1
|
Campanale A, Inserra A, Comai S. Therapeutic modulation of the kynurenine pathway in severe mental illness and comorbidities: A potential role for serotonergic psychedelics. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024:111058. [PMID: 38885875 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Mounting evidence points towards a crucial role of the kynurenine pathway (KP) in the altered gut-brain axis (GBA) balance in severe mental illness (SMI, namely depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia) and cardiometabolic comorbidities. Preliminary evidence shows that serotonergic psychedelics and their analogues may hold therapeutic potential in addressing the altered KP in the dysregulated GBA in SMI and comorbidities. In fact, aside from their effects on mood, psychedelics elicit therapeutic improvement in preclinical models of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and vascular inflammation, which are highly comorbid with SMI. Here, we review the literature on the therapeutic modulation of the KP in the dysregulated GBA in SMI and comorbidities, and the potential application of psychedelics to address the altered KP in the brain and systemic dysfunction underlying SMI and comorbidities. Endogenous and exogenous psychedelics might therapeutically modulate the KP in the altered GBA in SMI and comorbidities directly, via altering the metabolic pathway by influencing the rate-limiting enzymes of the KP and affecting the levels of available tryptophan, or indirectly, by affecting the gut microbiome, gut metabolome, metabolism, and the immune system. Despite promising preliminary evidence, the mechanisms and outcomes of the KP modulation with psychedelics in SMI and systemic comorbidities remain largely unknown and require further investigation. Several concerns are discussed surrounding the potential side effects of this approach in specific cohorts of individuals with SMI and systemic comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Inserra
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stefano Comai
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, PD, Italy.; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang Y, Yang J, Xia L, Wei T, Cui X, Wang D, Jin Z, Lin X, Li F, Yang K, Lang S, Liu Y, Hang J, Zhang Z, Hong T, Wei R. Gut Microbiota-Tryptophan Metabolism-GLP-1 Axis Participates in β-Cell Regeneration Induced by Dapagliflozin. Diabetes 2024; 73:926-940. [PMID: 38471012 PMCID: PMC11109800 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, efficacious antidiabetic agents that have cardiovascular and renal benefits, can promote pancreatic β-cell regeneration in type 2 diabetic mice. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to use multiomics to identify the mediators involved in β-cell regeneration induced by dapagliflozin. We showed that dapagliflozin lowered blood glucose level, upregulated plasma insulin level, and increased islet area in db/db mice. Dapagliflozin reshaped gut microbiota and modulated microbiotic and plasmatic metabolites related to tryptophan metabolism, especially l-tryptophan, in the diabetic mice. Notably, l-tryptophan upregulated the mRNA level of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) production-related gene (Gcg and Pcsk1) expression and promoted GLP-1 secretion in cultured mouse intestinal L cells, and it increased the supernatant insulin level in primary human islets, which was eliminated by GPR142 antagonist. Transplant of fecal microbiota from dapagliflozin-treated mice, supplementation of l-tryptophan, or treatment with dapagliflozin upregulated l-tryptophan, GLP-1, and insulin or C-peptide levels and promoted β-cell regeneration in db/db mice. Addition of exendin 9-39, a GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) antagonist, or pancreatic Glp1r knockout diminished these beneficial effects. In summary, treatment with dapagliflozin in type 2 diabetic mice promotes β-cell regeneration by upregulating GLP-1 production, which is mediated via gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianjiao Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zirun Jin
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiafang Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Lang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Hang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianpei Hong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen J, Wang S, Guo F, Gong Y, Chen T, Shaw C, Jiang R, Huang F, Lin D. 1H-NMR-based metabolomics reveals the preventive effect of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides on diabetes in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:4049-4062. [PMID: 38873458 PMCID: PMC11167149 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this investigation was to explore the beneficial impacts of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide (EP) on dysglycemia in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, while also shedding light on its potential mechanism using 1H-NMR-based metabolomics. The results demonstrated a noteworthy reduction in fasting blood glucose (FBG, 46.3%), fasting insulin (50.17%), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c, 44.1%), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, 59.75%) following EP administration, while the insulin sensitivity index (ISI, 19.6%) and homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β, 2.5-fold) were significantly increased. These findings indicate that EP enhances β-cell function, increases insulin sensitivity, and improves insulin resistance caused by diabetes. Moreover, EP significantly reduced serum lipid levels, suggesting improvement of dyslipidemia. Through the analysis of serum metabolomics, 17 metabolites were found to be altered in diabetic rats, 14 of which were upregulated and 3 of which were downregulated. Notably, the administration of EP successfully reversed the abnormal levels of 9 out of the 17 metabolites. Pathway analysis further revealed that EP treatment partially restored metabolic dysfunction, with notable effects observed in valine, leucine, and isoleucine metabolism; aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) biosynthesis; and ketone body metabolism. These findings collectively indicate the potential therapeutic efficacy of EP in preventing glycemic abnormalities and improving insulin resistance. Thus, EP holds promise as a valuable treatment option for individuals with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Shuting Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Fuchuan Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Yupeng Gong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | | | - Chris Shaw
- School of PharmacyQueen's UniversityBelfastUK
| | - Rencai Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Dai Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang T, Zhu Y, Shutta KH, Balasubramanian R, Zeleznik OA, Rexrode KM, Clish CB, Sun Q, Hu FB, Kubzansky LD, Hankinson SE. A Plasma Metabolite Score Related to Psychological Distress and Diabetes Risk: A Nested Case-control Study in US Women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:e1434-e1441. [PMID: 38092374 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Psychological distress has been linked to diabetes risk. Few population-based, epidemiologic studies have investigated the potential molecular mechanisms (eg, metabolic dysregulation) underlying this association. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between a metabolomic signature for psychological distress and diabetes risk. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study of plasma metabolomics and diabetes risk in the Nurses' Health Study, including 728 women (mean age: 55.2 years) with incident diabetes and 728 matched controls. Blood samples were collected between 1989 and 1990 and incident diabetes was diagnosed between 1992 and 2008. Based on our prior work, we calculated a weighted plasma metabolite-based distress score (MDS) comprised of 19 metabolites. We used conditional logistic regression accounting for matching factors and other diabetes risk factors to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for diabetes risk according to MDS. RESULTS After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, family history of diabetes, and health behaviors, the OR (95% CI) for diabetes risk across quintiles of the MDS was 1.00 (reference) for Q1, 1.16 (0.77, 1.73) for Q2, 1.30 (0.88, 1.91) for Q3, 1.99 (1.36, 2.92) for Q4, and 2.47 (1.66, 3.67) for Q5. Each SD increase in MDS was associated with 36% higher diabetes risk (95% CI: 1.21, 1.54; P-trend <.0001). This association was moderately attenuated after additional adjustment for body mass index (comparable OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.35; P-trend = .02). The MDS explained 17.6% of the association between self-reported psychological distress (defined as presence of depression or anxiety symptoms) and diabetes risk (P = .04). CONCLUSION MDS was significantly associated with diabetes risk in women. These results suggest that differences in multiple lipid and amino acid metabolites may underlie the observed association between psychological distress and diabetes risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Huang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yiwen Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katherine H Shutta
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Raji Balasubramanian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Oana A Zeleznik
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kathryn M Rexrode
- Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA 02142, USA
| | - Qi Sun
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Laura D Kubzansky
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Susan E Hankinson
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao WY, Tian MY, Li ML, Gao SR, Wei XL, Gao C, Zhou YY, Li T, Wang HJ, Bian BL, Si N, Zhao W, Zhao HY. Study on the potential mechanism of Qingxin Lianzi Yin Decoction on renoprotection in db/db mice via network pharmacology and metabolomics. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155222. [PMID: 38382279 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) was one of the most popular and most significant microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Qingxin Lianzi Yin Decoction (QXLZY) was a traditional Chinese classical formula, suitable for chronic urinary system diseases. QXLZY had good clinical efficacy in early DN, but the underlying molecular mechanism remained unrevealed. PURPOSE This study aimed to establish the content determination method of QXLZY index components and explore the mechanism of QXLZY on DN by network pharmacology and metabolomics studies. METHODS Firstly, the content determination methods of QXLZY were established with calycosin-7-O-β-d-glucoside, acteoside, baicalin and glycyrrhizic acid as index components. Secondly, pharmacological experiments of QXLZY were evaluated using db/db mice. UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS was used to carry out untargeted urine metabolomics, serum metabolomics, and kidney metabolomics studies. Thirdly, employing network pharmacology, key components and targets were analyzed. Finally, targeted metabolomics studies were performed on the endogenous constituents in biological samples for validation based on untargeted metabolomics results. RESULTS A method for the simultaneous determination of multiple index components in QXLZY was established, which passed the comprehensive methodological verification. It was simple, feasible, and scientific. The QXLZY treatment alleviated kidney injury of db/db mice, included the degree of histopathological damage and the level of urinary microalbumin/creatinine ratio. Untargeted metabolomics studies had identified metabolic dysfunction in pathways associated with amino acid metabolism in db/db mice. Treatment with QXLZY could reverse metabolite abnormalities and influence the pathways related to energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism. It had been found that pathways with a high degree were involved in signal transduction, prominently on amino acids metabolism and lipid metabolism, analyzed by network pharmacology. Disorders of amino acid metabolism did occur in db/db mice. QXLZY could revert the levels of metabolites, such as quinolinic acid, arginine, and asparagine. CONCLUSION This study was the first time to demonstrate that QXLZY alleviated diabetes-induced pathological changes in the kidneys of db/db mice by correcting disturbances in amino acid metabolism. This work could provide a new experimental basis and theoretical guidance for the rational application of QXLZY on DN, exploring the new pharmacological effect of traditional Chinese medicine, and promoting in-depth research and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ya Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Meng-Yao Tian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ming-Li Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shuang-Rong Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Wei
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chang Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hong-Jie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Bao-Lin Bian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Nan Si
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Center for Drug Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 100022, China.
| | - Hai-Yu Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hernandez N, Lokhnygina Y, Ramaker ME, Ilkayeva O, Muehlbauer MJ, Crawford ML, Grant RP, Hsia DS, Jain N, Bain JR, Armstrong S, Newgard CB, Freemark M, Gumus Balikcioglu P. Sex Differences in Branched-chain Amino Acid and Tryptophan Metabolism and Pathogenesis of Youth-onset Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:e1345-e1358. [PMID: 38066593 PMCID: PMC10940256 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Insulin resistance is associated with elevations in plasma branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). BCAAs compete with aromatic amino acids including tryptophan for uptake into β cells. To explore relationships between BCAAs and tryptophan metabolism, adiposity, and glucose tolerance, we compared urine metabolites in overweight/obese youth with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with those in nondiabetic overweight/obese and lean youth. METHODS Metabolites were measured in 24-hour and first-morning urine samples of 56 nondiabetic adolescents with overweight/obesity, 42 adolescents with T2D, and 43 lean controls, aged 12 to 21 years. Group differences were assessed by Kruskal Wallis or ANOVA. RESULTS Groups were comparable for age, pubertal status, and ethnicity. Youth with T2D were predominantly female and had highest percent body fat. BCAAs, branched-chain ketoacids (BCKAs), tryptophan, and kynurenine were higher in urine of subjects with T2D. There were no differences between lean controls and nondiabetic youth with overweight/obesity. T2D was associated with diversion of tryptophan from the serotonin to the kynurenine pathway, with higher urinary kynurenine/serotonin ratio and lower serotonin/tryptophan and 5-HIAA/kynurenine ratios. Urinary BCAAs, BCKAs, tryptophan, and ratios reflecting diversion to the kynurenine pathway correlated positively with metrics of body fat and hemoglobin A1c. Increases in these metabolites in the obese T2D group were more pronounced and statistically significant only in adolescent girls. CONCLUSION Increases in urinary BCAAs and BCKAs in adolescent females with T2D are accompanied by diversion of tryptophan metabolism from the serotonin to the kynurenine pathway. These adaptations associate with higher risks of T2D in obese adolescent females than adolescent males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Hernandez
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yuliya Lokhnygina
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Megan Elizabeth Ramaker
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute (DMPI), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Olga Ilkayeva
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute (DMPI), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Michael J Muehlbauer
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute (DMPI), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Matthew L Crawford
- Department of Research and Development, LabCorp, Burlington, NC 27215, USA
| | - Russell P Grant
- Department of Research and Development, LabCorp, Burlington, NC 27215, USA
| | - Daniel S Hsia
- Clinical Trials Unit, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Nina Jain
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - James R Bain
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute (DMPI), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sarah Armstrong
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Christopher B Newgard
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute (DMPI), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Michael Freemark
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute (DMPI), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Pinar Gumus Balikcioglu
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute (DMPI), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sun WX, Zhang KH, Zhou Q, Hu SH, Lin Y, Xu W, Zhao SM, Yuan YY. Tryptophanylation of insulin receptor by WARS attenuates insulin signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:25. [PMID: 38212570 PMCID: PMC11072365 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05082-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Increased circulating amino acid levels have been linked to insulin resistance and development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Herein, we show that tryptophan modifies insulin receptor (IR) to attenuate insulin signaling and impair glucose uptake. Mice fed with tryptophan-rich chow developed insulin resistance. Excessive tryptophan promoted tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WARS) to tryptophanylate lysine 1209 of IR (W-K1209), which induced insulin resistance by inhibiting the insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of IR, AKT, and AS160. SIRT1, but not other sirtuins, detryptophanylated IRW-K1209 to increase the insulin sensitivity. Collectively, we unveiled the mechanisms of how tryptophan impaired insulin signaling, and our data suggested that WARS might be a target to attenuate insulin resistance in T2D patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xing Sun
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Hui Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Children's Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (Jinan Children's Hospital), Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, and Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Song-Hua Hu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, and Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, and Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, and Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Min Zhao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, and Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Tibet Plateau Phytochemistry of Qinghai Province, College of Pharmacy, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi-Yuan Yuan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, and Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gao W, Gao S, Zhang Y, Wang M, Liu Y, Li T, Gao C, Zhou Y, Bian B, Wang H, Wei X, Sato T, Si N, Zhao W, Zhao H. Altered metabolic profiles and targets relevant to the protective effect of acteoside on diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice based on metabolomics and network pharmacology studies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:117073. [PMID: 37619856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) was a major cause of end-stage renal failure and a common microvascular complication in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Acteoside (ACT) was the main ingredient extracted from the leaves of Rehmannia glutinosa, which had the functions of entering the lung, moisturizing the skin and relieving itching, nourishing yin and tonifying the kidney, cooling blood, and stopping bleeding. ACT had attracted worldwide interest because of its therapeutic effects on DM and its complications. AIM OF THE STUDY To clarify the metabolic profiles and targets of ACT in db/db mice based on metabolomics and network pharmacology studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Db/db mice were used to observe the biochemical indices and histopathological changes in the kidney to evaluate the pharmacological effects of ACT on DN. Untargeted metabolomics studies were performed to investigate by UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS on urine, serum, and kidney samples. The key targets and pathways were analyzed by network pharmacology. For the pathways enriched by untargeted metabolomics, targeted metabolomics by UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS was performed in kidney samples for validation. Sensitive biomarkers in kidney samples were evaluated. The effect of ACT on the improvement of DN from the perspective of metabolism of small molecules in vivo was described. RESULTS ACT could delay the progression of DN and improve the degree of histopathological damage to the kidney. The pathways were focused on amino acid metabolism by untargeted metabolomics. Through network pharmacology analysis, the effect pathways were related to signal transduction, carbohydrate, lipid, amino acid metabolism and mainly affected the endocrine and immune systems. Amino acid metabolism was disturbed in the kidney of db/db mice, which could be callback by ACT, such as tryptophan, glutamine, cysteine, leucine, threonine, proline, phenylalanine, histidine, serine, arginine, asparagine by targeted metabolomics. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study provided strong support for ACT on DN treatment in clinics. Meanwhile, the Rehmannia glutinosa was used fully to raise the income level of farmers economically, while achieving the social benefit of empowering rural revitalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Shuangrong Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Mengxiao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yuyang Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China; Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Chang Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Baolin Bian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiaolu Wei
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Takashi Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Nan Si
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Center for Drug Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, 100022, China.
| | - Haiyu Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gu X, Drouin-Chartier JP, Sacks FM, Hu FB, Rosner B, Willett WC. Red meat intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in a prospective cohort study of United States females and males. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:1153-1163. [PMID: 38044023 PMCID: PMC10739777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies with methodological advancements are warranted to confirm the relation of red meat consumption to the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D). OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the relationships of intakes of total, processed, and unprocessed red meat to risk of T2D and to estimate the effects of substituting different protein sources for red meats on T2D risk. METHODS Our study included 216,695 participants (81% females) from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), NHS II, and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS). Red meat intakes were assessed with semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) every 2 to 4 y since the study baselines. We used multivariable-adjusted proportional hazards models to estimate the associations between red meats and T2D. RESULTS Over 5,483,981 person-years of follow-up, we documented 22,761 T2D cases. Intakes of total, processed, and unprocessed red meat were positively and approximately linearly associated with higher risks of T2D. Comparing the highest to the lowest quintiles, hazard ratios (HR) were 1.62 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.53, 1.71) for total red meat, 1.51 (95% CI: 1.44, 1.58) for processed red meat, and 1.40 (95% CI: 1.33, 1.47) for unprocessed red meat. The percentage lower risk of T2D associated with substituting 1 serving/d of nuts and legumes for total red meat was 30% (HR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.66, 0.74), for processed red meat was 41% (HR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.55, 0.64), and for unprocessed red meat was 29% (HR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.75); Substituting 1 serving/d of dairy for total, processed, or unprocessed red meat was also associated with significantly lower risk of T2D. The observed associations became stronger after we calibrated dietary intakes to intakes assessed by weighed diet records. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports current dietary recommendations for limiting consumption of red meat intake and emphasizes the importance of different alternative sources of protein for T2D prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Gu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jean-Philippe Drouin-Chartier
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Frank M Sacks
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Su X, Cheung CYY, Zhong J, Ru Y, Fong CHY, Lee CH, Liu Y, Cheung CKY, Lam KSL, Xu A, Cai Z. Ten metabolites-based algorithm predicts the future development of type 2 diabetes in Chinese. J Adv Res 2023:S2090-1232(23)00365-X. [PMID: 38030128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogeneous metabolic disease with large variations in the relative contributions of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction across different glucose tolerance subgroups and ethnicities. A more precise yet feasible approach to categorize risk preceding T2D onset is urgently needed. This study aimed to identify potential metabolic biomarkers that could contribute to the development of T2D and investigate whether their impact on T2D is mediated through insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. METHODS A non-targeted metabolomic analysis was performed in plasma samples of 196 incident T2D cases and 196 age- and sex-matched non-T2D controls recruited from a long-term prospective Chinese community-based cohort with a follow-up period of ∼ 16 years. RESULTS Metabolic profiles revealed profound perturbation of metabolomes before T2D onset. Overall metabolic shifts were strongly associated with insulin resistance rather than β-cell dysfunction. In addition, 188 out of the 578 annotated metabolites were associated with insulin resistance. Bi-directional mediation analysis revealed putative causal relationships among the metabolites, insulin resistance and T2D risk. We built a machine-learning based prediction model, integrating the conventional clinical risk factors (age, BMI, TyG index and 2hG) and 10 metabolites (acetyl-tryptophan, kynurenine, γ-glutamyl-phenylalanine, DG(18:2/22:6), DG(38:7), LPI(18:2), LPC(P-16:0), LPC(P-18:1), LPC(P-20:0) and LPE(P-20:0)) (AUROC = 0.894, 5.6% improvement comparing to the conventional clinical risk model), that successfully predicts the development of T2D. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the notion that the metabolic changes resulting from insulin resistance, rather than β-cell dysfunction, are the primary drivers of T2D in Chinese adults. Metabolomes as a valuable phenotype hold potential clinical utility in the prediction of T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Su
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chloe Y Y Cheung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junda Zhong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Carol H Y Fong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Ho Lee
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cynthia K Y Cheung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karen S L Lam
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu Y, Wang D, Liu YP. Metabolite profiles of diabetes mellitus and response to intervention in anti-hyperglycemic drugs. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1237934. [PMID: 38027178 PMCID: PMC10644798 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1237934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a major health problem, threatening the quality of life of nearly 500 million patients worldwide. As a typical multifactorial metabolic disease, T2DM involves the changes and interactions of various metabolic pathways such as carbohydrates, amino acid, and lipids. It has been suggested that metabolites are not only the endpoints of upstream biochemical processes, but also play a critical role as regulators of disease progression. For example, excess free fatty acids can lead to reduced glucose utilization in skeletal muscle and induce insulin resistance; metabolism disorder of branched-chain amino acids contributes to the accumulation of toxic metabolic intermediates, and promotes the dysfunction of β-cell mitochondria, stress signal transduction, and apoptosis. In this paper, we discuss the role of metabolites in the pathogenesis of T2DM and their potential as biomarkers. Finally, we list the effects of anti-hyperglycemic drugs on serum/plasma metabolic profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi-Ping Liu
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Sport and Health Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gao J, Yang T, Song B, Ma X, Ma Y, Lin X, Wang H. Abnormal tryptophan catabolism in diabetes mellitus and its complications: Opportunities and challenges. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115395. [PMID: 37657259 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence rate of diabetes mellitus (DM), including type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), has increased year by year and has become a major global health problem. DM can lead to serious complications of macrovascular and microvascular. Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid for the human body. Trp is metabolized in the body through the indole pathway, kynurenine (Kyn) pathway and serotonin (5-HT) pathway, and is regulated by intestinal microorganisms to varying degrees. These three metabolic pathways have extensive regulatory effects on the immune, endocrine, neural, and energy metabolism systems of the body, and are related to the physiological and pathological processes of various diseases. The key enzymes and metabolites in the Trp metabolic pathway are also deeply involved in the pathogenesis of DM, playing an important role in pancreatic function, insulin resistance (IR), intestinal barrier, and angiogenesis. In DM and its complications, there is a disruption of Trp metabolic balance. Several therapy approaches for DM and complications have been proven to modify tryptophan metabolism. The metabolism of Trp is becoming a new area of focus for DM prevention and care. This paper reviews the impact of the three metabolic pathways of Trp on the pathogenesis of DM and the alterations in Trp metabolism in these diseases, expecting to provide entry points for the treatment of DM and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Gao
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Bohan Song
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yichen Ma
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaowei Lin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Hongwu Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ding Y, Wang S, Lu J. Unlocking the Potential: Amino Acids' Role in Predicting and Exploring Therapeutic Avenues for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Metabolites 2023; 13:1017. [PMID: 37755297 PMCID: PMC10535527 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13091017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), imposes a significant global burden with adverse clinical outcomes and escalating healthcare expenditures. Early identification of biomarkers can facilitate better screening, earlier diagnosis, and the prevention of diabetes. However, current clinical predictors often fail to detect abnormalities during the prediabetic state. Emerging studies have identified specific amino acids as potential biomarkers for predicting the onset and progression of diabetes. Understanding the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms can offer valuable insights into disease prevention and therapeutic interventions. This review provides a comprehensive summary of evidence supporting the use of amino acids and metabolites as clinical biomarkers for insulin resistance and diabetes. We discuss promising combinations of amino acids, including branched-chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids, glycine, asparagine and aspartate, in the prediction of T2DM. Furthermore, we delve into the mechanisms involving various signaling pathways and the metabolism underlying the role of amino acids in disease development. Finally, we highlight the potential of targeting predictive amino acids for preventive and therapeutic interventions, aiming to inspire further clinical investigations and mitigate the progression of T2DM, particularly in the prediabetic stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilan Ding
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (Y.D.); (S.W.)
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shuangyuan Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (Y.D.); (S.W.)
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jieli Lu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (Y.D.); (S.W.)
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yousri NA, Albagha OME, Hunt SC. Integrated epigenome, whole genome sequence and metabolome analyses identify novel multi-omics pathways in type 2 diabetes: a Middle Eastern study. BMC Med 2023; 21:347. [PMID: 37679740 PMCID: PMC10485955 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T2D is of high prevalence in the middle east and thus studying its mechanisms is of a significant importance. Using 1026 Qatar BioBank samples, epigenetics, whole genome sequencing and metabolomics were combined to further elucidate the biological mechanisms of T2D in a population with a high prevalence of T2D. METHODS An epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) with T2D was performed using the Infinium 850K EPIC array, followed by whole genome-wide sequencing SNP-CpG association analysis (> 5.5 million SNPs) and a methylome-metabolome (CpG-metabolite) analysis of the identified T2D sites. RESULTS A total of 66 T2D-CpG associations were identified, including 63 novel sites in pathways of fructose and mannose metabolism, insulin signaling, galactose, starch and sucrose metabolism, and carbohydrate absorption and digestion. Whole genome SNP associations with the 66 CpGs resulted in 688 significant CpG-SNP associations comprising 22 unique CpGs (33% of the 66 CPGs) and included 181 novel pairs or pairs in novel loci. Fourteen of the loci overlapped published GWAS loci for diabetes related traits and were used to identify causal associations of HK1 and PFKFB2 with HbA1c. Methylome-metabolome analysis identified 66 significant CpG-metabolite pairs among which 61 pairs were novel. Using the identified methylome-metabolome associations, methylation QTLs, and metabolic networks, a multi-omics network was constructed which suggested a number of metabolic mechanisms underlying T2D methylated genes. 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-GPE (16:0/18:1) - a triglyceride-associated metabolite, shared a common network with 13 methylated CpGs, including TXNIP, PFKFB2, OCIAD1, and BLCAP. Mannonate - a food component/plant shared a common network with 6 methylated genes, including TXNIP, BLCAP, THBS4 and PEF1, pointing to a common possible cause of methylation in those genes. A subnetwork with alanine, glutamine, urea cycle (citrulline, arginine), and 1-carboxyethylvaline linked to PFKFB2 and TXNIP revealed associations with kidney function, hypertension and triglyceride metabolism. The pathway containing STYXL1-POR was associated with a sphingosine-ceramides subnetwork associated with HDL-C and LDL-C and point to steroid perturbations in T2D. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed several novel methylated genes in T2D, with their genomic variants and associated metabolic pathways with several implications for future clinical use of multi-omics associations in disease and for studying therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noha A Yousri
- Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
- Computer and Systems Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Omar M E Albagha
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhen D, Ding L, Wang B, Wang X, Hou Y, Ding W, Portha B, Liu J. Oral administration of kynurenic acid delays the onset of type 2 diabetes in Goto-Kakizaki rats. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17733. [PMID: 37424591 PMCID: PMC10328841 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous catabolite of tryptophan that has been found to demonstrate neuroprotective properties in psychiatric disorders. Recently, accumulating data have suggested that KYNA may also play a significant role in various metabolic diseases by stimulating energy metabolism in adipose tissue and muscle. However, whether KYNA can serves as an anti-diabetes agent has yet to be studied. In this study, we investigated the potential anti-diabetic effects of administering KYNA orally through drinking water in pre-diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats and examined how this treatment may influence energy metabolism regulation within the liver. We found that hyperglycemic Goto-Kakizaki rats showed lower plasmatic KYNA levels compared to normal rats. Oral administration of KYNA significantly delayed the onset of diabetes in Goto-Kakizaki rats compared to untreated animals. Moreover, we found that KYNA treatment significantly increased respiration exchange ratio and promoted the energy expenditure by stimulating the expression of uncoupling protein (UCP). We confirmed that KYNA stimulated the UCP expression in HepG2 cells and mouse hepatocytes at mRNA and protein levels. Our study reveals that KYNA could potentially act as an anti-diabetic agent and KYNA-induced UCP upregulation is closely associated with the regulation of energy metabolism. These results provide further evidence for the therapeutic potential of KYNA in diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delong Zhen
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lina Ding
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Bao Wang
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yanli Hou
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Wenyu Ding
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Bernard Portha
- Laboratoire B2PE (Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine), Unité BFA (Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptive), CNRS UMR 8251, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Junjun Liu
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li Z, Jiang Y, Long C, Peng Q, Yue R. The gut microbiota-astrocyte axis: Implications for type 2 diabetic cognitive dysfunction. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29 Suppl 1:59-73. [PMID: 36601656 PMCID: PMC10314112 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cognitive dysfunction (DCD) is one of the most insidious complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus, which can seriously affect the ability to self-monitoring of blood glucose and the quality of life in the elderly. Previous pathological studies of cognitive dysfunction have focused on neuronal dysfunction, characterized by extracellular beta-amyloid deposition and intracellular tau hyperphosphorylation. In recent years, astrocytes have been recognized as a potential therapeutic target for cognitive dysfunction and important participants in the central control of metabolism. The disorder of gut microbiota and their metabolites have been linked to a series of metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. The imbalance of intestinal flora has the effect of promoting the occurrence and deterioration of several diabetes-related complications. Gut microbes and their metabolites can drive astrocyte activation. AIMS We reviewed the pathological progress of DCD related to the "gut microbiota-astrocyte" axis in terms of peripheral and central inflammation, intestinal and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, systemic and brain energy metabolism disorders to deepen the pathological research progress of DCD and explore the potential therapeutic targets. CONCLUSION "Gut microbiota-astrocyte" axis, unique bidirectional crosstalk in the brain-gut axis, mediates the intermediate pathological process of neurocognitive dysfunction secondary to metabolic disorders in diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Han Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Ya‐Yi Jiang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Cai‐Yi Long
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Qian Peng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Ren‐Song Yue
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Haghshenas R, Aftabi Y, Doaei S, Gholamalizadeh M. Synergistic effect of endurance training and nettle leaf extract on the IDO1-KYN-AHR pathway homeostasis and inhibiting of liver toxicity in rats with STZ-induced diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1071424. [PMID: 37305057 PMCID: PMC10251405 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1071424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes adversely affects a number of hepatic molecular pathways, including the kynurenine (KYN) pathway. KYN is produced by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). This study evaluated the effect of endurance training (EndTr) and nettle leaf extract (NLE) on the IDO1-KYN-AHR pathway in the livers of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Methods We divided 48 rats into six groups: controls (Ct), treated with EndTr (EndTr), diabetes-induced (D), D treated with NLE (D + NLE), D treated with EndTr (D + EnTr), and D treated with EndTr and NLE (D + EndTr + NLE). EndTr, D + EnTr, and D + EndTr + NLE groups were subjected to training with running on treadmill for 8 weeks, 5 days per week, 25 min in first session to 59 min at last session with intensity of 55% to 65% VO2max. Using real-time PCR gene (Ahr, Cyp1a1, and Ido1) expressions and ELISA, malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein (IDO1, AHR, and CYP1A1) levels were determined in the liver samples. Results A significant three-way interaction of exercise, nettle, and diabetes was observed on the all variables (P< 0.001). In particular, significant increases in blood glucose level (BGL), in gene and protein expression, and in MDA and KYN levels were observed in the liver samples of the D group versus the Ct group (P< 0.05). BGL and liver MDA levels were significantly lower in the D + EndTr and D + NLE groups than that in the D group. However, the D + EndTr + NLE group showed a more significant decrease in these factors (P< 0.05). In addition, liver KYN levels were significantly lower in the EndTr group compared with that in the Ct group as well as in the D + EndTr + NLE and D + EndTr groups compared with that in the D groups (P< 0.05). Whereas both the EndTr and D + NLE groups showed lower Ahr expression and AHR level compared with the Ct and D groups, respectively (P< 0.05), the D + EndTr + NLE group showed a higher significant reduction in the AHR level than the D group (P< 0.05). The Cyp1a1 expression and IDO1 level significantly decreased only in the D + EndTr + NLE group compared to that in the D group (P< 0.05). Conclusion Overall, this study showed that the combination of EndTr and NLE may synergistically restore the imbalanced IDO1-KYN-AHR pathway in diabetic liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rouhollah Haghshenas
- Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | - Younes Aftabi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saied Doaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Boßlau TK, Wasserfurth P, Reichel T, Weyh C, Palmowski J, Nebl J, Joisten N, Belen S, Schenk A, Hahn A, Zimmer P, Krüger K. 12-week combined strength and endurance exercise attenuates CD8 + T-cell differentiation and affects the kynurenine pathway in the elderly: a randomized controlled trial. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:19. [PMID: 37161540 PMCID: PMC10169370 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related accumulation of highly differentiated CD8+ effector memory re-expressing CD45RA (EMRA) T-cells and disruption of the kynurenine (KYN) pathway are associated with chronic inflammation and the development of insulin resistance. In this study the aim was to investigate the effects of 12-week combined strength and endurance exercise on CD8+ T-cell differentiation and KYN pathway metabolites. Ninety-six elderly subjects (f/m, aged 50-70) were randomized to a control (CON) or exercise (EX) group. The EX group completed combined strength and endurance training twice weekly for one hour each time at an intensity of 60% of the one-repetition maximum for strength exercises and a perceived exertion of 15/20 for endurance exercises. The EX group was also randomly subdivided into two groups with or without a concomitant balanced diet intervention in order to examine additional effects besides exercise alone. Before and after the intervention phase, the proportions of CD8+ T-cell subsets and levels of KYN pathway metabolites in peripheral blood were determined. RESULTS The CD8+ EMRA T-cell subsets increased in the CON group but remained almost unchanged in the EX group (p = .02). Plasma levels of kynurenic acid (KA) increased in the EX group and decreased in the CON group (p = .03). Concomitant nutritional intervention resulted in lower levels of quinolinic acid (QA) compared with exercise alone (p = .03). Overall, there was a slight increase in the QA/KA ratio in the CON group, whereas it decreased in the EX group (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS Combined strength and endurance training seems to be a suitable approach to attenuate CD8+ T-cell differentiation in the elderly and to redirect the KYN pathway towards KA. The clinical relevance of these effects needs further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Konstantin Boßlau
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Paulina Wasserfurth
- Department of Exercise, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, Connollystraße 32, 80809, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Reichel
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christopher Weyh
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jana Palmowski
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394, Giessen, Germany
| | - Josefine Nebl
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hanover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30159, Hannover, Germany
| | - Niklas Joisten
- Division of Performance and Health, Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 3, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sergen Belen
- Division of Performance and Health, Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 3, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Alexander Schenk
- Division of Performance and Health, Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 3, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hanover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30159, Hannover, Germany
| | - Philipp Zimmer
- Division of Performance and Health, Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 3, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Karsten Krüger
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Eggertsen PP, Hansen J, Andersen ML, Nielsen JF, Olsen RKJ, Palmfeldt J. Simultaneous measurement of kynurenine metabolites and explorative metabolomics using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: A novel accurate method applied to serum and plasma samples from a large healthy cohort. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 227:115304. [PMID: 36827735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Kynurenine metabolites are emerging as promising clinical biomarkers in several diseases, especially within psychiatry. Unfortunately, they are difficult to detect, particularly the challenging neurotoxic metabolite quinolinic acid (QUIN). The aim of this study was twofold: First, to develop a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method (LC-MS) for simultaneous targeted quantification of key kynurenine metabolites together with untargeted metabolomics, and second, to demonstrate the feasibility of the method by exploring serum/plasma and gender differences in 120 healthy young adults between 18 and 30 years of age. A range of analytical columns (C18 and biphenyl columns) and mobile phases (acidic and alkaline) were systematically evaluated. The optimized LC-MS method was based on a biphenyl column, a water-methanol gradient with 0.2% formic acid, and authentic isotope-labeled standards for each kynurenine metabolite. Precision and accuracy of targeted quantification of the key kynurenine metabolites tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA), 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK), and QUIN were excellent, far exceeding the acceptance criteria specified by international guidelines. Median inter- and intra-day precision were < 6% in serum and plasma; the median accuracy was 2.4% in serum and 8% in plasma. Serum concentrations were ≤ 10% different from the corresponding concentrations in plasma for all kynurenine metabolites in healthy young adults. Men had higher levels (8-18%) of TRP, KYN, and KYNA than women (p ≤ 0.009), while no differences were observed for 3-HK and QUIN (p > 0.70). Incurred sample reanalysis of 10% of the samples yielded a median difference < 5% from the initial measurement, demonstrating the robustness of the method. Besides the targeted quantification of key kynurenine metabolites, our method was found to be suitable for simultaneous untargeted metabolomics analyses of hundreds of metabolites. A range of compound classes could be detected including amino acids, nucleic acids, dipeptides, antioxidants, and acylcarnitines, making explorative studies highly feasible. For example, we identified an additional kynurenine metabolite, 2-Quinolinecarboxylic acid, which was 47% higher in males than females (adjusted p-value = 0.001). In conclusion, in this study, we present a reliable and robust LC-MS method for simultaneous targeted and untargeted metabolomics ready for both research and clinical use. We show that both serum and plasma can be used for kynurenine studies, and the reported gender differences are in accordance with the literature. Future studies should consider using biphenyl-based LC-MS columns to successfully detect QUIN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Preben Eggertsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Hammel Neurorehabilitation Centre and University Research Clinic, Denmark.
| | - Jakob Hansen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Malene Lundfold Andersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Feldbæk Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; Hammel Neurorehabilitation Centre and University Research Clinic, Denmark
| | - Rikke Katrine Jentoft Olsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Johan Palmfeldt
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mi MY, Whitlock M, Shi X, Farrell LA, Bhambhani VM, Quadir J, Blatnik M, Wald KP, Tierney B, Kim A, Loudon P, Chen ZZ, Correa A, Gao Y, Carson AP, Bertoni AG, Roth Flach RJ, Gerszten RE. Mixed meal tolerance testing highlights in diabetes altered branched-chain ketoacid metabolism and pathways associated with all-cause mortality. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:529-539. [PMID: 36811472 PMCID: PMC10356557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated BCAA levels are strongly associated with diabetes, but how diabetes affects BCAA, branched-chain ketoacids (BCKAs), and the broader metabolome after a meal is not well known. OBJECTIVE To compare quantitative BCAA and BCKA levels in a multiracial cohort with and without diabetes after a mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) as well as to explore the kinetics of additional metabolites and their associations with mortality in self-identified African Americans. METHODS We administered an MMTT to 11 participants without obesity or diabetes and 13 participants with diabetes (treated with metformin only) and measured the levels of BCKAs, BCAAs, and 194 other metabolites at 8 time points across 5 h. We used mixed models for repeated measurements to compare between group metabolite differences at each timepoint with adjustment for baseline. We then evaluated the association of top metabolites with different kinetics with all-cause mortality in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) (N = 2441). RESULTS BCAA levels, after adjustment for baseline, were similar at all timepoints between groups, but adjusted BCKA kinetics were different between groups for α-ketoisocaproate (P = 0.022) and α-ketoisovalerate (P = 0.021), most notably diverging at 120 min post-MMTT. An additional 20 metabolites had significantly different kinetics across timepoints between groups, and 9 of these metabolites-including several acylcarnitines-were significantly associated with mortality in JHS, irrespective of diabetes status. The highest quartile of a composite metabolite risk score was associated with higher mortality (HR:1.57; 1.20, 2.05, P = 0.00094) than the lowest quartile. CONCLUSIONS BCKA levels remained elevated after an MMTT among participants with diabetes, suggesting that BCKA catabolism may be a key dysregulated process in the interaction of BCAA and diabetes. Metabolites with different kinetics after an MMTT may be markers of dysmetabolism and associated with increased mortality in self-identified African Americans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Y Mi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | - Xu Shi
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laurie A Farrell
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Juweria Quadir
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Kyle P Wald
- Early Clinical Development, Pfizer, Groton, CT, USA
| | | | - Albert Kim
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer, Cambridge, MA, USA; Cytel, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Peter Loudon
- Early Clinical Development, Pfizer, Cambridge, UK; Tenpoint Therapeutics, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zsu-Zsu Chen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Population Health Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - April P Carson
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Alain G Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology & Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Robert E Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kynurenine Pathway in Diabetes Mellitus-Novel Pharmacological Target? Cells 2023; 12:cells12030460. [PMID: 36766803 PMCID: PMC9913876 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The tryptophan-kynurenine pathway (Trp-KYN) is the major route for tryptophan conversion in the brain and in the periphery. Kynurenines display a wide range of biological actions (which are often contrasting) such as cytotoxic/cytoprotective, oxidant/antioxidant or pro-/anti-inflammatory. The net effect depends on their local concentration, cellular environment, as well as a complex positive and negative feedback loops. The imbalance between beneficial and harmful kynurenines was implicated in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders, psychiatric illnesses and metabolic disorders, including diabetes mellitus (DM). Despite available therapies, DM may lead to serious macro- and microvascular complications including cardio- and cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic renal disease, diabetic retinopathy, autonomic neuropathy or cognitive impairment. It is well established that low-grade inflammation, which often coincides with DM, can affect the function of KP and, conversely, that kynurenines may modulate the immune response. This review provides a detailed summary of findings concerning the status of the Trp-KYN pathway in DM based on available animal, human and microbiome studies. We highlight the importance of the molecular interplay between the deranged (functionally and qualitatively) conversion of Trp to kynurenines in the development of DM and insulin resistance. The Trp-KYN pathway emerges as a novel target in the search for preventive and therapeutic interventions in DM.
Collapse
|
22
|
Hagen IV, Helland A, Bratlie M, Midttun Ø, McCann A, Ulvik A, Mellgren G, Ueland PM, Gudbrandsen OA. Serum concentrations of amino acids and tryptophan metabolites are affected by consumption of a light breakfast: a clinical intervention study in adults with overweight or obesity. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:10. [PMID: 36631895 PMCID: PMC9832616 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00661-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies often investigate amino acids and their metabolites as biomarkers, but do not always consistently use fasting or non-fasting blood samples, or may lack information on the prandial status of the study participants. Since little information is available on the effects of the prandial status on many biomarkers, and since blood is typically sampled early in the day with participants in a fasting state or after having consumed a light meal in many trials, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of a light breakfast on serum concentrations of amino acids and related metabolites. METHODS Blood was collected from sixty-three healthy adults (36 women) in the fasting state and at set times for 120 min after intake of a light breakfast with low protein content (14 g protein, 2218 kJ). Relative changes in serum biomarker concentrations from fasting to postprandial serum concentrations were tested using T test. RESULTS The serum concentrations of 13 of the 20 measured amino acids were significantly changed 60 min following breakfast intake, with the most marked effects seen as increases in alanine (34%) and proline (45%) concentrations. The response did not reflect the amino acid composition of the breakfast. The concentrations of seven kynurenine metabolites were significantly decreased after breakfast. CONCLUSION Consumption of a light breakfast affected serum concentrations of several amino acids and related metabolites, underlining the importance of having information regarding the participants' prandial state at the time of blood sampling in studies including these biomarkers. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02350595 (registered January 2015).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid V. Hagen
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Dietary Protein Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Anita Helland
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Dietary Protein Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Marianne Bratlie
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Dietary Protein Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Øivind Midttun
- grid.457562.7Bevital AS, Jonas Lies Veg 87, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Adrian McCann
- grid.457562.7Bevital AS, Jonas Lies Veg 87, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Arve Ulvik
- grid.457562.7Bevital AS, Jonas Lies Veg 87, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Gunnar Mellgren
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Mohn Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway ,grid.412008.f0000 0000 9753 1393Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Per M. Ueland
- grid.457562.7Bevital AS, Jonas Lies Veg 87, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Oddrun A. Gudbrandsen
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Dietary Protein Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yan T, Shi L, Liu T, Zhang X, Yang M, Peng W, Sun X, Yan L, Dai X, Yang X. Diet-rich in wheat bran modulates tryptophan metabolism and AhR/IL-22 signalling mediated metabolic health and gut dysbacteriosis: A novel prebiotic-like activity of wheat bran. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112179. [PMID: 36596122 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tryptophan metabolism has shown to involve in pathogenesis of various metabolic diseases. Gut microbiota-orientated diets hold great potentials to improve metabolic health via regulating tryptophan metabolism. The present study showed that the 6-week high fat diet (HFD) disturbed tryptophan metabolism accompanied with gut dysbacteriosis, also influenced the dietary tryptophan induced changes in cecum microbiome and serum metabolome in mice. The colonic expressions of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and interleukin-22 (IL-22) were significantly reduced in mice fed on HFD. Notably, a diet- rich in wheat bran effectively inhibited transformation of tryptophan to kynurenine-pathway metabolites, while increased melatonin and microbial catabolites, i.e. indole-3-propionic acid, indole-3-acetaldehyde and 5-hydroxy-indole-3-acetic acid. Such regulatory effects were accompanied with reduced fasting glucose and total triglycerides, and promoted AhR and IL-22 levels in HFD mice. Wheat bran increased the abundance of health promoting bacteria (e.g., Akkermansia and Lactobacillus), which were significantly correlated with tryptophan derived indolic metabolites. Additionally, beneficial modulatory effects of wheat bran on indolic metabolites in associations with gut dysbacteriosis from type 2 diabetes patients were confirmed in vitro fecal fermentation experiment. Our study proves the detrimental effects of HFD induced gut dysbacteriosis on tryptophan metabolism that may influence immune modulation, and provides novel insights in the mechanisms by which wheat bran could induce health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yan
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Lin Shi
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China; Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden.
| | - Tianqi Liu
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Xiangnan Zhang
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Minmin Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Wen Peng
- Nutrition and Health Promotion Center, Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Global Health Institute, Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Lijing Yan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Dai
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Agro, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China.
| | - Xinbing Yang
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xiao C, Wang JT, Su C, Miao Z, Tang J, Ouyang Y, Yan Y, Jiang Z, Fu Y, Shuai M, Gou W, Xu F, Yu EYW, Liang Y, Liang X, Tian Y, Wang J, Huang F, Zhang B, Wang H, Chen YM, Zheng JS. Associations of dietary diversity with the gut microbiome, fecal metabolites, and host metabolism: results from 2 prospective Chinese cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:1049-1058. [PMID: 36100971 PMCID: PMC9535526 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary diversity is essential for human health. The gut ecosystem provides a potential link between dietary diversity, host metabolism, and health, yet this mechanism is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES Here, we aimed to investigate the relation between dietary diversity and the gut environment as well as host metabolism from a multiomics perspective. METHODS Two independent longitudinal Chinese cohorts (a discovery and a validation cohort) were included in the present study. Dietary diversity was evaluated with FFQs. In the discovery cohort (n = 1916), we performed shotgun metagenomic and 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) sequencing to profile the gut microbiome. We used targeted metabolomics to quantify fecal and serum metabolites. The associations between dietary diversity and the microbial composition were replicated in the validation cohort (n = 1320). RESULTS Dietary diversity was positively associated with α diversity of the gut microbiota. We identified dietary diversity-related gut environment features, including the microbial structure (β diversity), 68 microbial genera, 18 microbial species, 8 functional pathways, and 13 fecal metabolites. We further found 332 associations of dietary diversity and related gut environment features with circulating metabolites. Both the dietary diversity and diversity-related features were inversely correlated with 4 circulating secondary bile acids. Moreover, 16 mediation associations were observed among dietary diversity, diversity-related features, and the 4 secondary bile acids. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that high dietary diversity is associated with the gut microbial environment. The identified key microbes and metabolites may serve as hypotheses to test for preventing metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congmei Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-ting Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Su
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Zelei Miao
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifei Ouyang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zengliang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanqing Fu
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Menglei Shuai
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanglong Gou
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengzhe Xu
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Evan Y-W Yu
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China,CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Yuhui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinxiu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunyi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China,Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Huang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang S, Li M, Lin H, Wang G, Xu Y, Zhao X, Hu C, Zhang Y, Zheng R, Hu R, Shi L, Du R, Su Q, Wang J, Chen Y, Yu X, Yan L, Wang T, Zhao Z, Liu R, Wang X, Li Q, Qin G, Wan Q, Chen G, Xu M, Dai M, Zhang D, Tang X, Gao Z, Shen F, Luo Z, Qin Y, Chen L, Huo Y, Li Q, Ye Z, Zhang Y, Liu C, Wang Y, Wu S, Yang T, Deng H, Zhao J, Lai S, Mu Y, Chen L, Li D, Xu G, Ning G, Wang W, Bi Y, Lu J. Amino acids, microbiota-related metabolites, and the risk of incident diabetes among normoglycemic Chinese adults: Findings from the 4C study. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100727. [PMID: 35998626 PMCID: PMC9512668 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
26
|
Haleem DJ. Nutritional importance of tryptophan for improving treatment in depression and diabetes. Nutr Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The importance of nutrients in our diet is becoming increasingly recognized. From the viewpoint of protein synthesis and other physiologic and metabolic functions, all amino acids are important, but some of these amino acids are not synthesized endogenously. This subset, called essential amino acids, comprise dietarily indispensable nutrients. Tryptophan, an essential amino acid, is the sole precursor of neuronal as well as peripheral serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine). Its systemic or oral administration increases serotonin synthesis because tryptophan hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme of 5-hydroxytryptamine biosynthesis, is physiologically unsaturated with its substrate. Central serotonin is implicated in a number of psychiatric illnesses, including depression, and in responses to stress. Acting peripherally, serotonin affects vasoconstriction, intestinal motility, control of T cell–mediated immunity, and liver and pancreatic functions. Depression and diabetes are 2 highly prevalent diseases that often coexist. There is evidence that occurrence of depression is 2–3 times higher in people with diabetes mellitus. A comorbid condition of diabetes and depression worsens the treatment and increases risk for death. Stress, known for its causal role in depression, can also enhance risk for diabetes. Stress-induced decreases in the circulating levels of tryptophan can impair brain and pancreatic serotonin-dependent functions to precipitate these diseases. The importance of tryptophan supplementation for improving therapeutic intervention in depression and diabetes is the focus of this article. A deficiency of this essential amino acid may enhance risk for depression as well as diabetes, and can also weaken treatment efficacy of medicinal compounds for treating these diseases. Guidelines for optimal levels of circulating tryptophan can help if supplements of this amino acid can improve treatment efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darakhshan Jabeen Haleem
- University of Karachi Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine & Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science, and the Department of Biochemistry, Neurochemistry and Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, , Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tan KML, Tint MT, Kothandaraman N, Yap F, Godfrey KM, Lee YS, Tan KH, Gluckman PD, Chong YS, Chong MFF, Eriksson JG, Cameron-Smith D. Association of plasma kynurenine pathway metabolite concentrations with metabolic health risk in prepubertal Asian children. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:1128-1137. [PMID: 35173282 PMCID: PMC7612806 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tryptophan-kynurenine (KYN) pathway is linked to obesity-related systemic inflammation and metabolic health. The pathway generates multiple metabolites, with little available data on their relationships to early markers of increased metabolic disease risk in children. The aim of this study was to examine the association of multiple KYN pathway metabolites with metabolic risk markers in prepubertal Asian children. METHODS Fasting plasma concentrations of KYN pathway metabolites were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in 8-year-old children (n = 552) from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) prospective mother-offspring cohort study. The child's weight and height were used to ascertain overweight and obesity using local body mass index (BMI)-for-age percentile charts. Body fat percentage was measured by quantitative magnetic resonance. Abdominal circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride, and HDL-cholesterol were used for the calculation of Metabolic syndrome scores (MetS). Serum triglyceride, BMI, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and abdominal circumference were used in the calculation of the Fatty liver index (FLI). Associations were examined using multivariable regression analyses. RESULTS In overweight or obese children (n = 93; 16.9% of the cohort), all KYN pathway metabolites were significantly increased, relative to normal weight children. KYN, kynurenic acid (KA), xanthurenic acid (XA), hydroxyanthranilic acid (HAA) and quinolinic acid (QA) all showed significant positive associations with body fat percentage (B(95% CI) = 0.32 (0.22,0.42) for QA), HOMA-IR (B(95% CI) = 0.25 (0.16,0.34) for QA), and systolic blood pressure (B(95% CI) = 0.14(0.06,0.22) for QA). All KYN metabolites except 3-hydroxykynurenine (HK) significantly correlated with MetS (B (95% CI) = 0.29 (0.21,0.37) for QA), and FLI (B (95% CI) = 0.30 (0.21,0.39) for QA). CONCLUSIONS Higher plasma concentrations of KYN pathway metabolites are associated with obesity and with increased risk for metabolic syndrome and fatty liver in prepubertal Asian children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Mei-Ling Tan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mya-Thway Tint
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (YLLSOM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Narasimhan Kothandaraman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University of Southampton Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute (KTPCMI), National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Perinatal Audit and Epidemiology, Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (YLLSOM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mary F F Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (YLLSOM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (YLLSOM), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David Cameron-Smith
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Qi Q, Li J, Yu B, Moon JY, Chai JC, Merino J, Hu J, Ruiz-Canela M, Rebholz C, Wang Z, Usyk M, Chen GC, Porneala BC, Wang W, Nguyen Q, Feofanova EV, Grove ML, Wang TJ, Gerszten RE, Dupuis J, Salas-Salvadó J, Bao W, Perkins DL, Daviglus ML, Thyagarajan B, Cai J, Wang T, Manson JE, Martínez-González MA, Selvin E, Rexrode KM, Clish CB, Hu FB, Meigs JB, Knight R, Burk RD, Boerwinkle E, Kaplan RC. Host and gut microbial tryptophan metabolism and type 2 diabetes: an integrative analysis of host genetics, diet, gut microbiome and circulating metabolites in cohort studies. Gut 2022; 71:1095-1105. [PMID: 34127525 PMCID: PMC8697256 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-324053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tryptophan can be catabolised to various metabolites through host kynurenine and microbial indole pathways. We aimed to examine relationships of host and microbial tryptophan metabolites with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D), host genetics, diet and gut microbiota. METHOD We analysed associations between circulating levels of 11 tryptophan metabolites and incident T2D in 9180 participants of diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds from five cohorts. We examined host genome-wide variants, dietary intake and gut microbiome associated with these metabolites. RESULTS Tryptophan, four kynurenine-pathway metabolites (kynurenine, kynurenate, xanthurenate and quinolinate) and indolelactate were positively associated with T2D risk, while indolepropionate was inversely associated with T2D risk. We identified multiple host genetic variants, dietary factors, gut bacteria and their potential interplay associated with these T2D-relaetd metabolites. Intakes of fibre-rich foods, but not protein/tryptophan-rich foods, were the dietary factors most strongly associated with tryptophan metabolites. The fibre-indolepropionate association was partially explained by indolepropionate-associated gut bacteria, mostly fibre-using Firmicutes. We identified a novel association between a host functional LCT variant (determining lactase persistence) and serum indolepropionate, which might be related to a host gene-diet interaction on gut Bifidobacterium, a probiotic bacterium significantly associated with indolepropionate independent of other fibre-related bacteria. Higher milk intake was associated with higher levels of gut Bifidobacterium and serum indolepropionate only among genetically lactase non-persistent individuals. CONCLUSION Higher milk intake among lactase non-persistent individuals, and higher fibre intake were associated with a favourable profile of circulating tryptophan metabolites for T2D, potentially through the host-microbial cross-talk shifting tryptophan metabolism toward gut microbial indolepropionate production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Yeshiva University Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA .,Department of Nutrtion, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jee-Young Moon
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Jin Choul Chai
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Jordi Merino
- Diabetes Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Vascular Medicine and Metabolism Unit, Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Institut d’Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus 43201, Spain
| | - Jie Hu
- Division of Women’s Health, Department of Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain,CIBER Fisiopatologıa de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain,Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra, Edificio LUNA-Navarrabiomed, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Casey Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Mykhaylo Usyk
- Departments of Pediatrics, Microbiology and Immunology, and Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Bianca C. Porneala
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Wenshuang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Department of Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Quynh Nguyen
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elena V. Feofanova
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Megan L. Grove
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Thomas J. Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Robert E. Gerszten
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatologıa de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain,Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d’Investigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus 43201, Spain
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Epidemiology, the University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - David L. Perkins
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Martha L. Daviglus
- Institute of Minority Health Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27516 USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - JoAnn E. Manson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Miguel Angel Martínez-González
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain,CIBER Fisiopatologıa de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain,Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Navarra, Edificio LUNA-Navarrabiomed, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Kathryn M. Rexrode
- Division of Women’s Health, Department of Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Clary B. Clish
- Metabolomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - James B. Meigs
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine; Center for Microbiome Innovation, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Robert D. Burk
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA,Departments of Pediatrics, Microbiology and Immunology, and Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert C. Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA,Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
The Kynurenine Pathway in Obese Middle-Aged Women with Normoglycemia and Type 2 Diabetes. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060492. [PMID: 35736425 PMCID: PMC9230031 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the relationships of tryptophan (Trp) and the metabolites of the kynurenine pathway (KP) to the occurrence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic risk factors in obese middle-aged women. The study included 128 obese women divided into two subgroups: a normoglycemic group (NG, n = 65) and a T2D group (n = 63). The concentrations of serum tryptophan (Trp), kynurenine (Kyn), 3-hydroxykynurenine (3HKyn), quinolinic acid (QA), and kynurenic acid (Kyna) were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Blood biochemical parameters and anthropometric parameters were measured. The women with T2D had significantly higher Trp, Kyna, Kyna/QA ratio, and Kyna/3HKyn ratio values than the NG women. Logistic regression analysis showed that the concentrations of Trp and Kyna and the values of the Kyna/3HKyn ratio were most strongly associated with T2D occurrence, even after controlling for confounding factors. The model with Trp level and Kyna/3HKyn ratio accounted for 20% of the variation in the presence of T2D. We also showed a different pattern of correlations between kynurenines and metabolic factors in the NG and T2D women, which was mostly reflected in the stronger relationship between BMI and KP metabolites in the NG obese women. An increase in Trp and Kyna levels with an accompanying increase in Kyna/3HKyn ratio value is associated with the occurrence of T2D in obese middle-aged women.
Collapse
|
30
|
Morze J, Wittenbecher C, Schwingshackl L, Danielewicz A, Rynkiewicz A, Hu FB, Guasch-Ferré M. Metabolomics and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:1013-1024. [PMID: 35349649 PMCID: PMC9016744 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-1705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the rapidly increasing availability of metabolomics data in prospective studies, an update of the meta evidence on metabolomics and type 2 diabetes risk is warranted. PURPOSE To conduct an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of plasma, serum, and urine metabolite markers and incident type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES We searched PubMed and Embase until 6 March 2021. STUDY SELECTION We selected prospective observational studies where investigators used high-throughput techniques to investigate the relationship between plasma, serum, or urine metabolites and incident type 2 diabetes. DATA EXTRACTION Baseline metabolites per-SD risk estimates and 95% CIs for incident type 2 diabetes were extracted from all eligible studies. DATA SYNTHESIS A total of 61 reports with 71,196 participants and 11,771 type 2 diabetes cases/events were included in the updated review. Meta-analysis was performed for 412 metabolites, of which 123 were statistically significantly associated (false discovery rate-corrected P < 0.05) with type 2 diabetes risk. Higher plasma and serum levels of certain amino acids (branched-chain, aromatic, alanine, glutamate, lysine, and methionine), carbohydrates and energy-related metabolites (mannose, trehalose, and pyruvate), acylcarnitines (C4-DC, C4-OH, C5, C5-OH, and C8:1), the majority of glycerolipids (di- and triacylglycerols), (lyso)phosphatidylethanolamines, and ceramides included in meta-analysis were associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio 1.07-2.58). Higher levels of glycine, glutamine, betaine, indolepropionate, and (lyso)phosphatidylcholines were associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk (hazard ratio 0.69-0.90). LIMITATIONS Substantial heterogeneity (I2 > 50%, τ2 > 0.1) was observed for some of the metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Several plasma and serum metabolites, including amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, are associated with type 2 diabetes risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Morze
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Clemens Wittenbecher
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Lukas Schwingshackl
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Centre—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Danielewicz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Andrzej Rynkiewicz
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division for Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Marta Guasch-Ferré
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division for Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yang Z, Cai X, Xu X, Xu Z, Ye S, Wang Y, Hong Y, Shen B, Liao Q, Xie Z, Wang X. Urinary metabolomics identified metabolic disturbance associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. Anal Biochem 2022; 647:114665. [PMID: 35339450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder. Nevertheless, its accurate mechanisms remain unclear. Metabolomics is a powerful technique to identify small molecules that could be used to discover pathogenesis and therapeutical targets of disease. In the present study, a urinary untargeted metabolomics combined with targeted quantification analysis was performed to uncover metabolic disturbance associated with PCOS. A total of thirty-eight metabolites were obtained between PCOS patients and healthy controls, which were mainly involved in lipids (39.5%), organic acids and derivatives (23.7%), and organic oxygen compounds (18.4%). Based on enrichment analysis, fourteen metabolic pathways were found to be perturbed in PCOS, particularly glycerophospholipid metabolism and tryptophan metabolism. Targeted quantification profiling of tryptophan metabolism demonstrated that seven compounds (tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, quinolinic acid, xanthurenic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine) were up-regulated in PCOS. And these tryptophan-kynurenine metabolites showed significant correlations with PCOS clinical features, such as positively associated with testosterone, free androgen index, and the ratio of luteinizing hormone to follicle stimulating hormone. Thus, this study disclosed urinary metabolome changes associated with PCOS, and might provide new insights into PCOS pathogenesis elucidation and therapeutical target development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhandong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuzi Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Xiaoxia Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Zengmei Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Simin Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yanjun Hong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Baochun Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Qiongfeng Liao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhiyong Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lischka J, Schanzer A, Baumgartner M, de Gier C, Greber-Platzer S, Zeyda M. Tryptophan Metabolism Is Associated with BMI and Adipose Tissue Mass and Linked to Metabolic Disease in Pediatric Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020286. [PMID: 35057467 PMCID: PMC8781866 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The obesity epidemic has contributed to an escalating prevalence of metabolic diseases in children. Overnutrition leads to increased tryptophan uptake and availability. An association between the induction of the tryptophan catabolic pathway via indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity and obesity-related inflammation has been observed. This study aimed to investigate the impact of pediatric obesity on tryptophan metabolism and the potential relationship with metabolic disease. In this prospective cohort study, plasma kynurenine, tryptophan, and serotonin levels were measured by ELISA, and IDO activity was estimated by calculating the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio in a clinically characterized population with severe obesity (BMI ≥ 97th percentile) aged 9 to 19 (n = 125). IDO activity and its product kynurenine correlated with BMI z-score and body fat mass, whereas concentrations of serotonin, the alternative tryptophan metabolite, negatively correlated with these measures of adiposity. Kynurenine and tryptophan, but not serotonin levels, were associated with disturbed glucose metabolism. Tryptophan concentrations negatively correlated with adiponectin and were significantly higher in prediabetes and metabolically unhealthy obesity. In conclusion, BMI and body fat mass were associated with increased tryptophan catabolism via the kynurenine pathway and decreased serotonin production in children and adolescents with severe obesity. The resulting elevated kynurenine levels may contribute to metabolic disease in obesity.
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang S, Mu L, Zhang C, Long X, Zhang Y, Li R, Zhao Y, Qiao J. Abnormal Activation of Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:877807. [PMID: 35721725 PMCID: PMC9199373 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.877807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) suffer from dysfunctional metabolism and studies have reported increased levels of tryptophan in patients with PCOS. However, the changes of downstream metabolites in tryptophan catabolism pathways remain unclear. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study that included 200 PCOS patients and 200 control women who were recruited from the Reproductive Medicine Center of Peking University Third Hospital from October 2017 to June 2019. The PCOS patients and the control group were further divided into subtypes of normal weight and overweight/obesity. Fasting blood samples from all subjects were collected on days 2~3 of a natural menstrual cycle or when amenorrhea for over 40 days with follicle diameter not exceeding 10 mm. The plasma levels of tryptophan metabolites were quantitatively determined by the liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer, including tryptophan, serotonin, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine, and quinolinic acid. RESULTS The tryptophan-kynurenine pathway was dysregulated in women with PCOS, along with significantly elevated levels of tryptophan, serotonin, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, and quinolinic acid. Moreover, levels of tryptophan, kynurenine, and kynurenic acid were positively correlated with luteinizing hormone, anti-Müllerian hormone, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR. tryptophan, and kynurenine and quinolinic acid had an obvious association with C-reactive protein levels. Furthermore, logistic regression showed that tryptophan, serotonin, kynurenine, kynurenic acid and quinolinic acid were all associated significantly with the increased risk of PCOS with the adjustment for potential confounding factors. Additionally, tryptophan, kynurenine, and kynurenic acid had good diagnostic performances for PCOS, and their combination exhibited higher sensitivity and specificity to diagnostic efficiency, with the area under the ROC curve of 0.824 (95% CI 0.777-0.871), which was comparable to the endocrine indicators. CONCLUSION S The tryptophan-kynurenine pathway was abnormally activated in PCOS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Liangshan Mu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Long
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Research Units of Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment of Oocyte Maturation Arrest, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhao,
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Research Units of Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment of Oocyte Maturation Arrest, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sudar-Milovanovic E, Gluvic Z, Obradovic M, Zaric B, Isenovic ER. Tryptophan Metabolism in Atherosclerosis and Diabetes. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:99-113. [PMID: 34269660 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210714153649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The essential amino acid tryptophan (Trp) undergoes catabolism through several pathways, producing biologically active metabolites that significantly impact physiological processes. The metabolic pathway responsible for the majority of Trp catabolism is the kynurenine synthesis pathway (KP). Serotonin and melatonin are among the most essential Trp pathways degradation products. It has emerged that a strong relationship exists between alterations in Trp metabolism and the onset and progression of atherosclerosis and diabetes. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the small and medium arteries wall caused by maladaptive local immune responses, which underpins several cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Systemic low-grade immune-mediated inflammation is implicated in atherosclerosis where pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ), play a significant role. IFN-γ upregulates the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), decreasing serum levels of the Trp and increasing metabolite levels of kynurenine. Increased IDO expression and activity could accelerate the atherosclerosis process. Therefore, activated IDO inhibition could offer possible treatment options regarding atherosclerosis management. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that, over time, leads to severe damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and peripheral nerves. Trp serum levels and lower activity of IDO were higher in future type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. This article reviews recent findings on the link between mammalian Trp metabolism and its role in atherosclerosis and diabetes and outlines the intervention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emina Sudar-Milovanovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Zoran Gluvic
- Clinic for Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Zemun Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Milan Obradovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Bozidarka Zaric
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Esma R Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade,Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
McMichael LE, Heath H, Johnson CM, Fanter R, Alarcon N, Quintana-Diaz A, Pilolla K, Schaffner A, Jelalian E, Wing RR, Brito A, Phelan S, La Frano MR. Metabolites involved in purine degradation, insulin resistance, and fatty acid oxidation are associated with prediction of Gestational diabetes in plasma. Metabolomics 2021; 17:105. [PMID: 34837546 PMCID: PMC8741304 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-021-01857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) significantly increases maternal and fetal health risks, but factors predictive of GDM are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES Plasma metabolomics analyses were conducted in early pregnancy to identify potential metabolites associated with prediction of GDM. METHODS Sixty-eight pregnant women with overweight/obesity from a clinical trial of a lifestyle intervention were included. Participants who developed GDM (n = 34; GDM group) were matched on treatment group, age, body mass index, and ethnicity with those who did not develop GDM (n = 34; Non-GDM group). Blood draws were completed early in pregnancy (10-16 weeks). Plasma samples were analyzed by UPLC-MS using three metabolomics assays. RESULTS One hundred thirty moieties were identified. Thirteen metabolites including pyrimidine/purine derivatives involved in uric acid metabolism, carboxylic acids, fatty acylcarnitines, and sphingomyelins (SM) were different when comparing the GDM vs. the Non-GDM groups (p < 0.05). The most significant differences were elevations in the metabolites' hypoxanthine, xanthine and alpha-hydroxybutyrate (p < 0.002, adjusted p < 0.02) in GDM patients. A panel consisting of four metabolites: SM 14:0, hypoxanthine, alpha-hydroxybutyrate, and xanthine presented the highest diagnostic accuracy with an AUC = 0.833 (95% CI: 0.572686-0.893946), classifying as a "very good panel". CONCLUSION Plasma metabolites mainly involved in purine degradation, insulin resistance, and fatty acid oxidation, were altered in early pregnancy in connection with subsequent GDM development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E McMichael
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Hannah Heath
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Catherine M Johnson
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Rob Fanter
- College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
- Cal Poly Metabolomics Service Center, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Noemi Alarcon
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Ave, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407, USA
- Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Adilene Quintana-Diaz
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Ave, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407, USA
- Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Kari Pilolla
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
- Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Schaffner
- Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
- Department of Statistics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Elissa Jelalian
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Rena R Wing
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Alex Brito
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolomic Analysis, Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology. I.M. Sechenov First, Moscow Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- World-Class Research Center Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Suzanne Phelan
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Ave, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407, USA
- Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Michael R La Frano
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA.
- Cal Poly Metabolomics Service Center, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA.
- Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
van der Velpen V, Rosenberg N, Maillard V, Teav T, Chatton J, Gallart‐Ayala H, Ivanisevic J. Sex-specific alterations in NAD+ metabolism in 3xTg Alzheimer's disease mouse brain assessed by quantitative targeted LC-MS. J Neurochem 2021; 159:378-388. [PMID: 33829502 PMCID: PMC8596789 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) are known to decline with age and have been associated with impaired mitochondrial function leading to neurodegeneration, a key facet of Alzheimer's disease (AD). NAD+synthesis is sustained via tryptophan-kynurenine (Trp-Kyn) pathway as de novo synthesis route, and salvage pathways dependent on the availability of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide. While being currently investigated as a multifactorial disease with a strong metabolic component, AD remains without curative treatment and important sex differences were reported in relation to disease onset and progression. The aim of this study was to reveal the potential deregulation of NAD+metabolism in AD with the direct analysis of NAD+precursors in the mouse brain tissue (wild type (WT) versus triple transgenic (3xTg) AD), using a sex-balanced design. To this end, we developed a quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method, which allowed for the measurement of the full spectrum of NAD+precursors and intermediates in all three pathways. In brain tissue of mice with developed AD symptoms, a decrease in kynurenine (Kyn) versus increase in kynurenic acid (KA) levels were observed in both sexes with a significantly higher increment of KA in males. These alterations in Trp-Kyn pathway might be a consequence of neuroinflammation and a compensatory production of neuroprotective kynurenic acid. In the NAD+ salvage pathway, significantly lower levels of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) were measured in the AD brain of males and females. Depletion of NMN implies the deregulation of salvage pathway critical for maintaining optimal NAD+ levels and mitochondrial and neuronal function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera van der Velpen
- Metabolomics PlatformFaculty of Biology and MedicineUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Present address:
Clinical Pharmacology and ToxicologyDepartment of General Internal Medicine, InselspitalBern University HospitalBernSwitzerland
| | - Nadia Rosenberg
- Department of Fundamental NeurosciencesFaculty of Biology and MedicineUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Vanille Maillard
- Metabolomics PlatformFaculty of Biology and MedicineUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Tony Teav
- Metabolomics PlatformFaculty of Biology and MedicineUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Jean‐Yves Chatton
- Department of Fundamental NeurosciencesFaculty of Biology and MedicineUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Hector Gallart‐Ayala
- Metabolomics PlatformFaculty of Biology and MedicineUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Julijana Ivanisevic
- Metabolomics PlatformFaculty of Biology and MedicineUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lee KS, Rim JH, Lee YH, Lee SG, Lim JB, Kim JH. Association of circulating metabolites with incident type 2 diabetes in an obese population from a national cohort. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 180:109077. [PMID: 34599972 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Obesity is the most common risk factor for type 2 diabetes. However, not all obese individuals develop diabetes. In the era of precision medicine, metabolomics may reveal the fundamental metabolic status of an individual. Our aim was to assess the association of metabolites with incident type 2 diabetes in obese individuals using Korean Genome and Epidemiology Cohort Study. METHODS Using 12 years of metabolomic data from 2,580 individuals, we performed a metabolomic study to define metabolically healthy obesity in an obese population (n = 704) with incident type 2 diabetes. Cox proportional hazards regression model and survival analysis were performed adjusted for the traditional risk factors of type 2 diabetes. RESULTS Our study revealed that spermine, acyl-alkyl phosphatidylcholines (C34:3, C36:3, C42:1), hydroxy sphingomyelin (C22:2, C14:1), and sphingomyelin (C16:0) were associated with incident type 2 diabetes in obese individuals after the adjustment for risk factors and correction of multiple comparisons by Bonferroni method. Five metabolites (except hydroxy sphingomyelin C14:1 and sphingomyelin C16:0) were also significantly associated with incident type 2 diabetes in lean individuals. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the need for defining metabolically healthy obesity based on serum metabolites and elucidates potential biomarkers for type 2 diabetes in an obese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Seob Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - John Hoon Rim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Guk Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Baeck Lim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Haam JH, Lee YK, Suh E, Choi SW, Chun H, Kim YS. Urine organic acids may be useful biomarkers for metabolic syndrome and its components in Korean adults. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 59:1824-1831. [PMID: 34331849 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2021-0598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components are defined clinically, those with MetS may have various derangements in metabolic pathways. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the traits of urine organic acid metabolites indicating the metabolic intermediates of the pathways in the subjects with MetS. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 246 men and 283 women in a hospital health check-up setting. Urine organic acid metabolites were assayed via high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. A high level of each metabolite was defined as the fifth quintile of the distribution. RESULTS The subjects with MetS had high levels of pyruvate, α-ketoglutarate, α-ketoisovalerate, α-ketoisocaproate, formiminoglutamate, and quinolinate (odds ratios from 1.915 to 2.809 in logistic models adjusted for age and sex). Among the metabolites, pyruvate, formiminoglutamate, and quinolinate were not independent of homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR). Several metabolites were associated with one or more components of MetS and HOMA2-IR. CONCLUSIONS Urine organic acid metabolites in MetS are characterized in altered carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. MetS shared some traits in insulin resistance. These findings may promote the understanding of the pathophysiology of MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hee Haam
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Hyejin Chun
- Department of Family medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Young-Sang Kim
- Department of Family medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Razquin C, Ruiz-Canela M, Toledo E, Hernández-Alonso P, Clish CB, Guasch-Ferré M, Li J, Wittenbecher C, Dennis C, Alonso-Gómez A, Fitó M, Liang L, Corella D, Gómez-Gracia E, Estruch R, Fiol M, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem L, Ros E, Aros F, Salas-Salvadó J, Hu FB, Martínez-González MA. Metabolomics of the tryptophan-kynurenine degradation pathway and risk of atrial fibrillation and heart failure: potential modification effect of Mediterranean diet. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:1646-1654. [PMID: 34291275 PMCID: PMC8764340 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tryptophan-kynurenine pathway is linked to inflammation. We hypothesize that metabolites implicated in this pathway may be associated with the risk of heart failure (HF) or atrial fibrillation (AF) in a population at high risk of cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVES We aimed to prospectively analyze the associations of kynurenine-related metabolites with the risk of HF and AF and to analyze a potential effect modification by the randomized interventions of the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) trial with Mediterranean diet (MedDiet). METHODS Two case-control studies nested within the PREDIMED trial were designed. We selected 324 incident HF cases and 502 incident AF cases individually matched with ≤3 controls. Conditional logistic regression models were fitted. Interactions with the intervention were tested for each of the baseline plasma metabolites measured by LC-tandem MS. RESULTS Higher baseline kynurenine:tryptophan ratio (OR for 1 SD: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.43) and higher levels of kynurenic acid (OR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.40) were associated with HF. Quinolinic acid was associated with AF (OR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.32) and HF (OR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.49). The MedDiet intervention modified the positive associations of kynurenine (Pinteraction = 0.006), kynurenic acid (Pinteraction = 0.008), and quinolinic acid (Pinteraction = 0.033) with HF and the association between kynurenic acid and AF (Pinteraction = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS We found that tryptophan-kynurenine pathway metabolites were prospectively associated with higher HF risk and to a lesser extent with AF risk. Moreover, an effect modification by MedDiet was observed for the association between plasma baseline kynurenine-related metabolites and the risk of HF, showing that the positive association of increased levels of these metabolites and HF was restricted to the control group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Razquin
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefania Toledo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Hernández-Alonso
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain,Endocrinology and Nutrition Clinical Management Unit, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Málaga Biomedical Research Institute (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain,Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), San Joan de Reus University Hospital, Reus, Spain
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marta Guasch-Ferré
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Channing Division for Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clemens Wittenbecher
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Courtney Dennis
- Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Angel Alonso-Gómez
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital; University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Montse Fitó
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar Institute for Medical Research (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gracia
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Department of Internal Medicine, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Clinical Trials Platform, Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Son Espases University Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jose Lapetra
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Research Unit, Department of Family Medicine, Seville Primary Care Health District, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Nutrition Research Group, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Aros
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital; University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain,Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), San Joan de Reus University Hospital, Reus, Spain
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Channing Division for Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Metabonomic Study on the Plasma of High-Fat Diet-Induced Dyslipidemia Rats Treated with Ge Gen Qin Lian Decoction by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6692456. [PMID: 34194524 PMCID: PMC8203394 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6692456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Gegen Qinlian decoction (GGQLD) has a definite effect on T2DM in clinic, and it has the effect of lowering blood sugar, improving insulin resistance, and improving the blood lipid level of rats with dyslipidemia, but the intervention mechanism of GGQLD on dyslipidemia has not been clarified. The changes in endogenous metabolites in the plasma of high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia rats treated with Ge Gen Qin Lian Decoction (GGQLD) were studied to elucidate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of action of GGQLD in dyslipidemia. Based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS), the metabolic profiles of rat serum samples were collected. The rat model of dyslipidemia was induced by a 60% fat-fed high-fat diet. After feeding the rats with a high-fat diet for 4 weeks, dyslipidemia appeared. After 5 weeks of GGQLD (14.85 g kg−1) administration, the metabonomics of rats' plasma samples in the normal group, model group, and administration group were analyzed. Mass profiler professional (MPP), SIMCA-P 14.1, and Graphpad prism 6.0 software were used combined with METLIN biological database and human metabolite database HMDB to screen and identify endogenous biomarkers. Metaboanalyst 4.0 software was used by combining with HMDB and KEGG databases; the enrichment and metabolic pathway of biomarkers were analyzed to explore the metabolic mechanism of dyslipidemia rats induced by high-fat diet and the intervention mechanism of Gegen Qinlian decoction. After 5 weeks of administration of GGQLD, the levels of serum TC and TG were significantly decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), while HDL-C and LDL-C were not significantly affected. After administration, the food intake of rats in the administration group decreased gradually, and the change trend of body weight gradually slowed down. The metabonomics of rat plasma samples results showed that 23 potential biomarkers including α-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and lysophosphatidylcholine were significantly changed in positive ion mode. Studies have shown that GGQLD has a significant lipid-lowering effect on dyslipidemia rats induced by a high-fat diet, and its preventive mechanism is related to tryptophan metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, α-linolenic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid, and glycerophosphatidyl metabolism pathway.
Collapse
|
41
|
Kiluk M, Lewkowicz J, Pawlak D, Tankiewicz-Kwedlo A. Crosstalk between Tryptophan Metabolism via Kynurenine Pathway and Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Context of Cardio-Metabolic Risk-Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112484. [PMID: 34199713 PMCID: PMC8199979 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Scientific interest in tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway (KP) has increased in the last decades. Describing its metabolites helped to increase their roles in many diseases and disturbances, many of a pro-inflammatory nature. It has become increasingly evident that KP can be considered an important part of emerging mediators of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome (MS), mostly stemming from chronic systemic low-grade inflammation resulting in the aggravation of cardiovascular complications. An electronic literature search of PubMed and Embase up to March 2021 was performed for papers reporting the effects of tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA), xanthurenic acid (XA), anthranilic acid (AA), and quinolinic acid (QA), focusing on their roles in carbohydrate metabolism and the cardiovascular system. In this review, we discussed the progress in tryptophan metabolism via KP research, focusing particular attention on the roles in carbohydrate metabolism and its complications in the cardiovascular system. We examined the association between KP and diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2D), diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1D), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We concluded that tryptophan metabolism via KP serves as a potential diagnostic tool in assessing cardiometabolic risk for patients with T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kiluk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland; (M.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Janina Lewkowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland; (M.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Dariusz Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Anna Tankiewicz-Kwedlo
- Department of Monitored Pharmacotherapy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-748-56-01
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lin J, Sun-Waterhouse D, Cui C. The therapeutic potential of diet on immune-related diseases: based on the regulation on tryptophan metabolism. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:8793-8811. [PMID: 34085885 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1934813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tryptophan (TRP), as an essential amino acid, plays crucial roles in maintaining immune homeostasis due to its complex metabolism pathway, including the microbial metabolism, 5-hydroxytryptamine and kynurenine pathways (KP). Metabolites from these pathways can act antioxidant and endogenous ligand of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (including microbiota metabolites: indole, indole aldehyde, indole acetic acid, indole acrylic acid, indole lactate, indole pyruvate acid, indole propionic acid, skatole, tryptamine, and indoxyl sulfate; and KP metabolites: kynurenine, kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, xanthurenic acid, and cinnabarinic acid) for regulating immune response. In immune-related diseases, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine activates indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase, a rate-limiting enzyme of KP, leading to abnormal TRP metabolism in vivo. Many recent studies found that TRP metabolism could be regulated by diet, and the diet regulation on TRP metabolism could therapy related diseases. Accordingly, this review provides a critical overview of the relationships among diet, TRP metabolism and immunity with the aim to seek a treatment opportunity for immune-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Lin
- College of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- College of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun Cui
- College of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Wei-Wei Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Holmes E, Wist J, Masuda R, Lodge S, Nitschke P, Kimhofer T, Loo RL, Begum S, Boughton B, Yang R, Morillon AC, Chin ST, Hall D, Ryan M, Bong SH, Gay M, Edgar DW, Lindon JC, Richards T, Yeap BB, Pettersson S, Spraul M, Schaefer H, Lawler NG, Gray N, Whiley L, Nicholson JK. Incomplete Systemic Recovery and Metabolic Phenoreversion in Post-Acute-Phase Nonhospitalized COVID-19 Patients: Implications for Assessment of Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:3315-3329. [PMID: 34009992 PMCID: PMC8147448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We present a multivariate metabotyping approach to assess the functional recovery of nonhospitalized COVID-19 patients and the possible biochemical sequelae of "Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome", colloquially known as long-COVID. Blood samples were taken from patients ca. 3 months after acute COVID-19 infection with further assessment of symptoms at 6 months. Some 57% of the patients had one or more persistent symptoms including respiratory-related symptoms like cough, dyspnea, and rhinorrhea or other nonrespiratory symptoms including chronic fatigue, anosmia, myalgia, or joint pain. Plasma samples were quantitatively analyzed for lipoproteins, glycoproteins, amino acids, biogenic amines, and tryptophan pathway intermediates using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Metabolic data for the follow-up patients (n = 27) were compared with controls (n = 41) and hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2 positive patients (n = 18, with multiple time-points). Univariate and multivariate statistics revealed variable patterns of functional recovery with many patients exhibiting residual COVID-19 biomarker signatures. Several parameters were persistently perturbed, e.g., elevated taurine (p = 3.6 × 10-3 versus controls) and reduced glutamine/glutamate ratio (p = 6.95 × 10-8 versus controls), indicative of possible liver and muscle damage and a high energy demand linked to more generalized tissue repair or immune function. Some parameters showed near-complete normalization, e.g., the plasma apolipoprotein B100/A1 ratio was similar to that of healthy controls but significantly lower (p = 4.2 × 10-3) than post-acute COVID-19 patients, reflecting partial reversion of the metabolic phenotype (phenoreversion) toward the healthy metabolic state. Plasma neopterin was normalized in all follow-up patients, indicative of a reduction in the adaptive immune activity that has been previously detected in active SARS-CoV-2 infection. Other systemic inflammatory biomarkers such as GlycA and the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio remained elevated in some, but not all, patients. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and orthogonal-partial least-squares discriminant analysis (O-PLS-DA) showed that the follow-up patients were, as a group, metabolically distinct from controls and partially comapped with the acute-phase patients. Significant systematic metabolic differences between asymptomatic and symptomatic follow-up patients were also observed for multiple metabolites. The overall metabolic variance of the symptomatic patients was significantly greater than that of nonsymptomatic patients for multiple parameters (χ2p = 0.014). Thus, asymptomatic follow-up patients including those with post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome displayed a spectrum of multiple persistent biochemical pathophysiology, suggesting that the metabolic phenotyping approach may be deployed for multisystem functional assessment of individual post-acute COVID-19 patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Holmes
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Center for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive,
Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction,
Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander
Fleming Building, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Julien Wist
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Center for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive,
Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Chemistry Department, Universidad del
Valle, 76001 Cali, Colombia
| | - Reika Masuda
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Samantha Lodge
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Center for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive,
Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Philipp Nitschke
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Torben Kimhofer
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Center for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive,
Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Ruey Leng Loo
- Center for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive,
Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Sofina Begum
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction,
Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander
Fleming Building, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Berin Boughton
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Center for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive,
Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Rongchang Yang
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Aude-Claire Morillon
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Sung-Tong Chin
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Drew Hall
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Monique Ryan
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Sze-How Bong
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Melvin Gay
- Bruker Pty. Ltd., Preston,
VIC 3072, Australia
| | - Dale W. Edgar
- State Adult Burn Unit, Fiona Stanley
Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Burn Injury Research Node, The University
of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA 6160, Australia
| | - John C. Lindon
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of
Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ,
U.K.
| | - Toby Richards
- Department of Surgery, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Medical
School, University of Western Australia,Harry Perkins Building,
Murdoch, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Bu B. Yeap
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fiona
Stanley Hospital, Medical School, University of Western
Australia, Harry Perkins Building, Murdoch, Perth, WA 6150,
Australia
| | - Sven Pettersson
- Singapore National NeuroScience
Centre, Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232,
Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine.
Nanyang Technological University, Mandalay Road, Singapore
308232, Singapore
- Department of Life Science Centre,
Sunway University, Kuala Lumpur 47500,
Malaysia
| | | | | | - Nathan G. Lawler
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Center for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive,
Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Nicola Gray
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Center for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive,
Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Luke Whiley
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and
Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009,
Australia
| | - Jeremy K. Nicholson
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures
Institute, Murdoch University, Harry Perkins Building, 5 Robin
Warren Drive, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Center for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health
Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 5 Robin Warren Drive,
Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Institute of Global Health Innovation,
Imperial College London, Level 1, Faculty Building, South
Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Huang X, Chen X, Zhao S, Hou J, Huang L, Xu J, Wang W, He M, Shen O, Zhang J. Metabolomic Profiles of Shift Workers and Day Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:1074-1082. [PMID: 34029446 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to characterize the metabolomic profiles of shift workers and day workers and to discover the effect of shift work on workers' metabolic health. METHODS A total of 824 participants aged 25 to 55 years were recruited, and 485 (275 shift workers and 210 day workers) completed the study. The mean age of the shift workers was 37.32 (5.53) years old, and that of day workers was 36.50 (7.83) years old. Serum and salivary samples were collected for the detection of key biochemical indicators (melatonin, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and for metabolome profile analyses. RESULTS Compared with female day workers, female shift workers had a higher BMI, waist circumference, and hip circumference. Correspondingly, we identified 76 significant metabolites (false discovery rate < 0.05) in shift workers, including L-tryptophan, acylcarnitines, and several fatty acids. Three pathways that presented significant differences were biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid metabolism, and ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS Compared with day workers, shift workers were more prone to weight gain and central obesity and were at a higher risk for impaired lipid metabolism with disrupted circadian rhythms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Huang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyu Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaojiao Hou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengting He
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ouxi Shen
- Department of Occupational Health, Suzhou Industrial Park Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lau HX, El-Heis S, Yap QV, Chan YH, Tan CPT, Karnani N, Tan KML, Tham EH, Goh AEN, Teoh OH, Tan KH, Eriksson JG, Chong YS, Chong MFF, Van Bever H, Lee BW, Shek LP, Godfrey KM, Loo EXL. Role of maternal tryptophan metabolism in allergic diseases in the offspring. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:1346-1360. [PMID: 34033173 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinamide (vitamin B3) is a metabolite of tryptophan and dietary precursor of enzymes involved in many regulatory processes, which may influence fetal immune development. OBJECTIVE We examined whether maternal plasma concentrations of nicotinamide, tryptophan or nine related tryptophan metabolites during pregnancy were associated with the risk of development of infant eczema, wheeze, rhinitis or allergic sensitization. METHODS In the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) study, we analysed the associations between maternal plasma levels of nicotinamide, tryptophan and tryptophan metabolites at 26-28 weeks of gestation and allergic outcomes collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires at multiple time-points and skin prick testing to egg, milk, peanut and mites at age 18 months. Multivariate analysis was undertaken adjusting for all metabolites measured and separately adjusting for relevant demographic and environmental exposures. Analyses were also adjusted for multiple comparisons using the false discovery method. RESULTS Tryptophan metabolites were evaluated in 976/1247 (78%) women enrolled in GUSTO. In multivariate analysis including all metabolites, maternal plasma 3-hydrokynurenine was associated with increased allergic sensitization at 18 months (AdjRR 2.6, 95% CI 1.3-5.2 for highest quartile) but the association with nicotinamide was not significant (AdjRR 1.8, 95% CI 0.9-3.6). In analysis adjusting for other exposures, both 3-hydrokynurenine and nicotinamide were associated with increased allergic sensitization (AdjRR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.6 for both metabolites). High maternal plasma nicotinamide was associated with increased infant eczema diagnosis by 6 and 12 months, which was not significant when adjusting for all metabolites measured, but was significant when adjusting for relevant environmental and demographic exposures. Other metabolites measured were not associated with allergic sensitization or eczema, and maternal tryptophan metabolites were not associated with offspring rhinitis and wheeze. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Maternal tryptophan metabolism during pregnancy may influence the development of allergic sensitization and eczema in infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xing Lau
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Sarah El-Heis
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton, UK
| | - Qai Ven Yap
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Yiong Huak Chan
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Cheryl Pei Ting Tan
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Neerja Karnani
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Karen Mei Ling Tan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Elizabeth Huiwen Tham
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Anne Eng Neo Goh
- Allergy Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKWCH), Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Oon Hoe Teoh
- Respiratory Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKWCH), Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKWCH), Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Johan Gunnar Eriksson
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore City, Singapore.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Mary Foong-Fong Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Hugo Van Bever
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Bee Wah Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Lynette P Shek
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Evelyn Xiu Ling Loo
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zeleznik OA, Balasubramanian R, Zhao Y, Frueh L, Jeanfavre S, Avila-Pacheco J, Clish CB, Tworoger SS, Eliassen AH. Circulating amino acids and amino acid-related metabolites and risk of breast cancer among predominantly premenopausal women. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:54. [PMID: 34006878 PMCID: PMC8131633 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00262-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Known modifiable risk factors account for a small fraction of premenopausal breast cancers. We investigated associations between pre-diagnostic circulating amino acid and amino acid-related metabolites (N = 207) and risk of breast cancer among predominantly premenopausal women of the Nurses' Health Study II using conditional logistic regression (1057 cases, 1057 controls) and multivariable analyses evaluating all metabolites jointly. Eleven metabolites were associated with breast cancer risk (q-value < 0.2). Seven metabolites remained associated after adjustment for established risk factors (p-value < 0.05) and were selected by at least one multivariable modeling approach: higher levels of 2-aminohippuric acid, kynurenic acid, piperine (all three with q-value < 0.2), DMGV and phenylacetylglutamine were associated with lower breast cancer risk (e.g., piperine: ORadjusted (95%CI) = 0.84 (0.77-0.92)) while higher levels of creatine and C40:7 phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) plasmalogen were associated with increased breast cancer risk (e.g., C40:7 PE plasmalogen: ORadjusted (95%CI) = 1.11 (1.01-1.22)). Five amino acids and amino acid-related metabolites (2-aminohippuric acid, DMGV, kynurenic acid, phenylacetylglutamine, and piperine) were inversely associated, while one amino acid and a phospholipid (creatine and C40:7 PE plasmalogen) were positively associated with breast cancer risk among predominately premenopausal women, independent of established breast cancer risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oana A Zeleznik
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Raji Balasubramanian
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts - Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Yibai Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts - Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Lisa Frueh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Jeanfavre
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Julian Avila-Pacheco
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shelley S Tworoger
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Caballero FF, Struijk EA, Buño A, Vega-Cabello V, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Lopez-Garcia E. Plasma Amino Acids and Risk of Impaired Lower-Extremity Function and Role of Dietary Intake: A Nested Case-Control Study in Older Adults. Gerontology 2021; 68:181-191. [PMID: 33965943 DOI: 10.1159/000516028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amino acids are key elements in the regulation of the aging process which entails a progressive loss of muscle mass. The health effects of plasma amino acids can be influenced by dietary intake. This study assessed the prospective association between amino acid species and impaired lower-extremity function (ILEF) in older adults, exploring the role of diet on this association. METHODS This is a case-control design comprising 43 incident cases of ILEF and 85 age- and sex-matched controls. Plasma concentrations of 20 amino acid species were measured at baseline using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and incident cases of ILEF were measured after 2 years by means of the Short Physical Performance Battery. Conditional logistic regression models were used to assess longitudinal relationships. RESULTS After adjusting for potential confounders, higher levels of tryptophan were associated with a decreased 2-year risk of ILEF (OR per 1-SD increase = 0.64, 95% CI = [0.42, 0.97]), while glutamine and total essential amino acids were linked to higher ILEF risk (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = [1.01, 2.45]; OR = 1.89, 95% CI = [1.18, 3.03], respectively). Those with a lower adherence to a Mediterranean diet, a higher BMI, a higher consumption of red meat, and a lower consumption of nuts and legumes had an increased risk of ILEF associated with higher levels of essential amino acids. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Some amino acid species could serve as risk markers for physical function decline in older adults, and healthy diet might attenuate the excess risk of ILEF linked to essential amino acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Félix Caballero
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPaz and CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ellen A Struijk
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPaz and CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Buño
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Vega-Cabello
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPaz and CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPaz and CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Lopez-Garcia
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPaz and CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhang ZM, Chen MJ, Zou JF, Jiang S, Shang EX, Qian DW, Duan JA. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS based fecal metabolomics reveals the potential anti-diabetic effect of Xiexin Decoction on T2DM rats. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1173:122683. [PMID: 33857887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Xiexin Decoction (XXD), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription composed of Rhei rhizome (RR), Scutellaria radix (SR) and Coptidis rhizome (CR), has been used to cure diabetes in clinical practices for thousands of years, but its mechanism is not clear. Our previous study indicated that XXD could significantly ameliorate the symptom of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats by shifting the composition of gut microbiota. However, the effect of XXD on the metabolic activity of gut microbiota is not clarified. In this study, the underlying mechanism of XXD on the amelioration of T2DM was explored by fecal metabolic profiling analysis based on ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-fight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS). The disordered metabolic profiles in T2DM rats were notably improved by XXD. Ten potential biomarkers, which were mainly involved in arachidonic acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, bile acid metabolism, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, were identified. Furthermore, these metabolites were closely related to SCFAs-producing and anti-inflammatory gut microflora. After XXD intervention, these biomarkers restored to the normal level at some extent. This study not only revealed potential biomarkers and related pathways in T2DM rats affected by XXD, but also provided a novel insight to uncover how traditional herb medicines worked from fecal metabolomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Miao Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Meng-Jun Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jun-Feng Zou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Er-Xin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Da-Wei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Luna C, Arjona A, Dueñas C, Estevez M. Allysine and α-Aminoadipic Acid as Markers of the Glyco-Oxidative Damage to Human Serum Albumin under Pathological Glucose Concentrations. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:474. [PMID: 33802856 PMCID: PMC8002732 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular basis of the disease is of the utmost scientific interest as it contributes to the development of targeted strategies of prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Protein carbonylation is a typical feature of glyco-oxidative stress and takes place in health disorders such as diabetes. Allysine as well as its oxidation product, the α-amino adipic acid (α-AA) have been found to be markers of diabetes risk whereas little is known about the chemistry involved in its formation under hyperglycemic conditions. To provide insight into this issue, human serum albumin was incubated in the presence of FeCl3 (25 μM) and increasing glucose concentrations for 32 h at 37 °C. These concentrations were selected to simulate (i) physiological fasting plasma concentration (4 mM), (ii) pathological pre-diabetes fasting plasma concentration (8 mM), and pathological diabetes fasting plasma concentration (12 mM) of glucose. While both allysine and α-AA were found to increase with increasing glucose concentrations, the carboxylic acid was only detected at pathological glucose concentrations and appeared to be a more reliable indicator of glyco-oxidative stress. The underlying chemical mechanisms of lysine glycation as well as of the depletion of tryptophan and formation of fluorescent and colored advanced glycation products are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Luna
- Emergency unit, Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Montaña, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Gobierno de Extremadura, 10002 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Alexis Arjona
- Family and Community Medicine, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Gobierno de Extremadura, 10002 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Carmen Dueñas
- Gastroenterology unit, Hospital Universitario Cáceres, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Gobierno de Extremadura, 10002 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Mario Estevez
- Meat and Meat Products Research Institute (IPROCAR), Food Technology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Hu R, Xu W, Liu Y. Plasma Targeted Metabolomics Analysis for Amino Acids and Acylcarnitines in Patients with Prediabetes, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Diabetic Vascular Complications. Diabetes Metab J 2021; 45:195-208. [PMID: 33685035 PMCID: PMC8024149 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2019.0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that specific amino acids or acylcarnitines would have benefits for the differential diagnosis of diabetes. Thus, a targeted metabolomics for amino acids and acylcarnitines in patients with diabetes and its complications was carried out. METHODS A cohort of 54 normal individuals and 156 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or diabetic complications enrolled from the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University was studied. The subjects were divided into five main groups: normal individuals, impaired fasting glucose, overt diabetes, diabetic microvascular complications, and diabetic peripheral vascular disease. The technique of tandem mass spectrometry was applied to obtain the plasma metabolite profiles. Metabolomics multivariate statistics were applied for the metabolic data analysis and the differential metabolites determination. RESULTS A total of 10 cross-comparisons within diabetes and its complications were designed to explore the differential metabolites. The results demonstrated that eight comparisons existed and yielded significant metabolic differences. A total number of 24 differential metabolites were determined from six selected comparisons, including up-regulated amino acids, down-regulated medium-chain and long-chain acylcarnitines. Altered differential metabolites provided six panels of biomarkers, which were helpful in distinguishing diabetic patients. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that the biomarker panels consisted of specific amino acids and acylcarnitines which could reflect the metabolic variations among the different stages of diabetes and might be useful for the differential diagnosis of prediabetes, overt diabetes and diabetic complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yancheng Li
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions & College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yuanhao Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruixue Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenli Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
- Natural Products Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
- Corresponding author: Yufeng Liu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7972-8771 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Zheli Rd, Huanggu District, Shenyang 110036, China E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|