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Boh J, Šuligoj E, Mankoč Ramuš S, Petrovič D. The ABCA1 gene polymorphisms rs1800977 and rs2230806 are differentially associated with the risk for myocardial infarction in Slovenian subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Gene 2024; 927:148705. [PMID: 38901534 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is closely linked to various aspects of the regulation of whole-body cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerosis formation. The object of the study was to investigate the association between rs1800977 and rs2230806 polymorphisms in the ABCA1 gene and myocardial infarction (MI) in Slovenian subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS 1590 T2DM patients (484 subjects with MI and 1106 controls) were included in this retrospective cross-sectional case-control study. After genotyping, Pearson χ2 test was used to compare the distribution of genotypes and alleles among the two groups. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for several risk factors for MI was performed. RESULTS Genotype distribution showed significant association with MI in T2DM subjects for both selected polymorphisms in ABCA1 gene (p = 0.009 for rs2230806 and p = 0.042 for rs1800977). After applying corrections for confounding variables like age, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, serum high-density lipoprotein levels, gender and smoking several genetic models still showed significant associations with MI (dominant model for rs2230806 and dominant, overdominant and co-dominant for rs1800977). CONCLUSION Our study showed that presence of the T allele of the rs2230806 ABCA1 gene is associated with higher risk of MI, while the A allele of the rs1800977 conferred protection against MI in Slovenian T2DM subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Boh
- Department of Cardiology, Izola General Hospital, Polje 40, 6310 Izola, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Ema Šuligoj
- Laboratory for Histology and Genetics of Atherosclerosis and Microvascular Diseases, Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Sara Mankoč Ramuš
- International Center for Cardiovascular Diseases MC Medicor, Polje 40, 6310 Izola, Slovenia.
| | - Daniel Petrovič
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Zhabin S, Lazarenko V, Azarova I, Klyosova E, Bashkatov D, Kononov S, Dolgintsev M, Churnosov M, Solodilova M, Polonikov A. The Promoter Polymorphism rs3918226 of the Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene as a Novel Susceptibility Marker for Peripheral Artery Disease. Ann Vasc Surg 2024; 108:557-563. [PMID: 39025213 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2024.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This pilot study aimed to investigate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3918226 in the promoter of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) gene and the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD). METHODS DNA samples from 1,263 unrelated subjects of Slavic origin, including 620 patients with PAD and 643 controls, were genotyped for the SNP rs3918226 using the MassArray-4 system. RESULTS The rs3918226 polymorphism was found to be strongly associated with an increased risk of PAD regardless of coronary artery disease, hypertension, or cigarette smoking (odds ratio [OR] = 2.86; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.89-4.32; Pperm < 0.0001). The SNP-PAD association was almost 3 times stronger in females (OR = 8.31; 95% CI 3.07-22.48) than in males (OR = 1.79; 95% CI 1.10-2.93). SNP rs3918226 was correlated with ankle-brachial index and total plasma cholesterol in patients with PAD (Рperm < 0.05). The NOS3 polymorphism was closely associated with SNPs rs7692387 and rs13139571 in guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-3 (GUCY1A3) to determine the risk of PAD, suggesting that the rs3918226 polymorphism may disrupt signaling in the NO-soluble guanylyl cyclase pathway. Diplotypes with wild-type alleles, such as NOS3 rs3918226-C/C×GUCY1A1 rs7692387G/G and NOS3 rs3918226-C/C×GUCY1A1 rs13139571C/C, showed strong protection against disease risk (false discovery rate ≤ 0.001). Functional SNP annotation revealed that the allele rs3918226-T was associated with decreased expression of NOS3, most strongly in the tibial arteries than in the coronary artery or aorta. CONCLUSIONS The present study is the first to show that the rs3918226 polymorphism of NOS3 is a novel susceptibility marker for PAD. Further research in independent populations is necessary to reproduce the association between polymorphism rs3918226 and disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Zhabin
- Department of Surgical Diseases №1, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
| | - Victor Lazarenko
- Department of Surgical Diseases of Institute of Continuing Education, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
| | - Iulia Azarova
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia; Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
| | - Elena Klyosova
- Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia; Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
| | - Daniil Bashkatov
- Department of Faculty Surgery With Courses in Laparoscopic and Cardiovascular Surgery and Clinic, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stanislav Kononov
- Department of Internal Medicine №2, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
| | - Maxim Dolgintsev
- Department of Pathophysiology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
| | - Mikhail Churnosov
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - Maria Solodilova
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
| | - Alexey Polonikov
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia; Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Bioinformatics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia.
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Porsch F, Binder CJ. Autoimmune diseases and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:780-807. [PMID: 38937626 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are associated with a dramatically increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and its clinical manifestations. The increased risk is consistent with the notion that atherogenesis is modulated by both protective and disease-promoting immune mechanisms. Notably, traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidaemia and hypertension alone do not explain the increased risk of cardiovascular disease associated with autoimmune diseases. Several mechanisms have been implicated in mediating the autoimmunity-associated cardiovascular risk, either directly or by modulating the effect of other risk factors in a complex interplay. Aberrant leukocyte function and pro-inflammatory cytokines are central to both disease entities, resulting in vascular dysfunction, impaired resolution of inflammation and promotion of chronic inflammation. Similarly, loss of tolerance to self-antigens and the generation of autoantibodies are key features of autoimmunity but are also implicated in the maladaptive inflammatory response during atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Therefore, immunomodulatory therapies are potential efficacious interventions to directly reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and biomarkers of autoimmune disease activity could be relevant tools to stratify patients with autoimmunity according to their cardiovascular risk. In this Review, we discuss the pathophysiological aspects of the increased cardiovascular risk associated with autoimmunity and highlight the many open questions that need to be answered to develop novel therapies that specifically address this unmet clinical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentina Porsch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph J Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Lorca R, Aparicio A, Gutiérrez L, Álvarez-Velasco R, González-Urbistondo F, Pascual I, Gómez J, Vazquez-Coto D, Garcia-Lago C, Avanzas P, Coto E. PCSK9 gene variations in the clinical setting of premature cardiovascular disease: A critical appraisal. Int J Cardiol 2024; 413:132402. [PMID: 39074621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Information about PCSK9 gene variations and its association with cardiovascular (CV) disease is controversial. We aimed to evaluate 3 reported polymorphisms in PSCK9 in a cohort of young patients with myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation (STEMI). METHODS Retrospective study of consecutive patients with premature STEMI (2018-2023). 216 patients with STEMI due atherothrombotic coronary artery disease (CAD), confirmed by coronary angiogram, were included. We genotyped 3 polymorphisms in PCSK9 (rs12117661, rs2483205, rs505151) in 207 patients (DNA unavailable in 9) and a control group (N = 200). RESULTS Mean age 49.4 ± 6,6 years (82.4% men). Genotypes frequencies distribution in patient's and control's cohorts did not deviate from the expected by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and there were no significant differences between patients and controls. Among patients, we did not find any association between PSCK9 genotypes and clinical variables (gender, age, CV risk factors, cholesterol levels, family history of premature CAD or number of coronary arteries affected). CONCLUSION We did not find any association between PSCK9 genotypes (RS12117661, RS2483205 and RS505151) and any CV risk factors or the extent of CAD in a cohort of patients with premature STEMI. There were not differences in the genotype distribution between patients and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Lorca
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Universidad de Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain; Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Área del Corazón y Departamento de Genética Molecular, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORs), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Andrea Aparicio
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Luis Gutiérrez
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rut Álvarez-Velasco
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Francisco González-Urbistondo
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Isaac Pascual
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan Gómez
- Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Área del Corazón y Departamento de Genética Molecular, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORs), 28029 Madrid, Spain; CIBER-Enfermedades Respiratorias, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Vazquez-Coto
- Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Área del Corazón y Departamento de Genética Molecular, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Claudia Garcia-Lago
- Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Área del Corazón y Departamento de Genética Molecular, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pablo Avanzas
- Área del Corazón, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eliecer Coto
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, ISPA, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Área del Corazón y Departamento de Genética Molecular, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORs), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain; CIBER-Enfermedades Respiratorias, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Li J, Wei J, Fu P, Gu J. Identification of novel proteins for coronary artery disease by integrating GWAS data and human plasma proteomes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e38036. [PMID: 39386869 PMCID: PMC11462259 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Most coronary artery disease (CAD) risk loci identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are located in non-coding regions, hampering the interpretation of how they confer CAD risk. It is essential to integrate GWAS with molecular traits data to further explore the genetic basis of CAD. Methods We used the probabilistic Mendelian randomization (PMR) method to identify potential proteins involved in CAD by integrating CAD GWAS data (∼76,014 cases and ∼264,785 controls) and human plasma proteomes (N = 35,559). Then, Bayesian co-localization analysis, confirmatory PMR analysis using independent plasma proteome data (N = 7752), and gene expression data (N1 = 213, N2 = 670) were performed to validate candidate proteins. We further investigated the associations between candidate proteins and CAD-related traits and explored the rationality and biological functions of candidate proteins through disease enrichment, cell type-specific, GO, and KEGG enrichment analysis. Results This study inferred that the abundance of 30 proteins in the plasma was causally associated with CAD (P < 0.05/4408, Bonferroni correction), such as PLG, IL15RA, and CSNK2A1. PLG, PSCK9, COLEC11, ZNF180, ERP29, TCP1, FN1, CDH5, IL15RA, MGAT4B, TNFRSF6B, DNM2, and TGF1R were replicated in the confirmatory PMR (P < 0.05). PCSK9 (PP.H4 = 0.99), APOB (PP.H4 = 0.89), FN1 (PP.H4 = 0.87), and APOC1 (PP.H4 = 0.78) coding proteins shared one common variant with CAD. MTAP, TCP1, APOC2, ERP29, MORF4L1, C19orf80, PCSK9, APOC1, EPOR, DNM2, TNFRSF6B, CDKN2B, and LDLR were supported by PMR at the transcriptome level in whole blood and/or coronary arteries (P < 0.05). Enrichment analysis identified multiple pathways involved in cholesterol metabolism, regulation of lipoprotein levels and telomerase, such as cholesterol metabolism (hsa04979, P = 2.25E-7), plasma lipoprotein particle clearance (GO:0034381, P = 5.47E-5), and regulation of telomerase activity (GO:0051972, P = 2.34E-3). Conclusions Our integration analysis has identified 30 candidate proteins for CAD, which may provide important leads to design future functional studies and potential drug targets for CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqing Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jiate Wei
- Office of Hospital Management Research, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jianhua Gu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
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6
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Chen X, Cheng S, Huang L, Chen X, Jin N, Hong J, Zhao X, Rong J. Serum uric acid, body mass index, and cardiovascular diseases: A multiple two-step Mendelian randomization study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:2386-2394. [PMID: 39097442 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A number of health issues, including high serum uric acid (SUA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), have been linked to obesity based on observational evidence, though it's currently unclear how these issues are causally related. In order to determine whether obesity mediates this association, we set out to investigate the causal relationship between SUA, obesity, and CVD. METHODS AND RESULTS From publicly available genome-wide association studies, we acquired instrumental variables that had a strong correlation to SUA and body mass index (BMI). We employed multiple two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, using genetic and clinical data from various publicly available biological databases. The mediating role of BMI was examined through mediation analysis. SUA was genetically correlated with BMI [OR = 1.080, 95% CI: 1.024-1.139, P = 0.005]. There was a positive causal effect of SUA on AF [OR = 0.892, 95% CI: 0.804-0.990, P = 0.032], CAD [OR = 0.942, 95% CI: 0.890-0.997, P = 0.037], and EHT [OR = 1.080, 95% CI: 1.024-1.139, P = 0.005]. Among them, BMI mediated the effects of SUA on AF (42.2%; 95% CI, 35.3%-51.9%), CAD (76.3%; 95% CI, 63.4%-92.0%), and EHT (10.0%; 95% CI, 0%-20.0%). CONCLUSION Our research revealed a causal relationship between high SUA exposure and an increased risk of obesity. Additionally, a high SUA level was linked to an increased risk of various CVDs. Given that individuals with high SUA are more likely to be susceptible to AF, CAD, and EHT, attention must be given to their weight status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Chen
- Department of Nursing, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyuan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Ji'Nan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Qianwan New District, Ningbo 315300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xudong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Qianwan New District, Ningbo 315300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nake Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Qianwan New District, Ningbo 315300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Qianwan New District, Ningbo 315300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuechen Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Qianwan New District, Ningbo 315300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiacheng Rong
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Qianwan New District, Ningbo 315300, Zhejiang, China.
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Lind L, Mazidi M, Clarke R, Bennett DA, Zheng R. Measured and genetically predicted protein levels and cardiovascular diseases in UK Biobank and China Kadoorie Biobank. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:1189-1198. [PMID: 39322770 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Several large-scale studies have measured plasma levels of the proteome in individuals with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)1-7. However, since the majority of such proteins are interrelated2, it is difficult for observational studies to distinguish which proteins are likely to be of etiological relevance. Here we evaluate whether plasma levels of 2,919 proteins measured in 52,164 UK Biobank participants are associated with incident myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke or heart failure. Of those proteins, 126 were associated with all three CVD outcomes and 118 were associated with at least one CVD in the China Kadoorie Biobank. Mendelian randomization and colocalization analyses indicated that genetically determined levels of 47 and 18 proteins, respectively, were associated with CVDs, including FGF5, PROCR and FURIN. While the majority of protein-CVD observational associations were noncausal, these three proteins showed evidence to support potential causality and are therefore promising targets for drug treatment for CVD outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mohsen Mazidi
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robert Clarke
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Derrick A Bennett
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Grilo LF, Zimmerman KD, Puppala S, Chan J, Huber HF, Li G, Jadhav AYL, Wang B, Li C, Clarke GD, Register TC, Oliveira PJ, Nathanielsz PW, Olivier M, Pereira SP, Cox LA. Cardiac Molecular Analysis Reveals Aging-Associated Metabolic Alterations Promoting Glycosaminoglycans Accumulation via Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309211. [PMID: 39119859 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Age is a prominent risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, often leading to heart structural and functional changes. However, precise molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac remodeling and dysfunction exclusively resulting from physiological aging remain elusive. Previous research demonstrated age-related functional alterations in baboons, analogous to humans. The goal of this study is to identify early cardiac molecular alterations preceding functional adaptations, shedding light on the regulation of age-associated changes. Unbiased transcriptomics of left ventricle samples are performed from female baboons aged 7.5-22.1 years (human equivalent ≈30-88 years). Weighted-gene correlation network and pathway enrichment analyses are performed, with histological validation. Modules of transcripts negatively correlated with age implicated declined metabolism-oxidative phosphorylation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis, and fatty-acid β-oxidation. Transcripts positively correlated with age suggested a metabolic shift toward glucose-dependent anabolic pathways, including hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). This shift is associated with increased glycosaminoglycan synthesis, modification, precursor synthesis via HBP, and extracellular matrix accumulation, verified histologically. Upregulated extracellular matrix-induced signaling coincided with glycosaminoglycan accumulation, followed by cardiac hypertrophy-related pathways. Overall, these findings revealed a transcriptional shift in metabolism favoring glycosaminoglycan accumulation through HBP before cardiac hypertrophy. Unveiling this metabolic shift provides potential targets for age-related cardiac diseases, offering novel insights into early age-related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís F Grilo
- CNC-UC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3060, Portugal
- CIBB, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3060, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, PDBEB - Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3060, Portugal
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Kip D Zimmerman
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Sobha Puppala
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Jeannie Chan
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Hillary F Huber
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA
| | - Ge Li
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Avinash Y L Jadhav
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Benlian Wang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Cun Li
- Texas Pregnancy & Life-Course Health Research Center, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Geoffrey D Clarke
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Thomas C Register
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-UC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3060, Portugal
- CIBB, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3060, Portugal
| | - Peter W Nathanielsz
- Texas Pregnancy & Life-Course Health Research Center, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Michael Olivier
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Susana P Pereira
- CNC-UC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3060, Portugal
- CIBB, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3060, Portugal
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, 4050, Portugal
| | - Laura A Cox
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78245, USA
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
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Ma Y, Li D, Cui F, Wang J, Tang L, Yang Y, Liu R, Xie J, Tian Y. Exposure to Air Pollutants and Myocardial Infarction Incidence: A UK Biobank Study Exploring Gene-Environment Interaction. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:107002. [PMID: 39388260 PMCID: PMC11466320 DOI: 10.1289/ehp14291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unraveling gene-environment interaction can provide a novel insight into early disease prevention. Nevertheless, current understanding of the interplay between genetic predisposition and air pollution in relation to myocardial infarction (MI) risk remains limited. Furthermore, the potential long-term influence of air pollutants on MI incidence risk warrants more conclusive evidence in a community population. OBJECTIVE We investigated interactions between genetic predisposition and exposure to air pollutants on MI incidence. METHODS This study incorporated a sample of 456,354 UK Biobank participants and annual mean air pollution (PM 2.5 , PM 10 , NO 2 , and NO x ) from the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (2006-2021). The Cox proportional hazards model was employed to explore MI incidence after chronic air pollutants exposure. By quantifying genetic risk through the calculation of polygenic risk score (PRS), this study further examined the interactions between genetic risk and exposure to air pollutants in the development of MI on both additive and multiplicative scales. RESULTS Among 456,354 participants, 9,114 incident MI events were observed during a median follow-up of 12.08 y. Chronic exposure to air pollutants was linked with an increased risk of MI occurrence. Specifically, the hazard ratios (per interquartile range) were 1.12 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.13) for PM 2.5 , 1.20 (95% CI: 1.19, 1.22) for PM 10 , 1.13 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.15) for NO 2 , and 1.12 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.13) for NO x . In terms of the joint effects, participants with high PRS and high level of air pollution exposure exhibited the greatest risk of MI among all study participants (∼ 255 % to 324%). Remarkably, both multiplicative and additive interactions were detected in the ambient air pollutants exposure and genetic risk on the incidence of MI. DISCUSSION There were interactions between exposure to ambient air pollutants and genetic susceptibility on the risk of MI onset. Moreover, the joint effects of these two exposures were greater than the effect of each factor alone. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP14291.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudiyang Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dankang Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feipeng Cui
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Linxi Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingping Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Run Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junqing Xie
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine and National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre Oxford, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yaohua Tian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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10
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Sherafati A, Norland K, Naderian M, Schaid DJ, Kullo IJ. Polygenic Risk and Coronary Artery Disease Severity. CIRCULATION. GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2024; 17:e004470. [PMID: 39114909 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.123.004470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary atherosclerotic burden and adverse coronary heart disease events are related phenotypes with likely shared genetic cause. METHODS We analyzed 6021 patients with available coronary angiography, genotyping, and exome sequencing data. We tested for associations of polygenic risk scores for coronary heart disease (PRSCHD) with multiple measures of coronary artery disease (CAD) severity. We assessed the joint associations of PRSCHD and pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in 3 familial hypercholesterolemia genes, with CAD severity. We performed mediation analyses to explore whether CAD severity mediated the association of PRSCHD with prevalent coronary heart disease and incident myocardial infarction. RESULTS A 1-SD increase in PRSCHD was associated with multiple measures of CAD severity, including the log Gensini score (β, 0.31 [95% CI, 0.28-0.33]). Carrying a pathogenic/likely pathogenic familial hypercholesterolemia variant was associated with a higher log Gensini score after adjustment for PRSCHD (β, 0.21 [95% CI, 0.03-0.38]). A 1-SD increase in PRSCHD was associated with incident myocardial infarction over a mean follow-up of 9.2 years (hazard ratio, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.13-1.27]; P=5×10-10), and the Gensini score mediated 90% of this association. CONCLUSIONS PRSCHD was associated with multiple measures of CAD severity. The association of PRSCHD with incident myocardial infarction was almost fully mediated by CAD severity, indicating a considerable genetic overlap between the 2 phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alborz Sherafati
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (A.S., K.N., M.N., I.J.K.)
| | - Kristjan Norland
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (A.S., K.N., M.N., I.J.K.)
| | | | | | - Iftikhar J Kullo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (A.S., K.N., M.N., I.J.K.)
- Gonda Vascular Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (I.J.K.)
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11
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Li M, Hao X, Shi D, Cheng S, Zhong Z, Cai L, Jiang M, Ding L, Ding L, Wang C, Yu X. Identification of susceptibility loci and relevant cell type for IgA nephropathy in Han Chinese by integrative genome-wide analysis. Front Med 2024:10.1007/s11684-024-1086-2. [PMID: 39343836 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-024-1086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Although many susceptibility loci for IgA nephropathy (IgAN) have been identified, they only account for 11.0% of the overall IgAN variance. We performed a large genome-wide meta-analysis of IgAN in Han Chinese with 3616 cases and 10 417 controls to identify additional genetic loci of IgAN. Considering that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and asthma might share an etiology of dysregulated mucosal immunity with IgAN, we performed cross-trait integrative analysis by leveraging functional annotations of relevant cell type and the pleiotropic information from IBD and asthma. Among 8 669 456 imputed variants, we identified a novel locus at 4p14 containing the long noncoding RNA LOC101060498. Cell type enrichment analysis based on annotations suggested that PMA-I-stimulated CD4+CD25-IL17+ Th17 cell was the most relevant cell type for IgAN, which highlights the essential role of Th17 pathway in the pathogenesis of IgAN. Furthermore, we identified six more novel loci associated with IgAN, which included three loci showing pleiotropic effects with IBD or asthma (2q35/PNKD, 6q25.2/SCAF8, and 22q11.21/UBE2L3) and three loci specific to IgAN (14q32.32/TRAF3, 16q22.2/TXNL4B, and 21q21.3/LINC00113) in the pleiotropic analysis. Our findings support the involvement of mucosal immunity, especially T cell immune response and IL-17 signal pathway, in the development of IgAN and shed light on further investigation of IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xingjie Hao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dianchun Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University), and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University), and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Minghui Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lin Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lanbo Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Xueqing Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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12
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Imai Y, Kusano K, Aiba T, Ako J, Asano Y, Harada-Shiba M, Kataoka M, Kosho T, Kubo T, Matsumura T, Minamino T, Minatoya K, Morita H, Nishigaki M, Nomura S, Ogino H, Ohno S, Takamura M, Tanaka T, Tsujita K, Uchida T, Yamagishi H, Ebana Y, Fujita K, Ida K, Inoue S, Ito K, Kuramoto Y, Maeda J, Matsunaga K, Neki R, Sugiura K, Tada H, Tsuji A, Yamada T, Yamaguchi T, Yamamoto E, Kimura A, Kuwahara K, Maemura K, Minamino T, Morisaki H, Tokunaga K. JCS/JCC/JSPCCS 2024 Guideline on Genetic Testing and Counseling in Cardiovascular Disease. Circ J 2024:CJ-23-0926. [PMID: 39343605 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-23-0926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Imai
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jichi Medical University
| | - Kengo Kusano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Takeshi Aiba
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Junya Ako
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine
| | - Yoshihiro Asano
- Department of Genomic Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | | | - Masaharu Kataoka
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health
| | - Tomoki Kosho
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine
| | - Toru Kubo
- Department of Cardiology and Geriatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University
| | - Takayoshi Matsumura
- Division of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University
| | - Tetsuo Minamino
- Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
| | - Kenji Minatoya
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Masakazu Nishigaki
- Department of Genetic Counseling, International University of Health and Welfare
| | - Seitaro Nomura
- Department of Frontier Cardiovascular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | | | - Seiko Ohno
- Medical Genome Center, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Masayuki Takamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Toshihiro Tanaka
- Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Tetsuro Uchida
- Department of Surgery II (Division of Cardiovascular, Thoracic and Pediatric Surgery), Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine
| | | | - Yusuke Ebana
- Life Science and Bioethics Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital
| | - Kanna Fujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital
- Department of Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Kazufumi Ida
- Division of Counseling for Medical Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Shunsuke Inoue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital
| | - Kaoru Ito
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genomics and Informatics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences
| | - Yuki Kuramoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Jun Maeda
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center
| | - Keiji Matsunaga
- Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
| | - Reiko Neki
- Division of Counseling for Medical Genetics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Kenta Sugiura
- Department of Cardiology and Geriatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University
| | - Hayato Tada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Akihiro Tsuji
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | | | | | | | - Akinori Kimura
- Institutional Research Office, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Koichiro Kuwahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine
| | - Koji Maemura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Katsushi Tokunaga
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
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13
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Kerns S, Owen KA, Daamen A, Kain J, Grammer AC, Lipsky PE. Genetic association with autoimmune diseases identifies molecular mechanisms of coronary artery disease. iScience 2024; 27:110715. [PMID: 39262791 PMCID: PMC11387803 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune patients have a significantly increased risk of developing coronary artery disease (CAD) compared to the general population. However, autoimmune patients often lack traditional risk factors for CAD and there is increasing recognition of inflammation in CAD development. In this study, we leveraged genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to understand whether there is a genetic relationship between CAD and autoimmunity. Statistical genetic comparison methods were used to identify correlated and causal SNPs between various autoimmune diseases and CAD. Pleiotropic SNPs were identified by cross-phenotype association analysis (CPASSOC) and overlap between GWAS. Causal SNPs were identified using Mendelian Randomization (MR) and Colocalization (COLOC). Using SNP-to-gene mapping, we additionally identified pleiotropic and causal genes and pathways associated between autoimmunity and CAD, which were contextualized by documentation of enrichment in individual cell types identified from coronary atherosclerotic plaques by single-cell RNA sequencing. These results provide insight into potential inflammatory therapeutic targets for CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Kerns
- AMPEL Biosolutions, LLC, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- The RILITE Research Institute, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Katherine A Owen
- AMPEL Biosolutions, LLC, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- The RILITE Research Institute, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Andrea Daamen
- AMPEL Biosolutions, LLC, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- The RILITE Research Institute, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Jessica Kain
- AMPEL Biosolutions, LLC, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- The RILITE Research Institute, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Stanford University Department of Genetics, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Amrie C Grammer
- AMPEL Biosolutions, LLC, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- The RILITE Research Institute, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Peter E Lipsky
- AMPEL Biosolutions, LLC, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- The RILITE Research Institute, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
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14
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Shivakumar S, Wilken MB, Tsao V, Bitarello BD, Thom CS. Genetically influenced tobacco and alcohol use behaviors impact erythroid trait variation. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0309608. [PMID: 39236005 PMCID: PMC11376579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Genome wide association studies (GWAS) have associated thousands of loci with quantitative human blood trait variation. Loci and related genes that impact blood trait variation may regulate blood cell-intrinsic biological processes, or alternatively impact blood cell development and function via systemic factors. Clinical observations have linked tobacco or alcohol use with altered blood traits, but these trait relationships have not been systematically explored at the genetic level. Applying a Mendelian randomization (MR) framework to GWAS summary statistics, we explore relationships between smoking and drinking behaviors with 15 quantitative blood traits. We find that the effects of smoking and drinking are confined to red blood cell traits. An instrumental variable (IV) comprised of 113 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with smoking initiation is associated with decreased hemoglobin (HGB: Effect = -0.07 standard deviation units [95% confidence interval = -0.03 to -0.10 SD units], P = 1x10-4), hematocrit (HCT: Effect = -0.06 [-0.03 - -0.09] SD units, P = 4x10-4), and red blood cell count (RBC: Effect = -0.05 [-0.02 - -0.09] SD units, P = 5x10-3) without impacting platelet count (P = 0.9) or white blood cell count (P = 0.6). Similarly, an IV associated with an increased number of alcoholic drinks consumed per week is associated with decreased HGB (Effect = -0.22 [-0.42 - -0.02] SD units, P = 3x10-2) and RBC (Effect = -0.27 [-0.51 - -0.03] SD units, P = 3x10-2). Using multivariable MR and causal mediation analyses, we find that an increased genetic predisposition to smoking initiation is associated with increased alcohol intake, and that alcohol use mediates the genetic effect of smoking initiation on red blood cell traits. These findings demonstrate a novel role for genetically influenced behaviors on human blood traits, revealing opportunities to dissect related pathways and mechanisms that influence hematopoiesis and blood cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shriya Shivakumar
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Biology Department, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, PA, United States of America
| | - Madison B Wilken
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Victor Tsao
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Bárbara D Bitarello
- Biology Department, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, PA, United States of America
| | - Christopher S Thom
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
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15
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Salah A, Bouzid F, Dhouib W, Benmarzoug R, Triki N, Rebai A, Kharrat N. Integrative Bioinformatics Approaches to Uncover Hub Genes and Pathways Involved in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:2107-2127. [PMID: 38809349 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent a significant global health challenge resulting from a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. However, the molecular pathways and genetic factors involved in the onset and progression of CVDs remain incompletely understood. Here, we performed an integrative bioinformatic analysis to highlight specific genes and signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of 80 CVDs. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through the integrated analysis of microarray and GWAS datasets. Then, hub genes were identified after gene ontology functional annotation analysis and protein-protein internet (PPI) analysis. In addition, pathways were identified through KEGG and gene ontology enrichment analyses. A total of 821 hub genes related to 80 CVDs were identified, including 135 common and frequent CVD-associated genes. TNF, IL6, VEGFA, and TGFB.1 genes were the central core genes expressed in 50% or more of CVDs, confirming that the inflammation is a key pathological feature of CVDs. Analysis of hub genes by KEGG enrichment revealed predominant enrichment in 201 KEGG pathways, of which the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications was identified as the common key KEGG implicated in 62 CVDs. In addition, the outcomes showed an overrepresentation in pathways categorized under human diseases, particularly in the subcategories of infectious diseases and cancers, which may be common risk factors for CVDs. In conclusion, this powerful approach for in silico fine-mapping of genes and pathways allowed the identification of determinant hubs genes and pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of CVDs which could be employed in developing more targeted and effective interventions for preventing, diagnosing, and treating CVDs. The function of these hub genes in CVDs needs further exploration to elucidate their biological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awatef Salah
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Fériel Bouzid
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Wala Dhouib
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Benmarzoug
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nesrine Triki
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Rebai
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Najla Kharrat
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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16
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Wu H, Wei J, Chen W, Chen L, Zhang J, Wang N, Wang S, Tan X. Leisure Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activities, and Cardiovascular Disease Among Individuals With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:e227-e237. [PMID: 39087351 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.321214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study assesses the association between leisure-time physical activity, sedentary behavior, and CVD risk among patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, considering genetic predisposition to CVD. METHODS This cohort study included 157 794 participants with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease from the UK Biobank who were free of CVD at baseline. The study measured leisure-time sedentary behaviors (watching TV, using a computer, and driving) and physical activities (walking for pleasure, light and heavy do-it-yourself activities, strenuous sports, and other exercises) in terms of frequency and duration over the 4 weeks before assessment. Both a Cox proportional hazard model and an isotemporal substitution model were utilized in the study to assess the association between leisure sedentary behavior, physical activities, and CVD risk. RESULTS During a median 12.5 years of follow-up, 26 355 CVD cases were reported, including 19 746 coronary heart disease, 4836 stroke, and 7398 heart failure cases. High physical activity levels were linked to a significantly lower risk of CVD (21%), coronary heart disease (20%), stroke (15%), and heart failure (31%). In contrast, individuals with >6.5 h/d of sedentary behavior faced a 16% to 21% higher risk of these conditions compared with those with ≤3.5 h/d. Notably, replacing 30 minutes of inactivity with physical activity reduced CVD risks by 3% to 16%, particularly with strenuous sports. A significant interaction was observed between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and genetic predisposition in relation to stroke risk. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, higher leisure-time physical activity levels correlate with reduced CVD risks, while increased sedentary behavior is linked to higher CVD risks. Replacing sedentary time with physical activity consistently shows benefits in reducing CVD outcomes, irrespective of genetic predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhang Wu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, Zhejiang University School of Public Health and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (H.W., J.W., S.W., X.T.), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China (H.W., J.W., S.W., X.T.)
| | - Jiahe Wei
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, Zhejiang University School of Public Health and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (H.W., J.W., S.W., X.T.), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China (H.W., J.W., S.W., X.T.)
| | - Wenjuan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (W.C.), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (L.C.)
| | - Jihui Zhang
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (J.Z.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (J.Z.)
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China (N.W.)
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, Zhejiang University School of Public Health and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (H.W., J.W., S.W., X.T.), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China (H.W., J.W., S.W., X.T.)
| | - Xiao Tan
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, Zhejiang University School of Public Health and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (H.W., J.W., S.W., X.T.), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China (H.W., J.W., S.W., X.T.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (X.T.)
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Zhang L, Feng Q, Kong W. ECM Microenvironment in Vascular Homeostasis: New Targets for Atherosclerosis. Physiology (Bethesda) 2024; 39:0. [PMID: 38984789 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00028.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Alterations in vascular extracellular matrix (ECM) components, interactions, and mechanical properties influence both the formation and stability of atherosclerotic plaques. This review discusses the contribution of the ECM microenvironment in vascular homeostasis and remodeling in atherosclerosis, highlighting Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and its degrading enzyme ADAMTS7 as examples, and proposes potential avenues for future research aimed at identifying novel therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis based on the ECM microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qianqian Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
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18
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Du K, Li A, Zhang CY, Li SM, Chen P. Repurposing antihypertensive drugs for pain disorders: a drug-target mendelian randomization study. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1448319. [PMID: 39268473 PMCID: PMC11390634 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1448319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Addressing the rising prevalence of pain disorders and limitations of current analgesics, our study explores repurposing antihypertensive drugs for pain management, inspired by the link between hypertension and pain. We leverage a drug-target Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach to explore their dual benefits and establish causal connections. Methods A comprehensive compilation of antihypertensive drug classes was undertaken through British National Formulary, with their target genes identified using the DrugBank database. Relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with these targets were selected from published genomic studies on systolic blood pressure (SBP) as genetic instruments. These SNPs were validated through MR against acute coronary artery disease (CAD) to ensure genes not linked to CAD were excluded from acting as proxies for antihypertensive drugs. An MR analysis of 29 pain-related outcomes was conducted using the FinnGen R10 database employing the selected and validated genetic instruments. We utilized the Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method for primary analysis, applying Bonferroni correction to control type I error. IVW's multiplicative random effects (MRE) addressed heterogeneity, and MR-PRESSO managed pleiotropy, ensuring accurate causal inference. Results Our analysis differentiates strong and suggestive evidence in linking antihypertensive drugs to pain disorder risks. Strong evidence was found for adrenergic neuron blockers increasing migraine without aura risk, loop diuretics reducing panniculitis, and vasodilator antihypertensives lowering limb pain risk. Suggestive evidence suggests alpha-adrenoceptor blockers might increase migraine risk, while beta-adrenoceptor blockers could lower radiculopathy risk. Adrenergic neuron blockers also show a potential protective effect against coxarthrosis (hip osteoarthritis) and increased femgenpain risk (pain and other conditions related to female genital organs and menstrual cycle). Additionally, suggestive links were found between vasodilator antihypertensives and reduced radiculopathy risk, and both alpha-adrenoceptor blockers and renin inhibitors possibly decreasing dorsalgianas risk (unspecified dorsalgia). These findings highlight the intricate effects of antihypertensive drugs on pain disorders, underlining the need for further research. Conclusion The findings indicate that antihypertensive medications may exert varied effects on pain management, suggesting a repurposing potential for treating specific pain disorders. The results advocate for further research to confirm these associations and to explore underlying mechanisms, to optimize pain management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Du
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ao Li
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Ming Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Pain Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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19
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Long P, Si J, Zhu Z, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Jiang Q, Li W, Xu X, You Y, Qu M, Wang H, Mo T, Liu K, Jiang J, Wang Q, Yu C, Guo Y, Millwood IY, Walters RG, He X, Yuan Y, Wang H, Zhang X, He M, Guo H, Chen Z, Li L, Lv J, Wang C, Wu T. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling in blood reveals epigenetic signature of incident acute coronary syndrome. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7431. [PMID: 39198424 PMCID: PMC11358540 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51751-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation (DNAm) has been implicated in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), but the causality remains unclear in cross-sectional studies. Here, we conduct a prospective epigenome-wide association study of incident ACS in two Chinese cohorts (discovery: 751 nested case-control pairs; replication: 476 nested case-control pairs). We identified and validated 26 differentially methylated positions (DMPs, false discovery rate [FDR] <0.05), including three mapped to known cardiovascular disease genes (PRKCZ, PRDM16, EHBP1L1) and four with causal evidence from Mendelian randomization (PRKCZ, TRIM27, EMC2, EHBP1L1). Two hypomethylated DMPs were negatively correlated with the expression in blood of their mapped genes (PIGG and EHBP1L1), which were further found to overexpress in leukocytes and/or atheroma plaques. Finally, our DMPs could substantially improve the prediction of ACS over traditional risk factors and polygenic scores. These findings demonstrate the importance of DNAm in the pathogenesis of ACS and highlight DNAm as potential predictive biomarkers and treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinpin Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiahui Si
- National Institute of Health Data Science at Peking University, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziwei Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wending Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuedan Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yutong You
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Minghan Qu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tingting Mo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Robin G Walters
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ximiao He
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing, China.
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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20
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Cañadas-Garre M, Maqueda JJ, Baños-Jaime B, Hill C, Skelly R, Cappa R, Brennan E, Doyle R, Godson C, Maxwell AP, McKnight AJ. Mitochondrial related variants associated with cardiovascular traits. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1395371. [PMID: 39258111 PMCID: PMC11385366 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1395371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is responsible for over 30% of mortality worldwide. CVD arises from the complex influence of molecular, clinical, social, and environmental factors. Despite the growing number of autosomal genetic variants contributing to CVD, the cause of most CVDs is still unclear. Mitochondria are crucial in the pathophysiology, development and progression of CVDs; the impact of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants and mitochondrial haplogroups in the context of CVD has recently been highlighted. Aims We investigated the role of genetic variants in both mtDNA and nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes (NEMG) in CVD, including coronary artery disease (CAD), hypertension, and serum lipids in the UK Biobank, with sub-group analysis for diabetes. Methods We investigated 371,542 variants in 2,527 NEMG, along with 192 variants in 32 mitochondrial genes in 381,994 participants of the UK Biobank, stratifying by presence of diabetes. Results Mitochondrial variants showed associations with CVD, hypertension, and serum lipids. Mitochondrial haplogroup J was associated with CAD and serum lipids, whereas mitochondrial haplogroups T and U were associated with CVD. Among NEMG, variants within Nitric Oxide Synthase 3 (NOS3) showed associations with CVD, CAD, hypertension, as well as diastolic and systolic blood pressure. We also identified Translocase Of Outer Mitochondrial Membrane 40 (TOMM40) variants associated with CAD; Solute carrier family 22 member 2 (SLC22A2) variants associated with CAD and CVD; and HLA-DQA1 variants associated with hypertension. Variants within these three genes were also associated with serum lipids. Conclusion Our study demonstrates the relevance of mitochondrial related variants in the context of CVD. We have linked mitochondrial haplogroup U to CVD, confirmed association of mitochondrial haplogroups J and T with CVD and proposed new markers of hypertension and serum lipids in the context of diabetes. We have also evidenced connections between the etiological pathways underlying CVDs, blood pressure and serum lipids, placing NOS3, SLC22A2, TOMM40 and HLA-DQA1 genes as common nexuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Cañadas-Garre
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Clinical Sciences A, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School (Population Health Sciences), University of Bristol Oakfield House, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Joaquín J Maqueda
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Clinical Sciences A, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Blanca Baños-Jaime
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Clinical Sciences A, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja), Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Claire Hill
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Clinical Sciences A, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan Skelly
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Clinical Sciences A, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Ruaidhri Cappa
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Clinical Sciences A, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Eoin Brennan
- UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ross Doyle
- UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Godson
- UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alexander P Maxwell
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Clinical Sciences A, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Regional Nephrology Unit, Belfast City Hospital Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Jayne McKnight
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Clinical Sciences A, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
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21
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Fry H, Mazidi M, Kartsonaki C, Clarke R, Walters RG, Chen Z, Millwood IY. The Role of Furin and Its Therapeutic Potential in Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9237. [PMID: 39273186 PMCID: PMC11394739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Furin is an important proteolytic enzyme, converting several proteins from inactive precursors to their active forms. Recently, proteo-genomic analyses in European and East Asian populations suggested a causal association of furin with ischaemic heart disease, and there is growing interest in its role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) aetiology. In this narrative review, we present a critical appraisal of evidence from population studies to assess furin's role in CVD risk and potential as a drug target for CVD. Whilst most observational studies report positive associations between furin expression and CVD risk, some studies report opposing effects, which may reflect the complex biological roles of furin and its substrates. Genetic variation in FURIN is also associated with CVD and its risk factors. We found no evidence of current clinical development of furin as a drug target for CVD, although several phase 1 and 2 clinical trials of furin inhibitors as a type of cancer immunotherapy have been completed. The growing field of proteo-genomics in large-scale population studies may inform the future development of furin and other potential drug targets to improve the treatment and prevention of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Fry
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Mohsen Mazidi
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | | | - Robert Clarke
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Robin G Walters
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
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22
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Bian R, Li D, Xu X, Zhang L. The impact of immunity on the risk of coronary artery disease: insights from a multiomics study. Postgrad Med J 2024:qgae105. [PMID: 39180487 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgae105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune inflammation is intricately associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) progression, necessitating the pursuit of more efficacious therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to uncover potential therapeutic targets for CAD and myocardial infarction (MI) by elucidating the causal connection between regulatory immune-related genes (RIRGs) and these disorders. METHODOLOGY We performed summary data-based Mendelian randomization analysis to assess the therapeutic targets linked to expression quantitative trait loci and methylation quantitative trait loci of RIRGs in relation to CAD and MI. Independent validation cohorts and datasets from coronary artery and left ventricular heart tissue were analyzed. To strengthen causal inference, colocalization analysis and PhenoScanner phenotype scans were employed. RESULTS Utilizing multiomics integration, we pinpointed EIF2B2, FCHO1, and DDT as CAD risk genes. Notably, EIF2B2 and FCHO1 displayed significant associations with MI. High EIF2B2 expression, regulated by cg16144293, heightened CAD and MI risk at rs175438. In contrast, enhanced FCHO1 expression, modulated by cg18329931, reduced CAD and MI risk at rs13382133. DDT upregulation influenced by cg11060661 and cg09664220 was associated with decreased CAD risk at rs5760120. Colocalization analysis firmly established these relationships. CONCLUSION EIF2B2, FCHO1, and DDT represent risk loci for CAD progression within RIRGs. Our identification of these genes enhances understanding of CAD pathogenesis and directs future drug development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutao Bian
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
- The Affiliated Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
- The Affiliated Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Xuegong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
- The Affiliated Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
- The Affiliated Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
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23
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Fu C, Wang L, Cai W. IL6 receptor inhibitors: exploring the therapeutic potential across multiple diseases through drug target Mendelian randomization. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1452849. [PMID: 39229261 PMCID: PMC11368790 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1452849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background High interleukin-6 levels correlate with diseases like cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infections. IL-6 receptor inhibitors (IL-6Ri), used for rheumatoid arthritis and COVID-19, may have wider uses. We apply drug-target Mendelian Randomization (MR) to study IL-6Ri's effects. Method To simulate the effects of genetically blocking the IL-6R, we selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within or near the IL6R gene that show significant genome-wide associations with C-reactive protein. Using rheumatoid arthritis and COVID-19 as positive controls, our primary research outcomes included the risk of asthma, asthmatic pneumonia, cor pulmonale, non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes. The Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method served as our principal analytical approach, with the hypotheses of MR being evaluated through sensitivity and colocalization analyses. Additionally, we conducted Bayesian Mendelian Randomization analyses to minimize confounding and reverse causation biases to the greatest extent possible. Results IL-6 inhibitors significantly reduced the risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (OR= 0.278, 95% [CI], 0.138-0.558; P <0.001), Parkinson's disease (OR = 0.354, 95% CI, 0.215-0.582; P <0.001), and positively influenced the causal relationship with Type 2 diabetes (OR = 0.759, 95% CI, 0.637-0.905; P = 0.002). However, these inhibitors increased the risk for asthma (OR = 1.327, 95% CI, 1.118-1.576; P = 0.001) and asthmatic pneumonia (OR = 1.823, 95% CI, 1.246-2.666; P = 0.002). The causal effect estimates obtained via the BWMR method are consistent with those based on the IVW approach. Similarly, sIL-6R also exerts a significant influence on these diseases.Diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Crohn's disease, pulmonary heart disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, Type 1 diabetes, Non-small cell lung cancer and ulcerative colitis showed non-significant associations (p > 0.05) and were excluded from further analysis. Similarly, Small cell lung cancer were excluded due to inconsistent results. Notably, the colocalization evidence for asthmatic pneumonia (coloc.abf-PPH4 = 0.811) robustly supports its association with CRP. The colocalization evidence for Parkinson's disease (coloc.abf-PPH4 = 0.725) moderately supports its association with CRP. Conclusion IL-6Ri may represent a promising therapeutic avenue for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Parkinson's disease, and Type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, Anhui, China
| | - Longquan Wang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Wenjiao Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, Anhui, China
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24
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Yang K, Li J, Hui X, Wang W, Liu Y. Assessing the causal relationship between metabolic biomarkers and coronary artery disease by Mendelian randomization studies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19034. [PMID: 39152174 PMCID: PMC11329738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69879-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of coronary artery disease (CAD) is significantly affected by impaired endocrine and metabolic status. Under this circumstance, improved prevention and treatment of CAD may result from knowing the connection between metabolites and CAD. This study aims to delve into the causal relationship between human metabolic biomarkers and CAD by using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Utilizing two-sample bidirectional MR analysis, we assessed the correlation between 1400 blood metabolites and CAD, and the metabolites data from the CLSA, encompassing 8299 participants. Metabolite analysis identified 1091 plasma metabolites and 309 ratios as instrumental variables. To evaluate the causal link between metabolites and CAD, we analyzed three datasets: ebi-a-GCST005195 (547,261 European & East Asian samples), bbj-a-159 (29,319 East Asian CAD cases & 183,134 East Asian controls), and ebi-a-GCST005194 (296,525 European & East Asian samples). To estimate causal links, we utilized the IVW method. To conduct sensitivity analysis, we used MR-Egger, Weighted Median, and MR-PRESSO. Additionally, we employed MR-Egger interception and Cochran's Q statistic to assess potential heterogeneity and pleiotropy. What's more, replication and reverse analyses were performed to verify the reliability of the results and the causal order between metabolites and disease. Furthermore, we conducted a pathway analysis to identify potential metabolic pathways. 59 blood metabolites and 27 metabolite ratios nominally associated with CAD (P < 0.05) were identified by IVW analysis method. A total of four known blood metabolites, namely beta-hydroxyisovaleroylcarnitine (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.027-1.094, FDR 0.07), 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.029-1.110, FDR 0.09), 1-stearoyl-2- docosahexaenoyl (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.034-1.113, FDR 0.07) and Linoleoyl-arachidonoyl-glycerol, (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.036-1.105, FDR 0.05), and two metabolite ratios, namely spermidine to N-acetylputrescine ratio (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.903-0.972, FDR 0.09) and benzoate to linoleoyl-arachidonoyl-glycerol ratio (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.879-0.962, FDR 0.07), were confirmed as having a significant causal relationship with CAD, after correcting for the FDR method (p < 0. 1). A causal relationship was found to be established between beta -hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine and CAD with the validation in other two datasets. Moreover, multiple metabolic pathways were discovered to be associated with CAD. Our study supports the hypothesis that metabolites have an impact on CAD by demonstrating a causal relationship between human metabolites and CAD. This study is important for new strategies for the prevention and treatment of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People's Republic of China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixin Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshan Hui
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenru Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Adebekun J, Nadig A, Saarah P, Asgari S, Kachuri L, Alagpulinsa DA. Genetic relations between type 1 diabetes, coronary artery disease and leukocyte counts. Diabetologia 2024:10.1007/s00125-024-06247-9. [PMID: 39141130 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Type 1 diabetes is associated with excess coronary artery disease (CAD) risk even when known cardiovascular risk factors are accounted for. Genetic perturbation of haematopoiesis that alters leukocyte production is a novel independent modifier of CAD risk. We examined whether there are shared genetic determinants and causal relationships between type 1 diabetes, CAD and leukocyte counts. METHODS Genome-wide association study summary statistics were used to perform pairwise linkage disequilibrium score regression and heritability estimation from summary statistics (ρ-HESS) to respectively estimate the genome-wide and local genetic correlations, and two-sample Mendelian randomisation to estimate the causal relationships between leukocyte counts (335,855 healthy individuals), type 1 diabetes (18,942 cases, 501,638 control individuals) and CAD (122,733 cases, 424,528 control individuals). A latent causal variable (LCV) model was performed to estimate the genetic causality proportion of the genetic correlation between type 1 diabetes and CAD. RESULTS There was significant genome-wide genetic correlation (rg) between type 1 diabetes and CAD (rg=0.088, p=8.60 × 10-3) and both diseases shared significant genome-wide genetic determinants with eosinophil count (rg for type 1 diabetes [rg(T1D)]=0.093, p=7.20 × 10-3, rg for CAD [rg(CAD)]=0.092, p=3.68 × 10-6) and lymphocyte count (rg(T1D)=-0.052, p=2.76 × 10-2, rg(CAD)=0.176, p=1.82 × 10-15). Sixteen independent loci showed stringent Bonferroni significant local genetic correlations between leukocyte counts, type 1 diabetes and/or CAD. Cis-genetic regulation of the expression levels of genes within shared loci between type 1 diabetes and CAD was associated with both diseases as well as leukocyte counts, including SH2B3, CTSH, MORF4L1, CTRB1, CTRB2, CFDP1 and IFIH1. Genetically predicted lymphocyte, neutrophil and eosinophil counts were associated with type 1 diabetes and CAD (lymphocyte OR for type 1 diabetes [ORT1D]=0.67, p=2.02-19, ORCAD=1.09, p=2.67 × 10-6; neutrophil ORT1D=0.82, p=5.63 × 10-5, ORCAD=1.17, p=5.02 × 10-14; and eosinophil ORT1D=1.67, p=5.45 × 10-25, ORCAD=1.07, p=2.03 × 10-4. The genetic causality proportion between type 1 diabetes and CAD was 0.36 ± 0.16 (pLCV=1.30 × 10-2), suggesting a possible intermediary causal variable. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This study sheds light on shared genetic mechanisms underlying type 1 diabetes and CAD, which may contribute to their co-occurrence through regulation of gene expression and leukocyte counts and identifies cellular and molecular targets for further investigation for disease prediction and potential drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolade Adebekun
- Yale Center for Molecular and Systems Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ajay Nadig
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Priscilla Saarah
- Yale Center for Molecular and Systems Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Samira Asgari
- Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Linda Kachuri
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David A Alagpulinsa
- Yale Center for Molecular and Systems Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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26
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Yang Z, Li J, Huang P, Li Z, He J, Cai D, Lai Y. The causal relationship between antihypertensive drugs and depression: a Mendelian randomization study of drug targets. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1411343. [PMID: 39184138 PMCID: PMC11344258 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1411343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Depression ranks as a leading contributor to the global disease burden. The potential causal relationship between the use of antihypertensive medications and depression has garnered significant interest. Despite extensive investigation, the nature of this relationship remains a subject of ongoing debate. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the influence of antihypertensive medications on depression by conducting a Mendelian randomization study focused on drug targets. Method We focused on the targets of five antihypertensive drug categories: ACE Inhibitors (ACEIs), Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists (ARBs), Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs), Beta-Blockers (BBs), and Thiazide Diuretics (TDs). We collected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with these drug targets from genome-wide association study (GWAS) statistics, using them as proxies for the drugs. Subsequently, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis targeting these drugs to explore their potential impact on depression. Results Our findings revealed that genetic proxies for Beta-Blockers (BBs) were associated with an elevated risk of depression (OR [95%CI] = 1.027 [1.013, 1.040], p < 0.001). Similarly, genetic proxies for Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs) were linked to an increased risk of depression (OR [95%CI] = 1.030 [1.009, 1.051], p = 0.006). No significant associations were identified between the genetic markers of other antihypertensive medications and depression risk. Conclusion The study suggests that genetic proxies associated with Beta-Blockers (BBs) and Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs) could potentially elevate the risk of depression among patients. These findings underscore the importance of considering genetic predispositions when prescribing these medications, offering a strategic approach to preventing depression in susceptible individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Yang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinshuai Li
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peichu Huang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Nanhai District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhichang Li
- Nanhai District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianfeng He
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Nanhai District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongchun Cai
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Nanhai District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuzheng Lai
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Nanhai District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong, China
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27
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Yang Y, Sheng YH, Carreira P, Wang T, Zhao H, Wang R. Genome-wide assessment of shared genetic landscape of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and its comorbidities. Hum Genet 2024:10.1007/s00439-024-02696-9. [PMID: 39103522 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-024-02696-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease accompanied by both local and systemic comorbidities. Genetic factors play a role in the development of IPF and certain associated comorbidities. Nevertheless, it is uncertain whether there are shared genetic factors underlying IPF and these comorbidities. To bridge this knowledge gap, we conducted a systematic investigation into the shared genetic architecture between IPF and ten prevalent heritable comorbidities (i.e., body mass index [BMI], coronary artery disease [CAD], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], gastroesophageal reflux disease, lung cancer, major depressive disorder [MDD], obstructive sleep apnoea, pulmonary hypertension [PH], stroke, and type 2 diabetes), by utilizing large-scale summary data from their respective genome-wide association studies and multi-omics studies. We revealed significant (false discovery rate [FDR] < 0.05) and moderate genetic correlations between IPF and seven comorbidities, excluding lung cancer, MDD and PH. Evidence suggested a partially putative causal effect of IPF on CAD. Notably, we observed FDR-significant genetic enrichments in lung for the cross-trait between IPF and CAD and in liver for the cross-trait between IPF and COPD. Additionally, we identified 65 FDR-significant genes over-represented in 20 biological pathways related to the etiology of IPF, BMI, and COPD, including inflammation-related mucin gene clusters. Several of these genes were associated with clinically relevant drugs for the treatment of IPF, CAD, and/or COPD. Our results underscore the pervasive shared genetic basis between IPF and its common comorbidities and hold future implications for early diagnosis of IPF-related comorbidities, drug repurposing, and the development of novel therapies for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Yang
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.
| | - Yong H Sheng
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- Cancer Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Patricia Carreira
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Division, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Huiying Zhao
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.
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28
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Inoue K, Naito T, Fuji R, Sonehara K, Yamamoto K, Baba R, Kodama T, Otagaki Y, Okada A, Itcho K, Kobuke K, Ohno H, Morisaki T, Hattori N, Goto A, Nishikawa T, Oki K, Okada Y. Primary Aldosteronism and Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes: Genome-Wide Association and Mendelian Randomization Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e034180. [PMID: 39101507 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.034180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have reported associations between primary aldosteronism (PA) and cardiovascular outcomes, including coronary artery diseases (CAD), congestive heart failure (CHF), and stroke. However, establishing causality remains a challenge due to the lack of randomized controlled trial data on this topic. We thus aimed to investigate the causal relationship between PA and the risk of developing CAD, CHF, and stroke. METHODS AND RESULTS Cross-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies combining East Asian and European ancestry (1560 PA cases and 742 139 controls) was conducted to identify single-nucleotide variants that are associated with PA. Then, using the identified genetic variants as instrumental variables, we conducted the 2-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the causal relationship between PA and incident CAD, CHF, and stroke among both East Asian and European ancestry. Summary association results were extracted from large genome-wide association studies consortia. Our cross-ancestry meta-analysis of East Asian and European populations identified 7 genetic loci significantly associated with the risk of PA, for which the genes nearest to the lead variants were CASZ1, WNT2B, HOTTIP, LSP1, TBX3, RXFP2, and NDP. Among the East Asian population, the pooled odds ratio estimates using these 7 genetic instruments of PA were 1.07 (95% CI, 1.03-1.11) for CAD, 1.10 (95% CI, 1.01-1.20) for CHF, and 1.13 (95% CI, 1.09-1.18) for stroke. The results were consistent among the European population. CONCLUSIONS Our 2-sample Mendelian randomization study revealed that PA had increased risks of CAD, CHF, and stroke. These findings highlight that early and active screening of PA is critical to prevent future cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Inoue
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
- Hakubi Center for Advanced Research Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Naito
- Department of Statistical Genetics Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Kanagawa Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fuji
- Institute for Biomedicine (Affiliated to the University of Lübeck) Eurac Research Bolzano Italy
- Department of Preventive Medical Science Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences Toyoake Japan
| | - Kyuto Sonehara
- Department of Statistical Genetics Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Kanagawa Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamamoto
- Department of Statistical Genetics Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan
| | - Ryuta Baba
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Takaya Kodama
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Yu Otagaki
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Akira Okada
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Itcho
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kobuke
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Haruya Ohno
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Takayuki Morisaki
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Noboru Hattori
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Atsushi Goto
- Department of Public Health Yokohama City University Yokohama Japan
| | - Tetsuo Nishikawa
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Center Yokohama Rosai Hospital Yokohama Japan
| | - Kenji Oki
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Kanagawa Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka University Suita Japan
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29
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Lin YL, Yao T, Wang YW, Yu JS, Zhen C, Lin JF, Chen SB. Association between primary biliary cholangitis with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases: A bidirectional multivariable Mendelian randomization study. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102419. [PMID: 38992425 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune disease often accompanied by multisystem damage. This study aimed to explore the causal association between genetically predicted PBC and diabetes, as well as multiple cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). METHODS Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data of PBC in 24,510 individuals of European ancestry from the European Association for the Study of the Liver was used to identify genetically predicted PBC. We conducted 2-sample single-variable Mendelian randomization (SVMR) and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) to estimate the impacts of PBC on diabetes (N = 17,685 to 318,014) and 20 CVDs from the genetic consortium (N = 171,875 to 1,030,836). RESULTS SVMR provided evidence that genetically predicted PBC is associated with an increased risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), hypertension, atrial fibrillation (AF), stroke, ischemic stroke, and small-vessel ischemic stroke. Additionally, there was no evidence of a causal association between PBC and coronary atherosclerosis. In the MVMR analysis, PBC maintained independent effects on T1D, HF, MI, and small-vessel ischemic stroke in most models. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed the causal effects of PBC on diabetes and 7 CVDs, and no causal relationship was detected between PBC and coronary atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Lu Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Tao Yao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ying-Wei Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jia-Sheng Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Cheng Zhen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jia-Feng Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shui-Bing Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China.
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30
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Carey CE, Shafee R, Wedow R, Elliott A, Palmer DS, Compitello J, Kanai M, Abbott L, Schultz P, Karczewski KJ, Bryant SC, Cusick CM, Churchhouse C, Howrigan DP, King D, Davey Smith G, Neale BM, Walters RK, Robinson EB. Principled distillation of UK Biobank phenotype data reveals underlying structure in human variation. Nat Hum Behav 2024; 8:1599-1615. [PMID: 38965376 PMCID: PMC11343713 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-024-01909-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Data within biobanks capture broad yet detailed indices of human variation, but biobank-wide insights can be difficult to extract due to complexity and scale. Here, using large-scale factor analysis, we distill hundreds of variables (diagnoses, assessments and survey items) into 35 latent constructs, using data from unrelated individuals with predominantly estimated European genetic ancestry in UK Biobank. These factors recapitulate known disease classifications, disentangle elements of socioeconomic status, highlight the relevance of psychiatric constructs to health and improve measurement of pro-health behaviours. We go on to demonstrate the power of this approach to clarify genetic signal, enhance discovery and identify associations between underlying phenotypic structure and health outcomes. In building a deeper understanding of ways in which constructs such as socioeconomic status, trauma, or physical activity are structured in the dataset, we emphasize the importance of considering the interwoven nature of the human phenome when evaluating public health patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E Carey
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Rebecca Shafee
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robbee Wedow
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Sociology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- AnalytiXIN, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center on Aging and the Life Course, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Amanda Elliott
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Duncan S Palmer
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Medical Sciences Division University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - John Compitello
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Liam Abbott
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick Schultz
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Konrad J Karczewski
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuel C Bryant
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caroline M Cusick
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Claire Churchhouse
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daniel P Howrigan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel King
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - George Davey Smith
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Benjamin M Neale
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Raymond K Walters
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Elise B Robinson
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Antúnez-Rodríguez A, García-Rodríguez S, Pozo-Agundo A, Sánchez-Ramos JG, Moreno-Escobar E, Triviño-Juárez JM, Martínez-González LJ, Dávila-Fajardo CL. Targeted next-generation sequencing panel to investigate antiplatelet adverse reactions in acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting. Thromb Res 2024; 240:109060. [PMID: 38875847 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.109060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Antiplatelet therapy, the gold standard of care for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), is one of the therapeutic approaches most associated with the development of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Although numerous studies have shown that pharmacological intervention based on a limited number of high-evidence variants (primarily CYP2C19*2 and *3) can reduce the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), ADRs still occur at variable rates (10.1 % in our case) despite personalized therapy. This study aimed to identify novel genetic variants associated with the endpoint of MACEs 12 months after PCI by designing and analyzing a targeted gene panel. We sequenced 244 ACS-PCI-stent patients (109 with event and 135 without event) and 99 controls without structural cardiovascular disease and performed an association analysis to search for unexpected genetic variants. No single nucleotide polymorphisms reached genomic significance after correction, but three novel variants, including ABCA1 (rs2472434), KLB (rs17618244), and ZNF335 (rs3827066), may play a role in MACEs in ACS patients. These genetic variants are involved in regulating high-density lipoprotein levels and cholesterol deposition, and as they are regulatory variants, they may affect the expression of nearby lipid metabolism-related genes. Our findings suggest new targets (both at the gene and pathway levels) that may increase susceptibility to MACEs, but further research is needed to clarify the role and impact of the identified variants before these findings can be incorporated into the therapeutic decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Antúnez-Rodríguez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía - Instituto de investigación biosanitaria (ibs.Granada), Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Sonia García-Rodríguez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía - Instituto de investigación biosanitaria (ibs.Granada), Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Ana Pozo-Agundo
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía - Instituto de investigación biosanitaria (ibs.Granada), Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Jesús Gabriel Sánchez-Ramos
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio - Instituto de investigación biosanitaria (ibs.Granada), Avenida de la Innovación s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Eduardo Moreno-Escobar
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio - Instituto de investigación biosanitaria (ibs.Granada), Avenida de la Innovación s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - José Matías Triviño-Juárez
- Department of Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Luis Javier Martínez-González
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía - Instituto de investigación biosanitaria (ibs.Granada), Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Inmunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Cristina Lucía Dávila-Fajardo
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía - Instituto de investigación biosanitaria (ibs.Granada), Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain; Pharmacy Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves - Instituto de investigación biosanitaria (ibs.Granada), Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain.
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Salido E, de Medeiros Vieira C, Mosquera JV, Zade R, Miller CL, Lo Sardo V. The 9p21.3 coronary artery disease risk locus drives vascular smooth muscle cells to an osteochondrogenic state. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.25.595888. [PMID: 38853913 PMCID: PMC11160673 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.25.595888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified common genetic variants at ~400 human genomic loci linked to coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility. Among these genomic regions, the most impactful is the 9p21.3 CAD risk locus, which spans a 60 kb gene desert and encompasses ~80 SNPs in high linkage disequilibrium. Despite nearly two decades since its discovery, the functional mechanism of this genomic region remains incompletely resolved. To investigate the transcriptional gene programs mediated by 9p21.3 risk locus, we applied a model of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from risk and non-risk donors at 9p21.3, as well as isogenic lines with a full haplotype deletion. Upon differentiation to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), single-cell transcriptomic profiling demonstrated iPSC-VSMC phenotypes resembling those from native human coronary arteries, confirming the robustness of this model. Remarkably, our analyses revealed that VSMCs harboring the 9p21.3 risk haplotype preferentially adopt an osteochondrogenic state. Importantly, we identified LIMCH1 and CRABP1 as signature genes critical for defining this transcriptional program. Our study provides new insights into the mechanism at the 9p21.3 risk locus and defines its role in driving a disease-prone transcriptional state in VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Salido
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | | | - José Verdezoto Mosquera
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics; University of Virginia; Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA
| | - Rohan Zade
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - Clint L. Miller
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics; University of Virginia; Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA
| | - Valentina Lo Sardo
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison, WI 53705 USA
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Oh S, Mandell MA. Regulation of Mitochondria-Derived Immune Activation by 'Antiviral' TRIM Proteins. Viruses 2024; 16:1161. [PMID: 39066323 PMCID: PMC11281404 DOI: 10.3390/v16071161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key orchestrators of antiviral responses that serve as platforms for the assembly and activation of innate immune-signaling complexes. In response to viral infection, mitochondria can be triggered to release immune-stimulatory molecules that can boost interferon production. These same molecules can be released by damaged mitochondria to induce pathogenic, antiviral-like immune responses in the absence of infection. This review explores how members of the tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) protein family, which are recognized for their roles in antiviral defense, regulate mitochondria-based innate immune activation. In antiviral defense, TRIMs are essential components of immune signal transduction pathways and function as directly acting viral restriction factors. TRIMs carry out conceptually similar activities when controlling immune activation related to mitochondria. First, they modulate immune-signaling pathways that can be activated by mitochondrial molecules. Second, they co-ordinate the direct removal of mitochondria and associated immune-activating factors through mitophagy. These insights broaden the scope of TRIM actions in innate immunity and may implicate TRIMs in diseases associated with mitochondria-derived inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seeun Oh
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Michael A. Mandell
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
- Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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Lee PC, Jung IH, Thussu S, Patel V, Wagoner R, Burks KH, Amrute J, Elenbaas JS, Kang CJ, Young EP, Scherer PE, Stitziel NO. Instrumental variable and colocalization analyses identify endotrophin and HTRA1 as potential therapeutic targets for coronary artery disease. iScience 2024; 27:110104. [PMID: 38989470 PMCID: PMC11233907 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of disease burden globally, and there is a persistent need for new therapeutic targets. Instrumental variable (IV) and genetic colocalization analyses can help identify novel therapeutic targets for human disease by nominating causal genes in genome-wide association study (GWAS) loci. We conducted cis-IV analyses for 20,125 genes and 1,746 plasma proteins with CAD using molecular trait quantitative trait loci variant (QTLs) data from three different studies. 19 proteins and 119 genes were significantly associated with CAD risk by IV analyses and demonstrated evidence of genetic colocalization. Notably, our analyses validated well-established targets such as PCSK9 and ANGPTL4 while also identifying HTRA1 and endotrophin (a cleavage product of COL6A3) as proteins whose levels are causally associated with CAD risk. Further experimental studies are needed to confirm the causal role of the genes and proteins identified through our multiomic cis-IV analyses on human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C. Lee
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - In-Hyuk Jung
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shreeya Thussu
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ved Patel
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ryan Wagoner
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kendall H. Burks
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Junedh Amrute
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jared S. Elenbaas
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Chul Joo Kang
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Erica P. Young
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nathan O. Stitziel
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63108, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Lin Z, Pan W. A robust cis-Mendelian randomization method with application to drug target discovery. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6072. [PMID: 39025905 PMCID: PMC11258283 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50385-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Mendelian randomization (MR) uses genetic variants as instrumental variables (IVs) to investigate causal relationships between traits. Unlike conventional MR, cis-MR focuses on a single genomic region using only cis-SNPs. For example, using cis-pQTLs for a protein as exposure for a disease opens a cost-effective path for drug target discovery. However, few methods effectively handle pleiotropy and linkage disequilibrium (LD) of cis-SNPs. Here, we propose cisMR-cML, a method based on constrained maximum likelihood, robust to IV assumption violations with strong theoretical support. We further clarify the severe but largely neglected consequences of the current practice of modeling marginal, instead of conditional genetic effects, and only using exposure-associated SNPs in cis-MR analysis. Numerical studies demonstrated our method's superiority over other existing methods. In a drug-target analysis for coronary artery disease (CAD), including a proteome-wide application, we identified three potential drug targets, PCSK9, COLEC11 and FGFR1 for CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaotong Lin
- Division of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
| | - Wei Pan
- Division of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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36
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Weldy CS, Li Q, Monteiro JP, Guo H, Galls D, Gu W, Cheng PP, Ramste M, Li D, Palmisano BT, Sharma D, Worssam MD, Zhao Q, Bhate A, Kundu RK, Nguyen T, Li JB, Quertermous T. Smooth muscle expression of RNA editing enzyme ADAR1 controls vascular integrity and progression of atherosclerosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.08.602569. [PMID: 39026721 PMCID: PMC11257488 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.08.602569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Mapping the genomic architecture of complex disease has been predicated on the understanding that genetic variants influence disease risk through modifying gene expression. However, recent discoveries have revealed that a significant burden of disease heritability in common autoinflammatory disorders and coronary artery disease is mediated through genetic variation modifying post-transcriptional modification of RNA through adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing. This common RNA modification is catalyzed by ADAR enzymes, where ADAR1 edits specific immunogenic double stranded RNA (dsRNA) to prevent activation of the double strand RNA (dsRNA) sensor MDA5 ( IFIH1 ) and stimulation of an interferon stimulated gene (ISG) response. Multiple lines of human genetic data indicate impaired RNA editing and increased dsRNA sensing to be an important mechanism of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. Here, we provide a crucial link between observations in human genetics and mechanistic cell biology leading to progression of CAD. Through analysis of human atherosclerotic plaque, we implicate the vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) to have a unique requirement for RNA editing, and that ISG induction occurs in SMC phenotypic modulation, implicating MDA5 activation. Through culture of human coronary artery SMCs, generation of a conditional SMC specific Adar1 deletion mouse model on a pro-atherosclerosis background, and with incorporation of single cell RNA sequencing cellular profiling, we further show that Adar1 controls SMC phenotypic state, is required to maintain vascular integrity, and controls progression of atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. Through this work, we describe a fundamental mechanism of CAD, where cell type and context specific RNA editing and sensing of dsRNA mediates disease progression, bridging our understanding of human genetics and disease causality.
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37
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Hui D, Sanford E, Lorenz K, Damrauer SM, Assimes TL, Thom CS, Voight BF. Mendelian randomization analyses clarify the effects of height on cardiovascular diseases. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298786. [PMID: 38959188 PMCID: PMC11221663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
An inverse correlation between stature and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been observed in several epidemiologic studies, and recent Mendelian randomization (MR) experiments have suggested causal association. However, the extent to which the effect estimated by MR can be explained by cardiovascular, anthropometric, lung function, and lifestyle-related risk factors is unclear, with a recent report suggesting that lung function traits could fully explain the height-CAD effect. To clarify this relationship, we utilized a well-powered set of genetic instruments for human stature, comprising >1,800 genetic variants for height and CAD. In univariable analysis, we confirmed that a one standard deviation decrease in height (~6.5 cm) was associated with a 12.0% increase in the risk of CAD, consistent with previous reports. In multivariable analysis accounting for effects from up to 12 established risk factors, we observed a >3-fold attenuation in the causal effect of height on CAD susceptibility (3.7%, p = 0.02). However, multivariable analyses demonstrated independent effects of height on other cardiovascular traits beyond CAD, consistent with epidemiologic associations and univariable MR experiments. In contrast with published reports, we observed minimal effects of lung function traits on CAD risk in our analyses, indicating that these traits are unlikely to explain the residual association between height and CAD risk. In sum, these results suggest the impact of height on CAD risk beyond previously established cardiovascular risk factors is minimal and not explained by lung function measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hui
- Graduate Program in Genomics and Computational Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Eric Sanford
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Lorenz
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Scott M. Damrauer
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Themistocles L. Assimes
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Christopher S. Thom
- Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Benjamin F. Voight
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
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38
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Murphy MB, Yang Z, Subati T, Farber-Eger E, Kim K, Blackwell DJ, Fleming MR, Stark JM, Van Amburg JC, Woodall KK, Van Beusecum JP, Agrawal V, Smart CD, Pitzer A, Atkinson JB, Fogo AB, Bastarache JA, Kirabo A, Wells QS, Madhur MS, Barnett JV, Murray KT. LNK/SH2B3 loss of function increases susceptibility to murine and human atrial fibrillation. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:899-913. [PMID: 38377486 PMCID: PMC11218690 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The lymphocyte adaptor protein (LNK) is a negative regulator of cytokine and growth factor signalling. The rs3184504 variant in SH2B3 reduces LNK function and is linked to cardiovascular, inflammatory, and haematologic disorders, including stroke. In mice, deletion of Lnk causes inflammation and oxidative stress. We hypothesized that Lnk-/- mice are susceptible to atrial fibrillation (AF) and that rs3184504 is associated with AF and AF-related stroke in humans. During inflammation, reactive lipid dicarbonyls are the major components of oxidative injury, and we further hypothesized that these mediators are critical drivers of the AF substrate in Lnk-/- mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Lnk-/- or wild-type (WT) mice were treated with vehicle or 2-hydroxybenzylamine (2-HOBA), a dicarbonyl scavenger, for 3 months. Compared with WT, Lnk-/- mice displayed increased AF duration that was prevented by 2-HOBA. In the Lnk-/- atria, action potentials were prolonged with reduced transient outward K+ current, increased late Na+ current, and reduced peak Na+ current, pro-arrhythmic effects that were inhibited by 2-HOBA. Mitochondrial dysfunction, especially for Complex I, was evident in Lnk-/- atria, while scavenging lipid dicarbonyls prevented this abnormality. Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) were elevated in Lnk-/- plasma and atrial tissue, respectively, both of which caused electrical and bioenergetic remodelling in vitro. Inhibition of soluble TNF-α prevented electrical remodelling and AF susceptibility, while IL-1β inhibition improved mitochondrial respiration but had no effect on AF susceptibility. In a large database of genotyped patients, rs3184504 was associated with AF, as well as AF-related stroke. CONCLUSION These findings identify a novel role for LNK in the pathophysiology of AF in both experimental mice and humans. Moreover, reactive lipid dicarbonyls are critical to the inflammatory AF substrate in Lnk-/- mice and mediate the pro-arrhythmic effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines, primarily through electrical remodelling.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Action Potentials/drug effects
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Atrial Fibrillation/metabolism
- Atrial Fibrillation/physiopathology
- Atrial Fibrillation/genetics
- Benzylamines/pharmacology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Heart Rate/drug effects
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Interleukin-1beta/metabolism
- Interleukin-1beta/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mitochondria, Heart/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Heart/pathology
- Mitochondria, Heart/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Phenotype
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Zhenjiang Yang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Tuerdi Subati
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Eric Farber-Eger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kyungsoo Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Daniel J Blackwell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Matthew R Fleming
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Joshua M Stark
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Joseph C Van Amburg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kaylen K Woodall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Justin P Van Beusecum
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Vineet Agrawal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Charles D Smart
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ashley Pitzer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - James B Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21 Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Agnes B Fogo
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21 Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Julie A Bastarache
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Quinn S Wells
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2525 West End Avenue, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Meena S Madhur
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Joey V Barnett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Katherine T Murray
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, 559 PRB, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Ravindran A, Holappa L, Niskanen H, Skovorodkin I, Kaisto S, Beter M, Kiema M, Selvarajan I, Nurminen V, Aavik E, Aherrahrou R, Pasonen-Seppänen S, Fortino V, Laakkonen JP, Ylä-Herttuala S, Vainio S, Örd T, Kaikkonen MU. Translatome profiling reveals Itih4 as a novel smooth muscle cell-specific gene in atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:869-882. [PMID: 38289873 PMCID: PMC11218691 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and their derivatives are key contributors to the development of atherosclerosis. However, studying changes in SMC gene expression in heterogeneous vascular tissues is challenging due to the technical limitations and high cost associated with current approaches. In this paper, we apply translating ribosome affinity purification sequencing to profile SMC-specific gene expression directly from tissue. METHODS AND RESULTS To facilitate SMC-specific translatome analysis, we generated SMCTRAP mice, a transgenic mouse line expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-tagged ribosomal protein L10a (EGFP-L10a) under the control of the SMC-specific αSMA promoter. These mice were further crossed with the atherosclerosis model Ldlr-/-, ApoB100/100 to generate SMCTRAP-AS mice and used to profile atherosclerosis-associated SMCs in thoracic aorta samples of 15-month-old SMCTRAP and SMCTRAP-AS mice. Our analysis of SMCTRAP-AS mice showed that EGFP-L10a expression was localized to SMCs in various tissues, including the aortic wall and plaque. The TRAP fraction demonstrated high enrichment of known SMC-specific genes, confirming the specificity of our approach. We identified several genes, including Cemip, Lum, Mfge8, Spp1, and Serpina3, which are known to be involved in atherosclerosis-induced gene expression. Moreover, we identified several novel genes not previously linked to SMCs in atherosclerosis, such as Anxa4, Cd276, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor-4 (Itih4), Myof, Pcdh11x, Rab31, Serpinb6b, Slc35e4, Slc8a3, and Spink5. Among them, we confirmed the SMC-specific expression of Itih4 in atherosclerotic lesions using immunofluorescence staining of mouse aortic roots and spatial transcriptomics of human carotid arteries. Furthermore, our more detailed analysis of Itih4 showed its link to coronary artery disease through the colocalization of genome-wide association studies, splice quantitative trait loci (QTL), and protein QTL signals. CONCLUSION We generated a SMC-specific TRAP mouse line to study atherosclerosis and identified Itih4 as a novel SMC-expressed gene in atherosclerotic plaques, warranting further investigation of its putative function in extracellular matrix stability and genetic evidence of causality.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Apolipoprotein B-100/genetics
- Apolipoprotein B-100/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Phenotype
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Receptors, LDL/metabolism
- Ribosomal Proteins/genetics
- Ribosomal Proteins/metabolism
- Transcriptome
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarthi Ravindran
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lari Holappa
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Henri Niskanen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ilya Skovorodkin
- Disease networks research unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Kvantum Institute, Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Susanna Kaisto
- Disease networks research unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Kvantum Institute, Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mustafa Beter
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Miika Kiema
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ilakya Selvarajan
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Valtteri Nurminen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Einari Aavik
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rédouane Aherrahrou
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, Universität zu Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Heart Centre Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sanna Pasonen-Seppänen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vittorio Fortino
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna P Laakkonen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Vainio
- Disease networks research unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Kvantum Institute, Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tiit Örd
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Minna U Kaikkonen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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40
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Baker S, Biroli P, van Kippersluis H, von Hinke S. Advantageous early-life environments cushion the genetic risk for ischemic heart disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314056121. [PMID: 38917008 PMCID: PMC11228495 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314056121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In one of the first papers on the impact of early-life conditions on individuals' health in older age, Barker and Osmond [Lancet, 327, 1077-1081 (1986)] show a strong positive relationship between infant mortality rates in the 1920s and ischemic heart disease in the 1970s. We merge historical data on infant mortality rates to 370,000 individual records in the UK Biobank using information on local area and year of birth. We replicate the association between the early-life infant mortality rate and later-life ischemic heart disease in our sample. We then go "beyond Barker," by showing considerable genetic heterogeneity in this association that is robust to within-area as well as within-family analyses. We find no association between the polygenic index and heart disease in areas with the lowest infant mortality rates, but a strong positive relationship in areas characterized by high infant mortality. These findings suggest that advantageous environments can cushion one's genetic disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Baker
- School of Economics, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TU, United Kingdom
| | - Pietro Biroli
- Department of Economic Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Hans van Kippersluis
- Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3062 PA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephanie von Hinke
- School of Economics, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TU, United Kingdom
- Institute for Fiscal Studies, London WC1E 7AE, United Kingdom
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41
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Wang K, Shi M, Luk AOY, Kong APS, Ma RCW, Li C, Chen L, Chow E, Chan JCN. Impaired GK-GKRP interaction rather than direct GK activation worsens lipid profiles and contributes to long-term complications: a Mendelian randomization study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:228. [PMID: 38951793 PMCID: PMC11218184 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02321-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucokinase (GK) plays a key role in glucose metabolism. In the liver, GK is regulated by GK regulatory protein (GKRP) with nuclear sequestration at low plasma glucose level. Some GK activators (GKAs) disrupt GK-GKRP interaction which increases hepatic cytoplasmic GK level. Excess hepatic GK activity may exceed the capacity of glycogen synthesis with excess triglyceride formation. It remains uncertain whether hypertriglyceridemia associated with some GKAs in previous clinical trials was due to direct GK activation or impaired GK-GKRP interaction. METHODS Using publicly available genome-wide association study summary statistics, we selected independent genetic variants of GCKR and GCK associated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) as instrumental variables, to mimic the effects of impaired GK-GKRP interaction and direct GK activation, respectively. We applied two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) framework to assess their causal associations with lipid-related traits, risks of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and cardiovascular diseases. We verified these findings in one-sample MR analysis using individual-level statistics from the Hong Kong Diabetes Register (HKDR). RESULTS Genetically-proxied impaired GK-GKRP interaction increased plasma triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B levels with increased odds ratio (OR) of 14.6 (95% CI 4.57-46.4) per 1 mmol/L lower FPG for MASLD and OR of 2.92 (95% CI 1.78-4.81) for coronary artery disease (CAD). Genetically-proxied GK activation was associated with decreased risk of CAD (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.54-0.88) and not with dyslipidemia. One-sample MR validation in HKDR showed consistent results. CONCLUSIONS Impaired GK-GKRP interaction, rather than direct GK activation, may worsen lipid profiles and increase risks of MASLD and CAD. Development of future GKAs should avoid interfering with GK-GKRP interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hua Medicine (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Mai Shi
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Andrea O Y Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Phase 1 Clinical Trial Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Alice P S Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Changhong Li
- Hua Medicine (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Li Chen
- Hua Medicine (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Elaine Chow
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
- Phase 1 Clinical Trial Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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42
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Liu J, Ying J, Hu T. Genetic effects of inflammatory cytokines on coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction and the mediating roles of lipid traits. Postgrad Med J 2024; 100:461-468. [PMID: 38409767 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation has been connected by epidemiological evidence to coronary artery disease (CAD) along with myocardial infarction (MI). Nevertheless, it is still unclear whether reverse causality or confounders account for these connections. Our objectives are to examine the causality between inflammatory cytokines and CAD/MI as well as the potential mediating influence of lipid characteristics. METHODS We acquired instrumental variables through genome-wide association studies meta-analyses of 41 inflammatory cytokines (8293 individuals). Genetic associations with CAD (122 733 cases and 424 528 controls), MI (~61 505 cases and 577 716 controls) and five candidate lipid mediators were obtained from the corresponding genome-wide association studies. A two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was applied, followed with comprehensive sensitivity analyses. RESULTS Genetically determined growth regulated oncogene-α was causally linked to a decreased incidence of CAD [odds ratio (OR), 0.97; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.95-0.99; P = .007] and MI (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.92-0.98; P = .002). There is suggestive evidence indicating a causal impact of macrophage inflammatory protein-1β upon CAD (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.07; P = .010) and MI (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02-1.11; P = .002). Furthermore, we discovered suggestive causal connections between tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and CAD (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-1.00; P = .020). Two-step Mendelian randomization analysis revealed that triglycerides partially mediate the effect of growth regulated oncogene-α on CAD (proportion-mediated: 13.28%) and MI (8.05%). CONCLUSIONS We provided novel genetic evidence supporting the causality of inflammatory cytokines on CAD/MI and elucidate the mediating effect of triglycerides in the causal pathways linking inflammatory cytokines and CAD/MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
| | - Jiajun Ying
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
| | - Teng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
- Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
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43
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Di Maio S, Zöscher P, Weissensteiner H, Forer L, Schachtl-Riess JF, Amstler S, Streiter G, Pfurtscheller C, Paulweber B, Kronenberg F, Coassin S, Schönherr S. Resolving intra-repeat variation in medically relevant VNTRs from short-read sequencing data using the cardiovascular risk gene LPA as a model. Genome Biol 2024; 25:167. [PMID: 38926899 PMCID: PMC11201333 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03316-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) are highly polymorphic DNA regions harboring many potentially disease-causing variants. However, VNTRs often appear unresolved ("dark") in variation databases due to their repetitive nature. One particularly complex and medically relevant VNTR is the KIV-2 VNTR located in the cardiovascular disease gene LPA which encompasses up to 70% of the coding sequence. RESULTS Using the highly complex LPA gene as a model, we develop a computational approach to resolve intra-repeat variation in VNTRs from largely available short-read sequencing data. We apply the approach to six protein-coding VNTRs in 2504 samples from the 1000 Genomes Project and developed an optimized method for the LPA KIV-2 VNTR that discriminates the confounding KIV-2 subtypes upfront. This results in an F1-score improvement of up to 2.1-fold compared to previously published strategies. Finally, we analyze the LPA VNTR in > 199,000 UK Biobank samples, detecting > 700 KIV-2 mutations. This approach successfully reveals new strong Lp(a)-lowering effects for KIV-2 variants, with protective effect against coronary artery disease, and also validated previous findings based on tagging SNPs. CONCLUSIONS Our approach paves the way for reliable variant detection in VNTRs at scale and we show that it is transferable to other dark regions, which will help unlock medical information hidden in VNTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Di Maio
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter Zöscher
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hansi Weissensteiner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Forer
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Stephan Amstler
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gertraud Streiter
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Cathrin Pfurtscheller
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bernhard Paulweber
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Coassin
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian Schönherr
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Saha B, Olsvik H, Williams GL, Oh S, Evjen G, Sjøttem E, Mandell MA. TBK1 is ubiquitinated by TRIM5α to assemble mitophagy machinery. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114294. [PMID: 38814780 PMCID: PMC11216866 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination of mitochondrial proteins provides a basis for the downstream recruitment of mitophagy machinery, yet whether ubiquitination of the machinery itself contributes to mitophagy is unknown. Here, we show that K63-linked polyubiquitination of the key mitophagy regulator TBK1 is essential for its mitophagy functions. This modification is catalyzed by the ubiquitin ligase TRIM5α and is required for TBK1 to interact with and activate a set of ubiquitin-binding autophagy adaptors including NDP52, p62/SQSTM1, and NBR1. Autophagy adaptors, along with TRIM27, enable TRIM5α to engage with TBK1 following mitochondrial damage. TRIM5α's ubiquitin ligase activity is required for the accumulation of active TBK1 on damaged mitochondria in Parkin-dependent and Parkin-independent mitophagy pathways. Our data support a model in which TRIM5α provides a mitochondria-localized, ubiquitin-based, self-amplifying assembly platform for TBK1 and mitophagy adaptors that is ultimately necessary for the recruitment of the core autophagy machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Saha
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Hallvard Olsvik
- Autophagy Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Geneva L Williams
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Seeun Oh
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Gry Evjen
- Autophagy Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Eva Sjøttem
- Autophagy Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Michael A Mandell
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Autophagy, Inflammation, and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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45
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Jiang J, Hiron TK, Agbaedeng TA, Malhotra Y, Drydale E, Bancroft J, Ng E, Reschen ME, Davison LJ, O’Callaghan CA. A Novel Macrophage Subpopulation Conveys Increased Genetic Risk of Coronary Artery Disease. Circ Res 2024; 135:6-25. [PMID: 38747151 PMCID: PMC11191562 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.324172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD), the leading cause of death worldwide, is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Although over 250 genetic risk loci have been identified through genome-wide association studies, the specific causal variants and their regulatory mechanisms are still largely unknown, particularly in disease-relevant cell types such as macrophages. METHODS We utilized single-cell RNA-seq and single-cell multiomics approaches in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages to explore the transcriptional regulatory network involved in a critical pathogenic event of coronary atherosclerosis-the formation of lipid-laden foam cells. The relative genetic contribution to CAD was assessed by partitioning disease heritability across different macrophage subpopulations. Meta-analysis of single-cell RNA-seq data sets from 38 human atherosclerotic samples was conducted to provide high-resolution cross-referencing to macrophage subpopulations in vivo. RESULTS We identified 18 782 cis-regulatory elements by jointly profiling the gene expression and chromatin accessibility of >5000 macrophages. Integration with CAD genome-wide association study data prioritized 121 CAD-related genetic variants and 56 candidate causal genes. We showed that CAD heritability was not uniformly distributed and was particularly enriched in the gene programs of a novel CD52-hi lipid-handling macrophage subpopulation. These CD52-hi macrophages displayed significantly less lipoprotein accumulation and were also found in human atherosclerotic plaques. We investigated the cis-regulatory effect of a risk variant rs10488763 on FDX1, implicating the recruitment of AP-1 and C/EBP-β in the causal mechanisms at this locus. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide genetic evidence of the divergent roles of macrophage subsets in atherogenesis and highlight lipid-handling macrophages as a key subpopulation through which genetic variants operate to influence disease. These findings provide an unbiased framework for functional fine-mapping of genome-wide association study results using single-cell multiomics and offer new insights into the genotype-environment interactions underlying atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Jiang
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (J.J., T.K.H., T.A.A., Y.M., E.D., J.B., L.J.D., C.A.O.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas K. Hiron
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (J.J., T.K.H., T.A.A., Y.M., E.D., J.B., L.J.D., C.A.O.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A. Agbaedeng
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (J.J., T.K.H., T.A.A., Y.M., E.D., J.B., L.J.D., C.A.O.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yashaswat Malhotra
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (J.J., T.K.H., T.A.A., Y.M., E.D., J.B., L.J.D., C.A.O.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Edward Drydale
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (J.J., T.K.H., T.A.A., Y.M., E.D., J.B., L.J.D., C.A.O.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - James Bancroft
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (J.J., T.K.H., T.A.A., Y.M., E.D., J.B., L.J.D., C.A.O.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Ng
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (E.N.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael E. Reschen
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, United Kingdom (M.E.R.)
| | - Lucy J. Davison
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (J.J., T.K.H., T.A.A., Y.M., E.D., J.B., L.J.D., C.A.O.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom (L.J.D.)
| | - Chris A. O’Callaghan
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (J.J., T.K.H., T.A.A., Y.M., E.D., J.B., L.J.D., C.A.O.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
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Saferali A, Kim W, Xu Z, Chase RP, Cho MH, Laederach A, Castaldi PJ, Hersh CP. Colocalization analysis of 3' UTR alternative polyadenylation quantitative trait loci reveals novel mechanisms underlying associations with lung function. Hum Mol Genet 2024; 33:1164-1175. [PMID: 38569558 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
While many disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs), a large proportion of genome-wide association study (GWAS) variants are of unknown function. Alternative polyadenylation (APA) plays an important role in posttranscriptional regulation by allowing genes to shorten or extend 3' untranslated regions (UTRs). We hypothesized that genetic variants that affect APA in lung tissue may lend insight into the function of respiratory associated GWAS loci. We generated alternative polyadenylation (apa) QTLs using RNA sequencing and whole genome sequencing on 1241 subjects from the Lung Tissue Research Consortium (LTRC) as part of the NHLBI TOPMed project. We identified 56 179 APA sites corresponding to 13 582 unique genes after filtering out APA sites with low usage. We found that a total of 8831 APA sites were associated with at least one SNP with q-value < 0.05. The genomic distribution of lead APA SNPs indicated that the majority are intronic variants (33%), followed by downstream gene variants (26%), 3' UTR variants (17%), and upstream gene variants (within 1 kb region upstream of transcriptional start site, 10%). APA sites in 193 genes colocalized with GWAS data for at least one phenotype. Genes containing the top APA sites associated with GWAS variants include membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 2 (MARCHF2), nectin cell adhesion molecule 2 (NECTIN2), and butyrophilin subfamily 3 member A2 (BTN3A2). Overall, these findings suggest that APA may be an important mechanism for genetic variants in lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aabida Saferali
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Wonji Kim
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Zhonghui Xu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Robert P Chase
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Michael H Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Alain Laederach
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 South Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Peter J Castaldi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Craig P Hersh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, United States
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47
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Liang H, Sedillo JC, Schrodi SJ, Ikeda A. Structural variants in linkage disequilibrium with GWAS-significant SNPs. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32053. [PMID: 38882374 PMCID: PMC11177133 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
With the recent expansion of structural variant identification in the human genome, understanding the role of these impactful variants in disease architecture is critically important. Currently, a large proportion of genome-wide-significant genome-wide association study (GWAS) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are functionally unresolved, raising the possibility that some of these SNPs are associated with disease through linkage disequilibrium with causal structural variants. Hence, understanding the linkage disequilibrium between newly discovered structural variants and statistically significant SNPs may provide a resource for further investigation into disease-associated regions in the genome. Here we present a resource cataloging structural variant-significant SNP pairs in high linkage disequilibrium. The database is composed of (i) SNPs that have exhibited genome-wide significant association with traits, primarily disease phenotypes, (ii) newly released structural variants (SVs), and (iii) linkage disequilibrium values calculated from unphased data. All data files including those detailing SV and GWAS SNP associations and results of GWAS-SNP-SV pairs are available at the SV-SNP LD Database and can be accessed at 'https://github.com/hliang-SchrodiLab/SV_SNPs. Our analysis results represent a useful fine mapping tool for interrogating SVs in linkage disequilibrium with disease-associated SNPs. We anticipate that this resource may play an important role in subsequent studies which investigate incorporating disease causing SVs into disease risk prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liang
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Joni C Sedillo
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Steven J Schrodi
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Akihiro Ikeda
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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48
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Meijsen J, Hu K, Krebs MD, Athanasiadis G, Washbrook S, Zetterberg R, Avelar E Silva RN, Shorter JR, Gådin JR, Bergstedt J, Howard DM, Ye W, Lu Y, Valdimarsdóttir UA, Ingason A, Helenius D, Plana-Ripoll O, McGrath JJ, Micali N, Andreassen OA, Werge TM, Fang F, Buil A. Quantifying the relative importance of genetics and environment on the comorbidity between mental and cardiometabolic disorders using 17 million Scandinavians. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5064. [PMID: 38871766 PMCID: PMC11176385 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49507-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Mental disorders are leading causes of disability and premature death worldwide, partly due to high comorbidity with cardiometabolic disorders. Reasons for this comorbidity are still poorly understood. We leverage nation-wide health records and near-complete genealogies of Denmark and Sweden (n = 17 million) to reveal the genetic and environmental contributions underlying the observed comorbidity between six mental disorders and 15 cardiometabolic disorders. Genetic factors contributed about 50% to the comorbidity of schizophrenia, affective disorders, and autism spectrum disorder with cardiometabolic disorders, whereas the comorbidity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and anorexia with cardiometabolic disorders was mainly or fully driven by environmental factors. In this work we provide causal insight to guide clinical and scientific initiatives directed at achieving mechanistic understanding as well as preventing and alleviating the consequences of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joeri Meijsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Kejia Hu
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Morten D Krebs
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Georgios Athanasiadis
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sarah Washbrook
- Center for Eating and feeding Disorders research, Psychiatric Centre Ballerup, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Richard Zetterberg
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Raquel Nogueira Avelar E Silva
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - John R Shorter
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jesper R Gådin
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jacob Bergstedt
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David M Howard
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Unnur A Valdimarsdóttir
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrés Ingason
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Dorte Helenius
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Oleguer Plana-Ripoll
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - John J McGrath
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nadia Micali
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Center for Eating and feeding Disorders research, Psychiatric Centre Ballerup, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental disorders, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas M Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fang Fang
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alfonso Buil
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.
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49
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Wang X, Cheng H, Feng M, Jiang B, Ren C, Chen Q, Zhi X, Li Y. Causality of genetically proxied immunophenotypes on cardiovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1344773. [PMID: 38887301 PMCID: PMC11181691 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1344773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) stand as the foremost global cause of mortality, prompting a growing interest in using the potential of immune cells for heart injury treatment. This study aims to assess the causal association between immune cells and CVDs. Methods A total of 731 immune cells were derived from a previously published genome-wide association study (GWAS), which included approximately 22 million genetic variants among 3,757 individuals of Sardinian ancestry. Genetic associations with atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction and stroke were extracted from large-scale GWAS. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to assess the causal association between immune cells and CVDs. Replication MR analysis based on FinnGen dataset and meta-analysis are sequentially conducted to validate causal relationships. Results Collectively, genetically predicted 4 immune cell traits were associated with AF and 5 immune cell traits were associated with stroke. Increased levels of IgD- CD38dim absolute count were associated with a higher susceptibility to AF, while increased expression of CD14+ CD16+ monocytes, CD62L on CD62L+ myeloid dendritic cells, and CD16 on CD14- CD16+ monocytes were linked to a decreased susceptibility to AF. Additionally, an elevated susceptibility to stroke was linked to an increase in the percentage of CD39+ resting Tregs and heightened CD27 expression on IgD- CD38+ cells. Conversely, a decreased susceptibility to stroke was associated with increased CD40 expression on monocytes, particularly on CD14+ CD16+ and CD14+ CD16- monocytes, with the latter two showing the most compelling evidence. Conclusion This study identified several immune cell traits that have a causal relationship with CVDs, thus confirming that immune cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehan Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Huixin Cheng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Meng Feng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chunzhen Ren
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qilin Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhi
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yingdong Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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50
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Andreu‐Sánchez S, Ahmad S, Kurilshikov A, Beekman M, Ghanbari M, van Faassen M, van den Munckhof ICL, Steur M, Harms A, Hankemeier T, Ikram MA, Kavousi M, Voortman T, Kraaij R, Netea MG, Rutten JHW, Riksen NP, Zhernakova A, Kuipers F, Slagboom PE, van Duijn CM, Fu J, Vojinovic D. Unraveling interindividual variation of trimethylamine N-oxide and its precursors at the population level. IMETA 2024; 3:e183. [PMID: 38898991 PMCID: PMC11183189 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a circulating microbiome-derived metabolite implicated in the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We investigated whether plasma levels of TMAO, its precursors (betaine, carnitine, deoxycarnitine, choline), and TMAO-to-precursor ratios are associated with clinical outcomes, including CVD and mortality. This was followed by an in-depth analysis of their genetic, gut microbial, and dietary determinants. The analyses were conducted in five Dutch prospective cohort studies including 7834 individuals. To further investigate association results, Mendelian Randomization (MR) was also explored. We found only plasma choline levels (hazard ratio [HR] 1.17, [95% CI 1.07; 1.28]) and not TMAO to be associated with CVD risk. Our association analyses uncovered 10 genome-wide significant loci, including novel genomic regions for betaine (6p21.1, 6q25.3), choline (2q34, 5q31.1), and deoxycarnitine (10q21.2, 11p14.2) comprising several metabolic gene associations, for example, CPS1 or PEMT. Furthermore, our analyses uncovered 68 gut microbiota associations, mainly related to TMAO-to-precursors ratios and the Ruminococcaceae family, and 16 associations of food groups and metabolites including fish-TMAO, meat-carnitine, and plant-based food-betaine associations. No significant association was identified by the MR approach. Our analyses provide novel insights into the TMAO pathway, its determinants, and pathophysiological impact on the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Andreu‐Sánchez
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Metabolomics & Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Center for Drug ResearchLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Alexander Kurilshikov
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Marian Beekman
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data SciencesLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Martijn van Faassen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherland
| | - Inge C. L. van den Munckhof
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Marinka Steur
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Amy Harms
- Metabolomics & Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Center for Drug ResearchLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Metabolomics & Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Center for Drug ResearchLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Robert Kraaij
- Department of Internal MedicineErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Joost H. W. Rutten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Niels P. Riksen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Zhernakova
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherland
- European Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - P. Eline Slagboom
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data SciencesLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Jingyuan Fu
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of EpidemiologyErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data SciencesLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
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