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Hartson KR, Della LJ, King KM, Liu S, Chatman JM, Rhodes RE. A Web-Based Intervention for Insufficiently Active College Students: Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy. West J Nurs Res 2024; 46:541-551. [PMID: 38767319 DOI: 10.1177/01939459241253218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One third of college students do not achieve aerobic activity levels recommended for physical and mental health. The web-based "I Can Be Active!" intervention was designed to help college students increase their physical activity. The intervention was grounded in the Multi-Process Action Control (M-PAC) framework which emphasizes translating intention into sustainable action. OBJECTIVE The primary purpose was to evaluate the feasibility of the intervention with insufficiently active young adult college students. The secondary purposes were to describe the preliminary effects of the intervention on: (1) the M-PAC constructs and (2) physical activity. METHODS Twenty-one college students, ages 18 to 24, were enrolled in the pre-post quasi-experimental study to test the 8-week intervention during Spring 2021. Data were collected via self-report questionnaires, web-analytics, and interviews. Feasibility outcomes included recruitment, retention, acceptability, practicality, and implementation. Preliminary efficacy outcomes were self-report M-PAC constructs and physical activity. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, t tests, Wilcoxon signed rank tests, Hedge's g, and thematic analysis. RESULTS Recruitment and retention rates were 70% and 71%, respectively. Participants reacted positively to the program, content, and features, except the manual entry step tracker and private social media group. Positive trends and significant increases were found in the regulatory and reflexive M-PAC constructs (self-regulation, habit, and identity) and physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the feasibility and preliminary effects of the intervention for insufficiently active college students and highlight implications for intervention refinement. Future research will test intervention effectiveness using a randomized controlled trial with a larger diverse sample of college students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lindsay J Della
- Department of Communication, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Kristi M King
- Department of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Sam Liu
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Jade M Chatman
- School of Nursing, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Ryan E Rhodes
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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Moufawad M, Hoque A, Kells M, Sonneville KR, Hahn SL. Social media use and weight bias internalization: association moderated by age and weight perception. J Eat Disord 2024; 12:84. [PMID: 38890765 PMCID: PMC11186141 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-024-01043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study examined whether weight perception or age moderated associations between time spent on image-based social media and weight bias internalization (WBI). METHODS Data come from the baseline visit of the Tracking Our Lives Study, a randomized control trial of college women (n = 200). Participants completed questionnaires assessing time spent on social media (continuous, overall and individual platforms Instagram, Facebook, and Snapchat), WBI (continuous), weight perception (perceive their weight as "overweight" vs. do not perceive their weight as "overweight"), age (continuous, 18-49 years), and confounders (race/ethnicity, parent education, sexual orientation, and BMI). Adjusted zero-inflated Poisson regressions were performed to determine if weight perception and age moderated associations between time spent on image-based social media and WBI. RESULTS As expected, we found a positive association between overall time spent on image-based social media and WBI (β = 0.826, p < 0.001). In moderation analyses, the strength of the association was weakened among women who perceived their weight as "overweight" (β=-0.018, p = 0.006). Associations also weakened with age (β=-0.001, p < 0.001). The association between time spent on Instagram and WBI was also weakened with age (β=-0.014, p = 0.018), which was the only significant moderation found for individual social media platforms. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that image-based social media use is more strongly associated with increases in WBI among younger women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Moufawad
- Central Michigan University College of Medicine, 600 East Preston St, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - Asef Hoque
- Central Michigan University College of Medicine, 600 East Preston St, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - Meredith Kells
- University of Rochester School of Nursing, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | | | - Samantha L Hahn
- Central Michigan University College of Medicine, 600 East Preston St, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA.
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Ibrahim K, Kahle EM, Christiani Y, Suryani S. Utilization of Social Media for the Prevention and Control of HIV/AIDS: A Scoping Review. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:2443-2458. [PMID: 38799010 PMCID: PMC11127661 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s465905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Social media has been used widely in public health for understanding health risks and intervening to improve health. However, the utilization of social media for HIV prevention and control interventions has not been clearly characterized. We conducted a scoping review on the utilization of social media for HIV prevention and control to identify gaps in the literature and highlight opportunities for future research and intervention. A comprehensive search of seven databases was performed: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Complete (EBSCO), PsycInfo (EBSCO), Scopus, and WOS (Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was used as a framework. A total of 790 articles were screened at the title and abstract level, and 78 were screened at the full-text level. Twenty-three articles met the eligibility criteria for review. We found that Facebook was still the most common social media service used to reach target populations. Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) individuals were the primary groups and were the most common targets of social media-based HIV prevention interventions. Outcomes of social media-based interventions, such as increased HIV testing, social networking and social support, condom use attitudes, behavioral skills, and research participation, were reported. Most social media-based interventions have emphasized HIV prevention, with fewer interventions focused on improving linkage to care and adherence to treatment among people living with HIV. Future studies may benefit from using social media for interventions to improve HIV-related outcomes in high-risk populations. This review highlights the potential and challenges of social media approaches for HIV/AIDS prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusman Ibrahim
- Postdoctoral Fellow, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, USA; Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Erin M Kahle
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Science, School of Nursing, and Center for Sexuality and Health Disparities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Suryani Suryani
- Department of Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
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John R, Mohd Salleh NA, Nik Farid ND. Utilization of Sexual Reproductive Health Services Among Youths in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study Applying Andersen's Behavioral Model of Healthcare Utilization. Cureus 2024; 16:e60230. [PMID: 38751405 PMCID: PMC11093695 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The sexual well-being of youths is crucial as it establishes the foundation for their sexual health throughout their lives. Malaysia's Ministry of Health (MOH) mainly delivers sexual reproductive health (SRH) services. Besides MOH, the National Population Family Development Board (NPFDB), under the purview of the Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development and Federation of Reproductive Health Association Malaysia, works closely with MOH to ensure the delivery of SRH information and services. Despite the availability of SRH services in Malaysia, it is uncertain whether youths are aware of and utilize these services. This study aims to identify factors that affect the utilization of SRH services among youths aged 18-24 years in Malaysia. Methodology This web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2022 to June 2022 using a self-administered pre-tested questionnaire. Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Service Utilization was used to identify the variables included in the survey. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine factors significantly associated with the utilization of SRH services. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) with a p-value <0.05 were considered to denote statistical significance. Results A total of 617 youths aged 18-24 years participated in the survey. Only 20.4% (n = 126) of youths had visited SRH services in their entire life, and only 8.4% (n = 52) of youths had visited SRH services in the past year. Predisposing factors such as age, marital status, exposure to SRH information from family and governmental agencies such as the NPFDB, enabling factors such as availability and comfort of SRH services, and need factors such as youths diagnosed with SRH-related diseases were significantly associated with SRH utilization. The older age group (20-24 years old) was more likely to utilize SRH services compared to the 18-19-year age group (AOR = 1.634, 95% CI = 1.041, 2.564, p = 0.033). Married participants were three times more likely to utilize SRH services than single participants (AOR = 2.910, 95% CI = 1.356, 6.249, p = 0.006). Participants who vaped had more odds of utilizing SRH services (AOR = 1.793, 95% CI = 1.014, 3.174, p = 0.045) The group of participants exposed to information on SRH from family had more odds of utilizing SRH service than those who did not receive information on SRH from the family (AOR = 1.964, 95% CI = 1.229, 3.138, p = 0.005). Likewise, participants who received SRH information from governmental agencies were more likely to utilize SRH services (AOR = 1.929, 95% CI = 1.202, 3.095, p = 0.006). Enabling factors that were associated with SRH utilization were the availability of services, described as self-buying medicine in pharmacies (AOR = 1.830, 95% CI = 1.184, 2.855, p = 0.007), and the comfortability of services (AOR = 1.928, 95% CI = 1.250, 2.974, p = 0.003). Youths who were diagnosed with SRH diseases (need factor) were four times more likely to utilize SRH services (AOR = 4.490, 95% CI = 1.935, 10.410, p < 0.001). Conclusions There is generally poor SRH service utilization and awareness among youths in Malaysia, which could be improved. The findings of this study can be used to influence SRH providers to offer a more age-targeted awareness program to meet the various SRH needs of youths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowena John
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Nur Afiqah Mohd Salleh
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Nik Daliana Nik Farid
- Centre for Population Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
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Ordaya-Gonzales K, Cortez Restuccia JC, Cossio Bolaños WJ, Arriola-Montenegro J. From Crisis to Connectivity: Exploring the Role of Information and Communication Technologies in Medical Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Cureus 2024; 16:e60302. [PMID: 38872646 PMCID: PMC11175845 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In a virtual setting at a private university in Lima, Peru, 277 medical students participated in a study in 2021 during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate how information and communication technologies (ICTs) were utilized as educational aids in their field. RESULTS The findings showed a high level of satisfaction with ICT resources, especially among female students (54%). However, challenges were present: 64% faced technical issues during virtual classes, while 60% saw information availability and internet access as major advantages. Despite connectivity problems affecting 83% of students, 55% believed ICTs supported collaborative learning. Interestingly, while 64% found ICT use distracting, 52% found it easy to use. CONCLUSION ICTs played a significant role in medical education, introducing new methods and tools despite obstacles and providing a dynamic and adaptable e-learning environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wilbert Juvenal Cossio Bolaños
- Department of Stomatology, Escuela Profesional de Estomatologia, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, PER
- Department of Stomatology, Centro Medico Naval, Lima, PER
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Orfin RH, Uceda V, Gardner C, Estrada B, Tamayo E, Hernández-Torres R, Li D, Rahman I, McIntosh S, Ossip DJ, Cupertino AP, Cartujano-Barrera F. Recruiting Latino young adults into a vaping cessation study via social media: Feasibility and cost analysis. Tob Prev Cessat 2024; 10:TPC-10-16. [PMID: 38596182 PMCID: PMC11002960 DOI: 10.18332/tpc/186146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to assess the feasibility and cost of recruiting young Latino adults (aged 18-25 years) to participate in a vaping cessation study via social media and to describe the baseline characteristics of participants enrolled via social media. METHODS Paid advertisements were launched using the Meta Ads platform, which serves ads to users on Facebook and Instagram. Key measures of audience targeting included ages 18-25 years, all genders, and the following interests: 'electronic cigarettes', 'vape', 'Latin pop', and 'Latin music'. The advertisements invited young Latino adults to join a text messaging vaping cessation study. By clicking on the advertisements, interested individuals were directed to a website to fill in a contact form. The study team contacted individuals who filled in the form, assessed them for study eligibility, and, if eligible, enrolled them in the study. RESULTS A total of 164 individuals completed the contact form, and 26 were successfully enrolled in the study. The enrollment efficiency ratio was 15.9% (26/164). The cost per enrollment was US$94.14. The participants' mean age was 22.7 years (SD=1.6). Half of the participants (50%) were male, 38.5% were female, and 11.5% were gender non-conforming/non-binary. Two-thirds of the participants (69.2%) were born in the US, 23.1% in Puerto Rico, and 7.7% in Mexico. Eight participants (30.7%) selected Spanish as their language of preference. In terms of the type of vaping device, 16 participants (61.5%) indicated using disposables, 6 (23.1%) cartridges/pods, and 4 (15.4%) tanks/refillable. Sixteen participants (61.5%) reported using marijuana in e-cigarettes. Six participants (23.1%) had high e-cigarette dependence. Twenty participants (76.9%) had attempted to quit e-cigarettes in the past year. CONCLUSIONS It is feasible to recruit young Latino adults for a vaping cessation study via social media. Social media offers a relatively low-cost approach to recruiting a diverse sample of Latino young adults who vape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael H. Orfin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, United States
| | - Victoria Uceda
- School of Medicine, St. George's University, United States
| | - Cody Gardner
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, United States
| | | | | | | | - Dongmei Li
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, United States
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, United States
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, United States
| | - Scott McIntosh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, United States
| | - Deborah J. Ossip
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, United States
| | - Ana Paula Cupertino
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, United States
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, United States
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Shannon H, Bush K, Shvetz C, Paquin V, Morency J, Hellemans KGC, Guimond S. Longitudinal Problematic Social Media Use in Students and Its Association with Negative Mental Health Outcomes. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:1551-1560. [PMID: 38617579 PMCID: PMC11011643 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s450217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Social media has become increasingly part of our everyday lives and is influential in shaping the habits, sociability, and mental health of individuals, particularly among students. This study aimed to examine the relationship between changes over time in problematic social media use and mental health outcomes in students. We also investigated whether resilience and loneliness moderated the relationship between social media use and mental health. Patients and Methods A total of 103 participants completed a baseline virtual study visit, and 78 participants completed a follow-up visit, 4-weeks later. Participants completed a comprehensive set of questionnaires measuring symptoms of depression and anxiety, perceived stress, loneliness, and resilience. Results Our results showed that problematic social media use at baseline was significantly negatively correlated with resilience and positively correlated with all other mental health outcomes. Furthermore, increases in problematic social media use were significantly associated with increased depressive symptoms and loneliness between visits. Resilience significantly moderated the relationship between increased problematic social media use and heightened perceived stress. Poor mental health at baseline did not predict increased problematic social media use over time. Contrarily to problematic use, frequency of social media use was not significantly correlated with any mental health measures at baseline. Conclusion This study offers a longitudinal perspective, providing valuable insights into the potential protective role of resilience against the detrimental mental health effects seen with increases in problematic social media use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Shannon
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Katie Bush
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Cecelia Shvetz
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Vincent Paquin
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Juliette Morency
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Département de Psychoéducation et Psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
| | | | - Synthia Guimond
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Département de Psychoéducation et Psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Pitiruţ IB, Swami V, Poamă-Neagră T, Enea V. Appearance-based rejection sensitivity mediates the relationship between Instagram addiction and dysmorphic concerns in young adult women. Scand J Psychol 2024; 65:275-283. [PMID: 37867295 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dysmorphic concerns refer to excessive preoccupations with one's physical characteristics. There is a need to better understand the factors associated with these experiences, especially in young adult women. Given emergent research suggesting a link between the use of Instagram, dysmorphic concerns, and appearance pressures, we tested a mediation model in which appearance-based rejection sensitivity mediated the relationship between Instagram addiction and dysmorphic concerns. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 300 young adult women from Romania with mean age of 22.19 years (SD = 2.07) and who possessed an Instagram account were asked to complete an online survey consisting of measures of dysmorphic concerns, Instagram addiction, and appearance-based rejection sensitivity. RESULTS Correlational analyses revealed that all three variables were positively and moderately inter-correlated. Mediation analysis supported the hypothesis that appearance-based rejection sensitivity mediates the relationship between Instagram addiction and dysmorphic concerns. CONCLUSIONS Implications of this study are discussed in terms of the urgency of prevention and intervention strategies, especially given the link between dysmorphic concerns and more extreme manifestations of severity, such as body dysmorphic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
- Center for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Violeta Enea
- Department of Psychology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iaşi, Romania
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Polillo A, Cleverley K, Wiljer D, Mishna F, Voineskos AN. Digital Disconnection: A Qualitative Study of Youth and Young Adult Perspectives on Cyberbullying and the Adoption of Auto-Detection or Software Tools. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:837-846. [PMID: 38206225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.11.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to understand the needs of youth and young adults, current gaps around safeguarding social media, and factors affecting adoption of data-driven auto-detection or software tools. METHODS This qualitative study is the first step of a larger initiative that aims to use participatory action research and co-design principles to develop a digital tool that targets cyberbullying. Youth and young adults aged 16-21 years were recruited to participate in semistructured focus groups between March 2020 and November 2021. Thematic analysis was used to develop themes, with a member-checking process to validate the findings. RESULTS Six focus groups were completed with 39 participants and five themes were generated from the analysis. Participants described the mental health impacts of cyberbullying on young people, the stigma associated with it, and the need for more mental health resources. They felt that additional efforts are needed to improve the school environment, school-based interventions, and training protocols to ensure that youth feel safe reporting cyberbullying. Most participants were open to using a digital solution but raised concerns around the trustworthiness of artificial intelligence and wanted it to be co-designed with young people, integrated across platforms, informed by data-driven decisions, and transparent with users. DISCUSSION Youth and young adults are accepting of a low-risk digital cyberbullying solution as current interventions are not meeting their needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Polillo
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristin Cleverley
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Lawrence Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Wiljer
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Lawrence Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; UHN Digital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Faye Mishna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aristotle N Voineskos
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Tadros E, Morgan AA, Durante KA. Criticism, Compassion, and Conspiracy Theories: A Thematic Analysis of What Twitter Users Are Saying About COVID-19 in Correctional Settings. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2024; 68:370-388. [PMID: 35703315 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x221102847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We examined Twitter data using thematic analysis to understand public perceptions of the impact of COVID-19 on incarcerated people and reactions to including incarcerated populations in the early phases of the vaccine rollout. Our findings from n = 513 Tweets yielded six themes: Twitter as usual, Advocacy, Deserve to suffer, Vaccine priority debate, Inadequate response, and Misinformation. Stigma-laden statements cut across themes, highlighting the role pathologizing beliefs play in forming opinions about incarcerated people in public health crises. Trust of government response and buy-in to public health communication are positively associated with adherence to guidelines. Although public health decisions are derived from logic and research, our findings indicate that public perception may be driven by personal morals and stigma associated with justice-involved individuals. We recommend that attention be turned toward effective policy messaging, and use of social media, to increase trust and decrease stigma that tends to dominate societal perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Tadros
- Governors State University, University Park, IL, USA
| | - Amy A Morgan
- University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, USA
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Duggal R, Mehrabi S, Bryson PC, Bowe SN. Trends in Twitter Utilization Among Academic Otolaryngologists. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:1190-1196. [PMID: 37526319 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize Twitter utilization among academic otolaryngologists and evaluate the relationship between Twitter utilization and research productivity. METHODS Data were collected manually from accredited US otolaryngology residency programs from July-November 2021. Program and faculty demographics were documented, including citations and H-index for faculty and Doximity reputation and US News and World Report ranking for programs. Twitter metrics were also recorded. Descriptive analyses and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of Twitter utilization. RESULTS Currently, 333 (16%) faculty and 70 (62%) programs have a Twitter account. Of these, 36 (11%) and 27 (39%), respectively, were created in 2020. The regression model indicates that for each 5 unit increase in H-index, the odds of having a Twitter account increase 22% (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.10-1.34, p = 0.0009). The number of faculty with a Twitter account predicts the existence of program Twitter accounts (OR:1.49, 95% CI 1.01-2.19, p = 0.04). Finally, of the 323 faculty with a Twitter account and available Scopus profile, we found that the number of individuals with Twitter use out of proportion to their academic productivity was low (n = 8/323). CONCLUSION The H-index is a significant predictor of faculty Twitter accounts, whereas the number of faculty with Twitter is a significant predictor of program Twitter utilization. Although Twitter utilization is increasing, especially during the coronavirus pandemic, the findings indicate that there is ample room for growth, particularly amongst faculty with strong academic portfolios. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 134:1190-1196, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Duggal
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Shadi Mehrabi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Paul C Bryson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sarah N Bowe
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, JBSA-Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
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Liu J, Charmaraman L, Bickham D. Association Between Social Media Use and Substance Use Among Middle and High School-Aged Youth. Subst Use Misuse 2024; 59:1039-1046. [PMID: 38419151 PMCID: PMC11062178 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2320372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of our study was to identify whether different aspects of social media use were associated with substance use among middle- and high school-aged youth. Methods: Participants were recruited from four Northeast U.S. middle schools and invited to complete an online survey in Fall 2019 and Fall 2020. We conducted separate adjusted logistic mixed effects models the substance use outcomes: ever use of alcohol, cannabis, e-cigarettes, tobacco cigarettes, prescription drugs, and multiple substances. Our sample included N = 586 participants (52.7% female, 58% White). Results: Seeing a social media post about drugs/alcohol in the past-12-months was significantly associated with higher odds of ever using alcohol, cannabis, e-cigarettes, and multiple substance use. Total number of social media sites ever used was significantly associated with higher odds of ever using cannabis, cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and multiple substances. Checking social media every hour or more was significantly associated with higher odds of ever using alcohol. Higher problematic internet use score was significantly associated with higher odds of ever using cannabis, e-cigarettes, and multiple substances. Online social support seeking score was not associated substance use. Conclusions: Our findings support the need for substance use prevention and social media literacy education and screening to begin early, ideally in elementary school before youth are using social media and substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Liu
- REACH Lab Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University
| | - Linda Charmaraman
- Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, Youth, Media, & Wellbeing Research Lab
| | - David Bickham
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine
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Xu K, Liang C, Zhao Y, Zhang F, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Jiang Z. Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Scale of Effects of Social Media on Eating Behaviour and research of its influencing factors. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:508. [PMID: 38368327 PMCID: PMC10874064 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media has become an indispensable part of contemporary young people's lives, and the influence of social media on college students' eating and other health-related behaviors has become increasingly prominent. However, there is no assessment tool to determine the effects of social media on Chinese college students' eating behavior. This study aims to translate the Scale of Effects of Social Media on Eating Behaviour (SESMEB) into Chinese. Its applicability to Chinese college students was examined through reliability and validity indexes, and the influencing factors of SESMEB were explored. METHODS The questionnaire survey included 2374 Chinese college students. The Brislin translation model was used to translate the original scale into Chinese. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to test the construct validity of the scale, and the content validity of the scale was assessed through the content validity index. The internal consistency of the scale was assessed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient, McDonald's Omega coefficient, split-half reliability, and test-retest reliability. Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis was performed to identify potential influences on the effects of social media on eating behavior. RESULTS EFA supported the one-factor structure, and the factor loadings of each item on this dimension were higher than 0.40. CFA showed good model fitness indexes. The content validity index of the scale was 0.94. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient and McDonald's Omega coefficient for the scale were 0.964, the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.953, and the test-retest reliability was 0.849. Gender, education, major, frequency of social media use, online sexual objectification experiences, fear of negative evaluations, and physical appearance perfectionism explained 73.8% of the variance in the effects of social media on eating behavior. CONCLUSIONS The Chinese version of the SESMEB has good psychometric properties and is a valid measurement tool for assessing the effects of social media on college students' eating behavior. Subjects who were female, highly educated, non-medical, had frequent social media use, online sexual objectification experiences, fear of negative evaluations, and physical appearance perfectionism used social media to have a higher impact on eating behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyan Xu
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou, 121001, P.R. China
| | - Chunguang Liang
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou, 121001, P.R. China.
| | - Ying Zhao
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou, 121001, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou, 121001, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou, 121001, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Shenyang Jianzhu University Hospital, No. 25, Hunnan Middle Road, Hunnan District, Shenyang, 110168, P.R. China
| | - Yefan Zhang
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou, 121001, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoquan Jiang
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou, 121001, P.R. China
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Hoe CYW, Ahmad B, Watterson J. The use of videos for diabetes patient education: A systematic review. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2024; 40:e3722. [PMID: 37690072 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes prevalence is rising worldwide, calling for public health concerns and interventions to improve prevention and management. Self-care is an important component in reducing the incidence of complications from diabetes, but it must be taught. This systematic review aims to synthesise the evidence for education videos for people with diabetes. Electronic databases, including Ovid (Medline, Embase, EmCare), PsychInfo, CINAHL, Web of Science and Scopus, were searched for studies on educational videos for patients with diabetes that met the inclusion criteria. A total of 36 studies met the inclusion criteria. Data extracted were synthesised through narrative synthesis. Studies examined outcomes including biological (i.e., glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), weight, BMI), non-biological (health literacy, self-efficacy) and subjective feedback (i.e., acceptability, cultural appropriateness). The most common length of video was ≤10 min. Online dissemination was the most common method of video distribution. A statistically significant decrease (ranging from -0.1% to -2.1%) in HbA1C was noted in 7 of 12 studies examining this outcome. Other studies also found evidence of improvement in health literacy, self-efficacy, physical activity, medication adherence and other outcomes. Feedback from participants was generally positive, and emphasis was placed on the need for cultural appropriateness and representation in the educational videos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosette Yoon Wey Hoe
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Badariah Ahmad
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jessica Watterson
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Action Lab, Department of Human-Centred Computing, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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15
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Maurya C, Dhillon P, Sharma H, Kumar P. Bidirectional and cross-lag relationship between social media use and psychological wellbeing: evidence from an Indian adolescent cohort study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:303. [PMID: 38279148 PMCID: PMC10811814 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17276-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In an online era like today, the relationship between social media and depression among adolescents and young adults is erratic and still continues to be a debatable subject. The study aims to examine the association and bi-directional relationship between social media usage and depressive symptoms among the adolescent boys and girls in India. METHODS The study uses data from two waves of Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA) project survey conducted in two Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Depression was measured by a Patient Health Questionnaire. Logistic regression has been used for analyzing the data comprising the same time period, whereas the bidirectional relationship between two time periods has been evaluated by Cross-Lagged Path Model. RESULT Findings suggest that the percentage of moderate depressive symptoms increased from 1.7% to 3.0% from Wave 1 to Wave 2. Depression among adolescent girls increased slightly from wave 1 to wave 2 whereas a slight decrement was noticed in the moderate form of depressive symptom among adolescent girls using social media for the two waves. Socioeconomic factors like education, age, gender played an important role in affecting depression among adolescents in both the Wave of the survey. The path relationship reveals that social media users in Wave 1 [β=0.22, p<0.001] were positively associated with social media users in Wave 2. Similar patterns were observed for depressive symptoms at both the waves of the survey. However, cross lagged relations between social media use and depression could not be established between the survey periods. CONCLUSION A significant degree of association was found between social media use and depression among adolescent boys and girls in the study. The present study concludes that factors like age, gender and education showed significant relationships with social media use and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanda Maurya
- Department of survey research and data analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Mumbai, 400088, India.
| | - Preeti Dhillon
- Department of survey research and data analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Mumbai, 400088, India
| | - Himani Sharma
- Department of survey research and data analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Mumbai, 400088, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Govandi Station Road, Mumbai, 400088, India
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16
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Sawant NS, More SR, Singh SD, Agrawal AS, Chauhan A. Eating behaviours, social media usage, and its association: A cross-sectional study in Indian medical undergraduates. Ind Psychiatry J 2024; 33:127-132. [PMID: 38853814 PMCID: PMC11155659 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_298_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite increasing incidence, there is little data on abnormal eating behaviours or disorders in Indian youth, especially medical students. Additionally, little literature exists measuring the association of social media use with abnormal eating behaviours. Aim To assess the prevalence of abnormal eating behaviours amongst medical students, social media usage, and any association of social media usage with eating behaviours. Materials and Methods An online cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted with 272 participants at a medical college, and two scales: the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 21items (TFEQ-R21) and the Scale of Effects of social media on Eating Behaviour (SESMEB) were used. Results 22% of the participants reported abnormal eating behaviours. A significant difference in the effect of social media on eating behaviour according to the year of study [f = 3.08, P = 0.02] was seen with the final years having the lowest and the first years having the highest SESMEB scores. Students using more than 4 social media platforms had a higher SESMEB score [t = -2.02, P < 0.04]. A positive correlation was seen between TFEQ domains such as uncontrolled eating [r = 0.38, P = 0.01], emotional eating [r = 0.30, P = 0.01], and TFEQ total score [r = 0.40, P = 0.01] with SESMEB scores. Conclusion This study finds a significant correlation between increased social media usage and developing abnormal eating behaviours in medical students. It highlights the need for the creation of policies regulating social media use with eating behaviours in mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neena Sanjiv Sawant
- Departments of Psychiatry, Seth GSMC and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shermeen Rajesh More
- Medical Undergraduates, Seth GSMC and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Ansh Sanjay Agrawal
- Medical Undergraduates, Seth GSMC and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ananya Chauhan
- Medical Undergraduates, Seth GSMC and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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17
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Yang AZ, Bustos VP, Manstein SM, Comer CD, Foster L, Sarac BA, Janis JE, Lin SJ. Having Social Media among Integrated Plastic Surgery Applicants: Is It Needed to Match? PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2023; 11:e5394. [PMID: 38025606 PMCID: PMC10681440 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Little information exists on the perceptions of integrated plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS) residency applicants on the need for having social media (SoMe) during the application process. Methods A cross-sectional survey study was conducted during the 2022 match cycle to assess integrated PRS residency applicants' perceptions on the role of SoMe during the match. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on variables of interest. Qualitative analysis was conducted on free-form responses. Results Seventy-nine surveys were completed (response rate: 24%). The majority of respondents were educated in the United States (92%). Instagram was the most commonly used SoMe platform (92%). Of those surveyed, 18% thought that SoMe was beneficial to the application process. Twenty-nine percent of respondents agreed that a SoMe presence increases one's chances of matching into PRS residency (41% disagreed and 30% responded neutrally). Forty-four percent endorsed stress about maintaining a SoMe presence in PRS. Having mentors who recommended maintaining a SoMe presence was associated with the belief that SoMe increases one's chances of matching [odds ratio (OR) 8.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-40.4, P = 0.011] and stress about maintaining a SoMe presence (OR 6.3, 95% CI 1.2-33.3, P = 0.030). Applicants who did research years had lower odds of experiencing stress (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.04-0.70, P = 0.015). Conclusions The growing role of SoMe in the residency selection process may be exacerbating applicants' stress and anxiety. PRS programs may consider establishing clear policies for how SoMe will be used in evaluating candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Z. Yang
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Valeria P. Bustos
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Samuel M. Manstein
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Carly D. Comer
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Lacey Foster
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Benjamin A. Sarac
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey E. Janis
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Samuel J. Lin
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
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18
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Faghani N, Moghadasin M. Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Social Anxiety Scale for Social Media Users (SAS-SMU). IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2023; 18:406-419. [PMID: 37881415 PMCID: PMC10593990 DOI: 10.18502/ijps.v18i4.13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Social anxiety refers to an excessive concern or fear about social situations. It seems that social media, which has become one of the most popular and effective tools for communication today, can be one of the contexts of social anxiety. Due to the lack of a Persian instrument to assess social anxiety in the context of social networks, the current study was undertaken to analyze the psychometric criteria of the Iranian version of the Social Anxiety Scale for Social Media Users (SAS-SMU). The SAS-SMU is a 21-item questionnaire designed by Alkis and colleagues (2017) to measure social anxiety emerging from the social media platforms. Method : In this study, a total of 842 participants within the age range of 11 to 82 years old (mean age 33.11 ± 12.134), 59% female) answered the questions in an online survey. The original version of the scale was translated into Persian using the back translation procedure. All participants completed a Demographic Questionnaire, the SAS-SMU, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. In order to analyze the collected data, internal and external consistency, factor analysis, construct validity, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were examined. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered to determine statistical significance. Results: Four subscales were obtained from the exploratory factor analysis (SCA, PCA, IA, and SEA), which were confirmed by the confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency was found to be 0.931 for the total scale and 0.920, 0.846, 0.901, 0.828 for SCA, PCA, IA, and SEA, respectively. In addition, the test-retest scores of 30 participants (interval: between 2 to 3 weeks) for all four subscales (SCA = 0.641, PCA = 0.773, IA = 0.688, SEA = 0.727) indicated acceptable stability of the questionnaire over time. Conclusion: This study validates the Persian version of the SAS-SMU for use in studies in the field of psychological problems related to social media and online communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Faghani
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Moghadasin
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
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Carter M, Manworren RC, Stinson JN. Commentary: Pediatric Pain Measurement, Assessment, and Evaluation. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2023; 47:101074. [PMID: 37919028 DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2023.101074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
PEDIATRIC PAIN MEASUREMENT, ASSESSMENT, AND EVALUATION Renee C.B. Manworren, Jennifer Stinson Seminars in Pediatric Neurology Volume 23, Issue 3, August 2016, Pages 189-200 Assessment provides the foundation for diagnosis, selection of treatments, and evaluation of treatment effectiveness for pediatric patients with acute, recurrent, and chronic pain. Extensive research has resulted in the availability of a number of valid, reliable, and recommended tools for assessing children's pain. Yet, evidence suggests children's pain is still not optimally measured or treated. In this article, we provide an overview of pain evaluation for premature neonates to adolescents. The difference between pain assessment and measurement is highlighted; and the key steps to follow are identified. Information about self report and behavioral pain assessment tools appropriate for children are provided; and fac tors to be considered when choosing a specific 1 are outlined. Finally, we preview future approaches to personalized pain medicine in pediatrics that include harnessing the use of potential digital health technologies and genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Carter
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Renee Cb Manworren
- Nursing Research & Professional Practice, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX.
| | - Jennifer N Stinson
- Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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20
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Hair EC, Kreslake JM, Tulsiani S, McKay T, Vallone D. Reducing e-cigarette use among youth and young adults: evidence of the truth campaign's impact. Tob Control 2023:tc-2023-057992. [PMID: 37553244 DOI: 10.1136/tc-2023-057992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mass media campaigns have been shown to be effective in reducing cigarette use. However, evidence is limited for whether campaigns can shift e-cigarette use among youth and young adults (YYA). To assess the impact of the truth anti-e-cigarette campaign, which focused on the effects of vaping on mental health, this study examines the relationship between campaign awareness and e-cigarette behaviour among YYA. METHODS Data from weekly cross-sectional surveys of YYA aged 15-24 years from September 2021 to October 2022 were used for multilevel models assessing how weekly campaign awareness is related to intentions to use e-cigarettes and current e-cigarette use (past 30 days). Weekly campaign awareness was calculated by averaging individual-level awareness for each week. Control variables included individual-level campaign awareness, sociodemographics, perceived financial situation, parental smoking, sensation seeking, and mental health. RESULTS Weekly campaign awareness ranged from 50% to 78%, with most weeks (77%) being within 65% and 75% of weekly campaign awareness. At weekly awareness levels between 65% and 75%, there was a significant association with lower intentions to use e-cigarettes. A dose-response relationship was observed for current use: compared with weeks with lower (<65%) awareness, weeks with awareness of 65-70% had 14% lower odds of current use, weeks with 70-75% awareness had 16% lower odds and weeks with >75% weekly awareness had 18% lower odds (p=0.018, p=0.009 and p=0.007, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Findings from this analysis of weekly campaign awareness demonstrate that exposure to the truth anti-e-cigarette campaign is associated with significantly lower odds of intentions to use and current use of e-cigarette among YYA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Hair
- Schroeder Institute, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Global Institute of Public Health, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer M Kreslake
- Schroeder Institute, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Tatum McKay
- Schroeder Institute, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Donna Vallone
- Schroeder Institute, Truth Initiative, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Global Institute of Public Health, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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21
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Balanji S, White C, Zaitsoff S. 'Fake' Instagram use is associated with real differences in users' self-photo activities: An exploratory investigation considering body satisfaction. Eat Behav 2023; 50:101777. [PMID: 37418804 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Creating private spaces on social media (SM) for authentic self-presentation has rapidly gained popularity amongst young people. This pattern of use is particularly prevalent on Instagram in women under 25 as these users often report creating a second, low stakes account for authentic self-presentation, commonly referred to as a Finsta (a portmanteau of 'Fake' and 'Instagram'). Previous research has associated Instagram use with body dissatisfaction in young women, but it remains unclear whether this association is applicable when considering different patterns of use. METHOD The present study investigates the association between self-photo activities (i.e., photo selection, investment, and manipulation) and body satisfaction in a sample of undergraduate female Instagram users (N = 224) with (n = 112) and without (n = 112) a Finsta. RESULTS A series of analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) controlling for minutes on Instagram and age revealed that, when comparing their Finsta to their own main account and to the main account of users without a Finsta, Finsta users reported taking fewer photos of themselves, engaging in less photo editing, and feeling less invested in their posts. Furthermore, body satisfaction was differentially associated with self-photo activities in Finsta users and non-users. Specifically, body satisfaction was negatively associated with photo selection, investment, and editing in users without a Finsta only. CONCLUSION Finsta users do not show the same associations between body satisfaction and self-photo activities as Instagram users without a Finsta. The implications of these results, limitations of the present study, and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherene Balanji
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, V5A 1S6
| | - Chloe White
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, V5A 1S6
| | - Shannon Zaitsoff
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, V5A 1S6.
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Perry MF. Confidential Telehealth Care for Adolescents: Challenges and Solutions Identified During the COVID-19 Pandemic. CURRENT PEDIATRICS REPORTS 2023; 11:1-8. [PMID: 37363323 PMCID: PMC10258077 DOI: 10.1007/s40124-023-00288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of review To identify lessons learned about maintaining confidentiality for adolescent telehealth care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent findings Adolescents, parents, and providers recognize benefits of telehealth for confidential care while also identifying potential risks for confidentiality breach unique to the telehealth care setting. Summary Rapid implementation of telehealth care during COVID-19 presented an opportunity to test strategies that protect confidentiality for adolescents accessing care through telehealth. Policy, practice, and provider-level interventions are needed to ensure that adolescents can access confidential care through telehealth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha F. Perry
- Department of Pediatrics, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC USA
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23
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Asfar T, Livingstone-Banks J, Ward KD, Eissenberg T, Oluwole O, Bursac Z, Ghaddar T, Maziak W. Interventions for waterpipe smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 6:CD005549. [PMID: 37286509 PMCID: PMC10245833 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd005549.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While cigarette smoking has declined globally, waterpipe smoking is rising, especially among youth. The impact of this rise is amplified by mounting evidence of its addictive and harmful nature. Waterpipe smoking is influenced by multiple factors, including appealing flavors, marketing, use in social settings, and misperceptions that waterpipe is less harmful or addictive than cigarettes. People who use waterpipes are interested in quitting, but are often unsuccessful at doing so on their own. Therefore, developing and testing waterpipe cessation interventions to help people quit was identified as a priority for global tobacco control efforts. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of tobacco cessation interventions for people who smoke waterpipes. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Review Group Specialized Register from database inception to 29 July 2022, using variant terms and spellings ('waterpipe' or 'narghile' or 'arghile' or 'shisha' or 'goza' or 'narkeela' or 'hookah' or 'hubble bubble'). We searched for trials, published or unpublished, in any language. SELECTION CRITERIA We sought randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-RCTs, or cluster-RCTs of any smoking cessation interventions for people who use waterpipes, of any age or gender. In order to be included, studies had to measure waterpipe abstinence at a three-month follow-up or longer. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcome was abstinence from waterpipe use at least three months after baseline. We also collected data on adverse events. Individual study effects and pooled effects were summarized as risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), using Mantel-Haenszel random-effects models to combine studies, where appropriate. We assessed statistical heterogeneity with the I2 statistic. We summarized secondary outcomes narratively. We used the five GRADE considerations (risk of bias, inconsistency of effect, imprecision, indirectness, and publication bias) to assess the certainty of the body of evidence for our primary outcome in four categories high, moderate, low, or very low. MAIN RESULTS This review included nine studies, involving 2841 participants. All studies were conducted in adults, and were carried out in Iran, Vietnam, Syria, Lebanon, Egypt, Pakistan, and the USA. Studies were conducted in several settings, including colleges/universities, community healthcare centers, tuberculosis hospitals, and cancer treatment centers, while two studies tested e-health interventions (online web-based educational intervention, text message intervention). Overall, we judged three studies to be at low risk of bias, and six studies at high risk of bias. We pooled data from five studies (1030 participants) that tested intensive face-to-face behavioral interventions compared with brief behavioral intervention (e.g. one behavioral counseling session), usual care (e.g. self-help materials), or no intervention. In our meta-analysis, we included people who used waterpipe exclusively, or with another form of tobacco. Overall, we found low-certainty evidence of a benefit of behavioral support for waterpipe abstinence (RR 3.19 95% CI 2.17 to 4.69; I2 = 41%; 5 studies, N = 1030). We downgraded the evidence because of imprecision and risk of bias. We pooled data from two studies (N = 662 participants) that tested varenicline combined with behavioral intervention compared with placebo combined with behavioral intervention. Although the point estimate favored varenicline, 95% CIs were imprecise, and incorporated the potential for no difference and lower quit rates in the varenicline groups, as well as a benefit as large as that found in cigarette smoking cessation (RR 1.24, 95% CI 0.69 to 2.24; I2 = 0%; 2 studies, N = 662; low-certainty evidence). We downgraded the evidence because of imprecision. We found no clear evidence of a difference in the number of participants experiencing adverse events (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.44; I2 = 31%; 2 studies, N = 662). The studies did not report serious adverse events. One study tested the efficacy of seven weeks of bupropion therapy combined with behavioral intervention. There was no clear evidence of benefit for waterpipe cessation when compared with behavioral support alone (RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.42 to 1.41; 1 study, N = 121; very low-certainty evidence), or with self-help (RR 1.94, 95% CI 0.94 to 4.00; 1 study, N = 86; very low-certainty evidence). Two studies tested e-health interventions. One study reported higher waterpipe quit rates among participants randomized to either a tailored mobile phone or untailored mobile phone intervention compared with those randomized to no intervention (RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.05; 2 studies, N = 319; very low-certainty evidence). Another study reported higher waterpipe abstinence rates following an intensive online educational intervention compared with a brief online educational intervention (RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.08 to 3.21; 1 study, N = 70; very low-certainty evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: We found low-certainty evidence that behavioral waterpipe cessation interventions can increase waterpipe quit rates among waterpipe smokers. We found insufficient evidence to assess whether varenicline or bupropion increased waterpipe abstinence; available evidence is compatible with effect sizes similar to those seen for cigarette smoking cessation. Given e-health interventions' potential reach and effectiveness for waterpipe cessation, trials with large samples and long follow-up periods are needed. Future studies should use biochemical validation of abstinence to prevent the risk of detection bias. Finally, there has been limited attention given to high-risk groups for waterpipe smoking, such as youth, young adults, pregnant women, and dual or poly tobacco users. These groups would benefit from targeted studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taghrid Asfar
- Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Aleppo, Syrian Arab Republic
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Kenneth D Ward
- Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Aleppo, Syrian Arab Republic
- School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Thomas Eissenberg
- Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Aleppo, Syrian Arab Republic
- Department of Psychology and Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Olusanya Oluwole
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Zoran Bursac
- Biostatistics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Tarek Ghaddar
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Wasim Maziak
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
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Malik L, Shahnawaz MG, Rehman U, Pragyendu, Uniyal R, Griffiths MD. Mediating Roles of Fear of Missing Out and Boredom Proneness on Psychological Distress and Social Media Addiction Among Indian Adolescents. JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY IN BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37362061 PMCID: PMC10242220 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-023-00323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Objective The closure of schools and other educational institutes around the world has been one of the consequences of the COVID-19 and has resulted in online teaching. To facilitate online teaching, there has been an increase in the use of smartphones and tablets among adolescents. However, such enhancement in technology use may put many adolescents at the risk of problematic use of social media. Consequently, the present study explored the direct relationship of psychological distress with social media addiction. The relationship between the two was also assessed indirectly via the fear of missing out (FoMO) and boredom proneness. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 505 Indian adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, studying in grades 7 to 12. Standardized tools (with some modifications to suit the context of the present study) were used to collect data. Results The results showed significant positive associations between psychological distress, social media addiction, FoMO, and boredom proneness. Psychological distress was found to be a significant predictor of social media addiction. Moreover, FoMO and boredom proneness partially mediated the relationships between psychological distress and social media addiction. Discussion The present study is the first to provide evidence for the specific pathways of FoMO and boredom proneness in the relationships between psychological distress and social media addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipika Malik
- Department of Psychology, Amity University, Mumbai, India
| | - Md Ghazi Shahnawaz
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia Central University, New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - Usama Rehman
- Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India 20022
| | - Pragyendu
- Department of Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College, Delhi University, Delhi, India
| | - Ritika Uniyal
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia Central University, New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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Liu J, Lee DN, Stevens EM. Characteristics Associated with Young Adults' Intentions to Engage with Anti-Vaping Instagram Posts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6054. [PMID: 37297658 PMCID: PMC10252522 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20116054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify behavioral and sociodemographic factors associated with intentions to engage with anti-vaping Instagram posts among a young adult population. This study proposes the following research questions: (1) Does e-cigarette use status influence intentions to engage with anti-vaping Instagram posts?, and (2) How are e-cigarette use and social media use associated? We recruited a convenience sample of young adults (N = 459; aged 18-30 years) in July of 2022 into an online experimental study from Prolific. Participants saw five image-based Instagram posts about the health harms of using e-cigarettes. Participants were then asked about their intentions to engage ("Comment on", "Reshare", "DM/Send this to a friend", "Like", and/or "Take a screenshot of") with the posts. We used logistic regression to run adjusted models for each engagement outcome, which included fixed effects for sociodemographics, tobacco use, and social media/internet use. For the sum of the engagement outcome, we used Poisson regression. Total number of social media sites used was associated with intentions to "Like" the posts (p = 0.025) and the overall engagement score (p = 0.019), respectively. Daily internet use was associated with intentions to "Comment on" (p = 0.016) and "Like" (p = 0.019) the posts. Young adults who reported past 30-day e-cigarette use had higher odds of using Twitter (p = 0.013) and TikTok (p < 0.001), and a higher total number of social media sites used (p = 0.046), compared to young adults who reported never use e-cigarettes. The initial evidence from our exploratory research using a convenience sample suggests that social media campaigns about the harms of e-cigarette use may be an effective way to engage younger audiences, a generation that frequents social media. Efforts to disseminate social media campaigns should consider launching on multiple platforms, such as Twitter and TikTok, and consider e-cigarette use status when posting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Liu
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Donghee N. Lee
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Elise M. Stevens
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
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ElNaghy R, Al-Qawasmi R, Hasanin M. Does using mobile applications and social media-based interventions induce beneficial behavioral changes among orthodontic patients? Evid Based Dent 2023; 24:26-27. [PMID: 36882496 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-023-00859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs). The protocol of the study was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42019157298). DATA SOURCES Seven electronic databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, Unpublished Clinical Trials accessed through clinicaltrials.gov, Embase, LILACS, ProQuest Database, The Cochrane Library) were searched. Additionally, the reference lists of the included studies were hand searched. STUDY SELECTION Clinical trials (RCT and CCT) that assessed the impact of the interventional use of mobile applications and social media among orthodontic patients were included. The review question was defined in PICO format as follows: population (P) = patients (no age restriction) undergoing orthodontic treatment using fixed, removable, or functional appliances, or patients in the retention phase that are wearing fixed or removable retainers; intervention (I) = mobile applications and social media-based interventions; comparison (C) = control group that did not receive any adjunctive intervention; outcome (O) = behavior changes in orthodontic patients after receipt of the intervention. Two authors independently conducted literature search from inception up to March 2021. DATA ANALYSIS Social media-based interventions and mobile applications (or bespoke) were used in the form of reminders (WhatsApp reminders) and provision of information including YouTube videos and Instagram posts. Primary outcomes included adherence to wearing appliances or adjuncts, oral hygiene levels, oral health-related behaviors, periodontal outcomes, appointment attendance, knowledge, and related iatrogenic effects. Treatment-related experiences and patient-reported outcomes were assessed as secondary outcomes. RESULTS 16 studies (14 RCTs and 2 CCTs) were included in the qualitative synthesis, of which only 7 studies were included in the quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis). Results from meta-analyses showed that the intervention was favored in relation to gingival index (GI) (number of studies = 4, standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -1.35 to -0.28, P = 0.00, certainty of evidence = very low), plaque index (PI) (number of studies = 7, SMD = -0.91 [95% CI, -1.64 to -0.19], P = 0.01, certainty of evidence = very low), and bleeding index (BI) (number of studies = 4, SMD = -0.22 [95% CI, -0.50 to 0.05], P = 0.11, certainty of evidence = high). Sensitivity analysis was performed (including additional 3 studies for GI and 5 studies for PI), which also favored the intervention in relation to GI (number of studies = 7, SMD = -0.60 [95% CI, -1.01 to -0.18], P = 0.00, certainty of evidence = very low), and PI (number of studies = 12, SMD = -0.67 [95% CI, -1.14 to -0.19], P = 0.01, certainty of evidence = very low). CONCLUSIONS Limited evidence supports beneficial behavior change among orthodontic patients when using mobile applications or social media-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma ElNaghy
- Department of Graduate Orthodontics, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Riyad Al-Qawasmi
- Department of Graduate Orthodontics, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Majd Hasanin
- Department of Graduate Orthodontics, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI, USA
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Keller-Hamilton B, Stevens EM, Villanti AC, Leshner G, Wagener TL, Mays D. Messaging to prevent and reduce young adults' waterpipe tobacco smoking: A randomized trial. Addict Behav 2023; 138:107546. [PMID: 36455379 PMCID: PMC9780172 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION More than 10% of U.S. young adults have smoked waterpipe tobacco in the past month and >25% of those who have never smoked are susceptible. We tested messages designed to prevent and reduce waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS). METHODS In 2020, we recruited 830 U.S. young adults (18-30 years) who had never smoked waterpipe tobacco and were susceptible or currently smoked waterpipe tobacco for an online study. We randomized participants to intervention messages about the risks of WTS or control messages unrelated to tobacco. Participants had up to four message exposures over 12 weeks and completed two-, four-, and six-month follow-ups. Outcomes were WTS initiation and curiosity (susceptible never smokers), WTS frequency, cessation, motivation to quit (those who currently smoked), and WTS risk perceptions. RESULTS Intervention messages increased perceived addictiveness of WTS at two months (β = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.43) in susceptible never smokers. There were no significant intervention effects in those who currently smoked. Exploratory analyses among intervention participants showed that higher dose of message exposure decreased WTS initiation at six months in susceptible never smokers (RR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.48, 0.96) and decreased WTS frequency (IRR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.73, 0.97) and increased cessation (RR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.59) at six months in those who smoked. CONCLUSIONS Although the WTS intervention messages had few significant effects on outcomes overall, a higher dose of message exposure affected behavioral outcomes in the intervention arm. Findings highlight the need to identify effective message content and optimal message dose, especially for digital media campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney Keller-Hamilton
- Center for Tobacco Research, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Elise M Stevens
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Andrea C Villanti
- Rutgers Center for Tobacco Studies, Department of Health, Behavior, Society, & Policy, Rutgers School of Public Health, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Glenn Leshner
- Gaylord College of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Theodore L Wagener
- Center for Tobacco Research, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Darren Mays
- Center for Tobacco Research, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States.
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Meyerson WU, Fineberg SK, Song YK, Faber A, Ash G, Andrade FC, Corlett P, Gerstein MB, Hoyle RH. Estimation of Bedtimes of Reddit Users: Integrated Analysis of Time Stamps and Surveys. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e38112. [PMID: 36649054 PMCID: PMC9890352 DOI: 10.2196/38112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with later bedtimes have an increased risk of difficulties with mood and substances. To investigate the causes and consequences of late bedtimes and other sleep patterns, researchers are exploring social media as a data source. Pioneering studies inferred sleep patterns directly from social media data. While innovative, these efforts are variously unscalable, context dependent, confined to specific sleep parameters, or rest on untested assumptions, and none of the reviewed studies apply to the popular Reddit platform or release software to the research community. OBJECTIVE This study builds on this prior work. We estimate the bedtimes of Reddit users from the times tamps of their posts, test inference validity against survey data, and release our model as an R package (The R Foundation). METHODS We included 159 sufficiently active Reddit users with known time zones and known, nonanomalous bedtimes, together with the time stamps of their 2.1 million posts. The model's form was chosen by visualizing the aggregate distribution of the timing of users' posts relative to their reported bedtimes. The chosen model represents a user's frequency of Reddit posting by time of day, with a flat portion before bedtime and a quadratic depletion that begins near the user's bedtime, with parameters fitted to the data. This model estimates the bedtimes of individual Reddit users from the time stamps of their posts. Model performance is assessed through k-fold cross-validation. We then apply the model to estimate the bedtimes of 51,372 sufficiently active, nonbot Reddit users with known time zones from the time stamps of their 140 million posts. RESULTS The Pearson correlation between expected and observed Reddit posting frequencies in our model was 0.997 on aggregate data. On average, posting starts declining 45 minutes before bedtime, reaches a nadir 4.75 hours after bedtime that is 87% lower than the daytime rate, and returns to baseline 10.25 hours after bedtime. The Pearson correlation between inferred and reported bedtimes for individual users was 0.61 (P<.001). In 90 of 159 cases (56.6%), our estimate was within 1 hour of the reported bedtime; 128 cases (80.5%) were within 2 hours. There was equivalent accuracy in hold-out sets versus training sets of k-fold cross-validation, arguing against overfitting. The model was more accurate than a random forest approach. CONCLUSIONS We uncovered a simple, reproducible relationship between Reddit users' reported bedtimes and the time of day when high daytime posting rates transition to low nighttime posting rates. We captured this relationship in a model that estimates users' bedtimes from the time stamps of their posts. Limitations include applicability only to users who post frequently, the requirement for time zone data, and limits on generalizability. Nonetheless, it is a step forward for inferring the sleep parameters of social media users passively at scale. Our model and precomputed estimated bedtimes of 50,000 Reddit users are freely available.
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Affiliation(s)
- William U Meyerson
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry & Biophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Program in Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Sarah K Fineberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Ye Kyung Song
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Adam Faber
- Durham Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Garrett Ash
- Center for Medical Informatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Fernanda C Andrade
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Philip Corlett
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Mark B Gerstein
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry & Biophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Program in Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Statistics & Data Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Rick H Hoyle
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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Trager BM, Morgan RM, Boyle SC, Montiel Ishino FA, LaBrie JW. Capturing the bigger picture: A gestalt of general and alcohol-specific social media usage during the transition to college as a predictor of first-year alcohol use and consequences. Addict Behav 2023; 136:107472. [PMID: 36067637 PMCID: PMC9708092 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has shown a reliable association between social media (SM) use and drinking among college students. However, most studies have investigated SM behaviors (e.g., time spent on a platform, posting frequency) in isolation and on a single site. While some have studied multiple SM behaviors across platforms using person-centered approaches (e.g., latent profile analysis [LPA]), these studies have failed to take alcohol-related SM behaviors into account. This longitudinal study addressed this gap in the literature by using LPA to identify subpopulations of SM users during the college transition (N = 319; 62.1% female) using general (frequency of checking, time spent on, and frequency of posting to Instagram/Facebook/Snapchat; Finstagram ownership) and alcohol-related SM behaviors (posting alcohol, partying, and marijuana content). LPA results revealed three SM user profiles at baseline: low general use with low alcohol-related posting (LGU + LAP), high general use with low alcohol-related posting (HGU + LAP), and high general use with high alcohol-related posting (HGU + HAP). Prospective analyses revealed that HGU + HAP membership was associated with greater descriptive peer drinking norms, alcohol use, and consequences relative to HGU + LAP and LGU + LAP membership. Results suggest that there are distinct patterns of general and alcohol-related SM use during the college transition associated with risky drinking that can inform interventions combating SM-related alcohol risks. These findings illustrate the importance of investigating SM use holistically and suggests studying alcohol-related SM behaviors may reveal differences in individuals' alcohol risk that general SM behaviors might not capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley M Trager
- Department of Psychology, Loyola Marymount University, 1 LMU Drive Suite 4700, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA.
| | - Reed M Morgan
- Department of Psychology, Loyola Marymount University, 1 LMU Drive Suite 4700, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA
| | - Sarah C Boyle
- Department of Psychology, Loyola Marymount University, 1 LMU Drive Suite 4700, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA
| | - Francisco A Montiel Ishino
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph W LaBrie
- Department of Psychology, Loyola Marymount University, 1 LMU Drive Suite 4700, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA
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Weight-normative messaging predominates on TikTok-A qualitative content analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267997. [PMID: 36318532 PMCID: PMC9624392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tiktok is a social media platform with many adolescent and young adult users. Food, nutrition, and weight-related posts are popular on TikTok, yet there is little understanding of the content of these posts, and whether nutrition-related content is presented by experts. The objective was to identify key themes in food, nutrition, and weight-related posts on TikTok. 1000 TikTok videos from 10 popular nutrition, food, and weight-related hashtags each with over 1 billion views were downloaded and analyzed using template analysis. The one-hundred most viewed videos were downloaded from each of the ten chosen hashtags. Two coders then coded each video for key themes. Key themes included the glorification of weight loss in many posts, the positioning of food to achieve health and thinness, and the lack of expert voices providing nutrition information. The majority of posts presented a weight-normative view of health, with less than 3% coded as weight-inclusive. Most posts were created by white, female adolescents and young adults. Nutrition-related content on TikTok is largely weight normative, and may contribute to disordered eating behaviors and body dissatisfaction in the young people that are TikTok’s predominant users. Helping users discern credible nutrition information, and eliminate triggering content from their social media feeds may be strategies to address the weight-normative social media content that is so prevalent.
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Social media usage and body image: Examining the mediating roles of internalization of appearance ideals and social comparisons in young women. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Boyle SC, Baez S, Trager BM, LaBrie JW. Systematic Bias in Self-Reported Social Media Use in the Age of Platform Swinging: Implications for Studying Social Media Use in Relation to Adolescent Health Behavior. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9847. [PMID: 36011479 PMCID: PMC9408042 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Public health researchers are increasingly interested in the potential relationships between social media (SM) use, well-being, and health behavior among adolescents. However, most research has assessed daily SM time via self-report survey questions, despite a lack of clarity around the accuracy of such reports given the current tendency of youth to access SM on multiple electronic devices and cycle between multiple SM platforms on a daily basis (i.e., platform swinging). The current study investigates the potential for systematic reporting biases to skew findings. Three hundred and twenty incoming college students downloaded software on their computers, tablets, and smartphones to track their active use of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat over a 2-week surveillance period and then self-reported their average daily minutes on each platform immediately after. Larger proportions of students over-estimated than under-estimated their use, with the largest overestimations found on the most heavily used platforms. Females logged significantly more SM time and were less accurate in reporting than were males and, independently, the likelihood of substantial inaccuracies in reporting total SM time and time on most individual platforms increased with each additional SM platform participants reported using. Findings demonstrate that self-reported estimates of SM time among adolescents in the age of SM platform swinging are prone to substantial error and may lead to biased conclusions about relationships between variables. Alternative measurement approaches are suggested to improve the validity of future research in this area.
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Heled E, Israeli R, Margalit D. Working memory development in different modalities in children and young adults. J Exp Child Psychol 2022; 220:105422. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2022.105422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Eşer Durmaz S, Keser A, Tunçer E. Effect of emotional eating and social media on nutritional behavior and obesity in university students who were receiving distance education due to the COVID-19 pandemic. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 31:1-10. [PMID: 35891803 PMCID: PMC9305038 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-022-01735-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to evaluate the effects of emotional eating and social media on nutritional behavior and obesity in university students receiving distance education during the pandemic. Subject and methods This cross-sectional study was performed with 1000 undergraduate students who were receiving distance education due to COVID-19 in Türkiye. Data were collected using an online questionnaire that included demographic information, height, body weight, eating habits, the Scale of Effects of Social Media on Eating Behavior (SESMEB), and the Emotional Eating Scale (EES). A p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant for statistical tests. Results During the distance education period, more than half of both male and female students (61.7%; 58.2%) changed their meal pattern, 31.7% of them started to consume their main meals more regularly, and 31.2% of them began to skip their main meals. Of the participants, 52.6% spent more than 2 hours a day on social media. The female students who spend more than 2 hours a day on social media have higher SESMEB and EES scores than those who spend 2 hours or less a day (p < 0.01). The score SESMEB is positively weakly correlated with body mass index (BMI) (rho 0.132, p < 0.01) and positively moderately associated with the EES score (rho 0.334, p < 0.01). The interaction between the SESMEB and EES scores increases the risk of overweight/obesity (odds ratio (OR) 1.002, p = 0.009). Conclusion For the students who received distance education, social media affects eating behavior, BMI, and emotional eating. Additionally, these effects may increase the risk of overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevinç Eşer Durmaz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kırıkkale University, Health Campus Fabrikalar District, İbni Sina Street. No:12 (Arpalık Çukuru Location), 71300 Merkez/Kırıkkale, Türkiye
| | - Alev Keser
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Fatih Street No:197/A, 06290 Keçiören/Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Esra Tunçer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Fatih Street No:197/A, 06290 Keçiören/Ankara, Türkiye
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Jones J, Knox J, Meanley S, Yang C, Lounsbury DW, Huang TT, Bauermeister J, Gonzalez-Hernandez G, Frye V, Grov C, Patel V, Baral SD, Sullivan PS, Schwartz SR. Explorations of the Role of Digital Technology in HIV-Related Implementation Research: Case Comparisons of Five Ending the HIV Epidemic Supplement Awards. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2022; 90:S226-S234. [PMID: 35703775 PMCID: PMC9204781 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of digital technology in HIV-related interventions and implementation strategies is increasing. Whether the use of technology is to directly improve patient outcomes (ie, part of the intervention) or as part of the strategy to implement interventions has important implications. In this article, we present 5 case studies of projects that feature the use of technology in HIV-related implementation research to identify and describe challenges specific to technology-based implementation research about study design, outcome measurement, implementing in an evolving technology landscape, and equity. METHODS For each case study, we identified the technological components, classified the components as intervention or implementation strategy, and identified implications for measuring performance and ensuring equity. The Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment framework was used to identify the research stage of each project. RESULTS Technology is being leveraged across a diverse array of implementation strategies to promote Ending the HIV Epidemic in the United States. The case studies were primarily in the exploration and preparation phases of implementation, yet technology played a different role in each project- developing educational materials, mass media to recruit participants or distribute evidence-based campaigns, providing training, guiding tailoring, and implementing novel methods to democratize intervention development. DISCUSSION Technology can play multiple roles in HIV-related implementation research projects, including serving as the intervention, being leveraged within implementation strategies, or both. We identified multiple considerations across projects that should be taken into account when measuring success and planning for equitable and sustained impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeb Jones
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University
| | - Justin Knox
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | - Steven Meanley
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing
| | - Cui Yang
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health
| | - David W Lounsbury
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
| | - Terry T Huang
- Center for Systems and Community Design, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York
| | - Jose Bauermeister
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing
| | | | | | - Christian Grov
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York
| | - Viraj Patel
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Montefiore Health System
| | - Stefan D Baral
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health
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Mumber HE, Rashid S, Carey G, Navarro A, Oh E, Nasir M, Lee MS. Impact of a Comfortable in our Skin interactive workshop on social media awareness and self-confidence in adolescents. Pediatr Dermatol 2022; 39:553-556. [PMID: 35503183 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Social media use contributes to body dissatisfaction and reduced quality of life among adolescents. This study examines the impact of social media use and skin conditions on body image and suggests that a Comfortable in Our Skin (CIOS) pilot community-based workshop may promote healthier body image and social media usage among urban adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Mumber
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarem Rashid
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Grace Carey
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexis Navarro
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eric Oh
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Margaret S Lee
- Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic resulted in cataclysmic changes to the research enterprise, causing a forced shutdown or rapid pivot to virtual methods. Adapting studies to the virtual environment also impacted recruitment and retention strategies. This review elucidated challenges and offered pragmatic recommendations, drawing on published literature and our prior work, to assist researchers in re-evaluating and amending best-practice techniques to bolster inclusive recruitment and study engagement of people using substances, particularly for virtual interviews or focus groups. RECENT FINDINGS Ameliorating recruitment strategies and research protocols to better fit virtual methods of recruitment and study administration required careful consideration of ethical and logistical implications. Many procedures to increase enrollment of underrepresented populations, such as building mutually beneficial and respectful community partnerships, recruiting via social media, or providing ambulatory research centers, existed prior to this specific pandemic. However, unprecedented disruptions in resources needed to participate in virtual interviews or focus groups, privacy concerns, and possible deteriorating trust in research necessitated continued adaptation and expansion of these strategies. SUMMARY Building upon prepandemic, community-engaged strategies may continue to facilitate diverse recruitment efforts and advance science productivity in the substance use and addiction field during the pandemic and thereafter.
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Davis GE, Hines DA, Reed KMP. Routine Activities and Stalking Victimization in Sexual Minority College Students. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP11242-NP11270. [PMID: 33546558 DOI: 10.1177/0886260521991879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sexual minority individuals, due to additional chronic stress they experience from living with a marginalized identity, may be perceived as vulnerable targets by motivated perpetrators of stalking. Using campus climate data collected over 11 years, researchers explore stalking victimization with a particular focus on the experiences of sexual minority college students. To get a better understanding of stalking as experienced by this population, this study investigated descriptive qualities and prevalence of stalking victimization among college students to compare experiences of sexual minority and heterosexual individuals. Additionally, using a routine activities theory framework, this study explored multiple sexual minority identities as unique predictors of stalking victimization. Results showed that bisexual and pansexual women were significantly more likely to experience stalking than heterosexual women, and gay men were significantly more likely to experience stalking than heterosexual men. In samples that included heterosexual, gay, lesbian, bisexual, and pansexual students, having a sexual minority identity predicted stalking victimization for men, and having a non-monosexual (bisexual or pansexual) identity predicted stalking victimization for women. When looking across all sexual orientations, sexual minority identity significantly predicted stalking victimization for both men and women. Results are discussed in the context of routine activities theory and future directions for exploring stalking in sexual minority populations are identified.
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Greer J, Fitzgerald K, Vijaykumar S. Narrative elaboration makes misinformation and corrective information regarding COVID-19 more believable. BMC Res Notes 2022; 15:235. [PMID: 35765114 PMCID: PMC9241297 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-022-06134-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE People gather information about health topics from online channels oftentimes awash with misinformation. Investigating this problem during the COVID-19 pandemic is important, as the misinformation effect occurs when misleading details are embedded in narratives and questions. This pilot study investigated whether narrative elaboration increases believability in misinformation statements about COVID-19, and willingness to share these statements online. RESULTS Results from our online survey (n = 80) demonstrated that narrative elaboration increased believability in both misinformation and accurate statements, with a more pronounced effect on younger adults. Future research may investigate cognitive vulnerabilities imposed by elaborate narratives embedded in online health misinformation with increased attention on developing misinformation resilience among younger adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Greer
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Kaitlyn Fitzgerald
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Santosh Vijaykumar
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Reuman H, Kerr K, Sidani J, Felker J, Escobar-Viera C, Shensa A, Maurer SH. Living in an online world: Social media experiences of adolescents and young adults with cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29666. [PMID: 35293691 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite widespread use, little is known about how adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer use social media (SM). This research characterized use and self-reported SM experiences among AYA with cancer. PROCEDURE AYA, aged 12-26 years, receiving cancer care completed a mixed-methods survey regarding SM experiences. Clinical information was obtained from the electronic medical record. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t tests, and qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Thirty-nine AYA with average age 16 (SD = 3.2) years participated. Most were Caucasian (92%) males (54%). Participants had leukemia/lymphoma (56%), solid tumors (33%), and brain tumors (10%). Nearly all (97%) used SM, with YouTube, Snapchat, and Instagram being the most popular. AYA self-reported lower SM use than their smartphone data indicated (2.8 hours/day, SD = 1.2 vs 3.4 hours/day, SD = 1.3; P < 0.001). Participants used SM to obtain information about their cancer (45%), post about cancer (47%), and read about others' cancer experience (50%). One-third made a friend with cancer through SM (32%). Qualitative results indicated that AYA had positive cancer-related SM experiences, including feelings of support (54%), community (27%), distraction (8%), and inspiration (8%). Most denied negative experiences (78%); however, 17% reported cyberbullying related to cancer. CONCLUSIONS AYA with cancer avidly use SM, noting it provides a sense of support and community. However, one-sixth reported cancer-related cyberbullying. AYA oncology providers have an opportunity to enhance positive and blunt negative SM interactions by addressing and guiding SM use in AYA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Reuman
- UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Jaime Sidani
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - James Felker
- UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - César Escobar-Viera
- Center for Behavioral Health, Media, and Technology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Internet Delivered Interventions on LGBTQA+ Mental Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ariel Shensa
- Department of Health Administration and Public Health, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Scott H Maurer
- UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Palliative Medicine and Supportive Care, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Beautiful victims: How the halo of attractiveness impacts judgments of celebrity and lay victims of online abuse. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.107157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Shannon H, Bush K, Villeneuve PJ, Hellemans KG, Guimond S. Problematic Social Media Use in Adolescents and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JMIR Ment Health 2022; 9:e33450. [PMID: 35436240 PMCID: PMC9052033 DOI: 10.2196/33450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technology is ever evolving, with more and more diverse activities becoming possible on screen-based devices. However, participating in a heavy screen-based lifestyle may come at a cost. Our hypothesis was that problematic social media use increased the prevalence of mental health outcomes. OBJECTIVE This study seeks to systematically examine problematic social media use in youth and its association with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. METHODS A systematic search was conducted to identify studies in adolescents and young adults, using the databases Engineering Village, Psycinfo, Pubmed, and Web of Science. A total of 18 studies were identified, with a total of 9269 participants in our review and included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS Our metaregression shows moderate but statistically significant correlations between problematic social media use and depression (r=0.273, P<.001), anxiety (r=0.348, P<.001), and stress (r=0.313, P<.001). We did not find evidence of heterogeneity of these summary correlations by age, gender, or year of publication. CONCLUSIONS This study provides further evidence of the association between problematic social media use and negative mental health among adolescents and young adults and supports future research to focus on the underlying mechanisms of problematic use of social media. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42021222309; https://tinyurl.com/2p9y4bjx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Shannon
- Department of Psychiatry, The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Katie Bush
- Department of Psychiatry, The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Paul J Villeneuve
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kim Gc Hellemans
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Synthia Guimond
- Department of Psychiatry, The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
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Purushothaman V, McMann T, Nali M, Li Z, Cuomo R, Mackey TK. Content Analysis of Nicotine Poisoning (Nic Sick) Videos on TikTok: Retrospective Observational Infodemiology Study. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e34050. [PMID: 35353056 PMCID: PMC9008518 DOI: 10.2196/34050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background TikTok is a microvideo social media platform currently experiencing rapid growth and with 60% of its monthly users between the ages of 16 and 24 years. Increased exposure to e-cigarette content on social media may influence patterns of use, including the risk of overconsumption and possible nicotine poisoning, when users engage in trending challenges online. However, there is limited research assessing the characteristics of nicotine poisoning–related content posted on social media. Objective We aimed to assess the characteristics of content on TikTok that is associated with a popular nicotine poisoning–related hashtag. Methods We collected TikTok posts associated with the hashtag #nicsick, using a Python programming package (Selenium) and used an inductive coding approach to analyze video content and characteristics of interest. Videos were manually annotated to generate a codebook of the nicotine sickness–related themes. Statistical analysis was used to compare user engagement characteristics and video length in content with and without active nicotine sickness TikTok topics. Results A total of 132 TikTok videos associated with the hashtag #nicsick were manually coded, with 52.3% (69/132) identified as discussing firsthand and secondhand reports of suspected nicotine poisoning symptoms and experiences. More than one-third of nicotine poisoning–related content (26/69, 37.68%) portrayed active vaping by users, which included content with vaping behavior such as vaping tricks and overconsumption, and 43% (30/69) of recorded users self-reported experiencing nicotine sickness, poisoning, or adverse events such as vomiting following nicotine consumption. The average follower count of users posting content related to nicotine sickness was significantly higher than that for users posting content unrelated to nicotine sickness (W=2350.5, P=.03). Conclusions TikTok users openly discuss experiences, both firsthand and secondhand, with nicotine adverse events via the #nicsick hashtag including reports of overconsumption resulting in sickness. These study results suggest that there is a need to assess the utility of digital surveillance on emerging social media platforms for vaping adverse events, particularly on sites popular among youth and young adults. As vaping product use-patterns continue to evolve, digital adverse event detection likely represents an important tool to supplement traditional methods of public health surveillance (such as poison control center prevalence numbers).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Purushothaman
- Global Health Policy and Data Institute, San Diego, CA, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology and Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Tiana McMann
- Global Health Policy and Data Institute, San Diego, CA, United States.,Department of Anthropology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,S-3 Research, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Matthew Nali
- Global Health Policy and Data Institute, San Diego, CA, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology and Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,S-3 Research, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Zhuoran Li
- Global Health Policy and Data Institute, San Diego, CA, United States.,Department of Anthropology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,S-3 Research, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Raphael Cuomo
- Global Health Policy and Data Institute, San Diego, CA, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology and Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Tim K Mackey
- Global Health Policy and Data Institute, San Diego, CA, United States.,Department of Anthropology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,S-3 Research, San Diego, CA, United States
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Miller TT, Maurer SH, Felker JT. Searching for a cure on Facebook: Patterns of social media use amongst caregivers of children with brain tumors. Cancer Med 2022; 11:3323-3331. [PMID: 35343641 PMCID: PMC9468429 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social media (SM) is ubiquitous in modern society. How SM provides information, advice, and community to families coping with childhood brain tumors is poorly understood. We sought to understand how caregivers of children with brain tumors use and are affected by SM. METHODS A survey was administered to caregivers of children who were receiving or within the last 5 years received chemotherapy for pediatric brain tumors. Differences in variables across groups were evaluated using nonparametric tests and chi-square tests. RESULTS Thirty-five of 36 caregivers acknowledged use of SM. Facebook was the most used platform (86%). Fifty-eight percent and 47% used SM to read and share information about their child's cancer, respectively. Thirty-four percent were comforted while 40% were bothered by cancer-related information on SM. Eleven participants (31%) sought a second opinion based on information from SM. Caregivers of children with a poor prognosis were more likely to use a treatment from SM that was not initially recommended by their oncologist (p = 0.043). CONCLUSION SM is commonly used by caregivers to obtain and share care-related information. Many noted positive and negative effects of SM on emotional wellness. SM influenced treatment decisions, and this effect was stronger with poorer prognosis. Our results demonstrate the dichotomous impact of SM in medicine-it is a source of both solace and anxiety, a place to confirm treatment decisions and to create doubt in the treatment decisions of the oncologist. This illustrates the importance of discussing SM with caregivers of children with brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler T Miller
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott H Maurer
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Division of Palliative Medicine and Supportive Care, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James T Felker
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Davies AE, Burnette CB, Ravyts SG, Mazzeo SE. A randomized control trial of Expand Your Horizon: An intervention for women with weight bias internalization. Body Image 2022; 40:138-145. [PMID: 34954448 PMCID: PMC8891047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Weight bias internalization (WBI) is associated with a myriad of negative health outcomes, but there are few effective treatments that address this concern. This randomized controlled trial examined the preliminary effectiveness of a previously developed body gratitude journaling intervention (i.e., Expand Your Horizon) compared with an active control writing condition (i.e., expressive writing) in emerging adult women with WBI. Participants (N = 135) completed baseline measures and were then randomized to either Expand Your Horizon (n = 72) or the active control condition (n = 63). Participants in both conditions completed three writing tasks over one week. Assessments occurred at baseline, post-test, and follow-up (one-week). Participants in both conditions experienced improvements in WBI, functionality appreciation, and self-compassion at follow-up, though improvements were greater in the Expand Your Horizon condition. Further, participants in the Expand Your Horizon had greater improvement in healthcare stress at follow-up. In sum, Expand Your Horizon appeared accessible and demonstrated preliminary effectiveness in a sample of emerging adult women with WBI. Avenues for future research include evaluating this intervention in more diverse populations with a longer follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria E Davies
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018, USA.
| | - C Blair Burnette
- Department of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Scott G Ravyts
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018, USA
| | - Suzanne E Mazzeo
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018, USA
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Nilsson S, Segerstad YHA, Olsson M. Visualizing the Invisible-The Needs and Wishes of Childhood Cancer Survivors for Digitally Mediated Emotional Peer Support. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:1269-1278. [PMID: 35200607 PMCID: PMC8870810 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29020108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify the needs and wishes of childhood cancer long-term survivors for digitally mediated emotional peer support. Survivors of childhood cancer (six men, seven women) aged 19–33, participated in semi-structured interviews (November–December 2020). Age of diagnosis ranged from 1 to 13 years. The interviews lasted between 45 and 85 min. A thematic analysis was used to identify three themes for needs: processing long-term complications of cancer treatment, processing psychosocial health and meeting others who share similar experiences; and another three themes reflecting wishes: digital tools for connecting with people who had had similar experiences, different modes of communication and a safe place with varying degrees of anonymity. The findings emphasized the needs and wishes of childhood cancer survivors to meet others who had had similar experiences using a digital tool that offered a secure place, with options for a variety of communication methods and levels of anonymity. Peer support can serve as an important complement to professional psychosocial support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Nilsson
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (Y.H.a.S.); (M.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-738538951
| | - Ylva Hård af Segerstad
- University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (Y.H.a.S.); (M.O.)
- Department of Applied IT, University of Gothenburg, 417 56 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Olsson
- University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; (Y.H.a.S.); (M.O.)
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Oncology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Social Media in Health Studies: A Systematic Review of Comparative Learning Methods. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042205. [PMID: 35206401 PMCID: PMC8871930 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Learning modifications particularly increased due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which made it necessary to offer distance health education for many months. Social media allows students to have interactive activities such as discussing specific subjects or sharing data with each other, and also to have interactions with their teachers and tutors. So, we aimed to compare the effects of the use of social media on knowledge, skills and perceptions in health students compared to other methods. We performed a systematic review on PubMed, ScienceDirect and Embase about comparative learning methods using social media. The search followed PRISMA guidelines, and the quality assessment of the studies was performed using the Medical Education Research Quality instrument (MERSQI). Eight studies were analyzed including 1014 participants. Mean age ranged from 19.9 to 23.4 years, and 70% were females. About 54.4% of the participants were medical students and 20.9% were dental students. The mean MERSQI was 11.7 ± 2.6. Various subjects were included-anatomy, cultural competences, sterile surgical techniques, radiology, arthrocentesis, medical pathologies and cariology. As far as knowledge evaluation was concerned, we found that the use of social media may have had a positive effect from a short-term point of view but results concerning skills were less consistent across studies. Students usually had a positive perception of the use of social media as a complementary method but not as a complete alternative so it is not excluded that this effect might result from an increase in working time. The impact on patient care should also be assessed in future studies.
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Berkanish P, Pan S, Viola A, Rademaker Q, Devine KA. Technology-Based Peer Support Interventions for Adolescents with Chronic Illness: A Systematic Review. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2022; 29:911-942. [PMID: 35147830 PMCID: PMC8853345 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-022-09853-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Technology may help adolescents with chronic illnesses overcome barriers to accessing peer support, which has been associated with better quality of life and health outcomes. This review aimed to describe technology-based peer support interventions for adolescents with chronic illness following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Of 3781 articles identified, 32 met inclusion criteria. The most common technologies were websites with discussion forums (n = 18), chat messaging (n = 9), and video conferencing (n = 7). Most studies (69%) focused on feasibility and had small sample sizes. Results support the feasibility and acceptability of these interventions. Results suggested positive effects on social support, but were mixed on isolation, quality of life, and disease self-management. There were too few adequately powered randomized controlled trials to determine efficacy of these interventions at this time. Future work should use rigorous methods to evaluate efficacy and account for rapid shifts in technology for adolescent communication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel Pan
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Adrienne Viola
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | | | - Katie A Devine
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA. .,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA.
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Martins S, Augusto C, Martins MRO, Silva MJ, Okan O, Dadaczynsky K, Duarte A, Fronteira I, Ramos N, Rosário R. Adaptation and validation and of the Digital Health Literacy Instrument for Portuguese university students. Health Promot J Austr 2022; 33 Suppl 1:390-398. [DOI: 10.1002/hpja.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Martins
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E) Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC) 3000‐232 Coimbra
| | - Cláudia Augusto
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E) Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC) 3000‐232 Coimbra
- School of Nursing University of Minho Braga Portugal
| | - Maria R. O. Martins
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine NOVA University of Lisbon 1349‐008 Lisbon Portugal
| | | | - Orkan Okan
- Faculty of Educational Science Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Literacy Research Bielefeld University 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Kevin Dadaczynsky
- Department of Nursing and Health Science Fulda University of Applied Sciences 36037 Fulda Germany
- Center for Applied Health Science Leuphana University of Lüneburg 21335 Lüneburg Germany
| | - Ana Duarte
- School of Nursing University of Minho Braga Portugal
- CIEC‐UM ‐ Research Centre on Child Studies
| | - Inês Fronteira
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine NOVA University of Lisbon 1349‐008 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Neide Ramos
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine NOVA University of Lisbon 1349‐008 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Rafaela Rosário
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E) Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC) 3000‐232 Coimbra
- School of Nursing University of Minho Braga Portugal
- CIEC‐UM ‐ Research Centre on Child Studies
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Butler S, Sculley D, Santos D, Fellas A, Gironès X, Singh-Grewal D, Coda A. Effectiveness of eHealth and mHealth Interventions Supporting Children and Young People Living With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e30457. [PMID: 35107431 PMCID: PMC8851322 DOI: 10.2196/30457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) management aims to promote remission through timely, individualized, well-coordinated interdisciplinary care using a range of pharmacological, physical, psychological, and educational interventions. However, achieving this goal is workforce-intensive. Harnessing the burgeoning eHealth and mobile health (mHealth) interventions could be a resource-efficient way of supplementing JIA management. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to identify the eHealth and mHealth interventions that have been proven to be effective in supporting health outcomes for children and young people (aged 1-18 years) living with JIA. METHODS We systematically searched 15 databases (2018-2021). Studies were eligible if they considered children and young people (aged 1-18 years) diagnosed with JIA, an eHealth or mHealth intervention, any comparator, and health outcomes related to the used interventions. Independently, 2 reviewers screened the studies for inclusion and appraised the study quality using the Downs and Black (modified) checklist. Study outcomes were summarized using a narrative, descriptive method and, where possible, combined for a meta-analysis using a random-effects model. RESULTS Of the 301 studies identified in the search strategy, 15 (5%) fair-to-good-quality studies met the inclusion criteria, which identified 10 interventions for JIA (age 4-18.6 years). Of these 10 interventions, 5 (50%) supported symptom monitoring by capturing real-time data using health applications, electronic diaries, or web-based portals to monitor pain or health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Within individual studies, a preference was demonstrated for real-time pain monitoring over recall pain assessments because of a peak-end effect, improved time efficiency (P=.002), and meeting children's and young people's HRQoL needs (P<.001) during pediatric rheumatology consultations. Furthermore, 20% (2/10) of interventions supported physical activity promotion using a web-based program or a wearable activity tracker. The web-based program exhibited a moderate effect, which increased endurance time, physical activity levels, and moderate to vigorous physical activity (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.60, SD 0.02-1.18; I2=79%; P=.04). The final 30% (3/10) of interventions supported self-management development through web-based programs, or apps, facilitating a small effect, reducing pain intensity (SMD -0.14, 95% CI -0.43 to 0.15; I2=53%; P=.33), and increasing disease knowledge and self-efficacy (SMD 0.30, 95% CI 0.03-0.56; I2=74%; P=.03). These results were not statistically significant. No effect was seen regarding pain interference, HRQoL, anxiety, depression, pain coping, disease activity, functional ability, or treatment adherence. CONCLUSIONS Evidence that supports the inclusion of eHealth and mHealth interventions in JIA management is increasing. However, this evidence needs to be considered cautiously because of the small sample size, wide CIs, and moderate to high statistical heterogeneity. More rigorous research is needed on the longitudinal effects of real-time monitoring, web-based pediatric rheumatologist-children and young people interactions, the comparison among different self-management programs, and the use of wearable technologies as an objective measurement for monitoring physical activity before any recommendations that inform current practice can be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Butler
- School of Bioscience and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, Australia
| | - Dean Sculley
- School of Bioscience and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, Australia
| | - Derek Santos
- School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Antoni Fellas
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Xavier Gironès
- University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Manresa, Spain
| | - Davinder Singh-Grewal
- Department of Rheumatology, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Randwick and Westmead, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Rheumatology, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrea Coda
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Priority Research Centre Health Behaviour, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
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