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Abdel-Bakky MS, Mohammed HA, Mahmoud NI, Amin E, Alsharidah M, Al Rugaie O, Ewees MG. Targeting the PI3K/pAKT/mTOR/NF-κB/FOXO3a signaling pathway for suppressing the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in rats: Role of the natural remedic Suaeda vermiculata forssk. Environ Toxicol 2024; 39:3666-3678. [PMID: 38506534 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Liver malignancy is well recognized as a prominent health concern, with numerous treatment options available. Natural products are considered a renewable source, providing inspiring chemical moieties that could be used for cancer treatment. Suaeda vermiculata Forssk has traditionally been employed for management of hepatic conditions, including liver inflammation, and liver cirrhosis, as well as to improve general liver function. The findings of our earlier study demonstrated encouraging in vivo hepatoprotective benefits against liver injury generated by paracetamol and carbon tetrachloride. Additionally, Suaeda vermiculata Forssk exhibited cytotoxic activities in vitro against Hep-G2 cell lines and cell lines resistant to doxorubicin. The present investigation aimed to examine the potential in vivo hepatoprotective efficacy of Suaeda vermiculata Forssk extract (SVE) against hepatocellular carcinoma induced by diethylnitrosamine (DENA) in rats. The potential involvement of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/NF-κB pathway was addressed. Sixty adult male albino rats were allocated into five groups randomly (n = 10). First group received a buffer, whereas second group received SVE only, third group received DENA only, and fourth and fifth groups received high and low doses of SVE, respectively, in the presence of DENA. Liver toxicity and tumor markers (HGFR, p-AKT, PI3K, mTOR, NF-κB, FOXO3a), apoptosis markers, and histopathological changes were analyzed. The current results demonstrated that SVE inhibited PI3K/AKT/mTOR/NF-κB pathway as well as increased expression of apoptotic parameters and FOXO3a levels, which were deteriorated by DENA treatment. Furthermore, SVE improved liver toxicity markers and histopathological changes induced by DENA administration. This study provided evidence for the conventional hepatoprotective properties attributed to SV and investigated the underlying mechanism by which its extract, SVE, could potentially serve as a novel option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment derived from a natural source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Abdel-Bakky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Egypt
| | - Hamdoon A Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Egypt
| | - Nesreen I Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Egypt
| | - Elham Amin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Mansour Alsharidah
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osamah Al Rugaie
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed G Ewees
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Egypt
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Said MA, Alhumaid MM. Appraising the Physical Activity Levels of Saudis with Physical Disabilities: Effects of Disability Type, Mobility Assistive Devices, and Demographic Factors. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:937. [PMID: 38727494 PMCID: PMC11083246 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12090937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) has numerous health benefits for individuals with physical disabilities (IWPD). However, it is common for activity levels to fall below the suggested limits. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, pattern, and levels of PA among IWPD in Saudi Arabia. It also investigated the effects of individuals' type of disability, mobility assistive devices, and demographic features on PA levels. Data were collected from 238 participants, mostly male (62.2%), aged 39.76 ± 12.19 years. Among them, 19.3% had spinal conditions, 14.7% had progressive muscular dystrophy, 15.1% had multiple sclerosis, 17.6% had cerebral palsy, 16.4% had poliomyelitis, and 16.8% had limb or foot amputations. The participants were assessed using the Arabic version of the Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (PASIPD-AR). The results showed that 62.6% (64.9% of males and 58.9% of females) met the minimum PA guidelines specified by the WHO. The average PASIPD-AR score was 10.33 ± 10.67 MET-hours/day, indicating lower PA levels, and 8.4% of individuals did not participate in any form of PA. Significant discrepancies were detected in disability type and mobility assistive device use after age adjustment. Marital status, education, and occupation greatly affected PA components. Greater attention should be paid to promoting an active lifestyle among IWPD in Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Said
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jandouba, Kef 7100, Tunisia
| | - Majed M. Alhumaid
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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El-Essawy FA, Odah MAA. Design and Synthesis of Polyheterocyclic Compounds Containing Pyrazolopyridopyrimidine Nucleus with Antimicrobial Activities. ChemistryOpen 2024:e202400070. [PMID: 38683824 DOI: 10.1002/open.202400070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study reports the design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of a library of novel polyheterocyclic derivatives featuring a unique fused pyrimidopyridopyrazole moiety. A cyclocondensation reaction between an amino-pyrazolopyridopyrimidine precursor and malonates afforded a series of pyrimidopyridopyrazolopyrimidine derivatives. Further diversification was achieved through nucleophilic cyclocondensation, yielding a collection of complex polyheterocyclic systems encompassing various ring structures. All synthesized compounds were rigorously characterized using spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. The antibacterial activity of the newly synthesized compounds was assessed against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Notably, several compounds exhibited promising antibacterial activity, highlighting their potential as leads for the development of novel antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farag A El-Essawy
- Preparatory Year Deanship. Basic Science Department, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 151, Alkharj, 11942, KSA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ahmad Ahmad Odah
- Preparatory Year Deanship. Basic Science Department, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 151, Alkharj, 11942, KSA, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang X, Liu X, Tirani FF, Ding B, Chen J, Rahim G, Han M, Zhang K, Zhou Y, Quan H, Li B, Du W, Brooks KG, Dai S, Fei Z, Asiri AM, Dyson PJ, Nazeeruddin MK, Ding Y. Dopant-Free Pyrene-Based Hole Transporting Material Enables Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202320152. [PMID: 38437457 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202320152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Dopant-free hole transporting materials (HTMs) is significant to the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, we developed a novel star-shape arylamine HTM, termed Py-DB, with a pyrene core and carbon-carbon double bonds as the bridge units. Compared to the reference HTM (termed Py-C), the extension of the planar conjugation backbone endows Py-DB with typical intermolecular π-π stacking interactions and excellent solubility, resulting in improved hole mobility and film morphology. In addition, the lower HOMO energy level of the Py-DB HTM provides efficient hole extraction with reduced energy loss at the perovskite/HTM interface. Consequently, an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.33 % was achieved for dopant-free Py-DB-based PSCs, which is the highest PCE for dopant-free small molecular HTMs in n-i-p configured PSCs. The dopant-free Py-DB-based device also exhibits improved long-term stability, retaining over 90 % of its initial efficiency after 1000 h exposure to 25 % humidity at 60 °C. These findings provide valuable insights and approaches for the further development of dopant-free HTMs for efficient and reliable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xuepeng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei Tirani
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bin Ding
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jianlin Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ghadari Rahim
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Mingyuan Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Hongyang Quan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Botong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Weilun Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Keith G Brooks
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Songyuan Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhaofu Fei
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paul J Dyson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yong Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Abu El-Asrar AM, AlBloushi AF, Alzubaidi A, Gikandi PW, Stefánsson E. Pretreatment ocular blood flow and retinal oxygen metabolism in the acute uveitic phase is associated with final outcome in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. Acta Ophthalmol 2024. [PMID: 38470990 DOI: 10.1111/aos.16669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association between pretreatment blood flow velocity in the choroid and optic nerve head (ONH) and retinal oxygen metabolism in the acute uveitic phase and the development of 'sunset glow fundus' in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. METHODS Retrospective analysis of 41 patients (82 eyes). Laser speckle flowgraphy and retinal oximetry measurements were performed at the presentation. The main outcome measure was the development of 'sunset glow fundus'. RESULTS Twenty patients (40 eyes) presented in the phase preceding anterior segment inflammation (early presentation), and 21 patients (42 eyes) presented with anterior segment inflammation (late presentation). In ONH, mean blur rate (MBR)-vessel, representing blood flow velocity in retinal vessels, was significantly lower in the late presentation group, while choroidal MBR was not significantly different. The late presentation group had significantly lower oxygen saturation in retinal venules, a higher arteriovenous oxygen saturation difference and a smaller calibre of retinal arterioles compared with the early presentation group. Eyes that subsequently developed 'sunset glow fundus' had significantly lower ONH MBR-vessels, lower oxygen saturation in retinal venules, a higher arteriovenous oxygen saturation difference and a smaller calibre of retinal arterioles compared with eyes without 'sunset glow fundus'. ONH MBR-vessel had a significant negative correlation with arteriovenous oxygen saturation difference and a significant positive correlation with calibre of retinal arterioles. CONCLUSIONS In the acute uveitic phase of VKH disease, the development of 'sunset glow fundus' is associated with pretreatment reduced retinal blood flow velocity, calibre of retinal arterioles and oxygen saturation in retinal venules, as well as an increased arteriovenous oxygen saturation difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Abu El-Asrar
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Dr. Nasser Al-Rashid Research Chair in Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman F AlBloushi
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alzubaidi
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Priscilla W Gikandi
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Einar Stefánsson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Physiology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Al-Hussaini A, Troncone R, Alobaid S, Bashir MS. Status of vitamins and minerals in children with screening-identified celiac disease: A case-control study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2024; 78:677-684. [PMID: 38504391 DOI: 10.1002/jpn3.12126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Micronutrient deficiencies characterize classical "late-diagnosed" celiac disease (CeD). This study aimed to identify the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies among children with "early-diagnosed" screening-identified CeD to determine the clinical value of routine testing for deficiencies in those patients. METHODS A case-control study was conducted on screening-identified CeD patients diagnosed during a mass screening study (84 patients, mean age 11.3 ± 2.6 years). The controls (443 children, mean age 10.8 ± 2.5 years) were negative for celiac disease serological screening. Hemoglobin, serum levels of iron, ferritin, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin A, vitamin E, 25-OH vitamin D, zinc, and selenium were measured. RESULTS The mean serum levels of hemoglobin, iron, ferritin, vitamin D, zinc, copper, and selenium were significantly lower in CeD patients than in healthy controls (hemoglobin 12.56 vs. 13.02 g/dL [p = 0.04]; iron 10.61 vs. 17.6 µmol/L [p < 0.001], ferritin 25.7 vs. 48.3 µg/L [p < 0.001], vitamin D 29.1 vs. 37.5 nmol/L, zinc 11.9 vs. 21.7 µmol/L, copper 18.9 vs. 32.5 µmol/L, selenium 1.04 vs. 1.36 µmol/L; p < 0.001). Patients with celiac and severe intestinal damage (Marsh IIIb and IIIc) had significantly lower serum ferritin and vitamin A levels than patients with mild intestinal damage (Marsh II and IIIa) (ferritin 15 vs. 22 µg/L, p < 0.025; vitamin A 0.85 vs. 1.35 µmol/L, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION Micronutrient deficiencies are still detectable in "early-diagnosed" screening-identified CeD cases, a clinically relevant result that strongly supports efforts for screening and early diagnosis of CeD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Al-Hussaini
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children's Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince Abdullah bin Khalid Celiac Disease Research Chair, King Saud University
| | - Riccardo Troncone
- Department of Medical Translational Sciences & European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food-Induced Diseases, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Suzan Alobaid
- Department of Nutrition, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammed Salman Bashir
- Department of Biostatistics, Research Services Adminsitration, Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ahmad F, Sudesh R, Ahmed AT, Haque S. Roles of HOTAIR Long Non-coding RNA in Gliomas and Other CNS Disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024; 44:23. [PMID: 38366205 PMCID: PMC10873238 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-024-01455-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) which is increasingly being perceived as a tremendous molecular mediator of brain pathophysiology at multiple levels. Epigenetic regulation of target gene expression carried out by HOTAIR is thorough modulation of chromatin modifiers; histone methyltransferase polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and histone demethylase lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1). Incidentally, HOTAIR was the first lncRNA shown to elicit sponging of specific microRNA (miRNA or miR) species in a trans-acting manner. It has been extensively studied in various cancers, including gliomas and is regarded as a prominent pro-tumorigenic and pro-oncogenic lncRNA. Indeed, the expression of HOTAIR may serve as glioma grade predictor and prognostic biomarker. The objective of this timely review is not only to outline the multifaceted pathogenic roles of HOTAIR in the development and pathophysiology of gliomas and brain cancers, but also to delineate the research findings implicating it as a critical regulator of overall brain pathophysiology. While the major focus is on neuro-oncology, wherein HOTAIR represents a particularly potent underlying pathogenic player and a suitable therapeutic target, mechanisms underlying the regulatory actions of HOTAIR in neurodegeneration, traumatic, hypoxic and ischemic brain injuries, and neuropsychiatric disorders are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, India.
| | - Ravi Sudesh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, India
| | - A Toufeeq Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, 13306, United Arab Emirates
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AlJameel AH, Talakey AA, AlFarhan G, Qadoumi M, AlNowaiser N, AlShibani Y, AlMalki S. Perceived stress among dental students and the role of parental influence in career decision-making. J Dent Educ 2024. [PMID: 38348920 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to assess perceived stress levels among dental students at Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to explore the influence of parental roles in their decision to pursue dentistry as a potential source of social stress. METHODS This cross-sectional study employed the validated Dental Environmental Stress (DES) Scale to evaluate perceived stress, and incorporated additional questions to fulfill the research aim. We approached all undergraduate dental students at King Saud University, both male and female, across all academic years, using online channels (such as emails, WhatsApp, Twitter, etc.) and hard copy distribution. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 20, utilizing descriptive and correlation statistics. RESULTS A total of 326 students participated in the study, with an even distribution of male and female students. Female students reported higher levels of stress compared to their male counterparts across most DES domains. A notable correlation emerged between mean DES scores in certain domains and influence of parents in the decision to pursue dentistry. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that female dental students experience higher stress levels than males in all examined areas, barring social stressors. Furthermore, the study underscores the significant impact of parental involvement in choosing dentistry as a career on students' stress level.
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Affiliation(s)
- AlBandary H AlJameel
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa A Talakey
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Majd Qadoumi
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah AlNowaiser
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara AlShibani
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan AlMalki
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin AbdulAziz, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Elamshity MG, Alhamdan AM. Non-Destructive Evaluation of the Physiochemical Properties of Milk Drink Flavored with Date Syrup Utilizing VIS-NIR Spectroscopy and ANN Analysis. Foods 2024; 13:524. [PMID: 38397501 PMCID: PMC10888200 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A milk drink flavored with date syrup produced at a lab scale level was evaluated. The production process of date syrup involves a sequence of essential unit operations, commencing with the extraction, filtration, and concentration processes from two cultivars: Sukkary and Khlass. Date syrup was then mixed with cow's and camel's milk at four percentages to form a nutritious, natural, sweet, and energy-rich milk drink. The sensory, physical, and chemical characteristics of the milk drinks flavored with date syrup were examined. The objective of this work was to measure the physiochemical properties of date fruits and milk drinks flavored with date syrup, and then to evaluate the physical properties of milk drinks utilizing non-destructive visible-near-infrared spectra (VIS-NIR). The study assessed the characteristics of the milk drink enhanced with date syrup by employing VIS-NIR spectra and utilizing a partial least-square regression (PLSR) and artificial neural network (ANN) analysis. The VIS-NIR spectra proved to be highly effective in estimating the physiochemical attributes of the flavored milk drink. The ANN model outperformed the PLSR model in this context. RMSECV is considered a more reliable indicator of a model's future predictive performance compared to RMSEC, and the R2 value ranged between 0.946 and 0.989. Consequently, non-destructive VIS-NIR technology demonstrates significant promise for accurately predicting and contributing to the entire production process of the product's properties examined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdullah M. Alhamdan
- Chair of Dates Industry & Technology, Agricultural Engineering Department, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Elmongy EI, Alanazi WS, Aldawsari AI, Alfaouri AA, Binsuwaidan R. Antimicrobial Evaluation of Sulfonamides after Coupling with Thienopyrimidine Coplanar Structure. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:188. [PMID: 38399403 PMCID: PMC10892651 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This work describes the design and synthesis of three series of hybrids of thienopyrimidines and sulfonamides. Dihydrofolate reductase enzyme was selected as a target for the in-silico screening of the synthesized thienopyrimidine-sulfonamide hybrid as an antibacterial, while squalene epoxidase was selected as an antifungal target protein. All screened compounds showed promising binding affinity ranges, with perfect fitting not exceeding 1.9 Å. The synthesized compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity using agar well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration tests against six bacterial strains in addition to two Candida strains. Compounds 8iii and 12ii showed varying degrees of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacterial strains, whereas the best antifungal activity against Candida was displayed by compound 8iii. Compound 12ii, the cyclohexathienopyrimidine coupled with sulfadiazine at position 3, has the best antibacterial activity, which is consistent with molecular docking results at the active site of the oxidoreductase protein. Interestingly, compound 12ii also has the highest docking binding energy at the antifungal squalene epoxidase active site. Investigating the physicochemical properties of the synthesized hybrids revealed their high tolerability with cell membranes, and moderate to poor oral bioavailability, and that all are drug-like candidates, among which 4i, the cyclohexathieno[2,3-d] pyrimidine core with sulphaguanidine incorporated at position 4, recorded the best score (1.58).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elshaymaa I. Elmongy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo P.O. Box 11795, Egypt;
| | - Wejdan S. Alanazi
- College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.A.); (A.I.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Alhanouf I. Aldawsari
- College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.A.); (A.I.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Asma A. Alfaouri
- College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.A.); (A.I.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Reem Binsuwaidan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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Dailah HG. The Influence of Nurse-Led Interventions on Diseases Management in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:352. [PMID: 38338237 PMCID: PMC10855413 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12030352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of people with diabetes mellitus (PWD) is rapidly increasing. Nurses can provide diabetes care for PWD in several areas. Interventions led by nurses can support PWD for effective management of diabetes, which can positively improve clinical outcomes. Nurse-led diabetes self-management education (DSME) is an effective strategy to manage diabetes mellitus (DM) since it improves self-care practice and knowledge regarding diabetes. PWD often need to stay in hospitals longer, which involves poorer patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes. Nurse-led clinics for DM management are a new strategy to possibly ameliorate the disease management. Diabetes specialist nurses can play an important role in improving diabetes care in inpatient settings. Various studies have revealed that nurses can independently provide care to PWD in collaboration with various other healthcare providers. Studies also demonstrated that the nurse-led education-receiving group showed a significantly reduced level of average glycosylated haemoglobin A1c level. Moreover, nurse-led interventions often result in significant improvements in diabetes knowledge, psychological outcomes, self-management behaviours, and physiological outcomes. The purpose of this literature review was to identify the impact of nurse-led interventions on diabetes management. Moreover, in this review, a number of nursing interventions and the nurses' roles as educators, motivators as well as caregivers in DM management have been extensively discussed. This article also summarises the outcomes that are measured to evaluate the impact of nursing interventions and the strategies to overcome the existing and emerging challenges for nurses in diabetes care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Ghaleb Dailah
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Anis A, Alhamidi A, Bashir Z, Alam MA, Al-Zahrani SM. Mouldable Conductive Plastic with Optimised Mechanical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:311. [PMID: 38337199 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper investigates making an injection mouldable conductive plastic formulation that aims for conductivity into the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding range, with good mechanical properties (i.e., stiffness, strength, and impact resistance). While conductivity in the range (electrostatic charge dissipation) and EMI shielding have been attained by incorporating conductive fillers such as carbon black, metals powders, and new materials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), this often occurs with a drop in tensile strength, elongation-to-break resistance, and impact resistance. It is most often the case that the incorporation of high modulus fillers leads to an increase in modulus but a drop in strength and impact resistance. In this work, we have used short carbon fibres as the conductive filler and selected a 50/50 PBT/rPET (recycled PET) for the plastic matrix. Carbon fibres are cheaper than CNTs and graphenes. The PBT/rPET has low melt viscosity and crystallises sufficiently fast during injection moulding. To improve impact resistance, a styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene (SEBS) rubber toughening agent was added to the plastic. The PBT/rPET had very low-impact resistance and the SEBS provided rubber toughening to it; however, the rubber caused a drop in the tensile modulus and strength. The short carbon fibre restored the modulus and strength, which reached higher value than the PBT/rPET while providing the conductivity. Scanning electron microscope pictures showed quite good bonding of the current filler (CF) to the PBT/rPET. An injection mouldable conductive plastic with high conductivity and raised modulus, strength, and impact resistance could be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arfat Anis
- SABIC Polymer Research Center (SPRC), Chemical Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alhamidi
- SABIC Polymer Research Center (SPRC), Chemical Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahir Bashir
- Catenated Carbon Consultancy Ltd., 192 Wake Green Road, Birmingham B13 9QE, UK
| | - Mohammad Asif Alam
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M Al-Zahrani
- SABIC Polymer Research Center (SPRC), Chemical Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
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Bajaber AN, Elrggal M, Organji WF, Sulaimani MA, Refai RM, Alsaedi A, Alzamzami SH, Hawsawi FB, Alnefaie ST, Alsulaimani AA, Alharbi A, Alnuhait M, Alshammari AS, Aldarhami A, Sharaf SE. Evaluating Adherence to Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Guidelines for Gentamicin in Neonatal Care: A Retrospective Study at the Maternity and Children's Hospital in Makkah. Children (Basel) 2024; 11:100. [PMID: 38255413 PMCID: PMC10814964 DOI: 10.3390/children11010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we assess healthcare providers' adherence to therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) guidelines for gentamicin in neonates. Conducted at the Maternity and Children's Hospital in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, from July 2020 to July 2022, it retrospectively analyzed the compliance of healthcare workers in managing neonates treated with gentamicin. Covering 410 neonates, primarily diagnosed with respiratory distress (56%) and sepsis (32%), the study revealed that while a majority of trough and peak levels conformed to guidelines, substantial deviations were noted in cases of respiratory distress. This underlines the necessity for targeted TDM strategies, particularly in managing respiratory distress in neonates, to ensure optimal treatment efficacy and safety. The findings urge stringent compliance with TDM guidelines, emphasizing personalized approaches in neonatal gentamicin therapy for improved healthcare outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Najeh Bajaber
- Maternity and Children Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah 24246, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.B.); (W.F.O.); (M.A.S.); (R.M.R.); (A.A.); (S.H.A.); (F.B.H.); (S.T.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Mahmoud Elrggal
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al Qunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajdi F. Organji
- Maternity and Children Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah 24246, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.B.); (W.F.O.); (M.A.S.); (R.M.R.); (A.A.); (S.H.A.); (F.B.H.); (S.T.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Mohammad Adil Sulaimani
- Maternity and Children Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah 24246, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.B.); (W.F.O.); (M.A.S.); (R.M.R.); (A.A.); (S.H.A.); (F.B.H.); (S.T.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Raed Mohammed Refai
- Maternity and Children Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah 24246, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.B.); (W.F.O.); (M.A.S.); (R.M.R.); (A.A.); (S.H.A.); (F.B.H.); (S.T.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Ashraf Alsaedi
- Maternity and Children Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah 24246, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.B.); (W.F.O.); (M.A.S.); (R.M.R.); (A.A.); (S.H.A.); (F.B.H.); (S.T.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Salwa Hashim Alzamzami
- Maternity and Children Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah 24246, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.B.); (W.F.O.); (M.A.S.); (R.M.R.); (A.A.); (S.H.A.); (F.B.H.); (S.T.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Fatimah Bakor Hawsawi
- Maternity and Children Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah 24246, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.B.); (W.F.O.); (M.A.S.); (R.M.R.); (A.A.); (S.H.A.); (F.B.H.); (S.T.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Saud Tanadhub Alnefaie
- Maternity and Children Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah 24246, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.B.); (W.F.O.); (M.A.S.); (R.M.R.); (A.A.); (S.H.A.); (F.B.H.); (S.T.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Azhar Ali Alsulaimani
- Maternity and Children Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah 24246, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.B.); (W.F.O.); (M.A.S.); (R.M.R.); (A.A.); (S.H.A.); (F.B.H.); (S.T.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Adnan Alharbi
- Pharmaceutical Practices Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Mohammed Alnuhait
- Pharmaceutical Practices Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Abdullah S. Alshammari
- Pharmaceutical Practices Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Abdu Aldarhami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al Qunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21961, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sharaf E. Sharaf
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia;
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14
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Abd El-Kafy EM, Alayat MS, Alwhaibi RM, Basuodan RM. Spiral strapping for improving upper extremity motor functions in individuals with stroke: A randomized controlled trial. Prosthet Orthot Int 2024:00006479-990000000-00208. [PMID: 38170804 DOI: 10.1097/pxr.0000000000000325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rehabilitation process for the upper extremities of individuals with stroke requires therapists to use splints for supportive and corrective purposes. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of spiral strapping in inhibiting spasticity and improving the upper extremity motor functions of individuals with chronic stroke. METHODS Forty Saudi individuals aged 50-60 years with chronic stroke participated in this study. Their degrees of spasticity according to the Modified Ashworth Scale ranged across grades 1, 1+, and 2. Participants were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Participants in both groups received 1 h of conventional physical therapy for 3 d/wk to improve the motor functions of their upper extremities. In addition, participants in the experimental group wore an upper-limb spiral strapping with a hand splint 10 h/d for 6 d/wk. The treatment program for both groups was delivered for 4 weeks. Changes in the scores of Action Research Arm Test for elbow joint spasticity, active range of motion of the shoulder, elbow, and forearm joints, and hand grip strength were evaluated before and after treatment in both groups. RESULTS Significant improvements in all measured variables after treatment were reported in both groups, except for elbow joint spasticity in the control group. The experimental group showed significant post-treatment improvement in the scores for all measured variables compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS Spiral strapping was beneficial in inhibiting mild degrees of spasticity and improving the motor functions of the upper extremities of stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab Mohamed Abd El-Kafy
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamad Salaheldien Alayat
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Reem M Alwhaibi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem M Basuodan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Saleh SR, Saleh OM, El-Bessoumy AA, Sheta E, Ghareeb DA, Eweda SM. The Therapeutic Potential of Two Egyptian Plant Extracts for Mitigating Dexamethasone-Induced Osteoporosis in Rats: Nrf2/HO-1 and RANK/RANKL/OPG Signals. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:66. [PMID: 38247490 PMCID: PMC10812806 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The prolonged use of exogenous glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone (Dex), is the most prevalent secondary cause of osteoporosis, known as glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO). The current study examined the preventative and synergistic effect of aqueous chicory extract (ACE) and ethanolic purslane extract (EPE) on GIO compared with Alendronate (ALN). The phytochemical contents, elemental analysis, antioxidant scavenging activity, and ACE and EPE combination index were evaluated. Rats were randomly divided into control, ACE, EPE, and ACE/EPE MIX groups (100 mg/kg orally), Dex group (received 1.5 mg Dex/kg, Sc), and four treated groups received ACE, EPE, ACE/EPE MIX, and ALN with Dex. The bone mineral density and content, bone index, growth, turnover, and oxidative stress were measured. The molecular analysis of RANK/RANKL/OPG and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways were also evaluated. Dex causes osteoporosis by increasing oxidative stress, decreasing antioxidant markers, reducing bone growth markers (OPG and OCN), and increasing bone turnover and resorption markers (NFATc1, RANKL, ACP, ALP, IL-6, and TNF-α). In contrast, ACE, EPE, and ACE/EPE MIX showed a prophylactic effect against Dex-induced osteoporosis by modulating the measured parameters and the histopathological architecture. In conclusion, ACE/EPE MIX exerts a powerful synergistic effect against GIO by a mode of action different from ALN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar R. Saleh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt; (O.M.S.); (A.A.E.-B.); (D.A.G.); (S.M.E.)
- Bio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt
| | - Omnia M. Saleh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt; (O.M.S.); (A.A.E.-B.); (D.A.G.); (S.M.E.)
- Bio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A. El-Bessoumy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt; (O.M.S.); (A.A.E.-B.); (D.A.G.); (S.M.E.)
| | - Eman Sheta
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt;
| | - Doaa A. Ghareeb
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt; (O.M.S.); (A.A.E.-B.); (D.A.G.); (S.M.E.)
- Bio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt
| | - Saber M. Eweda
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21515, Egypt; (O.M.S.); (A.A.E.-B.); (D.A.G.); (S.M.E.)
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Hussain Mana T, Alam J, Shukla AK, Alkhudhiri A, Mohammed AN, Alhoshan M. Performance investigation of poly(vinylidene fluoride-cohexafluoropropylene) membranes containing SiO 2 nanoparticles in a newly designed single vacuum membrane distillation system. Water Environ Res 2024; 96:e10980. [PMID: 38267391 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The current study focuses on the development of a superhydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride-cohexafluoropropylene) nanocomposite membrane suitable for vacuum membrane distillation by incorporating SiO2 nanoparticles. At loading hydrophobic nano-SiO2 particle concentration (0.50-1.50 wt.%), the developed nanocomposite membranes are optimized in terms of vacuum membrane distillation performance. The influence of temperature, vacuum pressure, and feed water flow is studied for desalinating high-salinity brine. The results show that the developed vacuum distillation membrane is capable of 95% salt rejection during the treatment of a highly saline feed (65,000 ppm) at fixed flow rates of 120 L/h saline feed and different operating conditions consisting of feed inlet temperatures ranging from 40°C to 70°C and distillate inlet temperatures of 7-15°C. The vacuum membrane distillation process achieves 0.38-1.66% water recovery with increasing concentration factor, meaning that recovery is increased, and shows a specific electrical energy consumption of 5.16-23.90 kWh/m3 for product water. Overall, the newly designed membrane demonstrates suitability for a vacuum membrane distillation system. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Desalinate high-salinity brine (TDS > 35,000 ppm) using a vacuum membrane distillation system. A hydrophobic PVDF-HFP/SiO2 nanocomposite membrane development for vacuum membrane distillation. A newly designed single vacuum membrane distillation system for RO brine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turki Hussain Mana
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Desalination Technologies Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Alam
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arun Kumar Shukla
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alkhudhiri
- Desalination Technologies Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Najib Mohammed
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Alhoshan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Tobaigy MF, Abouammoh MA, AlBloushi AF, Saifaldein AA, Gikandi P, Almousa AN, Herbort CP, El-Asrar AA. Prognostic value of pretreatment indocyanine green angiography in the acute uveitic phase of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. Acta Ophthalmol 2023. [PMID: 38131519 DOI: 10.1111/aos.16613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the prognostic value of pretreatment indocyanine green angiographic (ICGA) features in initial-onset acute uveitis associated with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. METHODS Retrospective analysis of 84 patients (168 eyes). Main outcome measures were final visual acuity, development of 'sunset glow fundus' (SGF) and progression to chronic recurrent evolution. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients (76 eyes) presented in the phase preceding anterior segment (AS) inflammation (early presentation) and 46 patients (92 eyes) had AS inflammation at presentation (late presentation). The mean number of hypofluorescent dark dots (HDDs) and frequency of disc hyperfluorescence were more in the late presentation group (p < 0.001 for both comparisons), whereas the early presentation group showed higher frequencies of peripapillary punctate choroidal hyperfluorescence (p < 0.001) and hypofluorescent patches involving macula corresponding to the areas of exudative retinal detachment (p = 0.012). The mean number of HDDs and the frequency of disc hyperfluorescence were higher among eyes that developed SGF (p < 0.001 for both comparisons) and eyes that progressed to chronic recurrent evolution (p < 0.001; p = 0.001, respectively). The frequencies of peripapillary punctate choroidal hyperfluorescence and hypofluorescent patches corresponding to the areas of exudative retinal detachment were less in the eyes that developed SGF (p = 0.019; p = 0.003, respectively). Punctate choroidal hyperfluorescence elsewhere was less frequent in the eyes that developed SGF (p < 0.001) and eyes that progressed to chronic recurrent evolution (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment ICGA has a prognostic value in initial-onset acute uveitis associated with VKH disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohannad F Tobaigy
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan A Abouammoh
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman F AlBloushi
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Ameen Saifaldein
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Priscilla Gikandi
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah N Almousa
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carl P Herbort
- Infammatory and Retinal Eye Diseases, Center for Ophthalmic Specialised Care (COS), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ahmed Abu El-Asrar
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Dr. Nasser Al-Rashid Research Chair in Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Almufareh MF, Tariq N, Humayun M, Almas B. A Federated Learning Approach to Breast Cancer Prediction in a Collaborative Learning Framework. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:3185. [PMID: 38132075 PMCID: PMC10743267 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11243185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer continues to pose a substantial worldwide public health concern, necessitating the use of sophisticated diagnostic methods to enable timely identification and management. The present research utilizes an iterative methodology for collaborative learning, using Deep Neural Networks (DNN) to construct a breast cancer detection model with a high level of accuracy. By leveraging Federated Learning (FL), this collaborative framework effectively utilizes the combined knowledge and data assets of several healthcare organizations while ensuring the protection of patient privacy and data security. The model described in this study showcases significant progress in the field of breast cancer diagnoses, with a maximum accuracy rate of 97.54%, precision of 96.5%, and recall of 98.0%, by using an optimum feature selection technique. Data augmentation approaches play a crucial role in decreasing loss and improving model performance. Significantly, the F1-Score, a comprehensive metric for evaluating performance, turns out to be 97%. This study signifies a notable advancement in the field of breast cancer screening, fostering hope for improved patient outcomes via increased accuracy and reliability. This study highlights the potential impact of collaborative learning, namely, in the field of FL, in transforming breast cancer detection. The incorporation of privacy considerations and the use of diverse data sources contribute to the advancement of early detection and the treatment of breast cancer, hence yielding significant benefits for patients on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Fahaad Almufareh
- Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Al Jouf 72311, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Noshina Tariq
- Department of Avionics Engineering, Air University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Mamoona Humayun
- Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Al Jouf 72311, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bushra Almas
- Institute of Information Technology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
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19
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Abulmeaty MMA, Ghneim HK, Almajwal AM, Razak S, AlSahli AS, Andrade Laborde JE, Ibrahim EM, Aboul-Soud MAM, Al-Sheikh YA. Effects of unpredictable chronic mild stress on the cellular redox state and mitochondrial energy homeostasis in rat adipose tissue: A comprehensive metabolic study. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1330-1342. [PMID: 37805950 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) leads to variable metabolic effects. Oxidative stress (OS) of adipose tissue (AT) and mitochondrial energy homeostasis is little investigated. This work studied the effects of UCMS on OS and the antioxidant/redox status in AT and mitochondrial energy homeostasis in rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats (180-220 g) were divided into two equal groups; the normal control (NC) group and the UCMS group which were exposed to various stresses for 28 days. An indirect calorimetry machine was used to measure volumes of respiratory gases (VO2 & VCO2 ), total energy expenditure (TEE), and food intake (FI). The AT depots were collected, weighed, and used for measuring activities and gene expression of key antioxidant enzymes (GPx1, SOD, CAT, GR, GCL, and GS), OS marker levels including superoxide anion (SA), peroxynitrite radical (PON), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), lipid peroxides (LPO), t-protein carbonyl content (PCC), and reduced/oxidized glutathione levels (GSH, GSSG). Additionally, AT mitochondrial fractions were used to determine the activities of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle enzymes (CS, α-KGDH, ICDH, SDH, MDH), respiratory chain complexes I-III, II-III, IV, the nicotinamide coenzymes NAD+ , NADH, and ATP/ADP levels. Compared with the NC group, the UCMS group showed very significantly increased OS marker levels, lowered antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression, as well as lowered TCA cycle and respiratory chain activity and NAD+ , NADH, and ATP levels (p < .001 for all comparisons). Besides, the UCMS group had lowered TEE and insignificant FI and weight gain. In conclusion, AT of the UCMS-subjected rats showed a state of disturbed redox balance linked to disrupted energy homeostasis producing augmentation of AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M A Abulmeaty
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem K Ghneim
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Madi Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz S AlSahli
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Juan E Andrade Laborde
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ebtesam M Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mourad A M Aboul-Soud
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yazeed A Al-Sheikh
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Al-Odayni AB, Alnehia A, Al-Sharabi A, Al-Hammadi AH, Saeed WS, Abduh NAY. Biofabrication of Mg-doped ZnO nanostructures for hemolysis and antibacterial properties. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1817-1824. [PMID: 37878183 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02937-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to synthesize 0.02 and 0.06 Mg-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) using the aqueous extract of Plectranthus barbatus leaf. The structural integrity of the hexagonal phase was emphasized by X-ray diffraction analysis. The average crystallite size (D) of 0.02 and 0.06 Mg-doped ZnO NPs was found to be 23.83 and 26.95 nm, respectively. The scanning electron microscope images revealed a surface morphology of irregular nano-shapes of about 83 nm diameter with an elongated one-dimensional structure. The hemolysis activity demonstrated the safe nature of the synthesized materials at low doses. Antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, which assessed using the disc diffusion method, indicated that the prepared NPs could inhibit S. aureus but not E. coli. These findings suggest that the synthesized NPs could be explored for potential applications in biotechnology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, 11545, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Alnehia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Thamar University, 87246, Dhamar, Yemen.
| | - Annas Al-Sharabi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Thamar University, 87246, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - A H Al-Hammadi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Waseem Sharaf Saeed
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, 11545, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naaser A Y Abduh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Doumi R, Khaytan S, Alobaidan AS, Alqahtany BM, Aldosari NM, Almutairi AA, Alanazi AA, Fayed A. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of E-Cigarettes of Adolescents and Adults in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2998. [PMID: 37998490 PMCID: PMC10671544 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11222998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
E-cigarettes have gained enormous popularity, and their use has increased drastically worldwide. However, little is known regarding adolescents' and adults' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in Saudi Arabia. We conducted a cross-sectional study using a self-administered online-modified WHO GATS questionnaire on a convenience sample approach. Data were collected between January and March 2021 after the alleviation of COVID-19 lockdown measures in Saudi Arabia. Univariate and multivariate regression models were developed to identify independent factors associated with knowledge, attitude, and practice. Our sample (1335) had a mean age of 26.45 ± 10.5 years; nearly half of the participants had poor knowledge about e-cigarettes. The usage and positive attitude were reported by 18.6% and 19.4%, respectively. Around 43.5% of e-cigarette users reported starting or increased use during the COVID-19 pandemic, while 9.5% of participants would recommend it to others. Logistic regressions showed that older participants were more likely to have poor knowledge (OR = 1.02, 95% C.I. = 1.01-1.03) and positive attitudes (OR = 0.98, 95% C.I. = 0.91-0.96). Male participants and smokers (OR = 3.0, 95% C.I. = 2.3-3.8) were more likely to have a positive attitude. However, younger participants were less likely to go for e-cigarettes (OR = 0.95, 95% C.I. = 0.93-0.97), while males (OR = 2.53, 95% C.I. = 1.65-3.86) and smokers (OR = 4.63, 95% C.I. = 3.47-6.18) were more likely to use them. This study indicated a high level of poor knowledge about e-cigarettes. A considerable proportion of participants reported usage and a positive attitude towards them. Older age, male gender, and being a smoker were the main elicited predictors for e-cigarette use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Doumi
- College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (S.K.); (A.S.A.); (B.M.A.); (N.M.A.); (A.A.A.); (A.A.A.); (A.F.)
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22
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Al-Odayni AB, Al-Kahtani HM, Sharaf Saeed W, Al-Kahtani A, Aouak T, Khan R, De Vera MAT, Alrahlah A. Physical-Chemical and Microhardness Properties of Model Dental Composites Containing 1,2-Bismethacrylate-3-eugenyl Propane Monomer. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:511. [PMID: 37999152 PMCID: PMC10669855 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8070511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A new eugenyl dimethacrylated monomer (symbolled BisMEP) has recently been synthesized. It showed promising viscosity and polymerizability as resin for dental composite. As a new monomer, BisMEP must be assessed further; thus, various physical, chemical, and mechanical properties have to be investigated. In this work, the aim was to investigate the potential use of BisMEP in place of the BisGMA matrix of resin-based composites (RBCs), totally or partially. Therefore, a list of model composites (CEa0, CEa25, CEa50, and CEa100) were prepared, which made up of 66 wt% synthesized silica fillers and 34 wt% organic matrices (BisGMA and TEGDMA; 1:1 wt/wt), while the novel BisMEP monomer has replaced the BisGMA content as 0.0, 25, 50, and 100 wt%, respectively. The RBCs were analyzed for their degree of conversion (DC)-based depth of cure at 1 and 2 mm thickness (DC1 and DC2), Vickers hardness (HV), water uptake (WSP), and water solubility (WSL) properties. Data were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS v21, and the significance level was taken as p < 0.05. The results revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the DC at 1 and 2 mm depth for the same composite. No significant differences in the DC between CEa0, CEa25, and CEa50; however, the difference becomes substantial (p < 0.05) with CEa100, suggesting possible incorporation of BisMEP at low dosage. Furthermore, DC1 for CEa0-CEa50 and DC2 for CEa0-CEa25 were found to be above the proposed minimum limit DC of 55%. Statistical analysis of the HV data showed no significant difference between CEa0, CEa25, and CEa50, while the difference became statistically significant after totally replacing BisGMA with BisMEP (CEa100). Notably, no significant differences in the WSP of various composites were detected. Likewise, WSL tests revealed no significant differences between such composites. These results suggest the possible usage of BisMEP in a mixture with BisGMA with no significant adverse effect on the DC, HV, WSP, and degradation (WSL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Waseem Sharaf Saeed
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Al-Kahtani
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taieb Aouak
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawaiz Khan
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali Alrahlah
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
- Restorative Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Mumena WA, Owaidhah LH, Alsaadi RA, Aljuhani NM, Almehmadi LS, Kutbi HA. Behaviors Related to Limiting Fat Intake among Young Adults in Saudi Arabia. Nutrients 2023; 15:4540. [PMID: 37960193 PMCID: PMC10649438 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Young adults tend to frequently consume foods that are high in fat. Efforts to limit the consumption of fat among the Saudi population have been initiated; however, data concerning current behaviors related to limiting fat intake are lacking. We aimed to explore behaviors related to limiting fat intake and to investigate the association with fat intake among young adults in Saudi Arabia. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 305 students aged ≥19 years were recruited from Taibah University, Madinah. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect data concerning sociodemographic status, behaviors related to limiting fat intake, and fat intake. The median score of behaviors related to limiting fat intake was significantly higher among females and supplement users compared to other groups. Healthy weight, overweight, and obese students reported a significantly higher score of behaviors related to limiting fat intake, compared to underweight students. Males who reported making an effort to limit the consumption of fatty foods consumed less total fat, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, and polyunsaturated fat, while those who reported reading the nutrition fact labels of food products consumed more polyunsaturated fat. Females who reported reading nutrition fact labels consumed less saturated fat. Efforts to limit fat intake have been noted especially among females; however, these efforts were not linked to fat intake among young adults in Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Abdullah Mumena
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, P.O. Box 344, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamar Haitham Owaidhah
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, P.O. Box 344, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruba Abdulrahman Alsaadi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, P.O. Box 344, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Mohammed Aljuhani
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, P.O. Box 344, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Sulaiman Almehmadi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, P.O. Box 344, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hebah Alawi Kutbi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80215, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
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24
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Alneamy AM. Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of an Electrostatically Actuated Clamped-Clamped Beam and Excited at the Primary and Secondary Resonances. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1972. [PMID: 37893409 PMCID: PMC10609359 DOI: 10.3390/mi14101972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
This work investigates the primary and secondary resonances of an electrostatically excited double-clamped microbeam and its feasibility to be used for sensing applications. The sensor design can be excited directly in the vicinity of the primary and secondary resonances. This excitation mechanism would portray certain nonlinear phenomena and it would certainly lead in increasing the sensitivity of the device. To achieve this, a nonlinear beam model describing transverse deflection based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory was utilized. Then, a reduced-order model (ROM) considering all geometric and electrical nonlinearities was derived. Three different techniques involving time domain, fast Fourier transforms (FFTs), and frequency domain (FRCs) were used to examine the appearance of subharmonic resonance of order of one-half under various excitation waveforms. The results show that higher forcing levels and lower damping are required to activate this resonance. We note that as the forcing increases, the size of the instability region grows fast and the size of the unstable region increases rapidly. This, in fact, is an ideal place for designing bifurcation inertia MEMS sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Alneamy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Sajid Ali M, Singh E, Muthukumaran J, Al-Lohedan HA. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Effect on the Binding of Plasma Protein with Antibiotic Drug Ceftazidime: Spectroscopic and In Silico Investigation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14811. [PMID: 37834259 PMCID: PMC10573175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The coexistence of ceftazidime, which is a popular third-generation of cephalosporin antibiotic, with ubiquitous paracetamol or acetaminophen, is very likely because the latter is given to the patients to reduce fever due to bacterial infection along with an antibiotic such as the former. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the detailed binding of ceftazidime with plasma protein, human serum albumin (HSA), in the absence and presence of paracetamol using spectroscopic techniques such as fluorescence, UV-visible, and circular dichroism, along with in silico methods such as molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and MM/PBSA-based binding free energy analysis. The basic idea of the interaction was attained by using UV-visible spectroscopy. Further, fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that there was a fair interaction between ceftazidime and HSA, and the mechanism of the quenching was a dynamic one, i.e., the quenching constant increased with increasing temperature. The interaction was, primarily, reinforced by hydrophobic forces, which resulted in the partial unfolding of the protein. Low concentrations of paracetamol were ineffective in affecting the binding of ceftazidime with has; although, a decrease in the quenching and binding constants was observed in the presence of high concentrations of the former. Competitive binding site experiments using warfarin and ibuprofen as site markers revealed that ceftazidime neither binds at drug site 1 or at drug site 2, articulating another binding site, which was confirmed by molecular docking simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Sajid Ali
- Surfactant Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ekampreet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; (E.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Jayaraman Muthukumaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; (E.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Hamad A. Al-Lohedan
- Surfactant Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Alarjani KM, Yehia HM, Badr AN, Ali HS, Al-Masoud AH, Alhaqbani SM, Alkhatib SA, Rady AM. Anti-MRSA and Biological Activities of Propolis Concentrations Loaded to Chitosan Nanoemulsion for Pharmaceutics Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2386. [PMID: 37896146 PMCID: PMC10610434 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a naturally occurring substance with beneficial properties; bees produce it from various plant sources, and it is an anti-inflammatory and therapeutic resinous substance. This study aimed to enhance the biological features of propolis extract by loading it onto active film. Firstly, extraction was performed using three solvent systems, and their total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity was measured. Propolis ethanol extract (EEP) was evaluated for phenolic fraction content and then chosen to prepare a chitosan-loaded emulsion with several concentrations. The antibacterial, anti-mycotic, and anti-mycotoxigenic properties of the extract and nanoemulsion were assessed. PPE's cytotoxicity and nanoemulsion were evaluated using brine shrimp and cell line assays. Results indicate higher phenolic (322.57 ± 4.28 mg GAE/g DW), flavonoid (257.64 ± 5.27 mg QE/g DW), and antioxidant activity of the EEP. The phenolic fraction is distinguished by 18 phenolic acids with high p-hydroxybenzoic content (171.75 ± 1.64 µg/g) and 12 flavonoid compounds with high pinocembrin and quercetin content (695.91 ± 1.76 and 532.35 ± 1.88 µg/g, respectively). Phenolic acid derivatives (3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,4-Dihydroxyphenol acetate, and di-methoxy cinnamic) are also found. Concentrations of 50, 100, 150, and 200 ng EEP loaded on chitosan nanoemulsion reflect significant antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and toxigenic fungi, particularly Fusarium. Among the four EEP-loaded concentrations, the nanoemulsion with 150 ng showed outstanding features. Using a simulated medium, 150 and 200 ng of EEP-loaded chitosan nanoemulsion concentrations can stop zearalenone production in Fusarium media with complete fungi inhibition. Also, it reduced aflatoxins production in Aspergillus media, with fungal inhibition (up to 47.18%). These results recommended the EEP-chitosan application for pharmaceutics and medical use as a comprehensive wound healing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaloud Mohammed Alarjani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Hany Mohamed Yehia
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed Noah Badr
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Hatem Salma Ali
- Food Technology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Abdulrahman Hamad Al-Masoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Sarah Mubark Alhaqbani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Shahad Ahmed Alkhatib
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Ahmed Moustafa Rady
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
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Ullah S, Ahmad T, Ikram M, Rasheed HM, Khan MI, Khan T, Alsahli TG, Alzarea SI, Althobaiti M, Shah AJ. 7-Hydroxy Frullanolide Ameliorates Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Injury through Modification of iNOS and Nrf2 Genes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2470. [PMID: 37760913 PMCID: PMC10526241 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the principal cause of premature death. Protecting myocardium from ischemia is the main focus of intense research. 7-hydroxy frullanolide (7-HF) is a potent anti-inflammatory agent, showing its efficacy in different acute and chronic inflammatory disorders such as atherosclerosis, suggesting it can be a potential cardioprotective agent. For the induction of MI, Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 5) were administered isoproterenol (ISO) 85 mg/kg s.c at 24 h intervals for two days. The potential cardioprotective effect of 7-HF and its mechanisms were explored by in vivo and in vitro methods. 7-HF significantly prevented the extent of myocardial injury by decreasing the infarct size, preserving the histology of myocardial tissue, and reducing the release of cardiac biomarkers. Further, 7-HF increased the mRNA expression of cardioprotective gene Nrf2 and reduced the mRNA expression of iNOS. 7-HF also improved cardiac function by decreasing the cardiac workload through its negative chronotropic and negative ionotropic effect, as well as by reducing peripheral vascular resistance due to the inhibition of voltage-dependent calcium channels and the release of calcium from intracellular calcium stores. In conclusion, 7-HF showed cardioprotective effects in the MI model, which might be due to modulating the expression of iNOS and Nrf2 genes as well as improving cardiac functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Ullah
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; (S.U.); (M.I.); (T.K.)
| | - Taseer Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, University Road, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan;
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; (S.U.); (M.I.); (T.K.)
| | | | | | - Taous Khan
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; (S.U.); (M.I.); (T.K.)
| | - Tariq G. Alsahli
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia; (T.G.A.); (S.I.A.)
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia; (T.G.A.); (S.I.A.)
| | - Musaad Althobaiti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdul Jabbar Shah
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; (S.U.); (M.I.); (T.K.)
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Amer HEA, AbdElgawad H, Madany MMY, Khalil AMA, Saleh AM. Soil Contamination with Europium Induces Reduced Oxidative Damage in Hordeum vulgare Grown in a CO 2-Enriched Environment. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3159. [PMID: 37687405 PMCID: PMC10490371 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The extensive and uncontrolled utilization of rare earth elements, like europium (Eu), could lead to their accumulation in soils and biota. Herein, we investigated the impact of Eu on the growth, photosynthesis, and redox homeostasis in barley and how that could be affected by the future CO2 climate (eCO2). The plants were exposed to 1.09 mmol Eu3+/kg soil under either ambient CO2 (420 ppm, aCO2) or eCO2 (620 ppm). The soil application of Eu induced its accumulation in the plant shoots and caused significant reductions in biomass- and photosynthesis-related parameters, i.e., chlorophyll content, photochemical efficiency of PSII, Rubisco activity, and photosynthesis rate. Further, Eu induced oxidative stress as indicated by higher levels of H2O2 and lipid peroxidation products, and lower ASC/DHA and GSH/GSSG ratios. Interestingly, the co-application of eCO2 significantly reduced the accumulation of Eu in plant tissues. Elevated CO2 reduced the Eu-induced oxidative damage by supporting the antioxidant defense mechanisms, i.e., ROS-scavenging molecules (carotenoids, flavonoids, and polyphenols), enzymes (CAT and peroxidases), and ASC-GSH recycling enzymes (MDHAR and GR). Further, eCO2 improved the metal detoxification capacity by upregulating GST activity. Overall, these results provide the first comprehensive report for Eu-induced oxidative phytotoxicity and how this could be mitigated by eCO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa E. A. Amer
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Cairo, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, B–2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
- Department of Botany and microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Y. Madany
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41411, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed M. A. Khalil
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, King Khalid Rd., Al Amoedi, Yanbu El-Bahr 46423, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed M. Saleh
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science at Yanbu, Taibah University, King Khalid Rd., Al Amoedi, Yanbu El-Bahr 46423, Saudi Arabia;
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29
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Bayazed M, Fakeeha AH, Ibrahim AA, Alanazi YM, Abasaeed AE, Khan WU, Abu‐Dahrieh JK, Al‐Fatesh AS. Methane Decomposition to Hydrogen Over Zirconia-Supported Fe Catalysts-Effects of the Modified Support. ChemistryOpen 2023; 12:e202300112. [PMID: 37688328 PMCID: PMC10491930 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Methane decomposition is a promising route to synthesize COx -free hydrogen and carbon nanomaterials (CNMs ). In this work, the impregnation method was employed for the preparation of the catalysts. Systematic investigations on the activity and stability of Fe-based catalysts were carried out in a packed-bed micro-activity reactor at 800 °C with a feed gas flow rate of 18 mL/min. The effect of doping Y2 O3 , MgO, SiO2 and TiO2 over ZrO2 on the catalytic performance was also studied. BET revealed that the specific surface areas and pore volumes are increased after SiO2 , TiO2 , and Y2 O3 are added to ZrO2 while MgO had a negative impact and hence a little decrease in specific surface area is observed. The catalytic activity results showed that the Fe-based catalyst supported over TiO2 -doped ZrO2 that is, Fe-TiZr, demonstrated the highest activity and stability, with a maximum methane conversion of 81.3 % during 180 min time-on-stream. At 800 °C, a maximum initial methane conversion of 73 %, 38 %, 64 %, and 69 % and a final carbon yield of 121 wt. %, 55 wt. %, 354 wt. %, and 174 wt. % was achieved using Fe-MgZr, Fe-SiZr, Fe-TiZr and Fe-YZr catalysts, respectively. Moreover, bulk deposition of uniform carbon nanotubes with a high degree of graphitization and different diameters was observed over the catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Bayazed
- Chemical Engineering DepartmentCollege of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O. Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia
| | - Anis H. Fakeeha
- Chemical Engineering DepartmentCollege of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O. Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Ibrahim
- Chemical Engineering DepartmentCollege of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O. Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef M. Alanazi
- Chemical Engineering DepartmentCollege of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O. Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E. Abasaeed
- Chemical Engineering DepartmentCollege of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O. Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasim U. Khan
- IRC Refining and Advanced ChemicalsResearch InstituteKing Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia
| | - Jehad K. Abu‐Dahrieh
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQueen's University BelfastBelfastBT9 5AGNorthern IrelandUK
| | - Ahmed S. Al‐Fatesh
- Chemical Engineering DepartmentCollege of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O. Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia
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Al-Daghri NM, Amer OE, Khattak MNK, Hussain SD, Alkhaldi G, Alfawaz HA, Elsaid MA, Sabico S. Attendance-Based Adherence and Outcomes of Obesity Management Program in Arab Adolescents. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1449. [PMID: 37761410 PMCID: PMC10529466 DOI: 10.3390/children10091449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric obesity has become a global pandemic in the last century, contributing to short and long-term medical conditions that heighten the risk of morbidity and mortality in children. The 12-month school-based obesity management educational program aims to assess the effect of adherence to the lifestyle educational program and target outcomes, obesity, and hypertension. A total of 363 (nonadherent, N = 179; adherent, N = 184) Saudi school adolescents aged 12-18 were recruited from 60 schools in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. Anthropometrics, lipid profile, and blood glucose were measured at baseline and post-intervention. The level of adherence was based on the number of attended educational sessions, and participants were grouped accordingly into two groups: adherent group (attended ≥ 3 sessions) and nonadherent group (attended 1-2 sessions) out of a total of five sessions. Results demonstrated that significantly more participants in the adherent group achieved the primary program goal of reducing obesity indices [body weight, body mass index (BMI), and BMI z-score] than the nonadherent group. Additionally, among adherent obese participants, BMI z-score significantly decreased after the 12-month intervention (post-intervention: 1.5 ± 0.7 vs. baseline: 1.7 ± 0.6, p < 0.05), while the trend in BMI z-score modestly increased in the nonadherent obese participants post-intervention (post-intervention: 1.8 ± 0.7 vs. baseline: 1.7 ± 0.6, p > 0.05). Moreover, there was a substantial reduction in hypertension prevalence only in the adherent group (p = 0.003) and among adherent obese participants in particular (p = 0.03). Furthermore, adherence to session attendance was higher in girls than boys, which led to better outcomes among girls than boys. For the secondary outcomes, lipid profile indices increased in both groups, while no changes were observed in the glycemic profile. In conclusion, greater adherence to educational sessions achieved modest but favorable weight changes and improved blood pressure among obese adolescents. Future intervention studies should take into consideration the need to improve attendance to enhance adherence to the program among adolescents at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.E.A.); (M.N.K.K.); (S.D.H.); (M.A.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Osama E. Amer
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.E.A.); (M.N.K.K.); (S.D.H.); (M.A.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Malak N. K. Khattak
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.E.A.); (M.N.K.K.); (S.D.H.); (M.A.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Syed D. Hussain
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.E.A.); (M.N.K.K.); (S.D.H.); (M.A.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Ghadah Alkhaldi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hanan A. Alfawaz
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed A. Elsaid
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.E.A.); (M.N.K.K.); (S.D.H.); (M.A.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Shaun Sabico
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.E.A.); (M.N.K.K.); (S.D.H.); (M.A.E.); (S.S.)
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Abdelaziz BB, Mustapha N, Bedja IM, Aldaghri O, Idriss H, Ibrahem M, Ibnaouf KH. Spectral Behavior of a Conjugated Polymer MDMO-PPV Doped with ZnO Nanoparticles: Thin Films. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2405. [PMID: 37686913 PMCID: PMC10490548 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the presented study is to examine the impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on the spectrum features of poly [2-methoxy-5-(3',7'-dimethyloctyloxy)-1, 4-phenylenevinylene] (MDMO-PPV). The characteristics of the MDMO-PPV and doped ZnO NPS samples were assessed using several techniques. A set of solutions of MDMO-PPV in toluene that were doped with different ratio percentages of ZnO NPs was prepared to obtain thin films. Pristine and composite solutions were spin-coated on glass substrates. It was observed that MDMO-PPV had two distinct absorbance bands at 310 and 500 nm in its absorption spectrum. The UV-Vis spectrum was dramatically changed when 5% of ZnO NPs were added. The result showed a significant reduction in absorption of the band 500 nm, while 310 nm absorption increased rapidly and became more pronounced. Upon adding (10%) ZnONPs to the sample, no noticeable change was observed in the 500 nm band. However, the 310 nm band shifted towards the blue region. There is a dominant peak in the PL spectrum of MDMO-PPV in its pristine form around 575 nm and a smaller hump around 600 nm of the spectrum. The spectral profile at 600 nm and the intensity of both bands are improved by raising the ZnO NP concentration. These bands feature two vibronic transitions identified as (0-0) and (0-1). When the dopant concentration increased to the maximum dopant percentage (10%), the energy band gap values increased by 0.21 eV compared to the pristine MDMO-PPV. In addition, the refractive index (n) decreased to its lowest value of 2.30 with the presence of concentrations of ZnO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boutheina Ben Abdelaziz
- Advanced Materials and Quantum Phenomena Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis El-Manar University, 2092 University Campus, Tunis 1006, Tunisia;
| | - Nazir Mustapha
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.); (H.I.); (M.I.)
| | - Idriss M. Bedja
- Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Osamah Aldaghri
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.); (H.I.); (M.I.)
| | - Hajo Idriss
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.); (H.I.); (M.I.)
| | - Moez Ibrahem
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.); (H.I.); (M.I.)
| | - Khalid H. Ibnaouf
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.); (H.I.); (M.I.)
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Alhartomi MA, Salh A, Audah L, Alzahrani S, Alzahmi A, Altimania MR, Alotaibi A, Alsulami R, Al-Hartomy O. Sustainable Resource Allocation and Reduce Latency Based on Federated-Learning-Enabled Digital Twin in IoT Devices. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:7262. [PMID: 37631798 PMCID: PMC10457920 DOI: 10.3390/s23167262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we utilize Digital Twins (DT) with edge networks using blockchain technology for reliable real-time data processing and provide a secure, scalable solution to bridge the gap between physical edge networks and digital systems. Then, we suggest a Federated Learning (FL) framework for collaborative computing that runs on a blockchain and is powered by the DT edge network. This framework increases data privacy while enhancing system security and reliability. The provision of sustainable Resource Allocation (RA) and ensure real-time data-processing interaction between Internet of Things (IoT) devices and edge servers depends on a balance between system latency and Energy Consumption (EC) based on the proposed DT-empowered Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep-RL) agent. The Deep-RL agent evaluates the performance action based on RA actions in DT to distribute its bandwidth resources to IoT devices based on iteration and the actions taken to generate the best policy and enhance learning efficiency at every step. The simulation results show that the proposed Deep-RL-agent-based DT is able to exploit the best policy, select 47.5% of computing activities that are to be carried out locally with 1 MHz bandwidth and minimize the weighted cost of the transmission policy of edge-computing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. Alhartomi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeeb Salh
- Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, University Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kampar 31900, Malaysia
| | - Lukman Audah
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat 86400, Malaysia
| | - Saeed Alzahrani
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alzahmi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad R. Altimania
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alotaibi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruwaybih Alsulami
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah, Mecca 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Al-Hartomy
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Ali A, Al-rimy BAS, Almazroi AA, Alsubaei FS, Almazroi AA, Saeed F. Securing Secrets in Cyber-Physical Systems: A Cutting-Edge Privacy Approach with Consortium Blockchain. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:7162. [PMID: 37631699 PMCID: PMC10458996 DOI: 10.3390/s23167162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
In the era of interconnected and intelligent cyber-physical systems, preserving privacy has become a paramount concern. This paper aims a groundbreaking proof-of-concept (PoC) design that leverages consortium blockchain technology to address privacy challenges in cyber-physical systems (CPSs). The proposed design introduces a novel approach to safeguarding sensitive information and ensuring data integrity while maintaining a high level of trust among stakeholders. By harnessing the power of consortium blockchain, the design establishes a decentralized and tamper-resistant framework for privacy preservation. However, ensuring the security and privacy of sensitive information within CPSs poses significant challenges. This paper proposes a cutting-edge privacy approach that leverages consortium blockchain technology to secure secrets in CPSs. Consortium blockchain, with its permissioned nature, provides a trusted framework for governing the network and validating transactions. By employing consortium blockchain, secrets in CPSs can be securely stored, shared, and accessed by authorized entities only, mitigating the risks of unauthorized access and data breaches. The proposed approach offers enhanced security, privacy preservation, increased trust and accountability, as well as interoperability and scalability. This paper aims to address the limitations of traditional security mechanisms in CPSs and harness the potential of consortium blockchain to revolutionize the management of secrets, contributing to the advancement of CPS security and privacy. The effectiveness of the design is demonstrated through extensive simulations and performance evaluations. The results indicate that the proposed approach offers significant advancements in privacy protection, paving the way for secure and trustworthy cyber-physical systems in various domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitizaz Ali
- School of IT, UNITAR International University, Petaling Jaya 47301, Malaysia;
| | - Bander Ali Saleh Al-rimy
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia;
| | - Abdulwahab Ali Almazroi
- Department of Information Technology, College of Computing and Information Technology at Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Faisal S. Alsubaei
- Department of Cybersecurity, College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaleem Ali Almazroi
- Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Faisal Saeed
- School of Computing and Digital Technology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7XG, UK;
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Kumari S, Alsaidan OA, Mohanty D, Zafar A, Das S, Gupta JK, Khalid M. Development of Soft Luliconazole Invasomes Gel for Effective Transdermal Delivery: Optimization to In-Vivo Antifungal Activity. Gels 2023; 9:626. [PMID: 37623081 PMCID: PMC10453308 DOI: 10.3390/gels9080626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Luliconazole (LZ) is a good candidate for the treatment of fungal infection topically but has limitations, i.e., poor solubility and poor permeability to skin. Due to these limitations, multiple administrations for a long time are required to treat the inflection. The aim of the present study was to develop the invasomes (IVS) gel of LZ to improve the topical antifungal activity. The IVS was prepared by the thin-film hydration method and optimized by Box-Bhekhen design software. The optimized LZIVS (LZIVSopt) has 139.1 ± 4.32 nm of vesicle size, 88.21 ± 0.82% of entrapment efficiency, 0.301 ± 0.012 of PDI, and 19.5 mV (negative) of zeta potential. Scanning microscopy showed a spherical shape of the vesicle. FTIR spectra showed there is no interaction between the drug and lipid. Thermogram showed that the LZ is encapsulated into the LZIVS matrix. LZIVSopt gel (LZIVSopt-G3) exhibited optimum viscosity (6493 ± 27 cps) and significant spreadability (7.2 g·cm/s). LZIVSopt-G3 showed 2.47-fold higher permeation than pure LZ-gel. LZIVSopt-G3 did not show any edema or swelling in the skin, revealing that the developed formulation is non-irritant. LZIVSopt-G3 exhibited significant inhibition of the fungus infection (C. albicans) in the infected rats. The finding concluded that IVS gel is a good carrier and an attractive approach for the enhancement of topical delivery of LZ to treat the fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunitha Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Anurag University, Hyderabad 500088, Telangana, India;
| | - Omar Awad Alsaidan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia; (O.A.A.); (A.Z.)
| | - Dibyalochan Mohanty
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Anurag University, Hyderabad 500088, Telangana, India;
| | - Ameeduzzafar Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia; (O.A.A.); (A.Z.)
| | - Swagatika Das
- School of Pharmacy, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Gopalpur 756044, Odisha, India;
| | - Jeetendra Kumar Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Maafa IM, Zouli N, Abutaleb A, Yousef A, Qudsieh IY, Matar SM, Adam ASM, El-Halwany MM. Synthesis of Ilmenite Nickel Titanite-Supported Carbon Nanofibers Derived from Polyvinylpyrrolidone as Photocatalyst for H 2 Production from Ammonia Borane Photohydrolysis. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3262. [PMID: 37571156 PMCID: PMC10422570 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study involves the synthesis of photocatalytic composite nanofibers (NFs) comprising ilmenite nickel titanite-supported carbon nanofibers (NiTiO3/TiO2@CNFs) using an electrospinning process. The photocatalytic composite NFs obtained were utilized in hydrogen (H2) production from the photohydrolysis of ammonia borane (AB). The experimental findings show that the photocatalytic composite NFs with a loading of 25 mg had a good catalytic performance for H2 generation, producing the stoichiometric H2 in 11 min using 1 mmol AB under visible light at 25 °C and 1000 rpm. The increase in catalyst load to 50, 75, and 100 mg leads to a corresponding reduction in the reaction time to 7, 5, and 4 min. The findings from the kinetics investigations suggest that the rate of the photohydrolysis reaction is directly proportional to the amount of catalyst in the reaction system, adhering to a first-order reaction rate. Furthermore, it was observed that the reaction rate remains unaffected by the concentration of AB, thereby suggesting a reaction of zero order. Increasing the reaction temperature results in a decrease in the duration of the photohydrolysis reaction. Furthermore, an estimated activation energy value of 35.19 kJ mol-1 was obtained. The composite nanofibers demonstrated remarkable and consistent effectiveness throughout five consecutive cycles. The results suggest that composite NFs possess the capacity to function as a feasible substitute for costly catalysts in the process of H2 generation from AB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M. Maafa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (N.Z.); (A.A.); (I.Y.Q.); (S.M.M.); (A.S.M.A.)
| | - Nasser Zouli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (N.Z.); (A.A.); (I.Y.Q.); (S.M.M.); (A.S.M.A.)
| | - Ahmed Abutaleb
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (N.Z.); (A.A.); (I.Y.Q.); (S.M.M.); (A.S.M.A.)
| | - Ayman Yousef
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (N.Z.); (A.A.); (I.Y.Q.); (S.M.M.); (A.S.M.A.)
- Department of Mathematics and Physics Engineering, College of Engineering at Mataria, Helwan University, Cairo 11718, Egypt
| | - Isam Y. Qudsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (N.Z.); (A.A.); (I.Y.Q.); (S.M.M.); (A.S.M.A.)
| | - Saleh M. Matar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (N.Z.); (A.A.); (I.Y.Q.); (S.M.M.); (A.S.M.A.)
- Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Abdel Samed M. Adam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (N.Z.); (A.A.); (I.Y.Q.); (S.M.M.); (A.S.M.A.)
| | - M. M. El-Halwany
- Department of Mathematics and Physics Engineering, College of Engineering, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
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Al-Otibi F, Albulayhid LS, Alharbi RI, Almohsen AA, AlShowiman GM. Biological Activity of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoaggregates Prepared from the Aqueous Extract of Cymbopogon citratus against Candida spp. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2198. [PMID: 37570516 PMCID: PMC10421022 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Cymbopogon citratus is commonly used in folk medicine for the treatment of nervous and gastrointestinal disturbances and other medical issues because of its potent antioxidant capacity. The current study evaluated the anti-candida effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized from an aqueous extract of C. citratus against different Candida spp. The aqueous extract was prepared from the fresh leaves of C. citratus. The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared and validated by UV spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and zeta size analysis. C. albicans, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, C. famata, C. rhodotorula, and C. glabrata were used in the antifungal assay. Microscopical imaging were used to investigate the different morphological changes induced by treatment. FTIR spectrum confirmed the existence of various functional groups of biomolecules capping the nanoparticles. The average particle size of synthesized AgNPs was 100.6 nm by zeta-sizer and 0.012 to 0.059 mm by TEM. In the antifungal assay, AgNPs aggregates induced significant inhibition of the growth of all species (p < 0.05) compared to the control and the biofilm maturation in C. famata and C. albicans. These considerable antifungal activities might lead to the development of appropriate alternative remedy for the treatment of fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah Al-Otibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; (L.S.A.); (R.I.A.); (A.A.A.); (G.M.A.)
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Aliqab K, Wekalao J, Alsharari M, Armghan A, Agravat D, Patel SK. Designing a Graphene Metasurface Organic Material Sensor for Detection of Organic Compounds in Wastewater. Biosensors (Basel) 2023; 13:759. [PMID: 37622845 PMCID: PMC10452360 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In many fields, such as environmental monitoring, food safety, and medical diagnostics, the identification of organic compounds is essential. It is crucial to create exceptionally sensitive and selective sensors for the detection of organic compounds in order to safeguard the environment and human health. Due to its outstanding electrical, mechanical, and chemical characteristics, the two-dimensional carbon substance graphene has recently attracted much attention for use in sensing applications. The purpose of this research is to create an organic material sensor made from graphene for the detection of organic substances like phenol, ethanol, methanol, chloroform, etc. Due to its high surface-to-volume ratio and potent interactions with organic molecules, graphene improves the sensor's performance while the metasurface structure enables the design of highly sensitive and selective sensing elements. The suggested sensor is highly sensitive and accurate at detecting a broad spectrum of organic molecules, making it appropriate for a number of applications. The creation of this sensor has the potential to have a substantial impact on the field of organic sensing and increase the safety of food, medicine, and the environment. The graphene metasurface organic material sensor (GMOMS) was categorized into three types denoted as GMOMS1, GMOMS2, and GMOMS3 based on the specific application of the graphene chemical potential (GCP). In GMOMS1, GCP was applied on both the CSRR and CS surfaces. In GMOMS2, GCP was applied to the CS surface and the surrounding outer region of the CSRR. In GMOMS3, GCP was applied to the CSRR and the surrounding outer region of the CSRR surface. The results show that all three designs exhibit high relative sensitivity, with the maximum values ranging from 227 GHz/RIU achieved by GMOMS1 to 4318 GHz/RIU achieved by GMOMS3. The FOM values achieved for all the designs range from 2.038 RIU-1 achieved by GMOMS2 to 31.52 RIU-1 achieved by GMOMS3, which is considered ideal in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Aliqab
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jacob Wekalao
- Department of Physics, Marwadi University, Rajkot 360003, India
| | - Meshari Alsharari
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Armghan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dhruvik Agravat
- Department of Physics, Marwadi University, Rajkot 360003, India
| | - Shobhit K. Patel
- Department of Computer Engineering, Marwadi University, Rajkot 360003, India
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Shalabi K, Abd El-Lateef HM, Hammouda MM, Osman AMA, Tantawy AH, Abo-Riya MA. Perspectives on Corrosion Inhibition Features of Novel Synthesized Gemini-Fluorinated Cationic Surfactants Bearing Varied Spacers for Acid Pickling of X60-Steel: Practical, and In Silico Calculations. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5192. [PMID: 37512467 PMCID: PMC10383753 DOI: 10.3390/ma16145192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Through our present study, three novel Gemini-fluorinated cationic surfactants bearing different spacers (FSG6-2, FSG6-4, and FSG6-6) were synthesized, and their structures were explained via different spectroscopic instruments such as 1H, 13C, and 19F NMR spectra. The surface activity of the as-prepared surfactants was examined. The inhibiting influence of FSG6 molecules on the X60 steel corrosion in the pickling solution (HCl) was examined by diverse methods comprising electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experimentations, and computational calculations. The inhibition effectiveness of FSG6 surfactants followed the order of 93.37% (FSG6-2) < 96.74% (FSG6-4) < 98.37% (FSG6-6) at 2.0 × 10-4 M. The FSG6 surfactants function as mixed-type inhibitors, according to PDP investigations. The H2O molecules that adsorbed on the steel interface were substituted with surfactant molecules, and the surfactant's inhibitory activity is likely caused by the improvement in an adsorptive layer on the steel substrate, as specified by the EIS results. The Langmuir isotherm describes the absorption of FSG6 molecules on the metal surface. The XPS investigations validate the steel interface's extremely protective nature. The mechanism of interaction between FSG6 molecules with an X60-steel employing the DFT calculations and MC simulations methods was also examined and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Shalabi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Hany M Abd El-Lateef
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Hammouda
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Amany M A Osman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koam 32511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Tantawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abo-Riya
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt
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Samad UA, Alam MA, Abdo HS, Anis A, Al-Zahrani SM. Synergistic Effect of Nanoparticles: Enhanced Mechanical and Corrosion Protection Properties of Epoxy Coatings Incorporated with SiO 2 and ZrO 2. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3100. [PMID: 37514490 PMCID: PMC10383855 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This research paper presents the fabrication of epoxy coatings along with the hybrid combination of SiO2 and ZrO2. The epoxy resin is incorporated with SiO2 as the primary pigment and ZrO2 as the synergist pigment. The study delves into the adhesion, barrier, and anti-corrosion properties of these coatings, enriched with silica and zirconium nanoparticles, and investigates their impact on the final properties of the epoxy coating. The epoxy resin, a Diglycidyl ether bisphenol-A (DGEBA) type, is cured with a polyamidoamine adduct-based curing agent. To evaluate the protective performance of silica SiO2 and zirconia ZrO2 nanoparticles in epoxy coatings, the coated samples were tested in a 3.5% NaCl solution. The experimental results clearly demonstrate a remarkable improvement in the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS), and Elastic Modulus. In comparison to using SiO2 separately, the incorporation of both ZrO2 and SiO2 resulted in a substantial increase of 43.5% in UTS, 74.2% in YS, and 8.2% in Elastic Modulus. The corrosion test results revealed that the combination of DGEBA, SiO2, and ZrO2 significantly enhanced the anti-corrosion efficiency of the organic coatings. Both these pigments exhibited superior anti-corrosion effects and mechanical properties compared to conventional epoxy coatings, leading to a substantial increase in the anti-corrosion efficiency of the developed coating. This research focuses the potential of SiO2 and ZrO2 in hybrid combination for applications, where mechanical, corrosion and higher adhesion to the substrates are of prime importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubair Abdus Samad
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Asif Alam
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany S Abdo
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
- Mechanical Design and Materials Department, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81521, Egypt
| | - Arafat Anis
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M Al-Zahrani
- SABIC Polymer Research Center (SPRC), Chemical Engineering Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
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Alwakid G, Gouda W, Humayun M. Enhancement of Diabetic Retinopathy Prognostication Using Deep Learning, CLAHE, and ESRGAN. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2375. [PMID: 37510123 PMCID: PMC10378524 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13142375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the primary causes of blindness in the diabetic population is diabetic retinopathy (DR). Many people could have their sight saved if only DR were detected and treated in time. Numerous Deep Learning (DL)-based methods have been presented to improve human analysis. Using a DL model with three scenarios, this research classified DR and its severity stages from fundus images using the "APTOS 2019 Blindness Detection" dataset. Following the adoption of the DL model, augmentation methods were implemented to generate a balanced dataset with consistent input parameters across all test scenarios. As a last step in the categorization process, the DenseNet-121 model was employed. Several methods, including Enhanced Super-resolution Generative Adversarial Networks (ESRGAN), Histogram Equalization (HIST), and Contrast Limited Adaptive HIST (CLAHE), have been used to enhance image quality in a variety of contexts. The suggested model detected the DR across all five APTOS 2019 grading process phases with the highest test accuracy of 98.36%, top-2 accuracy of 100%, and top-3 accuracy of 100%. Further evaluation criteria (precision, recall, and F1-score) for gauging the efficacy of the proposed model were established with the help of APTOS 2019. Furthermore, comparing CLAHE + ESRGAN against both state-of-the-art technology and other recommended methods, it was found that its use was more effective in DR classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadah Alwakid
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakakah 72341, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa Gouda
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra, Benha University, Cairo 11672, Egypt
| | - Mamoona Humayun
- Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakakah 72341, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia
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Khan YS, Abidi MH, Malik W, Lone NF, Aboudaif MK, Mohammed MK. Effect of Traverse Speed Variation on Microstructural Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Friction Stir Welded WE43 Mg Alloy Joints. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:4902. [PMID: 37512177 PMCID: PMC10381790 DOI: 10.3390/ma16144902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The growing demand for Magnesium in the automotive and aviation industries has enticed the need to improve its corrosive properties. In this study, the WE43 magnesium alloys were friction stir welded (FSW) by varying the traverse speed. FSW eliminates defects such as liquefication cracking, expulsion, and voids in joints encountered frequently in fusion welding of magnesium alloys. The microstructural properties were scrutinized using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additionally, the elemental makeup of precipitates was studied using electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The electrochemical behavior of specimens was evaluated by employing potentiodynamic polarization tests and was correlated with the microstructural properties. A defect-free weldment was obtained at a traverse and rotational speed of 100 mm/min and 710 rpm, respectively. All weldments significantly improved corrosion resistance compared to the base alloy. Moreover, a highly refined microstructure with redistribution/dissolution of precipitates was obtained. The grain size was reduced from 256 µm to around 13 µm. The corrosion resistance of the welded sample was enhanced by 22 times as compared to the base alloy. Hence, the reduction in grain size and the dissolution/distribution of secondary-phase particles within the Mg matrix are the primary factors for the enhancement of anti-corrosion properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusra Saman Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mustufa Haider Abidi
- Raytheon Chair for Systems Engineering, Advanced Manufacturing Institute, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqar Malik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Nadeem Fayaz Lone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mohamed K Aboudaif
- Raytheon Chair for Systems Engineering, Advanced Manufacturing Institute, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muneer Khan Mohammed
- Raytheon Chair for Systems Engineering, Advanced Manufacturing Institute, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
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Alam MA, Samad UA, Anis A, Sherif ESM, Abdo HS, Al-Zahrani SM. The Effect of Zirconia Nanoparticles on Thermal, Mechanical, and Corrosion Behavior of Nanocomposite Epoxy Coatings on Steel Substrates. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:4813. [PMID: 37445127 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles (1-3 wt.%) were incorporated into the epoxy matrix using the ultra-sonication mixing method of dispersion to manufacture nanocomposite coatings. An automatic applicator was used to prepare the coating samples on a stainless steel substrate. The influence of ZrO2 nanoparticles on the physicochemical characteristics of epoxy coatings was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermos-gravimetric analysis (TGA), elastic modulus, and micro-hardness measurement with the nano-indentation technique. The corrosion stability during immersion in 3.5% NaCl solution was monitored using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). All ZrO2-containing coatings showed better corrosion stability and adhesion than pure epoxy coating. Epoxy coating incorporated with 2% ZrO2 exhibited the greatest values of corrosion resistance and adhesion due to the effect of nanoparticle properties and their better de-agglomeration in the epoxy matrix than pure epoxy coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Asif Alam
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ubair Abdus Samad
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arfat Anis
- SABIC Polymer Research Center (SPRC), Chemical Engineering Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - El-Sayed M Sherif
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany S Abdo
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M Al-Zahrani
- SABIC Polymer Research Center (SPRC), Chemical Engineering Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
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Abdelbaky AS, Tammam MA, Ali MY, Sharaky M, Selim K, Semida WM, Abd El-Mageed TA, Ramadan MF, Oraby HF, Diab YM. Antioxidant and Anticancer Assessment and Phytochemical Investigation of Three Varieties of Date Fruits. Metabolites 2023; 13:816. [PMID: 37512523 PMCID: PMC10386203 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits contain high concentrations of phenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids and other micronutrients, which impact human health due to their potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer characteristics. In the present study, the effect of ethyl acetate, hydroethanol, hydromethanol, and aqueous extract from three date palm varieties (i.e., Ajwa, Siwi, and Sukkari) on phytochemical profiles and antioxidant and anticancer activities was investigated. Fruit extracts were screened for their antioxidant activity using the DPPH· method. Phenolic constituents were quantified and identified using HPLC-DAD. Extracts (ethyl acetate, hydroethanol, and hydromethanol) were assessed for cytotoxicity on nine human cancer cell lines, i.e., MG-63, HCT116, MCF7, MDA-MB-231, HEPG2, HUH7, A549, H460, and HFB4, using the sulphorhodamine-B (SRB) assay. Results showed that the ethyl acetate extract of the Sukkari fruits has the greatest antioxidant potential with an IC50 value of 132.4 ± 0.3 μg·mL-1, while the aqueous extract of Ajwa date fruits exhibited the lowest antioxidant effect with an IC50 value of 867.1 ± 0.3 μg·mL-1. The extracts exhibited potent to moderate anticancer activities against the investigated cancer cell line in a source-dependent manner. Methanol extract of Siwi fruits exhibited the most potent anticancer activity (IC50 = 99 ± 1.6 µg·mL-1), followed by the same extract of Sukkari fruits with an IC50 value of 119 ± 3.5 µg·mL-1 against the cell line of human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231). Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) was investigated to determine the relationship among the investigated traits and treatments. Our findings reveal that date palm fruit-derived extracts are excellent sources of biologically active constituents and substantiate their potential use in new anticancer strategies from natural resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Abdelbaky
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Tammam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Yassin Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Marwa Sharaky
- Pharmacology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Giza 11796, Egypt
| | - Khaled Selim
- Department Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Wael M Semida
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Taia A Abd El-Mageed
- Department of Soil and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham F Oraby
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser M Diab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
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Alotaibi NJ, Alsufyani T, M'sakni NH, Almalki MA, Alghamdi EM, Spiteller D. Rapid Identification of Aphid Species by Headspace GC-MS and Discriminant Analysis. Insects 2023; 14:589. [PMID: 37504595 PMCID: PMC10380428 DOI: 10.3390/insects14070589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Aphids are a ubiquitous group of pests in agriculture that cause serious losses. For sustainable aphid identification, it is necessary to develop a precise and fast aphid identification tool. A new simple chemotaxonomy approach to rapidly identify aphids was implemented. The method was calibrated in comparison to the established phylogenetic analysis. For chemotaxonomic analysis, aphids were crushed, their headspace compounds were collected through closed-loop stripping (CLS) and analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). GC-MS data were then subjected to a discriminant analysis using CAP12.exe software, which identified key biomarkers that distinguish aphid species. A dichotomous key taking into account the presence and absence of a set of species-specific biomarkers was derived from the discriminant analysis which enabled rapid and reliable identification of aphid species. As the method overcomes the limits of morphological identification, it works with aphids at all life stages and in both genders. Thus, our method enables entomologists to assign aphids to growth stages and identify the life history of the investigated aphids, i.e., the food plant(s) they fed on. Our experiments clearly showed that the method could be used as a software to automatically identify aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura J Alotaibi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taghreed Alsufyani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nour Houda M'sakni
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona A Almalki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman M Alghamdi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King AbdulAziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dieter Spiteller
- Chemical Ecology/Biological Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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Hussain MA, Ali A, Alsahli TG, Khan N, Sharif A, Haseeb MT, Alsaidan OA, Tayyab M, Bukhari SNA. Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel from Seeds of Artemisia vulgaris: Extraction Optimization by Box-Behnken Design, pH-Responsiveness, and Sustained Drug Release. Gels 2023; 9:525. [PMID: 37504404 PMCID: PMC10379781 DOI: 10.3390/gels9070525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The current research work focuses on the extraction and optimization of the hydrogel (AVM) from the seeds of Artemisia vulgaris using Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology (BBD-RSM). The AVM was obtained through a hot water extraction process. The influence of different factors, including pH (U = 4 to 10), temperature (V = 25 to 110 °C), seed/water ratio, i.e., S/W ratio (W = 1/10 to 1/70 w/v), and seed/water contact time, i.e., S/W time (X = 1 to 12 h) on the yield of AVM was evaluated. The p-value for the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was found to be <0.001, indicating that the yield of AVM mainly depended on the abovementioned factors. The highest yield of AVM, i.e., 15.86%, was found at a pH of 7.12, temperature of 80.04 °C, S/W ratio of 1/33.24 w/v, and S/W time of 8.73 h according to Design-Expert Software. The study of the pH-responsive behavior of AVM in tablet form (formulation AVT3) revealed that AVM is a pH-responsive material with significantly high swelling at pH 7.4. However, less swelling was witnessed at pH 1.2. Moreover, AVM was found to be a sustained release material for esomeprazole at pH 7.4 for 12 h. The drug release from AVT3 was according to the super case-II transport mechanism and zero-order kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ajaz Hussain
- Centre for Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Arshad Ali
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Tariq G Alsahli
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadia Khan
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Sharif
- Centre for Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | | | - Omar Awad Alsaidan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Tayyab
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
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Alrabiah H, Ali EA, Alsalahi RA, Attwa MW, Mostafa GAE. Fabrication and Applications of Potentiometric Membrane Sensors Based on γ-Cyclodextrin and Calixarene as Ionophores for the Determination of a Histamine H1-Receptor Antagonist: Fexofenadine. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2808. [PMID: 37447454 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular fexofenadine sensors have been constructed. Although noncovalent intermolecular and intramolecular interactions, which are far weaker than covalent contacts, are the main focus of supramolecular chemistry, they can be used to create sensors with an exceptional affinity for a target analyte. The objective of the current research study is to adapt two PVC membrane sensors into an electrochemical approach for the dosage form determination of histamine H1-receptor antagonists: fexofenadine. The general performance characteristics of two new modified potentiometric membrane sensors responsive to fexofenadine hydrochloride were established. The technique was based on the employment of γ-cyclodextrin (CD) (sensor 1), 4-tert-butylcalix[8]arene (calixarene) (sensor 2) as an ionophore, potassium tetrakis (4-chlorophenyl) borate (KTpClPB) as an ion additive, and (o-NPOE) as a plasticizer for sensors 1 and 2. The sensors showed fast responses over a wide fexofenadine concentration range (1 × 10-2 to 4.5 (4.7) × 10-6 M), with detection limits of 1.3 × 10-6 M and 1.4 × 10-6 M for sensors 1 and 2, respectively, in the pH range of 2-8. The tested sensors exhibit the fexofenadine near-Nernstian cationic response at 56 and 58 mV/decade for sensors 1 and 2, respectively. The sensors exhibit good stability, fast response times, accuracy, precision, and longer life for fexofenadine. Throughout the day and between days, the sensors exhibit good recovery and low relative standard deviations. Fexofenadine in its pure, dose form has been identified with success using the modified sensors. The sensors were employed as end-point indications for the titration of fexofenadine with NaTPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham Alrabiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam A Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashad A Alsalahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed W Attwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A E Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Almazroea A. Homozygous LOXL2 variant in individuals affected by non-syndromic occipital encephalocele. Birth Defects Res 2023. [PMID: 37345575 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occipital encephaloceles is a rare congenital defect in which meninges and the brain protrude out as a sac-like structure through opening in the skull. The condition can result in neurologic complications as well as structural abnormalities of the skull. To the best of our knowledge, no genetic variant has been identified as an underlying cause of non-syndromic occipital encephaloceles. METHODS In this study, I report a family with 2 individuals having large occipital encephalocele. Clinical and radiological examination did not reveal any other neurological or skeletal manifestations in both affected individuals. RESULTS Exome sequencing detected the previously unreported homozygous single nucleotide duplication (NM_002318.3:c.64dupC) in LOXL2 gene. This is a nonsense variant (NP_002309.1:p.Leu22Profs*7) leading to a premature truncation and loss-of-function of the lysyl oxidase-like 2 protein. The variant is segregating in an autosomal recessive manner in a family. Both parents are heterozygous carriers for the variant while unaffected sibs have wild type sequence. CONCLUSION We hypothesize that LOXL2 is a potential candidate gene for occipital encephalocele due to the established role of LOXL3, a close paralog of LOXL2, in craniofacial development. This case illustrates the power of exome sequencing to establish genetic diagnosis and expands the spectrum of genetic defects in occipital encephalocele and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhadi Almazroea
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, Taibah University Medina, Medina, Saudi Arabia
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Alotaibi M, El-Hendawy S, Mohammed N, Alsamin B, Al-Suhaibani N, Refay Y. Effects of Salicylic Acid and Macro- and Micronutrients through Foliar and Soil Applications on the Agronomic Performance, Physiological Attributes, and Water Productivity of Wheat under Normal and Limited Irrigation in Dry Climatic Conditions. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2389. [PMID: 37376014 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Ensuring food security with severe shortages of freshwater and drastic changes in climatic conditions in arid countries requires the urgent development of feasible and user-friendly strategies. Relatively little is known regarding the impacts of the co-application (Co-A) of salicylic acid (SA), macronutrients (Mac), and micronutrients (Mic) through foliar (F) and soil (S) application strategies on field crops under arid and semiarid climatic conditions. A two-year field experiment was designed to compare the impacts of seven (Co-A) treatments of this strategy, including a control, FSA + Mic, FSA + Mac, SSA + FMic, SSA + FSA + Mic, SSA + Mic + FSA, and SSA + Mic + FMac + Mic on the agronomic performance, physiological attributes, and water productivity (WP) of wheat under normal (NI) and limited (LMI) irrigation conditions. The results reveal that the LMI treatment caused a significant reduction in various traits related to the growth (plant height, tiller and green leaf numbers, leaf area index, and shoot dry weight), physiology (relative water content and chlorophyll pigments), and yield components (spike length, grain weight and grain numbers per spike, thousand-grain weight, and harvest index) of wheat by 11.4-47.8%, 21.8-39.8%, and 16.4-42.3%, respectively, while WP increased by 13.3% compared to the NI treatment. The different Co-A treatments have shown a 0.2-23.7%, 3.6-26.7%, 2.3-21.6%, and 12.2-25.0% increase in various traits related to growth, physiology, yield, and WP, respectively, in comparison to the control treatment. The SSA+ FSA + Mic was determined as the best treatment that achieved the best results for all studied traits under both irrigation conditions, followed by FSA + Mic and SSA + Mic + FSA under LMI in addition to FSA + Mac under NI conditions. It can be concluded that the Co-A of essential plant nutrients along with SA accomplished a feasible, profitable, and easy-to-use strategy to attenuate the negative impacts of deficit irrigation stress, along with the further improvement in the growth and production of wheat under NI conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed Alotaibi
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salah El-Hendawy
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil Mohammed
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bazel Alsamin
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser Al-Suhaibani
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya Refay
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Albuali A, Srinivasagan R, Aljughaiman A, Alderazi F. Scalable Lightweight IoT-Based Smart Weather Measurement System. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:5569. [PMID: 37420735 DOI: 10.3390/s23125569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) plays a critical role in remotely monitoring a wide variety of different application sectors, including agriculture, building, and energy. The wind turbine energy generator (WTEG) is a real-world application that can take advantage of IoT technologies, such as a low-cost weather station, where human activities can be significantly affected by enhancing the production of clean energy based on the known direction of the wind. Meanwhile, common weather stations are neither affordable nor customizable for specific applications. Moreover, due to weather forecast changes over time and location within the same city, it is not efficient to rely on a limited number of weather stations that may be located far away from a recipient's location. Therefore, in this paper, we focus on presenting a low-cost weather station that relies on an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm that can be distributed across a WTEG area with minimal cost. The proposed study measures multiple weather parameters, such as wind direction, wind velocity (WV), temperature, pressure, mean sea level, and relative humidity to provide current measurements to recipients and AI-based forecasts. In addition, the proposed study consists of several heterogeneous nodes and a controller for each station in a target area. The collected data can be transmitted through Bluetooth low energy (BLE). The experimental results reveal that the proposed study matches the standard of the National Meteorological Center (NMC), with a nowcast measurement of 95% accuracy for WV and 92% for wind direction (WD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Albuali
- Department of Computer Networks and Communications, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramasamy Srinivasagan
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Aljughaiman
- Department of Computer Networks and Communications, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima Alderazi
- Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Zaky ZA, Mohaseb MA, Hendy AS, Aly AH. Design of phononic crystal using open resonators as harmful gases sensor. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9346. [PMID: 37291147 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36216-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper investigates the ability to use a finite one-dimensional phononic crystal composed of branched open resonators with a horizontal defect to detect the concentration of harmful gases such as CO2. This research investigates the impact of periodic open resonators, defect duct at the center of the structure, and geometrical parameters such as cross-sections and length of the primary waveguide and resonators on the model's performance. As far as we know, this research is unique in the sensing field. Furthermore, these simulations show that the investigated finite one-dimensional phononic crystal composed of branched open resonators with a horizontal defect is a promising sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaky A Zaky
- TH-PPM Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62521, Egypt.
| | - M A Mohaseb
- Department of Physics, College of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed S Hendy
- Department of Computational Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira St., Yekaterinburg, Russia, 620002
| | - Arafa H Aly
- TH-PPM Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62521, Egypt
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