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Wu H, Tong J, Jiang X, Wang J, Zhang H, Luo Y, Pang J, Shi J. More effective than direct contact: Nano hydroxyapatite pre-treatment regulates the growth and Cd uptake of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 463:132889. [PMID: 37922579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Cd contamination in rice urgently needs to be addressed. Nano hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) is an eco-friendly material with excellent Cd fixation ability. However, due to its own high reactivity, innovative application of n-HAP in the treatment of Cd contamination in rice is needed. In this study, we proposed a new application, namely n-HAP pre-treatment, which can effectively reduce Cd accumulation in rice and alleviate Cd stress. The results showed that 80 mg/L n-HAP pre-treatment significantly reduced Cd content in rice shoot by 35.1%. Biochemical and combined transcriptomic-proteomic analysis revealed the possible molecular mechanisms by which n-HAP pre-treatment promoted rice growth and reduced Cd accumulation. (1) n-HAP pre-treatment regulated gibberellin and jasmonic acid synthesis-related pathways, increased gibberellin content and decreased jasmonic acid content in rice root, which promoted rice growth; (2) n-HAP pre-treatment up-regulated gene CATA1 expression and down-regulated gene OsGpx1 expression, which increased rice CAT activity and GSH content; (3) n-HAP pre-treatment up-regulated gene OsZIP1 expression and down-regulated gene OsNramp1 expression, which reduced Cd uptake, increased Cd efflux from rice root cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxin Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianhao Tong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaohan Jiang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haonan Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yating Luo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingli Pang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiyan Shi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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2
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Sun SK, Chen J, Zhao FJ. Regulatory mechanisms of sulfur metabolism affecting tolerance and accumulation of toxic trace metals and metalloids in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:3286-3299. [PMID: 36861339 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination with trace metals and metalloids can cause toxicity to plants and threaten food safety and human health. Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to cope with excess trace metals and metalloids in soils, including chelation and vacuolar sequestration. Sulfur-containing compounds, such as glutathione and phytochelatins, play a crucial role in their detoxification, and sulfur uptake and assimilation are regulated in response to the stress of toxic trace metals and metalloids. This review focuses on the multi-level connections between sulfur homeostasis in plants and responses to such stresses, especially those imposed by arsenic and cadmium. We consider recent progress in understanding the regulation of biosynthesis of glutathione and phytochelatins and of the sensing mechanism of sulfur homeostasis for tolerance of trace metals and metalloids in plants. We also discuss the roles of glutathione and phytochelatins in controlling the accumulation and distribution of arsenic and cadmium in plants, and possible strategies for manipulating sulfur metabolism to limit their accumulation in food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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3
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Tang Z, Wang HQ, Chen J, Chang JD, Zhao FJ. Molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity and detoxification of trace metals and metalloids in plants. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:570-593. [PMID: 36546407 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants take up a wide range of trace metals/metalloids (hereinafter referred to as trace metals) from the soil, some of which are essential but become toxic at high concentrations (e.g., Cu, Zn, Ni, Co), while others are non-essential and toxic even at relatively low concentrations (e.g., As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Hg). Soil contamination of trace metals is an increasing problem worldwide due to intensifying human activities. Trace metal contamination can cause toxicity and growth inhibition in plants, as well as accumulation in the edible parts to levels that threatens food safety and human health. Understanding the mechanisms of trace metal toxicity and how plants respond to trace metal stress is important for improving plant growth and food safety in contaminated soils. The accumulation of excess trace metals in plants can cause oxidative stress, genotoxicity, programmed cell death, and disturbance in multiple physiological processes. Plants have evolved various strategies to detoxify trace metals through cell-wall binding, complexation, vacuolar sequestration, efflux, and translocation. Multiple signal transduction pathways and regulatory responses are involved in plants challenged with trace metal stresses. In this review, we discuss the recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in trace metal toxicity, detoxification, and regulation, as well as strategies to enhance plant resistance to trace metal stresses and reduce toxic metal accumulation in food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Han-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jia-Dong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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4
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Yaashikaa PR, Kumar PS, Jeevanantham S, Saravanan R. A review on bioremediation approach for heavy metal detoxification and accumulation in plants. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 301:119035. [PMID: 35196562 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the accumulation of toxic heavy metals in soil and water streams is considered a serious environmental problem that causes various harmful effects on plants and animals. Phytoremediation is an effective, green, and economical bioremediation approach by which the harmful heavy metals in the contaminated ecosystem can be detoxified and accumulated in the plant. Hyperaccumulators exude molecules called transporters that carry and translocate the heavy metals present in the soil to different plant parts. The hyperaccumulator plant genes can confine higher concentrations of toxic heavy metals in their tissues. The efficiency of phytoremediation relies on various parameters such as soil properties (pH and soil type), organic matters in soil, heavy metal type, nature of rhizosphere, characteristics of rhizosphere microflora, etc. The present review comprehensively discusses the toxicity effect of heavy metals on the environment and different phytoremediation mechanisms for the transport and accumulation of heavy metals from polluted soil. This review gave comprehensive insights into plants tolerance for the higher heavy metal concentration their responses for heavy metal accumulation and the different mechanisms involved for heavy metal tolerance. The current status and the characteristic features that need to be improved in the phytoremediation process are also reviewed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Yaashikaa
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India.
| | - S Jeevanantham
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - R Saravanan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
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Kumar S, Yadav A, Bano N, Dubey AK, Verma R, Pandey A, Kumar A, Bag S, Srivastava S, Sanyal I. Genome-wide profiling of drought-tolerant Arabidopsis plants over-expressing chickpea MT1 gene reveals transcription factors implicated in stress modulation. Funct Integr Genomics 2022; 22:153-170. [PMID: 34988675 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-021-00823-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Drought, a major abiotic limiting factor, could be modulated with in-built reprogramming of plants at molecular level by regulating the activity of plant developmental processes, stress endurance and adaptation. The transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana over-expressing metallothionein 1 (MT1) gene of desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) was subjected to transcriptome analysis. We evaluated drought tolerance of 7 days old plants of Arabidopsis thaliana in both wild-type (WT) as well as transgenic plants and performed transcriptome analysis. Our analysis revealed 24,737 transcripts representing 24,594 genes out of which 5,816 were differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under drought conditions and 841 genes were common in both genotypes. A total of 1251 DEGs in WT and 2099 in MT1 were identified in comparison with control. Out of the significant DEGs, 432 and 944 were upregulated, whereas 819 and 1155 were downregulated in WT and MT1 plants, respectively. The physiological and molecular parameters involving germination assay, root length measurements under different stress treatments and quantitative expression analysis of transgenic plants in comparison to wild-type were found to be enhanced. CarMT1 plants also demonstrated modulation of various other stress-responsive genes that reprogrammed themselves for stress adaptation. Amongst various drought-responsive genes, 24 DEGs showed similar quantitative expression as obtained through RNA sequencing data. Hence, these modulatory genes could be used as a genetic tool for understanding and delineating the mechanisms for fine-tuning of stress responses in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanoj Kumar
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226001, India.,Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ankita Yadav
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226001, India.,Laboratory of Morphogenesis, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Nasreen Bano
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226001, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Dubey
- Plant Stress Laboratory, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus 84990, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Rita Verma
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226001, India.,Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ankesh Pandey
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226001, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226001, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263136, India
| | - Sumit Bag
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226001, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Indraneel Sanyal
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226001, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Thakur M, Praveen S, Divte PR, Mitra R, Kumar M, Gupta CK, Kalidindi U, Bansal R, Roy S, Anand A, Singh B. Metal tolerance in plants: Molecular and physicochemical interface determines the "not so heavy effect" of heavy metals. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:131957. [PMID: 34450367 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An increase in technological interventions and ruthless urbanization in the name of development has deteriorated our environment over time and caused the buildup of heavy metals (HMs) in the soil and water resources. These heavy metals are gaining increased access into our food chain through the plant and/or animal-based products, to adversely impact human health. The issue of how to restrict the entry of HMs or modulate their response in event of their ingress into the plant system is worrisome. The current knowledge on the interactive-regulatory role and contribution of different physical, biophysical, biochemical, physiological, and molecular factors that determine the heavy metal availability-uptake-partitioning dynamics in the soil-plant-environment needs to be updated. The present review critically analyses the interactive overlaps between different adaptation and tolerance strategies that may be causally related to their cellular localization, conjugation and homeostasis, a relative affinity for the transporters, rhizosphere modifications, activation of efflux pumps and vacuolar sequestration that singly or collectively determine a plant's response to HM stress. Recently postulated role of gaseous pollutants such as SO2 and other secondary metabolites in heavy metal tolerance, which may be regulated at the whole plant and/or tissue/cell is discussed to delineate and work towards a "not so heavy" response of plants to heavy metals present in the contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Thakur
- College of Horticulture and Forestry (Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry), Neri, Hamirpur, 177 001, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shamima Praveen
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Pandurang R Divte
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Raktim Mitra
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Maharashtra, 413 115, India
| | - Chandan Kumar Gupta
- Division of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, 226 002, India
| | - Usha Kalidindi
- Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Suman Roy
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700 120, India
| | - Anjali Anand
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
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Mei L, Zhu Y, Liu H, Hui Y, Xiang J, Daud MK, Jiang S, Zhu S. Genome-wide characterization on MT family and their expression in response to environmental cues in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 198:54-67. [PMID: 34968536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are believed as key metal chelators and scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are involved in tolerance and de-toxicity to multiple environmental stresses in plants. The MT gene family was characterized from upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), compared with its putative genome donors G. arboretum and raimondii. Subsequently, gene functions were predicted by promoter analysis. Moreover, gene expressions subjecting to exogenous stimuli, as well as in terms of developments, were studied. The main findings were shown as follows: 1) 19 GhMTs were identified from G. hirsutum, and the family completely included all four sub-types, namely p1, p2, p3, and pec. Sub-type p2 GhMTs were most conservative in protein motif compositions, gene structures, phylogenic relationships, and group numbers, while p3 GhMTs demonstrated much more diversiform and distant genetic relationships. 2) The GhMT family experienced apparent gene expansion, and the members from the D sub-genome were subjected to stronger environmental selection. 3) GhMTs played differential and overlapped roles in response to environmental cues. 4) GhMT6, GhMT8, and GhMT14 were involved in both vegetative and reproductive developments. These findings must provide valuable insights into understanding the plant MT gene family and novel gene resources for cotton breeding for environmental stresses, phytoremediation, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Mei
- Institution of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hubei Selenium Industrial Technology Research Institute, Enshi 445000, China; Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom.
| | - Yueyi Zhu
- Institution of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haiying Liu
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Yixuan Hui
- Institution of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiqian Xiang
- Hubei Selenium Industrial Technology Research Institute, Enshi 445000, China; Enshi Tujia & Miao Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Mohammed Khan Daud
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Sanjie Jiang
- St Edmund's College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0BN, United Kingdom; Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom.
| | - Shuijin Zhu
- Institution of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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8
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Feki K, Tounsi S, Mrabet M, Mhadhbi H, Brini F. Recent advances in physiological and molecular mechanisms of heavy metal accumulation in plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:64967-64986. [PMID: 34599711 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Among abiotic stress, the toxicity of metals impacts negatively on plants' growth and productivity. This toxicity promotes various perturbations in plants at different levels. To withstand stress, plants involve efficient mechanisms through the implication of various signaling pathways. These pathways enhance the expression of many target genes among them gene coding for metal transporters. Various metal transporters which are localized at the plasma membrane and/or at the tonoplast are crucial in metal stress response. Furthermore, metal detoxification is provided by metal-binding proteins like phytochelatins and metallothioneins. The understanding of the molecular basis of metal toxicities signaling pathways and tolerance mechanisms is crucial for genetic engineering to produce transgenic plants that enhance phytoremediation. This review presents an overview of the recent advances in our understanding of metal stress response. Firstly, we described the effect of metal stress on plants. Then, we highlight the mechanisms involved in metal detoxification and the importance of the regulation in the response to heavy metal stress. Finally, we mentioned the importance of genetic engineering for enhancing the phytoremediation technique. In the end, the response to heavy metal stress is complex and implicates various components. Thus, further studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms involved in response to this abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaouthar Feki
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystem (L2AD), Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, BP901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Sana Tounsi
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, B.P "1177", 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Moncef Mrabet
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystem (L2AD), Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, BP901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Haythem Mhadhbi
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystem (L2AD), Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, BP901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Faiçal Brini
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, B.P "1177", 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Dubey AK, Kumar A, Kumar N, Kumar S, Gautam A, Ansari MA, Manika N, Lal S, Behera SK, Mallick S, Sanyal I. Over-expression of chickpea metallothionein 1 gene confers tolerance against major toxic heavy metal stress in Arabidopsis. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:2665-2678. [PMID: 35035129 PMCID: PMC8720129 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Heavy metals are ubiquitously present in nature, including soil, water, and thus in plants, thereby causing a potential health risk. This study has investigated the role and efficiency of the chickpea metallothionein 1 (MT1) gene against the major toxic heavy metals, i.e., As [As(III) and As(V)], Cr(VI), and Cd toxicity. MT1 over-expressing transgenic lines had reduced As(V) and Cr(VI) accumulation, whereas Cd accumulation was enhanced in the L3 line. The physiological responses (WUE, A, Gs, E, ETR, and qP) were noted to be enhanced in transgenic plants, whereas qN was decreased. Similarly, the antioxidant molecules and enzymatic activities (GSH/GSSG, Asc/DHA, APX, GPX, and GRX) were higher in the transgenic plants. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, i.e., SOD, APX, GPX, and POD, were highest in the Cd-treated lines, whereas higher CAT activity was observed in As(V)-L1 and GRX in Cr-L3 line. The stress markers TBARS, H2O2, and electrolyte leakage were lower in transgenic lines in comparison to WT, while RWC was enhanced in the transgenic lines, and the transcript of MT1 gene was accumulated in the transgenic lines. Similarly, the level of stress-responsive amino acid cysteine was higher in transgenic plants as compared to WT plants. Among all the heavy metals, MT1 over-expressing lines showed a highly increased accumulation of Cd, whereas a non-significant effect was observed with As(III) treatment. Overall, the results demonstrate that Arabidopsis thaliana transformed with the MT1 gene mitigates heavy metal stress by regulating the defense mechanisms in plants. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-021-01103-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Kumar Dubey
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Navin Kumar
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Sanoj Kumar
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Ambedkar Gautam
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Mohd Akram Ansari
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - N. Manika
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Swati Lal
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Soumit Kumar Behera
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Shekhar Mallick
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Indraneel Sanyal
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
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10
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Peco JD, Sandalio LM, Higueras P, Olmedilla A, Campos JA. Characterization of the biochemical basis for copper homeostasis and tolerance in Biscutella auriculata L. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:167-179. [PMID: 33280132 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biscutella auriculata L. is a plant that belongs to the Brassicaceae family and it has been found growing in a metal-contaminated area of the San Quíntín mine (Ciudad Real, Spain). The purpose of this work was to evaluate the mechanisms that allow this plant to tolerate high concentrations of copper. Seedlings were grown in a semi-hydroponic system for 15 days under 125 μM of Cu (NO3 )2 . Exposure to copper resulted in growth inhibition and reduction in the photosynthetic parameters. Copper was mainly accumulated in vascular tissue and vacuoles of the roots and only a minor proportion was transferred to the shoot. Biothiol analysis showed a greater enhancement of reduced glutathione in leaves and increases of phytochelatins (PC2 and PC3) in both leaves and roots. Copper treatment induced oxidative stress, which triggered a response of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms. The results show that B. auriculata is able to tolerate high metal levels through the activation of specific mechanisms to neutralize the oxidative stress produced and also by metal sequestration through phytochelatins. The preferential accumulation of copper in roots provides clues for further studies on the use of this plant for phytostabilization and environmental recovery purposes in Cu-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús D Peco
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, UCLM, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto de Geología Aplicada, UCLM, Almadén, Spain
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | | | - Adela Olmedilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Juan A Campos
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, UCLM, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto de Geología Aplicada, UCLM, Almadén, Spain
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11
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Wu D, Tanaka R, Li X, Ramstein GP, Cu S, Hamilton JP, Buell CR, Stangoulis J, Rocheford T, Gore MA. High-resolution genome-wide association study pinpoints metal transporter and chelator genes involved in the genetic control of element levels in maize grain. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2021; 11:6156830. [PMID: 33677522 PMCID: PMC8759812 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite its importance to plant function and human health, the genetics underpinning element levels in maize grain remain largely unknown. Through a genome-wide association study in the maize Ames panel of nearly 2,000 inbred lines that was imputed with ∼7.7 million SNP markers, we investigated the genetic basis of natural variation for the concentration of 11 elements in grain. Novel associations were detected for the metal transporter genes rte2 (rotten ear2) and irt1 (iron-regulated transporter1) with boron and nickel, respectively. We also further resolved loci that were previously found to be associated with one or more of five elements (copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, and/or zinc), with two metal chelator and five metal transporter candidate causal genes identified. The nas5 (nicotianamine synthase5) gene involved in the synthesis of nicotianamine, a metal chelator, was found associated with both zinc and iron and suggests a common genetic basis controlling the accumulation of these two metals in the grain. Furthermore, moderate predictive abilities were obtained for the 11 elemental grain phenotypes with two whole-genome prediction models: Bayesian Ridge Regression (0.33–0.51) and BayesB (0.33–0.53). Of the two models, BayesB, with its greater emphasis on large-effect loci, showed ∼4–10% higher predictive abilities for nickel, molybdenum, and copper. Altogether, our findings contribute to an improved genotype-phenotype map for grain element accumulation in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Ryokei Tanaka
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | | | - Suong Cu
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - John P Hamilton
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - C Robin Buell
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - James Stangoulis
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Torbert Rocheford
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Michael A Gore
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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12
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Carrillo JT, Borthakur D. Methods for metal chelation in plant homeostasis: Review. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 163:95-107. [PMID: 33826996 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Metal uptake, transport and storage in plants depend on specialized ligands with closely related functions. Individual studies differing by species, nutrient availability, tissue type, etc. are not comprehensive enough to understand plant metal homeostasis in its entirety. A thorough review is required that distinguishes the role of ligands directly involved in chelation from the myriad of plant responses to general stress. Distinguishing between the functions of metal chelating compounds is the primary focus of this review; reactive oxygen species mediation and other aspects of metal homeostasis are also discussed. High molecular weight ligands (polysaccharides, phytochelatin, metallothionein), low molecular weight ligands (nicotianamine, histidine, secondary metabolites) and select studies which demonstrate the complex nature of plant metal homeostasis are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T Carrillo
- University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Molecular Biology and Bioengineering, 1955 East-West Road, Agricultural Sciences 218, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
| | - Dulal Borthakur
- University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Molecular Biology and Bioengineering, 1955 East-West Road, Agricultural Sciences 218, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
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13
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Luo JS, Zhang Z. Mechanisms of cadmium phytoremediation and detoxification in plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Sheng H, Jiang Y, Rahmati M, Chia JC, Dokuchayeva T, Kavulych Y, Zavodna TO, Mendoza PN, Huang R, Smieshka LM, Miller J, Woll AR, Terek OI, Romanyuk ND, Piñeros M, Zhou Y, Vatamaniuk OK. YSL3-mediated copper distribution is required for fertility, seed size and protein accumulation in Brachypodium. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:655-676. [PMID: 33576792 PMCID: PMC8154065 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Addressing the looming global food security crisis requires the development of high-yielding crops. In agricultural soils, deficiency in the micronutrient copper significantly decreases grain yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum), a globally important crop. In cereals, grain yield is determined by inflorescence architecture, flower fertility, grain size, and weight. Whether copper is involved in these processes, and how it is delivered to the reproductive organs is not well understood. We show that copper deficiency alters not only the grain set but also flower development in both wheat and its recognized model, Brachypodium distachyon. We then show that the Brachypodium yellow stripe-like 3 (YSL3) transporter localizes to the phloem, transports copper in frog (Xenopus laevis) oocytes, and facilitates copper delivery to reproductive organs and grains. Failure to deliver copper, but not iron, zinc, or manganese to these structures in the ysl3 CRISPR-Cas9 mutant results in delayed flowering, altered inflorescence architecture, reduced floret fertility, grain size, weight, and protein accumulation. These defects are rescued by copper supplementation and are complemented by YSL3 cDNA. This knowledge will help to devise sustainable approaches for improving grain yield in regions where soil quality is a major obstacle for crop production. Copper distribution by a phloem-localized transporter is essential for the transition to flowering, inflorescence architecture, floret fertility, size, weight, and protein accumulation in seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajin Sheng
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yulin Jiang
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Maryam Rahmati
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Ju-Chen Chia
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Tatyana Dokuchayeva
- Cornell Nutrient Analysis Laboratory, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yana Kavulych
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Biology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana-Olena Zavodna
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Patrick N Mendoza
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Rong Huang
- Cornell University, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Louisa M Smieshka
- Cornell University, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Julia Miller
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Arthur R Woll
- Cornell University, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Olga I Terek
- Department of Biology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
| | - Nataliya D Romanyuk
- Department of Biology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
| | - Miguel Piñeros
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Olena K Vatamaniuk
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Author for communication:
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15
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Bellini E, Betti C, Sanità di Toppi L. Responses to Cadmium in Early-Diverging Streptophytes (Charophytes and Bryophytes): Current Views and Potential Applications. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:770. [PMID: 33919852 PMCID: PMC8070800 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Several transition metals are essential for plant growth and development, as they are involved in various fundamental metabolic functions. By contrast, cadmium (Cd) is a metal that can prove extremely toxic for plants and other organisms in a dose-dependent manner. Charophytes and bryophytes are early-diverging streptophytes widely employed for biomonitoring purposes, as they are able to cope with high concentrations of toxic metal(loid)s without showing any apparent heavy damage. In this review, we will deal with different mechanisms that charophytes and bryophytes have evolved to respond to Cd at a cellular level. Particular attention will be addressed to strategies involving Cd vacuolar sequestration and cell wall immobilization, focusing on specific mechanisms that help achieve detoxification. Understanding the effects of metal(loid) pollution and accumulation on the morpho-physiological traits of charophytes and bryophytes can be in fact fundamental for optimizing their use as phytomonitors and/or phytoremediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Bellini
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (L.S.d.T.)
| | - Camilla Betti
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
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16
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Rono JK, Le Wang L, Wu XC, Cao HW, Zhao YN, Khan IU, Yang ZM. Identification of a new function of metallothionein-like gene OsMT1e for cadmium detoxification and potential phytoremediation. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 265:129136. [PMID: 33276998 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a biologically non-essential and toxic heavy metal leaking to the environment via natural emission or anthropogenic activities, thereby contaminating crops and threatening human health. Metallothioneins (MTs) are a group of metal-binding proteins playing critical roles in metal allocation and homeostasis. In this study, we identified a novel function of OsMT1e from rice plants. OsMT1e was dominantly expressed in roots at all developmental stages and, to less extent, expressed in leaves at vegetative and seed filling stages. OsMT1e was mainly targeted to the nucleus and substantially induced by Cd exposure. Expression of OsMT1e in a yeast Cd-sensitive strain ycf1 conferred cellular tolerance to Cd, even though the ycf1 + OsMT1e cells accumulated more Cd than the control cells (ycf1 + pYES2). Both transgenic rice overexpressing (OX) and repressing OsMT1e by RNA interference (RNAi) were developed. Phenotypic analysis revealed that OsMT1e overexpression enhanced the rice growth concerning the increased shoot or root elongation, dry weight and chlorophyll contents, whereas the RNAi lines displayed a sensitive growth phenotype compared to wild-type. Assessment with 0.5, 2 and 10 μM Cd for two weeks revealed that the RNAi lines accumulated less Cd, while the OX lines had an increased Cd accumulation in root and shoot tissues. The contrasting Cd accumulation phenotypes between the OX and RNAi lines were further confirmed by a long-term study with 0.5 μM Cd for one month. Overall, the study unveiled a new function of OsMT1e in rice, which can be potentially used for engineering genotypes for phytoremediation or minimizing Cd in rice crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justice Kipkorir Rono
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Le Le Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xue Chun Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hong Wei Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ya Ning Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Irfan Ullah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhi Min Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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17
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Lei GJ, Yamaji N, Ma JF. Two metallothionein genes highly expressed in rice nodes are involved in distribution of Zn to the grain. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:1007-1020. [PMID: 32772382 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A rice node is a hub for distribution of mineral elements; however, most genes highly expressed in the node have not been functionally characterized. Transcriptomic analysis of a rice node revealed that two metallothionein genes, OsMT2b and OsMT2c, were highly expressed in the node I. We functionally characterized these genes in terms of gene expression pattern, cellular and subcellular localization, phenotypic analysis of the single and double knockout mutants and metal-binding ability. Both OsMT2b and OsMT2c were mainly and constitutively expressed in the phloem region of enlarged and diffuse vascular bundles in the nodes and of the anther. Knockout of either OsMT2b or OsMT2c increased zinc (Zn) accumulation in the nodes, but decreased Zn distribution to the panicle, resulting in decreased grain yield. A double mutant, osmt2bmt2c, showed further negative effects on the Zn distribution and grain yield. By contrast, knockout of OsMT2b had a small effect on copper (Cu) accumulation. Both OsMT2b and OsMT2c showed binding ability with Zn, whereas only OsMT2b showed binding ability with Cu in yeast. Our results suggest that both OsMT2b and OsMT2c play an important role mainly in the distribution of Zn to grain through chelation and subsequent transport of Zn in the phloem in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Jie Lei
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamaji
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
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18
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Yao Y, Wang M, Zhang P, Wang X, Huang X, Liu W, Wang Z, Yang R. Different responses in metallothionein gene expression and antioxidative enzyme activity lead to more ROS accumulation in rice exposed to Tl(III) than to Tl(I). CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 259:127258. [PMID: 32585458 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This is the first study to investigate the reduction mechanism of Tl (III) to Tl(I) in the presence of plants, especially rice. Smaller plant density could effectively reduce the content of organic acids in the hydroponic system to keep the stability of Tl(III). As the plant density was reduced from 40 seedlings to 10 seedlings in 100 mL Tl(III) solution, the content of oxalate was declined to one-third of the original, and the ratio of Tl(III)/total Tl was increased from 39.6% to 81.0% in the first 2 h treatment. Then the differences in antioxidant capacity of rice exposed to the two Tl species were studied. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2˙-) of rice roots exposed to Tl(III) were all higher than those to Tl(I). Meanwhile, the catalase (CAT) activity was significantly depressed and peroxidase (POD) was increased by Tl(III), whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed a rise in both Tl(I) and Tl(III) with no significant difference between them. The expression of metallothionein gene OsMT1a to Tl(I) was upregulated to 255.5 times of Tl(III) though OsMT2c was downregulated to 0.39 times of Tl(III). Overall, the different responses in metallothionein gene expression and antioxidative enzyme activation might result in more ROS accumulation to rice roots by Tl(III) treatment than those by Tl(I).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yao
- School of Life Science, Key Laboratory for Functional Study on Plant Stress-Resistant Genes, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Moyun Wang
- School of Life Science, Key Laboratory for Functional Study on Plant Stress-Resistant Genes, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xiaolan Wang
- School of Life Science, Key Laboratory for Functional Study on Plant Stress-Resistant Genes, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuexia Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhenchun Wang
- School of Life Science, Key Laboratory for Functional Study on Plant Stress-Resistant Genes, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ruiqi Yang
- School of Life Science, Key Laboratory for Functional Study on Plant Stress-Resistant Genes, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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19
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De Oliveira VH, Ullah I, Dunwell JM, Tibbett M. Bioremediation potential of Cd by transgenic yeast expressing a metallothionein gene from Populus trichocarpa. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 202:110917. [PMID: 32800252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an extremely toxic environmental pollutant with high mobility in soils, which can contaminate groundwater, increasing its risk of entering the food chain. Yeast biosorption can be a low-cost and effective method for removing Cd from contaminated aqueous solutions. We transformed wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae (WT) with two versions of a Populus trichocarpa gene (PtMT2b) coding for a metallothionein: one with the original sequence (PtMT2b 'C') and the other with a mutated sequence, with an amino acid substitution (C3Y, named here: PtMT2b 'Y'). WT and both transformed yeasts were grown under Cd stress, in agar (0; 10; 20; 50 μM Cd) and liquid medium (0; 10; 20 μM Cd). Yeast growth was assessed visually and by spectrometry OD600. Cd removal from contaminated media and intracellular accumulation were also quantified. PtMT2b 'Y' was also inserted into mutant strains: fet3fet4, zrt1zrt2 and smf1, and grown under Fe-, Zn- and Mn-deficient media, respectively. Yeast strains had similar growth under 0 μM, but differed under 20 μM Cd, the order of tolerance was: WT < PtMT2b 'C' < PtMT2b 'Y', the latter presenting 37% higher growth than the strain with PtMT2b 'C'. It also extracted ~80% of the Cd in solution, and had higher intracellular Cd than WT. Mutant yeasts carrying PtMT2b 'Y' had slightly higher growth in Mn- and Fe-deficient media than their non-transgenic counterparts, suggesting the transgenic protein may chelate these metals. S. cerevisiae carrying the altered poplar gene offers potential for bioremediation of Cd from wastewaters or other contaminated liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Henrique De Oliveira
- Department of Sustainable Land Management & Soil Research Centre, School of Agricultura, Policy and Development, University of Reading, RG6 6AR, UK
| | - Ihsan Ullah
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, RG6 6AR, UK
| | - Jim M Dunwell
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, RG6 6AR, UK
| | - Mark Tibbett
- Department of Sustainable Land Management & Soil Research Centre, School of Agricultura, Policy and Development, University of Reading, RG6 6AR, UK.
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20
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Moenne A, Gómez M, Laporte D, Espinoza D, Sáez CA, González A. Mechanisms of Copper Tolerance, Accumulation, and Detoxification in the Marine Macroalga Ulva compressa (Chlorophyta): 20 Years of Research. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E681. [PMID: 32471287 PMCID: PMC7355463 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Copper induces an oxidative stress condition in the marine alga Ulva compressa that is due to the production of superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide, mainly in organelles. The increase in hydrogen peroxide is accompanied by increases in intracellular calcium and nitric oxide, and there is a crosstalk among these signals. The increase in intracellular calcium activates signaling pathways involving Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinases (CaMKs) and Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases (CDPKs), leading to activation of gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and enzymes involved in ascorbate (ASC) and glutathione (GSH) synthesis. It was recently shown that copper also activates Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs) that participate in the increase in the expression of antioxidant enzymes. The increase in gene expression leads to enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes and to enhanced levels of ASC and GSH. In addition, copper induces an increase in photosynthesis leading to an increase in the leve of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH). Copper also induces an increase in activities of enzymes involved in C, N, and S assimilation, allowing the replacement of proteins damaged by oxidative stress. The accumulation of copper in acute exposure involved increases in GSH, phytochelatins (PCs), and metallothioneins (MTs) whereas the accumulation of copper in chronic exposure involved only MTs. Acute and chronic copper exposure induced the accumulation of copper-containing particles in chloroplasts. On the other hand, copper is extruded from the alga with an equimolar amount of GSH. Thus, the increases in activities of antioxidant enzymes, in ASC, GSH, and NADPH levels, and in C, N, and S assimilation, the accumulation of copper-containing particles in chloroplasts, and the extrusion of copper ions from the alga constitute essential mechanisms that participate in the buffering of copper-induced oxidative stress in U. compressa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Moenne
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago 916000, Chile; (M.G.); (D.L.); (D.E.)
| | - Melissa Gómez
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago 916000, Chile; (M.G.); (D.L.); (D.E.)
| | - Daniel Laporte
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago 916000, Chile; (M.G.); (D.L.); (D.E.)
| | - Daniela Espinoza
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago 916000, Chile; (M.G.); (D.L.); (D.E.)
| | - Claudio A. Sáez
- Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Research, Centro de Estudios Avanzados, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile;
- Hub Ambiental UPLA, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2390302, Chile
| | - Alberto González
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Santiago 916000, Chile; (M.G.); (D.L.); (D.E.)
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Metagenomics-Guided Discovery of Potential Bacterial Metallothionein Genes from the Soil Microbiome That Confer Cu and/or Cd Resistance. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:AEM.02907-19. [PMID: 32111593 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02907-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallothionein (MT) genes are valuable genetic materials for developing metal bioremediation tools. Currently, a limited number of prokaryotic MTs have been experimentally identified, which necessitates the expansion of bacterial MT diversity. In this study, we conducted a metagenomics-guided analysis for the discovery of potential bacterial MT genes from the soil microbiome. More specifically, we combined resistance gene enrichment through diversity loss, metagenomic mining with a dedicated MT database, evolutionary trace analysis, DNA chemical synthesis, and functional genomic validation to identify novel MTs. Results showed that Cu stress induced a compositional change in the soil microbiome, with an enrichment of metal-resistant bacteria in soils with higher Cu concentrations. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed to obtain the gene pool of environmental DNA (eDNA), which was subjected to a local BLAST search against an MT database for detecting putative MT genes. Evolutional trace analysis led to the identification of 27 potential MTs with conserved cysteine/histidine motifs different from those of known prokaryotic MTs. Following chemical synthesis of these 27 potential MT genes and heterologous expression in Escherichia coli, six of them were found to improve the hosts' growth substantially and enhanced the hosts' sorption of Cu, Cd, and Zn, among which MT5 led to a 13.7-fold increase in Cd accumulation. Furthermore, four of them restored Cu and/or Cd resistance in two metal-sensitive E. coli strains.IMPORTANCE The metagenomics-guided procedure developed here bypasses the difficulties encountered in classic PCR-based approaches and led to the discovery of novel MT genes, which may be useful in developing bioremediation tools. The procedure used here expands our knowledge on the diversity of bacterial MTs in the environment and may also be applicable to identify other functional genes from eDNA.
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Fatiukha A, Klymiuk V, Peleg Z, Saranga Y, Cakmak I, Krugman T, Korol AB, Fahima T. Variation in phosphorus and sulfur content shapes the genetic architecture and phenotypic associations within the wheat grain ionome. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 101:555-572. [PMID: 31571297 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Dissection of the genetic basis of wheat ionome is crucial for understanding the physiological and biochemical processes underlying mineral accumulation in seeds, as well as for efficient crop breeding. Most of the elements essential for plants are metals stored in seeds as chelate complexes with phytic acid or sulfur-containing compounds. We assume that the involvement of phosphorus and sulfur in metal chelation is the reason for strong phenotypic correlations within ionome. Adjustment of element concentrations for the effect of variation in phosphorus and sulfur seed content resulted in drastic change of phenotypic correlations between the elements. The genetic architecture of wheat grain ionome was characterized by quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis using a cross between durum and wild emmer wheat. QTL analysis of the adjusted traits and two-trait analysis of the initial traits paired with either P or S considerably improved QTL detection power and accuracy, resulting in the identification of 105 QTLs and 617 QTL effects for 11 elements. Candidate gene search revealed some potential functional associations between QTLs and corresponding genes within their intervals. Thus, we have shown that accounting for variation in P and S is crucial for understanding of the physiological and genetic regulation of mineral composition of wheat grain ionome and can be implemented for other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Fatiukha
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, 199 Abba-Khoushy Ave, Mt. Carmel, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Valentyna Klymiuk
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, 199 Abba-Khoushy Ave, Mt. Carmel, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Zvi Peleg
- R. H. Smith Institute of Plant Science & Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Yehoshua Saranga
- R. H. Smith Institute of Plant Science & Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Ismail Cakmak
- Faculty of Engineering & Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla İstanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Tamar Krugman
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Abraham B Korol
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, 199 Abba-Khoushy Ave, Mt. Carmel, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Tzion Fahima
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, 199 Abba-Khoushy Ave, Mt. Carmel, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
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Zúñiga A, Laporte D, González A, Gómez M, Sáez CA, Moenne A. Isolation and Characterization of Copper- and Zinc- Binding Metallothioneins from the Marine Alga Ulva compressa (Chlorophyta). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:E153. [PMID: 31881655 PMCID: PMC6981760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, transcripts encoding three metallothioneins from Ulva compressa (UcMTs) were amplified: The 5'and 3' UTRs by RACE-PCR, and the open reading frames (ORFs) by PCR. Transcripts encoding UcMT1.1 (Crassostrea-like), UcMT2 (Mytilus-like), and UcMT3 (Dreissena-like) showed a 5'UTR of 61, 71, and 65 nucleotides and a 3'UTR of 418, 235, and 193 nucleotides, respectively. UcMT1.1 ORF encodes a protein of 81 amino acids (MW 8.2 KDa) with 25 cysteines (29.4%), arranged as three motifs CC and nine motifs CXC; UcMT2 ORF encode a protein of 90 amino acids (9.05 kDa) with 27 cysteines (30%), arranged as three motifs CC, nine motifs CXC, and one motif CXXC; UcMT3 encode a protein of 139 amino acids (13.4 kDa) with 34 cysteines (24%), arranged as seven motifs CC and seven motifs CXC. UcMT1 and UcMT2 were more similar among each other, showing 60% similarity in amino acids; UcMT3 showed only 31% similarity with UcMT1 and UcMT2. In addition, UcMTs displayed structural similarity with MTs of marine invertebrates MTs and the terrestrial invertebrate Caenorhabtidis elegans MTs, but not with MTs from red or brown macroalgae. The ORFs fused with GST were expressed in bacteria allowing copper accumulation, mainly in MT1 and MT2, and zinc, in the case of the three MTs. Thus, the three MTs allowed copper and zinc accumulation in vivo. UcMTs may play a role in copper and zinc accumulation in U. compressa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Zúñiga
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (A.Z.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
- HUB AMBIENTAL UPLA, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Postgrado e Innovación, University of Playa Ancha, Avenida Carvallo 270, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile;
| | - Daniel Laporte
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (A.Z.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Alberto González
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (A.Z.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Melissa Gómez
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (A.Z.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Claudio A. Sáez
- HUB AMBIENTAL UPLA, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Postgrado e Innovación, University of Playa Ancha, Avenida Carvallo 270, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile;
- Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Research, Center of Advances Studies, University of Playa Ancha, Traslaviña 450, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | - Alejandra Moenne
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (A.Z.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
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Hasan MK, Ahammed GJ, Sun S, Li M, Yin H, Zhou J. Melatonin Inhibits Cadmium Translocation and Enhances Plant Tolerance by Regulating Sulfur Uptake and Assimilation in Solanum lycopersicum L. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10563-10576. [PMID: 31487171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur (S) metabolism plays a vital role in Cd detoxification, but the collaboration between melatonin biosynthesis and S metabolism under Cd stress remains unaddressed. Using exogenous melatonin, melatonin-deficient tomato plants with a silenced caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene, and COMT-overexpressing plants with cosuppression of sulfate transporter (SUT)1 and SUT2 genes, we found that melatonin deficiency decreased S accumulation and aggravated Cd phytotoxicity, whereas exogenous melatonin or overexpression of COMT increased S uptake and assimilation, resulting in an improved plant growth and Cd tolerance. Melatonin deficiency promoted Cd translocation from root to shoot, but COMT overexpression caused the opposite effect. COMT overexpression failed to compensate the functional hierarchy of S when its uptake was inhibited by cosilencing of transporter SUT1 and SUT2. Our study provides genetic evidence that melatonin-mediated tolerance to Cd is closely associated with the efficient regulation of S metabolism, redox homeostasis, and Cd translocation in tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Kamrul Hasan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Department of Horticulture , Zhejiang University , Yuhangtang Road 866 , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Forestry , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang 471023 , China
| | - Shuchang Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Department of Horticulture , Zhejiang University , Yuhangtang Road 866 , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Mengqi Li
- Zhejiang Institute of Geological Survey , Xiaojin Road 508 , Hangzhou 311203 , China
| | - Hanqin Yin
- Zhejiang Institute of Geological Survey , Xiaojin Road 508 , Hangzhou 311203 , China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Department of Horticulture , Zhejiang University , Yuhangtang Road 866 , Hangzhou 310058 , China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement , Agricultural Ministry of China , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou 310058 , China
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25
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Pakdee O, Songnuan W, Panvisavas N, Pokethitiyook P, Yokthongwattana K, Meetam M. Functional characterization of metallothionein-like genes from Physcomitrella patens: expression profiling, yeast heterologous expression, and disruption of PpMT1.2a gene. PLANTA 2019; 250:427-443. [PMID: 31037485 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03173-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Physcomitrella patens contains four metallothionein-like genes. Three were shown to confer metal tolerance in yeast. Transcript profiling suggests their roles in senescence and reproductive development or cadmium and oxidative stress. Metallothioneins (MTs) have been suggested to play various roles including metal detoxification, nutrient remobilization, ROS scavenging, stress tolerance, and plant development. However, little is known about the forms and functions of MTs in bryophytes. The moss Physcomitrella patens genome was found to contain four MT-like genes. Amino acid sequence composition showed that the P. patens MTs (PpMTs) were clustered with Type 1 plant MTs, and could be further classified into two sub-types, herein referred to as sub-type 1: PpMT1.1a and PpMT1.1b and sub-type 2: PpMT1.2a and PpMT1.2b. Transcript abundance of PpMT1.1b and PpMT1.2b was upregulated in the gametophore compared to protonema, and all, except PpMT1.2a, were highly induced in senescing gametophytes. PpMT1.1a and PpMT1.1b transcripts were upregulated in protonema treated with cadmium and hydrogen peroxide. Unlike many higher plant MTs, the PpMT transcript abundance was not strongly induced in response to copper and zinc. These results suggest that PpMTs may play a role in protecting P. patens from cadmium and oxidative stress and may be involved in tissues senescence and reproductive development. The PpMTs, except PpMT1.2b, were also able to confer metal tolerance and accumulation when heterologously expressed in the ∆cup1 yeast. A P. patens mutant lacking PpMT1.2a through targeted gene disruption was generated. However, it did not show any alteration in growth phenotypes under senescence-induced conditions or hypersensitivity to cadmium, copper, zinc, H2O2, and NaCl stresses. Further characterization of additional P. patens mutants lacking single or multiple PpMTs may provide insight into the physiological roles of bryophytic MTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orathai Pakdee
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Wisuwat Songnuan
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Nathinee Panvisavas
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Prayad Pokethitiyook
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Metha Meetam
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Zhou W, Chen Q, Wang XB, Hughes TO, Liu JJ, Zhang X. De novo assembly of the Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco transcriptome provides insight into the development and pollination mechanism of female cone based on RNA-Seq data. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10191. [PMID: 31308452 PMCID: PMC6629706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46696-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
For seed-bearing plants, the basis of seed and fruit formation is pollination. The normal progression of pollination is through advances in continuous signal exchange and material transfer, which occur mainly in female reproductive organs; thus, the molecular mechanism of development in female reproductive organs is vital for understanding the principle of pollination. However, molecular biology studies on the development of female cones related to pollination are rare and unclear in gymnosperms, especially in Cupressaceae. In this study, Platycladus orientalis, a monotypic genus within Cupressaceae, was chosen to examine female cone transcriptomes at pre-pollination and pollination stages by Illumina paired-end sequencing technology to de novo sequence six libraries with 3 biological replicates. These libraries were used to construct a P. orientalis transcriptome database containing 71,669 unigenes (4,963 upregulated unigenes and 11,747 downregulated unigenes at the pollination stage) for subsequent analysis. Based on the annotations and expression levels, the functions of differentially expressed unigenes and enriched pathways between the developmental processes of female cones were analysed to detail the preliminary development and pollination mechanism of the female cone. Targeted investigations were specifically performed to determine the elementary mechanism of secretion and functioning of the pollination drop, a vital ovule secretion at the pollination stage. Ultimately, the expression of 15 unigenes selected between two stages were further assessed and confirmed using qRT-PCR, which demonstrated reliable data and significant differences in the expression profiles of key genes. As one of the largest available transcriptomic resources of this species, the database is constructed to prospectively adapt to the physiological and genomic data of woody plants. This work provided the first transcriptome profile of P. orientalis female cones at different developmental stages, and will promote the illumination of the pollination mechanism of P. orientalis, and will serve as the basis for in-depth genomic study in the Cupressaceae family. This initiative will arouse the interest and attention of scholars and pave the way for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Bing Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Tyler O Hughes
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Jian-Jun Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Silviculture on the Loess Plateau State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China.
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27
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Luo JS, Gu T, Yang Y, Zhang Z. A non-secreted plant defensin AtPDF2.6 conferred cadmium tolerance via its chelation in Arabidopsis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:561-569. [PMID: 31053987 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00878-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant defensin AtPDF2.6 is not secreted to the apoplast and localized in cytoplasm. AtPDF2.6 is mainly expressed in root vascular bundles of xylem parenchyma cell, and significantly induced by Cd stress. AtPDF2.6 detoxicate cytoplasmic Cd via chelation, thus enhanced Cd tolerance in Arabidopsis. In order to detoxify the heavy metal cadmium (Cd), plants have evolved several mechanisms, among which chelation represents the major Cd-detoxification mechanism. In this study, we aimed to identify a new defensin protein involved in cytoplasmic Cd detoxification by using plant molecular genetics and physiological methods. The results of bioinformatic analysis showed that the Arabidopsis thaliana defensin gene AtPDF2.6 has a signal peptide that may mediate its secretion to the cell wall. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that AtPDF2.6 is localized to the cytoplasm and is not secreted to the apoplast, whereas histochemical analysis indicated that AtPDF2.6 is mainly expressed in the root xylem parenchyma cells and that its expression is significantly induced by Cd. An in vitro Cd-binding assay revealed that AtPDF2.6 has Cd-chelating activity. Heterologous overexpression of AtPDF2.6 increased Cd tolerance in Escherichia coli and yeast, and AtPDF2.6 overexpression significantly enhanced Cd tolerance in Arabidopsis, whereas functional disruption of AtPDF2.6 decreased Cd tolerance. These data suggest that AtPDF2.6 detoxifies cytoplasmic Cd via chelation and thereby enhances Cd tolerance in Arabidopsis. Our findings accordingly challenge the commonly accepted view of defensins as secreted proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Song Luo
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition in Common University, National Engineering Laboratory on Soil and Fertilizer Resources Efficient Utilization, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Tianyu Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition in Common University, National Engineering Laboratory on Soil and Fertilizer Resources Efficient Utilization, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition in Common University, National Engineering Laboratory on Soil and Fertilizer Resources Efficient Utilization, Changsha, 410128, China.
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28
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Dubey AK, Kumar N, Kumar A, Ansari MA, Ranjan R, Gautam A, Sahu N, Pandey V, Behera SK, Mallick S, Pande V, Sanyal I. Over-expression of CarMT gene modulates the physiological performance and antioxidant defense system to provide tolerance against drought stress in Arabidopsis thaliana L. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:54-65. [PMID: 30597317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses which negatively affect plant growth and crop yield. Metallothionein (MTs) is a low molecular weight protein, mainly involved in metal homeostasis, while, its role in drought stress is still to be largely explored. The present study was aimed to investigate the role of MT gene against drought stress. The chickpea MT based on its up-regulation under drought stress was overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana to explore its role in mitigation of drought stress. The total transcript of MT gene was up to 30 fold higher in transgenic lines. Arabidopsis plants transformed with MT gene showed longer roots, better efficiency of survival and germination, larger siliques and higher biomass compared to WT. The physiological variables (A, WUE, G, E, qP and ETR) of WT plants were reduced during drought stress which recovered in transgenic Arabidopsis lines. The enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (APX, GPX, POD, GR, GRX, GST, CAT, MDHAR, ASc and GSH) levels were also enhanced in transgenic lines to provide tolerance. Simultaneously, drought responsive amino acids, i.e. proline and cysteine contents were higher in transgenic lines. Overall, the results suggest that MT gene is actively involved in the mitigation of drought stress and could be the choice for genetic engineering strategy to overcome drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Kumar Dubey
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India; Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital, India
| | - Navin Kumar
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India; Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital, India
| | - Mohd Akram Ansari
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India; Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital, India
| | - Ruma Ranjan
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Nayan Sahu
- Department of Botany, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Pandey
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | | | | | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital, India
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Yu XZ, Lin YJ, Zhang Q. Metallothioneins enhance chromium detoxification through scavenging ROS and stimulating metal chelation in Oryza sativa. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 220:300-313. [PMID: 30590296 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) is a metal ion binding protein to detoxify heavy metal stress in plant cells. This study examines involvement of MTs in metal chelation and ROS scavenging in rice seedling under Cr induction either Cr(VI) or Cr(III) at three different effective concentrations using Agilent 44K rice microarray and real-time PCR technology. Results showed that the concentration of Cr was higher in roots than in shoots in both Cr treatments. Accumulation of both H2O2 and O2- in rice tissues was evident, but the fluctuation of H2O2 was more remarkable than O2-. Both Cr exposures resulted in enhancement of MTs in plant tissues. Results from PCR analysis confirmed that ten specific OsMT genes responsible for regulating ROS removal were expressed differentially in plant tissues as well as in Cr variants, suggesting that their different regulation and responsiveness strategies. Expression patterns of metal chelation-related OsMT genes, after Cr exposure were also inconsistent in rice tissues. Longer exposure periods caused more transcriptional changes in both Cr treatments. We also noticed that OsMT1b might carry more weight during Cr chelation in roots rather than in shoots, while OsMT2c had more important role in eliminating H2O2 accumulation in shoots than roots. These results suggest that different speciation of Cr in rice tissues resulted in inconsistent transcriptional changes of OsMT genes, which functioned in different regulation and responsiveness pathways responsible for metal ions chelating and ROS scavenging during Cr detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Zhang Yu
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory & Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Juan Lin
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory & Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhang
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory & Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
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30
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Kurt-Gür G, Demirci H, Sunulu A, Ordu E. Stress response of NAD +-dependent formate dehydrogenase in Gossypium hirsutum L. grown under copper toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:31679-31690. [PMID: 30209765 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3145-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), which is not directly involved in the food chain, appears to be a suitable candidate to remove heavy metals from the food chain and to be a commercial plant which could be planted in contaminated soils. The key point of this approach is selection of the right genotype, which has heavy metal resistance or hyperaccumulation properties. Therefore, in the present study, two G. hirsutum genotypes, Erşan-92 and N-84S, were grown under copper stress and investigated to obtain further insights about the heavy metal tolerance mechanisms of plants by focusing on the expression of NAD+-dependent formate dehydrogenase (FDH). In accordance with the results, which were obtained from RT-PCR analysis and activity measurements, in the Erşan-92 root tissue, FDH activity increased significantly with increasing metal concentrations and a 6.35-fold higher FDH activity was observed in the presence of 100-μM Cu. As opposed to Erşan-92, the maximum FDH activity in the roots of N-84S, which were untreated with copper as the control plants, was measured as 0.0141-U mg-1 g-1 FW, and the activity decreased significantly with the increasing metal concentrations. The metallothionein (GhMT3a) transcript level of the plants grown in a medium containing different Cu concentrations showed nearly the same pattern as that of the FDH gene transcription. It was observed that while the tolerance of N-84S in the lower Cu concentration reduces remarkably, Erşan-92 continues to struggle up to 100-μM Cu. The results of the SOD analysis also confirm this activity of Erşan-92 against the Cu stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günseli Kurt-Gür
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan Demirci
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Akın Sunulu
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Ordu
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Chen J, Liu YQ, Yan XW, Wei GH, Zhang JH, Fang LC. Rhizobium inoculation enhances copper tolerance by affecting copper uptake and regulating the ascorbate-glutathione cycle and phytochelatin biosynthesis-related gene expression in Medicago sativa seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 162:312-323. [PMID: 30005404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous reports that legume-rhizobium symbiosis alleviates Cu stress in plants, the possible roles of legume-rhizobium symbiosis and the regulatory mechanisms in counteracting Cu toxicity remain unclear. Here, Sinorhizobium meliloti CCNWSX0020 was used for analyzing the effects of rhizobium inoculation on plant growth in Medicago sativa seedlings under Cu stress. Our results showed that rhizobium inoculation alleviated Cu-induced growth inhibition, and increased nitrogen concentration in M. sativa seedlings. Moreover, the total amount of Cu uptake in inoculated plants was significantly increased compared with non-inoculated plants, and the increase in the roots was much higher than that in the shoots, thus decreasing the transfer coefficient and promoting Cu phytostabilization. Cu stress induced lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species production, but rhizobium inoculation reduced these components' accumulation through altering antioxidant enzyme activities and regulating ascorbate-glutathione cycles. Furthermore, legume-rhizobium symbiosis regulated the gene expression involved in antioxidant responses, phytochelatin (PC) biosynthesis, and metallothionein biosynthesis in M. sativa seedlings under Cu stress. Our results demonstrate that rhizobium inoculation enhanced Cu tolerance by affecting Cu uptake, regulating antioxidant enzyme activities and the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, and influencing PC biosynthesis-related gene expression in M. sativa. The results provide an efficient strategy for phytoremediation of Cu-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yu-Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xiao-Wu Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Ge-Hong Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Jian-Hua Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Lin-Chuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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Jaiswal PS, Mittal N, Randhawa GS. Cyamopsis tetragonoloba type 1 metallothionein (CtMT1) gene is upregulated under drought stress and its protein product has an additional C-X-C motif and unique metal binding pattern. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:1324-1334. [PMID: 30098366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are involved in cellular homeostasis of essential metal ions and detoxification of nonessential metal ions. We report here the identification of four MT genes, CtMT1, CtMT2, CtMT3 and CtMT4, encoding CtMT1, CtMT2, CtMT3 and CtMT4 proteins, respectively, from the industrial guar crop. The primary structures of last three proteins were similar to those of respective MT proteins of other plants but the CtMT1 protein primary structure was different from the other plant MT1 proteins in having an additional C-X-C motif. The four MT genes showed tissue specific expression patterns suggesting their specific roles in different tissues. High expression of CtMT1 gene was observed in roots and nodules whereas CtMT2 and CtMT3 genes showed high expression in leaves. The expression of CtMT4 gene was high in seeds. The qRT-PCR studies revealed upregulation in expression of CtMT1 gene under drought stress. Recombinant CtMT1 protein was produced in E. coli Rosetta cells and purified by metal affinity chromatography. The purified protein showed antioxidant property and the order of its metal ion binding affinities was Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Fe2+ > Cd2+. This information about CtMT1 protein is expected to be useful in understanding its role in drought tolerance and other physiological processes of guar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Subhash Jaiswal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nishu Mittal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Gursharn Singh Randhawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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Pan Y, Zhu M, Wang S, Ma G, Huang X, Qiao C, Wang R, Xu X, Liang Y, Lu K, Li J, Qu C. Genome-Wide Characterization and Analysis of Metallothionein Family Genes That Function in Metal Stress Tolerance in Brassica napus L. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2181. [PMID: 30049941 PMCID: PMC6121329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassica plants exhibit both high biomass productivity and high rates of heavy metal absorption. Metallothionein (MT) proteins are low molecular weight, cysteine-rich, metal-binding proteins that play crucial roles in protecting plants from heavy metal toxicity. However, to date, MT proteins have not been systematically characterized in Brassica. In this study, we identified 60 MTs from Arabidopsis thaliana and five Brassica species. All the MT family genes from Brassica are closely related to Arabidopsis MTs, encoding putative proteins that share similar functions within the same clades. Genome mapping analysis revealed high levels of synteny throughout the genome due to whole genome duplication and segmental duplication events. We analyzed the expression levels of 16 Brassica napus MTs (BnaMTs) by RNA-sequencing and real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis in plants under As3+ stress. These genes exhibited different expression patterns in various tissues. Our results suggest that BnaMT3C plays a key role in the response to As3+ stress in B. napus. This study provides insight into the phylogeny, origin, and evolution of MT family members in Brassica, laying the foundation for further studies of the roles of MT proteins in these important crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Meichen Zhu
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Shuxian Wang
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Guoqiang Ma
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xiaohu Huang
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Cailin Qiao
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xinfu Xu
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Ying Liang
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Kun Lu
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Jiana Li
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Cunmin Qu
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Huang Y, Fang Y, Long X, Liu L, Wang J, Zhu J, Ma Y, Qin Y, Qi J, Hu X, Tang C. Characterization of the rubber tree metallothionein family reveals a role in mitigating the effects of reactive oxygen species associated with physiological stress. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 38:911-924. [PMID: 29425342 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpy003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers play important roles in stress response and heavy metal homeostasis. In Hevea brasiliensis (the para rubber tree that is the source of commercial natural rubber) and in other trees, the functions of MTs are not well understood. Latex exudes when the rubber tree is tapped. The flow of latex and its regeneration can be enhanced by tapping, wounding and ethylene treatment, all of which produce ROS as a by-product. Here, we show the presence of four MT genes in H. brasiliensis, comprising three Type 2 (HbMT2, -2a and -2b) and one Type 3 (HbMT3L) isoforms, representing one of the smallest MT gene families among angiosperms. The four HbMTs exhibited distinct tissue expression patterns: HbMT2 and HbMT3L mainly in leaves, HbMT2a specifically in flowers and HbMT2b in diverse tissues. The expression of HbMT2b, an isoform present in latex, decreased significantly in the latex following the stress-inducing treatments of tapping, wounding and ethephon (an ethylene generator). The expressions of the leaf-abundant isoforms, HbMT2 and -3L were up-regulated following pathogenic fungus infection and high-temperature stress, but down-regulated by low-temperature stress. These reactions were consistent with multiple defense- and hormone-responsive cis-acting elements in the HbMT promoters. Nine transcription factors were shown to implicate in the high-temperature responsiveness of HbMT2 and -3L in leaves. Overexpression of HbMT2 in Escherichia coli enhanced the bacterium's tolerance to heavy metals and ROS, consistent with its predicted role as an ROS scavenger. Taken together, our results, along with other relevant studies, suggest an important role of HbMTs in latex regeneration as well as species adaptation via the regulation of ROS homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacheng Huang
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Yongjun Fang
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Long
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Linya Liu
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Jia Wang
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Jinheng Zhu
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Yunxia Qin
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Jiyan Qi
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Xinwen Hu
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
| | - Chaorong Tang
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
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iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis reveals pathways associated with re-establishing desiccation tolerance in germinating seeds of Caragana korshinskii Kom. J Proteomics 2018; 179:1-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Wuyun TN, Wang L, Liu H, Wang X, Zhang L, Bennetzen JL, Li T, Yang L, Liu P, Du L, Wang L, Huang M, Qing J, Zhu L, Bao W, Li H, Du Q, Zhu J, Yang H, Yang S, Liu H, Yue H, Hu J, Yu G, Tian Y, Liang F, Hu J, Wang D, Gao R, Li D, Du H. The Hardy Rubber Tree Genome Provides Insights into the Evolution of Polyisoprene Biosynthesis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:429-442. [PMID: 29229569 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides, also called hardy rubber tree, is an economically important tree; however, the lack of its genome sequence restricts the fundamental biological research and applied studies of this plant species. Here, we present a high-quality assembly of its ∼1.2-Gb genome (scaffold N50 = 1.88 Mb) with at least 26 723 predicted genes for E. ulmoides, the first sequenced genome of the order Garryales, which was obtained using an integrated strategy combining Illumina sequencing, PacBio sequencing, and BioNano mapping. As a sister taxon to lamiids and campanulids, E. ulmoides underwent an ancient genome triplication shared by core eudicots but no further whole-genome duplication in the last ∼125 million years. E. ulmoides exhibits high expression levels and/or gene number expansion for multiple genes involved in stress responses and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, which may account for its considerable environmental adaptability. In contrast to the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis), which produces cis-polyisoprene, E. ulmoides has evolved to synthesize long-chain trans-polyisoprene via farnesyl diphosphate synthases (FPSs). Moreover, FPS and rubber elongation factor/small rubber particle protein gene families were expanded independently from the H. brasiliensis lineage. These results provide new insights into the biology of E. ulmoides and the origin of polyisoprene biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Na Wuyun
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Xuewen Wang
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Liangsheng Zhang
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology; State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | | | - Tiezhu Li
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Lirong Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Panfeng Liu
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Lanying Du
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Mengzhen Huang
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Jun Qing
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Wenquan Bao
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Hongguo Li
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Qingxin Du
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Jingle Zhu
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Shuguang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Hui Yue
- Shandong BELO EUCOMMIA Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingzhou 262500, China
| | - Jiang Hu
- Nextomics Biosciences Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Guoliang Yu
- Nextomics Biosciences Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Nextomics Biosciences Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Fan Liang
- Nextomics Biosciences Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Jingjing Hu
- Wuhan Unique Gene Bioinformatics Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Depeng Wang
- Nextomics Biosciences Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Ruiwen Gao
- Shandong BELO EUCOMMIA Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingzhou 262500, China.
| | - Dejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China.
| | - Hongyan Du
- Non-timber Forest Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450003, China; The Eucommia Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
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Hasan MK, Cheng Y, Kanwar MK, Chu XY, Ahammed GJ, Qi ZY. Responses of Plant Proteins to Heavy Metal Stress-A Review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1492. [PMID: 28928754 PMCID: PMC5591867 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants respond to environmental pollutants such as heavy metal(s) by triggering the expression of genes that encode proteins involved in stress response. Toxic metal ions profoundly affect the cellular protein homeostasis by interfering with the folding process and aggregation of nascent or non-native proteins leading to decreased cell viability. However, plants possess a range of ubiquitous cellular surveillance systems that enable them to efficiently detoxify heavy metals toward enhanced tolerance to metal stress. As proteins constitute the major workhorses of living cells, the chelation of metal ions in cytosol with phytochelatins and metallothioneins followed by compartmentalization of metals in the vacuoles as well as the repair of stress-damaged proteins or removal and degradation of proteins that fail to achieve their native conformations are critical for plant tolerance to heavy metal stress. In this review, we provide a broad overview of recent advances in cellular protein research with regards to heavy metal tolerance in plants. We also discuss how plants maintain functional and healthy proteomes for survival under such capricious surroundings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Kamrul Hasan
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sylhet Agricultural UniversitySylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Yuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou, China
| | | | - Xian-Yao Chu
- Zhejiang Institute of Geological Survey, Geological Research Center for Agricultural Applications, China Geological SurveyBeijing, China
| | | | - Zhen-Yu Qi
- Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
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Peng JS, Ding G, Meng S, Yi HY, Gong JM. Enhanced metal tolerance correlates with heterotypic variation in SpMTL, a metallothionein-like protein from the hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:1368-1378. [PMID: 28152585 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Mechanistic insight into metal hyperaccumulation is largely restricted to Brassicaceae plants; therefore, it is of great importance to obtain corresponding knowledge from system outside the Brassicaceae. Here, we constructed and screened a cDNA library of the Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola and identified a novel metallothionein-like protein encoding gene SpMTL. SpMTL showed functional similarity to other known MT proteins and also to its orthologues from non-hyperaccumulators. However, three additional cysteine residues were observed in SpMTL and appeared to be hyperaccumulator specific. Removal of these three residues significantly decreased its ability to tolerate Cd and the stoichiometry of Cd against SpMTL (molar ratio of Cd/SpMTL) to a level comparable to those of Cd/SaMTL and Cd/SeMTL in the corresponding non-hyperaccumulating relatives. SpMTL expressed in S. plumbizincicola roots at a much higher level than those of its orthologues in the non-hyperaccumulator roots. Interestingly, a positive correlation was observed between transcript levels of SpMTL in roots and Cd accumulation in leaves. Taking these results together, we propose that elevated transcript levels and heterotypic variation in protein sequences of SpMTL might contribute to the trait of Cd hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance in S. plumbizincicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Shi Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ge Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Crops Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330200, China
| | - Shuan Meng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong-Ying Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ji-Ming Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Sun L, Yang J, Fang H, Xu C, Peng C, Huang H, Lu L, Duan D, Zhang X, Shi J. Mechanism study of sulfur fertilization mediating copper translocation and biotransformation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 226:426-434. [PMID: 28461082 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolism of sulfur (S) is suggested to be an important factor for the homeostasis and detoxification of Cu in plants. We investigated the effects of S fertilizers (S0, Na2SO4) on Cu translocation and biotransformation in rice plants by using multiple synchrotron-based techniques. Fertilization of S increased the biomass and yield of rice plants, as well as the translocation factor of Cu from root to shoot and shoot to grain, resulting in enhanced Cu in grain. Sulfur K-edge X-ray near edge structure (XANES) analysis showed that fertilization of S increased the concentration of glutathione in different rice tissues, especially in rice stem and leaf. Copper K-edge XANES results indicated that a much higher proportion of Cu (I) species existed in rice grain than husk and leaf, which was further confirmed by soft X-ray scanning transmission microscopy results. Sulfur increased the proportion of Cu (I) species in rice grain, husk and leaf, suggesting the inducing of Cu (II) reduction in rice tissues by S fertilization. These results suggested that fertilization of S in paddy soils increased the accumulation of Cu in rice grain, possibly due to the reduction of Cu (II) to Cu (I) by enhancing glutathione synthesis and increasing the translocation of Cu from shoot to grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Sun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Institute of Environmental and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huaxiang Fang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Bestwa Environmental Protection Sci-Tech Co. Ltd, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haomin Huang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, China
| | - Lingli Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Dechao Duan
- Bestwa Environmental Protection Sci-Tech Co. Ltd, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Xiangzhi Zhang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Jiyan Shi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Wang Y, Mei S, Wang Z, Jiang Z, Zhu Z, Ding J, Wu D, Shu X. Metabolite Profiling of a Zinc-Accumulating Rice Mutant. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:3775-3782. [PMID: 28441480 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Breeding crops with high zinc (Zn) density is an effective way to alleviate human dietary Zn deficiencies. We characterized a mutant Lilizhi (LLZ) accumulating at least 35% higher Zn concentration in grain than the wild type (WT) in hydroponic experiments. The mutant stored less Zn content in the root and transported more Zn to the grain. Metabolite profiling demonstrated that, with high Zn treatment, the contents of proline, asparagine, citric acid, and malic acid were enhanced in both LLZ and the WT, which were thought to be involved in Zn transport in rice. Furthermore, the contents of cysteine, allothreonine, alanine, tyrosine, homoserine, β-alanine, and nicotianamine required for the production of many metal-binding proteins were specifically increased in LLZ. LLZ had higher capability of amino acid biosynthesis and metal cation transportation. The current research extends our understanding on the physiological mechanisms of Zn uploading into grain and provides references for further Zn biofortification breeding in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhoulei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangshicang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for the Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, People's Republic of China
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Macovei A, Pagano A, Leonetti P, Carbonera D, Balestrazzi A, Araújo SS. Systems biology and genome-wide approaches to unveil the molecular players involved in the pre-germinative metabolism: implications on seed technology traits. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2017; 36:669-688. [PMID: 27730302 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-2060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The pre-germinative metabolism is among the most fascinating aspects of seed biology. The early seed germination phase, or pre-germination, is characterized by rapid water uptake (imbibition), which directs a series of dynamic biochemical events. Among those are enzyme activation, DNA damage and repair, and use of reserve storage compounds, such as lipids, carbohydrates and proteins. Industrial seedling production and intensive agricultural production systems require seed stocks with high rate of synchronized germination and low dormancy. Consequently, seed dormancy, a quantitative trait related to the activation of the pre-germinative metabolism, is probably the most studied seed trait in model species and crops. Single omics, systems biology, QTLs and GWAS mapping approaches have unveiled a list of molecules and regulatory mechanisms acting at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational levels. Most of the identified candidate genes encode for regulatory proteins targeting ROS, phytohormone and primary metabolisms, corroborating the data obtained from simple molecular biology approaches. Emerging evidences show that epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role in the regulation of these mentioned processes, constituting a still unexploited strategy to modulate seed traits. The present review will provide an up-date of the current knowledge on seed pre-germinative metabolism, gathering the most relevant results from physiological, genetics, and omics studies conducted in model and crop plants. The effects exerted by the biotic and abiotic stresses and priming are also addressed. The possible implications derived from the modulation of pre-germinative metabolism will be discussed from the point of view of seed quality and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Macovei
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'L. Spallanzani', University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Pagano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'L. Spallanzani', University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Leonetti
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Council of Research, via Amendola 122/D, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Carbonera
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'L. Spallanzani', University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alma Balestrazzi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'L. Spallanzani', University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Susana S Araújo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'L. Spallanzani', University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB-NOVA), Av. da República, Estação Agronómica Nacional, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.
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Havé M, Marmagne A, Chardon F, Masclaux-Daubresse C. Nitrogen remobilization during leaf senescence: lessons from Arabidopsis to crops. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:2513-2529. [PMID: 27707774 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
As a result of climate changes, land use and agriculture have to adapt to new demands. Agriculture is responsible for a large part of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that have to be urgently reduced in order to protect the environment. At the same time, agriculture has to cope with the challenges of sustainably feeding a growing world population. Reducing the use of the ammonia-nitrate fertilizers that are responsible for a large part of the GHGs released and that have a negative impact on carbon balance is one of the objectives of precision agriculture. One way to reduce N fertilizers without dramatically affecting grain yields is to improve the nitrogen recycling and remobilization performances of plants. Mechanisms involved in nitrogen recycling, such as autophagy, are essential for nutrient remobilization at the whole-plant level and for seed quality. Studies on leaf senescence and nutrient recycling provide new perspectives for improvement. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the mechanisms involved in nitrogen recycling and remobilization during leaf senescence and to present the different approaches undertaken to improve nitrogen remobilization efficiency using both model plants and crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marien Havé
- INRA-AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Anne Marmagne
- INRA-AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Fabien Chardon
- INRA-AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Céline Masclaux-Daubresse
- INRA-AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
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Cheng H, Gao J, Cai H, Zhu J, Huang H. Gain-of-function in Arabidopsis (GAINA) for identifying functional genes in Hevea brasiliensis. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1853. [PMID: 27818891 PMCID: PMC5075328 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3523-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forward genetics approaches are not popularly applied in non-model plants due to their complex genomes, long life cycles, backward genetic studies etc. Researchers have to adopt reverse genetic methods to characterize gene functions in non-model plants individually, the efficiency of which is usually low. RESULTS In this study, we report a gain-of-function in Arabidopsis (GAINA) strategy which can be used for batch identification of functional genes in a plant species. This strategy aims to obtain the gain-of-function of rubber tree genes through overexpressing transformation ready full-length cDNA libraries in Arabidopsis. An initial transformation test produced about two thousand independent transgenic Arabidopsis lines, in which multiple obvious aberrant phenotypes were observed, suggesting the gain-of-function of rubber tree genes. The transferred genes were further isolated and identified. One gene identified to be metallothionein-like protein type 3 gene was further transferred into Arabidopsis and reproduced a similar aberrant phenotype. CONCLUSION The GAINA system proves to be an efficient tool for batch identification of functional genes in Hevea brasiliensis, and also applicable in other non-model plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Tropical Crops Physiology, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Danzhou City, Hainan People’s Republic of China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Danzhou, 571737 Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Tropical Crops Physiology, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Danzhou City, Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Tropical Crops Physiology, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Danzhou City, Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianshun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Tropical Crops Physiology, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Danzhou City, Hainan People’s Republic of China
| | - Huasun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Tropical Crops Physiology, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Danzhou City, Hainan People’s Republic of China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Danzhou, 571737 Hainan People’s Republic of China
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Hu Y. Early generation of nitric oxide contributes to copper tolerance through reducing oxidative stress and cell death in hulless barley roots. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2016; 129:963-978. [PMID: 27294966 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-016-0841-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the specific role of nitric oxide (NO) in the early response of hulless barley roots to copper (Cu) stress. We used the fluorescent probe diaminofluorescein-FM diacetate to establish NO localization, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-special labeling and histochemical procedures for the detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the root apex. An early production of NO was observed in Cu-treated root tips of hulless barley, but the detection of NO levels was decreased by supplementation with a NO scavenger, 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (c-PTIO). Application of sodium nitroprusside (a NO donor) relieved Cu-induced root inhibition, ROS accumulation and oxidative damage, while c-PTIO treatment had a synergistic effect with Cu and further enhanced ROS levels and oxidative stress. In addition, the Cu-dependent increase in activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase were further enhanced by exogenous NO, but application of c-PTIO decreased the activities of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase in Cu-treated roots. Subsequently, cell death was observed in root tips and was identified as a type of programed cell death (PCD) by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. The addition of NO prevented the increase of cell death in root tips, whereas inhibiting NO accumulation further increased the number of cells undergoing PCD. These results revealed that NO production is an early response of hulless barley roots to Cu stress and that NO contributes to Cu tolerance in hulless barley possibly by modulating antioxidant defense, subsequently reducing oxidative stress and PCD in root tips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150000, China.
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Printz B, Lutts S, Hausman JF, Sergeant K. Copper Trafficking in Plants and Its Implication on Cell Wall Dynamics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:601. [PMID: 27200069 PMCID: PMC4859090 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In plants, copper (Cu) acts as essential cofactor of numerous proteins. While the definitive number of these so-called cuproproteins is unknown, they perform central functions in plant cells. As micronutrient, a minimal amount of Cu is needed to ensure cellular functions. However, Cu excess may exert in contrast detrimental effects on plant primary production and even survival. Therefore it is essential for a plant to have a strictly controlled Cu homeostasis, an equilibrium that is both tissue and developmentally influenced. In the current review an overview is presented on the different stages of Cu transport from the soil into the plant and throughout the different plant tissues. Special emphasis is on the Cu-dependent responses mediated by the SPL7 transcription factor, and the crosstalk between this transcriptional regulation and microRNA-mediated suppression of translation of seemingly non-essential cuproproteins. Since Cu is an essential player in electron transport, we also review the recent insights into the molecular mechanisms controlling chloroplastic and mitochondrial Cu transport and homeostasis. We finally highlight the involvement of numerous Cu-proteins and Cu-dependent activities in the properties of one of the major Cu-accumulation sites in plants: the cell wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Printz
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and TechnologyEsch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie Végétale, Earth and Life Institute Agronomy, Université catholique de LouvainLouvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stanley Lutts
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie Végétale, Earth and Life Institute Agronomy, Université catholique de LouvainLouvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-Francois Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and TechnologyEsch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Kjell Sergeant
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and TechnologyEsch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Tarasava K, Loebus J, Freisinger E. Localization and Spectroscopic Analysis of the Cu(I) Binding Site in Wheat Metallothionein Ec-1. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:371. [PMID: 26978358 PMCID: PMC4813231 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17030371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The early cysteine-labeled metallothionein (MT) from Triticum aestivum (common wheat), denoted Ec-1, features two structurally well-defined domains, γ and βE, coordinating two and four Zn(II) ions, respectively. While the protein is currently assumed to function mainly in zinc homeostasis, a low amount of copper ions was also recently detected in a native Ec-1 sample. To evaluate the observed copper binding in more detail, the recombinant Zn₆Ec-1 form was exposed to different amounts of Cu(I) ions and the resulting species characterized with spectroscopic methods. Data reveal that the first Cu(I) equivalent coordinates exclusively to the N-terminal γ-domain of the protein and replaces one Zn(II) ion. To analyze the ability of the γ-domain for coordination of monovalent metal ions in more detail, the γ-Ec-1 peptide fragment was incubated with increasing amounts of Cu(I) and the process monitored with UV-VIS, circular dichroism, and luminescence spectroscopy. Closely similar spectra are observed regardless if the apo- or the metal ion-loaded and, hence, pre-folded forms, were used for the titration experiments with Cu(I). The results indicate that low amounts of Cu(I) ions displace the two metal ions subsequently and stoichiometrically, despite the different coordination geometry requirements of Cu(I) and Zn(II).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jens Loebus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Eva Freisinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Auguy F, Fahr M, Moulin P, El Mzibri M, Smouni A, Filali-Maltouf A, Béna G, Doumas P. Transcriptome Changes in Hirschfeldia incana in Response to Lead Exposure. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 6:1231. [PMID: 26793211 PMCID: PMC4710698 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Hirschfeldia incana, a pseudometallophyte belonging to the Brassicaceae family and widespread in the Mediterranean region, was selected for its ability to grow on soils contaminated by lead (Pb). The global comparison of gene expression using microarrays between a plant susceptible to Pb (Arabidopsis thaliana) and a Pb tolerant plant (H. incana) enabled the identification of a set of specific genes expressed in response to lead exposure. Three groups of genes were particularly over-represented by the Pb exposure in the biological processes categorized as photosynthesis, cell wall, and metal handling. Each of these gene groups was shown to be directly involved in tolerance or in protection mechanisms to the phytotoxicity associated with Pb. Among these genes, we demonstrated that MT2b, a metallothionein gene, was involved in lead accumulation, confirming the important role of metallothioneins in the accumulation and the distribution of Pb in leaves. On the other hand, several genes involved in biosynthesis of ABA were shown to be up-regulated in the roots and shoots of H. incana treated with Pb, suggesting that ABA-mediated signaling is a possible mechanism in response to Pb treatment in H. incana. This latest finding is an important research direction for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Auguy
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR DIADE, Equipe RhizogenèseMontpellier, France
| | - Mouna Fahr
- Centre National de l’Energie, des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Plantes, UBRM-DSVRabat, Morocco
| | - Patricia Moulin
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V-RabatRabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El Mzibri
- Centre National de l’Energie, des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Plantes, UBRM-DSVRabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Smouni
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Biotechnologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V-RabatRabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V-RabatRabat, Morocco
| | - Gilles Béna
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR IPME, Equipe ABIPMontpellier, France
| | - Patrick Doumas
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des PlantesMontpellier, France
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Adediran GA, Ngwenya BT, Mosselmans JFW, Heal KV, Harvie BA. Mixed planting with a leguminous plant outperforms bacteria in promoting growth of a metal remediating plant through histidine synthesis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:720-729. [PMID: 26682469 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1131235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) in improving metal phytoremediation is still limited by stunted plant growth under high soil metal concentrations. Meanwhile, mixed planting with leguminous plants is known to improve yield in nutrient deficient soils but the use of a metal tolerant legume to enhance metal tolerance of a phytoremediator has not been explored. We compared the use of Pseudomonas brassicacearum, Rhizobium leguminosarum, and the metal tolerant leguminous plant Vicia sativa to promote the growth of Brassica juncea in soil contaminated with 400 mg Zn kg(-1), and used synchrotron based microfocus X-ray absorption spectroscopy to probe Zn speciation in plant roots. B. juncea grew better when planted with V. sativa than when inoculated with PGPB. By combining PGPB with mixed planting, B. juncea recovered full growth while also achieving soil remediation efficiency of >75%, the maximum ever demonstrated for B. juncea. μXANES analysis of V. sativa suggested possible root exudation of the Zn chelates histidine and cysteine were responsible for reducing Zn toxicity. We propose the exploration of a legume-assisted-phytoremediation system as a more effective alternative to PGPB for Zn bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryne T Ngwenya
- a School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | | | - Kate V Heal
- a School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Barbra A Harvie
- a School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
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Liu J, Shi X, Qian M, Zheng L, Lian C, Xia Y, Shen Z. Copper-induced hydrogen peroxide upregulation of a metallothionein gene, OsMT2c, from Oryza sativa L. confers copper tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 294:99-108. [PMID: 25867584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are low-molecular-weight, cysteine-rich metal-binding proteins found in numerous genera and species, but their functions in abiotic stress tolerance remain unclear. Here, a MT gene from Oryza sativa, OsMT2c, was isolated and characterized, encoding a type 2 MT, and observed expression in the roots, leaf sheathes, and leaves, but only weak expression in seeds. OsMT2c was upregulated by copper (Cu) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatments. Excessive Cu elicited a rapid and sustained production and release of H2O2 in rice, and exogenous H2O2 scavengers N,N'-dimethylthiourea (DMTU) and ascorbic acid (Asc) decreased H2O2 production and OsMT2c expression. Furthermore, the expression of OsMT2c increased in the osapx2 mutant in which the H2O2 levels were higher than in wild-type (WT) plants. These results showed that Cu increased MT2c expression through the production and accumulation of Cu-induced H2O2 in O. sativa. In addition, the transgenic OsMT2c-overexpressing Arabidopsis displayed improved tolerance to Cu stress and exhibited increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging ability compared to WT and empty-vector (Ev) seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Qian
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Luqing Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlan Lian
- Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 188-0002, Japan
| | - Yan Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Garcia CB, Grusak MA. Mineral accumulation in vegetative and reproductive tissues during seed development in Medicago truncatula. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:622. [PMID: 26322063 PMCID: PMC4536387 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing nutrient density in legume seeds is one of several strategies being explored to improve the nutritional quality of the food supply. In order to develop crop varieties with increased seed mineral concentration, a more detailed understanding of mineral translocation within the plant is required. By studying mineral accumulation in different organs within genetically diverse members of the same species, it may be possible to identify variable traits that modulate seed mineral concentration. We utilized two ecotypes (A17 and DZA315.16) of the model legume, Medicago truncatula, to study dry mass and mineral accumulation in the leaves, pod walls, and seeds during reproductive development. The pod wall dry mass was significantly different between the two ecotypes beginning at 12 days after pollination, whereas there was no significant difference in the average dry mass of individual seeds between the two ecotypes at any time point. There were also no significant differences in leaf dry mass between ecotypes; however, we observed expansion of A17 leaves during the first 21 days of pod development, while DZA315.16 leaves did not display a significant increase in leaf area. Mineral profiling of the leaves, pod walls, and seeds highlighted differences in accumulation patterns among minerals within each tissue as well as genotypic differences with respect to individual minerals. Because there were differences in the average seed number per pod, the total seed mineral content per pod was generally higher in A17 than DZA315.16. In addition, mineral partitioning to the seeds tended to be higher in A17 pods. These data revealed that mineral retention within leaves and/or pod walls might attenuate mineral accumulation within the seeds. As a result, strategies to increase seed mineral content should include approaches that will enhance export from these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael A. Grusak
- *Correspondence: Michael A. Grusak, Department of Pediatrics, United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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