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Gonçalves A, Silva E, Brito C, Martins S, Pinto L, Dinis LT, Luzio A, Martins-Gomes C, Fernandes-Silva A, Ribeiro C, Rodrigues MÂ, Moutinho-Pereira J, Nunes FM, Correia CM. Olive tree physiology and chemical composition of fruits are modulated by different deficit irrigation strategies. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:682-694. [PMID: 31583702 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cropping practices focusing on agronomic water use efficiency and their impact on quality parameters must be investigated to overcome constraints affecting olive groves. We evaluated the response of olive trees (Olea europaea, cv. 'Cobrançosa') to different water regimes: full irrigation (FI, 100% crop evapotranspiration (ETc )), and three deficit irrigation strategies (DIS) (regulated (RDI, irrigated with 80% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc ) in phases I and III of fruit growth and 10% of ETc in the pit hardening stage), and two continuous sustained strategies (SDI) - a conventional SDI (27.5% of ETc ), and low-frequency irrigation adopted by the farmer (SDIAF, 21.2% of ETc ). RESULTS The effects of water regimes on the plant water status, photosynthetic performance, metabolite fluctuations and fruit quality parameters were evaluated. All DIS treatments enhanced leaf tissue density; RDI and SDI generally did not affect leaf water status and maintained photosynthetic machinery working properly, and the SDIAF treatment impaired olive tree physiological indicators. The DIS treatments maintained the levels of primary metabolites in leaves, but SDIAF plants showed signs of oxidative stress. Moreover, DIS treatments led to changes in the secondary metabolism, both in leaves and in fruits, with increased total phenolic compounds, ortho-diphenols, and flavonoid concentration, and higher total antioxidant capacity, as well higher oil content. Phenolic profiles showed the relevance of an early harvest in order to obtain higher oleuropein levels with associated higher health benefits. CONCLUSION Adequate DIS are essential for sustainable olive growing, as they enhance the competitiveness of the sector in terms of olive production and associated quality parameters. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Gonçalves
- CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- MORE - Research Mountains - Association, Brigantia Ecopark, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ermelinda Silva
- CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Cátia Brito
- CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Sandra Martins
- CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luís Pinto
- CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Lia-Tânia Dinis
- CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Luzio
- CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos Martins-Gomes
- CQVR - Chemistry Centre of Vila Real, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Anabela Fernandes-Silva
- CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos Ribeiro
- Agronomy Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - M Ângelo Rodrigues
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
| | - José Moutinho-Pereira
- CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernando M Nunes
- CQVR - Chemistry Centre of Vila Real, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos M Correia
- CITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
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152
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Yang S, Chen X, Jiang Z, Ding J, Sun X, Xu J. Effects of Biochar Application on Soil Organic Carbon Composition and Enzyme Activity in Paddy Soil under Water-Saving Irrigation. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E333. [PMID: 31947763 PMCID: PMC6981869 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Rice water-saving irrigation technology can remarkably reduce irrigation water input and maintain high yield; however, this technology can also accelerate the decomposition of soil organic matter in paddy fields. The spatial and temporal distributions of soil organic carbon (SOC), water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), and soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) under different water-carbon regulation scenarios were analyzed on the basis of field experiments in the Taihu Lake region in China to explore the effects of biochar application on SOC and its components in water-saving irrigation paddy fields. The response of soil catalase (CAT) and invertase (INV) to biochar application in water-saving irrigated rice fields was clarified. The results showed that water-saving irrigation reduced the SOC content by 5.7% to 13.3% but increased WSOC and SMBC contents by 13.8% to 26.1% and 0.9% to 11.1%, respectively, as compared with flooding irrigation. Nonflooding management promoted the oxidative decomposition of soil organic matter. Two years after straw biochar was added, paddy soil SOC content under water-saving irrigation was increased by 4.0% to 26.7%. The WSOC and SMBC contents were also increased by 4.0% to 52.4% and 7.0% to 40.8%, respectively. The high straw biochar addition rate exhibited great impact on SOC. Remarkable correlations among SOC, WSOC, and SMBC were observed, indicating that the addition of straw biochar improved soil labile C, such as WSOC and SMBC, which promoted SOC transformation and stability in paddy soil under water-saving irrigation. Soil CAT and INV were related to SOC conversion. In conclusion, the combination of water-saving irrigation and straw biochar addition was beneficial to the improvement of soil properties and fertility of paddy fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (X.C.); (Z.J.); (J.D.); (X.S.)
- Cooperative Innovation Center for Water Safety & Hydro Science, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (X.C.); (Z.J.); (J.D.); (X.S.)
| | - Zewei Jiang
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (X.C.); (Z.J.); (J.D.); (X.S.)
| | - Jie Ding
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (X.C.); (Z.J.); (J.D.); (X.S.)
| | - Xiao Sun
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (X.C.); (Z.J.); (J.D.); (X.S.)
| | - Junzeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (X.C.); (Z.J.); (J.D.); (X.S.)
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153
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Hou P, Wang T, Zhou B, Song P, Zeng W, Muhammad T, Li Y. Variations in the microbial community of biofilms under different near-wall hydraulic shear stresses in agricultural irrigation systems. Biofouling 2020; 36:44-55. [PMID: 31985267 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1714600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The hydraulic characteristics along agricultural irrigation pipelines directly affect the local near-wall hydraulic shear stress and biofilm accumulation. However, the variations in the microbial community during the process remain unknown. Based on the Couette-Taylor reactor, a device was developed to accurately control the hydraulic shear stress. The results indicated that the near-wall hydraulic shear stresses showed quadratic correlations with microbial contents (represented by phospholipid fatty acids r > 0.77, p < 0.05), and the maximum values were obtained under the shear stresses of 0.20-0.35 Pa. For two types of treated wastewater, the mutual operational taxonomic units among different shear stress treatments showed good consistency (>185). Their corresponding response in the microbial community was represented by the quantitative correlations between the near-wall hydraulic shear stresses and the polymorphism indices (r > 0.82, p < 0.05). Among the microorganisms, Firmicutes at the phylum level were significantly affected by the shear stress and significantly influenced the biofilm accumulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hou
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tianzhi Wang
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhou
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Technologies and Models for Cyclic Utilization from Agricultural Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Peng Song
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yunkai Li
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
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154
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Shrivastava A, Barla A, Majumdar A, Singh S, Bose S. Arsenic mitigation in rice grain loading via alternative irrigation by proposed water management practices. Chemosphere 2020; 238:124988. [PMID: 31645266 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Over the past three decades, the occurrence of high concentrations of arsenic (As) in drinking-water and its subsequent poisoning in rice has been recognized as a major public-health concern globally, especially in Ganga Delta Plain with more than 80 million peoples in serious As exposure far beyond than its allowable limit. An extensive field study was conducted for consecutive four years viz. 2013 to 2016, introducing a process of intermittent irrigation pattern comparing to the conventional practice of rice cultivation in India. The practice provides a combination of aerobic and anaerobic irrigation resulting better rice productivity with lesser arsenic mobility and accumulation in rice grains. This present research finding clearly points out to the marked reduction of arsenic load from average 1.6 mg/kg to 0.5 mg/kg in rice grain, much closer to FAO/WHO prescribed safe limit and in the continuous practice of proposed agricultural strategy resulting in a gradual decrease of 15% bioavailable arsenic in each year. Total productivity (in kg/hectare) also increased by 540 kg/year in boro and 340 kg/year in amon subsequently achieving the prescribed safe limit of As in grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Shrivastava
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India, 741246
| | - Anil Barla
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India, 741246
| | - Arnab Majumdar
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India, 741246
| | - Surjit Singh
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India, 741246
| | - Sutapa Bose
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India, 741246.
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155
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Jampani M, Liedl R, Hülsmann S, Sonkamble S, Amerasinghe P. Hydrogeochemical and mixing processes controlling groundwater chemistry in a wastewater irrigated agricultural system of India. Chemosphere 2020; 239:124741. [PMID: 31518921 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In many parts of the world, wastewater irrigation has become a common practice because of freshwater scarcity and to increase resource reuse efficiency. Wastewater irrigation has positive impacts on livelihoods and at the same time, it has adverse impacts related to environmental pollution. Hydrochemical processes and groundwater behaviour need to be analyzed for a thorough understanding of the geochemical evolution in the wastewater irrigated systems. The current study focuses on a micro-watershed in the peri-urban Hyderabad of India, where farmers practice intensive wastewater irrigation. To evaluate the major factors that control groundwater geochemical processes, we analyzed the chemical composition of the wastewater used for irrigation and groundwater samples on a monthly basis for one hydrological year. The groundwater samples were collected in three settings of the watershed: wastewater irrigated area, groundwater irrigated area and upstream peri-urban area. The collected groundwater and wastewater samples were analyzed for major anions, cations and nutrients. We systematically investigated the anthropogenic influences and hydrogeochemical processes such as cation exchange, precipitation and dissolution of minerals using saturated indices, and freshwater-wastewater mixtures at the aquifer interface. Saturation indices of halite, gypsum and fluorite are exhibiting mineral dissolution and calcite and dolomite display mineral precipitation. Overall, the results suggest that the groundwater geochemistry of the watershed is largely controlled by long-term wastewater irrigation, local rainfall patterns and water-rock interactions. The study results can provide the basis for local decision-makers to develop sustainable groundwater management strategies and to control the aquifer pollution influenced by wastewater irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Jampani
- United Nations University, Institute for Integrated Management of Material Fluxes and of Resources (UNU-FLORES), Ammonstraße 74, 01067, Dresden, Germany; Technische Universität Dresden, Institute of Groundwater Management, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Rudolf Liedl
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institute of Groundwater Management, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Hülsmann
- United Nations University, Institute for Integrated Management of Material Fluxes and of Resources (UNU-FLORES), Ammonstraße 74, 01067, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sahebrao Sonkamble
- CSIR - National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India
| | - Priyanie Amerasinghe
- International Water Management Institute (IWMI), 127 Sunil Mawatha, Pelawatte, Battaramulla, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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156
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Ngan WY, Habimana O. From farm-scale to lab-scale: The characterization of engineered irrigation water distribution system biofilm models using an artificial freshwater source. Sci Total Environ 2020; 698:134025. [PMID: 31493571 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Contaminants in freshwater environments, as well as the associated negative impacts on agricultural produce, have emerged as a critical theme of the water-energy-food nexus affecting food safety and irrigation management. Agricultural produce exposed to irrigation with questionable freshwater can internalize and concentrate pollutants. However, the potential risks posed by the ubiquitous presence of biofilms within irrigation water distribution systems (IWDS) remains overlooked, even though such biofilms may harbor and spread pathogenic, chemical, and other environmental pollutants. Our limited knowledge about the role and functional attributes of IWDS biofilms can be blamed mostly to experimental challenges encountered during attempted studies of these biofilms in their natural environments. Hence, a laboratory-based experimental system designed to simulate a freshwater environment was combined with a biofilm reactor capable of recreating the piping environments in water distribution systems. This experimental system was then tested to assess the robustness and repeatability of experimental early-stage biofilms with respect to physical structure and microbial community, using state-of-the-art confocal microscopy and next-generation sequencing, respectively. The results demonstrated the suitability of this laboratory-based experimental system for studying the impacts of selected pollutants on irrigation water distribution systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Ngan
- The School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - O Habimana
- The School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; The University Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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157
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Farahani SS, Asoodar MA, Moghadam BK. Short-term impacts of biochar, tillage practices, and irrigation systems on nitrate and phosphorus concentrations in subsurface drainage water. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:761-771. [PMID: 31811608 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06942-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Leaching of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from agricultural lands can cause serious environmental problems such as eutrophication. The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of biochar application, tillage practices, and irrigation systems on nitrate and dissolved phosphorus (DP) concentrations in subsurface drainage water and grain yield of winter wheat using a strip-split plot design with 3 replications. Irrigation at three different levels (flood (Ifl), furrow (Ifu), and sprinkler (Is) systems) considered as main factor, tillage at two levels (reduced tillage (Tr) and conventional systems (Tc)) as subplot factor, and bagasse biochar at two levels (without biochar (B0) and 20 ton ha-1 biochar (B1)) as sub-subplot factor. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) standpipes were used in each sub-subplot to collect leachate water at 100-cm depth. The results indicated that irrigation had significant effects on yield, collected water volume (CWV), nitrate, and DP concentrations (P < 0.01). Interaction of tillage and irrigation was significant for grain yield (P < 0.05). Biochar application only caused a significant decrease in nitrate concentration under sprinkler irrigation (P < 0.05), while no significant impact was observed under flood and furrow irrigation systems. Under sprinkler irrigation, the total nitrate collected in the PVC standpipes decreased by 37.51 and 34.29% compared with flood and furrow irrigations, respectively. Biochar application reduced the total nitrate collected by 16.84%, while difference among tillage treatments was negligible (4.51%). The total DP collected under sprinkler irrigation was lower in comparison with flood and furrow irrigations by 42.24 and 38.76%, respectively. Biochar application reduced the total DP collected by 10.84%, while reduced tillage increased the total DP collected by 8.90% compared with the conventional tillage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Shahvarooghi Farahani
- Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Ramin Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Khuzestan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Amin Asoodar
- Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Ramin Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Khuzestan, Iran
| | - Bijan Khalili Moghadam
- Department of Soil Science, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Khuzestan, Iran
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158
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Yang Y, Hu H, Fu Q, Zhu J, Huang G. Water management of alternate wetting and drying reduces the accumulation of arsenic in brown rice - as dynamic study from rhizosphere soil to rice. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 185:109711. [PMID: 31574369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There have been no controlled systematic studies on the dynamic variation of As in soil - soil porewater - root surface (Fe plaques) - rice plant system under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation. Therefore, effects of continuous flooding (CF) and AWD treatments (2F2D: 2-day flooding followed by 2-day drying; 7F2D: 7-day flooding followed by 2-day drying) on the migration of As from soil to brown rice were studied. Results indicated that As contents in brown rice of AWD treatments (0.03-0.17 mg/kg) were 43.3%-85.0% lower than CF (0.20-0.30 mg/kg). AWD irrigation promoted the transformation of Fe and associated As in rhizosphere soil from highly active forms (H2O and HCl-extracted Fe-bound As) to stable states (oxalate and DCB-extracted Fe-bound As), which decreased the release of As from rhizosphere soil. The dynamic variation of As contents in porewater was described by a dissolution factor (DF) which decreased significantly in AWD treatments and had a significant positive correlation (R2 = 0.83; P < 0.05) with As contents in brown rice. In addition, contents of Fe and associated As on the root surface were about 17.1% and 11.0% higher in AWD treatments than in CF treatment, respectively, and the transfer factor (TF) of As from root surface into root was 22.7% lower in AWD treatments than in CF. In summary, AWD irrigation reduced As contents in porewater through decreasing availability of As in rhizosphere soil; and AWD also reduced the transfer of As into rice roots through promoting As sequestration by Fe plaques on root surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agricultural Resource and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agricultural Resource and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qingling Fu
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agricultural Resource and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Jun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agricultural Resource and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guoyong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agricultural Resource and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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159
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Guimarães CM, da Cunha FF, Silva FCDS, Araújo ED, Guimarães ABF, Mantovani EC, da Silva DJH. Agronomic performance of lettuce cultivars submitted to different irrigation depths. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224264. [PMID: 31825962 PMCID: PMC6905512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of cultivars adapted to the climate and soil conditions associated with adequate irrigation supply maximizes lettuce agronomic performance. The aim of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of four lettuce cultivars submitted to five different drip irrigation depths under a protected environment in Viçosa-MG, Brazil. A randomized block design was applied in a split plot scheme with four replications, and several agronomic characteristics were evaluated by analysis of variance, Tukey range tests, regression and principal component analysis. A higher chlorophyll concentration in the Raider Plus cultivar promoted the production of more leaves, leading to a higher phytomass. The Luara cultivar presented a higher number of commercial leaves per plant than the other cultivars, regardless of the irrigation depth, reflected in a larger diameter and volume of the aerial part of the plants. The Raider Plus and Luara cultivars presented better root development than that of the other cultivars, reducing the effect of plant water stress even under lower irrigation depth conditions. Although higher water productivity (WP) was observed for the lowest irrigation depth (50% of ETc), important variables reached the maximum values at depths higher than 100% water replenishment. Therefore, Raider Plus and Luara cultivars with an irrigation depth of 110% of crop evapotranspiration provided better commercial lettuce quality and are recommended for lettuce cultivation in the research region and under conditions similar to those of the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudinei Martins Guimarães
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
| | - Fernando França da Cunha
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
| | | | - Edcássio Dias Araújo
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
| | | | - Everardo Chartuni Mantovani
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
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160
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Hu A, Yu Z, Liu X, Gao W, He Y, Li J. The effects of irrigation and fertilization on the migration and transformation processes of main chemical components in the soil profile. Environ Geochem Health 2019; 41:2631-2648. [PMID: 31076980 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00298-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the changes in chemical composition of soil plays an important role in effective control of irrigation and fertilization in agricultural productions, which further protects the groundwater quality and predicts its evolution. Field trials were conducted from 2014 to 2016 to investigate the impacts of irrigation and fertilization on mineral composition transformation in the soil profile. Based on HYDRUS-HP1 and Visual MINTEQ, this paper simulated and computed the migration and transformation of chemical components during the irrigation and fertilization in the vadose zone soil of Jinghuiqu district. The results showed that when the nitrogen fertilizer entered the soil, the urea was hydrolyzed to NH4+ and it was nitrified as NO2-, which caused pH value to drop around the first 4 days after irrigation, and rise slightly on the 12th day. Due to the fact that soil belongs to calcareous soil, concentration of CaCO3 and other carbonates (Mg or Na in sodic soils) could buffer the soil pH well above 8.5. Thus, on the 30th day of the post-irrigation the pH reached the same level as it was before irrigation. The change in pH resulted in the main ions reacting, dissolving and precipitating simultaneously in the soil profile. The concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3- had significant correlations with the increasing ammonia nitrogen hydrolyzed from urea, and this process is accompanied with the saturation index of minerals and the main ion content changing. At the same time, the varying temperature action on pH of the soil was higher in summer than that in winter. Thus, the irrigation, fertilization and temperature had affected pH and main chemical components in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Zhaoyu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xiuhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
| | - Wande Gao
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yi He
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Junyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
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161
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Azad N, Behmanesh J, Rezaverdinejad V, Abbasi F, Navabian M. Evaluation of fertigation management impacts of surface drip irrigation on reducing nitrate leaching using numerical modeling. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:36499-36514. [PMID: 31732949 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06699-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of fertigation strategies on nitrate leaching and its uptake into maize plants. Field experimental data were employed to calibrate a numerical model (HYDRUS 2D/3D) for a surface drip irrigation system in a sandy clay loam soil. The calibrated model was used to simulate nitrate plant uptake and its leaching in different fertigation scenarios based on various fertigation durations and different start times of fertigation. Finally, nitrogen plant uptake was compared with maize N requirement during growth stages in two fertigation frequency scenarios. These simulations were also performed in sandy loam soil. The results show that, if fertigation is done at the end of irrigation, nitrate leaching in shorter fertigation duration will be less than the leaching in longer fertigation duration. However, in the case of fertigation at the beginning of irrigation, the nitrate leaching is higher if the fertigation duration is short, and vice versa. Furthermore, reducing the number of fertigation events in the sandy clay loam soil increases the nitrate plant uptake. However, in the sandy loam soil, a lesser number of fertigation events reduce nitrate uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Azad
- Water Engineering Department, Urmia University, 11Km Sero Road, Post box: 165, Urmia, 5756151818, Iran
| | - Javad Behmanesh
- Water Engineering Department, Urmia University, 11Km Sero Road, Post box: 165, Urmia, 5756151818, Iran.
| | - Vahid Rezaverdinejad
- Water Engineering Department, Urmia University, 11Km Sero Road, Post box: 165, Urmia, 5756151818, Iran
| | - Fariborz Abbasi
- Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Karaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Navabian
- Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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162
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Basheer L, Dag A, Yermiyahu U, Ben-Gal A, Zipori I, Kerem Z. Effects of reclaimed wastewater irrigation and fertigation level on olive oil composition and quality. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:6342-6349. [PMID: 31271222 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irrigation of olives increases fruit and oil yields. Due to scarcity of freshwater, low-quality water including recycled wastewater (RWW) is utilized in orchards. Here, effects of irrigation with RWW and of fertilization on the composition and quality of olive oil were studied. RESULTS Long-term RWW irrigation of 'Barnea' and 'Leccino' olive had no significant negative effects on either oil composition or quality parameters, including free fatty acids (FFAs), peroxide value (PV), total phenolics content (TPC), fatty acid profiles and organoleptic characteristics. The average FFA contents for both cultivars were less than 0.8% during most of the experimental period, except the seasons 2009 and 2012-2013 for Barnea where the values were raised up to 1.4%. The measured PV levels were less than 9 and 5 mmol O2 kg-1 oil for Barnea and Leccino, respectively. In the last season of the experiment for each cultivar, higher TPC were observed in oils obtained from RWW irrigation with reduced fertilization (Re-) as compared to the treatments with the recommended fertilization [freshwater irrigation (Fr) and RWW irrigation (Re+) with standard dose of fertilizers], where the TPC increment exceeded 70% in Barnea and 25% in Leccino. The treatments had only minor effects on the fatty acid profile, reflected in slightly altered levels of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids. CONCLUSION The use of RWW, combined with the consideration of nutrients arriving with such water to provide appropriate fertilization, was found suitable for olive irrigation to ensure optimal yields while preserving oil quality. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loai Basheer
- Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Tel Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel
| | - Arnon Dag
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat, Israel
| | - Uri Yermiyahu
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat, Israel
| | - Alon Ben-Gal
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat, Israel
| | - Isaac Zipori
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat, Israel
| | - Zohar Kerem
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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163
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Soothar RK, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Tankari M, Mirjat U, Wang Y. Evaluating the performance of SALTMED model under alternate irrigation using saline and fresh water strategies to winter wheat in the North China Plain. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:34499-34509. [PMID: 31646419 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06540-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effective water management in the North China Plain (NCP) needs a tool to predict winter wheat production due to water quality. A large quantity of brackish water is stored underground in this region, and whether this water can be used properly in agriculture is becoming a crucial issue that is about to be resolved. The SALTMED model is a generic modeling tool for efficient irrigation management strategies, especially for cyclic use of saline and fresh water as well as different water qualities, and it still needs further investigation for alternate irrigation using saline and fresh water at different growth stages of winter wheat. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to evaluate the performance of SALTMED model and simulate the production of winter wheat grown under different irrigation strategies. Irrigation strategies comprised rain-fed cultivation (NI), fresh and saline water irrigation (FS), saline and fresh water irrigation (SF), saline water irrigation (SS), and fresh water irrigation (FF). Three-year observed data were used for the validations of SALTMED model. The values of evaluation indices of relative error, RMSE, NRMSE, index of agreement (D-index), and R2 between simulated and observed grain yield were 6.8%, 0.8, 10.7, 0.9, and 0.9, respectively. The model results supported and matched the observed data and indicated similar differences among the irrigated and rain-fed treatments. It is concluded that the SALTMED model is able to predict grain yield of winter wheat and its productivity under the alternate irrigation using saline and fresh water and their interaction in the climate condition of the NCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Soothar
- State Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Water Use of Crops and Disaster Loss Mitigation/Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Institute of Dryland Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui, China
| | - Yanqing Zhang
- State Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Water Use of Crops and Disaster Loss Mitigation/Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Moussa Tankari
- State Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Water Use of Crops and Disaster Loss Mitigation/Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Uris Mirjat
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Yaosheng Wang
- State Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Water Use of Crops and Disaster Loss Mitigation/Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China.
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164
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Hu J, Wu J, Sharaf A, Sun J, Qu X. Effects of organic wastes on structural characterizations of fulvic acid in semiarid soil under plastic mulched drip irrigation. Chemosphere 2019; 234:830-836. [PMID: 31247493 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Poor soil has restricted the crop production in semiarid soil. Fulvic acid (FA) is considered to play an significant role in soil fertility. The amount and structure of FA after application of different organic wastes (OWs) was assessed in this work. Six treatments were involved in this experiment: chemical fertilizer combined with chicken manure (CM), sheep manure (SM), maize straw (MS), fodder grass (FG), and tree leaves (TL), while chemical fertilizer only was used as control (CK). The soil FA content (P < 0.05) after the application of TL was the highest than other OWs. The E4/E6 ratios, ΔlogK values, aliphatic C/aromatic C ratios of soil FA after the application of TL were the lowest than other OWs, whereas the C/H ratio was the highest. The specific fluorescence intensities (SFI) of peak A (Ex/Em 260-265/415-430 nm) and peak B (Ex/Em 310-315/415-430 nm) from EEM fluorescence spectrum of FA were the lowest after the application of TL. In conclusion, the application of TL was the most effective for improving FA accumulation, and making FA complex and stability. Thus, TL is the recommended OW for use in semiarid soil under plastic mulched drip irrigation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hu
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
| | - Jinggui Wu
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Ahmed Sharaf
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jimei Sun
- Soil Fertilizer Workstation of Changchun City, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Xiaojing Qu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jilin City Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin, China
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165
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Sun T, Ma M, Du H, Wang X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang D. Effect of different rotation systems on mercury methylation in paddy fields. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 182:109403. [PMID: 31276889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) paddy is the hotspot of mercury (Hg) methylation. Given distinct influences of rotation systems on the physicochemical properties of paddy soils, we hypothesized different rotation systems in rice paddies inducing a large difference in Hg methylation. Here, we investigated Hg species distribution, dissolved organic matter (DOM) features, and Hg methylation in five rotation systems (Other farmland newly reclaim into paddy field, i.e., NR-R; Drain the water in winter, i.e., DW-R; Flooding in winter, i.e., FW-R; Rape-Rice rotation, i.e., Ra-R; Wheat-Rice rotation, i.e., Wh-R) of paddy fields to identify such hypothesis. Results shown that FW-R had the strongest Hg methylation, followed by Ra-R and Wh-R, then DW-R, and finally NR-R. We further found that much higher soil organic matter (SOM) and organo-chelated Hg (Hg-o) from straw residues and root exudates were the main cause for the greater Hg methylation in FW-R, Ra-R and Wh-R. This was because the protein-like fraction of SOM facilitated the net production of methyl Hg (MeHg), meanwhile the humin-like fraction had a strong affinity to MeHg in paddy soils. Therefore, it can be concluded that paddy soil under DW-R was the optimum pattern in order to reduce the occurrence of Hg methylation. However, paddy soils under Ra-R and Wh-R were the recommendable patterns if the productivity of paddy fields was considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ming Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hongxia Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Yongjiang Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Ecological Environmental Monitoring Station of Qianjiang District in Chongqing, Chongqing, 409099, China
| | - Yongmin Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Dingyong Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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166
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Dang Q, Tan W, Zhao X, Li D, Li Y, Yang T, Li R, Zu G, Xi B. Linking the response of soil microbial community structure in soils to long-term wastewater irrigation and soil depth. Sci Total Environ 2019; 688:26-36. [PMID: 31233911 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Irrigation with treated wastewater (TWW) has become a prevailing agricultural practice due to the scarcity of fresh water resources, which may have a significant impact on the microbial communities that are critical to many biogeochemical processes in soils. However, it is unclear whether there are links between soil microbial responses to long-term irrigation with different sources of wastewater and soil depth. Here we assess the influence of treated domestic (DTWW), leather industry (LTWW) and pharmaceutical (PTWW) wastewater on microbial communities in vertical soil profiles using high-throughput sequencing based on 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene profiling. We found that microbial α-diversity in the vertical profiles of soils was significantly influenced by TWW irrigation. Bacteria and fungi in different soil depths showed distinct responses to TWW; irrigation with TWW markedly increased abundance of bacterial OTUs and inhibited abundance of fungal OTUs. β-diversity analysis showed that the effect of TWW irrigation on microbial communities was greater than the effect of soil depth, and microbes in subsurface soil were more sensitive to different sources of irrigation water. We also found that, based on β-diversity analysis, irrigation with treated industrial wastewater, including LTWW and PTWW, had a greater impact on microbial community structures than DTWW. TWW irrigation significantly affected the composition of indigenous soil microbial communities at different depths and might introduce exogenous microbes into the soil environment. Our work explicitly demonstrates the vertical responses of bacterial and fungal communities in soils to irrigation with TWW from different sources, which can provides insights into the microbial-dominated geochemical processes from the perspective of the entire soil profile under the context of wastewater irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Dang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yanping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Tianxue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Renfei Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Guofeng Zu
- Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation Industry Alliance, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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167
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Vidal AM, Alcalá S, De Torres A, Moya M, Espínola JM, Espínola F. Fresh and Aromatic Virgin Olive Oil Obtained from Arbequina, Koroneiki, and Arbosana Cultivars. Molecules 2019; 24:E3587. [PMID: 31590381 PMCID: PMC6804064 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Three factors for the extraction of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) were evaluated: diameter of the grid holes of the hammer-crusher, malaxation temperature, and malaxation time. A Box-Behnken design was used to obtain a total of 289 olive oil samples. Twelve responses were analyzed and 204 mathematical models were obtained. Olives from super-intensive rainfed or irrigated crops of the Arbequina, Koroneiki, and Arbosana cultivars at different stages of ripening were used. Malaxation temperature was found to be the factor with the most influence on the total content of lipoxygenase pathway volatile compounds; as the temperature increased, the content of volatile compounds decreased. On the contrary, pigments increased when the malaxation temperature was increased. EVOO from irrigated crops and from the Arbequina cultivar had the highest content of volatile compounds. Olive samples with a lower ripening degree, from the Koroneiki cultivar and from rainfed crops, had the highest content of pigments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso M Vidal
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Sonia Alcalá
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Antonia De Torres
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Manuel Moya
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Juan M Espínola
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Francisco Espínola
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
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168
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Cámara-Zapata JM, Brotons-Martínez JM, Simón-Grao S, Martinez-Nicolás JJ, García-Sánchez F. Cost-benefit analysis of tomato in soilless culture systems with saline water under greenhouse conditions. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:5842-5851. [PMID: 31206706 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current need to produce food for a growing population, from diminishing natural resources, such as water and energy, and with minimum environmental degradation, demands the optimization of production. We compare the economic feasibility of tomato production in an open system with a perlite substrate, a closed system with the nutrient film technique (NFT), and a hydroponic crop (deep flow technique, DFT) using three levels of salinity that are found within the normal range for irrigation water quality in southeastern Spain. RESULTS Production with DFT resulted in an increase in the cost of phytosanitary treatments and the cost of maintenance. Production with perlite resulted in an increase in the cost of irrigation water and fertilization, and the use of NFT resulted in an increase in energy costs. The point of price equilibrium was exceeded in the three soilless systems when using low salinity water, and in perlite, with intermediate salinity water. CONCLUSION Profitability was reduced in the following order: perlite > NFT > DFT. There were positive results when using irrigation water with low salinity, and in the case of perlite, with intermediate salinity. In every case, salinity reduced the profitability of the operation, and this was greater when NFT was employed. The analysis of these soilless systems should be continued to determine the possibility of reducing cultivation costs. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Cámara-Zapata
- Departamento de Física y Arquitectura de Computadores, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - José M Brotons-Martínez
- Departamento de Estudios Económicos y Financieros, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Silvia Simón-Grao
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan J Martinez-Nicolás
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Microbiología, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Francisco García-Sánchez
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Murcia, Spain
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169
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Kim G, Kang W, Lee D, Vaswani RT, Chon J. A spatial approach to climate-resilient infrastructure in coastal social-ecological systems: The case of dumbeong in Goseong County, South Korea. Environ Int 2019; 131:105032. [PMID: 31374442 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable landscape planning and management of coastal habitats has become an integral part of the global agenda due to anthroprogenic pressures and climate change-induced events. As an example of human-engineered infrastructure that enhances the sustainability and resilience of coastal social-ecological systems (SES), we have presented the dumbeong system, a farmer-engineered and managed irrigation system based on Korean traditional ecological knowledge. We analyzed the spatial relationship of dumbeongs with coastal landscape attributes and droughts in Goseong County in South Korea. We used generalized linear models (GLMs) to examine the effects of land cover and recent (2001-2010) standardized precipitation index (SPI) on the abundance of dumbeongs. Then, we projected near future (2020-2050) changes in the SPI-based drought risk for the dumbeong system using representative concentration pathway (RCP) climate scenarios. We found that forest and marine water areas have positive relations with dumbeong abundance, whereas SPI has a negative relation, indicating that the dumbeongs are more abundant in areas close to sea water and forests, and with higher incidences of drought. Derived climate change scenarios show that the study region will experience higher incidence of drought. Our findings provide empirical evidence for the dumbeong system as an effective community designed and driven adaptive response to local hydrological processes and climatic conditions, and as climate-resilient infrastructure that strengthens sustainability and resilience of coastal SES. Based on our findings, we provide recommendations for sustainable landscape management and optimal use of the dumbeong system in coastal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- GoWoon Kim
- O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI), Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 02841 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanmo Kang
- Department of Human Environment Design, Cheongju University, 298 Daeseong-ro, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28503, Republic of Korea
| | - Dowon Lee
- Asia Center, Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Rahul Teku Vaswani
- Sustainability Consultant, 101-710 23-Siheungdaero 77-Gil, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 08610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyung Chon
- O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI), Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 02841 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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170
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Zouari M, Souguir D, Bloem E, Schnug E, Hanchi B, Hachicha M. Saline soil reclamation by agroforestry species under Kalaât Landelous conditions and irrigation with treated wastewater in Tunisia. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:28829-28841. [PMID: 31377927 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Irrigation with treated waste water (TWW) in combination with plantation of agroforest species was tested in the Kalaât Landelous region for the reclamation of salt affected soils. Five species (Atriplex nummularia, Eucalyptus gomphocephala, Acacia cyanophylla, Casuarina glauca, Pinus halepensis) were cultivated in saline soils that are affected by shallow, saline groundwater and were irrigated with TWW during the summer season. The results after 4 years of experimentation show a distinct decrease in soil pH and salinity accompanied by a decrease in Cl and Na concentrations. Irrigation decreased the heavy metal concentrations in the topsoil but an increase in deeper layers indicate to leaching due to TWW irrigation. The investigated plant species were differently affected in growth performance by salinity and TWW irrigation. Atriplex nummularia appeared to be the most resistant species and Pinus halepensis the most sensitive one to hydro-pedological conditions of the Kalaât Landelous plot. In conclusion, salt-tolerant plant species seem to be good candidates for the reclamation of salt-affected, waterlogged sites in combination with TWW irrigation, as the adaptations of such species seem to operate under different abiotic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Zouari
- National Research Institute for Rural Engineering, Water and Forestry (INRGREF), University of Carthage, 10 street Hédi Karray, Manzeh IV, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia.
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, El Manar Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Dalila Souguir
- National Research Institute for Rural Engineering, Water and Forestry (INRGREF), University of Carthage, 10 street Hédi Karray, Manzeh IV, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Elke Bloem
- Institute for Crop and Soil Science, Julius Kühn-Institut, Bundesallee 69, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ewald Schnug
- Institute for Crop and Soil Science, Julius Kühn-Institut, Bundesallee 69, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Belgacem Hanchi
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, El Manar Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Hachicha
- National Research Institute for Rural Engineering, Water and Forestry (INRGREF), University of Carthage, 10 street Hédi Karray, Manzeh IV, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
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171
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Nasser SM, Khandaker MU, Bradley DA, Isinkaye MO. EVALUATION OF RADON CONCENTRATION IN IRRIGATION AND DRINKING WATERS FROM THE EASTERN PART OF OMAN AND ESTIMATION OF EFFECTIVE DOSES TO OMANIS. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2019; 184:422-425. [PMID: 31038706 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncz088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study concerns measurement of the radon concentration in drinking and irrigation waters obtained from the eastern part of Oman, in particular in regard to water quality assessment of the region. The samples were collected from different places covering most types of water sources in the region. A passive and time-integrated track etch detector (LR-115 type II) combined with a high-resolution optical microscope has been used to obtain the radon concentration in the studied samples. Values of dissolved radon in water varied among the water sources; the highest concentration of radon was found to be 363 Bq m-3 in a drinking water sample while well water used for irrigation showed the lowest value, at 140 Bq m-3. Measured data for all water sources are below the permissible limit of 11.1 kBq m-3 recommended by the US-EPA. Annual effective doses for the studied samples were in the range 0.38-0.99 μSv y-1 which is significantly less than the action level recommended by the WHO (0.1 mSv y-1), indicating that the water sources in the Jalan BBH region of Oman are safe to use. The obtained data may serve as a reference for any future radiological study of the waterbody of this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Nasser
- Department of Physics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M U Khandaker
- Department of Physics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Center for Biomedical Physics, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - D A Bradley
- Center for Biomedical Physics, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - M O Isinkaye
- Department of Physics, Ekiti State University, P. M. B. 5363, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
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172
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Majumdar A, Upadhyay MK, Kumar JS, Barla A, Srivastava S, Jaiswal MK, Bose S. Ultra-structure alteration via enhanced silicon uptake in arsenic stressed rice cultivars under intermittent irrigation practices in Bengal delta basin. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 180:770-779. [PMID: 31154202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The study implements a periodical intermittent water cycle during rice cultivation providing insight potential in minimizing soil bio-available arsenic. Soil As concentrations were 34 ± 0.49 and 72.03 ± 0.54 mg kg-1 As respectively in two selected fields with rice cultivars gosai and satabdi, in comparison to 42.26 ± 0.37 and 83.69 ± 0.48 mg kg-1 in continuously flooded field soil, determined through ICP-MS. The study found higher translocation of silicon from soil to rice plant parts under intermittent irrigation having pH range of 7.6-9.4 and greater availability of soil organic content that in turn release more labile silicon from soil to aqueous phase for plant accumulation. This increased uptake of silicon strengthens rice shoots, nodes and leaf xylem-phloem integrity compared to conventional continuously flooded rice cultivation approach, suppressing the arsenic translocation, as observed under FE-SEM real-time imaging. Fresh plants were analysed for bioaccumulation and translocation factors of arsenic and silicon to justify the enhanced silicon uptake under proposed practice. Plant stress regulator enzymes viz. malondialdehyde (MDA), total protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) from both conditions and found to be better in intermittent method over conventional practice with higher productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Majumdar
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India-741246
| | - Munish Kumar Upadhyay
- Plant Stress Biology Laboratory, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India-221005
| | - Jisha Suresh Kumar
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India-741246
| | - Anil Barla
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India-741246
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- Plant Stress Biology Laboratory, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India-221005
| | - Manoj Kumar Jaiswal
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India-741246
| | - Sutapa Bose
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India-741246.
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173
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Xu F, Song T, Du H, Gui Y, Xu M, Cao Y, Dang X, Rensing C, Zhang J, Xu W. Combining Irrigation Scheme and Phosphorous Application Levels for Grain Yield and Their Impacts on Rhizosphere Microbial Communities of Two Rice Varieties in a Field Trial. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:10577-10586. [PMID: 31490682 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Root and rhizosphere is important for phosphorus (P) uptake in rice plants. However, little is known about the detailed regulation of irrigation regimes, especially frequently alternate wetting and drying (FAWD), on P usage of rice plants. Here, we found that compared with normal water and P dose, FAWD with a reduced P dose maintained the grain yield in two rice varieties. Compared to rice variety Gaoshan1, rice variety WufengyouT025 displayed a higher grain yield, shoot P content, rhizosphere acid phosphatase activity, abundance of bacteria, and bacterial acid phosphatase gene of rhizosphere. Moreover, the FAWD regime may increase the abundance of bacteria with acid phosphatase activity to release available phosphorus in the rhizosphere, which is associated with rice varieties. Our results suggest that an optimized management of irrigation and phosphorous application can enhance both water and phosphorus use efficiency without sacrificing the yield, which may contribute significantly to sustainable agriculture production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjiao Zhang
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Feiyun Xu
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Tao Song
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong 999077 , China
| | - Huan Du
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Yao Gui
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Min Xu
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Yiying Cao
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Xiaolin Dang
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002 , China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong 999077 , China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002 , China
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174
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Li R, Zhang Y, Yu H, Dang Q, Yu H, Xi B, Tan W. Biouptake Responses of Trace Metals to Long-Term Irrigation with Diverse Wastewater in the Wheat Rhizosphere Microenvironment. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16173218. [PMID: 31484337 PMCID: PMC6747335 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Wastewater irrigation is widely practiced and may cause serious environmental problems. However, current knowledge on the effects of long-term irrigation with wastewater from different sources on the biouptake of trace metals (TMs) in the rhizosphere zone by plants in farmlands is limited. Here, we analyzed wheat rhizosphere soil and wheat roots collected from a typical wastewater irrigation area in North China to evaluate the influence of wastewater irrigation from different sources on the bioavailability of trace metals in soils. Results showed that irrigation with tanning and domestic wastewater helped enhance the bioavailability of trace metals in rhizosphere soil by increasing the active organic carbon content, soil redox potential, and catalase activity, thus enhancing the proportion of the potentially bioavailable part of trace metal speciation. Conversely, irrigation with pharmaceutical wastewater can reduce the bioavailability of trace metals in rhizosphere soil by increasing total soil antibiotics and thus decreasing the proportions of bioavailable and potentially bioavailable parts of trace metal speciation. These findings can provide insights into the migration and transformation of trace metal speciation in soil rhizosphere microenvironments under the context of wastewater irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050011, China.
| | - Hong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Qiuling Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Hanxia Yu
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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175
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Ye S, Han J, Liu T. Determination of optimum irrigation strategies and effect of drip irrigation system on growth and water use efficiency of pear jujube in Loess Hilly region of northern Shaanxi. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221925. [PMID: 31465512 PMCID: PMC6715211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore suitable drip irrigation system on the water saving and high yield of pear-jujube from 2009 to 2012 years in the mountain of northern Shaanxi. The treatments consisted of combinations of 5 drip irrigation systems (DP). The irrigation quota of DP-1, DP-2 and DP-3 treatment was 100 m3 hm-2, 135 m3 hm-2 and 180 m3 hm-2, respectively, irrigated 4 times. The irrigation quota of DP-4 and DP-5 treatment was 135 m3 hm-2 and irrigated 3 and 2times, respectively; and with no irrigation as the control (C). Results indicated that bearing branch length of jujube, fruit set and yield of different drip irrigation system are significantly better than C (P<0.05). Bearing branch length and yield of DP-3 treatment are reached maximum in 2012, which are 22.0 cm and 16772.8 m3 hm-2. And they are increased by 47.7% and 13.2% compared with C, respectively. In addition, the water consumption of different irrigation treatment increases along with the increasing of irrigation amount. And the DP-3 treatment is the highest in different years. The water use efficiency of pear-jujube of low irrigation quota is better than the high irrigation quota. Water use efficiency of 135 m3 hm-2 and irrigated 2 times treatment is the best, which is 1.92 m3 hm-2. Considering the lack of high annual precipitation, we conclude that DP-5 treatment was the best drip irrigation system in the mountain of northern Shaanxi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Ye
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Jichang Han
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
| | - Tiancheng Liu
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Shaanxi, Xi’an, China
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176
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Sedlacko EM, Jahn CE, Heuberger AL, Sindt NM, Miller HM, Borch T, Blaine AC, Cath TY, Higgins CP. Potential for Beneficial Reuse of Oil and Gas-Derived Produced Water in Agriculture: Physiological and Morphological Responses in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum). Environ Toxicol Chem 2019; 38:1756-1769. [PMID: 31017691 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Produced water (PW) from oil and gas operations is considered a potential resource for food crop irrigation because of increasing water scarcity in dryland agriculture. However, efforts to employ PW for agriculture have been met with limited success. A greenhouse study was performed to evaluate the effects of PW on physiological and morphological traits of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum). Plants were irrigated with water treatments containing 10 and 50% PW (PW10 and PW50, respectively) and compared to a matching 50% salinity (NaCl50) and 100% tap water controls. Compared to controls, plants watered with PW10 and PW50 exhibited developmental arrest and reductions in aboveground and belowground biomass, photosynthetic efficiency, and reproductive growth. Decreases in grain yield ranged from 70 to 100% in plants irrigated with PW compared to the tap water control. Importantly, the PW10 and NaCl50 treatments were comparable for morphophysiological effects, even though NaCl50 contained 5 times the total dissolved solids, suggesting that constituents other than NaCl in PW contributed to plant stress. These findings indicate that despite discharge and reuse requirements focused on total dissolved solids, salinity stress may not be the primary factor affecting crop health. The results of the present study are informative for developing guidelines for the use of PW in agriculture to ensure minimal effects on crop morphology and physiology. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1756-1769. © 2019 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Sedlacko
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
| | - Courtney E Jahn
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Adam L Heuberger
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Nathan M Sindt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Hannah M Miller
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Thomas Borch
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Andrea C Blaine
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
| | - Tzahi Y Cath
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
| | - Christopher P Higgins
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
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177
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Pouryazdankhah H, Shahnazari A, Ahmadi MZ, Khaledian M, Andersen MN. Rice yield estimation based on forecasting the future condition of groundwater salinity in the Caspian coastal strip of Guilan Province, Iran. Environ Monit Assess 2019; 191:492. [PMID: 31300895 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7613-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Irrigation water salinity is one of the factors that reduces agricultural production. Guilan Province is one of the most important rice-producing areas in Iran where groundwater is used for irrigation. The temporal and spatial variations of groundwater salinity were studied in the coastal strip covering 4285 km2 of the province using data from 73 wells, as well as its estimated effect on the rice yield. Data on mean electrical conductivity (EC) for each 6-month period of 12 consecutive years, from the second half of 2002 until the end of 2014, were analyzed and resulted in 25 mean ECs. EC maps and maps of the probability of higher salinity areas were obtained by using ordinary kriging (OK) and indicator kriging (IK) in ArcGIS 9.3 software, respectively. Thereby, areas belonging to different salinity classes were outlined and places with higher salinity reducing the rice yield were identified. In addition, the Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope were used to project future changes. The results indicated that due to the salinity of groundwater in the coastal strip area, the minimum and the maximum rice yields were 80% and 100%, respectively. Using the IK method, higher probability of groundwater salinity reducing the yield was found from the central parts toward the east. The Mann-Kendal test result showed significant temporal trends of the size of areas below the 100% yield (EC < 1 dS/m) and 90-100% yield (1 < EC < 1.34 dS/m) thresholds. The equations given by Sen's slope estimator indicated that the groundwater salinity will not be a limiting factor for achieving 100% rice yields from the year of 2021 onward in all of the Guilan coastal area. The trend of increasing precipitation in the area may be an important cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedyeh Pouryazdankhah
- Department of Water Sciences, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Km 9 Farah Abad Road, Sari, Mazandaran, 48181-68984, Iran
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Ali Shahnazari
- Department of Water Sciences, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Km 9 Farah Abad Road, Sari, Mazandaran, 48181-68984, Iran.
| | - Mirkhalegh Z Ahmadi
- Department of Water Sciences, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Km 9 Farah Abad Road, Sari, Mazandaran, 48181-68984, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Khaledian
- Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, 41889-58643, Iran
- Department of Water Engineering and Environment, Caspian Sea Basin Research Center, Rasht, 41889-58643, Iran
| | - Mathias N Andersen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830, Tjele, Denmark
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178
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Luo Z, Kong X, Zhang Y, Li W, Zhang D, Dai J, Fang S, Chu J, Dong H. Leaf-Derived Jasmonate Mediates Water Uptake from Hydrated Cotton Roots under Partial Root-Zone Irrigation. Plant Physiol 2019; 180:1660-1676. [PMID: 31079035 PMCID: PMC6752905 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Partial root-zone irrigation (PRI), a water-saving technique, improves water uptake in hydrated roots by inducing specific responses that are thought to be regulated by signals originating from leaves; however, this signaling is poorly understood. Using a split-root system and polyethylene glycol 6000 to simulate PRI in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), we showed that increased root hydraulic conductance (L) and water uptake in the hydrated roots may be due to the elevated expression of cotton plasma membrane intrinsic protein (PIP) genes. Jasmonate (jasmonic acid [JA] and jasmonic acid-isoleucine conjugate [JA-Ile]) content and the expression of three JA biosynthesis genes increased in the leaves of the PRI plants compared with those of the polyethylene glycol-free control. JA/JA-Ile content also increased in the hydrated roots, although the expression of the three JA genes was unaltered, compared with the control. The JA/JA-Ile contents in leaves increased after the foliar application of exogenous JA and was followed by an increase in both JA/JA-Ile content and L in the hydrated roots, whereas the silencing of the three JA genes had the opposite effect in the leaves. Ring-barking the hydrated hypocotyls increased the JA/JA-Ile content in the leaves but decreased the JA/JA-Ile content and L in the hydrated roots. These results suggested that the increased JA/JA-Ile in the hydrated roots was mostly transported from the leaves through the phloem, thus increasing L by increasing the expression of GhPIP in the hydrated roots under PRI. We believe that leaf-derived JA/JA-Ile, as a long-distance signal, positively mediates water uptake from the hydrated roots of cotton under PRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Luo
- Cotton Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory for Cotton Culture and Physiology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqiang Kong
- Cotton Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory for Cotton Culture and Physiology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Cotton Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory for Cotton Culture and Physiology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijiang Li
- Cotton Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory for Cotton Culture and Physiology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Cotton Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory for Cotton Culture and Physiology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlong Dai
- Cotton Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory for Cotton Culture and Physiology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Fang
- National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfang Chu
- National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Hezhong Dong
- Cotton Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory for Cotton Culture and Physiology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
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179
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Liu Z, Jiao X, Lu S, Zhu C, Zhai Y, Guo W. Effects of winter irrigation on soil salinity and jujube growth in arid regions. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218622. [PMID: 31242237 PMCID: PMC6594609 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The considerably high evapotranspiration and the low leaching fraction of the soil in arid regions are likely the primary causes of the enhanced soil salinity in such regions. Winter irrigation has proven to be very effective for promoting the leaching of salts from the rooting-zone. In this study, we investigated the effects of different irrigation methods (flood irrigation and drip irrigation) and winter irrigation quotas (450, 1350, 2250, 3150, 4050, and 4950 m3/hm2) on soil salinity and plant growth in an arid region. The sum of ECe in the 0–100 cm soil layer was 56.26–29.32 ms/cm under flood irrigation, 61.37–17.90 ms/cm under drip irrigation, and 64.13 ms/cm under no irrigation. The survival rates of jujube trees reached 65% and 77%, respectively, for drip irrigation and flood irrigation with a quota of 2250 m3/hm2. Furthermore, at irrigation quotas in excess of 3150 m3/hm2 the ground diameter and height of jujube trees were significantly greater than those observed under nonwinter irrigation and several other winter irrigation treatments. These findings indicated that winter irrigation significantly reduced soil salinity, changed the soil salt distribution, created a good environment for the growth of jujube trees and improved the survival rate of young jujube trees, especially under winter drip irrigation with a quota of 3150 m3/hm2. In addition, 1-year-old jujube trees emerging in spring may benefit from an ECe lower than 5 ms/cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Liu
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiyun Jiao
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Shenghan Lu
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Chengli Zhu
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yaming Zhai
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Guo
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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Turner RDR, Warne MSJ, Dawes LA, Thompson K, Will GD. Greywater irrigation as a source of organic micro-pollutants to shallow groundwater and nearby surface water. Sci Total Environ 2019; 669:570-578. [PMID: 30889446 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Increased water demands due to population growth and increased urbanisation have driven adoption of various water reuse practices. The irrigation of greywater (water from all household uses, except toilets) has been proposed as one potential sustainable practice. Research has clearly identified environmental harm from the presence of micro-pollutants in soils, groundwater and surface water. Greywater contains a range of micro pollutants yet very little is known about their potential environmental fate when greywater is irrigated to soil. Therefore, this study assessed whether organic micro-pollutants in irrigated greywater were transferred to shallow groundwater and an adjacent surface waterway. A total of 22 organic micro-pollutants were detected in greywater. Six of these (acesulfame, caffeine, DEET, paracetamol, salicylic acid and triclosan) were selected as potential tracers of greywater contamination. Three of these chemicals (acesulfame, caffeine, DEET) were detected in the groundwater, while salicylic acid was also detected in adjacent surface water. Caffeine and DEET in surface water were directly attributable to greywater irrigation. Thus the practice of greywater irrigation can act as a source of organic micro-pollutants to shallow groundwater and nearby surface water. The full list of micro-pollutants that could be introduced via greywater and the risk they pose to aquatic ecosystems is not yet known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D R Turner
- Water Quality and Investigations, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Science, Science Division, The State of Queensland, Department of Environment and Science, Dutton Park, Queensland, Australia; School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Michael St J Warne
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Coventry, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Water Quality and Investigations, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Science, Science Division, The State of Queensland, Department of Environment and Science, Dutton Park, Queensland, Australia; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Les A Dawes
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kristie Thompson
- National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology, University of Queensland, Robertson, Queensland, Australia
| | - Geoffrey D Will
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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181
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Qi D, Hu T, Song X, Zhang M. Effect of nitrogen supply method on root growth and grain yield of maize under alternate partial root-zone irrigation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8191. [PMID: 31160666 PMCID: PMC6546698 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out to investigate effect of nitrogen (N) supply method on root growth and its correlation with the above-ground parts in maize (Zea mays L.) under alternate partial root-zone irrigation (APRI) at Wuwei, northwest China in 2012 and 2014. The treatments included alternate N supply, conventional N supply and fixed N supply under APRI (designated AN, CN and FN, respectively), with an additional CN fertilizer treatment coupled with conventional irrigation (CK). Ridges were built in a west-east direction. Root weight density (RWD) in the 0-100 cm soil layer and shoot biomass at the V6, V12, VT, R2 and R6 stages, and grain yield and yield components at the R6 were determined. Results showed that RWD around the plant (i.e. under the plant, south and north of the plant) in the 0-40 cm soil layer varied among different treatments at the VT, R2 and R6 stages. The RWD north and south the plant were comparable during maize growth stages for AN, CN and CK, while FN significantly decreased the RWD of its no N supply side at the three stages and markedly decreased the RWD of its N supply side at the VT. AN and CN significantly increased the RWD, shoot biomass at the three stages, and grain yield compared with FN and CK. Grain yield was positively correlated with RWD in the 0-40 cm soil layer at the three stages. These results suggested that AN and CN produced a relatively uniform distribution of roots and a greater root biomass, which contributed to the enhanced shoot biomass and grain yield of maize under APRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Qi
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agriculture Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434025, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Tiantian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Xue Song
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Inner Mongolian Autonomous Regional Survey and Design Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectricity, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, China
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182
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Rosalie R, Léchaudel M, Chillet M, Dufossé L, Joas J. Could the reliability of classical descriptors of fruit quality be influenced by irrigation and cold storage? The case of mango, a climacteric fruit. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:3792-3802. [PMID: 30666651 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large improvements have been realized on the accuracy of the determination of fruit quality. The relevance of the relationship between commonly used quality descriptors and their related chemical contents was here questioned under the influence of water supply reduction and postharvest cold storage. The study relied on three analyses: (1) a correlation table between quality descriptors and compound contents, (2) principal component analysis using the selected variables to see the quality discrimination dictated by treatments; and (3) linear correlation between content and descriptors according to treatments. RESULTS The results indicate that abiotic parameters applied on mango fruits before or after harvest can affect the relationship between a quality descriptor and the content in compounds it is related to, here between titratable acidity and organic acid content and to a lesser extent between color, represented by hue angle values, and carotenoids, possibly creating bias in the final quality determination. A stronger relation between total soluble solids and total sugar content, were observed under mild abiotic stress. CONCLUSION Fruit growth and postharvest storage conditions, such as irrigation and cold storage, can influence the actual correspondence between the compounds contents and the descriptors used to estimate fruit quality, particularly for pulp color, sugars and acids. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Rosalie
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Saint-Pierre, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, Sainte-Clotilde, France
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université d'Avignon, Montpellier, France
| | - Mathieu Léchaudel
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université d'Avignon, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UPR HortSys, Saint Pierre, France
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Capesterre-Belle-Eau, France
| | - Marc Chillet
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Saint-Pierre, France
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université d'Avignon, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments, Université de La Réunion, ESIROI Agroalimentaire, Parc Technologique, Sainte-Clotilde, France
| | - Jacques Joas
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université d'Avignon, Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier, France
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183
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Ijaz M, Waheed A, Ul-Allah S, Nawaz A, Wasaya A, Sattar A, Sher A. Sewage waste water application improves the productivity of diverse wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars on a sandy loam soil. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:17045-17054. [PMID: 30997645 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05061-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Water stress due to climate change is an emerging threat to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity in the arid regions of the world which will impact the future food security. In this scenario, the investigations are needed to check the feasibility of alternate sources of irrigation water to fulfill the irrigation demands of the crops in the arid regions. This 2-year study was aimed to investigate the influence of three irrigation sources (sewage water, canal water, and underground water) on the productivity of 10 wheat cultivars under an arid climate of Layyah, Pakistan. The results indicated that the number of fertile tillers, grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield varied from 114 to 168 m-2, 34.8 to 53.3, 33.4 to 38.4 g, and 2.68 to 4.05 Mg ha-1, respectively in various wheat cultivars. The highest fertile tillers (168 m-2) were recorded in cultivar Gold-2016 followed by Aas-2011 (155 cm), AARI-2011 (153 m-2), and Ujala-2016 (150 m-2). The highest 1000-grain weight of 38.4 g was recorded in cultivar NARC-2016. The grains per spike (53.3) were the highest in cultivar Ujala-2016. The grain yields were the highest in cultivars Ujala-2016 (4.05 Mg ha-1) and Gold-2016 (3.91 Mg ha-1). The highest grain yield of 3.71 Mg ha-1 was recorded with sewage water irrigation against the grain yield of 3.18 and 2.91 Mg ha-1 in canal and underground water irrigation, respectively. There existed a strong co-relation of fertile tillers and grains per spike with the grain yield of wheat. Application of sewage water also enhanced the total nitrogen, extractable potassium, and available phosphorous in soil. In crux, the cultivation of recently bread wheat cultivars (viz. Ujala-2016, Gold-2016) and the irrigation of field with sewage water in the absence of canal water might be a viable option to boost wheat productivity under arid regions. A range of genetic variability existed for different traits in the cultivars; therefore, these can be used to breed wheat cultivars to be used for sewage water cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ijaz
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Waheed
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ul-Allah
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Pakistan.
| | - Ahmad Nawaz
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Pakistan.
| | - Allah Wasaya
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sattar
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Sher
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Pakistan
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184
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Ahmad K, Wajid K, Khan ZI, Ugulu I, Memoona H, Sana M, Nawaz K, Malik IS, Bashir H, Sher M. Evaluation of Potential Toxic Metals Accumulation in Wheat Irrigated with Wastewater. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2019; 102:822-828. [PMID: 30955046 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02605-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to ascertain the level of various metals in wheat variety (Chagi-4) irrigated with diverse doses of wastewater. The concentration of metals in soil, water and wheat grain samples was examined through an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In wheat grains, the mean values of metals (mg/kg) varied from 0.06 to 0.2 for Pb, 1.2 to 1.6 for Cd, 0.6 to 0.9 for Ni, 0.8 to 1.6 for Fe, 0.4 to 1.0 for Mn, 0.7 to 1.4 for Cu, 0.3 to 0.5 for Cr, 0.1 to 0.9 for Zn and 0.03 to 0.2 for Co, correspondingly. Measured concentrations were found within the permissible limit given by FAO/WHO except for cadmium whose concentration exceeded an acceptable limit 0.2 mg/kg suggested by FAO/WHO. It might be due to high soil pH, which hinders the efficient transfer of metals between different mediums. Wastewater irrigated soil, wheat and water had high metal values, but the low rate of transfer was noticed from soil to grains. Higher bioconcentration factor was obtained for manganese and cadmium; cadmium had even higher pollution load index, which could indicate the contamination status of soil. Therefore, regular monitoring of wastewater is necessary to prevent the excessive build-up of metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kafeel Ahmad
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Kinza Wajid
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
| | - Zafar Iqbal Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Ilker Ugulu
- Buca Faculty of Education, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hafsa Memoona
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Madiha Sana
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Nawaz
- Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | | | - Humayun Bashir
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
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185
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Dash CJ, Sarangi A, Singh DK, Adhikary PP. Numerical simulation to assess potential groundwater recharge and net groundwater use in a semi-arid region. Environ Monit Assess 2019; 191:371. [PMID: 31102073 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Accurate assessment of deep percolation (potential groundwater recharge) under different field crops is essential for sustainable management of scarce water resources and proper planning of crop rotation in irrigated, semi-arid regions of the world. The potential recharge from commonly grown field crops in semi-arid Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) of India was estimated using HYDRUS-1D model, where, irrigation, evapotranspiration, and soil moisture dynamics were simulated. Simultaneously, net groundwater use by different cropping patterns was also calculated. Among the hydraulic parameters, n was found most sensitive for water percolation. During rainy season, 293.8 and 159.1 mm water was percolated below the root zone of cotton and soybean, respectively, which accounted for 39.4 and 32.9% of the water input. During winter season, 66.8 and 30.3 mm water was percolated below the root zone of winter maize and mustard, respectively, accounting for 20.5 and 10.6% of added water. It was observed that net groundwater use was positive for cotton, soybean, and summer maize with the values of 168.8, 159.1, and 18.0 mm year-1, respectively, and negative for rice, wheat, winter maize, and mustard. For the eight most important cropping patterns of semi-arid IGP, the net groundwater use was negative and varied between - 4.4 mm year-1 for cotton-maize and -423 mm year-1 for rice-wheat. With these cropping patterns, the overall rate of decline of groundwater was 231 mm year-1. It was found that maize-wheat and soybean-wheat cropping patterns consume much less water than rice-wheat cropping pattern and therefore are suitable to arrest the declining trend of groundwater in semi-arid IGP of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch Jyotiprava Dash
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Sunabeda, Koraput, Odisha, 763002, India
| | - A Sarangi
- Water Technology Centre, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, PUSA, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - D K Singh
- Water Technology Centre, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, PUSA, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - P P Adhikary
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Sunabeda, Koraput, Odisha, 763002, India.
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186
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Suri MR, Dery JL, Pérodin J, Brassill N, He X, Ammons S, Gerdes ME, Rock C, Goldstein RER. U.S. farmers' opinions on the use of nontraditional water sources for agricultural activities. Environ Res 2019; 172:345-357. [PMID: 30825685 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Water is a key resource for agricultural production in the United States. Due to projected changes in water availability across the country, long-term sustainability of agricultural production may rely on finding alternatives to traditional water sources. The aim of this study was to assess farmers' opinions on the use of nontraditional water sources (e.g., agricultural runoff, treated wastewater, recycled water, produced water, untreated surface water, and brackish surface and groundwater) for agricultural activities. A survey was distributed to farmers (n = 746) in the Mid-Atlantic and Southwest regions of the United States (U.S.) about water availability and nontraditional irrigation water perceptions. Chi-square, Fisher's exact tests, f-tests, and multinomial and ordinal logistic regression analyses were conducted. Of farmers surveyed, 80% (431/543) considered the use of nontraditional water sources to be at least moderately important and 61% (444/727) would use nontraditional water if given the option. Each of the following factors individually increased the likelihood that a farmer considered nontraditional water very important for agriculture: Farmers who lived in the Southwest region compared to the Mid-Atlantic, farmers who were concerned about water availability compared with those who were not, farmers with a graduate or professional degree compared to those with less education, farmers with access to nontraditional water, and farmers with some knowledge of nontraditional water compared to those with no reported knowledge. Concern about water availability and knowledge of nontraditional water sources were significantly associated with willingness to use these water sources (p < 0.001 for both). Water quality, food safety and health risks were the main concerns regarding nontraditional water use across both regions. Willingness to use nontraditional water increased significantly if the water quality was proven to be as good or better than farmers' current water sources (63% vs. 84%; p < 0.001). Projects focused on nontraditional water use in agriculture should be regionally tailored as our data found significant differences between farmers in two distinct U.S. regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayhah R Suri
- Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jessica L Dery
- Department of Soil, Water & Environmental Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Joanne Pérodin
- Contractor, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Natalie Brassill
- Department of Soil, Water & Environmental Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Xin He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Samantha Ammons
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Megan E Gerdes
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Channah Rock
- Department of Soil, Water & Environmental Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Rachel E Rosenberg Goldstein
- Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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187
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Khan ZI, Safdar H, Ahmad K, Wajid K, Bashir H, Ugulu I, Dogan Y. Health risk assessment through determining bioaccumulation of iron in forages grown in soil irrigated with city effluent. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:14277-14286. [PMID: 30864035 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04721-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The irrigation with sewage water can be useful if it has no negative effects on food crop yield, soil pollution, and health of humans. However, it includes various types of contaminants like heavy metals that pollute the soil and crops. In this regard, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible health risks of heavy metals in forages. Forages both of summer and winter were grown with different water treatments (sewage water and tap water) in Department of Botany, University of Sargodha. The concentration of iron (Fe) in water, soil, and plant samples was determined. The Fe values in tap and sewage water were observed as 0.090 and 0.115 mg/L, respectively. The highest mean concentration of Fe was 9.608 mg/kg in the soil where Trifolium alexandrinum is grown, and the lowest mean concentration was 0.154 mg/kg which occurred in the soil where Trifolium resupinatum is grown in winter. The maximum mean concentration of Fe in the root samples of plants was observed as 2.483 mg/kg in Pennisetum typhoideum, and the minimum mean concentration occurred as 0.390 mg/kg in Zea mays grown in summer. The maximum bioconcentration factor value of Fe was observed for T. resupinatum (5.259) grown in winter. The maximum pollution load index value of Fe was observed for T. alexandrinum (0.1688). The maximum value of daily intake of metals was observed as 0.0731 in Medicago sativa, and the maximum health risk index value was determined as 0.1091 in P. typhoideum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Iqbal Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Hareem Safdar
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Kafeel Ahmad
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Kinza Wajid
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
| | - Humayun Bashir
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Ilker Ugulu
- Buca Faculty of Education, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yunus Dogan
- Buca Faculty of Education, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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188
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Manos DP, Xydis G. Hydroponics: are we moving towards that direction only because of the environment? A discussion on forecasting and a systems review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:12662-12672. [PMID: 30915697 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04933-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During the evolution of the human, agriculture and land utilization was inevitably connected with survival in nature. Human activity was not only restricted to the production of agricultural products but also extended into many other sectors, such as the production of several industrial-made products, mining, and usage of fossil fuels as a standard method of generating electricity. However, the intense urbanization phenomenon ultimately caused, during the last few decades, the degradation of our natural environment. As a result, the quality (and quantity) of produced food we consume has significantly decreased. The need for the evolution of alternative methods of cultivation is constant and always a hot topic, especially in order to confront the multiple problems that conventional agriculture has. Hydroponics, an innovative cultivation method, comes to solve many of these problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios-Panagiotis Manos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Educators, School of Pedagogical & Technological Education, 141 21, Iraklio Attikis, Greece
| | - George Xydis
- Department of Business Development and Technology, Centre for Energy Technologies, Aarhus University, Birk Centerpark 15, 7400, Herning, Denmark.
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189
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Khawla K, Besma K, Enrique M, Mohamed H. Accumulation of trace elements by corn (Zea mays) under irrigation with treated wastewater using different irrigation methods. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 170:530-537. [PMID: 30572248 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Treated wastewater reuse for irrigation has gained a greater significance as an alternative resource to meet the growing water demands for agriculture and reduce the pressure on limited existing fresh water. However, this reuse needs adapted management in order to avoid environmental and health risks. An experiment was conducted in a greenhouse to evaluate the effect of different irrigation methods on the Metallic Trace elements and metals concentrations of a Tunisian soil (pH = 8.6) and corn when using treated wastewater. Four irrigation methods: surface irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation and subsurface drip irrigation, and two water qualities were used: treated wastewater and fresh water. Samples of soil and corn were analyzed for several Metallic Trace elements. Results for soil showed that treated wastewater increased electrical conductivity, nutrients and metallic trace elements. The highest levels of salinity and Metallic Trace elements were recorded with using surface irrigation and the lowest were noticed by using subsurface drip irrigation. Whereas the highest levels of nutrients elements were recorded by using subsurface drip irrigation. Results for corn showed that irrigation with treated wastewater improved corn biomass, increased nutrient elements, nitrate reductase activity and chlorophyll content. The concentrations of Metallic Trace elements in different parts of corn were significantly higher under treated wastewater irrigation than fresh water irrigation and were reduced in case of subsurface drip irrigation. Among studied metals, Nickel concentration exceeded the permissible limits of 10 mg kg-1. Bio-concentration factor values were, in order, Iron > Zinc > Nickel > Copper > lead > Cadmium, whereas, translocation factor values were, in order, Copper > Zinc > Cadmium > iron > lead > Nickel. Because of translocation factor < 1 and bio-concentration factor ≥ 0.2, maize could be considered as both an excluder and an accumulator plant. Results of this study indicate that the use of subsurface drip irrigation decreased the amount of soil and corn contamination by Metallic Trace elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaskhoussy Khawla
- National research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests (INRGREF), 17 rue Hédi Karray, BP n 10, Ariana 2080, Tunisia.
| | - Kahlaoui Besma
- Centro de Pomaceas, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, Talca, Chile
| | - Misle Enrique
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Forestry, Universidad Católica del Maule, Camino a Los Niches, km 5, PB 7-D Curicó, Chile
| | - Hachicha Mohamed
- National research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests (INRGREF), 17 rue Hédi Karray, BP n 10, Ariana 2080, Tunisia
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190
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Moretti M, Van Passel S, Camposeo S, Pedrero F, Dogot T, Lebailly P, Vivaldi GA. Modelling environmental impacts of treated municipal wastewater reuse for tree crops irrigation in the Mediterranean coastal region. Sci Total Environ 2019; 660:1513-1521. [PMID: 30743943 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater reuse provides valuable solutions to solve the societal challenges of decreasing availability and limiting access to secure water resources. The present study quantifies the environmental performance of nectarine orchards irrigation using treated municipal wastewater (TMW) and surface water using a unique dataset based on field experimental data. Climate change, toxicity (for human and freshwater), eutrophication (marine and freshwater) and acidification impacts were analysed using the impact assessment method suggested by the International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD). The water footprint associated to the life cycles of each system has been estimated using the Available WAter REmaining (AWARE) method. Monte Carlo simulation was used to assess data uncertainty. The irrigation of nectarine orchards using TMW performs better than the irrigation using surface water for eutrophication impact categories. Compared with surface water resources, the potential impacts of TMW reuse in agriculture on climate change and toxicity are affected by the wastewater treatment phase (WWT). Only eutrophication and acidification burdens are generated by in-field substitution of surface water with TMW. Considering human and ecosystem water demand, the irrigation with TMW increases water consumption of 19.12 m3 per kg of nectarine produced. Whereas, it shows a positive contribution to water stress (-0.19 m3) if only human water demand is considered. This study provides important results that allow for a better understanding of the potential environmental consequences of TMW reuse in agriculture. It suggests that embracing the type of WWTs, the replacement of fertilizers, the effects on water scarcity and ecosystem quality might be useful to redefine water reuse regulations and increase public acceptance for the reuse of TMW in agriculture. Moreover, this study reveals the need for developing consensus and standardized guidance for life cycle analysis of water reuse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Moretti
- University of Liege, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Economy and Rural Development Unit, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; UHasselt, Faculty of Business Economics, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - S Van Passel
- UHasselt, Faculty of Business Economics, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; Antwerp University, Faculty of Business and Economics, Department of Engineering Management, Prinsstraat 13, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - S Camposeo
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Campus, Bari, Italy Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - F Pedrero
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Campus, Bari, Italy Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - T Dogot
- University of Liege, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Economy and Rural Development Unit, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - P Lebailly
- University of Liege, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Economy and Rural Development Unit, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - G A Vivaldi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Campus, Bari, Italy Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy.
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191
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Wang H, He P, Shen C, Wu Z. Effect of irrigation amount and fertilization on agriculture non-point source pollution in the paddy field. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:10363-10373. [PMID: 30761497 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04375-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
It is the key point to reveal the effect of irrigation water and fertilization conditions on the agriculture non-point pollution in the paddy field. In this study, the estimation model of agricultural non-point source pollution loads at field scale was established on the basis of agricultural drainage irrigation model and combined with pollutant concentration predication model. Based on the estimation model of agricultural non-point source pollution in the field and experimental data, the load of agricultural non-point source pollution in different irrigate amount and fertilization schedule in paddy field was calculated. The results showed that the variation of field drainage varies greatly under different irrigation conditions, and there is an "inflection point" between the irrigation water amount and field drainage amount. The non-point pollution load increased with the increase of irrigation water and showed a significant power correlation. Under the different irrigation condition, the increase amplitude of non-point pollution load with the increase of irrigation water was different. When the irrigation water is smaller, the non-point pollution load increase relatively less, and when the irrigation water increased to inflection point, the non-point pollution load will increase considerably. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the fertilization and non-point pollution load. The non-point pollution load had obvious difference in different fertilization schedule even with same fertilization level, in which the fertilizer pollution load increased the most in the period of turning green to tillering. The results provide some basis for the field control and management of agricultural non-point source pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiliang Wang
- College of Water Conservancy & Environmental Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng He
- College of Water Conservancy & Environmental Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyang Shen
- College of Water Conservancy & Environmental Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zening Wu
- College of Water Conservancy & Environmental Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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192
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Oliveira DP, Nóbrega GN, Ruiz F, Perlatti F, Soares AA, Otero XL, Ferreira TO. Risk assessment and copper geochemistry of an orchard irrigated with mine water: a case study in the semiarid region of Brazil. Environ Geochem Health 2019; 41:603-615. [PMID: 30022342 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate mine water reuse, elucidating the potential problems related to trace metal biogeochemistry focusing on Cu dynamics in water, soil, and plants. Water samples were collected from a Cu mine and a reservoir used to store mine water. Additional samples were taken from soils from an uncultivated area and a banana orchard (irrigated with mine water for at least 10 years) and plant from the irrigated area. The following parameters were analyzed: pH, redox potential, dissolved ions in water samples (e.g., Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cu2+, SO 4 2- , and Cl-), bioavailable Cu and Cu solid-phase fractionation (in soils and reservoir sediments samples), as well as Cu content in banana plants. Mine water presents high dissolved Cu concentration (mean 2.3 ± 0.0 mg L-1), limiting its use for irrigation. Water storage at the reservoir increased water quality, reducing dissolved Cu concentration (mean 0.2 ± 0.0 mg L-1), due to adsorption/precipitation as carbonates (mean 131.8 ± 24.6 mg kg-1), organic matter (mean 1526.2 ± 4.7 mg kg-1) and sulfides (mean 158.4 ± 56.9 mg kg-1). Despite higher water quality at the reservoir, the use of mine water increased the amount of bioavailable Cu in soils, which was primarily associated with organic matter. Increased bioavailable Cu in the soil did not increase the Cu content of banana leaves but resulted in high Cu content of roots and fruit, increasing the risk of toxicity for the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Oliveira
- Graduate Course in Ecology and Natural Resources, Department of Biology, Federal University of Ceará - UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Gabriel N Nóbrega
- Department of Geochemistry, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ-USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Ruiz
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ-USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Perlatti
- National Department of Mineral Production - DNPM/SP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arlete A Soares
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-9000, Brazil
| | - Xosé L Otero
- Departamento de Edafoloxia e Quimica Agrícola, Facultade de Bioloxia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Tiago O Ferreira
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ-USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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193
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Fan BH, Ma LL, Ren RD, He JX, Hamiti A, Li JM. [Effects of irrigation frequency of organic nutrient solution and irrigation amount on yield, quality, fertilizer and water use efficiency of melon in facility]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2019; 30:1261-1268. [PMID: 30994287 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201904.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the organic cultivation mode for high-yield and high-quality melon, we measured the growth of melon that grown in pots with different conditions of organic nutrient solution and irrigation. There were three irrigation frequencies of organic nutrient solution (8-time application, each time 750 mL per plant, F1; 12-time application, each time 500 mL per plant, F2; 16-time application, each time 375 mL per plant, F3) and two different irrigation amount per single plant (irrigating by 120% daily evapotranspiration (ET) before fruit enlargement, by 140%ET after fruit enlargement, W1; irrigating by 140%ET before fruit enlargement, by 160%ET after fruit enlargement, W2), following a randomized block trial design. The effects of those treatments on photosynthetic characteristics, yield, quality, fertilizer and water use efficiency of melon were investigated. The results showed that photosynthetic rate of melon leaves was significantly increased by more frequent and less amount of organic nutrient solution application. Fruit yield and water use efficiency were significantly improved under low irrigation condition. Fertilizer utilization was optimal under the treatments of high irrigation and medium organic nutrient solution frequency. Fruit quality was improved under less organic nutrient solution and relatively suitable water supply. A mathematical model of exponential function y=0.214e0.18x (R2=0.851) could be used to quantify the relationship between the vitamin C content of melon fruit and frequency of organic nutrient solution application. Considering the variables, such as yield, quality and water use efficiency, F3W1 treatment was recommended with the aim to improve fruit quality and optimal water use efficiency under promising yield, which could achieve high-yield and high-quality cultivation of organic melon in facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Hua Fan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University/Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Le le Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University/Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Dan Ren
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University/Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Xing He
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University/Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Abudumijiti Hamiti
- Bozhou Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Bole 833400, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jian Ming Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University/Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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194
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Liu J, Hu T, Feng P, Wang L, Yang S. Tomato yield and water use efficiency change with various soil moisture and potassium levels during different growth stages. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213643. [PMID: 30917147 PMCID: PMC6436690 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Faced with the scarcity of water resource and irrational fertilizer use, it is highly important to supply plants with water and fertilizer at desiderated stages to improve yield with high water use efficiency (WUE). A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of growth stage-specific water deficiency and potassium (K) fertilization on tomato yield and WUE. The entire growing season of tomato was divided into 5 stages: vegetative growth stage (VG), flowering and fruit setting stage (FS), early fruit growth stage (FG), fruit development stage (FD) and fruit maturity stage (FM). Three soil moisture (W) and three K fertilization levels were set up. W levels included W1, W2 and W3, indicating that soil water was maintained at 60-70% field capacity, 70-80% field capacity, and 80-90% field capacity, respectively. K levels included K1, K2 and K3, indicating that 0 g K2O per kg soil, 0.46 g K2O per kg soil and 0.92 g K2O per kg soil was applied. All combinations of the three W and three K levels were solely imposed at each of the five growth stages, for other four stages, plants were watered to 80-90% field capacity without K fertilizer (W3K1). The permanent W3K1 over the entire growth stage was taken as control (CK). The results showed that W deficiency imposed at all stages significantly affected tomato yield (P<0.01), except for VG stage in which W deficiency did not cause yield loss. K fertilization level during FS or FM stage had a significant effect on yield (P<0.01). A significant interaction effect of W and K on yield was only observed during FM stage. For WUE, significant effect of W deficiency at FS, FD and FM stages were observed, and a significant effect of K levels at FS, FD and FM stages was observed. Specifically, K fertilization was necessary during specific growth stage of tomato (i.e. FS and FM). During FS stage, even if a sufficient water supply seems necessary, a deficit irrigation with K fertilization could be applied as K fertilization could alleviate the negative effect of soil water deficit, however, excess of K fertilization during FM stage should be avoided to maintain tomato yield and WUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiantian Hu
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Puyu Feng
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuohuan Yang
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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195
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Zolti A, Green SJ, Ben Mordechay E, Hadar Y, Minz D. Root microbiome response to treated wastewater irrigation. Sci Total Environ 2019; 655:899-907. [PMID: 30481716 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With increasing fresh water (FW) scarcity, the use of treated wastewater (TWW) for crop irrigation is expanding globally. Besides clear benefits, some undesired long-term effects of irrigation with this low quality water on plant performance have been reported. As the rhizosphere microbiome can mediate plant-soil interactions, an examination of the response of these organisms to TWW is necessary to understand the full effects of water quality. In the current study, the effects of irrigation water quality on the microbial community structure of soil and roots as well as edaphic properties and plant performance were evaluated. We compared soil and roots microbiomes of two different plant species (tomato and lettuce), each grown in two distinct soils, and irrigated with either FW or TWW. Irrigation with TWW significantly increase soil pH, EC, K, Na and DOC, and decrease plant fruit and shoot weight, relatively to samples irrigated with FW. We calculated the effect size of plant species, soil type, and irrigation water quality on microbial community structure in soil and root. In the roots, plant species and irrigation water were the dominant factors in shaping both total (DNA based) and active (RNA based) microbial communities, with both factors contributing similarly to the observed microbial population. Soil type and irrigation water were the dominant factors shaping the total microbial community in the soil and were of similar magnitude. Irrigation water quality is demonstrated to be a major force in shaping root-associated microbiome, leading to altered microbial community structure in the critical juncture between plant and soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avihai Zolti
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization - Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion 7528809, Israel; Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Stefan J Green
- Sequencing Core, Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Evyatar Ben Mordechay
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yitzhak Hadar
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Dror Minz
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization - Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion 7528809, Israel.
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196
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Morugán-Coronado A, García-Orenes F, McMillan M, Pereg L. The effect of moisture on soil microbial properties and nitrogen cyclers in Mediterranean sweet orange orchards under organic and inorganic fertilization. Sci Total Environ 2019; 655:158-167. [PMID: 30469061 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Water shortage and soil degradation are common environmental stressors encountered in the Mediterranean area. We evaluated how different soil moisture levels, dependent on distance from drip irrigation points, impact on the biological, chemical and physical properties of citrus soil under organic and inorganic fertilization. We measured soil physicochemical properties, basal soil respiration, soil microbial biomass carbon, soil microbial community structure (phospholipid fatty acid assay), bacterial load (16S rRNA gene abundance), enzymatic activities (urease, dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase) and abundance of microbial nitrogen cyclers (quantitative PCR). A field experiment was established in an orange orchard (Citrus sinensis) in southeast Spain and eighteen soil samples were taken from each plot to compare the impacts of soil moisture: near (wet, w) or away (dry, d) from drip-irrigation points, in plots with inorganic fertilizers under intensive ploughing (PI) or organic fertilization (OA). The results showed that changes in microbial properties and soil microbial indexes were strongly associated with soil moisture content under both organic and inorganic fertilization, and with organic carbon content. Soil moisture influenced soil aggregation, basal soil respiration, phosphatase activity, bacterial and fungal load (PLFAs) and the abundances of bacterial N cycling genes, including nifH (nitrogen fixation) nirS/K and nosZ genes (denitrification) and amoA-B (bacterial nitrification). The potential for N fixation and denitrification, two microbial processes that are crucial for determining the amount of N in the soil, were improved by increased soil moisture in the proximity of the drip irrigation. Soil OC and total N, which are higher under organic fertilization than under inorganic fertilization, were also shown to be highly correlated with the abundance of the N cycling genes. By controlling irrigation doses and applying organic amendments, it may be possible to increase the microbial abundance and function in soil and support greater fertility of soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Morugán-Coronado
- GEA - Environmental Soil Science Group, Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, University Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Fuensanta García-Orenes
- GEA - Environmental Soil Science Group, Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, University Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Mary McMillan
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Lily Pereg
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
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197
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Yang S, Sun X, Ding J, Jiang Z, Xu J. Effects of biochar addition on the NEE and soil organic carbon content of paddy fields under water-saving irrigation. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:8303-8311. [PMID: 30706261 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04326-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The addition of biochar has been reported as a strategy for improving soil fertility, crop productivity, and carbon sequestration. However, information regarding the effects of biochar on the carbon cycle in paddy fields under water-saving irrigation remains limited. Thus, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of biochar addition on the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2 and soil organic carbon (SOC) content of paddy fields under water-saving irrigation in the Taihu Lake region of China. Four treatments were applied: controlled irrigation (CI) without biochar addition as the control (CA), CI with biochar addition at a rate of 20 t·ha-1 (CB), CI with biochar addition at a rate of 40 t·ha-1 (CC), and flooding irrigation (FI) with biochar addition at a rate of 40 t·ha-1 (FC). Biochar addition increased rice yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by 24.0-36.3 and 33.4-42.5%, respectively, compared with the control. In addition, biochar addition increased the NEE of CI paddy fields. The average NEE of paddy fields under CB and CC was 2.41 and 30.6% higher than that under CA, respectively. Thus, the increasing effect of biochar addition at a rate of 40 t·ha-1 was considerably better than those of the other treatments. Apart from biochar addition, irrigation mode was also identified as an influencing factor. CI management increased the NEE of paddy fields by 17.6% compared with FI management. Compared with CA, CB increased total net CO2 absorption by 10.0%, whereas CC decreased total net CO2 absorption by 13.8%. Biochar addition also increased SOC, dissolved organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon contents. Therefore, the joint regulation of biochar addition and water-saving irrigation is a good technique for maintaining rice yield, increasing IWUE, and promoting soil fertility. Furthermore, when amended at the rate of 20 t·ha-1, biochar addition will be a good strategy for sequestering carbon in paddy fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China.
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao Sun
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ding
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zewei Jiang
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junzeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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198
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Gu X, Xiao Y, Yin S, Liu H, Men B, Hao Z, Qian P, Yan H, Hao Q, Niu Y, Huang H, Pei Q. Impact of Long-Term Reclaimed Water Irrigation on the Distribution of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soil: An In-Situ Experiment Study in the North China Plain. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16040649. [PMID: 30813230 PMCID: PMC6406732 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16040649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The widespread use of reclaimed water has alleviated the water resource crisis worldwide, but long-term use of reclaimed water for irrigation, especially in agricultural countries, might threaten the soil environment and further affect groundwater quality. An in-situ experiment had been carried out in the North China Plain, which aimed to reveal the impact of long-term reclaimed water irrigation on soil properties and distribution of potentially toxic elements (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Zn and Pb) in the soil profile as well as shallow groundwater. Four land plots were irrigated with different quantity of reclaimed water to represent 0, 13, 22 and 35 years’ irrigation duration. Pollution Load Index (PLI) values of each soil layer were calculated to further assess the pollution status of irrigated soils by potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Results showed that long-term reclaimed water irrigation caused appreciable increase of organic matter content, and might improve the soil quality. High soil organic matter concentrations conduced to high adsorption and retention capacity of the soils toward PTEs, which could reduce the risk of PTEs leaching into deep layers or shallow groundwater. Highest levels of Cr, Pb and Zn were observed at 200–240 cm and 460–500 cm horizons in plots. Longer irrigation time (35 years and 22 years) resulted in a decreasing trend of As, Cd, Hg, Pb and Zn in lower part of soil profiles (>540 cm) compared with that with 13-years’ irrigation years. Long-term reclaimed water irrigation still brought about increases in concentrations of some elements in deep soil layer although their content in soils and shallow groundwater was below the national standard. Totally speaking, proper management for reclaimed water irrigation, such as reduction of irrigation volume and rate of reclaimed water, was still needed when a very long irrigation period was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Gu
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China.
| | - Yong Xiao
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China.
| | - Shiyang Yin
- School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Honglu Liu
- Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Baohui Men
- School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Zhongyong Hao
- Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Peng Qian
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China.
| | - Huijun Yan
- Geological Environmental Monitoring Central Station of Qinghai Province, Xining 810008, China.
| | - Qichen Hao
- Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Science, Shijiazhuang 050061, China.
| | - Yong Niu
- Forestry College of Shangong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Nantong Vocational University, Nantong 226007, China.
| | - Qiuming Pei
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China.
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Picó Y, Alvarez-Ruiz R, Alfarhan AH, El-Sheikh MA, Alobaid SM, Barceló D. Uptake and accumulation of emerging contaminants in soil and plant treated with wastewater under real-world environmental conditions in the Al Hayer area (Saudi Arabia). Sci Total Environ 2019; 652:562-572. [PMID: 30368185 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In arid and semi-arid areas the use of treated wastewater for crop irrigation and other agricultural practices, such as the use of pesticides, increase the number of emerging contaminants (ECs) in crops. Hazards of these practices to human being are largely unknown since there are few studies yet covering a short range of compounds and most of them under non-realistic conditions. This study aims at assessing this problem that will become global soon in an area of Saudi Arabia heavily affected by the reuse of treated wastewater and pesticide in order to ascertain its scale. The novelty of the study relays in the large number of ECs covered and the variety of crops (cabbage, barley, green beans, eggplants, chili, tomato and zucchini) analysed. Extraction procedure developed provided an appropriate extraction yield (up to 50% of the compounds were recovered within a 70-120% range), with good repeatability (relative standard deviations below 20% in most cases) and sensitivity (LOQ < 25 ng g-1) for the model compounds. Determination by liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight (LC-QqTOF-MS) is able to identify >2000 contaminants. Sixty-four ECs were identified in wastewater but of the sixty-four compounds, six pharmaceuticals (atenolol, caffeine, carbamazepine and its metabolites 10,11-epoxycarbamazepine, gemfibrozil, and naproxen) and seven pesticides (acetamiprid, atrazine deethyl, azoxystrobin, bupirimate, diazinon, malathion, pirimicarb and some of their metabolites) were detected in plants. Furhermore, one metabolite of the ibuprofen (not detected in water or soil), the ibuprofen hexoside was also found in plants. Up to our knowledge, this study demonstrate for the first time the accumulation of ECs in crops irrigated with treated wastewater under real non-controlled environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Picó
- Environmental and Food Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre CIDE (CSIC-UV-GV), Moncada-Naquera Road Km 4.5, 46113 Moncada, Spain.
| | - Rodrigo Alvarez-Ruiz
- Environmental and Food Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre CIDE (CSIC-UV-GV), Moncada-Naquera Road Km 4.5, 46113 Moncada, Spain
| | - Ahmed H Alfarhan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A El-Sheikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy M Alobaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Damià Barceló
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
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Todde G, Murgia L, Deligios PA, Hogan R, Carrelo I, Moreira M, Pazzona A, Ledda L, Narvarte L. Energy and environmental performances of hybrid photovoltaic irrigation systems in Mediterranean intensive and super-intensive olive orchards. Sci Total Environ 2019; 651:2514-2523. [PMID: 30336441 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decades, traditional olive production has been converted to intensive and super-intensive cultivation systems, characterized by high plant density and irrigation. Although this conversion improves product quality and quantity, it requires a larger amount of energy input. The new contributions in this paper are, first, an analysis of the energy and environmental performance of two commercial-scale high peak-power hybrid photovoltaic irrigation systems (HPVIS) installed at intensive and super-intensive Mediterranean olive orchards; second, an analysis of PV hybrid solutions, comparing PV hybridization with the electric power grid and with diesel generators; and finally, a comparison of the environmental benefits of HPVIS with conventional power sources. Energy and environmental performances were assessed through energy and carbon payback times (EPBT and CPBT). The results show EPBT of 1.98 and 4.58 years and CPBT of 1.86 and 9.16 years for HPVIS in Morocco and Portugal, respectively. Moreover, the HPVIS were able to achieve low emission rates, corresponding to 48 and 103 g CO2e per kWh generated. The EPBT and CPBT obtained in this study were directly linked with the irrigation schedules of the olive orchards; therefore, weather conditions and irrigation management may modify the energy and environmental performances of HPVIS. The consumption of grid electricity and diesel fuel, before and after the implementation of HPVIS, was also analyzed. The results obtained show fossil energy savings of 67% for the Moroccan farm and 41% for the Portuguese installation. These savings suggest that the energy produced by HPVIS in olive orchards will avoid the emissions of a large amount of greenhouse gas and the exploitation of natural resources associated with fossil fuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Todde
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Lelia Murgia
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Paola Antonia Deligios
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Rita Hogan
- Solar Energy Institute, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain
| | - Isaac Carrelo
- Solar Energy Institute, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain
| | - Madalena Moreira
- Universidade de Evora - Escola de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Pólo da Mitra, Evora 7006-554, Portugal; ICAAM-Instituto de Ciencias Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterranicas, Universidade de Evora, Evora 7006-554, Portugal
| | - Antonio Pazzona
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Luigi Ledda
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Luis Narvarte
- Solar Energy Institute, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain
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