1
|
Jia Z, Qiu F, He Y, Chen H, Yang C, Liu H, Zheng T, Xu S, Wang S, Li Y. The fetal origins of metabolic health: exploring the association between newborn biological age and metabolism hormones in childhood. BMC Med 2024; 22:429. [PMID: 39379967 PMCID: PMC11462715 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03629-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere length (TL), mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), and DNA methylation age (DNAmAge) are common aging biomarkers. However, research on the associations between these three markers at birth and subsequent metabolic status was limited. This study aimed to evaluate the association between TL, mtDNAcn, and DNAmAge in newborns and the variation in metabolic hormones of children at 3 years old. METHODS This research involved 895 mother-child pairs from a birth cohort in China, with TL and mtDNAcn measured using quantitative real-time PCR, DNA methylation (DNAm) assessed using Infinium MethylationEPIC Beadchip, and DNAm age (DNAmAge) determined using Horvath's epigenetic clock. Insulin and leptin levels were measured via electrochemiluminescence assay. Multivariable adjusted linear regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were utilized to examine the association between aging markers and metabolic hormones. RESULTS The linear regression analysis indicated the percentage change of metabolism hormones for per doubling of aging biomarkers alterations and found significant associations between DNAmAge and insulin levels (adjusted percent change (95% CI), - 13.22 (- 23.21 to - 1.94)), TL and leptin levels (adjusted percent change (95% CI), 15.32 (1.32 to 31.24)), and mtDNAcn and leptin levels (adjusted percent change (95% CI), - 14.13 (- 21.59 to - 5.95)). The RCS analysis revealed significant non-linear associations between TL (Ln transformed) and insulin (Ln transformed) (P = 0.024 for nonlinearity), as well as DNAmAge (Ln transformed) and leptin (Ln transformed) (P = 0.043 for nonlinearity). Specifically, for TL and insulin, a positive association was observed when TL (Ln transformed) was less than - 0.05, which transitioned to an inverse association when TL (Ln transformed) was greater than - 0.05. Regarding DNAmAge and leptin, there was a sharp decline when DNAmAge (Ln transformed) was less than - 1.35, followed by a plateau between - 1.35 and - 0.67 and then a further decline when DNAmAge (Ln transformed) was greater than - 0.67. CONCLUSIONS In this prospective birth cohort study, variation in metabolic hormones of children at 3 years old was associated with TL, mtDNAcn, and DNAmAge at birth. These findings suggested that TL, mtDNAcn, and DNAmAge might play a role in the biological programming of metabolic health from birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxian Jia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yujie He
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Chenhui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Hongxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China.
| | - Shiqiong Wang
- Institute of Maternal and Children Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430016, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mills A, Nassabeh S, Hurley A, Shouldis L, Chantler PD, Dakhlallah D, Olfert IM. Influence of gestational window on offspring vascular health in rodents with in utero exposure to electronic cigarettes. J Physiol 2024; 602:4271-4289. [PMID: 39106241 PMCID: PMC11376404 DOI: 10.1113/jp286493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown cerebrovascular dysfunction in offspring with full-gestational electronic cigarette (Ecig) exposure, but little is known about how individual trimester exposure impacts offspring health. This study aimed to determine if there is a critical window during gestation that contributes to vascular and anxiety-like behavioural changes seen with full-term exposure. To test this, rats were time-mated, and the pregnant dams were randomly assigned to Ecig exposure during first trimester (gestational day, GD2-7), second trimester (GD8-14), third trimester (GD15-21) or full-term gestation (GD2-21). We also assessed the effect of maternal preconception exposure. Both male and female offspring from all maternal exposure conditions were compared to offspring from dams under ambient air (control) conditions. Ecig exposure consisted of 60-puffs/day (5 days/week) using either 5 or 30 watts for each respective exposure group. We found that maternal exposure to Ecig in the second and third trimesters resulted in a decrease (23-38%) in vascular reactivity of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) reactivity in 3- and 6-month-old offspring compared to Air offspring. Further, the severity of impairment was comparable to the full-term exposure (31-46%). Offspring also displayed changes in body composition, body mass, anxiety-like behaviour and locomotor activity, indicating that Ecigs influence neurodevelopment and metabolism. Maternal preconception exposure showed no impact on offspring body mass, anxiety-like behaviour, or vascular function. Thus, the critical exposure window where Ecig affects vascular development in offspring occurs during mid- to late-gestation in pregnancy, and both 5 W and 30 W exposure produce significant vascular dysfunction compared to Air. KEY POINTS: Exposure to electronic cigarettes (Ecigs) is known to increase risk factors for cardiovascular disease in both animals and humans. Maternal Ecig use during pregnancy in rodents is found to impair the vascular health of adolescent and adult offspring, but the critical gestation window for Ecig-induced vascular impairment is not known. This study demonstrates Ecig exposure during mid- and late-gestation (i.e. second or third trimester) results in impaired endothelial cell-mediated dilatation (i.e. middle cerebral artery reactivity) and alters anxiety-like behaviour in offspring. Maternal exposure prior to conception did not impact offspring's vascular or anxiety-like behavioural outcomes. Rodent models have been a reliable and useful predictor of inhalation-induced harm to humans. These data indicate maternal use of Ecigs during pregnancy should not be considered safe, and begin to inform clinicians and women about potential long-term harm to their offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amber Mills
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology & Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Sydney Nassabeh
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Audra Hurley
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Lainey Shouldis
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Paul D Chantler
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Duaa Dakhlallah
- Department of Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - I Mark Olfert
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology & Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Talmo MSA, Fløysand IS, Nilsen GØ, Løvvik TS, Ødegård R, Juliusson PB, Vanky E, Simpson MR. Growth Restriction in the Offspring of Mothers With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2430543. [PMID: 39190302 PMCID: PMC11350484 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.30543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder, characterized by subfertility, increased risk of metabolic diseases, and pregnancy complications. Previous studies diverge regarding the association between maternal PCOS and newborn anthropometrics. Objective To explore the association between maternal PCOS and newborn anthropometrics and the modifying effects of maternal body mass index, PCOS phenotype, and gestational diabetes. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study followed up women from the first half of pregnancy to birth and combined data from 3 clinical trials of pregnant women with PCOS and a reference population consisting of participants in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort (MoBa) Study, with data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. The recruitment period for the clinical trials was between October 1, 2000, and August 31, 2017, and for MoBa, between July 1, 1999, and December 31, 2008. Participants included women with singleton pregnancies and live-born children. Data were analyzed from January 1 to June 15, 2023. Exposure Maternal PCOS status. Main Outcomes and Measures Newborn birth weight, birth length, and head circumference as continuous variables and z scores, and ponderal index (calculated as the birth weight in grams × 100 divided by the birth length in centimeters cubed), placenta weight, and ratio of birth weight to placenta weight (BWPW). Results The cohort included 390 pregnant women with PCOS (mean [SD] age, 29.6 [4.2] years) and 68 708 women in the reference group (mean [SD] age, 30.4 [4.5] years). Offspring in the PCOS group had lower birth weight, birth length, and head circumference than in the reference group offspring. The estimated mean differences in z scores were -0.26 (95% CI, -0.38 to -0.14) for birth weight, -0.19 (95% CI, -0.33 to -0.05) for birth length, and -0.13 (95% CI, -0.26 to -0.01) for head circumference. The PCOS group also had a lower ponderal index (-0.04 [95% CI, -0.07 to -0.004] g × 100/cm3) and placenta weight (-24 [95% CI, -43 to -5)] g), and higher BWPW ratio (0.4 [95% CI, 0.3 to 0.5]). The association between growth restriction and PCOS was more apparent when additionally adjusting for body mass index. Neither PCOS phenotype nor gestational diabetes diagnosis was associated with neonatal anthropometry in women with PCOS. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort of mother-infant pairs, maternal PCOS status was associated with lower birth weight, shorter birth length, and smaller head circumference in the offspring. This growth restriction was more pronounced when adjusting for BMI, providing insight into the association between PCOS and body mass index. The study contributed to the understanding of how PCOS affects the offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maren Sophie Aaserud Talmo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingvild Skogedal Fløysand
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Tone S. Løvvik
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rønnaug Ødegård
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Centre for Obesity Research, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Petur Benedikt Juliusson
- Department of Health Registry Research and Development, National Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eszter Vanky
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Melanie Rae Simpson
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiang Y, Lai X. Clinical features of early-onset type 2 diabetes and its association with triglyceride glucose-body mass index: a cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1356942. [PMID: 38529395 PMCID: PMC10962922 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1356942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The incidence of early-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) has increased significantly, with insulin resistance (IR) and obesity being the main drivers of its onset. This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics of early-onset T2D and its association with triglyceride glucose body mass index (TyG-BMI), an emerging surrogate of IR. Methods A total of 1000 adults newly diagnosed with T2D were enrolled and divided into early-onset T2D (18~40 years, N=500) and late-onset T2D groups (≥40 years, N=500). Independent t and chi-squared tests were used to compare the characteristics of the two groups, and logistic regression analysis, trend tests, restricted cubic spline curves (RCSs), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to identify the relationship between TyG-BMI and early-onset T2D. Results Patients with early-onset T2D were more likely to have a higher body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), serum uric acid (SUA), triglyceride glucose index (TyG), and TyG-BMI (P < 0.05). A higher TyG-BMI was associated with an increased risk of early-onset T2D (P < 0.001). The RCSs showed a nonlinear relationship between TyG-BMI and early-onset T2D, and the slope of the curve increased with an increase in TyG-BMI (P for nonlinearity < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis, additive interactions between TyG-BMI and the risk of early-onset T2D were observed for sex, family history of diabetes, BMI, fatty liver, and hypertension (P < 0.001). ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of TyG-BMI was 0.6781, which was larger than its main components (TyG, BMI, FPG, TG). The best cutoff value was 254.865, the sensitivity was 74.6%, and the specificity was 53.6%. Conclusion Patients with early-onset T2D are characterized by severe IR, metabolic disorders, and being overweight/obese and an increase in TyG-BMI is independently associated with an increased risk of early-onset T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoyang Lai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Burton JJN, Alonso LC. Overnutrition in the early postnatal period influences lifetime metabolic risk: Evidence for impact on pancreatic β-cell mass and function. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:263-274. [PMID: 38193815 PMCID: PMC10906026 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Overconsumption of energy-rich foods that disrupt caloric balance is a fundamental cause of overweight, obesity and diabetes. Dysglycemia and the resulting cardiovascular disease cause substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, as well as high societal cost. The prevalence of obesity in childhood and adolescence is increasing, leading to younger diabetes diagnosis, and higher severity of microvascular and macrovascular complications. An important goal is to identify early life conditions that increase future metabolic risk, toward the goal of preventing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. An ample body of evidence implicates prenatal and postnatal childhood growth trajectories in the programming of adult metabolic disease. Human epidemiological data show that accelerated childhood growth increases risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Type 2 diabetes results from the combination of insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell failure, but specific mechanisms by which accelerated postnatal growth impact one or both of these processes remain uncertain. This review explores the metabolic impact of overnutrition during postnatal life in humans and in rodent models, with specific attention to the connection between accelerated childhood growth and future adiposity, insulin resistance, β-cell mass and β-cell dysfunction. With improved knowledge in this area, we might one day be able to modulate nutrition and growth in the critical postnatal window to maximize lifelong metabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua JN Burton
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and the Joan and Sanford I. Weill Center for Metabolic Health, Weill Cornell MedicineNew York CityNew YorkUSA
| | - Laura C Alonso
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and the Joan and Sanford I. Weill Center for Metabolic Health, Weill Cornell MedicineNew York CityNew YorkUSA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Haapanen MJ, Vetrano DL, Mikkola TM, Calderón-Larrañaga A, Dekhtyar S, Kajantie E, Eriksson JG, von Bonsdorff MB. Early growth, stress, and socioeconomic factors as predictors of the rate of multimorbidity accumulation across the life course: a longitudinal birth cohort study. THE LANCET. HEALTHY LONGEVITY 2024; 5:e56-e65. [PMID: 38103563 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00231-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early growth, stress, and socioeconomic factors are associated with future risk of individual chronic diseases. It is uncertain whether they also affect the rate of multimorbidity accumulation later in life. This study aimed to explore whether early life factors are associated with the rate at which chronic diseases are accumulated across older age. METHODS In this national birth cohort study, we studied people born at Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland between Jan 1, 1934, and Dec 31, 1944, who attended child welfare clinics in the city, and were living in Finland in 1971. Individuals who had died or emigrated from Finland before 1987 were excluded, alongside participants without any registry data and who died before the end of the registry follow-up on Dec 31, 2017. Early anthropometry, growth, wartime parental separation, and socioeconomic factors were recorded from birth, child welfare clinic, or school health-care records, and Finnish National Archives. International Classification of Diseases codes of diagnoses for chronic diseases were obtained from the Care Register for Health Care starting from 1987 (when participants were aged 42-53 years) until 2017. Linear mixed models were used to study the association between early-life factors and the rate of change in the number of chronic diseases over 10-year periods. FINDINGS From Jan 1, 1934, to Dec 31, 2017, 11 689 people (6064 [51·9%] men and 5625 [48·1%] women) were included in the study. Individuals born to mothers younger than 25 years (β 0·09; 95% CI 0·06-0·12), mothers with a BMI of 25-30 kg/m2 (0·08; 0·05-0·10), and mothers with a BMI more than 30 kg/m2 (0·26; 0·21-0·31) in late pregnancy accumulated chronic diseases faster than those born to older mothers (25-30 years) and those with a BMI of less than 25 kg/m2. Individuals with a birthweight less than 2·5 kg (0·17; 0·10-0·25) and those with a rapid growth in height and weight from birth until age 11 years accumulated chronic diseases faster during their life course. Additionally, paternal occupational class (manual workers vs upper-middle class 0·27; 0·23-0·30) and wartime parental separation (0·24; 0·19-0·29 for boys; 0·31; 0·25-0·36 for girls) were associated with a faster rate of chronic disease accumulation. INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that the foundation for accumulating chronic diseases is established early in life. Early interventions might be needed for vulnerable populations, including war evacuee children and children with lower socioeconomic status. FUNDING Finska Läkaresällskapet, Liv och Hälsa rf, the Finnish Pediatric Research Foundation, and Folkhälsan Research Center. TRANSLATIONS For the Finnish and Swedish translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus J Haapanen
- Public Health Research Program, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Davide L Vetrano
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tuija M Mikkola
- Public Health Research Program, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Serhiy Dekhtyar
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Clinical Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Public Health Research Program, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, National University Singapore, Singapore; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Mikaela B von Bonsdorff
- Public Health Research Program, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Freuer D, Meisinger C. Causal effects of time-varying body size on selected autoimmune disorders: a life course Mendelian randomisation study. RMD Open 2023; 9:e003633. [PMID: 37963678 PMCID: PMC10649873 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on Barker's hypothesis, some studies investigated the associations between birth weight and several disorders. Apart from issues with statistical power and well-known shortcomings of the observational study design, there are no studies accounting for changes in weight-related body size over the life course regarding rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and multiple sclerosis. METHODS Using genetic information of up to 806 834 participants, this study investigated the associations between time-varying weight-related body size from birth to adulthood and the mentioned autoimmune diseases. Performing Mendelian randomisation (MR), the radial inverse-variance weighted approach was used iteratively in primary analyses. Robustness of the results was confirmed in several sensitivity analyses. Potential time-dependent mediation mechanisms were identified through network-clustering and assessed using multivariable MR. RESULTS Genetically predicted birth weight (fetal effect) was positively associated with rheumatoid arthritis (OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.17 to 1.77; Padj =0.005) but not with psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis or multiple sclerosis. This association was found to be mediated by body mass index (BMI) in adulthood (OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.14 to 1.84; Padj =0.019) rather than childhood. The direct effect of birth weight attenuated (OR 1.19; 95% CI 0.88 to 1.62); Padj =1) after adjustment for time-varying BMI. CONCLUSION Increased birth weight appears to be a risk factor for later manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis due to both fetal genetic components and high BMI persisting into adulthood. Approaches to prevent and minimise the risk of rheumatoid arthritis could include preventing obesity in adults with high birth weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Freuer
- Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alberry B, Silveira PP. Brain insulin signaling as a potential mediator of early life adversity effects on physical and mental health. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105350. [PMID: 37544390 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
In numerous brain structures, insulin signaling modulates the homeostatic processes, sensitivity to reward pathways, executive function, memory, and cognition. Through human studies and animal models, mounting evidence implicates central insulin signaling in the metabolic, physiological, and psychological consequences of early life adversity. In this review, we describe the consequences of early life adversity in the brain where insulin signaling is a key factor and how insulin may moderate the effects of adversity on psychiatric and cardio-metabolic health outcomes. Further understanding of how early life adversity and insulin signaling impact specific brain regions and mental and physical health outcomes will assist in prevention, diagnosis, and potential intervention following early life adversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie Alberry
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Patricia Pelufo Silveira
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fetal growth restriction followed by early catch-up growth impairs pancreatic islet morphology in male rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2732. [PMID: 36792668 PMCID: PMC9932152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28584-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR), followed by postnatal early catch-up growth, is associated with an increased risk of metabolic dysfunction, including type 2 diabetes in humans. This study aims to determine the effects of FGR and early catch-up growth after birth on the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, with particular attention to glucose tolerance, pancreatic islet morphology, and fibrosis, and to elucidate its mechanism using proteomics analysis. The FGR rat model was made by inducing mild intrauterine hypoperfusion using ameroid constrictors (ACs). On day 17 of pregnancy, ACs were affixed to the uterine and ovarian arteries bilaterally, causing a 20.9% reduction in birth weight compared to sham pups. On postnatal day 4 (P4), the pups were assigned to either the good nutrition (GN) groups with 5 pups per dam to ensure postnatal catch-up growth or poor nutrition groups with 15 pups per dam to maintain lower body weight. After weaning, all pups were fed regular chow food ad libitum (P21). Rats in both FGR groups developed glucose intolerance; however, male rats in the FGR good nutrition (FGR-GN) group also developed hypertriglyceridemia and dysmorphic pancreatic islets with fibrosis. A comprehensive and functional analysis of proteins expressed in the pancreas showed that FGR, followed by early catch-up growth, severely aggravated cell adhesion-related protein expression in male offspring. Thus, FGR and early catch-up growth caused pancreatic islet morphological abnormalities and fibrosis associated with the disturbance of cell adhesion-related protein expressions. These changes likely induce glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia in male rats.
Collapse
|
10
|
Folguieri MS, Franco ATB, Vieira AS, Gontijo JAR, Boer PA. Transcriptome and morphological analysis on the heart in gestational protein-restricted aging male rat offspring. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:892322. [PMID: 36353510 PMCID: PMC9638007 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.892322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Adverse factors that influence embryo/fetal development are correlated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type-2 diabetes, arterial hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance, impaired kidney development, psychiatric disorders, and enhanced susceptibility to oxidative stress and inflammatory processes in adulthood. Human and experimental studies have demonstrated a reciprocal relationship between birthweight and cardiovascular diseases, implying intrauterine adverse events in the onset of these abnormalities. In this way, it is plausible that confirmed functional and morphological heart changes caused by gestational protein restriction could be related to epigenetic effects anticipating cardiovascular disorders and reducing the survival time of these animals. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to the protein diet content offered during the pregnancy: a normal protein diet (NP, 17%) or a Low-protein diet (LP, 6%). The arterial pressure was measured, and the cardiac mass, cardiomyocytes area, gene expression, collagen content, and immunostaining of proteins were performed in the cardiac tissue of male 62-weeks old NP compared to LP offspring. Results: In the current study, we showed a low birthweight followed by catch-up growth phenomena associated with high blood pressure development, increased heart collagen content, and cardiomyocyte area in 62-week-old LP offspring. mRNA sequencing analysis identified changes in the expression level of 137 genes, considering genes with a p-value < 0.05. No gene was. Significantly changed according to the adj-p-value. After gene-to-gene biological evaluation and relevance, the study demonstrated significant differences in genes linked to inflammatory activity, oxidative stress, apoptosis process, autophagy, hypertrophy, and fibrosis pathways resulting in heart function disorders. Conclusion: The present study suggests that gestational protein restriction leads to early cardiac diseases in the LP progeny. It is hypothesized that heart dysfunction is associated with fibrosis, myocyte hypertrophy, and multiple abnormal gene expression. Considering the above findings, it may suppose a close link between maternal protein restriction, specific gene expression, and progressive heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina S. Folguieri
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Nucleus of Medicine and Experimental Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, FCM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana Teresa Barufi Franco
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Nucleus of Medicine and Experimental Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, FCM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - André Schwambach Vieira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - José Antonio Rocha Gontijo
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Nucleus of Medicine and Experimental Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, FCM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Patricia Aline Boer
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Nucleus of Medicine and Experimental Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, FCM, Campinas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mo J, Liu X, Huang Y, He R, Zhang Y, Huang H. Developmental origins of adult diseases. MEDICAL REVIEW (BERLIN, GERMANY) 2022; 2:450-470. [PMID: 37724166 PMCID: PMC10388800 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and mechanisms of developmental adult diseases have gradually attracted attention in recent years. Exposure of gametes and embryos to adverse environments, especially during plastic development, can alter the expression of certain tissue-specific genes, leading to increased susceptibility to certain diseases in adulthood, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neuropsychiatric, and reproductive system diseases, etc. The occurrence of chronic disease in adulthood is partly due to genetic factors, and the remaining risk is partly due to environmental-dependent epigenetic information alteration, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs. Changes in this epigenetic information potentially damage our health, which has also been supported by numerous epidemiological and animal studies in recent years. Environmental factors functionally affect embryo development through epimutation, transmitting diseases to offspring and even later generations. This review mainly elaborated on the concept of developmental origins of adult diseases, and revealed the epigenetic mechanisms underlying these events, discussed the theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Mo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xuanqi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yutong Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Renke He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hefeng Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kaur G, Porter CBM, Ashenberg O, Lee J, Riesenfeld SJ, Hofree M, Aggelakopoulou M, Subramanian A, Kuttikkatte SB, Attfield KE, Desel CAE, Davies JL, Evans HG, Avraham-Davidi I, Nguyen LT, Dionne DA, Neumann AE, Jensen LT, Barber TR, Soilleux E, Carrington M, McVean G, Rozenblatt-Rosen O, Regev A, Fugger L. Mouse fetal growth restriction through parental and fetal immune gene variation and intercellular communications cascade. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4398. [PMID: 35906236 PMCID: PMC9338297 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32171-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) affects 5-10% of pregnancies, and can have serious consequences for both mother and child. Prevention and treatment are limited because FGR pathogenesis is poorly understood. Genetic studies implicate KIR and HLA genes in FGR, however, linkage disequilibrium, genetic influence from both parents, and challenges with investigating human pregnancies make the risk alleles and their functional effects difficult to map. Here, we demonstrate that the interaction between the maternal KIR2DL1, expressed on uterine natural killer (NK) cells, and the paternally inherited HLA-C*0501, expressed on fetal trophoblast cells, leads to FGR in a humanized mouse model. We show that the KIR2DL1 and C*0501 interaction leads to pathogenic uterine arterial remodeling and modulation of uterine NK cell function. This initial effect cascades to altered transcriptional expression and intercellular communication at the maternal-fetal interface. These findings provide mechanistic insight into specific FGR risk alleles, and provide avenues of prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gurman Kaur
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Caroline B M Porter
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Orr Ashenberg
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jack Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Samantha J Riesenfeld
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matan Hofree
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maria Aggelakopoulou
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Subita Balaram Kuttikkatte
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kathrine E Attfield
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christiane A E Desel
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- University Department of Neurology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jessica L Davies
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hayley G Evans
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Inbal Avraham-Davidi
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lan T Nguyen
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Danielle A Dionne
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Lise Torp Jensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas R Barber
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Elizabeth Soilleux
- Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Rd, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
| | - Mary Carrington
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gil McVean
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aviv Regev
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Lars Fugger
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cossa-Moiane I, Roucher C, Mac Quene T, Campos-Ponce M, de Deus N, Polman K, Doak C. Association between Intestinal Parasite Infections and Proxies for Body Composition: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112229. [PMID: 35684029 PMCID: PMC9182792 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
It has long been recognized that intestinal parasite infections and undernutrition are closely linked. However, little is known about the role of intestinal parasite infections (IPIs), or parasite clearance, in these processes. The aim of this scoping review was to summarize published evidence on the association between IPIs and body composition. PRISMA guidelines, PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were searched up until June 2021. Studies reporting on IPIs in relation to (proxies for) body composition were eligible. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. Twenty-four studies were included, two Randomized Control Trials (RCTs) and 22 observational. Most observational studies showed IPIs to be associated with lower Body Mass Index (BMI) or being underweight as proxies for body composition. One RCT showed no effect of antiparasitic treatment on body composition, while the other one showed a significant post-treatment increase in body fat, as measured by BMI z-scores and skinfolds. This review lends support to distinct associations between IPIs and body composition. More longitudinal studies are needed using direct measures of body composition to investigate whether weight gained after antiparasitic treatment concerns an increase in body fat or healthy weight gain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Idalécia Cossa-Moiane
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), Maputo 264, Mozambique;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium; (C.R.); (K.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +258-843273270
| | - Clémentine Roucher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium; (C.R.); (K.P.)
| | - Tamlyn Mac Quene
- Centre for Global Surgery, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa;
| | - Maiza Campos-Ponce
- Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Nilsa de Deus
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), Maputo 264, Mozambique;
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo 3453, Mozambique
| | - Katja Polman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium; (C.R.); (K.P.)
- Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Colleen Doak
- Center for Health Sciences Education, College of Health Sciences, St. Ambrose University, Davenport, IA 52803, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ni Y, Lancaster R, Suonpera E, Bernardi M, Fahy A, Larsen J, Trickett J, Hurst JR, Wolke D, Johnson S, Marlow N. Growth in extremely preterm children born in England in 1995 and 2006: the EPICure studies. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2022; 107:193-200. [PMID: 34257100 PMCID: PMC8867260 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-321107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine growth outcomes at 11 years of age in children born <27 weeks of gestation in England in 2006 (EPICure2) and to compare growth from birth to 11 years of age for births<26 weeks with those in England in 1995 (EPICure). METHODS 200 EPICure2 children assessed at 11 years alongside 143 term-born controls. Growth measures from birth to 11 years were compared for births<26 weeks between EPICure2 (n=112) and EPICure (n=176). Growth parameter z-scores were derived from 1990 UK standards. RESULTS Among EPICure2 children, mean z-scores for height and weight were close to the population standards (0.08 and 0.18 SD, respectively) but significantly below those of controls: difference in mean (Δ) z-scores for weight -0.42 SD (95% CI -0.68 to -0.17), for height -0.45 SD (-0.70 to -0.20) and for head circumference (HC) -1.05 SD (-1.35 to -0.75); mean body mass index (BMI) z-score in EPICure2 children was 0.18 SD, not significantly different from controls (0.43 SD, p=0.065). Compared with EPICure, EPICure2 children born <26 weeks at 11 years had higher z-scores for weight (Δ 0.72 (0.47, 0.96)), height (Δ 0.55 (0.29, 0.81)) and BMI (Δ 0.56 (0.24, 0.87)), which were not fully explained by perinatal/demographic differences between eras. Weight catch-up was greater from term-age to 2.5/3 years in EPICure2 than in EPICure (1.25 SD vs 0.53 SD; p<0.001). Poor HC growth was observed in EPICure2, unchanged from EPICure. CONCLUSIONS Since 1995, childhood growth in weight, height and BMI have improved for births <26 weeks of gestation, but there was no improvement in head growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Ni
- EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK .,Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Rebecca Lancaster
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Emmi Suonpera
- EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Amanda Fahy
- EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Larsen
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jayne Trickett
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - John R Hurst
- UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK,Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Samantha Johnson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Neil Marlow
- EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mechanisms Underlying the Expansion and Functional Maturation of β-Cells in Newborns: Impact of the Nutritional Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042096. [PMID: 35216239 PMCID: PMC8877060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional maturation of insulin-secreting β-cells is initiated before birth and is completed in early postnatal life. This process has a critical impact on the acquisition of an adequate functional β-cell mass and on the capacity to meet and adapt to insulin needs later in life. Many cellular pathways playing a role in postnatal β-cell development have already been identified. However, single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic analyses continue to reveal new players contributing to the acquisition of β-cell identity. In this review, we provide an updated picture of the mechanisms governing postnatal β-cell mass expansion and the transition of insulin-secreting cells from an immature to a mature state. We then highlight the contribution of the environment to β-cell maturation and discuss the adverse impact of an in utero and neonatal environment characterized by calorie and fat overload or by protein deficiency and undernutrition. Inappropriate nutrition early in life constitutes a risk factor for developing diabetes in adulthood and can affect the β-cells of the offspring over two generations. A better understanding of these events occurring in the neonatal period will help developing better strategies to produce functional β-cells and to design novel therapeutic approaches for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.
Collapse
|
16
|
He Y, Li J, Yue T, Zheng W, Guo Y, Zhang H, Chen L, Li C, Li H, Cui C, Qi X, Su B. Seasonality and Sex-Biased Fluctuation of Birth Weight in Tibetan Populations. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 2:64-71. [PMID: 36939792 PMCID: PMC9590487 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-021-00038-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Birth weight (BW) is a key determinant of infant mortality. Previous studies have reported seasonal fluctuation of BW. However, the responsible environmental factors remain disputable. High-altitude environment provides a great opportunity to test the current hypotheses due to its distinctive climate conditions. We collected BW data of ~ 9000 Tibetan singletons born at Lhasa (elevation: 3660 m) from 2014 to 2018. Using regression models, we analyzed BW seasonality of highland Tibetans. Multivariate models with meteorological factors as independent variables were employed to examine responsible environmental factors accounting for seasonal variation. We compared BW, low-BW prevalence and sex ratio between highland and lowland populations, and we observed a significant seasonal pattern of BW in Tibetans, with a peak in winter and a trough in summer. Notably, there is a marked sex-biased pattern of BW seasonality (more striking in males than in females). Sunlight exposure in the 3rd trimester and barometric pressure exposure in the 2nd trimester are significantly correlated with BW, and the latter can be explained by seasonal change of oxygen partial pressure. In particular, due to the male-biased BW seasonality, we found a more serious BW reduction and higher prevalence of low-BW in males, and a skewed sex ratio in highlanders. The infant BW of highland Tibetans has a clear pattern of seasonality. The winter BW is larger than the summer BW, due to the longer sunlight exposure during the late-trimester. Male infants are more sensitive to hypoxia than female infants during the 2nd trimester, leading to more BW reduction and higher mortality. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43657-021-00038-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxi He
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223 China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223 China
| | - Jun Li
- Fukang Obstetrics, Gynecology and Children Branch Hospital, Tibetan Fukang Hospital, Lhasa, 850000 China
- High Altitude Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Tibetan University, Lhasa, 850000 China
| | - Tian Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223 China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Wangshan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223 China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Yongbo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223 China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223 China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223 China
| | - Li Chen
- Fukang Obstetrics, Gynecology and Children Branch Hospital, Tibetan Fukang Hospital, Lhasa, 850000 China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Fukang Obstetrics, Gynecology and Children Branch Hospital, Tibetan Fukang Hospital, Lhasa, 850000 China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Fukang Obstetrics, Gynecology and Children Branch Hospital, Tibetan Fukang Hospital, Lhasa, 850000 China
| | - Chaoying Cui
- High Altitude Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Tibetan University, Lhasa, 850000 China
| | - Xuebin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223 China
- Fukang Obstetrics, Gynecology and Children Branch Hospital, Tibetan Fukang Hospital, Lhasa, 850000 China
| | - Bing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223 China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223 China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Placental Dysfunction in Assisted Reproductive Pregnancies: Perinatal, Neonatal and Adult Life Outcomes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020659. [PMID: 35054845 PMCID: PMC8775397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstetric and newborn outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART) pregnancies are associated with significative prevalence of maternal and neonatal adverse health conditions, such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. These data are interpreted as anomalies in placentation involving a dysregulation of several molecular factors and pathways. It is not clear which extent of the observed placental alterations are the result of ART and which originate from infertility itself. These two aspects probably act synergically for the final obstetric risk. Data show that mechanisms of inappropriate trophoblast invasion and consequent altered vascular remodeling sustain several clinical conditions, leading to obstetric and perinatal risks often found in ART pregnancies, such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction and placenta previa or accreta. The roles of factors such as VEGF, GATA3, PIGF, sFLT-1, sEndoglin, EGFL7, melatonin and of ART conditions, such as short or long embryo cultures, trophectoderm biopsy, embryo cryopreservation, and supraphysiologic endometrium preparation, are discussed. Inflammatory local conditions and epigenetic influence on embryos of ART procedures are important research topics since they may have important consequences on obstetric risk. Prevention and treatment of these conditions represent new frontiers for clinicians and biologists involved in ART, and synergic actions with researchers at molecular levels are advocated.
Collapse
|
18
|
Lee HJ, Lim YH, Hong YC, Shin CH, Lee YA. Body Mass Index Changes and Insulin Resistance at Age 4: A Prospective Cohort Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:872591. [PMID: 35677718 PMCID: PMC9169890 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.872591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to investigate whether body mass index (BMI) changes are associated with fasting glucose and insulin resistance (IR) in early childhood. METHODS From the Environment and Development of Children (EDC) cohort, 334 children who visited at ages 2 and 4 were included in this study. Height and weight were measured at ages 2 and 4, and fasting glucose and insulin were assessed at age 4. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated as insulin (μIU/ml) × glucose (mg/dl)/405. The BMI Z-score [BMI (Z)] quartiles for each age group were defined as Q4, ≥75th percentile; Q2-3, 25th to 75th percentile; and Q1, <25th percentile. Glucose, insulin, and the HOMA-IR were compared between groups according to the change in BMI (Z) from age 2 to 4. RESULTS Children who stayed in Q4 at both ages had higher fasting glucose (92.2 vs. 88.0 and 87.1 mg/dl), insulin (3.2 vs. 2.5 and 2.3 μIU/ml), and HOMA-IR (0.68 vs. 0.54 and 0.52) than children who stayed in Q1 or Q2-3 (all P<0.01). Children in Q4 at both ages had higher fasting glucose than children whose BMI (Z) increased from Q1 or Q2-3 to Q4 (92.2 vs. 87.3, P<0.001). The BMI (Z) category at age 2 of children who were in Q2-3 at age 4 did not affect glucose or IR at 4 years. CONCLUSION The group of children within the highest BMI (Z) quartile at both 2 and 4 years of age had higher fasting glucose and IR at age 4 than any other BMI (Z) change group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Young Ah Lee,
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Early Life Influences on Hearing in Adulthood: a Systematic Review and Two-Step Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis. Ear Hear 2021; 43:722-732. [PMID: 34882620 PMCID: PMC9007099 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Adverse prenatal and early childhood development may increase susceptibility of hearing loss in adulthood. The objective was to assess whether indices of early development are associated with adult-onset hearing loss in adults ≥18 years. Design: In a systematic review and meta-analysis, four electronic databases were searched for studies reporting associations between indices of early development (birth weight and adult height) and adult-onset hearing loss in adults ≥18 years. We screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. Authors were contacted to provide adjusted odds ratios from a logistic regression model for relationships between birth weight/adult height and normal/impaired hearing enabling a two-step individual patient data random-effects meta-analysis to be carried out. The study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020152214. Results: Four studies of birth weight and seven of adult height were identified. Three studies reported smaller birth weight associated with poorer adult hearing. Six studies reported shorter height associated with poorer hearing. Risk of bias was low to moderate. Four studies provided data for two-step individual patient data random-effects meta-analysis. Odds of hearing impairment were 13.5% lower for every 1 kg increase in birth weight [OR: 0.865 (95% confidence interval: 0.824 to 0.909)] in adulthood over two studies (N=81,289). Every 1 cm increase in height was associated with a 3% reduction in the odds of hearing impairment [OR: 0.970 (95% confidence interval: 0.968 to 0.971)] over four studies (N=156,740). Conclusions: Emerging evidence suggests that adverse early development increases the likelihood of hearing impairment in adulthood. Research and public health attention should focus on the potential for prevention of hearing impairment by optimizing development in early life.
Collapse
|
20
|
Ofenheimer A, Breyer-Kohansal R, Hartl S, Burghuber OC, Krach F, Franssen FME, Wouters EFM, Breyer MK. Using Body Composition Groups to Identify Children and Adolescents at Risk of Dyslipidemia. CHILDREN 2021; 8:children8111047. [PMID: 34828760 PMCID: PMC8625256 DOI: 10.3390/children8111047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The impact of body composition on the early origin of chronic diseases is an increasingly appreciated phenomenon. Little is known about the characteristics of children with varying body composition. The aim of this study was to investigate serum lipid profiles and other characteristics in relation to body composition. The data of 1394 participants (aged 6 to <18 years) of the observational general population-based Austrian LEAD Study have been analyzed. Body composition groups were defined by appendicular lean mass (ALMI) and fat mass (FMI) indices assessed by DXA. Serum lipid profiles (triglycerides, LDL-c, HDL-c) and other characteristics (e.g., prematurity, smoke exposure, physical activity, nutrition) were investigated in these body composition groups. Different body composition groups, which are not distinguishable by BMI, exist. Children with high ALMI and high FMI showed higher triglycerides and LDL-c, but lower HDL-c levels. In contrast, levels did not differ between those with high FMI but low (or normal) ALMI, and other body composition groups. BMI should be interpreted cautiously, and body composition should be measured by more precise techniques. In particular, children and adolescents with high FMI who have concomitantly high ALMI should be followed closely in future studies to investigate whether they are at increased risk of cardiovascular problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Ofenheimer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, 1140 Vienna, Austria; (R.B.-K.); (S.H.); (O.C.B.); (E.F.M.W.); (M.-K.B.)
- NUTRIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence:
| | - Robab Breyer-Kohansal
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, 1140 Vienna, Austria; (R.B.-K.); (S.H.); (O.C.B.); (E.F.M.W.); (M.-K.B.)
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinic Penzing, 1140 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylvia Hartl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, 1140 Vienna, Austria; (R.B.-K.); (S.H.); (O.C.B.); (E.F.M.W.); (M.-K.B.)
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinic Penzing, 1140 Vienna, Austria
- Medical School, Sigmund Freud University, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Otto C. Burghuber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, 1140 Vienna, Austria; (R.B.-K.); (S.H.); (O.C.B.); (E.F.M.W.); (M.-K.B.)
- Medical School, Sigmund Freud University, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Krach
- Department of Mathematics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Frits M. E. Franssen
- NUTRIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Department of Research and Education, CIRO, 6085 NM Horn, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel F. M. Wouters
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, 1140 Vienna, Austria; (R.B.-K.); (S.H.); (O.C.B.); (E.F.M.W.); (M.-K.B.)
- NUTRIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Marie-Kathrin Breyer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, 1140 Vienna, Austria; (R.B.-K.); (S.H.); (O.C.B.); (E.F.M.W.); (M.-K.B.)
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Clinic Penzing, 1140 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tuomilehto J. How to prevent non-communicable diseases? - A continuous need for a better understanding of the role of nutritional factors through scientific research. Eur J Clin Nutr 2021; 76:1357-1363. [PMID: 34711929 PMCID: PMC9550625 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00997-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. .,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. .,Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of International Health, National School of Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
The impact a Mediterranean Diet in the third trimester of pregnancy has on neonatal body fat percentage. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2021; 13:500-507. [PMID: 34658323 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174421000556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Maternal diet during pregnancy has long been recognised as an important determinant of neonatal outcomes and child development. Infant body composition is a potentially modifiable risk factor for predicting future health and metabolic disease. Utilising the Mediterranean Diet Score, this study focused on how different levels of Mediterranean Diet adherence (MDA) in pregnancy influence body fat percentage of the infant. Information on 458 pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy and their infants was obtained from The ORIGINS Project. The data included MDA score, body composition measurements using infant air displacement plethysmography (PEA POD), pregnancy, and birth information. Infants born to mothers with high MDA had a body fat percentage of 11.3%, whereas infants born to mothers with low MDA had a higher body fat percentage of 13.3% (p = 0.010). When adjusted for pre-pregnancy body mass index and infant sex, a significant result remained between high vs. low MDA and infant fat mass (FM) (2.5% less FM p = 0.016). This study suggests that high MDA in pregnancy was associated with a reduced body fat percentage in the newborn. Future studies are needed to understand whether small but significant changes in FM persist throughout childhood.
Collapse
|
23
|
Sasaki H, Saisho Y, Inaishi J, Itoh H. Revisiting Regulators of Human β-cell Mass to Achieve β-cell-centric Approach Toward Type 2 Diabetes. J Endocr Soc 2021; 5:bvab128. [PMID: 34405128 PMCID: PMC8361804 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvab128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Because patients with T2DM have inadequate β-cell mass (BCM) and β-cell dysfunction worsens glycemic control and makes treatment difficult, therapeutic strategies to preserve and restore BCM are needed. In rodent models, obesity increases BCM about 3-fold, but the increase in BCM in humans is limited. Besides, obesity-induced changes in BCM may show racial differences between East Asians and Caucasians. Recently, the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis, which states that the risk of developing noncommunicable diseases including T2DM is influenced by the fetal environment, has been proposed. It is known in rodents that animals with low birthweight have reduced BCM through epigenetic modifications, making them more susceptible to diabetes in the future. Similarly, in humans, we revealed that individuals born with low birthweight have lower BCM in adulthood. Because β-cell replication is more frequently observed in the 5 years after birth, and β cells are found to be more plastic in that period, a history of childhood obesity increases BCM. BCM in patients with T2DM is reduced by 20% to 65% compared with that in individuals without T2DM. However, since BCM starts to decrease from the stage of borderline diabetes, early intervention is essential for β-cell protection. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on regulatory factors of human BCM in health and diabetes and propose the β-cell–centric concept of diabetes to enhance a more pathophysiology-based treatment approach for T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Sasaki
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Saisho
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Inaishi
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Itoh
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cocucci SE, Di Carlo MB, Touzón MS, Santacruz MG, Payalef SN, Reyes AP, Ruda Vega H, Vazquez Blanco M, Perazzi BE. Biochemical profiling study in umbilical cord blood in mothers with metabolic disorders. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:8317-8326. [PMID: 34496692 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1973994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During pregnancy metabolic disorders that affect differently the fetus, are known. These could be early or late disorders. OBJECTIVES To analyze different biochemical parameters in umbilical cord blood (UCB) of healthy and pathological newborns from mothers with metabolic disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples from UCB (121) were analyzed of newborn from mothers with metabolic disorders who attended at Obstetrics Division. Patients were consecutive, prospective and transversally studied. Newborn were classified as healthy (n = 65) and pathological (n = 56). The maternal metabolic disorders were gestational or non-gestational diabetes, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and/or obesity).The disorders of the pathological newborns were intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and/or fetal distress. Glucose (Glu), urea, creatinine, uric acid (UA), total bilirubin (TB), total proteins (TP), albumin (Alb), transaminases (ALT/AST), alkaline-phosphatase (ALP), gammaglutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), creatinkinasa (CK), lactatedehydrogenase, amylase (amy), pseudocholinesterase, iron, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium (Mg), sodium, potassium, chlorine, cholesterol (Chol), HDL-Chol, LDL-Chol, triglycerides (TG), high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) were determined by recommended methods. T-Student's and Mann Withney tests were applied, p < .05. RESULTS Pathological neonates (n: 56) showed a significant decrease in maternal gestation weeks (GW) and in newborn weight (NW) with respect to healthy newborns (n: 65) from mothers with metabolic disorders (p < .0001). Pathological neonates from mothers with metabolic pathologies (n: 56) showed significant increases in Chol, TG, TB (p < .01), LDL-Chol, UA, Mg, hsCRP, ALP levels (p < .05) and significant decreases in TP, Alb (p < .0001) and Glu, ALT, CK, GGT, amy (p < .05) in UCB with respect to healthy newborns. CONCLUSIONS In pathological newborn, the decrease in GW and NW would be related to IUGR that accompany these metabolic disorders. The increases observed of the analyzed parameters would be related to cellular destruction associated to maternal pathology and decreases of the parameters to IUGR with hepatic immaturity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvina Ema Cocucci
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica., Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Beatriz Di Carlo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica., Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiopatología y Bioquímica Clínica (INFIBIOC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Sol Touzón
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica., Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mirtha Gabriela Santacruz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica., Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sandra Noemi Payalef
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica., Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Paula Reyes
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica., Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hilda Ruda Vega
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", División Obstetricia, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Manuel Vazquez Blanco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", División Cardiología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Beatriz Elizabeth Perazzi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica., Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiopatología y Bioquímica Clínica (INFIBIOC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ochoa E. Alteration of Genomic Imprinting after Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Long-Term Health. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:728. [PMID: 34440472 PMCID: PMC8398258 DOI: 10.3390/life11080728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are the treatment of choice for some infertile couples and even though these procedures are generally considered safe, children conceived by ART have shown higher reported risks of some perinatal and postnatal complications such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and childhood cancer. In addition, the frequency of some congenital imprinting disorders, like Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome and Silver-Russell Syndrome, is higher than expected in the general population after ART. Experimental evidence from animal studies suggests that ART can induce stress in the embryo and influence gene expression and DNA methylation. Human epigenome studies have generally revealed an enrichment of alterations in imprinted regions in children conceived by ART, but no global methylation alterations. ART procedures occur simultaneously with the establishment and maintenance of imprinting during embryonic development, so this may underlie the apparent sensitivity of imprinted regions to ART. The impact in adulthood of imprinting alterations that occurred during early embryonic development is still unclear, but some experimental evidence in mice showed higher risk to obesity and cardiovascular disease after the restriction of some imprinted genes in early embryonic development. This supports the hypothesis that imprinting alterations in early development might induce epigenetic programming of metabolism and affect long-term health. Given the growing use of ART, it is important to determine the impact of ART in genomic imprinting and long-term health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eguzkine Ochoa
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Almost 2 billion adults in the world are overweight, and more than half of them are classified as obese, while nearly one-third of children globally experience poor growth and development. Given the vast amount of knowledge that has been gleaned from decades of research on growth and development, a number of questions remain as to why the world is now in the midst of a global epidemic of obesity accompanied by the "double burden of malnutrition," where overweight coexists with underweight and micronutrient deficiencies. This challenge to the human condition can be attributed to nutritional and environmental exposures during pregnancy that may program a fetus to have a higher risk of chronic diseases in adulthood. To explore this concept, frequently called the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD), this review considers a host of factors and physiological mechanisms that drive a fetus or child toward a higher risk of obesity, fatty liver disease, hypertension, and/or type 2 diabetes (T2D). To that end, this review explores the epidemiology of DOHaD with discussions focused on adaptations to human energetics, placental development, dysmetabolism, and key environmental exposures that act to promote chronic diseases in adulthood. These areas are complementary and additive in understanding how providing the best conditions for optimal growth can create the best possible conditions for lifelong health. Moreover, understanding both physiological as well as epigenetic and molecular mechanisms for DOHaD is vital to most fully address the global issues of obesity and other chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Hoffman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Program in International Nutrition, and Center for Childhood Nutrition Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Theresa L Powell
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Emily S Barrett
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Division of Exposure Science and Epidemiology, Rutgers Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Daniel B Hardy
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Division of Exposure Science and Epidemiology, Rutgers Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Huang G, Aroner SA, Bay CP, Gilman SE, Ghassabian A, Loucks EB, Buka SL, Handa RJ, Lasley BL, Bhasin S, Goldstein JM. Sex-dependent associations of maternal androgen levels with offspring BMI and weight trajectory from birth to early childhood. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:851-863. [PMID: 32776198 PMCID: PMC7873156 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01385-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT In preclinical studies, high androgen levels during pregnancy are associated with low birth weight and rapid postnatal weight gain in the offspring. However, human data linking prenatal androgens with birth weight and early life weight gain in the offspring are scarce. DESIGN We evaluated 516 mother-child pairs enrolled in the New England birth cohorts of the Collaborative Perinatal Project (1959-1966). We assayed androgen bioactivity in maternal sera during third-trimester using a receptor-mediated luciferase expression bioassay. Age and sex-specific BMI Z-scores (BMIz), defined using established standards, were assessed at birth, 4 months, 1 year, 4 years, and 7 years. We used linear mixed models to evaluate the relation of maternal androgens with childhood BMIz overall and by sex. We examined the association of maternal androgens with fetal growth restriction. The association of weight trajectories with maternal androgens was examined using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS Higher maternal androgen levels associated with lower BMIz at birth (β = - 0.39, 95% CI: - 0.73, - 0.06); this relation was sex-dependent, such that maternal androgens significantly associated with BMIz at birth in girls alone (β = - 0.72, 95% CI: - 1.40, - 0.04). The relation of maternal androgens with fetal growth restriction revealed dose threshold effects that differed by sex. There was no significant association between maternal androgens and weight trajectory overall. However, we found a significant sex interaction (p = 0.01); higher maternal androgen levels associated with accelerated catch-up growth in boys (aOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.14, 4.03). CONCLUSION Our findings provide evidence that maternal androgens may have differential effects on the programming of intrauterine growth and postnatal weight gain depending on fetal sex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Huang
- Section of Men's Health, Aging and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - S A Aroner
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C P Bay
- Center for Clinical Investigation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S E Gilman
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Ghassabian
- Departments of Pediatrics, Environmental Medicine, and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - E B Loucks
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - S L Buka
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - R J Handa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - B L Lasley
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Center for Health and the Environment, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - S Bhasin
- Section of Men's Health, Aging and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J M Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Golden TN, Simmons RA. Immune dysfunction in developmental programming of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2021; 17:235-245. [PMID: 33526907 PMCID: PMC7969450 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-020-00464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common complication of pregnancy and increases the risk of the offspring developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) later in life. Alterations in the immune system are implicated in the pathogenesis of IUGR-induced T2DM. The development of the fetal immune system is a delicate balance as it must remain tolerant of maternal antigens whilst also preparing for the post-birth environment. In addition, the fetal immune system is susceptible to an altered intrauterine milieu caused by maternal and placental inflammatory mediators or secondary to nutrient and oxygen deprivation. Pancreatic-resident macrophages populate the pancreas during fetal development, and their phenotype is dynamic through the neonatal period. Furthermore, macrophages in the islets are instrumental in islet development as they influence β-cell proliferation and islet neogenesis. In addition, cytokines, derived from β-cells and macrophages, are important to islet homeostasis in the fetus and adult and, when perturbed, can cause islet dysfunction. Several activated immune pathways have been identified in the islets of people who experienced IUGR, with alternations in the levels of IL-1β and IL-4 as well as changes in TGFβ signalling. Leptin levels are also altered. Immunomodulation has shown therapeutic benefit in T2DM and might be particularly useful in IUGR-induced T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thea N Golden
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca A Simmons
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Association of chemerin gene promoter methylation in maternal blood and breast milk during gestational diabetes. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2021; 13:108-114. [PMID: 33781365 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174421000118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The intrauterine environment and early-life nutrition are regulated by maternal biomarkers in the blood and breast milk. We aimed to explore epigenetic modifications that may contribute to differential chemerin expression in maternal plasma, colostrum, and breast milk and find its association with fetal cord blood and infant weight at 6 weeks postpartum. Thirty-three gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mothers and 33 normoglycemic mothers (NGT) were recruited. Two maternal blood samples (28th week of gestation and 6 weeks postpartum), cord blood, colostrum, and mature milk were collected. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were conducted. The weight of the babies was measured at birth and 6 weeks postpartum. Serum chemerin levels at the 28th gestational week and 6 weeks postpartum were significantly lower for the NGT group as compared to the GDM group; (P < 0.05). Higher colostrum chemerin concentrations were observed in the GDM group and remained elevated in mature milk as compared to NGT (P < 0.05). Colostrum and breast milk chemerin levels showed an independent association with infant weight at 6 weeks postpartum (r = 0.270; P = 0.034) (r = 0.464; P < 0.001). Forty percent GDM mothers expressed unmethylated chemerin reflecting increased chemerin concentration in the maternal blood. This pattern was also observed in newborn cord blood where 52% of samples showed unmethylated chemerin in contrast to none in babies born to normoglycemic mothers. The results of this study highlight the critical importance of altered chemerin regulation in gestational diabetic mothers and its effect during early life period and suggest a possible role in contributing to childhood obesity.
Collapse
|
30
|
Mao M, Yang L, Jin Z, Li LX, Wang YR, Li TT, Zhao YJ, Ai J. Impact of intrauterine hypoxia on adolescent and adult cognitive function in rat offspring: sexual differences and the effects of spermidine intervention. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:361-369. [PMID: 32694754 PMCID: PMC8027377 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0437-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine hypoxia (IUH) affects the growth and development of offspring. It remains unclear that how long the impact of IUH on cognitive function lasts and whether sexual differences exist. Spermidine (SPD) has shown to improve cognition, but its effect on the cognitive function of IUH offspring remains unknown. In the present study we investigated the influence of IUH on body weight and neurological, motor and cognitive function and the expression of APP, BACE1 and Tau5 proteins in brain tissues in 2- and 4-month-old IUH rat offspring, as well as the effects of SPD intervention on these parameters. IUH rat model was established by treating pregnant rats with intermittent hypoxia on gestational days 15-21, meanwhile pregnant rats were administered SPD (5 mg·kg-1·d-1;ip) for 7 days. Neurological deficits were assessed in the Longa scoring test; motor and cognitive functions were evaluated in coat hanger test and active avoidance test, respectively. We found that IUH decreased the body weight of rats in both sexes but merely impaired motor and cognitive function in female rats without changing neurological function in the rat offspring of either sex at 2 months of age. For 4-month-old offspring, IUH decreased body weight in males and impaired neurological function and increased cognitive function in both sexes. IUH did not affect APP, BACE1 or Tau5 protein expression in either the hippocampus or cortex of all offspring; however, it increased the cortical Tau5 level in 2-month-old female offspring. Surprisingly, SPD intervention prevented weight loss. SPD intervention reversed the motor and cognitive decline caused by IUH in 2-month-old female rat offspring. Taken together, IUH-induced cognitive decline in rat offspring is sex-dependent during puberty and can be recovered in adult rats. SPD intervention improves IUH-induced cognitive and neural function decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Zhuo Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Ling-Xu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Yan-Ru Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Ya-Jun Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Jing Ai
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy of Harbin Medical University (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin, 150086, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ni Y, Beckmann J, Hurst JR, Morris JK, Marlow N. Size at birth, growth trajectory in early life, and cardiovascular and metabolic risks in early adulthood: EPICure study. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2021; 106:149-155. [PMID: 32796060 PMCID: PMC7116791 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-319328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether size at birth and growth trajectories in infancy and childhood are associated with determinants of cardiovascular and metabolic risks in young adults born extremely preterm (EP, <26 weeks of gestation). METHODS We used longitudinal data from the EPICure study of 129 EP survivors up to 19 years in the UK and Ireland in 1995. Determinants of cardiovascular and metabolic risks at 19 years included the presence of metabolic syndrome, body mass index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Predictors were birth weight for gestation and gain in weight z-scores in the following periods: birth-postmenstrual age of 40 weeks (term), infancy (term-2.5 years), early childhood (2.5-6.0 years) and late childhood (6-11 years). RESULTS Metabolic syndrome was present in 8.7% of EP participants at 19 years. Compared with subjects without metabolic syndrome, those with metabolic syndrome tended to have a smaller size at birth (difference in means: -0.55 SD, 95% CI -1.10 to 0.01, p=0.053) and a greater increase in weight z-scores from term to 2.5 years (difference in means: 1.00 SD, 95% CI -0.17 to 2.17, p=0.094). BMI at 19 years was positively related to growth from 2.5 to 6.0 years ( β : 1.03, 95% CI 0.31 to 1.75, p=0.006); an inverse association with birthweight z-scores was found in the lower socioeconomic status group ( β : -1.79, 95% CI -3.41 to -0.17, p=0.031). Central SBP was positively related to growth from 2.5 to 6.0 years ( β : 1.75, 95% CI 0.48 to 3.02, p=0.007). CONCLUSION Size at EP birth and increased catch-up in weight from 2.5 to 6.0 years were associated with BMI and central SBP in early adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Ni
- UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joanne Beckmann
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - John R Hurst
- UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joan K Morris
- Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, UK
| | - Neil Marlow
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
The Association between Early-Life Gut Microbiota and Long-Term Health and Diseases. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10030459. [PMID: 33504109 PMCID: PMC7865818 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life gut microbiota have been increasingly recognized as major contributors to short and/or long-term human health and diseases. Numerous studies have demonstrated that human gut microbial colonization begins at birth, but continues to develop a succession of taxonomic abundances for two to three years until the gut microbiota reaches adult-like diversity and proportions. Several factors, including gestational age (GA), delivery mode, birth weight, feeding types, antibiotic exposure, maternal microbiome, and diet, influence the diversity, abundance, and function of early life gut microbiota. Gut microbial life is essential for assisting with the digestion of food substances to release nutrients, exerting control over pathogens, stimulating or modulating the immune system, and influencing many systems such as the liver, brain, and endocrine system. Microbial metabolites play multiple roles in these interactions. Furthermore, studies provide evidence supporting that imbalances of the gut microbiota in early life, referred to as dysbiosis, are associated with specific childhood or adult disease outcomes, such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, diabetes, allergic diseases, obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and neurological disorders. These findings support that the human gut microbiota may play a fundamental role in the risk of acquiring diseases that may be programmed during early life. In fact, it is critical to explore the role of the human gut microbiota in early life.
Collapse
|
33
|
Jones JF, Reisdorph N, Armstrong M, Manke J, Doenges K, Stamm C, Borgelt LM. Comparison of reported versus measured content of over-the-counter and prescription prenatal multivitamins and minerals. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2021; 61:233-239. [PMID: 33414014 DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the measured contents of over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription (Rx) prenatal multivitamins and minerals (PMVMs) and compare the findings with the amounts reported on the nutrition labels. The findings were subsequently examined on the basis of cost and ability to adequately supplement dietary intake during pregnancy on the basis of The National Academies' dietary reference intakes (DRIs) and tolerable upper intake levels. METHODS This was an observational convenience sample of OTC and Rx PMVMs available through online retailers and retail pharmacies. The amounts of folic acid, vitamin B6, vitamin C, and choline were measured in triplicate using mass spectrometry. RESULTS Twenty OTC and 16 Rx PMVMs were evaluated. The average measured quantities of the vitamins were not statistically different from the mean reported quantities for OTC and Rx PMVMs. When a standard diet was combined with the labeled nutrition information, 95% of the OTC PMVMs and 88% of the Rx PMVMs met the DRIs for folic acid and vitamins B6 and C. When a standard diet was combined with the actual measured PMVM quantities, 79% of the OTC PMVMs and 82% of the Rx PMVMs met the DRIs for folic acid and vitamins B6 and C. The measured choline content, with and without diet considerations, did not meet the DRIs. No statistically significant difference was found for the adequacy of supplementation between the OTC and Rx PMVMs on the basis of cost. CONCLUSION On the basis of a comparison of the measured and reported values for folic acid, vitamin C, vitamin B6, and choline, it seems that either OTC or Rx PMVMs at low or high cost can be recommended to supplement diets and meet the DRIs during pregnancy for these vitamins.
Collapse
|
34
|
Villanueva-Hayes C, Millership SJ. Imprinted Genes Impact Upon Beta Cell Function in the Current (and Potentially Next) Generation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:660532. [PMID: 33986727 PMCID: PMC8112240 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.660532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta cell failure lies at the centre of the aetiology and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and the epigenetic control of the expression of critical beta cell genes appears to play a major role in this decline. One such group of epigenetically-controlled genes, termed 'imprinted' genes, are characterised by transgenerational monoallelic expression due to differential allelic DNA methylation and play key functional roles within beta cells. Here, we review the evidence for this functional importance of imprinted genes in beta cells as well as their nutritional regulation by the diet and their altered methylation and/or expression in rodent models of diabetes and in type 2 diabetic islets. We also discuss imprinted genes in the context of the next generation, where dietary overnutrition in the parents can lead to their deregulation in the offspring, alongside beta cell dysfunction and defective glucose handling. Both the modulation of imprinted gene expression and the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes in adulthood are susceptible to the impact of nutritional status in early life. Imprinted loci, therefore, represent an excellent opportunity with which to assess epigenomic changes in beta cells due to the diet in both the current and next generation.
Collapse
|
35
|
Kurosawa K, Chiba K, Noguchi S, Nishimura T, Tomi M. Development of a Pharmacokinetic Model of Transplacental Transfer of Metformin to Predict In Vivo Fetal Exposure. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:1293-1302. [PMID: 33051249 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Two types of systems are used in ex vivo human placental perfusion studies to predict fetal drug exposures, that is, closed systems with recirculation of the maternal and fetal buffer and open systems using a single-pass mode without recirculation. The in vivo fetal/maternal (F:M) ratio of metformin, a cationic drug that crosses the placenta, is consistent with that reported in an open system ex vivo but not with that in a closed system. In the present study, we aimed to develop a pharmacokinetic (PK) model of transplacental transfer of metformin to predict in vivo fetal exposure to metformin and to resolve the apparent inconsistency between open and closed ex vivo systems. The developed model shows that the difference between open and closed systems is due to the difference in the time required to achieve the steady state. The model-predicted F:M ratio (approx. 0.88) is consistent with reported in vivo values [mean (95% confidence interval): 1.10 (0.69-1.51)]. The model incorporates bidirectional transport via organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) at the basal plasma membrane, and simulations indicate that the use of trimethoprim (an OCT3 inhibitor) to prevent microbial growth in the placenta ex vivo has a negligible effect on the overall maternal-to-fetal and fetal-to-maternal clearances. The model could successfully predict in vivo fetal exposure using ex vivo human placental perfusion data from both closed and open systems. This transplacental PK modeling approach is expected to be useful for evaluating human fetal exposures to other poorly permeable compounds, besides metformin. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We developed a pharmacokinetic model of transplacental transfer of metformin, used to treat gestational diabetes mellitus, in order to predict in vivo fetal exposure and resolve the discrepancy between reported findings in open and closed ex vivo perfusion systems. The discrepancy is due to a difference in the time required to reach the steady state. The model can predict in vivo fetal exposure using data from both closed and open systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Kurosawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, Japan (K.K.); Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Kanagawa, Japan (K.C.); and Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan (K.K., S.N., T.N., M.T.)
| | - Koji Chiba
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, Japan (K.K.); Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Kanagawa, Japan (K.C.); and Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan (K.K., S.N., T.N., M.T.)
| | - Saki Noguchi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, Japan (K.K.); Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Kanagawa, Japan (K.C.); and Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan (K.K., S.N., T.N., M.T.)
| | - Tomohiro Nishimura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, Japan (K.K.); Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Kanagawa, Japan (K.C.); and Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan (K.K., S.N., T.N., M.T.)
| | - Masatoshi Tomi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, Japan (K.K.); Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Kanagawa, Japan (K.C.); and Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan (K.K., S.N., T.N., M.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Adank MC, Benschop L, Kors AW, Peterbroers KR, Smak Gregoor AM, Mulder MT, Schalekamp-Timmermans S, Roeters Van Lennep JE, Steegers EAP. Maternal lipid profile in early pregnancy is associated with foetal growth and the risk of a child born large-for-gestational age: a population-based prospective cohort study : Maternal lipid profile in early pregnancy and foetal growth. BMC Med 2020; 18:276. [PMID: 33004027 PMCID: PMC7532083 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01730-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipids such as cholesterol and triglycerides play an important role in both maternal and foetal energy metabolism. Little is known about maternal lipid levels in pregnancy and their effect on foetal growth. The aim of this study was to assess maternal lipid levels, foetal growth and the risk of small-for-gestational age (SGA) and large-for-gestational age (LGA). METHODS We included 5702 women from the Generation R Study, a prospective population-based cohort. Maternal lipid levels (total cholesterol, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-c]) were measured in early pregnancy (median 13.4 weeks, 90% range [10.5 to 17.2]). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), remnant cholesterol and non-HDL-c were calculated. Foetal growth was measured repeatedly by ultrasound. Information on birth anthropometrics was retrieved from medical records. A birth weight below the 10th percentile was defined as SGA and above the 90th percentile as LGA. RESULTS Maternal triglyceride and remnant cholesterol levels were associated with increased foetal head circumference and abdominal circumference growth rates. Triglycerides and remnant cholesterol were positively associated with the risk of LGA (odds ratio [OR] 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.01 to 1.22] and OR 1.11, 95% CI [1.01 to 1.23], respectively). These associations were independent of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, but not maternal glucose levels. We observed no association between maternal lipids in early pregnancy and SGA. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests a novel association of early pregnancy triglyceride and remnant cholesterol levels with foetal growth, patterns of foetal growth and the risk of LGA. Future studies are warranted to explore clinical implication possibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Adank
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. .,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Laura Benschop
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alet W Kors
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kelly R Peterbroers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna M Smak Gregoor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Monique T Mulder
- Department of General Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah Schalekamp-Timmermans
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Eric A P Steegers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Braun K, Bock J, Wainstock T, Matas E, Gaisler-Salomon I, Fegert J, Ziegenhain U, Segal M. Experience-induced transgenerational (re-)programming of neuronal structure and functions: Impact of stress prior and during pregnancy. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 117:281-296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
38
|
Fieß A, Lamparter J, Raum P, Peto T, Ponto KA, Nickels S, Münzel T, Wild PS, Beutel ME, Urschitz MS, Lackner KJ, Pfeiffer N, Schuster AK. Birth Weight and Diabetic Retinopathy: Results From the Population-Based Gutenberg Health Study (GHS). Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2020; 28:122-130. [PMID: 32990141 DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2020.1800753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigates the relationship between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and birth weight (BW) in diabetic subjects sampled from the general population. METHODS The Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) is a population-based, observational cohort study in participants aged from 35 to 74 years. Criteria for diabetes diagnosis were HbA1c ≥6.5% at study entry, a doctor-diagnosis of diabetes, or diabetes medication. The presence of DR was determined by evaluating fundus photographs. BW was assessed by self-reports. GHS participants were divided into three different BW groups (low: <2500 g; normal: 2500-4000 g; high:>4000 g). Logistic regression analysis was conducted as uni- and multivariable analysis with adjustment for age and sex. Effect mediators were separately investigated. RESULTS A total of 1,124 GHS participants (7.5% of the cohort) had diabetes at study entry. Of these, 402 subjects (35.8%) had gradable fundus photographs, reported BW data and were included into this study. Overall, 91/402 subjects (23%) had DR. With regard to BW groups, DR was descriptively more frequent in subjects with low (28.1% [95%-CI: 14.4-47.0%; n = 32]) and high BW (30.8% [95%-CI: 19.1-45.3%; n = 52]) compared to normal BW (20.8% [95%-CI: 16.5-25.7%; n = 318]). Both high and low BW were associated with DR in multivariable analysis (high: OR = 1.68, p = .037; low: OR = 1.81, p = .05). The BW effect was mediated by duration of diabetes in both BW groups and by arterial hypertension in the low BW group. CONCLUSION Low and high BW in persons with diabetes is related to higher risk of diabetic retinopathy. Longer duration of diabetes and higher prevalence of arterial hypertension are factors in these subjects explaining the elevated risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achim Fieß
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Julia Lamparter
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,NIHR Biomedical Research Center at Moorfield's Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.,Augenzentrum Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Raum
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,NIHR Biomedical Research Center at Moorfield's Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Tunde Peto
- NIHR Biomedical Research Center at Moorfield's Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.,Queen's University Belfast, Centre for Public Health, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Katharina A Ponto
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Nickels
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Center for Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp S Wild
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine/Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred E Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael S Urschitz
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl J Lackner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander K Schuster
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Li YF, Lin SJ, Chiang TL. Timing of rapid weight gain and its effect on subsequent overweight or obesity in childhood: findings from a longitudinal birth cohort study. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:293. [PMID: 32532342 PMCID: PMC7291582 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02184-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid weight gain (RWG) has been recognized as an important determinant of childhood obesity. This study aims to explore the RWG distribution among children at six-month intervals from birth to two years old and to examine the association of RWG in each interval with overweight or obesity development in preschool- and school-aged children. METHODS Data were obtained from the Taiwan Birth Cohort Study, which is a nationally representative sample of 24,200 children who participated in a face-to-face survey. A total of 17,002 children had complete data both for weight and height at each of the five measurement time periods. Multivariable logistic regression models quantified the relationship between RWG and childhood overweight or obesity. RESULTS A total of 17.5% of children experienced rapid weight gain in the first six months of age, compared to only 1.8% of children from 18-24 months. RWG was significantly associated with an increased risk of developing overweight or obesity at 36 months (RWG birth-6 months: OR = 2.6, 95% CI: 2.3-2.8; RWG 18-24 months: OR = 3.7, 95% CI: 2.9-4.6), 66 months (RWG birth-6 months: OR = 2.2, 95% CI: 2.0-2.4; RWG 18-24 months: OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.8-2.8), and 8 years of age (RWG birth-6 months: OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.6-1.9; RWG 18-24 months: OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 2.0-3.0). CONCLUSIONS Childhood RWG increased the risk of subsequent overweight or obesity, regardless of the specific time interval at which RWG occurred before the age of two years. The results reinforce the importance of monitoring childhood RWG continuously and show the risks of childhood RWG with respect to the development of overweight or obesity at preschool and school ages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Li
- Division of Clinical Chinese Medicine, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shio-Jean Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Chi Mei Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Liang Chiang
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Room 620, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei, Taiwan, 10055, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sasaki H, Saisho Y, Inaishi J, Watanabe Y, Tsuchiya T, Makio M, Sato M, Kitago M, Yamada T, Itoh H. Associations of birthweight and history of childhood obesity with beta cell mass in Japanese adults. Diabetologia 2020; 63:1199-1210. [PMID: 32239263 PMCID: PMC7228916 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05127-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Low birthweight is associated with a high risk of diabetes, but there are no reports discussing birthweight and pancreatic tissues in humans. The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between birthweight and beta and alpha cell mass in humans. METHODS Sixty-four Japanese adults with and without diabetes who underwent pancreatectomy and were able to recall their weight history including birthweight were included. Pancreatic tissues were stained for insulin and glucagon, and fractional beta cell area (BCA) and alpha cell area (ACA) were quantified. Islet size and density and beta cell replication were also quantified and their associations with birthweight were evaluated. RESULTS In participants without diabetes, there was a weak positive correlation between birthweight and BCA (R = 0.34, p = 0.03). The group with a history of childhood obesity, but not the group with a history of obesity in adulthood only, showed higher BCA compared with those without a history of obesity (1.78 ± 0.74% vs 0.99 ± 0.53%, p = 0.01), and the correlation coefficient between birthweight and BCA increased after excluding those with a history of childhood obesity (R = 0.51, p < 0.01). In those with diabetes, there was no correlation between birthweight and BCA. No correlation was found between birthweight and ACA in either those with or without diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Birthweight and beta, but not alpha, cell mass are positively correlated in non-diabetic adults, and a history of childhood obesity may affect beta cell mass. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Sasaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Saisho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Jun Inaishi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuusuke Watanabe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tami Tsuchiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Makio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Midori Sato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Minoru Kitago
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taketo Yamada
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Itoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hidayat K, Du X, Shi BM, Qin LQ. Foetal and childhood exposure to famine and the risks of cardiometabolic conditions in adulthood: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e12981. [PMID: 32048436 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was performed to provide a deeper understanding of the associations between foetal and childhood exposure to famine and the risks of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), metabolic syndrome, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, obesity, overweight, coronary heart disease, stroke, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adulthood. Both foetal and childhood exposure to famine were positively associated with the risks of T2DM (foetal exposure: RR 1.37, 95% CI, 1.23-1.52; childhood exposure: RR 1.33, 95% CI, 1.08-1.64), metabolic syndrome (RR 1.26, 95% CI, 1.07-1.50; RR 1.24, 95% CI, 1.13-1.35), hypertension (RR 1.30, 95% CI, 1.07-1.57; RR 1.33, 95% CI, 1.02-1.74), hyperglycaemia (RR 1.27, 95% CI, 1.11-1.45; RR 1.25, 95% CI, 1.10-1.42), dyslipidaemia (RR 1.48, 95% CI, 1.33-1.66; RR 1.27, 95% CI, 1.12-1.45), obesity (RR 1.19, 95% CI, 1.02-1.39; RR 1.13, 95% CI, 1.00-1.28), overweight (RR 1.17, 95% CI, 1.07-1.29; RR 1.07, 95% CI, 1.00-1.14), coronary heart disease (RR 1.22, 95% CI, 1.00-1.51; RR 1.21, 95% CI, 1.09-1.35), and moderate-to-severe NAFLD (RR 1.66, 95% CI, 1.07-2.57; RR 1.68, 95% CI, 1.41-1.99) in adulthood. No association was observed for the risks of stroke or mild NAFLD. Adjustments for age, alcohol, smoking, body mass index, and physical activity nullified some associations. The associations were generally stronger in women than in men. In summary, foetal and childhood exposure to famine may confer greater risks of developing certain cardiometabolic conditions in adulthood, particularly in women. The extent to which risks for cardiometabolic conditions are associated with early-life famine appears to be determined by certain factors in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khemayanto Hidayat
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuan Du
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bi-Min Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li-Qiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xia L, Jiao Z, Pei L, Yuan C, Zhao Y, Guo Y, Wang H. Prenatal ethanol exposure induced disorder of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis-associated neuroendocrine metabolic programming alteration and dysfunction of glucose and lipid metabolism in 40-week-old female offspring rats. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 94:48-54. [PMID: 32333956 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to demonstrate disorder of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis-associated neuroendocrine metabolic programming alteration and dysfunction of glucose and lipid metabolism induced by prenatal ethanol exposure (PEE) in postnatal week 40 (PW40) female offspring rats. Pregnant Wistar rats were administrated 4 g/kg·d ethanol intragastrically from gestational day 11 until term delivery. After weaning, the female offspring were fed with high-fat diet until PW24, and suffered to unpredictable chronic stress (UCS) during PW38-40. Animal serum was collected to examine the changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, glucose and lipid metabolic phenotypes before and after UCS. We found that pups in the PEE group manifested a low birthweight at PW1 and an early catch-up growth pattern. Furthermore, a low basal activity of HPA axis continued to PW38 in the PEE group. On the basal condition, serum low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) level was significantly increased and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) level was significantly decreased in the PEE group, while serum triglyceride, total cholesterol (TCH), glucose and insulin levels were not significantly changed. Under unpredictable chronic stress, serum insulin in the PEE group was significantly decreased, while the levels of serum triglyceride, TCH, LDL-C, and the ratio of LDL-C/HDL-C were significantly higher than those in the control. These results suggest that PEE increases the dysfunction of glucose and lipid metabolism in PW40 female offspring, which is related to the disorder of HPA axis-associated neuroendocrine metabolic programming alteration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China; Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
| | - Zhexiao Jiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
| | - Linguo Pei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
| | - Yanjuan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, PR China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Utility of published skinfold thickness equations for prediction of body composition in very young New Zealand children. Br J Nutr 2020; 124:349-360. [PMID: 32248845 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520001221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of body composition is increasingly important in research and clinical settings but is difficult in very young children. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and air displacement plethysmography (ADP) are well-established but require specialist equipment so are not always feasible. Our aim was to determine if anthropometry and skinfold thickness measurements can be used as a substitute for BIA or ADP for assessing body composition in very young New Zealand children. We used three multi-ethnic cohorts: 217 children at a mean age of 24·2 months with skinfold and BIA measurements; seventy-nine infants at a mean age of 20·9 weeks and seventy-three infants at a mean age of 16·2 weeks, both with skinfold and ADP measurements. We used Bland-Altman plots to compare fat and fat-free mass calculated using all potentially relevant equations with measurements using BIA or ADP. We also calculated the proportion of children in the same tertile for measured fat or fat-free mass and tertiles (i) calculated using each equation, (ii) each absolute skinfold, and (iii) sum of skinfold thicknesses. We found that even for the best equation for each cohort, the 95 % limits of agreement with standard measures were wide (25-200 % of the mean) and the proportion of children whose standard measures fell in the same tertile as the skinfold estimates was ≤69 %. We conclude that none of the available published skinfold thickness equations provides good prediction of body composition in multi-ethnic cohorts of very young New Zealand children with different birth history and growth patterns.
Collapse
|
44
|
Mwene-Batu P, Bisimwa G, Ngaboyeka G, Dramaix M, Macq J, Lemogoum D, Donnen P. Follow-up of a historic cohort of children treated for severe acute malnutrition between 1988 and 2007 in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229675. [PMID: 32160220 PMCID: PMC7065746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well documented that treatment for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is effective. However, little is known about the long-term outcomes for children treated for SAM. We sought to trace former SAM patients 11 to 30 years after their discharge from hospital, and to describe their longer-term survival and their growth to adulthood. METHODS A total of 1,981 records of subjects admitted for SAM between 1988 and 2007 were taken from the archives of Lwiro hospital, in South Kivu, DRC. The median age on admission was 41 months. Between December 2017 and June 2018, we set about identifying these subjects (cases) in the health zones of Miti-Murhesa and Katana. For deceased subjects, the cause and year of death were collected. A Cox proportional hazards multivariate regression analysis was used to identify the death-related factors. For the cases seen, age- and gender-matched community controls were selected for a comparison of anthropometric indicators. RESULTS A total of 600 subjects were traced, and 201 subjects were deceased. Of the deceased subjects, 65·6% were under 10 years old at the time of their death. Of the deaths, 59·2% occurred within 5 years of discharge from hospital. The main causes of death were malaria (14·9%), kwashiorkor (13·9%), respiratory infections (10·4%), and diarrhoeal diseases (8·9%). The risk of death was higher in subjects with SAM, MAM combined with CM, and in male subjects, with HRs* of 1·83 (p = 0·043), 2.35 (p = 0·030) and 1.44 (p = 0·013) respectively. Compared with their controls, the cases had a low weight (-1·7 kg, p = 0·001), short height [sitting (-1·3 cm, p = 0·006) and standing (-1·7 cm, p = 0·003)], short legs (-1·6 cm, p = 0·002), and a small mid-upper arm circumference (-3·2mm, p = 0·051). There was no difference in terms of BMI, thoracic length, or head and thoracic circumference between the two groups. CONCLUSION SAM during childhood has lasting negative effects on growth to adulthood. In addition, these adults have characteristics that may place them at risk of chronic non-communicable diseases later in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pacifique Mwene-Batu
- Ecole Régionale de Santé Publique, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Nutritional department, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, Lwiro, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Hôpital Provincial General de Reference de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Ghislain Bisimwa
- Ecole Régionale de Santé Publique, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Nutritional department, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles, Lwiro, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Gaylord Ngaboyeka
- Ecole Régionale de Santé Publique, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Hôpital Provincial General de Reference de Bukavu, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Michelle Dramaix
- Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean Macq
- Institute of Health and Society, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daniel Lemogoum
- Hôpital ULB-Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Donnen
- Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Nascente LMDP, Grandi C, Aragon DC, Cardoso VC. Placental measurements and their association with birth weight in a Brazilian cohort. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2020; 23:e200004. [PMID: 32130393 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epidemiological studies have shown associations between placental measurements and perinatal and later life outcomes. OBJECTIVES To report placental measurements and evaluate their association with birth weight in a Brazilian birth cohort. METHODS Retrospective cohort study with 958 mothers, placentas, and newborns delivered at the Ribeirão Preto Medical School Hospital, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, in 2010 and 2011. The information was collected from interviews, medical records, and pathology reports. The placental measurements were: weight, largest and smallest diameters, eccentricity, thickness, shape, area, and birth weight/placental weight and placental weight/birth weight ratios. We analyzed the associations between birth weight and placental measurements using multiple linear regression. RESULTS Placental weight alone accounted for 48% of birth weight variability (p < 0.001), whereas placental measurements combined (placental weight, largest and smallest diameters, and thickness) were responsible for 50% (p < 0.001). When adjusted for maternal and neonatal characteristics, placental measurements explained 74% of birth weight variability (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Placental measurements are powerful independent predictors of birth weight. Placental weight is the most predictive of them, followed by the smallest diameter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Grandi
- Department of Pediatrics, Sardá Maternity Hospital, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Davi Casale Aragon
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Viviane Cunha Cardoso
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hu C, Mu Y, Wan Q, Qin Y, Hu R, Shi L, Su Q, Yu X, Yan L, Qin G, Tang X, Chen G, Gao Z, Wang G, Shen F, Luo Z, Chen L, Huo Y, Li Q, Ye Z, Zhang Y, Liu C, Wang Y, Wu S, Yang T, Deng H, Chen L, Zhao J, Lu J, Lin L, Li M, Du R, Xu M, Xu Y, Wang T, Zhao Z, Chen Y, Li D, Bi Y, Wang W, Ning G. Association between birth weight and diabetes: Role of body mass index and lifestyle in later life. J Diabetes 2020; 12:10-20. [PMID: 31170331 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the association between birth weight and diabetes in a Chinese population, and the effects of body mass index (BMI) and lifestyle factors in later life on this association. METHODS Data from 49 118 participants aged ≥40 years with recalled birth weight from the Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals: a lONgitudinal (REACTION) study, a nationwide population-based cohort, were used. Diabetes diagnosis was based on oral glucose tolerance tests and HbA1c measurements. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association of birth weight and risk of diabetes in later life. RESULTS Increased risk of diabetes was associated with lower or higher birth weight. Compared with individuals with a birth weight of 2500 to 3499 g, the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of diabetes for individuals with a birth weight of <2500, between 3500 and 3999, and ≥4000 g were 1.28 (1.11-1.47), 1.11 (1.04-1.19), and 1.20 (1.07-1.34), respectively. Significant associations were prominent in participants with a current BMI ≥24 kg/m2 , but not detected in those with a normal BMI (OR 1.20 [95% CI 0.96-1.49], 1.11 [95% CI 0.98-1.25], and 1.10 [95% CI 0.89-1.37], respectively). Moreover, there was no increased risk of diabetes in individuals with a low birth weight but with healthy dietary habits (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.68-1.29) or ideal physical activity (OR 1.41; 95% CI 0.97-2.04). CONCLUSIONS A U-shaped association was observed between birth weight and the risk of diabetes. Healthy lifestyles (healthy dietary habits or ideal physical activity) may eliminate the negative effects of low birth weight in the development of diabetes, but not the effect of high birth weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Hu
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Mu
- Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Wan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yingfen Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ruying Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lixin Shi
- Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang, China
| | - Qing Su
- Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Yan
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guijun Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xulei Tang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhengnan Gao
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Guixia Wang
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feixia Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zuojie Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Chen
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanan Huo
- Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiang Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhen Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinfei Zhang
- Central Hospital of Shanghai Jiading District, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Youmin Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shengli Wu
- Karamay Municipal People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tao Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huacong Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jieli Lu
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mian Li
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Du
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Xu
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiange Wang
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyun Zhao
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yufang Bi
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Validity of Maternal Report of Birthweight in a Cohort Study and Its Implication on Low Birthweight Rate Using Simulations. Indian Pediatr 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13312-019-1648-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
48
|
Wibaek R, Girma T, Admassu B, Abera M, Abdissa A, Geto Z, Kæstel P, Vistisen D, Jørgensen ME, Wells JCK, Michaelsen KF, Friis H, Andersen GS. Higher Weight and Weight Gain after 4 Years of Age Rather than Weight at Birth Are Associated with Adiposity, Markers of Glucose Metabolism, and Blood Pressure in 5-Year-Old Ethiopian Children. J Nutr 2019; 149:1785-1796. [PMID: 31218356 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal and early life growth is associated with adult risk of obesity and cardiometabolic disease. However, little is known about the relative importance of birth weight and successive periods of weight gain on markers of cardiometabolic risk in childhood in low-income populations. OBJECTIVES The objective was to study associations of birth weight and weight gain velocities in selected age intervals from birth to 60 mo with height, fat-free mass (FFM), and markers of adiposity and cardiometabolic risk at 60 mo. METHODS In a prospective cohort study of 375 Ethiopian children aged 60 mo, we estimated individual weight gain velocities in the periods between birth and 3, 6, 24, 48, and 60 mo using linear-spline mixed-effects modeling. Subsequently, we analyzed associations of birth weight, weight gain velocities, and current weight with height, FFM, and markers of adiposity and cardiometabolic risk. RESULTS Weight gain from 48 to 60 mo and weight at 60 mo rather than birth weight were the strongest correlates of insulin, C-peptide, HOMA-IR, blood pressure, height, FFM, waist circumference, and fat mass at 60 mo. For instance, 1 SD higher (1 SD = 50 g/mo) weight accretion from 48 to 60 mo was associated with a higher insulin of 23.3% (95% CI: 9.6%, 38.8%), C-peptide of 11.4% (2.7%, 20.8%), systolic blood pressure of 1.4 mm Hg (0.6, 2.3 mm Hg), fat mass of 0.72 kg (0.59, 0.85 kg), and FFM of 0.70 kg (0.56, 0.85 kg). Weight gain from 0 to 3 mo was positively associated with LDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, height, and the body composition indices, and weight gain from 24 to 48 mo was inversely associated with blood glucose. CONCLUSIONS In 60-mo-old Ethiopian urban children, weight gain and weight after 48 mo rather than weight at birth may represent a sensitive period for variations in markers of adiposity and glucose metabolism. The birth cohort is registered at https://www.isrctn.com/ as ISRCTN46718296.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Wibaek
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tsinuel Girma
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.,JUCAN Research Center, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Bitiya Admassu
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,JUCAN Research Center, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.,Department of Population and Family Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Mubarek Abera
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,JUCAN Research Center, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.,Department of Psychiatry, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Alemseged Abdissa
- JUCAN Research Center, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.,Department of Laboratory Sciences and Pathology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Zeleke Geto
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Pernille Kæstel
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorte Vistisen
- Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marit E Jørgensen
- Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Institute of Public Health, Southern Denmark University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathan C K Wells
- Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kim F Michaelsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Friis
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gregers S Andersen
- Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Tarry-Adkins JL, Aiken CE, Ozanne SE. Neonatal, infant, and childhood growth following metformin versus insulin treatment for gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med 2019; 16:e1002848. [PMID: 31386659 PMCID: PMC6684046 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metformin is increasingly offered as an acceptable and economic alternative to insulin for treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in many countries. However, the impact of maternal metformin treatment on the trajectory of fetal, infant, and childhood growth is unknown. METHODS AND FINDINGS PubMed, Ovid Embase, Medline, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane database were systematically searched (from database inception to 26 February 2019). Outcomes of GDM-affected pregnancies randomised to treatment with metformin versus insulin were included (randomised controlled trials and prospective randomised controlled studies) from cohorts including European, American, Asian, Australian, and African women. Studies including pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes or non-diabetic women were excluded, as were trials comparing metformin treatment with oral glucose-lowering agents other than insulin. Two reviewers independently assessed articles for eligibility and risk of bias, and conflicts were resolved by a third reviewer. Outcome measures were parameters of fetal, infant, and childhood growth, including weight, height, BMI, and body composition. In total, 28 studies (n = 3,976 participants) met eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. No studies reported fetal growth parameters; 19 studies (n = 3,723 neonates) reported measures of neonatal growth. Neonates born to metformin-treated mothers had lower birth weights (mean difference -107.7 g, 95% CI -182.3 to -32.7, I2 = 83%, p = 0.005) and lower ponderal indices (mean difference -0.13 kg/m3, 95% CI -0.26 to 0.00, I2 = 0%, p = 0.04) than neonates of insulin-treated mothers. The odds of macrosomia (odds ratio [OR] 0.59, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.77, p < 0.001) and large for gestational age (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.99, p = 0.04) were lower following maternal treatment with metformin compared to insulin. There was no difference in neonatal height or incidence of small for gestational age between groups. Two studies (n = 411 infants) reported measures of infant growth (18-24 months of age). In contrast to the neonatal phase, metformin-exposed infants were significantly heavier than those in the insulin-exposed group (mean difference 440 g, 95% CI 50 to 830, I2 = 4%, p = 0.03). Three studies (n = 520 children) reported mid-childhood growth parameters (5-9 years). In mid-childhood, BMI was significantly higher (mean difference 0.78 kg/m2, 95% CI 0.23 to 1.33, I2 = 7%, p = 0.005) following metformin exposure than following insulin exposure, although the difference in absolute weights between the groups was not significantly different (p = 0.09). Limited evidence (1 study with data treated as 2 cohorts) suggested that adiposity indices (abdominal [p = 0.02] and visceral [p = 0.03] fat volumes) may be higher in children born to metformin-treated compared to insulin-treated mothers. Study limitations include heterogeneity in metformin dosing, heterogeneity in diagnostic criteria for GDM, and the scarcity of reporting of childhood outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Following intrauterine exposure to metformin for treatment of maternal GDM, neonates are significantly smaller than neonates whose mothers were treated with insulin during pregnancy. Despite lower average birth weight, metformin-exposed children appear to experience accelerated postnatal growth, resulting in heavier infants and higher BMI by mid-childhood compared to children whose mothers were treated with insulin. Such patterns of low birth weight and postnatal catch-up growth have been reported to be associated with adverse long-term cardio-metabolic outcomes. This suggests a need for further studies examining longitudinal perinatal and childhood outcomes following intrauterine metformin exposure. This review protocol was registered with PROSPERO under registration number CRD42018117503.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane L. Tarry-Adkins
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust–MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine E. Aiken
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust–MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rosie Hospital and NIHR Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Susan E. Ozanne
- Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust–MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tian G, Guo C, Li Q, Liu Y, Sun X, Yin Z, Li H, Chen X, Liu X, Zhang D, Cheng C, Liu L, Liu F, Zhou Q, Wang C, Li L, Wang B, Zhao Y, Liu D, Zhang M, Hu D. Birth weight and risk of type 2 diabetes: A dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2019; 35:e3144. [PMID: 30786122 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The association between birth weight and type 2 diabetes mellitus has been debated for several decades. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to quantitatively clarify the association between birth weight and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on cohort studies. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases for cohort study articles on the association between birth weight and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus published up to 1 March 2018. Random effects of generalized least square regression models were used to estimate relative risk (RR). Restricted cubic splines were conducted to model the dose-response relationship. We included 21 studies (19 articles) involving 1 041 879 individuals and 35 699 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus, with follow-up ranged from 6 to 47 years. We identified significant decreasing trend for the highest versus lowest category of birth weight for the association with type 2 diabetes mellitus risk: The risk was reduced by 35% (RR, 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53-0.81) and by 12% (RR 0.88; 95% CI, 0.85-0.91) per 500-g increment in birth weight. Our results showed a dose-response relationship between birth weight and diabetes risk, which was nonlinear (Pnonlinearity < 0.001) and L-shaped. With increasing birth weight (<5000 g), the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus decreased substantially. The association between birth weight and type 2 diabetes mellitus was curvilinear and L-shaped.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Guo
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanman Li
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xizhuo Sun
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxia Yin
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghui Li
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Leilei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyan Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qionggui Zhou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dechen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|