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Jia X, Ma H, Yan W, Shangguan Z, Zhong Y. Effects of co-application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on soil profile carbon and nitrogen stocks and their fractions in wheat field. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 368:122140. [PMID: 39137637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Applying biochar to nitrogen (N)-fertilized soils is recognized as an effective technique for enhancing soil carbon (C) accumulation and improving agroecosystem sustainability. However, the impact of co-application of biochar and N fertilizer on soil C and N stocks, as well as their fractions, within the 0-60 cm soil profile remains unclear. This study examined the soil C and N fractions as well as stocks in soil profiles, and the primary influencing factors in wheat field with different rates of biochar (0, 20 and 40 t ha-1; B0, B1 and B2) and N application (0, 180 and 360 kg N ha-1; N0, N1 and N2). The results revealed that compared to B0N0 treatment, biochar plus N application increased soil organic carbon (SOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), while N application alone decreased microbial biomass carbon (MBC). SOC in topsoil (0-10 cm) and DOC in subsoil (40-60 cm) were more susceptible to biochar and N application. The combined application of biochar and N enhanced soil N fractions, with NO3--N having the highest sensitivity than the other N fractions, whereas biochar application alone decreased topsoil inorganic N content. Biochar and N application significantly altered soil C stocks (4.33%-42.20%) and N stocks (-1.24%-20.91%) within the 0-60 cm soil layers, and belowground biomass and SOC were the main influencing factors, respectively. The combination of moderate biochar (42.35 t ha-1) and N (277.78 kg ha-1) application was the most beneficial for soil C accumulation in the 0-60 cm depth. These findings indicate the positive impacts of co-applying of biochar and N in agroecosystems on soil C and N accumulations, and highlight the importance of C and N stabilization in both topsoil and subsoil under management practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Jia
- School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450045, China
| | - Hongze Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Weiming Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Changwu National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Farmland Ecosystem, Changwu, Shaanxi, 713600, China
| | - Zhouping Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yangquanwei Zhong
- Center for Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China.
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Salvador RW, Doong RA. Simultaneous achievement of energy recovery and carbon sequestration through municipal solid waste management: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 361:142478. [PMID: 38815817 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Effective municipal solid waste (MSW) management is a crucial component for sustainable cities, as inefficient waste disposal contributes to the release of about a billion tons of CO2-eq in greenhouse gases (GHG) annually. With escalating global waste generation, there is an untapped opportunity to integrate carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies into existing MSW management processes. This review explores current research on utilizing MSW for CDR, emphasizing its potential for both energy generation and carbon sequestration. The investigation covers three waste management practices: landfilling, waste-to-energy (WtE), and biochar production, revealing two paths for carbon sequestration. First, MSW serves as a feedstock in bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), acting as a carbon-neutral resource that avoids fossil fuel and energy crop use, reducing GHG emissions and generating value through energy production. Second, direct storage of organic MSW and its derivatives, like biochar, in various carbon sinks allows for extended sequestration, offering a comprehensive approach to address the challenges of waste management and climate change mitigation. Moreover, this review advocates for an extended exploration into several subjects including in-depth analysis of waste, research on MSW-derived biochar recalcitrance across different carbon sinks, and understanding the symbiotic connections with GHG-emitting sectors like agriculture and energy. Finally, this review emphasizes the necessity of conducting life-cycle assessment studies to fully discern the benefits and assess the impacts of any future endeavors exploring the role of MSW in carbon sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben W Salvador
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-An Doong
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan.
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3
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Wani OA, Akhter F, Kumar SS, Kanth RH, Dar ZA, Babu S, Hussain N, Mahdi SS, Alataway A, Dewidar AZ, Mattar MA. Pyrolyzed and unpyrolyzed residues enhance maize yield under varying rates of application and fertilization regimes. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17513. [PMID: 38887617 PMCID: PMC11182025 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Biochar is increasingly gaining popularity due to its extensive recommendation as a potential solution for addressing the concerns of food security and climate change in agroecosystems, with biochar application for increased carbon sequestration, enhanced soil fertility, improved soil health, and increased crop yield and quality. There have been multiple studies on crop yield utilizing various biochar types and application amounts; however, none have focused on the influence of diverse biochar types at various pyrolysis temperatures with different application amounts and the integration of fertilizer regimes in maize crops. Therefore, a two-year factorial field experiment was designed in a temperate Himalayan region of India (THRI) to evaluate the residual effect of different biochar on maize yield under different pyrolysis temperatures, various application rates and fertilizer regimes. The study included three factors viz., amendment type (factor 1), rate of application (factor 2) and fertilizer regime (factor 3). Amendment type included 7 treatments: No biochar- control (A1), apple biochar @ 400 °C pyrolysis temperature (A2), apple biochar @ 600 °C pyrolysis temperature (A3), apple residue biomass (A4), dal weed biochar @ 400 °C pyrolysis temperature (A5), dal weed biochar @ 600 °C pyrolysis temperatures (A6), and dal weed residue biomass (A7). The rate of application included 3 levels: Low (L- 1 t ha-1), medium (M- 2 t ha-1), and high (H- 3 t ha-1). At the same time, the fertilizer regimes included 2 treatments: No fertilizer (N) and recommended dose of fertilizer (F). The results revealed that among the various amendment type, rate of application and fertilizer regimes, the A3 amendment, H rate of application and F fertilizer regime gave the best maize growth and productivity outcome. Results revealed that among the different pyrolyzed residues used, the A3 amendment had the highest plant height (293.87 cm), most kernels cob-1 (535.75), highest soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value (58.10), greatest cob length (27.36 cm), maximum cob girth (18.18 cm), highest grain cob yield (1.40 Mg ha-1), highest grain yield (4.78 Mg ha-1), higher test weight (305.42 gm), and highest stover yield (2.50 Mg ha-1). The maximum dry weight in maize and the number of cobs plant-1 were recorded with amendments A4 (14.11 Mg ha-1) and A6 (1.77), respectively. The comparatively 2nd year of biochar application than the 1st year, the H level of the rate of application than the L rate and the application and integration of the recommended dose of fertilizer in maize results in significantly higher values of growth and productivity in maize. Overall, these findings suggest that the apple biochar @ 600 °C pyrolysis temperature (A3) at a high application rate with the addition of the recommended dose of fertilizer is the optimal biochar for enhancing the growth and productivity of maize in the THRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owais Ali Wani
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | - Farida Akhter
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | - Shamal Shasang Kumar
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | - Raihana Habib Kanth
- Division of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | | | - Subhash Babu
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Syed Sheraz Mahdi
- Division of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | - Abed Alataway
- Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water Chair, Prince Sultan Institute for Environmental, Water and Desert Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Z. Dewidar
- Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water Chair, Prince Sultan Institute for Environmental, Water and Desert Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Mattar
- Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water Chair, Prince Sultan Institute for Environmental, Water and Desert Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Chowdhury S, Akpinar D, Nakhli SAA, Bowser M, Imhoff E, Yi SC, Imhoff PT. Improving stormwater infiltration and retention in compacted urban soils at impervious/pervious surface disconnections with biochar. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 360:121032. [PMID: 38749138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Urban development often results in compacted soils, impairing soil structure and reducing the infiltration and retention of stormwater runoff from impervious features. Biochar is a promising organic soil amendment to improve infiltration and retention of stormwater runoff. Soil at the disconnection between impervious and pervious surfaces represents a critical biochar application point for stormwater management from urban impervious features. This study tested the hypothesis that biochar would significantly improve water retention and transmission at four sites, where varying percentages (0%, 2%, and 4% w/w) of biochar were amended to soils between impervious pavement, and pervious grassed slopes. Field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) and easily drainable water storage capacity were monitored at these sites for five months (two sites) and 15 months (two sites). At the end of the monitoring periods, the physical, chemical, and biological properties of each site's soil were assessed to understand the impact of biochar on soil aggregation, which is critical for improved soil structure and water infiltration. Results indicated that the field Ksat, drainable water storage capacity, and plant available water content (AWC) were 7.1 ± 3.6 SE, 2.0 ± 0.3 SE, and 2.1 ± 0.3 SE times higher in soils amended with 4% biochar, respectively, compared to the undisturbed soil. Factor analysis elucidated that biochar amendment increased the organic matter content, aggregate mean weight diameter, organo-mineral content, and fungal hyphal length while decreasing the bulk density. Across the 12 biochar/soil combinations, the multiple linear regression models derived from factor analysis described the changes in Ksat and AWC reasonably well with R2 values of 0.51 and 0.71, respectively. Using soil and biochar properties measured before biochar addition, two recent models, developed from laboratory investigations, were found helpful as screening tools to predict biochar's effect on Ksat and AWC at the four field sites. Overall, the findings illustrate that biochar amendment to compacted urban soils can significantly improve soil structure and hydraulic function at impervious/pervious surface disconnections, and screening models help to predict biochar's effectiveness in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sraboni Chowdhury
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; IIHR - Hydroscience and Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Derya Akpinar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Seyyed Ali Akbar Nakhli
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Marcus Bowser
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Elizabeth Imhoff
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Susan C Yi
- Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Geosciences Engineering, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, Netherlands
| | - Paul T Imhoff
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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Mao BD, Vadiveloo A, Qiu J, Gao F. Artificial photosynthesis: Promising approach for the efficient production of high-value bioproducts by microalgae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 401:130718. [PMID: 38641303 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Recently, microalgae had received extensive attention for carbon capture and utilization. But its overall efficiency still could not reach a satisfactory degree. Artificial photosynthesis showed better efficiency in the conversion of carbon dioxide. However, artificial photosynthesis could generally only produce C1-C3 organic matters at present. Some studies showed that heterotrophic microalgae can efficiently synthesize high value organic matters by using simple organic matter such as acetate. Therefore, the combination of artificial photosynthesis with heterotrophic microalgae culture showed great potential for efficient carbon capture and high-value organic matter production. This article systematically analyzed the characteristics and challenges of carbon dioxide conversion by microalgae and artificial photosynthesis. On this basis, the coupling mode and development trend of artificial photosynthesis combined with microalgae culture were discussed. In summary, the combination of artificial photosynthesis and microalgae culture has great potential in the field of carbon capture and utilization, and deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Di Mao
- School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Ashiwin Vadiveloo
- Centre for Water, Energy and Waste, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
| | - Jian Qiu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
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6
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Wystalska K, Kowalczyk M, Kamizela T, Worwąg M, Zabochnicka M. Properties and Possibilities of Using Biochar Composites Made on the Basis of Biomass and Waste Residues Ferryferrohydrosol Sorbent. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2646. [PMID: 38893909 PMCID: PMC11173671 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Biochar enriched with metals has an increased potential for sorption of organic and inorganic pollutants. The aim of the research was to identify the possibility of using biochar composites produced on the basis of waste plant biomass and waste FFH (ferryferrohydrosol) containing iron atoms, after CO2 capture. The composites were produced in a one-stage or two-stage pyrolysis process. Their selected properties were determined as follows: pH, ash content, C, H, N, O, specific surface area, microstructure and the presence of surface functional groups. The produced biochar and composites had different properties resulting from the production method and the additive used. The results of experiments on the removal of methylene blue (MB) from solutions allowed us to rank the adsorbents used according to the maximum dye removal value achieved as follows: BC1 (94.99%), B (84.61%), BC2 (84.09%), BC3 (83.23%) and BC4 (83.23%). In terms of maximum amoxicillin removal efficiency, the ranking is as follows: BC1 (55.49%), BC3 (23.51%), BC2 (18.13%), B (13.50%) and BC4 (5.98%). The maximum efficiency of diclofenac removal was demonstrated by adsorbents BC1 (98.71), BC3 (87.08%), BC4 (74.20%), B (36.70%) and BC2 (30.40%). The most effective removal of metals Zn, Pb and Cd from the solution was demonstrated by BC1 and BC3 composites. The final concentration of the tested metals after sorption using these composites was less than 1% of the initial concentration. The highest increase in biomass on prepared substrates was recorded for the BC5 composite. It was higher by 90% and 54% (for doses of 30 g and 15 g, respectively) in relation to the biomass growth in the soil without additives. The BC1 composite can be used in pollutant sorption processes. However, BC5 has great potential as a soil additive in crop yield and plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Wystalska
- Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, Brzeźnicka 60A, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland; (M.K.); (T.K.); (M.W.); (M.Z.)
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7
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Tan R, Li K, Sun Y, Fan X, Shen Z, Tang L. Sustainable management of campus fallen leaves through low-temperature pyrolysis and application in Pb immobilization. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 139:281-292. [PMID: 38105055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Realizing campus sustainability requires the environmental-friendly and economical treatment of tremendous fallen leaves. Producing fallen leaf biochar at a low temperature is a candidate approach. In this study, six common types of fallen leaves on the campus were pyrolyzed at 300 °C. The obtained biochars were characterized and the adsorption mechanisms of lead (Pb) by the fallen leaf biochars were investigated. The adsorption capacity of leaf biochar for Pb was relatively high, up to 209 mg/g (Yulania denudata leaf biochar). Adsorption of Pb onto active sites was the rate-limiting step for most leaf biochars. But for Platanus leaf biochar, intraparticle diffusion of Pb2+ dominated owing to the lowest adsorption capacity. However, the highest exchangeable Pb fraction (27%) indicated its potential for removing aqueous Pb2+. Ginkgo and Prunus cerasifera leaf biochar immobilized Pb by surface complexation and precipitation as lead oxalate. Hence, they were suitable for soil heavy metal remediation. This study shed the light on the sustainable utilization of campus fallen leaves and the application of fallen leaf biochars in heavy metal remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongli Tan
- School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ke Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoliang Fan
- School of Earth and Engineering Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhengtao Shen
- School of Earth and Engineering Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Lingyi Tang
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E3, Canada.
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Shaw WJ, Kidder MK, Bare SR, Delferro M, Morris JR, Toma FM, Senanayake SD, Autrey T, Biddinger EJ, Boettcher S, Bowden ME, Britt PF, Brown RC, Bullock RM, Chen JG, Daniel C, Dorhout PK, Efroymson RA, Gaffney KJ, Gagliardi L, Harper AS, Heldebrant DJ, Luca OR, Lyubovsky M, Male JL, Miller DJ, Prozorov T, Rallo R, Rana R, Rioux RM, Sadow AD, Schaidle JA, Schulte LA, Tarpeh WA, Vlachos DG, Vogt BD, Weber RS, Yang JY, Arenholz E, Helms BA, Huang W, Jordahl JL, Karakaya C, Kian KC, Kothandaraman J, Lercher J, Liu P, Malhotra D, Mueller KT, O'Brien CP, Palomino RM, Qi L, Rodriguez JA, Rousseau R, Russell JC, Sarazen ML, Sholl DS, Smith EA, Stevens MB, Surendranath Y, Tassone CJ, Tran B, Tumas W, Walton KS. A US perspective on closing the carbon cycle to defossilize difficult-to-electrify segments of our economy. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:376-400. [PMID: 38693313 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00587-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Electrification to reduce or eliminate greenhouse gas emissions is essential to mitigate climate change. However, a substantial portion of our manufacturing and transportation infrastructure will be difficult to electrify and/or will continue to use carbon as a key component, including areas in aviation, heavy-duty and marine transportation, and the chemical industry. In this Roadmap, we explore how multidisciplinary approaches will enable us to close the carbon cycle and create a circular economy by defossilizing these difficult-to-electrify areas and those that will continue to need carbon. We discuss two approaches for this: developing carbon alternatives and improving our ability to reuse carbon, enabled by separations. Furthermore, we posit that co-design and use-driven fundamental science are essential to reach aggressive greenhouse gas reduction targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy J Shaw
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
| | | | - Simon R Bare
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
| | | | | | - Francesca M Toma
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Institute of Functional Materials for Sustainability, Helmholtz Zentrum Hereon, Teltow, Brandenburg, Germany.
| | | | - Tom Autrey
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | | | - Shannon Boettcher
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Mark E Bowden
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | | | - Robert C Brown
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Jingguang G Chen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Peter K Dorhout
- Vice President for Research, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | | | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aaron S Harper
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - David J Heldebrant
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
- Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Oana R Luca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Jonathan L Male
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
- Biological Systems Engineering Department, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Robert Rallo
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Rachita Rana
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Robert M Rioux
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Aaron D Sadow
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Lisa A Schulte
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - William A Tarpeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dionisios G Vlachos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Bryan D Vogt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Robert S Weber
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Jenny Y Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Elke Arenholz
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Brett A Helms
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Wenyu Huang
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - James L Jordahl
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Kourosh Cyrus Kian
- Independent consultant, Washington DC, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | - Johannes Lercher
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ping Liu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | | | - Karl T Mueller
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Casey P O'Brien
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | | | - Long Qi
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | | | - Jake C Russell
- Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy, Department of Energy, Washington DC, USA
| | - Michele L Sarazen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Emily A Smith
- Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Yogesh Surendranath
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Ba Tran
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - William Tumas
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA
| | - Krista S Walton
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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9
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Hu M, Wu W, Zhou C, Zhu H, Hu L, Jiang L, Lin D, Yang K. Simultaneous adsorption of fulvic acid and organic contaminants by KOH activated mesoporous biochar with large surface area. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27055. [PMID: 38509967 PMCID: PMC10951520 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Returning carbon materials from biomass to soil is a potential technology to retard organic contaminants or dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil by adsorption, as well as to store carbon in soil for carbon sequestration. However, DOM was widely reported to inhibit adsorption of organic contaminants on carbon materials by competition and by enhancing contaminants' solubility. In this study, a KOH activated carbon material (KAC), pyrolyzed from bamboo chips, with high surface area (3108 m2/g), micropores volumes (0.964 cm3/g), mesopores volumes (1.284 cm3/g), was observed that it can adsorb fulvic acid (FA) and organic contaminants (e.g., nitrobenzene, phenols, and anilines) simultaneously with weak competition and high adsorption capacity. With 50 mg TOC/L FA, for example, the average competition suppressing rate (ΔKf/Kf-m) of organic contaminants on KAC was lower than 5%, the adsorption for organic contaminants and FA were higher than 1100 mg/g and 90 mg TOC/g, respectively. The weak competition on KAC could be attributed to the low micropore blockage (<35%) and the weak adsorption sites competition on mesopores of KAC, as well as the minimal solubility enhancement of organic contaminants by FA because most FA is adsorbed on KAC but is not dissolved in the solution. In addition, adsorption of organic contaminants with high hydrogen-bonding donor ability (αm) and adsorption affinity was less suppressed by FA because of the heterogeneous nature of hydrophilic sites on KAC's surface. Therefore, KAC could be a potential carbon material to be produced to implement to soil for carbon storage and simultaneous retarding organic contaminants and DOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Health of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wenhao Wu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Health of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chenkai Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang University-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311200, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Health of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Laigang Hu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Health of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Health of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Daohui Lin
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Health of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang University-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311200, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Health of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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10
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Adhikari S, Moon E, Paz-Ferreiro J, Timms W. Comparative analysis of biochar carbon stability methods and implications for carbon credits. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169607. [PMID: 38154640 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is an emerging negative emission technology. Its ability to sequester carbon and subsequent carbon credit valuation hinge on the stability of its carbon structure. The widely used indicators of carbon stability H:Corg and O:Corg provide conservative results as these are based on limited incubation experiments and associated modeling results. The results from these accepted methods and other derived methods have not been compared as indicators of carbon stability in a variety of biochar samples. Furthermore, the influence of contrasting feedstock and production techniques on biochar carbon stability is not well explored. Therefore, to address these challenges, a comprehensive stability analysis of 21 different biochar samples with contrasting feedstocks and pyrolysis techniques was conducted using a combination of instrumental methods and derived indicators of carbon stability. Methods such as biochar carbon half-life, thermo-stable fraction, oxidation resistance (R50), and carbon sequestration potential (CS) were used. Based on the initial carbon content of the biochar, simple pyrolysis techniques have similar potential for carbon credits as biochar produced from advanced pyrolysis techniques. Results indicate that the carbon stability of a biochar product is primarily a factor of feedstock type. We found that biochar carbon stability is not related to volatile matter or fixed carbon content for biochar produced using a simple pyrolysis technique and mixed feedstock. Biochars with H:Corg < 0.4 were deemed to have lower carbon stability when compared using different methods. No correlation was observed between the carbon stability of biochar using H:Corg and other methods, however, correlations were observed between half-life, O:Corg, fixed carbon, number of aromatic peaks in FTIR spectrum, R50, and CS. Therefore, it is recommended that data from additional incubation and modeling studies need to be considered to increase the confidence in carbon stability results having major implications to carbon credits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirjana Adhikari
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Ellen Moon
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Enabling the Eco-efficient Beneficiation of Minerals, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Jorge Paz-Ferreiro
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.
| | - Wendy Timms
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
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11
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Yang W, Zhang R, Yang Y, Ji W, Zhang X, Zhang D, Wang L, Qu Z. Evaluation of net carbon sequestration and ecological benefits from single biochar-incorporated sorghum farmland systems in saline-alkali areas of Inner Mongolia, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119979. [PMID: 38181682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Biochar is widely recognized as a soil amendment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance soil carbon storage in agroecosystems; however, the systematic focus on carbon balance and ecological benefits in cropping systems remains unclear in saline-alkali areas under water-saving irrigation. Here, a 2-yr field experiment with carbon footprint method was conducted to determine soil carbon budgets, biochar carbon efficiency performance, and the economic and ecological benefits of mulched drip-irrigated sorghum production, in an arid salinized region of Inner Mongolia, China. Corn straw-derived biochar dosages of 0 (CK), 15 (B15), 30 (B30), and 45 (B45) t hm-2 were just applied into the soil in the first crop growing season. A single application of biochar to soil significantly reduced CO2 emissions for the current and subsequent crop-growing seasons, with 13.1%, 16.7%, and 12.5% reductions for B15, B30, and B45, respectively. Compared with the non-biochar control plots, B15, B30, and B45 also increased NPP by 36.7%, 38.4%, and 27.1%, respectively. The actual effects on improving net carbon sequestration for B15, B30, and B45 in the first year were higher than those in the second year, with mean increases of 1.27, 1.47, and 1.36 times, respectively; however, the efficiencies of biochar for fixing carbon per biochar dosage input for B15 were 72.8% and 64.1% higher than those of B30 and B45, respectively. Net profits were significantly improved by 57.2-87.1% by biochar treatments. The environmental benefits of biochar carbon trading revenues for B15, B30, and B45 increased by 105.9%, 162.1%, and 109.6%, respectively. The minimum observation for carbon productivity and the maximum measurements for both the economic and ecological benefits were B15. The B15 also significantly increased sorghum yield and grain number. Results demonstrate that biochar application in the current growing season helps reduce soil carbon emissions, increases net carbon sequestration for current and subsequent sorghum agroecosystems, and enhances net profit and ecological benefits. The optimal positive synergistic effect was observed at a biochar application rate of 15 t hm-2 for reducing soil carbon emissions, increasing crop production, and improving the ecological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China; Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Ruxin Zhang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Yixuan Yang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Wentao Ji
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Dongliang Zhang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China; Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Liping Wang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China; Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Zhongyi Qu
- College of Energy and Environment, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China.
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12
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Li B, Guo Y, Liang F, Liu W, Wang Y, Cao W, Song H, Chen J, Guo J. Global integrative meta-analysis of the responses in soil organic carbon stock to biochar amendment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119745. [PMID: 38061094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Applying biochar to soil has been recognized as a promising practice of climate-smart agriculture, with considerable potential in enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. Previous studies showed that biochar-induced increases in SOC stock varied substantially among experiments, while the explanatory factors responsible for such variability are still not well assessed. Here, we conducted an integrative meta-analysis of the magnitude and efficiency of biochar-induced change in SOC stock, using a database including 476 field measurements at 101 sites across the globe. Biochar amendment increased SOC stock by 6.13 ± 1.62 (95% confidence interval, CI) and 7.01 ± 1.11 (95% CI) Mg C ha-1, respectively, compared to their unfertilized (R0) and mineral nitrogen (N) fertilized (Rn) references. Of which approx. 52% (R0) and 50% (Rn) were contributed directly by biochar-C input. Corresponding biochar carbon efficiencies in R0 and Rn datasets were estimated as 58.20 ± 10.37% and 65.58 ± 9.26% (95% CI), respectively. The change magnitude of SOC stock increased significantly (p < 0.01) with the increasing amount of biochar-C input, while carbon efficiency of biochar showed an opposite trend. Biochar amendment sequestered larger amounts of SOC with higher efficiency in acidic and loamy soils than in alkaline and sandy soils. Biochar amendments with higher C/N ratio caused higher SOC increase than those with lower C/N ratio. Random forest (RF) algorithm showed that accumulative biochar-C input, soil pH, and biochar C/N ratio were the three most-important factors regulating the SOC stock responses. Overall, these results suggest that applying high C/N ratio biochar in acidic soils is a recommendable agricultural practice from the perspective of enhancing organic carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binzhe Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanling Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fei Liang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wanxin Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yajing Wang
- College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Wenchao Cao
- Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, 262700, China
| | - He Song
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jingsheng Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jingheng Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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13
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Liu Q, Wu Y, Ma J, Jiang J, You X, Lv R, Zhou S, Pan C, Liu B, Xu Q, Xie Z. How does biochar influence soil nitrification and nitrification-induced N 2O emissions? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168530. [PMID: 37963541 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrification is a major pathway of N2O production, especially in aerobic soils. The amendment of soils with biochar has been suggested as a promising solution to regulate soil N cycle and reduce N2O emissions. However, there is a lack of comprehensive and quantitative understanding of biochar impacts on soil nitrification and nitrification-induced N2O emissions. In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted using data compiled across 95 peer-reviewed studies. Results showed that biochar in general significantly increased soil nitrification rate by 56 %, with overall no significant effect on nitrification-induced N2O emissions, suggesting that biochar likely restricted the fraction of nitrified N emitted as N2O emissions. The abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was significantly increased by 37 % following biochar addition, but that of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) did not change significantly, indicating that the impact of biochar on AOB rather than AOA may play an important role in soil nitrification. The impacts of biochar on soil nitrification processes were heterogeneous depending on soil properties. Biochar increased soil nitrification rate and AOB abundance to a larger extent in poorly pH-buffered soils such as those with acidic pH (<5), low organic carbon (<10 g kg-1), or poor texture (rich in either sand or clay), which may be attributed to the liming and structural effects of biochar that regulate soil pH and water-air status. The overall no significant effect of biochar on nitrification-induced N2O emissions was due to a positive effect in acidic soils, a negative effect in alkaline soils, and little effect in neutral soils. This study provides a comprehensive insight into how different factors mediate the response of soil nitrification processes to biochar amendment, which contributes to a new understanding of biochar function in regulating soil N2O emissions, and can assist in designing biochar projects that would benefit soil N cycle while minimizing undesirable side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159, Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Yaxin Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159, Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, No. 19, East Wenchang Road, Jurong 212400, China.
| | - Jiang Jiang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159, Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xinyi You
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159, Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Runjin Lv
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159, Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Sijing Zhou
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159, Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chang Pan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159, Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Benjuan Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China
| | - Qiao Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, No. 196 Huayang Xi Road, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Zubin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.71 Beijing Dong Road, Nanjing 210008, China
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14
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Li X, Wu D, Liu X, Huang Y, Cai A, Xu H, Ran J, Xiao J, Zhang W. A global dataset of biochar application effects on crop yield, soil properties, and greenhouse gas emissions. Sci Data 2024; 11:57. [PMID: 38195633 PMCID: PMC10776752 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02867-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Biochar application is widely studied to mitigate the threats of soil degradation to food security and climate change. However, there are big variations in the effects of biochar application on crops, soils, and the atmosphere during crop production. This study provides a global dataset of biochar application effects on crop yield, soil properties, and greenhouse emissions. The dataset is extracted and integrated from 367 peer-reviewed studies with 891 independent field, laboratory, and incubation experiments across 37 countries. This dataset includes 21 variables before and after biochar application (including soil properties, crop yield, greenhouse gas emissions, etc.) of 2438 items, focusing on two main biochar application types: biochar application alone and combined with fertilizers. Background information on climate conditions, initial soil properties, management practices, and characteristics of biochar sources and production is also contained in the dataset. This dataset facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the impact of biochar application, supports the utilization of agricultural wastes for biochar production, and assists researchers in refining experimental protocols for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux AgroBio Tech, University of Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Dong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yaping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Andong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College Natural of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiwei Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wenju Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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15
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Wood Hansen O, van den Bergh J. Environmental problem shifting from climate change mitigation: A mapping review. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgad448. [PMID: 38205028 PMCID: PMC10776357 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Climate change mitigation will trigger major changes in human activity, energy systems, and material use, potentially shifting pressure from climate change to other environmental problems. We provide a comprehensive overview of such "environmental problem shifting" (EPS). While there is considerable research on this issue, studies are scattered across research fields and use a wide range of terms with blurred conceptual boundaries, such as trade-off, side effect, and spillover. We identify 506 relevant studies on EPS of which 311 are empirical, 47 are conceptual-theoretical, and 148 are synthetic studies or reviews of a particular mitigation option. A systematic mapping of the empirical studies reveals 128 distinct shifts from 22 categories of mitigation options to 10 environmental impacts. A comparison with the recent IPCC report indicates that EPS literature does not cover all mitigation options. Moreover, some studies systematically overestimate EPS by not accounting for the environmental benefits of reduced climate change. We propose to conceptually clarify the different ways of estimating EPS by distinguishing between gross, net, and relative shifting. Finally, the ubiquity of EPS calls for policy design which ensures climate change mitigation that minimizes unsustainability across multiple environmental dimensions. To achieve this, policymakers can regulate mitigation options-for example, in their choice of technology or location-and implement complementary environmental policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Wood Hansen
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, UAB Campus, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jeroen van den Bergh
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, UAB Campus, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
- School of Business and Economics & Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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He Z, Ding B, Pei S, Cao H, Liang J, Li Z. The impact of organic fertilizer replacement on greenhouse gas emissions and its influencing factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:166917. [PMID: 37704128 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Although organic fertilizers played an important role in enhancing crop yield and soil quality, the effects of organic fertilizers replacing chemical fertilizers on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions remained inconsistent, and further impeding the widespread adoption of organic fertilizers. Therefore, a global meta-analysis used 568 comparisons from 137 publications was conducted to evaluate the responses of GHG emissions to organic fertilizers replacing chemical fertilizers. The results indicated that organic fertilizers replacing chemical fertilizers significantly decreased N2O emissions, but increasing global warming potential (GWP) by enhancing CH4 and CO2 emissions. When replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers, a variety of factors such as climate conditions, soil conditions, crop types and agricultural practices influenced the GHG emissions and GWP. Among these factors, fertilizer organic C and available N level were the main factors affecting GHG and GWP. However, considering the feasibility and ease of optimizing these factors, fertilizer organic C, C/N and N substitution rate showed a more favorable choice for GWP reduction, and their interactions significantly affecting GWP. Moreover, considering the distinct GHG emissions patterns in dryland and paddy field, the analysis of optimizing GWP based on fertilizer organic C, C/N and N substitution rate was separately conducted. According to the simulation optimization, the optimal combination of fertilizer organic C (137.2-228.8 g·kg-1), C/N (6.9-52.0) and N substitution rate (20.0-22.5 %) effectively suppressed the extent of increase in GWP in paddy field compared with chemical fertilizers. In dryland, optimizing fertilizer organic C (100-278 g·kg-1), C/N (70.7-76.6) and N substitution rate (10.2-16.0 %) led to a reduction in GWP compared with chemical fertilizers, indicating that dryland are more suitable for promoting organic fertilizer application. In conclusion, this meta-analysis study quantitatively assessed the GHG emissions when organic fertilizers replacing chemical fertilizers, and also provided a scientific basis for the mitigation of GHG emissions by organic fertilizers management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian He
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Bangxin Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuyao Pei
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hongxia Cao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Jiaping Liang
- Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Zhijun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Hegarty J, Shindel B, Sukhareva D, Barsoum ML, Farha OK, Dravid V. Expanding the Library of Ions for Moisture-Swing Carbon Capture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:21080-21091. [PMID: 37788016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Developing materials that can more efficiently and cheaply capture carbon dioxide from ambient atmospheric conditions is essential for improving negative emission technologies. This study builds on the promising moisture-swing modality for direct air capture of carbon dioxide by investigating the use of several new anions─orthosilicate, borate, pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate, and dibasic phosphate─that when introduced into ion-exchange resins allow for the cyclable capture of CO2 under dry conditions and its release under wet conditions. These ions, as well as many others that failed to show moisture-swing performance, are tested and directly compared thermodynamically and kinetically to understand their differences. This includes the use of analytical approaches new to the carbon capture field, such as the correlation of adsorption isotherms to moisture-swing performance, the use of phase lag kinetics, the examination of the humidity-carbon capture hysteresis of the sorbents, and the precise quantification of ion loading using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. Phosphate dibasic was found to have the largest mass-normalized CO2 moisture-swing capacity, whereas phosphate tribasic had the best performance when factoring in kinetics, and pyrophosphate had the highest swing capacity when normalizing on a per-ion or per-unit-charge basis. This work not only sheds light on ways to improve DAC but also provides insights pertinent to the advancement of gas separation, negative emission technologies, and sorbent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Hegarty
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Benjamin Shindel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Daria Sukhareva
- International Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael L Barsoum
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Omar K Farha
- International Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Vinayak Dravid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- The NUANCE Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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18
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Vannini A, Carbognani M, Chiari G, Forte TGW, Rodolfi M, Ganino T, Petraglia A. Biochar effects on early decomposition of standard litter in a European beech forest (northern Italy). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166224. [PMID: 37572925 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
The release of biochar (BC) on forest soil is a strategy aimed at increasing carbon reserves and forest productivity. The effect of BC amendments on the decomposition of different quality litter is, however, poorly understood. With this study we investigate the effects of wood-derived BC applications on early decomposition in a European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest through the burial of standard material, i.e. green tea and rooibos tea (high- and low-quality litter surrogates, respectively). Two main questions were addressed: 1) Do BC applications influence the decomposition of high- and low-quality standard litter and, if so, in what way? and 2) Does this effect (if measurable) depend on where the sample is placed with respect to the BC application layer? To test BC amendment effects, four application percentages were employed (0, 10, 20 and 100 %), after which standard litter mass loss was recorded. To investigate the effects of sample position, only three BC application percentages were used (0, 10 and 20 %), with teabags buried at three different depths - within the BC amended layer, between this layer and the unamended soil, and below the latter. Results show that early decomposition of high-quality standard litter was not influenced by BC applications, while a significant reduction in mass loss of low-quality standard litter was observed when the percentage of BC application was higher, specifically of litter within the 20 % and 100 % BC amended layers. Decomposition was also affected by sample position relative to the BC layer, exhibiting higher levels of mass loss when samples were placed within the BC amended layer. Overall, BC applications on beech forest soils not only seem to produce negligible effects on the early decomposition rate of high-quality standard litter, but such applications also seem to have the ability to reduce carbon loss following plant material degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vannini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Michele Carbognani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Chiari
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - T'ai G W Forte
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Margherita Rodolfi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Tommaso Ganino
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; National Research Council, Institute of BioEconomy (IBE-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Petraglia
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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Reershemius T, Kelland ME, Jordan JS, Davis IR, D'Ascanio R, Kalderon-Asael B, Asael D, Suhrhoff TJ, Epihov DZ, Beerling DJ, Reinhard CT, Planavsky NJ. Initial Validation of a Soil-Based Mass-Balance Approach for Empirical Monitoring of Enhanced Rock Weathering Rates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:19497-19507. [PMID: 37961896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is a promising scalable and cost-effective carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategy with significant environmental and agronomic co-benefits. A major barrier to large-scale implementation of ERW is a robust monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) framework. To successfully quantify the amount of carbon dioxide removed by ERW, MRV must be accurate, precise, and cost-effective. Here, we outline a mass-balance-based method in which analysis of the chemical composition of soil samples is used to track in situ silicate rock weathering. We show that signal-to-noise issues of in situ soil analysis can be mitigated by using isotope-dilution mass spectrometry to reduce analytical error. We implement a proof-of-concept experiment demonstrating the method in controlled mesocosms. In our experiment, a basalt rock feedstock is added to soil columns containing the cereal crop Sorghum bicolor at a rate equivalent to 50 t ha-1. Using our approach, we calculate rock weathering corresponding to an average initial CDR value of 1.44 ± 0.27 tCO2eq ha-1 from our experiments after 235 days, within error of an independent estimate calculated using conventional elemental budgeting of reaction products. Our method provides a robust time-integrated estimate of initial CDR, to feed into models that track and validate large-scale carbon removal through ERW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Reershemius
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Mike E Kelland
- Leverhulme Centre for Climate Change Mitigation, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K
| | - Jacob S Jordan
- Porecast Research, Lawrence, Kansas 66049, United States
| | - Isabelle R Davis
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, Southampton SO14 3ZH, U.K
| | - Rocco D'Ascanio
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Boriana Kalderon-Asael
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Dan Asael
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - T Jesper Suhrhoff
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- Yale Center for Natural Carbon Capture, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Dimitar Z Epihov
- Leverhulme Centre for Climate Change Mitigation, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K
| | - David J Beerling
- Leverhulme Centre for Climate Change Mitigation, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K
| | - Christopher T Reinhard
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Noah J Planavsky
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- Yale Center for Natural Carbon Capture, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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20
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Yang P, Mi Z, Wei YM, Hanssen SV, Liu LC, Coffman D, Sun X, Liao H, Yao YF, Kang JN, Wang PT, Davis SJ. The global mismatch between equitable carbon dioxide removal liability and capacity. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad254. [PMID: 38021166 PMCID: PMC10659237 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Limiting climate change to 1.5°C and achieving net-zero emissions would entail substantial carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from the atmosphere by the mid-century, but how much CDR is needed at country level over time is unclear. The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed description of when and how much CDR is required at country level in order to achieve 1.5°C and how much CDR countries can carry out domestically. We allocate global CDR pathways among 170 countries according to 6 equity principles and assess these allocations with respect to countries' biophysical and geophysical capacity to deploy CDR. Allocating global CDR to countries based on these principles suggests that CDR will, on average, represent ∼4% of nations' total emissions in 2030, rising to ∼17% in 2040. Moreover, equitable allocations of CDR, in many cases, exceed implied land and carbon storage capacities. We estimate ∼15% of countries (25) would have insufficient land to contribute an equitable share of global CDR, and ∼40% of countries (71) would have insufficient geological storage capacity. Unless more diverse CDR technologies are developed, the mismatch between CDR liabilities and land-based CDR capacities will lead to global demand for six GtCO2 carbon credits from 2020 to 2050. This demonstrates an imperative demand for international carbon trading of CDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Yang
- The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK
- Energy and Power Group, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 0ES, UK
- Exeter Sustainable Finance Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4PU, UK
| | - Zhifu Mi
- The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Yi-Ming Wei
- Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Steef V Hanssen
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6500 GL, The Netherlands
| | - Lan-Cui Liu
- Business School, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - D’Maris Coffman
- The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Xinlu Sun
- The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Hua Liao
- Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yun-Fei Yao
- Strategy Plan Department, SinopecResearch Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jia-Ning Kang
- Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Peng-Tao Wang
- Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Steven J Davis
- Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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21
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Koné S, Galiegue X. Potential Development of Biochar in Africa as an Adaptation Strategy to Climate Change Impact on Agriculture. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 72:1189-1203. [PMID: 37115236 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-023-01821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important obstacles to increasing agricultural production yields worldwide, especially in developing economies such as those in Africa is the continued degradation of soils due to climate change. In response to this threat, one of the strategies advocated is biochar technology, which is one of the emerging sustainable and climate-friendly soil amendments. This article reviews a brief description of biochar, the advantages and disadvantages of its use, and the prospects for developing its potential impact on agricultural productivity in African countries with a case study in Burkina Faso. Biochar is mainly useful for soil carbon sequestration, increasing and maintaining soil fertility, environmental management, and as a renewable energy source. However, it can have secondary effects including negative impacts on human health, pollution, and water quality. Furthermore, the positive results of biochar use in Africa suggest a prospect for ensuring the feasibility of biochar technology in policy decisions as a sustainable alternative to agricultural land management in the combat against climate change. As recommendations, a combination of improved seed varieties, and SWC (Soil and Water Conservation) techniques with the application of Biochar will be a perfect innovation for an intelligent adaptation practice to the destructive action of climate change in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita Koné
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, 35100, Izmir, Bornova, Turkey.
| | - Xavier Galiegue
- Laboratoire d'Economie d'Orléans, Université d'Orléans, UMR7322 Faculté de Droit d'Economie et de Gestion Rue de Blois - BP 26739 45067 ORLEANS Cedex 2, Orléans, France
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22
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Taslakyan L, Baker MC, Strawn DG, Möller G. Biochar-integrated reactive filtration of wastewater for P removal and recovery, micropollutant catalytic oxidation, and negative CO 2 e: Life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2023; 95:e10962. [PMID: 38153197 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Life cycle assessment (LCA) and techno-economic analysis (TEA) models are developed for a tertiary wastewater treatment system that employs a biochar-integrated reactive filtration (RF) approach. This innovative system incorporates the utilization of biochar (BC) either in conjunction with or independently of iron-ozone catalytic oxidation (CatOx)-resulting in two configurations: Fe-CatOx-BC-RF and BC-RF. The technology demonstrates 90%-99% total phosphorus removals, adsorption of phosphorus to biochar for recovery, and >90% destructive removal of observed micropollutants. In this work, we conduct an ISO-compliant LCA of a 49.2 m3 /day (9 gpm) field pilot-scale Fe-CatOx-BC-RF system and a 1130 m3 /day (0.3 MGD) water resource recovery facility (WRRF)-installed RF system, modeled with BC addition at the same rate of 0.45 g/L to quantify their environmental impacts. LCA results indicated that the Fe-CatOx-BC-RF pilot system is a BC dose-dependent carbon-negative technology at -1.21 kg CO2 e/m3 , where biochar addition constitutes a -1.53 kg/m3 CO2 e beneficial impact to the process. For the WRRF-installed RF system, modeled with the same rate of BC addition, the overall process changed from 0.02 kg CO2 e/m3 to a carbon negative -1.41 kg CO2 e/m3 , demonstrating potential as a biochar dose-dependent negative emissions technology. Using the C100 100-year carbon accounting approach rather than Cnet reduces these CO2 e metrics for the process by about 25%. A stochastic TEA for the cost of water treatment using this combinatorial P removal/recovery, micropollutant destructive removal, and disinfection advanced technology shows that at scale, the mean cost for treating 1130 m3 /day (0.3 MGD) WRRF secondary influent water with Fe-CatOx-BC-RF using the C100 metric is US$0.18 ± US$0.01/m3 to achieve overall process carbon neutrality. Using the same BC dose in an estimation of a 3780 m3 /day (1 MGD) Fe-CatOx-BC-RF facility, the carbon neutral cost of treatment is reduced further to US$0.08 ± $0.01 with added BC accounting for US$0.03/m3 . Overall, the results demonstrate the potential of carbon negativity to become a water treatment performance standard as important and attainable as pollutant and pathogen removal. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Life cycle assessment (LCA) of a pilot scale tertiary biochar water treatment process with or without catalytic ozonation at a WRRF shows a carbon negative global warming potential of -1.21-kg CO2e/m3 while removing 90%-99% TP and >90% of detected micropollutants. Biochar-integrated reactive filtration use can aid in long-term carbon sequestration by reducing the carbon footprint of advanced water treatment in a dose-dependent manner, allowing an overall carbon-neutral or carbon-negative process. A companion paper to this work (Yu et al., 2023) presents the details related to the process operation and mechanism and evaluates the pollutant removal performance of this Fe-CatOx-BC-RF process in engineering laboratory pilot research and field WRRF pilot-scale water resource recovery trials. Techno-economic analysis (TEA) of this biochar catalytic oxidation reactive filtration process using Monte Carlo stochastic modeling shows a forecasted carbon-neutral process cost with low P and micropollutant removal as US$0.11/m3 ± 0.01 for a 3780-m3/day (1 MGD) scale installation with BC cost at US$0.03/m3 of that total. The results demonstrate the potential of carbon negativity to become a water treatmentperformance standard as important and attainable as pollutant and pathogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusine Taslakyan
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
- Water Resources Program, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Martin C Baker
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Daniel G Strawn
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
- Water Resources Program, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Gregory Möller
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
- Water Resources Program, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
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23
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Fu J, Zhou X, He Y, Liu R, Yao Y, Zhou G, Chen H, Zhou L, Fu Y, Bai SH. Co-application of biochar and organic amendments on soil greenhouse gas emissions: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 897:166171. [PMID: 37582442 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been shown to reduce soil greenhouse gas (GHG) and increase nutrient retention in soil; however, the interaction between biochar and organic amendments on GHG emissions remain largely unclear. In this study, we collected 162 two-factor observations to explore how biochar and organic amendments jointly affect soil GHG emissions. Our results showed that biochar addition significantly increased soil CO2 emission by 8.62 %, but reduced CH4 and N2O emissions by 27.0 % and 23.9 %, respectively. Meanwhile, organic amendments and the co-application with biochar resulted in an increase of global warming potential based on the 100-year time horizon (GWP100) by an average of 18.3 % and 26.1 %. More importantly, the interactive effect of biochar and organic amendments on CO2 emission was antagonistic (the combined effect was weaker than the sum of their individual effects), while additive on CH4 and N2O emissions. Additionally, our results suggested that when biochar is co-applied with organic amendments, soil GHG emissions were largely influenced by soil initial total carbon, soil texture, and biochar feedstocks. Our work highlights the important interactive effects of biochar and organic amendments on soil GHG emissions, and provides new insights for promoting ecosystem sustainability as well as mitigating future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Fu
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yanghui He
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Ruiqiang Liu
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yixian Yao
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Guiyao Zhou
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Funcionamiento Ecosistémico, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Av. Reina Mercedes 10, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Hongyang Chen
- Northeast Asia ecosystem Carbon sink research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Lingyan Zhou
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuling Fu
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shahla Hosseini Bai
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
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24
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Lin SL, Zhang H, Chen WH, Song M, Kwon EE. Low-temperature biochar production from torrefaction for wastewater treatment: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129588. [PMID: 37558107 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, a carbon-rich and por ous material derived from waste biomass resources, has demonstrated tremendous potential in wastewater treatment. Torrefaction technology offers a favorable low-temperature biochar production method, and torrefied biochar can be used not only as a solid biofuel but also as a pollutant adsorbent. This review compares torrefaction technology with other thermochemical processes and discusses recent advancements in torrefaction techniques. Additionally, the applications of torrefied biochar in wastewater treatment (dyes, oil spills, heavy metals, and emerging pollutants) are comprehensively explored. Many studies have shown that high productivity, high survival of oxygen-containing functional groups, low temperature, and low energy consumption of dried biochar production make it attractive as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment. Moreover, used biochar's treatment, reuse, and safe disposal are introduced, providing valuable insights and contributions to developing sustainable environmental remediation strategies by biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Lun Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan.
| | - Mengjie Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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25
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Jia H, Zhao Y, Deng H, Yu H, Ge C, Li J. Integrated microbiome and multi-omics analysis reveal the molecular mechanisms of Eisenia fetida in response to biochar-derived dissolved and particulate matters. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132422. [PMID: 37657322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
At present, most ecotoxicological studies are still confined to focusing on the harmful effects of biochar itself on soil fauna. However, the potential ecotoxicity of different components separated from biochar to terrestrial invertebrates remains poorly understood. In this study, the dissolved matter (DM) and particulate matter (PM) were separated from biochar (BC) and then introduced into the soil-earthworm system to investigate the response mechanism of earthworms at the molecular level. The results showed that BC and DM exposure caused an increase in the abundance of Proteobacteria in the cast bacterial community, suggesting the dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota. It was also observed that the cast bacterial communities were more sensitive to DM exposure than PM exposure. Transcriptomic analysis showed that BC and DM exposure induced significant enrichment of functional pathways related to infectious and neuropathic diseases. Metabolomic profiling manifested that DM exposure caused metabolic dysfunction, antioxidant and detoxification abilities recession. Furthermore, significant differences in the responses of earthworms at transcriptomic and metabolic levels confirmed that DM exhibited greater ecotoxicity than PM. This study highlighted the significant contributions of dissolved matter to the ecotoxicity of biochar from the perspective of transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Jia
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hui Deng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Huamei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chengjun Ge
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Jiatong Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Renmin Road, Haikou 570228, China.
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Yu P, Baker MC, Crump AR, Vogler M, Strawn DG, Möller G. Biochar integrated reactive filtration of wastewater for P removal and recovery, micropollutant catalytic oxidation, and negative CO 2 e: Process operation and mechanism. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2023; 95:e10926. [PMID: 37696540 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) use in water treatment is a promising approach that can simultaneously help address societal needs of clean water, food security, and climate change mitigation. However, novel BC water treatment technology approaches require operational testing in field pilot-scale scenarios to advance their technology readiness assessment. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the system performance of BC integrated into hydrous ferric oxide reactive filtration (Fe-BC-RF) with and without catalytic ozonation (CatOx) process in laboratory and field pilot-scale scenarios. For this investigation, Fe-BC-RF and Fe-CatOx-BC-RF pilot-scale trials were conducted on synthetic lake water variants and at three municipal water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) at process flows of 0.05 and 0.6 L/s, respectively. Three native and two iron-modified BCs were used in these studies. The commercially available reactive filtration process (Fe-RF without BC) had 96%-98% total phosphorus (TP) removal from 0.075- and 0.22-mg/L TP, as orthophosphate process influent in these trials. With BC integration, phosphorus removal yielded 94%-98% with the same process-influent conditions. In WRRF field pilot-scale studies, the Fe-CatOx-BC-RF process removed 84%-99% of influent total phosphorus concentrations that varied from 0.12 to 8.1 mg/L. Nutrient analysis on BC showed that the recovered BC used in the pilot-scale studies had an increase in TP from its native concentration, with the Fe-amended BC showing better P recovery at 110% than its unmodified state, which was 16%. Lastly, the field WRRF Fe-CatOx-BC-RF process studies showed successful destructive removals at >90% for more than 20 detected micropollutants, thus addressing a critical human health and environmental water quality concern. The research demonstrated that integration of BC into Fe-CatOx-RF for micropollutant removal, disinfection, and nutrient recovery is an encouraging tertiary water treatment technology that can address sustainable phosphorus recycling needs and the potential for carbon-negative operation. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A pilot-scale hydrous ferric oxide reactive sand filtration process integrating biochar injection typically yields >90% total phosphorus removal to ultralow levels. Biochar, modified with iron, recovers phosphorus from wastewater, creating a P/N nutrient upcycled soil amendment. Addition of ozone to the process stream enables biochar-iron-ozone catalytic oxidation demonstrating typically excellent (>90%) micropollutant destructive removals for the compounds tested. A companion paper to this work explores life cycle assessment (LCA) and techno-economic analysis (TEA) to explore biochar water treatment integrated reactive filtration impacts, costs, and readiness. Biochar use can aid in long-term carbon sequestration by reducing the carbon footprint of advanced water treatment in a dose-dependent manner, including enabling an overall carbon-negative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Yu
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Martin C Baker
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Alex R Crump
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Michael Vogler
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Daniel G Strawn
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Gregory Möller
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
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Barragán-Mantilla SP, Gascó G, Méndez A. Perspectives on the use of biochar in the valorization of mining wastes from sulfide minerals flotation: Recovery of metals and effects on toxicity. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 171:116-123. [PMID: 37657284 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the use of two biochars obtained by pyrolysis of sugarcane-bagasse and compare it with commercial activated carbons as catalysts for the recovery of metals from one mining waste from sulfide minerals flotation (MW). It is also intended to determine the influence of carbon materials on the toxicity of the final residues. Leaching tests were performed in 250 mL erlenmeyer flasks using plates with magnetic stirrers during 24 h, at 90 °C and a stirring speed of 350 rpm. For each test, 5 g of MW were mixed with carbon material in two ratios of MW/carbon material (1/0.1 and 1/0.2 wt/wt) and 100 mL of leaching agent (H2SO4 solution at pH = 0.8-0.9 and 5 gL-1 of Fe3+). The experimental results showed that the addition of biochar and activated carbon enhances the recovery of Cu and Zn. The use of commercial activated carbons in ratios of 1/0.1 and 1/0.2 MW/carbon material leads to the extraction of more than 91 % of Cu and 97 % of Zn, after 24 h of leaching. For biochars, the highest recovery values of Cu (82.9 %) and Zn (98.1 %) were achieved with biochar prepared at 750 °C and used in the ratio of 1/0.2. However, the addition of carbon materials does not improve the recovery of Co. The presence of carbon materials decreased the electrical conductivity and pH of the final residue. The leaching of samples MW + W35 (1/0.1) and MW + BC550 (1/0.1) leads to a germination index higher than 90 %. For two biochars, all samples showed non-phytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Barragán-Mantilla
- Department of Geological and Mining Engineering, Mines and Energy School, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - G Gascó
- Department of Agricultural Production, Agronomic, Food and Biosystem Engineering School, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Méndez
- Department of Geological and Mining Engineering, Mines and Energy School, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28003 Madrid, Spain.
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Luo L, Wang J, Lv J, Liu Z, Sun T, Yang Y, Zhu YG. Carbon Sequestration Strategies in Soil Using Biochar: Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:11357-11372. [PMID: 37493521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, a carbon (C)-rich material obtained from the thermochemical conversion of biomass under oxygen-limited environments, has been proposed as one of the most promising materials for C sequestration and climate mitigation in soil. The C sequestration contribution of biochar hinges not only on its fused aromatic structure but also on its abiotic and biotic reactions with soil components across its entire life cycle in the environment. For instance, minerals and microorganisms can deeply participate in the mineralization or complexation of the labile (soluble and easily decomposable) and even recalcitrant fractions of biochar, thereby profoundly affecting C cycling and sequestration in soil. Here we identify five key issues closely related to the application of biochar for C sequestration in soil and review its outstanding advances. Specifically, the terms use of biochar, pyrochar, and hydrochar, the stability of biochar in soil, the effect of biochar on the flux and speciation changes of C in soil, the emission of nitrogen-containing greenhouse gases induced by biochar production and soil application, and the application barriers of biochar in soil are expounded. By elaborating on these critical issues, we discuss the challenges and knowledge gaps that hinder our understanding and application of biochar for C sequestration in soil and provide outlooks for future research directions. We suggest that combining the mechanistic understanding of biochar-to-soil interactions and long-term field studies, while considering the influence of multiple factors and processes, is essential to bridge these knowledge gaps. Further, the standards for biochar production and soil application should be widely implemented, and the threshold values of biochar application in soil should be urgently developed. Also needed are comprehensive and prospective life cycle assessments that are not restricted to soil C sequestration and account for the contributions of contamination remediation, soil quality improvement, and vegetation C sequestration to accurately reflect the total benefits of biochar on C sequestration in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Luo
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxiao Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jitao Lv
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengang Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianran Sun
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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Wani OA, Sharma V, Kumar SS, Babu S, Sharma KR, Rathore SS, Marwaha S, Ganai NA, Dar SR, Yeasin M, Singh R, Tomar J. Climate plays a dominant role over land management in governing soil carbon dynamics in North Western Himalayas. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 338:117740. [PMID: 37027954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The soil carbon (C) dynamics is strongly influenced by climate and land-use patterns in the Himalayas. Therefore, soils under five prominent land use [e.g., maize (Zea mays), horticulture, natural forest, grassland, and wasteland] were sampled down up to 30 cm depth under two climatic conditions viz., temperate and subtropical to assess the impacts of climate and landuse on soil C dynamics. Results demonstrated that irrespective of land use, temperate soil contains 30.66% higher C than subtropical soils. Temperate soils under natural forests had the higher total organic carbon (TOC, 21.90 g kg-1), Walkley-Black carbon (WBC, 16.42 g kg-1), contents, and stocks (TOC, 66.92 Mg ha-1 and WBC, 50.24 Mg ha-1), and total soil organic matter (TSOM, 3.78%) concentration as compared to other land uses like maize, horticulture, grassland, and wasteland. Under both climatic conditions, maize land use had the lowest TOC 9.63, 6.55 g kg-1 and WBC 7.22, 4.91 g kg-1 at 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depth, respectively. Horticulture land use had 62.58 and 62.61% higher TOC and WBC over maize-based land use under subtropical and temperate climatic conditions at 0-30 cm soil depth, respectively. However, soils of maize land use under temperate conditions had ∼2 times more TOC than in subtropical conditions. The study inferred that the C-losses is more in the subtropical soil than in temperate soils. Hence, the subtropical region needs more rigorous adoption of C conservation farming practices than the temperate climatic setting. Although, the adoption of C storing and conserving practices is crucial under both climatic settings to arrest land degradation. Horticultural land uses along with conservation effective soil management practices may be encouraged to restore more soil C and to improve the livelihood security of the hill populace in the North Western Himalayas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owais Ali Wani
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Jammu, 180 009, Jammu & Kashmir, India; Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kashmir, 190025, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Jammu, 180 009, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Shamal S Kumar
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kashmir, 190025, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Subhash Babu
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - K R Sharma
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Jammu, 180 009, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Sanjay Singh Rathore
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sudeep Marwaha
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistical Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Nazir A Ganai
- Office of the Vice Chancellor, Sher-e -Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, 190025, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - S R Dar
- RCRQ, Sher-e -Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, 190025, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Md Yeasin
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistical Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
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Shrestha RK, Jacinthe PA, Lal R, Lorenz K, Singh MP, Demyan SM, Ren W, Lindsey LE. Biochar as a negative emission technology: A synthesis of field research on greenhouse gas emissions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2023; 52:769-798. [PMID: 36905388 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is one of the few nature-based technologies with potential to help achieve net-zero emissions agriculture. Such an outcome would involve the mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from agroecosystems and optimization of soil organic carbon sequestration. Interest in biochar application is heightened by its several co-benefits. Several reviews summarized past investigations on biochar, but these reviews mostly included laboratory, greenhouse, and mesocosm experiments. A synthesis of field studies is lacking, especially from a climate change mitigation standpoint. Our objectives are to (1) synthesize advances in field-based studies that have examined the GHG mitigation capacity of soil application of biochar and (2) identify limitations of the technology and research priorities. Field studies, published before 2022, were reviewed. Biochar has variable effects on GHG emissions, ranging from decrease, increase, to no change. Across studies, biochar reduced emissions of nitrous oxide (N2 O) by 18% and methane (CH4 ) by 3% but increased carbon dioxide (CO2 ) by 1.9%. When biochar was combined with N-fertilizer, it reduced CO2 , CH4 , and N2 O emissions in 61%, 64%, and 84% of the observations, and biochar plus other amendments reduced emissions in 78%, 92%, and 85% of the observations, respectively. Biochar has shown potential to reduce GHG emissions from soils, but long-term studies are needed to address discrepancies in emissions and identify best practices (rate, depth, and frequency) of biochar application to agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj K Shrestha
- Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Pierre-Andre Jacinthe
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Rattan Lal
- CFAES Rattan Lal Center for Carbon Management and Sequestration, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Klaus Lorenz
- CFAES Rattan Lal Center for Carbon Management and Sequestration, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Maninder P Singh
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Scott M Demyan
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Laura E Lindsey
- Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Wang J, Ciais P, Smith P, Yan X, Kuzyakov Y, Liu S, Li T, Zou J. The role of rice cultivation in changes in atmospheric methane concentration and the Global Methane Pledge. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:2776-2789. [PMID: 36752684 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Resumption of the increase in atmospheric methane (CH4 ) concentrations since 2007 is of global concern and may partly have resulted from emissions from rice cultivation. Estimates of CH4 emissions from rice fields and abatement potential are essential to assess the contribution of improved rice management in achieving the targets of the Global Methane Pledge agreed upon by over 100 countries at COP26. However, the contribution of CH4 emissions from rice fields to the resumed CH4 growth and the global abatement potential remains unclear. In this study, we estimated the global CH4 emissions from rice fields to be 27 ± 6 Tg CH4 year-1 in the recent decade (2008-2017) based on the 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. The trend of CH4 emissions from rice cultivation showed an increase followed by no significant change and then, a stabilization over 1990-2020. Consequently, the contribution of CH4 emissions from rice fields to the renewed increase in atmospheric CH4 concentrations since 2007 was minor. We summarized the existing low-cost measures and showed that improved water and straw management could reduce one-third of global CH4 emissions from rice fields. Straw returned as biochar could reduce CH4 emissions by 12 Tg CH4 year-1 , equivalent to 10% of the total reduction of all anthropogenic emissions. We conclude that other sectors than rice cultivation must have contributed to the renewed increase in atmospheric CH4 concentrations, and that optimizing multiple mitigation measures in rice fields could contribute significantly to the abatement goal outlined in the Global Methane Pledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Low-carbon Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing, China
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, CEA/CNRS/Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines/Université de Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pete Smith
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Xiaoyuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Shuwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green and Low-carbon Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Li
- LAPC, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwen Zou
- Key Laboratory of Green and Low-carbon Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing, China
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32
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Moinet GYK, Hijbeek R, van Vuuren DP, Giller KE. Carbon for soils, not soils for carbon. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:2384-2398. [PMID: 36644803 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The role of soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration as a 'win-win' solution to both climate change and food insecurity receives an increasing promotion. The opportunity may be too good to be missed! Yet the tremendous complexity of the two issues at stake calls for a detailed and nuanced examination of any potential solution, no matter how appealing. Here, we critically re-examine the benefits of global SOC sequestration strategies on both climate change mitigation and food production. While estimated contributions of SOC sequestration to climate change vary, almost none take SOC saturation into account. Here, we show that including saturation in estimations decreases any potential contribution of SOC sequestration to climate change mitigation by 53%-81% towards 2100. In addition, reviewing more than 21 meta-analyses, we found that observed yield effects of increasing SOC are inconsistent, ranging from negative to neutral to positive. We find that the promise of a win-win outcome is confirmed only when specific land management practices are applied under specific conditions. Therefore, we argue that the existing knowledge base does not justify the current trend to set global agendas focusing first and foremost on SOC sequestration. Away from climate-smart soils, we need a shift towards soil-smart agriculture, adaptative and adapted to each local context, and where multiple soil functions are quantified concurrently. Only such comprehensive assessments will allow synergies for land sustainability to be maximised and agronomic requirements for food security to be fulfilled. This implies moving away from global targets for SOC in agricultural soils. SOC sequestration may occur along this pathway and contribute to climate change mitigation and should be regarded as a co-benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renske Hijbeek
- Plant Production Systems, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Detlef P van Vuuren
- PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague, The Netherlands
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ken E Giller
- Plant Production Systems, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Soja G, Sörensen A, Drosg B, Gabauer W, Ortner M, Schumergruber A, Dunst G, Meitner D, Guillen-Burrieza E, Pfeifer C. Abattoir residues as nutrient resources: Nitrogen recycling with bone chars and biogas digestates. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15169. [PMID: 37095952 PMCID: PMC10121787 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abattoirs produce by-products that may become valuable resources for nutrient recycling and energy generation by including pyrolysis and biogas production in the value creation chain. This study investigated the potential of bone chars as sorbents for ammonium in order to produce a soil amendment useful for fertilizing purposes. Ammonium enriched from the digestate by membrane distillation or from pure ammonium sulphate solutions accommodated the nitrogen sorption to the bone chars. The plant availability of the sorbed nitrogen was studied by a standardized short-term plant test with rye (Secale cereale L.). The results showed that ammonium, both from biogas digestate and from pure salt solutions, could be sorbed successfully to the bone chars post-pyrolysis and increased the nitrogen concentration of the chars (1.6 ± 0.3%) by 0.2-0.4%. This additional nitrogen was desorbed easily and supported plant growth (+17 to +37%) and plant nitrogen uptake (+19-74%). The sorption of ammonium to the bone chars had a positive effect on the reversal of pure bone char phytotoxicity and on nitrogen availability. In summary, this study showed that abattoir wastes are useful pyrolysis input materials to produce bone chars and to provide ammonium source for sorption to the chars. This innovation offers the possibility to produce nitrogen-enriched bone chars as a new type of fertilizer that upgrades the known value of bone char as phosphorus fertilizer by an additional nitrogen fertilizer effect.
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Petreje M, Sněhota M, Chorazy T, Novotný M, Rybová B, Hečková P. Performance study of an innovative concept of hybrid constructed wetland-extensive green roof with growing media amended with recycled materials. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 331:117151. [PMID: 36638720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Implementation of green roofs requires a large amount of primary material, especially for constructing the growing media layer. In addition, irrigation of green roofs with potable water is uneconomical and unsustainable. The novel hybrid green roof system proposed in this paper is in line with the principles of circular economy as it incorporates recycled materials into green roof growing media and greywater for irrigation. Two experimental beds were built to evaluate the concept of treating greywater in a constructed wetland prior to using it to irrigate a dual-layer extensive green roof. The growing media in both two extensive green roof beds contained ca. 37.5% by volume of recycled crushed building rubble containing a large proportion of brick. One of the two beds additionally contained 9.5% by volume of sewage sludge-based biochar. The concept of the hybrid roof and novel growing media was evaluated based on laboratory analysis of the growing media and on onsite measurements of hydraulic and thermal performance. The growing media amended with recycled materials developed in this study had hydrophysical properties comparable to commercially available growing media without recycled materials. Observations made during one vegetation season from June to October and a ten day-intensive water quality monitoring campaign during September 2020 showed that the constructed wetland significantly reduced total nitrogen and orthophosphate concentrations in pre-treated greywater. Due to the irrigation method employed, in which water flowed predominantly through drainage mats below the growing media, nutrient-leaching by the irrigation water was avoided. Concentrations of nutrients in the effluent were observed to increase only in response to precipitation. The temperature peak of the bottom green roof layer was shifted by almost 9 h from the peak in air temperature, and temperature fluctuations were significantly reduced. Vegetation on the bed amended with biochar demonstrated more vigorous growth due to available nutrients in the biochar which increased the rate of temperature-reducing evapotranspiration. More water evapotranspirated more water, which provided more water retention capacity confirmed by a lower runoff coefficient. Simple storage routing hydraulic modeling of hybrid green roof runoff using a nonlinear reservoir was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Petreje
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Thákurova 7, Prague 6, 166 29, Czech Republic; Czech Technical University in Prague, University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings, Třinecká 1024, Buštehrad, 273 43, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Sněhota
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Thákurova 7, Prague 6, 166 29, Czech Republic; Czech Technical University in Prague, University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings, Třinecká 1024, Buštehrad, 273 43, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Chorazy
- AdMaS Research Centre, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 651/139, Brno, 612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Novotný
- AdMaS Research Centre, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 651/139, Brno, 612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Rybová
- Czech Technical University in Prague, University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings, Třinecká 1024, Buštehrad, 273 43, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Hečková
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Thákurova 7, Prague 6, 166 29, Czech Republic; Czech Technical University in Prague, University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings, Třinecká 1024, Buštehrad, 273 43, Czech Republic
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Yin C, Zhao W, Ye J, Muroki M, Pereira P. Ecosystem carbon sequestration service supports the Sustainable Development Goals progress. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 330:117155. [PMID: 36603272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ecosystem carbon sequestration service (ECSS) is the benefits humans derive from the ecosystem carbon sequestration process, which is key to regulating climate, stabilising the natural foundation for development, and supporting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) achievement. However, how ECSS contributes to the SDGs still needs to be discovered. Here, based on downscaling localisation SDG indicators, regression methods, and mechanism analysis, we identified the contribution of ECSS to the SDGs, taking China's Loess Plateau (LP) region as an example. The results showed that the LP made higher progress on resource and environmental SDGs, such as SDGs 13, 12, 6, and 7 (climate, consumption and production, water, and energy) in the last two decades. As for the relationships between ECSS and SDGs, the progress of SDGs 6, 7, 13 and 15 (water, energy, climate, and ecosystems) showed positive linear responses to ECSS. The response of SDGs 1, 4, 8, and 12 (poverty reduction, education, economic growth, and consumption and production) to ECSS showed a threshold when the standardised ECSS value was 0.11. To improve ECSS for a more sustainable ecological foundation underpinning the SDGs, ECSS management should be improved to protect the ecosystem carbon pool and improve carbon sequestration function, as well as to promote the social-ecological co-benefits. This work links carbon sequestration service to sustainable development and can help in leveraging nature's contributions towards carbon neutrality and the 2030 Agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caichun Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenwu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jingqiao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Monica Muroki
- Kenya Forestry Research Institute - Muguga, Department of Socio-Economic Policy and Governance, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Paulo Pereira
- Environmental Management Center, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius 08303, Lithuania
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Krahn KM, Cornelissen G, Castro G, Arp HPH, Asimakopoulos AG, Wolf R, Holmstad R, Zimmerman AR, Sørmo E. Sewage sludge biochars as effective PFAS-sorbents. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130449. [PMID: 36459882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of sewage sludge to produce biochar-based sorbents for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) removal from water and soil may be an economically and environmentally sustainable waste management option. This study compared the sorption of six perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) by two sewage sludge biochars (SSBCs) and one wood chip biochar (WCBC), dry pyrolyzed at 700 °C. Batch sorption tests were conducted by adding individual PFCAs and a PFCA-mixture to pure biochars and mixtures of biochar and a sandy soil (1.3% TOC). PFAS-sorption to the SSBCs exhibited log-linear biochar-water distribution coefficients (log Kd), comparable to those previously reported for commercial activated carbons (e.g., 5.73 ± 0.02 for perfluorooctanoic acid at 1 µg/L). The strong sorption of PFCAs was attributed to the SSBCs relatively high pore volumes in the pore size range that can accommodate these compounds. Sorption was attenuated by the presence of soil (by factors 3-10), by the presence of a mixture of PFCAs (by factors of 6-532) and by both together (by factors of 8-6581), indicating strongly competitive sorption between PFCA-congeners, and less severe sorption attenuation by soil organic matter. These findings could enable sustainable value chains for SSBs in soil remediation and water filtration solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katinka M Krahn
- Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), 0484 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 1430 Ås, Norway; Lindum AS, 3036 Drammen, Norway
| | - Gerard Cornelissen
- Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), 0484 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 1430 Ås, Norway
| | - Gabriela Castro
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7024 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hans Peter H Arp
- Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), 0484 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7024 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Raoul Wolf
- Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), 0484 Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Erlend Sørmo
- Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), 0484 Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 1430 Ås, Norway
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Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Biochar Application on the Diversity of Soil Bacteria and Fungi. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030641. [PMID: 36985214 PMCID: PMC10057247 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochar is increasingly being used for soil improvement, but the effects on microbial diversity in soil are still ambiguous due to contrasting results reported in the literature. We conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the effect of biochar addition on soil bacterial and fungal diversity with an increase in Shannon or Chao1 index as the outcome. Different experimental setups, quantitative levels of biochar addition, various biochar source materials and preparation temperatures, and the effect of natural precipitation in field experiments were the investigated variables. From a total of 95 publications identified for analysis, 384 datasets for Shannon index and 277 datasets for Chao1 index were extracted that described the bacterial diversity in the soils, of which field experiments and locations in China dominated. The application of biochar in soil significantly increased the diversity of soil bacteria but it had no significant effect on the diversity of fungi. Of the different experimental setups, the largest increase in bacterial diversity was seen for field experiments, followed by pot experiments, but laboratory and greenhouse settings did not report a significant increase. In field experiments, natural precipitation had a strong effect, and biochar increased bacterial diversity most in humid conditions (mean annual precipitation, MAP > 800 mm), followed by semi-arid conditions (MAP 200–400 mm). Biochar prepared from herbaceous materials was more effective to increase bacterial diversity than other raw materials and the optimal pyrolysis temperature was 350–550 °C. Addition of biochar at various levels produced inconclusive data for Chao1 and Shannon indices, and its effect was less strong than that of the other assessed variables.
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Cooper JA, Malakar A, Kaiser M. Self-functionalization of soil-aged biochar surfaces increases nitrate retention. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 861:160644. [PMID: 36464046 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient retention in biochar amended soil has yielded variable results, with poorly understood mechanisms. Identification of changes on biochar surfaces during in situ soil aging can provide mechanistic information on the role of biochar on nutrient retention. In the current greenhouse study, we analyzed changes of biochar surface characteristics from aging in two soils with different iron levels and amended with two types of manure under corn. On pristine biochar surfaces, we detected no iron species. In contrast, after soil aging (70 days), a self-functionalization of biochar surfaces with iron oxides was observed, which can be explained by soil redox cycles allowing reduced iron(II) to migrate on biochar surfaces followed by its re-oxidation. This self-functionalization is proposed as an underlying mechanism explaining the significantly (p < 0.01) increased nitrate retention by 29-180 % in biochar amended soil. Significant (p < 0.05) reductions in leachate phosphate (18-41 %) and dissolved organic carbon (8.8-55 %) were also observed after biochar surface functionalization. Our results indicate that redox-driven iron oxide formation on surfaces of biochar in the soil can be a critical process explaining the dynamic nature of nutrient retention observed in biochar amended soils. Identifying soil environmental conditions most beneficial for such surface functionalization, which has the potential to increase nutrient retention, is critical for implementing efficient biochar amendment strategies and for increased resource efficiency in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Cooper
- Department of Agronomy & Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1875 N 38th St, 279 Plant Sciences Hall, PO Box 830915, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915, USA
| | - Arindam Malakar
- School of Natural Resources and Nebraska Water Center, part of the Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute, 135 Keim Hall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0844, USA.
| | - Michael Kaiser
- Department of Agronomy & Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1875 N 38th St, 279 Plant Sciences Hall, PO Box 830915, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915, USA
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Pokharel P, Chang SX. Biochar decreases and nitrification inhibitor increases phosphorus limitation for microbial growth in a wheat-canola rotation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159773. [PMID: 36374728 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural management practices affect microbial populations and ecoenzymatic activities; however, the effect of these practices on ecological stoichiometry relating the elemental ratio of resources to microbial biomass is poorly understood. In a 2-year field study, we assessed the effects of biochar and nitrapyrin (a commonly used nitrification inhibitor (NI)) on the ecological stoichiometry and microbial nutrient limitation in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-canola (Brassica juncea L.) rotation. This study used a 3 × 2 factorial design that included two treatments: (i) biochar with three levels: no biochar addition (BC0), and biochar added at 10 (BC10) and 20 t ha-1 (BC20), and (ii) NI with two levels: without (NI0) and with NI (NI1). Soil microbial biomass carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were increased by biochar application, regardless of the application rate, but were not affected by NI application. Biochar increased and NI decreased β-1,4-glucosidase, β-1,4-N-acetyl glucosaminidase and acid phosphatase (P < 0.05) with subsequent changes in ecoenzymatic stoichiometry. Ecoenzymatic stoichiometry analysis showed microbial P limitation relative to N in the studied area irrespective of the treatment, with contrasting effects of biochar (decreasing) and NI (increasing) on the vector angle of ecoenzymatic stoichiometry (P = 0.037 and 0.043, respectively). Biochar applied at 20 t ha-1 decreased the threshold elemental ratio of C:P at which microbial growth switches between nutrient and C limitations, suggesting a shift towards C relative to nutrient (P) limitation. This study concludes that biochar produced from manure compost can be useful in increasing microbial growth by alleviating P limitations in a wheat-canola rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Pokharel
- 442 Earth Sciences Building, Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E3, Canada.
| | - Scott X Chang
- 442 Earth Sciences Building, Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E3, Canada.
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Smoak RA, Schnoor JL. Nickel Hyperaccumulator Biochar Sorbs Ni(II) from Water and Wastewater to Create an Enhanced Bio-ore. ACS ENVIRONMENTAL AU 2023; 3:24-33. [PMID: 36691654 PMCID: PMC9853938 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) hyperaccumulators make up the largest proportion of hyperaccumulator plant species; however, very few biochar studies with hyperaccumulator feedstock have examined them. This research addresses two major hypotheses: (1) Biochar synthesized from the Ni hyperaccumulator Odontarrhena chalcidica grown on natural, metal-rich soil is an effective Ni sorbent due to the plant's ability to bioaccumulate soluble and exchangeable cations; and (2) such biochar can sorb high concentrations of Ni from complex solutions. We found that O. chalcidica grew on sandy, nutrient-poor soil from a Minnesota mining district but did not hyperaccumulate Ni. Biochar prepared from O. chalcidica biomass at a pyrolysis temperature of 900 °C sorbed up to 154 mg g-1 of Ni from solution, which is competitive with the highest-performing Ni sorbents in recent literature and the highest of any unmodified, plant-based biochar material reported in the literature. Precipitation, cation exchange, and adsorption mechanisms contributed to removal. Ni was effectively removed from acidic solutions with initial pH > 2 within 30 min. O. chalcidica biochar also removed Ni(II) from a simulated Ni electroplating rinsewater solution. Together, these results provide evidence for O. chalcidica biochar as an attractive material for simultaneously treating high-Ni wastewater and forming an enhanced Ni bio-ore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A. Smoak
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, 4105 Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- IIHR
− Hydroscience and Engineering, University
of Iowa, 100 C. Maxwell Stanley Hydraulics Laboratory, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, United States
| | - Jerald L. Schnoor
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, 4105 Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- IIHR
− Hydroscience and Engineering, University
of Iowa, 100 C. Maxwell Stanley Hydraulics Laboratory, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, United States
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Védère C, Lebrun M, Biron P, Planchais S, Bordenave-Jacquemin M, Honvault N, Firmin S, Savouré A, Houben D, Rumpel C. The older, the better: Ageing improves the efficiency of biochar-compost mixture to alleviate drought stress in plant and soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:158920. [PMID: 36181810 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to increased drought frequency following climate change, practices improving water use efficiency and reducing water-stress are needed. The efficiency of organic amendments to improve plant growth conditions under drought is poorly known. Our aim was to investigate if organic amendments can attenuate plant water-stress due to their effect on the plant-soil system and if this effect may increase upon ageing. To this end we determined plant and soil responses to water shortage and organic amendments added to soil. We compared fresh biochar/compost mixtures to similar amendments after ageing in soil. Results indicated that amendment application induced few plant physiological responses under water-stress. The reduction of leaf gas exchange under watershortage was alleviated when plants were grown with biochar and compost amendments: stomatal conductance was least reduced with aged mixture aged mixture (-79 % compared to -87 % in control), similarly to transpiration (-69 % in control and not affected with aged mixture). Belowground biomass production (0.25 times) and nodules formation (6.5 times) were enhanced under water-stress by amendment addition. This effect was improved when grown on soil containing the aged as compared to fresh amendments. Plants grown with aged mixtures also showed reduced leaf proline concentrations (two to five times) compared to fresh mixtures indicating stress reduction. Soil enzyme activities were less affected by water-stress in soil with aged amendments. We conclude that the application of biochar-compost mixtures may be a solution to reduce the effect of water-stress to plants. Our findings revealed that this beneficial effect is expected to increase with aged mixtures, leading to a better water-stress resistance over time. However, while being beneficial for plant growth under water-stress, the use of amendments may not be suited to increase water use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Védère
- National Institute for Agricultural Research, Ecosys Soil, UMR INRAE-AgroParisTech, 78820 Thiverval-Grignon, France.
| | - Manhattan Lebrun
- National Institute for Agricultural Research, Ecosys Soil, UMR INRAE-AgroParisTech, 78820 Thiverval-Grignon, France.
| | - Philippe Biron
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, UMR 7618, CNRS-UPMC-UPEC-INRAE-IRD, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Séverine Planchais
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, UMR 7618, CNRS-UPMC-UPEC-INRAE-IRD, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Marianne Bordenave-Jacquemin
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, UMR 7618, CNRS-UPMC-UPEC-INRAE-IRD, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Nicolas Honvault
- UniLaSalle, AGHYLE, 60026 Beauvais, France; Ecotron Européen de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montferrier sur Lez, France.
| | | | - Arnould Savouré
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, UMR 7618, CNRS-UPMC-UPEC-INRAE-IRD, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France.
| | | | - Cornelia Rumpel
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, UMR 7618, CNRS-UPMC-UPEC-INRAE-IRD, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France.
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Certini G, Scalenghe R. The crucial interactions between climate and soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159169. [PMID: 36206907 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the birth of soil science, climate has been recognized as a soil-forming factor, along with parent rock, time, topography, and organisms (from which humans were later kept distinct), often prevalent on the other factors on the very long term. But the climate is in turns affected by soils and their management. This paper describes the interrelationships between climate - and its current change - and soil, focusing on each single factor of its formation. Parent material governs, primarily through the particle size distribution, the capacity of soil to retain water and organic matter, which are two main soil-related drivers of the climate. Time is the only unmanageable soil-forming factor; however, extreme climatic phenomena can upset the soil or even dismantle it, so as to slow down the pathway of pedogenesis or even make it start from scratch. Topography, which drives the pedogenesis mostly controlling rainfall distribution - with repercussions also on the climate - is not anymore a given factor because humans have often become a shaper of it. Indeed humans now play a key role in affecting in a plethora of ways those soil properties that most deal with climate. The abundance and diversity of the other organisms are generally positive to soil quality and as a buffer for climate, but there are troubling evidences that climate change is decreasing soil biodiversity. The corpus of researches on mutual feedback between climate and soil has essentially demonstrated that the best soil management in terms of climate change mitigation must aim at promoting vegetation growth and maximizing soil organic matter content and water retention. Some ongoing virtuous initiatives (e.g., the Great Green Wall of Africa) and farming systems (e.g., the conservation agriculture) should be extended as much as possible worldwide to enable the soil to make the greatest contribution to climate change mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Certini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali (DAGRI), Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50144 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Scalenghe
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali (SAAF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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Payen FT, Moran D, Cahurel JY, Aitkenhead M, Alexander P, MacLeod M. Why do French winegrowers adopt soil organic carbon sequestration practices? Understanding motivations and barriers. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.994364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil carbon sequestration (SCS) practices on French agricultural land are part of the portfolio of actions available to policymakers in the field of climate change mitigation and are central to the success of the “4 per 1,000” initiative, launched by France in 2015. To date, there has been limited research considering their applicability to vineyards. A survey was circulated to 506 French winegrowers to identify the adoption rate of six SCS practices in the viticultural sector (applying organic amendments, using biochar, returning pruning residues to the soil, no-tillage, cover cropping, and introducing or preserving hedges in the vineyard) and to explore motives and barriers to adoption. The survey also investigated ways of overcoming barriers to adoption and winegrowers' perception of agri-environment measures. Differences in motivations and barriers between SCS practices were found, and winegrowers themselves suggested a need for improved communication of evidence about SCS practices and better-targeted policy incentives to support adoption.
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Zhou Y, Li D, Li Z, Guo S, Chen Z, Wu L, Zhao Y. Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Soils Amended with Cornstalk Biochar at Different Addition Ratios. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:927. [PMID: 36673685 PMCID: PMC9858871 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20020927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biochar addition has been recommended as a potential strategy for mitigating climate change. However, the number of studies simultaneously investigating the effects of biochar addition on CO2, N2O and CH4 emissions and sequentially global warming potential (GWP) is limited, especially concerning its effect on native soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization. An incubation experiment was conducted to investigate soil physicochemical properties, CO2, N2O and CH4 emissions and GWP in the treatments with 0% (CK), 1% (BC1) and 4% (BC4) cornstalk biochar additions, and clarify the priming effect of biochar on native SOC mineralization by the 13C tracer technique. Generally, biochar addition increased soil pH, cation exchange capacity, SOC and total nitrogen, but decreased NH4+-N and NO3--N. Compared with CK, BC1 and BC4 significantly reduced CO2 emissions by 20.7% and 28.0%, and reduced N2O emissions by 25.6% and 95.4%, respectively. However, BC1 significantly reduced CH4 emission by 43.6%, and BC4 increased CH4 emission by 19.3%. BC1 and BC4 significantly reduced the GWP by 20.8% and 29.3%, but there was no significant difference between them. Biochar addition had a negative priming effect on native SOC mineralization, which was the reason for the CO2 emission reduction. The negative priming effect of biochar was attributed to the physical protection of native SOC by promoting microaggregate formation and preferentially using soluble organic carbon in biochar. The N2O emission decrease was rooted in the reduction of nitrification and denitrification substrates by promoting the microbial assimilation of inorganic nitrogen. The inconsistency of CH4 emissions was attributed to the different relative contributions of CH4 production and oxidation under different biochar addition ratios. Our study suggests that 1% should be a more reasonable biochar addition ratio for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in sandy loam, and emphasizes that it is necessary to furtherly investigate nitrogen primary transformation rates and the relative contributions of CH4 production and oxidation by the 15N and 13C technique, which is helpful for comprehensively understanding the effect mechanisms of biochar addition on greenhouse gas emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchun Zhou
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, No. 3–11, Wenhua Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Danyang Li
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, No. 3–11, Wenhua Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Zhenglong Li
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, No. 3–11, Wenhua Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Sibo Guo
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, No. 3–11, Wenhua Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Zhimin Chen
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, No. 3–11, Wenhua Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Liulin Wu
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, No. 3–11, Wenhua Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, No. 3–11, Wenhua Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110819, China
- Institute for Frontier Technologies of Low-Carbon Steelmaking, Northeastern University, No. 3–11, Wenhua Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110819, China
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Bandyopadhyay S, Maiti SK. Steering restoration of coal mining degraded ecosystem to achieve sustainable development goal-13 (climate action): United Nations decade of ecosystem restoration (2021-2030). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:88383-88409. [PMID: 36327066 PMCID: PMC9630816 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23699-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
For millennium, mining sector is a source not only of mineral extraction for industrialization, economic expansion, and urban sprawling, but also of socio-environmental concern. It, therefore, has been the central attention of the business and public policy sustainable development scheme for several years. Thus, gradually, mining industries are getting involved with the concerns such as carbon emissions mitigation and carbon accounting to govern a rhetorical shift towards "sustainable mining". However, there is scarce knowledge about how the emergence of a "green and self-sustaining" forestry reclamation strategy coupled with potential carbon sequestration capacity in degraded mining areas will be an impeccable option for achieving sustainable development goal-13 (SDG-13: climate action) and ecosystem services during United Nation decade of ecosystem restoration. This paper reviews the extent to which reforestation and sustainable land management practices that employed to enhance ecosystem carbon pool and atmospheric CO2 sequestration capacity to offset CO2 emission and SOC (soil organic carbon) losses, as consequences of coal mining, to partially mitigate global climate crisis. Moreover, future research is required on mining innovation concepts and its challenges for designing an SDG impact framework, so that it not only synergies amongst SDGs, but also trade-offs between each individual "politically legitimized post-2015 development agenda" (i.e. UNSDGs) could be depicted in a systematic way. In a developing country like India, it is also an utmost need to assess the environmental impact and economic performance of such technological innovation and its possible synergistic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Bandyopadhyay
- Ecological Restoration Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004 India
| | - Subodh Kumar Maiti
- Ecological Restoration Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004 India
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Mao L, Keenor SG, Cai C, Kilham S, Murfitt J, Reid BJ. Recycling paper to recarbonise soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157473. [PMID: 35868366 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil organic carbon can be increased through sympathetic land management and/or directly by incorporating carbon rich amendments. Herein, a field experiment amended paper crumble (PC) to soil at a normal deployment rate of 50 t ha-1, and at higher rates up to 200 t ha-1. The nominal 50 t ha-1 PC amendment resulted a mean increase in soil carbon of 12.5 g kg-1. Using a modified Roth-C carbon fate model, the long-term (50 years) carbon storage potential of a 50 t ha-1 PC amendment was determined to be 0.36 tOC ha-1. Modelling a rotational (4 yearly) 50 t ha-1 PC amendment indicated 6.65 tOC ha-1 uplift would accrue after 50 years. Contextualised for the average farm in the East of England (~120 ha, with 79 % as arable), PC derived increases in SOC would be equivalent to 2310 t CO2e. These results support the use of PC to deliver significant levels of soil recarbonisation. Beyond carbon, PC was observed to influence other soil properties. Benefits observed included, decreased bulk density, increased water holding capacity, and increased cation exchange capacity. While PC amendment did not significantly increase wheat (Triticum aestivum) crop yield, manifold benefits in terms of increased SOC, long-term carbon storage potential, and improved soil quality sustain PC as a beneficial soil conditioner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Mao
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Sam G Keenor
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Chao Cai
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK; Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | | | | | - Brian J Reid
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
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Pandit C, Pandit S, Pant M, Ghosh D, Agarwal D, Lahiri D, Nag M, Ray RR. A Concise Review on the Synthesis, and Characterization of the Pyrolytic Lignocellulosic Biomass for Oil, Char and Gas Production: Recent Advances and its Environmental Application. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-022-00512-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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48
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Yuan Z, Song Y, Li D, Huang B, Chen Y, Ge X, Zheng M, Liao Y, Xie Z. Effects of biochar application on the loss characteristics of Cd from acidic soil under simulated rainfall conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:83969-83980. [PMID: 35776308 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21623-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is widely used for immobilizing heavy metals in soil as a kind of high-effective passivator. This research conducted incubation and simulated rainfall experiments to study the effects of biochar application on the loss characteristics of runoff and sediment, as well as the transportation of the Cd during the water erosion process. Two rainfall intensities (60 and 120 mm h-1) and five biochar application rates (0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%) were considered in the experiment. The result showed that slaking had a greater effect than mechanical stirring in aggregate breakdown of the soil, and the addition of biochar generally increased the sensitivity of the soil to wet stirring, while had no obvious influence on the resistance to slaking. The H2O and CaCl2 extractable Cd in soil significantly decreased with the increase of biochar application rate. The runoff yields decreased with the increase of biochar application rate at both the two rainfall intensities, while the eroded sediment generally decreased at the 120 mm h-1 rainfall intensity. The addition of biochar tended to increase the loss of the middle-sized (1-0.05 mm) aggregates at the 60 mm h-1 rainfall intensity, whereas reduced their loss at the 120 mm h-1 rainfall intensity. Biochar application could significantly reduce the concentration of Cd in the runoff and decreased the total loss amount of Cd (sediment+runoff) in most of the cases. Excessively high level (7%) of biochar application may aggravate soil erosion and result in more Cd loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaijian Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environment and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- International Academy of Soil and Water Conservation, Meizhou, 514000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyan Song
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingqiang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environment and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- International Academy of Soil and Water Conservation, Meizhou, 514000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environment and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China.
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China.
- International Academy of Soil and Water Conservation, Meizhou, 514000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yunhui Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Nanchang, 330096, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Ge
- South China Normal University, School of Environment, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingguo Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environment and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- International Academy of Soil and Water Conservation, Meizhou, 514000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yishan Liao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environment and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- International Academy of Soil and Water Conservation, Meizhou, 514000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyue Xie
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environment and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
- International Academy of Soil and Water Conservation, Meizhou, 514000, People's Republic of China
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Sun P, Wang Z, An S, Zhao J, Yan Y, Zhang D, Wu Z, Shen B, Lyu H. Biochar-supported nZVI for the removal of Cr(VI) from soil and water: Advances in experimental research and engineering applications. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 316:115211. [PMID: 35561491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, biochar-supported nZVI composites (nZVI/biochar) have been developed and applied to treat various pollutants due to their excellent physical and chemical properties, especially in the field of chromium (VI) removal. This paper reviewed the factors influencing the preparation and experiments of nZVI/biochar composites, optimization methods, column experimental studies and the mechanism of Cr(VI) removal. The results showed that the difference in raw materials and preparation temperature led to the difference in functional groups and electron transfer capabilities of nZVI/biochar materials. In the experimental process, pH and test temperature can affect the surface chemical properties of materials and involve the electron transfer efficiency. Elemental doping and microbial coupling can effectively improve the performance of nZVI/biochar composites. In conclusion, biochar can stabilize nZVI and enhance electron transfer in nZVI/biochar materials, enabling the composite materials to remove Cr(VI) efficiently. The study of column experiments provides a theoretical basis for applying nZVI/biochar composites in engineering. Finally, the future work prospects of nZVI/biochar composites for heavy metal removal are introduced, and the main challenges and further research directions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Shengwei An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Yichen Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Daijie Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Zhineng Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China.
| | - Boxiong Shen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Honghong Lyu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China.
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50
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Luo Y, Li Z, Xu H, Xu X, Qiu H, Cao X, Zhao L. Development of phosphorus composite biochar for simultaneous enhanced carbon sink and heavy metal immobilization in soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154845. [PMID: 35358526 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a porous and carbon material, biochar is focused on respectively in sequestrating carbon and stabilizing metals in soil, while few studies attempted to design biochar for simultaneously achieving these two targets. This study proposed to produce phosphorus-composite biochar for synchronously enhancing carbon sequestration and heavy metals immobilization. Two phosphorus materials from tailings, Ca(H2PO4)2 and Ca5(PO4)3(OH), were selected as modifier to load into biomass prior to pyrolysis. Results showed that incorporating P not only increased pyrolytic C retention in biochar by 36.1-50.1%, but also obtained biochar with higher stability by chemically formation of COP, C-PO3 and C2-PO2. After 90-day incubation with soil, more C was sequestrated in the P-biochar amended soil (59.6-67.0%) than those pristine biochar (43.2-46.6%). Highly soluble Ca(H2PO4)2 was more efficient than Ca5(PO4)3(OH) in this regard. Meanwhile, these P-composite biochar exhibited more Pb/Cd immobilization (31.3-92.3%) compared with the pristine biochar (9.5-47.2%), which was mainly due to the formation of stable precipitates Pb5(PO4)3Cl and Cd3(PO4)2, especially for Ca5(PO4)3(OH) modification. Additionally, P-composite biochar "intelligently" altered soil microbial community, i.e., they suppressed Actinobacteria proliferation, which is correlated to carbon degradation, while promoted Proteobacteria growth, facilitating phosphate dissolution for ready reaction with heavy metals to form precipitate, benefiting the Pb and Cd immobilization. A dual functions biochar was engineered via simply loading phosphorous prior to pyrolysis and simultaneously enhanced carbon sequestration and heavy metal immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhaopeng Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huacheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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