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Wang F, Chen L, Xu B, Ma J, Xing B, Su F, Shi C. Characterization of the migration of organic contaminants in laboratory-scale groundwater polluted by underground coal gasification. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33467-8. [PMID: 38703318 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Underground coal gasification (UCG) is a promising technology, but the groundwater pollution caused by UCG is a potential risk to the environment. The measured results of the stratum in the combustion cavity resulting from UCG had proven that the combustion cavity would be filled with some UCG residues and caving rocks when UCG was finished. The pollutants in underground water around the combustion cavity include organic pollutants, inorganic pollutants, and ammonia nitrogen, and one of the primary organic pollutants is phenol. The migration and diffusion characteristics of organic pollutants (taking phenol as a representative) in the groundwater of the combustion cavity were investigated by breakthrough experiments and numerical simulations. The results show that the hydraulic conductivity of the coarse UCG residues is much higher than that of fine residues, and the hydraulic conductivity of the UCG residues with the size of - 0.15 mm and 0.15-0.3 mm are 4.68 × 10-6 m/s and 1.91 × 10-4 m/s respectively. The dispersivity λ for the migration of organic pollutants will be influenced significantly by the size of UCG residues in fractures of the combustion cavity, while the distribution coefficient Kd will not. The dispersivity of organic pollutants in the fine UCG residues is more significant than that in the coarse residues, and the λ for the two kinds of residues are 3.868 cm and 1.765 cm, respectively. The shape of the migration path slightly affects the pollutant concentration distribution along the path, but the width of a path has a more pronounced influence on the concentration distribution. In this research, the influence was formulated by a new technical term, MPWIT, which is related to transverse dispersion. Specifically, while the transverse dispersion values account for 20% and 10% of the longitudinal dispersion, respectively, the corresponding MPWIT values are 39.48 mm and 33.96 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, Henan, China
| | - Lunjian Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, Henan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Jiaozuo, 454003, Henan, China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, Henan, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Jiaozuo, 454003, Henan, China.
| | - Jiao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, Henan, China
| | - Baolin Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, Henan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Jiaozuo, 454003, Henan, China
| | - Faqiang Su
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, Henan, China
| | - Changliang Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, Henan, China
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Sukatis FF, Looi LJ, Lim HN, Abdul Rahman MB, Mohd Zaki MR, Aris AZ. Fixed-bed adsorption studies of endocrine-disrupting compounds from water by using novel calcium-based metal-organic frameworks. Environ Pollut 2024; 341:122980. [PMID: 37992953 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The presence of emerging water pollutants such as endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), including 17-ethynylestradiol (EE2), bisphenol A (BPA), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), in contaminated water sources poses significant environmental and health challenges. This study aims to address this issue by investigating the efficiency of novel calcium-based metal-organic frameworks, known as mixed-linker calcium-based metal-organic frameworks (Ca-MIX), in adsorbing these endocrine-disrupting compounds. This study analyzed the influence of influent concentration, bed height, and flow rate on pollutant removal, with bed height emerging as a crucial factor. From the breakthrough curves, it was determined that the column maximum adsorption capacities followed the order of 17-ethynylestradiol (101.52 μg/g; 40%) > bisphenol A (99.07 μg/g; 39%) > perfluorooctanoic acid (81.28 μg/g; 32%). Three models were used to predict the adsorption process, with the Yan model outperforming the other models. This suggests the potential of mixed-linker calcium-based metal-organic frameworks for removing endocrine-disrupting compounds from water, using the Yan model as an effective predictor. Overall, this study provides valuable insights for the development of effective water treatment methods using mixed-linker calcium-based metal-organic frameworks to remove endocrine-disrupting compounds from contaminated water sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahren Fazzer Sukatis
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ley Juen Looi
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hong Ngee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Muhammad Rozaimi Mohd Zaki
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
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Yaqoob T, Ahmad M, Faiz Y, Ali F, Farooq A, Faiz F, Shah A, Irshad MA, Irfan N, Ali N, Mehmood S. Retention of methyl iodide on metal and TEDA impregnated activated carbon using indigenously developed setup. Environ Res 2023; 238:117133. [PMID: 37729960 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Removal of methyl iodide (CH3I) from the air present within nuclear facilities is a critical issue. In case of any nuclear accident, there is a great need to mitigate the radioactive organic iodide immediately as it accumulates in human bodies, causing severe consequences. Current research focuses on removing organic iodides, for which the surface of activated carbon (AC) was modified by impregnating it with different metals individually, i.e. Ag, Ni, Zn, Cu and with the novel combination of these four metals (AZNC). After the impregnation of metals, triethylenediamine (TEDA) was coated on metal impregnated activated carbon (IAC) surface. The adsorption capacity of the combination of four metals IAC was found to be 276 mg/g as the maximum for the trapping of CH3I. Whereas TEDA-metal impregnation on ACs enhanced the removal efficiency of CH3I up to 352 mg/g. After impregnation, adsorption capacity of AZNC and AZNCT is significantly higher as compared to AC. According to the finding, t5% of AZNCT IAC is 46 min, which is considerably higher than the t5% of other tested adsorbents. According to isotherm fitting data, Langmuir isotherm was found superior for describing CH3I sorption onto AC and IACs. Kinetics study shows that pseudo second order model represented the sorption of CH3I more accurately than the pseudo first order. Thermodynamic studies gave negative value of ΔG which shows that the reaction is spontaneous in nature. Based on the findings, AZNCT IAC appears to have a great potential for air purification applications in order to obtain clean environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talhat Yaqoob
- Hazardous Air Pollutants Laboratory, Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Masroor Ahmad
- Hazardous Air Pollutants Laboratory, Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Faiz
- Chemistry Division, Directorate of Science, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology (PINSTECH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Farooq
- Hazardous Air Pollutants Laboratory, Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Faiz
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Attaullah Shah
- National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asim Irshad
- Hazardous Air Pollutants Laboratory, Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naseem Irfan
- Hazardous Air Pollutants Laboratory, Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nisar Ali
- Key Laboratory for Palygorskite Science and Applied Technology of Jiangsu Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Mineral Salt Deep Utilization, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, PR China
| | - Sahid Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.
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Fröhlich AC, Mazur LP, da Silva A, de Andrade Maranhão T, Parize AL. Development of hydrogels based on xylan and poly (acrylic acid) for melamine adsorption in batch and continuous mode: experimental design, kinetics, isotherms, recyclability, and fixed-bed column. Environ Sci Pollut Res 2023; 30:107970-107992. [PMID: 37749464 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29891-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Two hydrogels were synthesized, characterized, and applied as alternative materials to remove melamine (MEL) from aqueous media by adsorption. For the first time, a complete study of MEL adsorption is presented, including optimization, kinetics, isotherm, reuse, and column studies with these new materials. One hydrogel is based on xylan and poly (acrylic acid) and was named HXy, and the other is based on the same components functionalized with activated carbon and was named HXy-AC. The materials were synthesized by free radical polymerization and characterized by FTIR, XRD, TGA, DSC, SEM, zeta potential, point of zero charge, N2 adsorption isotherms (BET), helium gas pycnometry, Archimedes method, swelling analysis, and stability tests. The characterization results confirmed the intended synthesis and showed the thermal, morphological, textural, structural, and compositional profile, as well as the adsorption characteristics of the materials. The adsorption studies in batch process included experimental design, kinetics, isotherms, and recyclability, and in continuous mode, the studies included fixed-bed column experiments. The full factorial design showed that adsorbent dosage, pH, and ionic strength are significant for adsorption capacity and removal percentage responses. Doehlert design enabled the definition of the values of adsorbent dosage and pH that were most suitable for MEL adsorption into the materials, indicating the optimal adsorption conditions. The kinetics were well described by the pseudo-first-order model, with R2 above 0.9920 for both materials at all concentrations tested. The isotherm obeyed the Langmuir model, with R2 above 0.9939 for both materials at all temperatures tested. Equilibrium was attained at 180 min, and the maximum experimental adsorption capacity was up to 132.46 and 118.96 mg g-1 at pH 7, with adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g L-1, and 298 K for HXy and HXy-AC, respectively. Furthermore, HXy and HXy-AC materials maintained about 58 and 70% of their initial adsorption capacity at the end of five adsorption/desorption cycles, respectively. Breakthrough curves were described by the Yan model and presented a maximum adsorption capacity of 30.2 and 30.4 mg g-1, treating 3.4 and 6.1 L of influent until the breakthrough point of 0.5 mg L-1 with HXy-AC using 2.0 and 4.0 g of material, respectively. These findings show that the hydrogels produced present the potential to be applied in the adsorption of basic molecules, such as MEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Cristiana Fröhlich
- POLIMAT, Grupo de Estudos em Materiais Poliméricos, Chemistry Department-Federal University of Santa Catarina-UFSC, Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, s/n-Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Luciana Prazeres Mazur
- BIOMAT, Laboratório de Biomateriais, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering and Bioprocess, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-852, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano da Silva
- LABMASSA, Laboratório de Transferência de Massa, Chemical Engineering Department-Federal University of Santa Catarina-UFSC, Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, s/n-Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiane de Andrade Maranhão
- LEMA/LARES, Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas e Atômica/Laboratório de Análises de Resíduos, Chemistry Department-Federal University of Santa Catarina-UFSC, Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, s/n-Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Luis Parize
- POLIMAT, Grupo de Estudos em Materiais Poliméricos, Chemistry Department-Federal University of Santa Catarina-UFSC, Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, s/n-Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
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Gupta A, Vyas RK. Evaluation of acyclovir adsorption on granular activated carbon from aqueous solutions: batch and fixed-bed parametric studies. Chem Zvesti 2023; 77:1-14. [PMID: 37362788 PMCID: PMC10100619 DOI: 10.1007/s11696-023-02810-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study is aimed to assess the adsorptive potential of carbonaceous material for the acyclovir (ACVR) removal from the aquatic environment using batch and fixed-bed processes. In batch mode, the impact of various process conditions (contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, initial ACVR concentration, and temperature) on ACVR adsorption was investigated. Experimental results revealed that Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model adequately represent the ACVR adsorption mechanism, indicating homogeneous adsorption. The process was found exothermic and spontaneous. Thermodynamic studies concluded that adsorption is a result of both physisorption and chemisorption. To understand the dynamic regime for the design of large-scale column studies, experimental data obtained from breakthrough curve were fitted to various analytical kinetic models. Yan model followed by Thomas model demonstrated a greater correlation of breakthrough data, confirming that the results are significant and are in line with Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic. G-AC exhibits sufficient adsorption capacity for ACVR. Hence, it is concluded that it can be used in a fixed-bed column in continuous mode for the treatment of ACVR-contaminated wastewater. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11696-023-02810-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, 302017 India
| | - Raj K. Vyas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, 302017 India
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Kushwaha P, Agarwal M. Utilization of metal industry solid waste as an adsorbent for adsorption of anionic and cationic dyes from aqueous solution through the batch and continuous study. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:46748-46765. [PMID: 36723835 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25531-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Industrial waste, for instance, textile effluents when released into the ecological system without first being treated or with inappropriate levels of treatment, can lead to serious issues deteriorating the environment and human health. Moreover, solid waste from various industries has also become a major issue due to massive urbanization. For instance, the waste from the metal industry has been rapidly increasing such as Jarosite which has various metals, metal oxides, and silica in its composition. Therefore, Jarosite was utilized as an adsorbent for the adsorption of anionic Congo red (CR) and cationic Methylene blue (MB) dyes from aqueous solutions. The processed adsorbent sample was characterized by BET, XRD, SEM, EDS, FTIR, and XPS techniques. The effects of initial dye concentration, pH, adsorbent dose, temperature, and contact time were examined. The metal industry waste is used as a low-cost abundant adsorbent with great potential for adsorption ability to remove the CR (97.5%) and MB (68.5%) at pH 7, contact time 90 min, adsorbent dose 0.1 g, and initial dye concentration 50 mg/L. The adsorption data followed the adsorption isotherm and Kinetics for both dyes. The removal of both dyes was a physical adsorption process, endothermic and spontaneous reaction. Column adsorption investigation was described by AB (Adams-Bohart) and YN (Yoon-Nelson) models. According to the economic view, the utilization of jarosite for dye removal is a cost-effective approach, because it is collected free of cost from industries. Henceforth, for the first time, toxic metal industry waste was successfully utilized as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpendra Kushwaha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Madhu Agarwal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, 302017, India.
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Danish M, Ansari KB, Danish M. Adsorptive removal of Pb(II) using nanostructured γ-alumina in a packed bed adsorber: Simulation using gPROMS. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:42629-42642. [PMID: 35426557 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20175-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, convective-dispersive and pore volume and surface diffusion models have been used to analyze Pb(II) adsorption from an aqueous solution over a nanostructured γ-alumina adsorbent in a packed bed adsorber. The models encompassing partial differential equation and a linear algebraic equation coupled with isotherm have been simulated in gPROMS using the backward finite difference approach. The predicted breakthrough curves of Pb(II) adsorption concerning flow rate, initial metal concentration, and bed height were matched with the experimental data. The accuracy of model predictions was analyzed through statistical measures such as coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error, and chi-squared value. The simulation results also predicted the axial dispersion, distribution coefficient, mass transfer coefficient, pore volume, and surface diffusion coefficient, which are, otherwise, difficult to measure experimentally and, in turn, have been used to assess the mass transfer characteristics of continuous Pb(II) adsorption. Additionally, the values of breakthrough time, exhaustion time, adsorption column capacity, and mass transfer zone were determined as a function of flow rate, bed height, and initial metal concentration. Surface and pore volume diffusions (10-11-10-10 m2/s) apparently controlled the continuous adsorption process, with surface diffusion being dominant. The transport parameters evaluated in the current study could be beneficial for the large-scale Pb(II)/nanostructured γ-alumina adsorption system. As evident from the successful simulation, the developed gPROMS program can also be applied to other adsorbate/adsorbent systems with a slight modification concerning the operating parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Danish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Uttar Pradesh, Aligarh, 202001, India
| | - Khursheed B Ansari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Uttar Pradesh, Aligarh, 202001, India
| | - Mohammad Danish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Uttar Pradesh, Aligarh, 202001, India.
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Lim SJ, Seo J, Hwang M, Kim HC, Kim EJ, Lee J, Hong SW, Lee S, Chung J. A multi-scale framework for modeling transport of microplastics during sand filtration: Bridging from pore to continuum. J Hazard Mater 2023; 443:130219. [PMID: 36367474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The fate and transport of microplastics (MPs) during deep bed filtration were investigated using combined laboratory experiments and numerical modeling. A series of column experiments were conducted within the designated ranges of six operating parameters (i.e., size of the MP and collector, seepage velocity, porosity, temperature, and ionic strength). A variance-based sensitivity analysis, the Fourier amplitude sensitivity test, was conducted to determine the priority in affecting both the attachment coefficient at the pore scale, and the subsequent stabilized height of the breakthrough curve at the continuum scale, which follows non-monotonic trends with singularity in the size of MP (i.e., 1 µm). Finally, Damkohler numbers were introduced to analyze the dominant mechanisms (e.g., attachment, detachment, or straining) in the coupled hydro-chemical process. The robustness of conceptual frameworks bridges the gap between pore-scale interactions and the explicit MPs removal in the continuum scale, which could support decision-making in determining the priority of parameters to retain MPs during deep bed filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Ji Lim
- Water Cycle Research center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, the Republic of Korea
| | - Jangwon Seo
- Water Cycle Research center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, the Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongwon Hwang
- Water Cycle Research center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, the Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Chang Kim
- Water Cycle Research center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, the Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Kim
- Water Cycle Research center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, the Republic of Korea; Division of Energy and Environment Technology, KIST-School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, the Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesang Lee
- Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, the Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Won Hong
- Water Cycle Research center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, the Republic of Korea; Division of Energy and Environment Technology, KIST-School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, the Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghak Lee
- Water Cycle Research center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, the Republic of Korea; Division of Energy and Environment Technology, KIST-School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, the Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST GREEN SCHOOL), Korea University, Seoul 02841, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Jaeshik Chung
- Water Cycle Research center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, the Republic of Korea; Division of Energy and Environment Technology, KIST-School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, the Republic of Korea.
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Qin Y, Zhou C, Yu S, Pang H, Guo J, Wei J, Wang L, Xing Y, An Y, Zhou Z. Optimization of a compact on-site stormwater runoff treatment system: Process performance and reactor design. Chemosphere 2023; 315:137767. [PMID: 36610516 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Stormwater runoff has become a major anthropogenic urban pollution source that threatens water quality. In this study, coagulation-sedimentation, and ammonium ion exchange and regeneration (AIR) modules were coupled as a CAIR system to efficiently treat stormwater runoff. In the coagulation module, 99.3%, 91.7%, and 97.0% of turbidity, total phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand could be removed at an optimized poly-aluminum ferric chloride dosage of 30 mg/L, and the continuous experiment confirmed that the full load mode was more suitable for its rapid start-up. In the AIR module, dynamic ammonium removal indicated that the breakthrough time decreased with the rising initial concentration and superficial velocity. The Modified Dose Response (MDR) model described the ammonium exchange behavior better than the Thomas and the Bohart-Adams models. Then, a design flow of the ion exchange reactor was constructed by correlating constants in the MDR model with engineering parameters, and the ion exchange reactor was designed for continuous operation of the CAIR system. The average concentrations of chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen, and total nitrogen in the effluent of the CAIR system were 7.22 ± 2.26, 0.17 ± 0.05, 1.49 ± 0.01, and 1.62 ± 0.02 mg/L, respectively. The almost unchanged exchange capacity and physicochemical properties after the multicycle operation confirmed the durability of zeolite for ion exchange. Techno-economic analysis suggested that the CAIR system is practically promising for stormwater management with efficient pollutants removal, small footprint, and acceptable operating cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjie Qin
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Chuanting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Urban Construction Design and Research Institute, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Siqi Yu
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Hongjian Pang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Jiaming Guo
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Jun Wei
- Huadong Engineering Corporation, Hangzhou, 311122, China
| | - Libing Wang
- Huadong Engineering Corporation, Hangzhou, 311122, China
| | - Yunxin Xing
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Ying An
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Antil M, Singh S, Bhagat M, Vilvas V, Sundaramurthy S. Column optimization of adsorption and evaluation of bed parameters-based on removal of arsenite ion using rice husk. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:72279-72293. [PMID: 35619006 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20580-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study deals with column optimization of adsorption-based on removal of arsenite ion using rice husk. The parameters affecting the column adsorption study, i.e., influent-concentration, bed depth, and flow rate, were optimized. The range of parameters, i.e., influent-concentration (15-50 mg/L), flow rate (20, 35, 45, and 60 mL/min), and bed depth (15-60 mm), were studied experimentally. Kinetics models Bohart-Adams and Hutchins were studied to measure the amount adsorbed, depth of mass transfer zone, saturated concentration, and time observed at 10% & 90% breakthrough. The percentage amount adsorbed qm enhanced with enhancement in bed depth but got reduced with influent ions concentration and volumetric flow rate. Established model Bohart-Adams and Hutchins equations were used for calculation of mass transfer zone which came out to be 51 mm. An adsorption capacity (qm) of 4.5 mg/g for arsenite ions was achieved at optimum parameter values of 60 mm of bed depth, 20 mL/min volumetric flow rate, and 50 mg/L of influent ions concentration. The adsorption bed parameters were also evaluated using Hutchins and Michaels equations. The column study proved rice husk to be a potential adsorbent for the adsorption of arsenite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Antil
- Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, 131039, Sonipat, India
| | - Surinder Singh
- Dr. S. S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Mamta Bhagat
- Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, 131039, Sonipat, India
| | - Vishal Vilvas
- Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, 131039, Sonipat, India
| | - Suresh Sundaramurthy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology , Bhopal, 462 003, Madhya Pradesh, India
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11
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Tang Y, Li M, Zhou J, Liao X, Shi B. Polyethyleneimine/hydrated titanium oxide-functionalized fibrous adsorbent for removing cobalt: Adsorption performance and irradiation stability. Environ Res 2022; 211:112916. [PMID: 35231457 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Radionuclides of 60Co often encountered in the fields of radiation therapy, medical preparation, and equipment sterilization, which have been considered fatal. Therefore, developing efficient and irradiation-stable adsorbents for the removal of 60Co in wastewater is urgently needed. An irradiation-stable fibrous adsorbent was fabricated through the surface functionalization of collagen fibers (CFs) by polyethyleneimine (PEI) and hydrated titanium oxide (TiO) (PEI-TiO-CFs). PEI-TiO-CFs, including their adsorption performance and irradiation stability, were systematically investigated. Results showed that PEI-TiO-CFs exhibit a maximum adsorption capacity of 0.5575 mmol g-1. In addition, the adsorption capacity of PEI-TiO-CFs only demonstrated a slight decrease in the selectivity investigation of Co2+ mixed with another coexisting ion, such as Na+, K+, and NO3-, Cl-. Furthermore, breakthrough point of PEI-TiO-CFs in column is high at 80 BV (bed volume) and the PEI-TiO-CF column can be mostly regenerated using 12 BV of Na2EDTA solution. Excellent irradiation stability of PEI-TiO-CFs was confirmed by the maintained morphology and adsorption capacity after irradiation at 350 kGy of 60Co γ-ray. Results indicated that PEI-TiO-CFs are an effective adsorbent for radioactive cobalt removal from aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Department of Biomass Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Meifeng Li
- Department of Biomass Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jibo Zhou
- Department of Biomass Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xuepin Liao
- Department of Biomass Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Bi Shi
- Department of Biomass Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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12
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Feizi F, Sarmah AK, Rangsivek R, Gobindlal K. Adsorptive removal of propranolol under fixed-bed column using magnetic tyre char: Effects of wastewater effluent organic matter and ball milling. Environ Pollut 2022; 305:119283. [PMID: 35421549 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the competitive effects of different fractions of wastewater treatment plant effluent organic matter (EfOM) on adsorption of an organic micro pollutant (OMP), propranolol (PRO), in a fixed bed column packed with magnetic tyre char (MTC). The results showed that the presence of EfOM inhibited PRO adsorption in wastewater leading to decreased PRO adsorption capacity from 5.86 to 2.03 mg/g due to competitive effects and pore blockage by smaller EfOM fractions. Characterization of EfOM using size exclusion chromatography (LC-OCD) showed that the principal factor controlling EfOM adsorption was pore size distribution. Low molecular weight neutrals had the highest adsorption onto MTC while humic substances were the least interfering fraction. Effect of important parameters such as contact time, linear velocity and bed height/diameter ratio on MTC performance was studied in large-lab scale columns. Linear velocity and contact time were found to be effective in increasing adsorption capacity of PRO on MTC and delaying breakthrough time. Increase in linear velocity from 0.64 cm/min to 1.29 cm/min increased mass transfer and dispersion, resulting in considerable rise of adsorbed amount (5.86 mg/g to 22.58 mg/g) and increase in breakthrough time (15.8-62.7 h). Efficiency of non-equilibrium Hydrus model considering dispersion and mass transfer mechanism was demonstrated for real wastewater and scale up purposes. Ball milling for degradation of adsorbed PRO and regeneration of MTC resulted in 79% degradation of PRO was achieved after 5 h milling (550 rpm), while the addition of quartz sand increased the efficiency to 92%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Feizi
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ajit K Sarmah
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Ropru Rangsivek
- Watercare Services Limited, 73 Remuera Road, Remuera, Auckland, 1050, New Zealand
| | - Kapish Gobindlal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, The Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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13
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Carneiro MA, Pintor AMA, Boaventura RAR, Botelho CMS. Efficient removal of arsenic from aqueous solution by continuous adsorption onto iron-coated cork granulates. J Hazard Mater 2022; 432:128657. [PMID: 35306409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The search for low-cost technologies for arsenic removal from water is in high demand due to its human toxicity, even at low concentrations. Adsorption can be a cost-effective water treatment technique if applied with inexpensive materials. Arsenic continuous removal by adsorption onto an alternative modified biosorbent, iron-coated cork granulates (ICG), was investigated in this work. Results showed that most experimental parameters of breakthrough curves (BTC) depend on flow rate, bed height, pH, and initial arsenic concentration. The temperature did not significantly affect arsenate removal in continuous mode; however, the adsorption capacity was affected in batch mode. The thermodynamic parameters suggest that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic. The maximum adsorption capacity of ICG for As(V) removal at pH 3 was 4.2 ± 0.3 mg g-1, calculated by Yan model fit (R2 = 0.981), and for As(III) at pH 9 was 1.6 ± 0.2 mg g-1 (R2 = 0.994). ICG were able to treat As(V) from 100 µg L-1 to under 10 µg L-1 and 50 µg L-1 for 895 and 1633 bed volumes, and As(III) for 569 and 861 bed volumes, respectively, both at pH 7. The application of ICG in arsenic oxyanions remediation was found to be effective under various conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko A Carneiro
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ariana M A Pintor
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rui A R Boaventura
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cidália M S Botelho
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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14
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Bai S, Li J, Ding W, Chen S, Ya R. Removal of boron by a modified resin in fixed bed column: Breakthrough curve analysis using dynamic adsorption models and artificial neural network model. Chemosphere 2022; 296:134021. [PMID: 35189189 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Continuous removal of toxic element boron from aqueous solution was investigated with new phenolic hydroxyl modified resin (T-resin) using a fixed bed column reactor operated under various flow rates, bed height and influent concentrations. The breakthrough time, exhaustion time and uptake capacity of the column bed increased with increasing column bed height, whereas decreased with increasing influent flow rate. The breakthrough time and exhaustion time decreased, but uptake capacity increased with increasing influent concentration, and actual uptake capacity was obtained as 6.52 mg/g at a concentration of 7.64 mg/L. The three conventional models of bed depth service time (BDST), Thomas and Yoon-Nelson were used to appropriately predict the whole breakthrough behavior of the column and to estimate the characteristic model parameters for boron removal. However, artificial neural network (ANN) model was more accurate than the conventional models with the least relative error and the highest correlation coefficients. By the relative importance of the operational parameters obtained from ANN model, the sequence is as follows: total effluent time > initial concentration > flow rate > column height. The adsorption capacity of boron was changed between 5.24 and 1.74 mg/g during the five time regeneration. From the life factor calculation, it is suggested that the column bed could avoid the breakthrough time of t = 0 for 6.8 cycles, whereas, the uptake capacity would be zero after 7.8 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Bai
- Green Intelligence Environmental School, Yangtze Normal University, No. 16 Juxian Road, Fuling, Chongqing, 408100, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, No. 235 West University Road, Saihan, Hohhot, 010021, China.
| | - Jiaxin Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, No. 235 West University Road, Saihan, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Wei Ding
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shuxuan Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, No. 235 West University Road, Saihan, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Ru Ya
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, No. 235 West University Road, Saihan, Hohhot, 010021, China
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15
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Hussein FB, Mayer BK. Fixed-bed column study of phosphate adsorption using immobilized phosphate-binding protein. Chemosphere 2022; 295:133908. [PMID: 35143858 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bio-adsorption using high-affinity phosphate-binding proteins (PBP) has demonstrated effective phosphorus removal and recovery in batch-scale tests. Subsequent optimization of design and performance of fixed-bed column systems is essential for scaling up and implementation. Here, continuous-flow fixed-bed column tests were used to investigate the adsorption of inorganic phosphate (orthophosphate, Pi) using phosphate-binding proteins immobilized on resin (PBP-NHS) targeting Pi removal to ultra-low levels followed by recovery. Time to breakthrough decreased with higher influent Pi concentration, smaller bed volume, and higher influent flow rates. The Thomas and Yoon-Nelson breakthrough models adequately described PBP-NHS resin performance with a correlation coefficient of R2 > 0.95. The sharp S-shape of the breakthrough curves for both Pi-only solution and multi-ion solution indicated highly favorable and selective separation of Pi using PBP-NHS resin, beyond that achieved using LayneRT™, a commercial ion exchange resin. The Pi adsorption capacity of the PBP-NHS column was unaffected by competing anions, whereas capacity of the LayneRT™ column dropped by 20%. Tertiary wastewater effluent was also successfully treated in PBP-NHS column tests with a typical S-shaped breakthrough curve. Operating the fixed-bed column in multi-cycle mode evidenced the reusability of PBP-NHS resin with no significant decline in column performance. The results of this study contribute to efforts to scale up designs of PBP-NHS adsorption systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten B Hussein
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Marquette University, 1637 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA
| | - Brooke K Mayer
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Marquette University, 1637 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA.
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16
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Thangagiri B, Sakthivel A, Jeyasubramanian K, Seenivasan S, Dhaveethu Raja J, Yun K. Removal of hexavalent chromium by biochar derived from Azadirachta indica leaves: Batch and column studies. Chemosphere 2022; 286:131598. [PMID: 34325269 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This report details the preparation, characterization, and applications of an inexpensive adsorbent obtained from Azadirachta indica leaves (Neem biochar (NBC)) and used to remove Cr(VI) from the synthetic waste water. The obtained NBC was characterized by XRD, FTIR, FESEM, EDX and Zeta potential measurements. Adsorption experiments conducted at various pH levels confirmed that 58.54 mg g-1 of Cr(VI) was removed by NBC at pH 2. Experiments conducted at various temperatures revealed that the Cr(VI) adsorption on NBC fits the Langmuir-type adsorption isotherm. A fixed-bed column study was conducted to obtain breakthrough curve for the adsorption process, which confirmed that the NBC usage rate was 4.63 g/L. Cr(VI)NBC was reactivated by NaOH treatment, and the reactivated NBC was used as a sorbent to remove fresh Cr(VI) from the synthetic waste water repeatedly. A cost analysis was also performed for the Cr(VI) removal confirmed that the process was less expensive.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Thangagiri
- Department of Chemistry, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, 626005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Sakthivel
- Department of Chemistry, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, 626005, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - K Jeyasubramanian
- Department of Chemistry, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, 626005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Seenivasan
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409-1163, USA
| | - J Dhaveethu Raja
- Department of Chemistry, The American College, Madurai, 625 005, India
| | - Kyusik Yun
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Kumar V, Leweke S, Heymann W, von Lieres E, Schlegel F, Westerberg K, Lenhoff AM. Robust mechanistic modeling of protein ion-exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1660:462669. [PMID: 34800897 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic models for ion-exchange chromatography of proteins are well-established and a broad consensus exists on most aspects of the detailed mathematical and physical description. A variety of specializations of these models can typically capture the general locations of elution peaks, but discrepancies are often observed in peak position and shape, especially if the column load level is in the non-linear range. These discrepancies may prevent the use of models for high-fidelity predictive applications such as process characterization and development of high-purity and -productivity process steps. Our objective is to develop a sufficiently robust mechanistic framework to make both conventional and anomalous phenomena more readily predictable using model parameters that can be evaluated based on independent measurements or well-accepted correlations. This work demonstrates the implementation of this approach for industry-relevant case studies using both a model protein, lysozyme, and biopharmaceutical product monoclonal antibodies, using cation-exchange resins with a variety of architectures (SP Sepharose FF, Fractogel EMD SO3-, Capto S and Toyopearl SP650M). The modeling employs the general rate model with the extension of the surface diffusivity to be variable, as a function of ionic strength or binding affinity. A colloidal isotherm that accounts for protein-surface and protein-protein interactions independently was used, with each characterized by a parameter determined as a function of ionic strength and pH. Both of these isotherm parameters, along with the variable surface diffusivity, were successfully estimated using breakthrough data at different ionic strengths and pH. The model developed was used to predict overloads and elution curves with high accuracy for a wide variety of gradients and different flow rates and protein loads. The in-silico methodology used in this work for parameter estimation, along with a minimal amount of experimental data, can help the industry adopt model-based optimization and control of preparative ion-exchange chromatography with high accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijesh Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Samuel Leweke
- IBG-1: Biotechnology Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - William Heymann
- IBG-1: Biotechnology Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany; Amgen Process Development, One Kendall Square, 360 Binney St., Cambridge, MA 02141, United States
| | - Eric von Lieres
- IBG-1: Biotechnology Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Fabrice Schlegel
- Amgen Process Development, One Kendall Square, 360 Binney St., Cambridge, MA 02141, United States
| | - Karin Westerberg
- Amgen Process Development, One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360, United States
| | - Abraham M Lenhoff
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States.
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18
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Juela D, Vera M, Cruzat C, Alvarez X, Vanegas E. Mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of sulfamethoxazole adsorption onto sugarcane bagasse in a fixed-bed column. Chemosphere 2021; 280:130687. [PMID: 33964744 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Having rigorous mathematical models is essential for the design and scaling of adsorption columns. In this study, the dynamic behavior of the sulfamethoxazole adsorption on sugarcane bagasse was studied and compared using analytical models and a theoretical mechanistic model. Initially, fixed-bed column tests were carried out at different flow rates and bed heights. Then, the experimental data were fitted with the most widely used analytical kinetic models, and their fit and fixed-bed parameters were compared with the mechanistic model. Of all analytical models analyzed, the Log-Gompertz model was the one that had the best agreed with experimental data. Although some analytical models fitted the experimental data accurately, their usefulness was questionable. Their parameters did not show a clear relationship with the change in operating conditions, and in certain cases had different behavior from that observed in experimentation. Conversely, the mechanistic model not only predicted the breakthrough curves with great accuracy in the initial and transition stage (R2 > 0.92; SSE < 0.06), but it also estimated relevant parameters. Additionally, the effects of the global mass transfer coefficient (Ki) and the axial dispersion coefficient (Dz) on breakthrough curves were studied using the mechanistic model. Increasing Ki increased the slope of the breakthrough curves with a faster adsorption rate. Similarly, high values of Dz produced lower adsorption capacities of the adsorbent; and it was established that the axial dispersion is relevant in SMX adsorption on SB. The theoretical model presented can be used for the design, scaling, and optimization of adsorption columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Juela
- Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Cuenca, 010203, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Mayra Vera
- Center for Environmental Studies, Department of Applied Chemistry and Production Systems, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Cuenca, 010203, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Christian Cruzat
- Center for Environmental Studies, Department of Applied Chemistry and Production Systems, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Cuenca, 010203, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Ximena Alvarez
- Center for Environmental Studies, Department of Applied Chemistry and Production Systems, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Cuenca, 010203, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Eulalia Vanegas
- Center for Environmental Studies, Department of Applied Chemistry and Production Systems, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Cuenca, 010203, Cuenca, Ecuador.
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19
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Feizi F, Sarmah AK, Rangsivek R. Adsorption of pharmaceuticals in a fixed-bed column using tyre-based activated carbon: Experimental investigations and numerical modelling. J Hazard Mater 2021; 417:126010. [PMID: 34004583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic tyre char (MTC), activated tyre char (ATC) and commercial activated carbon (CAC) were used as packing materials in lab-scale column study for the adsorption of three pharmaceuticals: propranolol (PRO), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and clomipramine (CLO), from aqueous solution. The obtained breakthrough curves (BTCs) suggest that, lower flow rate, greater bed height, higher pH and nano particle size led to increased adsorption of PRO. The lowest adsorption capacity was observed for CIP either from single or ternary solution while it was significantly higher for CLO. Surface area of ATC increased nearly twelve-fold (38.17 to 453.81 m2/g), after thermal and chemical activation and adsorption capacity was comparable to commercial activated carbon. The suitability of Hydrus-1D model incorporating chemical non-equilibrium process to simulate the pharmaceutical transport and fit experimental BTCs was demonstrated (97.29 <R2 <99.22) in comparison to other common models (Adams-Bohart, Thomas and Yoon-Nelson). The modelling suggests the existence of non-equilibrium conditions and rate-limited sorption sites and the effect of dispersion and mass transfer mechanisms in the solute transport under dynamic conditions. The cost analysis showed that unit cost for treatment of wastewater using fixed-bed columns of tyre char was calculated to be 1.57 US$/m3 which can be deemed as commercially feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Feizi
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ajit K Sarmah
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Ropru Rangsivek
- Watercare Services Limited, 73 Remuera Road, Remuera, Auckland 1050, New Zealand
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20
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Soleimanpour A, Farsi M, Keshavarz P, Zeinali S. Modification of activated carbon by MIL-53(Al) MOF to develop a composite framework adsorbent for CO 2 capturing. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:37929-37939. [PMID: 33723772 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13382-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this research, a novel composite is synthesized based on activated carbon and MIL-53(Al) through the solution mixing method at different MOF weight fractions, and the CO2 loading of prepared samples are measured in the batch and continuous apparatus. The structure, crystallinity, surface area, and chemical functionality of activated carbon, MIL-53(Al), and developed composite are characterized through BET, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The CO2 and N2 adsorption capacity of activated carbon, MIL-53(Al), and composites are examined in an isothermal batch reactor at the pressure range 0-110 kPa and equilibrium temperature 305 K. The adsorption isotherm of CO2 is correlated by the Langmuir and Toth models. Besides, the performance of composite is compared with MIL-53(Al) and activated carbon in a continuous packed bed at flow rate range 15-25 ml min-1 and temperature 32 °C, and the breakthrough curves are developed. The results show that increasing MOF content in the composite increases CO2 adsorption capacity, so the CO2 loading of synthesized composite containing 10%, 20%, and 30% MOF is 1.608, 1.704, and 1.792 mmol gr-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Soleimanpour
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farsi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Peyman Keshavarz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sedighe Zeinali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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21
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Jing F, Chen C, Chen X, Liu W, Wen X, Hu S. Cadmium transport in red paddy soils amended with wheat straw biochar. Environ Monit Assess 2021; 193:381. [PMID: 34085125 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09162-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) can be leached from soil into the groundwater and exhibit its adverse effect on the health of animals and humans. While previous studies have studied the process of Cd transport in water-saturated sand columns, literature regarding Cd transport in soil is scarce. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the transport of Cd in soil columns and biochar application rate effects on the mobility and distribution of Cd in soil. The red paddy soil was collected from the paddy of Changsha County, Hunan Province in southern China. Batch sorption and column experiments were conducted to study the adsorption isotherms of Cd2+ and its mobility at different biochar application rate treatments (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2%) referenced here as A0, A10, A20, A30, and A40, respectively. The Cd concentration of in effluent samples and digestion solutions was measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). After finishing the column experiment, columns were dissected into five layers (1-cm segments), the Cd fractions in soil were performed by the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR). The amount of Cd sorption among treatments decreased in the order of A40 > A30 > A20 > A10 > A0, and the Langmuir model was more suitable to study the Cd2+ adsorption on biochar-amended soil than Freundlich model. Breakthrough curves showed that increasing biochar application rate increased the initial breakthrough time, whereas the pore-water velocity and dispersion coefficient were 81.0 and 99.8% lower in the A40 treatments than in the A0 treatments, respectively. Increasing biochar application rate enhanced the pH but reduced redox potential (Eh) in the most of effluents. Compared with A0, the concentration of Cd retained in soil columns increased by 86.6% in the A40 treatments. However, BCR sequential extractions showed that biochar addition in A40 treatments increased the acid soluble fraction but reduced the reducible fraction. In A40 treatments, compared with the 0-1-cm soil layer, the relative Cd concentration (N/Ni) in the 1-2-, 2-3-, 3-4-, and 4-5-cm soil layers increased by 5.4, 10.9, 14.3, and 21.9%, respectively. Biochar application in A40 treatments showed strong capacity for retarding Cd transport in soil, while the potential mobility of Cd in soil should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jing
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Chen
- College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Shimin Hu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
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22
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Sepehrnia N, Tabatabaei SH, Norouzi H, Gorakifard M, Shirani H, Rezanezhad F. Particle fractionation controls Escherichia coli release from solid manure. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07038. [PMID: 34095566 PMCID: PMC8167222 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria transport through soil is a complex process particularly when the cells are released from solid manures and co-transported with particles. This study focuses on understanding of the Escherichia coli release from different particle fractions (0.25-, 0.5-, 1-, and 2-mm) of solid manure and evaluating different influent boundary conditions during cell release from manure and when a solid manure is applied to the soil. The 0.25-mm and 2-mm particle sizes resulted a greater cell release compared to 0.5-mm and 1-mm fractions (p < 0.05). The shape and magnitude of the cell release curves (CRCs) from the original manure bulk were mainly influenced by the two 0.25-mm and 2-mm fractions, respectively. The arithmetic mean for normalizing the CRCs and the time variable- based normalized CRCs for the manure-treated soil were the robust variables in evaluation of the experimental data. However, a single maximum bacteria concentration could provide the realistic dataset for the modeling process. Evaluation of the root-mean-squared-error and Akaike criterion showed that the two- and three-parametric models are recommended for simulating the cell release from solid manure in comparison with one parametric models. This study also suggests considering separate microbial release evaluations, with regards to influent concentration, for manure and manure-treated soils to propose best management practices for controlling bacteria pollution. Further research will reveal the key roles of different woody components and soluble material ratios for the various solid manures in bacteria release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrollah Sepehrnia
- Institute of Soil Science, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sayyed-Hassan Tabatabaei
- Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hamdollah Norouzi
- Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohsen Gorakifard
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Spain
| | - Hossein Shirani
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Rezanezhad
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
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23
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Huang T, Song D, Chen X, Cao J, Jin JX, Liu W, Zhang SW, Liu LF, Yang CH, Zhou L, Xu J. A green rust-coated expanded perlite particle electrode-based adsorption coupling with the three-dimensional electrokinetics that enhances hexavalent chromium removal. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 213:112003. [PMID: 33588188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A green rust-coated expanded perlite (GR-coated Exp-p) microelectrode was synthesized and incorporated into a column-mode three-dimensional electrokinetic (3D-EK) platform to effectively pursue a continuous Cr(VI) removal from the aqueous solution. Brucite-like layers of GR were decorated onto the Exp-p material. The molar ratio of Fe(II) to Fe(III) played a most vital role among the three synthesis factors in influencing the performance of the particle electrode. For the equilibrium adsorption experiments, the target maximum adsorption capacity of 122 mg/g was predicted by a target optimizer and desirability function at the conditions following the pH of 4.7, the initial concentration of 172.4 mg/L, the dosage of 0.28 g/L, and the temperature of 28.96 °C, respectively. SO42-, Cl-, and NO3- fiercely competed with Cr(VI) anions in the acidic conditions for the locally positive sites. A low concentration and a slow flow were favored in the column-mode 3D-EK platform. The pseudo-first-order and Langmuir models were suitable for describing the kinetics and isotherms of the adsorption process, respectively. Cr(VI) anions were electrostatically attracted to the silanol groups and GR surface of the adsorbent, subsequently reduced in both heterogeneity and homogeneity, and finally immobilized by coordinating with silanediol groups and silanetriol groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu 215500, China; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China; School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Dongping Song
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Xiangping Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Jun Cao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Jun-Xun Jin
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Wanhui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu 215500, China; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Shu-Wen Zhang
- Nuclear Resources Engineering College, University of South China, 421001, China
| | - Long-Fei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu 215500, China; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Chun-Hai Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu 215500, China; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Lulu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, No. 99, South 3rd Ring Road, Changshu 215500, China
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24
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Tang Y, Zhou J, Guo J, Liao X, Shi B. Irradiation-stable hydrous titanium oxide-immobilized collagen fibers for uranium removal from radioactive wastewater. J Environ Manage 2021; 283:112001. [PMID: 33497887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Developing efficient adsorbents with radiation stability for uranium removal from nuclear wastewater is greatly important for resource sustainability and environmental safety in manufacturing nuclear fuel. A novel adsorbent of hydrous titanium oxide-immobilized collagen fibers (HTO/CFs) with good radiation stability for UO22+ removal was developed. Results showed that the adsorption capacity of HTO/CFs for UO22+ was 1.379 mmol g-1 at 303 K and pH 5.0 when the initial concentration of UO22+ was 2.5 mmol L-1. Moreover, HTO/CFs showed high selectivity for U(VI) in bilateral mixed solution including UO22+ with another coexisting ion, such as Cl-, NO3-, Zn2+, and Mg2+. The adsorption behavior of UO22+ from radioactive wastewater on HTO/CF column was also investigated, and the breakthrough point was approximately 250 BV (bed volume). Notably, the HTO/CFs column can be rapidly regenerated by using only 4.0 BV of 0.1 mol L-1 HNO3 solution. The regenerated HTO/CFs column exhibited slight change in the breakthrough curve, suggesting its excellent reapplication ability. Furthermore, after irradiation under 60Co γ-ray at total doses of 10-350 kGy, HTO/CFs still preserved fibrous morphology and adsorption capacity, indicating significant radiation stability. These results demonstrate that HTO/CFs are industrial scalable adsorbents for the adsorptive recovery of uranium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Department of Biomass Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jibo Zhou
- Department of Biomass Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Junling Guo
- Department of Biomass Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xuepin Liao
- Department of Biomass Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Bi Shi
- Department of Biomass Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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25
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Danish M, Ansari KB, Aftab RA, Danish M, Zaidi S, Trinh QT. gPROMS-driven modeling and simulation of fixed bed adsorption of heavy metals on a biosorbent: benchmarking and case study. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 30:10.1007/s11356-021-13207-y. [PMID: 33674977 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Adsorptive separation of heavy metals from wastewater is a viable approach to reuse it and avoid environmental pollution. The productive employment of adsorptive separation at a commercial scale, however, relies on the optimized conditions of an adsorber bed holding maximum and selective isolation of the heavy metals. The experimental route includes a significant trial and error approach, is time-consuming, involves operating cost, and remains economically unattractive. Contrarily, simulation of a mathematical model mimicking the adsorption system along with experimental validation can significantly minimize optimization efforts and suggests the best conditions of separation. In this work, a convective-dispersive model and adsorption model for fixed bed adsorption of copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), and cadmium (Cd) metals over wheat bran biosorbent are simulated using the gPROMS tool for benchmarking. The influence of feed flow rate, bed height, and metal concentration is studied, and breakthrough profiles of all heavy metals are predicted and matched with the literature. The error values (R2 and RMSE) and Chi-squared values determined from gPROMS simulations matched well with the previously available MATLAB-simulated data. After a successful benchmarking, we modeled pilot-scale adsorption of Cr on coconut coir (or Biosorbent) in a gPROMS simulation environment. A detailed method and algorithm of gPROMS simulation for Cr isolation is provided. The influence of feed flow rate, bed height, and initial metal concentration is studied on the breakthrough curves of the Cr. The optimum operating condition for the pilot-scale isolation of Cr from the water is suggested. The parameters, such as the axial dispersion coefficient and distribution coefficient, are determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Danish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202001, India
| | - Khursheed B Ansari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202001, India
| | - Rameez Ahmad Aftab
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202001, India
- Department of Post Harvest Engineering and Technology, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202001, India
| | - Mohammad Danish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202001, India.
| | - Sadaf Zaidi
- Department of Post Harvest Engineering and Technology, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202001, India
| | - Quang Thang Trinh
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Danang, 550000, Vietnam
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26
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Jain P, Sahoo K, Mahiya L, Ojha H, Trivedi H, Parmar AS, Kumar M. Color removal from model dye effluent using PVA-GA hydrogel beads. J Environ Manage 2021; 281:111797. [PMID: 33387737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A low cost polyvinyl alcohol-glutaraldehyde cross-linked hydrogel beads were prepared and used for color removal from model industrial effluent containing Congo Red dye, using adsorption technique. The adsorption studies were performed using batch and fixed-bed reactor. Developed adsorbent, achieved adsorption capacity as high as ~34 mg of dye per gram of bead (condition: pH 6 and 45 °C). These beads were re-used for 7 times (many more runs possible) to remove the color from model dye effluent, without much loss in removal efficiency. Batch studies revealed a multi-layer adsorption governed by Harkins Jura model. Whereas the adsorption kinetics followed fractal like pseudo second order model, controlled by intraparticle diffusion phenomena. The fixed bed studies revealed steeper break through curves during adsorption operation when high dye influent rates and low bed height were used. This behaviour by the fixed bed reactor was best explained by the Thomas mathematical model. Studies further demonstrated that an external and internal mass diffusion become no more rate limiting during these experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prarabdh Jain
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - Kedar Sahoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - Lenin Mahiya
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - Harsh Ojha
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, India
| | | | | | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, India.
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27
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Ramazanpour Esfahani A, Batelaan O, Hutson JL, Fallowfield HJ. Transport and retention of graphene oxide nanoparticles in sandy and carbonaceous aquifer sediments: Effect of physicochemical factors and natural biofilm. J Environ Manage 2021; 278:111419. [PMID: 33126193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is a paucity of information regarding the interaction between GONPs and natural aquifer sediments. Therefore, batch and column experiments were carried out to determine the transport, retention and attachment behavior of GONPs with the surfaces of native aquifer sediments. The experiments were performed with sediments comprising contrasting mineralogical features (sand grains, quartz and limestone sediments), at different temperatures, ionic strength and compositions. Uniquely, this research also investigated the effect of natural biofilm on the retention behavior of nanoparticles in porous media. The retention rate of GONPs at 22 °C was higher than at 4 °C. Moreover, there was greater retention of GONPs onto the surfaces of collectors at higher ionic strengths and cation valence. The retention profiles (RPs) of GONPs in pristine porous media at low ionic strength were linear, which contrasted with hyper-exponential shape of RPs at high ionic strength. The size-distribution analysis of retained GONPs showed decreasing particle diameter with increasing distance from the column inlet at high ionic strength and equal diameter at low ionic strengths. The GONP retention rate was higher for natural porous media than for sand, due to the presence of metal oxides heterogeneities. The presence of biofilm on porous media increased the retention rate of GONPs when compared to the porous media in the absence of biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Ramazanpour Esfahani
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training, SA, 5001, Australia.
| | - Okke Batelaan
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - John L Hutson
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Howard J Fallowfield
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training, SA, 5001, Australia
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28
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Chen Q, Liu F, Mo J. Vertical macro-channel modification of a flexible adsorption board with in-situ thermal regeneration for indoor gas purification to increase effective adsorption capacity. Environ Res 2021; 192:110218. [PMID: 32980308 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption has been used widely to remove indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, the large diffusion resistance inside traditional granular adsorbents renders a low VOC adsorption rate. This study proposes a modified method to achieve the rapid diffusion into the adsorbent during the initial adsorption period. A thin and flexible adsorption board with a layer of adsorbent coated on a heating film was prepared for in-situ adsorption and regeneration. Then, regular, vertical macro-channels through the adsorption board were fabricated by laser drilling to enhance mass transfer inside the board. Experimental results demonstrated that after modification, the penetration times for formaldehyde and xylene extended from 3.8 to 6.2 h, and from 62 to 99 h, respectively. The effective adsorption capacity of the modified board had increased by a multiple of two for formaldehyde and 1.8 for xylene. A mathematical model was developed and experimentally validated to evaluate the modification effect for more adsorbent-pollutant pairs. The results showed that the amplification of effective adsorption capacity was positively correlated with the Da/(K·De) parameter; this is the diffusion resistance ratio prior to and following the modification. A spectrogram of adsorbent-pollutant pairs was plotted to guide the modification. This simple macro-channel modification of the adsorption board may be used as an alternative design for adsorption applications in indoor air purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Chen
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jinhan Mo
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Beijing, 100084, China.
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29
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Qi J, Wei G, Sun X, Wang L, Li J. Enhanced removal for H 2S by Cu-ordered mesoporous carbon foam. J Hazard Mater 2020; 396:122710. [PMID: 32334291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It is of great significance to protect workers from Sulphur compounds in efficient ways during the regular overhaul or emergency management. Efficient adsorbent with low pressure drop is highly desired in protective equipment. In this work, Cu-ordered mesoporous carbon foams (MeCF) were prepared through the sol-gel casting and wet-impregnation process. The obtained carbon foams possessed typical sponge structure with high porosity and copper particles attached on the skeleton. The characterization on morphology, structure and property illustrated that the presence of mesopores could effectively inhibit the growth of copper particle on MeCF. As the representative of Sulphur compounds, H2S was selected to evaluate the protective performance. Porous copper carbon foams with moderate loading rate (3%) of copper species exhibited longest breakthrough time and largest adsorption capacity. Compared with the microporous foams, MeCF-3 displayed promoted protective performance with breakthrough time of 54.7 min and adsorption capacity of 27.8 mg/g. The enhancement on capabilities was attributed to small-sized copper species with high activity and better dispersion on mesoporous structure. These results reveled that MeCF with sponge frameworks, developed mesoporous structure and high dispersion of active species would be a promising candidate for the elimination of H2S in personal protective equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwen Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Guoping Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Xiuyun Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Lianjun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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30
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Futalan CM, Yang JH, Phatai P, Chen IP, Wan MW. Fixed-bed adsorption of copper from aqueous media using chitosan-coated bentonite, chitosan-coated sand, and chitosan-coated kaolinite. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:24659-24670. [PMID: 31410834 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06083-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fixed-bed studies were performed to evaluate the removal efficiency of copper (Cu(II)) from aqueous solution using chitosan-coated bentonite (CCB), chitosan-coated sand (CCS), and chitosan-coated kaolinite (CCK). The thermal and morphological properties of CCB, CCK, and CCS were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. Dynamic experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of solution pH (3.0 to 5.0) and initial Cu(II) concentration (200 to 1000 mg/L) on the time to reach breakthrough (tb), total volume of treated effluent (Veff), and adsorption capacity at breakthrough (qb). Results show that increasing the initial Cu(II) concentration inhibits the column performance where lower Veff, tb, and qb were obtained. Decreasing the pH from 5.0 to 3.0 led to improved removal efficiency with higher values of Veff, tb, and qb. Under pH 3.0 and 200 mg/L, the maximum removal efficiency of 68.60%, 56.10%, and 58.90% for Cu(II) was attained using CCB, CCS, and CCK, respectively. The Thomas model was determined to adequately predict the breakthrough curves based on high values of coefficient of determination (R2 ≥ 0.8503). Regeneration studies were carried out using 0.1 M HCl and 0.1 M NaOH solution in the saturated column of CCB, CCK, and CCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cybelle M Futalan
- National Research Center for Disaster-Free and Safe Ocean City, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hung Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, 71710, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Piaw Phatai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani, 41000, Thailand
| | - I-Pin Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, 71710, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Wei Wan
- Department of Environmental Resources Management, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, 71710, Tainan, Taiwan.
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31
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Ramazanpour Esfahani A, Batelaan O, Hutson JL, Fallowfield HJ. Effect of bacteria and virus on transport and retention of graphene oxide nanoparticles in natural limestone sediments. Chemosphere 2020; 248:125929. [PMID: 32014635 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of co-transport of different-sized microorganisms on graphene oxide nanoparticles (GONPs) transport and retention in saturated pristine and biofilm-conditioned limestone columns. The transport and retention behavior of GONPs was studied in columns in the presence of MS2 -as a nano-sized- and Escherichia coli (E.coli) -as a micro-sized- microorganisms at low and high ionic strength conditions. Results showed no changes in GONPs transport and retention at high ionic strength in the presence of MS2 or E. coli, which was attributed to the effect of high concentration of divalent cation on aggregation of nanoparticles and microorganisms. Furthermore, simultaneous enhanced transport and decreased retention of GONPs in column was observed in the co-presence of microorganisms at low ionic strength. Results revealed that the main mechanism governing increasing GONPs transport in porous media was occupation of reactive surface sites of collectors by microorganisms, which prevented attachment of nanoparticles. The pre-saturation of columns with MS2 and E. coli caused increasing transport of GONPs in the columns, due to the occupation of surface reactive sites. Moreover, conditioning limestone collectors with natural biofilm resulted in the same rates of nanoparticle elution and retention (i.e., in the presence or absence of microorganisms) by straining of GONPs in the inlet end of columns which shows that the biofilm acts as a bio-filter against discharging nanoparticles into the effluents. Finally, from the obtained results, it can be postulated that the presence of microorganisms in a MAR site causes risk of groundwater pollution by toxic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Ramazanpour Esfahani
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training, SA, 5001, Australia.
| | - Okke Batelaan
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - John L Hutson
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Howard J Fallowfield
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training, SA, 5001, Australia
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Berger M, Brillard A, Dorge S, Habermacher D, Nouali H, Kerdoncuff P, Vierling M, Molière M, Patarin J, Brilhac JF. Modeling SO x trapping on a copper-doped CuO/SBA-15 sorbent material. J Hazard Mater 2020; 385:121579. [PMID: 31786027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A mixture of SO2 and air was continuously injected in a fixed bed reactor containing a CuO/SBA-15 sorbent material and submitted to an isothermal temperature between 325 and 400 °C. The SO2 emissions were measured at the exit of the reactor. Different isothermal temperatures, different injected SO2 concentrations and different sorbent masses, all representative of industrial conditions, were tested. The purpose of the paper was to propose efficient global models which simulate the breakthrough curves whatever the experimental conditions. A simplified model was first considered assuming that the oxidation and trapping processes can occur on each copper site. The values of the four kinetic parameters which are involved were determined solving this model using Scilab software and an optimization routine. Because this model failed to reproduce in a satisfying way the breakthrough curves for different sorbent masses, a second model was introduced which involves surface and bulk trapping sites and six kinetic parameters. The breakthrough curves simulated with this second model following the same resolution techniques were in better agreement with the experimental ones, whatever the experimental conditions. For comparison, a simulation of the breakthrough curves returned by a model with bulk diffusion was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Berger
- Université de Haute-Alsace, Laboratoire de Gestion des Risques et Environnement, LGRE (EA 2334), 3bis rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France; Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, 68100 Mulhouse, France; ADEME, 20 avenue du Grésillé, BP 90406, 49004 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Alain Brillard
- Université de Haute-Alsace, Laboratoire de Gestion des Risques et Environnement, LGRE (EA 2334), 3bis rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France.
| | - Sophie Dorge
- Université de Haute-Alsace, Laboratoire de Gestion des Risques et Environnement, LGRE (EA 2334), 3bis rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - David Habermacher
- Université de Haute-Alsace, Laboratoire de Gestion des Risques et Environnement, LGRE (EA 2334), 3bis rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
| | - Habiba Nouali
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, 68100 Mulhouse, France
| | - Pierre Kerdoncuff
- ADEME, 20 avenue du Grésillé, BP 90406, 49004 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | | | - Michel Molière
- Laboratoire LERMPS, UTBM, Site de Sévenans, 90010 Belfort Cedex, France
| | - Joël Patarin
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, 68100 Mulhouse, France
| | - Jean-François Brilhac
- Université de Haute-Alsace, Laboratoire de Gestion des Risques et Environnement, LGRE (EA 2334), 3bis rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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Lei W, Tang X, Zhou X. Quantifying dynamic desorption of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol in loamy farmland soils. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:30782-30793. [PMID: 31444723 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06233-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Reliable estimate of the release of adsorbed pesticide from soil particles is crucial to evaluating the pesticide fate, mobility, efficacy, and remediation. In this study, the dynamics of TCP (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol) desorption, the main degradation product of chlorpyrifos and triclopyr, is explored quantitatively by the breakthrough curve (BTC) experiment with the tracer of Br- in the loamy farmland purple soil sampled from Sichuan Basin of southwestern China. TCP in the outflow originates from two sources: dissolved TCP in pore water and desorbed TCP from soil particles by infiltrating water. The dissolved TCP is considered proportional to the amount of Br- because both TCP and Br- are dissolved in water uniformly. According to the mass balance equation, the desorbed TCP are estimated and the typical patterns of dynamic TCP desorption are revealed. Characteristics of TCP desorption are compared between packed and undisturbed soil columns as well as between different planting types. The dynamics of the proportion of desorbed TCP during the breakthrough process are characterized. In particular, the high heterogeneity of the undisturbed soil may be responsible for the observed fluctuation of desorbed TCP in the outflow. Additionally, the obtained increase-decrease pattern of the desorbed rate of TCP released from the soil shows that most models proposed to simulate the desorption processes are not appropriate, because these models display a monotone decreasing trend, such as the Noyes-Whitney Rule and other release kinetic models (zero order, first order, Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas model, etc.). After a comparison among linear model, Gamma distribution and Weibull distribution, the CDF of gamma distribution is identified as a better method to describe the proportion of desorbed TCP in outflow. Therefore, this study provides an alternative method to measure the dynamic desorption process of TCP in different environment of the purple soil, and their affecting factors are also identified. These results are useful in quantifying the leaching of the TCP in the field, in support of the prevention of agricultural non-point pollution of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Lei
- College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangyu Tang
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xiangyang Zhou
- College of Resource and Environment Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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Jaria G, Calisto V, Silva CP, Gil MV, Otero M, Esteves VI. Fixed-bed performance of a waste-derived granular activated carbon for the removal of micropollutants from municipal wastewater. Sci Total Environ 2019; 683:699-708. [PMID: 31150890 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to assess the fixed-bed adsorptive performance of a primary paper mill sludge-based granular activated carbon (PSA-PA) for the removal of pharmaceuticals, namely carbamazepine (CBZ), sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and paroxetine (PAR), from water. The breakthrough curves corresponding to the adsorption of CBZ at different flow rates and in two different matrices (distilled and municipal wastewater) were firstly determined, which allowed to select the most favorable flow rate for the subsequent experiments. The fixed-bed adsorption of CBZ, SMX and PAR from single and ternary solutions in wastewater showed that the performance of PSA-PA was different for each pharmaceutical. According to the obtained breakthrough curves, the poorest bed adsorption capacity, either from single or ternary solution, was observed for SMX, which may be related with electrostatic repulsion at the pH of the wastewater used (pH ~ 7.3-7.7). Also, the bed adsorption capacity of PSA-PA for SMX, in the ternary solution, was notoriously lower compared to the single solution, while it slightly decreased for CBZ and even increased for PAR. The regeneration studies showed that the CBZ adsorption capacity of the PSA-PA bed decreased about 38 and 71% after the first and the second thermal regeneration stages, respectively. This decline was comparatively larger than the corresponding reduction of the PSA-PA specific surface area (SBET), which decreased only 5 and 25% for the first and second regeneration stages, respectively, and pointed to the lack of viability of more than one regeneration stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilaine Jaria
- Department of Chemistry, CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Department of Chemistry, CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Carla Patrícia Silva
- Department of Chemistry, CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - María Victoria Gil
- Instituto Nacional del Carbón, INCAR-CSIC, Calle Francisco Pintado Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta Otero
- Department of Environment and Planning, CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Department of Chemistry, CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Ulrich U, Lange J, Pfannerstill M, Loose L, Fohrer N. Hydrological tracers, the herbicide metazachlor and its transformation products in a retention pond during transient flow conditions. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:26706-26720. [PMID: 31297708 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05815-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Since decades, surface water bodies have been exposed to pesticides from agriculture. In many places, retention systems are regarded as an important mitigation strategy to lower pesticide pollution. Hence, the processes governing the transport of pesticides in and through a retention system have to be understood to achieve sufficient pesticide attenuation. In this study, the temporal dynamics of metazachlor and its transformation products metazachlor-oxalic acid (OA) and -sulphonic acid (ESA) were observed in an agricultural retention pond and hydrologic tracers helped to understand system-inherent processes. Pesticide measurements were carried out for 80 days after their application during transient flow conditions. During a short-term (3 days) experiment, the tracers bromide, uranine and sulphorhodamine B were used to determine hydraulic conditions, residence times and sorption potential. A long-term experiment with sodium naphthionate (2 months) and isotopes (12 months) provided information about inputs via interflow and surface-groundwater interactions. During transient conditions, high concentration pulses of up to 35 μg L-1 metazachlor, 14.7 μg L-1 OA and 22.5 μg L-1 ESA were quantified that enduringly raised solute concentrations in the pond. Mean residence time in the system accounted for approximately 4 h showing first tracer breakthrough after 5 min and last tracer concentrations 72 h after injection. While input via interflow was confirmed, no evidence for surface-groundwater interaction was found. Different tracers illustrated potentials for sorption and photolytic degradation inside the system. This study shows that high-resolution sampling is essential to obtain robust results about retention efficiency and that hydrological tracers may be used to determine the governing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uta Ulrich
- Institute of Natural Resource Conservation, Kiel University, Olshausenstr. 75, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Jens Lange
- Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Friedrichstraße 39, 79098, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Pfannerstill
- State Agency for Agriculture, The Environment and Rural Areas Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburger Chaussee 25, 24220, Flintbek, Germany
| | - Lukas Loose
- Institute of Natural Resource Conservation, Kiel University, Olshausenstr. 75, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nicola Fohrer
- Institute of Natural Resource Conservation, Kiel University, Olshausenstr. 75, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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McCarter CPR, Rezanezhad F, Gharedaghloo B, Price JS, Van Cappellen P. [Not Available]. J Contam Hydrol 2019; 225:103497. [PMID: 31102982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2019.103497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The dual-porosity structure of peat and the extremely high organic matter content give rise to a complex medium that typically generates prolonged tailing and early 50% concentration breakthrough in the breakthrough curves (BTCs) of chloride (Cl-) and other anions. Untangling whether these observations are due to rate-limited (physical) diffusion into inactive pores, (chemical) adsorption or anion exclusion remains a critical question in peat hydrogeochemistry. This study aimed to elucidate whether Cl- is truly conservative in peat, as usually assumed, and whether the prolonged tailing and early 50% concentration breakthrough of Cl- observed is due to diffusion, adsorption, anion exclusion or a combination of all three. The mobile-immobile (MiM) dual-porosity model was fit to BTCs of Cl- and deuterated water measured on undisturbed cores of the same peat soils, and equilibrium Cl- adsorption batch experiments were conducted. Adsorption of Cl- to undecomposed and decomposed peat samples in batch experiments followed Freundlich isotherms but did not exhibit any trends with the degree of peat decomposition and sorption became negligible below aqueous Cl- concentrations of ~310 mg L-1. The dispersivity determined by fitting the Cl- BTCs whether assuming adsorption or no adsorption were significantly different than determined by the deuterated water (p < .0001). However, no statistical differences in dispersivity (p = .27) or immobile water content (p = .97) was observed between deuterated water and Cl- when accounting for anion exclusion. A higher degree of decomposition significantly increased anion exclusion (p < .0001) but did not influence the diffusion of either tracer into the immobile porosity. Contrary to previous assumptions, Cl- is not truly conservative in peat due to anion exclusion, and adsorption at higher aqueous concentrations, but the overall effect of anion exclusion on transport is likely minimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P R McCarter
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - F Rezanezhad
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - B Gharedaghloo
- Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - J S Price
- Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - P Van Cappellen
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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Bilardi S, Calabrò PS, Moraci N. The removal efficiency and long-term hydraulic behaviour of zero valent iron/lapillus mixtures for the simultaneous removal of Cu 2+, Ni 2+ and Zn 2. Sci Total Environ 2019; 675:490-500. [PMID: 31030155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Granular mixtures composed of zero valent iron (ZVI) and lapillus at two different weight ratios (i.e. 30:70 and 50:50) were tested through column experiments for the simultaneous removal of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ present in aqueous solutions at high concentrations. The results were used to evaluate the feasibility of the above-mentioned granular mixtures as reactive media in permeable reactive barriers (PRB) for the remediation of groundwater polluted by metals. Test results showed that the two granular reactive media efficiently removed the three heavy metals under study according to the following removal sequence Cu > Zn > Ni. The granular mixture with the higher iron content showed a proportionally higher removal rate but also a higher reduction of hydraulic conductivity over time. Different removal mechanisms occurred for the three contaminants in question. Considering that for Ni and Zn the main removal mechanism was probably adsorption, we used different mathematical models, in order to predict the breakthrough curves for the adsorption mechanisms. The Adams-Bohart model showed the best fit with the experimental data and it was thus used to predict the zinc removal front within the barrier thickness. Finally, we showed that the mathematical approach may be used for the design of PRBs for the reactive media and contaminants used in this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Bilardi
- Department of Civil, Energy, Environment and Materials Engineering (DICEAM), Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Paolo Salvatore Calabrò
- Department of Civil, Energy, Environment and Materials Engineering (DICEAM), Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Nicola Moraci
- Department of Civil, Energy, Environment and Materials Engineering (DICEAM), Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy.
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Tsai CK, Doong RA, Hung HY. Sustainable valorization of mesoporous aluminosilicate composite from display panel glasses waste for adsorption of heavy metal ions. Sci Total Environ 2019; 673:337-346. [PMID: 30991323 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The recycling of the huge amount of thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) glass wastes has become one of the worldwide environmental issues. Herein, a novel and cost-effective synthesis method for the fabrication of mesoporous aluminosilicate composite (M-ANC) from the TFT-LCD waste has been developed to serve as the environmentally benign adsorbent for the removal of metal ions including Cu2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+. After melting at 1000 °C in the presence of Na2CO3 for phase separation, nanoparticles with average particle size of 12 nm appear on the surface of M-ANC, and subsequently results in the production of mesoporous structure with a surface area of 175 m2 g-1. The tailored M-ANC shows negatively charged and functional groups, which exhibits an excellent adsorption capacity toward metal ion removal in the pH range of 1.5-7.0. The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+ are determined to be 64.5, 34.0 and 23.1 mg g-1, respectively, at pH 3.5. Moreover, the environmental applicability of M-ANC is evaluated by column experiment in the presence of real electroplating wastewater. M-ANC can effectively remove Ni2+ in the electroplating wastewater with the adsorption capacity of 18.7 mg g-1. Results obtained in this study clearly indicate that M-ANC recycled from TFT-LCD is a novel environmentally friendly adsorbent toward metal ion removal, which can open a gateway to fabricate mesoporous aluminosilicate materials through the recycling of other electronic wastes for real environmental application to remove metal ions and other emerging pollutants in the contaminated water and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kuo Tsai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-An Doong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Huan-Yi Hung
- Department of Chemical Analysis, Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Won J, Wirth X, Burns SE. An experimental study of cotransport of heavy metals with kaolinite colloids. J Hazard Mater 2019; 373:476-482. [PMID: 30947037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cotransport of heavy metals, Pb, Cu and Zn (multi-metal system), and transport of those metals (single-metal system) were investigated by performing laboratory soil column experiment under the presence of kaolinite colloids. Preequilibrated kaolinite colloids with heavy metal solution was injected to the column until 10 pore volumes under two different flow rates and three different concentration of kaolinite colloids. Heavy metal concentration in effluent showed that the mobility of Pb was facilitated as kaolinite colloids concentration (Cc0) increases under high flow rate while the mobility of Pb and Cu were retarded as Cc0 increases under low flow rate. In addition, optimized first order rate coefficient related to sand-heavy metal interaction and estimated bed efficiency of experimental breakthrough curves demonstrated that the presence of mobile kaolinite colloids delayed the adsorption of heavy metals to the sand and facilitated the transport. Colloid associated contaminant transport model used in this study was found to be well fitted to the experimental breakthrough curves with the parameters associated with observed heavy metal transport without kaolinite colloids and adsorption/desorption between the heavy metals and the mobile kaolinite colloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongmuk Won
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 680-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Xenia Wirth
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 790 Atlantic Drive, N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332-0355, United States
| | - Susan E Burns
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 790 Atlantic Drive, N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332-0355, United States
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40
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Ye Y, Jiao J, Kang D, Jiang W, Kang J, Ngo HH, Guo W, Liu Y. The adsorption of phosphate using a magnesia-pullulan composite: kinetics, equilibrium, and column tests. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:13299-13310. [PMID: 30895548 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04858-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A magnesia-pullulan (MgOP) composite has been developed to remove phosphate from a synthetic solution. In the present study, the removal of phosphate by MgOP was evaluated in both a batch and dynamic system. The batch experiments investigated the initial pH effect on the phosphate removal efficiency from pH 3 to 12 and the effect of co-existing anions. In addition, the adsorption isotherms, thermodynamics, and kinetics were also investigated. The results from the batch experiments indicate that MgOP has encouraging performance for the adsorption of phosphate, while the initial pH value (3-12) had a negligible influence on the phosphate removal efficiency. Analysis of the adsorption thermodynamics demonstrated that the phosphate removal process was endothermic and spontaneous. Investigations into the dynamics of the phosphate removal process were carried out using a fixed bed of MgOP, and the resulting breakthrough curves were used to describe the column phosphate adsorption process at various bed masses, volumetric flow rates, influent phosphate concentrations, reaction temperatures, and inlet pH values. The results suggest that the adsorption of phosphate on MgOP was improved using an increased bed mass, while the reaction temperature did not significantly affect the performance of the MgOP bed during the phosphate removal process. Furthermore, higher influent phosphate concentrations were beneficial towards increasing the column adsorption capacity for phosphate. Several mathematic models, including the Adams-Bohart, Wolboska, Yoon-Nelson, and Thomas models, were employed to fit the fixed-bed data. In addition, the effluent concentration of magnesium ions was measured and the regeneration of MgOP investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyao Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Jie Jiao
- Wisdri City Environmental Protection Engineering Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dejun Kang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianxiong Kang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
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41
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Qu J, Song T, Liang J, Bai X, Li Y, Wei Y, Huang S, Dong L, Jin Y. Adsorption of lead (Ⅱ) from aqueous solution by modified Auricularia matrix waste: A fixed-bed column study. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 169:722-729. [PMID: 30502522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Auricularia Matrix Waste (AMW) was modified by sodium hydroxide and immobilized into granular adsorbent with sodium alginate to remove lead ions from aqueous solution through a fixed-bed column. The results of Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) illuminated that immobilization greatly changed the structure, elements, polarity and functional groups of the adsorbent. Amino, hydroxyl, carboxyl groups on the adsorbent actively participated lead(II) adsorption and cation exchange also played an important role in adsorption process. The effects of bed length, flow rate and lead ions concentration determined the breakthrough characteristics and remarkably impacted lead(II) adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of lead(II) was 151.7 mg/g, when the influent bed, bed height and initial concentration were 15 mL/min, 25 mL/min and 150 mg/L, respectively. Thomas model was more suitable than the Bohart-Adams model to describe the performance of lead(II) adsorption onto IMAMW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Qu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tao Song
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jinsong Liang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xin Bai
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yingnan Wei
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Siqi Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Liying Dong
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yu Jin
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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42
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McCarter CPR, Weber TKD, Price JS. Competitive transport processes of chloride, sodium, potassium, and ammonium in fen peat. J Contam Hydrol 2018; 217:17-31. [PMID: 30201556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
There is sparse information on reactive solute transport in peat; yet, with increasing development of peatland dominated landscapes, purposeful and accidental contaminant releases will occur, so it is important to assess their mobility. Previous experiments with peat have only evaluated single-component solutions, such that no information exists on solute transport of potentially competitively adsorbing ions to the peat matrix. Additionally, recent studies suggest chloride (Cl-) might not be conservative in peat, as assumed by many past peat solute transport studies. Based on measured and modelled adsorption isotherms, this study illustrates concentration dependent adsorption of Cl- to peat occurred in equilibrium adsorption batch (EAB) experiments, which could be described with a Sips isotherm. However, Cl- adsorption was insignificant for low concentrations (<500 mg L-1) as used in breakthrough curve experiments (BTC). We found that competitive adsorption of Na+, K+, and NH4+ transport could be observed in EAB and BTC, depending on the dissolved ion species present. Na+ followed a Langmuir isotherm, K+ a linear isotherm within the tested concentration range (~10 - 1500 mg L-1), while the results for NH4+ are inconclusive due to potential microbial degradation. Only Na+ showed clear evidence of competitive behaviour, with an order of magnitude decrease in maximum adsorption capacity in the presence of NH4+ (0.22 to 0.02 mol kg-1), which was confirmed by the BTC data where the Na+ retardation coefficient differed between the experiments with different cations. Thus, solute mobility in peatlands is affected by competitive adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin P R McCarter
- Dep. of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Tobias K D Weber
- Institute for Soil Science and Land Evaluation, Biogeophysics, University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Straße 27, DE-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jonathan S Price
- Dep. of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
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43
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Nguyen TC, Loganathan P, Nguyen TV, Kandasamy J, Naidu R, Vigneswaran S. Adsorptive removal of five heavy metals from water using blast furnace slag and fly ash. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:20430-20438. [PMID: 28707235 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9610-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals can be serious pollutants of natural water bodies causing health risks to humans and aquatic organisms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the removal of five heavy metals from water by adsorption onto an iron industry blast furnace slag waste (point of zero charge (PZC) pH 6.0; main constituents, Ca and Fe) and a coal industry fly ash waste (PZC 3.0; main constituents, Si and Al). Batch study revealed that rising pH increased the adsorption of all metals with an abrupt increase at pH 4.0-7.0. The Langmuir adsorption maximum for fly ash at pH 6.5 was 3.4-5.1 mg/g with the adsorption capacity for the metals being in the order Pb > Cu > Cd, Zn, Cr. The corresponding values for furnace slag were 4.3 to 5.2 mg/g, and the order of adsorption capacities was Pb, Cu, Cd > Cr > Zn. Fixed-bed column study on furnace slag/sand mixture (1:1 w/w) revealed that the adsorption capacities were generally less in the mixed metal system (1.1-2.1 mg/g) than in the single metal system (3.4-3.5 mg/g). The data for both systems fitted well to the Thomas model, with the adsorption capacity being the highest for Pb and Cu in the single metal system and Pb and Cd in the mixed metal system. Our study showed that fly ash and blast furnace slag are effective low-cost adsorbents for the simultaneous removal of Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr and Zn from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Chung Nguyen
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Paripurnanda Loganathan
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Tien Vinh Nguyen
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Jaya Kandasamy
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- CRC CARE, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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Ye Y, Yang J, Jiang W, Kang J, Hu Y, Ngo HH, Guo W, Liu Y. Fluoride removal from water using a magnesia-pullulan composite in a continuous fixed-bed column. J Environ Manage 2018; 206:929-937. [PMID: 29220819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.11.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A magnesia-pullulan composite (MgOP) was previously shown to effectively remove fluoride from water. In the present study, a continuous fixed-bed column was used to examine the application of the composite at an industrial scale. The influencing parameters included bed mass (4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 g), influent flow rate (8, 16 and 32 mL/min), inlet fluoride concentration (5, 10 and 20 mg/L), reaction temperature (20, 30 and 40 °C), influent pH (4, 7 and 10) and other existing anions (HCO3-, SO42-, Cl- and NO3-), through which the breakthrough curves could be depicted for the experimental data analysis. The results indicated that MgOP is promising for fluoride removal with a defluoridation capacity of 16.6 mg/g at the bed mass of 6.0 g, influent flow rate of 16 mL/min and inlet fluoride concentration of 10 mg/L. The dynamics of the fluoride adsorption process were modeled using the Thomas and Yan models, in which the Yan model presented better predictions for the breakthrough curves than the Thomas model. Moreover, the concentration of magnesium in the effluent was monitored to determine Mg stability in the MgOP composite. Results indicated the effluent concentration of Mg2+ ions could be kept at a safe level. Calcination of fluoride-loaded MgOP effectively regenerated the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyao Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Jing Yang
- The IT Electronics Eleventh Design & Research Institute Scientific and Technological Engineering Corporation Limited, PR China
| | - Wei Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| | - Jianxiong Kang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| | - Ying Hu
- Yangtze Memory Technologies Co., Ltd, PR China
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
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45
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Jung KW, Jeong TU, Choi JW, Ahn KH, Lee SH. Adsorption of phosphate from aqueous solution using electrochemically modified biochar calcium-alginate beads: Batch and fixed-bed column performance. Bioresour Technol 2017; 244:23-32. [PMID: 28777987 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Batch and continuous fixed-bed column studies were investigated using electrochemically modified biochar calcium-alginate beads (EMB-CABs) as an adsorbent for the removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions. Batch experiments revealed that the phosphate adsorption behavior of EMB-CABs and its structural characteristics were highly dependent on pH condition. Also, kinetics and equilibrium isotherms studies demonstrated that the experimental data correlated well with the pseudo-second-order and Sips isotherm models, respectively. The effects of different operating parameters such as bed height, initial phosphate concentration, and flow rate were investigated in a continuous fixed-bed column, and the experimental data were fitted to three different breakthrough models, the Adams-Bohart, Thomas, and Yoon-Nelson models. The results suggested that the Yoon-Nelson model showed better agreement with the breakthrough curves than other models. Lastly, the design parameters for a large-scale column were calculated via the scale-up approach using the breakthrough parameters obtained from lab-scale column tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Won Jung
- Center for Water Resources Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Tae-Un Jeong
- Center for Water Resources Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Choi
- Center for Water Resources Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Division of Energy and Environmental Engineering, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Kyu-Hong Ahn
- Center for Water Resources Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hyup Lee
- Center for Water Resources Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Green School, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
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46
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Du L, Li S, Li X, Wang P, Huang Z, Tan Z, Liu C, Liao J, Liu N. Effect of humic acid on uranium(VI) retention and transport through quartz columns with varying pH and anion type. J Environ Radioact 2017; 177:142-150. [PMID: 28667877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Humic acid (HA)1 is ubiquitous in the environment and is an important factor in the migration behavior of U(VI) in the geological medium. The present work investigated the effect of HA on the migration behavior of U(VI) using quartz column experiments at different pH values and in the presence of various anions. The U(VI) adsorption characteristics and speciation were also studied to illuminate further the migration behavior of U(VI). Our results indicated that, at pH 6.0, HA slightly increased the migration velocity of U(VI) during the initial phase and reduced the quantity of eluted U(VI) because of the formation of HA-U(VI). The relative concentration (c/c0) of U(VI)was higher in the HA-U system at pH 8.0 than that at pH 5.0 because of the higher solubility of HA in basic solutions and the difference in charge of HA-U(VI). In the U-HA-anion system at pH 6.0, the breakthrough pore volumes (PVs2) of U(VI) in electrolytes containing Cl- and SO42- anions (PV = 8) are much higher than for solutions containing phosphate (PV = 3), while the HA migration behavior was not significantly affected by the type of anion. Thus, the fast migration of U(VI) under HA and phosphate was attributed to phosphate rather than HA. This result suggests that phosphate should be given more attention in predictions of U(VI) migration, especially in regions with high groundwater phosphate content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Du
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China; Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, PR China
| | - Shicheng Li
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, PR China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, PR China
| | - Zhaoya Huang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, PR China
| | - Zhaoyi Tan
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, PR China
| | - Chunli Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Jiali Liao
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China
| | - Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China.
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47
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la Cecilia D, Maggi F. In-situ atrazine biodegradation dynamics in wheat (Triticum) crops under variable hydrologic regime. J Contam Hydrol 2017; 203:104-121. [PMID: 28754243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive biodegradation reaction network of atrazine (ATZ) and its 18 byproducts was coupled to the nitrogen cycle and integrated in a computational solver to assess the in-situ biodegradation effectiveness and leaching along a 5m deep soil cultivated with wheat in West Wyalong, New South Wales, Australia. Biodegradation removed 97.7% of 2kg/ha ATZ yearly applications in the root zone, but removal substantially decreased at increasing depths; dechlorination removed 79% of ATZ in aerobic conditions and 18% in anaerobic conditions, whereas deethylation and oxidation removed only 0.11% and 0.15% of ATZ, respectively. The residual Cl mass fraction in ATZ and 4 byproducts was 2.4% of the applied mass. ATZ half-life ranged from 150 to 247days in the soil surface. ATZ reached 5m soil depth within 200years and its concentration increased from 1×10-6 to 4×10-6mg/kgdry-soil over time. The correlation between ATZ specific biomass degradation affinity Φ0 and half-life t1/2, although relatively uncertain for both hydrolyzing and oxidizing bacteria, suggested that microorganisms with high Φ0 led to low ATZ t1/2. Greater ATZ applications were balanced by small nonlinear increments of ATZ biodegraded fraction within the root zone and therefore less ATZ leached into the shallow aquifer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele la Cecilia
- Laboratory for Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, The University of Sydney, Bld. J05, Sydney 2006, NSW, Australia.
| | - Federico Maggi
- Laboratory for Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, The University of Sydney, Bld. J05, Sydney 2006, NSW, Australia.
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48
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Abdolali A, Ngo HH, Guo W, Zhou JL, Zhang J, Liang S, Chang SW, Nguyen DD, Liu Y. Application of a breakthrough biosorbent for removing heavy metals from synthetic and real wastewaters in a lab-scale continuous fixed-bed column. Bioresour Technol 2017; 229:78-87. [PMID: 28110128 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A continuous fixed-bed study was carried out utilising a breakthrough biosorbent, specifically multi-metal binding biosorbent (MMBB) for removing cadmium, copper, lead and zinc. The effect of operating conditions, i.e. influent flow rate, metal concentration and bed depth was investigated at pH 5.5±0.1 for a synthetic wastewater sample. Results confirmed that the total amount of metal adsorption declined with increasing influent flow rate and also rose when each metal concentration also increased. The maximum biosorption capacities of 38.25, 63.37, 108.12 and 35.23mg/g for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn, respectively, were achieved at 31cm bed height, 10mL/min flow rate and 20mg/L initial concentration. The Thomas model better described the whole dynamic behaviour of the column rather than the Dose Response and Yoon-Nelson models. Finally, desorption studies indicated that metal-loaded biosorbent could be used after three consecutive sorption, desorption and regeneration cycles by applying a semi-simulated real wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Abdolali
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - John L Zhou
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Soon W Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy & Engineering, Kyonggi University, 442-760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dinh Duc Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Energy & Engineering, Kyonggi University, 442-760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi Liu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Haike Road, Pudong, Shanghai, PR China
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49
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Jang J, Lee DS. Enhanced adsorption of cesium on PVA-alginate encapsulated Prussian blue-graphene oxide hydrogel beads in a fixed-bed column system. Bioresour Technol 2016; 218:294-300. [PMID: 27372009 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.06.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A continuous fixed-bed column study was performed using PVA-alginate encapsulated Prussian blue-graphene oxide (PB-GO) hydrogel beads as a novel adsorbent for the removal of cesium from aqueous solutions. The effects of different operating parameters, such as initial cesium concentration, pH, bed height, flow rate, and bead size, were investigated. The maximum adsorption capacity of the PB-GO hydrogel beads was 164.5mg/g at an initial cesium concentration of 5mM, bed height of 20cm, and flow rate of 0.83mL/min at pH 7. The Thomas, Adams-Bohart, and Yoon-Nelson models were applied to the experimental data to predict the breakthrough curves using non-linear regression. Although both the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models showed good agreement with the experimental data, the Yoon-Nelson model was found to provide the best representation for cesium adsorption on the adsorbent, based on the χ(2) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiseon Jang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Karup D, Moldrup P, Paradelo M, Katuwal S, Norgaard T, Greve MH, de Jonge LW. Water and solute transport in agricultural soils predicted by volumetric clay and silt contents. J Contam Hydrol 2016; 192:194-202. [PMID: 27509309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Solute transport through the soil matrix is non-uniform and greatly affected by soil texture, soil structure, and macropore networks. Attempts have been made in previous studies to use infiltration experiments to identify the degree of preferential flow, but these attempts have often been based on small datasets or data collected from literature with differing initial and boundary conditions. This study examined the relationship between tracer breakthrough characteristics, soil hydraulic properties, and basic soil properties. From six agricultural fields in Denmark, 193 intact surface soil columns 20cm in height and 20cm in diameter were collected. The soils exhibited a wide range in texture, with clay and organic carbon (OC) contents ranging from 0.03 to 0.41 and 0.01 to 0.08kgkg(-1), respectively. All experiments were carried out under the same initial and boundary conditions using tritium as a conservative tracer. The breakthrough characteristics ranged from being near normally distributed to gradually skewed to the right along with an increase in the content of the mineral fines (particles ≤50μm). The results showed that the mineral fines content was strongly correlated to functional soil structure and the derived tracer breakthrough curves (BTCs), whereas the OC content appeared less important for the shape of the BTC. Organic carbon was believed to support the stability of the soil structure rather than the actual formation of macropores causing preferential flow. The arrival times of 5% and up to 50% of the tracer mass were found to be strongly correlated with volumetric fines content. Predicted tracer concentration breakthrough points as a function of time up to 50% of applied tracer mass could be well fitted to an analytical solution to the classical advection-dispersion equation. Both cumulative tracer mass and concentration as a function of time were well predicted from the simple inputs of bulk density, clay and silt contents, and applied tracer mass. The new concept seems promising as a platform towards more accurate proxy functions for dissolved contaminant transport in intact soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Karup
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | - Per Moldrup
- Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University, Sofiendalsvej 11, DK-9200 Aalborg SV, Denmark
| | - Marcos Paradelo
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark; Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Sheela Katuwal
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Trine Norgaard
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Mogens H Greve
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Lis W de Jonge
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
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