1
|
Watson-Mackie K, Arundell L, Lander N, McKay FH, Jerebine A, Venetsanou F, Barnett LM. Technology-Supported Physical Activity and Its Potential as a Tool to Promote Young Women's Physical Activity and Physical Literacy: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e52302. [PMID: 39423006 DOI: 10.2196/52302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the known benefits of physical activity (PA), rates of engagement in PA remain low globally. Low engagement in PA among young women can impact their health. Technology-supported PA may increase PA and physical literacy (PL; skills that can support PA) among young women. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to investigate the (1) associations between technology-supported PA and PA levels, (2) associations between technology-supported PA and PL levels, and (3) types of technology-supported PA that are associated with higher levels of PA engagement among young women aged 13 to 24 years. This age range was chosen as it includes two transitional periods characterized by decreases in PA. METHODS We searched 6 databases: Applied Science and Technology Source, Education Source, Embase, MEDLINE Complete, Global Health, and SPORTDiscus. Eligible studies were original research published in English between January 1, 2010, and April 24, 2024; focused on young women; and involving either technology-supported PA interventions or research exploring the correlation between technology and PA and PL. The findings of the review were presented descriptively. Study quality was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal tools. There were no deviations from the registered protocol. RESULTS In total, 23 (0.1%) studies (10,233 participants) from 23,609 records were included: randomized controlled trials (n=9, 39%), nonrandomized or retrospective observational studies (n=9, 39%), and cross-sectional studies (n=5, 22%). Of the 23 studies, 12 (52%) focused on young adults (aged ≥19 y), 9 (39%) involved adolescents (aged <19 y), and 2 (9%) focused on both groups. Nine studies (39%) were theory based. Common types of technology-supported PA were interactive websites or social media platforms (10/23, 43%), wearable fitness trackers (4/23, 17%), and mobile apps (4/23, 17%). PA or PL were predominantly self-reported (18/23, 78%). A total of 53 PA outcomes were measured: 36% (19/53) reported a positive impact on PA from mobile apps (9/15; 60% of analyses), interactive websites or social media platforms (8/27; 30% of analyses) and wearable fitness trackers (2/11; 18% of analyses). The impact on PL was weak (2/7; 29% of analyses). Eight studies (35%) were rated high, 7 (30%) medium, and 8 (35%) low in quality. CONCLUSIONS There was limited evidence that technology-supported PA improved young women's PA or PL. The evidence was limited by poor study quality and a lack of theoretical frameworks. In addition, little information was provided on the designs of the technology used. Future interventions seeking to improve young women's PA and PL should focus on the development of mobile apps underpinned by behavior change theory and addressing whole domains of PL rather than specific elements. Given that technology continues to rapidly advance, further studies are needed to demonstrate the impact of technology-supported PA in improving PA and PL among young women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Watson-Mackie
- School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Lauren Arundell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Natalie Lander
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Fiona H McKay
- Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Alethea Jerebine
- School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Fotini Venetsanou
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lisa M Barnett
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Health, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Breheny K, Salway R, House D, Walker R, Emm-Collison L, Sansum K, Williams JG, de Vocht F, Jago R, Hollingworth W. Quality of life, capability well-being, financial strain and physical activity in the short- and medium-term COVID-19 post-lockdown phases in the UK: a repeated cross-sectional study. PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-19. [PMID: 39327859 DOI: 10.3310/lyjg6305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 lockdowns had negative effects on children's and adults' mental and physical health. There is, however, a paucity of research that explores differences in health-related quality of life (HRQL) and well-being over time after the COVID-19 lockdowns had been lifted. Furlough during lockdowns, increases in unemployment, and the emerging cost-of-living crisis all put pressure on family finances, which could have a detrimental effect on HRQL and well-being. This study, part of the wider Active-6 study, explored how HRQL, capability well-being and family financial strain changed after the lockdowns, the relationship between these outcomes, and whether physical activity had any mediating effect on differences in HRQL and capability well-being. Methods Cross-sectional data were collected in May-December 2021 (Wave 1) and January-July 2022 (Wave 2). Children (aged 10-11) and their parent/carer were recruited from 23 to 27 schools in each wave, respectively, and completed validated questionnaires measuring HRQL (adults - EQ-5D-5L, children - CHU9D), capability well-being (adults - ICECAP-A) and family financial strain (adults - Family Economic Strain Scale, FESS). Children also completed questions on capability well-being. Weekday minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were measured using accelerometers. Mixed-effects regression models, adjusted for gender, age group (adults only), IMD and highest household education, were used to explore differences in HRQL and capability well-being between waves. In addition, the moderating effect of financial strain and the mediating effect of MVPA on HRQL and capability well-being were explored. Results Active-6 recruited 393 parent-child pairs in Wave 1 and 436 in Wave 2. There were no differences in HRQL (EQ-5D, CHU9D) and capability well-being (ICECAP-A) scores between waves, but financial strain was worse in Wave 2 compared to Wave 1 (FESS score difference 1.14 adjusted 95% CI 0.15 to 2.12). Increased financial strain was associated with lower (worse) EQ-5D-5L, CHU9D and ICECAP-A scores. There was no evidence of a mediating effect of MVPA. Limitations and future work Pre-COVID-19 data on HRQL were not collected, so analysis was limited to post-lockdown only. Participating parents were predominantly female and participation was lower among lower socio-economic groups, limiting our ability to explore inequalities. Intervention planning to increase physical activity and health and well-being during the COVID-19 recovery should consider the financial strain families are experiencing and the negative implications of financial strain on HRQL. Conclusions There were no differences in HRQL and capability well-being in children and adults after lockdowns lifted in 2021 and a year later in 2022. The results indicate increasing financial strain, which could reflect the UK's 'cost of living crisis'. Funding This article presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme as award number NIHR131847.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Breheny
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Ruth Salway
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Danielle House
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Robert Walker
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lydia Emm-Collison
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kate Sansum
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Joanna G Williams
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Communities and Public Health, Bristol City Council, Bristol, UK
| | - Frank de Vocht
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Russell Jago
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - William Hollingworth
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The National Institute for Health Research, Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Perez LG, Blagg T, Celeste-Villalvir A, Castro G, Mata MA, Perez S, Arredondo E, Loy S, Larson A, Derose KP. Implementation Evaluation of a Parks- and Faith-Based Multilevel Intervention to Promote Physical Activity Among Latinos. J Phys Act Health 2024:1-14. [PMID: 39322207 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2024-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latinos in the United States face multiple barriers to engaging in physical activity (PA). We implemented a faith-based multilevel intervention to promote PA in parks for Latino adults, which was partially adapted to a virtual platform during the COVID-19 pandemic, and evaluated it using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework. METHODS We conducted in-depth semistructured interviews (83% in Spanish) with 24 intervention participants (75% women) participating in a cluster randomized controlled trial in 2019-2022 that linked 6 churches (3 intervention, 3 control) with parks in East Los Angeles, CA. The intervention included in-person, park-based fitness classes, which were adapted to Facebook during the pandemic; PA motivational text messages; and other activities. Interviews assessed Reach (participation), Effectiveness (perceived impacts), Implementation (participation barriers/facilitators), and Maintenance (plans for sustaining PA), as well as perceived pandemic impacts. RESULTS About 80% of interviewees participated in ≥1 park class and 67% in ≥1 virtual class (Reach). Interviewees perceived positive intervention impacts across multiple health and well-being domains (Effectiveness) despite perceived negative pandemic impacts; several facilitators to participation (personal, social, program) and few barriers (personal, virtual, environmental; Implementation); and plans for maintaining PA (eg, revisiting intervention text messages and video recordings; Maintenance). CONCLUSIONS Findings support the utility of Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance to understand the broad impacts of a faith-based PA intervention. Findings point to the adaptability and robustness of the intervention during a public health crisis. Overall, findings may help inform the translation of the intervention to other communities to advance health equity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tara Blagg
- Pardee RAND Graduate School, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sergio Perez
- Archdiocese of Los Angeles, San Gabriel Pastoral Region, Irwindale, CA, USA
| | - Elva Arredondo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Steven Loy
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Northridge, CA, USA
| | - Anne Larson
- School of Kinesiology, California State University, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn P Derose
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA
- Department of Health Promotion and Policy, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Reitano M, Selvaggi R, Chinnici G, Pappalardo G, Yagi K, Pecorino B. Athletes preferences and willingness to pay for innovative high-protein functional foods. Appetite 2024; 203:107687. [PMID: 39307463 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
The growing number of athletes in the population leads to an increasing demand for high-protein functional foods to which food industries are trying to respond with new products and strategies that can meet the needs of athletes. An experimental auction was performed to elicit athletes' willingness to pay for an innovative high-protein bread, correlating it to specific food values. For a deeper understanding of the determinants of respondents' choices for high-protein bread and preferences regarding food values, the combination of Best-Worst Scaling and Cluster Analysis was used. The Cluster Analysis identified five different groups of athletes, each characterised by specific preferences and willingness to pay. Participants with high attention for the nutritional aspect and needs related to sports activity, are willing to pay more than the other ones. The investigated issue is crucial for customizing marketing strategies and meeting the needs of different athlete segments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Reitano
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment (Di3A), Agricultural Economics and Valuation Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia N. 98-100, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Roberta Selvaggi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment (Di3A), Agricultural Economics and Valuation Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia N. 98-100, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Chinnici
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment (Di3A), Agricultural Economics and Valuation Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia N. 98-100, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Gioacchino Pappalardo
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment (Di3A), Agricultural Economics and Valuation Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia N. 98-100, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Kohei Yagi
- Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada, Kobe, Japan
| | - Biagio Pecorino
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment (Di3A), Agricultural Economics and Valuation Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia N. 98-100, 95123, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xavier IGG, Andrade PM, Vitor RDL, Barros TC, Portela LF, de Holanda MT, Sangenis LHC, Sperandio da Silva GM, Mazzoli-Rocha F, Mendes FDSNS, da Costa AR, Quintana MDSB, Hasslocher-Moreno AM, Araujo IL, Junqueira ACV, Pinheiro RO, Georg I, Paravidino VB, Gonçalves TR, Saraiva RM, Mediano MFF. Physical activity levels during COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors in patients with Chagas disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1411977. [PMID: 39165379 PMCID: PMC11333244 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1411977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A better understanding of the consequences of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on lifestyle of patients with Chagas disease (ChD) is of paramount importance to facilitate the implementation of intervention strategies tailored to this specific population. Objective The present study aimed to evaluate the level of physical activity (PA) in Chagas disease (ChD) patients during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its main associated factors. Methods This is a cross-sectional study with 187 patients of both sexes, aged ≥18 years, followed in a national infectious disease center (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). The level of PA was determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short version and expressed in terms of total volume of physical activity (PA) (MET-minutes per week). Individuals were classified as physically active following the 2020 World Health Organization PA guideline. The exposure variables were age, sex, race, marital status, schooling, income per capita, number of rooms per domicile, number of residents per domicile, body mass index, clinical form of ChD, COVID-19 antibodies, comorbidities, self-reported anxiety, self-reported depression, self-reported fear, and self-reported sadness. The association between the exposure variables with total PA (as a continuous variable) was determined using univariate and multivariate linear regression models. Results Mean age was 61.1 ± 11.6 years. Most (62%) were women and self-declared their race as mixed (50.8%). The percentage of physically active individuals according to was 52%. The variables independently associated with total PA levels were non-white race (Exp β = 1.39; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.90), dyslipidemia (Exp β = 0.73; 95% CI 0.56 to 0.95) and self-reported depression during quarantine (Exp β = 0.71; 95% CI 0.52 to 0.96). Conclusion Non-white race was positively associated with total levels of PA, while dyslipidemia, and self-reported depression during quarantine were negatively associated with total levels of PA. The identification of associated factors can facilitate the development of tailored strategies to increase PA levels ChD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrícia Mello Andrade
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo de Lima Vitor
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tayná Cruz Barros
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciana Fernandes Portela
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Flavia Mazzoli-Rocha
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Andréa Rodrigues da Costa
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ingebourg Georg
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vitor Barreto Paravidino
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine Hésio Cordeiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Naval Academy, Brazilian Navy, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Rehder Gonçalves
- Institute of Public Health Studies, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roberto Magalhães Saraiva
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mauro Felippe Felix Mediano
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Research and Education, National Institute of Cardiology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Strain T, Flaxman S, Guthold R, Semenova E, Cowan M, Riley LM, Bull FC, Stevens GA. National, regional, and global trends in insufficient physical activity among adults from 2000 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 507 population-based surveys with 5·7 million participants. Lancet Glob Health 2024; 12:e1232-e1243. [PMID: 38942042 PMCID: PMC11254784 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(24)00150-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient physical activity increases the risk of non-communicable diseases, poor physical and cognitive function, weight gain, and mental ill-health. Global prevalence of adult insufficient physical activity was last published for 2016, with limited trend data. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of insufficient physical activity for 197 countries and territories, from 2000 to 2022. METHODS We collated physical activity reported by adults (aged ≥18 years) in population-based surveys. Insufficient physical activity was defined as not doing 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity, 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity activity, or an equivalent combination per week. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to compute estimates of insufficient physical activity by country or territory, year, age, and sex. We assessed whether countries or territories, regions, and the world would meet the global target of a 15% relative reduction of the prevalence of insufficient physical activity by 2030 if 2010-22 trends continue. FINDINGS We included 507 surveys across 163 countries and territories. The global age-standardised prevalence of insufficient physical activity was 31·3% (95% uncertainty interval 28·6-34·0) in 2022, an increase from 23·4% (21·1-26·0) in 2000 and 26·4% (24·8-27·9) in 2010. Prevalence was increasing in 103 (52%) of 197 countries and territories and six (67%) of nine regions, and was declining in the remainder. Prevalence was 5 percentage points higher among female (33·8% [29·9-37·7]) than male (28·7% [25·0-32·6]) individuals. Insufficient physical activity increased in people aged 60 years and older in all regions and both sexes, but age patterns differed for those younger than 60 years. If 2010-22 trends continue, the global target of a 15% relative reduction between 2010 and 2030 will not be met (posterior probability <0·01); however, two regions, Oceania and sub-Saharan Africa, were on track with considerable uncertainty (posterior probabilities 0·70-0·74). INTERPRETATION Concerted multi-sectoral efforts to reduce insufficient physical activity levels are needed to meet the 2030 target. Physical activity promotion should not exacerbate sex, age, or geographical inequalities. FUNDING Ministry of Public Health, Qatar, and World Health Organization. TRANSLATIONS For the Spanish and Portuguese translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Strain
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Seth Flaxman
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Regina Guthold
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health, and Ageing, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Elizaveta Semenova
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Melanie Cowan
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, Rehabilitation & Disability, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Leanne M Riley
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, Rehabilitation & Disability, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fiona C Bull
- Department of Health Promotion, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Sport Science Exercise and Health, School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Gretchen A Stevens
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, Rehabilitation & Disability, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Quilico EL, Wilkinson S, Duncan LR, Sweet SN, Alarie C, Bédard E, Gheta I, Brodeur CL, Colantonio A, Swaine BR. Feasibility and acceptability of an adapted peer-based walking intervention for adults with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39051571 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2381616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the feasibility and acceptability of a 6-week peer-based walking intervention for adults with moderate-to-severe TBI with telehealth supports. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pre-post feasibility trial with 18 community-dwelling adults (10 men; 8 women) with moderate-to-severe TBI aged 21-61 years (M = 40.6, SD = 11.3). Feasibility outcomes included participation, attrition, safety across 12 90-minute sessions, and telehealth platform quality. Acceptability outcomes included program satisfaction. Exploratory outcomes included daily step count with activity trackers and pre-post intervention questionnaires (mood, leisure satisfaction, exercise self-efficacy, quality of life) through video conferencing. RESULTS 15/18 (83%) participants completed ≥ 9 sessions (75%). Three participants were lost to attrition. No major adverse events reported. Minor events included fatigue and muscle soreness. Participants reported high satisfaction (M = 9.2/10, SD = 0.9). Average weekly steps per day rose from 10,011 to 11,177 steps (12%). Three participants' step count data were not included due to tremors or forgetting to wear the device (≥ 9 days). One major and several minor connectivity problems occurred. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks tests identified a significant change in negative affect (p < 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Findings support the feasibility and acceptability of a 6-week peer-based walking intervention with telehealth supports for our sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E L Quilico
- Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Applied Human Sciences, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - S Wilkinson
- Applied Human Sciences, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - L R Duncan
- Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - S N Sweet
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - C Alarie
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - E Bédard
- Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - I Gheta
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - C L Brodeur
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Colantonio
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - B R Swaine
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kerstis B, Elvén M, Nilsson KW, von Heideken Wågert P, Stier J, Dahlen M, Lindberg D. Prevalence and Determinants of Changes in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Swedish Repeated Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:960. [PMID: 39200571 PMCID: PMC11353595 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21080960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) changed during the COVID-19 pandemic; hence, this study examined PA and SB at four time points between December 2019 and December 2022. The participants' PA decreased during the pandemic and did not recover afterwards. Among women, PA increased slightly in 2022 but not at all in men. From 2019 to 2020, SB increased and then decreased to near the pre-pandemic level in both sexes. Regarding age, PA decreased in the oldest age group (65-79 years) across all time points, while SB increased in all age groups during 2019-2020 and then returned close to pre-pandemic levels among the two middle age groups (30-64 years), but not among the youngest and oldest groups. Considering occupation, PA decreased from 2020 to December 2022 among retired and "other" participants, while SB decreased among nonmanual workers and retired participants. The regression models associated better self-reported health, male sex, and those born overseas with higher PA. Higher age, better self-reported health, poor education, and later survey time points were associated with lower SB. These findings highlight the need to return PA and SB to at least pre-pandemic levels and that subgroups may need different interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birgitta Kerstis
- Division of Caring Sciences, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, 72123 Västerås, Sweden
| | - Maria Elvén
- Division of Physiotherapy, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, 72123 Västerås, Sweden; (M.E.); (P.v.H.W.)
| | - Kent W. Nilsson
- Division of Public Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, 72123 Västerås, Sweden;
- Center for Clinical Research, Central Hospital of Västerås, Uppsala University, 75310 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Petra von Heideken Wågert
- Division of Physiotherapy, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, 72123 Västerås, Sweden; (M.E.); (P.v.H.W.)
| | - Jonas Stier
- Division of Social Work, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, 72123 Västerås, Sweden;
| | - Micael Dahlen
- Department of Marketing and Strategy, Stockholm School of Economics, 11383 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Lindberg
- Department of Social Work, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences, Division of Social Work, Örebro University, 70182 Örebro, Sweden;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alashmali S. Differences in eating habits, physical activity, and sleep patterns among high school students and their parents before and during COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1408145. [PMID: 39100944 PMCID: PMC11295278 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1408145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The recent COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly disrupted the eating and lifestyle habits among populations, especially among younger populations who are more prone to unhealthy dietary behaviours. However, current knowledge related to eating and lifestyle patterns, especially physical activity and sleep among different generations is limited. Our study sought to understand the eating habits, physical activity, and sleep behaviours among high school students compared to their parents in Saudi Arabia, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This study was conducted in public high schools in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (n = 8 schools), spanning from September 2021 to April 2022. Data were collected using an online questionnaire, distributed to all students and their parents (n = 516) in these schools. Results During the pandemic, parents (46.4%) showed a heightened interest in health and nutrition compared to students (32.7%, p = 0.001). Food preferences changed for 58.1% of participants; 70.0% of parents and 36.7% of students opted for homemade food (p < 0.001). Unhealthy behaviours like eating out were more common in students. Weight varied by 74.0% during COVID-19, with more parents (41.4%) gaining weight than students (31.6%, p = 0.018). Physical activity dropped more for parents (42.1%) than students (23.9%), though 30.7 and 31.6% reported increases, respectively (p < 0.001). Regardless of the pandemic, students were more likely to sleep later compared to parents (58.0% vs. 41.4%; p < 0.001), while parents were more prone to waking up earlier compared to students (81.4% vs. 67.3%, p = 0.002). Discussion The findings underscore the varied pandemic impact on eating habits and physical activity between students and parents. Tailored interventions are vital for promoting healthier choices during health crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoug Alashmali
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tomioka M, Yuan S, Yago J, Medeiros C. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Older Adults Who Participate in Group Physical Exercise Program. HAWAI'I JOURNAL OF HEALTH & SOCIAL WELFARE 2024; 83:180-186. [PMID: 38974802 PMCID: PMC11224956 DOI: 10.62547/mqxm6470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The COVID pandemic exposed the vulnerability of older adults in myriad ways and social service organizations faced unprecedented challenges in safely providing support for older adults. Since 2007, Hawai'i Healthy Aging Partnership (HHAP) has offered Enhance®Fitness, an evidence-based program to reduce the risk of falls and promote health among older adults. Due to the pandemic, all the Enhance®Fitness sites had to close and stop offering the program. The HHAP started to provide alternative activities remotely in May 2020. To explore the pandemic's impact, the feasibility of online exercise programs, and the support needed among older adults to stay physically active, HHAP surveyed existing Enhance®Fitness participants and received 291 responses (59% response rate). The study used frequency distributions, comparison of means, and chi-square to analyze the survey data. Findings showed that the shutdown of the group exercise program during the pandemic led to a health status decline, a reduction in physical activities, and a shift from group to individual physical activities among older adult participants. Most respondents tried the remote exercise opportunities during the pandemic and would consider joining the remote programs in the future. However, about one-fourth of the respondents did not participate in remote exercise activities due to the lack of electronic devices, internet access, or interest in remote activity formats. To ensure equitable access to physical exercise programs for older adults in the post-pandemic era, it is critical to address the access challenges and resources needed for providing multiple programming options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michiyo Tomioka
- University of Hawai‘i Mānoa, Center on the Family, Honolulu, HI (MT, SY)
| | - Sarah Yuan
- University of Hawai‘i Mānoa, Center on the Family, Honolulu, HI (MT, SY)
| | - Johnny Yago
- County of Kaua‘i Elderly Affairs, Lihue, HI (JY)
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Muaddi MA, Alharbi AA, Mahfouz MS, Hadadi RT, Areeshi RA, Muqri HK, Zurayyir EJ, Alkuaybi FS, Alhazmi SA, Albadrani MS, Alharbi RK, Alqassim AY. Changes in Nutritional Habits and Lifestyles Associated With COVID-19 in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: A 2022 Cross-Sectional Survey. Cureus 2024; 16:e65425. [PMID: 39184620 PMCID: PMC11344992 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.65425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic impacted dietary habits and physical activity patterns, with some long-term consequences. This study evaluated the effects of the pandemic on adults' dietary habits and physical activity in Jazan and compared them to pre-pandemic. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional survey was conducted among conveniently selected 559 individuals in Jazan, Saudi Arabia, in February 2022 using a validated online questionnaire. Data was collected to assess changes in eating habits, food intake, and weight before and 21 months after lifting of COVID-19 curfew restrictions in the region. Chi-square and McNemar's tests were used for analysis. RESULTS The proportion of individuals consuming homemade meals decreased from 50.6% (n=283) before the pandemic to 46.5% (n=260) during the pandemic, while the proportion of participants consuming less than three meals per day increased from 42.2% (n=236) to 45.4% (n=254), and breakfast consumption decreased significantly from 58.1% (n=325) to 53.5% (n=299) (p = 0.033). There was an increase in the consumption of fast food from 10.7% (n=60) to 12.0% (n=67) and dining at restaurants from 18.4% (n=103) to 19.3% (n=108); however, these increases were not statistically significant compared to pre-pandemic rates. During the pre-COVID-19 period, 46.9% (n=262) reported engaging in physical activity one to three times a week, whereas this frequency decreased to 41.3% (n=231) during the pandemic (p = 0.017). In contrast, a significant increase was observed in the duration of computer usage as prior to the pandemic, 20.2% (n=113) reported spending more than five hours per day on the computer, while this proportion increased to 31.8% (n=178) during the pandemic (p < 0.001). Furthermore, a considerable proportion of both males and females, constituting over one-third (n=189) of the total sample, reported an increase in body weight. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that the adult population in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia experienced significant lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic, including altered dietary patterns and a significant decline in physical activity. To mitigate potential adverse effects on future well-being, it is crucial to implement enduring initiatives promoting healthy lifestyles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Muaddi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Abdullah A Alharbi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Mohamed Salih Mahfouz
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | | | | | - Huda K Muqri
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | | | | | | | - Muayad S Albadrani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine and Medical Education, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, SAU
| | - Rawan K Alharbi
- Department of Family Medicine, Al-Husseini Primary Care Center, Western Sector, Jazan Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Jazan, SAU
| | - Ahmad Y Alqassim
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cakir G, Isik U, Ustun UD, Su N, Gumusgul O. Resilience among Turkish adolescents: A multi-level approach. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300165. [PMID: 38950024 PMCID: PMC11216579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine the components that contribute to psychological resilience in adolescents and to determine if physical exercise, emotion control, or self-efficacy are more effective predictors of resilience. Data from participants was collected through a personal information form, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, the Self-Efficacy Scale for Children, the Emotion Regulation Scale for Children and Adolescents, and the Psychological Resilience Scale for Children and Adolescents. The data were gathered online from 16 out of the 81 provinces in Turkey, representing 7 different regions, using convenience sampling. The study sample comprised 505 adolescents, with 309 females and 196 males. The average age of the participants was 15.66 years, with a standard deviation of 1.34. The data obtained from the students was analyzed using SPSS 27.0 statistical software. The Chi-Square test was employed to establish the correlation between the demographic features of adolescents and their levels of physical activity. The relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable was determined using correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. According to the analyzed results, there was a substantial positive correlation between physical activity and resilience, reappraisal and resilience, and self-efficacy and resilience. In addition, it was noted that physical activity alone explains 4.8% of the overall variation in resilience and is a significant predictor of resilience. The inclusion of reappraisal in the model resulted in a partial prediction of resilience by physical activity. However, the primary strength of the model was attributed to reappraisal. The inclusion of self-efficacy in the model resulted in a significant prediction of resilience, accounting for 36.8% of the total variance. The self-efficacy variable had a higher impact level compared to the other variables. Furthermore, the inclusion of self-efficacy in the model resulted in the elimination of the influence of physical activity on resilience. The research conclusions point out that self-efficacy has a greater impact on psychological resilience compared to physical activity and emotion regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Cakir
- Faculty of Sports Science, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Türkiye
| | - Utku Isik
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Umit Dogan Ustun
- Faculty of Sports Science, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Türkiye
| | - Nihan Su
- Faculty of Sports Science, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | - Osman Gumusgul
- Faculty of Sports Science, Kutahya Dumlupinar University, Kütahya, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Adams JL, Kangarloo T, Gong Y, Khachadourian V, Tracey B, Volfson D, Latzman RD, Cosman J, Edgerton J, Anderson D, Best A, Kostrzebski MA, Auinger P, Wilmot P, Pohlson Y, Jensen-Roberts S, Müller MLTM, Stephenson D, Dorsey ER. Using a smartwatch and smartphone to assess early Parkinson's disease in the WATCH-PD study over 12 months. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:112. [PMID: 38866793 PMCID: PMC11169239 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00721-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Digital measures may provide objective, sensitive, real-world measures of disease progression in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, multicenter longitudinal assessments of such measures are few. We recently demonstrated that baseline assessments of gait, tremor, finger tapping, and speech from a commercially available smartwatch, smartphone, and research-grade wearable sensors differed significantly between 82 individuals with early, untreated PD and 50 age-matched controls. Here, we evaluated the longitudinal change in these assessments over 12 months in a multicenter observational study using a generalized additive model, which permitted flexible modeling of at-home data. All measurements were included until participants started medications for PD. Over one year, individuals with early PD experienced significant declines in several measures of gait, an increase in the proportion of day with tremor, modest changes in speech, and few changes in psychomotor function. As measured by the smartwatch, the average (SD) arm swing in-clinic decreased from 25.9 (15.3) degrees at baseline to 19.9 degrees (13.7) at month 12 (P = 0.004). The proportion of awake time an individual with early PD had tremor increased from 19.3% (18.0%) to 25.6% (21.4%; P < 0.001). Activity, as measured by the number of steps taken per day, decreased from 3052 (1306) steps per day to 2331 (2010; P = 0.16), but this analysis was restricted to 10 participants due to the exclusion of those that had started PD medications and lost the data. The change of these digital measures over 12 months was generally larger than the corresponding change in individual items on the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale but not greater than the change in the overall scale. Successful implementation of digital measures in future clinical trials will require improvements in study conduct, especially data capture. Nonetheless, gait and tremor measures derived from a commercially available smartwatch and smartphone hold promise for assessing the efficacy of therapeutics in early PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Adams
- Center for Health + Technology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | | | - Yishu Gong
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Melissa A Kostrzebski
- Center for Health + Technology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Peggy Auinger
- Center for Health + Technology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Peter Wilmot
- Center for Health + Technology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yvonne Pohlson
- Center for Health + Technology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Stella Jensen-Roberts
- Center for Health + Technology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | | | - E Ray Dorsey
- Center for Health + Technology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bernhard JC, Tornquist L, Marques CT, Peroza LR. Association Between Physical Activity and Mental Health in Health Professionals in the Context of the Pandemic: A Study in Southern Brazil. J Occup Environ Med 2024; 66:e225-e229. [PMID: 38489471 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000003094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to verify the association between physical activity (PA) and mental health among health professionals in southern Brazil. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with 101 workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health and PA were assessed using the questionnaires. The association of PA with stress was tested by linear regression, and anxiety and depressive symptoms by Poisson regression. RESULTS The stress was inversely associated with individuals who performed some PA (β: -3.53;95% CI: -6.63;-0.44) and who met the PA recommendations (active) (β: -6.84;95% CI: -12.44;-1.24). Workers who performed some PA (PR: 0.76;95% CI: 0.67;0.86) and were active (PR: 0.75;95% CI: 0.60;0.93) were less likely to have severe symptoms of anxiety. For depression, workers who performed some PA (PR: 0.81;95% CI: 0.71;0.92) and were active (PR: 0.69;95% CI: 0.54;0.88), the probability was also smaller. CONCLUSIONS The practice of PA was inversely associated with symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Carolina Bernhard
- From the Postgraduate Program in Health and Life Sciences, Franciscan University - UFN, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil (J.C.B.); Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil (L.T.); Postgraduate Program in Science and Mathematics Teaching, Franciscan University - UFN, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil (C.T.M.); and Postgraduate Program in Health and Life Sciences/Franciscan University - UFN, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil (L.R.P.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wijeweera C, Muhfaza U, Lord RV, Petocz P, Chen J, Preda V. Socioeconomic status and the effect of prolonged pandemic confinement on anthropometric and glycaemic outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prim Care Diabetes 2024; 18:308-318. [PMID: 38448261 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of COVID19 lockdown on the anthropometric and glycaemic outcomes of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and assess whether socioeconomic status (SES) was relevant to these changes. METHODS A search of three databases was conducted. Meta-analyses using random effects models were undertaken to combine anthropometric and glycaemic measures pre- and post-confinement. Subgroup analyses according to SES were also conducted. RESULTS This systematic review of 19 articles demonstrated that prolonged pandemic-related confinement is associated with a deterioration in both anthropometric and glycaemic outcomes among adults with T2DM. Furthermore, SES was found to be relevant to these changes. Specifically, BMI (kg/m2) showed an increase in mean difference of 0.72 (95% CI; 0.13, 1.31; p<0.05) between pre and post lockdown cohorts. High income countries displayed a greater increase in BMI compared to their lower middle-income counterparts. Regarding, fasting blood glucose (FBG), a statistically significant difference was observed in the upper middle-income group (mean difference: 5.10; 95% CI: 2.92, 7.27), and high-income group (mean difference: 6.03; 95% CI: 0.04, 12.02). There were no significant changes to weight, waist circumference, or HbA1C over the lockdown period. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest adults with T2DM may have received less effective care over the lockdown period, particularly in high income countries. Clinics and care providers may need to adopt more intensive contact and treatment plans in the post lockdown period to prevent lasting impacts on disease progression and metabolic sequelae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Wijeweera
- Macquarie University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Australia.
| | - Ummul Muhfaza
- Healthy Weight Clinic, Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Park, Australia
| | - Reginald V Lord
- Department of Surgery, University of Notre Dame School of Medicine, Sydney Australia
| | - Peter Petocz
- Macquarie University, Department of Statistics, Macquarie Park, Australia
| | - Juliana Chen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Veronica Preda
- Healthy Weight Clinic, Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Park, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hiya F, Lamour JPM, Khan AA, Wood R, Rodriguez de la Vega PE, Castro G, Ruiz JG, Barengo NC. Parenting Practices Are Associated With Out-of-School Physical Activity in US Adolescents in 2014. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:578-585. [PMID: 38561000 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lack of physical activity (PA) is associated with obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Parenting practices influence PA in young children. However, there is little evidence available for adolescents. We examined whether parenting practices were associated with out-of-school PA (OSPA) in US adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional 2019 study analyzed data from the 2014 FLASHE study, a web-based, quota-sampled survey of parent-adolescent dyads. Inclusion required survey completion and parents to live with their teen (ages 12-17 y old). Physically limited adolescents were excluded. Dyads were stratified by teen age. Exposures included parental modeling, monitoring, facilitation, restriction, guided choice, and pressure. The outcomes of interest were OSPA Youth Activity Profile scores. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using adjusted logistic regressions. RESULTS A total of 1109 dyads were included. Guided choice increased odds of OSPA for 15- to 17-year-olds (OR = 2.12; 95% CI, 1.17-3.84). Facilitation increased odds of OSPA for 12- to 14-year-olds (OR = 2.21; 95% CI, 1.13-4.33). Monitoring decreased odds of OSPA for 15- to 17-year-olds (OR = 0.34; 95% CI, 0.20-0.57) and 12- to 14-year-olds (OR = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.27-0.74). Friend support increased odds of OSPA in 15- to 17-year-olds (OR = 4.03; 95% CI, 2.29-7.08) and 12- to 14-year-olds (OR = 3.05; 95% CI 1.69-5.51). CONCLUSION Future interventions should prioritize (1) shared decision making for older teens, (2) access to PA opportunities for younger adolescents, and (3) promoting peer PA and friend support for everyone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Hiya
- Department of Translational Medicine, Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jean-Paul M Lamour
- Department of Medical Education, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Anwar A Khan
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Robert Wood
- Department of Medical Education, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Pura E Rodriguez de la Vega
- Department of Medical Education, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Grettel Castro
- Department of Medical Education, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Juan G Ruiz
- Department of Medical Education, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Noel C Barengo
- Department of Medical Education, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Poppele I, Ottiger M, Stegbauer M, Schlesinger T, Müller K. Device-assessed physical activity and sleep quality of post-COVID patients undergoing a rehabilitation program. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:122. [PMID: 38811993 PMCID: PMC11134673 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00909-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to persistent symptoms more than three months after the acute infection and has also an impact on patients' physical activity behaviour and sleep quality. There is evidence, that inpatient post-COVID rehabilitation can improve physical capacity and mental health impairments, but less is known about the change in physical behaviour and sleep quality. METHODS This longitudinal observational study used accelerometery to assess the level of physical activity and sleep quality before and after an inpatient rehabilitation program. The study sample consists of 100 post-COVID patients who acquired COVID-19 in the workplace. Group differences related to sex, age, COVID-19 severity, and pre-existing diseases were also analysed. RESULTS Level of physical activity and sleep quality didn't increase after rehabilitation. Overall, there is a high extent of inactivity time and poor sleep quality at both measurement points. Regarding group differences, male patients showed a significantly higher inactivity time before rehabilitation, and younger patients (< 55 years) spend significant more time in vigorous physical activity than older patients. Post-COVID patients with pre-existing cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic disease show slightly less physical activity than post-COVID patients without these comorbidities. Female patients and younger patients showed better sleep quality in some sleep parameters at both measurement points. However, no differences could be detected related to COVID-19 severity. CONCLUSIONS Ongoing strategies should be implemented to address the high amount of inactivity time and the poor sleep quality in post-COVID patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Poppele
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Marcel Ottiger
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Michael Stegbauer
- BG Hospital for Occupational Disease Bad Reichenhall, 83435, Bad Reichenhall, Germany
| | - Torsten Schlesinger
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Katrin Müller
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Özbek Ö, Can MM. Comparison of the Effects of Recent Coronavirus 2019 Infection and Vaccination on the Prognosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Retrospective Study Conducted in a Single Center in Türkiye. Anatol J Cardiol 2024; 28:294-304. [PMID: 38770698 PMCID: PMC11168708 DOI: 10.14744/anatoljcardiol.2024.4372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to examine the effects of COVID-19 infection versus vaccination within the month prior to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) diagnosis with respect to their impact on the development of mortality or major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). METHODS This retrospective cohort study included patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of ACS between June 2020 and December 2022. Patients diagnosed with ACS were grouped according to the presence of COVID-19 infection (post-COVID), vaccination (post-vaccine), or non-exposure during the month prior to ACS diagnosis. Patients with and without MACE were also compared separately. RESULTS We analyzed 1890 ACS patients (mean age 57.43 ± 11.53 years, 79.15% males). Of these, 319 (16.88%) were in the post-vaccine group, and 334 (17.67%) were in the post-COVID group. Major adverse cardiovascular events occurred in 569 (30.11%) patients. Mortality was recorded in 271 (14.34%) patients. In the post-COVID group, the frequencies of MACE and mortality and length of stay in hospital were significantly higher (vs. post-vaccine and vs. non-exposure groups; both P <.001). High age, ST-elevation myocardial infarction, having suffered from Post-COVID ACS, and high glucose were independently associated with increased MACE risk; whereas, hyperlipidemia, 3 or more COVID vaccinations, receipt of the Biontech vaccine, and high estimated glomerular filtration rate were independently associated with decreased MACE risk. CONCLUSION Acute coronary syndrome patients who have recently had COVID-19 infection may have a worse prognostic course compared to those with recent vaccination, necessitating continuing care for pandemic-related risk factors as well as previously known factors impacting MACE and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Özbek
- Department of Cardiology, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Mustafa Can
- Department of Cardiology, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Banwell N, Michel S, Senn N. Greenspaces and Health: Scoping Review of studies in Europe. Public Health Rev 2024; 45:1606863. [PMID: 38831866 PMCID: PMC11144923 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2024.1606863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Access to greenspaces and contact with nature can promote physical activity and have positive effects on physical and mental health. This scoping literature review aims to examine current evidence linking greenspaces and (a) behaviour change, (b) health outcomes and (c) co-benefits. Methods This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA scoping review guidelines. Searches were conducted through PubMed and EMBASE databases for studies published between 2000 and March 2023 with a focus on Europe. Results 122 scientific articles and grey literature reports were identified. Access to greenspaces is positively associated with physical and mental health, and reduced risk of all-cause mortality and some non-communicable diseases. Greenspace quality is associated with increased physical activity and reduced risk of obesity. Nature-based therapies or green prescription are effective in improving mental health outcomes and overall health. Importantly, numerous co-benefits of greenspaces are identified. Conclusion Increasing access to greenspaces for populations with particular attention to greenspace quality is important for co-benefits. Responsible governance and use of greenspaces are crucial to minimize public health risks and human disturbance of nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Banwell
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Research in Ethics (CIRE), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Michel
- Department of Family Medicine, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Senn
- Department of Family Medicine, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Matteucci I, Corsi M. Adolescents' attitudes, habits, identity and social support in relation to physical activity after the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11035. [PMID: 38745043 PMCID: PMC11094044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60548-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on adolescents' cognitive processes, behaviors and social support (SS) as they relate to physical activity (PA) before and after the pandemic. The aims of the study were: (1) to investigate the changes in adolescents' engagement in moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and examine the changes in PA-related attitudes and behaviors before and after the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) to analyze the correlations between the significant changes that were found, PA engagement, and SS. The survey targeted third-year middle school students of Italian nationality, attending male and female mixed classes, residents in urban, periphery and sub-urban areas, living in families with different incomes, and different habits of engaging in PA. A longitudinal study was developed using a standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered in April-May 2023 to a sample of 952 students aged 11/14 residing in the Marche region in Central Italy. Increasing values were found in the post-COVID-19 phase for all the cognitive processes and attitudes, in particular, those regarding habits (0.66 vs 0.50, + 32%) and identity (0.70 vs 0.55, + 27%) related to PA. Significant correlations were found between these values and VPA engagement and between the values of the same indicators and SS (p < 0.01). The strongest relationship was found with the dimension of identity (r = 0.51; r = 054).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Matteucci
- Department of Communication Sciences, International Studies and Humanities, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029, Urbino, PU, Italy.
| | - Mario Corsi
- Department of Communication Sciences, International Studies and Humanities, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
O'Shea O, Murphy G, Fox L, O'Reilly KMA. Changes in physical activity in people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis before and after virtual pulmonary rehabilitation: a feasibility study. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:215. [PMID: 38698361 PMCID: PMC11064383 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03030-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is recommended for the treatment of people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Physical activity is an important health behaviour, closely linked to survival in people with IPF. Little is known about the impact of virtual (V) PR on physical activity in people with IPF. OBJECTIVE To explore the feasibility of conducting a trial to explore effect of virtual PR on objectively measured physical activity in people with IPF. METHODS All patients with a diagnosis of IPF in a stable phase of the disease were invited to participate in VPR: a 10 week exercise programme delivered twice-weekly for one hour. Data were collected at baseline (BL) and post VPR (10 weeks): Kings Brief Interstitial Lung Disease (K-BILD), Exercise capacity (6-minute walk test (6MWT) or 1-minute sit-to-stand (STS)) and Physical Activity. Physical activity was measured with a triaxial accelerometer for seven days. Screening, recruitment, adherence and safety data were collected. RESULTS 68 people were screened for this study. N = 16 participants were recruited to the study. There was one dropout. N = 15 completed VPR. All results reported in mean (standard deviation) (SD). Participants attended 18.1(2.0) of the 20 sessions. No adverse events were detected. The mean age of participants was 71.5(11.5) years, range: 47-95 years; 7 M:9 F. Mean (SD) FEV1 2.3(0.3)L, FVC 2.8(0.7)L. No statistically significant changes were observed in outcome measures apart from exercise capacity. Light physical activity increased from 152(69.4) minutes per day (n = 16) to 161.9(88.7) minutes per day (n = 14), mean change (SD) (CI) p-value: 9.9 (39.8) [-12.3 to 30.9] p = 0.4. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity increased from 19.1(18.6) minutes per day (n = 16) to 25.7(28.3) minutes per day (n = 14), mean change (SD) (CI) p-value: 6.7 (15.5) [-2.1 to 15.1] p = 0.1. Step count increased from 3838(2847) steps per day (n = 16) to 4537(3748) steps per day (n = 14), mean change (SD) (CI) p-value: 738 (1916) [-419.3 to 1734.6] p = 0.2. K-BILD (n = 15) increased from 55.1(7.4) at BL to 55.7(7.9) post VPR mean change (SD) [95% confidence interval] (CI) p-value: 1.7(6.5) [-1.7 to 5.3], p = 0.3. 6MWT (n = 5) increased from 361.5(127.1) to 452.2(136.1) meters, mean change (SD) (CI) p-value: 63.7 (48.2) [-3.8 to 123.6], p = 0.04 and 1-minute STS increased from 17.6(3.0) (n = 11) to 23.7(6.3) (n = 10), mean change (SD) (CI) p-value 5.8 (4.6) [2.6 to 9.1], p = 0.003. CONCLUSION VPR can improve physical activity in people with IPF. A number of important feasibility issues included recruitment, retention, adherence and safety have been reported which are crucial for future research in this area. A fully powered trial is needed to determine the response of people with IPF to PR with regard to physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orlagh O'Shea
- School of Physiotherapy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Grainne Murphy
- Department of Physiotherapy, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lynn Fox
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katherine M A O'Reilly
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Garcia MC, Paravidino VB, Lopes CDS, Mediano MFF, Gonçalves TR, de Oliveira AJ, Sichieri R. Sleep duration and quality during the COVID-19 pandemic and the association with physical activity and screen time among Brazilian college students. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e24035. [PMID: 38174842 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a result of social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in sleep patterns have been observed in many countries, as well as changes in physical activity and screen time. The objective was to investigate sleep duration and quality during the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with physical activity and screen time. METHODS Cross-sectional study with students from a University in Rio de Janeiro who answered an online questionnaire between August 2020 and March 2021. Physical activity was assessed using IPAQ-SF. Sleep was investigated based on questions about duration and sleep quality change, and screen time through self-reported questions. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to assess the association between physical activity and screen time with sleep duration and quality. Secondary analyses investigated the influence of the isolation time on this association. The confounding factors used were diagnosis of COVID-19, time of isolation, anxiety, depression, skin color, and gender. RESULTS A total of 771 college students with a mean age of 24.5 years (±8.6) answered the questionnaire. About 75% reported more than 8 h of screen time per day and 49.8% were physically inactive. Regarding sleep, 54.9% had worsening sleep, while 40.6% had inadequate sleep duration during the pandemic. Physical activity was associated with improved sleep quality (Odds ratio (OR) 1.72; confidence interval (95% CI) 1.05-2.97). Also, physically active students who spent more than 14 weeks in social isolation demonstrated improved sleep quality (OR 1.99; 95% CI 1.02-3.78) compared to physically inactive individuals. No association was observed for sleep duration. No association was observed between screen time and sleep quality, or sleep duration. CONCLUSION During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was considerable worsening of sleep quality, and physical activity was positively associated with improved sleep quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magno Conceição Garcia
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine Hésio Cordeiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vitor Barreto Paravidino
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine Hésio Cordeiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Naval School, Brazilian Navy, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia de Souza Lopes
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine Hésio Cordeiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiana Rehder Gonçalves
- Institute of Public Health Studies, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aldair José de Oliveira
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Brazil
| | - Rosely Sichieri
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine Hésio Cordeiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Heller S, Reichel JL, Mülder LM, Schäfer M, Schwab L, Werner AM, Letzel S, Rigotti T, Dietz P. The association between health behaviours and academic performance moderated by trait mindfulness amongst university students: an observational study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1340235. [PMID: 38706542 PMCID: PMC11066253 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1340235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To target health communication at less health-conscious groups, evidence on health behaviours' effects on non-health-related outcomes - such as academic performance - is necessary. Recent research has highlighted the associations of various health behaviours on academic performance of university students. However, there is a lack of research investigating the most predominant health behaviours simultaneously and their association with academic performance, as well as the factors that potentially influence the direction or strength of these associations. Therefore, this study investigated (I) which of the predominant health behaviours (physical activity, healthy diet, sleep, sedentary behaviour, alcohol consumption, smoking, drug use) are most associated with academic performance and (II) whether the personal resource of trait mindfulness moderates these associations. Methods An online survey was conducted amongst university students during the 2021 summer semester. Group differences in academic performance regarding health behaviours were analysed using ANOVA (N = 1,049). A first linear regression model (N = 571), considering all selected health behaviours simultaneously, assessed their association with academic performance. A second model (N = 540) assessed interaction effects of health behaviours and trait mindfulness. Separate regressions assessed each interaction's association with academic performance. Results Sleep, fruit and vegetable consumption, and gender were significantly associated with academic performance. The second model showed no significant interaction effects. Conclusion Targeting sleep and fruit and vegetable consumption might be the most promising strategies for elevating students' academic performance, thereby enabling health communication strategies to reach groups driven by performance improvements rather than health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Heller
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jennifer L. Reichel
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lina M. Mülder
- Business Psychology and Human Resources, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Markus Schäfer
- Department of Communication, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lisa Schwab
- Department of Sports Medicine, Rehabilitation and Disease Prevention, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Antonia M. Werner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Letzel
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Rigotti
- Department of Work, Organizational, and Business Psychology, Institute for Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Pavel Dietz
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tao Z, Sun X, Sun J, Zhu E. Dose-response relationship between 15 weeks of running and aerobic fitness: a retrospective analysis based on the fun running program. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1019. [PMID: 38609934 PMCID: PMC11010386 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18484-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Students' physical fitness, particularly aerobic fitness, has seriously declined during the COVID-19 epidemic. However, in the post-epidemic era, there are few studies on the methods of improving aerobic fitness. Understanding the dose-response relationship between physical activity and aerobic fitness is crucial for developing effective exercise prescriptions. METHOD This retrospective study reviewed the Fun Running program at Wannan Medical College in China. We conducted a pre-post study design to analyze the impact of 15 weeks of Fun Running training on aerobic fitness. Middle and long-distance running pace (MLDR-P) was used as the primary indicator of aerobic fitness. A paired sample T-test was used to analyze the differences between the two MLDR-Ps. Pearson's correlation was used to examine the correlation between variables. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the extent to which Fun Running components explain the variance in MLDR-P. RESULTS A total of 3244 college students participated in this study. 15 weeks of Fun Running training can significantly improve the MLDR-P in both females (P < 0.001, ES = 0.68) and males (P < 0.001, ES = 0.72). The MLDR-P was significantly correlated with Fun Running (R2 = 0.95, p < 0.05, for females; R2 = 0.96, p < 0.05, for males). The component that had the greatest impact on MLDR-P was pace (β = 1.39, for females; β = 1.09, for males), followed by distance (β = 0.49, for females; β = 0.15, for males), and last frequency (β = -0.03, for all). CONCLUSION This study fills the gap in research on the dose-response relationship between running and aerobic fitness among college students in the post-epidemic era. The results show that 15 weeks of Fun Running training can significantly improve aerobic fitness. Examination of the dose-response relationship between Fun Running and MLDR-P provides practitioners with valuable insights into prescribing aerobic fitness training, allowing them to develop more effective training programs. Future research should focus on how to implement a hierarchical Fun Running program effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixuan Tao
- Department of Public Foundation, Wannan Medical College, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Xugui Sun
- Department of Public Foundation, Wannan Medical College, 241000, Wuhu, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Public Foundation, Wannan Medical College, 241000, Wuhu, China.
| | - Ergang Zhu
- Department of Public Foundation, Wannan Medical College, 241000, Wuhu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Vecellio DJ, Lagoa CM, Conroy DE. Physical Activity Dependence on Relative Temperature and Humidity Characteristics in a Young, Insufficiently Active Population: A Weather Typing Analysis. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:357-364. [PMID: 38290496 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is an important contributor to one's physical and mental health both acutely and across the lifespan. Much research has done on the ambient environment's impact on PA; however, these studies have used absolute values of atmospheric measures such as temperature and humidity, which vary spatiotemporally and make comparisons between studies which differ in location or time of year difficult to square with one another. METHODS Here, we employ the Global Weather Type Classification, Version 2, to determine the combined impact of temperature and humidity on PA in a sample of insufficiently active young adults. We conducted secondary analyses of data from a single-group behavioral intervention trial that varied the number of digital messages sent daily. Young adults (n = 81) wore Fitbit Versa smartwatches for a 6-month period sometime between April 2019 and July 2020, and location was tracked using a custom smartphone application. RESULTS Mixed linear models indicated that, across 8179 person-days, PA was significantly lower on days with humid conditions and significantly higher on warm dry days, though the latter relationship was no longer significant when controlling for timing in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic declaration. Demographic factors did not affect the relationship between weather and PA. CONCLUSIONS Results are a first step in providing additional guidance for encouraging PA in insufficiently active individuals given forecasted daily weather conditions. Future work should examine seasonal variability in the weather type-PA relationship without the influence of a world-altering event influencing results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Vecellio
- Center for Healthy Aging, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Constantino M Lagoa
- School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - David E Conroy
- Center for Healthy Aging, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tobin SY, Halliday TM, Shoaf K, Burns RD, Baron KG. Associations of Anxiety, Insomnia, and Physical Activity during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:428. [PMID: 38673339 PMCID: PMC11050371 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anxiety, insomnia, and physical activity (PA) are interrelated, but the bi-directional relationships between these three variables are not well understood. Less is known of these relationships in settings of disrupted daily activities and acute stress. This study aimed to characterize and examine relationships between insomnia, anxiety, and PA throughout the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, when many lifestyle behaviors were disrupted. METHODS Participants comprised a convenience sample of 204 adults (55.4% female; 43.85 ± 15.85 years old) who completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) at three time points through the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-lagged panel model was used to evaluate these variables' concurrent, autoregressive, and cross-lagged relationships across time. Follow-up dynamic panel modeling using maximum likelihood and structural equation modeling was employed. RESULTS Approximately 64% of participants reported their work/occupation as affected by the pandemic. At baseline, associations between anxiety and insomnia were observed (β-coefficient: 15.87; p < 0.001). Insomnia was a positive future predictor of anxiety (ISI time point 2: 7.9 ± 5.6 points; GAD-7 at time point 3: 4.1 ± 4.2 points; β-coefficient: 0.16; p < 0.01). No associations were observed between PA and anxiety or insomnia (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Insomnia and anxiety were interrelated, and effects were cross-lagged. These data can inform future work focused on improving anxiety in settings of acute stress and disruptions to daily life, such as changes in occupational structure and stability. Specifically, targeting sleep parameters may be of interest to elicit downstream positive health behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selene Y. Tobin
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (T.M.H.); (R.D.B.)
| | - Tanya M. Halliday
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (T.M.H.); (R.D.B.)
| | - Kimberley Shoaf
- Department of Family and Preventative Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (K.S.); (K.G.B.)
| | - Ryan D. Burns
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (T.M.H.); (R.D.B.)
| | - Kelly G. Baron
- Department of Family and Preventative Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (K.S.); (K.G.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Guardia T, Cote KA, Healey MK, Gammage KL, Campbell KL. Self-reported physical activity and sleep quality is associated with working memory function in middle-aged and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND COGNITION. SECTION B, AGING, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38555591 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2024.2333066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
While previous work has shown a positive relationship between cognitive performance and lifestyle factors in younger adults, evidence for this relationship among middle-aged and older adults has been mixed. The current study aimed to further test the relationship among physical activity, sleep quality, and memory performance in middle-aged and older adults, and to test whether this relationship holds up during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results showed that physical activity was associated with better sleep quality and better working memory performance, and better sleep quality was associated with better working memory and self-perceptions of everyday memory abilities. Additionally, we found that the effects of physical activity on working memory were partially mediated by sleep quality. While these effects were small and only correlational in nature, they lend further support to the notion that sleep quality and physical activity are beneficial to memory later in life, even during a global pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Guardia
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
| | - Kimberly A Cote
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
| | - M Karl Healey
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Miller HN, Gallis JA, Berger MB, Askew S, Egger JR, Kay MC, Finkelstein EA, de Leon M, DeVries A, Brewer A, Holder MG, Bennett GG. Weight Gain Prevention Outcomes From a Pragmatic Digital Health Intervention With Community Health Center Patients: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e50330. [PMID: 38416574 PMCID: PMC11009856 DOI: 10.2196/50330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity and its associated comorbidities continue to rise in the United States. Populations who are uninsured and from racial and ethnic minority groups continue to be disproportionately affected. These populations also experience fewer clinically meaningful outcomes in most weight loss trials. Weight gain prevention presents a useful strategy for individuals who experience barriers to weight loss. Given the often-limited weight management resources available to patients in primary care settings serving vulnerable patients, evaluating interventions with pragmatic designs may help inform the design of comprehensive obesity care delivered in primary care. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Balance, a 2-arm, 12-month pragmatic randomized controlled trial of a digital weight gain prevention intervention, delivered to patients receiving primary care within federally qualified community health centers. METHODS Balance was a 2-arm, 12-month pragmatic randomized controlled trial of a digital weight gain prevention intervention delivered to individuals who had a BMI of 25-40 kg/m2, spoke English or Spanish, and were receiving primary care within a network of federally qualified community health centers in North Carolina. The Balance intervention was designed to encourage behavioral changes that result in a slight energy deficit. Intervention participants received tailored goal setting and tracking, skills training, self-monitoring, and responsive health coaching from registered dietitians. Weight was measured at regular primary care visits and documented in the electronic health record. We compared the percentage of ≤3% weight gain in each arm at 24 months after randomization-our primary outcome-using individual empirical best linear unbiased predictors from the linear mixed-effects model. We used individual empirical best linear unbiased predictors from participants with at least 1 electronic health record weight documented within a 6-month window centered on the 24-month time point. RESULTS We randomized 443 participants, of which 223 (50.3%) participants were allocated to the intervention arm. At baseline, participants had a mean BMI of 32.6 kg/m2. Most participants were Latino or Hispanic (n=200, 45.1%) or non-Latino or Hispanic White (n=115, 26%). In total, 53% (n=235) of participants had at least 1 visit with weight measured in the primary time window. The intervention group had a higher proportion with ≤3% weight gain at 6 months (risk ratio=1.12, 95% CI 0.94-1.28; risk difference=9.5, 95% CI -4.5 to 16.4 percentage points). This difference attenuated to the null by 24 months (risk ratio=1.00, 95% CI 0.82-1.20; risk difference=0.2, 95% CI -12.1 to 11.0 percentage points). CONCLUSIONS In adults with overweight or obesity receiving primary care at a community health center, we did not find long-term evidence to support the dissemination of a digital health intervention for weight gain prevention. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03003403; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03003403. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s12889-019-6926-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailey N Miller
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - John A Gallis
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Miriam B Berger
- Duke Digital Health Science Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sandy Askew
- Duke Digital Health Science Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Joseph R Egger
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Melissa C Kay
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Eric Andrew Finkelstein
- Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | | | - Ashley Brewer
- Piedmont Health Services, Inc, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Marni Gwyther Holder
- Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Gary G Bennett
- Duke Digital Health Science Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Trinity College of Arts & Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Takács J, Deák D, Koller A. Higher level of physical activity reduces mental and neurological symptoms during and two years after COVID-19 infection in young women. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6927. [PMID: 38519586 PMCID: PMC10960016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57646-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies found that regular physical activity (PA) can lower the risk of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection and post-COVID-19 condition (PCC), yet its specific effects in young women have not yet been investigated. Thus, we aimed to examine whether regular physical activity reduces the number of symptoms during and after COVID-19 infection among young women aged between 18 and 34 (N = 802), in which the confounding effect of other morbidities could be excluded. The average time since infection was 23.5 months. Participants were classified into low, moderate, and high PA categories based on the reported minutes per week of moderate and vigorous PA. Using the Post-COVID-19 Case Report Form, 50 different symptoms were assessed. Although regular PA did not decrease the prevalence of COVID-19 infection and PCC but significantly reduced the number of mental and neurological symptoms both in acute COVID-19 and PCC. Importantly, the high level of PA had a greater impact on health improvements. In addition, the rate of reinfection decreased with an increased level of PA. In conclusion, a higher level of regular PA can reduce the risk of reinfection and the number of mental and neurological symptoms in PCC underlying the importance of regular PA, even in this and likely other viral disease conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Takács
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Darina Deák
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Akos Koller
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, HUN-REN-SE Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disease Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Research Center for Sport Physiology, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Owens CD, Bonin Pinto C, Detwiler S, Olay L, Pinaffi-Langley ACDC, Mukli P, Peterfi A, Szarvas Z, James JA, Galvan V, Tarantini S, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z, Kirkpatrick AC, Prodan CI, Yabluchanskiy A. Neurovascular coupling impairment as a mechanism for cognitive deficits in COVID-19. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae080. [PMID: 38495306 PMCID: PMC10943572 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Components that comprise our brain parenchymal and cerebrovascular structures provide a homeostatic environment for proper neuronal function to ensure normal cognition. Cerebral insults (e.g. ischaemia, microbleeds and infection) alter cellular structures and physiologic processes within the neurovascular unit and contribute to cognitive dysfunction. COVID-19 has posed significant complications during acute and convalescent stages in multiple organ systems, including the brain. Cognitive impairment is a prevalent complication in COVID-19 patients, irrespective of severity of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, overwhelming evidence from in vitro, preclinical and clinical studies has reported SARS-CoV-2-induced pathologies in components of the neurovascular unit that are associated with cognitive impairment. Neurovascular unit disruption alters the neurovascular coupling response, a critical mechanism that regulates cerebromicrovascular blood flow to meet the energetic demands of locally active neurons. Normal cognitive processing is achieved through the neurovascular coupling response and involves the coordinated action of brain parenchymal cells (i.e. neurons and glia) and cerebrovascular cell types (i.e. endothelia, smooth muscle cells and pericytes). However, current work on COVID-19-induced cognitive impairment has yet to investigate disruption of neurovascular coupling as a causal factor. Hence, in this review, we aim to describe SARS-CoV-2's effects on the neurovascular unit and how they can impact neurovascular coupling and contribute to cognitive decline in acute and convalescent stages of the disease. Additionally, we explore potential therapeutic interventions to mitigate COVID-19-induced cognitive impairment. Given the great impact of cognitive impairment associated with COVID-19 on both individuals and public health, the necessity for a coordinated effort from fundamental scientific research to clinical application becomes imperative. This integrated endeavour is crucial for mitigating the cognitive deficits induced by COVID-19 and its subsequent burden in this especially vulnerable population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron D Owens
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Camila Bonin Pinto
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Sam Detwiler
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
| | - Lauren Olay
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
| | - Ana Clara da C Pinaffi-Langley
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
| | - Peter Mukli
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Departments of Public Health, Translational Medicine and Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Anna Peterfi
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Departments of Public Health, Translational Medicine and Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Zsofia Szarvas
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Departments of Public Health, Translational Medicine and Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Judith A James
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Veronica Galvan
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Departments of Public Health, Translational Medicine and Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Departments of Public Health, Translational Medicine and Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Departments of Public Health, Translational Medicine and Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Angelia C Kirkpatrick
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
| | - Calin I Prodan
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine/Departments of Public Health, Translational Medicine and Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Rada C, Faludi C, Lungu M. Emotional, coping factors and personality traits that influenced alcohol consumption in Romanian students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:733. [PMID: 38454357 PMCID: PMC10918990 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18247-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, after 3 months from the installation of the state of emergency on the territory of Romania, data were collected from 677 students and master's students, to explore the problematic alcohol consumption (AC). METHODS The evaluation was done with: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales, Strategic Coping Approach Scale and The Freiburg Personality Inventory. The statistical methods used were linear regression with bootstrap procedure, Spearman's rank correlation, and the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS More than half were affected by depression or anxiety of moderate to extremely severe intensity. The prevalence of problematic alcohol consumption was low: (Hazardous and Extremely Hazardous (2.3) and Medium Risk (10.2). Early onset increases the subsequent risk of problematic AC, compared to women, men recorded a higher AC (p <.01). Anxiety, antisocial action, personality traits Aggressiveness and Somatic complaints had the effect of increasing the alcohol consumption score (p <.01). Significant but weak positive correlations between AC on one hand, and depression, anxiety, stress and antisocial action on the other hand were found (p <.01). CONCLUSIONS Probably the prevalence of AC was low as a result of the fact that most respondents were studying in the field of health promotion and as a result of the closure of entertainment venues. This study advocates for the education of youngsters to clearly express their opinions without violating the boundaries of others' feelings (assertive action) and to act prudently in dangerous or uncertain situations (cautious action) since these coping mechanisms were not associated with problematic alcohol consumption. The promotion of positive, achievement-oriented, life attitudes is equally important, as these characteristics of the Life Satisfaction personality dimensions were also found as non-determinants of alcohol-induced problems. The association of problematic AC with antisocial actions as a coping mechanism and high scores on Aggressiveness calls for interventions to educate the younger generation how to acquire and adopt healthy mechanisms to control tensions without resorting to alcohol consumption, more so as the two variables reinforce each other. Drinking as a means of gaining courage must be carefully reconsidered since anxiety generally hits back, often in increased levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Rada
- Biomedical Department, Francisc I. Rainer Institute of Anthropology, Romanian Academy, Academy House 13 September Avenue, No. 13, 5th District, 050711, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Cristina Faludi
- Faculty of Sociology and Social Work, Social Work Department, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Lungu
- Argeș County Centre for Educational Resources and Assistance, Pitești, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Al-Mohannadi AS, Farooq A, Salman A, Ghram A, Al-Harahsheh ST, Majed L, Sayegh S, Cardinale M. The effects of the first wave of COVID-19 restrictions on physical activity: a longitudinal study from "step into health" program in Qatar. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1333546. [PMID: 38510355 PMCID: PMC10951068 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1333546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic led to restrictions that prevented physical activity in public places. This study sought to conduct a comprehensive longitudinal analysis of how lockdown policies in an Arabian Gulf country influenced the patterns of physical activity during first wave. Methods In a longitudinal study design, members of the ongoing "Step into health" community-based health promotion program who provided valid pedometer data from January to August 2020, covering pre, during and post-covid first wave period met the inclusion criteria. Results 420 (76.7% men, 13.8% ≤40 years) were included in the study. Overall, significant decline in daily step counts was recorded (-1,130 ± SE302) after the implementation of lockdown policies (p < 0.001). When the restrictions were removed, the steps per day were still lower compared to pre-covid for men (-910 ± SE610, p = 0.017) and among individuals with normal BMI (-1,304 ± SE409, p = 0.004). The lockdown in Qatar did not significantly affect women and individuals with obesity who already had lower daily steps pre-covid. Discussion The present study confirms immediate decline in daily steps imposed indirectly through the COVID-19 lockdown measures. Participants with higher physical activity levels pre-covid experienced significant decline in step count during and even after restrictions were uplifted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdulaziz Farooq
- Aspetar, Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Research and Scientific Support, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmad Salman
- Department of Public Health Practice, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amine Ghram
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Heart Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Research Laboratory "Heart Failure, LR12SP09", Hospital Farhat HACHED of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (Hl-Pivot) Network, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Lina Majed
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Qatar Foundation, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Suzan Sayegh
- Modern University for Business and Science, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marco Cardinale
- Aspetar, Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Research and Scientific Support, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Targeted Intervention, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Alsaqqa RM, Alasmari RM, Altalhi RA, Filfilan N. The Impact of Quarantine on Physical Activity, Body Weight, and Eating Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e56460. [PMID: 38638729 PMCID: PMC11025412 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Since February 2020, the number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in Saudi Arabia has been rising. The Saudi Arabian government implemented strict lockdown measures in March 2020 in an effort to stop the spread of the virus. Globally, changes in socioeconomic levels and health during quarantine have been reported. Additional detrimental effects of the stay-at-home mandate include less physical activity among adult populations, anxiety, stress, and emotional eating. This study aimed to assess the impact of quarantine during the COVID‑19 pandemic on physical activity practice and weight. Methodology This cross-sectional study was conducted using a newly developed validated online questionnaire survey. The data were collected during quarantine in June 2020, including each adult who lived in Saudi Arabia during the quarantine. The data were reviewed and analyzed using SPSS version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results A total of 4,970 eligible participants completed the study survey. About 78.1% of the study participants performed physical activity inside the house during the pandemic. Overall, 30.9% reported increased body weight during the lockdown, and the most reported cause of increased body weight was feeling bored and empty. Regarding factors associated with physical activity and weight changes, 82.2% of participants aged 25-30 years performed physical activity during the pandemic. Increased weight was significantly higher among participants aged more than 30 years. Conclusions This study shows an increased level of physical activity among the study participants during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially among younger, female, and unmarried participants. More than half of the participants reported weight change, either weight gain or weight loss. Weight gain was higher in older participants. Regarding eating habits, there was an increased tendency toward eating a healthy diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nuha Filfilan
- Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Marendić M, Aranza D, Aranza I, Vladislavić S, Kolčić I. Differences between Health and Non-Health Science Students in Lifestyle Habits, Perceived Stress and Psychological Well-Being: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:620. [PMID: 38474748 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate lifestyle habits in health and non-health science students from the University of Split, Croatia, and to evaluate their association with perceived stress and psychological well-being. We surveyed 783 students during February-March 2021. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used in the analysis. Health science students spent less time using screens, were sitting less, slept less, but also showed better compliance with the Mediterranean diet compared to non-health science students (10.6% vs. 5.9%). There were no differences in stress and well-being perception between the two study groups. Female gender, lack of sleep, less daily sitting time, anxiety, and lower optimism were associated with higher stress in non-health science students, while anxiousness and more sitting were found to be significant among health students. Well-being among health science students was positively associated with BMI, having had COVID-19, being refreshed after waking up during working days, Mediterranean diet adherence, health perception, optimism, and quality of life, and negatively with TV time and anxiousness. Shorter sleep duration on non-working days, feeling refreshed after waking up on non-working days, higher quality of life and optimism, and lower anxiousness were associated with higher well-being among non-health students. Identifying unhealthy lifestyle habits in students is essential for implementing targeted interventions to better their health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Marendić
- University Department of Health Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Diana Aranza
- University Department of Health Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivan Aranza
- Institute of Emergency Medicine of Split-Dalmatia County, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Silvija Vladislavić
- University Department of Health Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Kolčić
- School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Algebra LAB, Algebra University College, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Psychiatric Clinic Sveti Ivan, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gałczyk M, Zalewska A, Sobolewski M, Fernandes H. Assessment of physical activity levels and back pain among poles and Portuguese in the further year of the COVID-19 pandemic - a pilot study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:582. [PMID: 38395826 PMCID: PMC10885362 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vast majority of people have experienced the problem of back pain at least once in their lives for a variety of reasons. It is well known that regular physical activity at a moderate level has a number of health benefits regardless of age or gender with positive effects on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory or nervous systems improving fitness levels. During the pandemic, Poland experienced one of the longest periods of school lockdown in Europe. In Portugal, this period was considerably shorter. The aim of this study was to determine the level of physical activity and back pain as well as relationship between physical activity and back pain in a group of Polish and Portuguese students in the following year the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The study was conducted via the Internet among students from Poland and Portugal (398 respondents - 229 from Poland and 169 from Portugal) in October 2022. In the pilot study, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and The Oswestry Disability Index and Neck Disability Index questionnaires were used to assess the level of back pain. RESULTS There are no statistically significant differences in the level of physical activity and pain complaints of respondents from the two countries. At least half of the students do not report any pain complaints (median in some groups being 0). In the Portuguese men, there is a correlation between the level of physical activity and the Neck Disability Index score (p = 0.0304). CONCLUSIONS The following year, after the pandemic COVID-19 was declared, the prevalence of back pain among students in Poland and Portugal is still significant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gałczyk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomza, 14 Akademicka St., 18-400, Lomza, Poland
| | - Anna Zalewska
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomza, 14 Akademicka St., 18-400, Lomza, Poland
| | - Marek Sobolewski
- Plant of Quantitative Methods, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstancow Warszawy 12, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Hélder Fernandes
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Líška D, Rutkowski S, Oplatková L, Sýkora J, Pupiš M, Novák J, Urbářová E, Rutkowska A, Busch A, Kobesova A. Comparison of the level of physical activity after the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:47. [PMID: 38360814 PMCID: PMC10868077 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00833-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with limited physical activity (PA) of most of the world's population. This cross-sectional prospective study aimed to assess the levels of PA of university students in Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia after COVID-19 using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). METHODS A total of 2635 students completed questionnaires regarding their PA levels using the IPAQ-SF between September and December 2022. RESULTS PA measured by metabolic equivalent of task (MET) scores, varied between the three countries: Slovakia median MET-minutes/week score 4459.9; Czech Republic 3838.8 Poland 3567.1. The results of the post hoc analysis revealed there were significant differences in MET-minutes/week values between the Czech Republic and Poland (p < 0.035) as well as between the Czech Republic and Slovakia (p < 0.037). The analysis of energetic expenditure during walking revealed that students from the Czech Republic and Slovakia had higher median MET-min/weeks values (Czech 2284.1; Slovak 2467.1) compared to their Polish (1536.1) peers (p < 0.001). Polish cohort presented with significantly higher body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001) than Czech and Slovak groups (BMI Czech: 22.3; Slovak 22.8; Polish 23.8). CONCLUSIONS Significant differences in PA levels between the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia university students were identified. Slovakia showed the highest median PA measured as a MET score, and Poland showed the lowest. Compared to available pre-COVID studies it seems the total level of PA in the observed cohorts has not returned to the pre-COVID levels and students remain less active.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Líška
- Faculty of Sports Science and Health , Matej Bel University, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - S Rutkowski
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
| | - L Oplatková
- Department of Rehabilitation Sports Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Sýkora
- Faculty of Sports Science and Health , Matej Bel University, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - M Pupiš
- Faculty of Sports Science and Health , Matej Bel University, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - J Novák
- Department of Rehabilitation Sports Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - E Urbářová
- Rehabilitation Prague School, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Rutkowska
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
| | - A Busch
- Department of Health and Human Kinetics, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA
| | - Alena Kobesova
- Department of Rehabilitation Sports Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Rehabilitation Prague School, Prague, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bergquist SH, Wang D, Fall R, Bonnet JP, Morgan KR, Munroe D, Moore MA. Effect of the Emory Healthy Kitchen Collaborative on Employee Health Habits and Body Weight: A 12-Month Workplace Wellness Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:517. [PMID: 38398841 PMCID: PMC10892851 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Teaching kitchens are being used to facilitate lifestyle changes with a focus on culinary and nutrition programs to improve health behaviors. Less is known regarding their use as a worksite wellness program and their influence on employees' quality of life, body weight, and adoption of healthy behaviors. We evaluated changes in self-reported healthy behaviors, overall health, and weight during a one-year multidisciplinary teaching kitchen program. METHODS Thirty-eight benefits-eligible employees were recruited, screened based on a priori eligibility criteria that prioritized elevated body mass index (BMI), co-morbid conditions, and high levels of motivation to make lifestyle changes, and consented to participate in The Emory Healthy Kitchen Collaborative. This 12-month program included a 10-week didactic and experiential curriculum followed by continued support and access to health coaching implemented in an academic health system university hospital workplace between 2019 and 2020. Comparative statistics, paired t-test, Mcnemar's tests, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to assess changes at four time points. RESULTS Participants improved diet quality (p ≤ 0.0001), increased confidence in tasting new foods (p = 0.03), and increased mindful eating habits (p = 0.00002). Significant changes were seen in physical activity levels; aerobic activities (p = 0.007), strength resistance activities (p = 0.02), and participation in yoga (p = 0.002). Most participants weighed within 5 lbs. of their starting weight at 3 months (p = 0.57). CONCLUSIONS A teaching kitchen intervention is an innovative model for improving employee health behaviors and general health self-perception.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Danyang Wang
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA (J.P.B.); (D.M.)
| | - Rokhaya Fall
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (S.H.B.)
| | - Jonathan P. Bonnet
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA (J.P.B.); (D.M.)
| | - Krystyna R. Morgan
- Woodruff Health Sciences Center, Office of Well-Being, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Dominique Munroe
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA (J.P.B.); (D.M.)
| | - Miranda A. Moore
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (S.H.B.)
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA (J.P.B.); (D.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cando LFT, Quebral EPB, Ong EP, Catral CDM, Relador RJL, Velasco AJD, Alcazar RMU, Reyes NAL, Pilotin EJB, Ornos EDB, Paz-Pacheco E, Tantengco OAG. Current status of diabetes mellitus care and management in the Philippines. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2024; 18:102951. [PMID: 38382166 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2024.102951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
AIMS In this paper, we discuss the existing data on the burden of diabetes in the Philippines and present the status of management, prevention, and control of diabetes in the country. METHODS A review of literature was conducted to synthesize the status of diabetes mellitus in the Philippines. RESULTS An estimated 4.3 million Filipinos were diagnosed with diabetes, while 2.8 million remained undiagnosed in 2021. Diabetic retinopathy is a top cause of preventable blindness in Region 3, Philippines. Diabetic nephropathy contributes to 38% of renal disease cases in the Philippines. The 2021 Philippine Guidelines on Periodic Health Examination (PhEX) advocate for the utilization of fasting blood sugar (FBS) as a screening measure for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in healthy adults aged 40 years and older or in those with specified risk factors. The alternative option of hemoglobin A1c is (HbA1c) deemed appropriate but comes with a conditional recommendation due to its uneven accessibility across different regions of the country. Treatment guidelines align between the Philippines and the US. Initial medical nutrition therapy involves healthy habits, progressing to pharmacologic treatment if necessary. Financial constraints, seen in limited insurance coverage and high out-of-pocket costs, impede care, amplifying disease impact. The complex diabetes care, encompassing pharmacotherapy, nutrition, exercise, and monitoring, faced challenges during COVID-19 quarantines. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the paper outlines diabetes care principles-screening, diagnostics, and multidisciplinary care-alongside economic implications. Local and national initiatives are discussed to mitigate diabetes trends and reduce its burden in the Philippines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Faye T Cando
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Elgin Paul B Quebral
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines; Virology Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Erika P Ong
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Ruth Joy L Relador
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | | | | | | | - Er Joshua B Pilotin
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Eric David B Ornos
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Elizabeth Paz-Pacheco
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital, Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines
| | - Ourlad Alzeus G Tantengco
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines; Department of Biology, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wu KA, Anastasio AT, Kim JK, Choudhury A, Adams SB. Evaluating the impact of work from home policies on Google search Trends related to ankle surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Work 2024:WOR230621. [PMID: 38306085 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic caused notable shifts in healthcare behavior, influenced by remote work policies. This study examines the impact of Work from Home (WFH) policies on public interest in ankle-related orthopaedic surgeries, utilizing Google search trends. Understanding these trends is crucial for healthcare providers, enabling them to adapt services and communication to evolving patient needs during challenging times. OBJECTIVE To comprehend variations in search volume and trends for ankle-related queries due to WFH policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Ankle-related terms accessible to laypersons were analyzed using Google Trends data from March 2018 to March 2022 in the United States. Data were divided into pre-pandemic (March 2018-March 2020) and post-pandemic (March 2020-March 2022) periods. Weekly search interest data for 20 terms were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney U test. The study aimed to identify significant changes in search interest, providing insights into public information-seeking behavior concerning ankle surgeries. RESULTS Among the 20 terms analyzed, 11 exhibited significant changes. Ankle arthritis and ankle bursitis showed increased interest, suggesting heightened concern during the pandemic. Conversely, post-pandemic interest decreased for terms 9 terms, including ankle pain and ankle tendonitis, indicating reduced worry. Moderate declines were noted for ankle gout, Achilles tendonitis, and heel bursitis, reflecting shifting patient priorities. Some terms, including ankle fracture and ankle arthroplasty, showed stable information-seeking behavior despite the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS The study underscores the nuanced impact of WFH policies on public interest in ankle-related orthopaedic surgeries. Varied search trends highlight changing patient concerns. Healthcare providers can use these insights to tailor services effectively, meeting evolving patient needs and enhancing communication strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Wu
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke University Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Joshua K Kim
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Samuel B Adams
- Duke University Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pandiyan U, Sathian B, Kariyathankavil I, Saad R, Al Kuwari F, Alexander PJ, Hanif S, Zabat L. Impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) disease pandemic on healthy lifestyle behaviors in persons with and without disabilities in Qatar. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1279663. [PMID: 38260774 PMCID: PMC10801014 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1279663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lifestyle behaviors which included physical activity, sedentariness, healthy eating habits, sleep habits, and tobacco use in persons with and without disabilities in Qatar. Methods This cross-sectional study used a structured, online questionnaire. The collected data included demographics, mental health, physical health, eating habits, body weight, sleep, and nicotine intake. This study was conducted between September 25, 2020, and December 31, 2020. Results Seventy respondents from Qatar participated in the study. Pre-pandemic healthy lifestyle behaviors (physical activity, healthy diet, sleep, etc.) showed no significant differences between people with and without disabilities. However, perceived changes in mental and physical health and eating habits during the pandemic lockdown differed between people with and without disabilities. People with disabilities reported worsening mental health (64.7%), physical health (53%), and dietary habits compared to the pre-pandemic levels. Furthermore, the more severe the disability, the more significant is its impact on mental and physical health. Conclusion This study indicated that the pandemic has had a significant impact on the mental and physical health of people with and without disabilities in Qatar. These findings reveal how closely individuals with disabilities and their lifestyle choices are related to their mental and physical well-being. This will enable the development of specific interventions for similar situations in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uma Pandiyan
- Qatar Rehabilitation Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Brijesh Sathian
- Geriatrics and Long-Term Care Department, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Rafat Saad
- Qatar Rehabilitation Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fatma Al Kuwari
- Qatar Rehabilitation Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Saquib Hanif
- Qatar Rehabilitation Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Loubna Zabat
- Qatar Rehabilitation Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Onadeko K, Walker TJ, Craig DW, Szeszulski J, Pavlovic A, DeFina LF, Kohl HW. Comparing the Use and Effectiveness of In-Person and Remote Physical Education Delivery During the COVID-19 Pandemic. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2024; 55:24-32. [PMID: 38264143 PMCID: PMC10803051 DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2023.2277945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical Education is a key component to improve youth health, but there is limited information on Physical Education delivery in different formats. PURPOSE We compared PE formats (in-person versus remote) across evaluation aspects: weekly minutes; perceived effectiveness; and student-to-teacher ratio. METHODS We distributed questionnaires (2020-2021 school year) to school contacts who represented NFL Play 60 FitnessGram® Project (n=216) schools in multiple US cities. Questionnaires entailed learning format, weekly PE minutes, perceived effectiveness, and student-to-teacher ratio. We used linear mixed models to compare PE formats across evaluation variables. RESULTS Among 165 schools, 10% (n=17) offered in-person instruction, 31% (n=51) offered remote instruction, and 59% offered both (n=97). Results revealed higher in-person PE minutes (77.2±7.3) compared to remote minutes (67.1±14.6), but results were not significantly different (p=0.19). School contacts reported significantly more effective in-person PE (4.0) than remote PE (2.8, p<0.001). In-person PE also had significantly smaller reported student-to-teacher ratio (16.7) compared to remote PE (23.7, p<0.001). DISCUSSION Findings indicate PE was offered during the pandemic, but remote learning appeared less effective than in-person PE. TRANSLATION to HEALTH EDUCATION PRACTICE Efforts are needed to improve remote PE to reinforce high-quality PE in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kempson Onadeko
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health
| | - Timothy J Walker
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health
| | - Derek W Craig
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health
| | | | | | | | - Harold W Kohl
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health
- The University of Texas at Austin
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Janssen E, Philippens N, Kremers S, Crutzen R. Outcomes of the combined lifestyle intervention CooL during COVID-19: a descriptive case series study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:40. [PMID: 38166961 PMCID: PMC10762946 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17501-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main objective of this nationwide study was to investigate changes in outcomes between baseline and eight months of participation regarding anthropometrics, control and support, physical activity, diet attentiveness, perceived fitness, sleep, and stress of participants in Coaching on Lifestyle (CooL), a Combined Lifestyle Intervention (CLI). Since the study took place when the COVID-19 pandemic emerged, we defined a subobjective, i.e., to address changes in intervention outcomes over time while participants were exposed to pandemic-related restrictions and uncertainties. METHODS Data were collected from November 2018 until October 2021 at different locations across the Netherlands from 1824 participating adults, meeting the CLI inclusion criteria. We collected a broad set of data on anthropometrics (weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference), control and support (self-mastery, social support), physical activity (sedentary time on least/most active days, physical active minutes), diet attentiveness (attentiveness to meal composition, awareness to amounts of food and attentiveness to consuming), alcohol consumption, smoking, perceived fitness (perceived health, fitness when waking, fitness during daytime, impact daily stress), sleep and stress. RESULTS All outcomes showed improvements after eight months compared to baseline except for social support and smoking. Large effect sizes were found on weight (0.57), waist circumference (0.50) and perceived health (0.50). Behaviour patterns showed small to large effect sizes, with the largest effect sizes on diet attentiveness (i.e., attentiveness to meal composition (0.43), awareness to amounts of food (0.58) and attentiveness to consuming (0.39)). The outcomes of participants pre COVID-19 versus during COVID-19 showed differences on self-mastery (p = 0.01), sedentary time (all underlying constructs p < 0.02), perceived fitness (all underlying constructs p < 0.02) and stress (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The results show that small changes in multiple behaviours go along with a large positive change in perceived health and health-related outcomes in line with the lifestyle coaching principles. In addition, participating in CooL may have protected against engaging in unhealthier behaviour during the pandemic. TRIAL REGISTRATION As the CLI is considered usual health care that does not fall within the scope of the Dutch Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act, this study was exempt from trial registration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ester Janssen
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Nicole Philippens
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stef Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rik Crutzen
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI, Care & Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhou W, Liang Z, Fan Z, Li Z. Spatio-temporal effects of built environment on running activity based on a random forest approach in nanjing, China. Health Place 2024; 85:103176. [PMID: 38244248 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Running activity is closely related to the urban built environment in terms of mental and physical health, and this relationship can change as a result of spatio-temporal changes. Most studies, however, do not account for this and assume a linear relationship exists between the built environment and running activity. This study, therefore, collected running data spanning 2019-2022, studied spatial distribution of four-year running activity, established built environment indicators, used a random forest approach to investigate the non-linear relationship between them, and evaluated spatio-temporal changes in the relationships over time. The findings suggested that running activities are spatially clustered and the degree of clustering varies over time, and nonlinear relationships and threshold effects between the built environment and running activity can be found through the random forest algorithm and partial dependence plots. Urban park green space, greenway, and the normalized difference vegetation index had the most significant effects on running activity. The effects of population, buildings, streets, road intersections, and points of interest on running activity changed during the Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. In 2022, however, these effects were consistent with those during the pre-pandemic period. Our findings fill research gaps by using spatio-temporal analysis and a non-linear approach; they can also provide a reference for urban planners in building running-suitable and healthy cities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanyun Zhou
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210037, China.
| | - Zhengyuan Liang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210037, China.
| | - Zhengxi Fan
- School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210096, China.
| | - Zhiming Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210037, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Younas M, Dong Y, Menhas R, Li X, Wang Y, Noor U. Alleviating the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Physical, Psychological Health, and Wellbeing of Students: Coping Behavior as a Mediator. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:5255-5270. [PMID: 38164325 PMCID: PMC10758179 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s441395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Public health procedures under the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown policy negatively affect people's health. Students' physical issues have been increased due to restrictions which further impact their psychological and overall well-being. Objective The research looks at the influence of coping behavior in mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on students' physical/psychological health and general well-being. Methods The study's participants were chosen from a pool of 2200 people using convenience sampling. Using an anonymous online poll, the main data were gathered. The collected data were analyzed by using Smart-PLS. Results From eight direct correlations, seven were found to be true, except the route pandemic -> overall wellbeing, which was not true. Furthermore, it was shown that the mediating effect of coping behavior was statistically significant in the routes of mediation. Conclusion Coping strategies have a significant role in how a person responds to trying circumstances. Our study's results suggest that coping strategies had a statistically significant mediation role in reducing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is concluded that appropriate coping strategies are an effective adaptation of a protective barrier against the damaging effects of COVID-19 on health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Younas
- School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Dong
- School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rashid Menhas
- Research Center of Sport and Social Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Li
- School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Uzma Noor
- School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Musa DI, Toriola AL, Bamidele BB, Lawal B, Sunday A, Toriola OO, Ahmed JM, David A. Elite athletes and sports training during the COVID-19 pandemic: A mini review. ARAB GULF JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1108/agjsr-04-2023-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
PurposeThe corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had devastating impact on sporting activities, education and global health. Given the impact of the pandemic-related restrictions and closed fitness centers and other sports facilities, the coping strategies adopted by athletes while training at home to continue their training remain an important question. The purpose of this review is to examine the findings of key studies focusing on the impact of the pandemic on sport training.Design/methodology/approachA review was conducted on Google Scholar, Scopus and PubMed to identify articles on physical activity and sport training during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eligibility criteria included peer-reviewed empirical and quantitative studies. The selected articles were reviewed using contextual analysis.FindingsThe COVID-19 pandemic had devastating impact on sports activities globally. Studies evaluating the influence of the pandemic on sports training have revealed abysmal decline in training volume and general physical fitness, limited access to facilities and equipment and significant reduction in training load. The damage of the pandemic on the sporting world should serve as a guide for proactive steps that should be taken to prevent recurrence of a similar calamity.Originality/valueThis paper highlights important lessons to be learned from the lockdown imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic by stakeholders in sport, including the importance of improvisation of sports facilities by utilizing available spaces at home and neighborhood for physical training.
Collapse
|
46
|
DeBlauw JA, Stenson M, Mel A, German D, Jaggernauth A, Lora B, Schabes N, Walker R, Yusuf F, Ives SJ. The Impact of COVID-19 Health and Safety Measures on the Self-Reported Exercise Behaviors and Mental Health of College Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:7163. [PMID: 38131715 PMCID: PMC10742486 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20247163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The public-health restrictions (e.g., remote learning, restricted access to facilities and dining halls) put in place by colleges to reduce the spread of COVID-19 resulted in forced isolation and modifications to health-related behaviors. The restrictions and uncertainty associated with COVID-19 may have exacerbated the challenges of meeting exercise recommendations and mental-health concerns. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of restrictions on students' exercise habits and their levels of anxiety, stress, and depression. Five-hundred and forty students completed a 29-question survey on individual demographics, living arrangements, exercise, sleep, diet, and mental health. Significant changes in weekly days of exercise and intensity were reported. Increases in anxiety, stress, and depression were reported. The two most frequently reported changes in exercise behavior were an increase in minutes of aerobic training (5%) and a combination of reduced minutes of aerobic and resistance training (3.9%), which could be reflective of an individual's ability and/or desire to maintain exercise behavior during the restrictions. Alternatively, for those students who reduced their exercise habits, aerobic training (11%) was the mode that suffered the most. Demographic factors such as ethnicity, regional residence, and gender were found to have significant effects on stress, anxiety, and depression. Amidst pandemics and future health emergencies, colleges should prioritize establishing opportunities for students to exercise, helping them meet physical activity recommendations and combat mental-health issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin A. DeBlauw
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA (B.L.)
| | - Mary Stenson
- Applied Human Sciences, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Astrid Mel
- Exercise Science, Mercy University, Dobbs Ferry, NY 10522, USA;
| | - Daniela German
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA (B.L.)
| | - Aaron Jaggernauth
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA (B.L.)
| | - Brian Lora
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA (B.L.)
| | - Noa Schabes
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA (B.L.)
| | - Raymani Walker
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA (B.L.)
| | - Farouq Yusuf
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA (B.L.)
| | - Stephen J. Ives
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA (B.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Hokstad A, Thommessen B, Ihle-Hansen H, Indredavik B, Døhl Ø, Askim T. Reduced physical activity level was associated with poorer quality of life during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic: a sub-study of the last-long trial. J Rehabil Med 2023; 55:jrm12352. [PMID: 38058014 PMCID: PMC10719864 DOI: 10.2340/jrm.v55.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess how physical activity levels changed in a stroke cohort during the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, and how these changes were associated with quality of life (QoL). METHODS Between March and July 2021, 150 patients with stroke already included in the Life after Stroke (LAST-long) trial in Norway were invited to participate in this cross-sectional survey. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire assessing changes in physical activity and self-reported health following the pandemic. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to explore the association between physical activity, loneliness, mental health, social activity and QoL. RESULTS In all, 118 (79%) participants completed the questionnaire. A total of 80 (68%) reported less physical activity, 46 (39%) felt lonelier, and 43 (37%) reported worse mental health, while 50 (42%) reported reduced QoL compared with before the lockdown. In the univariate analyses less physical activity, feeling lonelier and changes in mental health were associated with reduced QoL. In the multivariate analysis only less physical activity odds ratio (OR) = 4.04 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.44-11.34, p = 0.008) was significantly associated with reduced QoL. CONCLUSION More than two-thirds of patients with stroke reported reduced physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, and less physical activity was strongly associated with reduced QoL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Hokstad
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Bente Thommessen
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Håkon Ihle-Hansen
- Stroke Unit, Medical Department, Bærum Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust
| | - Bent Indredavik
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Stroke, Clinic of Medicine, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department Department of Medical Quality Registries, St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øystein Døhl
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Finance, City of Trondheim, Norway
| | - Torunn Askim
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yin ZJ, Xiao H, McDonald S, Brusic V, Qiu TY. Dynamically adjustable SVEIR(MH) model of multiwave epidemics: Estimating the effects of public health measures against COVID-19. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29301. [PMID: 38087460 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic was characterized by multiple subsequent, overlapping outbreaks, as well as extremely rapid changes in viral genomes. The information about local epidemics spread and the epidemic control measures was shared on a daily basis (number of cases and deaths) via centralized repositories. The vaccines were developed within the first year of the pandemic. New modes of monitoring and sharing of epidemic data were implemented using Internet resources. We modified the basic SEIR compartmental model to include public health measures, multiwave scenarios, and the variation of viral infectivity and transmissibility reflected by the basic reproduction number R0 of emerging viral variants. SVEIR(MH) model considers the capacity of the medical system, lockdowns, vaccination, and changes in viral reproduction rate on the epidemic spread. The developed model uses daily infection reports for assessing the epidemic dynamics, and daily changes of mobility data from mobile phone networks to assess the lockdown effectiveness. This model was deployed to six European regions Baden-Württemberg (Germany), Belgium, Czechia, Lombardy (Italy), Sweden, and Switzerland for the first 2 years of the pandemic. The correlation coefficients between observed and reported infection data showed good concordance for both years of the pandemic (ρ = 0.84-0.94 for the raw data and ρ = 0.91-0.98 for smoothed 7-day averages). The results show stability across the regions and the different epidemic waves. Optimal control of epidemic waves can be achieved by dynamically adjusting epidemic control measures in real-time. SVEIR(MH) model can simulate different scenarios and inform adjustments to the public health policies to achieve the target outcomes. Because this model is highly representative of actual epidemic situations, it can be used to assess both the public health and socioeconomic effects of the public health measures within the first 7 days of the outbreak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-Jing Yin
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital; Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity; Intelligent Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Stuart McDonald
- Smart Medicine Laboratory, School of Economics, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
| | - Vladimir Brusic
- Smart Medicine Laboratory, School of Economics, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
| | - Tian-Yi Qiu
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital; Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity; Intelligent Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kekäläinen T, Luchetti M, Terracciano A, Gamaldo AA, Mogle J, Lovett HH, Brown J, Rantalainen T, Sliwinski MJ, Sutin AR. Physical activity and cognitive function: moment-to-moment and day-to-day associations. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:137. [PMID: 37993862 PMCID: PMC10666351 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01536-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial effect of acute physical exercise on cognitive performance has been studied in laboratory settings and in long-term longitudinal studies. Less is known about these associations in everyday environment and on a momentary timeframe. This study investigated momentary and daily associations between physical activity and cognitive functioning in the context of everyday life. METHODS Middle-aged adults (n = 291, aged 40-70) were asked to wear accelerometers and complete ecological momentary assessments for eight consecutive days. Processing speed and visual memory were assessed three times per day and self-rated evaluations of daily cognition (memory, thinking, and sharpness of mind) were collected each night. The number of minutes spent above the active threshold (active time) and the maximum vector magnitude counts (the highest intensity obtained) before each cognitive test and at a daily level were used as predictors of momentary cognitive performance and nightly subjective cognition. Analyses were done with multilevel linear models. The models were adjusted for temporal and contextual factors, age, sex, education, and race/ethnicity. RESULTS When participants had a more active time or higher intensity than their average level within the 20 or 60 minutes prior to the cognitive test, they performed better on the processing speed task. On days when participants had more active time than their average day, they rated their memory in the evening better. Physical activity was not associated with visual memory or self-rated thinking and sharpness of mind. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel evidence that outside of laboratory settings, even small increases in physical activity boost daily processing speed abilities and self-rated memory. The finding of temporary beneficial effects is consistent with long-term longitudinal research on the cognitive benefits of physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiia Kekäläinen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Martina Luchetti
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Antonio Terracciano
- Department of Geriatrics, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Alyssa A Gamaldo
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | | | - Hephzibah H Lovett
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Justin Brown
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Timo Rantalainen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Angelina R Sutin
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bell EC, O'Halloran P, Wallis JA, Crossley KM, Gibbs AJ, Lee A, Jennings S, Barton CJ. Using SUpported Motivational InTerviewing (SUMIT) to increase physical activity for people with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot, feasibility randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e075014. [PMID: 37989380 PMCID: PMC10668304 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of using SUpported Motivational InTerviewing (SUMIT) to increase physical activity in people with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). DESIGN Randomised controlled trial. SETTING We recruited people who had completed Good Life with osteoArthritis Denmark (GLA:D) from private, public and community settings in Victoria, Australia. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomised participants to receive SUMIT or usual care. SUMIT comprised five motivational interviewing sessions targeting physical activity over 10 weeks, and access to a multimedia web-based platform. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-two participants were recruited (17 SUMIT, 15 control) including 22 females (69%). OUTCOME MEASURES Feasibility outcomes included recruitment rate, adherence to motivational interviewing, ActivPAL wear and drop-out rate. Effect sizes (ESs) were calculated for daily steps, stepping time, time with cadence >100 steps per minute, time in bouts >1 min; 6 min walk distance, Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscales (pain, symptoms, function, sport and recreation, and quality of life (QoL)), Euroqual, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, 30 s chair stand test and walking speed during 40 m walk test. RESULTS All feasibility criteria were achieved, with 32/63 eligible participants recruited over seven months; with all participants adhering to all motivational interviewing calls and achieving sufficient ActivPAL wear time, and only two drop-outs (6%).12/15 outcome measures showed at least a small effect (ES>0.2) favouring the SUMIT group, including daily time with cadence >100 steps per minute (ES=0.43). Two outcomes, walking speed (ES= 0.97) and KOOS QoL (ES=0.81), showed a large effect (ES>0.8). CONCLUSION SUMIT is feasible in people with knee osteoarthritis. Potential benefits included more time spent walking at moderate intensity, faster walking speeds and better QoL. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12621000267853.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Catherine Bell
- La Trobe Sport & Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, Cabrini Health, Malvern, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul O'Halloran
- La Trobe University School of Psychology and Public Health, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jason A Wallis
- La Trobe Sport & Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, Cabrini Health, Malvern, Victoria, Australia
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kay M Crossley
- La Trobe Sport & Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison J Gibbs
- La Trobe Sport & Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Lee
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sophie Jennings
- Department of Physiotherapy, Cabrini Health, Malvern, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christian J Barton
- La Trobe Sport & Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|