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Pawłowski TA, Suszka J, Mucha J, Zadworny M, Alipour S, Kurpisz B, Chmielarz P, Jagodziński AM, Chmura DJ. Climate legacy in seed and seedling traits of European beech populations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1355328. [PMID: 38911972 PMCID: PMC11190307 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1355328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Tree species' ability to persist within their current distribution ranges is determined by seed germination and seedling growth. Exploring variation in these traits in relation to climatic conditions helps to understand and predict tree population dynamics, and to support species management and conservation under future climate. We analyzed seeds and seedlings of 26 European beech populations from the northeastern boundary of the species range to test whether: 1) adaptation to climatic conditions is reflected in depth of dormancy and germination of seeds; 2) climatic characteristics of origin predictably affect seedling traits. The variation in seed dormancy and germination in a laboratory test, and seedling growth and morphology traits in a nursery common-garden test was examined. Populations originating from warmer and drier sites (mostly from the northern region), compared to those from the opposite end of climatic gradient, germinated later, with a lower success, and produced seedlings with shorter and tougher roots. They had deeper dormancy and poorer seed germination capacity, and are likely more vulnerable to environmental changes. The climatic conditions at the origin shape the intraspecific variation of seed germination and seedling traits, and may limit regeneration from seed and affect adaptation potential of beech to increasing temperatures and decreasing precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Suszka
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Joanna Mucha
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin Zadworny
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Shirin Alipour
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Barbara Kurpisz
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Paweł Chmielarz
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | | | - Daniel J. Chmura
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
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Wang X, Ge W, Zhang M, Fernández-Pascual E, Moles A, Saatkamp A, Rosbakh S, Bu H, Panahi P, Ma M. Large and non-spherical seeds are less likely to form a persistent soil seed bank. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20232764. [PMID: 38864324 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.2764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
There is some evidence that seed traits can affect the long-term persistence of seeds in the soil. However, findings on this topic have differed between systems. Here, we brought together a worldwide database of seed persistence data for 1474 species to test the generality of seed mass-shape-persistence relationships. We found a significant trend for low seed persistence to be associated with larger and less spherical seeds. However, the relationship varied across different clades, growth forms and species ecological preferences. Specifically, relationships of seed mass-shape-persistence were more pronounced in Poales than in other order clades. Herbaceous species that tend to be found in sites with low soil sand content and precipitation have stronger relationships between seed shape and persistence than in sites with higher soil sand content and precipitation. For the woody plants, the relationship between persistence and seed morphology was stronger in sites with high soil sand content and low precipitation than in sites with low soil sand content and higher precipitation. Improving the ability to predict the soil seed bank formation process, including burial and persistence, could benefit the utilization of seed morphology-persistence relationships in management strategies for vegetation restoration and controlling species invasion across diverse vegetation types and environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Ge
- Institute of Soil Eco-environment, School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingting Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Eduardo Fernández-Pascual
- IMIB Biodiversity Research Institute (University of Oviedo - CSIC - Principality of Asturias), University of Oviedo , Oviedo, E-33600 Mieres, Spain
| | - Angela Moles
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Arne Saatkamp
- Aix Marseille Université, Université d'Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Facultés St Jérôme, case 421 , 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Sergey Rosbakh
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Haiyan Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Parisa Panahi
- National Botanical Garden of Iran, Botany Research Division, Research Institute of Forests & Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) , Tehran, Iran
| | - Miaojun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, People's Republic of China
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Rosbakh S, Carta A, Fernández-Pascual E, Phartyal SS, Dayrell RLC, Mattana E, Saatkamp A, Vandelook F, Baskin JM, Baskin CC. Large dataset analyses advance knowledge of seed ecology and evolutionary biology. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:2399-2400. [PMID: 38643978 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Rosbakh
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Angelino Carta
- Department of Biology, Botany Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Eduardo Fernández-Pascual
- IMIB Biodiversity Research Institute (University of Oviedo - CSIC - Principality of Asturias), University of Oviedo, 33600, Mieres, Spain
| | - Shyam S Phartyal
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, 803116, Rajgir, India
| | | | - Efisio Mattana
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst, RH17 6TN, Ardingly, UK
| | - Arne Saatkamp
- Aix Marseille Université, IMBE, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, 13397, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jerry M Baskin
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-022, USA
| | - Carol C Baskin
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-022, USA
- Department of Plants and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-022, USA
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Wenk EH, Sauquet H, Gallagher RV, Brownlee R, Boettiger C, Coleman D, Yang S, Auld T, Barrett R, Brodribb T, Choat B, Dun L, Ellsworth D, Gosper C, Guja L, Jordan GJ, Le Breton T, Leigh A, Lu-Irving P, Medlyn B, Nolan R, Ooi M, Sommerville KD, Vesk P, White M, Wright IJ, Falster DS. The AusTraits plant dictionary. Sci Data 2024; 11:537. [PMID: 38796535 PMCID: PMC11127939 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03368-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Traits with intuitive names, a clear scope and explicit description are essential for all trait databases. The lack of unified, comprehensive, and machine-readable plant trait definitions limits the utility of trait databases, including reanalysis of data from a single database, or analyses that integrate data across multiple databases. Both can only occur if researchers are confident the trait concepts are consistent within and across sources. Here we describe the AusTraits Plant Dictionary (APD), a new data source of terms that extends the trait definitions included in a recent trait database, AusTraits. The development process of the APD included three steps: review and formalisation of the scope of each trait and the accompanying trait description; addition of trait metadata; and publication in both human and machine-readable forms. Trait definitions include keywords, references, and links to related trait concepts in other databases, enabling integration of AusTraits with other sources. The APD will both improve the usability of AusTraits and foster the integration of trait data across global and regional plant trait databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth H Wenk
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Hervé Sauquet
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachael V Gallagher
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rowan Brownlee
- Australian Research Data Commons, Caulfield East, Australia
| | - Carl Boettiger
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - David Coleman
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, Australia
| | - Sophie Yang
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tony Auld
- NSW Department of Planning and Environment, Parramatta, Australia
- University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, University of New South Wales, Syndey, Australia
| | - Russell Barrett
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, NSW, Australia
| | - Timothy Brodribb
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Brendan Choat
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lily Dun
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, NSW, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - David Ellsworth
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Carl Gosper
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Kensington, WA, Australia
| | - Lydia Guja
- Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Canberra, Australia
- National Seed Bank, Australian National Botanic Gardens, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, Canberra, Australia
| | - Gregory J Jordan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Tom Le Breton
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, University of New South Wales, Syndey, Australia
| | - Andrea Leigh
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Australia
| | - Patricia Lu-Irving
- National Herbarium of NSW, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mount Annan, NSW, Australia
| | - Belinda Medlyn
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rachael Nolan
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark Ooi
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, University of New South Wales, Syndey, Australia
| | | | - Peter Vesk
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Matthew White
- Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Victorian Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ian J Wright
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, Australia
| | - Daniel S Falster
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Razzaque S, Juenger TE. Seed traits and recruitment interact with habitats to generate patterns of local adaptation in a perennial grass. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:3111-3124. [PMID: 38381563 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
A fundamental challenge in the field of ecology involves understanding the adaptive traits and life history stages regulating the population dynamics of species across diverse habitats. Seed traits and early seedling vigor are thought to be key functional traits in plants, with important consequences for recruitment, establishment, and population persistence. However, little is known about how diverse seed traits interact with seed and microsite availability to impact plant populations. Here, we performed a factorial experiment involving seed addition and surface soil disturbance to explore the combined effects of seed and site availability using genotypes characterized by varying seed mass and dormancy traits. Additionally, we included hybrids that exhibited recombined seed trait relationships compared with natural genotypes, allowing us to assess the impact of specific seed traits on establishment across different sites. We detected a significant three-way interaction between seed addition, site conditions, and soil surface disturbance, influencing both seedling establishment and adult recruitment in Panicum hallii, a perennial grass found in coastal mesic (lowland) and inland xeric (upland) habitats. This establishment/recruitment pattern suggests that mesic and xeric establishment at foreign sites is constrained by the interplay of seed and site limitations. Notably, soil surface disturbance facilitated establishment and recruitment of the xeric genotype while limiting the mesic genotype across all sites. Our results highlight the importance of seed size and dormancy as key factors impacting seedling establishment and adult recruitment, suggesting a potential interactive relationship between these traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas E Juenger
- Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Guo S, Ai J, Zheng N, Hu H, Xu Z, Chen Q, Li L, Liu Y, Zhang H, Li J, Pan Q, Chen F, Yuan L, Fu J, Gu R, Wang J, Du X. A genome-wide association study uncovers a ZmRap2.7-ZCN9/ZCN10 module to regulate ABA signalling and seed vigour in maize. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024. [PMID: 38761386 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Seed vigour, including rapid, uniform germination and robust seedling establishment under various field conditions, is becoming an increasingly essential agronomic trait for achieving high yield in crops. However, little is known about this important seed quality trait. In this study, we performed a genome-wide association study to identify a key transcription factor ZmRap2.7, which regulates seed vigour through transcriptionally repressing expressions of three ABA signalling genes ZmPYL3, ZmPP2C and ZmABI5 and two phosphatidylethanolamine-binding genes ZCN9 and ZCN10. In addition, ZCN9 and ZCN10 proteins could interact with ZmPYL3, ZmPP2C and ZmABI5 proteins, and loss-of-function of ZmRap2.7 and overexpression of ZCN9 and ZCN10 reduced ABA sensitivity and seed vigour, suggesting a complex regulatory network for regulation of ABA signalling mediated seed vigour. Finally, we showed that four SNPs in ZmRap2.7 coding region influenced its transcriptionally binding activity to the downstream gene promoters. Together with previously identified functional variants within and surrounding ZmRap2.7, we concluded that the distinct allelic variations of ZmRap2.7 were obtained independently during maize domestication and improvement, and responded separately for the diversities of seed vigour, flowering time and brace root development. These results provide novel genes, a new regulatory network and an evolutional mechanism for understanding the molecular mechanism of seed vigour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology (MOA), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junmin Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology (MOA), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Nannan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology (MOA), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hairui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology (MOA), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuoyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology (MOA), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Quanquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology (MOA), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology (MOA), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunjun Liu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jieping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingchun Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Fu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Riliang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology (MOA), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Joint Research Institute of China Agricultural University in Aksu, Aksu, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology (MOA), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology (MOA), College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Londoño-Lemos V, Torres-Gonzáles AM, Madriñán S. Linking Seed Traits and Germination Responses in Caribbean Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest Species. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1318. [PMID: 38794387 PMCID: PMC11124875 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the relationships between seed traits and germination responses is crucial for assessing natural regeneration, particularly in threatened ecosystems like the seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF). This study explored links between seed traits (mass, volume, moisture content, and dispersal type), germination responses (germinability, germination speed (v¯), time to 50% of germination (T50), synchrony, and photoblastism), and physical dormancy (PY) in 65 SDTF species under experimental laboratory conditions. We found that species with smaller seeds (low mass and volume) had higher v¯ and reached T50 faster than species with larger seeds. For moisture content, species with lower moisture content had higher germinability and reached the T50 faster than seeds with high moisture content. Abiotic dispersed species germinated faster and reached the T50 in fewer days. Most of the SDTF species (60%) did not present PY, and the presence of PY was associated with seeds with lower moisture content. As for photoblastism (germination sensitivity to light), we classified the species into three ecological categories: generalists (42 species, non-photoblastic), heliophytes (18 species, positive photoblastic, germination inhibited by darkness), and sciadophytes (5 species, negative photoblastic, light inhibited germination). This study intends to be a baseline for the study of seed ecophysiology in the SDTF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Londoño-Lemos
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA;
- Jardín Botánico de Cartagena “Guillermo Piñeres”, Bolívar 131007, Colombia
| | | | - Santiago Madriñán
- Jardín Botánico de Cartagena “Guillermo Piñeres”, Bolívar 131007, Colombia
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
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You Y, Jiang W, Yi L, Zhang G, Peng Z, Chang S, Hou F. Seeding alpine grasses in low altitude region increases global warming potential during early seedling growth. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120679. [PMID: 38531141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Introduction of alpine grasses to low altitude regions has long been a crucial strategy for enriching germplasm diversity, cultivating and acclimating high-quality species, enhancing ecosystem resilience and adaptability, as well as facilitating ecosystem restoration. However, there is an urgent need to investigate the impacts of planting Gramineae seeds on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly during the critical stage of early plant growth. In this study, four species of grass seeds (Stipa breviflora, Poa pratensis, Achnatherum splendens, Elymus nutans) were collected from 19 high-altitude regions surrounding the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and sown at low-altitude. Measurements of GHG emissions at early seedling growth in the mesocosm experiment using static chamber method showed a strong increase in the cumulative emissions of CO2 (5.71%-9.19%) and N2O (11.36%-13.64%) (p < 0.05), as well as an elevated CH4 uptake (2.75%-5.50%) in sites where the four grass species were introduced, compared to bare soil. Consequently, there was a substantial rise in global warming potential (13.87%-16.33%) (p < 0.05) at grass-introduced sites. Redundancy analysis showed that seed traits, plant biomass, and seedling emergence percentage were the main driving biotic factors of three GHGs fluxes. Our study unveils the potential risk of escalating GHG emissions induced by introducing high altitude grasses to low altitude bare soil, elucidating the mechanism through linking seed traits with seedling establishment and environmental feedback. Furthermore, this offers a new perspective for assessing the impact of grass introduction on ecological environment of introduced site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang You
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Utilization of Degraded Grassland in Northwest China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Weiqi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Utilization of Degraded Grassland in Northwest China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Lingxin Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Utilization of Degraded Grassland in Northwest China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Guangyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Utilization of Degraded Grassland in Northwest China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Zechen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Utilization of Degraded Grassland in Northwest China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Shenghua Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Utilization of Degraded Grassland in Northwest China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Fujiang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Utilization of Degraded Grassland in Northwest China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
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Li Z, Ma Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang X. Geographical patterns and environmental influencing factors of variations in Asterothamnus centraliasiaticus seed traits on Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1366512. [PMID: 38606068 PMCID: PMC11006976 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1366512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Seed traits related to recruitment directly affect plant fitness and persistence. Understanding the key patterns and influencing factors of seed trait variations is conducive to assessing plant colonization and habitat selection. However, the variation patterns of the critical seed traits of shrub species are usually underrepresented and disregarded despite their vital role in alpine desert ecosystems. Methods This study gathered seeds from 21 Asterothamnus centraliasiaticus populations across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, analyzing geographical patterns of seed traits to identify external environmental influences. Additionally, it explored how seed morphology and nutrients affect germination stress tolerance, elucidating direct and indirect factors shaping seed trait variations. Results The results present substantial intraspecific variations in the seed traits of A. centraliasiaticus. Seed traits except seed length-to-width ratio (LWR) all vary significantly with geographic gradients. In addition, the direct and indirect effects of climatic variables and soil nutrients on seed traits were verified in this study. Climate mainly influences seed nutrients, and soil nutrients significantly affect seed morphology and seed nutrients. Furthermore, climate directly impacts seed germination drought tolerance index (GDTI) and germination saline-alkali tolerance index (GSTI). Seed germination cold tolerance index (GCTI) is influenced by climate and soil nutrients (mostly SOC). GDTI and GSTI are prominently influenced by seed morphology (largely the seed thousand-grain weight (TGW)), and GCTI is evidently affected by seed nutrients (mainly the content of soluble protein (CSP)). Discussion The findings of this study amply explain seed trait variation patterns of shrubs in alpine desert ecosystems, possessing significant importance for understanding the mechanism of shrub adaptation to alpine desert ecosystems, predicting the outcomes of environmental change, and informing conservation efforts. This study can be a valuable reference for managing alpine desert ecosystems on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - YuShou Ma
- *Correspondence: YuShou Ma, ; Ying Liu,
| | - Ying Liu
- *Correspondence: YuShou Ma, ; Ying Liu,
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Beveridge FC, Williams A, Cave R, Kalaipandian S, Haque MM, Adkins SW. Environmental Effects during Early Life-History Stages and Seed Development on Seed Functional Traits of an Australian Native Legume Species. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:148. [PMID: 38534418 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how seed functional traits interact with environmental factors to determine seedling recruitment is critical to assess the impact of climate change on ecosystem restoration. This study focused on the effects of environmental factors on the mother plant during early plant life history stages and during seed development. Desmodium brachypodum A. Gray (large tick trefoil, Fabaceae) was used as a model species. Firstly, this study analyzed seed germination traits in response to temperature and moisture stress. Secondly, it investigated how seed burial depth interacts with temperature and soil moisture to influence seedling emergence traits. Finally, it determined if contrasting levels of post-anthesis soil moisture could result in changes in D. brachypodum reproductive biology and seed and seedling functional traits. The results showed that elevated temperature and moisture stress interacted to significantly reduce the seed germination and seedling emergence (each by >50%), while the seed burial improved the seedling emergence. Post-anthesis soil moisture stress negatively impacted the plant traits, reducing the duration of the reproductive phenology stage (by 9 days) and seed production (by almost 50%). Unexpectedly, soil moisture stress did not affect most seed or seedling traits. In conclusion, elevated temperatures combined with low soil moisture caused significant declines in seed germination and seedling emergence. On the other hand, the reproductive output of D. brachypodum had low seed variability under soil moisture stress, which might be useful when sourcing seeds from climates with high variability. Even so, a reduction in seed quantity under maternal moisture stress can impact the long-term survival of restored plant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C Beveridge
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Alwyn Williams
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Robyn Cave
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Sundaravelpandian Kalaipandian
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
- Department of Bioengineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha School of Engineering, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Mirza M Haque
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Steve W Adkins
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
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11
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Ladwig LM, Lucas JR. Seed mucilage in temperate grassland species is unrelated to moisture requirements. PLANT-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS (HOBOKEN, N.J.) 2024; 5:e10135. [PMID: 38384946 PMCID: PMC10880130 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.10135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Myxospermy, the release of seed mucilage upon hydration, plays multiple roles in seed biology. Here, we explore whether seed mucilage occurs in a suite of temperate grassland species to test if the prevalence of species producing seed mucilage is associated with habitat type or seed characteristics. Seventy plant species found in wet or dry North American temperate grasslands were tested for the presence of seed mucilage through microscopic examination of seeds imbibed with histochemical stain for mucilage. Mucilage production was compared among species with different moisture requirements and seed mass. In this study, 43 of 70 of species tested produced seed mucilage. Seed mucilage did not differ based on habitat type, species moisture requirements, or seed mass. Most seed mucilage was non-adherent and did not remain stuck to the seed after extrusion. Seed mucilage was a common trait in the surveyed temperate grassland species and was observed in 61% of evaluated species. Surprisingly, seed mucilage was more common in temperate grasslands than in previous ecological surveys from arid/semiarid systems, which found 10%-31% myxospermous species. Given the high prevalence, seed mucilage may influence seedling ecology in temperate grasslands and requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Ladwig
- Biology DepartmentUniversity of WisconsinOshkoshWisconsinUSA
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12
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Yang J, Wu A, Li J, Wei H, Qin J, Tian H, Fan D, Wu W, Chen S, Tong X, Liu X. Structured and unstructured intraspecific propagule trait variation across environmental gradients in a widespread mangrove. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e10835. [PMID: 38205374 PMCID: PMC10776304 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing studies have shown the importance of intraspecific trait variation (ITV) on ecological processes. However, the patterns and sources of ITV are still unclear, especially in the propagules of coastal vegetation. Here, we measured six hypocotyl traits for 66 genealogies of Kandelia obovata from 26 sites and analyzed how ITV in these traits was distributed across geography and genealogy through variance partitioning. We further constructed mixed models and structural equation models to disentangle the effects of climatic, oceanic, and maternal factors on ITV. Results showed that size-related traits decreased along increasing latitudinal gradients, which was mainly driven by positive regulation of temperature on these traits. By contrast, ITV of shape trait was unstructured along latitudinal gradients and did not show any dependence among environmental variables. These findings indicate that propagule size mainly varied between populations, whereas propagule shape mainly varied between individuals. Our study may provide useful insights into the ITV in propagule from different functional dimensions and on a broad scale, which may facilitate mangrove protection in light of ITV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anchi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystem, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jinhua Li
- Guangxi Forestry Research InstituteNanningChina
| | - Haihang Wei
- Guangxi Forestry Research InstituteNanningChina
| | - Jie Qin
- Guangxi Forestry Research InstituteNanningChina
| | | | - Donghan Fan
- Qinzhou Forestry Research InstituteQinzhouChina
| | - Weidai Wu
- Qinzhou Forestry Research InstituteQinzhouChina
| | - Shan Chen
- School of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xin Tong
- Eastern China Conservation Centre for Wild Endangered Plant Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical GardenShanghaiChina
| | - Xiu Liu
- Guangxi Forestry Research InstituteNanningChina
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13
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Leal LC, Koski MH. Linking pollen limitation and seed dispersal effectiveness. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14347. [PMID: 38073068 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Seed production and dispersal are crucial ecological processes impacting plant demography, species distributions and community assembly. Plant-animal interactions commonly mediate both seed production and seed dispersal, but current research often examines pollination and seed dispersal separately, which hinders our understanding of how pollination services affect downstream dispersal services. To fill this gap, we propose a conceptual framework exploring how pollen limitation can impact the effectiveness of seed dispersal for endozoochorous and myrmecochorous plant species. We summarize the quantitative and qualitative effects of pollen limitation on plant reproduction and use Optimal Foraging Theory to predict its impact on the foraging behaviour of seed dispersers. In doing so, we offer a new framework that poses numerous hypotheses and empirical tests to investigate links between pollen limitation and seed dispersal effectiveness and, consequently, post-dispersal ecological processes occurring at different levels of biological organization. Finally, considering the importance of pollination and seed dispersal outcomes to plant eco-evolutionary dynamics, we discussed the implications of our framework for future studies exploring the demographic and evolutionary impacts of pollen limitation for animal-dispersed plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Leal
- Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew H Koski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
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14
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Jayasuriya KMGG, Phartyal SS. Dormancy, germination, and associated seed ecological traits of 25 Fabaceae species from northern India. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024; 26:41-50. [PMID: 37921398 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Fabaceae produce seeds with water-impermeable seed coats, i.e., physical dormancy (PY). We hypothesized that the proportion of PY seeds will increase with the dryness of the habitat, and some key seed ecological traits will be strongly associated with different levels of PY. Fresh seed of 25 Fabaceae species collected in northern India were used for imbibition and germination experiments to determine the proportion of seeds with PY and of nondormant (ND) seeds compared to their Sri Lankan congeners. Seed coat:seed mass ratio (SCR), 1000 seed weight, seed shape index (SSI), embryo type and median germination time of ND seeds were determined. Four imbibition and germination patterns were identified among seeds of the studied species. Seeds collected from Indian populations had a higher proportion of PY seeds than those of Sri Lankan populations. We identified a type of embryo called 'spatulate axile' that had not been identified before among the studied species. Species with ND seeds had a lower SCR and a higher SSI than those with PY. Our hypothesis was confirmed since populations from drier habitats in India produce a higher proportion of PY seeds than those from Sri Lanka. A low SCR ensures minimal resistance to germinating seeds, while seeds with a high SSI have a lower tendency to incorporate into the soil seed bank. Thus, these seed traits aid the fast germination of ND seeds, often dispersed just before the rainy season.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M G G Jayasuriya
- India Science and Research Fellow, School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, India
- Department of Botany, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
- Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - S S Phartyal
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, India
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15
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Tovar C, Hudson L, Cuesta F, Meneses RI, Muriel P, Hidalgo O, Palazzesi L, Suarez Ballesteros C, Hammond Hunt E, Diazgranados M, Hind DJN, Forest F, Halloy S, Aguirre N, Baker WJ, Beck S, Carilla J, Eguiguren P, Françoso E, Gámez LE, Jaramillo R, Llambí LD, Maurin O, Melcher I, Muller G, Roy S, Viñas P, Yager K, Viruel J. Strategies of diaspore dispersal investment in Compositae: the case of the Andean highlands. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 132:255-267. [PMID: 37501620 PMCID: PMC10583198 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Understanding diaspore morphology and how much a species invests on dispersal appendages is key for improving our knowledge of dispersal in fragmented habitats. We investigate diaspore morphological traits in high-Andean Compositae and their main abiotic and biotic drivers and test whether they play a role in species distribution patterns across the naturally fragmented high-Andean grasslands. METHODS We collected diaspore trait data for 125 Compositae species across 47 tropical high-Andean summits, focusing on achene length and pappus-to-achene length ratio, with the latter as a proxy of dispersal investment. We analysed the role of abiotic (temperature, elevation and latitude) and biotic factors (phylogenetic signal and differences between tribes) on diaspore traits and whether they are related to distribution patterns across the Andes, using phylogenomics, distribution modelling and community ecology analyses. KEY RESULTS Seventy-five percent of the studied species show small achenes (length <3.3 mm) and 67% have high dispersal investment (pappus length at least two times the achene length). Dispersal investment increases with elevation, possibly to compensate for lower air density, and achene length increases towards the equator, where non-seasonal climate prevails. Diaspore traits show significant phylogenetic signal, and higher dispersal investment is observed in Gnaphalieae, Astereae and Senecioneae, which together represent 72% of our species. High-Andean-restricted species found across the tropical Andes have, on average, the pappus four times longer than the achene, a significantly higher dispersal investment than species present only in the northern Andes or only in the central Andes. CONCLUSIONS Small achenes and high diaspore dispersal investment dominate among high-Andean Compositae, traits typical of mostly three tribes of African origin; but traits are also correlated with the environmental gradients within the high-Andean grasslands. Our results also suggest that diaspore dispersal investment is likely to shape species distribution patterns in naturally fragmented habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francisco Cuesta
- Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Salud – BIOMAS, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Rosa Isela Meneses
- Universidad Católica del Norte, San Pedro de Atacama, Chile
- Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, Bolivia
| | - Priscilla Muriel
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Oriane Hidalgo
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-Ajuntament de Barcelona), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Luis Palazzesi
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Stephan Halloy
- Biosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Nikolay Aguirre
- Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales del Ambiente y Biodiversidad, Carrera de Ingeniería Forestal, Universidad Nacional de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | | | - Stephan Beck
- Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, Bolivia
| | - Julieta Carilla
- Instituto de Ecología Regional (IER), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Paúl Eguiguren
- Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales del Ambiente y Biodiversidad, Carrera de Ingeniería Forestal, Universidad Nacional de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | | | - Luis E Gámez
- Laboratorio de Dendrología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Ricardo Jaramillo
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Luis Daniel Llambí
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Ecologicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela
- Consorcio para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la Ecorregión Andina, Germán Alemán E12-123, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Inga Melcher
- Institute for Biodiversity & Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Karina Yager
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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16
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Gao C, Liu F, Miao Y, Li J, Liu Z, Cui K. Effects of geo-climate factors on phenotypic variation in cone and seed traits of Pinus yunnanensis. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10568. [PMID: 37780092 PMCID: PMC10534196 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Evaluating variations in reproductive traits and the response of the variations to geo-climate conditions are essential for understanding the persistence, evolution, and range dynamics of plant populations. However, there are insufficient studies to attempt to analyze the importance of geo-climate factors in explaining within- or among-population variation in reproductive traits. We examined 14 traits for 2671 cones of Pinus yunnanensis collected from nine populations in the mountains of Southwest China to characterize the patterns of phenotypic variation of traits and estimate environmental effects on these trait performances and trait variation. We found the contribution of intrapopulation variation to the overall variation was greater than the interpopulation variation and the larger coefficients of variation for the populations lying at the edge of northern and southern regions. Climatic variables are more important than geographical and tree size variables in their relationships to cone and seed traits. Populations in more humid and warmer climate expressed greater cone and seed weight and seed number but lower seed abortion rate, while the larger coefficients of variation in seed weight and number were detected in northern and southern marginal regions with drier or colder climate. Our study illustrates that intraspecific trait variation should be considered when examining plant species response to changing climate and suggests that the high variability rather than high quality of seed traits in the marginal regions with drier or colder climate might foster plant-population persistence in stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Highland Forest ScienceChinese Academy of ForestryKunmingChina
| | - Fangyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Highland Forest ScienceChinese Academy of ForestryKunmingChina
| | - Yingchun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Highland Forest ScienceChinese Academy of ForestryKunmingChina
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Highland Forest ScienceChinese Academy of ForestryKunmingChina
| | - Zirui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Highland Forest ScienceChinese Academy of ForestryKunmingChina
| | - Kai Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Highland Forest ScienceChinese Academy of ForestryKunmingChina
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17
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Fernández-Pascual E, Carta A, Rosbakh S, Guja L, Phartyal SS, Silveira FAO, Chen SC, Larson JE, Jiménez-Alfaro B. SeedArc, a global archive of primary seed germination data. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:466-470. [PMID: 37533134 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fernández-Pascual
- IMIB Biodiversity Research Institute (University of Oviedo - CSIC - Principality of Asturias), University of Oviedo, E-33600, Mieres, Spain
| | - Angelino Carta
- Department of Biology, Botany Unit, University of Pisa, 56122, Pisa, Italy
- CIRSEC - Centre for Climate Change Impact, University of Pisa, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sergey Rosbakh
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lydia Guja
- National Seed Bank, Australian National Botanic Gardens, Parks Australia, 2601, Acton, ACT, Australia
- Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (A Joint Venture Between Parks Australia and CSIRO), CSIRO, 2601, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Shyam S Phartyal
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, 803116, Rajgir, India
| | - Fernando A O Silveira
- Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31320290, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Si-Chong Chen
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 430074, Wuhan, China
- Millennium Seed Bank, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, RH176TN, Wakehurst, UK
| | - Julie E Larson
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Burns, OR, 97720, USA
| | - Borja Jiménez-Alfaro
- IMIB Biodiversity Research Institute (University of Oviedo - CSIC - Principality of Asturias), University of Oviedo, E-33600, Mieres, Spain
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18
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Kassout J, Hmimsa Y, Fatehi SE, Kadaoui K, Houssni M, Chakkour S, Sahli A, El Chami MA, Ariza-Mateos D, Palacios-Rodríguez G, Navarro-Cerrillo RM, Ater M. Aridity Gradients Shape Intraspecific Variability of Morphological Traits in Native Ceratonia siliqua L. of Morocco. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3447. [PMID: 37836187 PMCID: PMC10575131 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is a significant fruit tree in the Mediterranean region with cultural, biological, and ecological importance. Despite its importance, intraspecific trait variability (ITV) in carob trees has been largely overlooked in previous studies. Understanding ITV and its relationship with environmental conditions is crucial for conservation and breeding programs. In this study, we investigated the variability of carob pod and seed-related traits across different ecological scales in 25 studied populations in Morocco. Significant differences in morphological traits were observed between carob populations at various ecological levels, and pod-related traits exhibited greater variability than seed traits. Correlation analysis revealed strong associations between carob morphological traits and environmental conditions, with altitude and aridity index playing an influential role. The aridity gradient was strongly related to changes in pod size, seed number, and size, as well as seed yield. Our findings highlight an important ITV reaching 45% at the intra-population level, 36.5% at the inter-geographic level, and 30% at the inter-population level. Overall, this study contributes valuable insights into the ecology and adaptation of carob trees, emphasizing the importance of considering intraspecific variability when studying this remarkable species. This knowledge is critical for addressing the challenges posed by climate change and human activities on the long-term survival and ecological functioning of carob populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Kassout
- Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Marrakech, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, P.O. Box 415, Rabat Principale, Rabat 10090, Morocco
| | - Younes Hmimsa
- Laboratory of Applied Botany, Bio-Agrodiversity Team, Faculty of Sciences, University of Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tétouan 93030, Morocco; (Y.H.); (S.E.F.); (K.K.); (M.H.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (M.A.)
- TEDAEEP Team Research, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Larache (FPL), University of Abdelmalek Essaâdi, P.O. Box 745, Larache 92000, Morocco
| | - Salama El Fatehi
- Laboratory of Applied Botany, Bio-Agrodiversity Team, Faculty of Sciences, University of Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tétouan 93030, Morocco; (Y.H.); (S.E.F.); (K.K.); (M.H.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (M.A.)
- TEDAEEP Team Research, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Larache (FPL), University of Abdelmalek Essaâdi, P.O. Box 745, Larache 92000, Morocco
| | - Khalil Kadaoui
- Laboratory of Applied Botany, Bio-Agrodiversity Team, Faculty of Sciences, University of Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tétouan 93030, Morocco; (Y.H.); (S.E.F.); (K.K.); (M.H.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Mhammad Houssni
- Laboratory of Applied Botany, Bio-Agrodiversity Team, Faculty of Sciences, University of Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tétouan 93030, Morocco; (Y.H.); (S.E.F.); (K.K.); (M.H.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Soufian Chakkour
- Laboratory of Applied Botany, Bio-Agrodiversity Team, Faculty of Sciences, University of Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tétouan 93030, Morocco; (Y.H.); (S.E.F.); (K.K.); (M.H.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Abdelouahab Sahli
- Laboratory of Applied Botany, Bio-Agrodiversity Team, Faculty of Sciences, University of Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tétouan 93030, Morocco; (Y.H.); (S.E.F.); (K.K.); (M.H.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohamad Ali El Chami
- Forestry Engineering Department, ERSAF Research Group RNM-360, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (M.A.E.C.); (D.A.-M.); (G.P.-R.); (R.M.N.-C.)
| | - David Ariza-Mateos
- Forestry Engineering Department, ERSAF Research Group RNM-360, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (M.A.E.C.); (D.A.-M.); (G.P.-R.); (R.M.N.-C.)
| | - Guillermo Palacios-Rodríguez
- Forestry Engineering Department, ERSAF Research Group RNM-360, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (M.A.E.C.); (D.A.-M.); (G.P.-R.); (R.M.N.-C.)
| | - Rafael M. Navarro-Cerrillo
- Forestry Engineering Department, ERSAF Research Group RNM-360, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (M.A.E.C.); (D.A.-M.); (G.P.-R.); (R.M.N.-C.)
| | - Mohamed Ater
- Laboratory of Applied Botany, Bio-Agrodiversity Team, Faculty of Sciences, University of Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tétouan 93030, Morocco; (Y.H.); (S.E.F.); (K.K.); (M.H.); (S.C.); (A.S.); (M.A.)
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19
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Steinecke C, Lee J, Friedman J. A standardized and efficient technique to estimate seed traits in plants with numerous small propagules. APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2023; 11:e11552. [PMID: 37915429 PMCID: PMC10617364 DOI: 10.1002/aps3.11552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Premise Variation in seed traits is common within and among populations of plant species and often has ecological and evolutionary implications. However, due to the time-consuming nature of manual seed measurements and the level of variability in imaging techniques, quantifying and interpreting the extent of seed variation can be challenging. Methods We developed a standardized high-throughput technique to measure seed number, as well as individual seed area and color, using a derived empirical scale to constrain area in Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica rapa, and Mimulus guttatus. We develop a specific rational model using seed area measured at various spatial scales relative to the pixel count, observing the asymptotic value of the seed area as the modeled number of pixels approaches infinity. Results We found that our model has high reliability in estimating seed traits and efficiently processes large numbers of images, facilitating the quantification of seed traits in studies with large sample sizes. Discussion This technique facilitates consistency between imaging sessions and standardizes the measurement of seed traits. These novel advances allow researchers to directly and reliably measure seed traits, which will enable tests of the ecological and evolutionary causes of their variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Steinecke
- Biology DepartmentQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioK7L 3N6Canada
- Present address:
Department of Organismic and Evolutionary BiologyHarvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA; Arnold Arboretum of Harvard UniversityBostonMassachusetts02131USA
| | - Jeremiah Lee
- Biology DepartmentQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioK7L 3N6Canada
- Department of Geography and PlanningQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioK7L 3N6Canada
| | - Jannice Friedman
- Biology DepartmentQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioK7L 3N6Canada
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20
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Ke Y, Zhang FP, Zhang YB, Li W, Wang Q, Yang D, Zhang JL, Cao KF. Convergent relationships between flower economics and hydraulic traits across aquatic and terrestrial herbaceous plants. PLANT DIVERSITY 2023; 45:601-610. [PMID: 37936818 PMCID: PMC10625894 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining open flowers is critical for successful pollination and depends on long-term water and carbon balance. Yet the relationship between how flower hydraulic traits are coordinated in different habitats is poorly understood. Here, we hypothesize that the coordination and trade-offs between floral hydraulics and economics traits are independent of environmental conditions. To test this hypothesis, we investigated a total of 27 flower economics and hydraulic traits in six aquatic and six terrestrial herbaceous species grown in a tropical botanical garden. We found that although there were a few significant differences, most flower hydraulics and economics traits did not differ significantly between aquatic and terrestrial herbaceous plants. Both flower mass per area and floral longevity were significantly positively correlated with the time required for drying full-hydrated flowers to 70% relative water content. Flower dry matter content was strongly and positively related to drought tolerance of the flowers as indicated by flower water potential at the turgor loss point. In addition, there was a trade-off between hydraulic efficiency and the construction cost of a flower across species. Our results show that flowers of aquatic and terrestrial plants follow the same economics spectrum pattern. These results suggest a convergent flower economics design across terrestrial and aquatic plants, providing new insights into the mechanisms by which floral organs adapt to aquatic and terrestrial habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ke
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng-Ping Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yun-Bing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Puer University, Puer, Yunnan 665000, China
| | - Qin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Da Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Jiao-Lin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Kun-Fang Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, Guangxi University, Daxuedong Road 100, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
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21
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Zhang L, Xu C, Liu H, Wu Q, Tao J, Zhang K. Intermediate complex morphophysiological dormancy in seeds of Aconitum barbatum (Ranunculaceae). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:350. [PMID: 37407945 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04357-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seed dormancy and germination are key components of plant regeneration strategies. Aconitum barbatum is a plant commonly found in northeast China. Although it has potential for use in gardening and landscaping, its seed dormancy and regeneration strategy, which adapt to its natural habitat, are not well understood. Our aim was to identify conditions for breaking A. barbatum seed dormancy and determine its dormancy type. Embryo growth and germination were determined by collecting seeds over time in the field. Laboratory experiments that control light, temperature, and stratification period were conducted to assess dormancy breaking and germination, and GA3 was used to identify dormancy type. RESULTS Seeds of A. barbatum have undeveloped embryos with physiological dormancy at maturity in autumn. The embryo-to-seed length ratio increases from 0.33 to 0.78 before the emergence of the radical. Under natural environmental conditions, embryo development begins in early winter. Laboratory experiments have shown that long-term incubation under 4 °C (cold stratification) promotes embryo development and seed dormancy break. With an extension of cold stratification, an increase in germination percentages was observed when seeds were transferred from 4 °C to warmer temperatures. Seeds exposed to light during incubation show a higher germination percentage than those kept in the dark. Seed germination can also be enhanced by a 100 mg/L GA3 concentration. CONCLUSIONS Seeds of A. barbatum display intermediate complex morphophysiological dormancy at maturity. In addition to the underdeveloped embryo, there are also physiological barriers that prevent the embryo from germinating. Dormancy breaking of A. barbatum seeds can be achieved by natural winter cold stratification, allowing seeds to germinate and sprout seedlings at the beginning of the following growing season. Our findings provide valuable insights into the seed dormancy and regeneration strategy of A. barbatum, which could facilitate its effective utilization in gardening and landscaping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Chaohan Xu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Huina Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Keliang Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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22
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Eskelinen A, Jessen MT, Bahamonde HA, Bakker JD, Borer ET, Caldeira MC, Harpole WS, Jia M, Lannes LS, Nogueira C, Olde Venterink H, Peri PL, Porath-Krause AJ, Seabloom EW, Schroeder K, Tognetti PM, Yasui SLE, Virtanen R, Sullivan LL. Herbivory and nutrients shape grassland soil seed banks. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3949. [PMID: 37402739 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic nutrient enrichment and shifts in herbivory can lead to dramatic changes in the composition and diversity of aboveground plant communities. In turn, this can alter seed banks in the soil, which are cryptic reservoirs of plant diversity. Here, we use data from seven Nutrient Network grassland sites on four continents, encompassing a range of climatic and environmental conditions, to test the joint effects of fertilization and aboveground mammalian herbivory on seed banks and on the similarity between aboveground plant communities and seed banks. We find that fertilization decreases plant species richness and diversity in seed banks, and homogenizes composition between aboveground and seed bank communities. Fertilization increases seed bank abundance especially in the presence of herbivores, while this effect is smaller in the absence of herbivores. Our findings highlight that nutrient enrichment can weaken a diversity maintaining mechanism in grasslands, and that herbivory needs to be considered when assessing nutrient enrichment effects on seed bank abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Eskelinen
- Ecology and Genetics Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, Oulu, Finland.
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Maria-Theresa Jessen
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Halle, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Hector A Bahamonde
- Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, National University of La Plata, Av. 60 y 119, La Plata, 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jonathan D Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Box 354115, Seattle, WA, 98195-4115, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Borer
- University of Minnesota, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, 140 Gortner Laboratory, 1479 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Maria C Caldeira
- Forest Research Centre, Associate Laboratory TERRA, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - W Stanley Harpole
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, am Kirchtor 1, 06108, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Meiyu Jia
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Box 354115, Seattle, WA, 98195-4115, USA
- School of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekou Wai Street, Beijing City, 100875, China
| | - Luciola S Lannes
- Department of Biology and Animal Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Ilha Solteira, 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Carla Nogueira
- Forest Research Centre, Associate Laboratory TERRA, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Harry Olde Venterink
- Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pablo L Peri
- National Institute of Agricultural Research (INTA), Southern Patagonia National University (UNPA), CONICET, Río Gallegos, (CP 9400), Santa Cruz, Argentina
| | - Anita J Porath-Krause
- University of Minnesota, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, 140 Gortner Laboratory, 1479 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Eric W Seabloom
- University of Minnesota, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, 140 Gortner Laboratory, 1479 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Katie Schroeder
- University of Minnesota, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, 140 Gortner Laboratory, 1479 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30603, USA
| | - Pedro M Tognetti
- IFEVA, University of Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Av. San Martin, 4453 C1417DSE, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Simone-Louise E Yasui
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Risto Virtanen
- Ecology and Genetics Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lauren L Sullivan
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI, 49060, USA
- Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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23
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Mérai Z, Xu F, Musilek A, Ackerl F, Khalil S, Soto-Jiménez LM, Lalatović K, Klose C, Tarkowská D, Turečková V, Strnad M, Mittelsten Scheid O. Phytochromes mediate germination inhibition under red, far-red, and white light in Aethionema arabicum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:1584-1602. [PMID: 36861637 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The view on the role of light during seed germination stems mainly from studies with Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), where light is required to initiate this process. In contrast, white light is a strong inhibitor of germination in other plants, exemplified by accessions of Aethionema arabicum, another member of Brassicaceae. Their seeds respond to light with gene expression changes of key regulators converse to that of Arabidopsis, resulting in opposite hormone regulation and prevention of germination. However, the photoreceptors involved in this process in A. arabicum remain unknown. Here, we screened a mutant collection of A. arabicum and identified koy-1, a mutant that lost light inhibition of germination due to a deletion in the promoter of HEME OXYGENASE 1, the gene for a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of the phytochrome chromophore. koy-1 seeds were unresponsive to red- and far-red light and hyposensitive under white light. Comparison of hormone and gene expression between wild type and koy-1 revealed that very low light fluence stimulates germination, while high irradiance of red and far-red light is inhibitory, indicating a dual role of phytochromes in light-regulated seed germination. The mutation also affects the ratio between the 2 fruit morphs of A. arabicum, suggesting that light reception via phytochromes can fine-tune several parameters of propagation in adaptation to conditions in the habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Mérai
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Fei Xu
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Andreas Musilek
- Technical University of Vienna, TRIGA Center Atominstitut, Vienna 1020, Austria
| | - Florian Ackerl
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Sarhan Khalil
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Luz Mayela Soto-Jiménez
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Katarina Lalatović
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Cornelia Klose
- Institute of Biology II, University of Freiburg, Freiburg D-79104, Germany
| | - Danuše Tarkowská
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc CZ-78371, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Turečková
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc CZ-78371, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc CZ-78371, Czech Republic
| | - Ortrun Mittelsten Scheid
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
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24
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Dong R, Guo Q, Li H, Li J, Zuo W, Long C. Estimation of morphological variation in seed traits of Sophora moorcroftiana using digital image analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1185393. [PMID: 37313255 PMCID: PMC10258342 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1185393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sophora moorcroftiana is a leguminous plant endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It has excellent abiotic stress tolerance and is considered an ideal species for local ecological restoration. However, the lack of genetic diversity in the seed traits of S. moorcroftiana hinders its conservation and utilization on the plateau. Therefore, in this study, genotypic variation and phenotypic correlations were estimated for nine seed traits among 15 accessions of S. moorcroftiana over two years, 2014 and 2019, respectively from 15 sample points. All traits evaluated showed significant (P< 0.05) genotypic variation. In 2014, accession mean repeatability was high for seed perimeter, length, width, and thickness, and 100-seed weight. In 2019, mean repeatability for seed perimeter and thickness, and 100-seed weight were high. The estimates of mean repeatability for seed traits across the two years ranged from 0.382 for seed length to 0.781 for seed thickness. Pattern analysis showed that 100-seed weight was significantly positively correlated with traits such as seed perimeter, length, width, and thickness, and identified populations with breeding pool potential. In the biplot, principal components 1 and 2 explained 55.22% and 26.72% of the total variation in seed traits, respectively. These accessions could produce breeding populations for recurrent selection to develop S. moorcroftiana varieties suitable for restoring the fragile ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Dong
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiqiang Guo
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Huie Li
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiangrong Li
- Key Lab Forest Ecology Tibet Plateau, Ministry Education, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, China
| | - Weiwei Zuo
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Cha Long
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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25
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Mamut J, Chen K, Baskin CC, Tan D. Inflated Ovary May Increase the Dispersal Ability of Three Species in the Cold Deserts of Central Asia. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1950. [PMID: 37653867 PMCID: PMC10223576 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Among the diaspores of angiosperms an inflated ovary (IO) is a novel morphological trait, but no studies have evaluated its effects on dispersal. The primary aim of this study was to determine the effect of the IO on diaspore dispersal in three cold desert species (Carex physodes, Calligonum junceum, and Sphaerophysa salsula). Various morphological features and the mass of fruits and seeds of each species were measured. The role of an IO in diaspore dispersal by wind and water was determined by comparing responses of intact (inflated) IOs and flattened fruits and seeds. Mature diaspores of three species were dispersed by wind, and the IO significantly increased dispersal distance in the field and at different wind speeds in the laboratory. The floating time on water was greater for inflated fruits than flattened fruits and seeds. Since the seed remains inside the IO until after dispersal is completed, the IO of the three species enhances diaspore dispersal. This is the first detailed study on how an IO increases diaspore/seed dispersal. Furthermore, after primary dispersal by wind, secondary dispersal can occur via wind or surface runoff of water, and each method is enhanced by the presence of an IO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannathan Mamut
- College of Life Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi 830052, China; (J.M.); (K.C.); (C.C.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Western Arid Region Grassland Resources and Ecology, College of Grassland Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi 830052, China
| | - Kewei Chen
- College of Life Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi 830052, China; (J.M.); (K.C.); (C.C.B.)
| | - Carol C. Baskin
- College of Life Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi 830052, China; (J.M.); (K.C.); (C.C.B.)
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Dunyan Tan
- College of Life Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi 830052, China; (J.M.); (K.C.); (C.C.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Western Arid Region Grassland Resources and Ecology, College of Grassland Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi 830052, China
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26
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Bertuzzi T, López-Spahr D, Gómez CA, Sühring S, Malagrina G, Baskin CC, Galíndez G. Variation in Seed Dormancy of Chaco Seasonally Dry Forest Species: Effects of Seed Traits and Population Environmental Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091790. [PMID: 37176851 PMCID: PMC10181065 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The persistence of subtropical seasonally dry forests urgently requires the implementation of ex situ conservation and restoration programs. We studied variation in seed traits and dormancy of six native species growing in seasonally dry Chaco forests of Argentina. We documented high intra- and interspecific variability in seed traits and dormancy. Fresh seeds of Geoffroea decorticans and Parasenegalia visco (Fabaceae) were water-permeable and nondormant (ND), while those of Parkinsonia praecox and Vachellia aroma (Fabaceae) were water-impermeable and had physical dormancy (PY). Seeds of Schnopsis lorentzii (Anacardiaceae) and Sarcomphalus mistol (Rhamnaceae) were water-permeable and had physiological dormancy (PD). Mechanical and chemical scarification were the most effective methods to break PY, and dry storage for 3 months was effective in breaking PD. Seeds of large-seeded species were ND or had PD, and those of small-seeded species had PY. Species inhabiting moist habitats had ND seeds, whereas those from seasonally dry habitats had seeds with PY or PD. These results suggest that seed traits and dormancy are species-specific and that intraspecific variation in seed traits is likely associated with high phenotypic plasticity of species in response to local environmental heterogeneity. These findings should be considered at the time of implementation of conservation techniques and for seed sourcing decisions for restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Bertuzzi
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Catamarca (CITCA)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Catamarca 4700, Argentina
| | - Diego López-Spahr
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta 4400, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Gómez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta 4400, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido (LASEM)-CCT-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta 4400, Argentina
| | - Silvia Sühring
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta 4400, Argentina
| | - Gisela Malagrina
- Banco Base de Germoplasma, Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, CIRN-INTA, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires 1686, Argentina
| | - Carol C Baskin
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0225, USA
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0321, USA
| | - Guadalupe Galíndez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta-CCT-CONICET, Salta 4400, Argentina
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27
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Bektaş B, Thuiller W, Renaud J, Guéguen M, Calderón-Sanou I, Valay JG, Colace MP, Münkemüller T. A spatially explicit trait-based approach uncovers changes in assembly processes under warming. Ecol Lett 2023. [PMID: 37082882 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The re-assembly of plant communities during climate warming depends on several concurrent processes. Here, we present a novel framework that integrates spatially explicit sampling, plant trait information and a warming experiment to quantify shifts in these assembly processes. By accounting for spatial distance between individuals, our framework allows separation of potential signals of environmental filtering from those of different types of competition. When applied to an elevational transplant experiment in the French Alps, we found common signals of environmental filtering and competition in all communities. Signals of environmental filtering were generally stronger in alpine than in subalpine control communities, and warming reduced this filter. Competition signals depended on treatments and traits: Symmetrical competition was dominant in control and warmed alpine communities, while hierarchical competition was present in subalpine communities. Our study highlights how distance-dependent frameworks can contribute to a better understanding of transient re-assembly dynamics during environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billur Bektaş
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Wilfried Thuiller
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Julien Renaud
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Maya Guéguen
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Irene Calderón-Sanou
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Marie-Pascale Colace
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Tamara Münkemüller
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
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28
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Bhatt A, Daibes LF, Chen X, Gallacher DJ. Germination of shrub species from Chinese subtropical forests: implications for restoration. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:448-456. [PMID: 36719105 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating native shrubs into restoration projects can improve biodiversity conservation and enhance the sustainability of ecosystem functions. Shrubs grow under different forest canopy structures, having varied microclimatic conditions according to forest type and composition. Currently, there is a lack of information on propagation from seed and planting material availability for the utilization of shrubs in forest restoration. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of temperature and light on germination of ten shrub species (Ardisia japonica, Callicarpa cathayana, Callicarpa giraldii var. subcanescens, Deutzia schneideriana, Fraxinus sieboldiana, Hydrangea chinensis, Maesa japonica, Rhododendron simsii, Spiraea japonica var. fortunei and Weigela japonica var. sinica) occurring in subtropical forests in China. No seeds of any species germinated in the coolest thermal regime (5/10 °C), while optimal temperature requirements varied from 10/20 °C to 25/35 °C. Seeds of small-seeded species had higher germination percentages in the light treatments, while larger seeds were not photoblastic. There was no relationship between germination in the light and the seed shape index. Our results may assist in identification of seed traits and suitable shrub species for restoration in specific forest types, thus aiding native forest recovery of structure and composition. Successful recovery leads to enhanced biodiversity, reestablishment of microhabitats and ecological interactions in the forest understorey.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bhatt
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Jiujiang, China
| | - L F Daibes
- Departamento de Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - X Chen
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Jiujiang, China
| | - D J Gallacher
- The Northern Hub, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT, Australia
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Glison N, Romero D, Rosso V, Guerrero JC, Speranza PR. Understanding the Geographic Patterns of Closely-Related Species of Paspalum (Poaceae) Using Distribution Modelling and Seed Germination Traits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1342. [PMID: 36987030 PMCID: PMC10052821 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The sexual species of the Dilatata complex (Paspalum dasypleurum, P. flavescens, P. plurinerve, P. vacarianum, and P. urvillei) are closely related phylogenetically and show allopatric distributions, except P. urvillei. These species show microhabitat similarities and differences in germination traits. We integrated species distribution models (SDMs) and seed germination assays to determine whether germination divergences explain their biogeographic pattern. We trained SDMs in South America using species' presence-absence data and environmental variables. Additionally, populations sampled from highly favourable areas in the SDMs of these species were grown together, and their seeds germinated at different temperatures and dormancy-breaking conditions. Differences among species in seed dormancy and germination niche breadth were tested, and linear regressions between seed dormancy and climatic variables were explored. SDMs correctly classified both the observed presences and absences. Spatial factors and anthropogenic activities were the main factors explaining these distributions. Both SDMs and germination analyses confirmed that the niche of P. urvillei was broader than the other species which showed restricted distributions, narrower germination niches, and high correlations between seed dormancy and precipitation regimes. Both approaches provided evidence about the generalist-specialist status of each species. Divergences in seed dormancy between the specialist species could explain these allopatric distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Glison
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Avenida Eugenio Garzón 780, Montevideo 12900, Uruguay
| | - David Romero
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo Sustentable y Gestión Ambiental del Territorio, Instituto de Ecología y Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Grupo Biogeografía, Diversidad & Conservación, Departamento Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Virginia Rosso
- Cátedra de Botánica Sistemática, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Avenida San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - José Carlos Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo Sustentable y Gestión Ambiental del Territorio, Instituto de Ecología y Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Pablo Rafael Speranza
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Avenida Eugenio Garzón 780, Montevideo 12900, Uruguay
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30
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Dry Climate Filters Gymnosperms but Not Angiosperms through Seed Mass. DIVERSITY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/d15030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
In the context of climate change in recent years, the fate of woody plant seed has an important impact on forest regeneration. Seed mass is an important reproductive strategy of plants. There are huge differences between gymnosperms (mainly conifers) and angiosperms (flowering plants) in terms of reproduction and hydraulic strategies; however, little is known about changes in seed mass along climate aridity gradients between taxonomical groups such as gymnosperms and angiosperms, which limit our understanding on the fate of woody plants under warming-induced climate drying. We collected seed mass data from a total of 2575 woody plant individuals, including 145 species of gymnosperms and 1487 species of angiosperms, across different climatic zones in China. We mapped the distribution pattern of gymnosperm and angiosperm seed mass in China, with angiosperms being maximal near the 400 mm iso-precipitation line. Our phylogenetic analysis results show that seed mass exhibited significant phylogenic signals (p < 0.001) and was also strongly influenced by functional traits (growth type, fruit type, and dispersal mode). The results of linear regression and hierarchical partitioning analysis showed a stronger correlation between gymnosperm seed mass and environmental factors, and a higher independent aridity index effect on gymnosperm seed mass than angiosperm seed mass. The different patterns of seed mass along a climate aridity gradient between gymnosperms and angiosperms may point to different future fates for these two taxonomic groups, while the higher sensitivity of gymnosperm seed mass to environmental conditions may reduce their reproductive rate under the background of climate warming and drying.
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31
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Bhatt A, Chen X, Pompelli MF, Jamal A, Mancinelli R, Radicetti E. Characterization of Invasiveness, Thermotolerance and Light Requirement of Nine Invasive Species in China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1192. [PMID: 36904052 PMCID: PMC10005799 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding responsible functional traits for promoting plant invasiveness could be important to aid in the development of adequate management strategies for invasive species. Seed traits play an important role in the plant life cycle by affecting dispersal ability, formation of the soil seed bank, type and level of dormancy, germination, survival and/or competitive ability. We assessed seed traits and germination strategies of nine invasive species under five temperature regimes and light/dark treatments. Our results showed a considerable level of interspecific variation in germination percentage among the tested species. Both cooler (5/10 °C) and warmer (35/40 °C) temperatures tended to inhibit germination. All study species were considered small-seeded, and seed size did not affect germination in the light. Yet, a slightly negative correlation was found between germination in the dark and seed dimensions. We classified the species into three categories according to their germination strategies: (i) risk-avoiders, mostly displaying dormant seeds with low G%; (ii) risk-takers, reaching a high G% in a broad range of temperatures; (iii) intermediate species, showing moderate G% values, which could be enhanced in specific temperature regimes. Variability in germination requirements could be important to explain species coexistence and invasion ability of plants to colonize different ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Bhatt
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 100101, China
| | - Xingxing Chen
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 100101, China
| | - Marcelo F. Pompelli
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
| | - Aftab Jamal
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan
| | - Roberto Mancinelli
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01011 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Emanuele Radicetti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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32
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Kambach S, Sabatini FM, Attorre F, Biurrun I, Boenisch G, Bonari G, Čarni A, Carranza ML, Chiarucci A, Chytrý M, Dengler J, Garbolino E, Golub V, Güler B, Jandt U, Jansen J, Jašková A, Jiménez-Alfaro B, Karger DN, Kattge J, Knollová I, Midolo G, Moeslund JE, Pielech R, Rašomavičius V, Rūsiņa S, Šibík J, Stančić Z, Stanisci A, Svenning JC, Yamalov S, Zimmermann NE, Bruelheide H. Climate-trait relationships exhibit strong habitat specificity in plant communities across Europe. Nat Commun 2023; 14:712. [PMID: 36759605 PMCID: PMC9911725 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36240-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecological theory predicts close relationships between macroclimate and functional traits. Yet, global climatic gradients correlate only weakly with the trait composition of local plant communities, suggesting that important factors have been ignored. Here, we investigate the consistency of climate-trait relationships for plant communities in European habitats. Assuming that local factors are better accounted for in more narrowly defined habitats, we assigned > 300,000 vegetation plots to hierarchically classified habitats and modelled the effects of climate on the community-weighted means of four key functional traits using generalized additive models. We found that the predictive power of climate increased from broadly to narrowly defined habitats for specific leaf area and root length, but not for plant height and seed mass. Although macroclimate generally predicted the distribution of all traits, its effects varied, with habitat-specificity increasing toward more narrowly defined habitats. We conclude that macroclimate is an important determinant of terrestrial plant communities, but future predictions of climatic effects must consider how habitats are defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Kambach
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany. .,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Francesco Maria Sabatini
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,BIOME Lab, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Fabio Attorre
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Idoia Biurrun
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Gianmaria Bonari
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Andraž Čarni
- Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Jovan Hadži Institute of Biology, ZRC-SAZU, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,University of Nova Gorica, School for Viticulture and Enology, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Maria Laura Carranza
- Envixlab, Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, Italy
| | - Alessandro Chiarucci
- BIOME Lab, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milan Chytrý
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jürgen Dengler
- Vegetation Ecology Research Group, Institute of Natural Resource Sciences (IUNR), Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, Switzerland.,Plant Ecology, Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Garbolino
- Climpact Data Science (CDS), Nova Sophia - Regus Nova, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
| | - Valentin Golub
- Samara Federal Research Scientific Center, Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin, Russian Academy of Sciences, Togliatti, Russia
| | - Behlül Güler
- Biology Education, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ute Jandt
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Jansen
- Department of Ecology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Anni Jašková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Borja Jiménez-Alfaro
- IMIB Biodiversity Research Institute (Univ.Oviedo-CSIC-Princ. Asturias), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Jens Kattge
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Ilona Knollová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriele Midolo
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Remigiusz Pielech
- Department of Forest Biodiversity, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Solvita Rūsiņa
- Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Jozef Šibík
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zvjezdana Stančić
- Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Angela Stanisci
- Envixlab, Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, Italy
| | - Jens-Christian Svenning
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sergey Yamalov
- Botanical Garden-Institute, Ufa Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | | | - Helge Bruelheide
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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33
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Gremer JR. Looking to the past to understand the future: linking evolutionary modes of response with functional and life history traits in variable environments. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:751-757. [PMID: 36349401 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In a variable world, plants must have strategies to deal with environmental conditions as they change. Understanding these strategies is critical since climate change not only affects mean conditions but also affects variability and predictability of those conditions. Doing so requires identifying how functional and life history traits interact throughout the life cycle to drive responses, as well as exploring how past variability will shape future responses. Here, I highlight relevant life history theory for predicting strategies in relation to the nature of environmental variability, relate theory to empirical studies integrating functional and life history traits to understand responses, and identify key areas for future research that will facilitate the application of this understanding toward predicting responses to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Gremer
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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34
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Gya R, Geange SR, Lynn JS, Töpper JP, Wallevik Ø, Zernichow C, Vandvik V. A test of local adaptation to drought in germination and seedling traits in populations of two alpine forbs across a 2000 mm/year precipitation gradient. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9772. [PMID: 36778839 PMCID: PMC9905427 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Seed regeneration is a critical stage in the life histories of plants, affecting species' abilities to maintain local populations, evolve, and disperse to new sites. In this study, we test for local adaptations to drought in germination and seedling growth of two alpine forbs with contrasting habitat preferences: the alpine generalist Veronica alpina and the snowbed specialist Sibbaldia procumbens. We sampled seeds of each species from four populations spanning a precipitation gradient from 1200 to 3400 mm/year in western Norway. In a growth chamber experiment, we germinated seeds from each population at 10 different water potentials under controlled light and temperature conditions. Drought led to lower germination percentage in both species, and additionally, slower germination, and more investment in roots for V. alpina. These responses varied along the precipitation gradient. Seeds from the driest populations had higher germination percentage, shorter time to germination, and higher investments in the roots under drought conditions than the seeds from the wettest populations - suggesting local adaption to drought. The snowbed specialist, S. procumbens, had lower germination percentages under drought, but otherwise did not respond to drought in ways that indicate physiological or morphological adaptions to drought. S. procumbens germination also did not vary systematically with precipitation of the source site, but heavier-seeded populations germinated to higher rates and tolerated drought better. Our study is the first to test drought effects on seed regeneration in alpine plants populations from high-precipitation regions. We found evidence that germination and seedling traits may show adaptation to drought even in populations from wet habitats. Our results also indicate that alpine generalists might be more adapted to drought and show more local adaptations in drought responses than snowbed specialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragnhild Gya
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Bjerknes Center for Climate ResearchBergenNorway
| | - Sonya Rita Geange
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Bjerknes Center for Climate ResearchBergenNorway
| | - Joshua Scott Lynn
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Bjerknes Center for Climate ResearchBergenNorway
| | | | - Øystein Wallevik
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | | | - Vigdis Vandvik
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Bjerknes Center for Climate ResearchBergenNorway
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35
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Number of simultaneously acting global change factors affects composition, diversity and productivity of grassland plant communities. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7811. [PMID: 36535931 PMCID: PMC9763497 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant communities experience impacts of increasing numbers of global change factors (e.g., warming, eutrophication, pollution). Consequently, unpredictable global change effects could arise. However, information about multi-factor effects on plant communities is scarce. To test plant-community responses to multiple global change factors (GCFs), we subjected sown and transplanted-seedling communities to increasing numbers (0, 1, 2, 4, 6) of co-acting GCFs, and assessed effects of individual factors and increasing numbers of GCFs on community composition and productivity. GCF number reduced species diversity and evenness of both community types, whereas none of the individual factors alone affected these measures. In contrast, GCF number positively affected the productivity of the transplanted-seedling community. Our findings show that simultaneously acting GCFs can affect plant communities in ways differing from those expected from single factor effects, which may be due to biological effects, sampling effects, or both. Consequently, exploring the multifactorial nature of global change is crucial to better understand ecological impacts of global change.
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36
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Visscher AM, Vandelook F, Fernández-Pascual E, Pérez-Martínez LV, Ulian T, Diazgranados M, Mattana E. Low availability of functional seed trait data from the tropics could negatively affect global macroecological studies, predictive models and plant conservation. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 130:773-784. [PMID: 36349952 PMCID: PMC9758304 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant seeds have many traits that influence ecological functions, ex situ conservation, restoration success and their sustainable use. Several seed traits are known to vary significantly between tropical and temperate regions. Here we present three additional traits for which existing data indicate differences between geographical zones. We discuss evidence for geographical bias in availability of data for these traits, as well as the negative consequences of this bias. SCOPE We reviewed the literature on seed desiccation sensitivity studies that compare predictive models to experimental data and show how a lack of data on populations and species from tropical regions could reduce the predictive power of global models. In addition, we compiled existing data on relative embryo size and post-dispersal embryo growth and found that relative embryo size was significantly larger, and embryo growth limited, in tropical species. The available data showed strong biases towards non-tropical species and certain families, indicating that these biases need to be corrected to perform truly global analyses. Furthermore, we argue that the low number of seed germination studies on tropical high-mountain species makes it difficult to compare across geographical regions and predict the effects of climate change in these highly specialized tropical ecosystems. In particular, we show that seed traits of geographically restricted páramo species have been studied less than those of more widely distributed species, with most publications unavailable in English or in the peer-reviewed literature. CONCLUSIONS The low availability of functional seed trait data from populations and species in the tropics can have negative consequences for macroecological studies, predictive models and their application to plant conservation. We propose that global analyses of seed traits with evidence for geographical variation prioritize generation of new data from tropical regions as well as multi-lingual searches of both the grey- and peer-reviewed literature in order to fill geographical and taxonomic gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Laura Victoria Pérez-Martínez
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst, Ardingly, Haywards Heath, West Sussex, RH17 6TN, UK
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia
| | - Tiziana Ulian
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst, Ardingly, Haywards Heath, West Sussex, RH17 6TN, UK
| | - Mauricio Diazgranados
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst, Ardingly, Haywards Heath, West Sussex, RH17 6TN, UK
| | - Efisio Mattana
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst, Ardingly, Haywards Heath, West Sussex, RH17 6TN, UK
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37
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Hu Y, Peng X, Shen S. Identification and Investigation of the Genetic Variations and Candidate Genes Responsible for Seed Weight via GWAS in Paper Mulberry. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012520. [PMID: 36293375 PMCID: PMC9604540 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Seeds directly determine the survival and population size of woody plants, but the genetic basis of seed weight in woody plants remain poorly explored. To identify genetic variations and candidate genes responsible for seed weight in natural woody populations, we investigated the hundred-seed weight of 198 paper mulberry individuals from different areas. Our results showed that the hundred-seed weight of paper mulberry was significantly associated with the bioclimatic variables of sampling sites, which increased from south to north along the latitudinal-temperature gradient. Using 2,414,978 high-quality SNPs from re-sequencing data, the genome-wide association analysis of the hundred-seed weight was performed under three models, which identified 148, 19 and 12 associated genes, respectively. Among them, 25 candidate genes were directly hit by the significant SNPs, including the WRKY transcription factor, fatty acid desaturase, F-box protein, etc. Most importantly, we identified three crucial genetic variations in the coding regions of candidate genes (Bp02g2123, Bp01g3291 and Bp10g1642), and significant differences in the hundred-seed weight were detected among the individuals carrying different genotypes. Further analysis revealed that Bp02g2123 encoding a fatty acid desaturase (FAD) might be a key factor affecting the seed weight and local climate adaptation of woody plants. Furthermore, the genome-wide investigation and expression analysis of FAD genes were performed, and the results suggested that BpFADs widely expressed in various tissues and responded to multiple phytohormone and stress treatments. Overall, our study identifies valuable genetic variations and candidate genes, and provides a better understanding of the genetic basis of seed weight in woody plants.
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38
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Wang J, Wang XY, Pan W, Li JY, Xue L, Li S. Seed germination traits and dormancy classification of 27 species from a degraded karst mountain in central Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau: seed mass and moisture content correlate with germination capacity. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:1043-1056. [PMID: 35793164 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In degraded karst ecosystem, vegetation restoration efforts almost exclusively rely on planted seedlings, but this is not effective to maintain community diversity and resilience. As seed functional traits, seed dormancy and germination are key to community assembly. Unfortunately, these elements are commonly overlooked in restoring degraded ecosystems. This work classifies seed dormancy of 27 species with different life forms that are common on a degraded karst mountain. We examined the effects of temperature regime and light conditions on percentage germination and assessed the relationships between seed traits and germination index using a partial least squares regression (PLSR). Approximately 48% of the investigated species had physiological dormancy, 37% were non-dormant, 7% had morphophysiological dormancy, 4% had morphological dormancy and 4% had physical dormancy. We found that 94% (15 out of 16) species had maximum germination in warm temperature regimes (20/13 and 25/18 °C), while the remaining species required cool temperatures (10/4 °C). PLSR analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between seed mass and T50m (time to 50% final germination), and a negative correlation between seed moisture content and percentage germination. Our findings indicate that seed traits are important factors in seed-based restoration practice. F. esculentum, O. opipara, P. fortuneana and S. salicifolia are recommended for direct seeding during the early rainy season to restore seriously degraded lands in subtropical karst regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, China
- Observation and Research Station for Rock Desert Ecosystem, Puding, China
| | - X Y Wang
- Chun'an County Forestry Administration, Hangzhou, China
| | - W Pan
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, China
| | - J Y Li
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, China
| | - L Xue
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, China
- Observation and Research Station for Rock Desert Ecosystem, Puding, China
| | - S Li
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang, China
- Observation and Research Station for Rock Desert Ecosystem, Puding, China
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39
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Li S, Zhang S, Baskin CC, Zhang Z, Xiao S, Bu H, Liu Y, Zhang T, Chen S, Liu Q, Liu K. Effect of grazing and nitrogen addition on the occurrence of species with different seed masses in alpine meadows on the Tibet Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156531. [PMID: 35688232 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Seed mass (SM) is a core functional trait of plant species. Thus, information of the effect of grazing and nitrogen addition on the occurrence of species with different SMs can help us understand the influence of grazing and fertilization on survival of species and community assembly. In alpine meadows with different grazing and nitrogen addition treatments on the eastern Tibet Plateau, we measured SM and plant height (H) of the most common plants and conducted a series of quadrat surveys. Overall, grazing promoted survival of small-seeded species, while fertilization suppressed their survival. At the community level, moderate grazing reduced the average community weighted mean (CWM) of SM and increased the coefficient of variation (CV) of SM. However, there was no significant difference between the functional diversity (FDrao, calculated as Rao's index) of SM in grazed and nongrazed meadows. Nitrogen addition significantly increased the CWM of SM, had a marginally significant effect on FDrao of SM, but had no significant effect on CV of SM. The impact of gazing and fertilization on occurrence of species with different SMs can be explained by their effect on vegetation height. From the perspective of SM selection, our study helps clarify the mechanism of species diversity loss due to fertilization, and that of species diversity increase by moderate grazing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Shiting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Carol C Baskin
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America; Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Zhilong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Gansu Normal College For Nationalities, Hezuo, PR China
| | - Sa Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Haiyan Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Si Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China.
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Liu M, Liu X, Zhou P, Jiang S, Huang JG, Dong Z. Environmental factors have a major effect in shaping the gene expression of Siberian larch in the Altai Mountains of China. THE PLANT GENOME 2022; 15:e20240. [PMID: 35818680 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation of gene expression is an important link between genotype and phenotype and has important contributions to species adaptation and ecosystem evolution. As a major component of the world's forests, boreal forests play an important role in regulating the global climate, and the phenology of tree species has been and is undergoing changes during global warming. Here, to understand the impact of global warming on gene expression in boreal forest species, we used PacBio and Illumina sequencing methods to study the transcriptome of natural populations of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) from the Altai Mountains in Xinjiang, China. We found that populations in this area had low genetic differentiation, but individuals were genetically clustered together when they had close geographic distance. Environmental factors, especially temperature, dominated differential gene expression of Siberian larch, while the contribution of genetic variation is relatively small. We speculate that Siberian larch adapts to changes in temperature and precipitation by altering its own gene expression. These results not only predict the tolerance of boreal forests to higher temperatures in the future, but also inform forest management strategies under global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Rd., Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Shaowei Jiang
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Rd., Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Jian-Guo Huang
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xingke Rd., Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Zhicheng Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Luo W, Griffin‐Nolan RJ, Felton AJ, Yu Q, Wang H, Zhang H, Wang Z, Han X, Collins SL, Knapp AK. Drought has inconsistent effects on seed trait composition despite their strong association with ecosystem drought sensitivity. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Luo
- Erguna Forest‐Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
| | | | - Andrew J. Felton
- Schmid College of Science and Technology Chapman University Orange CA USA
| | - Qiang Yu
- School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry University Beijing China
| | - Hongyi Wang
- Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Daqing China
| | - Hongxiang Zhang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
| | - Zhengwen Wang
- Erguna Forest‐Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
| | - Xingguo Han
- Erguna Forest‐Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Scott L. Collins
- Department of Biology University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA
| | - Alan K. Knapp
- Department of Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
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Keeler AM, Rafferty NE. Legume germination is delayed in dry soils and in sterile soils devoid of microbial mutualists: Species-specific implications for upward range expansions. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9186. [PMID: 36016820 PMCID: PMC9398887 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is affecting species and their mutualists and can lead to the weakening or loss of important interspecific interactions. Through independent shifts in partner phenology and distribution, climatic stress can separate mutualists temporally or spatially, leading to alterations in partner functional traits and fitness. Here, we explored the effects of the loss of microbial mutualists on legume germination success and phenology. In particular, we assessed the effects of mutualism loss via soil sterilization, increased drought, and introduction to novel soils found beyond the current distributions of two focal legume species in subalpine environments. Through common garden experiments in controlled environments, we found evidence that soil sterilization (and consequent microbial absence) and dry soils caused species‐specific phenological delays of 2–5 weeks in germination, likely as a result of interaction loss between legumes and specialized germination‐promoting soil microbes, such as mutualistic rhizobia. Delays in germination caused by a mismatch between legumes and beneficial microbes could negatively affect legume fitness through increased plant–plant competition later in the season. Additionally, we found evidence of the presence of beneficial microbes beyond the current elevational range of one of our focal legumes, which may allow for expansion of the leading edge, although harsh abiotic factors in the alpine may hinder this. Alterations in the strength of soil microbe‐legume mutualisms may lead to reduced fitness and altered demography for both soil microbes and legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Keeler
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology University of California, Riverside Riverside California USA.,Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory Crested Butte Colorado USA
| | - Nicole E Rafferty
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology University of California, Riverside Riverside California USA.,Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory Crested Butte Colorado USA
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Seed Traits Research Is on the Rise: A Bibliometric Analysis from 1991–2020. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11152006. [PMID: 35956484 PMCID: PMC9370117 DOI: 10.3390/plants11152006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Seed traits (ST) influence seedling establishment, population dynamics, community composition and ecosystem function and reflect the adaptability of plants and the environmental conditions they experienced. There has been a historical and global accumulation of studies on ST, but with few pertaining to visual and quantitative analyses. To understand the trends in the field of ST research in the past 30 years, we conducted a bibliometric analysis based on the Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E) database. The analysis provided annual publications, time trends for keywords, the most productive journals, authors, institutions and countries, and a comprehensive overview of the ST field. Our results showed that in the past 30 years, the number of publications in ST research has increased at an average annual growth rate of 9.1%, while the average number of citations per paper per year showed a rapid increase–slow increase–decrease trend. Keyword analysis showed that “germination” was the most popular research section. Crop Science ranked first among the top journals and Theoretical and Applied Genetics had greater influence in this area and more citations than other journals. The 10 most productive institutions were mostly located in the United States, China and Australia. Furthermore, the three countries also had the largest number of publications and citations. Our analysis showed that the research interests in ST have evolved from genetics and agricultural science to ecological research over the last thirty years; as more fields embrace ST research, there are opportunities for international and interdisciplinary collaborations, cooperative institutions and new advances in the field.
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Carta A, Fernández-Pascual E, Gioria M, Müller JV, Rivière S, Rosbakh S, Saatkamp A, Vandelook F, Mattana E. Climate shapes the seed germination niche of temperate flowering plants: a meta-analysis of European seed conservation data. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 129:775-786. [PMID: 35303062 PMCID: PMC9292614 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Interactions between ecological factors and seed physiological responses during the establishment phase shape the distribution of plants. Yet, our understanding of the functions and evolution of early-life traits has been limited by the scarcity of large-scale datasets. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the germination niche of temperate plants is shaped by their climatic requirements and phylogenetic relatedness, using germination data sourced from a comprehensive seed conservation database of the European flora (ENSCOBASE). METHODS We performed a phylogenetically informed Bayesian meta-analysis of primary data, considering 18 762 germination tests of 2418 species from laboratory experiments conducted across all European geographical regions. We tested for the interaction between species' climatic requirements and germination responses to experimental conditions including temperature, alternating temperature, light and dormancy-breaking treatments, while accounting for between-study variation related to seed sources and seed lot physiological status. KEY RESULTS Climate was a strong predictor of germination responses. In warm and seasonally dry climates the seed germination niche includes a cold-cued germination response and an inhibition determined by alternating temperature regimes and cold stratification, while in climates with high temperature seasonality opposite responses can be observed. Germination responses to scarification and light were related to seed mass but not to climate. We also found a significant phylogenetic signal in the response of seeds to experimental conditions, providing evidence that the germination niche is phylogenetically constrained. Nevertheless, phylogenetically distant lineages exhibited common germination responses under similar climates. CONCLUSION This is the first quantitative meta-analysis of the germination niche at a continental scale. Our findings showed that the germination niches of European plants exhibit evolutionary convergence mediated by strong pressures at the macroclimatic level. In addition, our methodological approach highlighted how large datasets generated by conservation seed banking can be valuable sources to address questions in plant macroecology and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Margherita Gioria
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Sergey Rosbakh
- Ecology and Conservation Biology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Arne Saatkamp
- Aix Marseille Université, Université d’Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
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Blandino C, Fernández-Pascual E, Newton RJ, Pritchard HW. Regeneration from seed in herbaceous understorey of ancient woodlands of temperate Europe. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 129:761-774. [PMID: 35020780 PMCID: PMC9292608 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS European ancient woodlands are subject to land use change, and the distribution of herbaceous understorey species may be threatened because of their poor ability to colonize isolated forest patches. The regeneration niche can determine the species assembly of a community, and seed germination traits may be important descriptors of this niche. METHODS We analysed ecological records for 208 herbaceous species regarded as indicators of ancient woodlands in Europe and, where possible, collated data on seed germination traits, reviewed plant regeneration strategies and measured seed internal morphology traits. The relationship between plant regeneration strategies and ecological requirements was explored for 57 species using ordination and classification analysis. KEY RESULTS Three regeneration strategies were identified. Species growing in closed-canopy areas tend to have morphological seed dormancy, often requiring darkness and low temperatures for germination, and their shoots emerge in early spring, thus avoiding the competition for light from canopy species. These species are separated into two groups: autumn and late winter germinators. The third strategy is defined by open-forest plants with a preference for gaps, forest edges and riparian forests. They tend to have physiological seed dormancy and germinate in light and at higher temperatures, so their seedlings emerge in spring or summer. CONCLUSION Seed germination traits are fundamental to which species are good or poor colonizers of the temperate forest understorey and could provide a finer explanation than adult plant traits of species distribution patterns. Seed dormancy type, temperature stratification and light requirements for seed germination are important drivers of forest floor colonization patterns and should be taken in account when planning successful ecological recovery of temperate woodland understories.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo Fernández-Pascual
- Science Directorate, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst, Ardlingly, West Sussex, UK
- IMIB – Biodiversity Research Institute, University of Oviedo, Mieres, Spain
| | - Rosemary J Newton
- Science Directorate, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst, Ardlingly, West Sussex, UK
| | - Hugh W Pritchard
- Science Directorate, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst, Ardlingly, West Sussex, UK
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46
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Pan VS, Girvin C, LoPresti EF. Anchorage by seed mucilage prevents seed dislodgement in high surface flow: a mechanistic investigation. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 129:817-830. [PMID: 35325924 PMCID: PMC9292590 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Seed mucilage is a common and highly diverse trait shared among thousands of angiosperm species. While it has long been recognized that mucilage allows seeds to anchor to substrates (antitelechory), resisting abiotic and biotic dislodgement, we still lack a mechanistic understanding of this process. METHODS We propose a mechanistic model of how mucilage affects substrate anchorage and fluid resistance, ultimately contributing to dislodgement resistance. To test this model, we subjected mucilaginous seeds of 52 species, varying in eight measured seed traits, to 7 d of continuous water flow at a range of dislodgement potentials. KEY RESULTS Supporting our model, mucilage mass increased the force necessary to dislodge both dry and wet seeds; our measurement of the dislodgement force of dry mucilage explained time to dislodgement well. The effect size was remarkably large; increasing the standardized mucilage mass by 1 s.d. resulted in a 280-fold increase in the time to dislodgement. Fluid resistance was largely dependent on the speed of water flow and the seed's modified drag coefficient, but not seed traits. Neither mucilage expansion speed nor mucilage decay rate explained dislodgement potential well. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the degree of anchorage to a substrate, measured with a simple dislodgement force assay, is highly predictive of mucilaginous seed retention in highly erosive environments. In contrast, we found that other seed and mucilage traits are of lesser importance to anchorage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecilia Girvin
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology, and Evolution, Oklahoma State University, 421 Physical Sciences, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Eric F LoPresti
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology, and Evolution, Oklahoma State University, 421 Physical Sciences, Stillwater, OK, USA
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Arnold PA, Wang S, Catling AA, Kruuk LEB, Nicotra AB. Patterns of phenotypic plasticity along a thermal gradient differ by trait type in an alpine plant. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pieter A. Arnold
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Shuo Wang
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866 China
| | - Alexandra A. Catling
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Loeske E. B. Kruuk
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FL UK
| | - Adrienne B. Nicotra
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
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48
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Renzi JP, Coyne CJ, Berger J, von Wettberg E, Nelson M, Ureta S, Hernández F, Smýkal P, Brus J. How Could the Use of Crop Wild Relatives in Breeding Increase the Adaptation of Crops to Marginal Environments? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:886162. [PMID: 35783966 PMCID: PMC9243378 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.886162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Alongside the use of fertilizer and chemical control of weeds, pests, and diseases modern breeding has been very successful in generating cultivars that have increased agricultural production several fold in favorable environments. These typically homogeneous cultivars (either homozygous inbreds or hybrids derived from inbred parents) are bred under optimal field conditions and perform well when there is sufficient water and nutrients. However, such optimal conditions are rare globally; indeed, a large proportion of arable land could be considered marginal for agricultural production. Marginal agricultural land typically has poor fertility and/or shallow soil depth, is subject to soil erosion, and often occurs in semi-arid or saline environments. Moreover, these marginal environments are expected to expand with ongoing climate change and progressive degradation of soil and water resources globally. Crop wild relatives (CWRs), most often used in breeding as sources of biotic resistance, often also possess traits adapting them to marginal environments. Wild progenitors have been selected over the course of their evolutionary history to maintain their fitness under a diverse range of stresses. Conversely, modern breeding for broad adaptation has reduced genetic diversity and increased genetic vulnerability to biotic and abiotic challenges. There is potential to exploit genetic heterogeneity, as opposed to genetic uniformity, in breeding for the utilization of marginal lands. This review discusses the adaptive traits that could improve the performance of cultivars in marginal environments and breeding strategies to deploy them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Renzi
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hilario Ascasubi, Argentina
- CERZOS, Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional del Sur (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | | | - Jens Berger
- Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Wembley, WA, Australia
| | - Eric von Wettberg
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Matthew Nelson
- Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Wembley, WA, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Soledad Ureta
- CERZOS, Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional del Sur (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Fernando Hernández
- CERZOS, Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional del Sur (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Petr Smýkal
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jan Brus
- Department of Geoinformatics, Faculty of Sciences, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
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Bhatt A, Daibes LF, Gallacher DJ, Jarma-Orozco A, Pompelli MF. Water Stress Inhibits Germination While Maintaining Embryo Viability of Subtropical Wetland Seeds: A Functional Approach With Phylogenetic Contrasts. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:906771. [PMID: 35712590 PMCID: PMC9194686 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.906771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wetland species commonly exhibit a range of strategies to cope with water stress, either through drought tolerance or through avoidance of the period of limited water availability. Natural populations provide a genetic resource for ecological remediation and may also have direct economic value. We investigated the effects of drought stress on the seed germination of wetland species. Nineteen species were germinated in four concentrations of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) and were evaluated daily (12-h light photoperiod) or after 35 days (continuous darkness) to determine seed germination under water stress. Germination percentage decreased with an increase in polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) concentration, but species' germination response to PEG concentration varied significantly. Seeds recovered their germinability after the alleviation of water stress, but the extent of recovery was species-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Bhatt
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, China
| | - L. Felipe Daibes
- Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - David J. Gallacher
- Northern Western Australia and Northern Territory Drought Hub, Charles Darwin University, Sydney, NT, Australia
| | - Alfredo Jarma-Orozco
- Grupo Regional de Investigación Participativa de los Pequeños Productores de la Costa Atlantica, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Colombia
| | - Marcelo F. Pompelli
- Grupo Regional de Investigación Participativa de los Pequeños Productores de la Costa Atlantica, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Colombia
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50
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Pothasin P, Paradis E, Brockelman WY, Nathalang A, Khemrugka T, Lomwong N, Thripob P, Saenprasert R, Chanthorn W. Seed Size Variation of Trees and Lianas in a Tropical Forest of Southeast Asia: Allometry, Phylogeny, and Seed Trait - Plant Functional Trait Relationships. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:852167. [PMID: 35668813 PMCID: PMC9165448 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.852167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Seed size is a key trait for understanding and predicting ecological processes in a plant community. In a tropical forest, trees and lianas are major components driving ecosystem function and biogeochemical processes. However, seed ecological research on both components remains limited, particularly phylogenetic patterns and relationships with other traits. Here, we compiled a unique dataset of seed size (seed mass and geometrical size metrics) based on collections of more than 5,200 seeds of 196 woody plant species, covering >98 and 70% of tree and liana stems, respectively, located on a 30-ha plot in a tropical evergreen forest in central Thailand. We aimed to (1) develop allometric equations among seed size metrics to predict seed mass; (2) examine phylogenetic influence on seed size variation; and (3) examine relationships among seed traits and several other functional plant traits. Our allometric equations relating seed mass, seed volume, and width were well-fitted with data (R 2 = 0.94, 0.87 respectively). A phylogenetic signal test found that seed size was randomly distributed across the phylogeny. To study the functional trait relationships, we separately tested seed size data of the tree and liana communities (146 and 50 species, respectively), against mean body size of frugivores, successional niches, leaf, and structural traits. For the tree community, seed size was significantly related to mean body size of frugivores, which we believe is a basic driver of seed size because it is related to the gape width affecting dispersal effectiveness. Nearly all leaf traits were significantly positively correlated with seed size (p < 0.03). The significant positive correlation of leaf area and greenness suggested the high-energy demand of large-seeded species. We found a strong positive correlation between seed size and leaf toughness, suggesting a coordination between seed size and leaf defense. However, all these patterns disappeared in the same analysis applied to the liana community. Liana seed size variation was lower than that of trees, perhaps because lianas grow in relatively more uniform conditions in the forest canopy. Frugivore size was the strongest driver of seed size variation. Our study shows a surprising contrast between trees and lianas that is worth further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornwiwan Pothasin
- Department of Environment Technology and Management, Faculty of Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Conservation Biology Program, School of Interdisciplinary, Mahidol University, Kanchanaburi Campus, Kanchanaburi, Thailand
| | | | - Warren Y. Brockelman
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Anuttara Nathalang
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Thantiyapawn Khemrugka
- Department of Environment Technology and Management, Faculty of Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Noppawan Lomwong
- Department of Environment Technology and Management, Faculty of Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patcharaphan Thripob
- Department of Environment Technology and Management, Faculty of Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rampai Saenprasert
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Wirong Chanthorn
- Department of Environment Technology and Management, Faculty of Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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