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Sun Y, Luo D, Guan K, Luo X. Meeting 24-h movement behavior guidelines is associated with academic engagement, social-emotional functioning in obese/overweight youth. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2024; 56:101863. [PMID: 38820658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 24-h movement behavior (24-HMB) guidelines suggest that the integration of adequate sleep (SL), increased physical activity (PA), and limited screen time (ST) has general health benefits. However, associations of meeting integrated guidelines with academic engagement and social-emotional functioning among obese/overweight youth have yet to be fully examined. Thus, we aimed to investigate the associations between meeting 24-HMB guidelines and the above-presented outcome measures among this unique group. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 2800 children and adolescents (youth aged 6-17 years old) that were retrieved from the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) were included for data analysis. Exposure of interests included adherence to 24-HMB guideline(s), while indicators of academic engagement and social-emotional functioning were operationalized. Furthermore, multiple logistic regression was conducted while adjusting for social-demographic variables including age, sex, ethnicity, household income, parental education level and mental health status. RESULTS The percentages of meeting 24-HMB guidelines varied greatly across different combinations: 1399 participants (49.96 %) met 1 of the 3 guidelines, 580 participants (20.91 %) met 2 guidelines, while only 91 participants (2.94 %) met all 3 guidelines. Meeting integrated guidelines was selectively associated with higher odds of indicators (showing interest/curiosity in learning, caring about school performance, and completing all required homework) of academic engagement. Additionally, Meeting SL + ST guideline (OR = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.29-0.93, p < 00.05) was associated with lower odds of serious difficulty in concentrating, remembering, and making decisions, while meeting ST + SL guideline (OR = 1.67, 95%CI: 1.03-2.69, p < 00.05) was more likely to be good at making and keeping friendships. Furthermore, meeting all 3 guidelines was associated with less argumentative behaviors (OR = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.33-0.99, p < 00.05) and a higher level of resilience (OR = 3.51, 95%CI: 1.88-6.54, p < 00.01), while meeting any two integrated guidelines was associated with a higher level of resilience (OR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.09-2.71, p < 00.05). CONCLUSION Findings have indicated the role of meeting 24-HMB guidelines, especially integrated guidelines in the healthy development of obese/overweight youth. Policymakers should implement a long-term plan for this unique group to engage in physical activity, achieve enough sleep, and limit screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Sun
- Institute of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, 100191, Beijing, China.
| | - Danfangjun Luo
- Institute of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, 100191, Beijing, China.
| | - Kaiqi Guan
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xun Luo
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, Guangdong, China.
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Chen S, Zhang H, Gao M, Machado DB, Jin H, Scherer N, Sun W, Sha F, Smythe T, Ford TJ, Kuper H. Dose-Dependent Association Between Body Mass Index and Mental Health and Changes Over Time. JAMA Psychiatry 2024; 81:797-806. [PMID: 38748415 PMCID: PMC11097104 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Importance Overweight and obesity affect 340 million adolescents worldwide and constitute a risk factor for poor mental health. Understanding the association between body mass index (BMI) and mental health in adolescents may help to address rising mental health issues; however, existing studies lack comprehensive evaluations spanning diverse countries and periods. Objective To estimate the association between BMI and mental health and examine changes over time from 2002 to 2018. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a repeated multicountry cross-sectional study conducted between 2002 and 2018 and utilizing data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey in Europe and North America. The study population consisted of more than 1 million adolescents aged 11 to 15 years, with all surveyed children included in the analysis. Data were analyzed from October 2022 to March 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures Mental health difficulties were measured by an 8-item scale for psychological concerns, scoring from 0 to 32, where a higher score reflects greater psychosomatic issues. BMI was calculated using weight divided by height squared and adjusted for age and sex. Data were fitted by multilevel generalized additive model. Confounders included sex, living with parents, sibling presence, academic pressure, the experience of being bullied, family affluence, screen time, and physical activity. Results Our analysis of 1 036 869 adolescents surveyed from 2002 to 2018, with a mean (SD) age of 13.55 (1.64) years and comprising 527 585 girls (50.9%), revealed a consistent U-shaped association between BMI and mental health. After accounting for confounders, adolescents with low body mass and overweight or obesity had increased psychosomatic symptoms compared to those with healthy weight (unstandardized β, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.19; unstandardized β, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.30; and unstandardized β, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.67, respectively), while adolescents with underweight had fewer symptoms (unstandardized β, -0.18; 95% CI, -0.22 to -0.15). This association was observed across different years, sex, and grade, indicating a broad relevance to adolescent mental health. Compared to 2002, psychosomatic concerns increased significantly in 2006 (unstandardized β, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.26), 2010 (unstandardized β, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.22), 2014 (unstandardized β, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.40 to 0.56), and 2018 (unstandardized β, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.89). Girls reported significantly higher psychosomatic concerns than boys (unstandardized β, 2.27; 95% CI, 2.25 to 2.30). Compared to primary school, psychosomatic concerns rose significantly in middle school (unstandardized β, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.18) and in high school (unstandardized β, 2.12; 95% CI, 2.09 to 2.15). Conclusions and Relevance Our study revealed a U-shaped association between adolescent BMI and mental health, which was consistent across sex and grades and became stronger over time. These insights emphasize the need for targeted interventions addressing body image and mental health, and call for further research into underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanquan Chen
- International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Gao
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daiane Borges Machado
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health, Fiocruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Huajie Jin
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nathaniel Scherer
- International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Sha
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tracey Smythe
- International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tamsin J. Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Kuper
- International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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De Visser HS, Dufault B, Brunton N N, McGavock J. Early life adversity and obesity risk in adolescence: a 9-year population-based prospective cohort study. Pediatr Res 2024; 96:216-222. [PMID: 38267708 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few prospective studies of factors that mediate the association between exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and obesity in adolescence. Our aim was to address this limitation. METHODS We used prospective data from the Growing up in Ireland cohort study, with measurements at 9, 13, and 18 years old. The exposures were 14 adverse experiences before age 9. The main outcome was body mass index (BMI) at 18 years. Mediators were daily activity, diet quality, self-image and behavioural difficulties at 13 years. RESULTS Among the 4561 adolescents in the final cohort, 77.2% experienced any adversity, 50.5% were female and 26.7% were overweight/obese at 18 years. BMI Z was higher at ages 9 (0.54 vs 0.43, p < 0.05, 95% CI of difference: -0.22, -0.01) and 13 years (0.50 vs 0.35, p < 0.05, 95% CI of difference: -0.25, -0.06), in those exposed to an ACE, compared to those unexposed. Structural equation models revealed that behavioural difficulties (β = 0.01; 95% CI: 0.007-0.018, p < 0.001) and self-concept (β = 0.0027; 95% CI: 0.0004-0.0050, p = 0.026) indirectly mediate the association between exposure to ACEs and BMI at 18 years. CONCLUSIONS The association between ACEs and BMI in adolescence is mediated by behavioural difficulties and self-concept. IMPACT In a previous study, we found modest associations between exposure to a range of adverse childhood experiences and weight gain at 13 years of age. The strength of the association between adverse childhood experiences and weight gain was lower at 18 years of age compared to the association observed at 13 years and was no longer significant after controlling for confounding and including possible mediators. The association between adverse childhood experiences and BMI in adolescence is indirectly mediated by behavioural difficulties and self-concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Steiman De Visser
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- The Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Brenden Dufault
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Nicole Brunton N
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- The Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jonathan McGavock
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- The Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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Nogueira GN, de Araújo MB, de Matos E Souza FG, Bisol LW. How could a meta-analysis not incorporate all pertinent studies concerning obesity and depressive disorders? Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13284. [PMID: 38848210 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fabio Gomes de Matos E Souza
- Clinical Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Psychiatric Service, University Hospital Walter Cantídio, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Luisa Weber Bisol
- Clinical Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Psychiatric Service, University Hospital Walter Cantídio, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Dakanalis A, Voulgaridou G, Alexatou O, Papadopoulou SK, Jacovides C, Pritsa A, Chrysafi M, Papacosta E, Kapetanou MG, Tsourouflis G, Antonopoulou M, Mitsiou M, Antasouras G, Giaginis C. Overweight and Obesity Is Associated with Higher Risk of Perceived Stress and Poor Sleep Quality in Young Adults. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:983. [PMID: 38929600 PMCID: PMC11206025 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Overweight and obesity are growing public health challenges, particularly concerning young adults. University life presents a unique set of stressors that may influence weight management alongside sleep quality. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to investigate the association between overweight or obesity, stress, and sleep quality in a large sample of Greek university students. Materials and Methods: The study recruited 2116 active students from across various Greek universities. Participants completed questionnaires on sociodemographics, academic performance, and physical activity levels using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Stress and sleep quality were assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Body weight and height were directly measured to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI). Results: Our analysis of 2116 Greek university students revealed significant associations between various factors and overweight/obesity. Compared to their rural counterparts, young adults in urban areas had an 88% higher prevalence of overweight/obesity (p = 0.0056). Regular smokers were twice as likely to be overweight or obese (p = 0.0012). Notably, those with low physical activity levels displayed a more than two-fold increased risk (p = 0.0008) compared to those with moderate or high activity levels. Similarly, students with moderate or high perceived stress levels had a more than two-fold prevalence of overweight/obesity compared to those with low stress (p = 0.0005). Inadequate sleep quality was also associated with an 86% higher risk of overweight/obesity (p = 0.0007). Interestingly, good academic performance showed a 57% greater prevalence of overweight/obesity compared to very good/excellent performance (p = 0.0103). Conclusions: Our findings reveal that perceived stress and poor sleep quality are significant risk factors for overweight and obesity in this young adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Dakanalis
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Gavriela Voulgaridou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (S.K.P.); (C.J.); (A.P.)
| | - Olga Alexatou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (O.A.); (M.C.); (M.G.K.); (M.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (S.K.P.); (C.J.); (A.P.)
| | - Constantina Jacovides
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (S.K.P.); (C.J.); (A.P.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (O.A.); (M.C.); (M.G.K.); (M.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Agathi Pritsa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.V.); (S.K.P.); (C.J.); (A.P.)
| | - Maria Chrysafi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (O.A.); (M.C.); (M.G.K.); (M.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Elena Papacosta
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, School of Education and Social Sciences, Frederick University, 3080 Limassol, Cyprus;
| | - Maria G. Kapetanou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (O.A.); (M.C.); (M.G.K.); (M.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Gerasimos Tsourouflis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Marina Antonopoulou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (O.A.); (M.C.); (M.G.K.); (M.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Maria Mitsiou
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Georgios Antasouras
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (O.A.); (M.C.); (M.G.K.); (M.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece; (O.A.); (M.C.); (M.G.K.); (M.A.); (G.A.)
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Kiss O, Baker FC, Palovics R, Dooley EE, Pettee Gabriel K, Nagata JM. Using explainable machine learning and fitbit data to investigate predictors of adolescent obesity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12563. [PMID: 38821981 PMCID: PMC11143310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60811-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors (sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behavior) may predict obesity risk in early adolescence; a critical period during the life course. Analyzing data from 2971 participants (M = 11.94, SD = 0.64 years) wearing Fitbit Charge HR 2 devices in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, glass box machine learning models identified obesity predictors from Fitbit-derived measures of sleep, cardiovascular fitness, and sociodemographic status. Key predictors of obesity include identifying as Non-White race, low household income, later bedtime, short sleep duration, variable sleep timing, low daily step counts, and high heart rates (AUCMean = 0.726). Findings highlight the importance of inadequate sleep, physical inactivity, and socioeconomic disparities, for obesity risk. Results also show the clinical applicability of wearables for continuous monitoring of sleep and cardiovascular fitness in adolescents. Identifying the tipping points in the predictors of obesity risk can inform interventions and treatment strategies to reduce obesity rates in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Kiss
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
| | - Fiona C Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Robert Palovics
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Erin E Dooley
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Jason M Nagata
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Qiu G, Riley JM, Dikdan S, Johnson D, Masood I, Hajduczok AG, Shipon D. Relationship Between Obesity and Youth Athletes' Physical Activity and Exercise-Related Cardiac Symptoms. Child Obes 2024. [PMID: 38621158 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2023.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Background: While studies have identified the negative cardiovascular effects of obesity, the effects of obesity on youth athletes are less studied. This study investigates the associations between obesity in youth athletes and exercise activity and exertional cardiac symptoms. Methods: The HeartBytes National Youth Database produced by Simon's Heart, a nonprofit that organizes adolescents' sports pre-participation examinations (PPEs), was used. This database contains demographic data, exercise-related symptoms, and electrocardiogram data obtained during PPEs. BMI was converted to percentiles, with obesity defined as BMI ≥95th percentile. Outcomes were evaluated using a chi-squared test with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Of 7363 patients, there were 634 individuals with obesity. Youth athletes within normal weight ranges (5th-85th percentile) had higher exercise rates than those with underweight, overweight, or obesity (p < 0.001 for each). Athletes with obesity had higher odds of exertional symptoms overall (OR: 1.63 [CI: 1.36-1.96]; p < 0.001). However, for athletes who exercised >10 hours a week, there was no association between obesity and exertional symptoms. Athletes with obesity had higher odds of elevated blood pressure (OR: 5.35 [CI: 2.00-14.30]; p < 0.001) and hypercholesterolemia (OR: 3.84 [CI: 2.51-5.86]; p < 0.001). Conclusions: In this dataset, obesity in youth athletes is associated with decreased physical activity and increased exertional symptoms in general. Obesity is not associated with exertional symptoms in athletes who participated in higher weekly physical activity. Further studies are needed to elucidate the cause-effect relationship of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Qiu
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua M Riley
- Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sean Dikdan
- Division of Cardiology, Jefferson Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Temple Heart and Vascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at the Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Drew Johnson
- Division of Cardiology, Jefferson Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Imran Masood
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander G Hajduczok
- Division of Cardiology, Jefferson Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Shipon
- Division of Cardiology, Jefferson Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Guerrini Usubini A, Bottacchi M, Bondesan A, Frigerio F, Marazzi N, Castelnuovo G, Sartorio A. Emotional and Behavioral Impairment and Comorbid Eating Disorder Symptoms in Adolescents with Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2068. [PMID: 38610833 PMCID: PMC11012653 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13072068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The current study aims to assess the psychological conditions of Italian adolescents with obesity seeking an in-hospital multidisciplinary body weight reduction program, by exploring their psychological adjustment, emotional states, and co-occurring eating disorder symptoms. Methods: The study involved ninety-two consecutive Italian adolescents with obesity (31 males, 61 females), with a mean age ± SD: 16.4 ± 1.1 years and body mass index (BMI): 38.3 ± 6.04 kg/m2). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26) were used for the evaluations. Differences between genders, degrees of obesity (Group 1 = BMI SDS 2-2.99 and Group 2: BMI SDS > 3), and those with or without eating disorder symptoms (Group 1: EAT-26 ≤ 20 and Group 2: EAT-26 > 20) were explored. Results: The results showed that females reported higher scores on the Emotional Symptoms, Prosocial Behaviors, Total Difficulties, and Total Impact subscales of the SDQ, the BDI, both subscales of the STAI, and the Bulimia subscales of the EAT-26 than males, independently from the degrees of obesity. Participants with eating disorder symptoms (Group 2: EAT-26 > 20) showed higher scores on the Emotional Symptoms and Total Difficulties subscales of the SDQ, the BDI, and both subscales of the STAI than those of Group 1 (EAT-26 ≤ 20). Conclusions: The study explores the psychological conditions of adolescents with obesity. The results can inform appropriate treatment approaches for the management of obesity in developmental age groups, which not only take into account the medical and physical aspects of obesity, but also the behavioral, emotional, and social difficulties expressed by adolescents, in addition to specific eating disorder symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Guerrini Usubini
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20145 Milan, Italy; (M.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Michela Bottacchi
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20145 Milan, Italy; (M.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Adele Bondesan
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 28824 Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy; (A.B.); (F.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Francesca Frigerio
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 28824 Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy; (A.B.); (F.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Nicoletta Marazzi
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20145 Milan, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20145 Milan, Italy; (M.B.); (G.C.)
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 28824 Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy; (A.B.); (F.F.); (A.S.)
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20145 Milan, Italy;
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Gu W, Yu X, Tan Y, Yu Z, Zhu J. Association between weight, weight perception, weight teasing and mental health among adolescents. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:39. [PMID: 38521915 PMCID: PMC10960988 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent mental health problems are becoming increasingly prevalent, and there are correlations between weight-related concerns and adolescent mental health. The aim of this study is to explore the association between three weight-related factors (actual weight, weight perception, and weight teasing) and mental health problems (depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and loneliness) in Chinese adolescents. METHODS 10,070 adolescents between the ages of 11-18 from schools in Shanghai, China were selected using a stratified random cluster sampling method. Self-reported questionnaires were collected to investigate weight-related factors and mental health problems. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship. RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms, loneliness, mild anxiety symptoms, and moderate to severe anxiety symptoms among adolescents were 18.0%, 53.8%, 26.5%, and 12.3%, respectively, with a higher prevalence found in females. After adjusting for weight perception and weight teasing, actual weight had no harmful impact on adolescents' mental health. Adolescents' perception of being overweight increased the risk of depressive symptoms, loneliness, mild anxiety symptoms, and moderate to severe anxiety symptoms, while the perception of being underweight had a similar but more profound impact (depressive symptoms OR = 1.590, 95% CI: 1.342-1.883; loneliness OR = 1.537, 95% CI: 1.353-1.746; mild anxiety symptoms OR = 1.368, 95% CI: 1.178-1.589; moderate to severe anxiety symptoms OR = 1.780, 95% CI: 1.449-2.186). Experiencing weight teasing more than once a year had a greater effect on adolescents' mental health, especially among adolescents with overweight/obesity (depressive symptoms OR = 2.970, 95% CI: 2.325-3.793; loneliness OR = 3.839, 95% CI: 3.119-4.727; mild anxiety symptoms OR = 2.822, 95% CI: 2.236-3.562; moderate to severe anxiety symptoms OR = 5.212, 95% CI: 3.846-7.065). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of mental health problems among adolescents was high, especially loneliness. Weight perception and weight teasing, but not the actual weight, independently influenced adolescent mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Gu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinliang Tan
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiping Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jingfen Zhu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Hidestrand P, Svensson B, Simpson P, Liuba P, Weismann CG. Impact of Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity on Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Tetralogy of Fallot Variants. Pediatr Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00246-024-03416-w. [PMID: 38506963 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-024-03416-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Traditional cardiovascular risk factors put patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) at increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether body mass index (BMI) is associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with variants of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Patients and parents of children with variants of TOF-CHD were asked to fill out the PedsQL 4.0 questionnaire and provide weight and length. Patients were categorized into low, normal, and high BMI percentiles. Other demographic data were obtained from the Swedish national registry for congenital heart disease (SWEDCON). Statistical analyses included non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher exact, and Chi-square tests. Eighty-five patients were included. Twelve were overweight or obese, 57 had a normal BMI, and 16 were underweight. There was a significant difference in age and gender between the groups. Comparing overweight/obese children to those with normal BMI, physical and social functioning were impaired, while emotional and school function were comparable between the groups. This applied to both child and parental assessment. When comparing underweight to normal weight children, school functioning assessed by the parent was the only domain significantly different from patients with a normal BMI. Children with variants of TOF and overweight/obesity have lower HRQoL, particularly in physical and social functioning, while underweight children may have impaired school functioning. We suggest that preventive measures aimed at maintaining a normal weight should be taken early in life to reduce long-term cardiovascular risk in the CHD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pip Hidestrand
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Birgitta Svensson
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pippa Simpson
- Division of Quantitative Health Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Petru Liuba
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Constance G Weismann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
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Galler A, Thönnes A, Joas J, Joisten C, Körner A, Reinehr T, Röbl M, Schauerte G, Siegfried W, Weghuber D, Weihrauch-Blüher S, Wiegand S, Holl RW, Prinz N. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of children, adolescents and young adults with overweight or obesity and mental health disorders. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:423-432. [PMID: 38195831 PMCID: PMC10896720 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01449-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental disorders are important comorbidities in youth with obesity. Aim was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcome of youth with overweight or obesity having comorbid mental disorders. METHODS Data from children, adolescents, and young adults (age 6-30 years) with overweight or obesity and mental disorders (depression, anxiety disorder, eating disorder, attention deficit disorder (ADHD)) from 226 centers in Germany and Austria participating in the Adiposity Patient Registry (APV) were analyzed and compared with those without reported mental disorders using regression modeling. RESULTS Mental health comorbidity was reported in a total of 3969 out of 114,248 individuals with overweight or obesity: 42.5% had ADHD, 31.3% anxiety disorders, 24.3% depression, and 12.9% eating disorders. Being male (OR 1.39 (95%CI 1.27;1.52)), of older age (1.42 (1.25;1.62)), or with extreme obesity (1.45 (1.30;1.63)) were most strongly associated with mental health comorbidity. Regression analysis showed that mean BMI-SDS was significantly higher in the group of individuals with depression and eating disorders (BMI-SDS 2.13 (lower; upper mean:2.09;2.16) and 2.22 (2.17;2.26)) compared to those without reported mental health comorbidity (BMI-SDS 2.008 (2.005;2.011); p < 0.001). In youth with ADHD, BMI-SDS was lower compared to those without reported mental disorders (BMI-SDS 1.91 (1.89;1.93) vs 2.008 (2.005;2.011); p < 0.001). Proportion of severe obesity was higher in individuals with depression (23.7%), anxiety disorders (17.8%), and eating disorders (33.3%), but lower in ADHD (10.3%), compared to those without reported mental disorders (13.5%, p < 0.002). Proportions of dyslipidaemia and abnormal carbohydrate metabolism were not different in youth with and without reported mental health comorbidity. BMI-SDS change after one year of lifestyle intervention program ranged between -0.22 and -0.16 and was similar in youth without and with different mental disorders. CONCLUSION Health care professionals caring for youth with overweight or obesity should be aware of comorbid mental disorders and regular mental health screening should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Galler
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Angelika Thönnes
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie and Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jens Joas
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Homburg, Germany
| | - Christine Joisten
- Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Institut für Bewegungs- und Neurowissenschaft, Köln, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Markus Röbl
- Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität, Klinik für Kinder und Jugendmedizin, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Susanna Wiegand
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhard W Holl
- University of Ulm, Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nicole Prinz
- University of Ulm, Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
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12
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Esteban-Cornejo I, Lara-Jimenez I, Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Verdejo-Roman J, Catena A, Erickson KI, Ortega FB. Early morning physical activity is associated with healthier white matter microstructure and happier children: the ActiveBrains project. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:833-845. [PMID: 37058244 PMCID: PMC10894097 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02197-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The background of this study is to examine the associations of individual and combined early morning patterns (i.e., active commuting to school, physical activity before school, having breakfast and good sleep) with white matter microstructure (WMM) and, whether the associated white mater microstructure outcomes were related to mental health outcomes in children with overweight or obesity. 103 children with overweight or obesity (10.0 ± 1.1 years old, 42 girls) from the ActiveBrains project participated in this cross-sectional study. Early morning patterns and mental health indicators (i.e., self-esteem, optimism, positive and negative affect, stress, depression and anxiety) were self-reported by the children using validated questionnaires. WMM was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging using diffusion tensor imaging. When examined independently, early morning patterns were not related with WMM (all P > 0.05). However, the combination of early morning patterns was related with WMM (P < 0.05). Specifically, physically active early morning patterns (i.e., active commuting to school and physical activity before school) were associated with global fractional anisotropy (FA) (β = 0.298, P = 0.013) and global radial diffusivity (RD) (β = - 0.272, P = 0.021), as well as with tract-specific FA (β = 0.314, P = 0.004) and RD (β = - 0.234, P = 0.032) in the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). Furthermore, combined physically active early morning pattern-associated global (i.e., FA and RD) and tract-specific (i.e., FA and RD in the SLF) WMM indicators were positively associated with happiness (β absolute value range from 0.252 to 0.298, all P < 0.05). A combination of physically active early morning patterns may positively relate to white matter microstructure in children with overweight or obesity, and, in turn, happiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Esteban-Cornejo
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Lara-Jimenez
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Rodriguez-Ayllon
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juan Verdejo-Roman
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Andres Catena
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Kirk I Erickson
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Department of Psychology, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- AdventHealth Research Institute, Neuroscience, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskyla, Finland
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Shah SA, Khan NA, Qureshi FG. Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery in Children: Current Practices and Outcomes. Curr Obes Rep 2024; 13:77-86. [PMID: 38172474 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-023-00540-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review will examine the most current evidence for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (MBS) in the pediatric population, specifically in terms of weight loss outcomes and improvement in comorbid conditions and complications. Additionally, we compare surgical and non-surgical interventions, review current guidelines, and propose a stepwise evidence-based approach to the management of obesity in children. RECENT FINDINGS MBS is a safe option for appropriately selected pediatric patients which leads to significant and sustained weight loss. This weight loss is associated with improvement of related comorbid conditions. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has emerged as the procedure of choice with a better safety profile. Despite the evidence, very few adolescents undergo MBS. New pharmacologic agents specifically the GLP-1/GIP agents have shown early promise especially in patients under body mass index 40, but the long-term effects are unknown. MBS is an effective tool in the management of pediatric obesity, and its use has been recommended by professional societies. Early referral to a multidisciplinary obesity team can help identify appropriate patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noor A Khan
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Mercy Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Faisal G Qureshi
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and, Children's Medical Center Dallas, 1935 Medical District Drive, D2000, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.
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Chen Y, Zhang J, Yuan L, Hu H, Li T, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Wang M, Huo W, Gao Y, Ke Y, Wang L, Zhang W, Fu X, Li X, Hu F, Zhang M, Sun L, Hu D. Obesity and risk of depressive disorder in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13237. [PMID: 38410046 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This meta-analysis evaluated the relationship between overweight/obesity and depressive disorders in children and adolescents. METHODS We examined the databases of PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for pertinent observational studies released up until 20 February 2022. The pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of obesity and overweight with depressive disorder were calculated by means of random-effects models. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality scale were adopted to evaluate the study quality. RESULTS Finally, for this meta-analysis, we evaluated 22 observational publications covering 175 135 participants (5 cohort study articles, 1 case-control study article and 16 cross-sectional study articles). A significant positive association was found between obesity and the risk of depression (RR 1.32, 95% CI 1.09-1.60, I2 = 79.90%, Pheterogeneity < 0.001) and in the association between obesity and depressive symptoms (RR 1.16, 95% CI: 1.00-1.35, I2 = 25.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.247). On sensitivity analysis, the pooled RRs remained robust. Subgroup analysis indicated that obese children and teenagers in western countries were more prone to depression. CONCLUSION Evidence from this meta-analysis, based on observational studies, supported the idea that obese children and adolescents are more likely to experience depression and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaobing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinli Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianze Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuying Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajuan Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamin Ke
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Longkang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueru Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fulan Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
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15
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Kleppang AL, Abildsnes E, Haraldstad K, Stea TH. Changes in health-related quality of life and sleep habits after a 6-month non-randomised cluster-controlled trial among children with overweight or obesity. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02375-0. [PMID: 38396227 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Being overweight or obese can have severe negative psychological impacts and reduce health-related functioning. To improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and sleep habits for children with overweight or obesity, it is important to design and implement effective interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 6-month family-based lifestyle intervention on HRQoL and sleep habits in Norwegian children with overweight or obesity in a primary-care setting. This 6-month, non-randomised, cluster-controlled trial included Norwegian children aged 5-13 years with overweight or obesity and their parents. A questionnaire was filled out by the parents. A total of 33 and 52 children in the control group and 41 and 78 children in the intervention group answered the HRQoL and sleep habits questions, respectively, and were included. The intervention group received individual family counselling and participated in physical activity groups and nutrition courses. The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and Kidscreen-10 index were used to assess sleep habits and HRQoL. At baseline, the mean average scores for HRQoL were 50.0 [standard deviation (SD) 8.1] for the intervention group and 49.0 (SD 10.1) for the control group. For sleep habits at baseline, the mean average scores were 45.2 (SD 11.8) for the intervention group and 46.0 (SD 11.9) for the control group. No significant changes in HRQoL and sleep habits after the intervention were revealed. Overall, the family-based lifestyle intervention targeting overweight and obese children in a primary-care setting showed no significant effect on HRQoL or sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Løvheim Kleppang
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Department of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Post-Box 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway.
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway.
| | - Eirik Abildsnes
- Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Haraldstad
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Department of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Post-Box 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Tonje Holte Stea
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Department of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Post-Box 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway
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Lazarev A, Nath S, Nguyen CQ, Demian AM, Bertasi RAO, Bertasi TGO, Pujalte GGA. Sports and Weight Control in Children. Cureus 2024; 16:e53731. [PMID: 38455821 PMCID: PMC10919905 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Pediatric obesity is a global concern with distressing comorbid conditions, including mood disturbance, cardiovascular changes, endocrine imbalance, liver disease, sleep apnea, and orthopedic conditions. The primary treatment of this condition includes physical activity. Participating in organized sports has been shown to reduce weight and the complications of pediatric obesity more effectively than individual exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artemii Lazarev
- Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Sahil Nath
- Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, USA
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Morishita T, Takemura M, Hayashi M, Saito K, Yamamoto Y, Tsurumi H, Matsunami H. Cohort profile: rationale and design of the Resource Center for Health Science (RECHS) project - a study of health hazards and medical cost burden among the Japanese population. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e077720. [PMID: 38307527 PMCID: PMC10836369 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The increased global burden of non-communicable diseases and mental disorders is an urgent health challenge for countries around the entire world, especially those experiencing super-ageing societies, where over 21% of the population is age 65 years or older. Japan is the world's most rapidly ageing society, and as a result, medical costs are also rising dramatically. With the aims of establishing a foundational framework for future research efforts, primarily focusing on the development of a personal health record (PHR) system, and creating a long-term repository for bioresources integrated with PHRs, this study investigated potential health risks and future healthcare burdens based on a longitudinal analysis of health records. PARTICIPANTS The Resource Center for Health Science (RECHS) project is a long-term, prospective biobank project, population and health check-up-based cohort that primarily investigates the associations between lifestyle and environmental factors and some surrogate markers of non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Starting in 2010, we initiated an annual cohort study among voluntary participants recruited from health check-up programmes and collected data from the following sources: a self-administered baseline questionnaire that included items on dietary habits and stress, a Brief Self-Administered Diet History Questionnaire, the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and the General Health Questionnaire-28. FINDINGS TO DATE For this prospective cohort study, we planned to enrol approximately 10 000 participants. We collected and stored serum samples from all participants for future analyses. The study participants who still were able to participate in these health check-ups and their outcomes were then obtained from the measurements and questionnaire responses. FUTURE PLANS Insights emerging from the RECHS study can provide researchers and public health policy administrators with evidence to aid in the prevention of non-communicable diseases and clarify the most malleable status to implement preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuji Morishita
- Department of the Internal Medicine, Matsunami General Hospital, Hashima-gun, Gifu, Japan
- Matsunami Research Park, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masao Takemura
- Matsunami Research Park, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Disease Control Prevention, Fujita Health University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Makoto Hayashi
- Department of the Internal Medicine, Matsunami General Hospital, Hashima-gun, Gifu, Japan
- Matsunami Research Park, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Saito
- Matsunami Research Park, Gifu, Japan
- Department of Disease Control Prevention, Fujita Health University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aichi, Japan
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University, Graduate School of Health Sciences and Aino University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuko Yamamoto
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University, Graduate School of Health Sciences and Aino University, Aichi, Japan
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Wang X, Wu Y, Fu L, Fu X, Pang C, Zang S. Inter-relationships of obesity-related eating behavior with depression and anxiety among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A network analysis. Appetite 2024; 192:107120. [PMID: 37972655 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted individuals' mental health, resulting in a higher incidence of depression, anxiety, and changes in eating behaviors. The objective of this study is to examine the inter-relationships among obesity-related eating behavior, depression, and anxiety in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, utilizing a network analysis method. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among a representative sample of 9091 adults between July 10 and September 15, 2021. Participants completed self-report measures to assess obesity-related eating behavior and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Network analysis was employed to investigate the inter-relationships among these variables. The network analysis revealed that item 2 (i.e., Do not feel satisfied unless I eat until full) exhibited the highest node strength within the network, followed by item 5 (i.e., Like oily foods). In addition, positive correlations were found between the severity of depression and anxiety and most of the obesity-related eating behavior items. These findings offer valuable insights into the interplay between obesity-related eating behavior, depression, and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic, underscoring the significance of considering these factors in comprehending and addressing mental health and well-being in adults. Further research is warranted to explore potential interventions and treatment approaches that specifically target the identified relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, China.
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Li Fu
- Nursing Department, Guangzhou Elderly Home, No.1288 Guangcong 10th Road, Zhongluotan Town, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510550, China.
| | - Xiao Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao West Coast New District Central Hospital, No.9 Huangpujiang Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266555, China.
| | - Chang Pang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, No.20 Bei Jiu Road, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110002, China.
| | - Shuang Zang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, China.
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19
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Piątkowska-Chmiel I, Krawiec P, Ziętara KJ, Pawłowski P, Samardakiewicz M, Pac-Kożuchowska E, Herbet M. The Impact of Chronic Stress Related to COVID-19 on Eating Behaviors and the Risk of Obesity in Children and Adolescents. Nutrients 2023; 16:54. [PMID: 38201884 PMCID: PMC10780384 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in the incidence of overweight and obesity in children was observed. It appears that unhealthy food choices, an unbalanced diet, and a sedentary lifestyle, as well as experiencing stress related to the pandemic, may be contributing to this disturbing trend. Chronic stress is a significant factor contributing to eating disorders and obesity in youngsters, involving medical, molecular, and psychological elements. Individuals under chronic stress often focus on appearance and weight, leading to negative body image and disrupted relationships with food, resulting in unhealthy eating behaviors. Chronic stress also impacts hormonal balance, reducing the satiety hormone leptin and elevating the appetite-stimulating hormone ghrelin, fostering increased hunger and uncontrolled snacking. Two systems, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic system with the adrenal medulla, are activated in response to stress, causing impaired secretion of noradrenaline and cortisol. Stress-related obesity mechanisms encompass oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, insulin resistance, and neurohormonal and neurotransmission disorders. Stress induces insulin resistance, elevating obesity risk by disrupting blood sugar regulation and fat storage. Stress also affects the gut microbiome, potentially influencing chronic inflammation and metabolic processes linked to obesity. In conclusion, chronic stress is a multifaceted risk factor for eating disorders and obesity in children, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of effective preventive and intervention strategies amid the escalating prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Piątkowska-Chmiel
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b Street, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Paulina Krawiec
- Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Al. Racławickie 1 Street, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (P.K.); (E.P.-K.)
| | - Karolina Joanna Ziętara
- Student Scientific Association at the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.J.Z.); (P.P.)
| | - Piotr Pawłowski
- Student Scientific Association at the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.J.Z.); (P.P.)
| | - Marzena Samardakiewicz
- Department of Psychology, Psychosocial Aspects of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 7 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Elżbieta Pac-Kożuchowska
- Department of Paediatrics and Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Al. Racławickie 1 Street, 20-059 Lublin, Poland; (P.K.); (E.P.-K.)
| | - Mariola Herbet
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b Street, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
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20
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Ek A, Brissman M, Nordin K, Eli K, Nowicka P. A long-term follow-up of treatment for young children with obesity: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:1152-1160. [PMID: 37723272 PMCID: PMC10599998 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01373-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early childhood obesity interventions supporting parents have the largest effects on child weight status. However, long-term follow-ups are lacking. OBJECTIVE To examine weight status 48 months after obesity treatment initiation for 4- to 6-year-olds. METHODS 177 families were recruited to the More and Less study, a 12-month randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted in Sweden (2012-2017); 6 children were excluded due to medical diagnoses. Thus, 171 families (non-Swedish origin 59%, university degree 40%) were eligible for this 48-month follow-up with modified intention-to-treat (n = 114 had 48-month data, n = 34 dropped out, n = 23 lost to follow-up). The RCT compared 3 treatment approaches: a 10-week parent support program (1.5 h/w) with follow-up booster sessions (PGB) or without (PGNB), and standard outpatient treatment (ST). Treatment effects on primary outcome (BMI-SDS) and secondary outcomes (BMI, %IOTF25 i.e., the distance, in percent, above the cut-off for overweight) were assessed. Clinically significant reduction of BMI-SDS (≥0.5) was assessed with risk ratio. Sociodemographic factors and attendance were examined by three-way interactions. RESULTS After 48 months (mean 50 months, range 38-67 months) mean (95% CI) BMI-SDS was reduced in all groups: PGB -0.45 (-0.18 to -0.73, p < 0.001), PGNB -0.34 (-0.13 to -0.55, p < 0.001), ST -0.25 (-0.10 to -0.40, p < 0.001), no significant difference between groups. A clinically significant reduction of BMI-SDS ≥ 0.5 was obtained in 53.7% of PGB which was twice as likely compared to ST, 33.0%, RR 2.03 (1.27 to 3.27, p = 0.003), with no difference to PGNB, 46.6% (p = 0.113). %IOTF25 was unchanged from baseline for PGB 4.50 (-1.64 to 10.63), and significantly lower compared to ST 11.92 (8.40 to 15.44) (p = 0.043). Sociodemographics or attendance had no effect. CONCLUSION The intensive parent-support early childhood obesity intervention led to better weight status outcomes over time, though BMI-SDS alone did not reflect this. Further research should investigate how to assess weight changes in growing children. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01792531 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ek
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Pediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Markus Brissman
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Pediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Allied Health Professionals Function, Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Nordin
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Pediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Eli
- Unit for Biocultural Variation and Obesity, School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Paulina Nowicka
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Pediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Food Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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21
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Moursi N, Tanofsky-Kraff M, Parker M, Loch L, Bloomer B, Te-Vazquez J, Nwosu E, Lazareva J, Yang SB, Turner S, Brady S, Yanovski J. Changes in Food Consumption, BMI, and Body Composition in Youth in the US during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6796. [PMID: 37754655 PMCID: PMC10531233 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20186796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Rates of childhood overweight/obesity have risen for decades; however, data show the prevalence increased at a faster rate during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pandemic-associated increases in youth's body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) have been attributed to decreases in reported physical activity; few studies have examined changes in food intake. We therefore examined changes in total energy, nutrient consumption, BMI, BMIz, and adiposity longitudinally over 3 years, comparing healthy youth aged 8-17 years assessed twice prior to the pandemic, to youth seen once before and once during the pandemic. The total energy intake and percent macronutrient consumption were assessed using a standardized, laboratory-based, buffet-style meal. Height and weight were measured and adiposity was collected via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Generalized linear model univariate analyses investigated differences between groups. One-hundred-fifteen youth (15.6 + 2.8 years 47.8% female; 54.8% White) from the Washington D.C., Maryland, and Virginia greater metropolitan area participated. In this secondary analysis, neither changes in total energy intake (p = 0.52) nor changes in nutrient consumption were significantly different between the two groups (ps = 0.23-0.83). Likewise, changes in BMI, BMIz, and adiposity (ps = 0.95-0.25) did not differ by group. Further research should investigate food intake and body composition, comparing youth with and without overweight/obesity to better identify those at greatest risk of excess weight gain during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasreen Moursi
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Room 1-3330, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.); (B.B.); (J.T.-V.); (E.N.); (J.L.); (S.B.); (J.Y.)
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Room 1-3330, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.); (B.B.); (J.T.-V.); (E.N.); (J.L.); (S.B.); (J.Y.)
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Megan Parker
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Room 1-3330, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.); (B.B.); (J.T.-V.); (E.N.); (J.L.); (S.B.); (J.Y.)
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Lucy Loch
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Room 1-3330, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.); (B.B.); (J.T.-V.); (E.N.); (J.L.); (S.B.); (J.Y.)
| | - Bess Bloomer
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Room 1-3330, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.); (B.B.); (J.T.-V.); (E.N.); (J.L.); (S.B.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jennifer Te-Vazquez
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Room 1-3330, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.); (B.B.); (J.T.-V.); (E.N.); (J.L.); (S.B.); (J.Y.)
| | - Ejike Nwosu
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Room 1-3330, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.); (B.B.); (J.T.-V.); (E.N.); (J.L.); (S.B.); (J.Y.)
| | - Julia Lazareva
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Room 1-3330, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.); (B.B.); (J.T.-V.); (E.N.); (J.L.); (S.B.); (J.Y.)
| | - Shanna B. Yang
- Nutrition Department, NIH Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.B.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Sara Turner
- Nutrition Department, NIH Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.B.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Sheila Brady
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Room 1-3330, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.); (B.B.); (J.T.-V.); (E.N.); (J.L.); (S.B.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jack Yanovski
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Room 1-3330, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (N.M.); (M.P.); (L.L.); (B.B.); (J.T.-V.); (E.N.); (J.L.); (S.B.); (J.Y.)
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22
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Ambrosio L, Mazzuca G, Maguolo A, Russo F, Cannata F, Vadalà G, Maffeis C, Papalia R, Denaro V. The burden of low back pain in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity: from pathophysiology to prevention and treatment strategies. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2023; 15:1759720X231188831. [PMID: 37694186 PMCID: PMC10492481 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x231188831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonspecific low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common causes of disability, affecting all individuals at least once in their lifetime. Such a condition is also becoming increasingly frequent in the pediatric population, especially in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. Furthermore, new-onset LBP during adolescence has been demonstrated to be a strong predictor of developing LBP later in life, contributing to poorer outcomes and increasing social and medical costs. Several causes and different mechanisms have been considered for the development of LBP in pediatric individuals affected by obesity. For this reason, planning adequate prevention and treatment strategies, mainly through conservative lifestyle changes, would be crucial to anticipate the negative consequences of persisting LBP in adulthood. The aim of this narrative review was to characterize the relationship between LBP and overweight/obesity in the pediatric population, highlighting epidemiological and pathophysiological aspects. In addition, prevention and treatment approaches will be reviewed considering the need to reduce the burden of LBP on this population. According to our search, LBP was more frequent in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity and has been associated with several anthropometric and lifestyle factors, including lumbar hyperlordosis, sedentary habits, physical inactivity, carrying a heavy schoolbag, low vitamin D levels, psychosocial ill-being, and premature intervertebral disc degeneration. Most of these conditions may be addressed with conservative strategies mainly consisting of dietary adjustments, physical exercise, education programs, and physical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ambrosio
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Mazzuca
- Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alice Maguolo
- Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Russo
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Cannata
- Operative Research Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Vadalà
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, Rome, 00128, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Maffeis
- Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rocco Papalia
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Denaro
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
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23
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Hill AJ, Pruckner DGJ, Schober T. Childhood Obesity and Health Care Utilization: Empirical Evidence from Austrian Administrative Data. Child Obes 2023; 19:391-398. [PMID: 36103290 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2022.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Increases in pediatric obesity have been associated with higher levels of health care utilization. There is currently a lack of knowledge on the therapeutic drivers of increased health care use. Objective: To examine the association between different measures of health care utilization and BMI among children. Methods: We linked cross-sectional administrative data from a regional health insurance fund in Austria with objectively measured BMI from routine school health examinations in 6-15-year-old children (n = 13,493). Differences in probabilities of annual health care utilization (drug prescriptions by therapeutic classification, physician visits by medical specialty, and hospitalizations) were compared between children with normal weight, overweight, or obesity using Probit regressions. Results: Children with obesity had a 1.6 and 8.6 percentage points (pp) higher probability of outpatient doctor visits and prescribed medication, respectively (all p < 0.05). Children with overweight were intermediate. There was a higher probability of consulting a general practitioner, pediatrician, or orthopedist, and higher levels of prescribing for children with obesity across most common drug groups. Children with obesity were ∼40% more likely to receive medication for musculoskeletal and for mental health problems. This was reflected in orthopedic clinic appointments but not in psychology clinics. There were no major differences by gender or age, or parental socioeconomic status. Conclusions: Our data show clear and objective evidence of higher health care utilization by children with obesity. This highlights the importance of policy interventions to curb obesity in children and young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Hill
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds School of Medicine, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Dr Gerald J Pruckner
- Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Aging, Health, and the Labor Market, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Thomas Schober
- Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Aging, Health, and the Labor Market, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
- New Zealand Work Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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24
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Wekwejt P, Wojda U, Kiryk A. Melanotan-II reverses memory impairment induced by a short-term HF diet. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115129. [PMID: 37478579 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A high-fat (HF) diet has been shown to increase the risk of neurological impairments and neurodegenerative disorders. The melanotropins used in this study have been associated with diet-related disorders; however, there is an absence of studies on their effect on diet-induced neurobehavioral conditions. Here, we investigated the possible relationship among diet, Melanotan-II (MT-II) targeting melanotropin receptors, and the behavior of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Surprisingly, even a short-term HF diet lasting for ∼ 1 % of the zebrafish's life had a strong developmental effect. Zebrafish fed the HF diet showed an impairment in recognition memory, elevated anxiety levels, and reduced exploratory propensity after just three weeks compared to zebrafish fed the control diet. These HF diet-induced abnormalities were reversed by MT-II. Animals fed a HF diet and treated with MT-II demonstrated recognition memory, anxiety, and exploratory behavior similar to the control group. This study provides evidence that even a short-term HF diet has an impact on memory and emotions and is the first study to show that MT-II reverses these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Wekwejt
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Wojda
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kiryk
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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25
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Ooi DSQ, Ong SG, Chia JMX, Lim YY, Ho CWL, Tay V, Vijaya K, Loke KY, Sng AA, Griva K, Lee YS. Quality of life and psychosocial outcomes among children with metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity. Pediatr Res 2023; 94:1089-1097. [PMID: 36949286 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02572-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and obesity-related morbidities are associated with poor psychosocial adjustment and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aims to examine HRQoL and psychosocial outcomes in children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO), and the effects of familial health on these outcomes. METHODS Four hundred and six children with BMI for age ≥ 97th percentile were classified as having MHO and MUO based on the absence or presence of metabolic abnormalities. HRQoL and psychosocial outcomes were assessed using validated questionnaires such as PedsQL and DASS-21. RESULTS There were no significant differences in HRQoL and psychosocial outcomes between children with MHO and children with MUO. Children with MUO and prior knowledge of existing metabolic conditions reported significantly lower total HRQoL (71.18 ± 17.42 vs. 75.34 ± 15.33), and higher depression (12.16 ± 11.80 vs. 8.95 ± 8.52) and stress (12.11 ± 8.21 vs. 10.04 ± 7.92) compared to children with MHO. Children with MUO who had fathers with metabolically unhealthy phenotype reported significantly lower total HRQoL (72.41 ± 15.67 vs. 76.82 ± 14.91) compared to children with MUO who had fathers with metabolically healthy phenotype. CONCLUSION Prior knowledge of existing metabolic abnormalities was associated with poorer HRQoL and mental health in children with obesity. Paternal metabolic health status influenced HRQoL in children with MUO. IMPACT First study that compared health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychosocial outcomes between children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and children with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). No significant differences in HRQoL and psychosocial outcomes between children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and children with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). Children with MUO who had prior knowledge of existing metabolic conditions reported lower HRQoL, higher depression and stress compared to children with MHO. Paternal metabolic health status was found to influence HRQoL in children with MUO. Mental health support intervention with paternal involvement should be provided for children with MUO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delicia Shu Qin Ooi
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Siong Gim Ong
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jace Ming Xuan Chia
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Sciences Building, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yvonne Yijuan Lim
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cindy Wei Li Ho
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Veronica Tay
- Youth Preventive Services Division, Health Promotion Board, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K Vijaya
- Youth Preventive Services Division, Health Promotion Board, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kah Yin Loke
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrew Anjian Sng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Konstadina Griva
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Sciences Building, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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Huang X, Sun Y, Wu A, Zhang X. Overweight or Obesity among Chinese Han People with Schizophrenia: Demographic, Clinical and Cognitive Correlations. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1245. [PMID: 37759846 PMCID: PMC10527401 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
People with schizophrenia are more likely to be afflicted by obesity or overweight compared to the general population. This study aimed to explore the incidence of overweight and obesity, clinical features and cognitive performance of Chinese Han patients with chronic schizophrenia who had overweight or obesity. We obtained data from 985 schizophrenia inpatients about overweight and obesity through body mass index (BMI). All patients were evaluated with the positive and negative syndrome scale, the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and the repeated battery for evaluation of the neuropsychological status (RBANS) scale. We collected demographic and clinical data using self-reported questionnaires. We divided patients into normal weight (BMI < 24 kg/m2), overweight (24 ≤ BMI < 28 kg/m2) and obese (≥28 kg/m2) groups according to the Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC) criteria. We compared the clinical data between the three groups and then conducted binary logistic regression and linear regression to assess variables that were significantly associated with overweight and obesity and higher BMI. Of the sample, 324 (32.9%) and 191 (19.4%) patients had overweight and obesity, respectively. Patients who had overweight and obesity were younger, had less education, had higher waist and hip circumferences, higher rates of diabetes and a higher sumPANSP score (compared with patients in the normal group, p < 0.05). There were more female patients with obesity (compared with patients in the normal and overweight groups, p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that overweight and obesity were associated with sumPANSP (OR = 1.03, 95%CI = 1-1.061, p = 0.049) and diabetes (OR = 1.891, 95%CI = 1.255-2.849, p = 0.002). Further linear regression showed that age (B = -0.004, t = -2.83, p = 0.005), educational level (B = -0.037, t = -2.261, p = 0.024), diabetes (B = 0.133, t = 2.721, p = 0.007) and sumPANSP (B = 0.008, t = 2.552, p = 0.011) were risk factors for higher BMI. We did not find cognitive performance differences between patients with or without overweight and obesity. Overweight and obesity were associated with some demographic and clinical factors in patients with persistent schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China; (X.H.)
| | - Yuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Anshi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China; (X.H.)
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
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van der Heijden AR, Houben T. Lipids in major depressive disorder: new kids on the block or old friends revisited? Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1213011. [PMID: 37663599 PMCID: PMC10469871 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1213011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric mood disorder that results in substantial functional impairment and is characterized by symptoms such as depressed mood, diminished interest, impaired cognitive function, and vegetative symptoms such as disturbed sleep. Although the exact etiology of MDD is unclear, several underlying mechanisms (disturbances in immune response and/or stress response) have been associated with its development, with no single mechanism able to account for all aspects of the disorder. Currently, about 1 in 3 patients are resistant to current antidepressant therapies. Providing an alternative perspective on MDD could therefore pave the way for new, unexplored diagnostic and therapeutic solutions. The central nervous system harbors an enormous pool of lipids and lipid intermediates that have been linked to a plethora of its physiological functions. The aim of this review is therefore to provide an overview of the implications of lipids in MDD and highlight certain MDD-related underlying mechanisms that involve lipids and/or their intermediates. Furthermore, we will also focus on the bidirectional relationship between MDD and the lipid-related disorders obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tom Houben
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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28
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Tirani SA, Lotfi K, Mirzaei S, Asadi A, Akhlaghi M, Saneei P. The relation between dietary phytochemical index and metabolic health status in overweight and obese adolescents. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12059. [PMID: 37491451 PMCID: PMC10368731 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39314-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have rarely investigated dietary phytochemicals consumption in relation to metabolic health of adolescents. The current study was performed to investigate dietary phytochemical index (DPI) in relation to metabolic health status in overweight and obese adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 203 adolescents with overweight or obesity. Dietary intakes of participants were obtained through a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire. DPI was calculated [(dietary energy derived from phytochemical-rich foods (kcal)/total daily energy intake (kcal)) ⨯100]. Glycemic and lipid profiles, blood pressure, and anthropometric indices were also measured. A metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO) profile was determined based on the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and IDF/Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) definitions. Study subjects had a mean age of 13.98 years and 50.2% of them were girls. According to IDF and IDF/HOMA-IR criteria, 38.9% (37 boys, and 42 girls) and 33% (35 boys, and 32 girls) of the study participants were respectively MUO. According to IDF and IDF/HOMA-IR definitions, adolescents in the third DPI tertile had respectively 61% (maximally-adjusted OR = 0.39, 95%CI 0.16-0.91) and 67% (maximally-adjusted OR = 0.33, 95%CI 0.13-0.83) lower odds of being MUO, compared to the first tertile. Stratified analysis by sex indicated that DPI was inversely related to MUO phenotype based on IDF criteria in girls (maximally-adjusted OR = 0.25, 95%CI 0.06-0.98), but not in boys. The current study found that adolescents with a higher dietary intake of phytochemicals have lower odds of being MUO, particularly among girls. However, further large-scale prospective cohort studies are required to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Amani Tirani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Keyhan Lotfi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran.
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Vajravelu ME, Tas E, Arslanian S. Pediatric Obesity: Complications and Current Day Management. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1591. [PMID: 37511966 PMCID: PMC10381624 DOI: 10.3390/life13071591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity affects approximately 1 in 5 youth globally and increases the risk of complications during adolescence and young adulthood, including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Children and adolescents with obesity frequently experience weight stigma and have an impaired quality of life, which may exacerbate weight gain. Pediatric obesity is typically defined using sex-, age-, and population-specific body mass index percentiles. Once identified, pediatric obesity should always be managed with lifestyle modification. However, adolescents with obesity may also benefit from anti-obesity medications (AOM), several of which have been approved for use in adolescents by the US Food and Drug Administration, including liraglutide, phentermine/topiramate, and semaglutide. For children with specific, rare monogenic obesity disorders, setmelanotide is available and may lead to significant weight loss. Metabolic and bariatric surgery may be used for the management of severe obesity in youth; though highly effective, it is limited to specialized centers and has had relatively low pediatric uptake. In this narrative review using pediatric-focused data from original research, reviews, clinical practice guidelines, governmental agencies, and pharmaceutical companies, we review obesity-related metabolic complications in youth and management strategies, including AOM and bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ellen Vajravelu
- Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave., Faculty Pavilion 6th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Emir Tas
- Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave., Faculty Pavilion 6th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Silva Arslanian
- Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave., Faculty Pavilion 6th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Yehuda H, Madrer N, Goldberg D, Soreq H, Meerson A. Inversely Regulated Inflammation-Related Processes Mediate Anxiety-Obesity Links in Zebrafish Larvae and Adults. Cells 2023; 12:1794. [PMID: 37443828 PMCID: PMC10341043 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety and metabolic impairments are often inter-related, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. To seek RNAs involved in the anxiety disorder-metabolic disorder link, we subjected zebrafish larvae to caffeine-induced anxiety or high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity followed by RNA sequencing and analyses. Notably, differentially expressed (DE) transcripts in these larval models and an adult zebrafish caffeine-induced anxiety model, as well as the transcript profiles of inherently anxious versus less anxious zebrafish strains and high-fat diet-fed versus standard diet-fed adult zebrafish, revealed inversely regulated DE transcripts. In both larval anxiety and obesity models, these included long noncoding RNAs and transfer RNA fragments, with the overrepresented immune system and inflammation pathways, e.g., the "interleukin signaling pathway" and "inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway". In adulthood, overrepresented immune system processes included "T cell activation", "leukocyte cell-cell adhesion", and "antigen processing and presentation". Furthermore, unlike adult zebrafish, obesity in larvae was not accompanied by anxiety-like behavior. Together, these results may reflect an antagonistic pleiotropic phenomenon involving a re-adjusted modulation of the anxiety-metabolic links with an occurrence of the acquired immune system. Furthermore, the HFD potential to normalize anxiety-upregulated immune-related genes may reflect the high-fat diet protection of anxiety and neurodegeneration reported by others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hila Yehuda
- MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (H.Y.); (N.M.)
| | - Nimrod Madrer
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (H.Y.); (N.M.)
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Doron Goldberg
- MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
- Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee 1220800, Israel;
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (H.Y.); (N.M.)
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Ari Meerson
- MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel
- Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee 1220800, Israel;
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31
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Lister NB, Baur LA, Felix JF, Hill AJ, Marcus C, Reinehr T, Summerbell C, Wabitsch M. Child and adolescent obesity. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023; 9:24. [PMID: 37202378 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00435-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of child and adolescent obesity has plateaued at high levels in most high-income countries and is increasing in many low-income and middle-income countries. Obesity arises when a mix of genetic and epigenetic factors, behavioural risk patterns and broader environmental and sociocultural influences affect the two body weight regulation systems: energy homeostasis, including leptin and gastrointestinal tract signals, operating predominantly at an unconscious level, and cognitive-emotional control that is regulated by higher brain centres, operating at a conscious level. Health-related quality of life is reduced in those with obesity. Comorbidities of obesity, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, fatty liver disease and depression, are more likely in adolescents and in those with severe obesity. Treatment incorporates a respectful, stigma-free and family-based approach involving multiple components, and addresses dietary, physical activity, sedentary and sleep behaviours. In adolescents in particular, adjunctive therapies can be valuable, such as more intensive dietary therapies, pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery. Prevention of obesity requires a whole-system approach and joined-up policy initiatives across government departments. Development and implementation of interventions to prevent paediatric obesity in children should focus on interventions that are feasible, effective and likely to reduce gaps in health inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie B Lister
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louise A Baur
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Weight Management Services, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Janine F Felix
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andrew J Hill
- Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Claude Marcus
- Division of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Reinehr
- Vestische Hospital for Children and Adolescents Datteln, University of Witten/Herdecke, Datteln, Germany
| | - Carolyn Summerbell
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
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32
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Liu Z, Sun L, Zhang Y, Wang J, Sun F, Zhang Z, Sun G, Sun L, Yang R. The prevalence of underweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents with major depressive disorder and relationship with suicidal ideation and attempted suicide. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1130437. [PMID: 37215666 PMCID: PMC10196048 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1130437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The high rates of obesity and suicide have become serious public health problems worldwide, especially in children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). This research aimed to explore the rates of underweight, overweight or obesity, suicidal ideation and attempted suicide in hospitalized children and adolescents with MDD. Then, we analyzed the correlation between underweight or obesity and suicidal ideation and attempted suicide, and finally obtained the independent influencing factors of underweight or obesity. Methods A total of 757 subjects in the Third People's Hospital of Fuyang from January 2020 to December 2021 were enrolled in this study. According to the underweight, overweight and obesity screening table for school-age children and adolescents published and implemented by the health industry standard of China, all subjects were divided into different body mass index (BMI) categories. We measured fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid levels in all subjects and assessed suicidal ideation, attempted suicide, and the severity of depressive symptoms. The socio-demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed by SPSS 22.0. Results The rates of underweight, overweight, obesity, suicidal ideation and attempted suicide were 8.2% (62/757), 15.5% (117/757), 10.4% (79/757), 17.2% (130/757), and 9.9% (75/757), respectively. Correlation analysis indicated that BMIs level was positively correlated with age, age of first hospitalization, total duration of disease, number of hospitalizations, FBG, TG (triglyceride), TC (total cholesterol), LDL (low density lipoprotein), and negatively correlated with HDL (high density lipoprotein). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that male and high level of HDL were risk factors for MDD inpatients with underweight, while high level of TG was a protective factor. Meanwhile, higher levels of FBG, TG and CGI-S were risk factors and suicidal ideation and high dose of antidepressant drugs were protective factors for obesity in children and adolescents with MDD. Conclusion The prevalence of underweight, obesity, suicidal ideation and attempted suicide were high in children and adolescents with MDD, and severe depressive symptoms are independent risk factors for obesity, while suicidal ideation and high dose of antidepressants may be protective factors for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Fuyang Mental Health Center, Fuyang, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Fuyang Mental Health Center, Fuyang, China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Wang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Fuyang Mental Health Center, Fuyang, China
| | - Zhaokun Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Fuyang Mental Health Center, Fuyang, China
| | - Guangying Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Fuyang Mental Health Center, Fuyang, China
| | - Longlong Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Fuyang Mental Health Center, Fuyang, China
| | - Rongchun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Fuyang Mental Health Center, Fuyang, China
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Azbazdar Y, Poyraz YK, Ozalp O, Nazli D, Ipekgil D, Cucun G, Ozhan G. High-fat diet feeding triggers a regenerative response in the adult zebrafish brain. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2486-2506. [PMID: 36670270 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03210-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes a range of liver conditions ranging from excess fat accumulation to liver failure. NAFLD is strongly associated with high-fat diet (HFD) consumption that constitutes a metabolic risk factor. While HFD has been elucidated concerning its several systemic effects, there is little information about its influence on the brain at the molecular level. Here, by using a high-fat diet (HFD)-feeding of adult zebrafish, we first reveal that excess fat uptake results in weight gain and fatty liver. Prolonged exposure to HFD induces a significant increase in the expression of pro-inflammation, apoptosis, and proliferation markers in the liver and brain tissues. Immunofluorescence analyses of the brain tissues disclose stimulation of apoptosis and widespread activation of glial cell response. Moreover, glial activation is accompanied by an initial decrease in the number of neurons and their subsequent replacement in the olfactory bulb and the telencephalon. Long-term consumption of HFD causes activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the brain tissues. Finally, fish fed an HFD induces anxiety, and aggressiveness and increases locomotor activity. Thus, HFD feeding leads to a non-traumatic brain injury and stimulates a regenerative response. The activation mechanisms of a regeneration response in the brain can be exploited to fight obesity and recover from non-traumatic injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagmur Azbazdar
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1662, USA
| | - Yusuf Kaan Poyraz
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozgun Ozalp
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dilek Nazli
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Dogac Ipekgil
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Cucun
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 3640 76021, Karlsruhe, Postfach, Germany
| | - Gunes Ozhan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340, Izmir, Turkey.
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340, Izmir, Turkey.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, 35430, Izmir, Turkey.
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Brooks SJ, Smith C, Stamoulis C. Excess BMI in early adolescence adversely impacts maturating functional circuits supporting high-level cognition and their structural correlates. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023:10.1038/s41366-023-01303-7. [PMID: 37012426 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01303-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Adverse effects of excess BMI (affecting 1 in 5 children in the US) on brain circuits during neurodevelopmentally vulnerable periods are incompletely understood. This study investigated BMI-related alterations in maturating functional networks and their underlying brain structures, and high-level cognition in early adolescence. SUBJECTS/METHODS Cross-sectional resting-state fMRI, structural sMRI, neurocognitive task scores, and BMI from 4922 youth [median (IQR) age = 120.0 (13.0) months, 2572 females (52.25%)] from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) cohort were analyzed. Comprehensive topological and morphometric network properties were estimated from fMRI and sMRI, respectively. Cross-validated linear regression models assessed correlations with BMI. Results were reproduced across multiple fMRI datasets. RESULTS Almost 30% of youth had excess BMI, including 736 (15.0%) with overweight and 672 (13.7%) with obesity, and statistically more Black and Hispanic compared to white, Asian and non-Hispanic youth (p < 0.01). Those with obesity or overweight were less physically active, slept less than recommended, snored more frequently, and spent more time using an electronic device (p < 0.01). They also had lower topological efficiency, resilience, connectivity, connectedness and clustering in Default-Mode, dorsal attention, salience, control, limbic, and reward networks (p ≤ 0.04, Cohen's d: 0.07-0.39). Lower cortico-thalamic efficiency and connectivity were estimated only in youth with obesity (p < 0.01, Cohen's d: 0.09-0.19). Both groups had lower cortical thickness, volume and white matter intensity in these networks' constituent structures, particularly anterior cingulate, entorhinal, prefrontal, and lateral occipital cortices (p < 0.01, Cohen's d: 0.12-0.30), which also mediated inverse relationships between BMI and regional functional topologies. Youth with obesity or overweight had lower scores in a task measuring fluid reasoning - a core aspect of cognitive function, which were partially correlated with topological changes (p ≤ 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Excess BMI in early adolescence may be associated with profound aberrant topological alterations in maturating functional circuits and underdeveloped brain structures that adversely impact core aspects of cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skylar J Brooks
- Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Calli Smith
- Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine Stamoulis
- Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, USA.
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Giovana Maciel Reis C, Rocha-Gomes A, Escobar Teixeira A, Gomes de Oliveira D, Mainy Oliveira Santiago C, Alves da Silva A, Regina Riul T, de Jesus Oliveira E. Short-term Cafeteria Diet Is Associated with Fat Mass Accumulation, Systemic and Amygdala Inflammation, and Anxiety-like Behavior in Adult Male Wistar Rats. Neuroscience 2023; 515:37-52. [PMID: 36773840 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is linked to metabolic, hormonal and biochemical alterations, and is also a risk factor for behavioral disorders. Evidence suggests that these disorders may be related to the consumption of hypercaloric diets, fat mass accumulation and changes in inflammation and redox status. Although much is known about the chronic effects of hypercaloric diets on mental health, few studies have evaluated the consequences of short-term exposure of these diets on behavior. The aim of this study was to evaluate nutritional, behavioral (anxiety-like), inflammatory and redox status parameters in adult male Wistar rats exposed to short-term cafeteria diet. Adult Wistar male rats (90 days-old; n = 12/group) received, during 14 days, the diets: Control- standard diet; Simple Cafeteria Diet (SCD)- homogeneous cafeteria diet. Varied Cafeteria Diet (VCD)- cafeteria diet with rotation and variation. Nutritional analyzes and tests for anxiety-like behaviors were performed, in addition to inflammatory and redox status measurements in blood and amygdala. The SCD group showed higher fat energy intake, while the VCD group consumed more energy from carbohydrates. SCD and VCD showed higher fat mass accumulation, in addition to higher levels of TNFα, INFγ, TBARS and FRAP in the blood. Also, SCD and VCD groups reported high levels of TNFα in the amygdala. Regarding behavioral evaluations, SCD and VCD groups showed anxiogenesis in the elevated plus maze, light-dark box, and open field tests. Therefore, the two cafeteria diets induced obesity and systemic inflammation, which in turn, resulted in an increase in amygdala TNFα levels and anxiety-like behaviors in Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Giovana Maciel Reis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina-MG, Brazil; Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex - Departamento de Nutrição. Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina-MG, Brazil
| | - Arthur Rocha-Gomes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - Amanda Escobar Teixeira
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex - Departamento de Nutrição. Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina-MG, Brazil
| | - Dalila Gomes de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina-MG, Brazil; Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex - Departamento de Nutrição. Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina-MG, Brazil
| | - Camilla Mainy Oliveira Santiago
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex - Departamento de Nutrição. Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina-MG, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina-MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Alves da Silva
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex - Departamento de Nutrição. Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina-MG, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina-MG, Brazil
| | - Tania Regina Riul
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental - LabNutrex - Departamento de Nutrição. Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina-MG, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina-MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo de Jesus Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina-MG, Brazil.
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Panda SS, Nayak A, Shah S, Aich P. A Systematic Review on the Association between Obesity and Mood Disorders and the Role of Gut Microbiota. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040488. [PMID: 37110147 PMCID: PMC10144251 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex health condition that increases the susceptibility to developing cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and numerous other metabolic health issues. The effect of obesity is not just limited to the conditions mentioned above; it is also seen to have a profound impact on the patient’s mental state, leading to the onset of various mental disorders, particularly mood disorders. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the mechanism underlying the crosstalk between obesity and mental disorders. The gut microbiota is vital in regulating and maintaining host physiology, including metabolism and neuronal circuits. Because of this newly developed understanding of gut microbiota role, here we evaluated the published diverse information to summarize the achievement in the field. In this review, we gave an overview of the association between obesity, mental disorders, and the role of gut microbiota there. Further new guidelines and experimental tools are necessary to understand the microbial contribution to regulate a balanced healthy life.
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Hale GE, Colquhoun L, Lancastle D, Lewis N, Tyson PJ. Physical activity interventions for the mental health of children: A systematic review. Child Care Health Dev 2023; 49:211-229. [PMID: 35995884 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review explored the effectiveness of using physical activity (PA) interventions to enhance psychological well-being and reduce psychological ill-being (e.g., anxiety and depression) in children aged six to 11 years old from the general population. METHODS Electronic databases were searched for studies published between January 2005 and June 2020: Web of Science, ProQuest Psychology Journals, PsycINFO, Pub Med, ASSIA, CINHAL PLUS, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE and Wiley Online Library. Search terms included 'physical activity intervention', 'psychological well-being' and 'child*'. After removing duplicates, 11 390 studies were independently screened by two authors based on inclusion/exclusion criteria and assessed for risk of bias. RESULTS A total of 23 studies were narratively synthesized and categorized into four domains: Quality of Life (QOL), body image, self-esteem and psychological ill-being. Evidence was provided for the impact of PA interventions in improving QOL, body image and self-esteem. Despite the positive effect on psychological well-being, evidence for a reduction in the frequency and severity of symptoms associated with psychological ill-being in children is less clear. CONCLUSIONS Reviewed studies support the use of PA interventions in enhancing the psychological well-being of children in school and community settings. More research is warranted to understand the impact of PA interventions on reducing psychological ill-being in children from the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle E Hale
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Luke Colquhoun
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Deborah Lancastle
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Nicky Lewis
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Philip J Tyson
- School of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
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Herouvi D, Soldatou A, Paschou SA, Kalpia C, Karanasios S, Karavanaki K. Bariatric surgery in the management of childhood and adolescence obesity. Endocrine 2023; 79:411-419. [PMID: 36194346 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03210-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, childhood obesity is literally a global pandemic health problem. According to current data, pediatric obesity is strongly associated with adult excess weight status as well as the development of certain co morbidities, already present in childhood, including cardiovascular disorders (dyslipidemia, hypertension), endocrine/metabolic (Type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome), respiratory, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal problems. Additionally, children with obesity frequently experience psychosocial issues, such as mood disorders, anxiety, prejudice and low self-esteem. METHODS AND RESULTS The aim of this article was to evaluate whether or not bariatric surgery is an effective and safe treatment option for childhood obesity. This paper is based on a literature search in Pub Med for articles referring to the medical co morbidities and the results of different types of bariatric surgery for the treatment of childhood obesity (up to 18 years) until December 2021. The following keywords were used as MESH terms: childhood obesity, adolescence obesity, co morbidities and bariatric surgery. The bibliographic references of the studies found in these databases were also reviewed. CONCLUSION Although some researchers demonstrate that surgical interventions in adolescents might be a reliable intervention to lose weight in a maintainable way and reverse many of the co morbidities associated with severe obesity, their safety and long-term efficacy are still not clarified. Thus, large long-term prospective studies, with detailed recording of complications and co morbidity resolution are obviously needed in order to determine the role of surgical treatment in childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despina Herouvi
- Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "P&A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital,, Athens, Greece.
| | - Alexandra Soldatou
- Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "P&A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital,, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavroula A Paschou
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Kalpia
- Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "P&A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital,, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Karanasios
- Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "P&A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital,, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Karavanaki
- Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "P&A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital,, Athens, Greece
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Styk W, Wojtowicz E, Zmorzynski S. I Don't Want to Be Thin! Fear of Weight Change Is Not Just a Fear of Obesity: Research on the Body Mass Anxiety Scale. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2888. [PMID: 36833584 PMCID: PMC9957053 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety is one of the psychological factors associated with body weight experienced by people attempting to live up to expectations of an ideal body shape. The stigma of excessive or too low body weight and the stigmatization of people because of it is becoming a widespread problem with negative psychological and social consequences. One effect of the strong social pressure of beauty standards dependent on low body weight is the development of eating disorders and negative societal attitudes toward overweight or obese people. Research conducted to date has mainly focused on one dimension of weight-related anxiety-the fear of getting fat. Ongoing research has also revealed the other side of weight-related anxiety-fear of weight loss. Therefore, the purpose of the present project was to develop a two-dimensional scale to diagnose the level of weight-related anxiety and to preliminarily test the psychometric properties of the emerging constructs. Results: the BMAS-20 weight-related anxiety scale in both Polish and English versions was developed and its psychometric properties were confirmed. The components of body weight-change anxiety that emerged were: anxiety about getting fat and anxiety about losing weight. It was found that both AGF and ALW may have a protective function related to awareness of the negative consequences of poor eating and the health risks associated with it. Above-normal levels of anxiety may be a predictor of psychopathology. Both AGF and ALW are associated with symptoms of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Styk
- Department of Psychology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Wojtowicz
- Polish Academy of Social Sciences and Humanities, 69 Banstead Road, Carshalton, London SM5 3NP, UK
| | - Szymon Zmorzynski
- Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetic Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
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Psychiatric Disorders and Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence-A Systematic Review of Cross-Sectional Studies. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10020285. [PMID: 36832413 PMCID: PMC9955505 DOI: 10.3390/children10020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and psychiatric disorders have high prevalence and are both considered major health problems. Within the last decades, the rates of obesity have risen over 6%, while the prevalence of psychiatric disorders is over 12% for children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to systematically review the evidence regarding the relation of obesity and psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence. This review, based on the PRISMA guidelines, included cross-sectional studies published within the last decade, pertaining to the relation between psychiatric disorders and obesity in children and adolescents up to the age of 19 years. Studies on eating disorders were excluded. A total of 14 studies of 23,442 children and adolescents that investigated the relation of obesity with anxiety, mood disorders, and psychosis were included in this systematic review. Nine of the included studies reported a significant relationship between the psychiatric disorder under investigation and obesity. Understanding the nexus between obesity and psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents is of great importance, given the alarming increase in both conditions in youth. Such findings could facilitate the development and implementation of targeted interventions.
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Hampl SE, Hassink SG, Skinner AC, Armstrong SC, Barlow SE, Bolling CF, Avila Edwards KC, Eneli I, Hamre R, Joseph MM, Lunsford D, Mendonca E, Michalsky MP, Mirza N, Ochoa ER, Sharifi M, Staiano AE, Weedn AE, Flinn SK, Lindros J, Okechukwu K. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Obesity. Pediatrics 2023; 151:e2022060640. [PMID: 36622115 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-060640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 229.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Risk Factors, Clinical Consequences, Prevention, and Treatment of Childhood Obesity. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121975. [PMID: 36553418 PMCID: PMC9776766 DOI: 10.3390/children9121975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity might adversely affect the health and well-being of children and their families. Childhood obesity has crucial implications for health, both during childhood and as they age. It is highly associated with many acute problems and is commonly present during childhood, making visits and hospital admissions polarized in this group of children. The problems that may affect these children can be medical, such as asthma, chronic inflammation, orthopedic abnormalities, liver disease, diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia. Long-term consequences of cardiovascular risk factors, the persistence of obesity and premature mortality are common among adults who had obesity during their early lives. Additionally, they could also suffer from psychological issues, such as low self-esteem, which puts them at risk of a much more serious psychosocial problem that may lead to depression, as well as a disruption in educational achievements and social relationships. A healthy diet, physical activity, adequate sleep, and limited screen time are all preventive measures that should be implemented at the family and community levels, preferably through well-structured programs. Furthermore, pharmacological management of childhood obesity is limited and only used after non-pharmacological interventions have failed or in the late stages of obesity. However, recent guidelines advocate the early use of medical interventions. Approved pharmacotherapeutic options include orlistat, phentermine/topiramate combination and liraglutide. There are several other options approved primarily for other specific forms of obesity or for other indications, including setmelanotide, metformin, lisdexamfetamine, zonisamide and fluoxetine. Bariatric surgery is a safe and effective option in cases with extreme obesity and comorbidities considering the need for long-term monitoring and support for cases and their families post-surgery. This review aims to discuss and highlight the recent evidence regarding risk factors, clinical consequences, prevention, and treatment of childhood obesity.
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Yang Y, Zhong Z, Wang B, Wang Y. Xiaoyao San ameliorates high-fat diet-induced anxiety and depression via regulating gut microbiota in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113902. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Abstract
Childhood obesity is, according to the WHO, one of the most serious challenges of the 21st century. More than 100 million children have obesity today. Already during childhood, almost all organs are at risk of being affected by obesity. In this review, we present the current knowledge about diseases associated with childhood obesity and how they are affected by weight loss. One major causative factor is obesity-induced low-grade chronic inflammation, which can be observed already in preschool children. This inflammation-together with endocrine, paracrine, and metabolic effects of obesity-increases the long-term risk for several severe diseases. Type 2 diabetes is increasingly prevalent in adolescents and young adults who have had obesity during childhood. When it is diagnosed in young individuals, the morbidity and mortality rate is higher than when it occurs later in life, and more dangerous than type 1 diabetes. Childhood obesity also increases the risk for several autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, arthritis, and type 1 diabetes and it is well established that childhood obesity also increases the risk for cardiovascular disease. Consequently, childhood obesity increases the risk for premature mortality, and the mortality rate is three times higher already before 30 years of age compared with the normal population. The risks associated with childhood obesity are modified by weight loss. However, the risk reduction is affected by the age at which weight loss occurs. In general, early weight loss-that is, before puberty-is more beneficial, but there are marked disease-specific differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Marcus
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Danielsson
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emilia Hagman
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Müssener U, Örn M, Olbers T, Löf M, Sjögren L. Adolescents' and professionals' experiences of metabolic and bariatric surgery and requirements for preoperative and postoperative support through mHealth: a qualitative study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e064893. [PMID: 36332966 PMCID: PMC9639096 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore adolescents' and professionals' incentives and experiences of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) and to explore perceived needs and requirements for preoperative and postoperative support through an mHealth intervention to improve long-term healthy lifestyle behaviour and health outcomes. DESIGN An inductive qualitative study using in-depth semistructured interviews. SETTING Three hospital-based specialist paediatric obesity treatment units in Sweden. PARTICIPANTS A total of 18 participants (14 women and 4 men). Nine adolescents aged between 17 and 22 years who had undergone or were about to undergo surgery, and nine professionals, including researchers and clinicians working in various professional roles such as physiotherapist, dietician, nurse, psychologist, physician and pedagogue. RESULTS Both informant groups of participants highlighted that undergoing MBS is a complex process, and hence actions are required on several levels to optimise the positive, long-term effects of surgery. Efficient communication between the healthcare professionals and adolescents was considered crucial and a key success factor. Informants acknowledged the need for additional support that relates to psychosocial well-being and mental health in order to understand, form and accept new behaviours and identity. An mHealth intervention should be seen as complementary to physical appointments, and informants acknowledged that an app could be a way of improving access to healthcare, and a useful tool to allow for individually tailored and easily available support. CONCLUSIONS The findings address the importance of a personal encounter and a need for additional support that relates to psychosocial well-being, mental health and healthy lifestyle behaviour. These findings should be incorporated into future research concerning mHealth interventions in MBS during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Müssener
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Malin Örn
- Region Västra Götaland, Pediatric Obesity Center, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Torsten Olbers
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Medicine, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Marie Löf
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Lovisa Sjögren
- Region Västra Götaland, Pediatric Obesity Center, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
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Ma Y, Wu H, Shen J, Wang J, Wang J, Hou Y. Correlation between lifestyle patterns and overweight and obesity among Chinese adolescents. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1027565. [PMID: 36408045 PMCID: PMC9670141 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1027565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyles such as physical exercise, sedentary behavior, eating habits, and sleep duration are all associated with adolescent overweight and obesity. The purpose of this study was to investigate how Chinese adolescents' lifestyles clustered into different lifestyle patterns, and to analyze the correlation between these patterns and adolescent overweight and obesity. The investigated respondents included 13,670 adolescents aged 13-18 from various administrative regions in China. Latent class analysis was employed to cluster the lifestyles of adolescents, χ2 test and Logistic regression were used to explore the relationship between lifestyle patterns and overweight and obesity in adolescents. The results identified 6 types of Chinese adolescents' lifestyle patterns, as well as the significant differences in gender and age. The adolescents with high exercise-high calorie diet had the lowest risk of overweight and obesity, and the adolescents with low consciousness-low physical activity and low consciousness-unhealthy had the highest risk of overweight and obesity, which were 1.432 times and 1.346 times higher than those with high exercise-high calorie diet, respectively. The studied demonstrated that there was a coexistence of healthy behaviors and health-risk behaviors in the lifestyle clustering of Chinese adolescents. Low physical exercise and high intake of snacks and carbonated beverages were the most common. Physical exercise and health consciousness were the protective factors of overweight and obesity in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ma
- Research Center for Health Promotion of Children and Adolescents, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huipan Wu
- Research Center for Health Promotion of Children and Adolescents, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China,*Correspondence: Huipan Wu
| | - Jinbo Shen
- Research Center for Health Promotion of Children and Adolescents, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinxian Wang
- Research Center for Health Promotion of Children and Adolescents, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuxin Hou
- Department of Physical Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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Carroll R, Bice AA, Roberto A, Prentice CR. Examining Mental Health Disorders in Overweight and Obese Pediatric Patients. J Pediatr Health Care 2022; 36:507-519. [PMID: 35760667 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2022.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the frequency and variation in three mental health diagnoses among obese or overweight children and adolescents. METHOD Logistic regression was used to examine the association between the outcome variables-anxiety, depression, and adjustment disorders-with the following covariates: overweight/obesity status, sex, age, and race. RESULTS Findings show anxiety, depressive, and adjustment disorder diagnoses were significantly higher for overweight or obese youth in our sample. In addition, diagnosis rates for one or more of these disorders increase as children grow into adolescence. Furthermore, we found significantly higher rates of depression and significantly lower rates of anxiety among youth who live in places with higher rates of poverty. DISCUSSION Findings indicate a target age for providers to focus on mental health screening among overweight/obese patients: (1) early adolescence (aged 11-14 years) for depressive and adjustment disorders and (2) early childhood (aged 2-4 years) for anxiety disorder.
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The prevalence and factors associated with depressive symptoms among tertiary level students in Bangladesh: A survey in Rajshahi district. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Tang R, Yang J, Yu Y, Fang Y. The effects of cognitive behavioral therapy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2022; 13:796594. [PMID: 36389484 PMCID: PMC9643337 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.796594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has well-characterized benefits in alleviating diseases associated with depression, anxiety, and obesity, resulting in a marked improvement in the patient's quality of life. There are some studies regarding the effects of CBT on patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, there is still no report of a meta-analysis for systematic assessment. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of CBT in improving weight loss, anxiety, depression, life quality, compliance, and pregnancy outcomes in patients with PCOS. METHODS Studies regarding CBT related to PCOS in PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, CNKI, and WANFANG DATA were searched for up to 19 November 2020. A random-effects model was used to perform a meta-analysis. RESULTS Eight trials regarding CBT compared with lifestyle modification and routine treatments were included. No differences in depression (SMD -1.11; 95% CI -2.28, 0.07; P > 0.05), body mass index (BMI) (SMD 0.88; 95% CI -0.94, 2.71; P > 0.05), or overall life quality (SMD 1.24; 95% CI -0.44, 2.92; P > 0.05) were evident between CBT and control groups; however, anxiety (SMD -1.12; 95% CI -2.1, -0.13; P < 0.05) and quality of life in hirsutism (SMD 0.92; 95% CI 0.48, 1.35; P < 0.05) were significantly improved. For secondary outcomes, both patient compliance and pregnancy rate were improved, but no significant change in pregnancy loss rate was identified. CONCLUSION CBT exhibited obvious advantages in the alleviation of anxiety, improvement of quality of life in hirsutism, and increase of compliance and pregnancy rate in patients with PCOS. Larger and higher-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to clarify the role of CBT in PCOS. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier [CRD42021225856].
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Tang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Junlan Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanmei Yu
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Yuying Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
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Santana KS, Junior SJF, Queiroz C, de Oliveira AJ, Machado S, Neto GDAM. Psychological Aspects, Physical Activity Levels and Overweight Concerns: A Cross-over Study of Brazilian Adolescents. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2022; 18:e174501792210120. [PMID: 37274855 PMCID: PMC10156045 DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v18-e221020-2022-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction This study aims to identify levels of anxiety, depression, body weight, and levels of physical activity, as well as to verify possible associations among these variables in Brazilian adolescents. It is a cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of 291 Brazilian adolescents aged 13 to 15 years old (13.75±0.80 years old). Methods Researchers assessed students by filling out questionnaires of anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as the level of physical activity and checking anthropometric measures. Parametric and non-parametric statistics were used to compare groups divided by psychological, physical and overweight factors for boys and girls, adopting a significance level of 95%. Results Results showed higher waist circumference and physical activity levels for boys (p<0.01) and higher scores for anxiety and depressive symptoms questionnaires for girls (p<0.01). In addition, a low prevalence of depression was observed in boys (0.69%/CI0.03-4.36). For anxiety and depression variables in males and females with and without overweight and physically active and inactive, there were significant differences between groups (p < 0.05), but not within groups. Conclusion The identification of a higher prevalence of girls with anxiety and depression was observed in this study and reinforced this information already demonstrated in the scientific literature. In general, the prevalence of depression was low in boys, while the prevalence of overweight, sedentary lifestyle, anxiety and depression were higher in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cássia Queiroz
- Graduate Program of Physical Activity Sciences, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Sergio Machado
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience, Neurodiversity Institute, Queimados-RJ, Brazil
| | - Geraldo de Albuquerque Maranhão Neto
- Salgado de Oliveira University, Niterói, Brazil
- Kardiovize Study, International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
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