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Valdez RM, Rivera BN, Chang Y, Pennington JM, Fischer KA, Löhr CV, Tilton SC. Assessing susceptibility for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon toxicity in an in vitro 3D respiratory model for asthma. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2024; 6:1287863. [PMID: 38706568 PMCID: PMC11066177 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1287863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
There is increased emphasis on understanding cumulative risk from the combined effects of chemical and non-chemical stressors as it relates to public health. Recent animal studies have identified pulmonary inflammation as a possible modifier and risk factor for chemical toxicity in the lung after exposure to inhaled pollutants; however, little is known about specific interactions and potential mechanisms of action. In this study, primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) cultured in 3D at the air-liquid interface (ALI) are utilized as a physiologically relevant model to evaluate the effects of inflammation on toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a class of contaminants generated from incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. Normal HBEC were differentiated in the presence of IL-13 for 14 days to induce a profibrotic phenotype similar to asthma. Fully differentiated normal and IL-13 phenotype HBEC were treated with benzo[a]pyrene (BAP; 1-40 μg/mL) or 1% DMSO/PBS vehicle at the ALI for 48 h. Cells were evaluated for cytotoxicity, barrier integrity, and transcriptional biomarkers of chemical metabolism and inflammation by quantitative PCR. Cells with the IL-13 phenotype treated with BAP result in significantly (p < 0.05) decreased barrier integrity, less than 50% compared to normal cells. The effect of BAP in the IL-13 phenotype was more apparent when evaluating transcriptional biomarkers of barrier integrity in addition to markers of mucus production, goblet cell hyperplasia, type 2 asthmatic inflammation and chemical metabolism, which all resulted in dose-dependent changes (p < 0.05) in the presence of BAP. Additionally, RNA sequencing data showed that the HBEC with the IL-13 phenotype may have increased potential for uncontrolled proliferation and decreased capacity for immune response after BAP exposure compared to normal phenotype HBEC. These data are the first to evaluate the role of combined environmental factors associated with inflammation from pre-existing disease and PAH exposure on pulmonary toxicity in a physiologically relevant human in vitro model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reese M. Valdez
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Brianna N. Rivera
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Yvonne Chang
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jamie M. Pennington
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Kay A. Fischer
- Oregon Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Christiane V. Löhr
- Oregon Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Susan C. Tilton
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
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2
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Wang H, Fan Q, Liang Q, Wu Y, Ye Z, Wu H, Sun Q, Tang H, Liu Y, Liu Q, Chen Y. Human CYP1A1-activated aneugenicity of aflatoxin B1 in mammalian cells and its combined effect with benzo(a)pyrene. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 392:110923. [PMID: 38382706 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most toxic mycotoxin and a proven human carcinogen that requires metabolic activation, known by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2 and 3A4. Previous evidence showed that AFB1 is activated by human recombinant CYP1A1 expressed in budding yeast. Yet, the toxicity, in particular the genotoxicity of the reactive metabolites formed from AFB1 remains unclear. Humans could be exposed to both AFB1 and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) simultaneously, thus we were interested in their combined genotoxic effects subsequent to metabolic activation by CYP1A1. In this study, molecular docking of AFB1 to human CYP1A1 indicated that AFB1 is valid as a substrate. In the incubations with AFB1 in human CYP1A1-expressed microsomes, AFM1 as a marking metabolite of AFB1 was detected. Moreover, AFB1 induced micronucleus formation in a Chinese hamster V79-derived cell line and in a human lung epithelial BEAS-2B cell line, both expressing recombinant human CYP1A1, V79-hCYP1A1 and 2B-hCYP1A1 cells, respectively. Immunofluorescence of centromere protein B stained micronuclei was dominant in AFB1-treated BEAS-2B cells exposed to AFB1, suggesting an aneugenic effect. Moreover, AFB1 elevated the levels of ROS, 8-OHdG, AFB1-DNA adduct, and DNA breaks in 2B-hCYP1A1 cells, compared with those in the parental BEAS-2B cells. Meanwhile, AFB1 increased CYP1A1, RAD51, and γ-H2AX protein levels in 2B-hCYP1A1 cells, which were attenuated by the CYP1A1 inhibitor bergamottin. Co-exposure of AFB1 with BaP increased 8-OHdG, RAD51, and γ-H2AX levels (indicating DNA damage). In conclusion, AFB1 could be activated by human CYP1A1 for potent aneugenicity, which may be further enhanced by co-exposure to BaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Wang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Qin Fan
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Qian Liang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Zhongming Ye
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Haipeng Wu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Huanwen Tang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yungang Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China; Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuting Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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3
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Chen S, Zhang Z, Peng H, Jiang S, Xu C, Ma X, Zhang L, Zhou H, Xing X, Chen L, Wang Q, Chen W, Li D. Histone H3K36me3 mediates the genomic instability of Benzo[a]pyrene in human bronchial epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123564. [PMID: 38367693 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Histone modifications maintain genomic stability and orchestrate gene expression at the chromatin level. Benzo [a]pyrene (BaP) is the ubiquitous carcinogen widely spread in the environment, but the role and regulatory mechanism of histone modification in its toxic effects remain largely undefined. In this study, we found a dose-dependent reduction of histone H3 methylations at lysine4, lysine9, lysine27, lysine36 in HBE cells treated with BaP. We observed that inhibiting H3K27 and H3K36 methylation impaired cell proliferation, whereas the loss of H3K4, H3K9, H3K27, and H3K36 methylation led to increased genomic instability and delayed DNA repair. H3K36 mutation at both H3.1 and H3.3 exhibited the most significant impacts. In addition, we found that the expression of SET domain containing 2 (SETD2), the unique methyltransferase catalyzed H3K36me3, was downregulated by BaP dose-dependently in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown of SETD2 aggravated DNA damage of BaP exposure, which was consistent with the effects of H3K36 mutation. With the aid of chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) -seq and RNA-seq, we found that H3K36me3 was responsible for transcriptional regulation of genes involved in pathways related to cell survival, lung cancer, metabolism and inflammation. The enhanced enrichment of H3K36me3 in genes (CYP1A1, ALDH1A3, ACOXL, WNT5A, WNT7A, RUNX2, IL1R2) was positively correlated with their expression levels, while the reduction of H3K36me3 distribution in genes (PPARGC1A, PDE4D, GAS1, RNF19A, KSR1) were in accordance with the downregulation of gene expression. Taken together, our findings emphasize the critical roles and mechanisms of histone lysine methylation in mediating cellular homeostasis during BaP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhengbao Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Honghao Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuyun Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chi Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xingyu Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiumei Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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4
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Zhang X, Leng S, Qiu M, Ding Y, Zhao L, Ma N, Sun Y, Zheng Z, Wang S, Li Y, Guo X. Chemical fingerprints and implicated cancer risks of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from fine particulate matter deposited in human lungs. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107845. [PMID: 36871324 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particles (PM2.5) and associated PAHs are frequently linked with lung cancer, which makes the understanding of their occurrence and health risk in human lungs urgently important. Using the ultrasonic treatment and sequencing centrifugation (USC) extraction method coupled with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC - MS/MS) analysis, we revealed the molecular fingerprints of PM-accumulated PAHs in human lungs from a cohort of 68 patients with lung cancer in a typical air-polluted region, China. Sixteen priority PAHs can be grouped by concentrations as ∼ 1 × 104 ng/g (ANT/BkF/ACE/DBA/BgP/PHN/PYR), 2-5 × 103 ng/g (BaP/FLE/NaP/BbF), and ∼ 1 × 103 ng/g (IND/Acy/CHR/FLT/BaA). The sum concentration of 16 PAHs was approximately equaled to 13% of those in atmospheric PM2.5, suggesting significant pulmonary leaching of PAHs deposited in lungs. Low- and high-molecular weight PAHs accounted for ∼ 41.8% and ∼ 45.1% of the total PAHs, respectively, which indicated that atmospheric PM2.5, tobacco and cooking smoke were likely to be important sources of pulmonary PAHs. The evident increasing concentrations of NaP and FLE in pulmonary PM were significantly correlated with smoking history among smokers. The implicated carcinogenic potency of PM-accumulated PAHs among the participants aged 70-80 was 17 times that among participants aged 40-50 on the basis of BaP equivalent concentration (BaPeq) evaluation. The particulate enrichment factor (EFP), the PAH content in pulmonary PM relative to the bulk lung tissue, was equaled to 54 ∼ 835 and averaged at 436. The high value of EFP suggested that PAHs were essentially accumulated in pulmonary PM and exhibited a pattern of "hotspot" distribution in the lungs, which would likely increase the risk of monoclonal tumorigenesis. The chemical characteristics of PM-accumulated PAHs in human lungs together with their implicated lung cancer risks could provide significant information for understanding health effects of particulate pollution in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Siwen Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Mantang Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing 100044, China; Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yifan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Na Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zijie Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shaodong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing 100044, China; Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing 100044, China; Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xuejun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China.
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5
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Choi YH, Lee JY, Moon KW. Exposure to volatile organic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is associated with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adolescents: Korea National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) 2015-2017. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 251:114508. [PMID: 36621033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most frequent liver diseases among adolescents. Several animal studies have suggested that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) increase NAFLD risk. However, few epidemiological studies have confirmed the association between VOCs, PAHs and NAFLD in the general adolescent population. Therefore, we analyzed 798 adolescents from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS), 2015-2017, to examine the associations of urinary metabolites of VOCs and PAHs with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and NAFLD prevalence. We performed linear regression, logistic regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to evaluate the association of urinary VOCs and PAHs metabolites with ALT levels and NAFLD prevalence. After adjusting for all covariates, urinary benzylmercapturic acid and 2-hydroxyfluorene levels were found to increase ALT activity and NAFLD prevalence. Additionally, the BKMR analyses showed a significantly positive overall effect on ALT activity and NAFLD prevalence with urinary concentrations of VOCs and PAHs metabolites, with 2-hydroxyfluorene as the biggest contributor. Our study suggests that exposure to low-level VOCs and PAHs may have a detrimental effect on NAFLD risk in adolescents. Given the increasing prevalence of NAFLD in adolescents, future cohort studies are confirmed to comprehend the effect of these chemicals on NAFLD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hee Choi
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea; BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Lee
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea; BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Kyong Whan Moon
- BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea; Department of Health and Environmental Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
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6
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Caipa Garcia AL, Kucab JE, Al-Serori H, Beck RSS, Fischer F, Hufnagel M, Hartwig A, Floeder A, Balbo S, Francies H, Garnett M, Huch M, Drost J, Zilbauer M, Arlt VM, Phillips DH. Metabolic Activation of Benzo[ a]pyrene by Human Tissue Organoid Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010606. [PMID: 36614051 PMCID: PMC9820386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Organoids are 3D cultures that to some extent reproduce the structure, composition and function of the mammalian tissues from which they derive, thereby creating in vitro systems with more in vivo-like characteristics than 2D monocultures. Here, the ability of human organoids derived from normal gastric, pancreas, liver, colon and kidney tissues to metabolise the environmental carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) was investigated. While organoids from the different tissues showed varied cytotoxic responses to BaP, with gastric and colon organoids being the most susceptible, the xenobiotic-metabolising enzyme (XME) genes, CYP1A1 and NQO1, were highly upregulated in all organoid types, with kidney organoids having the highest levels. Furthermore, the presence of two key metabolites, BaP-t-7,8-dihydrodiol and BaP-tetrol-l-1, was detected in all organoid types, confirming their ability to metabolise BaP. BaP bioactivation was confirmed both by the activation of the DNA damage response pathway (induction of p-p53, pCHK2, p21 and γ-H2AX) and by DNA adduct formation. Overall, pancreatic and undifferentiated liver organoids formed the highest levels of DNA adducts. Colon organoids had the lowest responses in DNA adduct and metabolite formation, as well as XME expression. Additionally, high-throughput RT-qPCR explored differences in gene expression between organoid types after BaP treatment. The results demonstrate the potential usefulness of organoids for studying environmental carcinogenesis and genetic toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela L. Caipa Garcia
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Jill E. Kucab
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Halh Al-Serori
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Rebekah S. S. Beck
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Franziska Fischer
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Applied Biosciences, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Matthias Hufnagel
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Applied Biosciences, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andrea Hartwig
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Applied Biosciences, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andrew Floeder
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Silvia Balbo
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | | | - Meritxell Huch
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jarno Drost
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Oncode Institute, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Zilbauer
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Volker M. Arlt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - David H. Phillips
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
- Correspondence:
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Mredul MBR, Khan U, Rana HK, Meem TM, Awal MA, Rahman MH, Khan MS. Bioinformatics and System Biology Techniques to Determine Biomolecular Signatures and Pathways of Prion Disorder. Bioinform Biol Insights 2022; 16:11779322221145373. [PMID: 36582393 PMCID: PMC9793038 DOI: 10.1177/11779322221145373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion disorder (PD) is caused by misfolding and the formation of clumps of proteins in the brain, notably Prion proteins resulting in a steady decrease in brain function. Early detection of PD is difficult due to its unpredictable nature, and diagnosis is limited regarding specificity and sensitivity. Considering the uncertainties, the current study used network-based integrative system biology approaches to reveal promising molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets for PD. In this study, brain transcriptomics gene expression microarray datasets (GSE160208 and GSE124571) of human PD were evaluated and 35 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. By employing network-based protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis on these DEGs, 10 central hub proteins, including SPP1, FKBP5, HPRT1, CDKN1A, BAG3, HSPB1, SYK, TNFRSF1A, PTPN6, and CD44, were identified. Employing bioinformatics approaches, a variety of transcription factors (EGR1, SSRP1, POLR2A, TARDP, and NR2F1) and miRNAs (hsa-mir-8485, hsa-mir-148b-3p, hsa-mir-4295, hsa-mir-26b-5p, and hsa-mir-16-5p) were predicted. EGR1 was found as the most imperative transcription factor (TF), and hsa-mir-16-5p and hsa-mir-148b-3p were found as the most crucial miRNAs targeted in PD. Finally, resveratrol and hypochlorous acid were predicted as possible therapeutic drugs for PD. This study could be helpful in better understanding of molecular systems and prospective pharmacological targets for developing effective PD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Bazlur Rahman Mredul
- Statistics Discipline, Science,
Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Umama Khan
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Humayan Kabir Rana
- Department of Computer Science and
Engineering, Green University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tahera Mahnaz Meem
- Statistics Discipline, Science,
Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Awal
- Electronics and Communication
Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Computer Science and
Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md Salauddin Khan
- Statistics Discipline, Science,
Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh,Md Salauddin Khan, Statistics Discipline,
Science, Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208,
Bangladesh.
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8
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Machine-learning algorithms for asthma, COPD, and lung cancer risk assessment using circulating microbial extracellular vesicle data and their application to assess dietary effects. EXPERIMENTAL & MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2022; 54:1586-1595. [PMID: 36180580 PMCID: PMC9534896 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00846-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although mounting evidence suggests that the microbiome has a tremendous influence on intractable disease, the relationship between circulating microbial extracellular vesicles (EVs) and respiratory disease remains unexplored. Here, we developed predictive diagnostic models for COPD, asthma, and lung cancer by applying machine learning to microbial EV metagenomes isolated from patient serum and coded by their accumulated taxonomic hierarchy. All models demonstrated high predictive strength with mean AUC values ranging from 0.93 to 0.99 with various important features at the genus and phylum levels. Application of the clinical models in mice showed that various foods reduced high-fat diet-associated asthma and lung cancer risk, while COPD was minimally affected. In conclusion, this study offers a novel methodology for respiratory disease prediction and highlights the utility of serum microbial EVs as data-rich features for noninvasive diagnosis. Artificial intelligence (AI) has enabled researchers to intercept microbial messages bearing clinically useful information about of a variety of respiratory disorders. The organisms that comprise our microbiome communicate via the release of tiny, biomolecule-laden membrane bubbles called ‘extracellular vesicles’ (EVs) into the bloodstream. EVs are also influenced by human disease. South Korean researchers led by Yoon-Keun Kim of MD Healthcare, Seoul, and Young-Koo Jee of Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, have used an AI algorithm to assemble EV-based profiles that can discriminate between healthy people and those with conditions like asthma or lung cancer. Their analysis of 1727 patient serum samples revealed microbial signatures that enabled accurate diagnosis of several respiratory disorders. Preliminary experiments in mice suggest that certain dietary changes could help shift the microbiome of high-risk individuals towards a healthier profile.
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Saravanakumar K, Sivasantosh S, Sathiyaseelan A, Sankaranarayanan A, Naveen KV, Zhang X, Jamla M, Vijayasarathy S, Vishnu Priya V, MubarakAli D, Wang MH. Impact of benzo[a]pyrene with other pollutants induce the molecular alternation in the biological system: Existence, detection, and remediation methods. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 304:119207. [PMID: 35351595 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The exposure of benzo [a]pyrene (BaP) in recent times is rather unavoidable than ever before. BaP emissions are sourced majorly from anthropogenic rather than natural provenance from wildfires and volcanic eruptions. A major under-looked source is via the consumption of foods that are deep-fried, grilled, and charcoal smoked foods (meats in particular). BaP being a component of poly aromatic hydrocarbons has been classified as a Group I carcinogenic agent, which has been shown to cause both systemic and localized effects in animal models as well as in humans; has been known to cause various forms of cancer, accelerate neurological disorders, invoke DNA and cellular damage due to the generation of reactive oxygen species and involve in multi-generational phenotypic and genotypic defects. BaP's short and accumulated exposure has been shown in disrupting the fertility of gamete cells. In this review, we have discussed an in-depth and capacious run-through of the various origins of BaP, its economic distribution and its impact as well as toxicological effects on the environment and human health. It also deals with a mechanism as a single compound and its ability to synergize with other chemicals/materials, novel sensitive detection methods, and remediation approaches held in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandasamy Saravanakumar
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Anbazhagan Sathiyaseelan
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Alwarappan Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Life Sciences, Sri Sathya Sai University for Human Excellence, Navanihal, Karnataka, 585 313, India.
| | - Kumar Vishven Naveen
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Monica Jamla
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India.
| | - Sampathkumar Vijayasarathy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| | - Veeraraghavan Vishnu Priya
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India.
| | - Davoodbasha MubarakAli
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600048, India.
| | - Myeong-Hyeon Wang
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
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Karimpour Malekshah A, Rahmani Z, Zargari M, Mirzaei M, Rezaei Talarposhti M, Talebpour Amiri F. Hepatotoxicity in young adult mouse offspring after prenatal exposure to benzo(a)pyrene, and protective effect of atorvastatin. Birth Defects Res 2022; 114:551-558. [PMID: 35593456 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is an environmental contaminant that interrupts the antioxidant defense and thus leads to oxidative stress and DNA damage in the liver. Atorvastatin (ATV) for reducing cholesterol has antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities. This study investigated the effects of prenatal exposure of BaP on liver toxicity and the protective role of ATV in reducing liver toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, rats were distributed randomly to seven groups: I. Saline control; II. ATV (10 mg/kg); III. Corn oil; IV and V. BaP (10 and 20 mg/kg); VI and VII. ATV + BaP (10 and 20 mg/kg). BaP and ATV were administrated from gestation day 7-16 (GD7-GD16), orally. Ten weeks after the birth, female offspring were examined for oxidative stress markers, liver enzymes, and histology. RESULTS Data revealed that BaP significantly induced oxidative stress (decreased glutathione and increased malondialdehyde level), and disrupted the tissue structure of the liver. Moreover, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase increased in the offspring. ATV treatment along with BaP during gestation was able to bring the antioxidant status and serum liver enzymes levels relatively close to normal. As well as, histological findings showed that ATV was able to improve liver tissue structure caused by BaP. CONCLUSION Based on the above studies we concluded that ATV at a low dose during gestation was able to reduce liver damage caused by BaP with antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbasali Karimpour Malekshah
- Department of Anatomy, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Rahmani
- Department of Anatomy, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mehryar Zargari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Mirzaei
- Department of Anatomy, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Rezaei Talarposhti
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Talebpour Amiri
- Department of Anatomy, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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11
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Loret T, de Luna LAV, Fordham A, Arshad A, Barr K, Lozano N, Kostarelos K, Bussy C. Innate but Not Adaptive Immunity Regulates Lung Recovery from Chronic Exposure to Graphene Oxide Nanosheets. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104559. [PMID: 35166457 PMCID: PMC9008410 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Graphene has drawn a lot of interest in the material community due to unique physicochemical properties. Owing to a high surface area to volume ratio and free oxygen groups, the oxidized derivative, graphene oxide (GO) has promising potential as a drug delivery system. Here, the lung tolerability of two distinct GO varying in lateral dimensions is investigated, to reveal the most suitable candidate platform for pulmonary drug delivery. Following repeated chronic pulmonary exposure of mice to GO sheet suspensions, the innate and adaptive immune responses are studied. An acute and transient influx of neutrophils and eosinophils in the alveolar space, together with the replacement of alveolar macrophages by interstitial ones and a significant activation toward anti-inflammatory subsets, are found for both GO materials. Micrometric GO give rise to persistent multinucleated macrophages and granulomas. However, neither adaptive immune response nor lung tissue remodeling are induced after exposure to micrometric GO. Concurrently, milder effects and faster tissue recovery, both associated to a faster clearance from the respiratory tract, are found for nanometric GO, suggesting a greater lung tolerability. Taken together, these results highlight the importance of dimensions in the design of biocompatible 2D materials for pulmonary drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Loret
- Nanomedicine LabFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science CentreManchesterM13 9PTUK
- National Graphene InstituteThe University of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and InflammationFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science CentreManchesterM13 9PTUK
| | - Luis Augusto Visani de Luna
- Nanomedicine LabFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science CentreManchesterM13 9PTUK
- National Graphene InstituteThe University of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and InflammationFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science CentreManchesterM13 9PTUK
| | - Alexander Fordham
- Nanomedicine LabFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science CentreManchesterM13 9PTUK
- National Graphene InstituteThe University of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and InflammationFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science CentreManchesterM13 9PTUK
| | - Atta Arshad
- Nanomedicine LabFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science CentreManchesterM13 9PTUK
- National Graphene InstituteThe University of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and InflammationFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science CentreManchesterM13 9PTUK
| | - Katharine Barr
- Nanomedicine LabFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science CentreManchesterM13 9PTUK
- National Graphene InstituteThe University of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Neus Lozano
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)Campus UABBellaterraBarcelona08193Spain
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine LabFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science CentreManchesterM13 9PTUK
- National Graphene InstituteThe University of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)Campus UABBellaterraBarcelona08193Spain
| | - Cyrill Bussy
- Nanomedicine LabFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science CentreManchesterM13 9PTUK
- National Graphene InstituteThe University of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PLUK
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and InflammationFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science CentreManchesterM13 9PTUK
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12
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Fan L, Li W, Ma J, Cheng M, Xie L, Ye Z, Xie Y, Wang B, Yu L, Zhou Y, Chen W. Benzo(a)pyrene induces airway epithelial injury through Wnt5a-mediated non-canonical Wnt-YAP/TAZ signaling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:151965. [PMID: 34838920 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wnt5a is a key mediator of non-canonical Wnt signaling, and an early indicator of epithelial injury and lung dysfunction. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) could induce acute pulmonary pathogenesis, of which the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To elucidate the potential role of Wnt5a-mediated non-canonical Wnt-YAP/TAZ signaling in the lung injury induced by short-term exposure of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP, a representative PAHs), intratracheally instilled mouse model was used and further interfered with its Wnt5a level by small molecule antagonists and agonists. Our data revealed that BaP exposure induced the lung inflammatory response and reduced the expression of Clara cell secretory protein (CC16) in a dose-dependent manner. More importantly, the activation of Wnt5a and downstream YAP/TAZ were accompanied with the enhanced release of epithelial-derived thymic stromal lymphopoietin and interleukin-33, which acted as pro-inflammatory cytokines. Functionally, inhibition of Wnt5a attenuated the BaP-induced inflammation and recuperated CC16 expression, as well as suppressed the epithelial cytokines release. Whereas promoting Wnt5a expression affected the toxic effects of BaP oppositely. Our findings together suggest that Wnt5a is a potential endogenous regulator in lung inflammation and airway epithelial injury, and Wnt5a-YAP/TAZ signaling contributes to lung dysfunction in acute exposure to BaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieyang Fan
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Jixuan Ma
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Man Cheng
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zi Ye
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yujia Xie
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Linling Yu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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13
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Liu A, Li X, Hao Z, Cao J, Li H, Sun M, Zhang Z, Liang R, Zhang H. Alterations of DNA methylation and mRNA levels of CYP1A1, GSTP1, and GSTM1 in human bronchial epithelial cells induced by benzo[a]pyrene. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:127-138. [PMID: 35193440 DOI: 10.1177/07482337211069233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a known human carcinogen and plays a major function in the initiation of lung cancer at its first proximity. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are less well understood. In this study, we investigated the impact of B[a]P treatment on the DNA methylation and mRNA levels of CYP1A1, GSTP1, and GSTM1 in human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBEs), and provide scientific evidence for the mechanism study on the carcinogenesis of B[a]P. We treated 16HBEs with DMSO or concentrations of B[a]P at 1, 2, and 5 mmol/L for 24 h, observed the morphological changes, determined the cell viability, DNA methylation, and mRNA levels of CYP1A1, GSTP1, and GSTM1. Compared to the DMSO controls, B[a]P treatment had significantly increased the neoplastic cell number and cell viability in 16HBEs at all three doses (1, 2, and 5 mmol/L), and had significantly reduced the CYP1A1 and GSTP1 DNA promoter methylation levels. Following B[a]P treatment, the GSTM1 promoter methylation level in 16HBEs was profoundly reduced at low dose group compared to the DMSO controls, yet it was significantly increased at both middle and high dose groups. The mRNA levels of CYP1A1, GSTP1, and GSTM1 were significantly decreased in 16HBEs following B[a]P treatment at all three doses. The findings demonstrate that B[a]P promoted cell proliferation in 16HBEs, which was possibly related to the altered DNA methylations and the inhibited mRNA levels in CYP1A1, GSTP1, and GSTM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixiang Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, 74648Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.,Department of Health Information Management, 74648Shanxi Medical University Fenyang College, Fenyang, Shanxi, China
| | - Xin Li
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention, 442190Taiyuan Iron and Steel Co Ltd, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhongsuo Hao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, 74648Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Cao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, 74648Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, 74648Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, 74648Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, 74648Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruifeng Liang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, 74648Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, 74648Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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14
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Regulation of inflammation and COX-2 gene expression in benzo (a) pyrene induced lung carcinogenesis in mice by all trans retinoic acid (ATRA). Life Sci 2021; 285:119967. [PMID: 34543639 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM Inflammation provides favourable microenvironment for cancer development. An enhanced COX-2 gene expression is a key inflammatory mediator of cancers and the drug that inhibits it, helps to manage cancer effectively and increases survival rate. The objective is to analyse the inflammatory changes and COX-2 gene expression in benzo (a) pyrene induced mice and to evaluate the regulatory effect of all trans retinoic acid. MATERIALS AND METHODS The body and organ weights were recorded in B(a)P induced mice. The haematological parameters and serum inflammatory markers of carcinogenesis were tested. The H & E stained liver and lung tissues were examined for histopathologic changes. The COX-2 gene expression was analysed by RT-PCR and qPCR in lung and liver. KEY FINDINGS The decreased body weight, increased organ weights and the damages in liver and lung were observed in B(a)P induced mice and were prevented significantly upon ATRA treatment. The lowered Hb, RBC and lymphocytes and an enhanced WBC, monocytes and neutrophils observed in B(a)P group were significantly reversed in treated group. A drastic increase in cancer associated inflammatory markers observed in B(a)P induced mice were significantly (P ≤ 0.001) reduced in treated mice. The RT-PCR product density of COX-2 gene was very high in B(a)P group (lung-0.43 ± 0.06; liver-0.39 ± 0.04) significantly lower in treated group (lung-0.12 ± 0.03; liver-0.08 ± 0.03) with a significant difference in RQ values (B(a)P lung-18.46 ± 0.04, liver-12.46 ± 0.08; treated lung-5.93 ± 0.07, liver-2.92 ± 0.10). SIGNIFICANCE The ATRA has decreased the inflammatory condition with downregulation of COX-2 gene expression and thereby prevented carcinogenesis during early stage of B(a)P induced cancer development.
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15
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Kuang H, Dai Y, Ding X, Li Y, Cha C, Jiang W, Zhang H, Zhou W, Zeng Y, Pang Q, Fan R. Association among blood BPDE-DNA adduct, serum interleukin-8 (IL-8) and DNA strand breaks for children with pulmonary diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2021; 31:823-834. [PMID: 31722538 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2019.1690638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) may be a risk factor for pulmonary diseases. To investigate the correlations among B[a]P exposure level, DNA strand breaks and pulmonary inflammation, we recruited 83 children diagnosed with pulmonary diseases and 63 healthy children from Guangzhou, China. Results showed that the levels of Benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE) DNA adduct in blood and IL-8 in serum in case group were significantly higher than those in control group (p < 0.01). Moreover, levels of atmospheric B[a]P in case group was about twice of those in control group, which was consistent with the levels of BPDE-DNA adduct in blood. Significant positive correlations were observed among the levels of BPDE-DNA adduct, IL-8 and DNA strand breaks (p < 0.05). Our findings indicate that environmental air is an important exposure source of B[a]P and higher B[a]P exposure may contribute to the occurrence of pulmonary inflammation and lead to high health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxuan Kuang
- South China Normal University-Panyu Central Hospital Joint Laboratory of Translational Medical Research, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonghong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caihui Cha
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Jiang
- Department of Respiration, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenji Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingwei Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qihua Pang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruifang Fan
- South China Normal University-Panyu Central Hospital Joint Laboratory of Translational Medical Research, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Dračínská H, Indra R, Jelínková S, Černá V, Arlt VM, Stiborová M. Benzo[ a]pyrene-Induced Genotoxicity in Rats Is Affected by Co-Exposure to Sudan I by Altering the Expression of Biotransformation Enzymes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158062. [PMID: 34360828 PMCID: PMC8347376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The environmental pollutant benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a human carcinogen that reacts with DNA after metabolic activation catalysed by cytochromes P450 (CYP) 1A1 and 1B1 together with microsomal epoxide hydrolase. The azo dye Sudan I is a potent inducer of CYP1A1/2. Here, Wistar rats were either treated with single doses of BaP (150 mg/kg bw) or Sudan I (50 mg/kg bw) alone or with both compounds in combination to explore BaP-derived DNA adduct formation in vivo. Using 32P-postlabelling, DNA adducts generated by BaP-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide were found in livers of rats treated with BaP alone or co-exposed to Sudan I. During co-exposure to Sudan I prior to BaP treatment, BaP-DNA adduct levels increased 2.1-fold in comparison to BaP treatment alone. Similarly, hepatic microsomes isolated from rats exposed to Sudan I prior to BaP treatment were also the most effective in generating DNA adducts in vitro with the activated metabolites BaP-7,8-dihydrodiol or BaP-9-ol as intermediates. DNA adduct formation correlated with changes in the expression and/or enzyme activities of CYP1A1, 1A2 and 1B1 in hepatic microsomes. Thus, BaP genotoxicity in rats in vivo appears to be related to the enhanced expression and/or activity of hepatic CYP1A1/2 and 1B1 caused by exposure of rats to the studied compounds. Our results indicate that the industrially employed azo dye Sudan I potentiates the genotoxicity of the human carcinogen BaP, and exposure to both substances at the same time seems to be hazardous to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Dračínská
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.I.); (S.J.); (V.Č.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-221-951-241
| | - Radek Indra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.I.); (S.J.); (V.Č.)
| | - Sandra Jelínková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.I.); (S.J.); (V.Č.)
| | - Věra Černá
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.I.); (S.J.); (V.Č.)
| | | | - Marie Stiborová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.I.); (S.J.); (V.Č.)
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Ung TT, Nguyen TT, Li S, Han JY, Jung YD. Nicotine stimulates CYP1A1 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells via AP-1, NF-κB, and AhR. Toxicol Lett 2021; 349:155-164. [PMID: 34171359 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) is a member of a subfamily of enzymes involved in the metabolism of both endogenous and exogenous substrates and the chemical activation of xenobiotics to carcinogenic derivatives. Here, the effects of nicotine, a major psychoactive compound present in cigarette smoke, on CYP1A1 expression and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell proliferation were investigated. Nicotine stimulated CYP1A1 expression via the transcription factors, activator protein 1, nuclear factor-kappa B, and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathway. Pharmacological inhibition and mutagenesis studies indicated that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, as well as RelA (or p65), mediated the upregulation of CYP1A1 of nicotine in HepG2 cells. The antioxidant compound, N-acetyl-cysteine, abrogated nicotine-activated production of reactive oxygen species and inhibited CYP1A1 expression by nicotine. Furthermore, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity was inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium (an NADPH oxidase inhibitor). Thus, these results demonstrated that AhR played an important role in nicotine-induced CYP1A1 expression. Additionally, liver hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells treated with nicotine exhibited markedly enhanced proliferation via CYP1A1 expression and Akt activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trong Thuan Ung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea; Nanogen Biopharmaceutical Company, Lot I - 5C Saigon Hitech Park, Tang Nhon Phu A Ward, District 9, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Thinh Nguyen
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea; Nanogen Biopharmaceutical Company, Lot I - 5C Saigon Hitech Park, Tang Nhon Phu A Ward, District 9, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Shinan Li
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Han
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea; Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Do Jung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
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18
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D'Evelyn SM, Vogel C, Bein KJ, Lara B, Laing EA, Abarca RA, Zhang Q, Li L, Li J, Nguyen TB, Pinkerton KE. Differential inflammatory potential of particulate matter (PM) size fractions from Imperial Valley, CA. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT (OXFORD, ENGLAND : 1994) 2021; 244:117992. [PMID: 33184556 PMCID: PMC7654835 DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) in Imperial Valley originates from a variety of sources such as agriculture, traffic at the border crossing, emissions from the cross-border city of Mexicali, and the drying lakebed of the Salton Sea. Dust storms in Imperial Valley, California regularly lead to exceedances of the federal air quality standards for PM10 (diameter less than 10 microns). To determine if there are differences in the composition and biological response to Imperial County PM by size, ambient PM samples were collected from a sampling unit stationed in the northern-most part of the valley, South of the Salton Sea. Ultrafine, fine, and coarse PM samples were collected and extracted separately. Chemical composition of each size fraction was obtained after extraction by using several analytical techniques, and biological response was measured by exposing a cell line of macrophages to particles and quantifying subsequent gene expression. Biological measurements demonstrated coarse PM induced an inflammatory response in macrophages measured in increases of inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and CXCL2 expression, whereas ultrafine and fine PM only demonstrated significant increases in expression of CYP1a1. These differential responses were due not only to particle size, but to the distinct chemical profiles of each size faction as well. Community groups in Imperial Valley have already completed several projects to learn more about local air quality, giving residents access to data that provides real-time levels of PM2.5 and PM10 as well as recommendations on health-based practices dependent on the current AQI (air quality index). However, to date there is no information on the composition or toxicity of ambient PM from the region. The data presented here could provide more definitive information on the toxicity of PM by size, and further inform the community on local air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M D'Evelyn
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis
| | - Cfa Vogel
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis
| | - K J Bein
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis
| | | | - E A Laing
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis
| | - R A Abarca
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis
| | - Q Zhang
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis
| | - L Li
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis
| | - J Li
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis
| | - T B Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis
| | - K E Pinkerton
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis
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19
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Kuang H, Liu J, Zeng Y, Zhou W, Wu P, Tan J, Li Y, Pang Q, Jiang W, Fan R. Co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene and toluene may impair lung function by increasing oxidative damage and airway inflammation in asthmatic children. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115220. [PMID: 32707352 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As previous studies found that the direct associations between urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), benzene and toluene (BT) metabolites and the decreased lung function were not conclusive, we further investigated relationship of oxidative damage and airway inflammation induced by PAHs and BTs exposure with lung function. A total of 262 children diagnosed with asthma and 72 heathy children were recruited. Results showed that asthmatic children had higher levels of PAHs and BTs exposure, as well as Malonaldehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) compared with healthy children. Furthermore, binary logistic regression showed that each unit increases in level of urinary 2-&3-hydroxyfluorene (2-&3-OHF), 2-hydroxyphenanthrene (2-OHPhe), 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-OHP) and S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) were significantly associated with an elevated risk of asthma in children with odds ratios of 1.5, 2.3, 1.7 and 1.4, respectively, suggesting that PAHs and BTs exposure could increase the risk of asthma for children. Neither PAH nor BT metabolite could comprehensively indicate the decreased lung function as only 2-&3-OHF and 1-OHP were significantly and negatively correlated with forced vital capacity (FVC). Moreover, levels of most individual PAH and BT metabolite were significantly correlated to MDA and 8-OHdG. Further hierarchical regression analysis indicated that MDA and 8-OHdG levels did not show significant effects on the decreased lung function, suggesting that they are not the suitable biomarkers to indirectly indicate the altered lung function induced by PAHs and BTs. Urinary 2-OHPhe and 1-&9-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-&9-OHPhe) were significantly correlated with fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). Moreover, FeNO significantly contributed to decreased lung function and explained 7.7% of variance in ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FVC (FEV1/FVC%). Hence, FeNO, rather than oxidative damage indicators or any urinary PAH and BT metabolite, is more sensitive to indirectly reflect the decreased lung function induced by PAHs and BTs exposure for asthmatic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxuan Kuang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yingwei Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wenji Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Peiqiong Wu
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jianhua Tan
- Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou, 511447, China
| | - Yonghong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Qihua Pang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wenhui Jiang
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Ruifang Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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20
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Deng J, Chen X, Wang D, Song Y, Chen Y, Ouyang D, Liang Y, Sun Y, Li M. Protective effect of hawthorn extract against genotoxicity induced by benzo(<alpha>)pyrene in C57BL/6 mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 200:110761. [PMID: 32470682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Benzo(<alpha>)pyrene [B(<alpha>)P], widely originated from environmental pollution or food process such as roasting and frying, is a strong mutagen and potent carcinogen. Utilization of hawthorn has been reported against physical mutagens. Our study found that hawthorn extract (HE) contained abundant phenolic compounds, wherein chlorogenic acid was 2.78 mg/g, procyanidine B2 was 3.58 mg/g, epicatechin was 2.99 mg/g DW, which may contribute to anti-genotoxicity activity. So, the role of HE against B(<alpha>)P-induced genotoxicity in C57BL/6 mice was further assessed. Fifty mice were distributed into five groups: control group, B(<alpha>)P group (30 mg/kg, i.p.), B(<alpha>)P + HE-L group (100 mg/kg, i.g.), B(<alpha>)P + HE-M group (200 mg/kg, i.g.), B(<alpha>)P + HE-H group (400 mg/kg, i.g.). Mice were orally administered with solutions of HE for 10 days and injected intraperitoneally with B(<alpha>)P for 3 days from the 8th day. Results showed that B(<alpha>)P can induce significantly pathological damage in liver, lung and spleen, as well as decrease white blood cells (WBCs). Remarkably elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA strand breaks (DSBs) and G1 cell cycle arrest were also found in B(<alpha>)P group, with upregulated expressions of p-H2AX, p-p53 and p21 in bone marrow cells. With administration of HE, liver, lung and spleen injury significantly mitigated, while WBCs were evidently increased in B(<alpha>)P-treated mice. Consistently, HE markedly reduced level of ROS, DSBs and G1 cell cycle arrest accompanied by reducing expressions of p-H2AX, p-p53 and p21 in bone marrow cells. Combined, these results indicated a protective role of HE on B(<alpha>)P-induced genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Ximiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Da Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Ya Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Yongchun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Dongmei Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Yuanming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
| | - Meiying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
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21
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Hester J, Ventetuolo C, Lahm T. Sex, Gender, and Sex Hormones in Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Ventricular Failure. Compr Physiol 2019; 10:125-170. [PMID: 31853950 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c190011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) encompasses a syndrome of diseases that are characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular remodeling and that frequently lead to right ventricular (RV) failure and death. Several types of PH exhibit sexually dimorphic features in disease penetrance, presentation, and progression. Most sexually dimorphic features in PH have been described in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a devastating and progressive pulmonary vasculopathy with a 3-year survival rate <60%. While patient registries show that women are more susceptible to development of PAH, female PAH patients display better RV function and increased survival compared to their male counterparts, a phenomenon referred to as the "estrogen paradox" or "estrogen puzzle" of PAH. Recent advances in the field have demonstrated that multiple sex hormones, receptors, and metabolites play a role in the estrogen puzzle and that the effects of hormone signaling may be time and compartment specific. While the underlying physiological mechanisms are complex, unraveling the estrogen puzzle may reveal novel therapeutic strategies to treat and reverse the effects of PAH/PH. In this article, we (i) review PH classification and pathophysiology; (ii) discuss sex/gender differences observed in patients and animal models; (iii) review sex hormone synthesis and metabolism; (iv) review in detail the scientific literature of sex hormone signaling in PAH/PH, particularly estrogen-, testosterone-, progesterone-, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-mediated effects in the pulmonary vasculature and RV; (v) discuss hormone-independent variables contributing to sexually dimorphic disease presentation; and (vi) identify knowledge gaps and pathways forward. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:125-170, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Hester
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, Occupational and Sleep Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Corey Ventetuolo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.,Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Tim Lahm
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, Occupational and Sleep Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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22
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Ávila-Gálvez MA, Giménez-Bastida JA, González-Sarrías A, Espín JC. Tissue deconjugation of urolithin A glucuronide to free urolithin A in systemic inflammation. Food Funct 2019; 10:3135-3141. [PMID: 31041969 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00298g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Urolithin A (Uro-A) is an anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive metabolite produced by the gut microbiota from the polyphenol ellagic acid. However, in vivo conjugation of Uro-A to Uro-A glucuronide (Uro-A glur) dramatically hampers its activity. We describe here for the first time the tissue deconjugation of Uro-A glur to Uro-A after lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, which could explain the systemic in vivo activity of free Uro-A in microenvironments subjected to inflammatory stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Ávila-Gálvez
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
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23
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Carrà A, Guidolin V, Dator RP, Upadhyaya P, Kassie F, Villalta PW, Balbo S. Targeted High Resolution LC/MS 3 Adductomics Method for the Characterization of Endogenous DNA Damage. Front Chem 2019; 7:658. [PMID: 31709223 PMCID: PMC6822301 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA can be damaged through covalent modifications of the nucleobases by endogenous processes. These modifications, commonly referred to as DNA adducts, can persist and may lead to mutations, and ultimately to the initiation of cancer. A screening methodology for the majority of known endogenous DNA adducts would be a powerful tool for investigating the etiology of cancer and for the identification of individuals at high-risk to the detrimental effects of DNA damage. This idea led to the development of a DNA adductomic approach using high resolution data-dependent scanning, an extensive MS2 fragmentation inclusion list of known endogenous adducts, and neutral loss MS3 triggering to profile all DNA modifications. In this method, the detection of endogenous DNA adducts is performed by observation of their corresponding MS3 neutral loss triggered events and their relative quantitation using the corresponding full scan extracted ion chromatograms. The method's inclusion list consists of the majority of known endogenous DNA adducts, compiled, and reported here, as well as adducts specific to tobacco exposure included to compare the performance of the method with previously developed targeted approaches. The sensitivity of the method was maximized by reduction of extraneous background signal through the purification and minimization of the amount of commercially obtained enzymes used for the DNA hydrolysis. In addition, post-hydrolysis sample purification was performed using off-line HPLC fraction collection to eliminate the highly abundant unmodified bases, and to avoid introduction of plasticizers found in solid-phase extraction cartridges. Also, several instrument parameters were evaluated to optimize the ion signal intensities and fragmentation spectra quality. The method was tested on an animal model of lung carcinogenesis where A/J mice were exposed to the tobacco specific lung carcinogen 4-methylnitrosamino-1-3-pyridyl-1-butanone (NNK) with its effects enhanced by co-exposure to the pro-inflammatory agent lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Lung DNA were screened for endogenous DNA adducts known to result from oxidative stress and LPS-induced lipid peroxidation, as well as for adducts due to NNK exposure. The relative quantitation of the detected DNA adducts was performed using parallel reaction monitoring MS2 analysis, demonstrating a general workflow for analysis of endogenous DNA adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter W. Villalta
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Silvia Balbo
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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24
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Rynning I, Neca J, Vrbova K, Libalova H, Rossner P, Holme JA, Gützkow KB, Afanou AKJ, Arnoldussen YJ, Hruba E, Skare Ø, Haugen A, Topinka J, Machala M, Mollerup S. In Vitro Transformation of Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Diesel Exhaust Particles: Gene Expression Profiling and Early Toxic Responses. Toxicol Sci 2019; 166:51-64. [PMID: 30010986 PMCID: PMC6204768 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational exposure to diesel exhaust may cause lung cancer in humans. Mechanisms include DNA-damage and inflammatory responses. Here, the potential of NIST SRM2975 diesel exhaust particles (DEP) to transform human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC3) in vitro was investigated. Long-term exposure of HBEC3 to DEP led to increased colony growth in soft agar. Several DEP-transformed cell lines were established and based on the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) marker genes, one of them (T2-HBEC3) was further characterized. T2-HBEC3 showed a mesenchymal/fibroblast-like morphology, reduced expression of CDH1, and induction of CDH2 and VIM. T2-HBEC3 had reduced migration potential compared with HBEC3 and little invasion capacity. Gene expression profiling showed baseline differences between HBEC3 and T2-HBEC3 linked to lung carcinogenesis. Next, to assess differences in sensitivity to DEP between parental HBEC3 and T2-HBEC3, gene expression profiling was carried out after DEP short-term exposure. Results revealed changes in genes involved in metabolism of xenobiotics and lipids, as well as inflammation. HBEC3 displayed a higher steady state of IL1B gene expression and release of IL-1β compared with T2-HBEC3. HBEC3 and T2-HBEC3 showed similar susceptibility towards DEP-induced genotoxic effects. Liquid-chromatography-tandem-mass-spectrometry was used to measure secretion of eicosanoids. Generally, major prostaglandin species were released in higher concentrations from T2-HBEC3 than from HBEC3 and several analytes were altered after DEP-exposure. In conclusion, long-term exposure to DEP-transformed human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro. Differences between HBEC3 and T2-HBEC3 regarding baseline levels and DEP-induced changes of particularly CYP1A1, IL-1β, PGE2, and PGF2α may have implications for acute inflammation and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iselin Rynning
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Work Environment, Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jiri Neca
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Vrbova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Libalova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Rossner
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jørn A Holme
- Division of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Department of Air and Noise
| | - Kristine B Gützkow
- Division of Infection Control, Department of Molecular Biology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anani K Johnny Afanou
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Work Environment, Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - Yke J Arnoldussen
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Work Environment, Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Hruba
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Øivind Skare
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - Aage Haugen
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Work Environment, Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Steen Mollerup
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Work Environment, Department of Chemical and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, N-0304 Oslo, Norway
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25
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Hartog M, Zhang QY, Ding X. Role of mouse cytochrome P450 enzymes of the CYP2ABFGS subfamilies in the induction of lung inflammation by cigarette smoke exposure. Toxicol Sci 2019; 172:123-131. [PMID: 31388674 PMCID: PMC6813748 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many constituents of tobacco smoke (TS) require bioactivation to exert toxic effects; however, few studies have examined the role of bioactivation enzymes in the adverse effects of TS exposure. This knowledge gap is a major source of uncertainty for risk assessment and chemoprevention efforts. OBJECTIVES Our aim is to test the hypothesis that cytochrome P450 (P450) enzyme mediated bioactivation is essential to the development of TS exposure-induced lung toxicity, by determining the contributions of P450 enzymes in the mouse Cyp2abfgs gene subfamilies to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)-induced lung inflammation. METHODS Adult female wildtype (WT) and Cyp2abfgs-null mice (both on C57BL/6J background) were exposed to filtered air or ETS, intermittently, for 1 or 2 weeks. Lung inflammation was assessed by quantification of inflammatory cells, cytokines, chemokines, proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and histopathological analysis. Glutathione (GSH) conjugates of two ETS constituents, naphthalene (NA) and 3-methylindole (3MI), were measured in mice exposed to ETS for four hours. RESULTS Persistent macrophagic and neutrophilic lung inflammation was observed in ETS-exposed WT mice; the extent of which was significantly reduced in ETS-exposed Cyp2abfgs-null mice. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, along with the total protein concentration, were increased in cell-free BALF from ETS-exposed WT mice, but not Cyp2abfgs-null mice. Additionally, GSH-conjugates of NA and 3MI were detected in the lungs of WT, but not Cyp2abfgs-null, mice following ETS exposure. CONCLUSIONS These results provide the first in vivo evidence that the mouse Cyp2abfgs gene cluster plays an important role in ETS-induced lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hartog
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY
| | - Qing-Yu Zhang
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson
| | - Xinxin Ding
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY.,Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson
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26
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Sun L, Ruan J, Lu M, Chen M, Dai Z, Zuo Z. Combined effects of ocean acidification and crude oil pollution on tissue damage and lipid metabolism in embryo-larval development of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2019; 41:1847-1860. [PMID: 30066097 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0159-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) and crude oil pollution have been highlighted as some of the most pervasive anthropogenic influences on the ocean.In marine teleosts, early life-history stages are particularly vulnerable to disturbance by CO2-driven acidification as they lack pH-mediated intracellular regulation. Embryos exposed to trace levels of crude oil constituents dissolved in water exhibit a common syndrome of developmental abnormalities. So far, little is known about the combined effects of OA and crude oil on the early life history of marine fish. Eggs and larvae of the marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) were treated with CO2 (1080 μatm atmospheric CO2), the water-soluble fraction (WSF) of crude oil (500 μg/L) and a CO2 (1080 μatm atmospheric CO2)/WSF (500 μg/L) mixture within 4 h after oviposition. Isolated and combined OA/WSF had no detectable effect on embryonic duration, egg survival rate and size at hatching. Histopathological anomalies of tissue and lipid metabolic disorder were significant when CO2 or WSF was given alone at 30 days of age. Combination of CO2 and WSF enhanced their toxicity compared to their separate administration. Since the early life-history stage of marine fish is thought to be impacted more heavily by increasing CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) levels and crude oil pollution, OA and crude oil pollution have the potential to act as an additional source of natural mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinpeng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Mengchao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Meng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhongliang Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Intake of Molecular Hydrogen in Drinking Water Increases Membrane Transporters, p-Glycoprotein, and Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2 without Affecting Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes in Rat Liver. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142627. [PMID: 31330936 PMCID: PMC6680492 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular hydrogen (H2) has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities that may reduce the development and progression of many diseases. In this study, hydrogen-rich water (HRW) was obtained by reacting hybrid magnesium–carbon hydrogen storage materials with water. Then, the effects of intake of HRW on the activities of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, membrane transporters, and oxidative stress in rats were investigated. Rats were given HRW ad libitum for four weeks. The results showed that intake of HRW had no significant effect on the activities of various cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (CYP1A1, 1A2, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E1, 3A, and 4A), glutathione-S-transferase, and Uridine 5′-diphospho (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase. Except for a mild lower plasma glucose concentration, intake of HRW had no effect on other plasma biochemical parameters in rats. p-Glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein (Mrp) 2 protein expressions in liver were elevated after intake of HRW. However, HRW had no significant effects on glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, or lipid peroxidation in liver. The results from this study suggest that consumption of HRW may not affect xenobiotic metabolism or oxidative stress in liver. However, intake of HRW may increase the efflux of xenobiotics or toxic substances from the liver into bile by enhancing p-glycoprotein and Mrp2 protein expressions.
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Chang Y, Siddens LK, Heine LK, Sampson DA, Yu Z, Fischer KA, Löhr CV, Tilton SC. Comparative mechanisms of PAH toxicity by benzo[a]pyrene and dibenzo[def,p]chrysene in primary human bronchial epithelial cells cultured at air-liquid interface. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 379:114644. [PMID: 31255691 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Current assumption for assessing carcinogenic risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is that they function through a common mechanism of action; however, recent studies demonstrate that PAHs can act through unique mechanisms potentially contributing to cancer outcomes in a non-additive manner. Using a primary human 3D bronchial epithelial culture (HBEC) model, we assessed potential differences in mechanism of toxicity for two PAHs, benzo[a]pyrene (BAP) and dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC), compared to a complex PAH mixture based on short-term biosignatures identified from transcriptional profiling. Differentiated bronchial epithelial cells were treated with BAP (100-500 μg/ml), DBC (10 μg/ml), and coal tar extract (CTE 500-1500 μg/ml, SRM1597a) for 48 h and gene expression was measured by RNA sequencing or quantitative PCR. Comparison of BAP and DBC gene signatures showed that the majority of genes (~60%) were uniquely regulated by treatment, including signaling pathways for inflammation and DNA damage by DBC and processes for cell cycle, hypoxia and oxidative stress by BAP. Specifically, BAP upregulated targets of AhR, NRF2, and KLF4, while DBC downregulated these same targets, suggesting a chemical-specific pattern in transcriptional regulation involved in antioxidant response, potentially contributing to differences in PAH potency. Other processes were regulated in common by all PAH treatments, BAP, DBC and CTE, including downregulation of genes involved in cell adhesion and reduced functional measurements of barrier integrity. This work supports prior in vivo studies and demonstrates the utility of profiling short-term biosignatures in an organotypic 3D model to identify mechanisms linked to carcinogenic risk of PAHs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Chang
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Lisbeth K Siddens
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Lauren K Heine
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - David A Sampson
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Zhen Yu
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Kay A Fischer
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Christiane V Löhr
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Susan C Tilton
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
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29
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Huang L, Duan S, Shao H, Zhang A, Chen S, Zhang P, Wang N, Wang W, Wu Y, Wang J, Liu H, Yao W, Zhang Q, Feng F. NLRP3 deletion inhibits inflammation-driven mouse lung tumorigenesis induced by benzo(a)pyrene and lipopolysaccharide. Respir Res 2019; 20:20. [PMID: 30696442 PMCID: PMC6352353 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-0983-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory micro-environment has been proposed to play a critical role in lung tumorigenesis. NLRP3 is known as an intracellular receptor involving inflammation and has been reported which is increasingly associated with tumor development, but the role in inflammation-driven lung cancer has not been fully clarified. In this study, we investigated whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pulmonary inflammation could contribute to lung tumorigenesis induced by benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)p] in C57BL/6J mice and the role of NLRP3 in the pathogenesis. Methods NLRP3−/− mice and C57BL/6J mice (wide-type, WT) were instilled intratracheally with B(a)p (1 mg/mouse) once a week for 4 times [the week of the last time of B(a)p treatment named Week 0], and mice were then instilled intratracheally with LPS at Week 3, 2.5 μg/mouse, once every three weeks for 5 times. At Week 30, the incidence, number, size and histopathology of lung tumor were analyzed. Results Mice exposed to B(a)p or B(a)p plus LPS could induce lung tumors, whereas LPS or vehicles treatment could not induce lung tumorigenesis. In WT mice, B(a)p plus LPS exposure significantly increased tumor incidence, mean tumor count and tumor size of visible tumors of lungs compared with B(a)p treatment alone, and NLRP3 deletion inhibited lung tumorigenesis induced by B(a)p or B(a)p plus LPS. Histopathological examination found LPS-induced pulmonary inflammatory changes enhanced lung tumorigenesis induced by B(a)p in WT mice, deletion of NLRP3 improved the inflammatory changes induced by LPS and the number and size of pathological tumor nests induced by B(a)p or B(a)p plus LPS. In addition, we found B(a)p treatment and B(a)p plus LPS treatment predominately induced the development of adenoma. Conclusion LPS enhanced B(a)p-induced lung tumorigenesis in WT and NLRP3−/− mice of C57BL/6J strain, and NLRP3 deletion inhibits lung tumorigenesis induced by B(a)p or B(a)p plus LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan province, China
| | - Shuyin Duan
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan province, China
| | - Hua Shao
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan province, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Cancer, Cancer, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan province, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan province, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan province, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan province, China.
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30
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Palazzi P, Mezzache S, Bourokba N, Hardy EM, Schritz A, Bastien P, Emond C, Li J, Soeur J, Appenzeller BMR. Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in women living in the Chinese cities of BaoDing and Dalian revealed by hair analysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 121:1341-1354. [PMID: 30420128 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are produced from incomplete combustion of organic matter and released as environmental contaminants from activities such as transports, wood combustion, coal-fired power plants. In numerous urban areas worldwide, the levels of PAH exposure are considered critical regarding public health issues. The possibility to detect PAH and PAH metabolites biologically incorporated in human hair was demonstrated and proposed as biomarkers of exposure. Nevertheless, the possibility to distinguish different levels of exposure between different populations is still needed to validate the relevance of hair analysis in epidemiological studies. In this work, hair samples were collected from 204 women from two cities in China based on one year Air Quality Index history from governmental data (Baoding as polluted city and Dalian less polluted city). 8 out of the 15 parent PAH and 7 out of the 56 metabolites analyzed in this study were detected in all the samples. The highest concentrations in hair were observed for phenanthrene (4.2 to 889 pg/mg) > fluoranthene (1.05 to 204 pg/mg) > pyrene (3.2 to 124 pg/mg) for parent PAH, and for 9-OH-fluorene (0.04 to 1.78 pg/mg) > 2-OH-naphthalene (0.68 to 811 pg/mg) > 1-OH-anthracene (0.24 to 10.9 pg/mg) for metabolites. 14 parent PAH and 15 metabolites presented a significantly higher concentration in the hair samples collected from Baoding, as compared to Dalian. The median concentration of parent PAH was from 1.5 to 2.8 times higher in the hair of the subjects from Baoding than in subjects from Dalian and that of PAH metabolites was from 1 to 2.3 times higher. The study of inter-chemical associations revealed similarities and differences between the two areas, suggesting common and different sources of exposure depending on PAH respectively. The results confirmed the relevance of hair analysis to identify qualitative and quantitative differences in PAH exposure between populations from different areas. This study is the first one to investigate both parent PAH and their metabolites in a biological matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Palazzi
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Sakina Mezzache
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93601 Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | - Nasrine Bourokba
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Biopolis Drive, Synapse, 138623, Singapore
| | - Emilie M Hardy
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Anna Schritz
- Competence Center for Methodology and Statistics, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Philippe Bastien
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93601 Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | - Claude Emond
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Jing Li
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, No. 550 JinYu Rd., Pudong New Area, China
| | - Jeremie Soeur
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller BP22, 93601 Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | - Brice M R Appenzeller
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg.
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31
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Inevitable dietary exposure of Benzo[a]pyrene: carcinogenic risk assessment an emerging issues and concerns. Curr Opin Food Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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32
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Shao P, Guo N, Wang C, Zhao M, Yi L, Liu C, Kang L, Cao L, Lv P, Xing L, Zhang X, Shen H. Aflatoxin G
1
induced TNF‐α‐dependent lung inflammation to enhance DNA damage in alveolar epithelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9194-9206. [PMID: 30478833 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peilu Shao
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
- Department of Pathology The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
| | - Ningfei Guo
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Pathology The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
| | - Mei Zhao
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
| | - Li Yi
- Department of Pathology The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
| | - Chunping Liu
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
| | - Lifei Kang
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
| | - Lei Cao
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
| | - Ping Lv
- Department of Pharmacology Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
| | - Lingxiao Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
| | - Xianghong Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
- Department of Pathology The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
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Sharma R, Williams IS, Gatchie L, Sonawane VR, Chaudhuri B, Bharate SB. Furanoflavones pongapin and lanceolatin B blocks the cell cycle and induce senescence in CYP1A1-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:6076-6086. [PMID: 30448188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Expression of cytochrome P450-1A1 (CYP1A1) is suppressed under physiologic conditions but is induced (a) by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which can be metabolized by CYP1A1 to carcinogens, and (b) in majority of breast cancers. Hence, phytochemicals or dietary flavonoids, if identified as CYP1A1 inhibitors, may help in preventing PAH-mediated carcinogenesis and breast cancer. Herein, we have investigated the cancer chemopreventive potential of a flavonoid-rich Indian medicinal plant, Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre. Methanolic extract of its seeds inhibits CYP1A1 in CYP1A1-overexpressing normal human HEK293 cells, with IC50 of 0.6 µg/mL. Its secondary metabolites, the furanoflavonoids pongapin/lanceolatin B, inhibit CYP1A1 with IC50 of 20 nM. Although the furanochalcone pongamol inhibits CYP1A1 with IC50 of only 4.4 µM, a semisynthetic pyrazole-derivative P5b, has ∼10-fold improved potency (IC50, 0.49 μM). Pongapin/lanceolatin B and the methanolic extract of P. pinnata seeds protect CYP1A1-overexpressing HEK293 cells from B[a]P-mediated toxicity. Remarkably, they also block the cell cycle of CYP1A1-overexpressing MCF-7 breast cancer cells, at the G0-G1 phase, repress cyclin D1 levels and induce cellular-senescence. Molecular modeling studies demonstrate the interaction pattern of pongapin/lanceolatin B with CYP1A1. The results strongly indicate the potential of methanolic seed-extract and pongapin/lanceolatin B for further development as cancer chemopreventive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Sharma
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Ibidapo S Williams
- CYP Design Ltd, The Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, UK
| | - Linda Gatchie
- CYP Design Ltd, The Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, UK
| | - Vinay R Sonawane
- CYP Design Ltd, The Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, UK
| | - Bhabatosh Chaudhuri
- CYP Design Ltd, The Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, UK; Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.
| | - Sandip B Bharate
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
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Wohak LE, Baranski AC, Krais AM, Schmeiser HH, Phillips DH, Arlt VM. The impact of p53 function on the metabolic activation of the carcinogenic air pollutant 3-nitrobenzanthrone and its metabolites 3-aminobenzanthrone and N-hydroxy-3-aminobenzanthrone in human cells. Mutagenesis 2018; 33:311-321. [PMID: 30215795 PMCID: PMC6180618 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gey025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumour suppressor p53, encoded by TP53, is a key player in a wide network of signalling pathways. We investigated its role in the bioactivation of the environmental carcinogen 3-nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA)found in diesel exhaust and its metabolites 3-aminobenzanthrone (3-ABA) and N-hydroxy-3-aminobenzanthrone (N-OH-3-ABA) in a panel of isogenic human colorectal HCT116 cells differing only with respect to their TP53 status [i.e. TP53(+/+), TP53(+/-), TP53(-/-), TP53(R248W/+) or TP53(R248W/-)]. As a measure of metabolic competence, DNA adduct formation was determined using 32P-postlabelling. Wild-type (WT) p53 did not affect the bioactivation of 3-NBA; no difference in DNA adduct formation was observed in TP53(+/+), TP53(+/-) and TP53(-/-) cells. Bioactivation of both metabolites 3-ABA and N-OH-3-ABA on the other hand was WT-TP53 dependent. Lower 3-ABA- and N-OH-3-ABA-DNA adduct levels were found in TP53(+/-) and TP53(-/-) cells compared to TP53(+/+) cells, and p53's impact was attributed to differences in cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 expression for 3-ABA whereas for N-OH-3-ABA, an impact of this tumour suppressor on sulphotransferase (SULT) 1A1/3 expression was detected. Mutant R248W-p53 protein function was similar to or exceeded the ability of WT-p53 in activating 3-NBA and its metabolites, measured as DNA adducts. However, identification of the xenobiotic-metabolising enzyme(s) (XMEs), through which mutant-p53 regulates these responses, proved difficult to decipher. For example, although both mutant cell lines exhibited higher CYP1A1 induction after 3-NBA treatment compared to TP53(+/+) cells, 3-NBA-derived DNA adduct levels were only higher in TP53(R248W/-) cells but not in TP53(R248W/+) cells. Our results show that p53's influence on carcinogen activation depends on the agent studied and thereby on the XMEs that mediate the bioactivation of that particular compound. The phenomenon of p53 regulating CYP1A1 expression in human cells is consistent with other recent findings; however, this is the first study highlighting the impact of p53 on sulphotransferase-mediated (i.e. SULT1A1) carcinogen metabolism in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Wohak
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King’s College London, London, UK
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Ann-Christin Baranski
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Annette M Krais
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Heinz H Schmeiser
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David H Phillips
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King’s College London, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Health Impact of Environmental Hazards, King’s College London, Public Health England and Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King’s College London, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Health Impact of Environmental Hazards, King’s College London, Public Health England and Imperial College London, London, UK
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35
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Sharma R, Williams IS, Gatchie L, Sonawane VR, Chaudhuri B, Bharate SB. Khellinoflavanone, a Semisynthetic Derivative of Khellin, Overcomes Benzo[ a]pyrene Toxicity in Human Normal and Cancer Cells That Express CYP1A1. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:8553-8566. [PMID: 31458985 PMCID: PMC6645225 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 family 1 (CYP1) enzymes catalyze the metabolic activation of environmental procarcinogens such as benzo[a]pyrene, B[a]P, into carcinogens, which initiates the process of carcinogenesis. Thus, stopping the metabolic activation of procarcinogens can possibly prevent the onset of cancer. Several natural products have been reported to show unique ability in inhibiting CYP1 enzymes. We found that khellin, a naturally occurring furanochromone from Ammi visnaga, inhibits CYP1A1 enzyme with an IC50 value of 4.02 μM in CYP1A1-overexpressing human HEK293 suspension cells. To further explore this natural product for discovery of more potent and selective CYP1A1 inhibitors, two sets of semisynthetic derivatives were prepared. Treatment of khellin with alkali results in opening of a pyrone ring, yielding khellinone (2). Claisen-Schmidt condensation of khellinone (2) with various aldehydes in presence of potassium hydroxide, at room temperature, provides a series of furanochalcones 3a-v (khellinochalcones). Treatment of khellinone (2) with aryl aldehydes in the presence of piperidine, under reflux, affords the flavanone series of compounds 4a-p (khellinoflavanones). The khellinoflavanone 4l potently inhibited CYP1A1 with an IC50 value of 140 nM in live cells, with 170-fold selectivity over CYP1B1 (IC50 for CYP1B1 = 23.8 μM). Compound 4l at 3× IC50 concentration for inhibition of CYP1A1 completely protected HEK293 cells from CYP1A1-mediated B[a]P toxicity. Lung cancer cells, A549 (p53+) and Calu-1 (p53-null), blocked in growth at the S-phase by B[a]P were restored into the cell cycle by compound 4l. The results presented herein strongly indicate the potential of these khellin derivatives for further development as cancer chemopreventive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Sharma
- Natural
Products Chemistry Division, Academy of Scientific & Innovative
Research, and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Ibidapo S. Williams
- CYP
Design Ltd, Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, U.K.
| | - Linda Gatchie
- CYP
Design Ltd, Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, U.K.
| | - Vinay R. Sonawane
- CYP
Design Ltd, Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, U.K.
| | - Bhabatosh Chaudhuri
- Natural
Products Chemistry Division, Academy of Scientific & Innovative
Research, and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- CYP
Design Ltd, Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, U.K.
- E-mail: . Phone: 00-44-1162478994 (B.C.)
| | - Sandip B. Bharate
- Natural
Products Chemistry Division, Academy of Scientific & Innovative
Research, and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- E-mail: . Phone: +91 191 2569006. Fax: +91 191 2569333 (S.B.B.)
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Gu Q, Hu C, Chen N, Qu J. A comparison between lung carcinoma and a subcutaneous malignant tumor induced in rats by a 3,4-benzopyrene injection. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:3934-3942. [PMID: 31949781 PMCID: PMC6962791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common carcinomas worldwide. It is of value to know whether lung is more vulnerable to carcinogens than other tissues. In this study we compared the carcinogenic potential of 3,4-benzopyrene administered by intrapulmonary injection or subcutaneous injection. Ninety rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=30/group). Rats under deep anesthesia were treated with 3,4-benzopyrene by intrapulmonary injection or scapular subcutaneous injection, or with the vehicle by subcutaneous injection. The Rats were sacrificed when they developed advanced somatic sarcomas or severe dyspnea and the rats without severe phenotypes were sacrificed after 1 year. The tumors were isolated and examined with H&E staining. The expression of Bcl-2, CYP1A1, and NF-κB mRNA and protein in somatic sarcoma and lung carcinoma tissues was examined by in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. No tumor development was observed in the control rats. Fifteen of the 30 rats receiving an intrapulmonary injection of 3,4-benzopyrene developed lung carcinomas, whereas all 30 rats treated with subcutaneous injection developed a malignant neoplasm under the skin. Positive Bcl-2, CYP1A1, and NF-κB protein staining was observed in lung carcinoma and subcutaneous malignant neoplasm but Bcl-2 protein expression was much stronger in subcutaneous malignant neoplasms than in lung carcinoma. The expression pattern of Bcl-2, CYP1A1, and NF-κB mRNA in lung carcinoma and subcutaneous malignant neoplasms was consistent with its protein expression. Our results indicated that the lung is not more vulnerable to carcinogens than other tissues. The lung may acquire a protective mechanism against lung carcinogenesis through regulation of Bcl-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihua Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Affiliated to Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
- Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseChangsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Affiliated to Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
- Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseChangsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Ni Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Affiliated to Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
- Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseChangsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Qu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Affiliated to Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
- Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseChangsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
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Rangi S, Dhatwalia SK, Bhardwaj P, Kumar M, Dhawan D. Evidence of similar protective effects afforded by white tea and its active component ‘EGCG’ on oxidative-stress mediated hepatic dysfunction during benzo(a)pyrene induced toxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 116:281-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Stiborová M, Dračínská H, Bořek-Dohalská L, Klusoňová Z, Holecová J, Martínková M, Schmeiser HH, Arlt VM. Exposure to endocrine disruptors 17alpha-ethinylestradiol and estradiol influences cytochrome P450 1A1-mediated genotoxicity of benzo[a]pyrene and expression of this enzyme in rats. Toxicology 2018; 400-401:48-56. [PMID: 29649501 PMCID: PMC6593260 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and estradiol affect genotoxicity of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in rats. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and 1B1 are induced in rats by BaP but not EE2 and estradiol. Exposure of rats to EE2, estradiol and BaP decreased BaP-DNA adduct formation in vivo. The decrease results from inhibition of CYP1A1-mediated BaP activation by EE2 and estradiol.
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are compounds that interfere with the balance of the endocrine system by mimicking or antagonising the effects of endogenous hormones, by altering the synthesis and metabolism of natural hormones, or by modifying hormone receptor levels. The synthetic estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and the environmental carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) are exogenous EDs whereas the estrogenic hormone 17β-estradiol is a natural endogenous ED. Although the biological effects of these individual EDs have partially been studied previously, their toxicity when acting in combination has not yet been investigated. Here we treated Wistar rats with BaP, EE2 and estradiol alone or in combination and studied the influence of EE2 and estradiol on: (i) the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 and 1B1 in rat liver on the transcriptional and translational levels; (ii) the inducibility of these CYP enzymes by BaP in this rat organ; (iii) the formation of BaP-DNA adducts in rat liver in vivo; and (iv) the generation of BaP-induced DNA adducts after activation of BaP with hepatic microsomes of rats exposed to BaP, EE2 and estradiol and with recombinant rat CYP1A1 in vitro. BaP acted as a strong and moderate inducer of CYP1A1 and 1B1 in rat liver, respectively, whereas EE2 or estradiol alone had no effect on the expression of these enzymes. However, when EE2 was administered to rats together with BaP, it significantly decreased the potency of BaP to induce CYP1A1 and 1B1 gene expression. For EE2, but not estradiol, this also correlated with a reduction of BaP-induced CYP1A1 enzyme activity in rat hepatic microsomes. Further, while EE2 and estradiol did not form covalent adducts with DNA, they affected BaP-derived DNA adduct formations in vivo and in vitro. The observed decrease in BaP-DNA adduct levels in rat liver in vivo resulted from the inhibition of CYP1A1-mediated BaP bioactivation by EE2 and estradiol. Our results indicate that BaP genotoxicity mediated through its activation by CYP1A1 in rats in vivo is modulated by estradiol and its synthetic derivative EE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Stiborová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Helena Dračínská
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bořek-Dohalská
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Klusoňová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Holecová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Martínková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Heinz H Schmeiser
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
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Willis AJ, Indra R, Wohak LE, Sozeri O, Feser K, Mrizova I, Phillips DH, Stiborova M, Arlt VM. The impact of chemotherapeutic drugs on the CYP1A1-catalysed metabolism of the environmental carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene: Effects in human colorectal HCT116 TP53(+/+), TP53(+/-) and TP53(-/-) cells. Toxicology 2018; 398-399:1-12. [PMID: 29471073 PMCID: PMC6593262 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) can induce cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) via a p53-dependent mechanism. The effect of different p53-activating chemotherapeutic drugs on CYP1A1 expression, and the resultant effect on BaP metabolism, was investigated in a panel of isogenic human colorectal HCT116 cells with differing TP53 status. Cells that were TP53(+/+), TP53(+/-) or TP53(-/-) were treated for up to 48 h with 60 μM cisplatin, 50 μM etoposide or 5 μM ellipticine, each of which caused high p53 induction at moderate cytotoxicity (60-80% cell viability). We found that etoposide and ellipticine induced CYP1A1 in TP53(+/+) cells but not in TP53(-/-) cells, demonstrating that the mechanism of CYP1A1 induction is p53-dependent; cisplatin had no such effect. Co-incubation experiments with the drugs and 2.5 μM BaP showed that: (i) etoposide increased CYP1A1 expression in TP53(+/+) cells, and to a lesser extent in TP53(-/-) cells, compared to cells treated with BaP alone; (ii) ellipticine decreased CYP1A1 expression in TP53(+/+) cells in BaP co-incubations; and (iii) cisplatin did not affect BaP-mediated CYP1A1 expression. Further, whereas cisplatin and etoposide had virtually no influence on CYP1A1-catalysed BaP metabolism, ellipticine treatment strongly inhibited BaP bioactivation. Our results indicate that the underlying mechanisms whereby etoposide and ellipticine regulate CYP1A1 expression must be different and may not be linked to p53 activation alone. These results could be relevant for smokers, who are exposed to increased levels of BaP, when prescribing chemotherapeutic drugs. Beside gene-environment interactions, more considerations should be given to potential drug-environment interactions during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J Willis
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Radek Indra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Laura E Wohak
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Osman Sozeri
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Kerstin Feser
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Iveta Mrizova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - David H Phillips
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health England, London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health England, London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
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40
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Douki T, Corbière C, Preterre D, Martin PJ, Lecureur V, André V, Landkocz Y, Pottier I, Keravec V, Fardel O, Moreira-Rebelo S, Pottier D, Vendeville C, Dionnet F, Gosset P, Billet S, Monteil C, Sichel F. Comparative study of diesel and biodiesel exhausts on lung oxidative stress and genotoxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 235:514-524. [PMID: 29324381 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of diesel exhaust to atmospheric pollution is a major concern for public health, especially in terms of occurrence of lung cancers. The present study aimed at addressing the toxic effects of a repeated exposure to these emissions in an animal study performed under strictly controlled conditions. Rats were repeatedly exposed to the exhaust of diesel engine. Parameters such as the presence of a particle filter or the use of gasoil containing rapeseed methyl ester were investigated. Various biological parameters were monitored in the lungs to assess the toxic and genotoxic effects of the exposure. First, a transcriptomic analysis showed that some pathways related to DNA repair and cell cycle were affected to a limited extent by diesel but even less by biodiesel. In agreement with occurrence of a limited genotoxic stress in the lungs of diesel-exposed animals, small induction of γ-H2AX and acrolein adducts was observed but not of bulky adducts and 8-oxodGuo. Unexpected results were obtained in the study of the effect of the particle filter. Indeed, exhausts collected downstream of the particle filter led to a slightly higher induction of a series of genes than those collected upstream. This result was in agreement with the formation of acrolein adducts and γH2AX. On the contrary, induction of oxidative stress remained very limited since only SOD was found to be induced and only when rats were exposed to biodiesel exhaust collected upstream of the particle filter. Parameters related to telomeres were identical in all groups. In summary, our results point to a limited accumulation of damage in lungs following repeated exposure to diesel exhausts when modern engines and relevant fuels are used. Yet, a few significant effects are still observed, mostly after the particle filter, suggesting a remaining toxicity associated with the gaseous or nano-particular phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Douki
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SyMMES/CIBEST, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Cécile Corbière
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, 14000 Caen et 76000, Rouen, France
| | - David Preterre
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, 14000 Caen et 76000, Rouen, France; CERTAM, 1 Rue Joseph Fourier, 76800 Saint-Etienne du Rouvray, France
| | - Perrine J Martin
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Valérie Lecureur
- Institut de Recherches en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET), UMR INSERM U1085, Faculté de Pharmacie, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Véronique André
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, 14000 Caen et 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Yann Landkocz
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Ivannah Pottier
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, 14000 Caen et 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Veronika Keravec
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, 14000 Caen et 76000, Rouen, France; CERTAM, 1 Rue Joseph Fourier, 76800 Saint-Etienne du Rouvray, France
| | - Olivier Fardel
- Institut de Recherches en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET), UMR INSERM U1085, Faculté de Pharmacie, 35043 Rennes, France; Pôle Biologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Rennes, France
| | | | - Didier Pottier
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, 14000 Caen et 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Cathy Vendeville
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, 14000 Caen et 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Frédéric Dionnet
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, 14000 Caen et 76000, Rouen, France; CERTAM, 1 Rue Joseph Fourier, 76800 Saint-Etienne du Rouvray, France
| | - Pierre Gosset
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Sylvain Billet
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkerque, France
| | - Christelle Monteil
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, 14000 Caen et 76000, Rouen, France
| | - François Sichel
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, ABTE, 14000 Caen et 76000, Rouen, France; Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France.
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Reed L, Mrizova I, Barta F, Indra R, Moserova M, Kopka K, Schmeiser HH, Wolf CR, Henderson CJ, Stiborova M, Phillips DH, Arlt VM. Cytochrome b 5 impacts on cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene and its DNA adduct formation: studies in hepatic cytochrome b 5 /P450 reductase null (HBRN) mice. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:1625-1638. [PMID: 29368147 PMCID: PMC5882632 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is an environmental pollutant that, based on evidence largely from in vitro studies, exerts its genotoxic effects after metabolic activation by cytochrome P450s. In the present study, Hepatic Reductase Null (HRN) and Hepatic Cytochrome b 5 /P450 Reductase Null (HBRN) mice have been used to study the role of P450s in the metabolic activation of BaP in vivo. In HRN mice, cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (POR), the electron donor to P450, is deleted specifically in hepatocytes. In HBRN mice the microsomal haemoprotein cytochrome b 5 , which can also act as an electron donor from cytochrome b 5 reductase to P450s, is also deleted in the liver. Wild-type (WT), HRN and HBRN mice were treated by i.p. injection with 125 mg/kg body weight BaP for 24 h. Hepatic microsomal fractions were isolated from BaP-treated and untreated mice. In vitro incubations carried out with BaP-pretreated microsomal fractions, BaP and DNA resulted in significantly higher BaP-DNA adduct formation with WT microsomal fractions compared to those from HRN or HBRN mice. Adduct formation (i.e. 10-(deoxyguanosin-N2-yl)-7,8,9-trihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-BaP [dG-N2-BPDE]) correlated with observed CYP1A activity and metabolite formation (i.e. BaP-7,8-dihydrodiol) when NADPH or NADH was used as enzymatic cofactors. BaP-DNA adduct levels (i.e. dG-N2-BPDE) in vivo were significantly higher (~ sevenfold) in liver of HRN mice than WT mice while no significant difference in adduct formation was observed in liver between HBRN and WT mice. Our results demonstrate that POR and cytochrome b 5 both modulate P450-mediated activation of BaP in vitro. However, hepatic P450 enzymes in vivo appear to be more important for BaP detoxification than its activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Reed
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Iveta Mrizova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Barta
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Indra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Moserova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heinz H Schmeiser
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Roland Wolf
- Division of Cancer Research, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Colin J Henderson
- Division of Cancer Research, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - David H Phillips
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
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42
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Bauer AK, Velmurugan K, Plöttner S, Siegrist KJ, Romo D, Welge P, Brüning T, Xiong KN, Käfferlein HU. Environmentally prevalent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can elicit co-carcinogenic properties in an in vitro murine lung epithelial cell model. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:1311-1322. [PMID: 29170806 PMCID: PMC5866845 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2124-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Low molecular weight (LMW) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are the most abundant PAHs environmentally, occupationally, and are in cigarette smoke; however, little is known about their carcinogenic potential. We hypothesized that LMW PAHs act as co-carcinogens in the presence of a known carcinogen (benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)) in a mouse non-tumorigenic type II cell line (C10 cells). Gap junctions are commonly suppressed and inflammation induced during tumor promotion, while DNA-adduct formation is observed during the initiation stage of cancer. We used these endpoints together as markers of carcinogenicity in these lung adenocarcinoma progenitor cells. LMW PAHs (1-methylanthracene and fluoranthene, 1-10 µM total in a 1:1 ratio) were used based on previous studies as well as B[a]P (0-3 µM) as the classic carcinogen; non-cytotoxic doses were used. B[a]P-induced inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) was observed at low doses and further reduced in the presence of the LMW PAH mixture (P < 0.05), supporting a role for GJIC suppression in cancer development. Benzo[a]pyrene diol-epoxide (BPDE)-DNA adduct levels were significantly induced in B[a]P-treated C10 cells and additionally increased with the LMW PAH mixture (P < 0.05). Significant increases in cyclooxygenase (Cox-2) were observed in response to the B[a]P/LMW PAH mixture combinations. DNA adduct formation coincided with the inhibition of GJIC and increase in Cox-2 mRNA expression. Significant cytochrome p4501b1 increases and connexin 43 decreases in gene expression were also observed. These studies suggest that LMW PAHs in combination with B[a]P can elicit increased carcinogenic potential. Future studies will further address the mechanisms of co-carcinogenesis driving these responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison K Bauer
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Mailstop V-20, Rm 3125, 12850 E. Montview Blvd, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Kalpana Velmurugan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Mailstop V-20, Rm 3125, 12850 E. Montview Blvd, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Sabine Plöttner
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Katelyn J Siegrist
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Mailstop V-20, Rm 3125, 12850 E. Montview Blvd, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Deedee Romo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Mailstop V-20, Rm 3125, 12850 E. Montview Blvd, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Peter Welge
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ka-Na Xiong
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Mailstop V-20, Rm 3125, 12850 E. Montview Blvd, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Heiko U Käfferlein
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), 44789, Bochum, Germany
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Mescher M, Haarmann-Stemmann T. Modulation of CYP1A1 metabolism: From adverse health effects to chemoprevention and therapeutic options. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 187:71-87. [PMID: 29458109 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The human cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 gene encodes a monooxygenase that metabolizes multiple exogenous and endogenous substrates. CYP1A1 has become infamous for its oxidative metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene and related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, converting these chemicals into very potent human carcinogens. CYP1A1 expression is mainly controlled by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a transcription factor whose activation is induced by binding of persistent organic pollutants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dioxins. Accordingly, induction of CYP1A1 expression and activity serves as a biomarker of AHR activation and associated xenobiotic metabolism as well as toxicity in diverse animal species and humans. Determination of CYP1A1 activity is integrated into modern toxicological concepts and testing guidelines, emphasizing the tremendous importance of this enzyme for risk assessment and regulation of chemicals. Further, CYP1A1 serves as a molecular target for chemoprevention of chemical carcinogenesis, although present literature is controversial on whether its inhibition or induction exerts beneficial effects. Regarding therapeutic applications, first anti-cancer prodrugs are available, which require a metabolic activation by CYP1A1, and thus enable a specific elimination of CYP1A1-positive tumors. However, the application range of these drugs may be limited due to the frequently observed downregulation of CYP1A1 in various human cancers, probably leading to a reduced metabolism of endogenous AHR ligands and a sustained activation of AHR and associated tumor-promoting responses. We here summarize the current knowledge on CYP1A1 as a key player in the metabolism of exogenous and endogenous substrates and as a promising target molecule for prevention and treatment of human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Mescher
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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44
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Altered gene expression profiles in the lungs of benzo[a]pyrene-exposed mice in the presence of lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary inflammation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 336:8-19. [PMID: 28987381 PMCID: PMC5703654 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory lung diseases are often additionally exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons like B[a]P and B[a]P-induced alterations in gene expression in these patients may contribute to the development of lung cancer. Mice were intra-nasally treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 20 μg/mouse) to induce pulmonary inflammation and subsequently exposed to B[a]P (0.5 mg/mouse) by intratracheal instillation. Gene expression changes were analyzed in mouse lungs by RNA microarrays. Analysis of genes that are known to be involved in the cellular response to B[a]P indicated that LPS significantly inhibited gene expression of various enzymes linked to B[a]P metabolism, which was confirmed by phenotypic analyses of enzyme activity. Ultimately, these changes resulted in higher levels of B[a]P-DNA adducts in the lungs of mice exposed to B[a]P with prior LPS treatment compared to the lungs of mice exposed to B[a]P alone. Using principle component analysis (PCA), we found that of all the genes that were significantly altered in their expression, those that were able to separate the different exposure conditions were predominantly related to immune-response. Moreover, an overall analysis of differentially expressed genes indicated that cell-cell adhesion and cell-cell communication was inhibited in lungs of mice that received both B[a]P and LPS. Our results indicate that pulmonary inflammation increased the genotoxicity of B[a]P via inhibition of both phase I and II metabolism. Therefore, inflammation could be a critical contributor to B[a]P-induced carcinogenesis in humans. Inflammation inhibits the expression of genes involved in B[a]P metabolism. Changes in gene-expression do not necessarily reflect the changes in phenotype. Exposure to B[a]P affects the expression of genes involved in inflammation. Presence of inflammation enhances the formation of DNA adducts by B[a]P.
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45
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Li R, Zhao L, Zhang L, Chen M, Dong C, Cai Z. DNA damage and repair, oxidative stress and metabolism biomarker responses in lungs of rats exposed to ambient atmospheric 1-nitropyrene. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 54:14-20. [PMID: 28668703 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
1-Nitropyrene (1-NP) is a mutagenic and carcinogenic pollutant very widespread in the environment. However, the relative investigations on genotoxicity, oxidative stress and metabolic enzymes in lungs of mammalian caused by 1-NP have not been fully established. In this study, the 1-NP solutions at 3 dosages (1.0×10-5, 4.0×10-5 and 1.6×10-4mg/kg body weight) were respectively given to rats by the intratracheal instillation. The responses of 1-NP on DNA damage and repair, oxidative stress and metabolism biomarkers in rat lungs after exposure to 1-NP were measured. The results showed 1-NP at three dosages induced obvious DNA strand breaks, 8-OH-dG formation and DNA-protein cross-link in rat lungs compared with the control. Higher dosage 1-NP (4.0×10-5 and 1.6×10-4mg/kg body weight) greatly activated DNA repair gene OGG1 and inhibited MTH1 and XRCC1 expressions, and they significantly elevated the levels of GADD153, heme oxygenase-1 and malondialdehyde and decreased SOD activity, accompanied by the increases of CYP450, CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and GST levels. These results suggested the genotoxicity of 1-NP might rely on 1-NP-caused DNA damage and its combined effects on the suppression of DNA repair and the enhancement of oxidative stress and metabolic enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijin Li
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, PR China
| | - Lifang Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, PR China
| | - Minghui Chen
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, PR China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, PR China.
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China.
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Wei F, Nie G, Zhou B, Wang L, Ma Y, Peng S, Ou S, Qin J, Zhang L, Li S, Zou R, Zeng X, Zhang Z, Zou Y. Association between Chinese cooking oil fumes and sleep quality among a middle-aged Chinese population. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 227:543-551. [PMID: 28501768 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Poor sleep quality is an important symptom of many medical or psychiatric disorders. However, the impact of cooking oil fumes (COFs) on sleep quality has not been studied. This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the association between COFs of Chinese household cooking and sleep quality. Individual sleep quality assessment was completed in 2197 participants with an average age of 37.52 years, through Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Information about their cooking practice were also collected by self-reported questionnaire. As an internal biomarker of COFs, urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-HOP) (n = 562) was further measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Binary logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the association between exposure to COFs and individual sleep quality. We found that, subjective poor kitchen ventilation, preheating oil to smoking, and cooking for over 30 minutes were positively associated with overall poor sleep quality (global PSQI score >5) [odds ratio (OR) = 1.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.43-2.16; 1.25, (1.03-1.52); 1.42, (1.15-1.76), respectively]. After adjusting for potential confounders, subjective poor kitchen ventilation still tend to increase the risk of long sleep latency, sleep disturbances, and daytime dysfunction [OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.09-1.73; 1.91, (1.39-2.61); 1.54, (1.23-1.93), respectively]. Similar results were observed in participants who preheated oil to smoking [OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.08-1.72; 1.55, (1.14-2.14); 1.25, (1.02-1.55), respectively] and cooked for over 30 minutes [OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.05-1.72; 1.46, (1.03-2.06); 1.36, (1.08-1.72), respectively]. Furthermore, high urinary 1-HOP level was also positively associated with overall poor sleep quality (OR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.31-4.05). The results indicated that exposure to COFs from Chinese household cooking may be a risk factor for poor sleep quality among middle-aged Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Wei
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Guanghui Nie
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, TN, USA
| | - Yifei Ma
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Suwan Peng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Songfeng Ou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Li'e Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shu Li
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Ruosi Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistic, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yunfeng Zou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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Particulate emissions from modern and old technology wood combustion induce distinct time-dependent patterns of toxicological responses in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 44:164-171. [PMID: 28711347 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Toxicological characterisation of combustion emissions in vitro are often conducted with macrophage cell lines, and the majority of these experiments are based on responses measured at 24h after the exposure. The aim of this study was to investigate how significant role time course plays on toxicological endpoints that are commonly measured in vitro. The RAW264.7 macrophage cell line was exposed to PM1 samples (150μg/ml) from biomass combustion devices representing old and modern combustion technologies for 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 32h. After the exposure, cellular metabolic activity, cell membrane integrity, cellular DNA content, DNA damage and production of inflammatory markers were assessed. The present study revealed major differences in the time courses of the responses, statistical differences between the studied samples mostly limiting to differences between modern and old technology samples. Early stage responses consisted of disturbances in metabolic activity and cell membrane integrity. Middle time points revealed increases in chemokine production, whereas late-phase responses exhibited mostly increased DNA-damage, decreased membrane integrity and apoptotic activity. Altogether, these results implicate that the time point of measurement has to be considered carefully, when the toxicity of emission particles is characterised in in vitro study set-ups.
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48
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Arlt VM, Meinl W, Florian S, Nagy E, Barta F, Thomann M, Mrizova I, Krais AM, Liu M, Richards M, Mirza A, Kopka K, Phillips DH, Glatt H, Stiborova M, Schmeiser HH. Impact of genetic modulation of SULT1A enzymes on DNA adduct formation by aristolochic acids and 3-nitrobenzanthrone. Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:1957-1975. [PMID: 27557898 PMCID: PMC5364269 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1808-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to aristolochic acid (AA) causes aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) and Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN). Conflicting results have been found for the role of human sulfotransferase 1A1 (SULT1A1) contributing to the metabolic activation of aristolochic acid I (AAI) in vitro. We evaluated the role of human SULT1A1 in AA bioactivation in vivo after treatment of transgenic mice carrying a functional human SULT1A1-SULT1A2 gene cluster (i.e. hSULT1A1/2 mice) and Sult1a1(-/-) mice with AAI and aristolochic acid II (AAII). Both compounds formed characteristic DNA adducts in the intact mouse and in cytosolic incubations in vitro. However, we did not find differences in AAI-/AAII-DNA adduct levels between hSULT1A1/2 and wild-type (WT) mice in all tissues analysed including kidney and liver despite strong enhancement of sulfotransferase activity in both kidney and liver of hSULT1A1/2 mice relative to WT, kidney and liver being major organs involved in AA metabolism. In contrast, DNA adduct formation was strongly increased in hSULT1A1/2 mice compared to WT after treatment with 3-nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA), another carcinogenic aromatic nitro compound where human SULT1A1/2 is known to contribute to genotoxicity. We found no differences in AAI-/AAII-DNA adduct formation in Sult1a1(-/-) and WT mice in vivo. Using renal and hepatic cytosolic fractions of hSULT1A1/2, Sult1a1(-/-) and WT mice, we investigated AAI-DNA adduct formation in vitro but failed to find a contribution of human SULT1A1/2 or murine Sult1a1 to AAI bioactivation. Our results indicate that sulfo-conjugation catalysed by human SULT1A1 does not play a role in the activation pathways of AAI and AAII in vivo, but is important in 3-NBA bioactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker M Arlt
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Walter Meinl
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Simone Florian
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Eszter Nagy
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Frantisek Barta
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 12840, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Marlies Thomann
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Iveta Mrizova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 12840, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Annette M Krais
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maggie Liu
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Meirion Richards
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Amin Mirza
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David H Phillips
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Hansruedi Glatt
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
- Department of Food Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 12840, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Heinz H Schmeiser
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Shi Q, Boots AW, Maas L, Veith C, van Kuijk K, Haenen GR, Godschalk RW, Van Schooten FJ. Effect of interleukin (IL)-8 on benzo[a]pyrene metabolism and DNA damage in human lung epithelial cells. Toxicology 2017; 381:64-74. [PMID: 28238931 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
It has been well established that inflammation and concurrent mutagenic exposures drive the carcinogenic process in a synergistic way. To elucidate the role of the inflammatory cytokine IL-8 in this process, we studied its effect on the activation and deactivation of the chemical mutagen benzo[a]pyrene B[a]P in the immortalized pulmonary BEAS-2B cell line. After 24h incubation with B[a]P in the presence or absence of IL-8, the B[a]P induced cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1B1 (CYP1A1 and CYP1B1) gene expression and CYP1A1 enzyme activity was significantly higher in the presence of the cytokine. Consistent with these findings, we observed higher concentration of the metabolite B[a]P-7,8-diol under concurrent IL-8 treatment conditions. Interestingly, we also found higher concentrations of unmetabolized B[a]P. To explain this, we examined the downstream effects of IL-8 on NADPH oxidases (NOXes). IL-8 lowered the intracellular NADPH level, but this effect could not explain the changes in B[a]P metabolism. IL-8 also significantly depleted intracellular glutathione (GSH), which also resulted in enhanced levels of unmetabolized B[a]P, but increased concentrations of the metabolite B[a]P-7,8-diol. No differences in B[a]P-DNA adducts level were found between B[a]P and B[a]P combined with IL-8, and this might be due to a 3-fold increase in nucleotide excision repair (NER) after IL-8 treatment. These findings suggest that IL-8 increased the formation of B[a]P-7,8-diol despite an overall delayed B[a]P metabolism via depletion of GSH, but DNA damage levels were unaffected due to an increase in NER capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Shi
- Departement of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A W Boots
- Departement of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - L Maas
- Departement of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - C Veith
- Departement of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - K van Kuijk
- Departement of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - G R Haenen
- Departement of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R W Godschalk
- Departement of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - F J Van Schooten
- Departement of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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50
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Wu J, Shi Y, Asweto CO, Feng L, Yang X, Zhang Y, Hu H, Duan J, Sun Z. Co-exposure to amorphous silica nanoparticles and benzo[a]pyrene at low level in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:23134-23144. [PMID: 27591886 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Both ultrafine particles (UFP) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely present in the environment, thus increasing their chances of exposure to human in the daily life. However, the study on the combined toxicity of UFP and PAHs on respiratory system is still limited. In this study, we examined the potential interactive effects of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) in bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Cells were exposed to SiNPs and B[a]P alone or in combination for 24 h. Co-exposure to SiNPs and B[a]P enhanced the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities significantly, while the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation had a slight increase in the exposed groups compared to the control but not statistically significant. Cell cycle arrest induced by the co-exposure showed a significant percentage increase in G2/M phase cells and a decrease in G0/G1 phase cells. In addition, there was a significant increase in BEAS-2B cells multinucleation as well as DNA damage. Cellular apoptosis was markedly increased even at the low-level co-exposure. Our results suggest that co-exposure to SiNPs and B[a]P exerts synergistic and additive cytotoxic and genotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Shi
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Collins Otieno Asweto
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhe Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Yannan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Hejing Hu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
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