in the early exposure animals. Oil droplets on the eggshell resulted in severe cardiac and craniofacial abnormalities in the highest treatments. Gene expression changes of Cytochrome 1 a, b, c and d (cyp1a, b, c, d), Bone morphogenetic protein 10 (bmp10), ABC transporter b1 (abcb1) and Rh-associated G-protein (rhag) were linked to PAH uptake, occurrence of metabolites of phenanthrene and developmental and functional abnormalities. We detected circulation-independent, oil-induced gene expression changes and separated phenotypes linked to proliferation, growth and disruption of formation events at early and late developmental stages. Changes in bmp10 expression suggest a direct oil-induced effect on calcium homeostasis. Localized expression of rhag propose an impact on osmoregulation. Severe eye abnormalities were linked to possible inappropriate overexpression of cyp1b in the eyes. This study gives an increased knowledge about developmentally dependent effects of crude oil toxicity. Thus, our findings provide more knowledge and detail to new and several existing adverse outcome pathways of crude oil toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Sørhus
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway.
| | | | - Denis da Silva
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NOAA), 2725 Montlake Blvd. East, Seattle, WA 98112-2097, USA
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25
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Mertens B, Van Heyst A, Demaegdt H, Boonen I, Van Den Houwe K, Goscinny S, Elskens M, Van Hoeck E. Assessment of hazards and risks associated with dietary exposure to mineral oil for the Belgian population. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 149:112034. [PMID: 33529678 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently collected dietary exposure data on mineral oil saturated (MOSH) and aromatic (MOAH) hydrocarbons were used to evaluate the risks associated with exposure to mineral oil through food for the Belgian population. For MOSH, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) value of 19 mg kg-1 bw day-1 based on the hepatic inflammation-associated granulomas found in a 90-day oral study in F-344 rats was used as point of departure (PoD). Due to existing toxicological uncertainties, the margin of exposure (MOE) approach was applied. In all investigated scenarios, the MOE values were well above 100, indicating that there is no direct health concern related to MOSH exposure for the Belgian population. Nevertheless, more appropriate risk assessment approaches for MOSH based on adequate PoD are needed. For dietary exposure to MOAH, which are potentially genotoxic and carcinogenic, no MOE values could be calculated due to the lack of adequate dose-response carcinogenicity data. In two investigated worst-case scenarios, a health concern related to MOAH exposure could not be excluded, highlighting that more data are needed to perform an adequate risk assessment. The possibility to use in vitro bioassays to collect such additional toxicological information for MOAH present in food samples was also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Mertens
- Sciensano, SD Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Brussels, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | | | - Heidi Demaegdt
- Sciensano, SD Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Imke Boonen
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Analytical and Geochemistry, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Marc Elskens
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Analytical and Geochemistry, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Els Van Hoeck
- Sciensano, SD Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Brussels, Belgium
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26
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Lichtiger L, Rivera J, Sahay D, Miller RL. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Mammary Cancer Risk: Does Obesity Matter too? JOURNAL OF CANCER IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 3:154-162. [PMID: 34734210 PMCID: PMC8561337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer risk remains incompletely explained, and higher incidence rates of breast cancer over recent times and in urban and industrialized areas suggest environmental causes. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are ubiquitous in the environment and epidemiological and rodent studies have shown associations between exposure to PAH and breast cancer incidence as well as mammary tumorigenesis. In addition, in vitro and rodent studies have implicated alterations in estrogen receptor alpha (Erα) signaling pathways following PAH exposure in limited experimental studies. However, our understanding of these mechanisms is incomplete. Sahay et al. addressed this gap by examining the effect of PAH exposure on epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of genes in the Erα pathway in a mouse cohort exposed to aerosolized PAH at proportions measured in urban air. In addition to alterations in the Erα signaling pathway in the pregnant mice and in their offspring and grandoffspring, the investigators observed higher body weights in mice exposed to PAH compared to the control. Given that associations between mammary tissue adiposity, systemic adiposity, and breast cancer risk have been observed previously, the finding of higher body weight in the PAH exposure group raises the possibility that body weight might influence the association between PAH exposure and breast cancer risk. Along with new analyses, we discuss the possibility that body weight may modify the association between PAH exposure, mammary cellular proliferation, and mammary gland ductal hyperplasia in offspring and grandoffspring mice and future research that may be needed to delineate these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rachel L. Miller
- Correspondence should be addressed to Rachel L. Miller MD, FAAAAI;
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27
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Gearhart-Serna LM, Davis JB, Jolly MK, Jayasundara N, Sauer SJ, Di Giulio RT, Devi GR. A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-enriched environmental chemical mixture enhances AhR, antiapoptotic signaling and a proliferative phenotype in breast cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:1648-1659. [PMID: 32747956 PMCID: PMC7791619 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests the role of environmental chemicals, in particular endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), in progression of breast cancer and treatment resistance, which can impact survival outcomes. However, most research tends to focus on tumor etiology and the effect of single chemicals, offering little insight into the effects of realistic complex mixture exposures on tumor progression. Herein, we investigated the effect of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-enriched EDC mixture in a panel of normal and breast cancer cells and in a tumor organoid model. Cells or organoids in culture were treated with EDC mixture at doses estimated from US adult intake of the top four PAH compounds within the mixture from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. We demonstrate that low-dose PAH mixture (6, 30 and 300 nM) increased aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression and CYP activity in estrogen receptor (ER) positive but not normal mammary or ER-negative breast cancer cells, and that upregulated AhR signaling corresponded with increased cell proliferation and expression of antiapoptotic and antioxidant proteins XIAP and SOD1. We employed a mathematical model to validate PAH-mediated increases in AhR and XIAP expression in the MCF-7 ER-positive cell line. Furthermore, the PAH mixture caused significant growth increases in ER-negative breast cancer cell derived 3D tumor organoids, providing further evidence for the role of a natural-derived PAH mixture in enhancing a tumor proliferative phenotype. Together, our integrated cell signaling, computational and phenotype analysis reveals the underlying mechanisms of EDC mixtures in breast cancer progression and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa M Gearhart-Serna
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Durham, NC, USA
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John B Davis
- Department of Biology, Trinity School of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nishad Jayasundara
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Durham, NC, USA
- School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Scott J Sauer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Gayathri R Devi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Durham, NC, USA
- Women’s Cancer Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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28
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Chang Y, Huynh CTT, Bastin KM, Rivera BN, Siddens LK, Tilton SC. Classifying polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by carcinogenic potency using in vitro biosignatures. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 69:104991. [PMID: 32890658 PMCID: PMC7572825 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
One of the most difficult challenges for risk assessment is evaluation of chemicals that predominately co-occur in mixtures like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We previously developed a classification model in which systems biology data collected from mice short-term after chemical exposure accurately predict tumor outcome. The present study demonstrates translation of this approach into a human in vitro model in which chemical-specific bioactivity profiles from 3D human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) classify PAHs by carcinogenic potency. Gene expression profiles were analyzed from HBEC exposed to carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic PAHs and classification accuracies were identified for individual pathway-based gene sets. Posterior probabilities of best performing gene sets were combined via Bayesian integration resulting in a classifier with four gene sets, including aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling, regulation of epithelial mesenchymal transition, regulation of angiogenesis, and cell cycle G2-M. In addition, transcriptional benchmark dose modeling of benzo[a]pyrene (BAP) showed that the most sensitive gene sets to BAP regulation were largely dissimilar from those that best classified PAH carcinogenicity challenging current assumptions that BAP carcinogenicity (and subsequent mode of action) is reflective of overall PAH carcinogenicity. These results illustrate utility of using systems toxicology approaches to analyze global gene expression towards carcinogenic hazard assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Chang
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Celine Thanh Thu Huynh
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Kelley M Bastin
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Brianna N Rivera
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Lisbeth K Siddens
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Susan C Tilton
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
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29
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Vondráček J, Pěnčíková K, Ciganek M, Pivnička J, Karasová M, Hýžďalová M, Strapáčová S, Pálková L, Neča J, Matthews J, Lom MV, Topinka J, Milcová A, Machala M. Environmental six-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are potent inducers of the AhR-dependent signaling in human cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115125. [PMID: 32679438 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The toxicities of many environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in particular those of high-molecular-weight PAHs (with MW higher than 300), remain poorly characterized. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of selected environmentally relevant PAHs with MW 302 (MW302 PAHs) to activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), since this represents a major toxic mode of action of PAHs. A large number of the evaluated compounds exhibited strong AhR-mediated activities, in particular in human models. The studied MW302 PAHs also significantly contributed to the overall calculated AhR activities of complex environmental mixtures, including both defined standard reference materials and collected diesel exhaust particles. The high AhR-mediated activities of representative MW302 PAHs, e.g. naphtho[1,2-k]fluoranthene, corresponded with the modulation of expression of relevant AhR target genes in a human lung cell model, or with the AhR-dependent suppression of cell cycle progression/proliferation in estrogen-sensitive cells. This was in a marked contrast with the limited genotoxicity of the same compound(s). Given the substantial levels of the AhR-activating MW302 PAHs in combustion particles, it seems important to continue to investigate the toxic modes of action of this large group of PAHs associated with airborne particulate matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Kateřina Pěnčíková
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Ciganek
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Pivnička
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Karasová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Hýžďalová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Strapáčová
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Pálková
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Neča
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jason Matthews
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372 Oslo, Norway; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, M5S 1A8 Toronto, Canada
| | - Michal Vojtíšek Lom
- Center for Sustainable Mobility, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technická 4, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Milcová
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
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30
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Niehoff NM, Keil AP, Jones RR, Fan S, Gierach GL, White AJ. Outdoor air pollution and terminal duct lobular involution of the normal breast. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:100. [PMID: 32972455 PMCID: PMC7513536 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-01339-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to certain outdoor air pollutants may be associated with a higher risk of breast cancer, though potential underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We examined whether outdoor air pollution was associated with involution of terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs), the histologic site where most cancers arise and an intermediate marker of breast cancer risk. Methods Pathologist-enumerated TDLUs were assessed in H&E (hematoxylin and eosin)-stained breast tissue sections from 1904 US women ages 18–75 who donated to the Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank (2009–2012). The 2009 annual fine particulate matter < 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) total mass (μg/m3) at each woman’s residential address was estimated from the Environmental Protection Agency’s Downscaler Model combining Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) System modeling with air quality monitoring data. We secondarily considered CMAQ-modeled components of PM2.5 and gaseous pollutants. We used K-means clustering to identify groups of individuals with similar levels of PM2.5 components, selecting groups via cluster stability analysis. Relative rates (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the association between air pollutants and TDLU counts were estimated from a zero-inflated negative binomial regression model adjusted for potential confounders. Results PM2.5 total mass was associated with higher TDLU counts among all women (interquartile range (IQR) increase, RR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01–1.11). This association was evident among both premenopausal and postmenopausal women (premenopausal RR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00–1.11; postmenopausal RR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.00–1.23). We identified 3 groups corresponding to clusters that varied geographically and roughly represented high, medium, and low levels of PM2.5 components relative to population mean levels. Compared to the cluster with low levels, the clusters with both high (RR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.08–2.80) and medium (RR = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.13–2.93) levels were associated with higher TDLU counts; although not significantly different, the magnitude of the associations was stronger among postmenopausal women. Conclusions Higher PM2.5 levels were associated with reduced TDLU involution as measured by TDLU counts. Air pollution exposure may influence the histologic characteristics of normal tissue which could in turn affect breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Niehoff
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
| | - Alexander P Keil
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shaoqi Fan
- Integrative Tumor Biology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gretchen L Gierach
- Integrative Tumor Biology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
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31
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Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in relation to anthropometric measures and pubertal development in a cohort of Northern California girls. Environ Epidemiol 2020; 4:e0102. [PMID: 32832841 PMCID: PMC7423521 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of ubiquitous, environmental chemicals that may have endocrine disrupting capabilities. We investigated whether childhood exposure to PAHs was associated with adiposity and pubertal timing in a longitudinal study of 404 girls enrolled in the Northern California site of the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program cohort.
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32
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Assessing the receptor-mediated activity of PAHs using AhR-, ERα- and PPARγ- CALUX bioassays. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 145:111602. [PMID: 32738369 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are a complex group of organic compounds, consisting of at least three fused aromatic rings, which are formed during combustion of organic matter. While some PAHs have been reported to have carcinogenic and/or mutagenic properties, another possible negative health impact is their endocrine disrupting potential. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine both the agonistic and antagonistic endocrine activity of 9 environmentally relevant PAHs using three different CALUX bioassays: The AhR-CALUX, The ERα-CALUX and PPARγ-CALUX. For the PPARγ-CALUX anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene and fluorene showed weak agonistic activity, whilst benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) was the only one exhibiting weak antagonistic activity. For the AhR-CALUX, chrysene was the only PAH that showed relatively strong agonist activity (except for B(a)P which was used as a standard). Pyrene, anthracene and fluoranthene showed weak AhR agonist activity. In the ERα-CALUX bioassay, fluoranthene had agonistic activity whilst B(a)P exhibited both agonistic and antagonistic activity (lowering E2 activity by 30%). Phenanthrene and anthracene had weak ERα agonist activities. These results indicate that certain PAHs have multiple modes of action and can activate/inhibit multiple receptor signaling pathways known to play critical roles in mediating endocrine disruption.
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33
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Zhang J, Gao X, Huang J, Wang H. Probing the Interaction between Human Serum Albumin and 9-Hydroxyphenanthrene: A Spectroscopic and Molecular Docking Study. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:16833-16840. [PMID: 32685852 PMCID: PMC7364716 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
9-Hydroxyphenanthrene (9-OHPhe), the representative hydroxyl metabolite of phenanthrene, has generated increasing concern as it is potentially hazardous to organisms. Herein, multispectroscopic and molecular docking techniques were applied to investigate the molecular interaction of human serum albumin (HSA) with 9-hydroxyphenanthrene (9-OHPhe) under simulated physiological conditions. Steady-state fluorescence and time-resolved fluorescence spectral analysis showed that 9-OHPhe quenched HSA fluorescence through a mixed static and dynamic process. HSA can bind with 9-OHPhe to form a 1:1 complex, with binding constants of 1.28 × 105, 1.36 × 105, and 1.26 × 105 L·mol-1 at 298.15, 303.15, and 308.15 K, respectively. The strong binding between HSA and 9-OHPhe is spontaneous and entropy-driven. Molecular docking indicated that the optimal binding site of 9-OHPhe with HSA was located in the IA subdomain of HSA. Thermodynamic analysis and molecular docking results suggested that hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bond force dominated the binding process of HSA with 9-OHPhe. Specifically, 9-OHPhe formed hydrophobic interactions with LEU134, LEU139, ILE142, LEU154, PHE157, ALA158, and TYR161 and formed a 1.86 Å hydrogen bond with LEU135. Circular dichroism spectral analysis showed that the α-helical content of HSA decreased from 52.3 to 50.9% after adding 9-OHPhe with a ratio of 1:1. The obtained results are hoped to provide basic data for understanding the potential effects of the hydroxyl metabolites of PAHs on functional biomacromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- . Tel: +86 0596-6289870. Fax:+86 0596-6288214
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34
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DuPré NC, Heng YJ, Raby BA, Glass K, Hart JE, Chu JH, Askew C, Eliassen AH, Hankinson SE, Kraft P, Laden F, Tamimi RM. Involvement of fine particulate matter exposure with gene expression pathways in breast tumor and adjacent-normal breast tissue. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 186:109535. [PMID: 32668536 PMCID: PMC7368092 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been associated with breast cancer specific mortality, particularly for women with Stage I cancer. We examined the biological pathways that are perturbed by PM2.5 exposures by analyzing gene expression measurements from breast tissue specimens. METHODS The Nurses' Health Studies (NHS and NHSII) are prospective cohorts with archival breast tissue specimens from breast cancer cases. Global gene expression data were ascertained with the Affymetrix Glue Human Transcriptome Array 3.0. PM2.5 was estimated using spatio-temporal models linked to participants' home addresses. All analyses were performed separately in tumor (n = 591) and adjacent-normal (n = 497) samples, and stratified by estrogen receptor (ER) status and stage. We used multivariable linear regression, gene-set enrichment analyses (GSEA), and the least squares kernel machine (LSKM) to assess whether 3-year cumulative average pre-diagnosis PM2.5 exposure was associated with breast-tissue gene expression pathways among predominately Stage I and II women (90.7%) and postmenopausal (81.2%) women. Replication samples (tumor, n = 245; adjacent-normal, n = 165) were measured on Affymetrix Human Transcriptome Array (HTA 2.0). RESULTS Overall, no pathways in the tumor area were significantly associated with PM2.5 exposure. Among 272 adjacent-normal samples from Stage I ER-positive women, PM2.5 was associated with perturbations in the oxidative phosphorylation, protein secretion, and mTORC1 signaling pathways (GSEA and LSKM p-values <0.05); however, results were not replicated in a small set of replication samples (n = 80). CONCLUSIONS PM2.5 was generally not associated with breast tissue gene expression though was suggested to perturb oxidative phosphorylation and regulation of proteins and cellular signaling in adjacent-normal breast tissue. More research is needed on the biological role of PM2.5 that influences breast tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie C DuPré
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville School of Public Health and Information Sciences, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Yujing J Heng
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin A Raby
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Glass
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jaime E Hart
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jen-Hwa Chu
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Catherine Askew
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan E Hankinson
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Francine Laden
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rulla M Tamimi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Zhang J, Chen L, Zhu Y, Zhang Y. Study on the molecular interactions of hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with catalase using multi-spectral methods combined with molecular docking. Food Chem 2020; 309:125743. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hýžd'alová M, Pivnicka J, Zapletal O, Vázquez-Gómez G, Matthews J, Neca J, Pencíková K, Machala M, Vondrácek J. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Dependent Metabolism Plays a Significant Role in Estrogen-Like Effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Cell Proliferation. Toxicol Sci 2019; 165:447-461. [PMID: 30137621 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental contaminants that interact in a complex manner with both the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and estrogen receptors (ER). Their potential endocrine-disrupting activities may depend on both inhibitory AhR-ER cross-talk and on AhR-dependent metabolic production of estrogenic PAH metabolites. Here, we analyzed the impact of AhR on estrogen-like effects of PAHs, such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), in particular, on control of cell cycle progression/cell proliferation. Using AhR knockout variant of estrogen-sensitive human breast cancer MCF-7 cells (MCF-7 AhRKO cells), we observed that the AhR-dependent control of cytochrome P450 family 1 (CYP1) expression played a major role in formation of estrogenic BaP metabolites, most notably 3-OH-BaP, which contributed to the ER-dependent induction of cell cycle progression/cell proliferation. Both BaP metabolism and the BaP-induced S-phase transition/cell proliferation were inhibited in MCF-7 AhRKO cells, whereas these cells remained sensitive towards both endogenous estrogen 17β-estradiol or hydroxylated BaP metabolites. BaP was found to increase the activity of ER-dependent luciferase reporter gene in wild-type MCF-7 cells; however, unlike its hydroxylated metabolite, BaP failed to stimulate luciferase activity in MCF-7 AhRKO cells. Similarly, estrogen-like effects of other known estrogenic PAHs, such as benz[a]anthracene or 3-methylcholanthrene, were diminished in MCF-7 AhRKO cells. Ectopic expression of human CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 enzymes partly restored both BaP metabolism and its effects on cell proliferation. Taken together, our data suggest that the AhR-dependent metabolism of PAHs contributes significantly to the impact of PAHs on cell proliferation in estrogen-sensitive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Hýžd'alová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Pivnicka
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Zapletal
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gerardo Vázquez-Gómez
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic.,Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México C.U, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jason Matthews
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jirí Neca
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Pencíková
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondrácek
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
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37
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Serrano J, Tapper MA, Kolanczyk RC, Sheedy BR, Lahren T, Hammermeister DE, Denny JS, Hornung MW, Kubátová A, Kosian PA, Voelker J, Schmieder PK. Metabolism of cyclic phenones in rainbow trout in vitro assays. Xenobiotica 2019; 50:192-208. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2019.1596331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Serrano
- Mid-Continent Ecology Division, USEPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Mark A. Tapper
- Mid-Continent Ecology Division, USEPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Richard C. Kolanczyk
- Mid-Continent Ecology Division, USEPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Barbara R. Sheedy
- Mid-Continent Ecology Division, USEPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Tylor Lahren
- Mid-Continent Ecology Division, USEPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Dean E. Hammermeister
- Mid-Continent Ecology Division, USEPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Denny
- Mid-Continent Ecology Division, USEPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Michael W. Hornung
- Mid-Continent Ecology Division, USEPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Alena Kubátová
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Patricia A. Kosian
- Mid-Continent Ecology Division, USEPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Jessica Voelker
- Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Student Services Contractor, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Patricia K. Schmieder
- Mid-Continent Ecology Division, USEPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN, USA
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38
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Kolanczyk RC, Denny JS, Sheedy BR, Schmieder PK, Tapper MA. Estrogenic activity of multicyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in vitro assays. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 207:43-51. [PMID: 30513420 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A representative group of multicyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHC) which can be further classified as bridged-ring (bridged-MAHC) or fused-ring (fused-MAHC) were examined for their ability to interact with the estrogen receptor of rainbow trout (rtER) in a hepatic cytosolic estrogen receptor competitive binding assay (cyto rtERαβ) and the vitellogenin (Vtg) mRNA gene activation liver slice assay. All five fused-MAHCs; naphthalene (NAFT), fluorene (FE), Fluoranthene (FAT), pyrene (PY), and 9,10-dihydroanthracene (DAC) had no estrogenic activity in the in vitro assays used. Five of the eight bridged-MAHCs; triphenylethylene (3PE), o-terphenyl (OTP), triphenylmethane (TPM), 1,1-diphenylethylene (DPE), and cis-stilbene (CSB) were positive in the rtER-binding assay. The additional three bridged-MAHC's; trans-stilbene (TSB), tetraphenylethylene (4PE), and 4,4-di-tertbutylphenyl (DtBB) were determined to be non-binders due to isomeric configuration, solubility limitation, and possible steric hinderance. It is possible that the bridged-MAHCs bind to the rtER through a proposed aromatic-aromatic stacking (π-π interaction) facilitated by perpendicular ring orientation achieved through free rotation of the bridged rings. The fused-ring structures are locked in a planar configuration which doesn't allow for rotation of rings perpendicular to one another. This first report of the rtER-binding of bridged-MAHCs in fish demonstrates binding for a class of chemicals normally not thought of as having an affinity for the estrogen receptor and further supports the versatility or promiscuity of ER ligand selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Kolanczyk
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, 55804, USA.
| | - Jeffrey S Denny
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, 55804, USA
| | - Barbara R Sheedy
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, 55804, USA
| | - Patricia K Schmieder
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, 55804, USA
| | - Mark A Tapper
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, 55804, USA
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Guo Y, Cao L, Zhou Y, Xiao L, Zhang X, Yuan J, Chen W. Cardiometabolic traits mediated the relationship from urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons metabolites to heart rate variability reduction: A community-based study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:28-36. [PMID: 30172123 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure was related with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and heart rate variability (HRV) reduction, and HRV was also affected by cardiometabolic traits. However, the role of cardiometabolic traits in the associations from PAHs exposures to HRV was largely unknown. We conducted this study to investigate whether the relationship between PAHs exposure and HRV reduction was mediated by cardiometabolic traits. Levels of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons metabolites (OH-PAHs), 10min-HRV, and metabolic traits were accurately measured for 2476 participants from Wuhan-Zhuhai (WHZH) cohort. Single mediator and multiple mediator models were used to evaluate the mediation effects of cadiometabolic traits. The concentrations of ΣOH-PAHs ranged from 4.20 to 8.63 mg/mmol Cr. When compared with the lowest tertile, ΣOH-PAHs in the highest tertile were significantly related with 20% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]:1%, 40%), 35% (95%CI: 14%, 56%), 22% (95%CI: 1%, 44%), and 38% (95%CI: 9%, 68%) decreases in very low frequency (VLF), low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and total power (TP) for participants with MetS, respectively. No statistically significant associations between ΣOH-PAHs and HRV indices were observed for participants without MetS. Similar results were found when we investigated the relationships between OH-PAHs and HRV indices by three groups of OH-PAHs (including total hydroxynaphthalene [ΣOHNa], total hydroxy fluorene [ΣOHFlu], and total hydroxyphenanthrene [ΣOHPh] metabolites). Further, mediation analysis suggested that cardiometabolic traits, including fasting glucose (GLU), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and blood pressure partially mediated the relationship from ΣOH-PAHs to HRV reduction. GLU was the strongest mediator, with mediation percentages of 15.70% for VLF, 14.70% for LF, 43.03% for HF, and 5.61% for TP. Our study found that the relationships between OH-PAHs and HRV reduction differed among participants with and without MetS, and these relationships were found to be partially mediated by cardiometabolic traits, especially fasting glucose. Further studies are encouraged to validate our findings and investigate potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health in Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Limin Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health in Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health in Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Xiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health in Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health in Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health in Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health in Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Vondráček J, Pivnička J, Machala M. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and disruption of steroid signaling. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Jung EM, Kim HS, Park H, Ye S, Lee D, Ha EH. Does exposure to PM 10 decrease age at menarche? ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 117:16-21. [PMID: 29704753 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been a consistent decrease in age at menarche in South Korea. A potential risk factor for early menarche is exposure to particulate matter (PM), because endocrine-disrupting compounds emitted into air from anthropogenic sources may be incorporated into PM. The objective of this study was to examine the association between pre-menarcheal exposure to PM ≤ 10 μm in diameter (PM10) and age at menarche in adolescents of South Korea using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010-2012 data. METHODS We used self-reported age at menarche of 639 girls aged 13-17 years in this study. The cut-off age for early menarche was set to 12 years. Based on each subject's address, 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year averages of annual mean PM10 concentrations (models 1-3) were linked to KNHANES. Models were adjusted for body mass index (BMI), city size, household income level, maternal age at menarche, and second-hand smoke exposure at home. SURVEYREG and SURVEYLOGISTIC procedures were used to address the complex survey design of KNHANES. RESULTS Overall analysis showed that exposure to PM10 has a significant effect on decreasing age at menarche. Multiple linear regression results suggested that each 1 μg/m3 increase in 1-year, 2-year, 3-year averages of annual mean PM10 concentrations accelerated age at menarche by 0.046 years (95% CI: -0.064, -0.027; p < .0001), 0.038 years (95% CI: -0.059, -0.018; p = 0.0003),and 0.031 years (95% CI: -0.047, -0.015; p = 0.0002), respectively. Adjusted ORs for a 1 μg/m3 increase in PM10 concentration were 1.08 (95% CI: 1.04 -1.12) for model 1, 1.06 (95% CI: 1.02 -1.10) for model 2, and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.01 -1.09) for model 3. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that elevated PM10 concentration can decrease age at menarche. This is the first study that investigates the association between exposure to PM10 and age at menarche using a nationally representative sample of Koreans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Mi Jung
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Global Health Institute for Girls, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Soon Kim
- Ewha Global Health Institute for Girls, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesook Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinhee Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongheon Lee
- Department of Statistics, Williams College, Williamstown, MA, United States
| | - Eun Hee Ha
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Global Health Institute for Girls, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Dobraca D, Lum R, Sjödin A, Calafat AM, Laurent CA, Kushi LH, Windham GC. Urinary biomarkers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in pre- and peri-pubertal girls in Northern California: Predictors of exposure and temporal variability. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 165:46-54. [PMID: 29665464 PMCID: PMC5999561 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a class of chemicals produced as combustion by-products, have been associated with endocrine disruption. To understand exposure in children, who have been less studied than adults, we examined PAH metabolite concentrations by demographic characteristics, potential sources of exposure, and variability over time, in a cohort study of pre- and peri-pubertal girls in Northern California. METHODS Urinary concentrations of ten PAH metabolites and cotinine were quantified in 431 girls age 6-8 years at baseline. Characteristics obtained from parental interview, physical exam, and linked traffic data were examined as predictors of PAH metabolite concentrations using multivariable linear regression. A subset of girls (n = 100) had repeat measures of PAH metabolites in the second and fourth years of the study. We calculated the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Spearman correlation coefficients, and how well the quartile ranking by a single measurement represented the four-year average PAH biomarker concentration. RESULTS Eight PAH metabolites were detected in ≥ 95% of the girls. The most consistent predictors of PAH biomarker concentrations were cotinine concentration, grilled food consumption, and region of residence, with some variation by demographics and season. After adjustment, select PAH metabolite concentrations were higher for Hispanic and Asian girls, and lower among black girls; 2-naphthol concentrations were higher in girls from lower income households. Other than 1-naphthol, there was modest reproducibility over time (ICCs between 0.18 and 0.49) and the concentration from a single spot sample was able to reliably rank exposure into quartiles consistent with the multi-year average. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm diet and environmental tobacco smoke exposure as the main sources of PAHs. Controlling for these sources, differences in concentrations still existed by race for specific PAH metabolites and by income for 2-naphthol. The modest temporal variability implies adequate exposure assignment using concentrations from a single sample to define a multi-year exposure timeframe for epidemiologic exposure-response studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Dobraca
- Environmental Health Investigations Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA.
| | | | - Andreas Sjödin
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cecile A Laurent
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Lawrence H Kushi
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Gayle C Windham
- Environmental Health Investigations Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
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Abstract
Purpose of Review Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed among US women. Air pollution is a pervasive mixture of chemicals containing carcinogenic compounds and chemicals with endocrine disrupting properties. In the present review, we examine the epidemiologic evidence regarding the association between air pollution measures and breast cancer risk. Recent Findings We identified seventeen studies evaluating the risk of breast cancer associated with air pollution. A higher risk of breast cancer has been associated with nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) levels, both of which are proxies for traffic exposure. However, there is little evidence supporting a relationship for measures of traffic count or distance to nearest road, or for measures of particulate matter (PM), except potentially for nickel and vanadium, which are components of PM10. Hazardous air toxic levels and sources of indoor air pollution may also contribute to breast cancer risk. There is little existing evidence to support that the relationship between air pollution and breast cancer risk varies by either menopausal status at diagnosis or combined tumor hormone receptor subtype defined by the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR). Summary Epidemiologic evidence to date suggests an association between breast cancer risk and NO2 and NOx, markers for traffic-related air pollution; although there was little evidence supporting associations for proxy measures of traffic exposure or for PM. More research is needed to understand the role of specific PM components and whether associations vary by tumor receptor subtype and menopausal status at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Patrick T Bradshaw
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ghassan B Hamra
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, MD, USA
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Yang P, Gong YJ, Cao WC, Wang RX, Wang YX, Liu C, Chen YJ, Huang LL, Ai SH, Lu WQ, Zeng Q. Prenatal urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites, global DNA methylation in cord blood, and birth outcomes: A cohort study in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 234:396-405. [PMID: 29202418 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a potential risk factor for adverse birth outcomes. Epigenetic mechanisms may play a key role in which PAHs exert its effects. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to examine whether prenatal PAH exposure was associated with adverse birth outcomes and altered DNA methylation and to explore potential mediating roles of DNA methylation. METHODS Ten urinary PAH metabolites were measured from 106 pregnant women during late pregnancy in a Chinese cohort study. Cord blood DNA methylation in long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) and Alu repetitive elements as surrogates of global DNA methylation was analyzed by bisulfite pyrosequencing. Multivariable linear regression was used to estimate the associations of urinary PAH metabolites with birth outcomes and DNA methylation, and a mediation analysis was also conducted. RESULTS Prenatal urinary 2-hydroxynaphthalene (2-OHNa), ∑OHNa (sum of 1- and 2-OHNa), and sum of monohydroxy-PAH (∑OH-PAHs) were associated with lower birth length (e.g., -0.80%, 95% CI: -1.39%, -0.20% for the third vs. first tertile of 2-OHNa; p for trend = 0.01). Prenatal urinary 2-OHNa and 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-OHPh) were associated with lower Alu and LINE-1 methylation (e.g., -1.88%, 95% CI: -3.73%, -0.10% for the third vs. first tertile tertile of 2-OHNa in Alu methylation; p for trend = 0.04). Mediation analysis failed to show a mediator effect of global DNA methylation in the association between prenatal urinary OH-PAHs and birth outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal specific PAH exposures are associated with decreased birth length and global DNA methylation. However, global DNA methylation does not mediate the associations of prenatal PAH exposure with birth outcomes. Further studies are needed to confirm the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ya-Jie Gong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Wen-Cheng Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Rui-Xin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yi-Xin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ying-Jun Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Li-Li Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Song-Hua Ai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wen-Qing Lu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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Yang P, Sun H, Gong YJ, Wang YX, Liu C, Chen YJ, Sun L, Huang LL, Ai SH, Lu WQ, Zeng Q. Repeated measures of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in relation to altered reproductive hormones: A cross-sectional study in China. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2017; 220:1340-1346. [PMID: 28935356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of ubiquitous environmental pollutants. In vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that PAHs can alter endocrine function, yet evidence from human studies is limited. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to investigate whether environmental exposure to PAHs was associated with altered reproductive hormone levels, using repeated measures of urinary OH-PAHs as biomarkers. METHODS We measured 10 monohydroxylated PAHs (OH-PAHs) in repeated urine samples from 371 men in an infertility clinic in Wuhan, China. Multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate the associations between average urinary OH-PAH levels and serum reproductive hormones, and restricted cubic spline models were further used to examine the shapes of dose-response relationships. RESULTS We observed dose-response associations of urinary 2-hydroxynaphthalene (2-OHNa) with decreased serum free testosterone (fT) and urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), 9-hydroxyphenanthrene (9-OHPh), and 9-hydroxyfluorene (9-OHFlu) with decreased serum estradiol (all P for trends <0.05). These associations were linear and significant when these four OH-PAHs were modeled as continuous variables in restricted cubic spline models. Furthermore, a U-shaped association was observed across urinary 4-OHPh levels, with lower levels of serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) at median concentrations compared with 5th and 95th percentile concentrations. CONCLUSION Environmental levels of PAH exposure in our study are associated with altered reproductive hormones. However, further research is needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Huan Sun
- Xiangtan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiangtan, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ya-Jie Gong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yi-Xin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ying-Jun Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Li-Li Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Song-Hua Ai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wen-Qing Lu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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Defois C, Ratel J, Denis S, Batut B, Beugnot R, Peyretaillade E, Engel E, Peyret P. Environmental Pollutant Benzo[ a]Pyrene Impacts the Volatile Metabolome and Transcriptome of the Human Gut Microbiota. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1562. [PMID: 28861070 PMCID: PMC5559432 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a ubiquitous, persistent, and carcinogenic pollutant that belongs to the large family of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Population exposure primarily occurs via contaminated food products, which introduces the pollutant to the digestive tract. Although the metabolism of B[a]P by host cells is well known, its impacts on the human gut microbiota, which plays a key role in health and disease, remain unexplored. We performed an in vitro assay using 16S barcoding, metatranscriptomics and volatile metabolomics to study the impact of B[a]P on two distinct human fecal microbiota. B[a]P exposure did not induce a significant change in the microbial structure; however, it altered the microbial volatolome in a dose-dependent manner. The transcript levels related to several metabolic pathways, such as vitamin and cofactor metabolism, cell wall compound metabolism, DNA repair and replication systems, and aromatic compound metabolism, were upregulated, whereas the transcript levels related to the glycolysis-gluconeogenesis pathway and bacterial chemotaxis toward simple carbohydrates were downregulated. These primary findings show that food pollutants, such as B[a]P, alter human gut microbiota activity. The observed shift in the volatolome demonstrates that B[a]P induces a specific deviation in the microbial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Defois
- MEDIS, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Clermont AuvergneClermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jérémy Ratel
- UR370 QuaPA, MASS Team, Institut National de la Recherche AgronomiqueSaint-Genes-Champanelle, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- MEDIS, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Clermont AuvergneClermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bérénice Batut
- MEDIS, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Clermont AuvergneClermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Réjane Beugnot
- MEDIS, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Clermont AuvergneClermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Eric Peyretaillade
- MEDIS, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Clermont AuvergneClermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Erwan Engel
- UR370 QuaPA, MASS Team, Institut National de la Recherche AgronomiqueSaint-Genes-Champanelle, France
| | - Pierre Peyret
- MEDIS, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Clermont AuvergneClermont-Ferrand, France
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Chow ET, Mahalingaiah S. Cosmetics use and age at menopause: is there a connection? Fertil Steril 2016; 106:978-90. [PMID: 27545020 PMCID: PMC5027605 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cosmetics contain a vast number of chemicals, most of which are not under the regulatory purview of the Food and Drug Administration. Only a few of these chemicals have been evaluated for potential deleterious health impact: parabens, phthalates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and siloxanes. A review of the ingredients in the best-selling and top-rated products of the top beauty brands in the world, as well as a review of highlighted chemicals by nonprofit environmental organizations, reveals 11 chemicals and chemical families of concern: butylated hydroxyanisole/butylated hydroxytoluene, coal tar dyes, diethanolamine, formaldehyde-releasing preservatives, parabens, phthalates, 1,4-dioxane, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, siloxanes, talc/asbestos, and triclosan. Age at menopause can be affected by a variety of mechanisms, including endocrine disruption, failure of DNA repair, oxidative stress, shortened telomere length, and ovarian toxicity. There is a lack of available studies to make a conclusion regarding cosmetics use and age at menopause. What little data there are suggest that future studies are warranted. Women with chronic and consistent use of cosmetics across their lifespan may be a population of concern. More research is required to better elucidate the relationship and time windows of vulnerability and the effects of mixtures and combinations of products on ovarian health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika T Chow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shruthi Mahalingaiah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Pinto CL, Mansouri K, Judson R, Browne P. Prediction of Estrogenic Bioactivity of Environmental Chemical Metabolites. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:1410-27. [PMID: 27509301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) is using in vitro data generated from ToxCast/Tox21 high-throughput screening assays to assess the endocrine activity of environmental chemicals. Considering that in vitro assays may have limited metabolic capacity, inactive chemicals that are biotransformed into metabolites with endocrine bioactivity may be missed for further screening and testing. Therefore, there is a value in developing novel approaches to account for metabolism and endocrine activity of both parent chemicals and their associated metabolites. We used commercially available software to predict metabolites of 50 parent compounds, out of which 38 chemicals are known to have estrogenic metabolites, and 12 compounds and their metabolites are negative for estrogenic activity. Three ER QSAR models were used to determine potential estrogen bioactivity of the parent compounds and predicted metabolites, the outputs of the models were averaged, and the chemicals were then ranked based on the total estrogenicity of the parent chemical and metabolites. The metabolite prediction software correctly identified known estrogenic metabolites for 26 out of 27 parent chemicals with associated metabolite data, and 39 out of 46 estrogenic metabolites were predicted as potential biotransformation products derived from the parent chemical. The QSAR models estimated stronger estrogenic activity for the majority of the known estrogenic metabolites compared to their parent chemicals. Finally, the three models identified a similar set of parent compounds as top ranked chemicals based on the estrogenicity of putative metabolites. This proposed in silico approach is an inexpensive and rapid strategy for the detection of chemicals with estrogenic metabolites and may reduce potential false negative results from in vitro assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline L Pinto
- Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, US Environmental Protection Agency , 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20460, United States.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education , MC-100-44, P.O. Box 117, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-0117, United States
| | - Kamel Mansouri
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education , MC-100-44, P.O. Box 117, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-0117, United States.,Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Richard Judson
- Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Patience Browne
- Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, US Environmental Protection Agency , 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20460, United States
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Zhang Y, Dong S, Wang H, Tao S, Kiyama R. Biological impact of environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ePAHs) as endocrine disruptors. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 213:809-824. [PMID: 27038213 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are often detected in the environment and are regarded as endocrine disruptors. We here designated mixtures of PAHs in the environment as environmental PAHs (ePAHs) to discuss their effects collectively, which could be different from the sum of the constituent PAHs. We first summarized the biological impact of environmental PAHs (ePAHs) found in the atmosphere, sediments, soils, and water as a result of human activities, accidents, or natural phenomena. ePAHs are characterized by their sources and forms, followed by their biological effects and social impact, and bioassays that are used to investigate their biological effects. The findings of the bioassays have demonstrated that ePAHs have the ability to affect the endocrine systems of humans and animals. The pathways that mediate cell signaling for the endocrine disruptions induced by ePAHs and PAHs have also been summarized in order to obtain a clearer understanding of the mechanisms responsible for these effects without animal tests; they include specific signaling pathways (MAPK and other signaling pathways), regulatory mechanisms (chromatin/epigenetic regulation, cell cycle/DNA damage control, and cytoskeletal/adhesion regulation), and cell functions (apoptosis, autophagy, immune responses/inflammation, neurological responses, and development/differentiation) induced by specific PAHs, such as benz[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, benz[l]aceanthrylene, cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, fluoranthene, fluorene, 3-methylcholanthrene, perylene, phenanthrene, and pyrene as well as their derivatives. Estrogen signaling is one of the most studied pathways associated with the endocrine-disrupting activities of PAHs, and involves estrogen receptors and aryl hydrocarbon receptors. However, some of the actions of PAHs are contradictory, complex, and unexplainable. Although several possibilities have been suggested, such as direct interactions between PAHs and receptors and the suppression of their activities through other pathways, the mechanisms underlying the activities of PAHs remain unclear. Thus, standardized assay protocols for pathway-based assessments are considered to be important to overcome these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Sijun Dong
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Hongou Wang
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Shu Tao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Ryoiti Kiyama
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan.
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Yuan TH, Chung MK, Lin CY, Chen ST, Wu KY, Chan CC. Metabolic profiling of residents in the vicinity of a petrochemical complex. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 548-549:260-269. [PMID: 26802354 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
No previous studies have simultaneously measured the biomarkers of environmental exposure and metabolome perturbation in residents affected by industrial pollutants. This study aimed to investigate the metabolic effects of environmental pollutants such as vanadium and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on residents in the vicinity of a petrochemical complex. The study subjects were 160 residents, including 80 high-exposure subjects exposed to high levels of vanadium and PAHs and 80 age- and gender-matched low-exposure subjects living within a 40-km radius of a petrochemical complex. The exposure biomarkers vanadium and 1-hydroxypyrene and four oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers were measured in these subjects. Plasma samples from the study subjects were also analyzed using (1)H NMR spectroscopy for metabolic profiling. The results showed that the urinary levels of vanadium and 1-hydroxypyrene in the high-exposure subjects were 40- and 20-fold higher, respectively, than those in the low-exposure subjects. Higher urinary levels of stress biomarkers, including 8-OHdG, HNE-MA, 8-isoPF2α, and 8-NO2Gua, were also observed among the high-exposure subjects compared with the low-exposure subjects. Partial least squares discriminant analysis of the plasma metabolome demonstrated a clear separation between the high- and low-exposure subjects; the intensities of amino acids and carbohydrate metabolites were lower in the high-exposure subjects compared with the low-exposure subjects. The exposure to vanadium and PAHs may cause a reduction in the levels of amino acids and carbohydrates by elevating PPAR and insulin signaling, as well as oxidative/nitrosative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsuen Yuan
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Kei Chung
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ting Chen
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Yuh Wu
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chuan Chan
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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