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Lu J, Hong D, Wu Q, Xia Y, Chen G, Zhou T, Li C. Association between urinary cobalt exposure and kidney stones in U.S. adult population: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2325645. [PMID: 38445435 PMCID: PMC10919319 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2325645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Heavy metal exposure can cause impaired or reduced pathology in the kidneys, lungs, liver, and other vital organs. However, the relationship between heavy metal exposure and kidney stones has not been determined. The goal of this research was to determine the association between heavy metal exposure and kidney stones in a population of American adults in general. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated 29,201 individuals (≥20 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The association between heavy metal exposure and kidney stones was verified by multiple logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. Dose-response curves were generated to analyze the relationship between heavy metal concentrations and the occurrence of kidney stones. Moreover, we used propensity score matching (PSM) to exclude the effect of confounding variables. RESULTS After a rigorous enrollment screening process, we included 8518 participants. Logistic regression showed that urinary cadmium (U-Cd) and urinary cobalt (U-Co) concentrations were significantly different in the kidney stone group before PSM (p < 0.001). Dose-response curves revealed that the occurrence of kidney stones increased significantly with increasing U-Cd and U-Co concentrations. After adjustment for covariates, only biomarkers of U-Co were linked to the occurrence of kidney stones. When the lowest quartile was used as a reference, the 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for kidney stones across the other quartiles were 1.015 (0.767-1.344), 1.409 (1.059-1.875), and 2.013 (1.505-2.693) for U-Cos (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In the U.S. population, high U-Co levels are positively correlated with the potential risk of kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Dongmei Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yinghui Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Guozhong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Tie Zhou
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China
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Guo S, Jiang M, Wang W, Chen X, Wei Q, Wang M. Crystal structure of methyltransferase CbiL from Akkermansia muciniphila. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 722:150165. [PMID: 38805786 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila is a mucin-degrading probiotic that colonizes the gastrointestinal tract. Genomic analysis identified a set of genes involved in the biosynthesis of corrin ring, including the cobalt factor II methyltransferase CbiL, in some phylogroups of A. muciniphila, implying a potential capacity for de novo synthesis of cobalamin. In this work, we determined the crystal structure of CbiL from A. muciniphila at 2.3 Å resolution. AmCbiL exists as a dimer both in solution and in crystal, and each protomer consists of two α/β domains, the N-terminal domain and the C-terminal domain, consistent with the folding of typical class III MTases. The two domains create an open trough, potentially available to bind the substrates SAM and cobalt factor II. Sequence and structural comparisons with other CbiLs, assisted by computer modeling, suggest that AmCbiL should have cobalt factor II C-20 methyltransferase activity. Our results support that certain strains of A. muciniphila may be capable of synthesizing cobalamin de novo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoxuan Guo
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Meiyu Jiang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Wenfeng Wang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Qinghao Wei
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Mingzhu Wang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China.
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Ramijinni RR, Mahajan A, Sapehia D, Singh P, Suri V, Kaur J. Association of Altered Ratio of Maternal Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 during Pregnancy with Newborn Birth Weight, Head Circumference, and Chest Circumference. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024; 43:452-463. [PMID: 38289269 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2024.2307980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effect of an altered ratio of maternal RBC folate (MRF) to serum vitamin B12 (MB12) on pregnancy and newborn outcomes. METHODS Blood samples were collected from pregnant women and the umbilical cord at the time of delivery. Estimations of RBC folate and serum vitamin B12 from maternal and cord blood samples and total homocysteine (HCY) were performed. Maternal and newborn anthropometric parameters like placental weight (PW), head circumference (HC), chest circumference (CC), and body weight (BW) were measured in offsprings after birth. We stratified the pregnant women into six groups (a) vitamin B12 normal and folic acid normal (BNFN)-control group, (b) vitamin B12 normal and folic acid elevated (BNFE), (c) vitamin B12 normal and folic acid deficient (BNFD), (d) vitamin B12 deficient and folic acid normal (BDFN), (e) vitamin B12 deficient and folic acid elevated (BDFE) and (f) vitamin B12 deficient and folic acid deficient (BDFD) based on their levels of RBC folate (MRF) and vitamin B12 (MB12). The expression of the one-carbon metabolism genes (methionine synthase (MS), glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT), and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) was also studied in placental tissue by using real-time PCR. RESULTS Cord blood RBC folate was significantly reduced in groups BDFE and BDFD as compared to the control group (BNFN). The cord blood vitamin B12 levels were also reduced in the BDFE group as compared to the BDFD. All the newborn parameters viz. PW, HC, CC, and BW, were reduced in the altered MRF/MB12 ratio (low & high vs. normal ratio). Total HCY was significantly elevated in the groups with (BDFE & BDFN) an imbalance of maternal RBC folate and serum vitamin B12 as compared to the control group. Downregulation of one-carbon metabolism genes like MS (p < 0.001), GNMT (p < 0.05), and CBS (p < 0.01) in placental tissue was observed in the high MRF/MB12 ratio group as compared to the normal ratio group. A strong positive correlation was also observed between MRF, MB12, and newborn parameters. CONCLUSIONS The altered ratio of folate to vitamin B12 in the maternal blood is associated with adverse growth and development of the newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramji Rao Ramijinni
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aatish Mahajan
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Divika Sapehia
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Parampal Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vanita Suri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jyotdeep Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Golabi M, Kazemi D, Chadeganipour AS, Fouladseresht H, Sullman MJM, Ghezelbash B, Dastgerdi AY, Eskandari N. The Role of Cobalamin in Multiple Sclerosis: An Update. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02075-6. [PMID: 38902541 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02075-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative condition that results in axonal and permanent damage to the central nervous system, necessitating healing owing to autoimmune reactions and persistent neuroinflammation. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs are essential for the management of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Additionally, multivitamin supplementation, particularly vitamin B12 (cobalamin), may be beneficial for neuronal protection. Although there is no documented connection between vitamin B12 deficiency and MS, researchers have explored its potential as a metabolic cause. This review highlights the therapeutic benefits of cobalamin (Cbl) in patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Golabi
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Danial Kazemi
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Fouladseresht
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mark J M Sullman
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Behrooz Ghezelbash
- Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ava Yeganegi Dastgerdi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University of Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nahid Eskandari
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Dhande D, Dhok A, Anjankar A, Nagpure S. A Case Report and Literature Review on Dietary Practices and Megaloblastic Anemia in a Young Female: Unraveling the Impact of Nutrition on Hematological Health. Cureus 2024; 16:e61550. [PMID: 38962588 PMCID: PMC11221392 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Megaloblastic anemia, stemming from vitamin B12 or folate deficiencies, poses diagnostic challenges due to its diverse clinical presentation. We report a case of a 25-year-old female college student presenting with symptoms indicative of megaloblastic anemia, attributed to her recent adoption of a strict vegetarian and vegan diet. Clinical manifestations included dizziness, palpitations, blurred vision, vertigo, headaches, burning sensations, excessive sweating, mouth ulcers, and unintentional weight loss. Physical examination revealed pale palpebral conjunctiva and sweating on the palms and soles. Laboratory findings confirmed megaloblastic anemia secondary to vitamin B12 deficiency, with elevated mean corpuscular volume (MCV), reticulocyte count, serum methylmalonic acid (MMA), and homocysteine levels. Treatment with intramuscular cyanocobalamin injections and oral vitamin B12 supplementation led to symptomatic improvement and normalization of hematological parameters. This case underscores the crucial role of dietary habits in hematological health. Vegetarian and vegan diets, devoid of animal products rich in vitamin B12, increase the risk of deficiency. Early recognition and management of such deficiencies are imperative to prevent long-term complications. A literature review corroborates the association between vegetarianism/veganism and megaloblastic anemia risk. Healthcare providers should vigilantly assess dietary histories, particularly in patients with hematological abnormalities. Further research is warranted to explore strategies for optimizing nutrient intake in individuals adhering to vegetarian or vegan diets, aiming to mitigate the risk of nutritional deficiencies and associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devshree Dhande
- Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Archana Dhok
- Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Ashish Anjankar
- Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Shailesh Nagpure
- Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Ganie MA, Bashir R, Sehar T, Asrar M, Khan S, Baba S, Tandon N, Dhadwal V, Jyotsna V, Dwivedi SN. Impact of Prevalent Dietary Pattern on Serum Vitamin B12 Status and Its Association With Inflammation Among Reproductive Age Women. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300315. [PMID: 38766917 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Association between vitamin B12 deficiency (VB12D) and dietary patterns being well documented has bearing on obstetrics and neonatal outcomes. However, relationship between VB12D and serum inflammatory markers (IMs), particularly in vegetarian diet and Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), remains elusive. This cross-sectional study assesses VB12D and IMs among reproductive age women consuming different diets. METHODS AND RESULTS Nonvegetarian (PCOS, n = 104; healthy, n = 148) and vegetarian women (PCOS n = 112; healthy, n = 186) are for evaluated clinical, biochemical, hormonal assessment, inflammatory, and four vitamin B 12 (VB12) markers. VB12D is defined by Fedosov's wellness quotient (4cB12). Using 4cB12, prevalence of VB12D is discerned in 54.4% (PCOS: 72.1%; healthy 36.5%) and 93.4% (PCOS: 95.9%; healthy: 91.9%) among nonvegetarians and vegetarians, respectively. Vegetarian PCOS women depict lowest median (interquartile range [IQR]) of serum B12 76.2(72.6) pg mL-1, holotranscobalamine (HTC) 37.9(11.3) and highest homocysteine (HCY) 40.32(6.0) µmol L-1, methylmalonic acid (MMA) 352.26(156.7) nmol L-1 with highest Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and IMs (Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6)). Significant correlation of serum hs-CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 with VB12 markers is observed. CONCLUSION The VB12D is rampant among reproductive age women that gets exacerbated by PCOS or vegetarian diet. It is directly correlated with magnitude of proinflammatory markers. The results carry substantial implications for public health policies aimed at improving preconception maternal VB12 status for better future pregnancy and offspring outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rohina Bashir
- Departments of Endocrinology, Srinagar, India
- Clinical Research, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Tajali Sehar
- Departments of Endocrinology, Srinagar, India
- Clinical Research, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Mir Asrar
- Clinical Research, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Shahid Khan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Saleem Baba
- Departments of Endocrinology, Srinagar, India
| | - Nikhil Tandon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vatsla Dhadwal
- Department of Obstetricians and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vivekap Jyotsna
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sada Nand Dwivedi
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Warghat PA, Sharath HV, Raghuveer R. The Effect of Early Pediatric Rehabilitation in an Infant With Vitamin B12 Deficiency Associated With Developmental Delay: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e62648. [PMID: 39036156 PMCID: PMC11258930 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Developmental delay is a multifaceted condition that can hamper a child's ability to attain developmental benchmarks within expected timelines. Vitamin B12 deficiency has been identified as a potentially reversible causative factor and is critical to neurological function, influencing myelination and nerve conduction. Insufficiency during critical developmental stages can lead to motor, cognitive, and language delays. Physiotherapy interventions have been found effective in addressing motor delays associated with both developmental delay and B12 deficiency. Early intervention programs that focus on motor skill development, sensory integration, and adaptive equipment use are among the interventions that physiotherapists provide. Collaboration with multidisciplinary teams allows physiotherapists to manage B12 deficiency effectively and provide rehabilitative strategies aimed at maximizing motor function and overall development for long-term health. Early identification and intervention in children with developmental delays is crucial, especially in cases related to vitamin B12 deficiency. Physiotherapy is a critical aspect of addressing motor delays associated with developmental delay and B12 deficiency. By providing early interventions, physiotherapists can help children attain their full potential and attain developmental milestones. In conclusion, this highlights the significance of early identification and intervention in children with developmental delay, especially those with vitamin B12 deficiency, for optimal long-term health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratiksha A Warghat
- Department of Pediatric Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - H V Sharath
- Department of Pediatric Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Raghumahanti Raghuveer
- Department of Neuro-Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Wolffenbuttel BHR, McCaddon A, Ahmadi KR, Green R. A Brief Overview of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cobalamin (B12) Deficiency. Food Nutr Bull 2024; 45:S40-S49. [PMID: 38987879 DOI: 10.1177/03795721241229500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of adult individuals are at risk of vitamin B12 deficiency, either from reduced nutritional intake or impaired gastrointestinal B12 absorption. OBJECTIVE This study aims to review the current best practices for the diagnosis and treatment of individuals with vitamin B12 deficiency. METHODS A narrative literature review of the diagnosis and treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency. RESULTS Prevention and early treatment of B12 deficiency is essential to avoid irreversible neurological consequences. Diagnosis is often difficult due to diverse symptoms, marked differences in diagnostic assays' performance and the unreliability of second-line biomarkers, including holo-transcobalamin, methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine. Reduced dietary intake of B12 requires oral supplementation. In B12 malabsorption, oral supplementation is likely insufficient, and parenteral (i.e. intramuscular) supplementation is preferred. There is no consensus on the optimal long-term management of B12 deficiency with intramuscular therapy. According to the British National Formulary guidelines, many individuals with B12 deficiency due to malabsorption can be managed with 1000 µg intramuscular hydroxocobalamin once every two months after the initial loading. Long-term B12 supplementation is effective and safe, but responses to treatment may vary considerably. Clinical and patient experience strongly suggests that up to 50% of individuals require individualized injection regimens with more frequent administration, ranging from daily or twice weekly to every 2-4 weeks, to remain symptom-free and maintain a normal quality of life. 'Titration' of injection frequency based on measuring biomarkers such as serum B12 or MMA should not be practiced. There is currently no evidence to support that oral/sublingual supplementation can safely and effectively replace injections. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the interindividual differences in symptomatology and treatment of people with B12 deficiency. Treatment follows an individualized approach, based on the cause of the deficiency, and tailored to help someone to become and remain symptom-free.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew McCaddon
- Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Wrexham University, Wrexham, United Kingdom
| | - Kourosh R Ahmadi
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Ralph Green
- University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Hannibal L, Lederer AK, Storz MA, Huber R, Jacobsen DW. Vitamin B 12 Status and Supplementation in Plant-Based Diets. Food Nutr Bull 2024; 45:S58-S66. [PMID: 38987876 DOI: 10.1177/03795721241227233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Plant-based diets are increasingly popular worldwide. A well-planned plant-based diet lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and certain cancers. In contrast, a poorly planned plant-based diet increases the risk of certain micronutrient deficiencies, chiefly, vitamin B12 (B12). Because B12 is not present in plants or in unfortified plant-based foodstuffs, the safest way to prevent its deficiency in plant-based diets is to take an oral B12 supplement. Studies determining the dose and frequency of B12 to be taken by healthy individuals on a plant-based diet to support an adequate B12 status are scarce. Here, we summarize the natural sources, metabolic requirements, biomarker findings with and without supplementation with B12, and current recommendations to help prevent vitamin B12 deficiency in healthy individuals adhering or transitioning to plant-based diets. This review focuses on the prevention of vitamin B12 deficiency in healthy individuals adhering to plant-based diets. The information covered in this review does not apply to individuals suffering from autoimmune-based malabsorption of vitamin B12 resulting from pernicious anemia due to atrophic gastritis, other acquired causes of B12 malabsorption or to those with genetic disorders that impair vitamin B12 absorption, transport and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Hannibal
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Lederer
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Maximilian A Storz
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roman Huber
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Donald W Jacobsen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Salvaleda-Mateu M, Rodríguez-Varela C, Labarta E. Do Popular Diets Impact Fertility? Nutrients 2024; 16:1726. [PMID: 38892663 PMCID: PMC11174414 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Infertility affects 15% of the population in developed countries, and its prevalence is increasing. Fertility can be influenced by different factors. Although key factors like maternal age cannot be changed, there is growing evidence that other modifiable factors, such as diet, can have an impact on fertility. Diet has become increasingly important in recent years for a number of reasons: the new trend toward a healthy lifestyle, the higher prevalence of certain digestive disorders, a lack of time that leads people to consume more prepared and processed food, and personal choice to not eat meat, among others. To meet these needs, several diets have recently become popular, such as the Mediterranean diet, known as the gold standard of health; the DASH diet, known for preventing hypertension; the Western diet, characterized by processed food; the ketogenic diet, characterized by low carbohydrate intake; and the vegetarian diet, which is the choice for people who do not eat meat or animal by-products. Diets present a unique composition characterized by the presence or absence of specific nutrients, which have also been associated with male and female fertility individually. This review assesses the impact of these diets and of macro- and micronutrients on both female and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena Labarta
- Human Reproduction Department, IVI RMA Valencia, 46015 Valencia, Spain; (C.R.-V.); (E.L.)
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Fernandes S, Oliveira L, Pereira A, Costa MDC, Raposo A, Saraiva A, Magalhães B. Exploring Vitamin B12 Supplementation in the Vegan Population: A Scoping Review of the Evidence. Nutrients 2024; 16:1442. [PMID: 38794680 PMCID: PMC11124153 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
With a significant portion of the population adopting veganism and conflicting views among nutrition professionals regarding the necessity of vitamin B12 supplementation, this review aims to explore existing studies evaluating interventions through food supplementation. It focuses on the impact of vitamin B12 deficiency across different demographics. The present study seeks to understand how research has addressed the relationship between the rise in veganism and vitamin B12 deficiency over the past decade. A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA flow diagram. Studies from 2010 to 2023 were identified using Boolean operators and key terms in electronic databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EBSCO (Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts, and Academic Search Complete). Out of 217 articles identified, 70 studies were included. The topical analysis categorized the studies into three groups: those associating vitamin B12 deficiency with diseases (n = 14), those analyzing the dietary habits of vegetarian individuals (vegan or not) without a specific focus on vitamin B12 (n = 49), and those addressing food guides and nutrition institution positions (n = 7). The authors concluded that vitamin B12 deficiency is prevalent among vegans due to limited consumption of animal products. For vegetarians, supplementation is an efficient means of treating and preventing deficiency; a daily dose of 50 to 100 micrograms is advised. There are still significant gaps in the research, nevertheless, such as the absence of randomized controlled trials evaluating various forms or dosages of vitamin B12 among vegetarians and the requirement for more information and awareness of the vitamin's significance in vegan diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sávio Fernandes
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.F.); (L.O.)
| | - Leandro Oliveira
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.F.); (L.O.)
- Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Rua 5 de Outubro—S. Martinho do Bispo, Apartado 7006, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alda Pereira
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal;
- University Clinic of General and Family Medicine, Ecogenetics and Human Health Unity, Institute for Environmental Health, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria do Céu Costa
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.F.); (L.O.)
- Núcleo de Investigação em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (NICiTeS), Polytechnic Institute of Lusophony, ERISA—Escola Superior de Saúde Ribeiro Sanches, 1900-693 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Raposo
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.F.); (L.O.)
| | - Ariana Saraiva
- Department of Animal Pathology and Production, Bromatology and Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña s/n, 35413 Arucas, Spain;
| | - Bruno Magalhães
- School of Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- RISE—Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (CACTMAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Storz MA, Huber R, Hannibal L. Impact of vitamin B12 supplement intake cessation on vitamin B12 status in a healthy vegan: A close interval monitoring case study. Nutrition 2024; 125:112498. [PMID: 38833779 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy plant-based diets, such as the lacto-ovo-vegetarian and the vegan diet, offer numerous benefits to human health. Poorly designed plant-based diets, however, bear the risk for vitamin- and micronutrient deficiencies. Vitamin B12 (B12, cobalamin) is a nutrient of particular concern in both diets, and should be readily supplemented on a continuous basis to ensure adequate B12 levels and to prevent deficiencies. CASE REPORT This case reports describes the history of a healthy man in his mid-30s who adopted a vegan diet approximately 10 y ago. Well informed about the risks of vitamin B12 deficiency on a plant-based diet, he regularly supplemented methylcobalamin for years (single oral dose: 500 µg, 3-4 times a week) in order to maintain an adequate vitamin B12 status. In late 2023, however, he decided to cease B12 supplementation for undisclosed reasons. Subsequent to this decision, we closely monitored his B12 status and longitudinally measured serum B12, homocysteine, and holotranscobalamin (holo-TC). Total serum folate was also determined as it is a modifier of homocysteine concentration. A gradual decrease in holo-TC and vitamin B12 levels was observed after 4 weeks and supplements had to be re-introduced after 16 weeks. Homocysteine increased concomitantly up to 18.2 μmol/L after 20 weeks. CONCLUSIONS While a short-term B12 supplement intake cessation might be well tolerated by vegans with an adequate B12 status, an interruption of more than 8 weeks could signify B12 loss approaching suboptimal status. This case report reiterates the need for continuous B12 supplementation in persons following an unfortified plant-based diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Andreas Storz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Complementary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Roman Huber
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Complementary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luciana Hannibal
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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de Alcântara FF, Sant’Anna CDC, Alcântara DDFÁ, Cohen-Paes ADN, Soares PC, de Assumpção PP, Imbiriba MMBG, Burbano RMR. Homocystein, Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid as Screening Biomarkers in Early Diagnosis and Gastric Cancer Monitoring. Med Sci (Basel) 2024; 12:24. [PMID: 38804380 PMCID: PMC11130919 DOI: 10.3390/medsci12020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer has been demonstrating a reduction in the number of cases over the past decades, largely attributed to advancements in public health practices and increased accessibility to educational initiatives for the general population. Nevertheless, it persists as the third leading cause of mortality globally among both men and women. These fatalities are typically associated with delayed disease detection. The current study assessed the levels of homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folic acid as a means of establishing a screening biomarker profile that could be integrated into routine testing protocols to facilitate swift diagnosis of the illness. A total of 207 control subjects and 207 individuals with gastric cancer were scrutinized, with biochemical measurements conducted using chemiluminescence for homocysteine, folic acid, and vitamin B12. The two groups were matched based on age, tumor location, subtype, tumor classification, presence of Epstein-Barr Virus infection (EBV), and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Significant statistical variances were identified in the mean levels of the triad of substances among cancer patients when compared to the control group for all corresponding variables. In conclusion, our study indicated that analyzing the triad of homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folic acid holds diagnostic value for gastric cancer and could potentially serve as an effective screening marker for this type of cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Farias de Alcântara
- Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém 66063-240, Brazil; (F.F.d.A.); (C.d.C.S.); (D.D.F.Á.A.); (P.C.S.); (M.M.B.G.I.); (R.M.R.B.)
| | - Carla de Castro Sant’Anna
- Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém 66063-240, Brazil; (F.F.d.A.); (C.d.C.S.); (D.D.F.Á.A.); (P.C.S.); (M.M.B.G.I.); (R.M.R.B.)
| | | | - Amanda de Nazaré Cohen-Paes
- Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém 66063-240, Brazil; (F.F.d.A.); (C.d.C.S.); (D.D.F.Á.A.); (P.C.S.); (M.M.B.G.I.); (R.M.R.B.)
| | - Paulo Cardoso Soares
- Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém 66063-240, Brazil; (F.F.d.A.); (C.d.C.S.); (D.D.F.Á.A.); (P.C.S.); (M.M.B.G.I.); (R.M.R.B.)
| | | | | | - Rommel Mario Rodriguez Burbano
- Ophir Loyola Hospital, Belém 66063-240, Brazil; (F.F.d.A.); (C.d.C.S.); (D.D.F.Á.A.); (P.C.S.); (M.M.B.G.I.); (R.M.R.B.)
- Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil;
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Al Jassem O, Kheir K, Ismail A, Abou-Abbas L, Masri A, Haddad C, Nasrallah K. Vitamin B12 deficiency and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Lebanon: A cross-sectional study of vegans, vegetarians, and omnivores. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297976. [PMID: 38630748 PMCID: PMC11023582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin B12 deficiency is responsible for a variety of complications, particularly neurological/neuropsychiatric complications, including depression, irritability, paresthesia and insomnia. Since vitamin B12 is found in animal-derived products, vegans/vegetarians are at a greater risk for developing vitamin B12 deficiency. AIMS This study aims to investigate the occurrence of vitamin B12 deficiency among a sample of adult Lebanese population, with a particular emphasis on assessing the severity of its neurological/neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms, especially among vegans/vegetarians. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 483 Lebanese adults. Data was collected through a standardized questionnaire that included socio-demographic characteristics, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized anxiety disorders-7 (GAD-7), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scales. RESULTS Among the participants, 11.4% were in the vegan/vegetarian group, and about 43.1% had vitamin B12 deficiency. After analyzing the PHQ-9, GAD-7 and ISI total scores, higher scores were reported in participants with vitamin B12 deficiency, compared to individuals with normal vitamin B12 serum levels (p < 0.001). Regarding the diet type, vegans/vegetarians were more susceptible to developing depression compared to omnivores (mean scores of 11.92 vs 8.02 on the PHQ-9 scale, respectively, with p < 0.001). Of the patients with vitamin B12 deficiency, 81.1% reported having paresthesia compared to 43.7% of individuals with no vitamin B12 deficiency (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Vitamin B12 deficiency in Lebanon is notably high and is linked to an increased risk of developing depression, generalized anxiety disorder, insomnia, and paresthesia. Vegans/vegetarians exhibit a higher susceptibility to developing depression compared to omnivores, whereas the risk of developing insomnia, generalized anxiety disorder and paresthesia was statistically insignificant when comparing vegans/vegetarians to omnivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Al Jassem
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Karim Kheir
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali Ismail
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Linda Abou-Abbas
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Alaa Masri
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Celine Haddad
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Khalil Nasrallah
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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15
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Berger MM, Shenkin A, Dizdar OS, Amrein K, Augsburger M, Biesalski HK, Bischoff SC, Casaer MP, Gundogan K, Lepp HL, de Man AME, Muscogiuri G, Pietka M, Pironi L, Rezzi S, Schweinlin A, Cuerda C. ESPEN practical short micronutrient guideline. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:825-857. [PMID: 38350290 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trace elements and vitamins, named together micronutrients (MNs), are essential for human metabolism. The importance of MNs in common pathologies is recognized by recent research, with deficiencies significantly impacting the outcome. OBJECTIVE This short version of the guideline aims to provide practical recommendations for clinical practice. METHODS An extensive search of the literature was conducted in the databases Medline, PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and CINAHL for the initial guideline. The search focused on physiological data, historical evidence (for papers published before PubMed release in 1996), and observational and/or randomized trials. For each MN, the main functions, optimal analytical methods, impact of inflammation, potential toxicity, and provision during enteral or parenteral nutrition were addressed. The SOP wording was applied for strength of recommendations. RESULTS The limited number of interventional trials prevented meta-analysis and led to a low level of evidence for most recommendations. The recommendations underwent a consensus process, which resulted in a percentage of agreement (%): strong consensus required of >90 % of votes. Altogether the guideline proposes 3 general recommendations and specific recommendations for the 26 MNs. Monitoring and management strategies are proposed. CONCLUSION This short version of the MN guideline should facilitate handling of the MNs in at-risk diseases, whilst offering practical advice on MN provision and monitoring during nutritional support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette M Berger
- Faculty of Biology & Medicine, Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Alan Shenkin
- Institute of Aging and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Oguzhan Sıtkı Dizdar
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Unit, University of Health Sciences Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Karin Amrein
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Austria.
| | - Marc Augsburger
- University Centre of Legal Medicine Lausanne-Geneva, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Lausanne-Geneva, Switzerland.
| | | | - Stephan C Bischoff
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Michael P Casaer
- KU Leuven, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kursat Gundogan
- Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | | | - Angélique M E de Man
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Research VUmc Intensive Care (REVIVE), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science (ACS), Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute (AI&II), Amsterdam Medical Data Science (AMDS), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università di Napoli (Federico II), Naples, Italy; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Chair for Health Education and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
| | - Magdalena Pietka
- Pharmacy Department, Stanley Dudrick's Memorial Hospital, Skawina, Poland.
| | - Loris Pironi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy; Centre for Chronic Intestinal Failure, IRCCS AOUBO, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Serge Rezzi
- Swiss Nutrition and Health Foundation, Epalinges, Switzerland.
| | - Anna Schweinlin
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Cristina Cuerda
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Nutrition Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
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Zidan S, Hilary S, Al Dhaheri AS, Cheikh Ismail L, Ali HI, Apostolopoulos V, Stojanovska L. Could psychobiotics and fermented foods improve mood in middle-aged and older women? Maturitas 2024; 181:107903. [PMID: 38157685 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.107903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Menopause is a natural physiological phase during which women experience dramatic hormonal fluctuations. These lead to many symptoms, such as depression and anxiety, which, in turn, can negatively affect quality of life. Proper nutrition has an influential role in alleviating depression as well as anxiety. It is well known that gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the development of mood disorder. There is mounting evidence that modulating the gut-brain axis may aid in improving mood swings. In this context, this narrative review summarizes recent findings on how aging changes the composition of the gut microbiota and on the association between gut microbiota and mood disorders. In addition, it evaluates the effectiveness of psychobiotics and fermented foods in treating mood swings in middle-aged and older women. A search was done using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, and thirteen recent articles are included in this review. It is evident that psychobiotic supplementation and fermented foods can improve mood swings via several routes. However, these conclusions are based on only a few studies in middle-aged and older women. Therefore, long-term, well-designed randomized controlled trials are required to fully evaluate whether psychobiotics and fermented foods can be used to treat mood swings in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souzan Zidan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Serene Hilary
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayesha S Al Dhaheri
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Habiba I Ali
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; Immunology Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Lily Stojanovska
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
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Sathienluckana T, Palapinyo S, Yotsombut K, Wanothayaroj E, Sithinamsuwan P, Suksomboon N. Expert consensus guidelines for community pharmacists in the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy with a combination of neurotropic B vitamins. J Pharm Policy Pract 2024; 17:2306866. [PMID: 38333576 PMCID: PMC10851824 DOI: 10.1080/20523211.2024.2306866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This consensus guidance is for community pharmacists in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) management with a combination of neurotropic B vitamins. A multidisciplinary team including endocrinology, neurology, and pharmacy from Thailand discussed and aligned the practical scheme of DPN management in the community pharmacy setting, using the literature review and having face-to-face meeting. Five major statements have been endorsed as consensus recommendations for DPN care with strong acknowledgment. The aims of DPN management included reducing symptoms and the risk of complications, minimising adverse reactions from treatment regimens, and improving patients' knowledge and adherence to the treatment strategies. An initial screening process using a 7 items interview of Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) questionnaire should be implemented to identify patients at risk of developing DPN. Subsequently, pharmacologic, and non-pharmacologic treatment should be employed based on patient-centered care. An interesting approach is combination of neurotropic B vitamins, which may be used as monotherapy or combination therapy to control DPN symptoms. The combined therapy potentially exhibits a synergistic effect and improves patient adherence. The consensus would be further considered in context of harmonisation of routine practice and country requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sirinoot Palapinyo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kitiyot Yotsombut
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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García-Maldonado E, Zapatera B, Alcorta A, Vaquero MP. A microalgae docosahexaenoic acid supplement does not modify the influence of sex and diet on iron status in Spanish vegetarians or omnivores: A randomized placebo-controlled crossover study. Nutrition 2024; 118:112282. [PMID: 38042044 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plant-based diets are accepted as healthy, provided that are well-planned and include supplements. In this context, iron deficiency is a threat, and data from Spanish vegetarians are scarce. The aim of this study was to determine if a microalgae ω-3 supplement rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) affected iron status in this population. METHODS Iron biomarkers and nutrient intake (72-h dietary records) were analyzed in 204 usual consumers of lacto-ovo vegetarian (LOV), vegan (VEG), or omnivorous (OMN) diets. A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial was performed in a subgroup (n = 98) to test if a microalgae DHA supplement (250 mg/d for 5 wk) changed iron status. RESULTS Iron intake was higher in vegetarians than omnivores (P= 0.002), fiber intake was highest in vegans followed by lacto-ovo vegetarians and omnivores, whereas calcium intake was lower in vegans than both lacto-ovo vegetarians and omnivores (all P < 0.001). Women, regardless of diet type, showed lower iron status than men. Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and serum ferritin were lower in lacto-ovo vegetarians and vegans than omnivores. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was low (<10%), but iron depletion (ferritin <15 ng/mL) was higher in lacto-ovo vegetarians than omnivores (P = 0.003). Iron biomarkers were similar in lacto-ovo vegetarians and vegans. The DHA supplementation did not change iron status compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS Spanish vegetarians had lower iron status than omnivores. Consumption of eggs and dairy products increased the risk for iron deficiency, but a microalgae DHA supplement had no effect. Dietary strategies to increase iron bioavailability in vegetarians, particularly in lacto-ovo vegetarians and women, are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena García-Maldonado
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bélen Zapatera
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandra Alcorta
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Pilar Vaquero
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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Delgas F, Bitsch L, König LM, Beitze DE, Scherbaum V, Podszun MC. Dietary supplement use among lactating mothers following different dietary patterns - an online survey. Matern Health Neonatol Perinatol 2024; 10:3. [PMID: 38297389 PMCID: PMC10832081 DOI: 10.1186/s40748-023-00171-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breastfeeding is important for the healthy growth and development of newborns, and the nutrient composition of human milk can be affected by maternal nutrition and supplementation. In Germany, iodine supplementation is recommended for all lactating mothers, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation is recommended for mothers with inadequate or no fish intake. Vitamin B12 supplementation is required for strict vegans during lactation, and other nutrient supplementation may be necessary depending on the individual's nutritional status. To address the lack of data on dietary supplements used by lactating mothers following a vegetarian or vegan diet, an online survey was conducted in Germany, with a focus on iodine, DHA, and vitamin B12. METHODS Study participants were asked to report whether they followed specific dietary patterns (omnivorous [OM], vegetarian [VT], vegan [VN]) as well as their use of dietary supplements. Relationships between diets and supplement use were analyzed using chi-square tests. RESULTS 2054 lactating women were included (1240 OM, 410 VT, and 404 VN) in this analysis. Within OM, VT and VN, at least one dietary supplement was taken by 67.3%, 84.9% and 98.0% respectively (p < 0.001). Overall, 53.2% OM, 66.8% VT, 88.4% VN reported taking at least one supplement containing iodine (p < 0.001). 54.6% OM, 61.7% VT and 58.2% VN reported supplements containing vitamin B12, while 34.1% OM, 40.2% VT and 38.6% VN mentioned supplements containing DHA (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION More than half of the participants reported the use of supplements during lactation with the highest proportion in vegans. However, over one third of the mothers did not report supplementing with iodine, regardless of their dietary pattern and most participants also did not report DHA supplements. It is worrisome that a high number of vegans did not report vitamin B12 supplementation, but this could be partly due to issues with reporting. It is crucial to provide further education to breastfeeding mothers about the importance of taking micronutrient supplements, especially for those following a vegetarian or vegan diet. This will help ensure that mothers and their breastfed infants receive optimal nutrition for a healthy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Delgas
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr.12, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Lisa Bitsch
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr.12, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Laura Maria König
- Faculty of Life Sciences: Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Veronika Scherbaum
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Maren C Podszun
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr.12, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Świątek M, Antosik A, Kochanowska D, Jeżowski P, Smarzyński K, Tomczak A, Kowalczewski PŁ. The potential for the use of leghemoglobin and plant ferritin as sources of iron. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220805. [PMID: 38152583 PMCID: PMC10751998 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential component for the body, but it is also a major cause for the development of many diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and autoimmune diseases. It has been suggested that a diet rich in meat products, especially red meat and highly processed products, constitute a nutritional model that increases the risk of developing. In this context, it is indicated that people on an elimination diet (vegetarians and vegans) may be at risk of deficiencies in iron, because this micronutrient is found mainly in foods of animal origin and has lower bioavailability in plant foods. This article reviews the knowledge on the use of leghemoglobin and plant ferritin as sources of iron and discusses their potential for use in vegetarian and vegan diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Świątek
- Ekosystem-Nature’s Heritage Association, Institute of Microbial Technologies, Al. NSZZ Solidarność 9, 62-700Turek, Poland
| | - Adrianna Antosik
- Ekosystem-Nature’s Heritage Association, Institute of Microbial Technologies, Al. NSZZ Solidarność 9, 62-700Turek, Poland
| | - Dominika Kochanowska
- Ekosystem-Nature’s Heritage Association, Institute of Microbial Technologies, Al. NSZZ Solidarność 9, 62-700Turek, Poland
| | - Paweł Jeżowski
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznan University of Technology, 4 Berdychowo St., 60-965Poznań, Poland
- InnPlantFood Research Group, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Smarzyński
- InnPlantFood Research Group, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624Poznań, Poland
| | - Aneta Tomczak
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 48 Mazowiecka St., 60-623Poznań, Poland
| | - Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski
- InnPlantFood Research Group, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624Poznań, Poland
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624Poznań, Poland
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21
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Bontempi C, Jacquot L, Brand G. Diet and odor hedonic ratings: comparative study between vegetarians, flexitarians, and omnivores. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:1232-1242. [PMID: 36384439 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2145425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Odor hedonic perception is well known to exhibit great variability and to depend on several parameters, i.e. stimulus, context, and subject characteristics. As hedonic perception (pleasant/unpleasant character) of food odors is considered one of the most prominent dimensions in eating behavior, the question of hedonic variability in this context arises. Thus, the aim of the present study was to compare odor hedonic ratings in three populations with regard to diet (i.e. omnivore, vegetarian, and flexitarian diets). METHODS Four categories of odors were compared: meat, vegetable, other food, and non-food odors. RESULTS The results showed that vegetarian and flexitarian individuals rated meat odors as more unpleasant than omnivores, while no significant difference was found for other categories of odors. DISCUSSION The question of whether the diet influences the hedonic perception or/and inversely is discussed, regarding several aspects of food consumption such as eating disorders, food education, … and could further serve to manage eating behaviors. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS This study evidenced that vegetarians and flexitarians specifically rated meat odors as being more unpleasant than those of omnivores. Because of the growing number of vegetarians and flexitarians in the general population, it could be suggested to take into account the odor hedonic perception (especially regarding food odors) in studies related to diets. Besides, the present results could further serve research in several aspects of food consumption such as eating disorders (anorexia, bulimia … etc.) or food education as well as the management of eating behaviors, especially in an elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bontempi
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive - UR481, University of Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Laurence Jacquot
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive - UR481, University of Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Gérard Brand
- CSGA Centre des Sciences du Gout et de l'Alimentation, University of Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
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22
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Eveleigh E, Coneyworth L, Craigon J, Welham S. Adoption of a Short-Term (4-Week) Vegan Diet as Part of 'Veganuary' Significantly Reduces Saturated Fatty Acid (SFA), Cholesterol, B12, and Iodine Intake in Omnivorous Individuals-An Observational Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4967. [PMID: 38068825 PMCID: PMC10708059 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Global veganism campaigns like 'Veganuary' have gained popularity. We conducted an observational study to assess the impact of a 4-week vegan diet during 'Veganuary' on nutrient intake, status, knowledge, and motivations for veganism. Data were collected before and after 'Veganuary', using Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs) to estimate dietary intake. Micronutrient knowledge and motivation were assessed through questionnaires. A total of 154 UK adults aged 18-60 years (2019: n81; 2020: n73) participated. Groups were vegetarians and omnivores committed to a 4-week vegan diet during 'Veganuary'. Control groups were vegans and omnivores who did not transition. Short-term vegan diets significantly decreased intake of iodine, B12, cholesterol, and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in omnivores. Micronutrient knowledge was low, and motivation for veganism varied. Short-term vegan diets reduce macro- and micronutrient intake in omnivores. Veganuary participants could benefit from nutritional guidance or supplementation. Attention is required for UK micronutrient intake and knowledge. Motivations for vegan pledges may influence diets, warranting further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Eveleigh
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK; (E.E.); (L.C.)
| | - Lisa Coneyworth
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK; (E.E.); (L.C.)
| | - Jim Craigon
- School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK;
| | - Simon Welham
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK; (E.E.); (L.C.)
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23
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Wolffenbuttel BH, Owen PJ, Ward M, Green R. Vitamin B 12. BMJ 2023; 383:e071725. [PMID: 37984968 PMCID: PMC10658777 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2022-071725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - P Julian Owen
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Addenbrooke's, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mary Ward
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland
| | - Ralph Green
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Chouraqui JP. Vegetarian diets and diets which restrict animal-source foods during childhood in high-income countries. Paediatr Int Child Health 2023; 43:57-82. [PMID: 37649436 DOI: 10.1080/20469047.2023.2245186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Increasing numbers of populations in the West are restricting their intake of meat and other animal products for reasons relating to health or ethics; in many countries, these restrictions are already common for cultural, religious, or socio-economic reasons. By following their parent's diet, children are exposed in parallel. This narrative review aims at assessing current data regarding vegetarian diets in children from birth to 18 years of age, which include, by increasing degree of restriction, flexitarian, lacto-ovo-vegetarian, lacto-vegetarian, pescatarian, vegan and macrobiotic diets. The 202 references include 45 studies in children. The more restrictive the diet and the younger the child, the greater the risk of nutritional deficiency. Of particular concern are vitamin B12, iron, zinc, calcium, n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, and protein and energy intake, especially in pregnant and nursing women, infants and young children. Providing an adequate lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet is relatively easy, whereas the maintenance of more restrictive diets may be challenging. The benefits and risks of vegetarian diets in adults are relatively well documented, but data for children are scarce. Vegan and macrobiotic diets should be discouraged in pregnant and lactating mothers as well as in young children, who, otherwise, should pay careful attention to ensuring nutritional adequacy, blood testing and appropriate supplementation. The health consequences of a chosen diet should be discussed with parents and adolescents to ensure the best possible adherence to advice and prescriptions. There is a need for well conducted studies in children but also for better knowledge of nutrition in healthcare professionals.Abbreviations: ALA: α-linolenic acid; ARA: arachidonic acid; ASF: animal source foods; BMC: bone mineral content; BMD: bone mineral density; DHA: docosahexaenoic acid; DRV: dietary reference value; EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid; FLD: flexitarian diet; LA: linoleic acid; LC-PUFA: long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids; LOVD: lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet; LVD: lacto-vegetarian diet; MAD: macrobiotic diet; OMD: omnivorous diet; PSF: plant-source foods; SFA: saturated fatty acids; VGD: vegetarian diets; VND: vegan diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Chouraqui
- Paediatric Division of Nutrition and Gastro-Enterology, Department of Paediatric, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital (CHUGA), Grenoble, France
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25
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Storz MA, Müller A, Niederreiter L, Zimmermann-Klemd AM, Suarez-Alvarez M, Kowarschik S, Strittmatter M, Schlachter E, Pasluosta C, Huber R, Hannibal L. A cross-sectional study of nutritional status in healthy, young, physically-active German omnivores, vegetarians and vegans reveals adequate vitamin B 12 status in supplemented vegans. Ann Med 2023; 55:2269969. [PMID: 37851870 PMCID: PMC10586079 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2269969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Plant-based diets reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease but also increase the risk of certain micronutrient deficiencies, particularly, of vitamin B12 (B12). The extent to which the unsupervised use of oral nutrient supplements is sufficient to prevent these deficiencies is not well established. We analyzed nutrient intake, laboratory biomarkers, supplementation behavior, and B12 status adequacy amongst young, healthy, physically active omnivores, lacto-ovo-vegetarians and vegans from Germany. METHODS We recruited 115 participants (n = 40 omnivores; n = 37 lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and n = 38 vegans) with comparable age, sex, marital status, physical activity and educational levels through online advertisements and local newspapers in Freiburg, Germany. RESULTS Energy intake and macronutrient distribution were comparable across diets. Major differences included intake of fiber, cholesterol, and several vitamins. Vegans had the lowest intake of B12 from foods (0.43 (0.58) µg/d), compared to omnivores (2.14 (2.29) µg/d) and lacto-ovo-vegetarians (0.98 (1.34) µg/day). Multivariate analysis of 36 blood biomarkers revealed that three major classes of biomarkers contributed the most to the clustering of individuals by dietary group, namely, biomarkers of B12 status (B12, holoTC, Hcy), iron (iron, ferritin, transferrin) and lipid metabolism (vitamin A, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, TAG). This suggests that nutrients that modify the metabolic pathways represented by these biomarkers have the most penetrating effect on health status across diets. Analysis of B12 status (including 4cB12) revealed adequacy in omnivores and vegans, and a poorer B12 status amongst lacto-ovo-vegetarians. Fewer lacto-ovo-vegetarians used B12 supplements compared to vegans (51% versus 90%). CONCLUSIONS Even amongst homogeneously healthy Germans, each diet manifested with measurable differences in dietary intakes and biomarkers of health. Plant-based diets, in particular the vegan diet, exhibited the most favorable patterns of lipid metabolism and glycemic control, but the lowest food intake of B12. Supplementation of healthy vegans with B12 (median 250 µg B12/day, over 2 years) secured an adequate B12 status that was comparable to that of healthy omnivores.Clinical Trial Registry: German Clinical Trial register number: DRKS00027425.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Andreas Storz
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Müller
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Niederreiter
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Amy M. Zimmermann-Klemd
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Translational Complementary Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Suarez-Alvarez
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, University of Freiburg, , Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kowarschik
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Monique Strittmatter
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Evelyn Schlachter
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cristian Pasluosta
- Laboratory for Biomedical Microtechnology, Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roman Huber
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luciana Hannibal
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, University of Freiburg, , Freiburg, Germany
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26
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Ma’ali A, Naseef H, Qurt M, Abukhalil AD, Rabba AK, Sabri I. The Preparation and Evaluation of Cyanocobalamin Mucoadhesive Sublingual Tablets. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1412. [PMID: 37895883 PMCID: PMC10610133 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cobalamin (vitamin B12), an essential vitamin with low oral bioavailability, plays a vital role in cellular functions. This research aimed to enhance the absorption of vitamin B12 using sublingual mucoadhesive tablets by increasing the residence time of the drug at the administration site. This research involved the preparation of different 50 mg placebo formulas using different methods. Formulas with disintegration times less than one minute and appropriate physical characteristics were incorporated into 1 mg of cyanocobalamin (S1-S20) using the direct compression method. The tablets obtained were evaluated ex vivo for residence time, and only those remaining for >15 min were included. The final formulas (S5, S8, S11, and S20) were evaluated in several ways, including pre- and post-compression, drug content, mucoadhesive strength, dissolution, and Permeapad® permeation test employed in the Franz diffusion cell. After conducting the evaluation, formula S11 (Eudragit L100-55) emerged as the most favorable formulation. It exhibited a mucoadhesive residence time of 118.2 ± 2.89 min, required a detachment force of 26 ± 1 g, maintained a drug content of 99.124 ± 0.001699%, and achieved a 76.85% drug release over 22 h, fitting well with the Peppas-Sahlin kinetic model (R2: 0.9949). This suggests that the drug release process encompasses the Fickian and non-Fickian kinetic mechanisms. Furthermore, Eudragit L100-55 demonstrated the highest permeability, boasting a flux value of 6.387 ± 1.860 µg/h/cm2; over 6 h. These findings indicate that including this polymer in the formulation leads to an improved residence time, which positively impacts bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hani Naseef
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nursing and Health Professions, Birzeit University, Ramallah P.O. Box 14, Palestine; (A.M.); (M.Q.); (A.D.A.); (A.K.R.); (I.S.)
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27
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Lee H, Sim N, Fotouhi A, Daveluy S. Vegan Diet in Dermatology: A Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5800. [PMID: 37762741 PMCID: PMC10531971 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet is known to play a role in the development of skin disorders. While a vegan diet is frequently described as a risk factor for skin disease secondary to nutritional deficiency, this risk may be overestimated. This review aims to debunk myths and provide information on skin disorders and inflammatory skin conditions that have associations with specific nutritional deficiencies in the context of a vegan diet. A literature search was performed for each nutrient and inflammatory skin disease using the PubMed/MEDLINE database and public health website pages concerning a vegan diet. The literature has individual cases reporting skin disease due to deficiencies in vitamin B2 and vitamin A in patients following a vegan diet. The recommended daily amounts of nutrients and vitamins can be fulfilled on a vegan diet. Vegan diets also avoid food groups such as dairy and other animal-based products, which holds benefits in inflammatory skin diseases including acne, psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa, and atopic dermatitis. Overall, the risk of skin disease secondary to nutritional deficiency in patients following a vegan diet is very low and likely over-emphasized. A well-balanced and conscientiously planned vegan diet can adequately provide the necessary amounts of proteins, vitamins, and minerals to support skin health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Lee
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (H.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Nathan Sim
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (H.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Audrey Fotouhi
- Department of Dermatology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
| | - Steven Daveluy
- Department of Dermatology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
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28
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Flint M, Bowles S, Lynn A, Paxman JR. Novel plant-based meat alternatives: future opportunities and health considerations. Proc Nutr Soc 2023; 82:370-385. [PMID: 36603854 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Present food systems threaten population and environmental health. Evidence suggests reduced meat and increased plant-based food consumption would align with climate change and health promotion priorities. Accelerating this transition requires greater understanding of determinants of plant-based food choice. A thriving plant-based food industry has emerged to meet consumer demand and support dietary shift towards plant-based eating. 'Traditional' plant-based diets are low-energy density, nutrient dense, low in saturated fat and purportedly associated with health benefits. However, fast-paced contemporary lifestyles continue to fuel growing demand for meat-mimicking plant-based convenience foods which are typically ultra-processed. Processing can improve product safety and palatability and enable fortification and enrichment. However, deleterious health consequences have been associated with ultra-processing, though there is a paucity of equivocal evidence regarding the health value of novel plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) and their capacity to replicate the nutritional profile of meat-equivalents. Thus, despite the health halo often associated with plant-based eating, there is a strong rationale to improve consumer literacy of PBMAs. Understanding the impact of extensive processing on health effects may help to justify the use of innovative methods designed to maintain health benefits associated with particular foods and ingredients. Furthering knowledge regarding the nutritional value of novel PBMAs will increase consumer awareness and thus support informed choice. Finally, knowledge of factors influencing engagement of target consumer subgroups with such products may facilitate production of desirable, healthier PBMAs. Such evidence-based food manufacturing practice has the potential to positively influence future individual and planetary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Flint
- Food and Nutrition Subject Group, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Simon Bowles
- Food and Nutrition Subject Group, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Anthony Lynn
- Food and Nutrition Subject Group, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Jenny R Paxman
- Food and Nutrition Subject Group, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
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Ribeiro M, Maciel C, Cruz P, Darmancier H, Nogueira T, Costa M, Laranjeira J, Morais RMSC, Teixeira P. Exploiting Potential Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Chlorella vulgaris Photobioreactors as Promising Vitamin B12 Producers. Foods 2023; 12:3277. [PMID: 37685210 PMCID: PMC10486965 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been documented as potential vitamin B12 producers and may constitute an exogenous source of cobalamin for the microalga Chlorella vulgaris, which has been described as being able to perform vitamin uptake. Hence, there is an interest in discovering novel B12-producing probiotic LAB. Therefore, the purpose of the current work was to perform a phenotype-genotype analysis of the vitamin B12 biosynthesis capacity of LAB isolated from C. vulgaris bioreactors, and investigate their probiotic potential. Among the selected strains, Lactococcus lactis E32, Levilactobacillus brevis G31, and Pediococcus pentosaceus L51 demonstrated vitamin B12 biosynthesis capacity, with the latter producing the highest (28.19 ± 2.27 pg mL-1). The genomic analysis confirmed the presence of pivotal genes involved in different steps of the biosynthetic pathway (hemL, cbiT, cobC, and cobD). Notably, P. pentosaceus L51 was the only strain harboring cobA, pduU, and pduV genes, which may provide evidence for the presence of the cobalamin operon. All strains demonstrated the capability to withstand harsh gastrointestinal conditions, although P. pentosaceus L51 was more resilient. The potential for de novo cobalamin biosynthesis and remarkable probiotic features highlighted that P. pentosaceus L51 may be considered the most promising candidate strain for developing high-content vitamin B12 formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Ribeiro
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal (R.M.S.C.M.)
| | - Cláudia Maciel
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal (R.M.S.C.M.)
| | - Pedro Cruz
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal (R.M.S.C.M.)
| | - Helena Darmancier
- INIAV—Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Teresa Nogueira
- INIAV—Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal
- cE3c—Center for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Margarida Costa
- ALLMICROALGAE Natural Products S.A., R&D Department, Rua 25 de Abril s/n, 2445-413 Pataias, Portugal
| | - Joana Laranjeira
- ALLMICROALGAE Natural Products S.A., R&D Department, Rua 25 de Abril s/n, 2445-413 Pataias, Portugal
| | - Rui M. S. C. Morais
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal (R.M.S.C.M.)
| | - Paula Teixeira
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal (R.M.S.C.M.)
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30
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Wang Y, Shi P, Zhao C, Shi J, Qi Z, Xu S, Wang X, Su N, Gao Z, Zhu J, He M. Identification of the regulatory network and potential markers for type 2 diabetes mellitus related to internal exposure to metals in Chinese adults. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:6889-6902. [PMID: 36811699 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01504-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
People intake metals from their environment. This study investigated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) related to internal exposure to metals and attempted to identify possible biomarkers. A total of 734 Chinese adults were enrolled, and urinary levels of ten metals were measured. Multinomial logistic regression model was used to assess the association between metals and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and T2DM. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and protein-protein interaction were used to explore the pathogenesis of T2DM related to metals. After adjustment, lead (Pb) was positively associated with IFG (odds ratio [OR] 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.61) and T2DM (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.01-1.98), but cobalt was negatively associated with IFG (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34-0.95). Transcriptome analysis showed 69 target genes involved in the Pb-target network of T2DM. GO enrichment indicated that the target genes are enriched mainly in the biological process category. KEGG enrichment indicated that Pb exposure leads to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, lipid and atherosclerosis, and insulin resistance. Moreover, there is alteration of four key pathways, and six algorithms were used to identify 12 possible genes in T2DM related to Pb. SOD2 and ICAM1 show strong similarity in expression, suggesting a functional correlation between these key genes. This study reveals that SOD2 and ICAM1 may be potential targets of Pb exposure-induced T2DM and provides novel insight into the biological effects and underlying mechanism of T2DM related to internal exposure to metals in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Chenkai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhipeng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Senhao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Ni Su
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Zijian Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinghai Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Miao He
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
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Watson WP, Munter T, Golding BT. The effect of vitamin B 12 on DNA adduction by styrene oxide, a genotoxic xenobiotic. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110591. [PMID: 37302460 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin B12 (cyano- or hydroxo-cobalamin) acts, via its coenzymes, methyl- and adenosyl-cobalamin, as a partner for enzymatic reactions in humans catalysed by methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. As well as its association with pernicious anaemia, human B12 deficiency may also be a risk factor for neurological illnesses, heart disease and cancer. In the present work the effect of vitamin B12 (hydroxocobalamin) on the formation of DNA adducts by the epoxide phenyloxirane (styrene oxide), a genotoxic metabolite of phenylethene (styrene), has been studied using an in vitro model system. Styrene was converted to its major metabolite styrene oxide as a mixture of enantiomers using a microsomal fraction from the livers of Sprague-Dawley rats with concomitant inhibition of epoxide hydrolase. However, microsomal oxidation of styrene in the presence of vitamin B12 gave diastereoisomeric 2-hydroxy-2-phenylcobalamins. The quantitative formation of styrene oxide-DNA adducts was investigated using 2-deoxyguanosine or calf thymus DNA in the presence or absence of vitamin B12. Microsomal incubations containing either deoxyguanosine or DNA in the absence of vitamin B12 gave 2-amino-7-(2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)-1,7-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one [N7-(2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)-guanine], and 2-amino-7-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-1,7-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one [N7-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)guanine] as the principal adducts. With deoxyguanosine the level of formation of guanine adducts was ca. 150 adducts/106 unmodified nucleoside. With DNA the adduct level was 36 pmol/mg DNA (ca. 1 adduct/0.83 × 105 nucleotides). Styrene oxide adducts from deoxyguanosine or DNA were not detected in microsomal incubations of styrene in the presence of vitamin B12. These results suggest that vitamin B12 could protect DNA against genotoxicity due to styrene oxide and other xenobiotic metabolites. However, this potential defence mechanism requires that the 2-hydroxyalkylcobalamins derived from epoxides are not 'anti-vitamins' and ideally liberate, and therefore, recycle vitamin B12. Otherwise, depletion of vitamin B12 leading to human deficiency could increase the risk of carcinogenesis initiated by genotoxic epoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Watson
- Syngenta Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Cheshire, SK10 4TJ, UK
| | - Tony Munter
- Syngenta Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Cheshire, SK10 4TJ, UK
| | - Bernard T Golding
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences - Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
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32
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Zhang Q, Liu Y, He C, Zhu R, Li M, Lam HM, Wong WT. Nutritional Assessment of Plant-Based Meat Products Available on Hong Kong Market: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Nutrients 2023; 15:3684. [PMID: 37686716 PMCID: PMC10489762 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-based meat (PBM) takes up ever-increasing market shares and draws great attention from both customers and retailers these days. However, little is known about the nutritional quality of PBM products. OBJECTIVE This study intended to profile and evaluate the overview nutrition of PBM with equivalent meat products on the Hong Kong market. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 274 PBM and 151 meat products from 27 different brands on the Hong Kong market in October 2022. The nutritional differences between PBM and meat products were assessed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and two independent sample t-test. The nutritional quality of PBMs was evaluated according to nutrient reference value, front-of-package (FoP) criteria and nutritional score. RESULTS PBM had relatively lower energy density, total fat, saturated fat, protein, and salt compared to meat. According to the FoP criteria, 91.36%, 17.88%, and 99.34% of PBMs were labeled as medium to high in fat, salt, and sugar, respectively. Through ingredient analysis of 81 PBM products, soy and canola were the main source of protein and fat. CONCLUSIONS PBM products have a roughly better nutrient quality compared to muscle-based meat, though there is still potential for further refinement in terms of production, consumption, and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qile Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (Q.Z.); (C.H.); (R.Z.)
| | - Yilin Liu
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Chufeng He
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (Q.Z.); (C.H.); (R.Z.)
| | - Ruiwen Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (Q.Z.); (C.H.); (R.Z.)
| | - Minghui Li
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK;
| | - Hon-Ming Lam
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (Q.Z.); (C.H.); (R.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Tak Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (Q.Z.); (C.H.); (R.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Jedut P, Glibowski P, Skrzypek M. Comparison of the Health Status of Vegetarians and Omnivores Based on Biochemical Blood Tests, Body Composition Analysis and Quality of Nutrition. Nutrients 2023; 15:3038. [PMID: 37447364 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Many vegetarians are motivated by the health aspect of starting a plant-based diet. This diet can offer many health benefits. The study aimed to check whether people on a vegetarian diet are in good health, have a good nutritional intake, and follow the principles of healthy eating compared with omnivores. Twenty-two vegetarians on a vegetarian diet for more than five years and 22 omnivores aged 18-45 were interviewed. Each of them was given a food questionnaire, body composition analysis (BIA), and biochemical blood analysis, and their 7-day diet was analyzed. Polish vegetarians exhibit similar health statuses and tend towards better health than omnivores. They have an adequate body composition. Biochemical blood analysis showed no significant differences in blood parameters between vegetarians and omnivores, despite specific deficiencies such as vitamin B12, vitamin D and elevated homocysteine levels in vegetarians. They have a better nutritional status and follow good dietary principles. However, they were more likely to consume alcohol, add salt to their meals and sweeten hot drinks. In addition, the lifestyle of vegetarians can be described as healthier, as they are more likely to engage in leisure-time physical activity and get enough sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Jedut
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna St., 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Glibowski
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna St., 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Skrzypek
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Vincent Pol University in Lublin, 20-816 Lublin, Poland
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McClements IF, McClements DJ. Designing healthier plant-based foods: Fortification, digestion, and bioavailability. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112853. [PMID: 37254427 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Many consumers are incorporating more plant-based foods into their diets as a result of concerns about the environmental, ethical, and health impacts of animal sourced foods like meat, seafood, egg, and dairy products. Foods derived from animals negatively impact the environment by increasing greenhouse gas emissions, land use, water use, pollution, deforestation, and biodiversity loss. The livestock industry confines and slaughters billions of livestock animals each year. There are concerns about the negative impacts of some animal sourced foods, such as red meat and processed meat, on human health. The livestock industry is a major user of antibiotics, which is leading to a rise in the resistance of several pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotics. It is often assumed that a plant-based diet is healthier than one containing more animal sourced foods, but this is not necessarily the case. Eating more fresh fruits, vegetables, nuts, and whole grain cereals has been linked to improved health outcomes but it is unclear whether next-generation plant-based foods, such as meat, seafood, egg, and dairy analogs are healthier than the products they are designed to replace. Many of these new products are highly processed foods that contain high levels of saturated fat, sugar, starch, and salt, and low levels of micronutrients, nutraceuticals, and dietary fibers. Moreover, they are often rapidly digested in the gastrointestinal tract because processing disrupts plant tissues and releases the macronutrients. Consequently, it is important to formulate plant-based foods to reduce the levels of nutrients linked to adverse health effects and increase the levels linked to beneficial health effects. Moreover, it is important to design the food matrix so that the macronutrients are not digested and absorbed too quickly, but the micronutrients are highly bioavailable. In this article, we discuss how next-generation plant-based foods can be made healthier by controlling their nutrient profile, digestibility, and bioavailability.
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Hung M, Heinz J, Steiner JM, Suchodolski J, Lidbury J. Serum cobalamin and methylmalonic acid concentrations in juvenile dogs with parvoviral enteritis or other acute enteropathies. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:1368-1375. [PMID: 37191021 PMCID: PMC10365045 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low serum cobalamin concentrations have been associated with ileal malabsorption in dogs with chronic enteropathy. Increased serum methylmalonic acid (MMA) concentrations indicate cobalamin deficiency on a cellular level. Few studies have evaluated serum cobalamin concentrations or methylmalonic acid concentrations in juvenile dogs with parvoviral enteritis or nonparvoviral acute enteropathies. OBJECTIVES Evaluate serum cobalamin and methylmalonic acid concentrations in juvenile dogs (6 weeks to 10 months old) with parvoviral enteritis or nonparvoviral acute enteropathy. ANIMALS Thirty-one juvenile dogs with parvoviral enteritis, 29 dogs with nonparvoviral acute diarrhea (NPVAD), and 40 healthy juvenile control dogs. METHODS Single-center, prospective, observational, cross-sectional study. Serum cobalamin and, when sufficient serum was available, MMA concentrations were measured. RESULTS Most serum cobalamin concentrations were within the adult reference interval. Serum cobalamin concentrations in healthy dogs (median, 848 ng/L; range, 293-1912 ng/L) were significantly higher than in dogs with parvoviral enteritis (P = .0002; median, 463 ng/L; range, <150-10 000 ng/L) or dogs with NPVAD (P = .02; median, 528 ng/L; range, 160-8998 ng/L). Serum MMA concentrations were not significantly different between groups (healthy dogs: median, 796 nmol/L; range, 427-1933 nmol/L; parvoviral enteritis: median, 858 nmol/L; range, 554-3424 nmol/L; NPVAD: median, 764 nmol/L; range, 392-1222 nmol/L; P = .1). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Juvenile dogs with parvoviral enteritis or NPVAD had lower serum cobalamin concentrations than healthy juvenile dogs. However, based on serum MMA concentrations cellular cobalamin deficiency was not apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hung
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | - Justin Heinz
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | - Jӧrg M. Steiner
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | - Jan Suchodolski
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | - Jonathan Lidbury
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
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Bärebring L, Lamberg-Allardt C, Thorisdottir B, Ramel A, Söderlund F, Arnesen EK, Nwaru BI, Dierkes J, Åkesson A. Intake of vitamin B12 in relation to vitamin B12 status in groups susceptible to deficiency: a systematic review. Food Nutr Res 2023; 67:8626. [PMID: 37441514 PMCID: PMC10335093 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v67.8626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To systematically review the evidence for whether habitual or different levels of experimental intake of vitamin B12 from diet and supplements is sufficient to ensure adequate B12 status in groups most susceptible to vitamin B12 deficiency. Methods We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Scopus up to 21 May 2021, for intervention studies, prospective cohort studies and case-control studies assessing B12 intake from diet and/or supplements in relation to B12 status (s/p-B12, holotranscobalamin, methylmalonic acid, homocysteine or breastmilk B12). Cross-sectional studies were eligible for studies conducted during pregnancy and lactation. Included populations were children (0-18 years), young adults (18-35 years), pregnant or lactating women, older adults (≥65 years) and vegans or vegetarians. Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were conducted by two assessors independently. The evidence was synthesized qualitatively and classified according to the World Cancer Research Fund. Results The searches yielded 4855 articles of which 89 were assessed in full text and 18 included. Three studies were conducted during pregnancy and three during lactation or infancy - all observational. Eight studies were conducted among older adults; most were interventions among B12-deficient participants. Four studies were eligible for vegetarian and vegans, all interventions. The strength of evidence that habitual B12 intake or an intake in line with the current Nordic recommended intake (RI) is sufficient to ensure adequate status was considered Limited - no conclusion for all included populations. Conclusion Evidence is insufficient to assess if or which level of B12 intake is sufficient to maintain adequate status for all included populations. Population-based cohort studies and low-to-moderate dose interventions that address this question are highly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Bärebring
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Birna Thorisdottir
- Faculty of Sociology, Anthropology and Folkloristics and Health Science Institute, University of Iceland, Iceland
| | - Alfons Ramel
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Iceland
| | - Fredrik Söderlund
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, the Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | | | - Bright I. Nwaru
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jutta Dierkes
- Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, the Karolinska Institute, Sweden
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Halczuk K, Kaźmierczak-Barańska J, Karwowski BT, Karmańska A, Cieślak M. Vitamin B12-Multifaceted In Vivo Functions and In Vitro Applications. Nutrients 2023; 15:2734. [PMID: 37375638 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 plays a key role in DNA stability. Research indicates that vitamin B12 deficiency leads to indirect DNA damage, and vitamin B12 supplementation may reverse this effect. Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor for enzymes such as methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, which are involved in DNA methylation and nucleotide synthesis. These processes are essential for DNA replication and transcription, and any impairment can result in genetic instability. In addition, vitamin B12 has antioxidant properties that help protect DNA from damage caused by reactive oxygen species. This protection is achieved by scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress. In addition to their protective functions, cobalamins can also generate DNA-damaging radicals in vitro that can be useful in scientific research. Research is also being conducted on the use of vitamin B12 in medicine as vectors for xenobiotics. In summary, vitamin B12 is an essential micronutrient that plays a vital role in DNA stability. It acts as a cofactor for enzymes involved in the synthesis of nucleotides, has antioxidant properties and has potential value as a generator of DNA-damaging radicals and drug transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Halczuk
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Julia Kaźmierczak-Barańska
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Bolesław T Karwowski
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Karmańska
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Cieślak
- Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
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Subali D, Christos RE, Givianty VT, Ranti AV, Kartawidjajaputra F, Antono L, Dijaya R, Taslim NA, Rizzo G, Nurkolis F. Soy-Based Tempeh Rich in Paraprobiotics Properties as Functional Sports Food: More Than a Protein Source. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112599. [PMID: 37299562 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, there has been no recent opinion that explores tempeh as a functional food that can improve sports performance. Hence, this opinion article aims to elaborate on recent findings on the potential effect on sports performance of soy-based tempeh. This opinion paper presents updated evidence based on literature reviews about soy-based tempeh and its relationship with sports performance. The paraprobiotic role of Lactobacillus gasseri for athletes has been found to restore fatigue and reduce anxiety. This is achieved by increasing protein synthesis activity in eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (EIF2) signaling known as an adaptive pathway for integrated stress response. In addition, these paraprobiotics prevent down-regulation associated with the oxidative phosphorylation gene, thereby contributing to the maintenance of mitochondrial function and recovery from fatigue. The authors believe that this opinion article will encourage researchers to continue to evolve soybean-based tempeh food products and increase the performance of athletes by consuming soy-based foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionysius Subali
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia
| | - Revelo Eved Christos
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia
| | - Vasya Theodora Givianty
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia
| | - Alberta Valencia Ranti
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia
| | - Felicia Kartawidjajaputra
- Health and Nutrition Science Department, Nutrifood Research Center, PT Nutrifood Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia
| | - Lina Antono
- Health and Nutrition Science Department, Nutrifood Research Center, PT Nutrifood Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia
| | - Rendy Dijaya
- Health and Nutrition Science Department, Nutrifood Research Center, PT Nutrifood Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia
| | - Nurpudji Astuti Taslim
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Gianluca Rizzo
- Independent Researcher, Via Venezuela 66, 98121 Messina, Italy
| | - Fahrul Nurkolis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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Zielińska M, Łuszczki E, Dereń K. Dietary Nutrient Deficiencies and Risk of Depression (Review Article 2018-2023). Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112433. [PMID: 37299394 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is classified as one of the most common mental disorders. Its prevalence has recently increased, becoming a growing public health threat. This review focuses on clarifying the role and importance of individual nutrients in the diet and the impact of nutrient deficiencies on the risk of depression. Deficiencies in nutrients such as protein, B vitamins, vitamin D, magnesium, zinc, selenium, iron, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids have a significant impact on brain and nervous system function, which can affect the appearance of depressive symptoms. However, it is important to remember that diet in itself is not the only factor influencing the risk of or helping to treat depression. There are many other aspects, such as physical activity, sleep, stress management, and social support, that also play an important role in maintaining mental health. The data review observed that most of the available analyses are based on cross-sectional studies. Further studies, including prospective cohort, case-control studies, are recommended to draw more reliable conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zielińska
- Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Edyta Łuszczki
- Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dereń
- Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
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Musa M, Zeppieri M, Atuanya GN, Enaholo ES, Topah EK, Ojo OM, Salati C. Nutritional Factors: Benefits in Glaucoma and Ophthalmologic Pathologies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051120. [PMID: 37240765 DOI: 10.3390/life13051120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a chronic optic neuropathy that can lead to irreversible functional and morphological damage if left untreated. The gold standard therapeutic approaches in managing patients with glaucoma and limiting progression include local drops, laser, and/or surgery, which are all geared at reducing intraocular pressure (IOP). Nutrients, antioxidants, vitamins, organic compounds, and micronutrients have been gaining increasing interest in the past decade as integrative IOP-independent strategies to delay or halt glaucomatous retinal ganglion cell degeneration. In our minireview, we examine the various nutrients and compounds proposed in the current literature for the management of ophthalmology diseases, especially for glaucoma. With respect to each substance considered, this minireview reports the molecular and biological characteristics, neuroprotective activities, antioxidant properties, beneficial mechanisms, and clinical studies published in the past decade in the field of general medicine. This study highlights the potential benefits of these substances in glaucoma and other ophthalmologic pathologies. Nutritional supplementation can thus be useful as integrative IOP-independent strategies in the management of glaucoma and in other ophthalmologic pathologies. Large multicenter clinical trials based on functional and morphologic data collected over long follow-up periods in patients with IOP-independent treatments can pave the way for alternative and/or coadjutant therapeutic options in the management of glaucoma and other ocular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutali Musa
- Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | | | | | - Efioshiomoshi Kings Topah
- Department of Optometry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences Bayero University, Kano 700006, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwasola Michael Ojo
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin 240003, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Carlo Salati
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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Chouraqui JP. Risk Assessment of Micronutrients Deficiency in Vegetarian or Vegan Children: Not So Obvious. Nutrients 2023; 15:2129. [PMID: 37432244 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vegetarian diets have gained in popularity worldwide and therefore an increasing number of children may be exposed to the resulting nutritional consequences. Among them, the risk of micronutrient shortfall is particularly of concern. This narrative review aims to assess and discuss the relevance of micronutrient deficiency risk based on the available data. It mainly draws attention to iron, zinc, iodine, and vitamins B12 and D intake. Diets that are more restrictive in animal source foods, such as vegan diets, have a greater likelihood of nutritional deficiencies. However, the actual risk of micronutrient deficiency in vegetarian children is relatively difficult to assert based on the limitations of evidence due to the lack of well-designed studies. The risk of vitamin B12 deficiency must be considered in newborns from vegan or macrobiotic mothers and children with the most restrictive diet, as well as the risk of iron, zinc, and iodine deficiency, possibly by performing the appropriate tests. A lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet exposes a low risk if it uses a very varied diet with a sufficient intake of dairy products. Vegan and macrobiotic diets should be avoided during pregnancy and childhood. There is a need for education and nutrition guidance and the need for supplementation should be assessed individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Chouraqui
- Paediatric Nutrition and Gastroenterology, Paediatrics Department, University Hospital of Grenoble-Alpes (CHUGA), Quai Yermoloff, 38700 La Tronche, France
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Ureta-Velasco N, Keller K, Escuder-Vieco D, Fontecha J, Calvo MV, Megino-Tello J, Serrano JCE, Romero Ferreiro C, García-Lara NR, Pallás-Alonso CR. Human Milk Composition and Nutritional Status of Omnivore Human Milk Donors Compared with Vegetarian/Vegan Lactating Mothers. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081855. [PMID: 37111074 PMCID: PMC10146700 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Women of childbearing age in Western societies are increasingly adopting vegetarian diets. These women are sometimes rejected as milk donors, but little about the composition of their milk is known. The present study aimed to compare the intake, nutritional status, and nutritional composition of human milk from omnivore human milk donors (Donors) and vegetarian/vegan lactating mothers (Veg). Milk, blood, and urine samples from 92 Donors and 20 Veg were used to determine their fatty acid profiles, as well as vitamins and minerals. In a representative sample of both groups, we also determined the lipid class profile as a distribution of neutral and polar lipids, the molecular species of triacylglycerols, and the relative composition of phospholipids in their milk. A dietary assessment was conducted with a five-day dietary record (while considering the intake of supplements). We highlight the following results, expressed as the mean (SE), for the Veg vs. Donors: (1) Their docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake was 0.11 (0.03) vs. 0.38 (0.03) g/day; the plasma DHA was 0.37 (0.07) vs. 0.83 (0.06)%; and the milk DHA was 0.15 (0.04) vs. 0.33 (0.02)%. (2) Their milk B12 levels were 545.69 (20.49) vs. 482.89 (4.11) pM; 85% of the Veg reported taking B12 supplements (mean dose: 312.1 mcg/day); and the Veg group showed no differences with Donors in terms of total daily intake or plasma B12. (3) Their milk phosphatidylcholine levels were 26.88 (0.67) vs. 30.55 (1.10)%. (4) Their milk iodine levels were 126.42 (13.37) vs. 159.22 (5.13) mcg/L. In conclusion, the Vegs' milk was shown to be different from the Donors' milk, mainly due to its low DHA content, which is concerning. However, raising awareness and ensuring proper supplementation could bridge this gap, as has already been achieved for cobalamin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Ureta-Velasco
- Department of Neonatology, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Kristin Keller
- "Aladina-MGU"-Regional Human Milk Bank, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Escuder-Vieco
- "Aladina-MGU"-Regional Human Milk Bank, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Fontecha
- Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María V Calvo
- Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Megino-Tello
- Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José C E Serrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, 25008 Lleida, Spain
| | - Carmen Romero Ferreiro
- Scientific Support Unit, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nadia Raquel García-Lara
- Department of Neonatology, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- "Aladina-MGU"-Regional Human Milk Bank, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen R Pallás-Alonso
- Department of Neonatology, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
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Kumar R, Singh U, Tiwari A, Tiwari P, Sahu JK, Sharma S. Vitamin B12: Strategies for enhanced production, fortified functional food products and health benefits. Process Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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44
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Niklewicz A, Smith AD, Smith A, Holzer A, Klein A, McCaddon A, Molloy AM, Wolffenbuttel BHR, Nexo E, McNulty H, Refsum H, Gueant JL, Dib MJ, Ward M, Murphy M, Green R, Ahmadi KR, Hannibal L, Warren MJ, Owen PJ. The importance of vitamin B 12 for individuals choosing plant-based diets. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1551-1559. [PMID: 36469110 PMCID: PMC10030528 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient that is not made by plants; consequently, unfortified plant-based foods are not a reliable supply. Recent estimates suggest high rates of vitamin B12 deficiency among the vegetarian and vegan populations, particularly in pregnant women or women of child-bearing age who, for ethical and health reasons, are shifting towards higher consumption of plant-based foods in ever-increasing numbers. Vitamin B12 plays crucial metabolic roles across the life-course and in particular during pregnancy and in early development (first 1000 days of life). Evidence now implicates vitamin B12 deficiency with increased risk to a range of neuro, vascular, immune, and inflammatory disorders. However, the current UK recommended nutrient intake for vitamin B12 does not adequately consider the vitamin B12 deficit for those choosing a plant-based diet, including vegetarianism and in particular veganism, representing a hidden hunger. We provide a cautionary note on the importance of preventing vitamin B12 deficits for those individuals choosing a plant-based diet and the health professionals advising them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Niklewicz
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - A David Smith
- OPTIMA, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alison Smith
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Andre Holzer
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Andrew Klein
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew McCaddon
- Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Wrexham Glyndwr University, Wrexham, UK
| | - Anne M Molloy
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, HPC AA31, P.O. Box 30001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ebba Nexo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Helene McNulty
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Helga Refsum
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jean-Louis Gueant
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, University Regional Hospital of Nancy, and Inserm UMRS 1256 N-GERE (Nutrition-Genetics-Environmental Risks)-University of Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Marie-Joe Dib
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Mary Ward
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Michelle Murphy
- Facultat de Medicina I Ciències de La Salut, Unitat de Medicina Preventiva I Salut Pública, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, IISPV, CIBEROBN, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ralph Green
- School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kourosh R Ahmadi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Luciana Hannibal
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Martin J Warren
- Norwich Research Park, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - P Julian Owen
- Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon, Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Addenbrooke's, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
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Phan A, Hage M, Zaharia R, Vigan M, Coursault S, Wilson S, Gabali E, Foussier L, Vychnevskaia K, Raffin-Sanson ML, Bretault M. Nutritional Status of Vegetarian Patients Before and After Bariatric Surgery: a Monocentric Retrospective Observational Case-Control Study. Obes Surg 2023; 33:1356-1365. [PMID: 36991254 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06538-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The obesity pandemic is associated with an increasing number of bariatric surgeries which allow improvement in obesity-related comorbidities and life expectancy but potentially induce nutritional deficiencies. Vegetarianism becomes more and more popular and exposes as well to vitamin and micronutrient deficiencies. Only one study has explored the impact of vegetarianism on the preoperative nutritional status of eligible patients for bariatric surgery, but none in postoperative care. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective case-control study in our cohort of bariatric patients, matching 5 omnivores for each vegetarian. We compared their biological profile regarding vitamin and micronutrient blood levels before and 3, 6, 12, and 30 months after surgery. RESULTS We included 7 vegetarians including 4 lacto-ovo-vegetarians (57%), 2 lacto-vegetarians (29%), and one lacto-ovo-pesco-vegetarian (14%). Three years after surgery with equivalent daily standard vitamin supplementation, the two groups showed a similar biological profile including blood levels of ferritin (p = 0.6), vitamin B1 (p = 0.1), and B12 (p = 0.7), while the total median weight loss at 3 years was comparable (39.1% [27.0-46.6] in vegetarians vs 35.7% [10.5-46.5] in omnivores, p = 0.8). We observed no significant difference between vegetarians and omnivores before surgery regarding comorbidities and nutritional status. CONCLUSION It seems that, after bariatric surgery, vegetarian patients taking a standard vitamin supplementation do not show an increased risk of nutritional deficiencies compared to omnivores. However, a larger study with a longer follow-up is needed to confirm these data, including an evaluation of different types of vegetarianism such as veganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Phan
- Department of Nutrition, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Mirella Hage
- Department of Endocrinology-Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, EA4340 Research Unit, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, University Paris-Saclay, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Ramona Zaharia
- Department of Endocrinology-Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, EA4340 Research Unit, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, University Paris-Saclay, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Marie Vigan
- Clinical Research Unit, AP-HP, Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Ambroise Pare, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Séverine Coursault
- Department of Endocrinology-Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, EA4340 Research Unit, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, University Paris-Saclay, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Sandy Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology-Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, EA4340 Research Unit, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, University Paris-Saclay, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Elodie Gabali
- Department of Endocrinology-Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, EA4340 Research Unit, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, University Paris-Saclay, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Loic Foussier
- Department of Endocrinology-Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, EA4340 Research Unit, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, University Paris-Saclay, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Karina Vychnevskaia
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Marie-Laure Raffin-Sanson
- Department of Endocrinology-Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, EA4340 Research Unit, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, University Paris-Saclay, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Marion Bretault
- Department of Endocrinology-Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Hospital, AP-HP, EA4340 Research Unit, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, University Paris-Saclay, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
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Calvillo Á, Pellicer T, Carnicer M, Planas A. Developing a single-stage continuous process strategy for vitamin B 12 production with Propionibacterium freudenreichii. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:26. [PMID: 36759843 PMCID: PMC9912679 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin B12 is a widely used compound in the feed and food, healthcare and medical industries that can only be produced by fermentation because of the complexity of its chemical synthesis. Besides, the use of Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) and Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS) microorganisms, like Propionibacterium freudenreichii, especially non-GMO wild-type producers, are becoming an interesting alternative in markets where many final consumers have high health and ecological awareness. In this study, the production of vitamin B12 using the Propionibacterium freudenreichii NBRC 12391 wild-type strain was characterized and optimized in shake flasks before assessing several scale-up strategies. RESULTS Initial results established that: (i) agitation during the early stages of the culture had an inhibitory effect on the volumetric production, (ii) 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (DMBI) addition was necessary for vitamin B12 production, and (iii) kinetics of vitamin B12 accumulation were dependent on the induction time when DMBI was added. When scaling up in a bioreactor, both batch and fed-batch bioprocesses proved unsuitable for obtaining high volumetric productivities mainly due to carbon source limitation and propionic acid inhibition, respectively. To overcome these drawbacks, an anaerobic single-phase continuous bioprocess strategy was developed. This culture strategy was maintained stable during more than 5 residence times in two independent cultures, resulting in 5.7-fold increase in terms of volumetric productivity compared to other scale-up strategies. CONCLUSION Overall, compared to previously reported strategies aimed to reduce propionic acid inhibition, a less complex anaerobic single-phase continuous and more scalable bioprocess was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Calvillo
- grid.6162.30000 0001 2174 6723Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, University Ramon Llull, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Marc Carnicer
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, University Ramon Llull, 08017, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antoni Planas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, University Ramon Llull, 08017, Barcelona, Spain.
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Fu N, Miao M, Li N, Zeng S, Zhu R, Zhang J. Association between vitamin D concentration and delirium in hospitalized patients: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281313. [PMID: 36753475 PMCID: PMC9907811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Now the occurrence of delirium is more concerning to clinicians and psychiatrists. It has been reported that vitamin D deficiency may be a relevant factor in the development of delirium in hospitalized patients. STUDY OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between vitamin D concentration and delirium in hospitalized patients. DESIGN Meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. The primary outcome was the occurrence of delirium in the inpatient setting. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated with random or fixed effects models. RESULTS In this article, we define the normal range of vitamin D concentrations as greater than 75 nmol / L, 50-75 nmol / L as vitamin D insufficiency, 25-50 nmol / L as vitamin D deficiency, and less than 25 nmol / L as vitamin D severe deficiency. The Results showed that severe vitamin D deficiency (OR: 1.98 [1.41-2.79], P<0.001) and vitamin D deficiency (OR: 1.50 [1.12-2.00], P = 0.006) were more likely to develop delirium than normal vitamin D levels. Subgroup analysis also revealed that low vitamin D concentrations were associated with a higher incidence of delirium, whether the cutoff point was 25 nmol/L (OR: 1.52 [1.40-1.64], P<0.001), 50 nmol/L (OR: 1.47 [1.19-1.82], P<0.001), or 75 nmol/L (OR: 1.54 [1.21-1.96], P<0.001). The included studies scored medium and high on the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. CONCLUSION Compared with normal vitamin D levels, severe vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D deficiency, but not vitamin D insufficiency, are associated with a higher incidence of delirium in hospitalized patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION This review was registered in the PROSPERO database under identifier CRD42021271347. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021271347.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Fu
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Mengrong Miao
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Ningning Li
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Shuang Zeng
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Ruilou Zhu
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jiaqiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Li A, Qiu B, Goettsch M, Chen Y, Ge S, Xu S, Tjakkes GHE. Association between the quality of plant-based diets and periodontitis in the U.S. general population. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:591-603. [PMID: 36734066 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the relationship between plant-based diet indices (PDIs) and periodontitis and serum IgG antibodies against periodontopathogens in the U.S. POPULATION MATERIALS AND METHODS We analysed cross-sectional data on 5651 participants ≥40 years of age from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Food frequency questionnaire data were used to calculate the overall PDI, healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI), and unhealthy plant-based diet index (uPDI). Periodontitis was defined using a half-reduced Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Academy of Periodontology case definition. Serum antibodies against 19 periodontopathogens were used to classify the population into two subgroups using hierarchical clustering. Survey-weighted multivariable logistic regressions were applied to assess the associations of PDI/hPDI/uPDI z-scores with periodontitis and hierarchical clusters after adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 2841 (50.3%) participants were defined as having moderate/severe periodontitis. The overall PDI z-score was not significantly associated with the clinical and bacterial markers of periodontitis. By considering the healthiness of plant foods, we observed an inverse association between hPDI z-score and periodontitis (odds ratio [OR] = 0.925, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.860-0.995). In contrast, higher uPDI z-score (adherence to unhealthful plant foods) might increase the risk of periodontitis (OR = 1.100; 95% CI: 1.043-1.161). Regarding antibodies against periodontopathogens, the participants in cluster 2 had higher periodontal antibodies than those in cluster 1. The hPDI z-score was positively associated with cluster 2 (OR = 1.192; 95% CI: 1.112-1.278). In contrast, an inverse association between uPDI z-score and cluster 2 was found (OR = 0.834; 95% CI: 0.775-0.896). CONCLUSIONS Plant-based diets were associated with periodontitis, depending on their quality. A healthy plant-based diet was inversely related to an increased risk of periodontitis but positively related to elevated antibody levels against periodontopathogens. For an unhealthy plant-based diet, the opposite trends were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Li
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bingjiang Qiu
- Department of Radiology and Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Data Science Center in Health (DASH) and 3D Lab, UMCG, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Goettsch
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuntao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.,Medical Statistics and Decision Making, Department of Epidemiology, UMCG, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Shulan Xu
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Geerten-Has E Tjakkes
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Living systems are built from a small subset of the atomic elements, including the bulk macronutrients (C,H,N,O,P,S) and ions (Mg,K,Na,Ca) together with a small but variable set of trace elements (micronutrients). Here, we provide a global survey of how chemical elements contribute to life. We define five classes of elements: those that are (i) essential for all life, (ii) essential for many organisms in all three domains of life, (iii) essential or beneficial for many organisms in at least one domain, (iv) beneficial to at least some species, and (v) of no known beneficial use. The ability of cells to sustain life when individual elements are absent or limiting relies on complex physiological and evolutionary mechanisms (elemental economy). This survey of elemental use across the tree of life is encapsulated in a web-based, interactive periodic table that summarizes the roles chemical elements in biology and highlights corresponding mechanisms of elemental economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaleigh A Remick
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - John D Helmann
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States.
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50
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Jin J, Zhu X, Deng Z, Zhang P, Xiao Y, Han H, Li Y, Li H. Protein-energy malnutrition and worse outcomes after major cancer surgery: A nationwide analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:970187. [PMID: 36733308 PMCID: PMC9886875 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.970187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) has been recognized as a poor prognostic factor in many clinical issues. However, nationwide population studies concerning the impact of PEM on outcomes after major cancer surgery (MCS) are lacking. We aimed to evaluate the postoperative outcomes associated with PEM following MCS. Methods By using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, data of patients undergoing MCS including colectomy, cystectomy, esophagectomy, gastrectomy, hysterectomy, lung resection, pancreatectomy, or prostatectomy were analyzed retrospectively from 2009 to 2015, resulting in a weighted estimate of 1,335,681 patients. The prevalence trend of PEM, as well as mortality and major complications after MCS were calculated. Multivariable regression analysis was applied to estimate the impact of PEM on postoperative outcomes after MCS. Results PEM showed an estimated annual percentage increase of 7.17% (95% confidence interval (CI): 4-10.44%) from 2009 to 2015, which contrasts with a 4.52% (95% CI: -6.58-2.41%) and 1.21% (95% CI: -1.85-0.56%) annual decrease in mortality and major complications in patients with PEM after MCS. PEM was associated with increased risk of mortality (odds ratio (OR)=2.26; 95% CI: 2.08-2.44; P < 0.0001), major complications (OR=2.46; 95% CI: 2.36-2.56; P < 0.0001), higher total cost ($35814 [$22292, $59579] vs. $16825 [$11393, $24164], P < 0.0001), and longer length of stay (14 [9-21] days vs. 4 [2-7] days, P < 0.0001), especially in patients underwent prostatectomy, hysterectomy and lung resection. Conclusions PEM was associated with increased worse outcomes after major cancer surgery. Early identification and timely medical treatment of PEM for patients with cancer are crucial for improving postoperative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiewen Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianying Zhu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhantao Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengyuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hedong Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanbing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Hai Li, ; Yanbing Li,
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Hai Li, ; Yanbing Li,
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