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Aagaard KM, Barkin SL, Burant CF, Carnell S, Demerath E, Donovan SM, Eneli I, Francis LA, Gilbert-Diamond D, Hivert MF, LeBourgeois MK, Loos RJF, Lumeng JC, Miller AL, Okely AD, Osganian SK, Ramirez AG, Trasande L, Van Horn LV, Wake M, Wright RJ, Yanovski SZ. Understanding risk and causal mechanisms for developing obesity in infants and young children: A National Institutes of Health workshop. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13690. [PMID: 38204366 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Obesity in children remains a major public health problem, with the current prevalence in youth ages 2-19 years estimated to be 19.7%. Despite progress in identifying risk factors, current models do not accurately predict development of obesity in early childhood. There is also substantial individual variability in response to a given intervention that is not well understood. On April 29-30, 2021, the National Institutes of Health convened a virtual workshop on "Understanding Risk and Causal Mechanisms for Developing Obesity in Infants and Young Children." The workshop brought together scientists from diverse disciplines to discuss (1) what is known regarding epidemiology and underlying biological and behavioral mechanisms for rapid weight gain and development of obesity and (2) what new approaches can improve risk prediction and gain novel insights into causes of obesity in early life. Participants identified gaps and opportunities for future research to advance understanding of risk and underlying mechanisms for development of obesity in early life. It was emphasized that future studies will require multi-disciplinary efforts across basic, behavioral, and clinical sciences. An exposome framework is needed to elucidate how behavioral, biological, and environmental risk factors interact. Use of novel statistical methods may provide greater insights into causal mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjersti M Aagaard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shari L Barkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Richmond, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Charles F Burant
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Susan Carnell
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ellen Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sharon M Donovan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Ihuoma Eneli
- Center for Healthy Weight and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Center of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Lori A Francis
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diane Gilbert-Diamond
- Department of Epidemiology, Medicine and Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse (CoRAL), Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Monique K LeBourgeois
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alison L Miller
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anthony D Okely
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- llawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Sport, Food, and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Sogndal, Norway
| | - Stavroula K Osganian
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Amelie G Ramirez
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population Health, New York University (NYU) School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Linda V Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Melissa Wake
- Population Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rosalind J Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Kravis Children's Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susan Z Yanovski
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Lundmark EB, Demerath E, McCoy M, Stang J. Race, Ethnicity, and Cultural Identity Modify Postpartum Participation in the Minnesota WIC Program. Matern Child Health J 2024; 28:135-143. [PMID: 37924419 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03818-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the racial, ethnic and cultural differences in postpartum participation of women who participated in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) during pregnancy by completing a retrospective analysis of observational data on 35,903 women who enrolled in Minnesota WIC during pregnancy, from April 2018 to March 2020. METHODS Descriptive analyses were completed using chi-square tests of association to show differences in postpartum WIC participation by maternal demographics and health risk codes of the WIC participants. Binary logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression were used to obtain odds ratios to compare the likelihood of postpartum WIC participation across different races, ethnicities and cultural groups. RESULTS Asian/Pacific Islander, East African, Hispanic, Hmong, Multigenerational Black, and Other Black pregnant participants were more likely than White participants to return to WIC postpartum (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.87-3.46; AOR 3.35, 95% CI 2.40-4.66; 1.30, 95% CI 1.10-1.54; AOR 6.76, 95% CI 4.39-10.42; AOR 1.40, 95% CI 1.11-1.77, AOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.26-1.83, respectively). American Indian pregnant participants were less likely than White participants to return to WIC postpartum (AOR 0.70, 95% CI 0.54-0.92). CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE These findings can help the Minnesota WIC program, as well as other WIC programs, better understand which cultural groups may need more specific outreach strategies to keep women participating in the program after giving birth. Further research is needed to understand why postpartum women choose to participate, or choose not to participate, in WIC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellen Demerath
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Marcia McCoy
- Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Jamie Stang
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Nagel E, Elgersma KM, Gallagher TT, Johnson KE, Demerath E, Gale CA. Importance of human milk for infants in the clinical setting: Updates and mechanistic links. Nutr Clin Pract 2023; 38 Suppl 2:S39-S55. [PMID: 37721461 PMCID: PMC10513735 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human milk (HM) is the optimal source of nutrition for infants and has been implicated in multiple aspects of infant health. Although much of the existing literature has focused on the individual components that drive its nutrition content, examining HM as a biological system is needed for meaningful advancement of the field. Investigation of the nonnutritive bioactive components of HM and the maternal, infant, and environmental factors which affect these bioactives is important to better understand the importance of HM provision to infants. This information may inform care of clinical populations or infants who are critically ill, hospitalized, or who have chronic diseases and may benefit most from receiving HM. METHODS In this narrative review, we reviewed literature examining maternal and infant influences on HM composition with a focus on studies published in the last 10 years that were applicable to clinical populations. RESULTS We found multiple studies examining HM components implicated in infant immune and gut health and neurodevelopment. Additional work is needed to understand how donor milk and formula may be used in situations of inadequate maternal HM. Furthermore, a better understanding of how maternal factors such as maternal genetics and metabolic health influence milk composition is needed. CONCLUSION In this review, we affirm the importance of HM for all infants, especially clinical populations. An understanding of how HM composition is modulated by maternal and environmental factors is important to progress the field forward with respect to mechanistic links between HM biology and infant health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Nagel
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | - Kelsey E Johnson
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ellen Demerath
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minnesota, USA
| | - Cheryl A. Gale
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minnesota, USA
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Gianferante DM, Moore A, Spector LG, Wheeler W, Yang T, Hubbard A, Gorlick R, Patiño-Garcia A, Lecanda F, Flanagan AM, Amary F, Andrulis IL, Wunder JS, Thomas DM, Ballinger ML, Serra M, Hattinger C, Demerath E, Johnson W, Birmann BM, De Vivo I, Giles G, Teras LR, Arslan A, Vermeulen R, Sample J, Freedman ND, Huang WY, Chanock SJ, Savage SA, Berndt SI, Mirabello L. Genetically inferred birthweight, height, and puberty timing and risk of osteosarcoma. Cancer Epidemiol 2023:102432. [PMID: 37596165 PMCID: PMC10869637 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies have linked increased risk of osteosarcoma with tall stature, high birthweight, and early puberty, although evidence is inconsistent. We used genetic risk scores (GRS) based on established genetic loci for these traits and evaluated associations between genetically inferred birthweight, height, and puberty timing with osteosarcoma. METHODS Using genotype data from two genome-wide association studies, totaling 1039 cases and 2923 controls of European ancestry, association analyses were conducted using logistic regression for each study and meta-analyzed to estimate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were conducted by case diagnosis age, metastasis status, tumor location, tumor histology, and presence of a known pathogenic variant in a cancer susceptibility gene. RESULTS Genetically inferred higher birthweight was associated with an increased risk of osteosarcoma (OR =1.59, 95% CI 1.07-2.38, P = 0.02). This association was strongest in cases without metastatic disease (OR =2.46, 95% CI 1.44-4.19, P = 9.5 ×10-04). Although there was no overall association between osteosarcoma and genetically inferred taller stature (OR=1.06, 95% CI 0.96-1.17, P = 0.28), the GRS for taller stature was associated with an increased risk of osteosarcoma in 154 cases with a known pathogenic cancer susceptibility gene variant (OR=1.29, 95% CI 1.03-1.63, P = 0.03). There were no significant associations between the GRS for puberty timing and osteosarcoma. CONCLUSION A genetic propensity to higher birthweight was associated with increased osteosarcoma risk, suggesting that shared genetic factors or biological pathways that affect birthweight may contribute to osteosarcoma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy Moore
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Logan G Spector
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Tianzhong Yang
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Aubrey Hubbard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Richard Gorlick
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ana Patiño-Garcia
- Department of Pediatrics and Solid Tumor Division CIMA, IdiSNA, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fernando Lecanda
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA)-University of Navarra, IdiSNA, and CIBERONC, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Adrienne M Flanagan
- UCL Cancer Institute, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Fernanda Amary
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jay S Wunder
- Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David M Thomas
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mandy L Ballinger
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Massimo Serra
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Osteoncology, Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Innovative Therapies, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Hattinger
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Osteoncology, Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Innovative Therapies, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ellen Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, School of Public Health, UMN, USA
| | - Will Johnson
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, University of Loughborough, UK
| | - Brenda M Birmann
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Graham Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lauren R Teras
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alan Arslan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeannette Sample
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sharon A Savage
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Lisa Mirabello
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA.
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Do WL, Sun D, Meeks K, Dugué PA, Demerath E, Guan W, Li S, Chen W, Milne R, Adeyemo A, Agyemang C, Nassir R, Manson JE, Shadyab AH, Hou L, Horvath S, Assimes TL, Bhatti P, Jordahl KM, Baccarelli AA, Smith AK, Staimez LR, Stein AD, Whitsel EA, Narayan KV, Conneely KN. Epigenome-wide meta-analysis of BMI in nine cohorts: Examining the utility of epigenetically predicted BMI. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:273-283. [PMID: 36649705 PMCID: PMC9943731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study sought to examine the association between DNA methylation and body mass index (BMI) and the potential of BMI-associated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites to provide information about metabolic health. We pooled summary statistics from six trans-ethnic epigenome-wide association studies (EWASs) of BMI representing nine cohorts (n = 17,034), replicated these findings in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI, n = 4,822), and developed an epigenetic prediction score of BMI. In the pooled EWASs, 1,265 CpG sites were associated with BMI (p < 1E-7) and 1,238 replicated in the WHI (FDR < 0.05). We performed several stratified analyses to examine whether these associations differed between individuals of European and African descent, as defined by self-reported race/ethnicity. We found that five CpG sites had a significant interaction with BMI by race/ethnicity. To examine the utility of the significant CpG sites in predicting BMI, we used elastic net regression to predict log-normalized BMI in the WHI (80% training/20% testing). This model found that 397 sites could explain 32% of the variance in BMI in the WHI test set. Individuals whose methylome-predicted BMI overestimated their BMI (high epigenetic BMI) had significantly higher glucose and triglycerides and lower HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol compared to accurately predicted BMI. Individuals whose methylome-predicted BMI underestimated their BMI (low epigenetic BMI) had significantly higher HDL cholesterol and lower glucose and triglycerides. This study confirmed 553 and identified 685 CpG sites associated with BMI. Participants with high epigenetic BMI had poorer metabolic health, suggesting that the overestimation may be driven in part by cardiometabolic derangements characteristic of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney L. Do
- Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dianjianyi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Karlijn Meeks
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA,Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pierre-Antoine Dugué
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences At Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia,Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3051, Australia
| | - Ellen Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Shengxu Li
- Children’s Minnesota Research Institute, Childrens Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Roger Milne
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences At Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia,Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3051, Australia
| | - Abedowale Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rami Nassir
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - JoAnn E. Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aladdin H. Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Parveen Bhatti
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Andrea A. Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alicia K. Smith
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lisa R. Staimez
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aryeh D. Stein
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eric A. Whitsel
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K.M. Venkat Narayan
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karen N. Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA,Corresponding author
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Berger PK, Hampson HE, Schmidt KA, Alderete TL, Furst A, Yonemitsu C, Demerath E, Goran MI, Fields DA, Bode L. Stability of Human-Milk Oligosaccharide Concentrations Over 1 Week of Lactation and Over 6 Hours Following a Standard Meal. J Nutr 2023; 152:2727-2733. [PMID: 36111739 PMCID: PMC9839992 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous studies revealed that human-milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have health benefits for nursing infants and their concentrations change dynamically over 24 mo of lactation. Yet, the extent to which HMOs vary over the short term (days) and in response to acute factors such as maternal diet is unclear. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the stability of HMO concentrations over 7 d and in response to a standard meal and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) over 6 h. METHODS In this ancillary study, lactating mothers were enrolled at 6 wk postpartum. Participants received in-person instructions and materials to complete procedures at home. In the 1-wk experiment (n = 11), mothers pumped a milk sample at 07:00 h for 7 consecutive days. In the 6-h experiment (n = 35), mothers pumped a milk sample after an overnight fast at 06:00 h and then consumed a standard meal plus SSB provided by the study team. Mothers pumped a milk sample every hour for 6 consecutive hours. Samples were analyzed for the 19 most abundant HMOs. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to test changes in HMO concentrations over time, reported as F(dftime, dferror) = F value, P value. RESULTS Concentrations of all assayed HMOs were stable over 7 consecutive days, including, for example, the most widely studied HMOs in relation to infant health: 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) [F(2,17) = 0.39, P = 0.65], disialyl-lacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT) [F(4, 37) = 0.60, P = 0.66], and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) [F(3, 32) = 1.5, P = 0.23]. Concentrations of all assayed HMOs were stable in response to a standard meal plus SSB. For example, fasted baseline concentrations of 2'FL, DSLNT, and LNnT were 2310 ± 1620 μg/mL, 560 ± 290 μg/mL, and 630 ± 290 μg/mL, respectively, and there were no changes in 2'FL [F(4, 119) = 1.9, P = 0.13], DSLNT [F(4, 136) = 0.39, P = 0.83], and LNnT [F(4, 120) = 0.64, P = 0.63] over 6 consecutive hours. CONCLUSIONS HMO concentrations are stable over 1 wk of lactation and are not acutely affected by a standard meal plus SSB in mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige K Berger
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hailey E Hampson
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kelsey A Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tanya L Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Annalee Furst
- Department of Pediatrics and Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence (MOMI CORE), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chloe Yonemitsu
- Department of Pediatrics and Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence (MOMI CORE), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ellen Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michael I Goran
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David A Fields
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Lars Bode
- Department of Pediatrics and Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence (MOMI CORE), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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7
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Heisel T, Johnson AJ, Gonia S, Dillon A, Skalla E, Haapala J, Jacobs KM, Nagel E, Pierce S, Fields D, Demerath E, Knights D, Gale CA. Bacterial, fungal, and interkingdom microbiome features of exclusively breastfeeding dyads are associated with infant age, antibiotic exposure, and birth mode. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1050574. [PMID: 36466688 PMCID: PMC9714262 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1050574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The composition and function of early life gut bacterial communities (microbiomes) have been proposed to modulate health for the long term. In addition to bacteria, fungi (mycobiomes) also colonize the early life gut and have been implicated in health disorders such as asthma and obesity. Despite the potential importance of mycobiomes in health, there has been a lack of study regarding fungi and their interkingdom interactions with bacteria during infancy. The goal of this study was to obtain a more complete understanding of microbial communities thought to be relevant for the early life programming of health. Breastmilk and infant feces were obtained from a unique cohort of healthy, exclusively breastfeeding dyads recruited as part of the Mothers and Infants Linked for Healthy Growth (MILk) study with microbial taxa characterized using amplicon-based sequencing approaches. Bacterial and fungal communities in breastmilk were both distinct from those of infant feces, consistent with niche-specific microbial community development. Nevertheless, overlap was observed among sample types (breastmilk, 1-month feces, 6-month feces) with respect to the taxa that were the most prevalent and abundant. Self-reported antibacterial antibiotic exposure was associated with micro- as well as mycobiome variation, which depended upon the subject receiving antibiotics (mother or infant), timing of exposure (prenatal, peri- or postpartum), and sample type. In addition, birth mode was associated with bacterial and fungal community variation in infant feces, but not breastmilk. Correlations between bacterial and fungal taxa abundances were identified in all sample types. For infant feces, congruency between bacterial and fungal communities was higher for older infants, consistent with the idea of co-maturation of bacterial and fungal gut communities. Interkingdom connectedness also tended to be higher in older infants. Additionally, higher interkingdom connectedness was associated with Cesarean section birth and with antibiotic exposure for microbial communities of both breastmilk and infant feces. Overall, these results implicate infant age, birth mode, and antibiotic exposure in bacterial, fungal and interkingdom relationship variation in early-life-relevant microbiomes, expanding the current literature beyond bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Heisel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Abigail J. Johnson
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Sara Gonia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Abrielle Dillon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Emily Skalla
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States,School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Jacob Haapala
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States,HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Katherine M. Jacobs
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Emily Nagel
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Stephanie Pierce
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - David Fields
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Ellen Demerath
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Dan Knights
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Cheryl A. Gale
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States,*Correspondence: Cheryl A. Gale,
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8
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Do WL, Nguyen S, Yao J, Guo X, Whitsel EA, Demerath E, Rotter JI, Rich SS, Lange L, Ding J, Van Den Berg D, Liu Y, Justice AE, Guan W, Horvath S, Assimes TL, Bhatti P, Jordahl K, Shadyab A, Valencia CI, Stein AD, Smith A, Staimez LR, Conneely K, Narayan KMV. Associations between DNA methylation and BMI vary by metabolic health status: a potential link to disparate cardiovascular outcomes. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:230. [PMID: 34937574 PMCID: PMC8697469 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Body mass index (BMI), a well-known risk factor for poor cardiovascular outcomes, is associated with differential DNA methylation (DNAm). Similarly, metabolic health has also been associated with changes in DNAm. It is unclear how overall metabolic health outside of BMI may modify the relationship between BMI and methylation profiles, and what consequences this may have on downstream cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to identify cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites at which the association between BMI and DNAm could be modified by overall metabolic health. Results The discovery study population was derived from three Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) ancillary studies (n = 3977) and two Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) ancillary studies (n = 3520). Findings were validated in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort (n = 1200). Generalized linear models regressed methylation β values on the interaction between BMI and metabolic health Z score (BMI × MHZ) adjusted for BMI, MHZ, cell composition, chip number and location, study characteristics, top three ancestry principal components, smoking, age, ethnicity (WHI), and sex (ARIC). Among the 429,566 sites examined, differential associations between BMI × MHZ and DNAm were identified at 22 CpG sites (FDR q < 0.05), with one site replicated in MESA (cg18989722, in the TRAPPC9 gene). Three of the 22 sites were associated with incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in WHI. For each 0.01 unit increase in DNAm β value, the risk of incident CHD increased by 9% in one site and decreased by 6–10% in two sites over 25 years. Conclusions Differential associations between DNAm and BMI by MHZ were identified at 22 sites, one of which was validated (cg18989722) and three of which were predictive of incident CHD. These sites are located in several genes related to NF-kappa-B signaling, suggesting a potential role for inflammation between DNA methylation and BMI-associated metabolic health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13148-021-01194-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney L Do
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Steve Nguyen
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Eric A Whitsel
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ellen Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Leslie Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics & Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, Colorado University Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - David Van Den Berg
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Anne E Justice
- Center for Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger, Wilkes-Barre, PA, USA
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Parveen Bhatti
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kristina Jordahl
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Aladdin Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Celina I Valencia
- College of Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Aryeh D Stein
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alicia Smith
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lisa R Staimez
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karen Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - K M Venkat Narayan
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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9
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Raffield LM, Howard AG, Graff M, Lin D, Cheng S, Demerath E, Ndumele C, Palta P, Rebholz CM, Seidelmann S, Yu B, Gordon‐Larsen P, North KE, Avery CL. Obesity Duration, Severity, and Distribution Trajectories and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e019946. [PMID: 34889111 PMCID: PMC9075238 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.019946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Research examining the role of obesity in cardiovascular disease (CVD) often fails to adequately consider heterogeneity in obesity severity, distribution, and duration. Methods and Results We here use multivariate latent class mixed models in the biracial Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study (N=14 514; mean age=54 years; 55% female) to associate obesity subclasses (derived from body mass index, waist circumference, self-reported weight at age 25, tricep skinfold, and calf circumference across up to four triennial visits) with total mortality, incident CVD, and CVD risk factors. We identified four obesity subclasses, summarized by their body mass index and waist circumference slope as decline (4.1%), stable/slow decline (67.8%), moderate increase (24.6%), and rapid increase (3.6%) subclasses. Compared with participants in the stable/slow decline subclass, the decline subclass was associated with elevated mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.45, 95% CI 1.31, 1.60, P<0.0001) and with heart failure (HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.22, 1.63, P<0.0001), stroke (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.22, 1.92, P=0.0002), and coronary heart disease (HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.14, 1.63, P=0.0008), adjusting for baseline body mass index and CVD risk factor profile. The moderate increase latent class was not associated with any significant differences in CVD risk as compared to the stable/slow decline latent class and was associated with a lower overall risk of mortality (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.80, 0.90, P<0.0001), despite higher body mass index at baseline. The rapid increase latent class was associated with a higher risk of heart failure versus the stable/slow decline latent class (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.10, 1.62, P=0.004). Conclusions Consideration of heterogeneity and longitudinal changes in obesity measures is needed in clinical care for a more precision-oriented view of CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annie Green Howard
- Department of BiostatisticsGillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNC
| | - Misa Graff
- Department of EpidemiologyGillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNC
| | - Dan‐Yu Lin
- Department of BiostatisticsGillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNC
| | - Susan Cheng
- Smidt Heart InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Ellen Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Community HealthSchool of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN
| | - Chiadi Ndumele
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart DiseaseJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
| | - Priya Palta
- Departments of Medicine and EpidemiologyColumbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNY
| | - Casey M. Rebholz
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical ResearchJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Sara Seidelmann
- Cardiovascular DivisionBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental SciencesSchool of Public HealthUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonTX
| | - Penny Gordon‐Larsen
- Department of NutritionGillings School of Global Public Health and School of MedicineUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNC
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of EpidemiologyGillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNC
- Carolina Center of Genome SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC
| | - Christy L. Avery
- Department of EpidemiologyGillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNC
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10
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Nagel EM, Hickey M, Teigen LM, Kuchnia A, Schifsky H, Holm T, Earthman CP, Demerath E, Ramel SE. Ultrasound measurements of abdominal muscle thickness are associated with postmenstrual age at full oral feedings in preterm infants: A preliminary study. Nutr Clin Pract 2021; 36:1207-1214. [PMID: 34101241 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A premature infant's discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is dependent on factors such as respiratory stability, adequate growth, and the ability to consume oral feeds. Once infants have achieved respiratory stability, a tool that can better predict age at discharge is desirable. Thus, we conducted a secondary data analysis to assess the association between ultrasound measurements of abdominal muscle thickness and postmenstrual age (PMA) at full oral feedings. METHODS Forty-nine (n = 49) healthy, premature infants (mean gestational age = 32 weeks) were recruited from the NICU. Anthropometric measurements and ultrasound measurements of the rectus abdominis were conducted when infants were medically stable. Fat-free mass (FFM) was obtained using air displacement plethysmography. The relationship between ultrasound measurements of muscle thickness and PMA at full oral feedings was assessed using linear regression analysis. The relationship between FFM z-scores and PMA at full oral feedings was also assessed for comparison. RESULTS When adjusting for gestational age at birth, PMA at measurement, days of positive pressure respiratory support, weight, and length, ultrasound measurements of abdominal muscle thickness were independently, negatively associated with PMA at full oral feedings (β estimate: -0.71, P = .03). CONCLUSION Preliminary results suggest infants with greater abdominal muscle thickness may reach full oral feedings at an earlier PMA (nearly 1 week per millimeter). Thus, ultrasound measurements of abdominal muscle thickness may be helpful in assessing readiness for discharge in healthy preterm infants. Further research is needed for development and validation of a prediction equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Nagel
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,School of Public Health, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Marie Hickey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Levi M Teigen
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Adam Kuchnia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Holly Schifsky
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tara Holm
- Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Carrie P Earthman
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Ellen Demerath
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sara E Ramel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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11
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Nagel E, Desjardins C, Earthman C, Ramel S, Demerath E. Weight for length measures may not accurately reflect adiposity in preterm infants born appropriate for gestational age during hospitalisation or after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit. Pediatr Obes 2021; 16:e12744. [PMID: 33140910 PMCID: PMC8026714 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight/length (W/L) indices are poor surrogates for adiposity in preterm infants born appropriate for gestational age (AGA) at birth, but whether the association subsequently improves is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine if W/L indices accurately reflect adiposity in premature infants born AGA in later infancy. METHODS Associations between W/L indices and fat mass, fat mass index and percent body fat (%BF) obtained via air displacement plethysmography (ADP) were examined in 260 preterm infants (majority born AGA) at 28 to 63 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA). Accuracy of W/L indices as indicators of adiposity was assessed by proportion of variance explained (R2 ) and root mean square error from linear regression of adiposity on W/L indices and proportion of infants misclassified by W/L indices. Accuracy was further compared in term vs preterm infants at term-equivalent age. The impact of early vs late preterm status on associations between W/L indices and %BF was also examined. RESULTS BMI and W/L were most strongly associated with %BF but yielded poorly fitting models (maximum R2 = 0.35; 53% misclassification). A significant interaction of W/L indices and early vs late preterm status on %BF revealed that estimation of %BF differs by status. Accuracy of W/L indices was worse in preterm infants at term-equivalent age. CONCLUSIONS W/L indices were not good indicators of adiposity in preterm infants from 28 to 63 weeks' PMA (born AGA) with all categories of W/L indices combined. Future research should examine whether results are similar in preterm infants born with disproportionate W/L or who experience disproportionate growth postnatally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Nagel
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota,School of Public Health, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Carrie Earthman
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | - Sara Ramel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ellen Demerath
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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12
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Graff M, Justice AE, Young KL, Marouli E, Zhang X, Fine RS, Lim E, Buchanan V, Rand K, Feitosa MF, Wojczynski MK, Yanek LR, Shao Y, Rohde R, Adeyemo AA, Aldrich MC, Allison MA, Ambrosone CB, Ambs S, Amos C, Arnett DK, Atwood L, Bandera EV, Bartz T, Becker DM, Berndt SI, Bernstein L, Bielak LF, Blot WJ, Bottinger EP, Bowden DW, Bradfield JP, Brody JA, Broeckel U, Burke G, Cade BE, Cai Q, Caporaso N, Carlson C, Carpten J, Casey G, Chanock SJ, Chen G, Chen M, Chen YDI, Chen WM, Chesi A, Chiang CWK, Chu L, Coetzee GA, Conti DV, Cooper RS, Cushman M, Demerath E, Deming SL, Dimitrov L, Ding J, Diver WR, Duan Q, Evans MK, Falusi AG, Faul JD, Fornage M, Fox C, Freedman BI, Garcia M, Gillanders EM, Goodman P, Gottesman O, Grant SFA, Guo X, Hakonarson H, Haritunians T, Harris TB, Harris CC, Henderson BE, Hennis A, Hernandez DG, Hirschhorn JN, McNeill LH, Howard TD, Howard B, Hsing AW, Hsu YHH, Hu JJ, Huff CD, Huo D, Ingles SA, Irvin MR, John EM, Johnson KC, Jordan JM, Kabagambe EK, Kang SJ, Kardia SL, Keating BJ, Kittles RA, Klein EA, Kolb S, Kolonel LN, Kooperberg C, Kuller L, Kutlar A, Lange L, Langefeld CD, Le Marchand L, Leonard H, Lettre G, Levin AM, Li Y, Li J, Liu Y, Liu Y, Liu S, Lohman K, Lotay V, Lu Y, Maixner W, Manson JE, McKnight B, Meng Y, Monda KL, Monroe K, Moore JH, Mosley TH, Mudgal P, Murphy AB, Nadukuru R, Nalls MA, Nathanson KL, Nayak U, N'Diaye A, Nemesure B, Neslund-Dudas C, Neuhouser ML, Nyante S, Ochs-Balcom H, Ogundiran TO, Ogunniyi A, Ojengbede O, Okut H, Olopade OI, Olshan A, Padhukasahasram B, Palmer J, Palmer CD, Palmer ND, Papanicolaou G, Patel SR, Pettaway CA, Peyser PA, Press MF, Rao DC, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Redline S, Reiner AP, Rhie SK, Rodriguez-Gil JL, Rotimi CN, Rotter JI, Ruiz-Narvaez EA, Rybicki BA, Salako B, Sale MM, Sanderson M, Schadt E, Schreiner PJ, Schurmann C, Schwartz AG, Shriner DA, Signorello LB, Singleton AB, Siscovick DS, Smith JA, Smith S, Speliotes E, Spitz M, Stanford JL, Stevens VL, Stram A, Strom SS, Sucheston L, Sun YV, Tajuddin SM, Taylor H, Taylor K, Tayo BO, Thun MJ, Tucker MA, Vaidya D, Van Den Berg DJ, Vedantam S, Vitolins M, Wang Z, Ware EB, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Weir DR, Wiencke JK, Williams SM, Williams LK, Wilson JG, Witte JS, Wrensch M, Wu X, Yao J, Zakai N, Zanetti K, Zemel BS, Zhao W, Zhao JH, Zheng W, Zhi D, Zhou J, Zhu X, Ziegler RG, Zmuda J, Zonderman AB, Psaty BM, Borecki IB, Cupples LA, Liu CT, Haiman CA, Loos R, Ng MCY, North KE. Discovery and fine-mapping of height loci via high-density imputation of GWASs in individuals of African ancestry. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:564-582. [PMID: 33713608 PMCID: PMC8059339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Although many loci have been associated with height in European ancestry populations, very few have been identified in African ancestry individuals. Furthermore, many of the known loci have yet to be generalized to and fine-mapped within a large-scale African ancestry sample. We performed sex-combined and sex-stratified meta-analyses in up to 52,764 individuals with height and genome-wide genotyping data from the African Ancestry Anthropometry Genetics Consortium (AAAGC). We additionally combined our African ancestry meta-analysis results with published European genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. In the African ancestry analyses, we identified three novel loci (SLC4A3, NCOA2, ECD/FAM149B1) in sex-combined results and two loci (CRB1, KLF6) in women only. In the African plus European sex-combined GWAS, we identified an additional three novel loci (RCCD1, G6PC3, CEP95) which were equally driven by AAAGC and European results. Among 39 genome-wide significant signals at known loci, conditioning index SNPs from European studies identified 20 secondary signals. Two of the 20 new secondary signals and none of the 8 novel loci had minor allele frequencies (MAF) < 5%. Of 802 known European height signals, 643 displayed directionally consistent associations with height, of which 205 were nominally significant (p < 0.05) in the African ancestry sex-combined sample. Furthermore, 148 of 241 loci contained ≤20 variants in the credible sets that jointly account for 99% of the posterior probability of driving the associations. In summary, trans-ethnic meta-analyses revealed novel signals and further improved fine-mapping of putative causal variants in loci shared between African and European ancestry populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Anne E Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Population Health Services, Geisinger Health, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Kristin L Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Eirini Marouli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Centre for Genomic Health, Life Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Xinruo Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - Elise Lim
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Victoria Buchanan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kristin Rand
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yaming Shao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Adebowale A Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Melinda C Aldrich
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Matthew A Allison
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christopher Amos
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- School of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40563, USA
| | - Larry Atwood
- Framingham Heart Study, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Department of Population Science, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Traci Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Leslie Bernstein
- Division of Biomarkers of Early Detection and Prevention, Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - William J Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles R. Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest school of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Jonathan P Bradfield
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Gregory Burke
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Brian E Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Neil Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chris Carlson
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - John Carpten
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Graham Casey
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Minhui Chen
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Alessandra Chesi
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Charleston W K Chiang
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Lisa Chu
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA 94538, USA
| | - Gerry A Coetzee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, LA 90033, USA
| | - David V Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Richard S Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Ellen Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sandra L Deming
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Latchezar Dimitrov
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - W Ryan Diver
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Adeyinka G Falusi
- Institute for Medical Research and Training, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Caroline Fox
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Melissa Garcia
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Gillanders
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Phyllis Goodman
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Omri Gottesman
- The Charles R. Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Struan F A Grant
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Talin Haritunians
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Curtis C Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Brian E Henderson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Anselm Hennis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Chronic Disease Research Centre and Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados; Ministry of Health, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Dena G Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Joel N Hirschhorn
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lorna Haughton McNeill
- Department of Health Disparities Research, Division of OVP, Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, and Center for Community Implementation and Dissemination Research, Duncan Family Institute, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Timothy D Howard
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | | | - Ann W Hsing
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA 94538, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford Prevention Research Center and Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yu-Han H Hsu
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jennifer J Hu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Chad D Huff
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dezheng Huo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sue A Ingles
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Esther M John
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Karen C Johnson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Joanne M Jordan
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Edmond K Kabagambe
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sun J Kang
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sharon L Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brendan J Keating
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rick A Kittles
- Division of Health Equities, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Eric A Klein
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Suzanne Kolb
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Laurence N Kolonel
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Lewis Kuller
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Abdullah Kutlar
- Sickle Cell Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Leslie Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Hampton Leonard
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; Data Tecnica Int'l, LLC, Glen Echo, MD 20812, USA
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Albert M Levin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jin Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Youfang Liu
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Kurt Lohman
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Vaneet Lotay
- The Charles R. Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; The Charles R. Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - William Maixner
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yan Meng
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Keri L Monda
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; The Center for Observational Research, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
| | - Kris Monroe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jason H Moore
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Poorva Mudgal
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest school of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Adam B Murphy
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rajiv Nadukuru
- The Charles R. Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; Data Tecnica Int'l, LLC, Glen Echo, MD 20812, USA
| | | | - Uma Nayak
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | | | - Barbara Nemesure
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | | | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sarah Nyante
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Heather Ochs-Balcom
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Temidayo O Ogundiran
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adesola Ogunniyi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oladosu Ojengbede
- Centre for Population and Reproductive Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Hayrettin Okut
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest school of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Olufunmilayo I Olopade
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Andrew Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Badri Padhukasahasram
- Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Julie Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Cameron D Palmer
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - George Papanicolaou
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sanjay R Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Curtis A Pettaway
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michael F Press
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - D C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Suhn K Rhie
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jorge L Rodriguez-Gil
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Edward A Ruiz-Narvaez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Benjamin A Rybicki
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Babatunde Salako
- Centre for Population and Reproductive Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Michele M Sale
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Maureen Sanderson
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Eric Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles R. Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ann G Schwartz
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Daniel A Shriner
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lisa B Signorello
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | | | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Shad Smith
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Elizabeth Speliotes
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Margaret Spitz
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Janet L Stanford
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Alex Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Sara S Strom
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lara Sucheston
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Yan V Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Herman Taylor
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Kira Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Michael J Thun
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Margaret A Tucker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - David J Van Den Berg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Sailaja Vedantam
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mara Vitolins
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Erin B Ware
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - John K Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Scott M Williams
- Departments of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - L Keoki Williams
- Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - John S Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Margaret Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Neil Zakai
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Krista Zanetti
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Babette S Zemel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Degui Zhi
- School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jie Zhou
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Departments of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Regina G Ziegler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Joe Zmuda
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Ingrid B Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA; BioData Catalyst Program, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Framingham Heart Study, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ruth Loos
- The Charles R. Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Mindich Child Health Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Maggie C Y Ng
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest school of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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13
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Justice AE, Chittoor G, Gondalia R, Melton PE, Lim E, Grove ML, Whitsel EA, Liu CT, Cupples LA, Fernandez-Rhodes L, Guan W, Bressler J, Fornage M, Boerwinkle E, Li Y, Demerath E, Heard-Costa N, Levy D, Stewart JD, Baccarelli A, Hou L, Conneely K, Mori TA, Beilin LJ, Huang RC, Gordon-Larsen P, Howard AG, North KE. Methylome-wide association study of central adiposity implicates genes involved in immune and endocrine systems. Epigenomics 2020; 12:1483-1499. [PMID: 32901515 PMCID: PMC7923253 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We conducted a methylome-wide association study to examine associations between DNA methylation in whole blood and central adiposity and body fat distribution, measured as waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio adjusted for body mass index, in 2684 African-American adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Materials & methods: We validated significantly associated cytosine-phosphate-guanine methylation sites (CpGs) among adults using the Women's Health Initiative and Framingham Heart Study participants (combined n = 5743) and generalized associations in adolescents from The Raine Study (n = 820). Results & conclusion: We identified 11 CpGs that were robustly associated with one or more central adiposity trait in adults and two in adolescents, including CpG site associations near TXNIP, ADCY7, SREBF1 and RAP1GAP2 that had not previously been associated with obesity-related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Justice
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Geisinger, Danville, PA 17822, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Geetha Chittoor
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Geisinger, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Rahul Gondalia
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Phillip E Melton
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, MRF Building, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health & Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TA, 7000 Australia
| | - Elise Lim
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Megan L Grove
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eric A Whitsel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01701, USA
| | - Lindsay Fernandez-Rhodes
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jan Bressler
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Center for Human Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ellen Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Nancy Heard-Costa
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01701, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Dan Levy
- Population sciences branch, NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - James D Stewart
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Andrea Baccarelli
- Laboratory of Environmental Epigenetics, Departments of Environmental Health Sciences & Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Karen Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Rae-Chi Huang
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Annie Green Howard
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
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14
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Nagel E, Hickey M, Teigen L, Kuchnia A, Holm T, Earthman C, Demerath E, Ramel S. Can Ultrasound Measures of Muscle and Adipose Tissue Thickness Predict Body Composition of Premature Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit? JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2020; 45:323-330. [DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Nagel
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition University of Minnesota–Twin Cities Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Marie Hickey
- Department of Pediatrics University of Minnesota–Twin Cities Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Levi Teigen
- Department of Gastroenterology University of Minnesota–Twin Cities Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Adam Kuchnia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Wisconsin–Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Tara Holm
- Department of Radiology University of Minnesota–Twin Cities Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Carrie Earthman
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition University of Delaware Newark Delaware USA
| | - Ellen Demerath
- School of Public Health University of Minnesota–Twin Cities Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Sara Ramel
- Department of Pediatrics University of Minnesota–Twin Cities Minneapolis Minnesota USA
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15
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Nagel E, Hickey M, Teigen L, Kuchnia A, Curran K, Soumekh L, Earthman C, Demerath E, Ramel S. Clinical Application of Body Composition Methods in Premature Infants. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2020; 44:785-795. [DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Nagel
- Department of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of Minnesota‐Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA
| | - Marie Hickey
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Minnesota‐Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA
| | - Levi Teigen
- Department of GastroenterologyUniversity of Minnesota‐Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA
| | - Adam Kuchnia
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison WI USA
| | - Kent Curran
- Department of PediatricsAlbany Medical Center Albany NY USA
| | - Lisa Soumekh
- School of MedicineUniversity of Minnesota‐Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA
| | | | - Ellen Demerath
- School of Public HealthUniversity of Minnesota‐Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA
| | - Sara Ramel
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Minnesota‐Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA
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16
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Fischer LA, Demerath E, Bittner-Eddy P, Costalonga M. Placental colonization with periodontal pathogens: the potential missing link. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019; 221:383-392.e3. [PMID: 31051120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Observational studies demonstrate that women with severe periodontitis have a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes like preterm birth and low birthweight. Standard treatment for periodontitis in the form of scaling and root planing during the second trimester failed to reduce the risk of preterm or low birthweight. It is premature to dismiss the association between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes because one explanation for the failure of scaling and root planing to reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes is that periodontal pathogens spread to the placental tissue prior to periodontal treatment. In the placenta, orally derived organisms could cause direct tissue damage or mediate a maternal immune response that impairs the growth of the developing fetus. Sequencing studies demonstrate the presence of organisms derived from the oral microbiome in the placenta, but DNA-based sequencing studies should not be the only technique to evaluate the placental microbiome because they may not detect important shifts in the metabolic capability of the microbiome. In humans, polymerase chain reaction and histology have detected periodontal pathogens in placental tissue in association with multiple adverse pregnancy outcomes. We conclude that both placental and oral microbiomes may play a role in periodontitis-associated adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the measure to determine the association between periodontal pathogens in the placenta and adverse pregnancy outcomes should be the amount and prevalence, not the mere presence of such microorganisms. Placental colonization with periodontal pathogens thus potentially represents the missing link between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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17
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Fernández-Rhodes L, Malinowski JR, Wang Y, Tao R, Pankratz N, Jeff JM, Yoneyama S, Carty CL, Setiawan VW, Le Marchand L, Haiman C, Corbett S, Demerath E, Heiss G, Gross M, Buzkova P, Crawford DC, Hunt SC, Rao DC, Schwander K, Chakravarti A, Gottesman O, Abul-Husn NS, Bottinger EP, Loos RJF, Raffel LJ, Yao J, Guo X, Bielinski SJ, Rotter JI, Vaidya D, Chen YDI, Castañeda SF, Daviglus M, Kaplan R, Talavera GA, Ryckman KK, Peters U, Ambite JL, Buyske S, Hindorff L, Kooperberg C, Matise T, Franceschini N, North KE. The genetic underpinnings of variation in ages at menarche and natural menopause among women from the multi-ethnic Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) Study: A trans-ethnic meta-analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200486. [PMID: 30044860 PMCID: PMC6059436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge of the genetic architecture of key reproductive events across the female life course is largely based on association studies of European descent women. The relevance of known loci for age at menarche (AAM) and age at natural menopause (ANM) in diverse populations remains unclear. We investigated 32 AAM and 14 ANM previously-identified loci and sought to identify novel loci in a trans-ethnic array-wide study of 196,483 SNPs on the MetaboChip (Illumina, Inc.). A total of 45,364 women of diverse ancestries (African, Hispanic/Latina, Asian American and American Indian/Alaskan Native) in the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) Study were included in cross-sectional analyses of AAM and ANM. Within each study we conducted a linear regression of SNP associations with self-reported or medical record-derived AAM or ANM (in years), adjusting for birth year, population stratification, and center/region, as appropriate, and meta-analyzed results across studies using multiple meta-analytic techniques. For both AAM and ANM, we observed more directionally consistent associations with the previously reported risk alleles than expected by chance (p-valuesbinomial≤0.01). Eight densely genotyped reproductive loci generalized significantly to at least one non-European population. We identified one trans-ethnic array-wide SNP association with AAM and two significant associations with ANM, which have not been described previously. Additionally, we observed evidence of independent secondary signals at three of six AAM trans-ethnic loci. Our findings support the transferability of reproductive trait loci discovered in European women to women of other race/ethnicities and indicate the presence of additional trans-ethnic associations both at both novel and established loci. These findings suggest the benefit of including diverse populations in future studies of the genetic architecture of female growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Fernández-Rhodes
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Janina M. Jeff
- Genotyping Arrays Division, Illumina, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Sachiko Yoneyama
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Cara L. Carty
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - V. Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Christopher Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Steven Corbett
- Kansas Health Institute, Topeka, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Ellen Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Myron Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Petra Buzkova
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Dana C. Crawford
- Institute for Computational Biology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Steven C. Hunt
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - D. C. Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Omri Gottesman
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Noura S. Abul-Husn
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Erwin P. Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Leslie J. Raffel
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, University of California—Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Suzette J. Bielinski
- College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Sheila F. Castañeda
- South Bay Latino Research Center, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Institute of Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Gregory A. Talavera
- South Bay Latino Research Center, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Kelli K. Ryckman
- Departments of Epidemiology and Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jose Luis Ambite
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California, United States of America
| | - Steven Buyske
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Lucia Hindorff
- Division of Genomic Medicine, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Tara Matise
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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18
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Day FR, Thompson DJ, Helgason H, Chasman DI, Finucane H, Sulem P, Ruth KS, Whalen S, Sarkar AK, Albrecht E, Altmaier E, Amini M, Barbieri CM, Boutin T, Campbell A, Demerath E, Giri A, He C, Hottenga JJ, Karlsson R, Kolcic I, Loh PR, Lunetta KL, Mangino M, Marco B, McMahon G, Medland SE, Nolte IM, Noordam R, Nutile T, Paternoster L, Perjakova N, Porcu E, Rose LM, Schraut KE, Segrè AV, Smith AV, Stolk L, Teumer A, Andrulis IL, Bandinelli S, Beckmann MW, Benitez J, Bergmann S, Bochud M, Boerwinkle E, Bojesen SE, Bolla MK, Brand JS, Brauch H, Brenner H, Broer L, Brüning T, Buring JE, Campbell H, Catamo E, Chanock S, Chenevix-Trench G, Corre T, Couch FJ, Cousminer DL, Cox A, Crisponi L, Czene K, Davey Smith G, de Geus EJCN, de Mutsert R, De Vivo I, Dennis J, Devilee P, Dos-Santos-Silva I, Dunning AM, Eriksson JG, Fasching PA, Fernández-Rhodes L, Ferrucci L, Flesch-Janys D, Franke L, Gabrielson M, Gandin I, Giles GG, Grallert H, Gudbjartsson DF, Guénel P, Hall P, Hallberg E, Hamann U, Harris TB, Hartman CA, Heiss G, Hooning MJ, Hopper JL, Hu F, Hunter DJ, Ikram MA, Im HK, Järvelin MR, Joshi PK, Karasik D, Kellis M, Kutalik Z, LaChance G, Lambrechts D, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Laven JSE, Lenarduzzi S, Li J, Lind PA, Lindstrom S, Liu Y, Luan J, Mägi R, Mannermaa A, Mbarek H, McCarthy MI, Meisinger C, Meitinger T, Menni C, Metspalu A, Michailidou K, Milani L, Milne RL, Montgomery GW, Mulligan AM, Nalls MA, Navarro P, Nevanlinna H, Nyholt DR, Oldehinkel AJ, O'Mara TA, Padmanabhan S, Palotie A, Pedersen N, Peters A, Peto J, Pharoah PDP, Pouta A, Radice P, Rahman I, Ring SM, Robino A, Rosendaal FR, Rudan I, Rueedi R, Ruggiero D, Sala CF, Schmidt MK, Scott RA, Shah M, Sorice R, Southey MC, Sovio U, Stampfer M, Steri M, Strauch K, Tanaka T, Tikkanen E, Timpson NJ, Traglia M, Truong T, Tyrer JP, Uitterlinden AG, Edwards DRV, Vitart V, Völker U, Vollenweider P, Wang Q, Widen E, van Dijk KW, Willemsen G, Winqvist R, Wolffenbuttel BHR, Zhao JH, Zoledziewska M, Zygmunt M, Alizadeh BZ, Boomsma DI, Ciullo M, Cucca F, Esko T, Franceschini N, Gieger C, Gudnason V, Hayward C, Kraft P, Lawlor DA, Magnusson PKE, Martin NG, Mook-Kanamori DO, Nohr EA, Polasek O, Porteous D, Price AL, Ridker PM, Snieder H, Spector TD, Stöckl D, Toniolo D, Ulivi S, Visser JA, Völzke H, Wareham NJ, Wilson JF, Spurdle AB, Thorsteindottir U, Pollard KS, Easton DF, Tung JY, Chang-Claude J, Hinds D, Murray A, Murabito JM, Stefansson K, Ong KK, Perry JRB. Genomic analyses identify hundreds of variants associated with age at menarche and support a role for puberty timing in cancer risk. Nat Genet 2017; 49:834-841. [PMID: 28436984 PMCID: PMC5841952 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The timing of puberty is a highly polygenic childhood trait that is epidemiologically associated with various adult diseases. Using 1000 Genomes Project-imputed genotype data in up to ∼370,000 women, we identify 389 independent signals (P < 5 × 10-8) for age at menarche, a milestone in female pubertal development. In Icelandic data, these signals explain ∼7.4% of the population variance in age at menarche, corresponding to ∼25% of the estimated heritability. We implicate ∼250 genes via coding variation or associated expression, demonstrating significant enrichment in neural tissues. Rare variants near the imprinted genes MKRN3 and DLK1 were identified, exhibiting large effects when paternally inherited. Mendelian randomization analyses suggest causal inverse associations, independent of body mass index (BMI), between puberty timing and risks for breast and endometrial cancers in women and prostate cancer in men. In aggregate, our findings highlight the complexity of the genetic regulation of puberty timing and support causal links with cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix R Day
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Deborah J Thompson
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hannes Helgason
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hilary Finucane
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Katherine S Ruth
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Sean Whalen
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Abhishek K Sarkar
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eva Albrecht
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Altmaier
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marzyeh Amini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Caterina M Barbieri
- Genetics of Common Disorders Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Thibaud Boutin
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ellen Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ayush Giri
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Chunyan He
- Department of Epidemiology, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jouke J Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Po-Ru Loh
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathryn L Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- NHLBI's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Brumat Marco
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Surgical and Health, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - George McMahon
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Eleonora Porcu
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katharina E Schraut
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ayellet V Segrè
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Lisette Stolk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Matthias W Beckmann
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Judith S Brand
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eulalia Catamo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Stephen Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Diana L Cousminer
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Angela Cox
- Academic Unit of Molecular Oncology, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Laura Crisponi
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - George Davey Smith
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Eco J C N de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Isabel Dos-Santos-Silva
- Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angles, California, USA
| | - Lindsay Fernández-Rhodes
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dieter Flesch-Janys
- Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology/Clinical Cancer Registry, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marike Gabrielson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Surgical and Health, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Cancer and Environment Group, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emily Hallberg
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Maartje J Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frank Hu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David J Hunter
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hae Kyung Im
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Children and Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David Karasik
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Hebrew SeniorLife Institute for Aging Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Manolis Kellis
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Genevieve LaChance
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Vesalius Research Center (VRC), VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joop S E Laven
- Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stefania Lenarduzzi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Jingmei Li
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Penelope A Lind
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sara Lindstrom
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - YongMei Liu
- Center for Human Genetics, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hamdi Mbarek
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Central Hospital of Augsburg, MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Electron Microscopy/Molecular Pathology, Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anna M Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Pau Navarro
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dale R Nyholt
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tracy A O'Mara
- Department of Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nancy Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julian Peto
- Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anneli Pouta
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Iffat Rahman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susan M Ring
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rico Rueedi
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Cinzia F Sala
- Genetics of Common Disorders Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mitul Shah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Melissa C Southey
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ulla Sovio
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Meir Stampfer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maristella Steri
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Emmi Tikkanen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Michela Traglia
- Genetics of Common Disorders Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Thérèse Truong
- Cancer and Environment Group, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elisabeth Widen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre NordLab, Oulu, Finland
| | - Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Magdalena Zoledziewska
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marek Zygmunt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Behrooz Z Alizadeh
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Debbie A Lawlor
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen A Nohr
- Research Unit for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - David Porteous
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alkes L Price
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Doris Stöckl
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Toniolo
- Genetics of Common Disorders Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Sheila Ulivi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Jenny A Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - James F Wilson
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Department of Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Unnur Thorsteindottir
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Katherine S Pollard
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Human Genetics, and Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Hinds
- 23andMe, Inc., Mountain View, California, USA
| | - Anna Murray
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Joanne M Murabito
- NHLBI's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John R B Perry
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
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Cobb LK, McAdams-DeMarco MA, Gudzune KA, Anderson CAM, Demerath E, Woodward M, Selvin E, Coresh J. Changes in Body Mass Index and Obesity Risk in Married Couples Over 25 Years: The ARIC Cohort Study. Am J Epidemiol 2016; 183:435-43. [PMID: 26405117 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwv112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Married couples might be an appropriate target for obesity prevention interventions. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate whether an individual's risk of obesity is associated with spousal risk of obesity and whether an individual's change in body mass index (BMI; weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) is associated with spousal BMI change. We analyzed data from 3,889 spouse pairs in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study cohort who were sampled at ages 45-65 years from 1986 to 1989 and followed for up to 25 years. We estimated hazard ratios for incident obesity by whether spouses remained nonobese, became obese, remained obese, or became nonobese. We estimated the association of participants' BMI changes with concurrent spousal BMI changes using linear mixed models. Analyses were stratified by sex. At baseline, 22.6% of men and 24.7% of women were obese. Nonobese participants whose spouses became obese were more likely to become obese themselves (for men, hazard ratio = 1.78, 95% confidence interval: 1.30, 2.43; for women, hazard ratio = 1.89, 95% confidence interval: 1.39, 2.57). With each 1-unit increase in spousal BMI change, women's BMI change increased by 0.15 (95% confidence interval: 0.13, 0.18) and men's BMI change increased by 0.10 (95% confidence interval: 0.09, 0.12). Having a spouse become obese nearly doubles one's risk of becoming obese. Future research should consider exploring the efficacy of obesity prevention interventions in couples.
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Zhu N, Jacobs DR, Schreiner PJ, Launer LJ, Whitmer RA, Sidney S, Demerath E, Thomas W, Bouchard C, He K, Erus G, Battapady H, Bryan RN. Cardiorespiratory fitness and brain volume and white matter integrity: The CARDIA Study. Neurology 2015; 84:2347-53. [PMID: 25957331 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that greater cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with lower odds of having unfavorable brain MRI findings. METHODS We studied 565 healthy, middle-aged, black and white men and women in the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) Study. The fitness measure was symptom-limited maximal treadmill test duration (Maxdur); brain MRI was measured 5 years later. Brain MRI measures were analyzed as means and as proportions below the 15th percentile (above the 85th percentile for white matter abnormal tissue volume). RESULTS Per 1-minute-higher Maxdur, the odds ratio for having less whole brain volume was 0.85 (p = 0.04) and for having low white matter integrity was 0.80 (p = 0.02), adjusted for age, race, sex, clinic, body mass index, smoking, alcohol, diet, physical activity, education, blood pressure, diabetes, total cholesterol, and lung function (plus intracranial volume for white matter integrity). No significant associations were observed between Maxdur and abnormal tissue volume or blood flow in white matter. Findings were similar for associations with continuous brain MRI measures. CONCLUSIONS Greater physical fitness was associated with more brain volume and greater white matter integrity measured 5 years later in middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhu
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health (N.Z., D.R.J., P.J.S., E.D.) and Biostatistics (W.T.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota; St. Barnabas Hospital (N.Z.), affiliated with Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Neuroepidemiology Section (L.J.L.), NIA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (R.A.W., S.S.); Human Genomics (C.B.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center; School of Public Health (K.H.), Indiana University Bloomington; and Department of Radiology (G.E., H.B., R.N.B.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - David R Jacobs
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health (N.Z., D.R.J., P.J.S., E.D.) and Biostatistics (W.T.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota; St. Barnabas Hospital (N.Z.), affiliated with Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Neuroepidemiology Section (L.J.L.), NIA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (R.A.W., S.S.); Human Genomics (C.B.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center; School of Public Health (K.H.), Indiana University Bloomington; and Department of Radiology (G.E., H.B., R.N.B.), University of Pennsylvania.
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health (N.Z., D.R.J., P.J.S., E.D.) and Biostatistics (W.T.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota; St. Barnabas Hospital (N.Z.), affiliated with Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Neuroepidemiology Section (L.J.L.), NIA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (R.A.W., S.S.); Human Genomics (C.B.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center; School of Public Health (K.H.), Indiana University Bloomington; and Department of Radiology (G.E., H.B., R.N.B.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Lenore J Launer
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health (N.Z., D.R.J., P.J.S., E.D.) and Biostatistics (W.T.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota; St. Barnabas Hospital (N.Z.), affiliated with Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Neuroepidemiology Section (L.J.L.), NIA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (R.A.W., S.S.); Human Genomics (C.B.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center; School of Public Health (K.H.), Indiana University Bloomington; and Department of Radiology (G.E., H.B., R.N.B.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Rachel A Whitmer
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health (N.Z., D.R.J., P.J.S., E.D.) and Biostatistics (W.T.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota; St. Barnabas Hospital (N.Z.), affiliated with Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Neuroepidemiology Section (L.J.L.), NIA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (R.A.W., S.S.); Human Genomics (C.B.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center; School of Public Health (K.H.), Indiana University Bloomington; and Department of Radiology (G.E., H.B., R.N.B.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen Sidney
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health (N.Z., D.R.J., P.J.S., E.D.) and Biostatistics (W.T.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota; St. Barnabas Hospital (N.Z.), affiliated with Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Neuroepidemiology Section (L.J.L.), NIA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (R.A.W., S.S.); Human Genomics (C.B.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center; School of Public Health (K.H.), Indiana University Bloomington; and Department of Radiology (G.E., H.B., R.N.B.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Ellen Demerath
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health (N.Z., D.R.J., P.J.S., E.D.) and Biostatistics (W.T.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota; St. Barnabas Hospital (N.Z.), affiliated with Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Neuroepidemiology Section (L.J.L.), NIA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (R.A.W., S.S.); Human Genomics (C.B.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center; School of Public Health (K.H.), Indiana University Bloomington; and Department of Radiology (G.E., H.B., R.N.B.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - William Thomas
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health (N.Z., D.R.J., P.J.S., E.D.) and Biostatistics (W.T.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota; St. Barnabas Hospital (N.Z.), affiliated with Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Neuroepidemiology Section (L.J.L.), NIA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (R.A.W., S.S.); Human Genomics (C.B.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center; School of Public Health (K.H.), Indiana University Bloomington; and Department of Radiology (G.E., H.B., R.N.B.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Claude Bouchard
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health (N.Z., D.R.J., P.J.S., E.D.) and Biostatistics (W.T.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota; St. Barnabas Hospital (N.Z.), affiliated with Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Neuroepidemiology Section (L.J.L.), NIA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (R.A.W., S.S.); Human Genomics (C.B.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center; School of Public Health (K.H.), Indiana University Bloomington; and Department of Radiology (G.E., H.B., R.N.B.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Ka He
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health (N.Z., D.R.J., P.J.S., E.D.) and Biostatistics (W.T.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota; St. Barnabas Hospital (N.Z.), affiliated with Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Neuroepidemiology Section (L.J.L.), NIA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (R.A.W., S.S.); Human Genomics (C.B.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center; School of Public Health (K.H.), Indiana University Bloomington; and Department of Radiology (G.E., H.B., R.N.B.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Guray Erus
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health (N.Z., D.R.J., P.J.S., E.D.) and Biostatistics (W.T.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota; St. Barnabas Hospital (N.Z.), affiliated with Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Neuroepidemiology Section (L.J.L.), NIA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (R.A.W., S.S.); Human Genomics (C.B.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center; School of Public Health (K.H.), Indiana University Bloomington; and Department of Radiology (G.E., H.B., R.N.B.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Harsha Battapady
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health (N.Z., D.R.J., P.J.S., E.D.) and Biostatistics (W.T.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota; St. Barnabas Hospital (N.Z.), affiliated with Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Neuroepidemiology Section (L.J.L.), NIA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (R.A.W., S.S.); Human Genomics (C.B.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center; School of Public Health (K.H.), Indiana University Bloomington; and Department of Radiology (G.E., H.B., R.N.B.), University of Pennsylvania
| | - R Nick Bryan
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology and Community Health (N.Z., D.R.J., P.J.S., E.D.) and Biostatistics (W.T.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota; St. Barnabas Hospital (N.Z.), affiliated with Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Neuroepidemiology Section (L.J.L.), NIA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research (R.A.W., S.S.); Human Genomics (C.B.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center; School of Public Health (K.H.), Indiana University Bloomington; and Department of Radiology (G.E., H.B., R.N.B.), University of Pennsylvania
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Zhu N, Jacobs DR, Schreiner PJ, Yaffe K, Bryan N, Launer LJ, Whitmer RA, Sidney S, Demerath E, Thomas W, Bouchard C, He K, Reis J, Sternfeld B. Cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function in middle age: the CARDIA study. Neurology 2014; 82:1339-46. [PMID: 24696506 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000000310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether greater cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with better cognitive function 25 years later. METHODS We studied 2,747 participants in the community-based Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study of black and white men and women aged 18 to 30 years at recruitment in 1985-1986 (baseline year 0). Symptom-limited maximal treadmill test durations at years 0 and 20 provided measures of CRF. Cognitive tests at year 25 measured verbal memory (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test [RAVLT]), psychomotor speed (Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST]), and executive function (Stroop Test). RESULTS Per minute of baseline CRF, the RAVLT was 0.12 words recalled higher (standard error [SE] = 0.03, p < 0.0001), the DSST was 0.92 digits higher (SE = 0.13, p < 0.0001), and the Stroop Test score was 0.52 lower (better performance, SE = 0.11, p < 0.0001), after accounting for race, sex, age, education, and clinical center. Compared with the lowest quartile of CRF, each cognitive test was 21% to 34% of an SD better in the highest CRF quartile. Further adjustment for lifestyle and clinical measures attenuated coefficients for RAVLT and DSST slightly, while the coefficient predicting the Stroop Test lost more than half its value (p = 0.07). Analysis in the subset of 1,957 participants who also completed the year-20 treadmill test showed that 20-year change in CRF was positively associated only with DSST (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Better verbal memory and faster psychomotor speed at ages 43 to 55 years were clearly associated with better CRF 25 years earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhu
- From the Divisions of Epidemiology (N.Z., D.R.J., P.J.S., E.D.) and Biostatistics (W.T.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Department of Nutrition (D.R.J.), University of Oslo, Norway; Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Radiology (N.B.), University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia; Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry (L.J.L.), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Division of Research (R.A.W., S.S., B.S.), Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Oakland, CA; Human Genomics Laboratory (C.B.), Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department (K.H.), Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (J.R.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
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Kilpeläinen TO, Qi L, Brage S, Sharp SJ, Sonestedt E, Demerath E, Ahmad T, Mora S, Kaakinen M, Sandholt CH, Holzapfel C, Autenrieth CS, Hyppönen E, Cauchi S, He M, Kutalik Z, Kumari M, Stančáková A, Meidtner K, Balkau B, Tan JT, Mangino M, Timpson NJ, Song Y, Zillikens MC, Jablonski KA, Garcia ME, Johansson S, Bragg-Gresham JL, Wu Y, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Onland-Moret NC, Zimmermann E, Rivera NV, Tanaka T, Stringham HM, Silbernagel G, Kanoni S, Feitosa MF, Snitker S, Ruiz JR, Metter J, Larrad MTM, Atalay M, Hakanen M, Amin N, Cavalcanti-Proença C, Grøntved A, Hallmans G, Jansson JO, Kuusisto J, Kähönen M, Lutsey PL, Nolan JJ, Palla L, Pedersen O, Pérusse L, Renström F, Scott RA, Shungin D, Sovio U, Tammelin TH, Rönnemaa T, Lakka TA, Uusitupa M, Rios MS, Ferrucci L, Bouchard C, Meirhaeghe A, Fu M, Walker M, Borecki IB, Dedoussis GV, Fritsche A, Ohlsson C, Boehnke M, Bandinelli S, van Duijn CM, Ebrahim S, Lawlor DA, Gudnason V, Harris TB, Sørensen TIA, Mohlke KL, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Tuomilehto J, Lehtimäki T, Raitakari O, Isomaa B, Njølstad PR, Florez JC, Liu S, Ness A, Spector TD, Tai ES, Froguel P, Boeing H, Laakso M, Marmot M, Bergmann S, Power C, Khaw KT, Chasman D, Ridker P, Hansen T, Monda KL, Illig T, Järvelin MR, Wareham NJ, Hu FB, Groop LC, Orho-Melander M, Ekelund U, Franks PW, Loos RJF. Physical activity attenuates the influence of FTO variants on obesity risk: a meta-analysis of 218,166 adults and 19,268 children. PLoS Med 2011; 8:e1001116. [PMID: 22069379 PMCID: PMC3206047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The FTO gene harbors the strongest known susceptibility locus for obesity. While many individual studies have suggested that physical activity (PA) may attenuate the effect of FTO on obesity risk, other studies have not been able to confirm this interaction. To confirm or refute unambiguously whether PA attenuates the association of FTO with obesity risk, we meta-analyzed data from 45 studies of adults (n = 218,166) and nine studies of children and adolescents (n = 19,268). METHODS AND FINDINGS All studies identified to have data on the FTO rs9939609 variant (or any proxy [r(2)>0.8]) and PA were invited to participate, regardless of ethnicity or age of the participants. PA was standardized by categorizing it into a dichotomous variable (physically inactive versus active) in each study. Overall, 25% of adults and 13% of children were categorized as inactive. Interaction analyses were performed within each study by including the FTO×PA interaction term in an additive model, adjusting for age and sex. Subsequently, random effects meta-analysis was used to pool the interaction terms. In adults, the minor (A-) allele of rs9939609 increased the odds of obesity by 1.23-fold/allele (95% CI 1.20-1.26), but PA attenuated this effect (p(interaction) = 0.001). More specifically, the minor allele of rs9939609 increased the odds of obesity less in the physically active group (odds ratio = 1.22/allele, 95% CI 1.19-1.25) than in the inactive group (odds ratio = 1.30/allele, 95% CI 1.24-1.36). No such interaction was found in children and adolescents. CONCLUSIONS The association of the FTO risk allele with the odds of obesity is attenuated by 27% in physically active adults, highlighting the importance of PA in particular in those genetically predisposed to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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N'Diaye A, Chen GK, Palmer CD, Ge B, Tayo B, Mathias RA, Ding J, Nalls MA, Adeyemo A, Adoue V, Ambrosone CB, Atwood L, Bandera EV, Becker LC, Berndt SI, Bernstein L, Blot WJ, Boerwinkle E, Britton A, Casey G, Chanock SJ, Demerath E, Deming SL, Diver WR, Fox C, Harris TB, Hernandez DG, Hu JJ, Ingles SA, John EM, Johnson C, Keating B, Kittles RA, Kolonel LN, Kritchevsky SB, Le Marchand L, Lohman K, Liu J, Millikan RC, Murphy A, Musani S, Neslund-Dudas C, North KE, Nyante S, Ogunniyi A, Ostrander EA, Papanicolaou G, Patel S, Pettaway CA, Press MF, Redline S, Rodriguez-Gil JL, Rotimi C, Rybicki BA, Salako B, Schreiner PJ, Signorello LB, Singleton AB, Stanford JL, Stram AH, Stram DO, Strom SS, Suktitipat B, Thun MJ, Witte JS, Yanek LR, Ziegler RG, Zheng W, Zhu X, Zmuda JM, Zonderman AB, Evans MK, Liu Y, Becker DM, Cooper RS, Pastinen T, Henderson BE, Hirschhorn JN, Lettre G, Haiman CA. Identification, replication, and fine-mapping of Loci associated with adult height in individuals of african ancestry. PLoS Genet 2011; 7:e1002298. [PMID: 21998595 PMCID: PMC3188544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult height is a classic polygenic trait of high heritability (h2 ∼0.8). More than 180 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), identified mostly in populations of European descent, are associated with height. These variants convey modest effects and explain ∼10% of the variance in height. Discovery efforts in other populations, while limited, have revealed loci for height not previously implicated in individuals of European ancestry. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association (GWA) results for adult height in 20,427 individuals of African ancestry with replication in up to 16,436 African Americans. We found two novel height loci (Xp22-rs12393627, P = 3.4×10−12 and 2p14-rs4315565, P = 1.2×10−8). As a group, height associations discovered in European-ancestry samples replicate in individuals of African ancestry (P = 1.7×10−4 for overall replication). Fine-mapping of the European height loci in African-ancestry individuals showed an enrichment of SNPs that are associated with expression of nearby genes when compared to the index European height SNPs (P<0.01). Our results highlight the utility of genetic studies in non-European populations to understand the etiology of complex human diseases and traits. Adult height is an ideal phenotype to improve our understanding of the genetic architecture of complex diseases and traits: it is easily measured and usually available in large cohorts, relatively stable, and mostly influenced by genetics (narrow-sense heritability of height h2∼0.8). Genome-wide association (GWA) studies in individuals of European ancestry have identified >180 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with height. In the current study, we continued to use height as a model polygenic trait and explored the genetic influence in populations of African ancestry through a meta-analysis of GWA height results from 20,809 individuals of African descent. We identified two novel height loci not previously found in Europeans. We also replicated the European height signals, suggesting that many of the genetic variants that are associated with height are shared between individuals of European and African descent. Finally, in fine-mapping the European height loci in African-ancestry individuals, we found SNPs more likely to be associated with the expression of nearby genes than the SNPs originally found in Europeans. Thus, our results support the utility of performing genetic studies in non-European populations to gain insights into complex human diseases and traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gary K. Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Cameron D. Palmer
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology and Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bing Ge
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Bamidele Tayo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Rasika A. Mathias
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins GeneSTAR Research Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Adebowale Adeyemo
- NIH Intramural Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Véronique Adoue
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Christine B. Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Larry Atwood
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Elisa V. Bandera
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Lewis C. Becker
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins GeneSTAR Research Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sonja I. Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Leslie Bernstein
- Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Science, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - William J. Blot
- International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt–Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center and Institute of Molecular Medicine and Division of Epidemiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Angela Britton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Graham Casey
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ellen Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Sandra L. Deming
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt–Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - W. Ryan Diver
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Caroline Fox
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Dena G. Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jennifer J. Hu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sue A. Ingles
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Esther M. John
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California, United States of America
- School of Medicine and Stanford Cancer Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Craig Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Brendan Keating
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Rick A. Kittles
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Laurence N. Kolonel
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Stephen B. Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Kurt Lohman
- Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jiankang Liu
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Robert C. Millikan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Adam Murphy
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Solomon Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Christine Neslund-Dudas
- Department of Biostatistics and Research Epidemiology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Sarah Nyante
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Elaine A. Ostrander
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - George Papanicolaou
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sanjay Patel
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Curtis A. Pettaway
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michael F. Press
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jorge L. Rodriguez-Gil
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Charles Rotimi
- NIH Intramural Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Benjamin A. Rybicki
- Department of Biostatistics and Research Epidemiology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | | | - Pamela J. Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Lisa B. Signorello
- International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt–Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Andrew B. Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Janet L. Stanford
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Alex H. Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Daniel O. Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sara S. Strom
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bhoom Suktitipat
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins GeneSTAR Research Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Thun
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - John S. Witte
- Institute for Human Genetics, Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Lisa R. Yanek
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins GeneSTAR Research Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Regina G. Ziegler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt–Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Joseph M. Zmuda
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Alan B. Zonderman
- Laboratory of Personality and Cognition, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michele K. Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Diane M. Becker
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins GeneSTAR Research Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Richard S. Cooper
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Tomi Pastinen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Brian E. Henderson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Joel N. Hirschhorn
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology and Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JN Hirschhorn); (G Lettre); (CA Haiman)
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- * E-mail: (JN Hirschhorn); (G Lettre); (CA Haiman)
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JN Hirschhorn); (G Lettre); (CA Haiman)
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He C, Chasman D, Ruiter R, Dreyfus J, Porcu E, Hwang SJ, Hankinson S, Buring J, Stolk L, Franceschini N, Sannna S, Lunetta K, Ridker P, Stricker B, Demerath E, Crisponi L, Murabito J, Hunter D. Abstract 5600: Genetic variants associated with reproductive aging and the risk of breast cancer. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-5600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Early menarche and later menopause are well-established risk factors for breast cancer. Recent genome-wide association studies have identified several novel loci for these two traits. However, the association between these loci and breast cancer risk remains unknown. In this study, we investigated 19 and 17 newly identified SNPs from ReproGen Consortium that were associated with age at menarche and age at natural menopause, respectively, and assessed their association with breast cancer in 6 population-based studies. We further used these SNPs to calculate genetic risk scores (GRSs) based on their association with each trait. After adjustment for age and potential population stratification, two age-at -menarche associated SNPs (rs1079866 and rs7821178) and one age-at-natural-menopause associated SNP (rs2517388) were associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (p values, 0.003, 0.009 and 0.023, respectively); although overall we did not observe significant association between the GRSs and breast cancer risk, the 4th and 5th highest quintile of the menarche GRS had relative ratios of 1.14 (CI, 1.01 to 1.28) and 1.13 (CI, 1.00 to 1.27), respectively, compared to the lowest quintile; and these associations did not appear to be attenuated by controlling for age at menarche, age at natural menopause, or other conventional risk factors. Our study suggested that three genetic variants, independent of their association with onset of menarche or natural menopause, were associated with breast cancer risk, and a GRS that combines multiple menarche-associated SNPs might be useful for identifying a high risk subgroup for breast cancer.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5600. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5600
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jill Dreyfus
- 4University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- 6The National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
| | | | | | | | | | - Serena Sannna
- 5Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Kathryn Lunetta
- 6The National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
| | | | | | | | | | - Joanne Murabito
- 6The National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
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25
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Folsom AR, Peacock JM, Demerath E, Boerwinkle E. Variation in ANGPTL4 and risk of coronary heart disease: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Metabolism 2008; 57:1591-6. [PMID: 18940399 PMCID: PMC2707767 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2008.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2008] [Accepted: 06/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An E40K loss-of-function variant in the ANGPTL4 gene is associated with substantially reduced plasma triglyceride levels in white persons, but its association with cardiovascular disease occurrence has not been reported. The prospective, population-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study measured the E40K ANGPTL4 variant in approximately 10000 white participants and determined its association with coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence (n = 1318 events) between 1987-1989 and 2004. Compared with noncarriers, carriers of 1 or 2 copies of the 40K variant (3.8% frequency) had a 19-mg/dL lower age- and sex-adjusted mean triglyceride level, 5-mg/dL lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and 4-mg/dL higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The age-, sex-, and field center-adjusted hazard ratio of CHD was 0.63 (95% confidence interval, 0.45-0.89). Adjustment for nonlipid confounding factors did not change this hazard ratio appreciably. Carriers also appeared to have reduced risk of incident stroke, prevalent peripheral artery disease, and carotid atherosclerosis; but these associations were based on few events among 40K carriers and were not statistically significant. In conclusion, in this prospective study, the 40K variant of ANGPTL4 appeared to confer reduced genetic risk for CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R Folsom
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
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26
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Chumlea WC, Schubert CM, Sun SS, Demerath E, Towne B, Siervogel RM. A review of body water status and the effects of age and body fatness in children and adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2007; 11:111-8. [PMID: 17435953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most investigations of TBW, ECW and body composition and reports of their intra-body relationships were published prior to 1980. Distributional TBW and ECW relationships within the body have been considered fixed, but there was evidence these relationships were affected by the level of fatness. Body composition models based on past findings and assumptions could produce inaccurate estimates when the majority of the population is overweight to obese. METHODS TBW and ECW volumes, their proportions of body weight, FFM and percent body fat and associations with age are considered in U.S. children and adults. This review focuses on studies reporting measured body water volumes from large samples except for the national predicted values from NHANES III. RESULTS Measured TBW volumes for children and adults are almost exclusively from whites with the exception of the estimated values from NHANES III for non-Hispanic black and Mexican-Americans. Mean adult TBW volumes are as much as 9 liters greater than those reported prior to 1980. Low mean percentages of TBW%WT reflect the greater level of adiposity in children and adults, and this level of adiposity affects the value of TBW% FFM. Mean ECW volumes for white adults are 10 to 12 liters larger than those reported previously. With greater fatness in adults, ECW%TBW has increased to near 60%, and this implies that a calculation of FFM based on 73% and an ECW%TBW of 25-45% could produce an overestimation but more important clinically an underestimation of body fatness. CONCLUSION There is inadequate timely information on measured total and extra-cellular water volumes for the population. Available data indicate a coincident increase in body water with overweight and obesity, and a shifting in the proportion of ECW in TBW. Clinical and pharmacological treatments based upon past assumptions of body water volumes, proportions and relationships could produce inaccurate estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wm C Chumlea
- Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Department of Community Health, Lifespan Health, Research Center, 3171 Research Blvd, Dayton, OH 45420, 937-775-1428, USA.
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27
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Arya R, Demerath E, Jenkinson CP, Göring HHH, Puppala S, Farook V, Fowler S, Schneider J, Granato R, Resendez RG, Dyer TD, Cole SA, Almasy L, Comuzzie AG, Siervogel RM, Bradshaw B, DeFronzo RA, MacCluer J, Stern MP, Towne B, Blangero J, Duggirala R. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 6q influences birth weight in two independent family studies. Hum Mol Genet 2006; 15:1569-79. [PMID: 16611675 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddl076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Low birth weight is an important cause of infant mortality and morbidity worldwide. Birth weight has been shown to be inversely correlated with adult complex diseases such as obesity, type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about the genetic factors influencing variation in birth weight and its association with diseases that occur in later life. We, therefore, have performed a genome-wide search to identify genes that influence birth weight in Mexican-Americans using the data from the San Antonio Family Birth Weight Study participants (n=840). Heritability of birth weight was estimated as 72.0+/-8.4% (P<0.0001) after adjusting for the effects of sex and term. Multipoint linkage analysis yielded the strongest evidence for linkage of birth weight (LOD=3.7) between the markers D6S1053 and D6S1031 on chromosome 6q. This finding has been replicated (LOD=2.3) in an independent European-American population. Together, these findings provide substantial evidence (LOD(adj)=4.3) for a major locus influencing variation in birth weight. This region harbors positional candidate genes such as chorionic gonadotropin, alpha chain; collagen, type XIX, alpha-1; and protein-tyrosine phosphatase, type 4A, 1 that may play a role in fetal growth and development. In addition, potential evidence for linkage (LOD>or=1.2) was found on chromosomes 1q, 2q, 3q, 4q, 9p, 19p and 19q with LODs ranging from 1.3 to 2.7. Thus, we have found strong evidence for a major gene on chromosome 6q that influences variation in birth weight in both Mexican- and European-Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rector Arya
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, 78229-3900, USA.
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McIntyre MH, Ellison PT, Lieberman DE, Demerath E, Towne B. The development of sex differences in digital formula from infancy in the Fels Longitudinal Study. Proc Biol Sci 2005; 272:1473-9. [PMID: 16011922 PMCID: PMC1559827 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2005.3100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Relative finger lengths, especially the second-to-fourth finger length ratio, have been proposed as useful markers for prenatal testosterone action. This claim partly depends on an association of relative finger lengths in adults with related sex differences in children and infants. This paper reports the results of a study using serial radiographs to test for both sex differences in the fingers of infants and children and for a relationship between sex differences in the children and infant finger and adult finger length ratios. This is the first study using long-term serial data to evaluate the validity of finger length ratios as markers. We found not only that sex differences in finger length ratios arise prior to puberty, but that sex differences in the fingers of children are highly correlated with adult finger length ratios. Our results strongly encourage the further use of finger length ratios as markers of perinatal testosterone action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew H McIntyre
- Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Peabody Museum, 11 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Although identification of obesity during childhood is strongly recommended for the prevention of adult disease, access to obesity screening for children is almost exclusively through physicians' office visits. We examined the feasibility and utility of conducting a school-based obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor screening program in a rural Appalachian population. METHODS Height, weight, blood pressure, total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were measured in 1338 fifth-grade children (631 boys and 707 girls) in 14 rural West Virginia counties in 2000-2001. RESULTS We found a high prevalence of overweight (17.5%) and obesity (27.0%). Compared with non-overweight children, obese children had greater risk of high TC (OR 2.4), low HDL cholesterol (OR 5.3), high systolic blood pressure (OR 3.3), and high diastolic blood pressure (OR 2.4) (all OR >1.0, P < 0.05). Only 63% of obese and 26% of overweight children were identified by their physician as having a weight above recommended values. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of obesity, the associated clustering of CVD risk factors, and the low obesity identification rate by physicians suggest that alternative approaches to obesity screening, such as universal school-based programs, may be warranted in high-risk communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Demerath
- Lifespan Health Research Center, Department of Community Health, Wright State University School of Medicine, 3171 Research Boulevard, Kettering, OH 45420-4014, USA.
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Demerath E, Towne B, Blangero J, Siervogel RM. The relationship of soluble ICAM-1, VCAM-1, P-selectin and E-selectin to cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy men and women. Ann Hum Biol 2001; 28:664-78. [PMID: 11726042 DOI: 10.1080/03014460110048530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies have shown that elevated serum concentrations of cell adhesion molecules such as inter-cellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin (ESEL) and P-selectin (PSEL) may be independent risk factors for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Less is known of the relationship of these inflammatory markers with established CVD risk factors in healthy individuals, particularly women. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine cross-sectional relationships between the concentrations of soluble adhesion molecules (sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, sPSEL and sESEL) and smoking behaviour, body composition, blood pressure, serum lipids and physical activity in a large sample of healthy men and women, with special emphasis on interactions between smoking and other CVD risk factors. SUBJECTS The analysis included 592 healthy white adults aged 18-82 years. RESULTS There were no sex differences in the concentrations of sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and sPSEL, but men had higher sESEL levels than women (p < 0.0001). Male and female smokers had higher sICAM-1 and sESEL levels than non-smokers and soluble cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) were correlated with the pack-years of cigarette smoking (r = 0.3-0.4, p < 0.0001, significant in women only). Significant independent associations were found between soluble CAMs and smoking, waist-hip ratio (WHR), blood pressure, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol. Furthermore, significant interaction effects were found in women, such that the relationship between CAMs and lipid concentrations and WHR were stronger in smokers than non-smokers. In conclusion, the concentration of soluble CAMs, particularly sICAM-1 and sESEL, reflect the level of established CVD risk factors in apparently healthy men and women, adding to the evidence that these factors contribute to CVD through their inflammatory effects on the vascular endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Demerath
- Lifespan Health Research Center, Wright State University School of Medicine, Kettering, Ohio 45420-4014, USA.
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Demerath E, Demerath P, Schall J, Shoup R. In memoriam: Barbara Honeyman Heath Roll (1910-1998). Am J Hum Biol 2001; 11:429-431. [PMID: 11533961 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1520-6300(1999)11:4<429::aid-ajhb1>3.0.co;2-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Demerath
- Division of Human Biology, Department of Community Health, Wright State University School of Medicine, Yellow Springs, Ohio 45387-1695
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32
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Neal WA, Demerath E, Gonzales E, Spangler E, Minor VE, Stollings R, Islam S. Coronary Artery Risk Detection in Appalachian Communities (CARDIAC): preliminary findings. W V Med J 2001; 97:102-5. [PMID: 11392187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
West Virginia's mortality and morbidity from cardiovascular disease (CVD) is among the highest in the developed world. Appalachia, and West Virginia in particular, could reduce the high prevalence of premature coronary heart disease (CHD) by addressing modifiable independent risk factors such as poor nutrition, sedentary lifestyle, and tobacco use. School-based health promotion programs have been shown to be an effective means of influencing student and parental health behavior. The pilot phase of the Coronary Artery Risk Detection in Appalachian Communities (CARDIAC) project substantiated an alarmingly high incidence of CVD risk factors among 347 fifth grade children from three rural counties, and was also an effective means of identifying parents at risk of developing CHD. Utilization of the innovative Rural Health Education Partnerships (WVRHEP), coupled with a health conscious public school system, offers a unique opportunity to establish the first statewide cardiovascular disease community intervention project in the nation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Neal
- Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, USA
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33
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Guo SS, Huang C, Maynard LM, Demerath E, Towne B, Chumlea WC, Siervogel RM. Body mass index during childhood, adolescence and young adulthood in relation to adult overweight and adiposity: the Fels Longitudinal Study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2000; 24:1628-35. [PMID: 11126216 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood overweight develops during 'critical periods', but the relationship of body mass index (BMI) patterns during 'critical periods' from childhood into adulthood with subsequent overweight and adiposity has not been previously investigated. BMI patterns during early childhood, pubescence and post-pubescence and their independent effects on overweight and body fatness at 35-45 y of age were examined along with birth weight and the effects of adult lifestyle factors. METHODS BMI parameters describing the timing, velocity minimum (min) and maximum (max) values from 2 to 25 y of age were related to adulthood BMI values and total and percentage body fat (TBF, %BF) at 35-45 y. These data were from 180 males and 158 females in the Fels Longitudinal Study. RESULTS There was no sex difference in the timing of BMI rebound, but the age of BMI maximum velocity and maximum BMI were both earlier in girls. Children with an earlier BMI rebound had larger BMI values at rebound and at maximum velocity. Children who reached maximum BMI at later age had larger maximum BMI values. Maximum BMI was a strong predictor for adult BMI and in females, a strong predictor of adulthood TBF and %BF. Maximum BMI was closely related to maximum BMI velocity in females and in males, BMI at maximum velocity is a strong predictor of TBF and %BF. CONCLUSIONS Changes in childhood BMI were related to adult overweight and adiposity more so in females than males. BMI rebound is a significant important period related to overweight at 35-45 y in females but not in males. However BMI patterns during and post-adolescence were more important than the BMI rebound for adulthood TBF and %BF status. There is marked tracking in BMI from approximately 20 y into 35-45 y. The pattern of BMI changes from 2 to 25 y had stronger effects on subsequent adult overweight than birth weight and adult lifestyle variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Guo
- Department of Community Health, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH 45435, USA.
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